Ergative Verbs
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How to use Ergative verbs For more English tutorials, please visit: https://www.thelecturette.com
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Ergative Verbs
- 2. Ergative Verbs Some verbs can be used as transitive verbs to focus on the person who performs the action, and as intransitive verbs to focus on the thing affected by the action. When I opened the door, there was Laverne. Suddenly the door opened.
- 3. Ergative Verbs Note: The object of the transitive verb, in this case ‘the door’, is the subject of the intransitive verb. Verbs like these are called ‘ergative’ verbs. When I opened the door, there was Laverne. Suddenly the door opened.
- 4. Ergative Verbs Ergative verbs often refer to: • changes begin dry improve start break end increase stop change finish slow tear crack grow
- 5. Ergative Verbs I broke the glass. The glass broke all over the floor. The driver stopped the car. A big car stopped.
- 6. Ergative Verbs • cooking bake cook fry roast boil defrost melt simmer
- 7. Ergative Verbs I’ ve boiled an egg. The porridge is boiling. I’ m cooking spaghetti. The rice is cooking.
- 8. Ergative Verbs • position or movement balance move rock stand stand close open shake turn drop rest
- 9. Ergative Verbs She rested her head on her shoulder. Her head rested on the table. An explosion shook the hotel. The whole room shook.
- 10. Ergative Verbs • vehicles back drive reverse sail crash fly run
- 11. Ergative Verbs He had crashed the car twice. Her car crashed into a tree. She sailed her yacht round the world. The ship sailed on Monday.
- 12. Ergative Verbs Some verbs can be used in these two ways only with a small set of nouns. For example, you can say ‘He fired a gun’ or ‘The gun fired’. You can do the same with other words referring to types of gun, ‘cannon’, ‘pistol’, or ‘rifle’. However, although you can say ‘He fired a bullet’, you cannot say ‘The bullet fired’.
- 13. Ergative Verbs catch: belt, cloth, clothing, dress, shirt, trousers fire: cannon, gun, pistol, rifle play: guitar, music, piano, violin ring: alarm, bell show: anger, disappointment, emotions, fear, joy sound: alarm, bell, horn
- 14. Ergative Verbs I caught my dress on the fence. My tights caught on a nail. A car was sounding its horn. A horn sounded in the night.
- 15. Ergative Verbs A few verbs can be used in both ways, but need an adverbial when they are used without an object. clean handle polish stain freeze mark sell wash
- 16. Ergative Verbs He sells books. This book is selling well. She had handled a machine gun. This car handles very nicely.
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