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Taxonomic review of the genus Boreocingula (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Arctic and cold temperate waters

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Abstract

Rissoidae is a very diverse family of marine microgastropods; however, its Arctic representatives are poorly studied. Taxonomy of Arctic and Subarctic rissoids is still based exclusively on characters of shell, while internal morphology remains unknown for the majority of the species. The present paper provides a taxonomic revision of the genus Boreocingula Golikov et Kussakin, 1974 based on morphology of shell and soft body. The genus includes five species: three of them [B. martyni (Dall, 1887), B. alaskana (Bartsch, 1912), and B. sirenkoi sp.n.] are present in the extreme north of the Pacific Ocean and the adjacent Siberian Seas; and the other two [B. castanea (Møller, 1842) and B. globulus (Møller, 1842)] are known from the Arctic parts of the Atlantic Ocean. B. sirenkoi sp. n. is described as a new species; lectotype for B. martyni is designated. Imposex females are described for B. martyni for the first time. Also, general patterns of rissoid diversity in the Arctic are reviewed based on the results of the present study and published sources. Only 26 species of the family are reliably known from the Arctic seas. The highest species richness was observed in Greenland (16) and in Barents Sea, except for its southwestern part (11).

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Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Robert Hershler (USNM) for providing high-quality photos of type specimens from USNM; and to Boris Sirenko (ZIN), Raisa Pikalova (ZIN), Alexey Merkuljev (ZIN), and Tom Schiøtte (NHMD) for their help during the study of museum collections. Also, I wish to thank an anonymous reviewer for the detailed revision of the manuscript and Yuta Tamberg (Otago, New Zeland) for correcting English language. The study was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation (grant No 18–74-00010) (study of ZIN collections, examination of morphology, analysis of type material, distributional review of Rissoidae), Grant Council of the President of Russia (grant No MK-4797.2018.4) (work with scanning electronic microscope, examination of the recent material from the Barents Sea), and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 16–34-00372 mol_a) (initial part of the study, examination of recent samples of Boreocingula castanea). Analytc experiments with the scanning electronic microscope were performed at the Research Park of Saint-Petersburg State University (Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotechnology and the Centre for Molecular and Cell technologies).

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  1. Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb., 7-9, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 199034

    Ivan O. Nekhaev

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Nekhaev, I.O. Taxonomic review of the genus Boreocingula (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Arctic and cold temperate waters. Polar Biol 42, 889–905 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-019-02481-9

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