Code
ANELA
Life form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
ANELA
Life form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Lamprodithyros lanceolatus (Benth.) Hassk. |
🗒 Common Names
| No Data |
📚 Overview
Description
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Global description
Aneilema lanceolatum is a vivacious species with a fusiform tuberous root system. The plant is tufted. The leaves of the base are reduced while those of the upper part are more developed. The blue flowers are grouped in terminal panicles and bloom in the morning.
Cotyledon
The cotyledon is not visible because it remains in the seed.
First leaves
The first leaf is linear to lanceolate. It is 3 to 4 cm long and 0.8 cm wide. The base of the blade weakens in a sheath with a margin strongly ciliated. The limb is traversed by parallel veins. The following leaves lengthen and widen gradually. In the case of plants resulting from the restart of the underground buds, remained latent on the tuberous roots, the first leaves are reduced. They are 1 to 2 cm long. The following are progressively longer.
General habit
The general port of the plant is erect. It is usually small tuft branching at the base of the main axis. It can reach 60 cm high.
Underground system
The roots of adult plants are tuberous, spindle-shaped. They measure up to 10 cm long and 1 cm in diameter. They are grouped into a bundle of 4 to 6 roots at the base of the plant. Root tuberization begins at the 3- or 4-leaf stage for germinated plants.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and covered with tubercular hairs at the base.
Leaf
The leaves are of linear to lanceolate shape. Along the underground part of the stem, the leaves are very small. Above the soil surface, at the base of the plant, they are poorly developed. The leaves of the upper part are up to 13 cm long and 2 cm wide. The base of the blade is slightly attenuated before the sheath. The margin of the limb is cartilaginous and scabrous. The upper and lower faces are scabrous.
Inflorescence
The flowers are grouped in terminal inflorescences. These inflorescences are panicles of conical shape, measuring 1.5 to 5 cm in diameter and 3 to 10 cm high. The flowers gradually appear as the secondary axes of the inflorescence grow.
Flower
The flowers are inserted on a long peduncle, in the axil of a leafy bract that surrounds the axis. The three sepals are symmetrical while the three petals are unequal. The anterior petal is reduced and elliptical in shape. The posterior petals, more developed, are spatulate. Of the six stamens, three are fertile and well developed, the other three are reduced to sterile staminodes. The flowers blue, sometimes of a very light blue color, bloom in the morning.
Fruit
The fruit is a dehiscent capsule usually comprising two boxes. Each of these boxes contains 2 seeds. The capsule, ellipsoidal in shape and strangled in the middle, carries at the top the rest of the style. It is 0.7 cm long and 0.5 mm wide. The outer walls are dotted with glandular hairs.
Seed
The seed is ellipsoid in shape, truncated at the base. It is dark gray in color and 3 mm long. The tegument is riddled with small hollow.
Aneilema lanceolatum is a vivacious species with a fusiform tuberous root system. The plant is tufted. The leaves of the base are reduced while those of the upper part are more developed. The blue flowers are grouped in terminal panicles and bloom in the morning.
Cotyledon
The cotyledon is not visible because it remains in the seed.
First leaves
The first leaf is linear to lanceolate. It is 3 to 4 cm long and 0.8 cm wide. The base of the blade weakens in a sheath with a margin strongly ciliated. The limb is traversed by parallel veins. The following leaves lengthen and widen gradually. In the case of plants resulting from the restart of the underground buds, remained latent on the tuberous roots, the first leaves are reduced. They are 1 to 2 cm long. The following are progressively longer.
General habit
The general port of the plant is erect. It is usually small tuft branching at the base of the main axis. It can reach 60 cm high.
Underground system
The roots of adult plants are tuberous, spindle-shaped. They measure up to 10 cm long and 1 cm in diameter. They are grouped into a bundle of 4 to 6 roots at the base of the plant. Root tuberization begins at the 3- or 4-leaf stage for germinated plants.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and covered with tubercular hairs at the base.
Leaf
The leaves are of linear to lanceolate shape. Along the underground part of the stem, the leaves are very small. Above the soil surface, at the base of the plant, they are poorly developed. The leaves of the upper part are up to 13 cm long and 2 cm wide. The base of the blade is slightly attenuated before the sheath. The margin of the limb is cartilaginous and scabrous. The upper and lower faces are scabrous.
Inflorescence
The flowers are grouped in terminal inflorescences. These inflorescences are panicles of conical shape, measuring 1.5 to 5 cm in diameter and 3 to 10 cm high. The flowers gradually appear as the secondary axes of the inflorescence grow.
Flower
The flowers are inserted on a long peduncle, in the axil of a leafy bract that surrounds the axis. The three sepals are symmetrical while the three petals are unequal. The anterior petal is reduced and elliptical in shape. The posterior petals, more developed, are spatulate. Of the six stamens, three are fertile and well developed, the other three are reduced to sterile staminodes. The flowers blue, sometimes of a very light blue color, bloom in the morning.
Fruit
The fruit is a dehiscent capsule usually comprising two boxes. Each of these boxes contains 2 seeds. The capsule, ellipsoidal in shape and strangled in the middle, carries at the top the rest of the style. It is 0.7 cm long and 0.5 mm wide. The outer walls are dotted with glandular hairs.
Seed
The seed is ellipsoid in shape, truncated at the base. It is dark gray in color and 3 mm long. The tegument is riddled with small hollow.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
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Northern Cameroon: In cultivated plot, Aneilema lanceolatum is a species of beginning of the crop cycle. The buds remained latent in the soil at the level of the tubers, develop after the first rains in May. The first leaves appear in May and June. Flowering occurs quickly in July and may last until August and September if the plant is not rooted. After weeding or hilling, the plant is not restarted, which explains its absence at the end of the crop cycle in the regularly maintained plots.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
Aneilema lanceolatum is a vivicious species whose aerial apparatus disappears completely during the dry season. The plant is then reduced to an underground stem fragment and a bundle of tuberous roots. It reproduces either by fragments of stems which, during the rainy season, can be rooted at the nodes, or by seeds which, produced in the middle and end of the rainy season, will germinate at the beginning of the next rainy season.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Ecology
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Northern Cameroon: Aneilema lanceolatum is a very common species throughout the grassland and treed savanna zone, from the Sahelo-Sudanian regions whose annual rainfall is close to 800 mm to the Sudanian regions whose annual rainfall is close to 1 300 mm . It has no notable soil preference, although it is very infrequent on vertisol. It is characteristic of young plots, cultivated for less than 10 years. Its tuberous roots are at a depth of between 5 and 15 cm; thus, this species is more particularly maintained in traditional crops, without plowing or with manual or surface tying, which does not reach the tuberous roots.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
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Worldwide distribution
Aneilema lanceolatum is a species found in Sudano-Sahelian Africa from Burkina Faso to Sudan and East Africa to Kenya and Uganda.
Aneilema lanceolatum is a species found in Sudano-Sahelian Africa from Burkina Faso to Sudan and East Africa to Kenya and Uganda.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local weediness
North Cameroon: In North Cameroon, Aneilema lanceolatum is present in about 50% of cultivated fields, but is only very rarely abundant.
North Cameroon: In North Cameroon, Aneilema lanceolatum is present in about 50% of cultivated fields, but is only very rarely abundant.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1968. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. III part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 276p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 640 p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
Information Listing > References
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1968. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. III part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 276p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 640 p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Aneilema%2520lanceolatum
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Commelinales |
| Family | Commelinaceae |
| Genus | Aneilema |
| Species | Aneilema lanceolatum Benth. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
