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var. callosum	fma. viridiflorum	var. sublaeve

Paphiopedilum callosum (Reichenbach fil.) Stein

• Described: Reichenbach fil. in Gardener's Chronicle, 2nd series, 26: 326 (1886)
• Transferred: Stein in Stein's Orchideenbuch, 457 (1892)
• Etymology: From the Latin callosus, meaning thick-skinned.
• Varieties & Forms:
  Paphiopedilum callosum var. sublaeve (Reichenbach fil. in Gardener's Chronicle, 3rd series, 3: 331 (1888))
  Paphiopedilum callosum var. potentianum (Gruss & Roeth in Caesiana, No. 5: 39 (1995)) Cribb in The Genus Paphiopedilum, 337 (1998)
  Paphiopedilum callosum var. viniferum (Koopowitz & Hasegawa in Orchid Digest, 64(4): 148-151 (2000)) Cavestro in Le Genre Paphiopedilum, 249 (2001)
  Paphiopedilum callosum fma. viridiflorum (hort. in Journal Des Orchidees, 15 (1893)) Gruss & Roeth in Caesiana 12: 60 (1999)
• Synonyms:
  Cypripedium barbatum var. warnerianum T. Moore in Warner, Select Orchidaceous Plants, 3rd series, t. 11 (1877-1891)
  Paphiopedilum birkii Fowlie hort.
  Paphiopedilum callosum var. angustipetalum Guillaumin in Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France, 4th series, 24: 551 (1924)
  Cypripedium callosum var. sanderae hort. in Gardener's Chronicle, 3rd series, 15:663 (1894) - synonym for the albino form
  Cypripedium crossii Morren in La Belgique Horticole, 15: 226, t. 17 (1865) and in La Belgique Horticole, 33: 96-98, t. 7 (1883)
  Paphiopedilum reflexum hort. ex Stein in Stein's Orchideenbuch, 482 (1892)
  Paphiopedilum regnieri hort. ex Stein in Stein's Orchideenbuch, 457 (1892)
  Cypripedium schmidtianum Kraenzlin in Botanisk Tidsskrift, 24: 13 (1901)
  Paphiopedilum thailandense Fowlie
• Chromosome Count -

  2n =	metacentrics	telocentrics	n.f.
  32	20	12	52

Plant Habit

• Leaves: 3-5, 10-20 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, above mottled pale and dark green, below sometimes purple-suffused, basal margins ciliate
• Inflorescence: 1- (rarely 2-) flowered, 12-25 cm long, purple, purple-pubescent
• Bloom: 8-11 cm across, petals held at ~45°
• Plant:
  

Habitat Data

• Distribution -
  
• Elevation: 300-1300 m.
• Peak Flowering in the Wild: April-June
• Ecology: along rivulets in closed forests over granite or sandstone
• Mean Temperature Range: 19-24°C
• Light: moderately deep shade
• Medium: deep leaf litter, occasionally on mossy boulders
• Water (D-drier, M-moderate, W-wetter) -

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Notes:

• This species is quite variable and a number of varieties have been described.

Sources:

• Averyanov, L. et al. Slipper Orchids of Vietnam. Portland, OR: Timber Press, 2003.
• Braem, Guido J., and Guy Chiron. Paphiopedilum. Saint-Genis Laval, France: Tropicalia, 2003.
• Braem, G.J., and K. Senghas. "The Intriguing Case of Cypripedium crossii, Its Priority Over Cypripedium callosum and Its Transfer to the Genus Paphiopedilum." SIDA, Contributions to Botany 19, no. 2 (2000): 249-55.
• Cribb, Phillip J. The Genus Paphiopedilum. Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia: Natural History Publications in association with Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1998.
• Fitch, C.M. "Paphiopedilum callosum in Malaysia - Drive-Along Orchid Viewing." American Orchid Society Bulletin 51, no. 7 (Jul 1982): 713-16.
• Fitch, C.M. "Perky Paphiopedilums, A Bounty of Color and Pattern Awaits Those Who Explore Slipper Orchids." Orchids 73, no. 6 (Jun 2004): 428-33.
• Gruss, O. "Albino Forms of the Slipper Orchids." Orchid Digest 69, no. 4 (Oct/Dec 2005): 204-29.
• Karasawa, K. "Karyomorphological Studies in Paphiopedilum, Orchidaceae." Bulletin of the Hiroshima Botanical Garden 2 (Mar 1979): 1979.
• Summerhayes, V.S. "Paphiopedilum callosum." Curtis's Botanical Magazine 164 (1943-48): Tab. 9671. <view article>

Primary Hybrids

Paph. callosum x	Hybrid
delenatii	Madame Martinet
micranthum	Maria Glanz
bellatulum	Wottonii
concolor	Conco-Callosum
godefroyae	Felix Faure
niveum	Winifred Hollington
boxallii	J. Bartels
charlesworthii	Rosita
druryi	A. R. Smith
exul	Doctor Conway
fairrieanum	Juno
hirsutissimum	Doncasterianum
insigne	Leoniae
spicerianum	Mademoiselle Gabrielle Moens
villosum	Indra
acmodontum	Virginia Moffett
appletonianum	Siamense
argus	Calloso-Argus
ciliolare	Zeus
curtisii	Goultenianum
dayanum	Callo-day
hennisianum	Ozette Lake
hookerae	Fortuna
javanicum	Java
lawrenceanum	Maudiae
mastersianum	Pytho
purpuratum	Cosmopolitan
sukhakulii	Montagnard
superbiens	Moussetianum
tonsum	Felicity
urbanianum	Curb Setter
venustum	Orpheus
violascens	Olaf Gruss
wardii	Pierre Bertaux
adductum	Victor Tymoshuk
glanduliferum	Hama Callomii
philippinense	Millmanii
rothschildianum	Callo-Rothschildianum
sanderianum	Princess May
stonei	Fordianum
chamberlainianum	Alcippe
glaucophyllum	James Fisher
primulinum	Dollina

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Last Updated: 10-23-06
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