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Serpulid tube-worms (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the central and eastern mediterranean with particular attention to the Levant Basin

Röhrenwürmer der Familie Serpulidae (Annelida Polychaeta) aus dem zentralen und östlichen Mittelmeer unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Levantimschen Beckens

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Abstract

This paper is centered on an analysis of the Serpulidae collected by theMETEOR 5 andMETEOR 25 expeditions (1987 and 1993) in the Eastern Mediterranean, depths 36–4765 m, mainly deep samples Deep samples collected with theSHIKMONA off the northern coast of Israel are also included Twenty-five taxa (determined to 21 species and 4 species complexes) were obtained from these combined sourcesHyalopomatus variorugosus sp. nov. is described; a minute species, with tubes that can combine both rugose and smooth sections, it is present throughout the Central and Eastern Mediterranean in ca 800–2000 mProtis arctica, a deep-water species, is a new record for the Mediterranean Together withFilogranula stellata, these two species comprise an assemblage inhabiting the deeper parts of the Mediterranean sea floor From ca 2500 m to the deepest depth sampled, the only inhabited tubes (i.e., live specimens) were ofProtis arctica Five species are newly recorded from the Levant coast of Israel/EgyptSemivermilia agglutinata, a species occurring in rather deep waters,Metavermilia multicristata, Filogranula calyculata, F. gracilis andSemivermilia cribrata

All records of Serpulidae sampled in the Levant Basin are compiled, including unpublished records provided byH. Zibrowius (Marseille) from French cruises to eastern Crete and southwestern Turkey The revised total number of Serpulidae known from the Levant Basin comes to 47 taxa (determined to 43 species and 4 species complexes) belonging to 20 genera, excluding the estuarine-hypersaline species,Ficopomatus enigmaticus An analysis of the depth distribution shows that the number of species censused rises from 15 in the shallowest depths (up to ca 1 m) to 31 between 40–100 m, then decreases to 12 between 400–800 m, to 6 between 1000–2500 m, and to a single species in the deepest waters Several biogeographic hypotheses have been evaluated

Kurzfassung

Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf der Untersuchung der Serpulidae, die während derMETEOR 5 undMETEOR 25 Expedition (1987 und 1993) im östlichen Mittelmeer gesammelt wurden. Die Probenahme erfolgte in Tiefen von 36–4765 m, wobei die Mehrzahl der Proben aus größeren Tiefen stammt. Bathyale Proben, die während Fahrten mit derSHIKMONA vor der nördlichen Küste Israels gesammelt wurden, sind ebenfalls berücksichtigt. In der Gesamtheit dieser Proben wurden 25 Taxa (21 Arten und 4 Artenkomplexe) nachgewiesen. Eine neue, sehr kleine Art,Hyalopomatus variorugosus sp. nov., wird beschrieben, deren Röhren sowohl Abschnitte mit skulpturierter als auch mit glatter Oberfläche aufweisen können. Die Art ist im zentralen und östlichen Mittelmeer in Tiefen von 800–2000 m weit verbreitet.Protis arctica, eine Tiefwasserart, wird erstmals für das Mittelmeer nachgewiesen. Diese beiden Arten bewohnen, häufig vergesellschaftet mitFilogranula stellata, die tiefen Regionen des Mittelmeeres. Von ca. 2500 m bis in die größten untersuchten Tiefen kommen bewohnte Röhren, d.h. lebende Tiere, lediglich vonProtis arctica vor.

Fünf Arten sind Neunachweise für die israelisch/ägyptische Küste des Levantinischen Beckens:Semivermilia agglutinata, eine Art, die in relativ großen Tiefen vorkommt,Metavermilia multicristata, Filogranula calyculata, F. gracilis undSemivermilia cribrata.

Für das Levantinischen Becken werden alle Nachweise von Serpuliden zusammengestellt, incl. bisher unveröffentlichter Angaben von französischen Expeditionen in die Gewässer östlich von Kreta und südwestlich der Türkei. Diese Daten wurden freundlicherweise vonH. Zibrowius (Marseille) zur Verfügung gestellt. Die revidierte Gesamtzahl der Serpuliden des Levantinischen Beckens beträgt demnach 47 Taxa (43 Arten und 4 Artenkomplexe) aus 20 Gattungen; ausgenommen ist die ArtFicopomatus enigmaticus, die in hypersalinen Bereichen von Flußmündungen vorkommt. Eine Untersuchung der Tiefenverteilung im Levantinischen Becken zeigt, daß die Anzahl der Arten zunächst mit steigender Tiefe von 15 im flachen Wasser (bis ca. 1 m Tiefe) auf 31 in Tiefen zwischen 40 m und 100 m zunimmt, um dann auf 12 (400–800 m), 6 (1000–2500 m) und schließlich in den größten Tiefen auf eine einzige Art abzunehmen. Einige biogeografische Hypothesen werden diskutiert.

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  1. Section of Invertebrates, The Scientific Collections, The Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel

    M. N. Ben-Eliahu

  2. Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Sencken-berg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325, Frankfurt a. M., Germany

    D. Fiege

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Ben-Eliahu, M.N., Fiege, D. Serpulid tube-worms (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the central and eastern mediterranean with particular attention to the Levant Basin. Senckenbergiana maritima 28, 1–51 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03042821

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