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Phylogenetic analysis of Jarava (Poaceae, Pooideae, Stipeae) and related genera: testing the value of the awn indumentum in the circumscription of Jarava

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Abstract

Jarava, a genus of the tribe Stipeae with 31 American species, is considered polyphyletic. In previous phylogenetic analyses, despite a few species of Jarava were used, they were included in the Major American Clade (MAC) together with species of Achnatherum, Amelichloa and Nassella. The main goal of this study is to test the monophyly of Jarava and to estimate relationships of Jarava species and allied genera. Eighty-nine species of Stipeae (17 species of Jarava) were included in the analyses of trnH-psbA and ITS regions from plastid and nuclear genomes, respectively. Morphological characters were optimized on one of the shortest trees derived from the combined analysis. Jarava splits into different lineages. Jarava ichu, the type species of the genus, and other eight species of Jarava were grouped into subclade B; another four species were associated with Achnatherum in subclade A. Both subclades A and B were included into the MAC. Three species: Jarava neaei, J. psylantha, and J. subplumosa, were grouped with Pappostipa in subclade C. The close relationship between Jarava and Pappostipa appears as a novelty and they should be considered within this genus or recognized as a new genus sister to Pappostipa. The awn indumentum (hair length and position of long hairs, either in part or the entire awn) and the subacute or acute callus are useful to recognize the group (subclade C). Geographical distribution of Jarava from subclade C overlaps completely with that of Pappostipa. The shared geographical distribution is in accordance with major groupings in our phylogenetic topology.

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to our friend and colleague O. Morrone, for having proposed and supported this research. We also thank S. Denham, J. Hurst, A. Sassone, G. Oliva (EEA INTA Santa Cruz), J. J. Magaldi (AER INTA Caleta Olivia) and L. San Martino and M. Roa (AER INTA Los Antiguos) for assistance with fieldwork and the staff of the Darwinion, who kindly helped us with the plant material. We thank F. Rojas for drawings of the florets. We are grateful to the Administración de Parques Nacionales for allowing us to conduct field work in natural reserves. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments, which helped us to improve the manuscript.This research was supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), grant PIP 11220100100155 and by Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), grant PICT 2010-1645 to O. Morrone.

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  1. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200 Casilla de Correo 22, San Isidro, B1642HYD, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Sergio E. Sclovich, Liliana M. Giussani, Ana M. Cialdella & Silvana M. Sede

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  1. Sergio E. Sclovich
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  2. Liliana M. Giussani
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  3. Ana M. Cialdella
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  4. Silvana M. Sede
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Correspondence to Silvana M. Sede.

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Sclovich, S.E., Giussani, L.M., Cialdella, A.M. et al. Phylogenetic analysis of Jarava (Poaceae, Pooideae, Stipeae) and related genera: testing the value of the awn indumentum in the circumscription of Jarava . Plant Syst Evol 301, 1625–1641 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1175-9

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