Code
BRABR
Growth form
Grass
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Brachiaria brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf |
| synonym | Brachiaria brizantha subsp. angustifolia Stent & J.M.Rattray |
| synonym | Brachiaria brizantha subsp. ciliata Basappa & Muniy. |
| synonym | Brachiaria gangangalaensis Vanderyst |
| synonym | Brachiaria manzonzoensis Vanderyst |
| synonym | Panicum brizanthum A.Rich. |
| synonym | Urochloa brizantha var. ciliata (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair |
🗒 Common Names
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| Spanish; Castilian |
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📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Urochloa brizantha is a vivacious grass with stolons and rhizomes that can reach 2m high. The culms are strong and decumbent. The ligule is ciliate. The leaf blade is linear or lanceolate. The inflorescence is composed of linear racemes distributed along the central axis.
First leaves
The prefoliation is rolled.
General habit
Urochloa brizantha is a rhizomatous vivacious plant generally 60-120 cm tall but can reach 2 m tall in good conditions.
Underground system
The underground system is made up of a dense fasciculate roots that develop easily at the lower nodes and has short rhizomes.
Culm
The culms are strong and decumbent, 30–200 cm long and stay green all year long. It is cylindrical.
Leaf
Leaf sheath is cylindrical and glabrous. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades linear, or lanceolate; 10–100 cm long; 3–20 mm wide, glabrous.
Inflorescence
Inflorescence composed of 2 to 16 racemes borne of 4 to 20 cm long along a central axis. Rhachis narrowly winged, 1 mm wide and ciliate on margins.
Spikelet
The spikelets are arranged in 1 or 2 rows on the lower side of the rachis. The spikelets are elliptic, 4-6 mm long with short pedicels. Lower glume is ovate, membranous, not keeled, 1/3 of the length of the spikelet, with obtuse or acute apex. Upper glume oblong, as long as the spikelet, cartilaginous, not keeled, glabrous or pubescent. Basal floret male, lemma similar to upper glume, plea present. Upper floret fertile. Lemma elliptic 3,5-5,5 mm long, indurate with granulose surface and involute margins, apex acute. Palea indurate and involute.
Fruit
Spikelet are falling entire at maturity.
wiktrop
| Attributions | wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Look Alikes
Urochloa brizantha has a very variable morphology. It is very close to Urochloa eminii, although slightly bushier, with slightly different spikelets and shorter rhizomes.
wiktrop
| Attributions | wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
Origin
Urochloa brizantha is native to Africa.
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced as a fodder plant in many parts of the tropical world: tropical Asia, Australia, South and central America.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
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Agronomy
Forages:
Urochloa brizantha provides good fodder. It grows best in deep soils, remaining cool in the dry season, but it can also give an interesting yield on ferrallitic soils if they are not too degraded.
It is cultivated in ecologically very different areas. In each of these areas, its hardiness, resistance to drought, and its ability to spread make it a particularly suitable forage species.
Its cultivation is easy, and its operation does not require special precautions, very resistant to grazing, it withers and ensiles easily. At the end of the dry season, the persistence of the green color makes it a very sought after species of cattle. It allows the establishment of associations with other grasses and fabaceae.
Service plant:
Urochloa brizantha is also successfully used as a ground cover to control erosion but also to reduce weeds thanks to its rapid growth.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- GrassBase http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/imp01427.htm
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943736-1
- Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/490
- Granier P., Lahore J. 1966 Amélioration des pâturages, le Brachiaria brizantha dans La Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux https://agritrop.cirad.fr/444583/
- César J., Chatelain C. 2019 Flore du Tchad https://www.cjbg.ch/sites/default/files/publications/FloreTchad-publication-CJBG-2019-erratum-2019-inclus.pdf
- Bosser J. 1969 Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/doc34-08/13413.pdf
Information Listing > References
- GrassBase http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/imp01427.htm
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943736-1
- Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/490
- Granier P., Lahore J. 1966 Amélioration des pâturages, le Brachiaria brizantha dans La Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux https://agritrop.cirad.fr/444583/
- César J., Chatelain C. 2019 Flore du Tchad https://www.cjbg.ch/sites/default/files/publications/FloreTchad-publication-CJBG-2019-erratum-2019-inclus.pdf
- Bosser J. 1969 Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/doc34-08/13413.pdf
Images
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No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Urochloa |
| Species | Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) R. D. Webster |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
