Dirinaria applanata
| Dirinaria applanata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Caliciales |
| Family: | Caliciaceae |
| Genus: | Dirinaria |
| Species: | D. applanata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D.Awasthi (1970)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Dirinaria applanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae.[2] It has a wide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.
Taxonomy[edit]
The lichen was formally described as a new species, Parmelia applanata, by Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée in 1825.[3] Dharani Dhar Awasthi transferred it to the Dirinaria in 1970.[4]
Chemistry[edit]
Chemical analysis of Dirinaria applanata lead to the discovery of nine unique compounds. This includes a novel hopane derivative known as 1β-acetoxy-21α-hopane-3β,22-diol. Alongside this, researchers have identified six phenolic compounds: divaricatinic acid, methyl divaricatinate, methyl-β-orcinolcarboxylate, methyl haematommate, divarinol, and ramalinic acid A. Additionally, two xanthones, namely lichexanthone and 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone, were also isolated.[5]
Species interactions[edit]
A fungus newly described in 2023, Cylindromonium dirinariae, was reported as a lichenicolous fungus with Dirinaria applanata as its host. This nectrioid fungus forms a pinkish colony with mainly solitary phialides producing ellipsoid, aseptate conidia in mucoid packets.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ "GSD Species Synonymy. Current Name: Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi, J. Indian bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ Fée, Antoine Laurent Apollinaire (1825). Essai sur les cryptogames des écorces exotiques officinales (in French). Paris: Firmin Didot père et fils. p. 126.
- ^ Awasthi, D.D.; Agarwal, M.R. (1970). "An enumeration of lichens from the tropical and subtropical regions of Darjeeling District, India". Journal of the Indian Botanical Society. 49: 122–136.
- ^ Nguyen, Trong Tuan (2019). "A new hopane derivative from the lichen Dirinaria applanata". Natural Product Research. 35 (7): 1167–1171. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1644511.
- ^ Ohmaki, A.; Okane, I.; Crous, P.W.; Verkley, G.J.M. (2023). "Cylindromonium dirinariae sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), a new nectrioid lichenicolous species on Dirinaria applanata in Japan". Fungal Systematics and Evolution. 11: 1–10. doi:10.3114/fuse.2023.11.01. PMC 10353293. PMID 37469937.