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Blackflies (Simuliidae)

  • Chapter
Medical Insects and Arachnids

Abstract

The significance of Simuliidae among medically important insects is twofold: first, that this family includes all the carriers of human onchocerciasis (′river blindness′), and secondly that the species include some of the world′s most persistent and demoralizing man-biting insect pests. There are several areas of the world, such as rural eastern Canada and southern New Zealand, where simuliids are the most dreaded noxious arthropods even though they transmit no human disease. In tropical medicine, however, it is the role of simuliids as vectors of human onchocerciasis that makes headlines in the fast-growing literature about this disease (Muller and Horsburgh, 1987: bibliography). All vectors belong to Simulium. In this genus, as in other Simuliidae and other biting Nematocera, only the females suck blood and males are harmless. The hosts are birds and mammals (only warmblooded vertebrates are bitten).

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  1. Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum (British Museum (Natural History)), Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, London, UK

    Richard P. Lane  & Roger W. Crosskey  & 

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Crosskey, R.W. (1993). Blackflies (Simuliidae). In: Lane, R.P., Crosskey, R.W. (eds) Medical Insects and Arachnids. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1554-4_6

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