Gunniopsis septifraga
| Green pigface | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gunniopsis septifraga near Binnu | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Aizoaceae |
| Genus: | Gunniopsis |
| Species: | G. septifraga
|
| Binomial name | |
| Gunniopsis septifraga | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Gunniopsis septifraga, commonly known as green pigface,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a prostrate to tuft-forming annual herb, with oblong to lance-shaped leaves and small greenish flowers, that grows around salt lakes.
Description[edit]
Gunniopsis septifrage is a prostrate to tuft-forming, ephemeral, annual herb that typically grows to 5 cm (2.0 in) high and 15 cm (5.9 in) wide. It has thick, yellow, glabrous to sparsely hairy stems and oblong to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long and 1–5 mm (0.039–0.197 in) wide. The flowers are arranged singly and sessile, or on a short pedicel, with the perianth 2.5–6 mm (0.098–0.236 in) long and fused for about one-third of its length with four triangular lobes. The inside of the perianth is green and the outside greenish yellow, the lobes usually alternating with four stamens. Flowering occurs from July to October and the fruit is a capsule that is more or less spherical with a cylindrical tip, and contains wrinkled, white to transparent, comma-shaped seeds.[3][4][5][6]
Taxonomy[edit]
This species was first formally described as Gunnia septifraga by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859 in Report on the Plants Collected During Mr. Babbage's Expedition into the North West Interior of South Australia in 1858, presented to the Parliament of Victoria. The type specimens were collected near "Stuart's Creek" by Joseph Herrgott.[7][8]
In 1867 George Bentham described Gunnia drummondii in Flora Australiensis[9][10] but both Gunnia septifraga and G. drummondii were later reclassified as Neogunnia septifraga and N. drummondii by Ferdinand Pax and Käthe Hoffmann in Adolf Engler and Karl Anton Eugen Prantl's 1934 work Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien.[11][12]
In 1983, Robert Chinnock changed the name Neogunnia saxifraga to Gunniopsis saxifraga in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, the genus Gunniopsis having been described in 1889 by Pax. Chinnock considered Neogunnia drummondii to be a synonym of N. saxifraga and that interpretation is accepted by the Australian Plant Census.[4][13][14] The specific epithet (septifraga) means to break and refers to how the seed pod breaks open.[2][15]
Distribution[edit]
Green pigface grows in extremely saline situations, around the edges and in the damp bottoms of salt lakes and salt pans, often forming dense patches around Tecticornia shrubs. It occurs in the Mid West, Wheatbelt and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia and in arid inland areas of the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales.[3][4][5]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Gunniopsis septifraga". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ a b "Gunniopsis septifraga (Aizoaceae) Green Pigface". Seeds of South Australia. South Australian Seed Conservation Service. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ a b "Gunniopsis septifraga (F.Muell.) Chinnock". PlantNET. National Herbarium of New South Wales. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
- ^ a b c Chinnock, Robert (1983). "The Australian Genus Gunniopsis Pax (Aizoaceae)". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 6 (2): 172–174.
- ^ a b "Gunniopsis septifraga". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ Venning, Julianne. "Gunniopsis septifraga". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Gunnia septifraga". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). Report on the Plants Collected During Mr Babbage's Expedition into the North Weste Interior of South Australia in 1858. Melbourne: Government Printer. p. 9. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Gunnia drummondii". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ Bentham, George (1867). Flora Australiensis. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. pp. 327–328. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Neogunnia septifraga". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Neogunnia drummondii". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Gunniopsis". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ Ferdinand Pax (1889). Adolf Engler; Karl Anton Eugen Prantl (eds.). Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. p. 44. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 305. ISBN 9780958034180.