Holothuria flavomaculata
| Holothuria flavomaculata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Holothuroidea |
| Order: | Holothuriida |
| Family: | Holothuriidae |
| Genus: | Holothuria |
| Species: | H. flavomaculata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Holothuria flavomaculata Semper, 1868
| |
Holothuria flavomaculata, also known as the red snakefish, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Holothuriidae. The cucumber is found in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and the South Pacific.[1]
Description[edit]
The entire body is dark grey, bluish-black, brownish-red to black, with notable pinkish, orangy, or reddish tips to the many big papillae and yellowish tentacles—an elongated sea cucumber, rather huge.[2]
Observation[edit]
Holothuria flavomaculata were only seen at night, in contrast to other sea cucumbers found during the day or both during the night—average length: 35 cm; maximum length: 60 cm.[3] Most Holothuria genus have different eating period, although H.flavomaculata are continuously eating.[4] Promoting and creating sustainable management and conservation programs for Pohnpei State's natural resources has fallen to the recently founded non-governmental organization, the Conservation Society of Pohnpei (CSP). One of CSP's ongoing projects is creating a management plan and marine conservation area for Lenger Island. The development and implementation of a sustainable aquatic resource management plan, a sustainable terrestrial management plan, community-based management structures, alternative income-generating activities, public awareness, training, and education programs, and steps to increase community capacity to manage a conservation area are the objectives of the Lenger Island conservation program. The study involved the observation of fifteen different species of sea cucumbers, including Bohadschia argus, Stichopus chloronotus, Holothuria nobilis , H. horrens, Holothuria edulis, Holothuria fuscopunctata, H. flavomaculata, Thelenota ananas, Stichopus, Actinopyga palauensis, and Actinopyga miliaris. Their population density suggests that, at least on the reefs under study, previous commercial harvesting has not significantly depleted population stocks. It should be mentioned that most commercially essential species prefer environments absent from Pohnpei's coastal islands.[5]
Habitat[edit]
They usually live in places covered in muck, sand, or coral debris and exist in water depths of 1 to 40 meters.[6]
Exploitation[edit]
This species is harvested commercially in Palau, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu in the western central Pacific.[7]
Geographical Distribution[edit]
The western central Pacific and the Indian Ocean, reported from the Federated States of Micronesia, New Caledonia, Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands, the Red Sea, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, China, the Philippines, Australia, and Clipperton Island to French Polynesia.[8]
References[edit]
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Holothuria flavomaculata Semper, 1868". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
- ^ Purcell, Steven W.; Samyn, Yves; Conand, C. (2012). Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world. FAO species catalogue for fishery purposes. Rome: FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106719-2.
- ^ Gieben, Hans (1922). "Philippine Tenebrionidae II". The Philippine Journal of Science. 19: 439–515. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.1233. ISSN 0031-7683.
- ^ Jones, Owen Arthur. Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs V2: Biology 1. ISBN 978-0-12-395526-5.
- ^ Gaudechoux, Jean-Paul (October–December 2002). "SPC Fisheries Newsletter #103" (PDF). Fisheries Newsletter (103): 40.
- ^ Purcell, Steven W.; Samyn, Yves; Conand, C. (2012). Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world. FAO species catalogue for fishery purposes. Rome: FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106719-2.
- ^ Purcell, Steven W.; Samyn, Yves; Conand, C. (2012). Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world. FAO species catalogue for fishery purposes. Rome: FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106719-2.
- ^ Purcell, Steven W.; Samyn, Yves; Conand, C. (2012). Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world. FAO species catalogue for fishery purposes. Rome: FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106719-2.
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