We’re often told to avoid parabens and phthalates because of their potential health risks. But what exactly are they, and why should you care?
Webster defines it as follows:
Paraben – any of a group of compounds used as preservatives in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products and in the food industry.
Phthalates – a group of chemicals used to make plastics more durable.
It’s surprising that chemicals and plastic would translate to personal care products, yet here we are.
While we can quickly analyze why a cosmetic company would use a preservative – it is confusing why they would use a chemical (Phthalates) used in plastic.
- Helps lotions adhere to the skin.
- Makes products softer with a better feel.
- Makes shampoos lather more.
Keep in mind it’s not just cosmetics. Phthalates are used in various consumer products, including food, pharmaceuticals, electronics, air fresheners, food containers, and even children’s toys.
Both paraben and phthalates have been linked to adverse health effects, including cancer, reproductive problems, endocrine disruptions, allergic reactions, and respiratory issues.
Additionally, researchers have linked phthalates to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obesity, type II diabetes, neurodevelopmental issues, behavioral issues, and autism spectrum disorders.
Understanding Phthalates and Estrogen Activity
Research shows that Phthalates, specifically di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), increase estrogen levels. These products easily enter our bloodstream through our skin. Once they are swimming around in our bodies, they bind to estrogen receptors – making them more active – and increasing our estrogen levels.
What does this mean?
Estrogen is responsible for all kinds of things like bone density, fat storage, and breast development. It also helps keep our hair, skin, and nails healthy. But if you have high levels of estrogen, then it can cause all kinds of problems, like infertility, hot flashes, and even cancer.
What can you do?
Acquaint yourself with the scientific names of these products to efficiently check products’ labels before you purchase them. The awareness of today’s consumers has prompted a surge of environmentally conscious manufacturers giving us choices previously unavailable.
Types of Parabens (1)
Cosmetics typically contain mixtures of different types of parabens. The most used six types are methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl- and isobutyl paraben. The so-called shorter-chain parabens, methyl-, and ethyl-, are commonly used in combination, whereas butylparaben is often used alone. The longer-chain parabens, propyl- and butyl-, are linked to stronger estrogenic activity.
Types of Phthalates (2)
Six of the commonly used phthalates in consumer products are di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), dioctyl phthalate (DnOP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP or BzBP).
Where Parabens Are Hiding
Since it appears there’s widespread exposure to parabens in many things, it’s essential to get skilled at reading product labels. Any personal care product with an ingredient ending in -paraben should be on your list of products to avoid.
Where Phthalates are Hiding
Sadly, phthalates lurk everywhere, from household products to electronics to children’s toys.
The FDA has been receiving reports of adverse health effects in people exposed to these chemicals for years. It’s highly possible that the amount of exposure that we are getting is unsafe partly because of the permeability of these products.
In fact, many studies have shown that even low levels of exposure to these chemicals may cause harm.
The best action plan is to check all currently at home and check all products before purchase.
One of my favorite resources is The Environmental Working Group. Visit ewg.org for consumer guides on sunscreen, personal care products, and more.
Academy members, make sure and join me for office hours on May 10 when I talk about this problem more in-depth.
If you are interested in learning more about Functional Medicine, start here.
