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The Norilsk Ore Field: A New Metamorphic-Hydrothermal Mineral Association: Pure Zvyagintsevite and Silver, Hibbingite, Mn-Hibbingite, Siderite, Sphalerite, and Phosgenite in the Magmatogenic Putoranite Ores

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Abstract

Unique magmatogenic putoranite ores are developed within deep horizons (more than 1750 m) of the northeastern flank of the Oktyabr’skoe deposit in the Norilsk ore field. These are coarse-grained putoranite aggregates with lamellae of moihoekite and isolated pentlandite disproportionation. The composition of putoranite is [(Fe17.6–17.9Ni0.4–1.1Co0–01)18–19Cu15.8–17.0]35S32; the composition of moihoekite is [(Fe17.8–18.0Ni0.2–0.3Co0–01)18.2–18.3Cu17.7–17.8]36S32; petlandite contains 1.75 wt % of Co, its composition is (Ni4.41Fe4.36Co0.23)9S8. The ores hold pneumatolytic stannopalladinite Pd5CuSn2, polyarite Pd(Bi,Pb), plumbopolyarite Pd(Pb,Bi), tetraferroplatinum Pt2Fe(Fe,Cu,Ni), tulameenite Pt2Fe(Cu,Fe,Ni), and küstelite (Ag,Au). Bornite is widespread in tectonized ores, as well as later aggregates of hibbingite and Mn-hibbingite (Fe2+, Mn2+)2(OH)3Cl, siderite, and Mn-siderite (Fe2+, Mn2+)[CO3] that replaced magnetite and Cu-Fe-Ni sulfides. Pure zvyagintsevite Pd3Pb and native silver compose syngenetic inclusions in hibbingite and siderite aggregates. Pure zvyagintsevite also replaces pneumatolytic polyarite and plumbopolyarite, the material of which was the probable source of generation of metamorphic-hydrothermal zvyagintsevite. This zvyagintsevite is sharply different from pneumatolytic zvyagintsevite in not having Pt, Sn, Bi, Sb, and Hg. Hypogene phosgenite Pb2[Cl2/CO3] detected for the first time composes pseudomorphs after galena, sometimes intergrown with hibbingite. Being new among the Norilsk ores, the described mineral low-temperature metamorphic-hydrothermal association originated in the presence of carbon dioxide-chloride solutions under reducing conditions. The later hisingerite, bornite, and barite that replaced hibbingite and siderite were formed at increased fugacity of oxygen.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to T.L. Evstigneeva for constructive feedback.

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This work was conducted by using the equipment purchased with the funds provided by the Program of Development of Moscow State University.

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  1. Department of Geology, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    E. M. Spiridonov, Yu. A. Ivanova, D. I. Naumov, N. N. Korotaeva & A. A. Serova

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  1. E. M. Spiridonov
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  2. Yu. A. Ivanova
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Correspondence to E. M. Spiridonov, Yu. A. Ivanova, D. I. Naumov, N. N. Korotaeva or A. A. Serova.

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Translated by L. Mukhortova

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Spiridonov, E.M., Ivanova, Y.A., Naumov, D.I. et al. The Norilsk Ore Field: A New Metamorphic-Hydrothermal Mineral Association: Pure Zvyagintsevite and Silver, Hibbingite, Mn-Hibbingite, Siderite, Sphalerite, and Phosgenite in the Magmatogenic Putoranite Ores. Moscow Univ. Geol. Bull. 77, 426–440 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0145875222040081

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