Code
HEOEU
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Heliotropium album St.-Lag. |
| synonym | Heliotropium canescens Moench |
| synonym | Heliotropium carduchorum C.Koch |
| synonym | Heliotropium commutatum Roem. & Schult. |
| synonym | Heliotropium dioscoridis Bub. |
| synonym | Heliotropium erectum Lam. |
| synonym | Heliotropium europaeum subsp. tenuiflorum (Guss.) Nyman |
| synonym | Heliotropium europaeum var. tenuiflorum Guss. |
| synonym | Heliotropium glandulosum R.Br. |
| synonym | Heliotropium gymnocarpum Borb. |
| synonym | Heliotropium humile Salisb. |
| synonym | Heliotropium lacunarium F.Muell. |
| synonym | Heliotropium majus Garsault |
| synonym | Heliotropium oblongifolium Hornem. |
| synonym | Heliotropium pycnanthum P.Candargy |
| synonym | Heliotropium stevenianum Andrz. |
| synonym | Heliotropium subcanescens Stev. |
| synonym | Heliotropium supinum Pall. ex Georgi |
| synonym | Heliotropium tenuiflorum (Guss.) Guss. |
| synonym | Heliotropium vulgare Gaterau |
🗒 Common Names
| Chinese |
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| English |
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| French |
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| Italian |
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| Spanish; Castilian |
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📚 Overview
Description
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Seedling
Cotyledons oval with rounded tips, 4-8 x 3-4 mm, petiolate, pubescent. Primordial leaves rosette-shaped, ovate-lanceolate with clearly visible veins, petiolate, pubescent-greyish. The hypocotyle axis is short and whitish. The seedling is greyish green.
Adult plant
Heliotropium europaeum is an annual plant with an upright or diffuse habit and greyish-green hairs. The stem is greyish-pubescent and very branched, up to 60 cm long. Leaves softly pubescent on both sides, all petiolate, ovate to elliptic, obtuse, with entire margin and converging veins. Inflorescences are arranged in pairs in dense, unilateral scorpioid cymes, which grow up to 20 cm long after flowering. White flowers with yellow throat, small, about 4 mm long. Fruit in the form of an ovoid, warty, greenish or blackish tetrakene, with a pubescent and sometimes glandular dorsal surface, 2 x 1.5 mm.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Algeria: Heliotropium europaeum germinates in late spring and summer, flowering from May to October.
China: Heliotropium europaeum flowers and fruits from July to September.
Morocco: Heliotropium europaeum flowers and fruits from February to April and after the autumn rains in October and November.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Reproduction
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Heliotropium europaeum reproduces by seed.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Size
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Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Prostrated
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Simple
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Hollow stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Achene
Achene type
Achene without pappus
Cotyledon type
orbicular
truncate
Lamina base
rounded
Lamina margin
hairy
undulate
Lamina apex
rounded
Upperface pilosity
Dense hairy
Upperface hair type
Pubescent
Lowerface pilosity
Dense hairy
Lowerface hair type
Pubescent
Simple leaf type
Lamina elliptic
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
Curved and united with the vein above
in arc
Flower color
White
Inflorescence type
Scorpiod cyme
Stem pilosity
Dense hairy
Stem hair type
Pubescent
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Physiology
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Heliotropium europaeum is a C3 species.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
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Algeria: Heliotropium europaeum is a thermophilic species, uncommon in annual crops (spring and summer weeds) and perennial crops in the north of the country. It prefers sandy to sandy-loam soils that are fairly rich in nitrogen, where summer vegetation is abundant and requires additional cultivation.
Morocco: Heliotropium europaeum is a very common species. It is a ruderal and a nitrophile that thrives in pastures, wasteland and crops at altitudes of 0 to 2000 m.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
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Description
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Origin
Heliotropium europaeum is native to the Mediterranean-Macaronesian-Irano-Turanian region, as far as south India.
Worldwide distribution
Introduced in South Africa, Eritrea, Ethiopia, northern China, southern Australia and a few states in the southern USA.
Algeria: Common throughout the Tell.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Algeria: Heliotropium europaeum is a minor "weed". Infrequent and not very abundant, it is not generally a problem for crops. It is most harmful in catch crops (chickpeas, lentils) where it can be relatively abundant.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Kazi Tani C., Grard P. & Le Bourgeois T., 2021. "AdvenAlg 1.0 Identification et connaissance des principales adventices d'Algérie méditerranéenne." Al Yasmina, Revue de Botanique 2(3): 1-187.
- Flora Maroccana (Dobignard A.) https://www.floramaroccana.fr/h.-europaeum.html
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:116833-1
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HEOEU
- Flora of China http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019032
- The World Flora Online https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000718566
Information Listing > References
- Kazi Tani C., Grard P. & Le Bourgeois T., 2021. "AdvenAlg 1.0 Identification et connaissance des principales adventices d'Algérie méditerranéenne." Al Yasmina, Revue de Botanique 2(3): 1-187.
- Flora Maroccana (Dobignard A.) https://www.floramaroccana.fr/h.-europaeum.html
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:116833-1
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HEOEU
- Flora of China http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019032
- The World Flora Online https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000718566
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Heliotropium%2520europaeum
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Boraginales |
| Family | Boraginaceae |
| Genus | Heliotropium |
| Species | Heliotropium europaeum L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
