Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The brown seaweed genus Zonaria: major features, biotechnological potential, and applications

  • Published:
Journal of Applied Phycology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This review is a broad overview of species of the genus Zonaria, a relevant taxonomic grouping within the brown algae, considering data regarding the most common species. The article covers: classification, taxonomy, morphology, ecology, biochemical composition, biological activities, extraction procedures, and possible applications are analysed and discussed. The majority of the Zonaria species are distributed worldwide and encompass different environments. There is a total of 18 species, with Z. diesingiana, Z. farlowii, Z. tournefortii, and Z. turneriana being the most studied. However, even these species exhibit significant knowledge gaps. The study of Zonaria seaweeds is also rendered more difficult due to taxonomical uncertainties and the over-reliance on phenotypic traits for the identification of the genus and particular species. The biological traits of Zonaria spp. point to a highly adaptable seaweed; these organisms can modulate nutrient uptake depending on prevailing abiotic and biotic conditions. The study of the biochemical composition of Zonaria species enabled identification of potential bioactive compounds, such as phenols, sterols, fatty acids, and other lipids and lipophilic substances. Furthermore, relevant bioactivities (antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer) have been reported in some of the species. The molecules underlying these bioactivities may be extracted through the application of highly innovative green technologies. There are already some studies in this direction, but many more are needed. Possible applications of Zonaria biomass or extracts thereof could encompass human and animal nutrition, but also the plant-stimulant market. The incorporation of Zonaria spp.-derived bioactivities to novel products, e.g., cosmetic, cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications is also within genuine reach of sustainable utilisation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data will be made available on reasonable request.

References

  • Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Morton DW, Ristivojević P (2016) Assessment of antioxidant activity in Victorian marine algal extracts using high performance thin-layer chromatography and multivariate analysis. J Chromatogr A 1468:228–235

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aguirre-Lipperheide M, Evans LV (1993) A sterilization protocol for the Dictyotales (Phaeophyceae). J Phycol 29:243–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alltech (2014) Global Feed Survey Summary. Alltech internal research report http://www.alltech.com/sites/default/files/alltechglobalfeedsummary2014.pdf. Accessed 10 Feb 2021

  • Amico V, Nicolosi G, Oriente G, Piattelli M, Tringali C (1982) A novel acylphloroglucinol from the brown alga Zonaria tournefortii. Phytochemistry 21:739–741

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andoh A, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y (2003) Role of dietary fiber and short-chain fatty acids in the colon. Curr Pharm Des 9:347–358

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anwar HF, Hansen TV (2009) First total synthesis of a polyunsaturated chromone metabolite isolated from the brown algae Zonaria tournefortii. Organic Lett 11:587–588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balina K, Romagnoli F, Blumberga D (2017) Seaweed biorefinery concept for sustainable use of marine resources. Energy Procedia 128:504–511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barreto M, Straker CJ, Critchley AT (1997) Short note on the effects of ethanolic extracts of selected South African seaweeds on the growth of commercially-important plant pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Verticillium sp. S Afr J Bot 63:521–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bischof K, Gomez I, Molis M, Hanelt D, Karsten U, Lüder U, Roleda MY, Zacher K, Wiencke C (2006) Ultraviolet radiation shapes seaweed communities. Rev Env Sci Bio/technol 5:141–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bittner L, Payri CE, Couloux A, Cruaud C, de Reviers B, Rousseau F (2008) Molecular phylogeny of the Dictyotales and their position within the Phaeophyceae, based on nuclear, plastid and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 49:211–226

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blackman AJ, Rogers GI, Volkman JK (1988) Phloroglucinol derivatives from three Australian marine algae of the genus Zonaria. J Nat Prod 51:158–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bringloe TT, Starko S, Wade RM, Vieira C, Kawai H, De Clerck O, Cock JM, Coelho SM, Destombe C, Valero M, Neiva J, Pearson GA, Faugeron S, Serrão EA, Verbruggen H (2020) Phylogeny and evolution of the brown algae. Crit Rev Plant Sci 39:281–321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooke CG, Roque BM, Shaw C, Najafi N, Gonzalez M, Pfefferlen A, De Anda V, Ginsburg DW, Harden MC, Nuzhdin SV, Salwen JK, Kebreab E, Hess M (2020) Methane reduction potential of two Pacific Coast macroalgae during in vitro ruminant fermentation. Front Mar Sci 7:561

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buschmann AH, Camus C, Infante J, Neori A, Israel A, Hernández-González MC, Pereda SV, Gomez-Pinchetti JL, Golberg A, Tadmor-Shalev N, Critchley AT (2017) Seaweed production: Overview of the global state of exploitation, farming and emerging research activity. Eur J Phycol 52:391–406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calder PC (2010) Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes. Nutrients 2:355–374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chemat F, Vian MA, Ravi HK, Khadhraoui B, Hilali S, Perino S, Tixier A-SF (2019) Review of alternative solvents for green extraction of food and natural products: Panorama, principles, applications and prospects. Molecules 24:3007

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chopin T, Tacon AGJ (2021) Importance of seaweeds and extractive species in global aquaculture production. Rev Fish Sci Aq 29:139–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Chkhikvishvili ID, Ramazanov ZM (2000) Phenolic substances of brown algae and their antioxidant activity. Appl Biochem Microbiol 36:289–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke CJ, Tu W-C, Levers O, Bröhl A, Hallett JP (2018) Green and sustainable solvents in chemical processes. Chem Rev 118:747–800

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coats JG, Maktabi B, Abou-Dahech MS, Baki G (2021) Blue light protection, part II — Ingredients and performance testing methods. J Cosmet Dermatol 20:718–723

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coffey D, Dawson K, Ferket P, Connolly A (2016) Review of the feed industry from a historical perspective and implications for its future. J Appl An Nutr 4:e3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa M, Cardoso C, Afonso C, Bandarra NM, Prates JAM (2021) Current knowledge and future perspectives of the use of seaweeds for livestock production and meat quality: A systematic review. J An Physiol An Nutr 105:1075–1102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crauste C, Rosell M, Durand T, Vercauteren J (2016) Omega-3 polyunsaturated lipophenols, how and why? Biochimie 120:62–74

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas EJ, Haggitt T, Rees T (2014) Supply- and demand-driven phosphate uptake and tissue phosphorus in temperate seaweeds. Aquat Biol 23:49–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duraisamy M, Selvaraju R (2021) Analysis of bioactive compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrum and anti-bacterial activity of Zonaria crenata. Aegaeum J 8:829–844

    Google Scholar 

  • Edgar GJ (1983) The ecology of south-east Tasmanian phytal animal communities. IV. Factors affecting the distribution of ampithoid amphipods among algae. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 70:205–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eichenberger W, Araki S, Müller DG (1993) Betaine lipids and phospholipids in brown algae. Phytochemistry 34:1323–1333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Endo J, Arita M (2016) Cardioprotective mechanism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Cardiol 67:22–27

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farasat M, Khavari-Nejad RA, Nabavi SMB, Namjooyan F (2013) Antioxidant properties of two edible green seaweeds from northern coasts of the Persian Gulf. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 8:47–52

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Faulkner DJ (1987) Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 4:540–576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fellah F, Louaileche H, Dehbi-Zebboudj A, Touati N (2017) Seasonal variations in the phenolic compound content and antioxidant activities of three selected species of seaweeds from Tiskerth islet, Bejaia, Algeria. J Mater Environ Sci 8:4451–4456

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca I, Guarda I, Mourato M, Martins LL, Gomes R, Matos J, Gomes-Bispo A, Bandarra NM, Cardoso C, Afonso C (2021) Undervalued Atlantic brown seaweed species (Cystoseira abies-marina and Zonaria tournefortii): Influence of treatment on their nutritional and bioactive potential and bioaccessibility. Eur Food Res Technol 247:221–232

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerwick W, Fenical W (1982) Phenolic lipids from related marine algae of the order Dictyotales. Phytochemistry 21:633–637

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • González del Val A, Platas G, Basilio A, Cabello A, Gorrochategui J, Suay I, Vicente F, Portillo E, del Jimenez RM, Reina GG, Peláez F (2001) Screening of antimicrobial activities in red, green and brown macroalgae from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). Int Microbiol 4:35–40

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gosch BJ, Paul NA, de Nys R, Magnusson M (2015) Spatial, seasonal, and within-plant variation in total fatty acid content and composition in the brown seaweeds Dictyota bartayresii and Dictyopteris australis (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae). J Appl Phycol 27:1607–1622

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guiry MD, Guiry GM (2019) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org

  • Hamiche S, Bouzidi N, Daghbouche Y, Badis A, Garrigues S, de la Guardia M, El Hattab M (2018) Eucalyptol-based green extraction of brown alga Zonaria tournefortii. Sustain Chem Pharm 10:97–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamiche S, Mechri S, Khelouia L, Annane R, El Hattab M, Badis A, Jaouadi B (2019) Purification and biochemical characterization of two keratinases from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S13 isolated from marine brown alga Zonaria tournefortii with potential keratin-biodegradation and hide-unhairing activities. Int J Biol Macromol 122:758–769

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haupt A (1932) Structure and development of Zonaria farlowii. Am J Bot 19:239–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heffernan N, Smyth TJ, FitzGerald RJ, Soler-Vila A, Brunton N (2014) Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of pressurised liquid and solid–liquid extracts from four Irish origin macroalgae. Int J Food Sci Technol 49:1765–1772

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herrero M, Sánchez-Camargo AP, Cifuentes A, Ibáñez E (2015) Plants, seaweeds, microalgae and food by-products as natural sources of functional ingredients obtained using pressurized liquid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. Trends Anal Chem 71:26–38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail A, Salah KBH, Ahmed M, Mastouri M, Bouraoui A, Aouni M (2014) Antibacterial and antifungal activities of brown alga Zonaria tournefortii (JV Lamouroux). Allelopathy J 34:143–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkendale L, Robertson-Andersson DV, Winberg PC (2010) Review on the use and production of algae and manufactured diets as feed for sea-based abalone aquaculture in Victoria. Shoalhaven Marine and Freshwater Centre 7:200

  • Kristinsson HG (ed) (2014) Antioxidants and functional components in aquatic foods. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar LRG, Paul PT, Anas KK, Tejpal CS, Chatterjee NS, Anupama TK, Mathew S, Ravishankar CN (2022) Phlorotannins-bioactivity and extraction perspectives. J Appl Phycol https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02749-4

  • Levin P, Hay ME (2002) Fish-seaweed association on temperate reefs: Do small-scale experiments predict large-scale patterns? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 232:239–246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Bi X, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li F, Zhao AZ (2019) Therapeutic potential of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 10:2241

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Liddle LB (1968) Reproduction in Zonaria farlowii. I Gamtogenesis, sporogenesus, and embryology. J Phycol 4:298–305

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liddle LB, Neushul M (1969) Reproduction in Zonaria farlowii. II Cytology and ultrastructure. J Phycol 5:4–12

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lourenço-Lopes C, Garcia-Oliveira P, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Jimenez-Lopez C, Pereira AG, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J (2020) Scientific approaches on extraction, purification and stability for the commercialization of fucoxanthin recovered from brown algae. Foods 9:1113

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Luximon-Ramma A, Bahorun T, Soobrattee MA, Aruoma OI (2002) Antioxidant activities of phenolic, proanthocyanidin, and flavonoid components in extracts of Cassia fistula. J Agric Food Chem 50:5042–5047

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane GT, MacFarlane S (2012) Bacteria, colonic fermentation, and gastrointestinal health. J AOAC Int 95:50–60

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Machado L, Magnusson M, Paul NA, de Nys R, Tomkins N (2014) Effects of marine and freshwater macroalgae on in vitro total gas and methane production. PLoS ONE 9:e85289

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Maheshwari UM (2017) Utilization of seaweed extract to enhance growth and biochemical parameters of Raphanus sativus var. pusa chetki. World J Pharm Pharmac Sci 6:1177–1183

    Google Scholar 

  • Makkar HPS, Tran G, Heuzé V, Giger-Reverdin S, Lessire M, Lebas F, Ankers P (2016) Seaweeds for livestock diets: A review. Ann Feed Sci Technol 212:1–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martysiak-Żurowska D, Wenta W (2012) A comparison of ABTS and DPPH methods for assessing the total antioxidant capacity of human milk. Acta Scient Polonorum Technol Aliment 11:83–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Mekinić IG, Skroza D, Šimat V, Hamed I, Čagalj M, Perković ZP (2019) Phenolic content of brown algae (Pheophyceae) species: Extraction, identification, and quantification. Biomolecules 9:244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed YMA, Vik A, Hofer T, Andersen JH, Hansen TV (2013) Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived chromones exhibiting potent antioxidant activity. Chem Phys Lipids 170–171:41–45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montañés MA, Sansón M, Reyes J (2006) Vegetative and reproductive phenology of Zonaria tournefortii (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) in sublittoral populations off the Canary Islands. Bot Mar 49:406–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munakata T, Ooi T, Kusumi T (1997) A simple preparation of 17(R)–hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid from the eicosanoyl phloroglucinols, components of the brown alga, Zonaria diesingiana. Tet Lett 38:249–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neto AIA, Prestes ACL, Álvaro NV, Resendes R, Neto RMA, Moreu I (2020) Marine algal (seaweed) flora of Terceira Island, Azores. Biodivers Data J 8:e57462

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Neushul M, Liddle L (1968) A light- and electron-microscopic study of primary heterogeneity in the eggs of two brown algae. Am J Bot 55:1068–1073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nobile CJ, Johnson AD (2015) Candida albicans biofilms and human disease. Annu Rev Microbiol 69:71–92

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes N, Ferraz S, Valente S, Barreto MC, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (2017) Biochemical composition, nutritional value, and antioxidant properties of seven seaweed species from the Madeira Archipelago. J Appl Phycol 29:2427–2437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes N, Valente S, Ferraz S, Barreto MC, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (2019a) Validation of a spectrophotometric methodology for a rapid iodine analysis in algae and seaweed casts. Algal Res 42:101613

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes N, Leça JM, Pereira AC, Pereira V, Ferraz S, Barreto MC, Marques JC, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAAP (2019b) Evaluation of fucoxanthin contents in seaweed biomass by vortex-assisted solid-liquid microextraction using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Algal Res 42:101603

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes N, Rosa GP, Ferraz S, Barreto MC, de Carvalho MAAP (2020a) Fatty acid composition, TLC screening, ATR-FTIR analysis, anti-cholinesterase activity, and in vitro cytotoxicity to A549 tumor cell line of extracts of 3 macroalgae collected in Madeira. J Appl Phycol 32:759–771

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes N, Valente S, Ferraz S, Barreto MC, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (2020b) Constructing ethanol-derived bioactive extracts using the brown seaweed Zonaria tournefortii (J.V.Lamouroux) Montagne performed with Timatic extractor by means of response surface methodology (RSM). J Appl Phycol 32:2321–2333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peckol P (1983) Seasonal physiological responses of two brown seaweed species from a North Carolina continental shelf habitat. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 72:147–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peckol P, Ramus J (1988) Abundances and physiological properties of deep-water seaweeds from Carolina outer continental shelf. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 115:25–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira DM, Valentão P, Teixeira N, Andrade PB (2013) Amino acids, fatty acids and sterols profile of some marine organisms from Portuguese waters. Food Chem 141:2412–2417

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira L (2016) Edible Seaweeds of the World. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Perera KY, Sharma S, Pradhan D, Jaiswal AK, Jaiswal S (2021) Seaweed polysaccharide in food contact materials (active packaging, intelligent packaging, edible films, and coatings). Foods 10:2088

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pérez MJ, Falqué E, Domínguez H (2016) Antimicrobial action of compounds from marine seaweed. Mar Drugs 14:52

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips JA, Clayton MN (1991) Biflagellate spermatozoids in the Dictyotales: the structure of gametes and gametangia in Zonaria angustata (Dictyotales, Phaeophyta). Phycologia 30:205–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips JA, Clayton MN, Harvey AS (1994) Comparative studies on sporangial distribution and structure in species of Zonaria, Lobophora and Homoeostrichus (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from Australia. Eur J Phycol 29:93–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips JA (1997) Genus and species concepts in Zonaria and Homoeostrichus (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae), including the description of Exallosorus gen. nov. Eur J Phycol 32:303–311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pohl P, Zurheide F (1979) Fatty acids and lipids of marine algae and the control of their biosynthesis by environmental factors. In: Hoppe HA, Levring T, Tanaka Y (eds) Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, pp 473–523

  • Poore AGB (1994) Selective herbivory by amphipods inhabiting the brown alga Zonaria angustata. Mar Ecol Prog Series 107:113–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prior RL, Wu X, Schaich K (2005) Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. J Agric Food Chem 53:4290–4302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ragan MA, Glombitza K (1986) Phlorotannins, brown algal polyphenols. Prog Phycol Res 4:129–241

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roque BM, Brooke CG, Ladau J, Polley T, Marsh LJ, Najafi N, Pandey P, Singh L, Kinley R, Salwen JK, Eloe-Fadrosh E, Kebreab E, Hess M (2019) Effect of the macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis on methane production and the rumen microbiome assemblage. Anim Microb 1:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sangil C, Marins GM, Hernández JC, Alves F, Neto AI, Ribeiro C, León-Cisneros K, Canning-Clode J, Rosas-Alquicira E, Mendoza JC, Titley I, Wallenstein F, Couto RP, Kaufmann M (2018) Shallow subtidal macroalgae in the North-eastern Atlantic archipelagos (Macaronesian region): a spatial approach to community structure. Eur J Phycol 53:83–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santos-Silva MC, Machado EC, Wallner-Kersanach M, Camargo MG, Andrade C, Sá F, Pellizzari F (2018) Background levels of trace elements in brown and red seaweeds from Trindade, a remote island in South Atlantic Ocean. Mar Poll Bull 135:923–931

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmid M, Kraft LGK, van der Loos NM, Kraft GT, Virtue P, Nichols PD, Hurd CL (2018) Southern Australian seaweeds: A promising resource for omega-3 fatty acids. Food Chem 265:70–77

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seactive ZT (2022) Cosmetics and Toiletries, Science Applied (Supplier Naturalis SRL). http://dir.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/detail/tradeName.html?id=25001. Accessed on January 13, 2022.

  • Smith PM, Bustamante H, Ahammad H, Clark H, Dong EA, Elsiddig H, Haberl R, Harper J, House M, Jafari O, Masera C, Mbow NH, Ravindranath CW, Rice C, Robledo Abad A, Romanovskaya F, Sperling F, Tubiello F (2013) Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU). In: Edenhofer O, Pichs-Madruga R, Sokona Y, Farahani E, Kadner S, Seyboth K, Adler A, Baum I, Brunner S, Eickemeier P, Kriemann B, Savolainen J, Schlömer S, von Stechow C, Zwickel T, Minx JC (eds), pp 811–922, Climate change: mitigation of climate change contribution of working group III to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press: New York, USA.

  • Srinivasan A, Dick JD, Perl TM (2002) Vancomycin resistance in Staphylococci. Clin Microbiol Rev 15:430–438

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Steen F, Vieira C, Leliaert F, Payri EC, De Clerck O (2015) Biogeographic affinities of Dictyotales from Madagascar: A phylogenetic approach. Cryptogam Algol 36:129–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stein EM, Tajú SG, Miyasato PA, de Freitas RP, Tallarico LF, dos Santos GS, Luiz GLF, Rofatto HK, da Silva FNV, Colepicolo P, Macedo AL, Carollo CA, Nakano E (2021) The prospective use of Brazilian marine macroalgae in schistosomiasis control. Mar Drugs 19:234

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg PD, De Nys R, Kjelleberg S (1998) Chemical inhibition of epibiota by Australian seaweeds. Biofouling 12:227–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stengel DB, Connan S (2015) Marine algae: a source of biomass for biotechnological applications. In: Stengel DB, Connan S (eds) Natural Products from Marine Algae: Methods and Protocols. Springer, New York, pp 1–37

  • Sukenik A, Zmora O, Carmeli Y (1993) Biochemical quality of marine unicellular algae with special emphasis lipid composition: II. Nannochloropsis sp. Aquaculture 117:313–326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka N, Ishida T, Nagao M, Mori T, Monguchi T, Sasaki M, Mori K, Kondo K, Nakajima H, Honjo T, Irino Y, Toh R, Shinohara M, Hirata K (2014) Administration of high dose eicosapentaenoic acid enhances anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia. Atherosclerosis 237:577–583

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tringali C, Piatelli M (1982) Two chrome derivatives from the brown alga Zonaria tournefortii. Tet Lett 23:1509–1512

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vallabhaneni S, Haselow D, Lloyd S, Lockhart S, Moulton-Meissner H, Lester L, Wheeler G, Gladden L, Garner K, Derado G, Park B, Harris JR (2015) Cluster of Cryptococcus neoformans infections in intensive care unit, Arkansas, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 21:1719–1724

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Vieira C, Steen F, D’hondt S, Bafort Q, Tyberghein L, Fernandez-García C, Wysor B, Tronholm A, Mattio L, Payri C, Kawai H, Saunders G, Leliaert F, Verbruggen H, De Clerck O (2021) Global biogeography and diversification of a group of brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) driven by clade-specific evolutionary processes. J Biogeogr 48:703–715

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vlachos V, Critchley AT, Von Holy A (1997) Antimicrobial activity of extracts from selected Southern African marine macroalgae. S Afr J Sci 93:328–332

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vlachos V, Critchley AT, Von Holy A (2001) On the GRAS status of seaweeds. I. Observations on the association between antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts and metal levels present in selected seaweeds. Bull Mar Sci Fish Kochi Univ 21:7–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang W-L, Lin C-S, Lee W-J, Liu S-L (2013) Morphological and molecular characteristics of Homoeostrichus formosana sp. nov. (Dictyotaceae, Phaeophyceae) from Taiwan. Bot Stud 54:13

  • Wells ML, Potin P, Craigie JS, Raven JA, Merchant SS, Helliwell KE, Smith AG, Camire ME, Brawley SH (2017) Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. J Appl Phycol 29:949–982

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wisespongpand P, Kuniyoshi M (2003) Bioactive phloroglucinols from the brown alga Zonaria diesingiana. J Appl Phycol 15:225–228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Womersley HBS (1987) The marine benthic flora of southern Australia part II. South Australian Government Printing Division, Adelaide, pp 187–259.

  • Zhang H, Xiao X, Conte MM, Khalil Z, Capon RJ (2012) Spiralisones A-D: acylphloroglucinol hemiketals from an Australian marine brown alga, Zonaria spiralis. Org Biomol Chem 10:9671–9676

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the following Post-Doctoral Grants: Ref.: SFRH/BPD/102689/2014 (“Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia”, FCT) for the author Carlos Cardoso; and DIVERSIAQUA (MAR2020) for the author Cláudia Afonso. The performed revision work was funded by the projects AQUAMAX (Ref.: 16-02-01-FMP-0047) and I9+ PROALGA (Ref.: 16-01-03-FMP-0011). The authors are also grateful to the company SeaExpert and Artur Oliveira for providing an excellent image of a Zonaria specimen.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sea and Marine Resources, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal

    Carlos Cardoso, Cláudia Afonso & Narcisa M. Bandarra

  2. CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal

    Carlos Cardoso, Cláudia Afonso & Narcisa M. Bandarra

  3. Aquaculture Research Center (EPPO), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Olhão, Portugal

    Raquel Quintã

Authors
  1. Carlos Cardoso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cláudia Afonso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Raquel Quintã
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Narcisa M. Bandarra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Carlos Cardoso or Cláudia Afonso.

Ethics declarations

Disclosure

There is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cardoso, C., Afonso, C., Quintã, R. et al. The brown seaweed genus Zonaria: major features, biotechnological potential, and applications. J Appl Phycol 34, 2243–2257 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02773-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02773-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation