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A concise review of the brown macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum (Linnaeus) Le Jolis

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Abstract

Ascophyllum nodosum is a large and common brown alga. The fronds are olive-brown but can appear yellowish when stressed. It is a common, intertidal species around the periphery of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is particularly common on the north-western coast of Europe (from Svalbard to Portugal), including east Greenland, Iceland and the NE coast of N America (from New York to Newfoundland). This intertidal fucoid has long fronds with large egg-shaped airbladders. The fronds can reach 2 m (extremes of 5–7 m) in length. Depending on nutrient availability, the fronds are yellow, and at low tide, they can form extensive beds appearing to be monospecific to the casual observer. This seaweed is long lived and can be a dominant, climax community species of the middle shore. Ascophyllum nodosum is very effective at accumulating nutrients and minerals from the surrounding seawater. Due to the presence of many bioactive components, its harvested biomass is a valuable resource for human enterprise. This species is exploited for use in products such as food, fertiliser, soil conditioners, biostimulants (for phyco-elicitors), animal feed, skin and hair care products, cleaners, de-greasers, equestrian products and nutritional supplements. It is also a popular ingredient in cosmetology and thalassotherapy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Anne O’Shaughnessy for the illustrations in Figs. 1 and 3. The authors would like to thank the three referees for their constructive and collegial inputs towards the improvements of this manuscript. Finally, the authors would like to thank Professor Michael Guiry for providing invaluable discussions on the manuscript.

Funding

Leonel Pereira had the support of the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), within the scope of the project UIDB/04292/2020 – MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal

    Leonel Pereira

  2. Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland

    Liam Morrison

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Pushp Sheel Shukla

  4. Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Alan T. Critchley

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  1. Leonel Pereira
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  2. Liam Morrison
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  4. Alan T. Critchley
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Correspondence to Leonel Pereira.

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Pereira, L., Morrison, L., Shukla, P.S. et al. A concise review of the brown macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum (Linnaeus) Le Jolis. J Appl Phycol 32, 3561–3584 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02246-6

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