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Microbiota composition of captive bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839)

  • Applied microbial and cell physiology
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Abstract

The Labroides dimidiatus is one of the most traded marine ornamental fishes worldwide, yet not much is known about the microflora associated with this fish. This study is designed to investigate the bacteria composition associated with captive L. dimidiatus and its surrounding aquarium water. The fish and carriage water were obtained from well-known ornamental fish suppliers in Terengganu Malaysia. Bacteria present on the skin and in the stomach and the aquarium water were enumerated using culture-independent approaches and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. A total of 3,238,564 valid reads and 828 total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from the three metagenomic libraries using NGS analysis. Of all the 15 phyla identified in this study, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were the most prevalent in all samples. Also, 170 families belonging to 36 bacteria classes were identified. Although many of the bacteria families were common in the skin, gut, and aquarium water (39%), about 26% of the families were exclusive to the aquarium water alone. Therefore, any substantial change in the structure and abundance of microbiota (especially pathogenic bacteria) reported in this study may serve as an early sign for disease infection in the species under captivity.

Key points

• Proteobacteria was the most dominant.

• The microbiota was either shared or exclusively in samples.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express appreciation to the Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Research and Biosystem Laboratory, School of Fisheries and Food Sciences, University Malaysia Terengganu, for providing the laboratory facilities for this study. The authors would like to thank Miss Nor Aiffa Wahyu Abu Bakar and the staff of Net loft for their assistance in the sample collection.

Funding

This research was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Ahmad Ashyikin Noor Nurul & Nur Ariffin Asma

  2. Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Abdullah Muhd Danish-Daniel

  3. Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Victor Tosin Okomoda & Nur Ariffin Asma

  4. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Agriculture Makurdi, PMB, 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

    Victor Tosin Okomoda

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  1. Ahmad Ashyikin Noor Nurul
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  2. Abdullah Muhd Danish-Daniel
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  3. Victor Tosin Okomoda
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  4. Nur Ariffin Asma
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Contributions

NSA, MDDA, and OVT conceptualized and designed the study, and NANA experimented and collected the needed data. OVT also wrote the draft of the manuscript. All the authors reviewed the manuscript and approved it for submission.

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Correspondence to Victor Tosin Okomoda or Nur Ariffin Asma.

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The experimental protocols for this study were approved by the Universiti Malaysia Terengganu committee on research. All prescribed international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Nurul, A.A.N., Danish-Daniel, A.M., Okomoda, V.T. et al. Microbiota composition of captive bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104, 7391–7407 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10781-y

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