Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reproduction and sexual dimorphism of daubed shanny (Teleostei: Leptoclinus maculatus) in Svalbard waters

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Polar Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The daubed shanny Leptoclinus maculatus is a relatively common fish species in Svalbard waters, but little is known about its reproduction. In total, 207 specimens (76 females, 131 males) were collected and examined. Gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic indices were significantly higher in females (mean 2.8 and 2.7%, respectively) than males (mean 0.3 and 1.8%) in all seasons. The GSI of females was highest during autumn and winter (18.5%) while the GSI of males was highest in winter (1.7%). Females become sexually mature at 125 mm standard length (SL) and 7 years of age while males become sexually mature at similar length and 6 years of age. The number of oocytes in gonads increased with SL and age and comprised two groups: (1) 115–124 mm SL, 5–7 g gutted weight (GW) and 5–6 years of age with potential fecundity of 950–1850 oocytes, (2) 125–134 mm SL, 7–9 g GW and 7–12 years of age with 1250–2800 oocytes. The daubed shanny seems to spawn all its ripe oocytes during one spawning event each year. Fish become sexually dimorphic after maturation, and differences in sexual morphology are likely linked to reproduction, with female parental care and territorial defence for males. The reproductive strategy of daubed shanny is characterized by late maturation, relatively low fecundity and large size of offspring, i.e. large investment in relatively few offspring.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andriyashev AP (1954) Fishes of the northern seas of the U.S.S.R. Keys to the fauna of the U.S.S.R. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR, Zoologicheskiĭ institut Akademii nauk SSSR 53 (in Russian). (Translated from Russian by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations). Jerusalem 1964, pp 266–269

  • Antonenko DV, Pushchina OI, Kalchugin PV (2004) Distribution and biological features of the Long-snouted blenny Lumpenella longirostris (Stichaeidae) in waters of Primorye (the Sea of Japan). J Ichthyol 44:747–751

    Google Scholar 

  • Balanov AA, Zhemukhov VV, Antonenko DV (2011) Leptoclinus maculatus diaphanocarus (Schmidt, 1904) (Zoarcoidei: Stichaeidae) in the northern Japan Sea. J Ichthyol 51:188–194 (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Baylis JR (1981) The evolution of parental care in fishes, with reference to Darwin’s rule of male sexual selection. Environ Biol Fish 6:223–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blumer LS (1982) A bibliography and categorization of bony fishes exhibiting parental care. Zool J Linn Soc 76:1–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks S, Tyler CR, Sumpter JP (1997) Egg quality in fish: what makes a good egg? Rev Fish Biol Fish 7:387–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Byrkjedal I, Høynes Å (2007) Distribution of demersal fish in the south-western Barents Sea. Pol Res 26:135–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CARE (Committee of Age Reading Experts) (2000) Manual on generalised age determination procedures for groundfish. http://care.psmfc.org/docs/CareManual2006.pdf

  • Christiansen JS (2017) No future for Euro-Arctic ocean fishes? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 575:217–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen JS, Fevolden SE, Karamushko OV, Karamushko LI (1998) Maternal output in polar fish reproduction. In: di Prisco G, Posano E, Clark A (eds) Fishes of antarctica. A biological overview. Springer, Milan, pp 41–52

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Coad BW, Waszczuk HI, Labignansd I (1995) Encyclopaedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc., Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman RM (1992) Reproductive biology and female parental care in the cockscomb prickleback, Anoplarchus purpurescens. Environ Biol Fish 35:177–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • COSEWIC (Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada) (2003) COSEWIC Assessment and update status report on the pighead prickleback (Acantholumpenus mackayi) in Canada. http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/CW69-14-356-2004E.pdf

  • Dolgov AV (1994) Some aspects of biology of non-target fish species in the Barents Sea. ICES C.M. 12:23

    Google Scholar 

  • Falk-Petersen S, Falk-Petersen I-B, Sargent JR (1986) Structure and function of an unusual lipid storage organ in the Arctic fish Lumpenus maculatus (Fries). Sarsia 71:1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farwell MK, Green JM, Pepper VA (1976) Distribution and known life history of Stichaeus punctatus in the Northwest Atlantic. Copeia 3:598–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fishbase: www.fishbase.org

  • Fossheim M, Primicerio R, Johannesen E, Ingvaldsen RB, Aschan MM, Dolgov AV (2015) Recent warming leads to a rapid borealization of fish communities in the Arctic. Nat Clim Change 5:673–678

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham M, Hop H (1995) Aspects of reproduction and larval biology of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida). Arctic 48:130–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green JM, Mathisen A-L, Brown JA (1987) Laboratory observations on the reproductive and agonistic behaviour of Ulvaria subbifurcala (Pisces: Stichaeidae). Nat Can 114:195–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross MR, Shine R (1981) Parental care and mode of fertilization in ectothermic vertebrates. Evolution 35:775–793

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haug T, Bogstad B, Chierici M, Gjøsæter H, Hallfredsson EH, Høines ÅS, Hoel AH, Ingvaldsen RB, Jørgensen LL, Knutsen T, Loeng H, Naustvoll L-J, Røttingen I, Sunnanå K (2017) Future harvest of living resources in the Arctic Ocean north of the Nordic and Barents Seas: a review of possibilities and constraints. Fish Res 188:38–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jalabert B (2005) Particularities of reproduction and oogenesis in teleost fish compared to mammals. Reprod Nutr Dev 45:261–279

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalchugin PV, Pushchina OI, Panchenko VV, Solomatov SF (2006) The distribution and some biological features of Stichaeus grigorjewi (Stichaeidae) in the waters of Northern Primorye (the Sea of Japan). J Ichthyol 46:447–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamler E (2005) Parent–egg–progeny relationships in teleost fishes: an energetics perspective. Rev Fish Biol Fish 15:399–421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kjesbu OS, Kryvi H, Sundby S, Solemdal P (1992) Buoyancy variations in eggs of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) in relation to chorion thickness and egg size: theory and observations. J Fish Biol 41:581–599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kock K-H, Kellermann A (1991) Reproduction in Antarctic notothenioid fishes. Antarct Sci 3:125–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kolpakov NV, Klimkin AF (2004) Specific features of biology of shannies Stichaeus grigorjewi and S. nozawae (Stichaeidae) in waters of Northern Primorye. J Ichthyol 44:592–599

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyushin K (1990) Embryonic development and larvae of long shanny, Stichaeus grigorjewi Herzenstein. Bull Fish Sci Hokkaido Univ 41:13–17

    Google Scholar 

  • LeDrew BR, Green JM (1975) Biology of the radiated shanny Ulvaria subbifurcata Storer in Newfoundland (Pisces: Stichaeidae). J Ichthyol 7:485–495

    Google Scholar 

  • Marliave JB, DeMartini EE (1977) Parental behavior of intertidal fishes of the stichaeid genus Xiphister. Can J Zool 55:60–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall NB (1953) Egg size in Arctic, Antarctic and deep-sea fishes. Evolution 7:328–341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mecklenburg CW, Sheiko BA (2004) Annotated checklist of fishes: family Stichaeidae Gill 1864, pricklebacks. An electronic journal published by the California Academy of Sciences ISSN 1545-150X (CD-ROM). https://www.calacademy.org/scientists/ichthyology/cmecklenburg

  • Mecklenburg CW, Lynghammar A, Johannesen E, Byrkjedal I, Christiansen JS, Dolgov AV, Karamushko OV, Mecklenburg TA, Møller PR, Steinke D, Wienerroither RM (2018) Marine Fishes of the Arctic Region. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri. https://caff.is/monitoring-series/451-marine-fishes-of-the-arctic-region-vol-1. Accessed 28 Feb 2018

  • Meyer Ottesen CA, Hop H, Christiansen JS, Falk-Petersen S (2011) Early life history of daubed shanny (Teleostei: Leptoclinus maculatus) in Svalbard waters. Mar Biodiv 41:383–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer Ottesen CA, Hop H, Christiansen JS, Falk-Petersen S (2014) Growth of the daubed shanny (Teleostei: Leptoclinus maculatus) in Svalbard waters. Polar Biol 37:809–815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miki T, Yoshida H, Amaoka K (1987) Rare stichaeid fish, Pseudoalectrias tarasovi (Popov), from Japan and its larvae and juveniles. Bull Fish Sci Hokkaido Univ 38:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukhina NV (2005) Distribution of eggs and fish larvae in the Norwegian and Barents Sea. PINRO Publishing, Murmansk (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Murua H, Saborido-Rey F (2003) Female reproductive strategies of marine fish species of the North Atlantic. J Northw Atl Fish Sci 33:23–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murua H, Kraus G, Saborido-Rey F, Witthames PR, Thorsen A, Junquera S (2003) Procedures to estimate fecundity of marine fish species in relation to their reproductive strategy. J Northw Atl Fish Sci 33:33–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murzina SA, Meyer Ottesen CA, Falk-Petersen S, Hop H, Nemova NN, Polyektova OG (2012) Oogenesis and lipids in gonad and liver of daubed shanny (Leptoclinus maculatus) females from Svalbard waters. Fish Physiol Biochem 38:1393–1407

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murzina SA, Nefedova ZA, Falk-Petersen S, Hop H, Ryokolainen TR, Meyer Ottesen CA, Pipatti PO, Berge J, Nemova NN (2013) Lipids in the daubed shanny (Teleostei: Leptoclinus maculatus) in Svalbard waters. Polar Biol 36:1619–1631

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peppar JL (1965) Some features of the life history of the cockscomb prickleback, Anoplarchus purpurescens. Gill. M.Sc. Thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver

  • Pethon P (2005) Aschehougs store fiskebok, 5th edn. Aschehoug, Oslo, pp 362–363

    Google Scholar 

  • Rideout RM, Tomkiewicz J (2011) Skipped spawning in fishes: more common than you might think. Mar Coast Fish 3:176–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose GA (2005) On distributional responses to North Atlantic fish to climate change. ICES J Mar Sci 62:1360–1374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shiogaki M (1981) Notes on the life history of the stichaeid fish Opisthocentrus tenuis. Jpn J Ichthyol 28:319–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiogaki M (1983) On the life history of the stichaeid fish Chirolophis japonicas. Jpn J Ichthyol 29:446–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Søreide JE, Leu E, Berge J, Graeve M, Falk-Petersen S (2010) Timing in blooms, algal food quality and Calanus glacialis reproduction and growth in a changing Arctic. Glob Change Biol 16:3154–3163

    Google Scholar 

  • Trippel EA (2003) Estimation of male reproductive success of marine fishes. J Northw Atl Fish Sci 33:81–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wienerroither R, Johannesen E, Dolgov A, Byrkjedal I, Bjelland O, Drevetnyak K, Eriksen KB, Høines Å, Langhelle G, Langøy H, Prokhorova T, Prozorkevich D, Wenneck T (2011) Atlas of the Barents Sea fishes. IMR/PINRO Joint Report Series 1-2011, ISSN 1502-8828

  • Wienerroither R, Johannesen E, Dolgov A, Byrkjedal I, Aglen A, Bjelland O, Drevetnyak K, Eriksen KB, Høines Å, Langhelle G, Langøy H, Murashko P, Prokhorova T, Prozorkevich D, Smirnov O, Wenneck T (2013) Atlas of the Barents Sea fishes based on the winter survey. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 2-2013. ISSN 1502-8828

  • Winemiller KO (1992) Life-history strategies and the effectiveness of sexual selection. Oikos 63:318–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wourms JP, Evans D (1974) The annual reproductive cycle of the black prickleback, Xiphister atropurpureus, a Pacific Coast blennioid fish. Can J Zool 52:795–802

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by Statoil and Arctos. We also acknowledge the TUNU-Programme (UiT- The Arctic University of Norway) for our participation and thus opportunity for sampling of material on the TUNU-III Expedition 2007. We would like to thank the crew of RV Helmer Hanssen for their assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Camilla A. Meyer Ottesen, Haakon Hop, Stig Falk-Petersen & Jørgen S. Christiansen

  2. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, 9296, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  3. Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, 9296, Tromsø, Norway

    Stig Falk-Petersen

Authors
  1. Camilla A. Meyer Ottesen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Haakon Hop
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Stig Falk-Petersen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jørgen S. Christiansen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haakon Hop.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

The sampling was carried out at UiT or UNIS cruises. Both institutions have strict guidelines related to minimizing environmental impacts through field-related activities, and all activities are carried out according to the current HSE guidelines at UiT and UNIS (e.g. see www.unis.no/resources/hse/). These institutions obtain permits from the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries to conduct scientific surveys (incl. bottom trawling) in Svalbard waters. No ethical issues have been identified connected to the project.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (PDF 34 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Meyer Ottesen, C.A., Hop, H., Falk-Petersen, S. et al. Reproduction and sexual dimorphism of daubed shanny (Teleostei: Leptoclinus maculatus) in Svalbard waters. Polar Biol 41, 1867–1880 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-2328-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-2328-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation