Flowering class: Dicot
Habit: Shrub
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Helicteres brevior Mill. |
| synonym | Helicteres chrysocalyx Miq. ex Mast. |
| synonym | Helicteres grewiifolia DC. |
| synonym | Helicteres macrophylla Wight ex Wight & Arn. |
| synonym | Helicteres roxburghii G. Don |
| synonym | Isora corylifolia Schott & Endl. |
🗒 Common Names
| Bengali |
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| English |
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| Hin |
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| Hindi |
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| Irula |
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| Kannada |
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| Malayalam |
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| Marathi |
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| Oriya |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Description
Large shrubs or small trees; bark pale greyish, finely wrinkled; young shoots stellate- tomentose. Leaves 5-12 x 3-8 cm, obovate to suborbicular, base cordate, margin irregularly crenate- serrate, apex acute or acuminate, 3-5-nerved at the base, scabrous above and stellately tomentose below; petioles to 1.2 cm long. Flowers axillary, solitary or in few-flowered cymes; bracts 2-3 mm long, linear, 2 brown glands present in the axil of bracts; pedicel to 6 mm long. Calyx slightly yellow, persistent, tubular, splitting in to 5 irregular lobes; tube 1.5-2 cm long , densely stellate hairy without. Petals 5, unequal, 2-2.5 cm long, obovate, clawed, crimson, fading to pale blue. Staminal column 3-3.5 cm long, cylindric; stamens 10 ; staminodes 5. Ovary 2-2.5 mm long, placed at tip of gynophore, 5-lobed, 5-celled; ovules many; style 5; stigma subulate. Follicles 5, 4-6 cm long, spirally twisted, stellate-tomentose, beaked. Seeds 2-3 mm long, angular, black, wrinkled.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: Large Shrub
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: A large shrub, upto 3m.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Morphology
Growth Form
Shrub
Flower
In axillary cymes; red, fading to lead colour. Flowering from September-December.
Fruit
A beaked, spirally twisted follicle, stellate tomentose; seeds numerous, wrinkled, truncate. Fruiting from December-March.
Field tips
Leaves obliquely cordate, 3-nerved from base.
Leaf Arrangement
Alternate -distichous
Leaf Type
Simple
Leaf Shape
Obovate or orbicular
Leaf Apex
Rotund-subacute
Leaf Base
Subcordate-subacute
Leaf Margin
Irregularly serrulate
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Miscellaneous Details
Notes: Deciduous forests also in plantations and Plains
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
The barks give a coarse fibre and wood used for fuel.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Deciduous forests, also in plantations and plains
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Common on the deciduous slopes by forest clearing. Hills 400-1200m. Indian subcontinent, Malay peninsula, Sri Lanka, Australia.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Maharashtra: Common throughout
Karnataka: Belgaum, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara, Shimoga, S. Kanara
Kerala: All districts
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Global Distribution
Indo-Malesia, China and Australia
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Found in deciduous forests from 400-1200m. Common. Indian subcontinent, Malay Peninsula and Australia.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda
Folk medicine
Siddha
Unani
Traditional chinese medicine
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
System Of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Unani, Siddha, Traditional chinese medicine
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1116
| Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1116 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
The bark gives a coarse fibre and wood for fuel.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Helicteres isora L., Sp. Pl. 963. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 365. 1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 107(77). 1915; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 51. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 93. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 80. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 31. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 67. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 81. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 79. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 89. 1990; K.C. Malick in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 426. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 85. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 41. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12, 19; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 66. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 42. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 99. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 36. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 41. 1999; Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 27. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 33. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 107. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 94. 2005; V. Chithra in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 456. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 137. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 162. 2009.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1116
- Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984, Flora of Maharastra State Dicotyledones, Vol I, Lakshminarasimhan P. & Prasanna P. V, 2000,
Information Listing > References
- Helicteres isora L., Sp. Pl. 963. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 365. 1874; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 107(77). 1915; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 51. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 93. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 80. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 31. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 67. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 81. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 79. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 89. 1990; K.C. Malick in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 426. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 85. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 41. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12, 19; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 66. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 42. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 99. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 36. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 41. 1999; Pradeep, Fl. Vellarimala 27. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 33. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 107. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 94. 2005; V. Chithra in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 456. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 137. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 162. 2009.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1116
- Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984, Flora of Maharastra State Dicotyledones, Vol I, Lakshminarasimhan P. & Prasanna P. V, 2000,
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Journal of Threatened TaxaNew distribution records of Elegant Water Shrew Nectogale elegans Milne-Edwards, 1870 (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from the western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaFirst record of migratory Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani Blyth, 1844 (Aves: Passeriformes: Emberizidae) as a winter visitor in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
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Journal of Threatened TaxaIchthyofauna of Udayasamudram Reservoir in Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India
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Journal of Threatened TaxaA first record of the Bentfin Devil Ray Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908) (Myliobatiformes: Mobulidae) from the Indian EEZ of the Andaman Sea
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SJ
Siddarth Jude MachadoNo Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
| Order | Malvales Juss. |
| Family | Malvaceae Juss. |
| Genus | Helicteres |
| Species | Helicteres isora L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
