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Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec & Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera

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Abstract

The tapeworm order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec & Bray, 2008 (Platyhelminthes: Eucestoda), which has until recently formed part of the suppressed order Pseudophyllidea, is revised. Four new genera, namely Andycestus n. g. [type- and only species A. abyssmus (Thomas, 1953) n. comb.], Plicocestus n. g. [type- and only species P. janickii (Markowski, 1971) n. comb.] (both Bothriocephalidae), Mesoechinophallus n. g. [type-species M. hyperogliphe (Tkachev, 1979) n. comb.; other species M. major (Takao, 1986) n. comb. (Echinophallidae)] and Kimocestus n. g. [type- and only species K. ceratias (Tkachev, 1979) n. comb.] (Triaenophoridae) are proposed. Parabothriocephaloides Yamaguti, 1934, Penetrocephalus Rao, 1960 and Tetracampos Wedl, 1861 are resurrected as valid genera, whereas Alloptychobothrium Yamaguti, 1968 (newly synonymised with Plicatobothrium Cable & Michaelis, 1967), Capooria Malhotra, 1985 and Coelobothrium Dollfus, 1970 (syns of Bothriocephalus Rudolphi 1808), Fissurobothrium Roitman, 1965 (syn. of Bathybothrium Lühe, 1902), Paratelemerus Gulyaev, Korotaeva & Kurochkin, 1989 (syn. of Parabothriocephaloides Yamaguti, 1934) and Tetrapapillocephalus Protasova & Mordvinova, 1986 (syn. of Oncodiscus Yamaguti, 1934) are considered to be invalid. A recently erected genus, Dactylobothrium Srivastav, Khare & Jadhav, 2006, and its type- and only species, D. choprai Srivastav, Khare & Jadhav, 2006, are considered to be unrecognisable, because their descriptions contain a number of obvious errors and also indicate that a mixture of several taxa, probably of at least two cestode orders, were studied. Parabothriocephaloides wangi nom. nov. is proposed for Parabothriocephalus psenopsis Wang, Liu & Yang, 2004 from Psenopsis anomala in China in order to avoid a secondary homonymy. All 46 genera considered to be valid are revised, with their generic diagnoses amended on the basis of a critical examination of extensive museum and newly collected specimens. Despite apparent paraphyly or polyphyly of some bothriocephalidean families, especially the Triaenophoridae, the current classification restricted to four families, proposed by Bray et al. (1994), namely the Bothriocephalidae, Echinophallidae, Philobythiidae and Triaenophoridae, is provisionally retained with slight modifications until more molecular data on most genera are available. Keys to families and genera are provided.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to Jan Brabec (Institute of Parasitology, CR), for providing unpublished data, and to numerous persons who provided specimens for this study, namely (in alphabetical order) Tamara Butorina (Russia), Janine Caira (USA), Jimmy Casson (France), Alain de Chambrier (Switzerland), Iva Dyková (Czech Republic), Mark Freeman (UK), Giovanni Garippa (Italy), Vladimir Gulyaev (Russia), Andrea Gustinelli (Italy), Robert Konečný (Austria), the late Boris Kuperman (Russia), Kim Last (USA), Victoria Matey (Russia), Simonetta Mattiucci (Italy), Paolo Merella (Italy), Peter Olson (UK), Robin Overstreet (USA), Harry Palm (Germany), Larisa Poddubnaya (Russia), Ekaterina Protasova (Russia), Lothar Reimer (Germany), Lidia Sánchez (Peru), Andy Shinn (UK), Thorsten Walter (Germany), Yan-Hai Wang (China), Asri Yuinar (Indonesia). R.K. and T.S. also thank J. Mariaux and A. de Chambrier, Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle in Geneva, Switzerland, for support during their visits to Geneva. Field trips and visits to museums abroad were supported by the SYNTHESYS programme of the European Communities (project Nos. GB-TAF-735 and FR-TAF-3975), Norwegian Ministry of Education, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (projects nos 524/04/0342, 524/03/H133 and 524/08/0885), Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, AS CR (projects nos Z60220518 and LC 522), research project of the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia (MSM 6007665801), and National Science Foundation (Planetary Biodiversity Inventory project “A survey of the tapeworms (Cestoda: Platyhelminthes) from vertebrate bowels of the earth” to Janine N. Caira) (Nos 0818696 and 0818823). Insightful reports of two anonymous referees with a number of helpful suggestions are also greatly appreciated.

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  1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic & Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Roman Kuchta & Tomáš Scholz

  2. Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK

    Rodney A. Bray

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  1. Roman Kuchta
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Correspondence to Roman Kuchta.

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Kuchta, R., Scholz, T. & Bray, R.A. Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec & Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera. Syst Parasitol 71, 81–136 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-008-9153-7

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