乔木或灌棕习敬木,树皮灰褐寒体影色,芽承钻体无鳞苞,藏在对折的叶柄内。叶常绿,互奔热生,有锯齿。花单生,稀为总状花序,白色,有短柄;苞片2,宿存;萼片5,宿存;花瓣5片,基部连生;雄蕊多数签己战,排成多列,外轮花丝下半部连合求巩鸦成短管匪朵翻,花药背部着生;子房5室,每室有胚珠5-6个,基底着生;花柱连合,先端5裂。蒴果卵状球形,先端尖,木质,室背裂开为5求奔墓放爿,中轴短;种子每室4-6个,褐色,扁平,无翅或有窄翅,胚乳缺。 [1]
折柄茶属和紫茎属Stewartia非常接近,但是顶芽无鳞苞,直接藏在有翅而对折的叶柄内;叶常绿,并在每年春季开花前全部脱落,换发新叶;胚珠每室4-6个,蒴果有短的中轴;苞片较小,花后脱落;而紫茎属Stewartia则相反,芽有鳞苞,叶脱落或半脱落,叶柄无翅,胚珠2个,苞片大于萼片,宿存;蒴果的中轴不明显。紫茎属可能是从折柄茶属分化出来的。 [3]
折柄茶 H. sinensis Dunn. [3]
- 1.短萼折柄茶Hartia brevicalyx Hung T. Chang
- 2.心叶折柄茶Hartia cordifolia H. L. Li
- 3.圆萼折柄茶Hartia crassifolia S. Z. Yan
- 4.狭萼折柄茶Hartia densivillosa Hu ex Hung T. Chang & C. X. Ye
- 5.总状折柄茶Hartia gracilis (S. Z. Yan) Hung T. Chang & C. X. Ye
- 6.小花折柄茶Hartia micrantha Chun
- 7.南昆折柄茶Hartia nankwanica Hung T. Chang & C. X. Ye
- 8.钝叶折柄茶Hartia obovata Chun & Hung T. Chang
- 9.四川折柄茶Hartia sichuanensis S. Z. Yan
- 10.折柄茶Hartia sinensis Dunn
- 11.黄毛折柄茶Hartia sinii Y. C. Wu
- 12.小叶折柄茶Hartia tonkinensis Merr.
- 13.毛折柄茶Hartia villosa (Merr.) Merr.短叶毛折柄茶(变种)Hartia villosa (Merr.) Merr. var. elliptica Hung T. Chang大叶毛折柄茶(变种)Hartia villosa (Merr.) Merr. var. grandifolia (Chun) Hung T. Chang贴毛折柄茶(变种)Hartia villosa (Merr.) Merr. var. kwangtungensis (Chun) Hung T. Chang毛折柄茶(原变种)Hartia villosa (Merr.) Merr. var. villosa
- 14.云南折柄茶Hartia yunnanensis Hu