Time–calibrated phylogeny recovered from the Bayesian analysis.
N = 211 specimens representing 48 (45 Gymnotinae, one Electrophorinae, two outgroups) species. Colors of clades as follows: red = Gymnotus, orange = Tijax, Yellow = Tigre, green = Tigrinus, blue = Lamontianus, purple = Pantherus, grey = Electrophorus, black = outgroups. Inset depicts the documented geographic ranges of each subgenus. Nodes color coded to indicate posterior values, with larger, darker circles representing higher support and smaller, lighter circles indicating lower support.
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