Meliaceae
Toona

Toona ciliata M.Roem.

First published in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 139 (1846)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is S. China to Tropical Asia. It is a tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya

Introduced into:

Afghanistan, Cuba, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hawaii, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mozambique, Northern Provinces, Puerto Rico, Solomon Is., St.Helena, Tanzania, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India. Pleione 3: 190-200.
  • Timberlake, J.R., Bayliss, J., Alves, T., Francisco, J., Harris, T., Nangoma, D. & de Sousa, C. (2009). Biodiversity and Conservation of Mchese Mountain, Malawi. Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award 15/036: 1-71. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wongprasert, T., Phengklai, C. & Boonthavikoon, T. (2011). A synoptic account of the Meliaceae of Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 210-266.

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

  • Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203. [Cited as Toona hexandra.]
  • Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68. [Cited as Toona hexandra.]

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Broicz, K. (1982). Flora Iranica 153: 1-15. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Caminho, J., Mutemba, L., Matusse, E., Osborne, J., Wursten, B., Burrows, J., Cianciullo, S., Malatesta, L. & Attorre, F. (2022). An updated checklist of Mozambique’s vascular plants. PhytoKeys 189: 61-80.
  • Choudhary, R.K., Srivastava, R.C., Das, A.K. & Lee, J. (2012). Floristic diversity assessment and vegetation analysis of Upper Siang district of eastern Himalaya in North East India. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 42: 222-246.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203.
  • Kalkman, C. & al. (eds.) (1995-1996). Flora Malesiana 12: 1-784. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Lambdon, P. (2012). Flowering plants & ferns of St Helena: 1-624. Pisces publications for St Helena nature conservation group.
  • Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India. Pleione 3: 190-200.
  • Styles, B.T. & White, F. (1991). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Meliaceae: 1-67.
  • Timberlake, J.R., Bayliss, J., Alves, T., Francisco, J., Harris, T., Nangoma, D. & de Sousa, C. (2009). Biodiversity and Conservation of Mchese Mountain, Malawi. Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award 15/036: 1-71. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R. & Sohmer, S.H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, rev. ed., 1: 1-988. University of Hawai'i Press, Bishop Museum Press.
  • Wongprasert, T., Phengklai, C. & Boonthavikoon, T. (2011). A synoptic account of the Meliaceae of Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 210-266.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Dale, Introd. Trees Uganda: 69 (1953).
  • F. White & Styles in Flora of Southern Africa 18(3): 61 (1986).
  • J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 318(1949).
  • M. Roemer, Synops. Monogr. Hesp. 1: 139 (1846).
  • Styles in E. Afr. Agric. Journ. 39: 417 (1974).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jul 1, 2000 Wilcox, J.F. [s.n.] Australia K000657839 Holotype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Baker [2572] India K000657865 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Haines, H.H. [2571] India K000657860 Type Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Haines, H.H. [2571] India K000657859 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Gamble, J.S. [23384] Pakistan K000657872 Isosyntype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Mueller, F.J.H., von [s.n.] Australia K000657841 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Roxburgh, W. [s.n.] India K000657858 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 1, 2000 s.coll. [s.n.] India K000657857 Type Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Haines, H.H. [357] India K000657866 Type Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Perrottet, G.S. [113] India K000657869 Isosyntype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Gamble, J.S. [23054] Pakistan K000657871 Isotype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 s.coll. [s.n.] India K000657868 Isosyntype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Strachey, R.; Winterbottom, J.E. [1] India K000657870 Isotype Yes
Mar 1, 2000 Leslie, A. [s.n.] Australia K000657840 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 1, 2000 s.coll. [s.n.] India K000657867 Type Yes
Feb 3, 2000 King, G. [s.n.] India K000657864 Type Yes
Feb 3, 2000 King, G. [s.n.] India K000657863 Isosyntype Yes
Feb 2, 2000 King, G. [s.n.] India K000657861 Isosyntype Yes
Feb 2, 2000 King, G. [s.n.] India K000657862 Type Yes
Jan 19, 2000 Delavay, J.M. [s.n.] China K000657876 Isosyntype Yes
Jan 18, 2000 Henry, A. [9486A] China K000657875 Isosyntype Yes
Jan 18, 2000 Henry, A. [9486] China K000657874 Unknown Type Material Yes
Styles, B.T. [266] Uganda K:SPC-06049.021 No
Gamble, J.S. [426A] India Toona microcarpa K000657851 Type Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Wood Anatomy Microscope Slides

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/