Tree
Erythrina variegata L.
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Chirocalyx candolleanus Walp. |
synonym | Chirocalyx divaricatus Walp. |
synonym | Chirocalyx indicus Walp. |
synonym | Chirocalyx pictus Walp. |
synonym | Corallodendron divaricatum (Moc. & Sesse)Kuntze |
synonym | Corallodendron orientale (L.)Kuntze |
synonym | Corallodendron spathaceum (DC.)Kuntze |
synonym | Erythrina alba Cogn. & Marchal |
synonym | Erythrina boninensis Tuyama |
synonym | Erythrina carnea Blanco |
synonym | Erythrina corallodendron Lour. |
synonym | Erythrina corallodendron var. orientalis L. |
synonym | Erythrina divaricata DC. |
synonym | Erythrina humeana Sensu R.Vig. |
synonym | Erythrina indica Lam. |
synonym | Erythrina indica var. alba W.S.Millard & Blatt. |
synonym | Erythrina indica var. fastigiata Guill. |
synonym | Erythrina indica var. orientalis (L.)Merr. |
synonym | Erythrina lithosperma Miq. |
synonym | Erythrina lobulata Miq. |
synonym | Erythrina loueiri G.Don |
synonym | Erythrina loureiri G.Don |
synonym | Erythrina loureirii G.Don |
synonym | Erythrina marmorata Planch. |
synonym | Erythrina mysorensis Gamble |
synonym | Erythrina orientalis (L.)Merr. |
synonym | Erythrina parcelli Hort. |
synonym | Erythrina parcellii W.Bull |
synonym | Erythrina phlebocarpa Bailey |
synonym | Erythrina picta L. |
synonym | Erythrina rostrata Ridl. |
synonym | Erythrina spathacea DC. |
synonym | Erythrina variegata var. orientalis (L.)Merr. |
synonym | Gelala alba Rumph. |
synonym | Gelala litorea Rumph. |
synonym | Tetradapa javanorum Osbeck |
🗒 Common Names
Assamese |
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English |
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Hin |
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Hindi |
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Kannada |
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Malayalam |
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Manipuri |
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Other |
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Tamil |
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📚 Overview
Description
Deciduous tree; bark yellowish or greenish-grey, smooth, peeling off in papery flakes; blaze yellow; prickles black on branches, falling after a few years. Leaves trifoliate, alternate; stipules small, lateral; rachis 17-21 cm, slender, pulvinate, glabrous; stipels gland-like; petiolule 7-10 mm, stout, glabrous; leaflet 10-13.5 x 8.5-12.5 cm, widely ovate, rhomboid or deltoid-ovate, base truncate or obtuse, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, membranous; 3 ribbed from base; lateral nerves 4-7 pairs, pinnate, prominent, ascending, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, bright red, in dense racemes; calyx spathaceous, oblique, recurved, split to the base on one side, 5-toothed at the tip; petals 5, sessile, standard 6.5×2.5 cm, oblong-elliptic, apex obtuse, wings 1.5 x 1 cm, obovate, keel 1. 5 x 1.7 cm, oblong-falcate, free; stamens 10, monadelphous, alternately longer and shorter, vexillary filament free; anthers uniform; ovary stipitate, inferior, pubescent,1-celled, ovules many; style curved, subulate at the apex, not bearded; stigma capitate. Fruit a pod 15-30.5 cm long, torulose, constricted between seeds, dehiscent; seeds 6-8.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Erythrina variegata leaf
Bark grey with black prickles, bark of the young branches greyish green, branches soft and lighter. Leaves compound with large 3-leaflets, Flowers red or orange in dense clusters, leafless while blooming/flowering.
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Habit: Tree
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Cyclicity
Flowering and fruiting: March-April
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Leaf Fall
February--April
Flowering
March--April
Fruiting
May--July
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Reproduction
Propagation Techniques
Direct sowing of seeds.
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Dispersal
Dispersers
Dispersers: Self
Pollinators
Pollinators: Bird,Rodent
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Size
Seed Size
1.7 cm.
Tree Height
12 m.
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Growth
High
Competitiveness
Poor
Where To Plant
Field border,Avenue
Growth Rate
fast growing
Drought Tolerance
Moderate
Drainage
Moderate
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Morphology
Growth Form
Tree
Bilvapatre-like leaf
Tree Type
Deciduous
Canopy
Semi
Leaf Type
Bilvapatre like
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Miscellaneous Details
Notes: Plains to Low Altitude, also Cultivated
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Interesting Facts
Used as a live support for betel vines. Leaves fed to cows to increase milk yield. High quality green manure and mulch.
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Forests
Dry deciduous forests, widely grown as pepper stand and for fencing
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Andhra Pradesh,assam, Kerala, Maharastra, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh
Indian Distribution
Kamrup
Global Distribution
Indo-Malesia, China and Africa
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Maharashtra: Kolhapur
Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, N. Kanara, Shimoga
Kerala: All districts
Tamil Nadu: All districts
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Erythrina variegata map
Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharastra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Assam.
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Endemic Distribution
Nativity
Native
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Category
Least Concern
Not Evaluated
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda
Folk medicine
Siddha
Sowa-Rigpa
System Of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Sowa-Rigpa, Siddha
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911
Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Medicinal :
Medicinal : Leaf,Seed
Food:
Food: Inedible
Fodder:
Fodder: Goat,Cattle
Fuelwood:
Poor fuelwood
Pest Management:
Pest management: Seed
Services And Uses
Nitrogen fixing, Wind break, Live fence
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984
- Erythrina indica Lam., Encycl. 2: 391. 1786; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 188. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 353(249). 1918; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 142. 1988.
- Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis (L.) Merr., Interpr. Herb. Amboin. 276. 1917; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 90. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 150. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 131. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 186. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 143. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 97. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 94. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 224. 2009.
- Erythrina variegata L. in Stickman, Herb. Amboin. 10. 1754; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 161. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 105. 1995. 1995; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 291. 2009.
Information Listing > References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984
- Erythrina indica Lam., Encycl. 2: 391. 1786; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 188. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 353(249). 1918; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 142. 1988.
- Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis (L.) Merr., Interpr. Herb. Amboin. 276. 1917; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 90. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 150. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 131. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 186. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 143. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 97. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 94. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 224. 2009.
- Erythrina variegata L. in Stickman, Herb. Amboin. 10. 1754; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 161. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 105. 1995. 1995; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 291. 2009.
The importance of trans-boundary conservation of the Asiatic Elephant Elephas maximus in Patharia Hills Reserve Forest, northeastern India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaEarly stages and larval host plants of some northeastern Indian butterflies
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Journal of Threatened TaxaFoliicolous fungi on medicinal plants in Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala, India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaFloristic diversity of the Indian Cardamom Research Institute campus, Myladumpara, Western Ghats, India
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Journal of Threatened TaxaNo Data
📚 Meta data
Meta data
Erythrina-variegata_map.tif
Erythrina indica_LC.tif
6 Bilvapatre-like leaf.tif
Erythrina indica_LC.tif
6 Bilvapatre-like leaf.tif
Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Attributions | Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Fabales |
Family | Fabaceae |
Genus | Erythrina |
Species | Erythrina variegata L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups