Abstract
This review article presents information on the diversity of vegetation cover of Georgia and its ecological aspects. The article includes data on the floristic and vertical zonings in the country. The distribution of major biomasses has been analyzed both within the natural limits and on the background of the transformations resulting from anthropogenic impacts. In particular, peculiarities of the territorial distribution of forests and phytomasses have been evaluated. The plant formations with high phyto-resource indices have been discussed together with the reasons related to these observations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Altay V (2019) Ecology of Pinus sylvestris L. Forests - A case study from Istanbul (Turkey). Pak J Bot 51(5):1711–1718
Altay V, Ozyıgıt II, Yarcı C (2012a) Plant communities in urban habitats of Istanbul-Turkey. Pak J Bot 44:177–186
Altay V, Serın M, Yarcı C, Severoglu Z (2012b) Phytoecological and phytosociological investigations of the vegetation of Gölcuk (Kocaeli/Turkey). Ekoloji 21(84):74–89
Altay V, Silc U, Yarcı C et al (2020) Urban vegetation of the Anatolian side of Istanbul. Phytocoenologia 50(2):101–121
Anonymous (2000–2001) World resources 2000–2001. People and ecosystems. The flaying web of life. United Nations Development Programme, World Bank, World Resources Institute. Washington
Anonymous (2001a) Biodiversity of the Caucasus ecoregion – an analysis of biodiversity and current threats and initial investment portfolio. Baku-Erevan-Gland-Moscow-Tbilisi, 132 p
Anonymous (2001b) Geography of Georgia II. Tbilisi
Anonymous (2005) Global environment protection. UNDP, GEF, MOE, 60 p
Anonymous (2006) An ecoregional conservation plan for the Caucasica. May, Tbilisi
Avakova G (1989) Eocene flora of Akhaltsikhe. Tbilisi
Babunashvili G (2003) General ecology and environment protection. TSU, Tbilisi. 226 p
Beruchashvili N (2000) Diversity of Georgia’s landscapes and geographical analysis of landscape diversity of the World Biological and Landscape Diversity of Georgia. Proceedings of the First National Conference, May 28–29, 1999, Tbilisi, Georgia, Tbilisi, pp 221–250
Beruchashvili N, Shotadze M, Nickolaishvili D, Melikidze V (2002) Caucasus Environment Outlook (CEO) 2002. UNEP, 100 p
Bondirev I, Seperteladze Z, Salukvadze E et al (2008) Transformation to natural ambience of the Tbilisi City and its vicinities. Tbilisi, 157 p
Collinson AS (1988) Vegetation and climate: an introduction to world vegetation patterns. In: Introduction to World Vegetation. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 197–206
Elizbarashvili N, Matchavariani L, Nikolaishvili D et al (2000) Geography of Georgia, Tbilisi
Gagnidze R, Davitadze M (2000) Local flora, Batumi
Gegechkori A (2008) Biogeography. Chapter I, Biomes of the World. TSU, Tbilisi, 527 p
Gigauri G (2000) Biodiversity of forestry ecosystems of Georgia. Biological and landscape diversity of Georgia. Proceedings of the First National Conference, May 28–29, 1999, Tbilisi, Georgia, Tbilisi, pp 69–82
Grossgame A (1928) Flora of Caucasus, Tbilisi
Gvozdetsky N (1963) The Caucasus, Moscow
Imanberdieva N, Severoğlu Z, Kurmanbekova G et al (2018) Plant diversity of Ala-Archa Nature Park in Kyrgyzstan with emphasis on its economic potential. In: Egamberdieva D, Öztürk M (eds) Vegetation of Central Asia and Environs. Chapter 16. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, pp 365–381
Kadjaia G (1999) The fundamentals of applied ecology, Tbilisi
Ketskhoveli N (1959) Vegetation of Georgia. National Academy of Georgia, Tbilisi, 384 p
Kvachakhidze R (2009) Vegetation of Georgia, Tbilisi
Kvachakhidze R (2010) Geobotanical Districts of Georgia, Tbilisi
Kvavadze E (1974) Palynological studies of the Holocene peatbog in the Kolkhidka river mouth, West Georgia. MSU, Geography 5
Maruashvili L (1981) Physical geography of Georgia, Tbilisi
Nakhutsrishvili G (1988) Ecological characteristic of high mountain meadow vegetation (Kazbegi, central Caucasus). In: The ecology of high mountains. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, pp 175–200
Nakhutsrishvili G (2000) Georgia’s basic biomes. Biological and landscape diversity of Georgia. Proceedings of the First National Conference, May 28–29, 1999, Tbilisi, Georgia, Tbilisi pp 43–68
Nakhutsrishvli G (2013) The vegetation of Georgia (South Caucasus), XVI, 236 p
Nikolishvili D (2009) Spatial-temporary analysis of landscapes of Georgia. TSU, Tbilisi, 431 p
Nikolaishvili D, Sartania D, Ujmjuridze A et al (2016) Samtskhe-Javakheti, Tbilisi
Nikolaishvili D, Trapaidze V, Kalandadze B et al (2015) Complex evaluation of climate change – an example from Georgia’s landscapes. J Environ Biol 36:43–49
Ozturk M, Efe R, Çelık A et al (2012) Comparative study on biogeography of protected and degraded habitats in Dilek Peninsula, Turkey. J Balkan Ecol 15(4):383–392
Ozyıgıt S, Altay V, Ozyığıt II, Yarcı C (2015) Vegetation ecology of the Princes’ Islands, Istanbul-Turkey. J Environ Biol 36:113–120
Panova LA, Maligonova EI, Tabachnikova IP (1984) Miospores and tenoplankton of the Eocene-Oligocene deposits of the northern flange of Akhaltsikhe Depression. Collection Spores and pollen in the phanerozoic deposits. The Works of Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute, new series 327
Sezer Y, Altay V, Ozyıgıt II, Yarcı C (2015) Woody vegetation of Şile and its environs (Istanbul/Turkey) and destruction of the area. J Environ Biol 36:163–170
Shetekauri S (1999) Biotopes of Petrophytic flora of the High-mountain Caucasus. Bull Georgian Acad Sci 159:3
Shetekauri S (2017) Flora of Tusheti, Pshavi and Khevsureti (The East Greater Caucasus). Meridiani, Tbilisi, 527 p
Targamadze K, Chilhardze V (1976) Forest resources of Georgia. Sabchota Sakartvelo, Tbilisi, 103 p
Tediashvili A (1984) Research of Phytomass as a landscape-geophysical indictor. Thesis, Tbilisi
Tediashvili A (1987) Dynamics of phytomass of Natural-territorial complexes. Tbilisi-Stational Researches, What did they give? pp 82–97
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nikolaishvili, D. (2021). Plant Diversity and General Vegetation of Georgia. In: Öztürk, M., Altay, V., Efe, R. (eds) Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainability in Asia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59928-7_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59928-7_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-59927-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-59928-7
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)