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Sinapis

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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources

Abstract

The polyphyletic mustard genus Sinapis, which probably originates from the Mediterranean region, belongs to the Brassicaceae family. In this genus, like in other crucifers, extensive synonymy and species subdivisions can be found. Recent publications suggest that Sinapis comprises four annual species: Sinapis alba L., S. arvensis L., S. flexuosa Poir., and S. pubescens L. Although S. alba for the most part should be regarded as a crop plant grown for condiments and oil, it is included in this chapter because of its wild populations. On the contrary to this, the other three representatives of the genus Sinapis are true wild species. Among the four Sinapis species, S. alba and S. arvensis, both of which are occurring cosmopolitically, are by far the most important genetic and breeding resources and in the special focus of this chapter. A huge amount of data on agronomic traits and interspecific trait transfer into crop species does exist. This is discussed here with a special focus on transfer of resistances to biotic stress, for example, Alternaria spp. and Leptosphaeria maculans.

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Acknowledgments

The author dedicates this chapter to Maria Dolores Sacristán, former leader of the group “Molecular genetics and cytogenetics of crop plants” at the Institute of Applied Genetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany. She founded my love for wild crucifers as gene resources and my special interest in the blackleg fungus, L. maculans. For nearly 20 years now, she always inspired me with her huge knowledge, in particular on interspecific hybridizations and cytogenetics.

Moreover, I especially acknowledge the significant contributions to parts of the results mentioned above of my former colleagues from Berlin, Antje Klewer (now: Rijk Zwaan Breeding B.V., Fijnaart, The Netherlands) and Antje Diestel, as well as those of Rod Snowdon, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen/Germany. I thank Bernhard Plümper for producing and analyzing the original hybrids and early backcross generations with the Sinapis species in both, the Alternaria spp. and L. maculans resistance transfer projects. Many thanks also to Hannelore Lehmann, Yvonne Bernhardt and Sabine Gillandt in Berlin and Jana Stephan in Dresden for excellent technical assistance. I gratefully acknowledge the financial support for parts of the projects given from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, from Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht, Hans-Georg Lembke KG, and from Professor Werner Schulze-Stiftung im Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft.

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  1. Department of Biology, Molecular Biotechnology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Hendrik Winter

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  1. Hendrik Winter
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  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Winter, H. (2011). Sinapis. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14871-2_17

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