Coralliidae

Key to species of Coralliidae View in CoL in northern West Pacific

1. Autozooids seated in deep axial pits with a prominently beaded margin.............................. Paracorallium ... 2

- Autozooids not seated in deep axial pits with a prominently beaded margin.............................. Corallium View in CoL ... 4

2. Double clubs present............................................................. P. inutile Kishinouye View in CoL ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 )

- Double clubs absent................................................................................... 3

3. Autozooids occurring all around stems and branches; axis pink.......................... P. tortuosum View in CoL (see Bayer 1993)

- Autozooids more or less strictly arranged on one side of colony; axis red.......................... P. japonicum View in CoL ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 )

4. Autozooids retractile within short, hemispherical or cylindrical cortical mounds; long spindles in tentacles absent......... 5

- Autozooids non-retractile forming prominent cylinders when contracted; long spindles in tentacles present.............. 12

5. Cortical mounds distributed predominantly on one side of the colony............................................. 6

- Cortical mounds distributed on all sides of the colony or arranged biserially...................................... 11

6. Cortical mounds evenly distributed on one side of the colony................................................... 7

- Cortical mounds clustered in groups on one side of the colony.................................................. 8

7. Slender, prickle-like twigs on front surface absent; 6-radiates abundant; axis orange.................... C. elatius View in CoL ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 )

- Slender, prickle-like twigs on front surface present; 6-radiates rare; axis pale-pink to white........... C. secundum View in CoL ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 )

8. Octoradiates not present or rare.......................................................................... 9

- Octoradiates most abundant............................................................................ 10

9. Cortical mounds short and cylindrical; cortex with fine granular surface; 8-radiates present; axis orange............................................................................................ C. carusrubrum View in CoL n. sp. ( Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 )

- Cortical mounds hemispherical; cortex smooth; end twigs thick; 8-radiates absent; axis milky-white with pinkish center........................................................................................... C. konojoi View in CoL ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 )

10. Six-radiates present and common; cortex not papillate; axis white................................. C. niveum View in CoL ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 )

- Six-radiates absent; cortex papillate; axis orangish to yellowish-orange..... C. pusillum View in CoL (see Kishinouye 1904; plate V, 3–4)

11. Cortical mounds distributed on all sides of the colony, which is branched on all sides; smooth double heads predominant.............................................................................................. C. borneense View in CoL

- Cortical mounds raised and arranged biserially; colony branched in one plane; smooth double heads absent... C. kishinouyei View in CoL

12. Double clubs present.................................................................................. 13

- Double clubs absent.................................................................... C. laauense View in CoL ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 )

13. Heads of double clubs smooth with weak protuberances....................................... C. abyssale View in CoL ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 )

- Heads of double clubs rough with obvious protuberances..................................................... 14

14. Autozooids arranged biserially; oval shape 8-radiates absent; cortex not covered by irregular creases.................. 15

- Autozooids distributed in the front side and not arranged biserally; oval shape 8-radiates present; cortex thin and covered by irregular creases.......................................................... C. taiwanicum View in CoL sp. nov. ( Figs. 11 View FIGURE 11 , 12 View FIGURE 12 )

15. Crosses and irregular radiates present; spheroidal 6-radiates absent............................................. 16

- Crosses and irregular sclerites absent;, spheroidal 6-radiates present............................... C. regale View in CoL ( Fig. 13 View FIGURE 13 )

16. Main branches laterally compressed; terminal twigs sharply pointed; colony color yellow, axis milk white............................................................................ C. boshuensis View in CoL (see Kishinouye 1904; plate III, 3–4)

- Branched in one plane, tiny branchelets on the frontal side and some of them anastomose with each other; colony color red or pink, axis pink with white center........................................................ C. sulcatum View in CoL ( Figs. 14 View FIGURE 14 )