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Occurrence of the Indo-West Pacific starfish Luidia magnifica (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Mexican Pacific and a possible introduction to the Caribbean region

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Abstract

The starfish Luidia magnifica (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae) is a multiradiate starfish that occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific. Since the description of L. magnifica in 1906 by Fisher, very few observations of this species have been documented. We present new shallow-water records for L. magnifica in the Tropical Eastern Pacific obtained between 2017 and 2021. We collected a total of 15 specimens of L. magnifica in the bay of Manzanillo, Colima, in the central nearshore Mexican Pacific. We provide morphological description of specimens collected and additional ecological data. We used molecular techniques to verify species identification. This record represents a considerable expansion of the known distribution range of L. magnifica and provides the first evidence of the presence of this species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The presence of L. magnifica larvae from the Caribbean coast of Panama was also identified from DNA sequencing of larvae left unindentified in previous reports. This result indicates that it is possible that the L. magnifica also occurs in the Carribbean. Because observations of the starfish in the Mexican Pacific have been recent, the presence of larvae in the Caribbean could be a recent introduction through the Panama Canal from the Eastern Pacific to the Western Atlantic.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ivonne García, Carlos Briseño, Emmanuel Rubio, Liliana Rodríguez, Laura Morales, Alexa Saucedo, and Omar Bojorquez for fieldwork and laboratory support. We thank Chris Meyer (Smithsonian Institution) for his technical support to review L. magnifica USNM holotype material, Alicia Durán and Ma. Esther Diupotex (ICML, UNAM) for their technical assistance, Brenda Díaz for suggestions to improving the final report, John Slapcinsky for providing specimens from the Florida Museum of Natural History, Joan Herrera and Paul Larson for specimens from the Florida Biodiversity Collection, and the California Academy of Sciences for the use of their material. Thanks to Christopher Mah for providing useful comments on the identification of the species and to Martin I. Brogger for his comments to the final version. Thanks to the security staff of Club de Yates (Manzanillo) for facilities during nocturnal sampling work. We thank the University of North Carolina for salary and laboratory support, and we thank the family of Carol Grotnes Belk for generous financial support. Samples were obtained under CONAPESCA permission PPF/DGOPA-014/21.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Microbiología y Taxonomía, Departamento de Ecología Aplicada, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, 45110, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico

    Cristian M. Galván-Villa & Leopoldo Díaz-Pérez

  2. Colección Nacional de Equinodermos “Ma. E. Caso Muñoz”, Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Francisco A. Solís-Marín

  3. Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28233, USA

    Karen Lopez, Colby T. Ford & Daniel A. Janies

  4. Florida Biodiversity Collection, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 8Th Avenue SE, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA

    Janessa Cobb

  5. Invertebrate Department, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, Brazil

    Carlos R. Rezende-Ventura & Nataly Slivak

  6. Center for Computational Intelligence to Predict Health and Environmental Risks (CIPHER), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28233, USA

    Colby T. Ford & Daniel A. Janies

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  1. Cristian M. Galván-Villa
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Correspondence to Cristian M. Galván-Villa.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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No animal testing was performed during this study.

Sampling and field studies

All necessary permits for sampling and observational field studies have been obtained by the authors from the competent authorities and are mentioned in the acknowledgments.

Data availability

Specimens are deposited at the biological collection of the Department of Ecology, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico, and at the National Collection of Echinoderms, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City. The sequences obtained in this study are deposited in GenBank. A GitHub Repository: https://github.com/colbyford/luidia_magnifica_in_mexican_pacific contains data, trees, and code used in analyses.

Author contribution

CMGV collected samples, conceived, and designed the manuscript. CMGV, LDP, DJ, and KL conducted sequencing and molecular analyses. JC, LDP, NS, and CRRV provided data and DNA sequences. FASM, DJ, JC, KL, and CMGV wrote the original draft. JC, DJ, CTF, KL, NS, and CMGV analyzed the data. FASM, JC, DJ, KL, NS, CRRV, and CMGV wrote and reviewed the final version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported partially by the GEF-Invasoras project with funds from PNUD (00089333 FSP-Fort, Capacidades para el Manejo de Especies Exóticas Invasoras 083999).

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Galván-Villa, C.M., Solís-Marín, F.A., Lopez, K. et al. Occurrence of the Indo-West Pacific starfish Luidia magnifica (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Mexican Pacific and a possible introduction to the Caribbean region. Mar. Biodivers. 54, 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-023-01397-2

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