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Three new species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent fishes of the Pacific Ocean

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Abstract

Examinations of some deep-sea hydrothermal vent fishes from the western and eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean revealed the presence of three new species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), all gastrointestinal parasites, namely: A. justinei n. sp. from Thermarces cerberus Rosenblatt & Cohen (type host) and Thermichthys hollisi Cohen, Rosemblatt & Moser (both Zoarcidae, Perciformes) and A. globuligera n. sp. from T. cerberus from the Northern East Pacific Rise, and A. monofilamentosa n. sp. from Pyrolicus manusanus Machida & Hashimoto (Zoarcidae, Perciformes) from the Manus Basin near Papua New Guinea. Specimens are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopical examinations. In addition to other morphological differences, all the three new species differ from each other by the structure of eggs: eggs bearing a lateral superficial swelling (A. globuligera n. sp.), eggs with one conspicuously long filament on one pole (A. monofilamentosa n. sp.) and eggs smooth, without any filaments or swellings (A. justinei n. sp.). The egg morphology of the two first-named species is unique within all species of Ascarophis, which indicates that all the three newly described species of Ascarophis are probably endemic to the respective hydrothermal vents as their fish hosts.

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Data Availability

All samples used in this study have been deposited in the relevant curated, internationally recognised museum collection as outlined in this paper.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Lauren Mullineaux at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Cindy Van Dover at Duke University for supporting research and cruises and for procuring samples. We thank Gorka Sancho at the College of Charleston, Kate Buckman at Dartmouth, and Timothy Shank at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for donating additional samples. Field samples from the East Pacific Rise were made possible by the captain and crew of the RV Atlantis and RV Roger Revelle and the operators of HOV Alvin and ROV Jason. The at-sea component of the Papua New Guinea Luk Luk Cruise to Manus Basin was made possible by the captain and crew of Global Marine’s Wawe Mercury, the UTEC suvey staff, the Helix Offshore staff, the ROV operators, and Nautilus Minerals personnel, especially S. Smith, in collaboration with Cindy Van Dover. The Manus Basin samples were analyzed on behalf of the people of Papua New Guinea. We are grateful to John Mike Kinsella at the HelmWet Laboratory, Missoula, MT, for his preliminary examination of the present nematodes and their generic identification. Thanks are also due to the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, institution supported by the MEYS CR (LM2015062 Czech-BioImaging) and ERDF (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001775), for their support with obtaining the scientific data presented in this paper, and to Blanka Škoríková of the same Institute for help with the illustrations.

Funding

This study was partly supported by the institutional support of the Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (RVO: 60077344 awarded to FM). Research cruises to the East Pacific Rise were supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants OCE BIO-1829773, OCE BIO-1948580, OCE-9619605, and OCE-9711233 to LS Mullineaux, and OCE-988550 and OCE-9982999 to CL Van Dover. LND was supported by NSF grants OCE BIO-1829773 and OCE BIO-1948580 to LS Mullineaux.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    František Moravec

  2. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA

    Lauren N. Dykman

  3. Eckerd College, 4200 54th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL, 33711, USA

    Deidric B. Davis

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  1. František Moravec
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Lauren N. Dykman and Deiric B. Davis obtained the samples and undertook the processing for morphological identification of the nematodes. František Moravec carried out the identification and morphological analysis and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to František Moravec.

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Moravec, F., Dykman, L.N. & Davis, D.B. Three new species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent fishes of the Pacific Ocean. Syst Parasitol 101, 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-023-10130-3

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