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Novel fungi from an ancient niche: lachnoid and chalara-like fungi on ferns

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Abstract

A survey was conducted in Brazil to collect fungi on ferns. Based on morphology and inferred phylogeny from DNA sequences of two loci, namely the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), several species belonging to chalara-like genera and lachnoid fungi were recognized. Eighteen fungal isolates, collected from five host species, representing 10 different localities were studied. Three novel genera (Lachnopsis, Scolecolachnum and Zymochalara), and six novel species (Bloxamia cyatheicola, Lachnopsis catarinensis, Lachnopsis dicksoniae, Scolecolachnum pteridii, Zymochalara lygodii and Zymochalara cyatheae) are introduced. Furthermore, two new combinations (Erioscyphella euterpes and Erioscyphella lushanensis) are proposed. Two novel taxa (Lachnopsis catarinensis and Lachnopsis dicksoniae) may be included in the list of potentially endangered fungal species in Brazil, if proven to be restricted to their tree-fern host, Dicksonia sellowiana, which is included in the official list of endangered plant species in Brazil.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr Richard T. Hanlin and Dr Wen-Ying Zhuang for their helpful contributions regarding Herbarium information, and Dr Dartanhã José Soares for his collaboration during the field work. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) are thanked for financial support. Electron microscopy studies were performed at the Núcelo de Microscopia e Microanálise da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (NMM-UFV).

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  1. E. Guatimosim

    Present address: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, CEP: 96170-000, São Lourenço do Sul, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    E. Guatimosim & R. W. Barreto

  2. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    P. B. Schwartsburd

  3. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    P. W. Crous

  4. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa

    P. W. Crous

  5. Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    P. W. Crous

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Guatimosim, E., Schwartsburd, P.B., Crous, P.W. et al. Novel fungi from an ancient niche: lachnoid and chalara-like fungi on ferns. Mycol Progress 15, 1239–1267 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1232-6

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