Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chloroplast pigments of the marine dinoflagellateGyrodinium resplendens

  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

The photosynthetic marine dinoflagellate,Gyrodinium resplendens, was grown axenically and harvested during logarithmic growth for analysis of its lipid-soluble pigments. Chlorophylla and 8 carotenoids were isolated from the methanol and acetone extract by column and thin-layer chromatography. Chlorophyllc was isolated by partitioning the total extract between saline aqueous acetone and hexane.

Absorption spectra taken in hexane, ethanol, methanol and carbon disulfide confirm the presence of β-carotene, peridinin, dinoxanthin and diadinoxanthin as major carotenoids.

Four new minor xanthophylls are also described, one of which, namedpyrrhoxanthin, resembles an alkali-labile keto-epoxide. At least one of the minor xanthophylls occurs as an ester.

Diadinoxanthin fromGyrodinium and antheraxanthin fromEuglena gracilis seem to be identical with respect to absorption curves, polarity, number of 5, 6-epoxy groups and lack of allylic hydroxyl groups; however, co-chromatography of stereoisomers after iodine-isomerization showed slight differences.

Most of the carotenoids are further characterized here by their partition ratios between hexane and 95% methanol. Several of the carotenoids were tested for the presence of 5, 6-epoxy and allylic hydroxyl groups. Four of the pigments, comprising 91% of the total carotenoids are revealed as 5,6-monoepoxides by their instability toward dilute acid. One carotenoid resembles a diepoxide

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Schütt, F., Ber. deutsch. botan. Ges.8, 9–32 (1890).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Strain, H. H., W. M. Manning and G. Hardin, Biol. Bull.86, 169–191 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Pinckard, J. H., J. S. Kittredge, D. L. Fox, F. T. Haxo and L. Zechmeister, Arch. Biochem. Biophys.44, 189–199 (1953).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Mackinney, G., J. Biol. Chem.132, 91–109 (1940).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Jeffrey, S. W., Biochem. J.80, 336–342 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Smith, J. H. C., and A. Benitez, in “Modern Methoden der Pflanzenanalyse” (Paech, K. and M. V. Tracey, eds.), Vol. 4, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Göttingen and Heidelberg, 1955, p. 142–196.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Heilbron, I. M., H. Jackson and R. N. Jones, Biochem. J.29, 1384–1388 (1935).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Haxo, F. T., and D. C. Fork, Nature184, 1051–1052 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Parsons, T. R., J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.18, 1017–1025 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sweeney, B. M., F. T. Haxo and J. W. Hastings, J. Gen. Physiol.43, 285–299 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Riley, J. P. and T. R. S. Wilson, J. Marine Biol. Assoc. U. K.45, 583–591 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bunt, J. S., Nature203, 1261–1263 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Fox, D. L., D. M. Updegraff and G. D. Novelli, Arch. Biochem.5, 1–23 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Provasoli, L., Proc. Internat. Seaweed Symp.4, 9–17 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shibata, K., A. A. Benson and M. Calvin, Biochim. Biophys. Acta15, 461–470 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Petracek, F. J., and L. Zechmeister, Anal. Chem.28, 1484–1485 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Davies, B. H., in “Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments” (T. W. Goodwin, ed.), Academic Press, London and New York, 1965, p. 489–532.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Chapman, D. J., and F. T. Haxo, Plant Cell Physiol.4, 57–63 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Subbarayan, C., F. B. Jungalwala and H. R. Cama, Anal. Biochem.12, 275–281 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Krinsky, N. I., Anal. Biochem.6, 293–302 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Thomas, D. M., and T. W. Goodsin, J. Phycol.1, 118–121 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Krinsky, N. I., and T. H. Goldsmith, Arch. Biochem.91, 271–279 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Chapman, D. J., and F. T. Haxo, J. Phycol.2, 89–91 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Karrer, P., and A. Oswald, Helv. Chim. Acta18, 1303–1305 (1935).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Tappi, G., and P. Karrer, Helv. Chim. Acta32, 50–55 (1949).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Leadbeater, B., and J. D. Dodge, Br. Phycol. Bull.3, 1–17 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Bonnett, R., A. K. Mallams, J. L. Tee, B. C. L. Weedon and A. McCormick Chem. Comm.1966, 515–516 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Strickland, J. D. H., and T. R. Parson, Fish. Res. Bd. Can. Bull.125, 1–203 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Jeffrey, S. W., J. Ulrich and M. B. Allen, Biochem. Biophys. Acta112, 35–44 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Parsons, T. R., K. Stephens and J. D. H. Strickland, J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.18, 1001–1016 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. McAllister, C. D., N. Shah and J. D. H. Strickland, J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.21, 159–181 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Heilbron, I. M., and B. Lythgoe, J. Chem. Soc. 1376–1380 (1936).

  33. Jensen, A., Acta Chem. Scand.15, 1605–1607 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Schimmer, B. P., and N. I. Krinsky, Biochemistry5, 3649–3657 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Riley, J. P., and T. R. S. Wilson, J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K.47, 351–362 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Biology, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California

    Alfred R. Loeblich III & V. Elliott Smith

Authors
  1. Alfred R. Loeblich III
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Elliott Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

About this article

Cite this article

Loeblich, A.R., Smith, V.E. Chloroplast pigments of the marine dinoflagellateGyrodinium resplendens . Lipids 3, 5–13 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02530961

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02530961

Keywords

Search

Navigation