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Phoma Diseases: Identification, Epidemiology, and Strategies for Management

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Phoma: Diversity, Taxonomy, Bioactivities, and Nanotechnology

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Abstract

Phoma spp. are very important plant pathogens over the world which are recorded as soil-borne and saprophytic species. Many crops are affected by the Phoma spp. diseases, such as potatoes, beets, legumes, ornamentals, and citrus plants. This chapter aims to understand better about identification, epidemiology, and the management of diseases caused by Phoma spp. Most of Phoma species were identified according to the morphological, biological, and molecular basis. Primary infection of hosts by Phoma species may occur through wounds, through stomata, or directly through the epidermis. Phoma spp. cause infection in high humidity. Phoma spp. diseases usually are controlled through a package of integrated disease management including cultivating of resistant varieties, conducting the best agricultural practices, and biological control, in addition to the chemical control through spraying the fungicides which is considered the most effective method in the case of epidemic infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Aleppo Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Aleppo, Syria

    Omar Atik

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  1. Omar Atik
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  1. Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

  2. Department of Plant Protection Institute of Plant Pathology and Mycology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin, Lubelskie, Poland

    Beata Zimowska

  3. Plant Protection Institute, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

    György János Kövics

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Atik, O. (2022). Phoma Diseases: Identification, Epidemiology, and Strategies for Management. In: Rai, M., Zimowska, B., Kövics, G.J. (eds) Phoma: Diversity, Taxonomy, Bioactivities, and Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81218-8_7

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