Skip to content
Login
India Biodiversity Portal
India Biodiversity Portal
SpeciesMapsDocuments

Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)

Accepted
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
/Himantura uarnak/144.jpg
/Himantura uarnak/748.gif
/Himantura uarnak/743.jpg
/Himantura uarnak/757.gif
/Himantura uarnak/6.jpg
/Himantura uarnak/242.jpg
🗒 Synonyms
synonymDasyatis favus (non Annandale, 1909)
synonymDasyatis gerrardi (non Gray, 1851)
synonymDasyatis jenkinsii (non Annandale, 1909)
synonymDasyatis uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
synonymDasybatus uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
synonymHimantura gerrardi (non Gray, 1851)
synonymHimantura punctata (Günther, 1870)
synonymHimantura toshi (non Whitley, 1939)
synonymRaja sephen var. uarnak Forsskål, 1775
synonymRaja uarnak Gmelin, 1789
synonymTrygon gerrardi (non Gray, 1851)
synonymTrygon punctata Günther, 1870
synonymTrygon uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)
🗒 Common Names
Bengali
  • Shankar-machh
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian
  • Madi
English
  • Banded Whiptail Stingray
  • Honeycombed Stingray
  • Leopard Stingray
  • Marbled Sting Ray
Gujarati
  • Boor
  • Tarabla
  • Warkhol Patari
  • તરાબલા
  • બુર
  • વરખોલ પટરી
Kannada
  • Belya
  • ಬೆಲ್ಯ
Malayalam
  • Thirandi
  • തിരണ്ടി
Marathi
  • Bhatya
  • Waghya-pakat
  • Whaghya Pakat
  • भातिया
  • वाघया पाकात
Oriya
  • Sankush
  • Shankar
Other
  • Madi
Tamil
  • சனக்கா தீருக்கே
Telugu
  • Puli-tenke
  • Pulli-thirukkai
  • Sona-kah-tirike
  • పులి టెంకీ
  • పుల్లి తిరుక్కయి
  • సేనకా టిరికె
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Freshwater, Brackish, Marine
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
Contributors 
Thomas Vattakaven
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY_NC
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
    Description
    Huge stingray with conspicuous dark spots on a light brown disc; spots well-spaced in young but crowded to form reticulated pattern in adult; white ventrally; tail marked with bands of black and white; snout sharply pointed; disc with narrowly rounded outer corners, and tail long, slender and nearly three times body length when intact, with no caudal finfolds; disc without thorns but with band of flat denticles along midback (in adults); usually 1 medium-sized sting on tail .
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
    No Data
    📚 Natural History
    Life Cycle
    Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Distinct pairing with embrace . Distinct pairing with embrace . Bears 3 to 5 young in the summer . Size at birth about 21 (Ref.58048) - 28 cm WD .
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
    Migration
    Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
    Size
    Max Length

    200 WD (unsexed) 

    Size

    200 cm WD (male/unsexed; ); max. published weight: 120.0 kg

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    Trophic Strategy
    Common off sandy beaches and in shallow estuaries and lagoons; also found in sandy areas of coral reefs . Found on the continental shelf . Also offshore down to 50 m depth . May enter fresh water . Feeds on small fishes, bivalves, crabs, shrimps and worms.
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Fricke, R. 1999 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Reunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
    No Data
    📚 Habitat and Distribution
    General Habitat

    Habitat

    Marine
    Marine
    Habitat reef-associated; amphidromous ; brackish; marine; depth range 20 - 50 m
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.
    Description
    Remark

    Found along the coast, Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar

    Occurrence

    native 

    Distribution

    Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea (and eastern Mediterranean via Suez Canal) to southern Africa and French Polynesia, north to Taiwan, south to Australia. Also in the Arafura Sea . Collected from the estuary of the River Ganges . This name has been used for a number of similar spotted species . Probably a species complex . Its identity has been confused in many publications and Micronesian specimens should be re-examined .

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    No Data
    📚 Occurrence
    No Data
    📚 Demography and Conservation
    Conservation Status

    IUCN Red List Category

    Vulnerable
    Vulnerable
    Not Evaluated IUCN 2006
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
    No Data
    📚 Uses and Management
    Uses
    fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=5507, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    No Data
    📚 Information Listing
    References
    Overview > Diagnostic > Diagnostic Keys
    1. Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
    Overview > Diagnostic > Description
    1. Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
    Natural History > Life Cycle
    1. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
    Natural History > Migration
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
    Natural History > Size
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    Natural History > Trophic Strategy
    1. Fricke, R. 1999 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Reunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
    Habitat and Distribution > General Habitat
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.
    Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status
    1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
    Uses and Management > Uses
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    No Data
    📚 Meta data
    No Data
    🐾 Taxonomy
    RootRoot
    KingdomAnimalia
    PhylumChordata
    ClassElasmobranchii
    OrderMyliobatiformes
    FamilyDasyatidae
    GenusHimantura
    SpeciesHimantura uarnak (Gmelin 1789)
    📊 Temporal Distribution
    📷 Related Observations
    👥 Groups
    India Biodiversity PortalIndia Biodiversity Portal
    Powered byBiodiversity Informatics Platform - v4.2.1
    Technology PartnerStrand Life Sciences