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Lophoura Kölliker in Gegenbaur, Kölliker & Müller, 1853 species (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Sphyriidae) off South Africa with a key to all valid species

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Abstract

Lophoura Kölliker in Gegenbaur, Kölliker & Müller, 1853 is one of the eight genera of Sphyriidae which currently consists of 19 accepted species. Lophoura species are mesoparasites of various teleosts occurring worldwide. Post metamorphic females are highly transformed with longitudinally elongated cephalothoraces and elongated necks bearing holdfast organs anteriorly. The shape and structure of the holdfast organ is mostly the main character used for the identification of species. Additionally, the structure of the posterior processes attached laterally to the perianal swelling on the posterior margin of the trunk is also used to distinguish different species. The posterior processes consist of a central porous peduncle with stalks of varying shapes and sizes. The morphology of Lophoura males bear resemblance to that of lernaeopodid males. Re-descriptions of the habitus of the post metamorphic females of L. tetraloba Ho & Kim I.H., 1989, L. cf. edwardsi Kölliker, 1853, L. caparti (Nuńes-Ruivo, 1962) and L. cornuta (Wilson C.B., 1919), including notes on the immature females of L. tetraloba and L. cf. edwardsi, are provided. Additionally, information regarding the structure and position of some of the appendages of L. tetraloba, L. cf. edwardsi and L. caparti is provided. Furthermore, the study provides the first illustrated descriptions of the male of L. tetraloba. A description is also done of an incomplete unidentied Lophoura species which differs from other accepted species. A morphological identification key to post metamorphic females of all accepted Lophoura species is provided, as well as new host and geographical records of Lophoura species.

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Data availability

Voucher specimens are deposited in the Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the University of Limpopo for laboratory space and equipment and Bea Jordaan for assistance in the collection of specimens on board the Africana. Furthermore, we thank R Leslie (then DAFF) and D Vaughan (now Central Queensland University) for collecting specimens during demersal cruises on board the Africana as well as Sean Fennessy of the Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI) for fishes collected during the east coast surveys of KZN marine waters, in 2006 and the KZN bight Ecosystem Functioning Project in 2010 funded by the ACEP African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme. We also acknowledge A Jordaan (NWU) for assistance with SEM. Lastly, we thank the National Research Foundation for financial assistance to MMS.

Funding

This research received funding from the National Research Foundation as a research grant that enabled the sampling of copepods from by-catch on the Africana during 2008. MMS was supported by National Research Foundation (UID: 149638).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa

    Makwena M. Sebone & Susan M. Dippenaar

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  1. Makwena M. Sebone
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  2. Susan M. Dippenaar
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Contributions

SMD: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Field collection, Supervision, Writing—reviewing and editing. MMS: Performed research, Writing—original draft preparation reviewing and editing, Illustrations.

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Correspondence to Susan M. Dippenaar.

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Sebone, M.M., Dippenaar, S.M. Lophoura Kölliker in Gegenbaur, Kölliker & Müller, 1853 species (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Sphyriidae) off South Africa with a key to all valid species. Syst Parasitol 100, 345–361 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-023-10091-7

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