Dr. Linwood R. Haith Jr., a critical care and burn surgeon with Crozer-Keystone Health System, frequently treats patients with Stevens Johnson Syndrome.
Haith compares SJS-related skin damage to superficial second-degree burns. Burn centers have the expertise to treat these types of wounds and complications that may arise, he says.
Crozer's Nathan Speare Regional Burn Treatment Center, Upland, typically treats a couple of SJS patients per month, including some from Lancaster.
Haith answers common questions about SJS:
What drugs are most often associated with SJS?
Penicillin; sulfa drugs (antibiotics), including Bactrim; anticonvulsants, including Dilantin and Lamictal.
What are the symptoms?
People may have malaise and fever. They may notice a rash with small blisters on the torso and extremities. The rash may spread to other parts of the body and be associated with larger blisters. It can affect the mouth, eyes and anal area.
How is SJS treated?
The most important thing to do if you suspect SJS is to stop taking the drug and seek medical attention immediately. There have been some reports that very early administration of steroids may avert the reaction. Some other drugs have been attempted, but there are no good evidence-based studies to show they work.
What is the prognosis?
SJS may be fatal in severe cases. Prognosis depends on age, general health, percent of the body affected and other factors.
What are the lingering complications?
Many patients develop eye problems. They may lose their fingernails and toenails (or have) significant skin sensitivity for a good while.
Flare-ups are rare, but we have seen it happen. Doctors will tell patients to stay away from the medication that caused the reaction. But it's not a perfect world.
Is there anything people can do to prevent SJS?
I don't think anyone has found a good predictive tool. If a person has a strong family history of certain allergies, such as penicillin or sulfa, they should be aware. If they have any signs of rash or fever that could be the side effect of a drug, they need to contact a doctor as soon as possible.
