Gnomonia comari (stem-end rot)
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Gnomonia comari P. Karst.
- Preferred Common Name
- stem-end rot
- Other Scientific Names
- Gloeosporium fragariae Arnaud
- Gnomonia agrimoniae Bref. & Tavel
- Gnomonia fragariae Kleb.
- Gnomonia fragariae f.sp. fructicola Arnaud
- Gnomonia fructicola (Arnaud) Fall
- Gnomonia guttalata (Starbäck) Kirschst.
- Gnomonia herbicola A.L. Sm.
- Gnomonia occulta Kirschst.
- Gnomonia pusilla Sacc. & Flageolet
- Phyllosticta grandimaculans Bubá & K. Krieg.
- Zythia fragariae Laib.
- International Common Names
- Englishfruit rot: strawberryleaf blotchleaf blotch: strawberrystem-end fruit rotstrawberry fruit rot
- Spanishenrojecimiento y desecacion parasitaria del follajpodredumbre de la fresa
- Frenchanthracnose du fraisierbrulure du petiole du fraisiermaladie des taches brunesrougissement et desséchement du fraisier
- Local Common Names
- GermanyBlattfleckenkrankheit: ErdbeereFruchtfaeule: Erdbeere
- EPPO code
- GNOMFR (Gnomonia fructicola)
Pictures
Symptoms on strawberry
G. comari: symptoms of leaf blotch on strawberry leaves.
©INRA, Avignon
Symptoms on strawberry
G. comari: Symptoms of leaf blotch on strawberry leaves.
©INRA, Avignon
G. comari in culture
G. comari: culture after isolation; ascomata in centre with mycelium forming conidia in a yellowish mucus.
©INRA, Avignon
Ascomata
©INRA, Avignon
Conidia of Zythia
G. comari: conidia of Zythia.
©INRA, Avignon
Asci and ascospores
©INRA, Avignon
Asci and ascospores
©INRA, Avignon
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
| Host | Host status | References |
|---|---|---|
| Alchemilla (Lady's mantle) | Other | |
| Berberis (barberries) | Other | |
| Camellia japonica (camellia) | Other | |
| Epilobium hirsutum (great hairy willowherb) | Other | |
| Fragaria (strawberry) | Other | |
| Fragaria ananassa (strawberry) | Other | Camele et al. (2006) Fang et al. (2011) |
| Geum (avens) | Other | |
| Potentilla (Cinquefoil) | Other | |
| Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) | Main |
Symptoms
On leaves, the fungus causes purplish and brownish blotches, and often, after harvest, some large necrotic spots. The fruit rot stage causes a brown discoloration, infection is often followed by Botrytis cinerea and the primary fungus is not so evident. Roots are also attacked resulting in a brownish rot and the whole plant can wilt. G. comari is also pathogenic on runners in cold storage (Guttridge and Montgomerie, 1971).
List of Symptoms/Signs
| Symptom or sign | Life stages | Sign or diagnosis |
|---|---|---|
| Plants/Fruit/lesions: black or brown | ||
| Plants/Inflorescence/lesions; flecking; streaks (not Poaceae) | ||
| Plants/Leaves/necrotic areas | ||
| Plants/Roots/rot of wood | ||
| Plants/Whole plant/plant dead; dieback |
Prevention and Control
Dipping strawberry plants in thiram (Guttridge and Montgomerie, 1971) or benomyl (Maas, 1974) during cold storage decrease wilting especially by Gnomonia. Washington et al. (1999) found that thiram, iprodione and phosphorus acid reduced leather stem end rot by 55 to 100%. In practice, applications against Botrytis are sufficient to control stem end rot.
Impact
The disease is generally economically unimportant. Damage may be higher though, because infection can be masked by infection with Botrytis cinerea. G. comari is rarely found as a parasite because it is not easy to isolate. According to Bolay (1971), damage may cause 70% yield loss.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 17 November 2021
Language
English
Authors
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