Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (V

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Contributions from the United States National Herbarium
Volume 55: 1-584
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
(VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro;
GUYANA, SURINAM, FRENCH GUIANA)
by
V. Funk,T. Hollowell, P. Berry, C. Kelloff, and S. N. Alexander
Department of Botany
National Museum of Natural History
Washington, DC
2007
ABSTRACT
Funk, V., T. Hollowell, P. Berry, C. Kelloff, and S. N. Alexander. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana
Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions
from the United States National Herbarium, volume 55, 584 pages. This volume contains a checklist of the
plants of the Guiana Shield Area (northeastern South America) produced using information gathered from historical and recent
collections as well as many recent expeditions. The Guiana Shield, as treated here, includes the countries of Guyana and
Surinam, French Guiana (a part of France) and the Venezuelan states of Amazonas, Bolivar, and Delta Amacuro. The checklist
contains 257 vascular plant families with 13,367 species. According to the list 6,791 of those species are from Amazonas, 6,669
from Bolívar, 1,651 from Delta Amacuro, 7,112 from Guyana, 4,984 from Surinam, and 5,406 are from French Guiana. Of these
species, 293 (2.2%) are estimated to be introduced and naturalized and even fewer are invasive. The small number of naturalized
species is a good indication of the large amount of intact vegetation from this area of South America. The largest family is the
Leguminoseae with 146 genera containing 1032 species; 41 families are represented by only one species. Over 250 scientists
from around the world participated in this project by identifying specimens and checking species lists. This volume should be of
use to students, taxonomists, ecologists, and conservation biologists, as well as to interested amateurs.
KEY WORDS (not in title): South America, biodiversity, endemic species, invasive species
DATE OF PUBLICATION: 31 July 2007
Cover Design by Alice R. Tangerini: front, illustration by Alice R. Tangerini: new species of Paloue, habit,
leaf base detail, ovary detail, anther and stipules (K.M. Redden 4027); back, illustration by Alice R.
Tangerini: Nautilocalyx pemphidius L. Skog; habit, flower bud, open flower, corolla face, longitudinal
section of flower, stamens, pistil, and nectary, fruit, seeds (Bell 324)
Contributions from the United States National Herbarium (ISSN 0097-1618) Department of Botany, National
Museum of Natural History, MRC-166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium, Department
of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC-166, P.O. Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard
for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48—1984.
The periodical, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, was first published in 1890 by
The United States Department of Agriculture. From 1 July 1902 forward it was published as a Bulletin of
the United States National Museum. The series was discontinued after volume 38 (1974), and has been
revived with volume 39 (2000) as a venue for publishing longer taxonomic papers, checklists, floras, and
monographs, produced by the staff and associates at the U.S. National Herbarium. It is externally peer
reviewed, and published at irregular intervals. Subscription and other correspondence should be addressed
to CUSNH, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC-166, Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA e-mail: CUSNH@si.edu. The present issue is available
for free while supplies last and PDF files of the most recent issues (vol. 49-present) of the Contr. U.S. Natl.
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manuscript submission or comments on previous volumes, please contact the editor, Paul M. Peterson
(peterson@si.edu).
CONTENTS
FOREWORD by Peter H. Raven .......................................................................................
INTRODUCTION by V. A. Funk & T. Hollowell ............................................................
Geology of the Guiana Shield ..............................................................................
Climate ......................................................................................................................
Diversity .................................................................................................................
Conservation ..........................................................................................................
Discussion .............................................................................................................
Using the Checklist ................................................................................................
Nomenclatorial considerations ................................................................................
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
CHECKLIST .........................................................................................................................
Psilotophyta ...........................................................................................................
Lycophyta ..............................................................................................................
Pterophyta ..............................................................................................................
Coniferophyta .........................................................................................................
Cycadophyta ..........................................................................................................
Gnetophyta .............................................................................................................
Anthophyta ............................................................................................................
Monocotyledonea ......................................................................................
Dicotyledonea ..........................................................................................
LITERATURE CITATION FOR ILLUSTRATIONS .................................................................
APPENDIX: Individuals who identified plants ...........................................................
INDEX TO GENERA ..........................................................................................................
INDEX TO FAMILIES .........................................................................................................
5
7
8
9
9
10
10
13
14
14
14
17
17
17
21
56
56
57
57
58
183
562
563
565
584
Henriettea multiflora Naudin (Melastomataceae)
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
5
FOREWORD
At a time when human activities have placed enormous stress on the natural world, there is still
much that we do not know about the Earth’s biodiversity; the great majority of species have not yet been
described, and very few of those that have been named are known in any detail. Checklists provide us
with a first approximation of what we know, and can provide a profile of the biodiversity in relatively
poorly-known parts of the globe. For many groups, they may represent the most complete information
available. Since basic taxonomic information provides essential information for studies in systematic
and evolutionary biology, we continually seek to improve and update it. Collecting specimens and writing
checklists, flora treatments, and monographs are all essential elements in our quest to understand the
natural world and how it evolved.
In northern South America, one of the richest regions of the world in terms of biodiversity, our
knowledge has grown with the recent publication of the Checklist of the Plants of Peru, Checklist of the
Plants of Ecuador, and the nearly-completed Checklist of the Plants of Bolivia. This current volume,
which covers all of the plants known from the Guiana Shield region in northeastern South America, is
another outstanding contribution to this global effort. All perrtinent information about this region will
be brought together in a comprehensive New World Checklist of Vascular Plants and Bryophytes
(http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/nwc.html). All of these projects contribute to our overall mission
to understand, preserve, and protect the wealth of biodiversity that is such an outstanding feature of this
incredible part of the world.
Checklists have many uses: they are aids in the identification and correct naming of species, essential
resources for biodiversity estimates and biogeographic studies, and the starting points for more detailed
studies of an area’s biota. Reviewed by many specialists, they often represent the most advanced state of
knowledge available in their field. They also increase national and regional pride and provide important
public outreach and fundamental information to use in addressing the biodiversity crisis. This checklist
of the plants of the Guiana Shield, combined with the recently published Checklist of the Terrestrial
Vertebrates of the Guiana Shield, increases our knowledge of this fascinating region and acts as a starting
point from which additional research may be developed. It gives insight into the species richness,
endemicity, and floral and faunal affinities of this region. Such lists can also provide the baseline
information for analyzing species turnover rates, migration, invasion events, and many other biological
phenomena.
In the face of the growing biodiversity crisis, we celebrate the collaborative nature of a project such
as this. It is an excellent example of effective interaction, involving over 250 people from around the
world who contributed in diverse ways to its completion. These contributors variously collected plants
from the area, provided identifications of and information about those plants, or reviewed drafts of the
checklist, and together made possible its successful completion.
It is with great pleasure that I welcome this important addition to our knowledge of the biodiversity
of Earth, and at the same time congratulate the many individuals and institutions who made it possible.
Peter H. Raven
President, Missouri Botanical Garden
George Engelmann Professor of Botany, Washington University in St. Louis
6
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Figure 1: The Guiana Shield
.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
7
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
(VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro;
GUYANA, SURINAM, FRENCH GUIANA)
by
V. Funk1, T. Hollowell2, P. Berry3, C. Kelloff1, and S. N. Alexander1
INTRODUCTION
V. A. Funk and T. Hollowell
The Guiana Shield region has long held a
fascination for tropical biologists because of its
unique geography that includes table-top
mountains (tepuis), tropical savannas, and broad
expanses of rainforests. These areas are home to
many endemic taxa, as well as to unique
ecosystems such as the Greenheart
(Chlorocardium) forests of Guyana and the
montane savannas of Brazil, Venezuela, and
Guyana. Some of the largest expanses of
untouched Neotropical forests occur in these areas.
The Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana
Shield covers all vascular plants known to occur
in the Guiana Shield region of northeastern South
America. It is the product of the combined efforts
of two research initiatives, the Smithsonian
Institution’s Biological Diversity of the Guiana
Shield Program (BDG) and the Missouri Botanical
Garden’s Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana project
(FVG). The database created for the Checklist of
the Plants of the Guianas (Boggan et al., 1992,
1997) has been extensively updated and refined,
and most importantly the nomenclature has been
coordinated with a database extracted from the
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana (Steyermark,
Berry, and Holst, 1995—2005).
This plant checklist is a companion to the
recently published Checklist of the Terrestrial
Vertebrates of the Guiana Shield (Hollowell and
Reynolds, eds. 2005). Together they represent a
new research and conservation resource which
highlights three critical facets of taxonomic work:
research, collections, and expeditions. These
volumes should be of particular use to students,
taxonomists, ecologists, and conservation
biologists, as well as to interested amateurs. Both
of these checklists were produced using
information gathered from historical and recent
collections as well as many recent expeditions to
northeastern South America. The expertise of
scientists from many organizations around the
globe has been drawn together and made available
to the scientific and conservation communities in
both hard copy and on the web (Hollowell et al.,
2000). Research projects such as this would not
be possible without considerable international
collaboration from over 100 scientists who provide
determinations for the collections (see Appendix).
Checklists have many uses. They are aids in
the identification of organisms, resources for
biodiversity estimates and biogeographic studies,
Department of Botany and Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program (BDG), National Museum of Natural History,
MRC-166, P.O.Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012 U.S.A.
2
BDG and Office of Information Technology, National Museum of Natural History, P.O.Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC 20013-7012 U.S.A.
3
University of Michigan Herbarium & Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48108-2287 U.S.A.
1
8
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
nomenclators, and essential starting points for more
detailed studies of an area’s biota. The Guiana
Shield is a geologic formation, and as such it
defines a section of northeastern South America
that is ideally a natural unit rather than a political
one (Kelloff and Funk 2004). This gives these two
checklists (plants and terrestrial vertebrates) an
environmental focus that is a first step toward
thinking in terms of ecosystems, evolution, and
systematics rather than simple lists of organisms.
For instance, checklists can tell us how many
organisms of a certain kind are in a particular area,
thus giving us an idea of the species richness.
Properly utilized, the data can serve as an indicator
of endemicity within an area and provide
information on the number of introduced species,
and they can be used in a comparative manner
between and among areas. Since this is a natural
area, they can be used to formulate questions about
adaptive radiation, dispersal, and evolutionary
history. In fact, data from these checklists are
already being used to examine endemicity levels,
species turnover rates, and the location of areas
most in need of additional study. The checklists
are particularly useful for these types of
investigations because they encompass several
groups of organisms (plants, amphibians, reptiles,
birds, and mammals) facilitating comparisons
among the different groups. Conservation efforts
are improved because the checklists provide
standardized species nomenclature that will be
used in both governmental and academic
undertakings, including impact studies, reserve
planning, ecological research, production of floral
and faunal studies, and biogeographical analyses,
allowing data sets from different sources to be
compared with greater accuracy and confidence.
Both checklists exemplify the collaborative
nature of studies in biological diversity science,
being reflections of the efforts of so many
specialists essential to their production. They are
truly international efforts, for while the volumes
were organized by the BDG staff, the authors and
experts who supplied identifications are based all
over the world and in many types of organizations.
The result affirms the common interests of all of
the people, institutions, and nations involved in
studying, understanding, and conserving the
irreplaceable natural heritage of our world.
GEOLOGY OF THE GUIANA SHIELD
The Guiana Shield (Figure 1) is a distinct
ancient geological formation that today is roughly
bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the
Orinoco River to the north and west, the Rio Negro
(a major tributary of the Amazon River) to the
southwest, and the Amazon River to the south
(Gibbs and Barron 1993). The Shield includes the
mountain systems that form the watershed
boundary between the Amazon and Orinoco rivers.
On the Shield’s western side, the Orinoco River
and Río Negro are connected by the Río Casiquiare.
The base of the Guiana Shield is composed of
crystalline rocks of Proterozoic origin; these are
mainly granites and gneisses formed between 3.6
and 0.8 billion years ago (Mendoza 1977; Schubert
and Huber 1990). Large areas of the Shield were
overlain with sediments from 1.6 to 1 billion years
ago (Huber 1995a), and remnants of these
sandstones comprise the Roraima group of
formations that are scattered across the central
portion of the Shield. Erosion has decreased the
size of these formations, and the remaining
sediments extend west from the Potaro escarpment
of the Pakaraima Mountains in central Guyana
through parts of Venezuela and Colombia
(Arbeláez and Callejas 1999) and south into
northern Brazil (Leechman 1913; Gibbs and Barron
1993). Within this area, erosion has resulted in
numerous vertical-walled, frequently flat-topped
mountains called “tepuis,” among them Chimantátepui (2,550 m), Cerro Duida (2,358 m) and Auyántepui (2,450 m). Pico de Neblina (3,014 m) is the
Shield’s westernmost tepui and highest point,
located on the southernmost segment of the border
between Venezuela and Brazil. Mount Roraima
(2,810 m) is located at the juncture of Guyana,
Venezuela, and Brazil and includes the highest
point within Guyana. The easternmost peaks or
the shield are located in Guyana and reach
approximately 2,000 m elevation, including Mt.
Ayanganna (2,080 m) and Mt. Wokomung (2,000
m). Most Venezuelan tepuis are between 2,000
and 2,400 m and the highest point is Pico de
Neblina in Venezuela/Brazil (over 3,000 m).
Several of these mesa-like formations are virtually
inaccessible by foot and are so unusual that a
fictional scientific expedition account referred to
one as “The Lost World” (Doyle 1912), a term
sometimes applied to all tepuis. Notable waterfalls
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
of the region include Angel Falls (979 m) on
Auyán-tepui in Venezuela and Kaieteur Falls (226
m) on the Potaro River in Guyana’s Pakaraima
Mountains.
Granitic dome mountains occur in the southern
part of the three Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French
Guiana), where they are known as “inselbergs,” as
well as in Venezuela where they are known as
“lajas” and extend in a broad arc all the way from
northeastern Bolivar state west and south along the
Orinoco and then further south as far as Brazil.
Deposits of low-nutrient white sands occur inland
of the coastal plain, in belts across the region and
in isolated pockets. Large areas of savanna are
found in the region, particularly the complex of
savannas that includes the Rupununi Savanna in
southwestern Guyana, the Gran Sabana in eastern
Bolívar, Venezuela, and the savannas of northern
Roraima, Brazil. In some parts of these areas there
is limited forest growth because sands overlay a
clay hardpan that is resistant to penetration by tree
roots and because they flood during the heavy rainy
season. Tertiary and Quaternary sediments
separate the southern edge of the Guiana Shield
from the Amazon River and the eastern edge of
the Shield from the Atlantic Ocean.
The boundaries of the Guiana Shield are
difficult to define precisely. In the south between
mountains on the southern boundary of the Shield
and the Amazon and Negro rivers there is a broad
band of outwash materials resulting from erosion.
In the Venezuelan state of Delta Amacuro much of
the area is covered by thick sediments deposited
primarily by the Orinoco River. In the west, there
are remnants of the Shield at least as far as
Colombia. In the east and south the hills give way
in some areas to lowland tropical rainforest more
similar to that found in the Amazon basin.
However, some remains of the Guiana Shield occur
in the southern section, and some portion of the
sediments are derived from outwash from the
highlands of the Shield. For more detailed
discussions of the geology of the area, readers
should refer to Gibbs and Barron (1993) and Huber
(1995a).
CLIMATE
As a whole, the Guiana Shield region has a
9
tropical climate characterized by a relatively high
mean annual temperature exceeding 25º C at sea
level, an annual monthly maximum temperature
range of less than 5º C, and an average daily
temperature range of approximately 6º C. Because
of the Guiana Shield’s location just north of the
equator, its climate varies primarily according to
elevation and effects of the trade winds that
combine to affect rainfall patterns. The trade winds
blow consistently from the east and northeast, off
of the Atlantic Ocean onto northeastern South
America. Due to orographic effects, the
easternmost escarpments of the mountains of the
Guiana Shield are generally localities of increased
precipitation where these moisture-laden winds
meet the slopes (Clarke et al. 2001). Seasonal
oscillations of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone
(ITCZ) also bring variations in rainfall as the
locations of low pressure zones near the equator
change (Snow 1976). Varying primarily by
latitude, one or two rainy seasons result from shifts
in the ITCZ. The heaviest rains usually occur
between May and August, whereas the rainy season
running from December to January is shorter and
less intense, with rains that do not penetrate as far
inland. In areas where there is only one rainy
season, the driest part of the year is January to
March; in areas where there are two rainy seasons
the driest months are March and October.
However, even during most dry seasons, frequent
storms provide adequate moisture to allow
evergreen tropical moist forests to persist in most
low elevation parts of the region.
DIVERSITY
The varied topology of the Guiana Shield
includes sandstone tepuis, granite inselbergs, white
sands, seasonally flooded tropical savannas,
lowlands with numerous rivers, isolated mountain
ranges, and coastal swamps, each supporting a
characteristic vegetation (Huber et al. 1995; Huber
1995b). This variety accounts for a great deal of
the high diversity and endemicity of the Shield’s
biota. The Shield has a flora and fauna with
numerous endemic species, ca. 40% according to
a recent analysis (Kelloff and Funk 2004). Some
tepui endemic species occur as low as 300 m
elevation, with increasing numbers by 1,500 to
1,800 m, and fully developed communities
occurring by 2,000 m (Funk and Berry, 2005).
10
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Most parts of Brazil north of the Amazon River
and much of eastern Colombia are poorly explored,
and they are not included in this publication (see
below).
expanded three existing reserves (see http://
www.stinasu.com). French Guiana has no
officially designated protected areas, but 18
proposed sites total 6,710 km², about 7.5% of its
area (Lindeman and Mori 1989).
CONSERVATION
With the exceptions of the few populated
localities such as Puerto Ayacucho, Ciudad
Guayana, Ciudad Bolívar, and the agricultural
coastal areas, the environment of the Guiana Shield
has benefited from limited access and low
population densities, although this same isolation
has hindered biodiversity research. Estimates vary,
but approximately 70% (Funk & Richardson 2003)
of the vegetation is still relatively undisturbed by
human activities. Recently, however, the pace of
disturbance has greatly increased; current threats
to the environment include large-scale logging by
Asian and local companies, large- and small-scale
gold and diamond mining, oil prospecting, bauxite
mining, massive hydroelectric projects, wildlife
trade, and population-related pressures such as
burning, grazing, agriculture, and the expansion
of Amerindian villages. Taken together, these
impacts have begun to take their toll, with vast
areas previously left undisturbed are now
vulnerable to increasing disturbance.
The status of conservation efforts varies by
country. Throughout the Guiana Shield, many
areas that are designated as protected or otherwise
restricted are often only “paper” parks because of
a lack of infrastructure and funds to protect them.
Over the last four decades, Venezuela has
established seven national parks, 29 natural
monuments, and two biosphere reserves covering
about 142,280 km², more than 30% of its share of
the Guiana Shield (Funk and Berry 2005). In
Guyana, the progress of conservation efforts has
been slower, with the only substantial protected
area being Kaieteur National Park, its 627 km²
comprising about 0.3% of the country’s area
(Kelloff 2003), with additional reserves under
consideration. Guyana’s 3,710 km² Iwokrama
Forest (Clarke et al. 2001) is dedicated to
sustainable use. Surinam’s protected areas system
includes one national park and a network of 11
reserves, totaling almost 20,000 km², over 12% of
its total area. This includes the recently created
16,000 km² Central Suriname Nature Reserve, an
UNESCO World Heritage Site that joined and
The Guiana Shield encompasses part or all of
five countries (excluding the small part in
Colombia) with five different governments, five
official languages, and many more indigenous
languages. Cooperation is sometimes hampered
by border disputes and illegal cross-border
transportation of gold, wildlife, and more recently,
illegal drugs. The implementation of conservation
practices is further complicated by many issues
concerning the indigenous peoples of the region.
All of these challenges will have to be overcome
on the way to designing and maintaining a viable
reserve system for the Guiana Shield.
DISCUSSION
This checklist includes 257 vascular plant
families containing 2,072 accepted genera. We
have recorded over 14,732 accepted subgeneric
taxa, 1,358 of those including a subspecific or
varietal epithet and 13,367 distinct species.
According to our list 6,791 of those species are
from Amazonas, 6,669 from Bolívar, 1,651 from
Delta Amacuro, 7,112 from Guyana, 4,984 from
Surinam, and 5,406 from French Guiana. Of these
species, 293 (2.2%) are estimated to be introduced
and naturalized. In the three Guianas there are
8,933 species and there are 9,814 species in the
Venezuelan Guayana. With 5,482 species found
in both areas there is 41% overlap between the two
areas. Within the checklist area 3,451 species are
listed only for the Guianas and 4,332 are found
only in the Venezuelan Guayana. See Table 1 for
a summary of the numbers of taxa in each family
and Table 2 for the families with the largest number
of species.
The top 15 families (in number of species)
have a total of 7,094 species, which represents over
half of the species in the Guiana Shield area.
According to our list 154 families have 25 species
or less, and 34 families have 26-50 species.
Consequently, 73% of families have no more than
50 species and 41 families (16%) are represented
by only one species.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
11
Table 1. Number of species in each plant family.
PSILOPHYTA (1)
Psilotaceae
GNETOPHYTA (6)
1 Gnetaceae
LYCOPHYTA (107)
Isoëtaceae
Lycopodiaceae
Selaginellaceae
5
27
75
PTEROPHYTA (754)
Adiantaceae
Aspleniaceae
Blechnaceae
Cyatheaceae
Davalliaceae
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dicksoniaceae
Dryopteridaceae
Gleicheniaceae
Grammitidaceae
Hymenophyllaceae
Hymenophyllopsidaceae
Lomariopsidaceae
Lygodiaceae
Marattiaceae
Marsileaceae
Metaxyaceae
Oleandraceae
Ophioglossaceae
Osmundaceae
Parkeriaceae
Plagiogyriaceae
Polypodiaceae
Pteridaceae
Salviniaceae
Schizaeaceae
Tectariaceae
Thelypteridaceae
Vittariaceae
Woodsiaceae
71
36
23
46
1
63
1
26
18
62
89
8
79
4
7
3
1
8
3
2
4
1
59
16
5
21
21
44
16
16
CONIFEROPHYTA (10)
Pinaceae
Podocarpaceae
1
9
CYCADOPHYTA (5)
Cycadaceae
Zamiaceae
1
4
Acanthaceae
6 Aizoaceae
Amaranthaceae
ANTHOPHYTA
Anacardiaceae
MONOCOTYLEDONEA (3301) Anisophylleaceae
Agavaceae
2 Annonaceae
Alismataceae
13 Apiaceae
Araceae
226 Apocynaceae
Arecaceae
111 Aquifoliaceae
Bromeliaceae
327 Araliaceae
Burmanniaceae
29 Aristolochiaceae
Cannaceae
2 Asclepiadaceae
Commelinaceae
26 Balanophoraceae
Costaceae
16 Balsaminaceae
Cyclanthaceae
33 Basellaceae
Cyperaceae
413 Bataceae
Dioscoreaceae
54 Begoniaceae
Eriocaulaceae
94 Bignoniaceae
Haemodoraceae
3 Bixaceae
Heliconiaceae
19 Bombacaceae
Hydrocharitaceae
2 Bonnetiaceae
Iridaceae
13 Boraginaceae
Lemnaceae
8 Brassicaceae
Liliaceae
22 Bromeliaceae
Limnocharitaceae
3 Brunelliaceae
Marantaceae
85 Burseraceae
Mayacaceae
3 Buxaceae
Musaceae
2 Cabombaceae
Najadaceae
3 Cactaceae
Orchidaceae
1020 Campanulaceae
Poaceae
526 Canellaceae
Pontederiaceae
9 Capparaceae
Rapateaceae
83 Caprifoliaceae
Ruppiaceae
1 Caricaceae
Smilacaceae
24 Caryocaraceae
Strelitziaceae
1 Caryophyllaceae
Taccaceae
1 Casuarinaceae
Thurniaceae
3 Cecropiaceae
Triuridaceae
9 Celastraceae
Typhaceae
1 Ceratophyllaceae
Velloziaceae
2 Chenopodiaceae
Xyridaceae
100 Chloranthaceae
Zingiberaceae
11 Chrysobalanaceae
Zosteraceae
1 Clethraceae
Clusiaceae
DICOTYLEDONEA (9183)
Combretaceae
Incertae sedis
7 Compositae
115
1
30
23
1
178
4
211
76
64
32
132
2
1
2
1
14
175
4
55
28
62
8
1
2
81
1
4
24
10
1
33
3
3
10
3
1
42
22
1
1
3
186
1
198
48
303
12
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Table 1. Number of species in each plant family. (contd.)
Connaraceae
Convolvulaceae
Crassulaceae
Cucurbitaceae
Cunoniaceae
Cuscutaceae
Cyrillaceae
Dichapetalaceae
Dilleniaceae
Droseraceae
Ebenaceae
Elaeocarpaceae
Eremolepidaceae
Ericaceae
Erythroxylaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Euphroniaceae
Flacourtiaceae
Gentianaceae
Gesneriaceae
Haloragaceae
Hernandiaceae
Hippocrateaceae
Hugoniaceae
Humiriaceae
Hydrophyllaceae
Icacinaceae
Ixonanthaceae
Juglandaceae
Juncaceae
Krameriaceae
Lacistemataceae
Lamiaceae
Lauraceae
Lecythidaceae
Leguminosae
- Caesalpinioideae
- Faboideae
- Mimosoideae
Lentibulariaceae
Lissocarpaceae
Loasaceae
Loganiaceae
Loranthaceae
30
107
2
56
13
5
2
10
38
14
25
50
3
73
37
317
3
64
92
94
2
6
52
8
30
3
22
10
1
1
3
3
38
214
67
294
500
238
55
3
2
43
57
Lythraceae
Magnoliaceae
Malpighiaceae
Malvaceae
Marcgraviaceae
Melastomataceae
Meliaceae
Mendonciaceae
Menispermaceae
Menyanthaceae
Molluginaceae
Monimiaceae
Monotaceae
Moraceae
Moringaceae
Muntingiaceae
Myoporaceae
Myricaceae
Myristicaceae
Myrsinaceae
Myrtaceae
Nelumbonaceae
Nyctaginaceae
Nymphaeaceae
Ochnaceae
Olacaceae
Oleaceae
Onagraceae
Opiliaceae
Oxalidaceae
Papaveraceae
Passifloraceae
Pedaliaceae
Peridiscaceae
Phytolaccaceae
Picramniaceae
Piperaceae
Plantaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae
Podostemaceae
Polygalaceae
Polygonaceae
Portulacaceae
Primulaceae
35
2
205
85
17
534
49
14
48
1
3
4
1
83
1
1
1
1
33
70
270
1
50
15
165
35
4
21
2
12
1
107
2
2
12
9
172
2
2
67
76
53
15
1
Proteaceae
Quiinaceae
Rafflesiaceae
Ranunculaceae
Rhabdodendraceae
Rhamnaceae
Rhizophoraceae
Rosaceae
Rubiaceae
Rutaceae
Sabiaceae
Santalaceae
Sapindaceae
Sapotaceae
Sarraceniaceae
Scrophulariaceae
Simaroubaceae
Siparunaceae
Solanaceae
Sphenocleaceae
Sterculiaceae
Styracaceae
Surianaceae
Symplocaceae
Tepuianthaceae
Ternstroemiaceae
Tetrameristaceae
Theaceae
Theophrastaceae
Thymelaeaceae
Tiliaceae
Trigoniaceae
Tropaeolaceae
Turneraceae
Ulmaceae
Urticaceae
Valerianaceae
Verbenaceae
Violaceae
Viscaceae
Vitaceae
Vochysiaceae
Winteraceae
Zygophyllaceae
20
32
2
2
1
26
13
10
742
81
11
1
158
148
10
52
12
10
116
1
67
22
1
13
4
31
1
1
4
15
37
12
1
31
5
15
1
90
39
60
16
84
1
5
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
13
Table 2: Families with largest numbers of species.
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Family
Leguminoseae
- Mimosoideae
- Caesalpinioideae
- Faboideae
Orchidaceae
Ferns*
Rubiaceae
Melastomataceae
Poaceae
Cyperaceae
Bromeliaceae
Euphorbiaceae**
Compositae
Myrtaceae
Araceae
Lauraceae
Apocynaceae***
Malpighiaceae
No. of Genera
146
31
41
74
171
95
97
54
116
37
24
60
104
18
24
18
38
25
No. of Species
1032
238
294
500
1020
754
742
534
526
413
327
317
303
270
226
214
211
205
* Includes many families
** Includes the small families Putrangiivaceae, Picrodendraceae, and Phyllanthaceae
which do not belong in a monophyletic Euphorbiaceae
*** Does not include the Asclepidaceae (18 genera and 132 species)
The largest family on the Shield is the
Leguminoseae (= Fabaceae) with 1032 species.
The phylogeny of this family is under revision but
it is well enough understood to know that this
family has a rich and interesting history in the
Guiana Shield area. We know from the molecular
data that there are a number of genera that have
their primary radiation in the area and that there
are many endemics. Very little is known about the
phylogeny of the Guiana Shield members of the
other large family, the Orchidaceae.
In a broad scope of botanical understanding,
the combination of such checklists looks to the
evolutionary and ecological importance of physical
conditions beyond those of political units and
boundaries. This process is simply a step in the
direction of looking at a flora at the level of the
distinct geological unit of the Guiana Shield. In
the future there will be additional field trips and
further progress on the Flora of the Guianas
(Nationaal Herbarium Nederland 2006) which will
provide additions and corrections to this list. Also,
future developments will hopefully include the
ability to analyze plant community composition
on finer levels of the landscape, and to produce
customized checklists for analysis and
conservation with the aid of Geographic
Information System (GIS) technologies drawing
upon improved databases incorporating
georeferenced historical collections from many
herbaria.
USING THE CHECKLIST
For each family, accepted names are listed
followed by the known distributions.
Abbreviations used are Amazonas (AM), Bolívar
(BO), and Delta Amacuro (DA); and for the three
Guianas: Guyana (GU), Surinam (SU), and French
Guiana (FG).
Comments following the accepted name or
synonym are enclosed in brackets and include
aspects such as: exotic species, distributional
expectations or details, and in the case of
misidentifications an indication that the taxon is
not found in the flora area. Some taxa are listed
14
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
with comments naming Mt. Roraima, Serrania de
la Neblina or other localities without distribution
codes. Specimens from these areas may lack a
country designation or may be incorrect or
unknown, especially in historical collections.
Alternatively, a species may be known from
neighboring Brazil and if it is thought that it is
likely to occur in the checklist area it is included
as part of the flora.
NOMENCLATURAL CONSIDERATIONS
Family names generally follow the
classification used by Cronquist (1981) but the list
has been modified to reflect some recent changes
based on molecular and morphological data and
presented on the website of Peter Stevens (Stevens,
2001). An occasional dilemma in combining plant
checklists is the necessity to choose among
classifications used by different specialists. When
decisions had to be made we selected the most
recent comprehensive work for the group in
question. However, our decision does not imply
an endorsement of one or rejection of another and
it is hoped that an adequate reference system has
been provided to allow the use of most systems
and to facilitate work towards future clarification.
Authors of plant names are standardized according
to Brummitt and Powell (1992).
In some cases, a species has been reported
from the flora area either because of a broad species
circumscription that has since been restricted (or
as an infraspecific taxon that has since been raised
to species status), or due to misidentifications or
other errors. Such names are listed in the
Synonyms and Misidentification section as “not
in the flora area.”
In some of the cases source data for one region
lists subspecific taxa while data for the other region
lists only the specific level. In those cases, both
the specific and subspecific distributions are given
rather than eliminating the partial information for
the subspecific taxa.
When the list has been reviewed by a specialist
that persons name is listed under the taxon name.
All other Family lists were compiled by T.
Hollowell.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Special thanks go to botanists at the Missouri
Botanical Garden (MO), particularly Kay
Yatskievych, James Miller, Ronald Liesner, Robert
Magill, and many others who assisted in the Flora
of the Venezuelan Guayana project and shared the
electronic manuscript with the BDG program.
Also, we thank several colleagues including Scott
Mori (NY) and Jean-Jacques de Granville (CAY)
who provided data in the development of the first
checklist of the three Guianas. In addition, our
work would not have been possible without the
dedication of botanical specialists from many
institutions who contributed to checklists,
taxonomic treatments, did countless identifications,
and reviewed drafts of the combined lists. Each
family treatment lists the name of the collaborating
specialists for that family and the Appendix lists
all of those who helped with identifications. We
owe a great debt to the many plant collectors and
their field crews who over more than two centuries
have provided specimens for the museum
collections essential to an understanding of the
flora of the Guiana Shield (Ek, 1990, 1991;
Hollowell et al. 2000, 2003, 2005). Equally
indispensable to studies of biodiversity are the
many institutions that have financed those
expeditions and those that house the collections,
and their staff members that maintain and organize
those collections. In addition to the home
institutions we must also thank the various funding
agencies that have made field work possible, chief
among these is the National Geographic Society
who funded quite a few expeditions for botanists
and zoologists and USAID in Guyana. In Guyana
the collecting program was hosted by the Centre
for the Study of Biological Diversity, University
of Guyana, and we appreciate their help. Particular
thanks for assistance are given to Marilyn Hansel,
Christian Feuillet, Bob DeFilipps, Susan Grose,
Karen Redden, Matt Sewell, H. David Clarke, Julie
Barcelona, Greg McKee, Sylvia Stone, and Mark
Strong (all from US). Finally, we must thank Peter
Jorgensen (MO) who provided a careful review of
the manuscript.
This publication was prepared under the
auspices of the Biological Diversity of the Guiana
Shield Program. This is number 125 in the
Smithsonian’s Biological Diversity of the Guiana
Shield publication series.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
REFERENCES
Arbeláez, M. V., and R. Callejas. 1999. Flórula
de la Meseta de Arensica de la comunidad de
Monochoa (Región de Araracuara, Medio
Caquetá. Tropenbos - Colombia, Bogota.
Boggan, J., V. A. Funk, C. L. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G.
Cremers, & C. Feuillet. 1992. Checklist of
the Plants of the Guianas. Biological
Diversity of the Guianas Program,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. 381
pp.
Boggan, J., V. Funk, C. L. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G.
Cremers, & C. Feuillet. 1997. Checklist of
the Plants of the Guianas, 2nd Edition.
Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. 238
pp.
Brummitt, R. K., and C. E. Powell, eds. 1992.
Authors of Plant Names. Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew.
Clarke, H. D., V. A. Funk, and T. Hollowell. 2001.
Using checklists and collections data to
investigate plant diversity. I: A comparative
checklist of the plant diversity of the
Iwokrama Forest, Guyana. Sida Botanical
Miscellany 21: 1-86.
Cronquist, A. 1981. An Integrated System of
Classification of Flowering Plants. Columbia
University Press, New York.
Doyle, A. C. 1912. The Lost World. Puffin Books,
London
Ek, R. C. 1990. Index of Guyana Plant Collectors.
Flora of the Guianas, A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn
ed., Supplementary Fascicle 1. Koeltz
Scinetific Books, Koenigstein, Germany.
Ek, R. C. 1991. Index of Suriname Plant
Collectors. Flora of the Guianas, A.R.A.
Görts-van Rijn ed., Supplementary Fascicle
2. Koeltz Scinetific Books, Koenigstein,
Germany.
Funk, V. A. and P. E. Berry. 2005. Chapter 4.3
The Guiana Shield. In Plant Conservation: A
natural history approach. University of
Chicago Press, pages 76-79.
Funk, V. A. and K. Richardson. 2002. Biological
Specimen Data in Biodiversity Studies: Use
it or lose it. Systematic Biology 51: 303-316.
Funk, V. A., K. S. Richardson, and S. Ferrier. 2005.
Survey-gap analysis in expeditionary research,
15
where do we go from here? Biological Journal
of the Linnean Society 85: 549-567.
Gibbs, A. K. and C. N. Barron. 1993. The Geology
of the Guiana Shield. Oxford University
Press, New York.
Hollowell, T., V. Funk, and C. Kelloff. 2000
(onwards). Biological Diversity of the Guiana
Shield. www.mnh.si.edu/biodiversity/bdg
Hollowell, V. A. Funk, C. L. Kelloff & G.
Gharbarran. 2000. Smithsonian Plant
Collections, Guyana: 1986-1987, John J.
Pipoly III. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D.C.
Hollowell, T., L. J. Gillespie, V. A. Funk, and C.
L. Kelloff. 2003. Smithsonian Plant
Collections, Guyana: 1989-1991, Lynn J.
Gillespie. Contributions from the United States
National Herbarium 44: 1-104.
Hollowell, T., T. McDowell, V. A. Funk, C. L.
Kelloff, and D. Gopaul. 2005. Smithsonian
Plant Collections, Guyana: 1990-1991, Tim
McDowell. Contributions from the United
States National Herbarium 50: 1-150.
Hollowell, T. and R. P. Reynolds, eds. 2005.
Checklist of the Terrestrial Vertebrates of the
Guiana Shield. Bulletin of the Biological
Society of Washington, no. 12.
Huber, O. 1995a. Geography and Physical
Features. Pp 1-61 in: P.E. Berry, B.K. Holst,
and K. Yatskievych (eds.), Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana. Volume 1: Introduction.
J.A. Steyermark, Paul E. Berry, and B.K. Holst
(general eds.). Missouri Botanical Garden, St.
Louis.
Huber, O. 1995b. Vegetation. Pp 97-160 in: P.E.
Berry, B.K. Holst, and K. Yatskievych (eds.),
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Volume 1:
Introduction. J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, and
B.K. Holst (general eds.) Missouri Botanical
Garden, St. Louis.
Huber, O., G. Gharbarran, and V.A. Funk. 1995.
Preliminary vegetation map of Guyana.
Biological diversity of the Guianas program,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Kelloff, C. L. 2003. The use of biodiversity data
in developing Kaieteur National Park, Guyana
for ecotourism and conservation.
Contributions to the Study of Biological
Diversity 1: 1-44. University of Guyana,
Georgetown.
Kelloff, C. L., and V.A. Funk.
2004.
16
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Phytogeography of the Kaieteur Falls, Potaro
Plateau, Guyana: floral distributions and
affinities. Journal of Biogeography 31: 501513.
Leechman, A. 1913. The British Guiana
Handbook. “The Argosy” Co., Ltd.;
Georgetown, British Guiana and Dulau & Co.,
London.
Lindeman, J. C., and S. A. Mori. 1989. The
Guianas. In: D.G. Campbell and H.D.
Hammond (eds.), Floristic Inventory of
Tropical Countries. New York Botanical
Garden, New York. pp. 375-391.
Mendoza, V. 1977. Petrogenesis de rocas
volcanicas Precambrics del noroeste del
Escudo de Guayana Venezuela. Mem. V
Congreso Geol. Venezolano, Caracas, Venez.
Tomo II, Pp. 555-589.
Nationaal Herbarium Nederland. 2006. www.bio.
uu.nl/~herba/Guyana/Flora_of_the_Guianas
Schubert, C., and O. Huber. 1990. The Gran
Sabana: Panorama of a Region. Caracas:
Lagoven Booklets.
Snow, J. W. 1976. Climates of northern South
America. In: W. Schwerdtfeger (ed.), Climates
of Central and South America. Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam. pp
295-403.
Stevens, P. F. 2001 (onwards). Angiosperm
Phylogeny Website. www.mobot.org/MOBOT/
research/APweb/.
Steyermark, J. A., P. E. Berry, and B. K. Holst, eds.
1995-2005. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana,
9 vols. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Guapira eggersiana (Heimerl) Lundell (Nyctaginaceae)
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
17
CHECKLIST OF THE PLANTS OF THE GUIANA SHIELD
PTERIDOPHYTES & ALLIES
G. Cremers, R.J. Hickey, D.B. Lellinger, J.T. Mickel, R.C. Moran, B. Øllgaard, A.R. Smith
PSILOTOPHYTA
PSILOTACEAE
Psilotum nudum (L.) P. Beauv.
AM
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Psilotum triquetrum Sw. =Psilotum nudum
REFERENCES
Kramer, K.U. 1990. Psilotaceae. In K.U. Kramer & P.S. Green, Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. I. Pteridophytes and
Gymnosperms. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Psilotaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 250-251.
LYCOPHYTA
GENERAL REFERENCES
Berry, P.E., B.K. Holst, & K. Yatskievych. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, vol. 2. Pteridophytes, Spermatophytes
Acanthaceae - Araceae. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, & Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
Cremers, G. 1997. Lycophyta. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the
New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 56-65.
Cremers, G., C. Feuillet, J.J. de Granville, & M. Hoff. 1988. Liste des espèces de Phanérogames et de Ptéridophytes de la
Guyane française d’après l’Herbier du Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne. ORSTOM, Cayenne.
Cremers, G. & M. Hoff. 1990. Inventaire taxonomique des plantes de la Guyane française. I. Les Ptéridophytes. Mus. Nat. Hist.
Nat., Inventaires de Faune et de Flore 54: 1-133.
Kramer, K.U. 1978. The Pteridophytes of Suriname. An enumeration with keys of the ferns and fern-allies. Uitgaven
“Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen” Utrecht no. 93.
Kramer, K.U. & P.S. Green (ed.). 1990. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. I. Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. New
York: Springer-Verlag.
Posthumous, O. 1928. The Ferns of Surinam and of French and British Guiana. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname supplement: 1196.
Tryon, R.M. & A.F. 1981. Ferns and Allied Plants. New York: Springer-Verlag.
ISOËTACEAE
BO
Isoëtes killipii C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima]
Isoëtes ovata N. Pfeiff.
Isoëtes schinzii H.P. Fuchs [nomem nudum]
Isoëtes triangula U. Weber
Isoëtes vermiculata Hickey
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Isoëtes ovatum auct. non N. Pfeiff.: Vareschi (pro parte) =Isoëtes killipii
REFERENCES
Fuchs-Eckert, H.P. von. 1982. Zur heutigen Kenntnis von Vorkommen und Verbreitung der Südamerikanischen Isoëtes-Arten.
Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. (ser. C) 85: 205-260.
Hickey, R.J. & A.R. Smith. 1995. Isoëtaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
2: 189-190.
LYCOPODIACEAE
Huperzia aqualupiana (Spring) Rothm.
Huperzia beitelii B. qllg. [Mt. Roraima]
AM
BO
BO
GU
18
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Huperzia capillaris (Sodiro) Holub
Huperzia dichotoma (Jacq.) Trevis.
Huperzia funiformis (Cham. ex Spring) Trevis.
Huperzia hippuridea (H. Christ) Holub
Huperzia huberi B. qllg.
Huperzia intermedia (Spring) Trevis. [Mt. Roraima]
Huperzia killipii (Herter) B. qllg.
Huperzia linifolia (L.) Trevis.
Huperzia linifolia var. jenmanii (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) B. qllg. & P.G.
Windisch
Huperzia linifolia var. linifolia
Huperzia myrsinites (Lam.) Trevis.
Huperzia recurvifolia Rolleri
Huperzia reflexa (Lam.) Trevis. [Mt. Roraima]
Huperzia robusta (Klotzsch) Holub
Huperzia taxifolia (Sw.) Trevis.
Huperzia tenuicaulis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) B. qllg.
Huperzia wilsonii (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) B. qllg.
Lycopodiella alopecuroides (L.) Cranfill
Lycopodiella alopecuroides var. integerrima (Spring) B. qllg. & P.G.
Windisch
Lycopodiella camporum B. qllg. & P.G. Windisch
Lycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Pic. Serm.
Lycopodiella caroliniana var. meridionalis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd)
B. qllg. & P.G. Windisch
Lycopodiella caroliniana var. paradoxa (Mart.) B. qllg. & P.G. Windisch
Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Serm.
Lycopodiella cernua var. cernua
Lycopodiella cernua var. curvata (Sw.) Kartesz & Gandhi
Lycopodiella contexta (Mart.) Holub
Lycopodiella iuliformis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) B. qllg.
Lycopodiella iuliformis var. iuliformis
Lycopodiella iuliformis var. tatei (A.C. Sm.) B. qllg. [Mt. Roraima]
Lycopodiella riofrioi (Sodiro) B. qllg.
Lycopodiella steyermarkii B. qllg.
Lycopodium clavatum L.
Lycopodium clavatum subsp. clavatum
Lycopodium clavatum subsp. contiguum (Klotzsch) B. qllg.
Lycopodium jussiaei Poir.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Diphasium jussiaei (Desv. ex Poir.) Rothm. =Lycopodium jussiaei
Huperzia jenmanii (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Holub =Huperzia linifolia var. jenmanii
Huperzia passerinoides (Kunth) Trevis. =Huperzia taxifolia
Huperzia phelpsii (Vareschi) Holub =Huperzia robusta
Huperzia underwoodiana (Maxon) Holub =Huperzia capillaris
Lepidotis cernua (L.) P. Beauv. =Lycopodiella cernua
Lepidotis contexta (Mart.) Rothm. =Lycopodiella contexta
Lycopodiella duidae (A.C. Sm.) B. qllg. =Lycopodiella iuliformis var. tatei
Lycopodium alopecuroides L. =Lycopodiella alopecuroides
Lycopodium anomalum Hook. & Grev. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella porelloides
Lycopodium aqualupianum Spring =Huperzia aqualupiana
Lycopodium aristatum Willd. =Lycopodium clavatum
Lycopodium barbatum H. Christ =Huperzia dichotoma
Lycopodium capillaceum (Spring) Hieron. =Lycopodiella cernua
Lycopodium capillare Sodiro =Huperzia capillaris
Lycopodium carolinianum L. =Lycopodiella caroliniana
Lycopodium carolinianum var. meridionale (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Nessel =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. meridionalis
Lycopodium carolinianum var. paradoxum (Mart.) H. Christ =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. paradoxa
Lycopodium cernuum L. =Lycopodiella cernua
Lycopodium cernuum var. capillaceum Spring =Lycopodiella cernua
Lycopodium chamaepeuce Herter =Huperzia dichotoma
Lycopodium contextum Mart. =Lycopodiella contexta
Lycopodium contiguum Klotzsch =Lycopodium clavatum subsp. contiguum
Lycopodium convolutum Arn. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella convoluta
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
19
Lycopodium dichotomum Jacq. =Huperzia dichotoma
Lycopodium duidae A.C. Sm. =Lycopodiella iuliformis var. tatei
Lycopodium funiforme Cham. ex Spring =Huperzia funiformis
Lycopodium gramineum Spring =Huperzia dichotoma
Lycopodium guatemalense Maxon =Huperzia capillaris
Lycopodium hippurideum H. Christ =Huperzia hippuridea
Lycopodium intermedium Spring =Huperzia intermedia
Lycopodium iuliforme Underw. & F.E. Lloyd =Lycopodiella iuliformis
Lycopodium jenmanii Underw. & F.E. Lloyd =Huperzia linifolia var. jenmanii
Lycopodium killipii (Herter) C.V. Morton =Huperzia killipii
Lycopodium linifolium L. =Huperzia linifolia
Lycopodium marginatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella marginata
Lycopodium meridionale Underw. & F.E. Lloyd =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. meridionalis
Lycopodium myrsinites Lam. =Huperzia myrsinites
Lycopodium nudum L. (Psilotaceae) =Psilotum nudum
Lycopodium paradoxum Mart. =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. paradoxa
Lycopodium parkeri Hook. & Grev. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella parkeri
Lycopodium passerinoides Kunth =Huperzia taxifolia
Lycopodium penniforme Lam. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella radiata
Lycopodium pensum Lellinger & Mickel =Lycopodiella riofrioi
Lycopodium phelpsii Vareschi =Huperzia robusta
Lycopodium plumosum sensu Aubl., non L. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella epirrhizos
Lycopodium porelloides Lam. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella porelloides
Lycopodium radiatum Aubl. (Selaginellaceae) =Selaginella radiata
Lycopodium reflexum Lam. =Huperzia reflexa
Lycopodium reflexum Lam. var. caesium Vareschi [nom. inval.] =Huperzia reflexa
Lycopodium riofrioi Sodiro =Lycopodiella riofrioi
Lycopodium robustum Klotzsch =Huperzia robusta
Lycopodium roraimense Underw. & F.E. Lloyd =Huperzia myrsinites
Lycopodium skutchii Maxon =Huperzia myrsinites
Lycopodium sprucei Baker =Lycopodiella contexta
Lycopodium tatei A.C. Sm. =Lycopodiella iuliformis var. tatei
Lycopodium taxifolium Sw. =Huperzia taxifolia
Lycopodium underwoodianum Maxon =Huperzia capillaris
Lycopodium wilsonii Underw. & F.E. Lloyd =Huperzia wilsonii
Palhinhaea capillacea (Spring) Holub =Lycopodiella cernua
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. & Franco =Lycopodiella cernua
Phlegmariurus taxifolius (Sw.) A. Löve & D. Löve =Huperzia taxifolia
Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Holub =Lycopodiella caroliniana
Pseudolycopodiella iuliformis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Holub =Lycopodiella iuliformis
Pseudolycopodiella meridionalis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Holub =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. meridionalis
Pseudolycopodiella paradoxa (Mart.) Holub =Lycopodiella caroliniana var. paradoxa
Urostachys commutatus Herter =Huperzia intermedia
Urostachys hippurideus (H. Christ) Nessel =Huperzia hippuridea
Urostachys intermedius (Trevis.) Herter =Huperzia intermedia
Urostachys killipii Herter =Huperzia killipii
Urostachys linifolius (L.) Herter =Huperzia linifolia
Urostachys myrsinites (Lam.) Herter =Huperzia myrsinites
Urostachys reflexus (Lam.) Herter =Huperzia reflexa
Urostachys roraimensis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Nessel =Huperzia myrsinites
Urostachys wilsonii (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Herter =Huperzia wilsonii
REFERENCES
Øllgaard, B. 1987. A revised classification of the Lycopodiaceae s.l. Opera Bot. 92: 153-178.
Øllgaard, B. 1995. Lycopodiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 190-206.
Øllgaard, B. & P.G. Windisch. 1987. Sinopse das Licopodiáceas do Brasil. Bradea 5(1): 1-43.
SELAGINELLACEAE
Selaginella albolineata A.R. Sm.
Selaginella amazonica Spring
Selaginella anaclasta Alston ex Crabbe & Jermy
Selaginella applanata A. Braun
Selaginella arrecta A.R. Sm.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
20
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Selaginella arthritica Alston
Selaginella asperula Spring
Selaginella beitelii A.R. Sm.
Selaginella brevifolia Baker
Selaginella breweriana A.R. Sm.
Selaginella breynii Spring
Selaginella cabrerensis Hieron.
Selaginella calceolata Jermy & J.M. Rankin
Selaginella cardiophylla Valdespino
Selaginella cladorrhizans A. Braun
Selaginella coarctata Spring
Selaginella conduplicata Spring
Selaginella convoluta (Arn.) Spring
Selaginella cyclophylla A.R. Sm.
Selaginella dendricola Jenman
Selaginella densifolia Spruce ex Hook.
Selaginella diffusa (C. Presl) Spring
Selaginella epirrhizos Spring
Selaginella falcata (P. Beauv.) Spring
Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring
Selaginella flagellata Spring
Selaginella fragilis A. Braun
Selaginella hemicardia Valdespino
Selaginella hirsuta Alston ex Crabbe & Jermy
Selaginella humboldtiana A. Braun
Selaginella imbricans A.R. Sm.
Selaginella karowtipuensis Valdespino, sp. nov. ined.
Selaginella kochii Hieron.
Selaginella kunzeana A. Braun
Selaginella lechleri Hieron.
Selaginella marahuacae A.R. Sm.
Selaginella marginata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Spring
Selaginella mazaruniense Jenman
Selaginella microdonta A.C. Sm.
Selaginella minima Spring
Selaginella muscosa Spring
Selaginella neblinae A.R. Sm.
Selaginella novae-hollandiae (Sw.) Spring
Selaginella pallescens (C. Presl) Spring
Selaginella palmiformis Alston ex Crabbe & Jermy
Selaginella parkeri (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Selaginella plana (Desv. ex Poir.) Hieron. [introduced]
Selaginella porelloides (Lam.) Spring
Selaginella porphyrospora A. Braun
Selaginella potaroensis Jenman
Selaginella producta Baker
Selaginella pruskiana Valdespino
Selaginella pubens A.R. Sm.
Selaginella radiata (Aubl.) Spring
Selaginella revoluta Baker
Selaginella rhodostachya Baker
Selaginella roraimensis Baker
Selaginella sandwithii Alston
Selaginella scalariformis A.C. Sm.
Selaginella schultesii Alston ex Crabbe & Jermy
Selaginella seemannii Baker
Selaginella smithiorum Valdespino
Selaginella sobolifera A.R. Sm.
Selaginella sp. A
Selaginella substipitata Spring
Selaginella sulcata (Desv. ex Poir.) Spring ex Mart.
Selaginella terezoana Bautista
Selaginella thysanophylla A.R. Sm.
Selaginella tuberculata Spruce ex Baker
FG?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
FG
DA
AM
AM
FG
GU
GU
GU
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FG
FG?
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
DA
GU
GU?
DA
GU
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SU
FG
SU
FG
BO
BO
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AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
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AM
BO
GU
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AM
AM
GU
FG?
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
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BO
BO
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BO
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BO
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GU
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GU
GU
GU
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FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
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FG
SU
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SU
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FG
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BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
Selaginella tyleri A.C. Sm.
Selaginella umbrosa Lem. ex Hieron.
Selaginella valdepilosa Baker
Selaginella vernicosa Baker
Selaginella versatilis A.R. Sm.
Selaginella wurdackii Alston
BO
BO
BO
21
GU
GU
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Selaginella affinis A. Braun =Selaginella epirrhizos
Selaginella brachyclada Baker =Selaginella rhodostachya
Selaginella brevispicata Hieron. ex Bautista =Selaginella rhodostachya
Selaginella calcarata A. Braun =Selaginella conduplicata
Selaginella caudorhiza Baker =Selaginella sulcata
Selaginella cayennensis Baker =Selaginella producta
Selaginella diminutifolia Jenman =Selaginella rhodostachya
Selaginella duidae A.C. Sm. =Selaginella scalariformis
Selaginella guianensis Spring =Selaginella falcata
Selaginella jenmanii Baker =Selaginella porelloides
Selaginella karsteniana A. Braun =Selaginella substipitata
Selaginella lemairei Hieron. =Selaginella umbrosa
Selaginella lucidinervia Spring =Selaginella parkeri
Selaginella macroclada Baker =Selaginella parkeri
Selaginella parkeri Spring var. pedata (Klotzsch) Baker =Selaginella parkeri
Selaginella pedata Klotzsch =Selaginella parkeri
Selaginella penniformis (Lam.) Hieron. =Selaginella radiata
Selaginella platyphylla Baker =Selaginella porelloides
Selaginella platyphylla var. laxa Jenman =Selaginella porelloides
Selaginella poeppigiana var. guyanensis Spring =Selaginella epirrhizos
Selaginella puberula Klotzsch =Selaginella coarctata
Selaginella rigidula Baker =Selaginella substipitata
Selaginella scintillata Alston =Selaginella roraimensis
Selaginella stellata Spring =Selaginella conduplicata
Selaginella valdepilosa subsp. tricholoma Jermy & J.M. Rankin =Selaginella rhodostachya
Selaginella vernicosa var. oligoclada Baker =Selaginella vernicosa
REFERENCES
Alston, A.H.G., A.C. Jermy, & J.M. Rankin. 1981. The genus Selaginella in tropical South America. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.)
Bot. 9: 233-330.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Selaginellaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 296-314.
PTEROPHYTA
GENERAL REFERENCES
Berry, P.E., B.K. Holst, & K. Yatskievych. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, vol. 2. Pteridophytes, Spermatophytes
Acanthaceae - Araceae. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, & Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
Cremers, G. 1997. Pterophyta. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 65-162.
Cremers, G., C. Feuillet, J.J. de Granville, & M. Hoff. 1988. Liste des espèces de Phanérogames et de Ptéridophytes de la
Guyane française d’après l’Herbier du Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne. ORSTOM, Cayenne.
Cremers, G. & M. Hoff. 1990. Inventaire taxonomique des plantes de la Guyane française. I. Les Ptéridophytes. Mus. Nat. Hist.
Nat., Inventaires de Faune et de Flore 54: 1-133.
Jenman, G.S. 1909. The ferns and fern allies of the British West Indies and Guiana. Trinidad: Bull. Misc. Int. Bot. Dept.
Kramer, K.U. 1978. The Pteridophytes of Suriname. An enumeration with keys of the ferns and fern-allies. Uitgaven
“Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen” Utrecht no. 93.
Kramer, K.U. & P.S. Green, eds. 1990. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. I. Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. New
York: Springer-Verlag.
Lellinger, D.B. 1989. The ferns and fern-allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Chocó. Part 1: Psilotaceae through Dicksoniaceae.
Pteridologia 2A: 1–364.
Mickel, J.T., and J.M. Beitel. 1988. Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 46: 1–
568.
Pichi Sermolli, R.E.G. 1977. Tentamen Pteridophytorum genera in taxonomicum ordinem redigendi. Webbia 31: 313–512.
Proctor, G.R. 1977. Pteridophytes. Vol. 2 in Flora of the Lesser Antilles, edited by R. A. Howard. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
Harvard University.
Proctor, G.R. 1985. Ferns of Jamaica. London: British Museum (Natural History).
22
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Proctor, G.R. 1989. Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 53: 1–389.
Posthumous, O. 1928. The Ferns of Surinam and of French and British Guiana. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname supplement: 1196.
Smith, A.R. 1981. Pteridophytes. Vol. 2 in Flora of Chiapas, edited by D. E. Breedlove. San Francisco: California Academy of
Sciences.
Tryon, R.M. 1972. Endemic areas and geographic speciation in tropical American ferns. Biotropica 4: 121–131.
Tryon, R.M., and R.G. Stolze. 1989. Pteridophyta of Peru. Part I. 1. Ophioglossaceae—12. Cyatheaceae. Fieldiana, Bot., n.s. 20:
1–145.
Tryon, R.M., and A.F. Tryon. 1982. Ferns and Allied Plants with Special Reference to Tropical America. New York: SpringerVerlag.
Vareschi, V. 1968. Helechos. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela 1: 1-1033.
ADIANTACEAE
Adiantopsis monticola (Gardner) T. Moore
Adiantopsis radiata (L.) Fée
Adiantum adiantoides (J. Sm.) C. Chr.
Adiantum amazonicum A.R. Sm.
Adiantum argutum Splitg.
Adiantum asperum (Poir.) Desv.
Adiantum cajennense Willd. ex Klotzsch
Adiantum concinnum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Adiantum cordatum Maxon [specimens ident. as sp. nov. by G. Cremers]
Adiantum decoratum Maxon & Weath.
Adiantum deflectens Mart.
Adiantum fructuosum Poepp. ex Spreng.
Adiantum fuliginosum Fée
Adiantum glaucescens Klotzsch
Adiantum glaziovii Baker
Adiantum humile Kunze
Adiantum latifolium Lam.
Adiantum leprieurii Hook.
Adiantum lucidum (Cav.) Sw.
Adiantum lunulatum Burm. f.
Adiantum macrophyllum Sw.
Adiantum nudum A.R. Sm.
Adiantum obliquum Willd.
Adiantum olivaceum Baker
Adiantum oyapokense Jenman
Adiantum paraense Hieron.
Adiantum petiolatum Desv.
Adiantum phyllitidis J. Sm.
Adiantum pulverulentum L.
Adiantum serratodentatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Adiantum terminatum Kunze ex Miq. [possibly conspecific with Adiantum
humile]
Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Adiantum tomentosum Klotzsch
Adiantum tripteris K.U. Kramer
Adiantum villosum L.
Cassebeera pinnata Kaulf.
Cheilanthes bonariensis (Willd.) Proctor
Cheilanthes concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) R.M. Tryon & A.F. Tryon
Cheilanthes eriophora (Fée) Mett.
Doryopteris collina (Raddi) J. Sm.
Doryopteris conformis K.U. Kramer & R.M. Tryon
Doryopteris cyclophylla A.R. Sm.
Doryopteris davidsei A.R. Sm.
Doryopteris lomariacea Kunze ex Klotzsch
Doryopteris pedata (L.) Fée
Doryopteris pedata var. multipartita (Fée) R.M. Tryon
Doryopteris pedata var. palmata (Willd.) Hicken
Doryopteris rediviva Fée
Doryopteris sagittifolia (Raddi) J. Sm.
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
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GU
GU
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SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
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SU
SU
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GU
GU
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SU
SU
SU
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FG
FG
FG
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FG
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GU
GU
SU
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AM
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AM
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FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Doryopteris varians (Raddi) J. Sm.
Eriosorus flexuosus (Kunth) Copel.
Eriosorus flexuosus var. flexuosus
Eriosorus hispidulus (Kunze) Vareschi
Eriosorus hispidulus var. hispidulus
Eriosorus paucifolius (A.C. Sm.) Vareschi [Mt. Roraima]
Hemionitis palmata L.
Hemionitis rufa (L.) Sw.
Notholaena solitaria R.M. Tryon
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. aureoflava (Hook.) Weath. ex L.H. Bailey
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. calomelanos
Pityrogramma ebenea (L.) Proctor
Pityrogramma ebenea var. ebenea [Mt. Roraima]
Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R.M. Tryon
Pterozonium brevifrons (A.C. Sm.) Lellinger
Pterozonium cyclophyllum (Baker) Diels
Pterozonium cyclosorum A.C. Sm.
Pterozonium elaphoglossoides (Baker) Lellinger
Pterozonium lineare Lellinger
Pterozonium maguirei Lellinger
Pterozonium paraphysatum (A.C. Sm.) Lellinger
Pterozonium reniforme (Mart.) Fée
Pterozonium retroflexum Mickel
Pterozonium scopulinum Lellinger
Pterozonium spectabile Maxon & A.C. Sm.
Pterozonium steyermarkii Vareschi
Pterozonium tatei A.C. Sm.
Pterozonium terrestre Lellinger
AM
AM
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GU
GU
GU
GU
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GU?
GU
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SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Adiantum dolosum Kunze (considered valid in FVG) =Adiantum asperum
Adiantum guianense Aubl. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea guianensis
Adiantum hirtum Klotzsch =Adiantum terminatum
Adiantum lancea L. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea lancea
Adiantum lunulatum Houtt. (Dryopteridaceae) =Didymochlaena truncatula
Adiantum philippense L. =Adiantum lunulatum
Adiantum propinquum Fée =Adiantum pulverulentum
Adiantum radiatum L. =Adiantopsis radiata
Adiantum sagittatum Aubl. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea sagittata
Adiantum strictum Sw. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea stricta
Cheilanthes glandulosa Sw. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Paesia glandulosa
Cheilanthes radiata (L.) J. Sm. =Adiantopsis radiata
Cheilanthes viscosa H. Karst. [nomen nudum] (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Hypolepis viscosa
Doryopteris concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) Kuhn =Cheilanthes concolor
Doryopteris palmata (Willd.) J. Sm. =Doryopteris pedata var. palmata
Eriosorus ottonis (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Vareschi =Eriosorus hispidulus var. hispidulus
Eriosorus paucifolius var. neblinae A.F. Tryon =Eriosorus paucifolius
Eriosorus paucifolius var. steyermarkii A.F. Tryon =Eriosorus paucifolius
Eriosorus schomburgkianus (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Copel =Eriosorus hispidulus var. hispidulus
Gymnogramma cyclophylla Baker =Pterozonium cyclophyllum
Gymnogramma diplazioides Desv. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris linkiana
Gymnogramma elaphoglossoides Baker =Pterozonium elaphoglossoides
Gymnogramma flexuosa Desv. =Eriosorus flexuosus
Gymnogramma hispidula (Kunze) Klotzsch =Eriosorus hispidulus
Gymnogramma ottonis Kunze ex Klotzsch =Eriosorus hispidulus var. hispidulus
Gymnogramma reniformis Mart. =Pterozonium reniforme
Gymnogramma rufa (L.) Desv. =Hemionitis rufa
Gymnogramma schomburgkiana Kunze ex Klotzsch =Eriosorus hispidulus var. hispidulus
Gymnopteris rufa (L.) Bernh. ex Underw. =Hemionitis rufa
Gymnopteris semipinnatifida Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Bolbitis semipinnatifida
Hemionitis cajenensis Desv. (Vittariaceae) =Antrophyum cajenense
Hemionitis lineata Sw. (Vittariaceae) =Antrophyum lineatum
Jamesonia hispidula Kunze =Eriosorus hispidulus
Notholaena aurea (Poir.) Desv. =Cheilanthes bonariensis
FG
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24
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Notholaena eriophora Fée =Cheilanthes eriophora
Notholaena steyermarkii Vareschi =Cheilanthes eriophora
Pellaea lomariacea (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Hook. =Doryopteris lomariacea
Pellaea pinnata (Kaulf.) Prantl (Pteridaceae) =Cassebeera pinnata
Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon =Pityrogramma ebenea
Psilogramme paucifolia A.C. Sm. =Eriosorus paucifolius
Pterozonium reniforme var. ulei Brause =Pterozonium reniforme
Pterozonium schneei Vareschi =Pterozonium cyclophyllum
Pterozonium spathulatum Vareschi =Pterozonium cyclophyllum
Syngramma brevifrons A.C. Sm. =Pterozonium brevifrons
Syngramma elaphoglossoides (Baker) Diels =Pterozonium elaphoglossoides
Syngramma paraphysata A.C. Sm. =Pterozonium paraphysatum
Syngramma versicolor Vareschi =Pterozonium brevifrons
Syngrammatopsis elaphoglossoides (Baker) Alston =Pterozonium elaphoglossoides
Syngrammatopsis paraphysata (A.C. Sm.) Alston =Pterozonium paraphysatum
Trismeria trifoliata (L.) Diels =Pityrogramma trifoliata
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1967. Pterozonium. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 7. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 17(1): 1-439.
Lellinger, D.B. 1972. Polypodiaceae subfam. Adiantoideae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland
part 9. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 1-832.
Smith, A.R. & D.B. Lellinger. 1995. Pteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
2: 250-286.
Tryon, A.F. 1970. A monograph of the fern genus Eriosorus. Contrib. Gray Herb. 200: 54-174.
Tryon, R.M. 1942. A revision of the genus Doryopteris. Contrib. Gray Herb. 143: 1-80.
ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium abscissum Willd.
Asplenium angustum Sw.
Asplenium auriculatum Sw.
Asplenium auritum Sw.
Asplenium chimantae A.R. Sm.
Asplenium claussenii Hieron.
Asplenium cowanii A.R. Sm.
Asplenium cristatum Lam.
Asplenium cuneatum Lam.
Asplenium cuspidatum Lam.
Asplenium delitescens (Maxon) L.D. Gómez
Asplenium dissectum Sw.
Asplenium feei Kunze ex Fée
Asplenium flabellulatum Kunze
Asplenium formosum Willd.
Asplenium hallii Hook.
Asplenium harpeodes Kunze
Asplenium hastatum Klotzsch ex Kunze
Asplenium hostmannii Hieron.
Asplenium juglandifolium Lam.
Asplenium laetum Sw.
Asplenium macilentum Kunze ex Klotzsch
Asplenium pearcei Baker
Asplenium pedicularifolium A. St.-Hil.
Asplenium praemorsum Sw.
Asplenium pteropus Kaulf.
Asplenium pumilum Sw.
Asplenium radicans L.
Asplenium radicans var. cirrhatum (Rich. ex Willd.) Rosenst.
Asplenium radicans var. radicans
Asplenium repandulum Kunze
Asplenium riparium Liebm.
Asplenium rutaceum (Willd.) Mett.
Asplenium salicifolium L.
Asplenium serra Langsd. & Fisch.
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AM
AM
AM
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
GU
GU
GU
DA
BO
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
AM
Asplenium serratum L.
Asplenium sessilifolium Desv.
Asplenium zamiifolium Willd.
BO
AM
25
DA
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Asplenium alloeopteron Kunze ex Klotzsch =Asplenium radicans
Asplenium amazonicum H. Christ =Asplenium pearcei
Asplenium anisophyllum auct. non Kunze =Asplenium feei
Asplenium arboreum Willd. (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium cristatum
Asplenium asplenioides (A.C. Sm.) Pittier et al. (Hymenophyllopsidaceae) =Hymenophyllopsis asplenioides
Asplenium auritum var. auriculatum (Hook. f.) C.V. Morton & Lellinger =Asplenium auritum
Asplenium auritum var. bipinnatifidum Kunze =Asplenium auritum
Asplenium auritum var. obtusum Kunze ex Mett. =Asplenium macilentum
Asplenium blechnoides Lag. ex Sw. (Blechnaceae) =Blechnum polypodioides
Asplenium centripetale Baker (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium centripetale
Asplenium cicutarium Sw. =Asplenium cristatum
Asplenium cirrhatum Rich. ex Willd. =Asplenium radicans var. cirrhatum
Asplenium cyrtopteron Kunze =Asplenium radicans
Asplenium dejectum (Baker) Pittier (Hymenophyllopsidaceae) =Hymenophyllopsis dejecta
Asplenium dimidiatum auct. non Sw. =Asplenium zamiifolium
Asplenium fragrans Sw. =Asplenium cuspidatum
Asplenium grandifolium Sw. (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium grandifolium
Asplenium haplophyllum Domin =Asplenium pearcei
Asplenium integerrimum Spreng. =Asplenium juglandifolium
Asplenium kapplerianum Kunze =Asplenium juglandifolium
Asplenium lechleri Mett. (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium lechleri
Asplenium marginatum L. (Woodsiaceae) =Hemidictyum marginatum
Asplenium marinum Hook. f. =Asplenium auritum
Asplenium perkinsii Jenman =Asplenium rutaceum
Asplenium plantaginifolium L. (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium plantaginifolium
Asplenium pseudoerectum Hieron. =Asplenium pteropus
Asplenium sanguinolentum Kunze ex Mett. =Asplenium feei
Asplenium schomburgkianum Klotzsch =Asplenium serratum
Asplenium semicordatum Raddi =Asplenium salicifolium
Asplenium spruceanum Hieron. =Asplenium hallii
Asplenium sulcatum auct. non Lam. =Asplenium auritum
Asplenium wilsonii Baker (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium wilsonii
REFERENCES
(Included in Pteridaceae in Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana)
Morton, C.V. & D.B. Lellinger. 1966. The Polypodiaceae subfam. Asplenioideae in Venezuela. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 15:
1-49.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Aspleniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 12-22.
BLECHNACEAE
Blechnum asplenioides Sw.
Blechnum atropurpureum A.R. Sm.
Blechnum auratum (Fée) R.M. Tryon & Stolze
Blechnum binervatum (Poir.) C.V. Morton & Lellinger
Blechnum brasiliense Desv.
Blechnum x caudatum Cav.
Blechnum cordatum (Desv.) Hieron.
Blechnum divergens (Kunze) Mett.
Blechnum fraxineum Willd.
Blechnum gracile Kaulf.
Blechnum lanceola Sw.
Blechnum lehmannii Hieron.
Blechnum lherminieri (Bory) C. Chr.
Blechnum lherminieri subsp. lherminieri
Blechnum lineatum (Sw.) C. Chr.
Blechnum occidentale L.
Blechnum polypodioides Raddi
Blechnum proliferum Rosenst. [Possibly misident. B. violaceum in the
Guianas]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
26
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Blechnum schomburgkii (Klotzsch) C. Chr.
Blechnum serrulatum Rich.
Blechnum stipitellatum (Sodiro) C. Chr.
Blechnum violaceum (Fée) C. Chr.
Salpichlaena hookeriana (Kuntze) Alston
Salpichlaena volubilis (Kaulf.) J. Sm.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Blechnum x antillanum Proctor =Blechnum x caudatum
Blechnum arborescens (Klotzsch & H. Karst.) Hieron =Blechnum cordatum
Blechnum blechnoides (Lag. ex Sw.) C. Chr. =Blechnum polypodioides
Blechnum buchtienii Rosenst. =Blechnum auratum
Blechnum ensiforme (Liebm.) C. Chr. =Blechnum binervatum
Blechnum exaltatum (Fée) Duek =Blechnum divergens
Blechnum indicum auct. non Burm. f. =Blechnum serrulatum
Blechnum maxonii (Broadh.) C. Chr. =Blechnum lehmannii
Blechnum ornifolium (C. Presl) Ettingsh. =Blechnum cordatum
Blechnum unilaterale Sw. [nom. superfl.] =Blechnum polypodioides
Blechnum volubile Kaulf. =Salpichlaena volubilis
Blechnum volubile var. lomarioidea Baker =Salpichlaena hookeriana
Lomaria arborescens Klotzsch & H. Karst. =Blechnum cordatum
Lomaria aurata Fée =Blechnum auratum
Lomaria cordata Desv. =Blechnum cordatum
Lomaria divergens Kunze =Blechnum divergens
Lomaria ensiformis Liebm. =Blechnum binervatum
Lomaria exaltata Fée =Blechnum divergens
Lomaria ornifolia C. Presl =Blechnum cordatum
Lomaria schomburgkii Klotzsch =Blechnum schomburgkii
Lomaria stipitellata Sodiro =Blechnum stipitellatum
Lomaria violacea Fée =Blechnum violaceum
Salpichlaena lomarioidea (Baker) A.R. Sm. =Salpichlaena hookeriana
Spicanta hookeriana Kuntze =Salpichlaena hookeriana
Stenochlaena fendleri (D.C. Eaton) Underw. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Lomariopsis fendleri
Stenochlaena japurensis (Mart.) L. Underw. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Lomariopsis japurensis
Stenochlaena marginata auct. non (Schrad.) C. Chr. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Lomariopsis japurensis
Struthiopteris maxonii Broadh. =Blechnum lehmannii
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. 1995. Blechnaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 23-29.
CYATHEACEAE
Alsophila cuspidata (Kunze) D.S. Conant
Alsophila imrayana (Hook.) D.S. Conant
Alsophila imrayana (Hook.) D.S. Conant var. basilaris (H. Christ) Lellinger
Alsophila miquelii Kunze
Cnemidaria cruciata (Desv.) Stolze
Cnemidaria horrida (L.) C. Presl
Cnemidaria roraimensis (Domin) R.M. Tryon
Cnemidaria spectabilis (Kunze) R.M. Tryon
Cnemidaria spectabilis var. spectabilis
Cyathea akawaiorum P.J. Edwards
Cyathea andina (H. Karst.) Domin
Cyathea bipinnatifida (Baker) Domin
Cyathea caracasana (Klotzsch) Domin [Mt. Roraima]
Cyathea cyatheoides (Desv.) K.U. Kramer
Cyathea cyclodium (Tryon) Lellinger
Cyathea delgadii Sternb.
Cyathea demissa (C.V. Morton) A.R. Sm. ex Lellinger
Cyathea dissimilis (C.V. Morton) Stolze
Cyathea divergens Kunze
Cyathea divergens var. divergens
Cyathea fulva (M. Martens & Galeotti) Fée
Cyathea gibbosa (Klotzsch) Domin
Cyathea infesta (Kunze) Domin
Cyathea intramarginalis (P.G. Windisch) Lellinger
AM
BO
SU
SU
SU?
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
FG
BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cyathea kalbreyeri (Baker) Domin
Cyathea lasiosora (Kuhn) Domin
Cyathea lechleri Mett.
Cyathea liesneri A.R. Sm.
Cyathea macrocarpa (C. Presl) Domin
Cyathea macrosora (Baker) Domin
Cyathea macrosora var. macrosora
Cyathea macrosora var. vaupensis (P.G. Windisch) A.R. Sm.
Cyathea marginalis (Klotzsch) Domin
Cyathea microdonta (Desv.) Domin
Cyathea multiflora Sm.
Cyathea nanna (Barrington) Lellinger
Cyathea neblinae A.R. Sm.
Cyathea platylepis (Hook.) Domin
Cyathea praeceps A.R. Sm.
Cyathea pubens Domin
Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin
Cyathea schlimii (Kuhn) Domin
Cyathea simplex R.M. Tryon
Cyathea sipapoensis (R.M. Tryon) Lellinger
Cyathea steyermarkii R.M. Tryon
Cyathea surinamensis (Miq.) Domin
Cyathea thysanolepis (Barrington) A.R. Sm.
Cyathea traillii (Baker) Domin
Cyathea ulei (H. Christ) Domin
Cyathea villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Cyathea williamsii (Maxon) Domin
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
27
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
DA
AM
GU
GU
GU?
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alsophila bipinnatifida Baker =Cyathea bipinnatifida
Alsophila blechnoides Hook. (Metaxyaceae) =Metaxya rostrata
Alsophila caracasana Klotzsch =Cyathea caracasana
Alsophila demissa C.V. Morton =Cyathea demissa
Alsophila fulva M. Martens & Galeotti =Cyathea fulva
Alsophila gibbosa Klotzsch =Cyathea gibbosa
Alsophila gleasonii Maxon =Cyathea pungens
Alsophila kalbreyeri Baker =Cyathea kalbreyeri
Alsophila lasiosora Mett. ex Kuhn =Cyathea lasiosora
Alsophila lechleri Mett. =Cyathea ulei
Alsophila macrosora Baker =Cyathea macrosora
Alsophila marginalis Klotzsch =Cyathea marginalis
Alsophila microdonta (Desv.) Desv. =Cyathea microdonta
Alsophila nigra Mart. =Cyathea lasiosora
Alsophila oblonga Klotzsch =Cyathea pungens
Alsophila phalerata var. infesta Kunze =Cyathea infesta
Alsophila podophylla Baker =Cyathea kalbreyeri
Alsophila procera (Willd.) Desv. =Cyathea pungens
Alsophila pubescens Baker =Cyathea bipinnatifida
Alsophila pungens (Willd.) C. Presl =Cyathea pungens
Alsophila schlimii Kuhn =Cyathea schlimii
Alsophila subaculeata Splitg. =Cyathea pungens
Alsophila ulei H. Christ =Cyathea ulei
Alsophila vestita C. Presl =Cyathea spp.
Alsophila villosa (Humb. & Bonpl.) Desv. =Cyathea villosa
Alsophila williamsii Maxon =Cyathea williamsii
Cyathea arborea auct. non (L.) Sm. =Alsophila imrayana
Cyathea aurea Klotzsch =Cyathea fulva
Cyathea boconensis H. Karst. =Cyathea caracasana
Cyathea calva H. Karst. =Cyathea divergens var. divergens
Cyathea caracasana var. meridensis (H. Karst.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea caracasana
Cyathea cuspidata Kunze =Alsophila cuspidata
Cyathea horrida (L.) Sm. =Cnemidaria horrida
Cyathea imrayana Hook. =Alsophila imrayana
Cyathea macrosora var. reginae (P.G. Windisch) A.R. Sm. =Cyathea traillii
Cyathea meridensis H. Karst. =Cyathea caracasana
DA
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
28
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cyathea oblonga (Klotzsch) Domin =Cyathea pungens
Cyathea oyapoka Jenman =Alsophila cuspidata
Cyathea petiolulata H. Karst. =Cyathea divergens var. divergens
Cyathea procera (Willd.) Domin =Cyathea pungens
Cyathea purpurea C.V. Morton =Cyathea lechleri
Cyathea roraimensis (Domin) Domin =Cnemidaria roraimensis
Cyathea spectabilis (Kunze) Domin =Cnemidaria spectabilis
Cyathea squamipes H. Karst. =Cyathea caracasana
Cyathea subtropica Domin =Cyathea ulei
Cyathea surukunensis V. Marcano =Cyathea kalbreyeri
Cyathea vestita Mart. =Cyathea delgadii
Hemitelia andina H. Karst. =Cyathea andina
Hemitelia boryana Mett. ex Kuhn =Cyathea andina
Hemitelia cyatheoides Desv. =Cyathea cyatheoides
Hemitelia dissimilis C.V. Morton =Cyathea dissimilis
Hemitelia escuquensis H. Karst. =Cyathea andina
Hemitelia hirsuta (Desv.) Weath. =Cyathea surinamensis
Hemitelia horrida (L.) R. Br. =Cnemidaria horrida
Hemitelia hostmannii Hook. =Cyathea cyatheoides
Hemitelia macrocarpa C. Presl =Cyathea macrocarpa
Hemitelia macrosora (Baker) Jenman =Cyathea macrosora
Hemitelia minima C.V. Morton =Cyathea platylepis
Hemitelia multiflora (Desv.) Spreng. =Cyathea cyatheoides
Hemitelia multiflora (Desv.) Spreng. var. sprucei Baker =Cyathea cyatheoides
Hemitelia parkeri Hook. =Cyathea surinamensis
Hemitelia platylepis Hook. =Cyathea platylepis
Hemitelia roraimensis Domin =Cnemidaria roraimensis
Hemitelia spectabilis Kunze =Cnemidaria spectabilis
Hemitelia stigmosa Desv. =Cyathea cyatheoides
Hemitelia surinamensis Miq. =Cyathea surinamensis
Nephelea imrayana (Hook.) R.M. Tryon =Alsophila imrayana
Sphaeropteris cyatheoides (Desv.) P.G. Windisch =Cyathea cyatheoides
Sphaeropteris dissimilis (C.V. Morton) P.G. Windisch =Cyathea dissimilis
Sphaeropteris hirsuta (Desv.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea surinamensis
Sphaeropteris intramarginalis P.G. Windisch =Cyathea intramarginalis
Sphaeropteris macrocarpa (C. Presl) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea macrocarpa
Sphaeropteris macrosora (Baker) P.G. Windisch =Cyathea macrosora
Sphaeropteris macrosora var. reginae P.G. Windisch =Cyathea traillii
Sphaeropteris macrosora var. vaupensis P.G. Windisch =Cyathea macrosora var. vaupensis
Sphaeropteris marginalis (Klotzsch) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea marginalis
Sphaeropteris sipapoensis R.M. Tryon =Cyathea sipapoensis
Trichipteris cyclodium R.M. Tryon =Cyathea cyclodium
Trichipteris demissa (C.V. Morton) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea demissa
Trichipteris demissa var. thysanolepis Barrington =Cyathea thysanolepis
Trichipteris kalbreyeri (Baker) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea kalbreyeri
Trichipteris lechleri (Mett.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea ulei
Trichipteris maguirei R.M. Tryon =Cyathea williamsii
Trichipteris microdonta (Desv.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea microdonta
Trichipteris nigra (Mart.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea lasiosora
Trichipteris procera (Willd.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea pungens
Trichipteris pubescens (Baker) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea bipinnatifida
Trichipteris schlimii (Kuhn) Barrington =Cyathea schlimii
Trichipteris villosa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea villosa
Trichipteris williamsii (Maxon) R.M. Tryon =Cyathea williamsii
REFERENCES
Conant, D.C. 1983. A revision of the genus Alsophila in the Americas. Journ. Arn. Arb. 64: 333-382.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Cyatheaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 30-43.
Stolze, R.G. 1974. A taxonomic revision of the genus Cnemidaria. Fieldiana Bot. 37: 1-98.
Tryon, R.M. 1970. The classification of the Cyatheaceae. Contrib. Gray Herb. 200: 3-53.
Tryon, R.M. 1976. A revision of the genus Cyathea. Contrib. Gray Herb. 206: 19-101.
Windisch, P.G. 1977. Synopsis of the genus Sphaeropteris, with a revision of the neotropical exindusiate species. Bot. Jahrb.
Syst. 98(2): 176-198.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
29
DAVALLIACEAE
Rumohra adiantiformis (G. Forst.) Ching
BO
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Davallia domingensis Spreng. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Saccoloma domingense
Davallia inaequalis Kunze (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Saccoloma inaequale
Davallia meifolia Kunth (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea meifolia
Davallia parkeri Hook. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Lindsaea parkeri
REFERENCES
Cremers, G., K.U. Kramer, R.C. Moran, & A.R. Smith. 1994. Dryopteridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas
(series B) 6: 3-65.
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
Blotiella lindeniana (Hook.) R.M. Tryon
AM
Dennstaedtia bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon
Dennstaedtia dissecta (Sw.) T. Moore
AM
Dennstaedtia globulifera (Poir.) Hieron.
Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm.
AM
Hypolepis guianensis Klotzsch [Mt. Roraima]
Hypolepis hostilis (Kunze) C. Presl
Hypolepis nigrescens Hook. [Mt. Roraima]
AM
Hypolepis parallelogramma (Kunze) C. Presl
Hypolepis repens (L.) C. Presl
Hypolepis sp. 1 [Mt. Roraima]
Hypolepis sp. 2 [Mt. Roraima]
Hypolepis sp. 3 [Mt. Roraima]
Hypolepis sp. A
AM
Hypolepis viscosa Mett. [Cheilanthes]
AM
Lindsaea arcuata Kunze
AM
Lindsaea bolivarensis V. Marcano
Lindsaea coarctata K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea cultriformis K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea cyclophylla K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea divaricata Klotzsch
AM
Lindsaea dubia Spreng.
AM
Lindsaea falciformis Hook. [Mt. Roraima] [taxon of uncertain status]
Lindsaea guianensis (Aubl.) Dryand.
AM
Lindsaea guianensis subsp. guianensis
AM
Lindsaea hemiptera K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea javitensis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
AM
Lindsaea klotzschiana Moritz ex Ettingsh.
AM
Lindsaea lancea (L.) Bedd.
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. elatior (Kunze) K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. falcata (Dryand.) Rosenst.
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. lancea
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. leprieurii (Hook.) K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. remota (Kunze) K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea lancea var. submontana Boudrie & Cremers
Lindsaea macrophylla Kaulf.
Lindsaea mazarunensis Jenman [species of uncertain status, probably a hybrid]
Lindsaea meifolia (Kunth) Mett. ex Kuhn
AM
Lindsaea mesarum K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea pallida Klotzsch
Lindsaea parkeri (Hook.) Kuhn
AM
Lindsaea parkeri subsp. parkeri
Lindsaea parkeri subsp. steyermarkiana K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea pendula Klotzsch
AM
Lindsaea pleioptera K.U. Kramer
AM
Lindsaea portoricensis Desv.
AM
Lindsaea pumila Klotzsch [dubious species]
Lindsaea quadrangularis Raddi
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG
30
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lindsaea quadrangularis subsp. antillensis K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea reniformis Dryand.
Lindsaea rigidiuscula Lindm.
Lindsaea sagittata (Aubl.) Dryand.
Lindsaea schomburgkii Klotzsch
Lindsaea semilunata (C. Chr.) C. Chr.
Lindsaea sphenomeridopsis K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea stenomeris K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea stricta (Sw.) Dryand.
Lindsaea stricta var. jamesoniiformis K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea stricta var. parvula (Fée) K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea stricta var. stricta
Lindsaea surinamensis Posth.
Lindsaea taeniata K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea tenuis Klotzsch
Lindsaea tetraptera K.U. Kramer
Lindsaea ulei Hieron.
Lonchitis hirsuta L.
Microlepia speluncae (L.) T. Moore [introduced, fide Lellinger]
Odontosoria fumarioides (Sw.) J. Sm.
Ormoloma imrayanum (Hook.) Maxon [cited from FG in error]
Paesia acclivis (Kunze) Kuhn
Paesia glandulosa (Sw.) Kuhn
Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon
Pteridium caudatum (L.) Maxon
Saccoloma domingense (Spreng.) C. Chr.
Saccoloma elegans Kaulf.
Saccoloma elegans subsp. chartaceum Nair ex Cremers & K.U. Kramer
Saccoloma inaequale (Kunze) Mett.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG?
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Allosorus acclivis Kunze =Paesia acclivis
Dennstaedtia adiantoides (Willd.) T. Moore =Dennstaedtia dissecta
Dennstaedtia obtusifolia (Willd.) T. Moore =Dennstaedtia dissecta
Ithycaulon inaequale (Kunze) Copel. =Saccoloma inaequale
Lindsaea aquatica Jenman =Lindsaea stricta var. parvula
Lindsaea coriifolia Lindm. =Lindsaea schomburgkii
Lindsaea crenata Klotzsch =Lindsaea portoricensis
Lindsaea elegans Fée [nom. illeg.] =Lindsaea klotzschiana
Lindsaea falcata Dryand. =Lindsaea lancea var. falcata
Lindsaea falcata var. elatior Kunze =Lindsaea lancea var. elatior
Lindsaea falcata var. lancea (L.) Jenman =Lindsaea lancea var. lancea
Lindsaea falcata var. leprieurii (Hook.) Jenman =Lindsaea lancea var. leprieurii
Lindsaea falcata var. subrotundifolia Jenman [name of uncertain application]
Lindsaea feei C. Chr. =Lindsaea klotzschiana
Lindsaea filiformis Hook. =Lindsaea tenuis
Lindsaea gracilis Klotzsch =Lindsaea stricta var. parvula
Lindsaea guianensis var. venosa Jenman [name of uncertain application]
Lindsaea horizontalis Hook. =Lindsaea arcuata
Lindsaea krameriana V. Marcano =Lindsaea mesarum
Lindsaea lancea var. longifolia K.U. Kramer =Lindsaea lancea var. elatior
Lindsaea lancea var. semilunata C. Chr. =Lindsaea semilunata
Lindsaea leprieurii Hook. =Lindsaea lancea var. leprieurii
Lindsaea nervosa Lindm. [nom. illeg.] =Lindsaea rigidiuscula
Lindsaea nitidissima Rich. ex Willd. =Lindsaea lancea
Lindsaea parvula Fée =Lindsaea stricta var. parvula
Lindsaea pumila var. remota Kunze =Lindsaea lancea var. remota
Lindsaea pusilla Splitg. =Lindsaea lancea var. remota
Lindsaea raddiana Klotzsch =Lindsaea stricta
Lindsaea rigescens Willd. =Lindsaea stricta
Lindsaea rufescens Kunze =Lindsaea portoricensis
Lindsaea schomburgkii f. coriifolia (Lindm.) K.U. Kramer =Lindsaea schomburgkii
Lindsaea schomburgkii f. densa K.U. Kramer =Lindsaea schomburgkii
Lindsaea trapeziformis Dryand. =Lindsaea lancea
Lindsaea trapeziformis var. erythromera Kunze =Lindsaea divaricata
BO
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
31
Lonchitis lindeniana Hook. =Blotiella lindeniana
Lonchitis pedata L. (Pteridaceae) =Pteris podophylla
Odontoloma parkeri (Hook.) C. Presl =Lindsaea parkeri
Orthiopteris domingensis (Spreng.) Copel. =Saccoloma domingense
Orthiopteris inaequalis (Kunze) Copel. =Saccoloma inaequale
Paesia viscosa A. St.-Hil. =Paesia glandulosa
Pteridium aquilinum var. arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Brade =Pteridium arachnoideum
Pteridium aquilinum subsp. caudatum (L.) Bonap. =Pteridium caudatum
Saccoloma imrayana Hook. =Ormoloma imrayanum
Saccoloma imrayanum Hook. =Ormoloma imrayanum
Schizoloma macrophyllum (Kaulf.) C. Presl =Lindsaea macrophylla
Schizoloma reniforme (Dryand.) Diels =Lindsaea reniformis
Schizoloma sagittatum (Aubl.) Diels =Lindsaea sagittata
Stenoloma gratissima Fée =Lindsaea meifolia
REFERENCES
Cremers, G. & K.U. Kramer. 1991. Dennstaedtiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 4: 20-81.
Kramer, K.U. 1957. A revision of the genus Lindsaea in the New World. Acta Bot. Neerl. 6: 97-290.
Smith, A.R. & K.U. Kramer. 1995. Dennstaedtiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 2: 46-71.
DICKSONIACEAE
AM
Culcita coniifolia (Hook.) Maxon
BO
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Dicksonia adiantoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Dennstaedtia bipinnata
Dicksonia bipinnata Cav. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Dennstaedtia bipinnata
Dicksonia coniifolia Hook. =Culcita coniifolia
Dicksonia dissecta Sw. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Dennstaedtia dissecta
Dicksonia obtusifolia Willd. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Dennstaedtia dissecta
REFERENCES
Maxon, W.R. 1922. The genus Culcita. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 454-460.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Dicksoniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 72-73.
DRYOPTERIDACEAE
Arachniodes denticulata (Sw.) Ching [Mt. Roraima]
Arachniodes leucostegioides (C. Chr.) Ching [Mt. Roraima]
Arachniodes macrostegia (Hook.) R.M. Tryon & D.S. Conant [Mt. Roraima]
Arachniodes ochropteroides (Baker) Lellinger
Cyclodium akawaiorum A.R. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Cyclodium calophyllum (C.V. Morton) A.R. Sm.
Cyclodium guianense (Klotzsch) van der Werff ex L.D. Gómez
Cyclodium inerme (Fée) A.R. Sm.
Cyclodium meniscioides (Willd.) C. Presl
Cyclodium meniscioides var. meniscioides
Cyclodium meniscioides var. rigidissimum (C. Chr.) A.R. Sm.
Cyclodium rheophilum A.R. Sm.
Cyclodium varians (Fée) A.R. Sm.
Didymochlaena truncatula (Sw.) J. Sm.
Olfersia cervina (L.) Kunze
Polybotrya caudata Kunze
Polybotrya cyathifolia Fée
Polybotrya fractiserialis (Baker) Sm.
Polybotrya glandulosa Mett. ex Kuhn
Polybotrya lechleriana Mett. [Mt. Roraima]
Polybotrya osmundacea Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Polybotrya sessilisora R.C. Moran [Brazil/Guyana border area]
Polybotrya sorbifolia Mett. ex Kuhn [expected in the Guianas]
Polystichum platylepis Fée
Polystichum platyphyllum (Willd.) C. Presl
Polystichum sp. A
Stigmatopteris longicaudata (Liebm.) C. Chr.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO?
BO
BO?
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU?
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU?
AM
BO
AM
FG
32
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Stigmatopteris rotundata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C. Chr.
BO
GU
SU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aspidium articulatum Sw. (Oleandraceae) =Oleandra articulata
Aspidium biolleyi H. Christ (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris biolleyi
Aspidium biserratum Sw. (Oleandraceae) =Nephrolepis biserrata
Aspidium capense Willd. (Davalliaceae) =Rumohra adiantiformis
Aspidium coarctatum Kunze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opposita
Aspidium confertum Kaulf. =Cyclodium meniscioides var. meniscioides
Aspidium crenulans Fée (Tectariaceae) =Megalastrum crenulans
Aspidium dicksonioides Fée (Tectariaceae) =Triplophyllum dicksonioides
Aspidium extensum Blume (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opulenta
Aspidium funestum Kunze (Tectariaceae) =Triplophyllum funestum
Aspidium gongylodes Schkuhr (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris interrupta
Aspidium guianense Klotzsch =Cyclodium guianense
Aspidium hispidulum Decne. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris hispidula
Aspidium lizarzaburui (Sodiro) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria lizarzaburui
Aspidium martinicense Spreng. (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria incisa
Aspidium meniscioides Willd. =Cyclodium meniscioides
Aspidium nodosum Willd. (Oleandraceae) =Oleandra articulata
Aspidium opulentum Kaulf. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opulenta
Aspidium pectinatum Willd. (Oleandraceae) =Nephrolepis pectinata
Aspidium pendulum Raddi (Oleandraceae) =Nephrolepis cordifolia
Aspidium pendulum Splitg., non Raddi 1819 (Oleandraceae) =Oleandra pilosa
Aspidium plantagineum (Jacq.) Griseb. (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria plantaginea
Aspidium platyphyllum Willd. =Polystichum platyphyllum
Aspidium plumieri C. Presl (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria trifoliata
Aspidium rostratum Kunth (Metaxyaceae) =Metaxya rostrata
Aspidium rotundatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Stigmatopteris rotundata
Aspidium rutaceum Willd. (Aspleniaceae) =Asplenium rutaceum
Aspidium schomburgkii Klotzsch (Tectariaceae) =Ctenitis falciculata
Aspidium sprengelii Kaulf. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris balbisii
Aspidium truncatulum Sw. =Didymochlaena truncatula
Cyclodium confertum (Kaulf.) C. Presl =Cyclodium meniscioides var. meniscioides
Cyclodium rigidissimum C. Chr. =Cyclodium meniscioides var. rigidissimum
Dryopteris amplissima (C. Presl) Kuntze (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis amplissima
Dryopteris amplissima var. subeffusa C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis amplissima
Dryopteris angustifolia (Willd.) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris angustifolia
Dryopteris arborea Brause (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris arborea
Dryopteris balbisii (Spreng.) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris balbisii
Dryopteris brachypoda (Baker) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris brachypoda
Dryopteris calophylla C.V. Morton =Cyclodium calophyllum
Dryopteris carrii auct. non (Baker) C. Chr. =Stigmatopteris rotundata
Dryopteris chrysodioides (Fée) Maxon & C.V. Morton (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris chrysodioides
Dryopteris chrysodioides var. goyazensis Maxon & C.V. Morton (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris chrysodioides var.
goyazensis
Dryopteris crenulans (Fée) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Megalastrum crenulans
Dryopteris decussata (L.) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris decussata
Dryopteris dejecta (Jenman) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris glandulosa
Dryopteris demerarana (Baker) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris demerarana
Dryopteris densiloba C. Chr. [nom. illeg.] (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris gardneriana
Dryopteris dentata auct. non (Forssk.) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris hispidula
Dryopteris denticulata (Sw.) Kuntze =Arachniodes denticulata
Dryopteris denticulata var. aperta C. Chr. =Arachniodes denticulata
Dryopteris effusa (Sw.) Urb. (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis effusa
Dryopteris engelii Hieron. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris rudis
Dryopteris extensa (Blume) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opulenta
Dryopteris funesta (Kunze) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Triplophyllum funestum
Dryopteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris interrupta
Dryopteris gonophora Weath. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris gonophora
Dryopteris guianensis (Klotzsch) Posth. =Cyclodium guianense
Dryopteris hostmannii Klotzsch (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris arborescens
Dryopteris kanukuana Weath. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pennata
Dryopteris killipii C. Chr. & Maxon (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis killipii
Dryopteris latiuscula Maxon =Thelypteris abrupta
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
33
Dryopteris leprieurii (Hook.) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris leprieurii
Dryopteris leucostegioides C. Chr. =Arachniodes leucostegioides
Dryopteris lindigii C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris deflexa
Dryopteris linkiana (C. Presl) Maxon (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris linkiana
Dryopteris longicaudata (Liebm.) Maxon =Stigmatopteris longicaudata
Dryopteris macrophylla (Kunze) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris macrophylla
Dryopteris macrostegia (Hook.) Kuntze =Arachniodes macrostegia
Dryopteris martinii C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) [not in flora area, type apparently erroneously cited from FG] =Thelypteris
connexa
Dryopteris megalodus (Schkuhr) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pennata
Dryopteris meniscioides (Willd.) Kuntze =Cyclodium meniscioides
Dryopteris meniscioides var. conferta (Kaulf.) C.V. Morton =Cyclodium meniscioides var. meniscioides
Dryopteris mercurii A. Braun ex Hieron. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris balbisii
Dryopteris nephrodioides var. biolleyi (H. Christ) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris biolleyi
Dryopteris nesiotica Maxon & C.V. Morton (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris nesiotica
Dryopteris ochropteroides (Baker) C. Chr. =Arachniodes ochropteroides
Dryopteris oligocarpa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris oligocarpa
Dryopteris opposita (Vahl) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opposita
Dryopteris poiteana (Bory) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris poiteana
Dryopteris protensa var. dicksonioides (Fée) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Triplophyllum dicksonioides
Dryopteris protensa var. funesta (Kunze) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Triplophyllum funestum
Dryopteris pteroidea (Klotzsch) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pteroidea
Dryopteris pyramidata (Fée) Maxon (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris abrupta
Dryopteris quadrangularis (Fée) Alston (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris hispidula
Dryopteris refulgens (Klotzsch ex Mett.) C. Chr. (Tectariaceae) =Ctenitis refulgens
Dryopteris rolandii C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris x rolandii
Dryopteris roraimensis Brause (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris arborea
Dryopteris rotundata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C. Chr. =Stigmatopteris rotundata
Dryopteris rudis (Kunze) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris rudis
Dryopteris sancti-gabrieli (Hook.) Kuntze =Cyclodium guianense
Dryopteris serrata (Cav.) C. Chr. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris serrata
Dryopteris sorbifolia auct. non (Jacq.) Hieron. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris arborescens
Dryopteris subcuneata (Baker) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris abrupta
Dryopteris subincisa (Willd.) Urb. (Tectariaceae) =Megalastrum subincisum
Dryopteris subobliquata (Hook.) Kuntze =Cyclodium inerme
Dryopteris tetragona (Sw.) Urb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris tetragona
Dryopteris tristis (Kunze) Kuntze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris tristis
Dryopteris varians (Fée) Kuntze =Cyclodium varians
Nephrodium antioquianum Baker (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria antioquioana
Nephrodium aureoviridum Jenman [dubious species; =Thelypteris tetragona, Thelypteridaceae?]
Nephrodium brachypodum Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris brachypoda
Nephrodium connexum Kuhn ex Baker (Thelypteridaceae) [not in flora area, type erroneously cited from FG] =Thelypteris
connexa
Nephrodium deflexum C. Presl (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris deflexa
Nephrodium dejectum Jenman (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris glandulosa
Nephrodium gardnerianum Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris gardneriana
Nephrodium leprieurii Hook. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris leprieurii
Nephrodium lizarzaburui Sodiro (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria lizarzaburui
Nephrodium macrostegium Hook. =Arachniodes macrostegia
Nephrodium ochropteroides Baker =Arachniodes ochropteroides
Nephrodium quadrangulare Fée (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris hispidula
Nephrodium subcuneatum Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris abrupta
Nephrodium subfuscum Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris germaniana
Nephrodium varians Fée =Cyclodium varians
Polybotrya aristeguietae Brade =Polybotrya osmundacea
Polybotrya cervina (L.) Kaulf. =Olfersia cervina
Polybotrya pubens auct. non Mart. =Polybotrya caudata
Polybotrya salicifolia Lellinger =Polybotrya sorbifolia
Polybotrya subelliptica Lellinger =Polybotrya glandulosa
Polybotrya vareschii Brade =Polybotrya osmundacea
Polybotrya villosula H. Christ =Polybotrya caudata
Polystichopsis ochropteroides (Baker) C.V. Morton =Arachniodes ochropteroides
Polystichum adiantiforme (G. Forst.) J. Sm. (Davalliaceae) =Rumohra adiantiformis
Polystichum amplissimum C. Presl (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis amplissima
Polystichum capense (Willd.) J. Sm. (Davalliaceae) =Rumohra adiantiformis
34
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Polystichum inerme Fée =Cyclodium inerme
Stigmatopteris guianensis (Klotzsch) C. Chr. =Cyclodium guianense
Stigmatopteris meniscioides (Willd.) K.U. Kramer =Cyclodium meniscioides
Stigmatopteris sancti-gabrieli (Hook.) C. Chr. =Cyclodium guianense
Stigmatopteris varians (Fée) Alston =Cyclodium varians
REFERENCES
Cremers, G., K.U. Kramer, R.C. Moran, & A.R. Smith. 1994. Dryopteridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas
(series B) 6: 3-65.
Moran, R.C. 1986. The Neotropical fern genus Olfersia. Amer. Fern J. 76: 161-178.
Moran, R.C. 1987. Monograph of the Neotropical fern genus Polybotrya (Dryopteridaceae). Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull. 34(1): 1138.
Moran, R.C. 1991. Monograph of the Neotropical fern genus Stigmatopteris (Dryopteridaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78(4):
857-914.
Smith, A.R. 1986. Revision of the Neotropical fern genus Cyclodium. Am. Fern J. 76(2): 56-98.
Smith, A.R., J.T. Mickel, & R.C. Moran. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 2: 73-128.
GLEICHENIACEAE
Dicranopteris flexuosa (Schrad.) Underw.
Dicranopteris nervosa (Kaulf.) Maxon
Dicranopteris pectinata (Willd.) Underw.
Dicranopteris schomburgkiana (J.W. Sturm) C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima]
Diplopterygium bancroftii (Hook.) A.R. Sm.
Sticherus bifidus (Willd.) Ching
Sticherus compactus (H. Christ) Nakai
Sticherus hypoleucus (Sodiro) Copel.
Sticherus longipinnatus (Hook.) Ching
Sticherus melanoblastus (Alston) qsterg. & B. qllg.
Sticherus nervatus J. Gonzales
Sticherus pallescens (Mett.) Vareschi
Sticherus penniger (Mart.) Copel.
Sticherus remotus (Kaulf.) Chrysler
Sticherus revolutus (Kunth) Ching [Mt. Roraima]
Sticherus sp. A
Sticherus tepuiensis A.R. Sm.
Sticherus tomentosus (Cav. ex Sw.) A.R. Sm.
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Dicranopteris bifida (Willd.) Maxon =Sticherus bifidus
Dicranopteris nitidula (Rosenst.) Suess. ex Losch =Sticherus nitidulus
Dicranopteris remota (Kaulf.) Maxon =Sticherus remotus
Gleichenia bancroftii Hook. =Diplopterygium bancroftii
Gleichenia bifida (Willd.) Spreng. =Sticherus bifidus
Gleichenia hypoleuca Sodiro =Sticherus hypoleucus
Gleichenia linearis auct. non (Burm.) C.B. Clarke =Dicranopteris flexuosa
Gleichenia longipinnata Hook. =Sticherus longipinnatus
Gleichenia melanoblasta Alston
Gleichenia nitidula Rosenst. =Sticherus nitidulus
Gleichenia pallescens Mett. =Sticherus pallescens
Gleichenia pectinata (Willd.) C. Presl =Dicranopteris pectinata
Gleichenia pennigera (Mart.) T. Moore =Sticherus penniger
Gleichenia remota (Kaulf.) Spreng. =Sticherus remotus
Gleichenia revoluta Kunth =Sticherus revolutus
Gleichenia tomentosa (Cav. ex Sw.) Spreng. =Sticherus tomentosus
Hicriopteris bancroftii (Hook.) Ching =Diplopterygium bancroftii
Mertensia bifida Willd. =Sticherus bifidus
Mertensia flexuosa Schrad. =Dicranopteris flexuosa
Mertensia pectinata Willd. =Dicranopteris pectinata
Mertensia pennigera Mart. =Sticherus penniger
Mertensia pubescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Sticherus bifidus
Mertensia remota Kaulf. =Sticherus remotus
Mertensia schomburgkiana J.W. Sturm =Dicranopteris schomburgkiana
Mertensia tomentosa Cav. ex Sw. =Sticherus tomentosus
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
35
Mertensia velata Kunze =Sticherus tomentosus
Sticherus nitidulus (Rosenst.) Copel. [not in flora area]
Sticherus pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nakai =Sticherus bifidus
Sticherus velatus (Kunze) Copel. =Sticherus tomentosus
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. 1995. Gleicheniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 128-135.
GRAMMITIDACEAE
Ceradenia arthrothrix L.E. Bishop & A.R. Sm.
Ceradenia capillaris (Desv.) L.E. Bishop [Mt. Roraima]
Ceradenia discolor (Hook.) L.E. Bishop [Mt. Roraima]
Ceradenia fragillima (Copel.) L.E. Bishop [Mt. Roraima]
Ceradenia jungermannioides (Klotzsch) L.E. Bishop
Ceradenia kalbreyeri (Baker) L.E. Bishop
Ceradenia kookenamae (Jenman) L.E. Bishop [Mt. Roraima]
Ceradenia microcystis L.E. Bishop & A.R. Sm.
Ceradenia pruinosa (Maxon) L.E. Bishop
Ceradenia spixiana (Mart. ex Mett.) L.E. Bishop
Cochlidium attenuatum A.C. Sm.
Cochlidium connellii (Baker ex C.H. Wright) A.C. Sm.
Cochlidium furcatum (Hook. & Grev.) C. Chr.
Cochlidium linearifolium (Desv.) Maxon ex C. Chr.
Cochlidium rostratum (Hook.) Maxon ex C. Chr.
Cochlidium seminudum (Willd.) Maxon
Cochlidium serrulatum (Sw.) L.E. Bishop
Cochlidium tepuiense (A.C. Sm.) L.E. Bishop
Cochlidium wurdackii L.E. Bishop
Enterosora campbellii Baker
Enterosora campbellii subsp. campbellii
Enterosora parietina (Klotzsch) L.E. Bishop
Enterosora trifurcata (L.) L.E. Bishop
Grammitis anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Proctor [=Melpomene
anfractuosa]
Grammitis apiculata (Kunze ex Klotzsch) F. Seym.
Grammitis asplenifolia (L.) Proctor [=Terpsichore asplenifolia]
Grammitis blanchetii (C. Chr.) A.R. Sm. [=Micropolypodium nanum]
Grammitis bryophila (Maxon) F. Seym.
Grammitis caucana (Hieron.) C.V. Morton
Grammitis cultrata (Bory ex Willd.) Proctor [=Terpsichore cultrata]
Grammitis firma (J. Sm.) C.V. Morton [=Melpomene firma]
Grammitis flabelliformis (Poir.) C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima] [=Melpomene
flabelliformis]
Grammitis kegeliana (Kunze) Lellinger [=Terpsichore kegeliana]
Grammitis leptopoda (C.H. Wright) Copel. [Mt. Roraima]
Grammitis liesneri A.R. Sm.
Grammitis limula (H. Christ) L.D. Gómez
Grammitis major (Copel.) C.V. Morton
Grammitis melanosticta (Kunze) F. Seym. [=Melpomene melanosticta]
Grammitis melanotrichia (Baker) Lellinger [Mt. Roraima] [=Lellingeria
melanotrichia]
Grammitis mollissima (Fée) Proctor [=Terpsichore mollissima]
Grammitis moniliformis (Lag. ex Sw.) Proctor [=Melpomene moniliformis]
Grammitis myosuroides (Sw.) Sw. [Mt. Roraima] [=Lellingeria myosuroides]
Grammitis paramicola L.E. Bishop [Mt. Roraima]
Grammitis peritimundi L.E. Bishop & A.R. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Grammitis phlegmaria (J. Sm.) Proctor
Grammitis phlegmaria var. phlegmaria
Grammitis pilosissima (M. Martens & Galeotti) C.V. Morton [=Melpomene
pilosissima]
Grammitis plicata A.R. Sm.
Grammitis randallii (Maxon) Proctor
Grammitis shaferi (Maxon) Lellinger [=Lellingeria shaferi]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG?
FG
GU
GU
FG?
FG?
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG
36
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Grammitis sinuosa A.R. Sm. [=Lellingeria sinuosa]
Grammitis sp. A
Grammitis staheliana (Posth.) Lellinger [=Terpsichore staheliana]
Grammitis subsessilis (Baker) C.V. Morton [=Lellingeria subsessilis]
Grammitis suspensa (L.) Proctor [=Lellingeria suspensa]
Grammitis taenifolia (Jenman) Proctor [=Micropolypodium taenifolium]
Grammitis taxifolia (L.) Proctor [=Terpsichore taxifolia]
Grammitis tegetiformis L.E. Bishop
Grammitis tenuicula (Fée) Proctor
Grammitis trichomanoides (Sw.) Ching [=Micropolypodium trichomanoides]
Grammitis truncicola (Klotzsch) C.V. Morton
Grammitis xanthotrichia (Klotzsch) Duek & Lellinger [Mt. Roraima]
[=Terpsichore xanthotrichia]
Grammitis xiphopteroides (Liebm.) A.R. Sm.
Zygophlebia sectifrons (Kunze ex Mett.) L.E. Bishop
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ctenopteris anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Copel. =Grammitis anfractuosa
Ctenopteris apiculata (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Copel. =Grammitis apiculata
Ctenopteris asplenifolia (L.) Copel. =Grammitis asplenifolia
Ctenopteris capillaris (Desv.) Copel. =Ceradenia capillaris
Ctenopteris cultrata (Bory ex Willd.) Copel. =Grammitis cultrata
Ctenopteris firma J. Sm. =Grammitis firma
Ctenopteris fragillima Copel. =Ceradenia fragillima
Ctenopteris jubiformis (Kaulf.) J. Sm. =Grammitis suspensa
Ctenopteris kaieteura (Jenman) Copel. =Grammitis tenuicula
Ctenopteris kalbreyeri (Baker) Copel. =Ceradenia kalbreyeri
Ctenopteris kegeliana (Kunze) K.U. Kramer =Grammitis kegeliana
Ctenopteris kookenamae (Jenman) Copel. =Ceradenia kookenamae
Ctenopteris major Copel. =Grammitis major
Ctenopteris melanosticta (Kunze) Copel. =Grammitis melanosticta
Ctenopteris melanotrichia (Baker) Copel. =Grammitis melanotrichia
Ctenopteris mollissima (Fée) Copel. =Grammitis mollissima
Ctenopteris moniliformis (Lag. ex Sw.) J. Sm. =Grammitis moniliformis
Ctenopteris phlegmaria (J. Sm.) Copel. =Grammitis phlegmaria
Ctenopteris pilosissima (M. Martens & Galeotti) Copel. =Grammitis pilosissima
Ctenopteris pruinosa (Maxon) Copel. =Ceradenia pruinosa
Ctenopteris rigens (Maxon) Copel. =Grammitis xiphopteroides
Ctenopteris rigescens (Bory ex Willd.) J. Sm. =Grammitis flabelliformis
Ctenopteris staheliana (Posth.) K.U. Kramer =Grammitis staheliana
Ctenopteris subsessilis (Baker) Copel. =Grammitis subsessilis
Ctenopteris suspensa (L.) Copel. =Grammitis suspensa
Ctenopteris taxifolia (L.) Copel. =Grammitis taxifolia
Ctenopteris tenuicula (Fée) Copel. =Grammitis tenuicula
Ctenopteris trifurcata (L.) Pic. Serm. =Enterosora trifurcata
Ctenopteris xanthotrichia (Klotzsch) Copel. =Grammitis xanthotrichia
Enterosora integra Lellinger & C.V. Morton =Enterosora campbellii subsp. campbellii
Glyphotaenium campbellii (Baker) Copel. =Enterosora campbellii subsp. campbellii
Glyphotaenium integrum (Lellinger & C.V. Morton) Lellinger =Enterosora campbellii subsp. campbellii
Glyphotaenium trifurcatum (L.) Lellinger =Enterosora trifurcata
Grammitis campbellii (Baker) Proctor =Enterosora campbellii
Grammitis capillaris (Desv.) Proctor =Ceradenia capillaris
Grammitis dicranophylla (C. Chr.) Vareschi =Cochlidium furcatum
Grammitis discolor (Hook.) C.V. Morton =Ceradenia discolor
Grammitis flexuosa Kunth (Adiantaceae) =Eriosorus flexuosus
Grammitis fragillima (Copel.) C.V. Morton =Ceradenia fragillima
Grammitis furcata Hook. & Grev. =Cochlidium furcatum
Grammitis haplophlebica (A.C. Sm.) Vareschi =Grammitis bryophila
Grammitis jamesonii (Hook.) C.V. Morton =Grammitis myosuroides
Grammitis jubiformis (Kaulf.) Proctor =Grammitis suspensa
Grammitis jungermannioides (Klotzsch) Ching =Ceradenia jungermannioides
Grammitis kaieteura (Jenman) C.V. Morton =Grammitis tenuicula
Grammitis kalbreyeri (Baker) C.V. Morton =Ceradenia kalbreyeri
Grammitis kirkbridei Mickel =Ceradenia pruinosa
Grammitis leptodon (C.H. Wright) Vareschi [incorrect spelling, combination in Grammitis previously made] =Grammitis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
leptopoda
Grammitis linearifolia (Desv.) Steud. =Cochlidium linearifolium
Grammitis linkiana C. Presl (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris linkiana
Grammitis nana Fée =Grammitis blanchetii
Grammitis parietina (Klotzsch) Fée =Enterosora parietina
Grammitis pruinosa (Maxon) C.V. Morton =Ceradenia pruinosa
Grammitis revoluta Spreng. ex Willd. (Polypodiaceae) =Pleopeltis astrolepis
Grammitis rigens (Maxon) Proctor =Grammitis xiphopteroides
Grammitis rigescens (Bory ex Willd.) Lellinger =Grammitis flabelliformis
Grammitis sectifrons (Kunze ex Mett.) F. Seym. =Zygophlebia sectifrons
Grammitis serrulata (Sw.) Sw. =Cochlidium serrulatum
Grammitis sprucei (Hook.) J. Sm. =Enterosora parietina
Grammitis tatei Copel. =Cochlidium attenuatum
Grammitis tepuiensis (A.C. Sm.) Vareschi =Cochlidium tepuiense
Grammitis transiens (Lindm.) F. Seym. =Ceradenia spixiana
Grammitis trifurcata (L.) Copel. =Enterosora trifurcata
Grammitis yarumalensis (Hieron.) Proctor =Enterosora parietina
Lellingeria apiculata (Kunze ex Klotzsch) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis apiculata
Lellingeria limula (H. Christ) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis limula
Lellingeria major (Copel.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis major
Lellingeria melanotrichia (Baker) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis melanotrichia
Lellingeria myosuroides (Sw.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis myosuroides
Lellingeria shaferi (Maxon) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis shaferi
Lellingeria sinuosa (A.R. Sm.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis sinuosa
Lellingeria subsessilis (Baker) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis subsessilis
Lellingeria suspensa (L.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis suspensa
Lellingeria tenicula A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis tenuicula
Melpomene anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis anfractuosa
Melpomene firma (J. Sm.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis firma
Melpomene flabelliformis (Poir.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis flabelliformis
Melpomene melanosticta (Kunze) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis melanosticta
Melpomene moniliformis (Lag. ex Sw.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis moniliformis
Melpomene pilosissima (M. Martens & Galeotti) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis pilosissima
Melpomene xiphopteroides (Liebm.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran =Grammitis xiphopteroides
Micropolypodium caucanum (Hieron.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis caucana
Micropolypodium liesneri (A.R. Sm.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis liesneri
Micropolypodium nanum (Fée) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis blanchetii
Micropolypodium plicatum (A.R. Sm.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis plicata
Micropolypodium taenifolium (Jenman) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis taenifolia
Micropolypodium trichomanoides (Sw.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis trichomanoides
Micropolypodium truncicola (Klotzsch) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis truncicola
Monogramma linearifolia Desv. =Cochlidium linearifolium
Nanopteris caucana (Hieron.) Vareschi [nom. inval.] =Grammitis caucana
Nanopteris limula (H. Christ) Pic. Serm. =Grammitis limula
Nanopteris nana (Fée) Vareschi [nom. inval.] =Grammitis blanchetii
Nanopteris taenifolia (Jenman) Vareschi [nom. inval.] =Grammitis taenifolia
Nanopteris truncicola (Klotzsch) Vareschi =Grammitis truncicola
Terpsichore asplenifolia (L.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis asplenifolia
Terpsichore cultrata (Bory ex Willd.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis cultrata
Terpsichore kegeliana (Kunze) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis kegeliana
Terpsichore mollissima (Fée) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis mollissima
Terpsichore staheliana (Posth.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis staheliana
Terpsichore taxifolia (L.) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis taxifolia
Terpsichore xanthotrichia (Klotzsch) A.R. Sm. =Grammitis xanthotrichia
Xiphopteris auyantepuiensis Vareschi =Cochlidium serrulatum
Xiphopteris duale (Maxon) Vareschi =Cochlidium serrulatum
Xiphopteris jamesonii Hook. =Grammitis myosuroides
Xiphopteris limula (H. Christ) Pic. Serm. =Grammitis limula
Xiphopteris myosuroides (Sw.) Kaulf. =Grammitis myosuroides
Xiphopteris nana (Fée) Copel. =Grammitis blanchetii
Xiphopteris rigescens (Bory ex Willd.) Alston =Grammitis flabelliformis
Xiphopteris serrulata (Sw.) Kaulf. =Cochlidium serrulatum
Xiphopteris shaferi (Maxon) K.U. Kramer =Grammitis shaferi
Xiphopteris strictissima (Hook.) Vareschi =Grammitis myosuroides
Xiphopteris taenifolia (Jenman) Copel. =Grammitis taenifolia
37
38
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Xiphopteris trichomanoides (Sw.) Copel. =Grammitis trichomanoides
Xiphopteris truncicola (Klotzsch) Copel. =Grammitis truncicola
REFERENCES
Bishop, L.E. 1977. The American species of Grammitis sect. Grammitis. Amer. Fern J. 67: 101-106.
Bishop, L.E. 1978. Revision of the genus Cochlidium. Amer. Fern J. 68: 76-94.
Bishop, L.E. 1988. Ceradenia, a new genus of Grammitidaceae. Amer. Fern J. 78: 1-5.
Bishop, L.E. & A.R. Smith. 1992. Revision of the fern genus Enterosora (Grammitidaceae) in the New World. Syst. Bot. 17:
345-362.
Bishop, L.E. & A.R. Smith. 1995. Grammitidaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 2: 135-158.
Copeland, E.B. 1952. The American species of Xiphopteris. Amer. Fern J. 42: 41-52, 93-110.
Smith, A.R. 1992. A review of the fern genus Micropolypodium (Grammitidaceae). Novon 2(4): 419-425.
Smith, A.R. 1993. Terpsichore, a new genus of Grammitidaceae (Pteridophyta). Novon 3(4): 478-489.
Smith, A.R. & R.C. Moran. 1992. Melpomene, a new genus of Grammitidaceae (Pteridophyta). Novon 2(4): 426-432.
Smith, A.R., R.C. Moran, & L.E. Bishop. 1991. Lellingeria, a new genus of Grammitidaceae. Amer. Fern J. 81: 76-88.
HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
Hymenophyllum angustum Bosch
Hymenophyllum antillense (Jenman) Jenman [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllum apiculatum Mett. ex Kuhn
Hymenophyllum asplenioides (Sw.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum axillare Sw.
Hymenophyllum brevifrons Kunze
Hymenophyllum decurrens (Jacq.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum dependens C.V. Morton
Hymenophyllum elegans Spreng.
Hymenophyllum fendlerianum J.W. Sturm
Hymenophyllum fucoides (Sw.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum funckii Bosch
Hymenophyllum hirsutum (L.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum jamesonii Hook.
Hymenophyllum kaieteurum Jenman
Hymenophyllum karstenianum J.W. Sturm
Hymenophyllum lanatum Fée
Hymenophyllum lehmannii Hieron.
Hymenophyllum lindenii Hook.
Hymenophyllum microcarpum Desv. [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllum nanostellatum Lellinger
Hymenophyllum plumieri Hook. & Grev.
Hymenophyllum polyanthos (Sw.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum roraimense C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllum sericeum (Sw.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum sp. A
Hymenophyllum sp. B
Hymenophyllum trichomanoides Bosch
Hymenophyllum trichophyllum Kunth
Hymenophyllum undulatum (Sw.) Sw.
Hymenophyllum valvatum Hook. & Grev. [Mt. Roraima]
Trichomanes accedens C. Presl
Trichomanes angustifrons (Fée) Wess. Boer
Trichomanes ankersii C. Parker ex Hook. & Grev.
Trichomanes anomalum Maxon & C.V. Morton
Trichomanes arbuscula Desv.
Trichomanes bancroftii Hook. & Grev.
Trichomanes bicorne Hook.
Trichomanes botryoides Kaulf.
Trichomanes caliginum Lellinger
Trichomanes capillaceum L.
Trichomanes cellulosum Klotzsch
Trichomanes crinitum Sw.
Trichomanes crispum L.
Trichomanes cristatum Kaulf.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG?
FG
AM
GU
AM
BO
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU?
SU
SU?
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Trichomanes dactylites Sodiro [Mt. Roraima]
Trichomanes diaphanum Kunth
Trichomanes diversifrons (Bory) Mett. ex Sadeb.
Trichomanes egleri P.G. Windisch
Trichomanes ekmanii Wess. Boer [Guianas records due to misidentification
fide Lellinger]
Trichomanes elegans Rich.
Trichomanes fimbriatum Backh. ex T. Moore [Guianas records due to
misidentification fide Lellinger]
Trichomanes guidoi P.G. Windisch
Trichomanes hostmannianum (Klotzsch) Kunze
Trichomanes humboldtii (Bosch) Lellinger
Trichomanes hymenophylloides Bosch [Mt. Roraima]
Trichomanes jenmanii Lellinger
Trichomanes kapplerianum J.W. Sturm
Trichomanes krausii Hook. & Grev.
Trichomanes longifolium Desv.
Trichomanes lucens Sw. [Mt. Roraima]
Trichomanes macilentum Bosch
Trichomanes martiusii C. Presl
Trichomanes membranaceum L.
Trichomanes mougeotii Bosch
Trichomanes osmundoides DC. ex Poir.
Trichomanes ovale (E. Fourn.) Wess. Boer
Trichomanes pedicellatum Desv.
Trichomanes pellucens Kunze
Trichomanes pinnatinervium Jenman
Trichomanes pinnatum Hedw.
Trichomanes plumosum Kunze
Trichomanes polypodioides L.
Trichomanes punctatum Poir.
Trichomanes punctatum subsp. labiatum (Jenman) Wess. Boer
Trichomanes pyxidiferum L.
Trichomanes radicans Sw.
Trichomanes radicans var. radicans
Trichomanes resinosum R.C. Moran
Trichomanes rigidum Sw.
Trichomanes robustum E. Fourn.
Trichomanes roraimense Jenman
Trichomanes rupestre (Raddi) Bosch
Trichomanes spruceanum Hook.
Trichomanes sprucei Baker
Trichomanes steyermarkii P.G. Windisch & A.R. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Trichomanes tanaicum Hook. ex J.W. Sturm
Trichomanes trollii Bergdolt
Trichomanes tuerckheimii H. Christ
Trichomanes vandenboschii P.G. Windisch
Trichomanes vittaria DC. ex Poir.
39
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU?
SU
SU?
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
SU
SU
SU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU?
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Davalliopsis elegans (Rich.) Copel. =Trichomanes elegans
Didymoglossum krausii (Hook. & Grev.) C. Presl =Trichomanes krausii
Didymoglossum membranaceum (L.) Vareschi =Trichomanes membranaceum
Didymoglossum ovale E. Fourn. =Trichomanes ovale
Didymoglossum palmarum Vareschi =Trichomanes kapplerianum
Didymoglossum punctatum (Poir.) Desv. =Trichomanes punctatum
Feea boryi Bosch, nom. superfl. =Trichomanes diversifrons
Feea botryoides (Kaulf.) Bosch =Trichomanes botryoides
Feea humboldtii Bosch =Trichomanes humboldtii
Feea nana Bory =Trichomanes botryoides
Feea trollii (Bergdolt) Vareschi =Trichomanes trollii
Homoeotes heterophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C. Presl =Trichomanes humboldtii
Hymenophyllum amoenum (Klotzsch) J.W. Sturm =Hymenophyllum fendlerianum
Hymenophyllum ciliatum (Sw.) Sw. =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
40
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hymenophyllum ciliatum var. ornifolium Kunze =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
Hymenophyllum dejectum Baker (Hymenophyllopsidaceae) =Hymenophyllopsis dejecta
Hymenophyllum lineare var. antillense Jenman =Hymenophyllum antillense
Hymenophyllum myriocarpum Hook. [records due to misidentification fide Lellinger]
Hymenophyllum protrusum Hook. [records due to misidentification fide Lellinger]
Hymenophyllum schomburgkii C. Presl ex J.W. Sturm =Hymenophyllum decurrens
Hymenophyllum siliquosum H. Christ =Hymenophyllum apiculatum
Hymenophyllum surinamense Bosch, nom. superfl. =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
Hymenophyllum trapezoidale Liebm. [records due to misidentification fide Lellinger]
Hymenophyllum undulatum var. fendlerianum (J.W. Sturm) Stolze =Hymenophyllum fendlerianum
Hymenostachys diversifrons Bory =Trichomanes diversifrons
Hymenostachys elegans (Rudge) K. Presl =Trichomanes diversifrons
Hymenostachys osmundoides (DC. ex Poir.) C. Presl =Trichomanes osmundoides
Lacostea ankersii (C. Parker ex Hook. & Grev.) Prantl =Trichomanes ankersii
Lacostea tanaica (Hook. ex J.W. Sturm) Prantl =Trichomanes tanaicum
Lecanium membranaceum (L.) C. Presl =Trichomanes membranaceum
Mecodium apiculatum (Mett. ex Kuhn) Vareschi =Hymenophyllum apiculatum
Mecodium asplenioides (Sw.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum asplenioides
Mecodium axillare (Sw.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum axillare
Mecodium fendlerianum (J.W. Sturm) Copel. =Hymenophyllum fendlerianum
Mecodium microcarpum (Desv.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum microcarpum
Mecodium polyanthos (Sw.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum polyanthos
Mecodium trichomanoides (Bosch) Pic. Serm. =Hymenophyllum trichomanoides
Mecodium undulatum (Sw.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum undulatum
Microgonium kapplerianum (J.W. Sturm) Pic. Serm. =Trichomanes kapplerianum
Neuromanes abruptum Bosch, nom. superfl. =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Neuromanes kaulfussii Bosch, nom. superfl. =Trichomanes pinnatum
Neuromanes schomburgkianum (J.W. Sturm) Bosch =Trichomanes pinnatum
Neuromanes vittaria (DC. ex Poir.) Bosch =Trichomanes vittaria
Neurophyllum hostmannianum Klotzsch =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Neurophyllum pennatum (Kaulf.) K. Presl =Trichomanes pinnatum
Neurophyllum pinnatum (Hedw.) K. Presl =Trichomanes pinnatum
Neurophyllum rhizophyllum (Cav.) Fée =Trichomanes pinnatum
Neurophyllum vittaria (DC. ex Poir.) Prantl =Trichomanes vittaria
Odontomanes hostmannianum (Klotzsch) C. Presl =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Ptilophyllum accedens (C. Presl) Prantl =Trichomanes accedens
Ptilophyllum bancroftii (Hook. & Grev.) Prantl =Trichomanes bancroftii
Ptilophyllum bicorne (Hook.) Prantl =Trichomanes bicorne
Ptilophyllum botryoides (Kaulf.) Prantl =Trichomanes botryoides
Ptilophyllum elegans (Rudge) Prantl =Trichomanes diversifrons
Ptilophyllum hostmannianum (Klotzsch) Prantl =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Ptilophyllum pinnatum (Kaulf.) Prantl =Trichomanes pinnatum
Ptilophyllum schomburgkianum (J.W. Sturm) Prantl =Trichomanes pinnatum
Ptilophyllum vittaria (DC. ex Poir.) Prantl =Trichomanes vittaria
Ragatelus eriophorus C. Presl =Trichomanes crispum
Selenodesmium rigidum (Sw.) Copel. =Trichomanes rigidum
Sphaerocionium antillense (Jenman) Copel. =Hymenophyllum antillense
Sphaerocionium crispum var. amoenum Klotzsch =Hymenophyllum fendlerianum
Sphaerocionium dependens (C.V. Morton) Vareschi =Hymenophyllum dependens
Sphaerocionium elegans (Spreng.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum elegans
Sphaerocionium hirsutum (L.) C. Presl =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
Sphaerocionium karstenianum (J.W. Sturm) Vareschi =Hymenophyllum karstenianum
Sphaerocionium lindenii (Hook.) Vareschi =Hymenophyllum lindenii
Sphaerocionium microcarpum (Desv.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum microcarpum
Sphaerocionium plumieri (Hook. & Grev.) C. Presl =Hymenophyllum plumieri
Sphaerocionium roraimense (C.V. Morton) Vareschi =Hymenophyllum roraimense
Sphaerocionium trichophyllum (Kunth) Copel. =Hymenophyllum trichophyllum
Sphaerocionium valvatum (Hook. & Grev.) Copel. =Hymenophyllum valvatum
Trichomanes abruptum (Bosch) H. Christ =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Trichomanes ankersii var. tanaicum (Hook. ex J.W. Sturm) Sadeb. =Trichomanes tanaicum
Trichomanes asplenioides Sw. =Hymenophyllum asplenioides
Trichomanes carolianum Vareschi =Trichomanes tanaicum
Trichomanes ciliatum Sw. =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
Trichomanes commutatum J.W. Sturm =Trichomanes pedicellatum
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
41
Trichomanes curranii Weath. [Guianas records due to misidentifications of T. caliginum] =Trichomanes fimbriatum
Trichomanes digitatum Sodiro =Trichomanes dactylites
Trichomanes elegans Rudge, non Rich. [nom. illeg.] =Trichomanes diversifrons
Trichomanes floribundum var. vittaria (DC. ex Poir.) Splitg. =Trichomanes vittaria
Trichomanes fruticulosum Jenman =Trichomanes punctatum subsp. labiatum
Trichomanes fucoides Sw. =Hymenophyllum fucoides
Trichomanes furcatum Bosch, non Kaulf. ex Spreng. =Trichomanes pedicellatum
Trichomanes gemmatum J. Sm. ex Hook. & Baker, nom. superfl. =Trichomanes cellulosum
Trichomanes guianense J.W. Sturm =Trichomanes ankersii
Trichomanes heterophyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Trichomanes humboldtii
Trichomanes hirsutum L. =Hymenophyllum hirsutum
Trichomanes hookeri auct. non C. Presl =Trichomanes kapplerianum
Trichomanes huberi H. Christ =Trichomanes hostmannianum
Trichomanes kunzeanum Hook. =Trichomanes radicans
Trichomanes labiatum Jenman =Trichomanes punctatum subsp. labiatum
Trichomanes lambertianum Hook. =Trichomanes lucens
Trichomanes leprieurii Hook., nom. superfl. =Trichomanes elegans
Trichomanes leptophyllum Bosch [nom. illeg.] =Trichomanes hymenophylloides
Trichomanes myrioneuron Lindm. =Trichomanes punctatum subsp. labiatum
Trichomanes nanum (Bory) Hook. =Trichomanes botryoides
Trichomanes pennatum Kaulf. =Trichomanes pinnatum
Trichomanes pilosum Raddi =Trichomanes martiusii
Trichomanes pinnatum var. kaulfussii Domin =Trichomanes pinnatum
Trichomanes pinnatum var. vittaria (DC. ex Poir.) Baker =Trichomanes vittaria
Trichomanes polyanthos Sw. =Hymenophyllum polyanthos
Trichomanes polyphlebius V. Marcano =Trichomanes arbuscula
Trichomanes prieurii Kunze =Trichomanes elegans
Trichomanes rhizophyllum Cav. =Trichomanes pinnatum
Trichomanes schomburgkianum J.W. Sturm =Trichomanes pinnatum
Trichomanes schomburgkii Bosch =Trichomanes crispum
Trichomanes sellowianum C. Presl =Trichomanes cristatum
Trichomanes sphenoides auct. non Kunze =Trichomanes punctatum
Trichomanes spicisorum Desv. =Trichomanes osmundoides
Trichomanes subsessile Splitg. =Trichomanes pedicellatum
Trichomanes superbum Bosch =Trichomanes fimbriatum
Trichomanes torotumanii Vareschi =Trichomanes tuerckheimii
Trichomanes trigonum auct. non Desv. [records due to misidentification fide Lellinger] =Trichomanes fimbriatum
Trichomanes trigonum var. fimbriatum (Backh. ex T. Moore) Proctor =Trichomanes fimbriatum
Trichomanes undulatum Sw. =Hymenophyllum undulatum
Trichomanes undulatum Bosch =Trichomanes vandenboschii
Trichomanes windischianum Lellinger =Trichomanes sprucei
Vandenboschia capillacea (L.) Copel. =Trichomanes capillaceum
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1984. Hymenophyllaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 12. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 38: 1-84.
Lellinger, D.B. 1991. Notes on neotropical Hymenophyllaceae. Amer. Fern J. 81: 42-46.
Lellinger, D.B. 1994. Trichomanes polypodioides and its allies. Amer. Fern J. 84(1): 1-4.
Lellinger, D.B. 1994. Hymenophyllaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 3: 1-66.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Hymenophyllaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 159185.
HYMENOPHYLLOPSIDACEAE
Hymenophyllopsis asplenioides A.C. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllopsis ctenitoides Lellinger [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllopsis dejecta (Baker) K.I. Goebel [Mt. Roraima]
Hymenophyllopsis hymenophylloides L.D. Gómez
Hymenophyllopsis incognita Lellinger
Hymenophyllopsis steyermarkii Vareschi
Hymenophyllopsis superba Lellinger
Hymenophyllopsis universitatis Vareschi
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU?
GU
42
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1984. Hymenophyllopsidaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 12. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 38: 1-84.
Lellinger, D.B. 1991. Hymenophyllopsidaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 4: 82-86.
Lellinger, D.B. 1995. Hymenophyllopsidaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
2: 186-188.
LOMARIOPSIDACEAE
Bolbitis lindigii (Mett.) Ching
AM
Bolbitis nicotianifolia (Sw.) Alston
Bolbitis portoricensis (Spreng.) Hennipman
AM
Bolbitis semipinnatifida (Fée) Alston
Bolbitis serratifolia (Mert. ex Kaulf.) Schott
AM
Elaphoglossum acrocarpum (Mart.) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum andicola (Fée) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum antioquianum Hieron.
Elaphoglossum apodum (Kaulf.) Schott ex J. Sm.
Elaphoglossum auricomum (Kunze) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum brachyneuron (Fée) J. Sm.
Elaphoglossum crinitum (L.) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum crispatum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum crispatum var. beitelii Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum crispatum var. crispatum
AM
Elaphoglossum cuspidatum (Willd.) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum decoratum (Kunze) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum discolor (Kuhn) C. Chr.
AM
Elaphoglossum dolichopus Mickel
Elaphoglossum engelii (H. Karst.) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum erinaceum (Fée) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum eximium (Mett.) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum flaccidum (Fée) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum floccosum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum foldatsii Vareschi
AM
Elaphoglossum glabellum J. Sm.
Elaphoglossum hayesii (Mett. ex Kuhn) Maxon
Elaphoglossum herminieri (Bory & Fée ex Fée) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum hoffmannii (Mett. ex Kuhn) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum horridulum (Kaulf.) J. Sm.
AM
Elaphoglossum incubus Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum laminarioides (Bory ex Fée) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum langsdorffii (Hook. & Grev.) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum latifolium (Sw.) J. Sm. [see also Elaphoglossum sporadolepis]
Elaphoglossum leptophlebium (Baker) C. Chr.
Elaphoglossum lingua (Raddi) Brack.
Elaphoglossum lloense (Hook.) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum longicaudatum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum luridum (Fée) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum macrophyllum (Mett. ex Kuhn) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum maguirei Mickel
Elaphoglossum meridense (Klotzsch) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum minutum (Pohl ex Fée) T. Moore [Mt. Roraima]
Elaphoglossum moritzianum (Klotzsch) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum nigrescens (Hook.) T. Moore ex Diels
AM
Elaphoglossum obovatum Mickel
Elaphoglossum paleaceum (Hook. & Grev.) Sledge
AM
Elaphoglossum papillosum (Baker) H. Christ
AM
Elaphoglossum parvulum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum peltatum (Sw.) Urb.
Elaphoglossum piloselloides (C. Presl) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum plumosum (Fée) T. Moore
AM
Elaphoglossum polyblepharum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum praetermissum Mickel
AM
Elaphoglossum productum Rosenst. [Mt. Roraima]
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
BO
BO
SU
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU?
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Elaphoglossum pteropodum (Sodiro) C. Chr.
Elaphoglossum pteropus C. Chr.
Elaphoglossum pusillum (Mett. ex Kuhn) C. Chr.
Elaphoglossum raywaense (Jenman) Alston
Elaphoglossum revolutum (Liebm.) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum scandens (Bory ex Fée) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum sporadolepis (Kunze ex Kuhn) T. Moore ex C. Chr.
[=Elaphoglossum latifolium?]
Elaphoglossum squarrosum (Klotzsch) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum steyermarkii Mickel
Elaphoglossum strictum (Raddi) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum styriacum Mickel
Elaphoglossum succubus Mickel
Elaphoglossum tantalinum Mickel
Elaphoglossum tectum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum tenuifolium (Liebm.) T. Moore
Elaphoglossum tovarense (Mett. ex Kuhn) T. Moore ex C. Chr. [Mt. Roraima]
Elaphoglossum vanderwerffii Mickel
Elaphoglossum vareschianum Mickel
Elaphoglossum wurdackii Vareschi [Mt. Roraima]
Elaphoglossum xiphoides Mickel
Elaphoglossum zosteriformis Mickel
Lomagramma guianensis (Aubl.) Ching
Lomariopsis erythrodes (Kunze) Fée
Lomariopsis fendleri D.C. Eaton
Lomariopsis japurensis (Mart.) J. Sm.
Lomariopsis prieuriana Fée
AM
43
GU
SU
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
AM
BO
GU
SU?
SU
GU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
FG
FG?
AM
AM
FG
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG?
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bolbitis aliena (Sw.) auct. non Alston =Bolbitis semipinnatifida
Bolbitis cladorrhizans (Spreng.) Ching =Bolbitis portoricensis
Bolbitis guianensis (Aubl.) K.U. Kramer ex Vareschi =Lomagramma guianensis
Bolbitis maguirei Maxon & C.V. Morton =Bolbitis serratifolia
Bolbitis scopulina Maxon & C.V. Morton =Bolbitis semipinnatifida
Elaphoglossum agostinii Vareschi =Elaphoglossum sporadolepis
Elaphoglossum attenuatum (Kunze ex Kuhn) H. Christ =Elaphoglossum hoffmannii
Elaphoglossum cordigerum H. Christ =Elaphoglossum eximium
Elaphoglossum fraseri (Mett. ex Kuhn) H. Christ =Elaphoglossum pusillum
Elaphoglossum gayanum (Fée) T. Moore =Elaphoglossum minutum
Elaphoglossum leptophyllum (Fée) T. Moore =Elaphoglossum minutum
Elaphoglossum lineare var. klotzschii (Moritz) Hieron. =Elaphoglossum eximium
Elaphoglossum longifolium (C. Presl) J. Sm. =Elaphoglossum latifolium
Elaphoglossum reichenbachii (Moritz ex Kuhn) H. Christ =Elaphoglossum eximium
Elaphoglossum rigidum (Aubl.) Urb. =Elaphoglossum flaccidum
Elaphoglossum schomburgkii (Fée) T. Moore =Elaphoglossum luridum
Elaphoglossum spathulatum auct. non (Bory) T. Moore =Elaphoglossum piloselloides
Elaphoglossum squamosum (Sw.) J. Sm. =Elaphoglossum paleaceum
Elaphoglossum stenopteris (Klotzsch) T. Moore =Elaphoglossum brachyneuron
Elaphoglossum williamsii Vareschi =Elaphoglossum nigrescens
Hymenodium crinitum (L.) Fée =Elaphoglossum crinitum
Leptochilus alienus auct. non (Sw.) C. Chr. =Bolbitis semipinnatifida
Leptochilus guianensis (Aubl.) C. Chr. =Lomagramma guianensis
Leptochilus nicotianifolius (Sw.) C. Chr. =Bolbitis nicotianifolia
Leptochilus serratifolius (Mert. ex Kaulf.) C. Chr. =Bolbitis serratifolia
Peltapteris peltata (Sw.) C.V. Morton =Elaphoglossum obovatum
Rhipidopteris peltata (Sw.) Schott =Elaphoglossum peltatum
REFERENCES
Hennipman, E. 1977. A monograph of the fern genus Bolbitis. Leiden Bot. Ser. 2: 1-331.
Smith, A.R., J.T. Mickel, & R.C. Moran. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 2: 73-128.
LYGODIACEAE
Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw.
GU
44
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. [introduced from Old World tropics]
Lygodium venustum Sw.
Lygodium volubile Sw.
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Lygodium mexicanum C. Presl =Lygodium venustum
Lygodium micans J.W. Sturm =Lygodium volubile
Lygodium polymorphum auct. non (Cav.) Kunth =Lygodium venustum
REFERENCES
Duek, J.J. 1978. A taxonomic revision of Lygodium in America. Feddes Repert. 89: 411-423.
Lellinger, D.B. 1969. Schizaeaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland - Part VIII. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 18(2): 2-11.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Schizaeaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 288-296.
MARATTIACEAE
Danaea elliptica Sm.
Danaea leprieurii Kunze
Danaea moritziana C. Presl
Danaea nodosa (L.) Sm.
Danaea simplicifolia Rudge
Danaea trifoliata Rchb. ex Kunze
Marattia laevis Sm.
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Danaea elliptica subsp. simplicifolia (Rudge) Rolleri =Danaea simplicifolia
Danaea nigrescens Jenman =Danaea nodosa
Marattia kaulfussii J. Sm. =Marattia laevis
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. 1995. Marattiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 206-209.
MARSILEACEAE
Marsilea deflexa A. Braun
Marsilea minuta L.
Marsilea polycarpa Hook. & Grev.
BO
DA
GU
GU?
GU
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Johnson, D.M. 1986. Systematics of the New World species of Marsilea. Syst. Bot. Monogr. 11: 1-87.
Reed, C.F. 1965. Index Marsileata et Salviniata. Suppl. Bol. Soc. Brot. II, 39: 259-302.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Marsileaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 209-211.
METAXYACEAE
AM
Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) C. Presl
BO
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Amphidesmium blechnoides (Hook.) J. Sm. =Metaxya rostrata
Amphidesmium rostratum (Kunth) J. Sm. =Metaxya rostrata
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. 1995. Metaxyaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 211-212.
OLEANDRACEAE
Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott
Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl
Nephrolepis multiflora (Roxb.) Jarrett ex C.V. Morton
Nephrolepis pectinata (Willd.) Schott
Nephrolepis rivularis (Vahl) Mett. ex Krug
Oleandra articulata (Sw.) C. Presl
Oleandra duidae A.C. Sm.
Oleandra pilosa Hook.
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
45
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Nephrolepis pendula (Raddi) J. Sm. =Nephrolepis cordifolia
Oleandra nodosa (Willd.) C. Presl =Oleandra articulata
REFERENCES
Cremers, G. & K.U. Kramer. 1994. Nephrolepidaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 6: 66-72.
Cremers, G. & K.U. Kramer. 1994. Oleandraceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 6: 73-76.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Davalliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 43-46.
Smith, A.R., J.T. Mickel, & R.C. Moran. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 2: 73-128.
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
AM
Cheiroglossa palmata (L.) C. Presl
Ophioglossum nudicaule L. f.
Ophioglossum reticulatum L.
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ophioglossum ellipticum Hook. & Grev. =Ophioglossum nudicaule
Ophioglossum macrorhizum Kunze =Ophioglossum nudicaule
Ophioglossum palmatum L. =Cheiroglossa palmata
REFERENCES
Clausen, R.T. 1938. A monograph of the Ophioglossaceae. Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 19(2): 1-177.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Ophioglossaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 212-214.
OSMUNDACEAE
BO
BO
Osmunda cinnamomea L.
Osmunda regalis L.
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Osmunda cervina L. (Dryopteridaceae) =Olfersia cervina
Osmunda humilis Cav. (Schizaeaceae) =Anemia oblongifolia
Osmunda oblongifolia Cav. (Schizaeaceae) =Anemia oblongifolia
Osmunda peltata Sw. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum obovatum
PARKERIACEAE
Ceratopteris deltoidea Benedict [=Ceratopteris pteridoides?]
Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron.
Ceratopteris richardii Brongn.
Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn.
BO
DA
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ceratopteris calomelanos (L.) Link (Pteridaceae) =Pityrogramma calomelanos
Ceratopteris lockhartii (Hook. & Grev.) Kunze =Ceratopteris pteridoides or Ceratopteris thalictroides
Parkeria pteridoides Hook. =Ceratopteris pteridoides
REFERENCES
Lloyd, R.M. 1974. Systematics of the genus Ceratopteris Brongn. II. Taxonomy. Brittonia 26: 139-160.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Parkeriaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 215-217.
PLAGIOGYRIACEAE
AM
Plagiogyria semicordata (C. Presl) H. Christ
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Lomaridium semicordatum C. Presl =Plagiogyria semicordata
POLYPODIACEAE
Campyloneurum amphostenon (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Fée [Mt. Roraima]
AM
BO
46
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Campyloneurum angustifolium (Sw.) Fée
Campyloneurum coarctatum (Kunze) Fée
Campyloneurum fuscosquamatum Lellinger
Campyloneurum latum T. Moore
Campyloneurum occultum (H. Christ) L.D. Gómez
Campyloneurum phyllitidis (L.) C. Presl
Campyloneurum repens (Aubl.) C. Presl
Campyloneurum wurdackii B. León
Dicranoglossum desvauxii (Klotzsch) Proctor
Dicranoglossum furcatum (L.) J. Sm.
Microgramma baldwinii Brade
Microgramma fuscopunctata (Hook.) Vareschi
Microgramma geminata (Schrad.) R.M. Tryon & A.F. Tryon
Microgramma lycopodioides (L.) Copel.
Microgramma megalophylla (Desv.) de la Sota
Microgramma persicariifolia (Schrad.) C. Presl
Microgramma piloselloides (L.) Copel.
Microgramma reptans (Cav.) A.R. Sm.
Microgramma tecta (Kaulf.) Alston
Microgramma thurnii (Baker) R.M. Tryon & Stolze
Neurodium lanceolatum (L.) Fée
Niphidium crassifolium (L.) Lellinger
Pecluma camptophyllaria (Fée) M.G. Price
Pecluma camptophyllaria var. lachnifera (Hieron.) Lellinger
Pecluma consimilis (Mett.) M.G. Price
Pecluma consimilis var. consimilis
Pecluma dispersa (A.M. Evans) M.G. Price
Pecluma eurybasis (C. Chr.) M.G. Price [Mt. Roraima]
Pecluma hygrometrica (Splitg.) M.G. Price
Pecluma pectinata (L.) M.G. Price
Pecluma plumula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M.G. Price
Pecluma ptilodon (Kunze) M.G. Price
Pecluma ptilodon var. caespitosa (Jenman) Mickel & Beitel
Pecluma ptilodon var. pilosa (A.M. Evans) Stolze
Pecluma ptilodon var. ptilodon
Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Sm.
Phlebodium decumanum (Willd.) J. Sm.
Phlebodium pseudoaureum (Cav.) Lellinger
Pleopeltis astrolepis (Liebm.) E. Fourn.
Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf.
Pleopeltis percussa (Cav.) Hook. & Grev.
Pleopeltis repanda A.R. Sm.
Polypodium adnatum Kunze ex Klotzsch
Polypodium attenuatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Polypodium aturense Maury
Polypodium bombycinum Maxon
Polypodium caceresii Sodiro
Polypodium dissimile L.
Polypodium dulce Poir.
Polypodium flagellare H. Christ
Polypodium fraxinifolium Jacq.
Polypodium funckii Mett.
Polypodium lasiopus Klotzsch
Polypodium levigatum Cav.
Polypodium loriceum L.
Polypodium panorense C. Chr.
Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt
Polypodium polypodioides var. burchellii (Baker) Weath.
Polypodium polypodioides var. polypodioides
Polypodium sessilifolium Desv.
Polypodium thyssanolepis A. Braun ex Klotzsch
Polypodium triseriale Sw.
Polypodium wagneri Mett.
Terpsichore bradeana Labiak
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU?
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Terpsichore steyermarkii Lobiak
47
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Campyloneurum costatum (Kunze) C. Presl =Campyloneurum phyllitidis
Campyloneurum sphenodes (Kunze) Fée [not in flora area]
Drynaria acuminata Fée =Microgramma thurnii
Eschatogramme desvauxii (Klotzsch) C. Chr. =Dicranoglossum desvauxii
Eschatogramme furcata (L.) C. Chr. =Dicranoglossum furcatum
Eschatogramme furcata auct. non (L.) C. Chr. =Dicranoglossum desvauxii
Goniophlebium adnatum (Kunze ex Klotzsch) T. Moore =Polypodium adnatum
Goniophlebium attenuatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C. Presl =Polypodium attenuatum
Goniophlebium fraxinifolium (Jacq.) Moore =Polypodium fraxinifolium
Goniophlebium glaucophyllum (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Fée =Polypodium levigatum
Goniophlebium lasiopus (Klotzsch) T. Moore =Polypodium lasiopus
Goniophlebium loriceum (L.) J. Sm. ex Hook. =Polypodium loriceum
Goniophlebium triseriale (Sw.) Pic. Serm. =Polypodium triseriale
Marginaria bombycina (Maxon) Pic. Serm. =Polypodium bombycinum
Marginaria polypodioides (L.) Tidestr. =Polypodium polypodioides
Marginaria thyssanolepis (A. Braun ex Klotzsch) Farw. =Polypodium thyssanolepis
Microgramma acuminata (Fée) Lellinger =Microgramma thurnii
Microgramma ciliata (Willd.) Alston =Microgramma reptans
Microgramma percussa (Cav.) de la Sota =Pleopeltis percussa
Paltonium lanceolatum (L.) C. Presl =Neurodium lanceolatum
Pessopteris crassifolia (L.) Underw. & Maxon =Niphidium crassifolium
Phymatodes prominula Maxon =Microgramma lycopodioides
Pleopeltis fuscopunctata (Hook.) R.M. Tryon & A.F. Tryon =Microgramma fuscopunctata
Pleopeltis lanceolata (L.) C. Presl =Pleopeltis macrocarpa
Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) E.G. Andrews & Windham =Polypodium polypodioides
Pleopeltis revoluta (Spreng. ex Willd.) A.R. Sm. =Pleopeltis astrolepis
Pleopeltis thyssanolepis (A. Braun ex Klotzsch) E.G. Andrews & Windham =Polypodium thyssanolepis
Polypodium abruptum Desv. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris abrupta
Polypodium adiantiforme G. Forst. (Davalliaceae) =Rumohra adiantiformis
Polypodium adiantoides Aubl., non Burm. (Dryopteridaceae) =Polybotrya caudata
Polypodium amphostenon Kunze ex Klotzsch =Campyloneurum amphostenon
Polypodium anfractuosum Kunze ex Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis anfractuosa
Polypodium angustifolium Sw. =Campyloneurum angustifolium
Polypodium angustifolium var. amphostenon (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Baker =Campyloneurum amphostenon
Polypodium apiculatum Kunze ex Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis apiculata
Polypodium areolatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Phlebodium pseudoaureum
Polypodium aromaticum Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis firma
Polypodium asplenifolium L. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis asplenifolia
Polypodium astrolepis Liebm. =Pleopeltis astrolepis
Polypodium aureum L. =Phlebodium aureum
Polypodium aureum var. areolatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Baker =Phlebodium pseudoaureum
Polypodium balbisii Spreng. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris balbisii
Polypodium binervatum Poir. (Blechnaceae) =Blechnum binervatum
Polypodium blanchetii C. Chr. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis blanchetii
Polypodium bolivari de la Sota =Polypodium bombycinum
Polypodium brasiliense Poir. =Polypodium triseriale
Polypodium bryophilum Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis bryophila
Polypodium camptophyllarium Fée =Pecluma camptophyllaria
Polypodium camptophyllarium var. lachniferum (Hieron.) A.M. Evans =Pecluma camptophyllaria var. lachnifera
Polypodium capillare Desv. (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia capillaris
Polypodium caucanum Hieron. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis caucana
Polypodium chimantense Vareschi (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia discolor
Polypodium ciliatum Willd. =Microgramma reptans
Polypodium coarctatum Kunze =Campyloneurum coarctatum
Polypodium confusum J. Sm. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis suspensa
Polypodium connellii Baker ex C.H. Wright (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium connellii
Polypodium consimile Mett. =Pecluma consimilis
Polypodium crassifolium L. =Niphidium crassifolium
Polypodium crispatum (J. Sm.) C.V. Morton (Grammitidaceae) [not in flora area] =Enterosora ecostata (Sodiro) L.E.Bishop
Polypodium cultratum auct. non Willd. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis mollissima
Polypodium decumanum Willd. =Phlebodium decumanum
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Polypodium decussatum L. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris decussata
Polypodium demeraranum Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris demerarana
Polypodium denticulatum Sw. (Dryopteridaceae) =Arachniodes denticulata
Polypodium dicranophyllum C. Chr. (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium furcatum
Polypodium discolor Hook. (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia discolor
Polypodium dispersum A.M. Evans =Pecluma dispersa
Polypodium dissectum Sw. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Dennstaedtia dissecta
Polypodium divergens Willd. (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis effusa subsp. divergens
Polypodium duale Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium serrulatum
Polypodium effusum Sw. (Tectariaceae) =Lastreopsis effusa
Polypodium eurybasis C. Chr. =Pecluma eurybasis
Polypodium exiguum Fée (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis blanchetii
Polypodium firmum Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis firma
Polypodium flabelliforme Poir. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis flabelliformis
Polypodium furcatum (Hook. & Grev.) Mett. (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium furcatum
Polypodium fuscopunctatum Hook. =Microgramma fuscopunctata
Polypodium glaucophyllum Kunze ex Klotzsch =Polypodium levigatum
Polypodium guianense Aubl. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Lomagramma guianensis
Polypodium haplophlebicum A.C. Sm. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis bryophila
Polypodium hirsutum Desv. (Cyatheaceae) =Cyathea surinamensis
Polypodium horridum L. (Cyatheaceae) =Cnemidaria horrida
Polypodium hostmannii Klotzsch (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris arborescens
Polypodium hygrometricum Splitg. =Pecluma hygrometrica
Polypodium incanum var. burchelli Baker =Polypodium polypodioides var. burchellii
Polypodium induens Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis anfractuosa
Polypodium jubiforme Kaulf. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis suspensa
Polypodium jungermannioides Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia jungermannioides
Polypodium kaieteurum Jenman (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis tenuicula
Polypodium kalbreyeri Baker (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia kalbreyeri
Polypodium kegelianum Kunze (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis kegeliana
Polypodium kookenamae Jenman (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia kookenamae
Polypodium lachniferum Hieron. =Pecluma camptophyllaria var. lachnifera
Polypodium lanceolatum auct. non L. =Pleopeltis astrolepis
Polypodium leptopodon C.H. Wright (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis leptopoda
Polypodium l’herminieri Fée (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis taxifolia
Polypodium limulum H. Christ (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis limula
Polypodium longicaudatum Liebm. (Dryopteridaceae) =Stigmatopteris longicaudata
Polypodium lycopodioides L. =Microgramma lycopodioides
Polypodium macrocarpum Bory ex Willd. =Pleopeltis macrocarpa
Polypodium megalodus Schkuhr (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pennata
Polypodium megalophyllum Desv. =Microgramma megalophylla
Polypodium melanostictum Kunze (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis melanosticta
Polypodium melanotrichium Baker (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis melanotrichia
Polypodium microdonton Desv. (Cyatheaceae) =Cyathea microdonta
Polypodium mollissimum Fée (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis mollissima
Polypodium moniliforme Lag. ex Sw. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis moniliformis
Polypodium myosuroides Sw. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis myosuroides
Polypodium nanum Fée (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis blanchetii
Polypodium nematorhizon D.C. Eaton =Microgramma fuscopunctata
Polypodium neriifolium Schkuhr =Polypodium triseriale
Polypodium nervosum Klotzsch (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris rudis
Polypodium oligocarpum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris oligocarpa
Polypodium oppositum Vahl (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris opposita
Polypodium parietinum Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Enterosora parietina
Polypodium pectinatum L. =Pecluma pectinata
Polypodium pennatum Poir. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pennata
Polypodium percussum Cav. =Pleopeltis percussa
Polypodium persicariifolium Schrad. =Microgramma persicariifolia
Polypodium phlegmaria J. Sm. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis phlegmaria
Polypodium phyllitidis L. =Campyloneurum phyllitidis
Polypodium plantagineum Jacq. (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria plantaginea
Polypodium plumula Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Pecluma plumula
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
49
Polypodium plumulum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Pecluma plumula
Polypodium pressum Brause (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia kalbreyeri
Polypodium procerum Willd. (Cyatheaceae) =Cyathea pungens
Polypodium pruinatum Baker (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia pruinosa
Polypodium pruinosum Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia pruinosa
Polypodium pseudoaureum Cav. =Phlebodium pseudoaureum
Polypodium pseudofraternum A.C. Sm. =Polypodium sessilifolium
Polypodium pteroideum Klotzsch (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris pteroidea
Polypodium pteropus Hook. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis subsessilis
Polypodium ptilodon Kunze =Pecluma ptilodon
Polypodium ptilodon var. pilosum A.M. Evans =Pecluma ptilodon var. pilosa
Polypodium pungens Willd. (Cyatheaceae) =Cyathea pungens
Polypodium repens Aubl. =Campyloneurum repens
Polypodium rigens Maxon (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis xiphopteroides
Polypodium rigescens Bory ex Willd. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis flabelliformis
Polypodium rivulare Vahl (Oleandraceae) =Nephrolepis rivularis
Polypodium roraimense Brause (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia kalbreyeri
Polypodium roraimense Baker (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris roraimensis
Polypodium rostratum Willd. (Metaxyaceae) =Metaxya rostrata
Polypodium rude Kunze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris rudis
Polypodium sancti-gabrieli Hook. (Dryopteridaceae) =Cyclodium guianense
Polypodium sectifrons Kunze ex Mett. (Grammitidaceae) =Zygophlebia sectifrons
Polypodium semicordatum Sw. (Tectariaceae) =Cyclopeltis semicordata
Polypodium serrulatum (Sw.) Mett. (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium serrulatum
Polypodium serrulatum var. strictissimum Hook. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis myosuroides
Polypodium sororium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Polypodium dulce
Polypodium sphenodes Kunze [not in flora area] =Campyloneurum sphenodes (Kunze) Fée
Polypodium spixianum Mart. ex Mett. (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia spixiana
Polypodium sprucei Hook. (Grammitidaceae) =Enterosora parietina
Polypodium stahelianum Posth. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis staheliana
Polypodium strictissimum (Hook.) Hieron. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis myosuroides
Polypodium subincisum Willd. (Tectariaceae) =Megalastrum subincisum
Polypodium subobliquatum Hook. (Dryopteridaceae) =Cyclodium inerme
Polypodium subsessile Baker (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis subsessilis
Polypodium subtetragonum Link (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris tetragona
Polypodium surinamensis Jacq. =Microgramma lycopodioides
Polypodium suspensum L. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis suspensa
Polypodium taenifolium Jenman (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis taenifolia
Polypodium taxifolium L. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis taxifolia
Polypodium tectum Kaulf. =Microgramma tecta
Polypodium tenuiculum Fée (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis tenuicula
Polypodium tenuiculum var. acrosorum Hieron. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis major
Polypodium tepuiense A.C. Sm. (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium tepuiense
Polypodium tetragonum Sw. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris tetragona
Polypodium thurnii Baker =Microgramma thurnii
Polypodium tottum Thunb. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris interrupta
Polypodium transiens Lindm. (Grammitidaceae) =Ceradenia spixiana
Polypodium trichomanoides Sw. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis trichomanoides
Polypodium trifoliatum L. (Tectariaceae) =Tectaria trifoliata
Polypodium trifurcatum L. (Grammitidaceae) =Enterosora trifurcata
Polypodium triste Kunze (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris tristis
Polypodium truncicola Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis truncicola
Polypodium xanthotrichium Klotzsch (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis xanthotrichia
Polypodium xiphopteroides Liebm. (Grammitidaceae) =Grammitis xiphopteroides
Polypodium yarumalense Hieron. (Grammitidaceae) =Enterosora parietina
Taenitis desvauxii Klotzsch =Dicranoglossum desvauxii
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1972. A revision of the fern genus Niphidium. Amer. Fern J. 62: 101-120.
Lellinger, D.B. 1988. Some new species of Campyloneurum and a provisional key to the genus. Amer. Fern J. 78(1): 14-35.
Price, M.G. 1983. Pecluma, a new tropical American fern genus. Amer. Fern J. 73(3): 109-116.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Polypodiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 219-249.
50
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
PTERIDACEAE
Acrostichum aureum L.
Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch. [expected in DA]
Pteris altissima Poir.
Pteris biaurita L.
Pteris deflexa Link
Pteris denticulata Sw.
Pteris pearcei Baker
Pteris plumula Desv.
Pteris podophylla Sw.
Pteris polita Link [see also Pteris propinqua]
Pteris propinqua J. Agardh [=Pteris polita?]
Pteris pungens Willd.
Pteris quadriaurita Retz. [neotropical material =P. plumula, fide D. Lellinger]
Pteris splendens Kaulf.
Pteris tripartita Sw. [naturalized]
Pteris vittata L. [naturalized]
DA
AM
BO
AM
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GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
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SU
SU
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FG
FG
FG
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FG
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AM
AM
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SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acrostichum acrocarpum Mart. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum acrocarpum
Acrostichum alatum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum pteropus
Acrostichum andicola Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum andicola
Acrostichum auricomum Kunze (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum auricomum
Acrostichum bonariense Willd. (Adiantaceae) =Cheilanthes bonariensis
Acrostichum brachyneuron Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum brachyneuron
Acrostichum calomelanos L. (Adiantaceae) =Pityrogramma calomelanos
Acrostichum chrysolepis Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum plumosum
Acrostichum citrifolium L. (Vittariaceae) =Anetium citrifolium
Acrostichum cladorrhizans Spreng. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Bolbitis portoricensis
Acrostichum compactum Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum sporadolepis
Acrostichum corpulentum Kunze ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum sporadolepis
Acrostichum crinitum L. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum crinitum
Acrostichum cuspidatum Willd. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum cuspidatum
Acrostichum decoratum Kunze (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum decoratum
Acrostichum discolor Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum discolor
Acrostichum ebeneum L. (Adiantaceae) =Pityrogramma ebenea
Acrostichum elegans Vahl (Schizaeaceae) =Schizaea elegans
Acrostichum erinaceum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum erinaceum
Acrostichum eximium Mett. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum eximium
Acrostichum flaccidum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum flaccidum
Acrostichum fraseri Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum pusillum
Acrostichum gayanum (Fée) T. Moore (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum minutum
Acrostichum hayesii Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum hayesii
Acrostichum herminieri Bory ex Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum herminieri
Acrostichum hoffmannii Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum hoffmannii
Acrostichum horridulum Kaulf. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum horridulum
Acrostichum japurense Mart. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Lomariopsis japurensis
Acrostichum laminarioides Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum laminarioides
Acrostichum langsdorffii Hook. & Grev. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum langsdorffii
Acrostichum leptophlebium Baker (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum leptophlebium
Acrostichum leptophyllum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum minutum
Acrostichum luridum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum luridum
Acrostichum macrophyllum Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum macrophyllum
Acrostichum meridense Klotzsch (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum meridense
Acrostichum minutum Pohl ex Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum minutum
Acrostichum nicotianifolium Sw. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Bolbitis nicotianifolia
Acrostichum nigrescens Hook. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum nigrescens
Acrostichum nodosum L. (Marattiaceae) =Danaea nodosa
Acrostichum paleaceum Hook. & Grev. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum paleaceum
Acrostichum papillosum Baker (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum papillosum
Acrostichum piloselloides C. Presl (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum piloselloides
Acrostichum plumosum Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum plumosum
GU
DA
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
51
Acrostichum polypodioides L. (Polypodiaceae) =Polypodium polypodioides
Acrostichum portoricense Spreng. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Bolbitis portoricensis
Acrostichum pusillum Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum pusillum
Acrostichum raywaense Jenman (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum raywaense
Acrostichum reichenbachii Moritz ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum eximium
Acrostichum reptans Cav. (Polypodiaceae) =Microgramma reptans
Acrostichum rufum (L.) L. (Adiantaceae) =Hemionitis rufa
Acrostichum schomburgkii Fée (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum luridum
Acrostichum serratifolium Mert. ex Kaulf. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Bolbitis serratifolia
Acrostichum serrulatum Sw. (Grammitidaceae) =Cochlidium serrulatum
Acrostichum sporadolepis Kunze ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum sporadolepis
Acrostichum squamosum Sw. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum paleaceum
Acrostichum squarrosum Klotzsch (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum squarrosum
Acrostichum stenopteris Klotzsch (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum brachyneuron
Acrostichum tartareum Cav. (Adiantaceae) =Pityrogramma ebenea
Acrostichum tectum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum tectum
Acrostichum thalictroides L. (Parkeriaceae) =Ceratopteris thalictroides
Acrostichum tovarense Mett. ex Kuhn (Lomariopsidaceae) =Elaphoglossum tovarense
Acrostichum trifoliatum L. (Adiantaceae) =Pityrogramma trifoliata
Litobrochia podophylla (Sw.) C. Presl =Pteris podophylla
Litobrochia tripartita (Sw.) C. Presl =Pteris tripartita
Neurogramme elaphoglossoides (Baker) H. Christ (Adiantaceae) =Pterozonium elaphoglossoides
Ormopteris pinnata (Kaulf.) Lellinger (Adiantaceae) =Cassebeera pinnata
Pteris angustifolia Sw. (Vittariaceae) =Ananthacorus angustifolius
Pteris arachnoidea Kaulf. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Pteridium arachnoideum
Pteris aurea Poir. (Adiantaceae) =Cheilanthes bonariensis
Pteris caudata L. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Pteridium caudatum
Pteris concolor Langsd. & Fisch. (Adiantaceae) =Cheilanthes concolor
Pteris incisa Thunb. (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Histiopteris incisa
Pteris interrupta Willd. (Thelypteridaceae) =Thelypteris interrupta
Pteris kunzeana J. Agardh =Pteris altissima
Pteris lindeniana (Hook.) H. Christ (Dennstaedtiaceae) =Blotiella lindeniana
Pteris lineata L. (Vittariaceae) =Vittaria lineata
Pteris lucida Cav. (Adiantaceae) =Adiantum lucidum
Pteris palmata Willd. (Adiantaceae) =Doryopteris pedata var. palmata
Pteris pedata L. (Adiantaceae) =Doryopteris pedata
Pteris petiolulata R.M. Tryon =Pteris pearcei
Pteris sagittifolia Raddi (Adiantaceae) =Doryopteris sagittifolia
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. & D.B. Lellinger. 1995. Pteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
2: 250-286.
SALVINIACEAE
Azolla caroliniana Willd.
Azolla mexicana C. Presl
Azolla microphylla Kaulf.
Salvinia auriculata Aubl.
Salvinia radula Baker
AM
DA
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Salvinia laevigata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Hydrocharitaceae) =Limnobium laevigatum
Salvinia rotundifolia Willd. =Salvinia auriculata
REFERENCES
Reed, C.F. 1965a. Distribution of Salvinia and Azolla in South America and Africa in connection with studies for control by
insects. Phytologia 12(3): 121-130.
Reed, C.F. 1965b. Index Marsileata et Salviniata. Suppl. Bol. Soc. Brot. II, 39: 259-302.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Azollaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 22-23.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Salviniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 287-288.
Svenson, H.K. 1944. The New World species of Azolla. Amer. Fern J. 34: 69-84.
52
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SCHIZAEACEAE
Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook.
Actinostachys subtrijuga (Mart.) C. Presl
Anemia ayacuchensis Mickel
Anemia buniifolia (Gardner) T. Moore
Anemia collina Raddi
Anemia ferruginea Kunth
Anemia ferruginea var. ahenobarba (H. Christ) Mickel
Anemia ferruginea var. ferruginea
Anemia flexuosa (Sav.) Sw.
Anemia hirsuta (L.) Sw.
Anemia hirta (L.) Sw.
Anemia mandioccana Hook.
Anemia millefolia (Gardner) C. Presl
Anemia oblongifolia (Cav.) Sw.
Anemia pastinacaria Moritz ex Prantl
Anemia phyllitidis (L.) Sw.
Anemia porrecta Mickel
Schizaea elegans (Vahl) Sw.
Schizaea fluminensis Miers ex J.W. Sturm
Schizaea incurvata Schkuhr
Schizaea poeppigiana J.W. Sturm
Schizaea sprucei Hook.
Schizaea stricta Lellinger
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Actinostachys penicillata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Maxon =Actinostachys pennula
Anemia humilis (Cav.) Sw. =Anemia oblongifolia
Anemia villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. [not in flora area] =Anemia flexuosa
Coptophyllum buniifolium Gardner =Anemia buniifolia
Coptophyllum millefolium Gardner =Anemia millefolia
Lophidium elegans (Vahl) C. Presl =Schizaea elegans
Lophidium poeppigianum (J.W. Sturm) Underw. =Schizaea poeppigiana
Schizaea flabellum Mart. =Schizaea elegans
Schizaea pennula Sw. =Actinostachys pennula
Schizaea subtrijuga Mart. =Actinostachys subtrijuga
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1969. Schizaeaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 8. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 18(2): 1-290.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Schizaeaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 288-296.
TECTARIACEAE
Ctenitis falciculata (Raddi) Ching
Ctenitis paranaensis (C. Chr.) Lellinger
Ctenitis refulgens (Klotzsch ex Mett.) C. Chr. ex Vareschi
Cyclopeltis semicordata (Sw.) J. Sm.
Lastreopsis amplissima (C. Presl) Tindale
Lastreopsis effusa (Sw.) Tindale
Lastreopsis effusa subsp. divergens (Willd.) Tindale
Lastreopsis killipii (C. Chr. & Maxon) Tindale
Megalastrum crenulans (Fée) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran
Megalastrum subincisum (Willd.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran
Tectaria antioquioana (Baker) C. Chr.
Tectaria heracleifolia (Willd.) Underw.
Tectaria incisa Cav.
Tectaria lizarzaburui (Sodiro) C. Chr.
Tectaria plantaginea (Jacq.) Maxon
Tectaria plantaginea var. macrocarpa (Fée) C.V. Morton
Tectaria plantaginea var. plantaginea
Tectaria transiens (C.V. Morton) A.R. Sm.
Tectaria trifoliata (L.) Cav.
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tectaria trinitensis Maxon
Triplophyllum acutilobum Holttum
Triplophyllum angustifolium Holttum
Triplophyllum dicksonioides (Fée) Holttum
Triplophyllum funestum (Kunze) Holttum
53
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bathmium macrocarpon Fée =Tectaria plantaginea var. macrocarpa
Bathmium sinuatum Fée =Tectaria plantaginea var. macrocarpa
Ctenitis crenulans (Fée) Ching =Megalastrum crenulans
Ctenitis effusa (Sw.) Copel. =Lastreopsis effusa
Ctenitis funesta (Kunze) Vareschi =Triplophyllum funestum
Ctenitis protensa (Afzel. ex Sw.) Ching var. funesta (Kunze) Proctor =Triplophyllum funestum
Ctenitis subincisa (Willd.) Ching =Megalastrum subincisum
Lastreopsis effusa subsp. effusa [not in flora area]
Phegopteris refulgens Klotzsch ex Mett. =Ctenitis refulgens
Tectaria martinicensis (Spreng.) Copel. =Tectaria incisa
Triplophyllum crassifolium Holttum =Triplophyllum funestum
Triplophyllum crassifolium var. caudatum Holttum =Triplophyllum funestum
Triplophyllum funestum var. hirsutum Holttum =Triplophyllum funestum
REFERENCES
(Included in Dryopteridaceae in Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana and Flora of the Guianas)
Cremers, G., K.U. Kramer, R.C. Moran, & A.R. Smith. 1994. Dryopteridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas
(series B) 6: 3-65.
Holttum, R.E. 1986. Studies in the fern genera allied to Tectaria Cav. V. Triplophyllum, a new genus of Africa and America. Kew
Bull. 41: 237-260.
Smith, A.R., J.T. Mickel, & R.C. Moran. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 2: 73-128.
Tindale, M.D. 1965. A monograph of the genus Lastreopsis Ching. Contr. New South Wales Nat. Herb. 3: 249-339.
THELYPTERIDACEAE
Thelypteris abrupta (Desv.) Proctor
Thelypteris angustifolia (Willd.) Proctor
Thelypteris arborea (Brause) A.R. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris arborescens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris balbisii (Spreng.) Ching
Thelypteris binervata A.R. Sm.
Thelypteris biolleyi (H. Christ) Proctor
Thelypteris brachypoda (Baker) C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris chrysodioides (Fée) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris chrysodioides var. goyazensis (Maxon & C.V. Morton) C.V.
Morton
Thelypteris decussata (L.) Proctor
Thelypteris decussata var. decussata
Thelypteris deflexa (C. Presl) R.M. Tryon
Thelypteris demerarana (Baker) C.F. Reed [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris funckii (Mett.) Alston [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris gardneriana (Baker) C.F. Reed
Thelypteris gemmulifera (Hieron.) A.R. Sm.
Thelypteris germaniana (Fée) Proctor
Thelypteris glandulosa (Desv.) Proctor
Thelypteris glandulosa var. glandulosa
Thelypteris gonophora (Weath.) A.R. Sm.
Thelypteris hispidula (Decne.) C.F. Reed
Thelypteris hispidula var. hispidula
Thelypteris holodictya K.U. Kramer
Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats.
Thelypteris juruensis (C. Chr.) R.M. Tryon & D.S. Conant
Thelypteris kunthii (Desv.) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris leprieurii (Hook.) R.M. Tryon
Thelypteris leprieurii var. leprieurii
Thelypteris linkiana (C. Presl) R.M. Tryon [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris macrophylla (Kunze) C.V. Morton
BO
AM
AM
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
GU?
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
54
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Thelypteris nephrodioides (Klotzsch) Proctor
Thelypteris nesiotica (Maxon & C.V. Morton) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris oligocarpa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Ching
Thelypteris opposita (Vahl) Ching
Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulf.) Fosberg [naturalized]
Thelypteris pennata (Poir.) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris peradenia A.R. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris pilosissima C.V. Morton [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris poiteana (Bory) Proctor
Thelypteris pteroidea (Klotzsch) R.M. Tryon [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris x rolandii (C. Chr.) R.M. Tryon
Thelypteris roraimensis (Baker) C.F. Reed [Mt. Roraima]
Thelypteris rudis (Kunze) Proctor
Thelypteris salzmannii (Fée) C.V. Morton
Thelypteris schomburgkii A.R. Sm.
Thelypteris serrata (Cav.) Alston
Thelypteris tetragona (Sw.) Small
Thelypteris tristis (Kunze) R.M. Tryon
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Amauropelta deflexa (C. Presl) A. Löve & D. Löve =Thelypteris deflexa
Amauropelta diplazioides (Desv.) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris linkiana
Amauropelta oligocarpa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris oligocarpa
Amauropelta opposita (Vahl) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris opposita
Amauropelta rudis (Kunze) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris rudis
Amphineuron opulentum (Kaulf.) Holttum =Thelypteris opulenta
Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum =Thelypteris hispidula
Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link =Thelypteris interrupta
Glaphyropteris decussata (L.) Fée =Thelypteris decussata
Goniopteris biolleyi (H. Christ) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris biolleyi
Goniopteris juruensis (C. Chr.) Brade =Thelypteris juruensis
Goniopteris megalodus (Schkuhr) C. Presl =Thelypteris pennata
Goniopteris pennata (Poir.) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris pennata
Goniopteris poiteana (Bory) Ching =Thelypteris poiteana
Goniopteris pyramidata Fée =Thelypteris abrupta
Goniopteris subtetragona (Link) Vareschi =Thelypteris tetragona
Goniopteris tetragona (Sw.) C. Presl =Thelypteris tetragona
Goniopteris tristis (Kunze) Brade =Thelypteris tristis
Lastrea adiantiformis (G. Forst.) Vareschi (Davalliaceae) =Rumohra adiantiformis
Lastrea brachypoda (Baker) Vareschi =Thelypteris brachypoda
Lastrea coarctata (Kunze) T. Moore =Thelypteris opposita
Lastrea demerarana (Baker) Vareschi =Thelypteris demerarana
Lastrea denticulata (Sw.) T. Moore (Dryopteridaceae) =Arachniodes denticulata
Lastrea engelii (Hieron.) Vareschi [nomen nudum] =Thelypteris rudis
Lastrea lindigii (C. Chr.) Vareschi =Thelypteris deflexa
Lastrea linkiana (C. Presl) Copel. =Thelypteris linkiana
Lastrea nervosa (Klotzsch) Vareschi [comb. illeg.] =Thelypteris rudis
Lastrea oligocarpa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) T. Moore =Thelypteris oligocarpa
Lastrea opposita (Vahl) Gilli =Thelypteris opposita
Lastrea pilosissima (C.V. Morton) Vareschi =Thelypteris pilosissima
Lastrea poiteana Bory =Thelypteris poiteana
Lastrea roraimensis (Baker) Brade =Thelypteris roraimensis
Meniscium angustifolium Willd. =Thelypteris angustifolia
Meniscium arborescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Thelypteris arborescens
Meniscium chyrsodioides Fée =Thelypteris chrysodioides
Meniscium cristatum Desr. (Woodsiaceae) =Diplazium cristatum
Meniscium guyanense Fée =Thelypteris macrophylla
Meniscium macrophyllum Kunze =Thelypteris macrophylla
Meniscium serratum Cav. =Thelypteris serrata
Steiropteris gardneriana (Baker) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris gardneriana
Steiropteris glandulosa (Desv.) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris glandulosa
Steiropteris leprieurii (Hook.) Pic. Serm. =Thelypteris leprieurii
Thelypteris coarctata (Kunze) R.M. Tryon =Thelypteris opposita
Thelypteris connexa (Kuhn ex Baker) C.F. Reed [not in flora area, type erroneously cited from FG]
Thelypteris extensa (Blume) C.V. Morton =Thelypteris opulenta
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
55
Thelypteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Small =Thelypteris interrupta
Thelypteris guyanensis (Fée) C.V. Morton =Thelypteris macrophylla
Thelypteris hostmannii (Klotzsch) C.V. Morton =Thelypteris arborescens
Thelypteris lindigii (C. Chr.) Alston =Thelypteris deflexa
Thelypteris megalodus (Schkuhr) Proctor =Thelypteris pennata
Thelypteris mercurii (A. Braun ex Hieron.) C.F. Reed =Thelypteris balbisii
Thelypteris nervosa (Klotzsch) R.M. Tryon =Thelypteris rudis
Thelypteris quadrangularis (Fée) Schelpe =Thelypteris hispidula
Thelypteris sprengelii (Kaulf.) Proctor =Thelypteris balbisii
Thelypteris totta (Thunb.) Schelpe =Thelypteris interrupta
REFERENCES
Smith, A.R. 1994. Thelypteridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series B) 6: 77-115.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Thelypteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 315-326.
VITTARIACEAE
Ananthacorus angustifolius (Sw.) Underw. & Maxon
Anetium citrifolium (L.) Splitg.
Antrophyum cajenense (Desv.) Spreng.
Antrophyum guayanense Hieron.
Antrophyum jenmanii Benedict
Antrophyum lanceolatum (L.) Kaulf.
Antrophyum lineatum (Sw.) Kaulf.
Antrophyum ophioglossoides Lellinger
Hecistopteris kaieteurensis Kelloff & G.S. McKee
Hecistopteris pumila (Spreng.) J. Sm.
Vittaria gardneriana Fée
Vittaria graminifolia Kaulf.
Vittaria lineata (L.) Sm.
Vittaria moritziana Mett.
Vittaria remota Fée
Vittaria stipitata Kunze
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Gymnogramme pumila Spreng. =Hecistopteris pumila
Polytaenium brasilianum (Desv.) Benedict [records due to misidentification fide Lellinger]
Polytaenium cajenense (Desv.) Benedict =Antrophyum cajenense
Polytaenium guayanense (Hieron.) Alston =Antrophyum guayanense
Polytaenium lineatum (Sw.) J. Sm. =Antrophyum lineatum
Pteridanetium citrifolium (L.) Copel. =Anetium citrifolium
Vittaria angustifolia (Sw.) Baker =Ananthacorus angustifolius
Vittaria costata Kunze =Ananthacorus angustifolius
Vittaria filifolia Fée =Vittaria graminifolia
REFERENCES
Lellinger, D.B. 1972. Polypodiaceae subfam. Vittarioideae. In B. Maguire & colaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part
9. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 1-832.
Smith, A.R. 1995. Vittariaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 327-334.
WOODSIACEAE
Diplazium celtidifolium Kunze
Diplazium centripetale (Baker) Maxon [Mt. Roraima]
Diplazium cristatum (Desr.) Alston
Diplazium expansum Willd.
Diplazium gracilescens (Mett.) C. Chr.
Diplazium grandifolium (Sw.) Sw.
Diplazium hians Kunze ex Klotzsch
Diplazium lechleri (Mett.) T. Moore
Diplazium plantaginifolium (L.) Urb.
Diplazium radicans Desv.
Diplazium riedelianum Kunze
Diplazium roraimense Cremers & K.U. Kramer [Mt. Roraima]
Diplazium striatum (L.) C. Presl
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU
BO
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
56
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Diplazium tabalosense Hieron.
Diplazium wilsonii (Baker) Diels
Hemidictyum marginatum (L.) C. Presl
AM
BO
AM
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Diplazium arboreum (Willd.) C. Presl =Diplazium cristatum
Diplazium callipteris Fée =Diplazium celtidifolium
Diplazium delitescens Maxon (Aspleniaceae) =Asplenium delitescens
Diplazium shepherdii (Spreng.) Link =Diplazium cristatum
REFERENCES
(Included in Dryopteridaceae in Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana and in Flora of the Guyanas)
Cremers, G., K.U. Kramer, R.C. Moran, & A.R. Smith. 1994. Dryopteridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas
(series B) 6: 3-65.
Smith, A.R., J.T. Mickel, & R.C. Moran. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 2: 73-128.
GYMNOSPERMS
D.J. de Laubenfels, D.W. Stevenson
CONIFEROPHYTA
PINACEAE
GU
Pinus caribaea Morelet [cultivated, naturalized]
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Stevenson, D. & T. Zanoni. 1991. Pinaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 9: 19-22.
PODOCARPACEAE
Podocarpus acuminatus de Laub.
Podocarpus aracensis de Laub. & Silba
Podocarpus brasiliensis de Laub. [expected in GU]
Podocarpus buchholzii de Laub. [expected in GU]
Podocarpus celatus de Laub.
Podocarpus magnifolius J. Buchholz & N.E. Gray [expected in GU]
Podocarpus roraimae Pilg. [Mt. Roraima]
Podocarpus steyermarkii J. Buchholz & N.E. Gray
Podocarpus tepuiensis J. Buchholz & N.E. Gray
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
REFERENCES
Laubenfels, D.J. de. 1982. Podocarpaceae. In Flora de Venezuela 11(2): 7-41.
Laubenfels, D.J. de. 1985. A taxonomic revision of the genus Podocarpus. Blumea 30: 251-278.
Laubenfels, D.J. de. 2004. Podocarpaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 8: 297-300.
Stevenson, D. 1991. Podocarpaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 9: 23-30.
CYCADOPHYTA
CYCADACEAE
Cycas spp. [species of this Old World family are widely cultivated]
REFERENCES
Stevenson, D.W. 1991. Cycadaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 9: 3-7.
ZAMIACEAE
Zamia amazonum D.W. Stev.
Zamia lecointei Ducke [expected in the Guianas]
Zamia muricata Willd. [expected in the Guianas]
Zamia ulei Dammer [expected in the Guianas]
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Zamia jirijirmensis R.E. Schult. =Zamia lecointei
Zamia obidensis Ducke =Zamia lecointei
Zamia ulei subsp. lecointei (Ducke) Ducke =Zamia lecointei
BO
BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
57
REFERENCES
Jones, D.L. 1993. Cycads of the World. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Sabato, S. 1990. West Indian and South American Cycads. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 173-185.
Stevenson, D. 1991. Zamiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 9: 7-11.
GNETOPHYTA
GNETACEAE
Gnetum camporum (Markgr.) D.W. Stev. & T. Zanoni
Gnetum leyboldii Tul.
Gnetum nodiflorum Brongn.
Gnetum paniculatum Spruce ex Benth.
Gnetum schwackeanum Taub. ex Markgr.
Gnetum urens (Aubl.) Blume
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Gnetum amazonicum Tul. =Gnetum nodiflorum
Gnetum cruzianum Gleason =Gnetum nodiflorum
Gnetum leyboldii var. woodsonianum Markgr. =Gnetum urens
Gnetum melinonii Benoist =Gnetum urens
Gnetum microstachyum Benth. ex Tul. =Gnetum paniculatum
Gnetum oblongifolium Huber =Gnetum nodiflorum
Gnetum paraense Huber =Gnetum leyboldii
Gnetum thoa Brongn. [nom. illeg.] =Gnetum urens
Gnetum urens var. camporum Markgr. =Gnetum camporum
Thoa urens Aubl. =Gnetum urens
REFERENCES
Markgraf, F. 1965. New discoveries of Gnetum in tropical America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 379-386.
Stevenson, D.W. 1997. Gnetaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 162
Stevenson, D.W. 1999. Gnetaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
5: 573-576.
Stevenson, D. & T. Zanoni. 1991. Gnetaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 9: 12-18.
INCERTAE SEDIS
Aubletella macoucou (Aubl.) Pierre [excluded from Sapotaceae.
Chrysophyllum macoucou Aubl.?]
Macahanea guianensis Aubl. [excluded from Hippocrateaceae. Salacia
guianensis (Aubl.) Lemée?]
Managa guianensis Aubl. [excluded from Hippocrateaceae]
Sarcaulus melinonianum Pierre [name of unknown origin, placed by Lemée in
Myrsinaceae]
Senapea guianensis Aubl. [excluded from Passifloraceae]
Tampoa guianensis Aubl. [excluded from Hippocrateaceae]
Vouapa simira Aubl. [excluded from Leguminosae-Caesalp. Macrolobium
simira (Aubl.) J.F. Gmelin?]
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
ANTHOPHYTA
GENERAL REFERENCES
Cremers, G. 1985. Espèces nouvelles de Guyane française: richesse de l’herbier de Cayenne (CAY). Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad.
Wet. ser. C, 88(1): 15-37.
Cremers, G., C. Feuillet, J.J. de Granville, & M. Hoff. 1988. Liste des espèces de Phanérogames et de Ptéridophytes de Guyane
française d’après l’Herbier du Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne. ORSTOM, Cayenne.
Cremers, G., J.J. de Granville, & M. Hoff. 1994. Les plantes “endémiques” de Guyane française. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Coll.
Patr. Nat. (Sér. Patr. Génétique) 18: 1-50.
Cremers, G. & M. Hoff. 1994. Inventaire taxonomique des plantes de la Guyane française. IV - Les Monocotylédones. Mus.
Nat. Hist. Nat., Coll. Patr. Nat. (Sér. Patr. Génétique) 17: 1-252.
DeFilipps, R.A. 1992. Ornamental Garden plants of the Guianas: An Historical Perspective of Selected Garden Plants from
Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana. 363 pp. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.
Fanshawe, D.B. 1952. The vegetation of British Guiana: A preliminary review. Imperial Forestry Institute paper no. 29: 1-96.
58
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Funk, V.A. & C.L. Kelloff. 1991. A Preliminary Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Kaieteur Falls National Park
Guyana. Unpublished manuscript. Biological Diversity of the Guianas program, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
Gleason, H.A. 1929. Studies on the flora of northern South America - XIII. The Tate collection from Mount Roraima and
vicinity. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 56(8): 391-408.
Graham, E.H. 1934. Flora of the Kartabo Region, British Guiana. Reprinted from Ann. Carn. Mus. 22(1) (1933).
Howard, R.A. 1983. The plates of Aublet’s Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Françoise. J. Arn. Arb. 64: 255-292.
Humboldt, A. von, A. Bonpland, and K.S. Kunth. 1815–1825. Nova Genera et Species Plantarum. 7 volumes. Paris: Sumtibus
Librariae Graeco-Latino-Germanicae
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & B.J.H. ter Welle. 1989. Botanical explorations in Guyana, 1985. Annex: identifications. Institute of
Systematic Botany, Utrecht.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & B.J.H. ter Welle. 1990. Botanical explorations in the northern part of the western Kanuku Mountains
(Guyana). Annex: identifications. Institute of Systematic Botany, Utrecht.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & B.J.H. ter Welle. 1992. Botanical exploration in the Wai-Wai area of southern Guyana. Annex:
identifications. Herbarium Division, Department of Plant Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht.
Judd, W.S., C.S. Campbell, E.A. Kellogg, P.F. Stevens, and M.J. Donoghue. 2002. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.
Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, MA.
Lemée, A. 1953-1956. Flore de la Guyane Française. Lechevalier, Paris.
Lindeman, J.C. 1953. The Vegetation of the Coastal Region of Suriname. Drukkerij en Uitg.-Mij. v/h Kemink, Utrecht.
Maas, P.J.M. & L.Y.Th. Westra. 1990. Botanical exploration in the northern part of the Rupununi Savanna and in the Mabura Hill
area (Guyana). Appendix: identifications. Institute of Systematic Botany, Utrecht.
Maguire, B. & collaborators. 1948. Plant explorations in Guiana in 1944, chiefly to the Tafelberg and the Kaieteur Plateau. Bull.
Torrey Bot. Club 75: 56-115, 189-230, 286-323, 374-438, 523-580, 633-671.
Mennega, E.A., W.C.M. Tammens-de Rooij, & M.J. Jansen-Jacobs. 1988. Check-List of Woody Plants of Guyana. The Tropenbos
Foundation, Ede, The Netherlands.
Mori, S.A. & collaborators. 1987. The Lecythidaceae of a lowland neotropical forest: La Fumée Mountain, French Guiana.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 44: 1-190.
Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular
plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2). 776 pp.
Omawale. 1973. Guyana’s Edible Plants. University of Guyana.
Plotkin, M.J., B.M. Boom, & M. Allison. 1991. The ethnobotany of Aublet’s Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Françoise
(1775). Monogr. Syst. Bot. 35: 1-108.
Polak, A.M. 1992. Major Timber Trees of Guyana, a Field Guide. The Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen.
Pulle, A. 1906. An Enumeration of the Vascular Plants Known from Surinam, Together with their Distribution and Synonymy.
E.J. Brill, Ltd., London.
Roosmalen, M.G.M. van. 1985. Fruits of the Guianan Flora. Institute of Systematic Botany, Utrecht University, Utrecht;
Silvicultural Department of Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen.
Smith, N., S.A. Mori, A. Henderson, D.W. Stevenson, & S.V. Heald. Flowering Plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University
Press, Princeton. 616 pp.
Steege, H. ter, M.J. Jansen-Jacobs, & M. Polak. 1993. Checklist of plants collected around Mabura Hill, Guyana. The Tropenbos
Foundation, Wageningen and Department of Plant Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Utrecht University.
Steyermark, J.A., P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst. 1995-2005. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Missouri Botanical Garden, St.
Louis, & Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
MONOCOTYLEDONEA
AGAVACEAE
P.E. Berry
Furcraea cabuya Trel.
Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw.
BO
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Cordyline micrantha Baker (Bromeliaceae) =Brocchinia micrantha
Furcraea gigantea Vent. =Furcraea foetida
REFERENCES
Berry, P.E. 1995. Agavaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 374–375.
Bogler, D.J. and B.B. Simpson. 1995. A chloroplast DNA study of the Agavaceae. Syst. Bot. 20 (2): 191-205.
Bos, J.J. 1984. Dracaena in West Africa. 126 pp. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Agricultural University Wageningen.
Boterenbrood, M.J.A. 1943. Amaryllidaceae. In: Pulle, A., Flora of Suriname 1 (1): 443-454.
Chahinian, B.J. 1986. The Sansevieria trifasciata varieties. 109 pp. Reseda, California: Trans Terra Publishing.
Fosberg, F.R. 1985. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) Chevalier (Agavaceae). Baileya 22 (4): 180-181.
Gentry, H.S. 1982. Agaves of Continental North America. 670 pp. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press.
Grenand, P., Moretti, C. and H. Jacquemin. 1987. Pharmacopées Traditionnelles en Guyane: Créoles, Palikur, Wayapi. 569 pp.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
59
Paris: ORSTOM.
Howard, R.A. 1979. Agavaceae. Flora of the Lesser Antilles 3: 485-504.
Morgenstern, K.D. 1979. Sansevierias. 112 pp. Kempten, Germany: Illertaler Offsetdruck.
Ostendorf, F.W. 1962. Nuttige Planten en Sierplanten in Suriname. 325 pp. Landbouwproefstation in Suriname Bulletin No. 79.
SECAB. 1989. Agave americana. Especies Vegetales Promisorias 1: 9-37.
ALISMATACEAE
R.R. Haynes, L.B. Holm-Nielsen
Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett
Echinodorus bolivianus (Rusby) Holm-Niels.
Echinodorus grisebachii Small
Echinodorus horizontalis Rataj
Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli
Echinodorus macrophyllus subsp. macrophyllus
Echinodorus macrophyllus subsp. scaber (Rataj) Haynes & Holm-Niels.
Echinodorus paniculatus Micheli
Echinodorus reticulatus Haynes & Holm-Niels.
Echinodorus subalatus (Mart.) Griseb.
Echinodorus subalatus subsp. andrieuxii (Hook. & Arn.) Haynes & HolmNiels.
Echinodorus subalatus subsp. subalatus
Echinodorus tenellus (Mart.) Buchenau
Sagittaria guayanensis Kunth
Sagittaria guayanensis subsp. guayanensis
Sagittaria lancifolia L.
Sagittaria lancifolia subsp. lancifolia
Sagittaria rhombifolia Cham.
Sagittaria sprucei Micheli
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG?
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG?
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
DA
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alisma boliviana Rusby =Echinodorus bolivianus
Alisma tenellum Mart. =Echinodorus tenellus
Alisma tenellum f. latifolia Seub. =Echinodorus bolivianus
Echinodorus andrieuxii (Hook. & Arn.) Small =Echinodorus subalatus subsp. andrieuxii
Echinodorus gracilis Rataj =Echinodorus grisebachii
Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli [not in flora area]
Echinodorus guianensis (Kunth) Griseb. =Sagittaria guayanensis
Echinodorus intermedius Griseb. [=E. grisebachii, fide Lindeman]
Echinodorus latifolius (Seub.) Rataj =Echinodorus bolivianus
Echinodorus scaber Rataj =Echinodorus macrophyllus subsp. scaber
Lophotocarpus guayanensis (Kunth) J.G. Sm. =Sagittaria guayanensis
Sagittaria pugioniformis L. =Sagittaria lancifolia
REFERENCES
Bogin, C. 1955. Revision of the genus Sagittaria. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 9: 179-233.
Fassett, N.C. 1955. Echinodorus in the American tropics. Rhodora 57: 133-212.
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 1986. Notes on Echinodorus. Brittonia 38: 325-332.
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 1994. Alismataceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 64: 1-112.
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 1995. Alismataceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 2: 377-383.
Jonker, F.P. 1943. Alismataceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 472-482.
Jonker, F.P. 1968. Alismataceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 378-379.
Rataj, K. 1972. Revision of the genus Sagittaria. Part II. Annot. Zool. Bot. Bratislava 78: 1-61.
Rataj, K. 1975. Revizion (sic) of the genus Echinodorus Rich. Studie CSAV (Praha) 2: 1-156.
ARACEAE
G.S. Bunting, T. Croat, D. Nicolson
Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) G. Don [cultivated, escaped]
Anaphyllopsis americana (Engl.) A. Hay
Anaphyllopsis pinnata A. Hay
Anthurium acrobates Sodiro
Anthurium apaporanum R.E. Schult.
Anthurium atropurpureum R.E. Schult. & Maguire
SU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM?
FG
60
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Anthurium bakeri Hook. f.
Anthurium bonplandii G.S. Bunting
Anthurium bonplandii subsp. bonplandii
Anthurium bonplandii subsp. guayanum (G.S. Bunting) Croat
Anthurium bonplandii subsp. rionegrense G.S. Bunting
Anthurium cataniapoense Croat
Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.
Anthurium corocoroense G.S. Bunting
Anthurium cowanii Croat
Anthurium cremersii Croat, sp. nov. ined.
Anthurium digitatum (Jacq.) G. Don
Anthurium eminens Schott
Anthurium expansum Gleason
Anthurium friedrichsthalii Schott
Anthurium glaucophyllum Gleason
Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott
Anthurium guaiquinimae G.S. Bunting
Anthurium guanchezii G.S. Bunting
Anthurium guayanum G.S. Bunting
Anthurium hookeri Kunth
Anthurium iramirezae G.S. Bunting
Anthurium jenmanii Engl.
Anthurium kunthii Poepp.
Anthurium lanjouwii A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Anthurium maguirei A.D. Hawkes
Anthurium martianum K. Koch & Kolb
Anthurium moonenii Croat & E.G.Gonç.
Anthurium nymphaeifolium K. Koch & Bouché
Anthurium obtusum (Engl.) Grayum
Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don
Anthurium ptarianum Steyerm.
Anthurium roraimense N.E. Br.
Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don
Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl.
Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex Schott
Anthurium subscriptum G.S. Bunting
Anthurium tatei G.S. Bunting
Anthurium thrinax Madison
Anthurium triphyllum Brongn. ex Schott
Anthurium vinillense G.S. Bunting
Anthurium wurdackii G.S. Bunting
Anthurium xanthoneurum G.S. Bunting
Anthurium yutajense G.S. Bunting
Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.
Caladium humboldtii Schott [cultivated in Guyana]
Caladium macrotites Schott
Caladium picturatum K. Koch & Bouché [=Caladium bicolor?]
Caladium schomburgkii Schott
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott [cultivated, naturalized]
Cyrtosperma spruceanum (Schott) Engl.
Dieffenbachia duidae (Steyerm.) G.S. Bunting
Dieffenbachia elegans A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Dieffenbachia humilis Poepp.
Dieffenbachia jenmanii Veitch ex Regel
Dieffenbachia paludicola N.E. Br. ex Gleason
Dieffenbachia parvifolia Engl.
Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott
Dieffenbachia seguine var. lingulata (Mart. ex Schott) Engl.
Dieffenbachia seguine var. seguine
Dieffenbachia seguine var. venteniana (Schott) Engl.
Dieffenbachia seguine var. viridis Engl.
Dieffenbachia sp. nov. 1
Dieffenbachia sp. nov. 2
Dracontium asperum K. Koch [expected in GU]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU?
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
DA
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
GU
GU
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dracontium dubium Kunth
Dracontium foecundum Hook. f.
Dracontium polyphyllum L.
Heteropsis flexuosa (Kunth) G.S. Bunting
Heteropsis flexuosa var. flexuosa
Heteropsis flexuosa var. maguirei G.S. Bunting
Heteropsis longispathacea Engl.
Heteropsis melinonii (Engl.) A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Heteropsis oblongata (Kunth) Croat, comb. nov. ined.
Heteropsis spruceana Schott
Heteropsis spruceana var. robusta G.S. Bunting
Heteropsis spruceana var. spruceana
Heteropsis steyermarkii G.S. Bunting
Heteropsis tenuispadix G.S. Bunting
Homalomena picturata (Linden & André) Regel [cultivated only?]
Jasarum steyermarkii G.S. Bunting
Monstera adansonii Schott
Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana (Schott) Madison
Monstera adansonii var. laniata (Schott) Madison
Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause
Monstera gracilis Engl.
Monstera lechleriana Schott
Monstera obliqua Miq.
Monstera spruceana (Schott) Engl.
Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott
Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott
Philodendron acutatum Schott
Philodendron anaadu G.S. Bunting
Philodendron asplundii Croat
Philodendron atabapoense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron auyantepuiense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron barrosoanum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron billietiae Croat
Philodendron bipennifolium Schott [expected in GU]
Philodendron brevispathum Schott
Philodendron brevispathum subsp. holmquistii (G.S. Bunting) G.S. Bunting
Philodendron callosum K. Krause
Philodendron callosum subsp. callosum
Philodendron callosum subsp. ptarianum (Steyerm.) G.S. Bunting
Philodendron camposportoanum G.M. Barroso
Philodendron canaimae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron cataniapoense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron chimantae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron conforme G.S. Bunting
Philodendron cremersii Croat & Grayum
Philodendron deflexum Poepp. ex Schott
Philodendron delascioi G.S. Bunting
Philodendron dioscoreoides Gleason
Philodendron duckei Croat & Grayum
Philodendron dunstervilleorum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron dyscarpium R.E. Schult.
Philodendron dyscarpium var. dyscarpium
Philodendron dyscarpium var. ventuarianum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron ecordatum Schott
Philodendron englerianum Steyerm.
Philodendron englerianum subsp. duidae (Steyerm.) G.S. Bunting
Philodendron englerianum subsp. englerianum
Philodendron exile G.S. Bunting
Philodendron fendleri K. Krause
Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don
Philodendron goeldii G.M. Barroso
Philodendron grandifolium (Jacq.) Schott
Philodendron guaiquinimae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron guianense Croat & Grayum
AM
AM
AM
AM
61
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM?
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA?
DA
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
FG?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
GU
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
DA
AM
AM
BO
GU
DA
BO
62
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Philodendron guttiferum Kunth
Philodendron hederaceum (Jacq.) Schott [expected in GU]
Philodendron holstii G.S. Bunting
Philodendron houlletianum Engl.
Philodendron hylaeae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron inaequilaterum Liebm.
Philodendron inaequilaterum subsp. anthoblastum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron insigne Schott
Philodendron jonkerianum Croat
Philodendron krauseanum Steyerm. [possibly not distinct from P. platypodum
Gleason]
Philodendron lemae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron liesneri G.S. Bunting
Philodendron linnaei Kunth
Philodendron linnaei var. linnaei
Philodendron linnaei var. rionegrense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron macropodum K. Krause
Philodendron maguirei G.S. Bunting
Philodendron marahuacae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron maroae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron mawarinumae G.S. Bunting
Philodendron melinonii Brongn. ex Regel
Philodendron multinerve G.S. Bunting
Philodendron muricatum Willd. ex Schott
Philodendron nebulense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron ornatum Schott
Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth
Philodendron panduriforme var. panduriforme
Philodendron panduriforme var. reichenbachianum (Schott) Croat
Philodendron pedatum (Hook.) Kunth
Philodendron peperomioides G.S. Bunting
Philodendron peraiense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron phlebodes G.S. Bunting
Philodendron phlebodes var. kermesinum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron phlebodes var. phlebodes
Philodendron pimichinense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron placidum Schott
Philodendron platypodum Gleason
Philodendron quercifolium Engl.
Philodendron remifolium R.E. Schult.
Philodendron remifolium subsp. sabulosum (G.S. Bunting) G.S. Bunting
Philodendron roraimae K. Krause
Philodendron roraimae subsp. aracamuniense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron roraimae subsp. roraimae
Philodendron rudgeanum Schott
Philodendron samayense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron scandens K. Koch & Sello
Philodendron scitulum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron simsii Sweet
Philodendron simulans G.S. Bunting
Philodendron solimoesense A.C. Sm.
Philodendron sphalerum Schott
Philodendron splitgerberi Schott
Philodendron spruceanum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron squamiferum Poepp.
Philodendron steyermarkii G.S. Bunting
Philodendron subsessile Gleason
Philodendron surinamense (Miq.) Engl.
Philodendron tatei K. Krause
Philodendron tatei subsp. melanochlorum (G.S. Bunting) G.S. Bunting
Philodendron tatei subsp. tatei
Philodendron triplum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron venezuelense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron venustum G.S. Bunting
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
AM
SU
FG?
FG?
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
DA
GU
SU
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
FG?
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Philodendron vinaceum G.S. Bunting
Philodendron werkhoveniae Croat
Philodendron wittianum Engl.
Philodendron wurdackii G.S. Bunting
Philodendron yavitense G.S. Bunting
Philodendron yutajense G.S. Bunting
Pistia stratiotes L.
Rhodospatha bolivarana G.S. Bunting
Rhodospatha brachypoda G.S. Bunting
Rhodospatha cardonae G.S. Bunting
Rhodospatha latifolia Poepp.
Rhodospatha oblongata Poepp.
Rhodospatha venosa Gleason
Schismatoglottis americana A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Schismatoglottis bolivarana G.S. Bunting & Steyerm.
Schismatoglottis spruceana (Schott) G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum bariense G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum cannifolium (Dryand. ex Sims) Schott
Spathiphyllum cuspidatum Schott
Spathiphyllum humboldtii Schott
Spathiphyllum jejunum G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum maguirei G.S. Bunting [=Spathiphyllum cuspidatum fide Croat]
Spathiphyllum mawarinumae G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum monachinoi G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum monachinoi var. monachinoi
Spathiphyllum monachinoi var. perangustum G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum neblinae G.S. Bunting
Spathiphyllum schomburgkii Schott
Stenospermation ammiticum G.S. Bunting
Stenospermation amomifolium (Poepp.) Schott
Stenospermation maguirei A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Stenospermation multiovulatum (Engl.) N.E. Br.
Stenospermation nebulense G.S. Bunting
Stenospermation spruceanum Schott
Stenospermation ulei K. Krause
Syngonium hastifolium Engl.
Syngonium podophyllum Schott
Syngonium podophyllum var. vellozianum (Schott) Croat
Typhonium blumei Nicolson & Sivad. [naturalized]
Urospatha angustiloba Engl.
Urospatha sagittifolia (Rudge) Schott
Urospatha sagittifolia var. sagittifolia
Urospathella wurdackii (G.S. Bunting) G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma acutum E.G. Gonç.
Xanthosoma akkermansii (G.S. Bunting) Croat
Xanthosoma belophyllum (Willd.) Schott [cultivated?]
Xanthosoma bolivaranum G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma caracu K. Koch & Bouché [cultivated?]
Xanthosoma caulotuberculatum G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma conspurcatum Schott
Xanthosoma contractum G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma cordatum N.E. Br.
Xanthosoma exiguum G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma granvillei Croat & S.A. Thomps.
Xanthosoma helleborifolium (Jacq.) Schott
Xanthosoma mafaffoides G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma maroae G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma orinocense G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott [widely cultivated]
Xanthosoma striatipes (K. Koch & Bouché) Madison
Xanthosoma striolatum Mart. ex Schott
Xanthosoma trilobum G.S. Bunting
Xanthosoma undipes (K. Koch & C.D. Bouché) K. Koch
Xanthosoma violaceum Schott [widely cultivated]
63
BO
SU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG?
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
DA
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
GU
SU
FG
BO
SU?
BO
AM
GU
SU
FG
BO
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
FG
SU
DA
AM
AM
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU?
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
64
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alocasia undipes K. Koch & C.D. Bouché =Xanthosoma undipes
Anthurium amoenum Kunth [not in flora area]
Anthurium andersonii Schott [not in flora area]
Anthurium angelorum G.S. Bunting =Anthurium bakeri
Anthurium bonplandii subsp. cuatrecasii Croat =Anthurium bonplandii subsp. bonplandii
Anthurium cordatum G. Don [not in flora area]
Anthurium crassinervium (Jacq.) Schott [not in flora area]
Anthurium duidae Steyerm. =Anthurium ptarianum
Anthurium englerianum G.S. Bunting =Anthurium jenmanii
Anthurium galeottii (Hort.) K. Koch [not in flora area]
Anthurium huegelii Schott =Anthurium hookeri
Anthurium idroboanum R.E. Schult. =Anthurium ptarianum
Anthurium igarapeum G.S. Bunting =Anthurium acrobates
Anthurium krauseanum Steyerm. =Anthurium ptarianum
Anthurium liesneri Croat =Anthurium tatei
Anthurium martini Schott =Anthurium sinuatum
Anthurium monsteroides Steyerm. =Anthurium clavigerum
Anthurium neblinae G.S. Bunting =Anthurium triphyllum
Anthurium nigrescens Engl. [not in flora area]
Anthurium obovatum Gleason =Anthurium clavigerum
Anthurium panduratum Mart. ex Schott =Anthurium clavigerum
Anthurium pentaphyllum var. digitatum (Jacq.) Madison =Anthurium digitatum
Anthurium polyrrhizum K. Koch & Augustin =Anthurium rubrinervium
Anthurium potarense Gleason =Anthurium expansum
Anthurium salvinii Hemsl. [not in flora area]
Anthurium scandens var. trinerve (Miq.) Matuda =Anthurium obtusum
Anthurium scolopendrinum (Ham.) Kunth =Anthurium gracile
Anthurium solitarium Schott [not in flora area]
Anthurium stahelii A.D. Hawkes =Philodendron deflexum
Anthurium steyermarkii G.S. Bunting =Anthurium ptarianum
Anthurium surinamense Miq. =Philodendron surinamense
Anthurium trinerve Miq. [nom. illeg.] =Anthurium obtusum
Anthurium trinervium var. obtusum Engl. =Anthurium obtusum
Arum arborescens L. =Montrichardia arborescens
Arum bicolor Aiton =Caladium bicolor
Arum esculentum L. =Colocasia esculenta
Arum grandifolium Jacq. =Philodendron grandifolium
Arum hederaceum Jacq. =Philodendron hederaceum
Arum helleborifolium Jacq. =Xanthosoma helleborifolium
Arum liniferum Arruda =Montrichardia linifera
Arum sagittaefolium L. =Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Arum sagittaefolium Rodschied =Urospatha sagittifolia
Arum seguine Jacq. =Dieffenbachia seguine
Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq. =Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Caladium aculeatum G. Mey. =Montrichardia arborescens
Caladium akkermansii G.S. Bunting =Xanthosoma akkermansii
Caladium angustifolium Engl. =Xanthosoma striatipes
Caladium angustilobum Engl. =Caladium macrotites
Caladium argyrites Lem. =Caladium humboldtii
Caladium aturense G.S. Bunting =Caladium picturatum
Caladium belleyenei hort. Chantin ex Lem. =Caladium picturatum
Caladium fragrantissimum Hook. =Philodendron fragrantissimum
Caladium maculatum Lodd. =Dieffenbachia seguine
Caladium pedatum Hook. =Philodendron pedatum
Caladium striatipes (Kunth & Bouché) Schott =Xanthosoma striatipes
Colocasia antiquorum Schott =Colocasia esculenta
Cyrtosperma americanum Engl. =Anaphyllopsis americana
Cyrtosperma wurdackii G.S. Bunting =Urospathella wurdackii
Dieffenbachia bolivarana G.S. Bunting =Dieffenbachia duidae
Dieffenbachia liesneri Croat =Dieffenbachia duidae
Dieffenbachia longipistila Croat =Dieffenbachia paludicola
Dieffenbachia maculata (Lodd.) G. Don =Dieffenbachia seguine
Dieffenbachia picta Schott =Dieffenbachia seguine
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dieffenbachia spruceana Schott =Dieffenbachia humilis
Dracontium bissectum Vell. (Cyclanthaceae) =Thoracocarpus bissectus
Dracontium changuango G.S. Bunting =Dracontium dubium
Dracontium laciniatum Vell. =Philodendron pedatum
Dracontium pentaphyllum Aubl. =Anthurium pentaphyllum
Dracontium pertusum L. =Monstera adansonii
Dracontium scandens Aubl. =Anthurium scandens
Dracontium spruceanum (Schott) G.H. Zhu =Cyrtosperma spruceanum
Elopium surinamense (Miq.) Schott =Philodendron surinamense
Heteropsis jenmanii Oliv. =Heteropsis flexuosa
Heteropsis salicifolia Kunth [not in flora area]
Maguirea spathicarpoides A.D. Hawkes =Dieffenbachia paludicola
Monstera acreana K. Krause =Monstera dubia
Monstera amomifolia Poepp. =Stenospermation amomifolium
Monstera cannifolia Schott =Philodendron rudgeanum
Monstera egregia Schott =Monstera lechleriana
Monstera epipremnoides Engl. [not in flora area]
Monstera expilata Schott =Monstera obliqua
Monstera falcifolia Engl. =Monstera obliqua
Monstera fendleri Engl. =Monstera obliqua
Monstera henri-pittieri G.S. Bunting =Monstera lechleriana
Monstera irritans N.W. Simmonds =Monstera dubia
Monstera klotzschiana Schott =Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana
Monstera maxima Engl. & K. Krause =Monstera lechleriana
Monstera milleriana Schott =Monstera adansonii
Monstera pertusa (L.) de Vriese =Monstera adansonii
Monstera sagotiana Engl. =Monstera obliqua
Monstera steyermarkii G.S. Bunting =Monstera spruceana
Monstera xanthospatha Madison [not in flora area]
Montrichardia arborescens var. aculeata (G. Mey.) Engl. =Montrichardia arborescens
Philodendron amplectens A.C. Sm. =Philodendron muricatum
Philodendron asperatum (K. Koch) K. Koch =Philodendron ornatum
Philodendron brevispathum var. wurdackii Croat =Philodendron brevispathum subsp. holmquistii
Philodendron broadwayi N.E. Br. [not in flora area] =Philodendron venosum (Willd.) Croat
Philodendron calophyllum Brongn. ex Linden & André =Philodendron insigne
Philodendron cannifolium (Schott) Engl. =Philodendron rudgeanum
Philodendron cuspidatum K. Koch & Bouché =Philodendron scandens
Philodendron cyclops A.D. Hawkes =Philodendron acutatum
Philodendron decurrens K. Krause =Philodendron linnaei
Philodendron demerarae Gleason =Philodendron fragrantissimum
Philodendron deviatum Schott =Philodendron hederaceum
Philodendron duidae Steyerm. =Philodendron englerianum subsp. duidae
Philodendron grandipes K. Krause [not in flora area]
Philodendron guttiferum var. rudgeanum (Schott) A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker =Philodendron rudgeanum
Philodendron haematinum R.E. Schult. =Philodendron insigne
Philodendron hederaceum auct. non (Jacq.) Schott =Philodendron scandens
Philodendron hoffmannii Schott =Philodendron hederaceum
Philodendron holmquistii G.S. Bunting =Philodendron brevispathum subsp. holmquistii
Philodendron jacquinii Schott =Philodendron hederaceum
Philodendron jenmanii K. Krause =Philodendron muricatum
Philodendron laciniatum (Vell.) Engl. =Philodendron pedatum
Philodendron latilobum Schott =Philodendron panduriforme
Philodendron levelii G.S. Bunting =Philodendron barrosoanum
Philodendron longipetiolatum Engl. =Philodendron sphalerum
Philodendron megalophyllum Schott =Philodendron deflexum
Philodendron melanochlorum G.S. Bunting =Philodendron tatei subsp. melanochlorum
Philodendron micans Klotzsch ex K. Koch =Philodendron scandens
Philodendron milleri Croat =Philodendron barrosoanum
Philodendron myrmecophilum Engl. =Philodendron deflexum
Philodendron nobile W. Bull. =Philodendron linnaei
Philodendron oxycardium Schott =Philodendron scandens
Philodendron polypodioides A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker =Philodendron pedatum
Philodendron prieurianum Schott =Philodendron scandens
Philodendron ptarianum Steyerm. =Philodendron callosum subsp. ptarianum
65
66
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Philodendron reichenbachianum Schott =Philodendron panduriforme var. reichenbachianum
Philodendron riedelianum Schott =Philodendron surinamense
Philodendron rubens Schott =Philodendron ornatum
Philodendron sabulosum G.S. Bunting =Philodendron remifolium subsp. sabulosum
Philodendron scabrum K. Krause =Philodendron muricatum
Philodendron smaragdinum G.S. Bunting =Philodendron muricatum
Philodendron striatipes Kunth & Bouché =Xanthosoma striatipes
Philodendron tessmannii K. Krause =Philodendron guttiferum
Philodendron tobagense Engl. =Philodendron ornatum
Philodendron tripartitum (Jacq.) Schott [not in flora area]
Philodendron wayombense A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker =Philodendron bipennifolium
Philonotion spruceanum Schott =Schismatoglottis spruceana
Philonotion williamsii Steyerm. =Schismatoglottis spruceana
Pothos cannaefolia Dryand. =Spathiphyllum cannifolium
Pothos cannifolius Rudge =Philodendron rudgeanum
Pothos digitata Jacq. =Anthurium digitatum
Pothos flexuosus Kunth =Heteropsis flexuosa
Pothos gracilis Rudge =Anthurium gracile
Pothos panduraeformis Kunth =Philodendron panduriforme
Pothos sagittaefolia Rudge =Urospatha sagittifolia
Pothos scolopendrinus Ham. =Anthurium gracile
Rhodospatha blanda var. melinonii Engl. =Heteropsis melinonii
Rhodospatha melinonii (Engl.) Engl. & K. Krause =Heteropsis melinonii
Rhodospatha pachysperma Madison =Rhodospatha venosa
Rhodospatha spruceana (Schott) J.F. Macbr. =Stenospermation spruceanum
Spathicarpa duidae Steyerm. =Dieffenbachia duidae
Spathiphyllum candolleanum Schott =Spathiphyllum humboldtii
Spathiphyllum caudatum Poepp. =Urospatha sagittifolia
Spathiphyllum floribundum (Linden & André) N.E. Br. [not in flora area]
Spathiphyllum glaziovii Engl. =Spathiphyllum humboldtii
Spathiphyllum huberi Engl. =Spathiphyllum humboldtii
Spathiphyllum lanceifolium (Jacq.) Schott [not in flora area]
Spathiphyllum liesneri Croat =Spathiphyllum humboldtii
Spathiphyllum sipapoanum G.S. Bunting =Spathiphyllum jejunum
Stenospermation ammiticum subsp. neblinae G.S. Bunting =Stenospermation ammiticum
Stenospermation spruceanum var. multiovulatum Engl. =Stenospermation multiovulatum
Stenospermation steyermarkii G.S. Bunting =Stenospermation multiovulatum
Stenospermation verecundum R.E. Schult. =Schismatoglottis spruceana
Syngonium connatum Gleason =Philodendron hylaeae
Syngonium ternatum Gleason =Syngonium podophyllum
Syngonium vellozianum Schott =Syngonium podophyllum var. vellozianum
Thaumatophyllum spruceanum Schott =Philodendron goeldii
Tornelia laniata Schott =Monstera adansonii var. laniata
Tornelia spruceana Schott =Monstera spruceana
Typhonium trilobatum (L.) Schott [misidentification of T. blumei]
Urospatha caudata (Poepp.) Schott =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha decipiens Schott =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha dubia Schott =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha hostmannii Schott =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha sagittifolia var. spruceana (Schott) Engl. =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha savannarum Steyerm. =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha spruceana Schott =Urospatha sagittifolia
Urospatha wurdackii (G.S. Bunting) A. Hay =Urospathella wurdackii
Xanthosoma hoffmannii var. wendlandii (Schott) Engl. [not in flora area]
Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott =Xanthosoma undipes p.p.; X. sagittifolium p.p.
Zantedeschia asperata K. Koch =Philodendron ornatum
REFERENCES
Bunting, G.S. 1960. A revision of Spathiphyllum. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(3): 1-54.
Bunting, G.S. 1995. Araceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 600-679.
Croat, T.B. 1981. A revision of Syngonium. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 68: 565-651.
Croat, T.B. 1991. A revision of Anthurium section Pachyneurium. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78(3): 539-855.
Croat, T.B. 1995 (1994). Taxonomic status of Neotropical Araceae. Aroideana 17: 33-60.
Croat, T.B. 1995. Two new species of Araceae for the Guianas. Novon 5(1): 24-29.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
67
Croat, T.B. 1997. Araceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to
the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the
New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 167-190.
Croat, T.B. & M.H. Grayum. 1994. Philodendron subgenus Pteromischum from Saül, French Guiana. Novon 4(3): 211-219.
Jonker-Verhoef, A.M.E. & F.P. Jonker. 1953. Araceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 1-80.
Jonker-Verhoef, A.M.E. & F.P. Jonker. 1968. Araceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname
1(2): 380-412.
Madison, M. 1977. A revision of Monstera. Contrib. Gray Herb. 207: 3-100.
Madison, M. 1981. Notes on Caladium and its allies. Selbyana 5(3-4): 342-377.
Zhu, G., J.O. Boos, and T.B. Croat. 1998. Identity and typification of Draconitum dubium (Araceae). Novon 8(1): 101-103.
ARECACEAE
M. Balick, J.-J. de Granville, A. Henderson
Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.
Asterogyne guianensis Granv. & A.J. Hend.
Astrocaryum acaule Mart.
Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey.
Astrocaryum chambira Burret
Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart.
Astrocaryum jauari Mart.
Astrocaryum murumuru Mart.
Astrocaryum paramaca Mart.
Astrocaryum sciophilum (Miq.) Pulle
Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.
Attalea butyracea (Mutis ex L. f.) Wess. Boer
Attalea camopiensis (Glassman) Zona
Attalea degranvillei (Glassman) Zona
Attalea guianensis (Glassman) Zona
Attalea luetzelburgii (Burret) Wess. Boer
Attalea maripa (Aubl.) Mart.
Attalea maripensis (Glassman) Zona
Attalea microcarpa Mart.
Attalea racemosa Spruce
Attalea speciosa Mart.
Bactris acanthocarpa Mart.
Bactris acanthocarpa var. acanthocarpa
Bactris acanthocarpa var. intermedia A.J. Hend.
Bactris acanthocarpoides Barb. Rodr.
Bactris aubletiana Trail
Bactris balanophora Spruce
Bactris bidentula Spruce
Bactris brongniartii Mart.
Bactris campestris Poepp. ex Mart.
Bactris constanciae Barb. Rodr.
Bactris corossilla H. Karst.
Bactris cuspidata Mart.
Bactris elegans Barb. Rodr.
Bactris gasipaes Kunth [cultivated, escaped]
Bactris gastoniana Barb. Rodr.
Bactris guineensis (L.) H.E. Moore
Bactris hirta Mart.
Bactris hirta var. hirta
Bactris hirta var. jenmanii A.J. Hend.
Bactris hirta var. pulchra (Trail) A.J. Hend.
Bactris major Jacq.
Bactris major var. infesta (Mart.) Drude
Bactris major var. major
Bactris major var. megalocarpa (Trail) A.J. Hend.
Bactris maraja Mart. [see also Bactris brongniartii]
Bactris maraja var. juruensis (Trail) A.J. Hend.
Bactris x moorei Wess. Boer
Bactris oligocarpa Barb. Rodr. & Trail ex Barb. Rodr.
Bactris oligoclada Burret
AM
BO
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
AM
FG
FG
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
FG
BO
BO
GU
68
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Bactris pliniana Granv. & A.J. Hend.
Bactris ptariana Steyerm.
Bactris rhaphidacantha Wess. Boer
Bactris setulosa H. Karst.
Bactris simplicifrons Mart.
Bactris sp. nov. 1 [=Bactris vesiculifera Trail, nomen nudum]
Bactris sp. nov. 2
Bactris sp. nov. 3
Bactris tomentosa Mart.
Bactris tomentosa var. tomentosa
Bactris trailiana Barb. Rodr.
Bactris turbinocarpa Barb. Rodr.
Cocos nucifera L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Copernicia tectorum (Kunth) Mart.
Desmoncus mitis Mart.
Desmoncus cf. mitis Mart.
Desmoncus orthacanthos Mart.
Desmoncus phoenicocarpus Barb. Rodr.
Desmoncus polyacanthos Mart.
Desmoncus polyacanthos var. polyacanthos
Desmoncus cf. pycnacanthos Mart.
Desmoncus cf. riparius Spruce [Desmoncus riparius = Desmoncus
polyacanthos var. polyacanthos]
Dictyocaryum fuscum (H. Karst.) H. Wendl.
Dictyocaryum ptarianum (Steyerm.) H.E. Moore & Steyerm.
Elaeis guineensis Jacq. [cultivated, naturalized]
Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés
Euterpe catinga Wallace
Euterpe catinga var. catinga
Euterpe catinga var. roraimae (Dammer) A.J. Hend. & Galeano
Euterpe longebracteata Barb. Rodr.
Euterpe oleracea Mart.
Euterpe precatoria Mart.
Euterpe precatoria var. precatoria
Geonoma appuniana Spruce
Geonoma aspidiifolia Spruce
Geonoma baculifera (Poit.) Kunth
Geonoma densa Linden & H. Wendl. ex H. Wendl. [Mt. Roraima]
Geonoma deversa (Poit.) Kunth
Geonoma interrupta (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Geonoma interrupta var. euspatha (Burret) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma interrupta var. interrupta [not in flora area fide A. Henderson]
Geonoma leptospadix Trail
Geonoma macrostachys Mart.
Geonoma macrostachys var. acaulis (Mart.) Skov
Geonoma macrostachys var. poiteauana (Kunth) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma maxima (Poit.) Kunth
Geonoma maxima var. ambigua (Spruce) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma maxima var. chelidonura (Spruce) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma maxima var. maxima
Geonoma oldemanii Granv.
Geonoma oligoclona Trail
Geonoma sp. nov. 1
Geonoma sp. nov. 2
Geonoma stricta (Poit.) Kunth
Geonoma stricta var. piscicauda (Dammer) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma stricta var. stricta
Geonoma stricta var. trailii (Burrett) A.J. Hend.
Geonoma umbraculiformis Wess. Boer
Hyospathe elegans Mart.
Iriartea deltoidea Ruiz & Pav.
Iriartella setigera (Mart.) H. Wendl.
Leopoldinia major Wallace
Leopoldinia piassaba Wallace
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
DA
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
GU
AM
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Leopoldinia pulchra Mart.
Lepidocaryum tenue Mart.
Lepidocaryum tenue var. gracile (Mart.) A.J. Hend.
Manicaria saccifera Gaertn.
Mauritia carana Wallace
Mauritia flexuosa L. f.
Mauritiella aculeata (Kunth) Burret
Mauritiella armata (Mart.) Burret
Maximbignya dahlgreniana (Bondar) Glassman [=Attalea dahlgreniana]
Nypa fruticans Wurmb. [Asian native, invasive along tidal rivers]
Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.
Oenocarpus balickii F. Kahn
Oenocarpus bataua Mart.
Oenocarpus bataua var. bataua
Oenocarpus bataua var. oligocarpa (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) A.J. Hend.
Phoenix reclinata Jacq. [cultivated, naturalized]
Prestoea tenuiramosa (Dammer) H.E. Moore
Roystonea oleracea (Jacq.) O.F. Cook [also widely cultivated, naturalized]
Sabal mauritiiformis (H. Karst.) Griseb. & H. Wendl.
Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H. Wendl.
Syagrus cocoides Mart.
Syagrus inajai (Spruce) Becc.
Syagrus orinocensis (Spruce) Burret
Syagrus sancona H. Karst.
Syagrus stratincola Wess. Boer
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
69
BO
BO
DA
BO
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acrocomia lasiospatha Mart. =Acrocomia aculeata
Acrocomia sclerocarpa Mart. =Acrocomia aculeata
Acrocomia wallaceana (Drude) Becc. =Acrocomia aculeata
Asterogyne spicata (H.E. Moore) Wess. Boer [not in flora area]
Astrocaryum caudescens Barb. Rodr. =Astrocaryum aculeatum
Astrocaryum farinosum Barb. Rodr. =Astrocaryum sciophilum
Astrocaryum guianense Splitg. ex Mart. =Astrocaryum vulgare
Astrocaryum gymnopus Burret =Astrocaryum gynacanthum
Astrocaryum humile Wallace =Bactris acanthocarpa
Astrocaryum macrocalyx Burret =Astrocaryum murumuru
Astrocaryum minus Trail =Astrocaryum gynacanthum
Astrocaryum munbaca Mart. =Astrocaryum gynacanthum
Astrocaryum murumuru var. macrocalyx (Burret) A.J. Hend. [not in flora area]
Astrocaryum plicatum Drude =Astrocaryum sciophilum
Astrocaryum rodriguesii Trail =Astrocaryum paramaca
Astrocaryum segregatum Drude =Astrocaryum vulgare
Astrocaryum tucuma Mart. =Astrocaryum aculeatum
Astrocaryum tucumoides Drude =Astrocaryum vulgare
Attalea attaleoides (Barb. Rodr.) Wess. Boer [non Scheelea attaleoides Karst.] =Scheelea sp.
Attalea cryptanthera Wess. Boer =Attalea maripa
Attalea dahlgreniana (Bondar) Wess. Boer =Maximbignya dahlgreniana
Attalea excelsa Mart. ex Spreng. [not in flora area] =Attalea phalerata
Attalea ferruginea Burret =Attalea racemosa
Attalea funifera Mart. [not in flora area]
Attalea humboldtiana Spruce =Attalea butyracea
Attalea macrocarpa (H. Karst.) Wess. Boer =Attalea butyracea
Attalea macrolepis (Burret) Wess. Boer =Attalea butyracea
Attalea macropetala (Burret) Wess. Boer =Attalea maripa
Attalea monosperma Barb. Rodr. [not in flora area] =Attalea spectabilis
Attalea polysticha (Burret) Wess. Boer =Attalea microcarpa
Attalea pycnocarpa Wess. Boer =Attalea butyracea
Attalea regia (Mart.) Wess. Boer =Attalea maripa
Attalea sagotii (Trail ex Thurn) Wess. Boer =Attalea microcarpa
Attalea spectabilis Mart. [not in flora area]
Bactris armata Barb. Rodr. [not in flora area] =Bactris maraja var. maraja
Bactris capinensis Huber =Bactris tomentosa var. tomentosa
Bactris carolensis Spruce =Bactris simplicifrons
GU
70
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Bactris chaetochlamys Burret =Bactris maraja
Bactris chaetospatha Mart. =Bactris maraja
Bactris concinna Mart. [not in flora area]
Bactris cruegeriana Griseb. & H. Wendl. ex Griseb. =Bactris major var. major
Bactris cuspidata var. tenuis (Wallace) Drude =Bactris simplicifrons
Bactris duidae Steyerm. =Bactris corossilla
Bactris exscapa (Barb. Rodr.) Barb. Rodr. =Bactris acanthocarpa var. acanthocarpa
Bactris floccosa Spruce =Bactris cuspidata
Bactris gaviona (Trail) Trail ex Drude =Bactris major var. infesta
Bactris geonomoides Drude =Bactris hirta var. hirta
Bactris gymnospatha Burret =Bactris maraja
Bactris humilis (Wallace) Burret =Bactris acanthocarpa var. acanthocarpa
Bactris integrifolia Wallace =Bactris hirta var. hirta
Bactris kamarupa Steyerm. =Bactris maraja
Bactris leptocarpa Trail ex Thurn =Bactris campestris
Bactris longicuspis Burret =Bactris maraja
Bactris luetzelburgii Burret =Bactris simplicifrons
Bactris megalocarpa Trail ex Thurn =Bactris major var. megalocarpa
Bactris mitis Mart. =Bactris cuspidata
Bactris monticola Barb. Rodr. =Bactris maraja
Bactris pallidispina Mart. =Bactris brongniartii
Bactris pectinata Mart. =Bactris hirta var. hirta
Bactris penicillata Barb. Rodr. =Bactris maraja var. juruensis
Bactris rivularis Barb. Rodr. =Bactris brongniartii
Bactris sororpanae Steyerm. =Bactris simplicifrons
Bactris sphaerocarpa Trail [not in flora area] =Bactris tomentosa var. sphaerocarpa
Bactris tenuis Wallace =Bactris simplicifrons
Bactris tomentosa var. sphaerocarpa (Trail) A.J. Hend. [not in flora area]
Bactris trichospatha Trail =Bactris maraja
Bactris turbinata Spruce =Bactris hirta
Bactris ulei Burret =Bactris hirta var. pulchra
Bactris venezuelensis Steyerm. =Bactris corossilla
Chamaedorea gracilis Willd. [name of uncertain application]
Cocos aculeatus Jacq. =Acrocomia aculeata
Cocos butyracea Mutis ex L. f. =Attalea butyracea
Cocos guineensis L. =Bactris guineensis
Cocos orinocensis Spruce =Syagrus orinocensis
Copernicia cerifera (Arruda) Mart. [cultivated only] =Copernicia prunifera (Miller) Moore
Corypha tectorum Kunth =Copernicia tectorum
Dahlgrenia ptariana Steyerm. =Dictyocaryum ptarianum
Desmoncus apureanus L.H. Bailey =Desmoncus orthacanthos
Desmoncus duidensis Steyerm. =Desmoncus mitis
Desmoncus guianensis Trail [apparently a nomen nudum]
Desmoncus horridus Splitg. ex Mart. =Desmoncus orthacanthos
Desmoncus kaieteurensis L.H. Bailey =Desmoncus phoenicocarpus
Desmoncus macroacanthos Mart. [specimens probably = B. phoenicocarpus according to Henderson] =Desmoncus
polyacanthos var. polyacanthos
Desmoncus maguirei L.H. Bailey =Desmoncus polyacanthos var. polyacanthos
Desmoncus multijugus Steyerm. =Desmoncus orthacanthos
Desmoncus oxyacanthos Mart. =Desmoncus polyacanthos
Desmoncus palustris Trail =Desmoncus orthacanthos
Desmoncus parvulus L.H. Bailey =Desmoncus phoenicocarpus
Desmoncus pumilus Trail =Desmoncus mitis
Desmoncus riparius Spruce =Desmoncus polyacanthos var. polyacanthos
Desmoncus velezii L.H. Bailey & H.E. Moore =Desmoncus orthacanthos
Euterpe aurantiaca H.E. Moore =Euterpe catinga
Euterpe erubescens H.E. Moore =Euterpe catinga var. roraimae
Euterpe montis-duida Burret =Euterpe catinga
Euterpe ptariana Steyerm. =Euterpe catinga var. roraimae
Euterpe roraimae Dammer =Euterpe catinga var. roraimae
Euterpe stenophylla Trail =Euterpe precatoria var. precatoria
Euterpe subruminata Burret =Euterpe precatoria
Euterpe tenuiramosa Dammer =Prestoea tenuiramosa
Geonoma acaulis Mart. =Geonoma macrostachys var. acaulis
Geonoma acaulis (Poit.) Burret =Geonoma macrostachys var. poiteauana
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Geonoma ambigua Spruce =Geonoma maxima var. ambigua
Geonoma arundinacea Mart. [not in flora area]
Geonoma barthia Engel =Geonoma densa
Geonoma bartlettii Dammer ex Burret =Geonoma deversa
Geonoma chaunostachys Burret =Geonoma macrostachys var. poiteauana
Geonoma chelidoneura Spruce =Geonoma maxima var. chelidonura
Geonoma elegans Mart. [not in flora area]
Geonoma euspatha Burret =Geonoma interrupta var. euspatha
Geonoma fusca Wess. Boer =Geonoma aspidiifolia
Geonoma juruana Dammer =Geonoma maxima
Geonoma karuaiana Steyerm. =Geonoma interrupta var. euspatha
Geonoma macrospatha Spruce =Geonoma baculifera
Geonoma maguirei L.H. Bailey =Geonoma stricta var. stricta
Geonoma major Burret =Geonoma deversa
Geonoma microspatha Spruce =Geonoma deversa
Geonoma multiflora Mart. =Geonoma maxima var. maxima
Geonoma negrensis Spruce =Geonoma maxima var. maxima
Geonoma paniculigera Mart. =Geonoma deversa
Geonoma pinnatifrons Willd. [not in flora area fide A. Henderson] =Geonoma interrupta var. interrupta
Geonoma piscicauda Dammer =Geonoma stricta var. piscicauda
Geonoma platycaula Drude & Trail ex Drude [not in flora area] =Geonoma rubescens H. Wendl. ex Drude
Geonoma poiteauana Kunth =Geonoma macrostachys var. poiteauana
Geonoma pycnostachys Mart. =Geonoma stricta var. stricta
Geonoma robusta Burret =Geonoma maxima var. ambigua
Geonoma roraimae Dammer =Geonoma appuniana p.p.; Geonoma baculifera p.p.
Geonoma saramaccana L.H. Bailey =Geonoma leptospadix
Geonoma schomburgkiana Spruce =Geonoma maxima var. ambigua
Geonoma spruceana Trail =Geonoma maxima
Geonoma tamandua Trail [not in flora area] =Geonoma macrostachys var. macrostachys
Geonoma triglochin Burret [not in flora area] [confused with G. umbraculiformis fide Granville]
Guilielma speciosa Mart. =Bactris gasipaes
Gynestum baculiferum Poit. =Geonoma baculifera
Gynestum deversum Poit. =Geonoma deversa
Gynestum maximum Poit. =Geonoma maxima
Hyospathe maculata Steyerm. =Hyospathe elegans
Iriartea exorrhiza Mart. =Socratea exorrhiza
Iriartea fusca (H. Karst.) Drude [not in flora area] =Dictyocaryum fuscum
Iriartea setigera Mart. =Iriartella setigera
Iriartea ventricosa Mart. =Iriartea deltoidea
Jessenia bataua (Mart.) Burret =Oenocarpus bataua
Jessenia bataua subsp. bataua =Oenocarpus bataua var. bataua
Jessenia bataua subsp. oligocarpa (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Balick =Oenocarpus bataua var. oligocarpa
Jessenia oligocarpa Griseb. & H. Wendl. =Oenocarpus bataua var. oligocarpa
Lepidocaryum casiquiarense (Spruce) Drude =Lepidocaryum tenue
Lepidocaryum gracile Mart. =Lepidocaryum tenue var. gracile
Lepidocaryum guainiensis (Spruce) Drude =Lepidocaryum tenue var. gracile
Manicaria atricha Burret =Manicaria saccifera
Manicaria plukenetii Griseb. & H. Wendl. =Manicaria saccifera
Markleya dahlgreniana Bondar =Maximbignya dahlgreniana
Mauritia aculeata Kunth =Mauritiella aculeata
Mauritia casiquiarensis Spruce =Lepidocaryum tenue
Mauritia flexuosa var. venezuelana Steyerm. =Mauritia flexuosa
Mauritia guainiensis Spruce =Lepidocaryum tenue
Mauritia martiana Spruce =Attalea maripa
Mauritia minor Burret =Mauritia flexuosa
Mauritia subinermis Spruce =Mauritiella armata
Mauritiella martiana (Spruce) Burret =Mauritiella armata
Maximiliana elegans H. Karst. =Attalea maripa
Maximiliana macropetala Burret =Attalea maripa
Maximiliana maripa (Aubl.) Drude =Attalea maripa
Maximiliana martiana H. Karst. =Attalea maripa
Maximiliana regia Mart. =Attalea maripa
Oenocarpus bacaba var. grandis (Burret) Wess. Boer =Oenocarpus bacaba
Oenocarpus bacaba var. parvus Wess. Boer =Oenocarpus balickii
Oenocarpus grandis Burret =Oenocarpus bacaba
71
72
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Oenocarpus oligocarpa (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Wess. Boer =Oenocarpus bataua var. oligocarpa
Orbignya barbosiana Burret =Attalea speciosa
Orbignya luetzelburgii Burret =Attalea luetzelburgii
Orbignya microcarpa (Mart.) Burret =Attalea microcarpa
Orbignya phalerata Mart. =Attalea speciosa
Orbignya polysticha Burret =Attalea microcarpa
Orbignya sagotii Trail ex Thurn =Attalea microcarpa
Orbignya speciosa (Mart.) Barb. Rodr. =Attalea speciosa
Orbignya spectabilis (Mart.) Burret [not in flora area] =Attalea spectabilis
Palma maripa Aubl. =Attalea maripa
Parascheelea luetzelburgii (Burret) Dugand =Attalea luetzelburgii
Prestoea steyermarkii H.E. Moore =Prestoea tenuiramosa
Raphia taedigera (Mart.) Mart. [not in flora area]
Roystonea jenmanii (Wright) Burret [cultivated] =Roystonea regia (Kunth) Cook
Roystonea venezuelana L.H. Bailey =Roystonea oleracea
Scheelea butyracea (Mutis ex L. f.) H. Karst. ex H. Wendl. =Attalea butyracea
Scheelea camopiensis Glassman =Attalea camopiensis
Scheelea degranvillei Glassman =Attalea degranvillei
Scheelea guianensis Glassman =Attalea guianensis
Scheelea humboldtiana (Spruce) Burret =Attalea butyracea
Scheelea macrocarpa H. Karst. =Attalea butyracea
Scheelea macrolepis Burret =Attalea butyracea
Scheelea maripensis Glassman =Attalea maripensis
Scheelea passargei Burret =Attalea butyracea
Socratea albolineata Steyerm. =Socratea exorrhiza
Socratea gracilis Burret =Socratea exorrhiza
Socratea microchlamys Burret =Socratea exorrhiza
Trithrinax mauritiaeformis H. Karst. =Sabal mauritiiformis
Yuyba dakamana L.H. Bailey =Bactris simplicifrons
Yuyba essequiboensis L.H. Bailey =Bactris simplicifrons
Yuyba gleasonii L.H. Bailey =Bactris simplicifrons
Yuyba maguirei L.H. Bailey =Bactris simplicifrons
Yuyba stahelii L.H. Bailey =Bactris simplicifrons
REFERENCES
Balick, M.J. 1986. Systematics and economic botany of the Oenocarpus-Jessenia (Palmae) complex. Advances in Economic
Botany 3: 1-140. The New York Botanical Garden, New York.
Dahlgren, B.E. 1936. Index of American Palms. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, 14: 1-436.
Dransfield, J., D. Johnson, & H. Synge. 1988. The Palms of the New World, A Conservation Census. IUCN: Kew, Richmond,
Surrey.
Glassman, S.F. 1972. A revision of B.E. Dahlgren’s Index of American Palms. Phanerogamarum Monographiae Tomus VI: 1294.
Glassman, S.F. 1977. Preliminary taxonomic studies in the palm genus Attalea H.B.K. Fieldiana Bot. 38: 31-61.
Glassman, S.F. 1977. Preliminary studies in the palm genus Orbignya Mart. Phytologia 36: 89-115.
Glassman, S.F. 1978. Preliminary taxonomic studies in the palm genus Maximiliana Mart. Phytologia 38: 161-172.
Glassman, S.F. 1987. Revisions of the palm genus Syagrus Mart. and other selected genera in the Cocos alliance. Ill. Biol.
Monogr. 56: 1-230.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1975. Un nouveau palmier en Guyane Française: Geonoma oldemanii. Adansonia, sér. 2 14(4): 553-559.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1986. The Palms of the Guianas. Flora of the Guianas Newsletter 3: 36-39.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1989. La distribucion de las palmas en Guyana Francesa. Acta Amaz. 19: 115-138.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1990. Les Palmiers de la Guyane Française. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 220: 43-54.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1992. The genus Bactris: taxonomy and distribution. Flora of the Guianas Newsletter 9: 6-11.
Granville, J.-J. de. 1997. Arecaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 190-215.
Granville, J.-J. de. 2002. Les Palmiers de Guyane française. Acta Botanica Gallica, Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France
149 (3): 275-228.
Granville, J.-J. de & A. Henderson. 1988. A new species of Asterogyne (Palmae) from French Guiana. Studies on the Flora of the
Guianas 28. Brittonia 40(1): 76-80.
Granville, J.-J. de & A. Henderson. 1994. A new species of Bactris (Palmae) from the Amazon region. Studies on the Flora of the
Guianas 78. Brittonia 46(2): 147-150.
Henderson, A. 1990. Arecaceae part I. Introduction and Iriarteinae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 53: 1-100.
Henderson, A. 1994. The genus Attalea. Palm Journal 114: 49-53.
Henderson, A. 1995. The Palms of the Amazon. Oxford University Press.
Henderson, A. 1997. Arecaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 32-122.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
73
Henderson, A, G. Galeano, & R. Bernal. 1995. Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas. Princeton University Press.
Kahn, F. & J.-J. de Granville. 1992. Palms in Forest Ecosystems of Amazonia. Ecological Studies 95: 1-226. Springer-Verlag.
Kahn, F. & B. Millan. 1992. Astrocaryum (Palmae) in Amazonia. A preliminary treatment. Bull. Inst. fr. études andines 21(2):
459-531.
Lindeman, J.C. 1984. Palmae (additions and corrections). In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 651-652.
Wessels Boer, J.G. 1965. Palmae. In J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 1-172.
Wessels Boer, J.G. 1968. The Geonomoid Palms. N.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, Amsterdam.
Wessels Boer, J.G. 1972. Palmae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 9. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 23: 1-832.
BROMELIACEAE
E.J. Gouda, J. Grant, B.K. Holst, H. Luther, M. Spencer
Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Aechmea aquilega (Salisb.) Griseb.
Aechmea aquilega var. aquilega
Aechmea beeriana L.B. Sm. & M.A. Spencer [=Streptocalyx poeppigii]
Aechmea brassicoides Baker
Aechmea brevicollis L.B. Sm.
Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker
Aechmea campanulata L.B. Sm.
Aechmea castelnavii Baker [expected in FG, fide Gouda]
Aechmea chantinii (CarriPre) Baker
Aechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker
Aechmea corymbosa (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Mez
Aechmea egleriana L.B. Sm.
Aechmea egleriana var. egleriana
Aechmea egleriana var. major L.B. Sm. [expected in FG, fide Gouda]
Aechmea lanjouwii (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.
Aechmea lingulata (L.) Baker
Aechmea lingulata var. lingulata
Aechmea longifolia (Rudge) L.B. Sm. & M.A. Spencer [=Streptocalyx
longifolius]
Aechmea melinonii Hook.
Aechmea mertensii (G. Mey.) Schult. & Schult. f.
Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb.
Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker
Aechmea nudicaulis var. nudicaulis
Aechmea pallida L.B. Sm.
Aechmea penduliflora André
Aechmea poitaei (Baker) L.B. Sm. & M.A. Spencer [=Streptocalyx poitaei]
Aechmea politii L.B. Sm.
Aechmea rubiginosa Mez [expected in FG]
Aechmea setigera Mart. ex Schult. f.
Aechmea tillandsioides (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker
Aechmea tocantina Baker
Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Sm.
Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. [cultivated, naturalized]
Ananas lucidus Mill.
Ananas nanus (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [records misident., fide Spencer]
Ananas parguazensis L.A. Camargo & L.B. Sm.
Araeococcus flagellifolius Harms
Araeococcus goeldianus L.B. Sm.
Araeococcus micranthus Brongn.
Ayensua uaipanensis (Maguire) L.B. Sm.
Billbergia brachysiphon L.B. Sm. [expected in FG, fide Gouda]
Billbergia macrolepis L.B. Sm.
Billbergia pyramidalis (Sims) Linden
Billbergia rosea hort. ex Beer
Billbergia violacea Beer
Brewcaria brocchinioides (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst
Brewcaria duidensis L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Brewcaria hechtioides (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst
Brewcaria hohenbergioides (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
BO
SU
GU
FG
FG
AM
DA
DA
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
DA
DA
DA
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG?
GU
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU
SU
SU
74
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Brewcaria marahuacae L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Brewcaria reflexa (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst
Brocchinia acuminata L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Brocchinia cowanii L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia delicatula L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Brocchinia gilmartiniae G.S. Varad.
Brocchinia hechtioides Mez
Brocchinia hitchcockii L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia maguirei L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia melanacra L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Brocchinia micrantha (Baker) Mez
Brocchinia paniculata Schult. f.
Brocchinia prismatica L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia reducta Baker
Brocchinia steyermarkii L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia tatei L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia vestita L.B. Sm.
Brocchinia wurdackiana B. Holst
Bromelia agavifolia Brongn. ex Houllett
Bromelia alta L.B. Sm.
Bromelia chrysantha Jacq. [expected in GU, fide Gouda]
Bromelia fosteriana L.B. Sm.
Bromelia goeldiana L.B. Sm.
Bromelia granvillei L.B. Sm. & Gouda
Bromelia humilis Jacq.
Bromelia morreniana (Regel) Mez [expected in FG, fide Gouda]
Bromelia oleveiriae L.B. Sm. [this species not expected in FG, fide Gouda]
Bromelia pinguin L. [probably cultivated, fide Grant]
Bromelia plumieri (E. Morren) L.B. Sm.
Bromelia rondoniana L.B. Sm. [expected in GU, fide Gouda]
Bromelia serra Griseb.
Bromelia tubulosa L.B. Sm.
Catopsis berteroniana (Schult. & Schult. f.) Mez
Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Connellia augustae (M.R. Schomb.) N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Connellia caricifolia L.B. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Connellia nutans L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Connellia quelchii N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Connellia varadarajanii L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Disteganthus basi-lateralis Lem.
Disteganthus lateralis (L.B. Sm.) Gouda
Guzmania altsonii L.B. Sm.
Guzmania brasiliensis Ule [possibly expected in GU]
Guzmania calothyrsa Mez
Guzmania lingulata (L.) Mez
Guzmania melinonis Regel
Guzmania monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez
Guzmania monostachia var. monostachia
Guzmania nubicola L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Guzmania patula Mez & Wercklé
Guzmania plumieri (Griseb.) Mez
Guzmania retusa L.B. Sm.
Guzmania roezlii (E. Morren) Mez
Guzmania sphaeroidea (André) André ex Mez
Guzmania squarrosa (Mez & Sodiro) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr.
Guzmania steyermarkii L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Guzmania terrestris L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Hohenbergia stellata Schult. f. [expected in GU, fide Gouda]
Lindmania arachnoidea (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) L.B. Sm.
Lindmania argentea L.B. Sm.
Lindmania atrorosea (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) L.B. Sm.
Lindmania aurea L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Lindmania brachyphylla L.B. Sm.
Lindmania candelabriformis B. Holst
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU?
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
SU
BO
SU
AM
BO
GU
FG
SU?
FG?
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU?
FG
GU
GU
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU?
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
SU
SU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lindmania cylindrostachya L.B. Sm.
Lindmania dendritica (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Lindmania gracillima (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Lindmania guianensis (Beer) Mez
Lindmania guianensis var. vestita (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [recognized as distinct
in FVG, but appropriate level not ventured]
Lindmania holstii Steyerm. & L.B. Sm.
Lindmania huberi L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Lindmania imitans L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Lindmania lateralis (L.B. Sm. & Read) L.B. Sm. & H. Rob. [Sierra de la
Neblina]
Lindmania longipes (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.
Lindmania maguirei (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Lindmania marahuacae (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) L.B. Sm.
Lindmania minor L.B. Sm.
Lindmania navioides L.B. Sm.
Lindmania nubigena (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Lindmania oliva-estevae L.B. Sm. & Steyerm. ex B. Holst
Lindmania phelpsiae L.B. Sm.
Lindmania piresii L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. [Serra Araca, Brazil]
Lindmania riparia L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Lindmania saxicola L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Lindmania serrulata L.B. Sm.
Lindmania smithiana (Steyerm. & Luteyn) L.B. Sm.
Lindmania sp. A [Sierra de la Neblina]
Lindmania sp. B [Sierra de la Neblina]
Lindmania sp. C
Lindmania stenophylla L.B. Sm.
Lindmania steyermarkii L.B. Sm.
Lindmania subsimplex L.B. Sm.
Lindmania thyrsoidea L.B. Sm.
Lindmania tillandsioides L.B. Sm.
Lindmania wurdackii L.B. Sm.
Mezobromelia capituligera (Griseb.) J.R. Grant [=Vriesea capituligera]
[possibly expected in GU]
Mezobromelia pleiosticha (Griseb.) Utley & H. Luther [=Vriesea pleiosticha]
Navia abysmophila L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia affinis L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia albiflora L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia aliciae L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia aloifolia L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia angustifolia (Baker) Mez
Navia arida L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia aurea L.B. Sm.
Navia barbellata L.B. Sm.
Navia berryana L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia brachyphylla L.B. Sm.
Navia breweri L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia cardonae L.B. Sm.
Navia caricifolia L.B. Sm.
Navia carnevalii L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia cataractarum Sandwith
Navia caurensis L.B. Sm.
Navia colorata L.B. Sm.
Navia connata L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia crassicaulis L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia cretacea L.B. Sm.
Navia crispa L.B. Sm.
Navia cucullata L.B. Sm.
Navia culcitaria L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia duidae L.B. Sm. [expected in Guyana]
Navia duidae var. duidae
Navia duidae var. glabrior L.B. Sm.
Navia emergens L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
AM
AM
AM
75
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
AM
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU?
GU
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU?
BO
SU
FG
76
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Navia filifera L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia geaster L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia glandulifera B. Holst
Navia glauca L.B. Sm.
Navia gleasonii L.B. Sm.
Navia huberiana L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia igneosicola L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia immersa L.B. Sm.
Navia incrassata L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia intermedia L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia involucrata L.B. Sm.
Navia jauana L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia lactea L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia lanigera L.B. Sm.
Navia lasiantha L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia latifolia L.B. Sm.
Navia lepidota L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia liesneri L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia lindmanioides L.B. Sm.
Navia linearis L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia luzuloides L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia maguirei L.B. Sm.
Navia mima L.B. Sm.
Navia mosaica B. Holst
Navia navicularis L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia nubicola L.B. Sm.
Navia ocellata L.B. Sm.
Navia octopoides L.B. Sm.
Navia ovoidea L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia paruana B. Holst
Navia parvula L.B. Sm.
Navia parvula var. expansa L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia parvula var. parvula [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia patria L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia pauciflora L.B. Sm.
Navia phelpsiae L.B. Sm.
Navia piresii L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia polyglomerata L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia pulvinata L.B. Sm.
Navia pungens L.B. Sm.
Navia robinsonii L.B. Sm.
Navia rupestris (Gleason) Sandwith
Navia sandwithii L.B. Sm.
Navia saxicola L.B. Sm.
Navia scirpiflora L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Navia scopulorum L.B. Sm.
Navia semiserrata L.B. Sm.
Navia serrulata L.B. Sm.
Navia sp. A
Navia sp. B [Sierra de la Neblina]
Navia sp. C
Navia splendens L.B. Sm.
Navia stenodonta L.B. Sm.
Navia steyermarkii L.B. Sm.
Navia subpetiolata L.B. Sm.
Navia tentaculata B. Holst
Navia terramarae L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Navia trichodonta L.B. Sm.
Navia umbratilis L.B. Sm.
Navia viridis L.B. Sm.
Navia wurdackii L.B. Sm.
Navia xyridiflora L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia leviana L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia myrmecophila (Ule ex G. Karst. & Schenck) L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia stolonifera L.B. Sm.
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
SU
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pitcairnia agavifolia L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia armata Maury
Pitcairnia brittoniana Mez
Pitcairnia bulbosa L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia cana B. Holst
Pitcairnia caricifolia Mart. ex Schult. f. [=Pepinia caricifolia]
Pitcairnia ctenophylla L.B. Sm. [=Pepinia ctenophylla] [expected in GU]
Pitcairnia echinata Hook.
Pitcairnia echinata Hook. var. echinata
Pitcairnia epiphytica L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia filispina L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia geyskesii L.B. Sm. [=Pepinia geyskesii]
Pitcairnia graniticola B. Holst
Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer [expected in GU]
Pitcairnia incarnata Baker [=Pepinia incarnata]
Pitcairnia juncoides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia kunhardtiana L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia leopoldii (W. Till & S. Till) B. Holst
Pitcairnia leprieurii Baker
Pitcairnia maguirei L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia maidifolia (C. Morren) Decne. ex Planch. & Linden
Pitcairnia nematophora L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia nuda Baker [=Pepinia nuda]
Pitcairnia orchidifolia Mez
Pitcairnia patentiflora L.B. Sm. [=Pepinia patentiflora]
Pitcairnia patentiflora var. armata L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia patentiflora var. patentiflora
Pitcairnia phelpsiae (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst & L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia pruinosa Kunth
Pitcairnia pusilla Mez
Pitcairnia rubiginosa (Brongn. ex E. Morren) Baker [=Pepinia rubiginosa]
Pitcairnia rubignosa (Baker) Mez
Pitcairnia rubignosa var. amazonica (Baker) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia sastrei L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia sp. A
Pitcairnia sp. B [Sierra de la Neblina]
Pitcairnia sp. C
Pitcairnia sprucei Baker [=Pepinia sprucei]
Pitcairnia uaupensis Baker
Puya floccosa (Linden) E. Morren ex Mez
Puya floccosa var. floccosa
Puya grafii Rauh
Racinaea jenmanii (Baker) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea spiculosa (Griseb.) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea spiculosa var. micrantha (Baker) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea spiculosa var. spiculosa
Racinaea spiculosa var. stenoglossa (L.B. Sm.) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea tetrantha (Ruiz & Pav.) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea tetrantha var. aurantiaca (Griseb.) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea (L.B. Sm.) M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Steyerbromelia deflexa L.B. Sm. & H. Rob.
Steyerbromelia diffusa L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.
Steyerbromelia discolor L.B. Sm. & H. Rob.
Steyerbromelia plowmanii (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) H. Rob. & D.C.
Taylor [Sierra de la Neblina]
Steyerbromelia ramosa (L.B. Sm.) B. Holst
Steyerbromelia thomasii (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) B. Holst [Sierra de
la Neblina]
Tillandsia adpressiflora Mez
Tillandsia anceps Lodd.
Tillandsia balbisiana Schult. f. [possibly expected in GU]
Tillandsia brachycaulos Schltdl.
Tillandsia bulbosa Hook.
Tillandsia clavigera Mez
Tillandsia compacta Griseb. [possibly expected in GU]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
77
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
BO
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU?
GU
FG
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
DA
DA
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
78
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tillandsia compacta var. compacta
Tillandsia complanata Benth.
Tillandsia confinis L.B. Sm.
Tillandsia elongata Kunth
Tillandsia elongata var. subimbricata (Baker) L.B. Sm. [expected in GU]
Tillandsia fasciculata Sw.
Tillandsia fendleri Griseb.
Tillandsia fendleri var. fendleri
Tillandsia fendleri var. reducta (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.
Tillandsia flexuosa Sw.
Tillandsia gardneri Lindl.
Tillandsia geminiflora Brongn.
Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir.
Tillandsia kegeliana Mez
Tillandsia monadelpha (E. Morren) Baker
Tillandsia paraensis Mez
Tillandsia polystachia (L.) L.
Tillandsia pruinosa Sw.
Tillandsia pyramidata André
Tillandsia pyramidata var. pyramidata
Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L.
Tillandsia schiedeana Steud.
Tillandsia stricta Sol. ex Ker Gawl.
Tillandsia stricta var. stricta
Tillandsia tenuifolia L.
Tillandsia tenuifolia var. tenuifolia
Tillandsia turneri Baker
Tillandsia turneri var. orientalis L.B. Sm.
Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L.
Vriesea bibeatricis Morillo
Vriesea duidae (L.B. Sm.) Gouda
Vriesea fibrosa L.B. Sm.
Vriesea glutinosa Lindl.
Vriesea heliconioides (Kunth) Hook. ex Walp.
Vriesea incurva (Griseb.) Read [=Tillandsia incurva]
Vriesea johnstonii (Mez) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr. [=Vriesea hygrometrica?]
Vriesea jonghei (K. Koch) E. Morren
Vriesea maguirei L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Vriesea melgueiroi I. Ramírez & Carnevali
Vriesea mitoura L.B. Sm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Vriesea platynema Gaudich.
Vriesea platynema var. platynema
Vriesea procera (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Wittm.
Vriesea procera var. procera
Vriesea rubra (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer
Vriesea sanguinolenta Cogn. & Marchand
Vriesea simplex (Vell.) Beer
Vriesea socialis L.B. Sm.
Vriesea soderstromii L.B. Sm.
Vriesea splendens (Brongn.) Lem.
Vriesea splendens var. formosa Suringar ex Witte
Vriesea splendens var. splendens
Vriesea sulcata L.B. Sm.
Vriesea wurdackii L.B. Sm.
Werauhia gigantea (Mart. ex Schult. f.) J.R. Grant [non Vriesea gigantea
Gaudich, 1846] [=Vriesea amazonica]
Werauhia gladioliflora (H. Wendl.) J.R. Grant [=Vriesea gladioliflora]
Werauhia hygrometrica (André) J.R. Grant [=Vriesea hygrometrica]
Werauhia ringens (Griseb.) J.R. Grant [=Vriesea ringens]
Werauhia viridiflora (Regel) J.R. Grant [=Vriesea viridiflora]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
SU
DA
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aechmea basi-lateralis (Lem.) L.B.Sm. =Disteganthus basi-lateralis
Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) Baker =Aechmea rubiginosa
Aechmea humilis Mez =Aechmea mertensii
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Aechmea kienastii E. Morren ex Mez =Aechmea tillandsioides
Aechmea lateralis L.B. Sm. =Disteganthus lateralis
Aechmea magdalenae auct. non (André) André ex Baker sensu L.B. Sm. =Aechmea rubiginosa
Aechmea megalantha Harms =Aechmea melinonii
Aechmea mucroniflora Hook. =Aechmea mertensii
Aechmea oligosphaera Baker =Hohenbergia stellata
Aechmea prancei L.B. Sm. [not in flora area, fide Gouda]
Aechmea spicata Mart. ex Schult. f. =Aechmea mertensii
Aechmea sprucei Mez =Aechmea castelnavii
Aechmea tillandsioides var. kienastii (E. Morren ex Mez) L.B. Sm. =Aechmea tillandsioides
Aechmea wullschlaegeliana Mez =Aechmea mertensii
Ananas ananassoides var. nanus L.B. Sm. =Ananas nanus
Ananas sativus Schult. f. =Ananas comosus
Anoplophytum guianensis Beer =Lindmania guianensis
Billbergia chantinii CarriPre =Aechmea chantinii
Billbergia contracta Mart. ex Schult. f. =Aechmea contracta
Billbergia corymbosa Mart. ex Schult. f. =Aechmea corymbosa
Billbergia tillandsioides Mart. ex Schult. f. =Aechmea tillandsioides
Bonpartea juncea Ruiz & Pav. =Tillandsia juncea
Brocchinia bernardii L.B. Sm. =Brocchinia melanacra
Brocchinia cordylinoides Baker [nom. illeg.] =Brocchinia micrantha
Brocchinia cryptantha L.B. Sm. =Brocchinia hechtioides
Brocchinia oliva-estevae Steyerm. & L.B. Sm. =Brocchinia tatei
Brocchinia secunda L.B. Sm. =Brocchinia tatei
Bromelia aquilega Salisb. =Aechmea aquilega
Bromelia comosa L. =Ananas comosus
Bromelia karatas L. =Bromelia plumieri
Bromelia lingulata L. =Aechmea lingulata
Bromelia longifolia Rudge =Aechmea longifolia
Bromelia lutea G. Mey. =Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata
Bromelia mertensii G. Mey. =Aechmea mertensii
Bromelia nudicaulis L. =Aechmea nudicaulis
Caraguata hygrometrica André =Werauhia hygrometrica
Caraguata lingulata (L.) Lindl. =Guzmania lingulata
Caraguata sphaeroidea André =Guzmania sphaeroidea
Caraguata splendens Planch. =Guzmania lingulata
Catopsis fendleri Baker =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Catopsis inconspicua Baker [not in flora area] =Catopsis nitida (Hook.) Griseb.
Chevaliera fernandae (E. Morren) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea rubiginosa
Chevaliera pallida (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea pallida
Chevaliera rubiginosa (Mez) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea rubiginosa
Connellia smithiana Steyerm. & Luteyn =Lindmania smithiana
Cottendorfia arachnoidea L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania arachnoidea
Cottendorfia argentea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania argentea
Cottendorfia atrorosea L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania atrorosea
Cottendorfia brachyphylla (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania brachyphylla
Cottendorfia brachyphylla var. angustior L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania brachyphylla
Cottendorfia cylindrostachya (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania cylindrostachya
Cottendorfia dendritica L.B. Sm. =Lindmania dendritica
Cottendorfia ? dyckioides L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia geniculata (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia ? geniculata var. minor L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia gracillima L.B. Sm. =Lindmania gracillima
Cottendorfia guianensis (Beer) Klotzsch ex Baker =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia ? guianensis var. vestita L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia lateralis L.B. Sm. & Read =Lindmania lateralis
Cottendorfia longipes L.B. Sm. =Lindmania longipes
Cottendorfia maguirei L.B. Sm. =Lindmania maguirei
Cottendorfia marahuacae L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania marahuacae
Cottendorfia minor (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania minor
Cottendorfia navioides (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania navioides
Cottendorfia nubigena L.B. Sm. =Lindmania nubigena
Cottendorfia paludosa (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Cottendorfia phelpsiae (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania phelpsiae
79
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cottendorfia savannensis L.B. Sm. =Lindmania nubigena
Cottendorfia serrulata (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania serrulata
Cottendorfia serrulata var. reducta (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania serrulata
Cottendorfia stenophylla (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania stenophylla
Cottendorfia steyermarkii (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania steyermarkii
Cottendorfia subsimplex (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania subsimplex
Cottendorfia thyrsoidea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania thyrsoidea
Cottendorfia tillandsioides (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania tillandsioides
Cottendorfia wurdackii (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania wurdackii
Disteganthus bromeliifolius L.B. Sm. [nomen nudum] =Disteganthus lateralis
Disteganthus calatheoides (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & Read =Disteganthus basi-lateralis
Dyckia augustae (M.R. Schomb.) Baker =Connellia augustae
Encholirium augustae M.R. Schomb. =Connellia augustae
Gravisia aquilega (Salisb.) Mez =Aechmea aquilega
Gravisia lanjouwii (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Aechmea lanjouwii
Guzmania angustifolia (Baker) Wittm. [not in flora area]
Guzmania capituligera (Griseb.) Mez =Mezobromelia capituligera
Guzmania cryptantha L.B. Sm. =Guzmania squarrosa
Guzmania erythrolepis Brongn. ex Planch. [probably misident. of G. melinonis, fide E. Gouda]
Guzmania geniculata L.B. Sm. =Guzmania sphaeroidea
Guzmania lingulata var. minor (Mez) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr. =Guzmania lingulata
Guzmania lingulata var. splendens (Planch.) Mez =Guzmania lingulata
Guzmania minor Mez =Guzmania lingulata
Guzmania pleiosticha auct. =Guzmania altsonii
Guzmania pleiosticha (Griseb.) Mez =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Guzmania plumieri auct. non (Griseb.) Mez sensu L.B. Sm. in Lasser =Guzmania steyermarkii
Guzmania splitgerberi Mez =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Guzmania venamensis L.B. Sm. =Guzmania sphaeroidea
Hepetis amazonica (Baker) Mez =Pitcairnia rubignosa var. amazonica
Hepetis brittoniana (Mez) Mez =Pitcairnia brittoniana
Hepetis caricifolia (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Mez =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Hepetis kegeliana (Schltdl.) Mez =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Hepetis pauciflora (Baker) Mez =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Hepetis pruinosa (Kunth) Mez =Pitcairnia pruinosa
Hepetis rubiginosa (Baker) Mez =Pitcairnia rubiginosa
Hepetis sprucei (Baker) Mez =Pitcairnia sprucei
Hepetis uaupensis (Baker) Mez =Pitcairnia uaupensis
Karatas plumieri E. Morren =Bromelia plumieri
Lamprococcus brevicollis (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea brevicollis
Lamprococcus campanulatus (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea campanulata
Lindmania brachyphylla var. angustior (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) R.W. Read =Lindmania brachyphylla
Lindmania dyckioides (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Lindmania geniculata L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Lindmania geniculata var. minor (L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Lindmania paludosa L.B. Sm. =Lindmania guianensis
Lindmania savannensis (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Lindmania nubigena
Lindmania serrulata var. reducta L.B. Sm. =Lindmania serrulata
Lindmania sessilis L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania serrulata
Lindmania terramarae L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Lindmania marahuacae
Macrochordion bromeliifolia (Rudge) Beer =Aechmea bromeliifolia
Navia brocchinioides L.B. Sm. =Brewcaria brocchinioides
Navia delascionis L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Navia berryana
Navia diffusa L.B. Sm. non Steyerbromelia diffusa L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. 1986 [1987]. =Steyerbromelia plowmanii
Navia fluviatilis L.B. Sm. =Navia rupestris
Navia gracilis L.B. Sm. =Brewcaria reflexa
Navia grafii Steyerm. & B. Holst =Navia phelpsiae
Navia hechtioides L.B. Sm. =Brewcaria hechtioides
Navia hohenbergioides L.B. Sm. =Brewcaria hohenbergioides
Navia iosothrix L.B. Sm. & Steyerm. =Navia nubicola
Navia lopezii L.B. Sm. (Xyridaceae) =Aratitiyopea lopezii
Navia pedemontana L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Navia nubicola
Navia ? platyphylla L.B. Sm. & Steyerm. =Steyerbromelia ramosa
Navia plowmanii L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Steyerbromelia plowmanii
Navia ramosa L.B. Sm. =Steyerbromelia ramosa
Navia reflexa L.B. Sm. =Brewcaria reflexa
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Navia thomasii L.B. Sm., Steyerm. & H. Rob. =Steyerbromelia thomasii
Nidularium myrmecophilum Ule ex G. Karst. & Schenck =Neoregelia myrmecophila
Pepinia agavifolia (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia agavifolia
Pepinia armata (Maury) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia armata
Pepinia breweri (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia armata
Pepinia bulbosa (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia bulbosa
Pepinia caricifolia (Mart. ex Schult. f.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Pepinia ctenophylla (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia ctenophylla
Pepinia epiphytica (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia epiphytica
Pepinia filispina (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia filispina
Pepinia geyskesii (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia geyskesii
Pepinia incarnata (Baker) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia incarnata
Pepinia juncoides (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia juncoides
Pepinia kunhardtiana (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia kunhardtiana
Pepinia leopoldii W. Till & S. Till =Pitcairnia leopoldii
Pepinia maguirei (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia maguirei
Pepinia nuda (Baker) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia nuda
Pepinia patentiflora (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia patentiflora
Pepinia pruinosa (Kunth) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia pruinosa
Pepinia rubiginosa (Brongn.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia rubiginosa
Pepinia sprucei (Baker) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia sprucei
Pepinia uaupensis (Baker) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia uaupensis
Pepinia wurdackii (L.B. Sm.) G.S. Varad. & Gilmartin =Pitcairnia bulbosa
Phytarrhiza monadelpha E. Morren =Tillandsia monadelpha
Pitcairnia amazonica Baker =Pitcairnia rubignosa var. amazonica
Pitcairnia breweri L.B. Sm. =Pitcairnia armata
Pitcairnia cinerea L.B. Sm. =Pitcairnia armata
Pitcairnia kegeliana Schltdl. =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Pitcairnia nuda auct. non Baker: sensu L.B. Sm. & R.J. Downs =Pitcairnia patentiflora var. patentiflora
Pitcairnia pauciflora Baker =Pitcairnia caricifolia
Pitcairnia viridiflora Regel =Werauhia viridiflora
Pitcairnia wurdackii L.B. Sm. =Pitcairnia bulbosa
Platyaechmea chantinii (CarriPre) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea chantinii
Platyaechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea contracta
Platyaechmea tillandsioides (Mart. ex Schult. f.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea tillandsioides
Pogospermum berteronianum (Schult. f.) Brongn. =Catopsis berteroniana
Pothuava nudicaulis (L.) Regel =Aechmea nudicaulis
Pothuava nudicaulis var. cuspidata (Baker) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress =Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata
Pourretia floccosa Linden =Puya floccosa
Puya augustae (M.R. Schomb.) Mez =Connellia augustae
Puya guianensis Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum] =Puya floccosa var. floccosa
Puya guyanensis Baker =Puya floccosa var. floccosa
Puya heterophylla Lindl. =Pitcairnia heterophylla
Puya maidifolia E. Morren =Pitcairnia maidifolia
Puya phelpsiae L.B. Sm. =Pitcairnia phelpsiae
Puya quelchii (N.E. Br.) L.B. Sm. =Connellia quelchii
Puya roraimae Mez =Connellia quelchii
Quesnelia lamarckii Baker (Musaceae)[cultivated only] =Musa coccinea Andrews
Schlumbergeria roezli E. Morren =Guzmania roezlii
Steyerbromelia neblinae B. Holst =Steyerbromelia plowmanii
Streptocalyx angustifolius Mez =Aechmea longifolia
Streptocalyx longifolius (Rudge) Baker =Aechmea longifolia
Streptocalyx poeppigii Beer =Aechmea beeriana
Streptocalyx poitaei Baker =Aechmea poitaei
Thecophyllum splitgerberi (Mez) Pittendr. =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Thecophyllum squarrosum Mez & Sodiro =Guzmania squarrosa
Tillandsia abysmophila L.B. Sm. & Steyerm. =Tillandsia confinis
Tillandsia aloifolia Hook. =Tillandsia flexuosa
Tillandsia amazonica Baker =Werauhia gigantea
Tillandsia appuniana Baker =Vriesea splendens var. splendens
Tillandsia archeri L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia turneri
Tillandsia aurantiaca Griseb. =Racinaea tetrantha var. aurantiaca
Tillandsia berteroniana Schult. f. =Catopsis berteroniana
Tillandsia bromeliaefolia Rudge =Aechmea bromeliifolia
Tillandsia capituligera Griseb. =Mezobromelia capituligera
81
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tillandsia caracasana Baker =Tillandsia compacta var. compacta
Tillandsia caribaea L.B. Sm. =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Tillandsia chinchucuana Harms =Racinaea spiculosa var. micrantha
Tillandsia compressa Bertero [not in flora area]
Tillandsia conspersa Miq. =Tillandsia stricta
Tillandsia crinita Willd. ex Beer =Tillandsia usneoides
Tillandsia dactylifera E. Morren ex Baker =Vriesea incurva
Tillandsia deppeana var. clavigera (Mez) L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia clavigera
Tillandsia deppeana var. latifolia (Griseb.) L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia fendleri var. fendleri
Tillandsia deppeana var. reducta (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia fendleri var. reducta
Tillandsia duidae L.B. Sm. =Vriesea duidae
Tillandsia excelsa var. latifolia Griseb. =Tillandsia fendleri var. fendleri
Tillandsia fendleri (Baker) Mez =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Tillandsia ferruginascens Mez [nom. inval.] =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Tillandsia flexuosa var. vivipara André =Tillandsia flexuosa
Tillandsia fulgens (Klotzsch ex Beer) Mez =Racinaea tetrantha var. aurantiaca
Tillandsia gigantea Mart. ex Schult. f. =Werauhia gigantea
Tillandsia graminifolia Baker =Tillandsia monadelpha
Tillandsia gymnophylla Baker =Guzmania monostachia var. monostachia
Tillandsia heliconioides Kunth =Vriesea heliconioides
Tillandsia heliconioides auct. non Kunth: sensu Griseb. =Guzmania monostachia var. monostachia
Tillandsia incurva Griseb. =Vriesea incurva
Tillandsia jenmanii Baker =Racinaea jenmanii
Tillandsia lineatifolia Mez =Tillandsia anceps
Tillandsia lingulata L. =Guzmania lingulata
Tillandsia micrantha Baker =Racinaea spiculosa var. micrantha
Tillandsia multifolia Mez =Tillandsia turneri var. orientalis
Tillandsia pachychlamys Mez =Werauhia gladioliflora
Tillandsia paniculata ß fendleri (Griseb.) Mez =Tillandsia fendleri
Tillandsia parkeri Baker =Racinaea spiculosa var. spiculosa
Tillandsia parviflora auct. non Ruiz & Pav. 1802: sensu Griseb. =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Tillandsia patens Willd. ex Schult. f. =Tillandsia flexuosa
Tillandsia pleiosticha Griseb. =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Tillandsia procera Mart. ex Schult. f. =Vriesea procera
Tillandsia pulchella Hook. =Tillandsia tenuifolia
Tillandsia pulchella var. surinamensis Mez =Tillandsia tenuifolia
Tillandsia pumila Griseb. =Tillandsia bulbosa
Tillandsia punctulata Cham. & Schltdl. [not in flora area]
Tillandsia rhodocincta Baker =Tillandsia turneri var. orientalis
Tillandsia rhododactyla Mez =Vriesea rubra
Tillandsia rigidula Baker =Guzmania roezlii
Tillandsia rubra Ruiz & Pav. =Vriesea rubra
Tillandsia rubra var. fendleri (Griseb.) Mez =Tillandsia fendleri
Tillandsia rubra var. reducta L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia fendleri var. reducta
Tillandsia sessiliflora Ruiz & Pav. =Catopsis sessiliflora
Tillandsia simplex Vell. =Vriesea simplex
Tillandsia spiculosa var. micrantha (Baker) L.B. Sm. =Racinaea spiculosa var. micrantha
Tillandsia spiculosa var. spiculosa =Racinaea spiculosa var. spiculosa
Tillandsia spiculosa var. stenoglossa (L.B. Sm.) Gouda =Racinaea spiculosa var. stenoglossa
Tillandsia splendens Brongn. =Vriesea splendens
Tillandsia stenoglossa L.B. Sm. =Racinaea spiculosa var. stenoglossa
Tillandsia subimbricata Baker =Tillandsia elongata var. subimbricata
Tillandsia surinamensis Miq. ex Mez =Tillandsia tenuifolia
Tillandsia tenuifolia var. surinamensis (Mez) L.B. Sm. =Tillandsia tenuifolia
Tillandsia tetrantha var. aurantiaca (Griseb.) L.B. Sm. =Racinaea tetrantha var. aurantiaca
Tillandsia tetrantha var. caribaea (L.B. Sm.) Gouda =Racinaea tetrantha var. caribaea
Tillandsia trichoides Kunth =Tillandsia usneoides
Tillandsia usneoides var. filiformis (André) Mez =Tillandsia usneoides
Tillandsia vestita Schltdl. & Cham. =Tillandsia schiedeana
Tillandsia viscidula Britton =Vriesea procera
Tillandsia xiphostachys Griseb. =Tillandsia anceps
Tussacia fulgens Klotzsch ex Beer =Racinaea tetrantha var. aurantiaca
Vriesea amazonica (Baker) Mez =Werauhia gigantea
Vriesea capituligera (Griseb.) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr. =Mezobromelia capituligera
Vriesea gigantea (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Mez =Werauhia gigantea
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
83
Vriesea gladioliflora (H. Wendl.) Antoine =Werauhia gladioliflora
Vriesea heliconioides var. polysticha L.B. Sm. =Vriesea heliconioides
Vriesea heterandra (André) L.B. Sm. [misident. of possibly non-Guianan material]
Vriesea hygrometrica (André) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr. =Werauhia hygrometrica
Vriesea pachychlamys Mez =Werauhia gladioliflora
Vriesea pleiosticha (Griseb.) Gouda =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Vriesea ringens (Griseb.) Mez =Werauhia ringens
Vriesea splitgerberi (Mez) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr. =Mezobromelia pleiosticha
Vriesea viridiflora (Regel) Wittm. ex Mez =Werauhia viridiflora
Wittmackia lingulata (L.) Mez =Aechmea lingulata
Wittmackia odora Mez =Aechmea lingulata
REFERENCES
Grant, J.R. 1995. The resurrection of Alcantarea and Werauhia, a new genus. Tropische und subtropische Pflanzenwelt 91: 1-59.
Gouda, E.J. 1987. Bromeliaceae, subfamily Tillandsioideae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 3: 1-112.
Gouda, E. 1997. Bromeliaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 215-232.
Holst, B.K. 1994. Checklist of Venezuelan Bromeliaceae with notes on species distribution by state and levels of endemism.
Selbyana 15(1): 132-149.
Holst, B.K. 1997. Bromeliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 548-676.
Kramer, K.U. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Bromeliaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of
Suriname 1(2): 413-414.
Smith, L.B. 1957. Bromeliaceae. In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 94-148.
Smith, L.B. 1967. Bromeliaceae of the Guayana Highland. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 14(3): 15-68.
Smith, L.B. 1971. Bromeliaceae. Flora of Venezuela 12(1): 1-361
Smith, L.B. 1986. Revision of the Guayana Highland Bromeliaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73(4): 689-721.
Smith, L.B. & R.J. Downs. 1974. Pitcairnioideae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 14, part 1: 1-658.
Smith, L.B. & R.J. Downs. 1977. Tillandsioideae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 14, part 2: 663-1492.
Smith, L.B. & R.J. Downs. 1979. Bromelioideae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 14, part 3: 1493-2142.
BURMANNIACEAE
P.J.M. Maas, H. Maas
Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small
Burmannia bicolor Mart.
Burmannia capitata (Walter ex J.F. Gmel.) Mart.
Burmannia compacta Maas & H. Maas
Burmannia dasyantha Mart.
Burmannia flava Mart.
Burmannia foliosa Gleason
Burmannia kalbreyeri Oliv.
Burmannia polygaloides Schltr.
Burmannia sanariapoana Steyerm.
Burmannia tenella Benth.
Campylosiphon purpurascens Benth.
Cymbocarpa saccata Sandwith
Dictyostega orobanchoides (Hook.) Miers
Dictyostega orobanchoides subsp. orobanchoides
Dictyostega orobanchoides subsp. parviflora (Benth.) Snelders & Maas
Gymnosiphon brachycephalus Snelders & Maas
Gymnosiphon breviflorus Gleason
Gymnosiphon capitatus (Benth.) Urb.
Gymnosiphon cymosus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.
Gymnosiphon divaricatus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.
Gymnosiphon fimbriatus (Benth.) Urb.
Gymnosiphon guianensis Gleason
Gymnosiphon minutus Snelders & Maas
Gymnosiphon recurvatus Snelders & Maas
Gymnosiphon suaveolens (H. Karst.) Urb.
Gymnosiphon tenellus (Benth.) Urb.
Hexapterella gentianoides Urb.
Hexapterella steyermarkii Maas & H. Maas
Miersiella umbellata (Miers) Urb.
Thismia saülensis H. Maas & Maas
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
FG
FG
84
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Apteria aphylla var. hymenanthera (Miq.) Jonker =Apteria aphylla
Apteria gracillima Sagot [nomen nudum] =Apteria aphylla
Apteria hymenanthera Miq. =Apteria aphylla
Apteria orobanchoides Hook. =Dictyostega orobanchoides
Benitzia suaveolens H. Karst. =Gymnosiphon suaveolens
Burmannia brachyphylla Willd. ex Schult. & Schult. f. =Burmannia bicolor
Burmannia brachystachya Miq. =Burmannia bicolor
Burmannia bracteosa Gleason =Burmannia capitata
Burmannia carrenoi Steyerm. =Burmannia kalbreyeri
Burmannia foliosa subsp. marahuacensis Maguire & Steyerm. =Burmannia foliosa
Dictyostega schomburgkii Miers =Dictyostega orobanchoides subsp. orobanchoides
Dictyostega schomburgkii var. parviflora Benth. =Dictyostega orobanchoides subsp. parviflora
Dictyostega umbellata Miers =Miersiella umbellata
Gymnosiphon altsoni Gleason =Hexapterella gentianoides
Gymnosiphon arcuatus Urb. =Gymnosiphon divaricatus
Gymnosiphon cornutus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. =Gymnosiphon divaricatus
Miersiella aristata Sandwith =Miersiella umbellata
Ptychomeria cymosa Benth. =Gymnosiphon cymosus
Ptychomeria divaricata Benth. =Gymnosiphon divaricatus
Ptychomeria fimbriata Benth. =Gymnosiphon fimbriatus
Ptychomeria tenella Benth. =Gymnosiphon tenellus
Vogelia capitata Walter ex J.F. Gmel. =Burmannia capitata
REFERENCES
Jonker, F.P. 1938. Burmanniaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 176-187.
Jonker, F.P. 1968. Burmanniaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 321-325.
Maas, P.J.M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H.C.M. Snelders, & T. Rübsamen. 1986. Burmanniaceae. Flora Neotropica
Monogr. 42: 1-189.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1989. Burmanniaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 6: 1-43.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1987. A new Thismia (Burmanniaceae) from French Guiana. Brittonia 39(3): 376-378.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1997. Bromeliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 3: 678-688.
Maas-van de Kamer, H. & P. Maas. 1997. Burmanniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 232-237.
CANNACEAE
P.J.M. Maas, B.A. Stein
Canna glauca L.
Canna indica L. [naturalized?]
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Canna angustifolia L. =Canna glauca
Canna coccinea Mill. =Canna indica
Canna formosa Bouché =Canna indica
Canna heliconiifolia Bouché =Canna indica
Canna lambertii Lindl. =Canna indica
Canna pallida Roscoe =Canna indica
Canna surinamensis Bouché =Canna indica
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
REFERENCES
Maas, P.J.M. 1979. Cannaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 412-415.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Cannaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 1: 69-73.
Maas, P. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1997. Cannaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 237.
Miller, J.S. 1998. Cannaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 130-131.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
85
COMMELINACEAE
P.E. Berry, R. Faden
Aneilema brasiliense C.B. Clarke
Aneilema umbrosum (Vahl) Kunth
Aneilema umbrosum subsp. ovato-oblongum (P. Beauv.) J.K. Morton
Buforrestia candolleana C.B. Clarke
Callisia filiformis (M. Martens & Galeotti) D.R. Hunt
Callisia repens L.
Commelina benghalensis L. [naturalized]
Commelina caroliniana Walter
Commelina diffusa Burm. f.
Commelina erecta L.
Commelina obliqua Vahl
Commelina platyphylla Klotzsch ex C.B. Clarke
Commelina rufipes Seub.
Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt
Commelina rufipes var. rufipes
Commelina schomburgkiana Klotzsch
Dichorisandra diederichsanae Steyerm.
Dichorisandra hexandra (Aubl.) Standl.
Dichorisandra sp. nov. [Saül, Central French Guiana]
Dichorisandra villosula Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f.
Floscopa peruviana Hassk. ex C.B. Clarke
Gibasis geniculata (Jacq.) Rohweder
Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan
Murdannia schomburgkiana (Kunth) Brückn.
Tinantia umbellata (Vahl) Urb.
Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw.
Tradescantia zebrina hort. ex Bosse
Tripogandra glandulosa (Seub.) Rohweder
Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aneilema geniculata (Jacq.) Woodson =Gibasis geniculata
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
FG
FG
FG
DA
Aneilema ovato-oblongum P. Beauv. =Aneilema umbrosum subsp. ovato-oblongum
Athyrocarpus persicariifolius (DC.) Hemsl. =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Athyrocarpus rufipes (Seub.) Standl. =Commelina rufipes var. rufipes
Campelia zanonia (L.) Kunth =Tradescantia zanonia
Commelina cayennensis Rich. =Commelina diffusa
Commelina elegans Kunth =Commelina erecta
Commelina hexandra Aubl. =Dichorisandra hexandra
Commelina longicaulis Jacq. =Commelina diffusa
Commelina nudiflora L. =Murdannia nudiflora
Commelina nudiflora auct. non L.: sensu Burm. f. =Commelina diffusa
Commelina persicariaefolia auct. non Delile =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Commelina serrulata Vahl =Tripogandra serrulata
Commelina umbrosa Vahl =Aneilema umbrosum
Commelina virginica L. [not in flora area]
Commelina zanonia L. =Tradescantia zanonia
Commelinopsis glabrata D.R. Hunt =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Commelinopsis persicariifolia (DC.) Pichon =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Commelinopsis persicariifolium auct. non (Delile) Pichon =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Dichorisandra aubletiana Schult. & Schult. f. =Dichorisandra hexandra
Dichorisandra incurva Roem. & Schult. [not in flora area]
Dichorisandra leucophthalmos Hook. [not in flora area]
Leptorhoeo filiformis (M. Martens & Galeotti) C.B. Clarke =Callisia filiformis
Phaeosphaerion persicariifolium auct. non (Delile) C.B. Clarke =Commelina rufipes var. glabrata
Rhoeo discolor (L’Hér.) Hance ex Walp. [cultivated only] =Tradescantia spathacea Sw.
Tinantia erecta (Jacq.) Schltdl. [not in flora area]
Tradescantia elongata G. Mey. [not in flora area]
GU
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tradescantia filiformis M. Martens & Galeotti =Callisia filiformis
Tradescantia geniculata Jacq. =Gibasis geniculata
Tradescantia glandulosa Seub. =Tripogandra glandulosa
Tradescantia umbellata Vahl =Tinantia umbellata
REFERENCES
Aristeguieta, L. 1965. Notas sobre la familia Commelinaceae en Venezuela. Bol. Acad. Cienc. Físicas, Matemáticas y Naturales
25(69): 94-142.
Berry, P.E. 1998. Commelinaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 353-365.
Gracie, C. 1997. Commelinaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 237-243.
Uittien, H. 1938. Commelinaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 197-212.
COSTACEAE
H. Maas, P.J M. Maas
Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr.
Costus arabicus L.
Costus claviger Benoist
Costus comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe
Costus comosus var. bakeri (K. Schum.) Maas
Costus congestiflorus Rich. ex Gagnep.
Costus curcumoides Maas
Costus erythrothyrsus Loes.
Costus guanaiensis Rusby
Costus guanaiensis var. macrostrobilus (K. Schum.) Maas
Costus lanceolatus Petersen
Costus lanceolatus subsp. pulchriflorus (Ducke) Maas
Costus lasius Loes.
Costus lima K. Schum.
Costus longebracteolatus Maas
Costus scaber Ruiz & Pav.
Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe
Costus spiralis var. spiralis
Costus spiralis var. villosus Maas
Costus villosissimus Jacq.
Dimerocostus strobilaceus Kuntze
Dimerocostus strobilaceus subsp. gutierrezii (Kuntze) Maas
Dimerocostus strobilaceus subsp. strobilaceus
AM
BO
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Costus bracteatus Gleason =Costus claviger
Costus ciliatus Miq. =Costus scaber
Costus congestiflorus var. glabrior K. Schum. =Costus congestiflorus
Costus cylindricus auct. non Jacq. =Costus scaber
Costus cylindricus var. ciliatus (Miq.) Petersen =Costus scaber
Costus discolor Roscoe =Costus arabicus
Costus guianicus Loes. =Costus claviger
Costus macrostrobilus K. Schum. =Costus guanaiensis var. macrostrobilus
Costus niveus G. Mey. =Costus arabicus
Costus pulchriflorus Ducke =Costus lanceolatus subsp. pulchriflorus
Costus ramosus Woodson =Costus arabicus
Costus scaberulus Rich. ex Gagnep. =Costus scaber
Dimerocostus gutierrezii Kuntze =Dimerocostus strobilaceus subsp. gutierrezii
REFERENCES
Maas, H. & P.J.M. Maas. 1997. Costaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4:
424-430.
Maas, P.J.M. 1972. Costoideae (Zingiberaceae). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 8: 1-140.
Maas, P.J.M. 1977. Costoideae (additions). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 18: 162-218.
Maas, P.J.M. 1979. Zingiberaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 416-441.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Zingiberaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 1: 29-67.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
87
Maas, P. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1997. Costaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 243-244.
CYCLANTHACEAE
R. Eriksson, G. Harling
Asplundia brachyphylla Harling
Asplundia fanshawei (Maguire) Harling
Asplundia flavovaginata Harling
Asplundia glandulosa (Gleason) Harling
Asplundia gleasonii Harling
Asplundia guianensis Harling
Asplundia heteranthera Harling
Asplundia luetzelburgii Harling
Asplundia maguirei Harling
Asplundia moritziana (Klotzsch) Harling
Asplundia neblinae Harling
Asplundia nilssonii Harling
Asplundia vaupesiana Harling
Asplundia venezuelensis Harling
Asplundia xiphophylla Harling
Carludovica palmata Ruiz & Pav.
Cyclanthus bipartitus Poit.
Dicranopygium angustissimum (Sandwith) Harling
Dicranopygium bolivarense Harling
Dicranopygium imeriense Harling
Dicranopygium nanum (Gleason) Harling
Dicranopygium omichlophilum R.E. Schult. ex Harling
Dicranopygium pygmaeum (Gleason) Harling
Dicranopygium pygmaeum subsp. fimbriatum (Maguire) Harling
Dicranopygium pygmaeum subsp. pygmaeum
Dicranopygium robustum Harling
Dicranopygium yacu-sisa Harling
Evodianthus funifer (Poit.) Lindm.
Evodianthus funifer subsp. funifer
Evodianthus funifer subsp. trailianus (Drude) Harling
Ludovia lancifolia Brongn.
Sphaeradenia amazonica Harling
Sphaeradenia duidae Harling
Sphaeradenia lemaënsis Harling
Stelestylis stylaris (Gleason) Harling
Stelestylis surinamensis Harling
Thoracocarpus bissectus (Vell.) Harling
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG?
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
SU
SU
FG?
FG
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Carludovica acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling [not in flora area]
Carludovica angustissima Sandwith =Dicranopygium angustissimum
Carludovica bracteosa Gleason =Thoracocarpus bissectus
Carludovica coronata Gleason =Evodianthus funifer subsp. funifer
Carludovica disticha Neum. <<Poit.?>> =Ludovia lancifolia
Carludovica fanshawei Maguire =Asplundia fanshawei
Carludovica fimbriata Maguire =Dicranopygium pygmaeum subsp. fimbriatum
Carludovica glandulosa Gleason =Asplundia glandulosa
Carludovica kegeliana Lem. =Thoracocarpus bissectus
Carludovica latifrons Drude [not in flora area] =Asplundia latifrons (Drude) Harling
Carludovica moritziana Klotzsch =Asplundia moritziana
Carludovica nana Gleason =Dicranopygium nanum
Carludovica pygmaea Gleason =Dicranopygium pygmaeum
Carludovica sarmentosa Sagot ex Drude =Thoracocarpus bissectus
Carludovica stylaris Gleason =Stelestylis stylaris
Cyclanthus bipartitus var. gracilis Drude =Cyclanthus bipartitus
Cyclanthus cristatus Klotzsch =Cyclanthus bipartitus
Cyclanthus plumieri Poit. =Cyclanthus bipartitus
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
88
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ludovia crenifolia Drude =Ludovia lancifolia
Ludovia funifera Poit. =Evodianthus funifer
Sphaeradenia maguirei Harling =Sphaeradenia duidae
Sphaeradenia rubescens Harling =Sphaeradenia duidae
REFERENCES
Harling, G. 1958. Monograph of the Cyclanthaceae. Acta Horti Berg. 18: 1-428.
Harling, G. 1972. Cyclanthaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 9. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 23: 1-832.
Harling, G. & R. Eriksson. 1998. Cyclanthaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
4: 471-486.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Cyclanthaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 244-249.
CYPERACEAE
K. Camelbeke, P. Goetghebeur, M.S. González-Elizondo, D.M. Kearns, R. Kral, A.A. Reznicek,
D.A. Simpson, M.T. Strong, W. W. Thomas, G.C. Tucker
Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral
Ascolepis brasiliensis (Kunth) Benth. ex C.B. Clarke
Becquerelia cymosa Brongn.
Becquerelia cymosa subsp. cymosa
Becquerelia cymosa subsp. merkeliana (Nees) T. Koyama
Becquerelia tuberculata (Böck.) H. Pfeiff.
Bisboeckelera irrigua (Nees) Kuntze
Bisboeckelera longifolia (Rudge) Kuntze
Bisboeckelera microcephala (Böck.) T. Koyama
Bulbostylis aturensis (Maury) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth ex C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis capillaris var. capillaris
Bulbostylis capillaris var. major Uittien
Bulbostylis circinata (Nees) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis conifera (Kunth) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis fasciculata Uittien
Bulbostylis fluviatilis Kral & Davidse
Bulbostylis hispidula (Vahl) R. Haines
Bulbostylis junciformis (Kunth) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) Kük. ex Osten
Bulbostylis lanata (Kunth) C.B. Clarke [nom. cons]
Bulbostylis leucostachya (Kunth) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis medusae Camelbeke, Goetgh. & O. Huber, sp. nov. ined. [B.
sp “A” in FVG]
Bulbostylis paradoxa (Spreng.) Lindm.
Bulbostylis schomburgkiana (Steud.) M.T. Strong [type erroneously reported
from Guyana]
Bulbostylis stenocarpa Kük.
Bulbostylis surinamensis Uittien
Bulbostylis svensoniana Steyerm.
Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) J.F. Macbr.
Bulbostylis truncata (Nees) M.T. Strong [expected in FG]
Bulbostylis vestita (Kunth) C.B. Clarke
Bulbostylis vestita var. glabrescens Böck.
Bulbostylis vestita var. vestita
Calyptrocarya bicolor (H. Pfeiff.) T. Koyama
Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.
Calyptrocarya luzuliformis T. Koyama
Calyptrocarya monocephala Hochst. ex Steud.
Calyptrocarya poeppigiana Kunth [records may be referable to another
species]
Carex bonplandii Kunth
Carex jamesonii Boott
Carex marahuacana Reznicek
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
BO
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Carex neblinensis Reznicek
Carex polystachya Sw. ex Wahlenb.
Carex porrecta Reznicek & Camelbeke
Carex roraimensis Steyerm.
Carex tamana Steyerm.
Cephalocarpus confertus Gilly
Cephalocarpus dracaenula Nees
Cephalocarpus lineariifolius Gilly
Cephalocarpus obovoideus T. Koyama
Cephalocarpus rigidus Gilly ex Gleason & Killip
Cladium costatum Steyerm. [Mt. Roraima]
Cladium mariscus Pohl
Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl.
Cyperus altsonii Kük.
Cyperus amabilis Vahl
Cyperus articulatus L.
Cyperus articulatus var. articulatus
Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus (Willd.) Kük.
Cyperus bipartitus Torr.
Cyperus camphoratus Liebm.
Cyperus capillifolius A. Rich.
Cyperus chlorocephalus (C.B. Clarke) Kük.
Cyperus comosus Poir.
Cyperus compressus L.
Cyperus cornelii-ostenii Kük.
Cyperus croceus Vahl
Cyperus cuspidatus Kunth
Cyperus difformis L.
Cyperus digitatus Roxb.
Cyperus distans L. f.
Cyperus drummondii Torr. & Hook.
Cyperus elegans L.
Cyperus eragrostis Lam.
Cyperus esculentus L.
Cyperus esculentus var. leptostachyus Böck.
Cyperus felipponei Kük.
Cyperus filifolius Willd. ex Kunth
Cyperus filiformis Sw.
Cyperus flavescens L.
Cyperus flavicomus Michx.
Cyperus fugax Liebm.
Cyperus gardneri Nees
Cyperus gayi (C.B. Clarke) Kük.
Cyperus giganteus Vahl
Cyperus grandisimplex C.B. Clarke
Cyperus guianensis (C.B. Clarke) Kük.
Cyperus haspan L. [subsp. haspan?]
Cyperus haspan subsp. juncoides (Lam.) Kük.
Cyperus haspan var. riparius (Nees) Kük.
Cyperus hayesii (C.B. Clarke) Standl.
Cyperus hermaphroditus (Jacq.) Standl.
Cyperus hoppiifolius Uittien
Cyperus imbricatus Retz.
Cyperus imbricatus var. elongatus (Böck.) Kük.
Cyperus imbricatus Retz. var. imbricatus
Cyperus involucratus Rottb. [escaped from cultivation]
Cyperus iria L. [introduced]
Cyperus kappleri Hochst. ex Steud.
Cyperus laxus Lam.
Cyperus ligularis L.
Cyperus luzulae (L.) Rottb. ex Retz.
Cyperus megapotamicus Kunth
Cyperus meridionalis Barros
Cyperus meyenianus Kunth
89
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU?
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
SU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
DA
GU
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
BO
BO
DA
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
90
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cyperus miliifolius Poepp. & Kunth
Cyperus mutisii (Kunth) Griseb.
Cyperus odoratus L.
Cyperus oxylepis Nees ex Steud.
Cyperus polystachyos Rottb.
Cyperus procerus Rottb.
Cyperus prolixus Kunth
Cyperus pseudodistans Uittien
Cyperus pumilus L.
Cyperus reflexus Vahl
Cyperus rotundus L.
Cyperus schomburgkianus Nees
Cyperus simplex Kunth
Cyperus sphacelatus Rottb.
Cyperus subumbellatus Kük.
Cyperus surinamensis Rottb. [var. surinamensis?]
Cyperus surinamensis var. lutescens Böck.
Cyperus swartzii (A. Dietr.) Böck. & Kük.
Cyperus tenuis Sw.
Cyperus tenuispica Steud. [sparingly naturalized Asian species]
Cyperus thyrsiflorus Jungh.
Cyperus trailii C.B. Clarke
Cyperus unicolor Böck.
Cyperus unioloides R. Br.
Cyperus virens Michx.
Didymiandrum stellatum (Böck.) Gilly
Diplacrum africanum (Benth.) C.B. Clarke
Diplacrum capitatum (Willd.) Böck.
Diplacrum guianense (Nees) T. Koyama
Diplasia karatifolia Rich.
Egleria fluctuans L.T. Eiten
Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult.
Eleocharis alveolatoides S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis amazonica C.B. Clarke
Eleocharis atrospiculata S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis ayacuchensis S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis capillacea Kunth
Eleocharis debilis Kunth [f. anomala S. González & Reznicek, found only in
Amazonas Territory in the flora area]
Eleocharis eglerioides S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis elegans (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis filiculmis Kunth
Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urb.
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis cf. glauca Böck.
Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis jelskiana Böck.
Eleocharis liesneri S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis maculosa (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis minima Kunth [var. minima?]
Eleocharis minima var. bicolor (Chapm.) Svenson
Eleocharis minima var. minima
Eleocharis cf. minima ‘A’
Eleocharis cf. minima ‘B’
Eleocharis cf. minima ‘C’
Eleocharis mitrata (Griseb.) C.B. Clarke
Eleocharis montana (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis mutata (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Eleocharis nana Kunth
Eleocharis nigrescens (Nees) Steud.
Eleocharis aff. nigrescens ‘A’
Eleocharis aff. nigrescens ‘B’
Eleocharis pachystyla (C. Wright) C.B. Clarke
Eleocharis plicarhachis (Griseb.) Svenson [expected in Venezuelan Guayana]
AM
BO
AM
BO
DA
DA
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG?
FG
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
DA
AM
AM
SU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
FG?
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Eleocharis retroflexa (Poir.) Urb.
Eleocharis sellowiana Kunth
Eleocharis sp. A
Eleocharis sp. B [Eleocharis retroflexa complex]
Eleocharis sp. C
Eleocharis squamigera Svenson
Eleocharis squamigera subsp. straminea S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis steyermarkii S. González & Reznicek
Eleocharis subfoliata C.B. Clarke
Eleocharis venezuelensis S. González & Reznicek
Everardia angusta N.E. Br.
Everardia debilis T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia diffusa T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia disticha T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia flexifolia (Gilly) T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia lanata T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia longifolia Gilly ex Gleason & Killip
Everardia maguireana T. Koyama [Sierra de la Neblina]
Everardia montana Ridl. ex Thurn
Everardia montana subsp. duidae (Gilly) T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia montana subsp. glaucifolia (Gilly) T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia montana subsp. guaiquinimae (Schnee) T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia montana subsp. montana
Everardia montana subsp. ptariensis (Gilly) T. Koyama & Maguire
Everardia montana subsp. velutina T. Koyama
Everardia recurvigluma T. Koyama & Maguire [Mt. Roraima]
Everardia surinamensis Gilly
Everardia vareschii Maguire
Exochogyne amazonica C.B. Clarke
Exochogyne megalorrhyncha Tutin
Fimbristylis aestivalis (Retz.) Vahl
Fimbristylis annua (All.) Roem. & Schult.
Fimbristylis aspera Böck.
Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) Link
Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br.
Fimbristylis decipiens Kral
Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl
Fimbristylis dipsacea (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke
Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl
Fimbristylis limosa Poepp. & Kunth
Fimbristylis littoralis Gaudich.
Fimbristylis quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth
Fimbristylis spadicea (L.) Vahl
Fimbristylis squarrosa Vahl
Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link
Fuirena robusta Kunth
Fuirena simplex Vahl
Fuirena umbellata Rottb.
Hypolytrum amplum Poepp. & Kunth
Hypolytrum jenmanii C.B. Clarke
Hypolytrum jenmanii subsp. jenmanii
Hypolytrum jenmanii subsp. serratifolium (Uittien) T. Koyama
Hypolytrum laxum Kunth
Hypolytrum leptocalamum M. Alves & W.W. Thomas
Hypolytrum longifolium (Rich.) Nees
Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. longifolium
Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. nicaraguense (Liebm.) T. Koyama
Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. rubescens (Huber ex C.B. Clarke) T. Koyama
Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. sylvaticum (Poepp. & Kunth) T. Koyama
Hypolytrum nudum C.B. Clarke
Hypolytrum pallidiceps S.S. Hooper & T. Koyama
Hypolytrum pulchrum (Rudge) H. Pfeiff.
Hypolytrum schraderianum Nees
AM
91
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU?
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
92
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hypolytrum sphaerostachyum Böck.
Hypolytrum spongiosum T. Koyama
Hypolytrum stemonifolium T. Koyama
Hypolytrum strictum Poepp. & Kunth
Koyamaea neblinensis W.W. Thomas & Davidse
Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.
Kyllinga nemoralis (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Dandy ex Hutch.
Kyllinga odorata Vahl
Kyllinga pumila Michx.
Kyllinga pungens Link
Kyllinga vaginata Lam.
Lagenocarpus celiae T. Koyama & Maguire
Lagenocarpus eriopodus T. Koyama & Maguire
Lagenocarpus glomerulatus Gilly
Lagenocarpus guianensis Lindl. & Nees ex Nees
Lagenocarpus guianensis subsp. guianensis
Lagenocarpus guianensis subsp. hypochaetus T. Koyama
Lagenocarpus pendulus T. Koyama
Lagenocarpus rigidus (Kunth) Nees
Lagenocarpus rigidus subsp. rigidus
Lagenocarpus rigidus subsp. tremulus (Nees) T. Koyama & Maguire
Lagenocarpus sabanensis Gilly
Lagenocarpus venezuelensis Davidse
Lagenocarpus verticillatus (Spreng.) T. Koyama & Maguire
Lipocarpha humboldtiana Nees
Lipocarpha mexicana Liebm.
Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) G.C. Tucker
Lipocarpha salzmanniana Steud.
Lipocarpha schomburgkii (Friedl.) G.C. Tucker
Machaerina ayangannensis M.T. Strong
Mapania assimilis T. Koyama
Mapania assimilis subsp. guianensis D.A. Simpson
Mapania aturensis D.A. Simpson
Mapania cuatrecasasii T. Koyama
Mapania effusa (C.B. Clarke) T. Koyama
Mapania imeriensis (R. Gross) T. Koyama
Mapania insignis Sandwith
Mapania macrophylla (Böck.) H. Pfeiff.
Mapania maguireana T. Koyama & Steyerm.
Mapania micrococca (T. Koyama) D.A. Simpson
Mapania neblina D.A. Simpson
Mapania paradoxa J. Raynal
Mapania pedunculata D.A. Simpson
Mapania pycnocephala (Benth.) Benth.
Mapania pycnocephala subsp. fluviatilis (Sandwith) T. Koyama
Mapania pycnocephala subsp. pycnocephala
Mapania pycnostachya (Benth.) T. Koyama
Mapania rionegrensis D.A Simpson
Mapania steyermarkii T. Koyama
Mapania surinamensis Uittien
Mapania sylvatica Aubl.
Mapania sylvatica subsp. sylvatica
Mapania tepuiana (Steyerm.) T. Koyama
Mapania theobromina D.A. Simpson
Oreobolus goeppingeri Suess.
Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Palla
Pleurostachys guianensis Uittien
Pleurostachys puberula Böck.
Remirea maritima Aubl.
Rhynchocladium steyermarkii (T. Koyama) T. Koyama
Rhynchospora agostiniana T. Koyama
Rhynchospora albescens (Miq.) Kük.
Rhynchospora albida (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora albomarginata Kük.
AM
AM
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
AM
FG
FG
FG
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
FG
SU
SU
FG
AM
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rhynchospora amazonica Poepp. & Kunth
Rhynchospora amazonica subsp. amazonica
Rhynchospora amazonica subsp. guianensis (Kük.) T. Koyama
Rhynchospora angustipaniculata M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora arenicola Uittien
Rhynchospora armerioides J. Presl & C. Presl
Rhynchospora ayangannensis M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora bakhuisensis M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora barbata (Vahl) Kunth
Rhynchospora biflora Böck.
Rhynchospora bolivarana Steyerm.
Rhynchospora brachychaeta C. Wright
Rhynchospora brasiliensis Böck.
Rhynchospora brevirostris Griseb.
Rhynchospora brownii Roem. & Schult.
Rhynchospora brownii subsp. americana Guaglianone
Rhynchospora cajennensis Böck.
Rhynchospora candida (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora capillifolia W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora capitata (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
Rhynchospora caracasana (Kunth) Böck.
Rhynchospora cariciformis Nees
Rhynchospora cephalotes (L.) Vahl
Rhynchospora chimantensis W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora ciliata (G. Mey) Kük.
Rhynchospora comata (Link) Roem. & Schult.
Rhynchospora contracta (Nees) J. Raynal
Rhynchospora cordatachenia M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britton
Rhynchospora curvula Griseb.
Rhynchospora dentinux C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora divaricata (Ham.) M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora donselaarii M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora duckei R. Gross
Rhynchospora duidae Steyerm.
Rhynchospora eburnea Kral & W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora elegantula Maury
Rhynchospora emaciata (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora exaltata Kunth
Rhynchospora exaltata var. microcephala Kük.
Rhynchospora eximia (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora fallax Uittien
Rhynchospora fascicularis (Michx.) Vahl
Rhynchospora fascicularis subsp. fascicularis
Rhynchospora filiformis Vahl
Rhynchospora gigantea Link
Rhynchospora globosa (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
Rhynchospora harperi Small
Rhynchospora hassleri C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora hieronymii Böck.
Rhynchospora hieronymii subsp. hieronymii
Rhynchospora hirsuta (Vahl) Vahl
Rhynchospora holoschoenoides (Rich.) Herter
Rhynchospora imeriensis (Kük.) W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora immensa Kük.
Rhynchospora junciformis (Kunth) Böck.
Rhynchospora lechleri Steud. ex Böck.
Rhynchospora locuples C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora longibracteata Böck.
Rhynchospora macrochaeta Steud. ex Böck.
Rhynchospora maguireana T. Koyama
Rhynchospora marisculus Nees
Rhynchospora mexicana (Liebm.) Steud.
Rhynchospora montana (Uittien) H. Pfeiff.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
93
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
94
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rhynchospora nervosa (Vahl) Böck.
Rhynchospora nitens (Vahl) A. Gray
Rhynchospora pallida (Nees) Steud.
Rhynchospora papillosa W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora pilosa (Kunth) Böck.
Rhynchospora planifolia (T. Koyama) W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora polyphylla Vahl
Rhynchospora pubera (Vahl) Böck.
Rhynchospora pubera subsp. parvula W.W. Thomas
Rhynchospora pubera subsp. pubera
Rhynchospora pubisquama M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora radicans (Schltdl. & Cham.) H. Pfeiff.
Rhynchospora radicans subsp. microcephala (Bertero ex Spreng.) W.W.
Thomas
Rhynchospora reptans (Rich.) Böck.
Rhynchospora rigidifolia (Gilly) T. Koyama
Rhynchospora riparia (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora robusta (Kunth) Böck.
Rhynchospora roraimae Kük. [Mt. Roraima]
Rhynchospora rugosa (Vahl) Gale
Rhynchospora ruiziana Böck.
Rhynchospora rupicola M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora sanariapensis Steyerm.
Rhynchospora saxisavannicola M.T. Strong
Rhynchospora schomburgkiana (Böck.) T. Koyama
Rhynchospora sp. A
Rhynchospora sp. B
Rhynchospora sp. C
Rhynchospora sp. D
Rhynchospora sp. E
Rhynchospora splendens Lindm.
Rhynchospora spruceana C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora steyermarkii T. Koyama [expected in GU]
Rhynchospora subdicephala T. Koyama
Rhynchospora sublanata Lindeman & Donsel.
Rhynchospora subplumosa C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora tenella (Nees) Böck.
Rhynchospora tenerrima Nees ex Spreng.
Rhynchospora tenuis Link
Rhynchospora tenuis subsp. austrobrasiliensis T. Koyama
Rhynchospora tenuis subsp. tenuis
Rhynchospora tepuiana Steyerm.
Rhynchospora trichochaeta C.B. Clarke
Rhynchospora trichophora Nees
Rhynchospora triflora Vahl
Rhynchospora trispicata (Nees) Schrad. ex Steud.
Rhynchospora tuerckheimii C.B. Clarke ex Kük.
Rhynchospora uniflora Böck.
Rhynchospora unisetosa T. Koyama
Rhynchospora velutina (Kunth) Böck.
Rhynchospora watsonii (Britton) Davidse
Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye
Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong
Scleria acanthocarpa Böck.
Scleria amazonica Camelbeke, M. Strong & Goetgh.
Scleria anceps Liebm.
Scleria bracteata Cav.
Scleria camaratensis Core
Scleria cerradicola T. Koyama
Scleria cyperina Willd. ex Kunth
Scleria cyperinoides C.B. Clarke
Scleria distans Poir.
Scleria eggersiana Böck.
Scleria flagellum-nigrorum P.J. Bergius
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG?
GU
BO
GU
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG?
FG?
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
DA
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Scleria hirtella Sw. [records may be referable to Scleria distans Poir.]
Scleria interrupta Rich.
Scleria lacustris C. Wright
Scleria latifolia Sw.
Scleria lindleyana C.B. Clarke
Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw.
Scleria longigluma Kük.
Scleria macrogyne C.B. Clarke
Scleria macrophylla J. Presl & C. Presl
Scleria martii (Nees) Steud.
Scleria melaleuca Rchb. ex Schltdl. & Cham.
Scleria microcarpa Nees ex Kunth
Scleria mitis P.J. Bergius
Scleria muehlenbergii Steud.
Scleria neogranatensis C.B. Clarke
Scleria parallela C.B. Clarke
Scleria pinetorum Britton
Scleria plusiophylla Steud.
Scleria purdiei C.B. Clarke
Scleria ramosa C.B. Clarke
Scleria robusta Camelbeke & Goetgh.
Scleria scabra Willd.
Scleria secans (L.) Urb.
Scleria splitgerberiana Henrard ex Uittien
Scleria staheliana Uittien
Scleria stipitata Uittien
Scleria stipularis Nees
Scleria tenacissima Steud.
Scleria tepuiensis Core
Scleria triquetra M.T. Strong
Scleria cf. vaginata Steud.
Scleria vaginata Steud.
Scleria verticillata Muhl. ex Willd.
Scleria violacea Pilg.
Trilepis kanukuensis Gilly
Uncinia hamata (Sw.) Urb.
Websteria confervoides (Poir.) S.S. Hooper
95
BO
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
FG
FG?
FG
AM
SU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
AM
BO
BO
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
SU
BO
BO
GU
GU?
GU
FG
FG
FG
SU?
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Abildgaardia monostachyos (L.) Vahl =Abildgaardia ovata
Ascolepis venezuelensis Schnee =Lipocarpha humboldtiana
Becquerelia bicolor H. Pfeiff. =Calyptrocarya bicolor
Becquerelia divaricata (Nees ex Böck.) Palla =Becquerelia cymosa subsp. merkeliana
Becquerelia glomerulata Brongn. =Calyptrocarya glomerulata
Becquerelia merkeliana Nees =Becquerelia cymosa subsp. merkeliana
Bisboeckelera angustifolia (Böck.) Kuntze =Bisboeckelera longifolia
Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla =Schoenoplectus maritimus
Bolboschoenus robustus (Pursh) Soják =Schoenoplectus robustus
Bulbostylis arenaria (Nees) Lindm. =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis argentina Palla =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis capillaris var. glabra Uittien =Bulbostylis truncata
Bulbostylis capillaris var. tenuifolia (Rudge) C.B. Clarke =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Bulbostylis fendleri C.B. Clarke =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis hirta (Thunb.) Svenson [misapplied to Bulbostylis hispidula]
Bulbostylis hirtella (Schrad. ex Schult.) Nees ex Urb. =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis juncoides var. lorentzii (Böck.) Kük. =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis langsdorffiana (Kunth) C.B. Clarke =Bulbostylis juncoides
Bulbostylis papillosa Kük. =Bulbostylis junciformis
Bulbostylis spadicea (Kunth) Kük. =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Calyptrocarya fragifera Nees ex Kunth [nomen nudum] =Calyptrocarya glomerulata
Calyptrocarya intermedia C.B. Clarke =Calyptrocarya glomerulata
Calyptrostylis ceylanica (Nees) Nees =Rhynchospora triflora
Calyptrostylis longirostris Nees =Rhynchospora amazonica subsp. guianensis
Carex hamata Sw. =Uncinia hamata
Carex hermaphrodita Jacq. =Cyperus hermaphroditus
96
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Carex ovata Burm. f. =Abildgaardia ovata
Cephalocarpus maguirei Gilly =Cephalocarpus rigidus
Cephalocarpus steyermarkii Gilly =Cephalocarpus rigidus
Cephaloschoenus ceylanicus Nees =Rhynchospora triflora
Chaetospora capitata Kunth =Rhynchospora capitata
Chaetospora globosa Kunth =Rhynchospora globosa
Chaetospora pterocarpa Kunth =Rhynchospora barbata
Cladium steyermarkii T. Koyama =Rhynchocladium steyermarkii
Cryptangium stellatum Böck. =Didymiandrum stellatum
Cyperus albomarginatus (Nees) Steud. =Cyperus flavicomus
Cyperus amabilis var. macrostachyus (Böck.) Kük. =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus amabilis var. oligostachyus (Kunth) Kük. =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus aurantiacus Kunth =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus aureus Kunth =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus aureus var. aurantiacus (Kunth) Böck. =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus aureus var. oligostachyus (Kunth) Böck. =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus aureus x macrostachyus Böck. =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Endl. ex Hassk. =Kyllinga brevifolia
Cyperus cayennensis (Lam.) Britton =Cyperus aggregatus
Cyperus chalaranthus J. Presl & C. Presl =Cyperus laxus
Cyperus corymbosus Rottb. =Cyperus articulatus
Cyperus densicaespitosus Mattf. & Kük. =Kyllinga pumila
Cyperus diffusus Vahl =Cyperus laxus
Cyperus dissitiflorus Nees ex Torr. =Cyperus thyrsiflorus
Cyperus eggersii Böck. =Cyperus odoratus
Cyperus elegans auct. non L. =Cyperus laxus
Cyperus ferax Rich. =Cyperus odoratus
Cyperus flavus (Vahl) Nees =Cyperus aggregatus
Cyperus fraternus Kunth =Cyperus reflexus
Cyperus globulosus Aubl. =Cyperus luzulae
Cyperus globulosus auct., non Aubl. =Cyperus croceus
Cyperus herndoniae G.C. Tucker =Cyperus camphoratus
Cyperus hirtus Thunb. =Bulbostylis hispidula
Cyperus huarmensis (Kunth) M.C. Johnst. =Cyperus aggregatus
Cyperus kyllingia Endl. =Kyllinga nemoralis
Cyperus macrocephalus Liebm. =Cyperus odoratus
Cyperus monostachyos L. =Abildgaardia ovata
Cyperus nodosus Willd. =Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus
Cyperus obtusatus (J. Presl & C. Presl) Mattf. & Kük. =Kyllinga pungens
Cyperus oligostachyus Kunth =Cyperus amabilis
Cyperus pedunculatus (R. Br.) Kern =Remirea maritima
Cyperus planifolius Rich. [Not in flora area]
Cyperus rivularis Kunth =Cyperus bipartitus
Cyperus ruderalis Uittien =Cyperus trailii
Cyperus sesquiflorus (Torr.) Mattf. & Kük. =Kyllinga odorata
Cyperus tolucensis Kunth =Cyperus laxus
Cyperus uncinatus Poir. [not in flora area]
Dichromena albida (Nees) Steud. =Rhynchospora albida
Dichromena brevicaulis Suess. =Rhynchospora duckei
Dichromena candida (Nees) Ridl. =Rhynchospora candida
Dichromena caracasana Kunth =Rhynchospora caracasana
Dichromena cariciformis (Nees) J.F. Macbr. =Rhynchospora cariciformis
Dichromena ciliata Vahl [nom. illeg., non Dichromena ciliata Pers. (1805)] =Rhynchospora ciliata
Dichromena ciliata var. cinnamomea Kük. =Rhynchospora ciliata
Dichromena exaltata (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. =Rhynchospora exaltata
Dichromena filiformis (Vahl) Kunth =Rhynchospora filiformis
Dichromena junciformis Kunth =Rhynchospora junciformis
Dichromena monostachya (Böck.) C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora albescens
Dichromena montana Uittien =Rhynchospora montana
Dichromena nervosa Vahl =Rhynchospora nervosa
Dichromena persooniana Nees =Rhynchospora nervosa
Dichromena pilosa Kunth =Rhynchospora pilosa
Dichromena pubera Vahl =Rhynchospora pubera
Dichromena radicans Schltdl. & Cham. =Rhynchospora radicans
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dichromena repens Vahl =Rhynchospora reptans
Dichromena rigidifolia Gilly =Rhynchospora rigidifolia
Dichromena robusta Kunth =Rhynchospora robusta
Dichromena squarrosa Willd. ex Link (Rapateaceae) =Duckea squarrosa
Dichromena tenella (Nees) Steud. =Rhynchospora tenella
Dichromena triflora (Vahl) Macbride =Rhynchospora triflora
Dichromena velutina Kunth =Rhynchospora velutina
Didymiandrum flexifolium Gilly =Everardia flexifolia
Didymiandrum guaiquinimae Schnee =Didymiandrum stellatum
Diplacrum laevissimum (Kük.) Uittien =Diplacrum guianense
Diplacrum longifolium (Griseb.) C.B. Clarke ex T. Durand & Schinz =Diplacrum capitatum
Diplacrum notopterum (Nees ex Steud.) C.B. Clarke =Diplacrum guianense
Diplasia pycnostachya Benth. =Mapania pycnostachya
Echinoschoenus beyrichii Nees =Rhynchospora exaltata
Eleocharis atropurpurea (Retz.) J. Presl & C. Presl [not in flora area]
Eleocharis bicolor Chapm. =Eleocharis minima var. bicolor
Eleocharis caribaea (Rottb.) S.F. Blake =Eleocharis geniculata
Eleocharis confervoides (Poir.) G. Tucker =Websteria confervoides
Eleocharis elata Böck. =Eleocharis plicarhachis
Eleocharis fistulosa (Poir.) Schult. [nom. superfl.] =Eleocharis acutangula
Eleocharis fistulosa (Poir.) Link [invalidly published] =Eleocharis acutangula
Eleocharis flaccida (Rchb. ex Spreng.) Urb. =Eleocharis flavescens
Eleocharis flaccida auct. non (Rchb. ex Spreng.) Urb. sensu Svenson =Eleocharis flavescens
Eleocharis homonyma Steud. =Eleocharis sellowiana
Eleocharis nodulosa (Roth) Schult. =Eleocharis montana
Eleocharis sagotii C.B. Clarke =Eleocharis jelskiana
Eleocharis sagotii var. glochidiata C.B. Clarke =Eleocharis plicarhachis
Eleocharis sellowiana var. homonyma (Steud.) H. Pfeiff. =Eleocharis sellowiana
Eleocharis sulcata Nees [nomen nudum] =Eleocharis filiculmis
Eleocharis sulcata Nees ex Böck. [nom. superfl.] =Eleocharis filiculmis
Ephippiorhynchium triflorum (Vahl) Nees =Rhynchospora triflora
Ephippiorhynchium trispicatum Nees =Rhynchospora trispicata
Everardia duidae Gilly =Everardia montana subsp. duidae
Everardia erecto-laxa T. Koyama & Maguire =Everardia angusta
Everardia glaucifolia Gilly =Everardia montana subsp. glaucifolia
Everardia gracilis Gilly =Everardia angusta
Everardia guaiquinimae Schnee =Everardia montana subsp. guaiquinimae
Everardia hitchcockii Lasser & Maguire =Everardia montana subsp. montana
Everardia montana var. pilosa Gilly =Everardia montana subsp. montana
Everardia ptariensis Gilly =Everardia montana subsp. ptariensis
Everardia revoluta Gilly =Everardia montana subsp. montana
Everardia steyermarkii Gilly =Everardia angusta
Exochogyne steyermarkii Gilly =Exochogyne amazonica
Fimbristylis annua var. diphylla (Retz.) Kük. =Fimbristylis dichotoma
Fimbristylis apus (A. Gray) S. Watson =Fimbristylis vahlii
Fimbristylis autumnalis var. complanata (Retz.) Barros =Fimbristylis complanata
Fimbristylis baldwiniana (Schult.) Torr. =Fimbristylis annua
Fimbristylis bufonia (Kunth) Alain =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Fimbristylis capillaris var. pilosa Britton =Bulbostylis juncoides
Fimbristylis chirigota (C. Wright) Alain =Bulbostylis hispidula
Fimbristylis comata Nees =Fimbristylis squarrosa
Fimbristylis congesta Torr. =Fimbristylis vahlii
Fimbristylis cymosa subsp. spathacea (Roth) T. Koyama =Fimbristylis cymosa
Fimbristylis dichotoma f. annua (All.) Owhi =Fimbristylis annua
Fimbristylis diphylla (Retz.) Vahl =Fimbristylis dichotoma
Fimbristylis divaricata Ham. =Rhynchospora divaricata
Fimbristylis frankii Steud. =Fimbristylis autumnalis
Fimbristylis glomerata (Retz.) Urb. =Fimbristylis cymosa
Fimbristylis hirta (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Fimbristylis squarrosa
Fimbristylis hirta (Thunb.) Roem. & Schult. ex Kük. [name has been misapplied to Bulbostylis hispidula] =Fimbristylis
squarrosa
Fimbristylis hispidula (Vahl) Kunth =Bulbostylis hispidula
Fimbristylis juncoides (Vahl) Alain =Bulbostylis juncoides
Fimbristylis laxa Vahl =Fimbristylis annua
97
98
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl [Guianas collections referable to F. littoralis] =Fimbristylis littoralis
Fimbristylis monostachyos (L.) Hassk. =Abildgaardia ovata
Fimbristylis obtusifolia (Vahl) Kunth =Fimbristylis cymosa
Fimbristylis ovata (Burm. f.) J. Kern =Abildgaardia ovata
Fimbristylis papillosa (Kük.) Alain =Bulbostylis junciformis
Fimbristylis polymorpha Böck. =Fimbristylis dichotoma
Fimbristylis savannarum Alain =Bulbostylis juncoides
Fimbristylis schomburgkiana Steud. =Bulbostylis schomburgkiana
Fimbristylis spadicea f. domingensis (Pers.) Kük. =Fimbristylis spadicea
Fimbristylis spathacea Roth =Fimbristylis cymosa
Fimbristylis speciosa Rohde ex Spreng. =Fimbristylis spadicea
Fimbristylis verrucosa C. Presl =Fimbristylis annua
Fimbristylis vestita (Kunth) Hemsl. =Bulbostylis vestita
Fuirena paniculata L. f. =Fuirena umbellata
Fuirena tereticulmis C. Presl =Fuirena umbellata
Fuirena verticillata Spreng. =Lagenocarpus verticillatus
Haloschoenus albidus Nees =Rhynchospora albida
Haloschoenus caracasanus (Kunth) Nees =Rhynchospora caracasana
Haloschoenus contractus Nees =Rhynchospora contracta
Haloschoenus emaciatus Nees =Rhynchospora emaciata
Haloschoenus riparius Nees =Rhynchospora riparia
Haloschoenus tenellus Nees =Rhynchospora tenella
Haplostylis mexicana Liebm. =Rhynchospora mexicana
Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Pax =Lipocarpha micrantha
Hemicarpha schomburgkii Friedl. =Lipocarpha schomburgkii
Hoppia irrigua Nees =Bisboeckelera irrigua
Hypolytrum fuscum Nees =Hypolytrum longifolium
Hypolytrum imeriense R. Gross =Mapania imeriensis
Hypolytrum irriguum Nees =Hypolytrum longifolium
Hypolytrum macrophyllum Böck. =Mapania macrophylla
Hypolytrum micranthum Böck. =Hypolytrum strictum
Hypolytrum nicaraguense Liebman =Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. nicaraguense
Hypolytrum punctatum Nees =Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. sylvaticum
Hypolytrum pycnocephalum Benth. =Mapania pycnocephala
Hypolytrum rubescens Huber ex C.B. Clarke =Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. rubescens
Hypolytrum sandwithii Gilly =Mapania imeriensis
Hypolytrum scapigerum Nees =Hypolytrum strictum
Hypolytrum sylvaticum Poepp. & Kunth =Hypolytrum longifolium subsp. sylvaticum
Hypolytrum tepuianum Steyerm. =Mapania tepuiana
Hypoporum micrococcum Liebm. =Scleria verticillata
Iria monostachya (L.) Kuntze =Abildgaardia ovata
Isolepis albescens Miq. =Rhynchospora albescens
Isolepis bufonia Kunth =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Isolepis capillaris (L.) Roem. & Schult. =Bulbostylis capillaris
Isolepis conifera Kunth =Bulbostylis conifera
Isolepis dipsacea (Rottb.) Roem. & Schult. =Fimbristylis dipsacea
Isolepis hirta Kunth =Fimbristylis squarrosa
Isolepis hirtella Schrad. ex Schult. =Bulbostylis juncoides
Isolepis humboldtii Roem. & Schult. =Lipocarpha micrantha
Isolepis junciformis Kunth =Bulbostylis junciformis
Isolepis lanata Kunth =Bulbostylis lanata
Isolepis langsdorffiana Kunth =Bulbostylis juncoides
Isolepis leucostachya Kunth =Bulbostylis leucostachya
Isolepis miliacea (L.) C. Presl =Fimbristylis littoralis
Isolepis paradoxa (Spreng.) Kunth =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Isolepis radiciflora Steud. =Bulbostylis capillaris
Isolepis vahlii (Lam.) Kunth =Fimbristylis vahlii
Isolepis vestita Kunth =Bulbostylis vestita
Isolepis willdenowii Roem. & Schult. =Fimbristylis complanata
Kyllinga cayennensis Lam. =Cyperus aggregatus
Kyllinga filiformis Sw. =Cyperus swartzii
Kyllinga monocephala Rottb., nom. illeg. =Kyllinga nemoralis
Kyllinga peruviana Lam. =Kyllinga vaginata
Kyllinga rigida Baldwin =Kyllinga vaginata
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Kyllinga sesquiflora Torr. =Kyllinga odorata
Kyllinga squarrosa Baldwin =Cyperus aggregatus
Lagenocarpus amazonicus Davidse =Lagenocarpus venezuelensis
Lagenocarpus amazonicus (C.B. Clarke) H. Pfeiff. =Exochogyne amazonica
Lagenocarpus kunthii (Miq.) Uittien =Lagenocarpus verticillatus
Lagenocarpus tremulus Nees =Lagenocarpus rigidus subsp. tremulus
Lagenocarpus weigelti (Spreng.) Uittien =Lagenocarpus verticillatus
Leptoschoenus prolifer Nees =Rhynchospora schomburgkiana
Lipocarpha maculata auct. non (Michx.) Torrey 1836: sensu neotropical =Lipocarpha mexicana
Lipocarpha sellowiana Kunth =Lipocarpha humboldtiana
Mapania fluviatilis Sandwith =Mapania pycnocephala subsp. fluviatilis
Mapaniopsis effusa C.B. Clarke =Mapania effusa
Mapaniopsis micrococca T. Koyama =Mapania micrococca
Mariscus aggregatus Willd. =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus brizaeus (Vahl) C.B. Clarke =Cyperus planifolius
Mariscus cayennensis (Lam.) Urb. =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus chlorocephalus C.B. Clarke =Cyperus chlorocephalus
Mariscus cornelii-ostenii (Kük.) T. Koyama =Cyperus cornelii-ostenii
Mariscus dissitiflorus (Torr.) C.B. Clarke =Cyperus thyrsiflorus
Mariscus elatus Kunth =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus flavus Vahl =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus flavus var. major Nees =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus gayi C.B. Clarke =Cyperus gayi
Mariscus guianensis C.B. Clarke =Cyperus guianensis
Mariscus laevis Kunth =Cyperus aggregatus
Mariscus ligularis (L.) Urb. =Cyperus ligularis
Mariscus mutisii Kunth =Cyperus mutisii
Mariscus pedunculatus (R. Br.) T. Koyama =Remirea maritima
Mariscus swartzii A. Dietr. =Cyperus swartzii
Mariscus tovarii Kunth =Cyperus hermaphroditus
Mariscus umbellatus (Rottb.) Vahl =Cyperus subumbellatus
Micropapyrus viviparoides Suess. =Rhynchospora schomburgkiana
Mitrospora cephalophora Nees =Rhynchospora exaltata
Mitrospora pallida Nees =Rhynchospora pallida
Oncostylis arenaria Nees =Bulbostylis juncoides
Oncostylis hispida Liebm. =Bulbostylis vestita
Oncostylis junciformis var. humboldtiana (Spreng.) Nees =Bulbostylis junciformis
Oncostylis paradoxa (Spreng.) Nees =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Oncostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) Nees =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Oncostylis truncata Nees =Bulbostylis truncata
Oncostylis vestita (Kunth) Nees =Bulbostylis vestita
Oreobolus obtusangulus var. rubrovaginatus Kük. =Oreobolus goeppingeri
Oreobolus obtusangulus subsp. rubrovaginatus (Kük.) T. Koyama =Oreobolus goeppingeri
Platylepis brasiliensis Kunth =Ascolepis brasiliensis
Pogonostylis squarrosus (Vahl) Bertol. =Fimbristylis squarrosa
Psilocarya candida Nees =Rhynchospora candida
Psilocarya robusta (Kunth) Nees =Rhynchospora robusta
Psilocarya rufa Nees =Rhynchospora velutina
Psilocarya velutina (Kunth) Nees =Rhynchospora velutina
Pteroscleria guianensis Nees =Diplacrum guianense
Pteroscleria longifolia Griseb. =Diplacrum capitatum
Pycreus albomarginatus Mart. & Schrad. ex Nees =Cyperus flavicomus
Pycreus capillifolius (A. Rich.) C.B. Clarke =Cyperus capillifolius
Pycreus flavescens (L.) Rchb. =Cyperus flavescens
Pycreus megapotamicus (Kunth) Nees =Cyperus megapotamicus
Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) P. Beauv. =Cyperus polystachyos
Pycreus pumilus (L.) Nees =Cyperus pumilus
Pycreus unioloides (R. Br.) Urb. =Cyperus unioloides
Rhynchospora amazonica var. guianensis Kük. =Rhynchospora amazonica subsp. guianensis
Rhynchospora aristata var. immensa (Kük.) Kük. =Rhynchospora immensa
Rhynchospora arundinacea Böck. =Rhynchospora exaltata
Rhynchospora aurea Vahl =Rhynchospora corymbosa
Rhynchospora baileyi Britton ex L.H. Bailey =Rhynchospora albomarginata
Rhynchospora beyrichii (Nees) Steud. =Rhynchospora exaltata
99
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rhynchospora borinquensis Britton =Rhynchospora marisculus
Rhynchospora buchii Urb. =Rhynchospora mexicana
Rhynchospora canaliculata Böck. =Rhynchospora riparia
Rhynchospora candida var. pilosa Schnee =Rhynchospora candida
Rhynchospora cariciformis var. trichophora (Nees) Kük. =Rhynchospora trichophora
Rhynchospora cephalophora (Nees) Steud. =Rhynchospora exaltata
Rhynchospora cephalotes var. angustifolia Uittien =Rhynchospora pubisquama
Rhynchospora cephalotes var. imeriensis Kük. =Rhynchospora imeriensis
Rhynchospora ceylanica (Nees) Kunth =Rhynchospora triflora
Rhynchospora clarkei Rose =Rhynchospora brevirostris
Rhynchospora cyperoides (Sw.) Mart. =Rhynchospora holoschoenoides
Rhynchospora denticulata Huber =Rhynchospora trichochaeta
Rhynchospora distans Vahl =Rhynchospora fascicularis
Rhynchospora elegans Kük. =Rhynchospora eximia
Rhynchospora exaltata var. ovalis Kük. =Rhynchospora exaltata
Rhynchospora fascicularis var. distans (Michx.) Chapm. [not in flora area] misidentifications =R. fascicularis subsp.
fascicularis]
Rhynchospora filifolia A. Gray [not in flora area. Identifications =R. harperi]
Rhynchospora flexuosa var. tenerrima (Böck.) Kük. =Rhynchospora tepuiana
Rhynchospora flexuosa subsp. tepuiana (Steyerm.) T. Koyama =Rhynchospora tepuiana
Rhynchospora glauca Vahl =Rhynchospora rugosa
Rhynchospora graminea Uittien =Rhynchospora spruceana
Rhynchospora guianensis Lindeman & Donsel. =Rhynchospora trispicata
Rhynchospora heterocaulis C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora barbata p.p. & R. holoschoenoides p.p.
Rhynchospora hispidula (Vahl) Böck. [nom. illeg.] =Rhynchospora divaricata
Rhynchospora igarapicola T. Koyama =Rhynchospora cariciformis
Rhynchospora junciformis var. monocarpa Kük. =Rhynchospora junciformis
Rhynchospora karuaiana Steyerm. =Rhynchospora triflora
Rhynchospora longispicata Böck. =Rhynchospora filiformis
Rhynchospora macrochaeta var. ruiziana (Böck.) Kük. =Rhynchospora ruiziana
Rhynchospora mexicana var. trichochaeta (C.B. Clarke) Kük. =Rhynchospora trichochaeta
Rhynchospora micrantha Vahl [nom. illeg.] =Rhynchospora contracta
Rhynchospora minutiflora (Rich. ex Spreng.) Adams =Rhynchospora contracta
Rhynchospora monostachya Böck. =Rhynchospora albescens
Rhynchospora nervosa var. ciliata (G. Mey.) Kük. =Rhynchospora ciliata
Rhynchospora nervosa subsp. ciliata (G. Mey.) T. Koyama =Rhynchospora ciliata
Rhynchospora nervosa var. cinnamomea (Kük.) Kük. =Rhynchospora ciliata
Rhynchospora oxycephala C. Wright =Rhynchospora eximia
Rhynchospora patuligluma Lindm. =Rhynchospora pallida
Rhynchospora perrigida Böck. =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Rhynchospora persooniana (Nees) Griseb. =Rhynchospora nervosa
Rhynchospora pilosa subsp. arenicola (Uittien) T. Koyama =Rhynchospora arenicola
Rhynchospora podosperma C. Wright =Rhynchospora filiformis
Rhynchospora pringlei C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora brevirostris
Rhynchospora prolifera (Nees) C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora schomburgkiana
Rhynchospora psilocaryoides Griseb. =Rhynchospora eximia
Rhynchospora ptaritepuiana Steyerm. =Rhynchospora lechleri
Rhynchospora pterocarpa (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Rhynchospora barbata
Rhynchospora pungens Liebm. =Rhynchospora rugosa
Rhynchospora repens (Vahl) Böck. =Rhynchospora reptans
Rhynchospora rigidifolia subsp. capillacea T. Koyama =Rhynchospora capillifolia
Rhynchospora rigidifolia subsp. planifolia T. Koyama =Rhynchospora planifolia
Rhynchospora rufa (Nees) Böck. =Rhynchospora velutina
Rhynchospora setacea (Bergius) Böck. =Rhynchospora fallax
Rhynchospora sororopana Steyerm. =Rhynchospora biflora
Rhynchospora stellata (Lam.) Griseb. [not in flora area] =Rhynchospora colorata (L.) H. Pfeiffer
Rhynchospora stricta var. demerarensis (C.B. Clarke) Kük. =Rhynchospora cajennensis
Rhynchospora tamana Steyerm. =Rhynchospora macrochaeta
Rhynchospora tenella f. haplostylis Uittien =Rhynchospora tenella
Rhynchospora tenella var. haplostylis (Uittien) Kük. =Rhynchospora tenella
Rhynchospora tenerrima Böck. =Rhynchospora tepuiana
Rhynchospora tenerrima var. fallax (Uittien) Kük. =Rhynchospora fallax
Rhynchospora tenerrima subsp. fallax (Uittien) T. Koyama =Rhynchospora fallax
Rhynchospora tenuis subsp. riparia (Nees) T. Koyama =Rhynchospora riparia
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rhynchospora tenuiseta C. Wright =Rhynchospora marisculus
Rhynchospora triceps Steud. =Rhynchospora exaltata
Rhynchospora trichochaeta var. venezuelensis Steyerm. =Rhynchospora subplumosa
Rhynchospora trichodes C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora divaricata
Rhynchospora venezolana Kük. =Rhynchospora hirsuta
Rhynchospora viridilutea C.B. Clarke =Rhynchospora hassleri
Schoenus barbatus Vahl =Rhynchospora barbata
Schoenus ciliatus G. Mey. [nom. illeg., non Dichromena ciliata Pers. (1805)] =Rhynchospora ciliata
Schoenus comatus Link =Rhynchospora comata
Schoenus cyperoides Sw. =Rhynchospora holoschoenoides
Schoenus flavus Link (Rapateaceae) =Duckea flava
Schoenus hirsutus Vahl =Rhynchospora hirsuta
Schoenus hispidulus Vahl =Rhynchospora divaricata
Schoenus holoschoenoides Rich. =Rhynchospora holoschoenoides
Schoenus juncoides Vahl =Bulbostylis juncoides
Schoenus paradoxus Spreng. =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Schoenus rugosus Vahl =Rhynchospora rugosa
Schoenus secans L. =Scleria secans
Schoenus setaceus P.J. Bergius =Rhynchospora fallax
Scirpidium nigrescens Nees =Eleocharis nigrescens
Scirpidium sulcatum Nees [nom. superfl.] =Eleocharis filiculmis
Scirpus acutangulus Roxb. =Eleocharis acutangula
Scirpus aestivalis Retz. =Fimbristylis aestivalis
Scirpus annuus All. =Fimbristylis annua
Scirpus apus A. Gray =Fimbristylis vahlii
Scirpus aturensis Maury =Bulbostylis aturensis
Scirpus autumnalis L. =Fimbristylis autumnalis
Scirpus baldwinianus Schult. =Fimbristylis annua
Scirpus brachyphyllus Link =Bulbostylis capillaris
Scirpus bufonis (Kunth) Poir. =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Scirpus capillaris L. =Bulbostylis capillaris
Scirpus caribaeus Rottb. =Eleocharis geniculata
Scirpus cephalotes L. =Rhynchospora cephalotes
Scirpus chirigota C. Wright =Bulbostylis hispidula
Scirpus complanatus Retz. =Fimbristylis complanata
Scirpus confervoides Poir. =Websteria confervoides
Scirpus corymbosus L. =Rhynchospora corymbosa
Scirpus cubensis Poepp. & Kunth =Oxycaryum cubense
Scirpus dichotomus L. =Fimbristylis dichotoma
Scirpus diphyllus Retz. =Fimbristylis dichotoma
Scirpus dipsaceus Rottb. =Fimbristylis dipsacea
Scirpus domingensis Pers. =Fimbristylis spadicea
Scirpus elegans Kunth =Eleocharis elegans
Scirpus fistulosus Poir. =Eleocharis acutangula
Scirpus flavescens Poir. =Eleocharis flavescens
Scirpus geniculatus L. =Eleocharis geniculata
Scirpus glomeratus Retz. =Fimbristylis cymosa
Scirpus hirtus Griseb. =Bulbostylis vestita
Scirpus hispidulus Vahl =Bulbostylis hispidula
Scirpus humboldtiana Spreng. =Bulbostylis junciformis
Scirpus interstinctus Vahl =Eleocharis interstincta
Scirpus lithospermus L. =Scleria lithosperma
Scirpus longifolius Rich. =Hypolytrum longifolium
Scirpus lorentzii Böck. =Bulbostylis juncoides
Scirpus luzulae L. =Cyperus luzulae
Scirpus maculosus Vahl =Eleocharis maculosa
Scirpus maritimus L. =Schoenoplectus maritimus
Scirpus maritimus var. robustus (Pursh) Kük. =Schoenoplectus robustus
Scirpus maritimus ß macrostachyus Michx. =Schoenoplectus robustus
Scirpus micranthus Vahl =Lipocarpha micrantha
Scirpus miliaceus L. =Fimbristylis littoralis
Scirpus mitratus Griseb. =Eleocharis mitrata
Scirpus montanus Kunth =Eleocharis montana
Scirpus mucronulatus Michx. =Fimbristylis autumnalis
101
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Scirpus mutatus L. =Eleocharis mutata
Scirpus nodulosus Roth =Eleocharis montana
Scirpus obtusifolius Vahl =Fimbristylis cymosa
Scirpus pachystylus C. Wright =Eleocharis pachystyla
Scirpus plicarhachis Griseb. =Eleocharis plicarhachis
Scirpus pulcher Rudge =Hypolytrum pulchrum
Scirpus quinquangularis Vahl =Fimbristylis quinquangularis
Scirpus retroflexus Poir. =Eleocharis retroflexa
Scirpus robustus Pursh =Schoenoplectus robustus
Scirpus schomburgkianus Böck. =Rhynchospora schomburgkiana
Scirpus spadiceus L. =Fimbristylis spadicea
Scirpus submersus C. Wright =Websteria confervoides
Scirpus sulcatus Roth =Eleocharis filiculmis
Scirpus tenuifolius Rudge =Bulbostylis tenuifolia
Scirpus triflorus (Vahl) Poir. =Rhynchospora triflora
Scirpus umbellatus (Rottb.) Kuntze =Fuirena umbellata
Scirpus vahlii Lam. =Fimbristylis vahlii
Scirpus vestitus (Kunth) Rchb. ex Böck. =Bulbostylis vestita
Scleria arundinacea Kunth =Scleria latifolia
Scleria bracteata f. supragynacea H. Pfeiff. =Scleria bracteata
Scleria capitata Willd. =Diplacrum capitatum
Scleria flagellum Sw. =Scleria secans
Scleria foliosa C. Wright, nom. illeg. =Scleria microcarpa
Scleria grandis Core non Labill =Scleria robusta
Scleria hirtella auct. non Sw. =Scleria distans
Scleria latifolia Nees =Scleria latifolia
Scleria latifolia var. arundinacea (Kunth) H. Pfeiff. =Scleria latifolia
Scleria liebmannii Steud. =Scleria verticillata
Scleria micrococca (Liebm.) Steud. =Scleria verticillata
Scleria minutiflora Rich. ex Spreng. [nom. inval.] =Rhynchospora contracta
Scleria nutans Willd. ex Kunth =Scleria distans
Scleria paludosa Poepp. & Kunth =Scleria macrophylla
Scleria pterota C. Presl [nomen nudum] =Scleria melaleuca
Scleria pterota var. melaleuca (Rchb. ex Schltdl. & Cham.) Uittien =Scleria melaleuca
Scleria pterota var. melanocarpa Nees [nomen nudum] =Scleria melaleuca
Scleria pyramidalis Hochst. ex Steud. [=Scleria stipularis?] =Scleria martii
Scleria reflexa Kunth =Scleria secans
Scleria reticularis Michx. [Not in flora area. Restricted to E. US]] =Scleria muehlenbergii
Scleria rigida Kunth =Lagenocarpus rigidus
Scleria setacea Poir. =Scleria muehlenbergii
Scleria tenella Kunth =Scleria verticillata
Scleria tuberculata Böck. =Becquerelia tuberculata
Scleria weigeltiana Schrad. ex Böck. =Scleria secans
Spermodon eximius Nees =Rhynchospora eximia
Spermodon filiformis (Vahl) Nees =Rhynchospora filiformis
Stenophyllus capillaris (L.) Britton =Bulbostylis capillaris
Stenophyllus paradoxus (Spreng.) Standl. =Bulbostylis paradoxa
Stenophyllus truncata (Nees) H. Pfeiff. =Bulbostylis truncata
Stenophyllus vestitus (Kunth) Britton =Bulbostylis vestita
Torulinium ferax (Rich.) Urb. =Cyperus odoratus
Torulinium odoratum (L.) S.S. Hooper =Cyperus odoratus
Trichelostylis complanata (Retz.) Nees =Fimbristylis complanata
Trichelostylis miliacea (L.) Nees =Fimbristylis littoralis
Trichelostylis mucronulata (Michx.) Torr. =Fimbristylis autumnalis
Trichelostylis quinquangularis (Vahl) Nees =Fimbristylis quinquangularis
Trichelostylis stricta Nees =Bulbostylis schomburgkiana
Trichochaeta tenuis Steud. =Rhynchospora trichochaeta
REFERENCES
Core, E.L. 1965. Cyperaceae tribe Sclerieae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part VI. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 12(3): 1-285.
Cremers, G. & M. Hoff. 1993. Inventaire taxonomique des plantes de la Guyane française III - les Cyperaceae et les Poaceae.
Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Coll. Patr. Nat. (Sér. Patr. Génétique) 11: 1-213.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
103
Denton, M. F. 1978. A taxonomic treatment of the Luzulae group of Cyperus. Contributions from the University of Michigan
Herbarium 11: 197–271.
Kearns, D.M., W.W. Thomas, G.C. Tucker, R. Kral, K. Camelbeke, D.A. Simpson, A. A. Reznicek, M.S. González-Elizondo,
M.T. Strong, & P. Goetghebeur. 1998. Cyperaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 4: 486-663.
Koyama, T. and B. Maguire. 1965. Cyperaceae tribe Lagenocarpeae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana
Highland part 6. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12(3): 1-285.
Koyama, T. 1967. Cyperaceae - Mapanioideae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 7. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 17(1): 1-439.
Koyama, T. 1972. Cyperaceae - Rhynchosporeae and Cladieae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland
part 9. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 1-832.
Kral, R. 1971. A treatment of Abildgaardia, Bulbostylis, and Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) for North America. Sida 4: 57-227.
Kükenthal, G. 1935–36. Cyperaceae-Scirpoideae-Cypereae Cyperus. In H. G. A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 20(Heft 101).
671 pp.
Lindeman, J.C. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Cyperaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of
Suriname 1(2): 310-314.
Simpson, D.A. 1992. A revision of the genus Mapania. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Strong, M.T. 2001. Novelties in Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) from the Guianas. Novon 11: 261-273.
Thomas, W.W. 1984. The systematics of Rhynchospora section Dichromena. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 37: 1-116.
Thomas, W.W. 1997. Cyperaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 249-264.
Tucker, G. C. 1983. The taxonomy of Cyperus (Cyperaceae) in Costa Rica and Panama. Systematic Botany Monographs 2. 83
pp.
Tucker, G. C. 1987. The genera of Cyperaceae in the southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 68: 361–445.
Tucker, G. C. 1994. A revision of the Mexican species of Cyperus (Cyperaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 43. 212 pp.
Uittien, H. 1934. Cyperaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 72-149.
Uittien, H. 1943. Cyperaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle (ed.), Flora of Suriname 1(1): 492-505.
DIOSCOREACEAE
O. Téllez
Dioscorea abysmophila Maguire & Steyerm.
Dioscorea alata L. [introduced]
Dioscorea altissima Lam.
Dioscorea amazonum Mart. ex Griseb.
Dioscorea aspera Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Dioscorea atrescens R. Knuth
Dioscorea bolivarensis Steyerm.
Dioscorea bulbifera L. [introduced]
Dioscorea cayenensis Lam. [introduced?]
Dioscorea cordifolia Laness.
Dioscorea crotalariifolia Uline
Dioscorea cuspidata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Dioscorea decorticans C. Presl
Dioscorea discolor Kunth
Dioscorea dodecaneura Vell.
Dioscorea effusa Griseb.
Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Prain [cultivated only?]
Dioscorea georgensis R. Knuth [=Dioscorea amazonum?]
Dioscorea guianensis R. Knuth
Dioscorea hastata Vell. [=Dioscorea hasslerana?]
Dioscorea hitchcockii R. Knuth
Dioscorea holmioidea Maury
Dioscorea laxiflora Mart. ex Griseb.
Dioscorea macrostachya Benth.
Dioscorea manicorensis Clayton, sp. nov. ined.
Dioscorea megacarpa Gleason
Dioscorea melastomatifolia Uline ex Prain & Burkill [=Dioscorea truncata?]
Dioscorea microura R. Knuth
Dioscorea neblinensis Maguire & Steyerm.
Dioscorea nitida R. Knuth
Dioscorea oblonga Gleason
Dioscorea pachycarpa Kunth
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
AM
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
GU
SU
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
FG
BO
BO
GU
AM
FG
GU
GU
FG
GU
AM
AM
GU?
GU
SU
SU
GU
AM
AM
GU
GU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
104
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dioscorea panamensis R. Knuth
Dioscorea pilosiuscula Bertero ex Spreng.
Dioscorea piperifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Dioscorea pittieri R. Knuth
Dioscorea polygonoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Dioscorea pomeroonensis R. Knuth
Dioscorea potarensis R. Knuth
Dioscorea pubescens Poir. [insufficiently known species]
Dioscorea quinquefoliolata R. Knuth
Dioscorea riparia Kunth & R.H. Schomb. [=Dioscorea samydea?]
Dioscorea sagittata Poir. [insufficiently known species]
Dioscorea samydea Griseb.
Dioscorea scabra Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Dioscorea sororopana Steyerm.
Dioscorea sp. A
Dioscorea syringifolia Kunth & R.H. Schomb.
Dioscorea trachyandra Griseb.
Dioscorea trachycarpa Kunth [insufficiently known species]
Dioscorea trichanthera Gleason
Dioscorea trifida L. f.
Dioscorea trifoliata Kunth
Dioscorea truncata Miq. [=Dioscorea trifida?]
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
SU
FG
SU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Dioscorea affinis Kunth =Dioscorea trifida
Dioscorea amazonum var. consanguinea (Kunth) Uline =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea bulbifera Griseb., non L. =Dioscorea pilosiuscula
Dioscorea cuspidata Klotzsch ex Kunth =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea elegantula Kunth =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea holtii R. Knuth =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea kegeliana Griseb. =Dioscorea polygonoides
Dioscorea lanosa Gleason =Dioscorea pilosiuscula
Dioscorea lindmanii Uline ex R. Knuth =Dioscorea pilosiuscula
Dioscorea megalobotrya Kunth & R.H. Schomb. ex Kunth =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea pichinchensis R. Knuth =Dioscorea cuspidata
Dioscorea pimichinensis R. Knuth ex Sandwith =Dioscorea cuspidata
Dioscorea schomburgkiana Kunth & R.H. Schomb. =Dioscorea pilosiuscula
Dioscorea surinamensis G. Mey. =Dioscorea amazonum
Dioscorea truncata Prain, non Miq. =Dioscorea megacarpa
Dioscorea truncata R.H. Schomb., non Miq. =Dioscorea megacarpa
Helmia consanguinea Kunth =Dioscorea amazonum
REFERENCES
Gleason, H.A. 1925. Studies on the flora of northern South America. V. Miscellaneous new or noteworthy species. Bull. Torrey
Bot. Club 52(5): 181-196.
Knuth, R. 1924. Dioscoreaceae. In A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV(43): 1-387.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Dioscoreaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 264-266.
Téllez, O. 1998. Dioscoreaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 686-696.
ERIOCAULACEAE
M. Hakki, N. Hensold
Eriocaulon cinereum R. Br.
Eriocaulon dimorphopetalum Moldenke
Eriocaulon guyanense Körn.
Eriocaulon heterodoxum Moldenke
Eriocaulon humboldtii Kunth
Eriocaulon jauense Moldenke
Eriocaulon melanocephalum Kunth
Eriocaulon spongiola Hensold
Eriocaulon steyermarkii Moldenke
Eriocaulon stramineum Körn. [possibly =Eriocaulon guyanense]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Eriocaulon tenuifolium Klotzsch ex Körn.
Leiothrix celiae Moldenke
Leiothrix flavescens (Bong.) Ruhland
Leiothrix flavescens var. alpina Moldenke
Leiothrix flavescens var. flavescens
Leiothrix mucronata var. glabra Moldenke
Paepalanthus apacarensis Moldenke
Paepalanthus aristatus Moldenke
Paepalanthus auyantepuiensis Moldenke
Paepalanthus bifidus (Schrad.) Kunth
Paepalanthus cardonae Moldenke
Paepalanthus chimantensis Hensold
Paepalanthus convexus Gleason
Paepalanthus cristatus Moldenke
Paepalanthus cumbricola Moldenke
Paepalanthus dichotomus Klotzsch ex Körn.
Paepalanthus dichotomus var. dichotomus
Paepalanthus dichotomus var. pumilus Moldenke
Paepalanthus fasciculatus (Rottb.) Kunth
Paepalanthus fasciculoides Hensold
Paepalanthus formosus Moldenke
Paepalanthus fraternus N.E. Br.
Paepalanthus fulgidus Moldenke
Paepalanthus gleasonii Moldenke
Paepalanthus holstii Steyerm.
Paepalanthus kunhardtii Moldenke
Paepalanthus lamarckii Kunth
Paepalanthus major (Moldenke) Hensold
Paepalanthus oyapockensis Herzog
Paepalanthus parvicephalus (Moldenke) Hensold
Paepalanthus parvicephalus var. parvicephalus
Paepalanthus parvicephalus var. wurdackii (Moldenke) Hensold
Paepalanthus pauper Moldenke
Paepalanthus perpusillus Kunth
Paepalanthus phelpsiae Moldenke
Paepalanthus polytrichoides Kunth
Paepalanthus roraimensis Moldenke
Paepalanthus schomburgkii Klotzsch ex Körn.
Paepalanthus scopulorum Moldenke
Paepalanthus sessiliflorus Körn.
Paepalanthus sessiliflorus var. venezuelensis Moldenke
Paepalanthus squamuliferus Moldenke
Paepalanthus stegolepoides Moldenke
Paepalanthus subcaulescens N.E. Br. [expected in BO]
Paepalanthus subtilis Miq.
Paepalanthus sulcatus Hensold
Paepalanthus tortilis (Bong.) Körn.
Paepalanthus turbinatus (Gleason) Hensold
Paepalanthus venustus Moldenke
Paepalanthus yapacanensis (Moldenke) Hensold
Paepalanthus yapacanensis var. hirsutus (Moldenke) Hensold
Paepalanthus yapacanensis var. yapacanensis
Philodice hoffmannseggii Mart.
Rondonanthus acopanensis (Moldenke) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus acopanensis var. acopanensis
Rondonanthus acopanensis var. obtusifolius (Moldenke) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus capillaceus (Klotzsch ex Körn.) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus caulescens (Moldenke) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus duidae (Gleason) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus flabelliformis (Moldenke) Hensold & Giul.
Rondonanthus roraimae (Oliv.) Herzog
Syngonanthus acephalus Hensold
Syngonanthus albopulvinatus (Moldenke) Moldenke
Syngonanthus amapensis Moldenke [expected in the Guianas]
AM
AM
AM
AM
105
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU?
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO?
BO
GU
GU
SU
BO
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
106
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Syngonanthus amazonicus Moldenke
Syngonanthus anomalus (Körn.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus biformis (N.E. Br.) Gleason
Syngonanthus bisumbellatus (Steud.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus caulescens (Poir.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus cowanii Moldenke
Syngonanthus duidae Moldenke
Syngonanthus duidae var. duidae
Syngonanthus duidae var. humilis Hensold
Syngonanthus fenestratus Hensold
Syngonanthus gracilis (Bong.) Ruhland [possibly =Syngonanthus davidsei
Huft]
Syngonanthus heteropeploides Herzog
Syngonanthus humboldtii (Kunth) Ruhland
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. humboldtii
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. parvus (Moldenke) Hensold
Syngonanthus jenmanii (Gleason) Giul. & Hensold
Syngonanthus kegelianus (Körn.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus leprieurii (Körn.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus longipes Gleason
Syngonanthus macrocephalus (Moldenke) Hensold
Syngonanthus minutus (Moldenke) Hensold
Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus oblongus (Körn.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus oblongus var. aequinoctialis Ruhland
Syngonanthus ottohuberi Hensold
Syngonanthus pakaraimensis Moldenke
Syngonanthus pakaraimensis var. pakaraimensis
Syngonanthus pakaraimensis var. rivularis (Moldenke) Hensold
Syngonanthus reflexus Gleason
Syngonanthus setifolius Hensold
Syngonanthus simplex (Miq.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus surinamensis Moldenke
Syngonanthus tenuis (Kunth) Ruhland
Syngonanthus tenuis var. bulbifer (Huber) Hensold
Syngonanthus tenuis var. tenuis
Syngonanthus tiricensis Moldenke
Syngonanthus trichophyllus Moldenke
Syngonanthus umbellatus (Lam.) Ruhland
Syngonanthus williamsii (Moldenke) Hensold
Syngonanthus xeranthemoides (Bong.) Ruhland
Tonina fluviatilis Aubl.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
BO
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Carptotepala insolita Moldenke =Syngonanthus jenmanii
Carptotepala jenmanii (Gleason) Moldenke =Syngonanthus jenmanii
Comanthera kegeliana (Körn.) Moldenke =Syngonanthus kegelianus
Comanthera linderi L.B. Sm. =Syngonanthus kegelianus
Eriocaulon ? aequinoctiale Ruhland =Eriocaulon humboldtii
Eriocaulon aquaticum Sagot ex Körn =Eriocaulon melanocephalum
Eriocaulon atabapense Moldenke =Eriocaulon tenuifolium
Eriocaulon bifidum Schrad. =Paepalanthus bifidus
Eriocaulon bisumbellatum Steud. =Syngonanthus bisumbellatus
Eriocaulon bonplandianum Steud. =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Eriocaulon brevifolium Klotzsch ex Körn. =Eriocaulon tenuifolium
Eriocaulon caulescens Poir. =Syngonanthus caulescens
Eriocaulon fasciculatum Rottb. =Paepalanthus fasciculatus
Eriocaulon fasciculatum Lam. =Paepalanthus lamarckii
Eriocaulon flavescens Bong. =Leiothrix flavescens
Eriocaulon gracile Bong. =Syngonanthus gracilis
Eriocaulon klotzschii Moldenke =Eriocaulon tenuifolium
Eriocaulon nitens Bong. =Syngonanthus nitens
Eriocaulon sieboldianum Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud. =Eriocaulon cinereum
Eriocaulon tenue Kunth =Syngonanthus tenuis
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
DA
SU
SU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Eriocaulon tortile Bong. =Paepalanthus tortilis
Eriocaulon umbellatum Kunth =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Eriocaulon umbellatum Lam. =Syngonanthus umbellatus
Eriocaulon xeranthemoides Bong. =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Lasiolepis aquatica Böck. =Eriocaulon melanocephalum
Leiothrix echinulata Moldenke =Syngonanthus reflexus
Leiothrix flavescens var. chimantensis Moldenke =Leiothrix flavescens
Leiothrix marahuacensis Moldenke =Syngonanthus duidae
Leiothrix steyermarkii Moldenke =Syngonanthus pakaraimensis
Leiothrix turbinata Gleason =Paepalanthus turbinatus
Leiothrix umbratilis Moldenke =Leiothrix flavescens
Leiothrix umbratilis var. brevipes Moldenke =Leiothrix flavescens var. alpina
Paepalanthus albopulvinatus Moldenke =Syngonanthus albopulvinatus
Paepalanthus anomalus Körn. =Syngonanthus anomalus
Paepalanthus apacarensis var. humilis Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Paepalanthus biformis N.E. Br. =Syngonanthus biformis
Paepalanthus brunneus Moldenke =Paepalanthus oyapockensis
Paepalanthus bulbifer Huber =Syngonanthus tenuis var. bulbifer
Paepalanthus capillaceus Klotzsch ex Körn. =Rondonanthus capillaceus
Paepalanthus capillaceus f. proliferus (Gleason) Moldenke =Rondonanthus capillaceus
Paepalanthus capillaceus var. proliferus Gleason =Rondonanthus capillaceus
Paepalanthus caulescens (Poir.) Kunth =Syngonanthus caulescens
Paepalanthus congestus (Kunth) Kunth =Paepalanthus fasciculatus
Paepalanthus convexus var. major Moldenke =Paepalanthus major
Paepalanthus convexus var. parvicephalus Moldenke =Paepalanthus parvicephalus
Paepalanthus convexus var. strigosus Moldenke =Paepalanthus gleasonii
Paepalanthus duidae Gleason =Rondonanthus duidae
Paepalanthus duidae var. parvifolius Moldenke =Rondonanthus duidae
Paepalanthus eriophyllus Körn. =Syngonanthus simplex
Paepalanthus fertilis Körn. =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Paepalanthus filipes Moldenke =Syngonanthus simplex
Paepalanthus flavescens (Bong.) Körn. =Leiothrix flavescens
Paepalanthus fraternus var. chimantensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus stegolepoides
Paepalanthus fraternus var. marahuacensis Moldenke =Leiothrix flavescens
Paepalanthus fraternus var. spathulatus Moldenke =Paepalanthus squamuliferus
Paepalanthus fulgidus var. zuloagensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus major
Paepalanthus gracilis (Bong.) Körn. =Syngonanthus gracilis
Paepalanthus griseus Moldenke =Paepalanthus oyapockensis
Paepalanthus guyanensis Klotzsch ex Körn. =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Paepalanthus heteropeplus Körn. =Syngonanthus caulescens
Paepalanthus humboldtii Kunth =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Paepalanthus jauensis Moldenke =Rondonanthus duidae
Paepalanthus jauensis var. caulescens Moldenke =Rondonanthus caulescens
Paepalanthus jenmanii Gleason =Syngonanthus jenmanii
Paepalanthus kegelianus Körn. =Syngonanthus kegelianus
Paepalanthus killipii Moldenke =Paepalanthus tortilis
Paepalanthus leucocyaneus Tutin =Paepalanthus oyapockensis
Paepalanthus lilliputianus Moldenke =Paepalanthus sessiliflorus var. venezuelensis
Paepalanthus macrocaulon var. venamensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus schomburgkii
Paepalanthus maguirei Moldenke =Paepalanthus tortilis
Paepalanthus meseticola Moldenke & Steyerm. =Leiothrix flavescens
Paepalanthus minutus Moldenke =Syngonanthus minutus
Paepalanthus moldenkeanus R. Schult. =Paepalanthus formosus
Paepalanthus nitens (Bong.) Kunth =Syngonanthus nitens
Paepalanthus oblongus Körn. =Syngonanthus oblongus
Paepalanthus pauperrimus Herzog =Paepalanthus subtilis
Paepalanthus pendulus Moldenke =Paepalanthus schomburgkii
Paepalanthus perplexans Moldenke =Paepalanthus schomburgkii
Paepalanthus perplexans var. steyermarkii Moldenke =Paepalanthus fulgidus
Paepalanthus perplexans var. wurdackii Moldenke =Paepalanthus parvicephalus var. wurdackii
Paepalanthus robustus Gleason =Paepalanthus gleasonii
Paepalanthus roraimae Oliv. =Rondonanthus roraimae
Paepalanthus salticola Herzog =Paepalanthus tortilis
Paepalanthus savannarum (Moldenke) Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Paepalanthus savannarum var. glabrescens (Moldenke) Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
107
108
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Paepalanthus saxicola var. conicus Moldenke =Syngonanthus trichophyllus
Paepalanthus scopulorum var. auyantepuiensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus scopulorum
Paepalanthus simplex Miq. =Syngonanthus simplex
Paepalanthus stegolepoides var. acutalis Moldenke =Paepalanthus sulcatus
Paepalanthus steudelianus Körn. =Syngonanthus bisumbellatus
Paepalanthus steyermarkii Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Paepalanthus subulatus Klotzsch =Paepalanthus subtilis
Paepalanthus tafelbergensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus oyapockensis
Paepalanthus tatei Moldenke =Paepalanthus tortilis
Paepalanthus tenuis (Kunth) Kunth =Syngonanthus tenuis
Paepalanthus umbellatus (Lam.) Kunth =Syngonanthus umbellatus
Paepalanthus ? venetifolius Moldenke & Steyerm. =Syngonanthus pakaraimensis var. pakaraimensis
Paepalanthus venustoides Moldenke =Paepalanthus venustus
Paepalanthus vigiensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus polytrichoides
Paepalanthus villipes Moldenke =Paepalanthus polytrichoides
Paepalanthus viscosus Moldenke =Paepalanthus polytrichoides
Paepalanthus williamsii Moldenke =Syngonanthus williamsii
Rondonanthus micropetalus Moldenke =Paepalanthus roraimensis
Syngonanthus acopanensis Moldenke =Rondonanthus acopanensis
Syngonanthus akurimensis Moldenke =Syngonanthus kegelianus
Syngonanthus allenii var. parvus Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii var. parvus
Syngonanthus baldwinii Moldenke =Syngonanthus anomalus
Syngonanthus brevifolius Gleason =Syngonanthus anomalus
Syngonanthus bulbifer (Huber) Ruhland =Syngonanthus tenuis var. bulbifer
Syngonanthus caulescens var. hirsutus Moldenke =Syngonanthus caulescens
Syngonanthus cowanii var. involucratus Moldenke =Syngonanthus cowanii
Syngonanthus cowanii var. longipedunculatus Moldenke =Syngonanthus cowanii
Syngonanthus cowanii var. simplex Moldenke =Syngonanthus cowanii
Syngonanthus cowanii var. tabulatus Moldenke =Syngonanthus cowanii
Syngonanthus densifolius var. venezuelensis Moldenke =Syngonanthus ottohuberi
Syngonanthus densus var. pumilus Moldenke =Syngonanthus biformis
Syngonanthus drouetii L.B. Sm. =Syngonanthus tenuis var. bulbifer
Syngonanthus drouetii var. parviceps Moldenke =Syngonanthus tenuis
Syngonanthus duidae var. longifolius Moldenke =Syngonanthus pakaraimensis
Syngonanthus eriophyllus (Körn.) Ruhland =Syngonanthus simplex
Syngonanthus fertilis (Körn.) Ruhland =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus fertilis var. glandulosus (Gleason) Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus fertilis var. orinocensis (Moldenke) Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus flavipes Moldenke =Syngonanthus nitens
Syngonanthus glandulosus Gleason =Syngonanthus caulescens
Syngonanthus glandulosus var. epapillosus Moldenke =Syngonanthus caulescens
Syngonanthus glandulosus f. epapillosus (Moldenke) Moldenke =Syngonanthus caulescens
Syngonanthus guianensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus polytrichoides
Syngonanthus heteropeplus (Körn.) Ruhland =Syngonanthus caulescens
Syngonanthus huberi Ruhland =Syngonanthus anomalus
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. elongatus Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. glabrescens Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. glandulosus Gleason =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. macrocephalus Moldenke =Syngonanthus macrocephalus
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. orinocensis Moldenke =Syngonanthus humboldtii
Syngonanthus humboldtii var. simplex Moldenke =Syngonanthus umbellatus
Syngonanthus lanatus var. alpinus Moldenke =Syngonanthus pakaraimensis
Syngonanthus macrocaulon Ruhland =Syngonanthus anomalus
Syngonanthus obtusifolius Moldenke =Rondonanthus acopanensis var. obtusifolius
Syngonanthus paraensis Ruhland =Syngonanthus anomalus
Syngonanthus phelpsiae Moldenke =Syngonanthus duidae
Syngonanthus phelpsiae var. elongatus Moldenke =Syngonanthus duidae
Syngonanthus phelpsiae var. pilosus Moldenke =Rondonanthus duidae
Syngonanthus phelpsiae var. viridis Moldenke =Rondonanthus duidae
Syngonanthus reflexus var. longifolius Moldenke =Syngonanthus reflexus
Syngonanthus rivularis Moldenke =Syngonanthus pakaraimensis var. rivularis
Syngonanthus savannarum Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Syngonanthus savannarum var. glabrescens Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Syngonanthus similis var. venezuelensis Moldenke =Syngonanthus ottohuberi
Syngonanthus simplex var. appendiculifera Ruhland =Syngonanthus biformis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
109
Syngonanthus ? tenuis var. minor Moldenke =Syngonanthus tenuis
Syngonanthus tricostatus Gleason =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Syngonanthus umbellatus f. proliferens Moldenke =Syngonanthus umbellatus
Syngonanthus vareschii Moldenke =Syngonanthus simplex
Syngonanthus vaupesanus Moldenke =Syngonanthus tenuis var. bulbifer
Syngonanthus venezuelensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus dichotomus
Syngonanthus xeranthemoides var. alpinus Moldenke =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Syngonanthus xeranthemoides var. angustifolius Moldenke =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Syngonanthus xeranthemoides f. brevifolius Moldenke =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Syngonanthus xeranthemoides var. tricostatus (Gleason) Moldenke =Syngonanthus xeranthemoides
Syngonanthus yapacanensis Moldenke =Paepalanthus yapacanensis
Syngonanthus yapacanensis var. hirsutus Moldenke =Paepalanthus yapacanensis var. hirsutus
Wurdackia flabelliformis Moldenke =Rondonanthus flabelliformis
REFERENCES
Giulietti, A.M., M.C.E. Amaral, & V. Bittrich. 1995. Phylogenetic analysis of inter- and infrageneric relationships of Leiothrix
Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae). Kew Bull. 50(1): 55-71.
Giulietti, A.M. & N. Hensold. 1991. Nomenclatural changes and range extension in Leiothrix flavescens (Bong.) Ruhl.
(Eriocaulaceae). Novon 1(1): 45-49.
Giulietti, A.M. & N. Hensold. 1991. Synonymization of the genera Comanthera and Carptotepala with Syngonanthus
(Eriocaulaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78 (2): 460-464.
Hensold, N. 1991. Revisionary studies in the Eriocaulaceae of Venezuela. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78(2): 424-440.
Hensold, N. 1999. Eriocaulaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
5: 1-58.
Hensold, N. & A.M. Giulietti. 1991. Revision and redefinition of the genus Rondonanthus Herzog (Eriocaulaceae). Ann. Missouri
Bot. Gard. 78(2): 441-459.
Lindeman, J.C. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Eriocaulaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of
Suriname 1(2): 330-339.
Moldenke, H.N. 1971. A Fifth Summary of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Dicrostylidaceae, Symphoremaceae,
Nyctanthaceae, and Eriocaulaceae of the World. H.N. Moldenke, Wayne, NJ.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Eriocaulaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 266.
Uittien, H. & A.N.J. Heyn. 1938. Eriocaulaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 213-224.
HAEMODORACEAE
P.J.M. Maas, Hiltje Maas
Pyrrorhiza neblinae Maguire & Wurdack
Schiekia orinocensis (Kunth) Meisn.
Schiekia orinocensis subsp. orinocensis
Schiekia orinocensis subsp. silvestris Maas & Stoel
Xiphidium caeruleum Aubl.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Schiekia flavescens Maury =Schiekia orinocensis subsp. orinocensis
Schiekia orinocensis subsp. savannarum Maguire & Wurdack =Schiekia orinocensis subsp. orinocensis
Troschelia orinocensis (Kunth) Klotzsch & M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum] =Schiekia orinocensis subsp. orinocensis
Wachendorfia orinocensis Kunth =Schiekia orinocensis subsp. orinocensis
Xiphidium floribundum Sw. =Xiphidium caeruleum
Xiphidium fockeanum Miq. =Xiphidium caeruleum
Xiphidium giganteum Lindl. =Xiphidium caeruleum
REFERENCES
Maas-van de Kamer, H. & P. Maas. 1997. Haemodoraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 270.
Lanjouw, J. 1938. Haemodoraceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 255-257.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1993. Haemodoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 61: 1-44.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1994. Haemodoraceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 15:
103-112.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas. 1999. Haemodoraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 5: 576-581.
Villarroel, F. 1971. Haemodoraceae. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela 3(1): 207-222.
110
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
HELICONIACEAE
L.L. Andersson, W.J. Kress, P.J.M. Maas
Heliconia acuminata Rich.
Heliconia acuminata subsp. acuminata
Heliconia acuminata subsp. occidentalis L. Andersson
Heliconia aemygdiana Burle-Marx [CAY specimen not seen]
Heliconia bihai (L.) L.
Heliconia chartacea Lane ex Barreiros
Heliconia dasyantha K. Koch & Bouché
Heliconia densiflora B. Verl.
Heliconia densiflora subsp. angustifolia L. Andersson
Heliconia densiflora subsp. densiflora
Heliconia episcopalis Vell.
Heliconia hirsuta L. f.
Heliconia juliani Barreiros
Heliconia lourteigiae Emygdio & E. Santos
Heliconia marginata (Griggs) Pittier
Heliconia x nickeriensis Maas & de Rooij
Heliconia pendula Wawra
Heliconia platystachys Baker
Heliconia psittacorum L. f.
Heliconia revoluta (Griggs) Standl. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Heliconia richardiana Miq.
Heliconia spathocircinata Aristeg. [orthographic variant: H. spathocircinada]
Heliconia stricta Huber
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
DA
BO
DA
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
FG
FG
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bihai marginata Griggs =Heliconia marginata
Bihai revoluta Griggs =Heliconia revoluta
Bihai silvestris Gleason =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia aurea G. Rodr. =Heliconia bihai
Heliconia ballia Rich. =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia brasiliensis var. concolor Petersen =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia cannoidea Rich. =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia caribaea auct. non Lam. 1783 [1785], nec Aristeg. 1961 =Heliconia bihai
Heliconia costanensis Aristeg. =Heliconia hirsuta
Heliconia glauca Poit. ex B. Verl. =Heliconia richardiana
Heliconia hirsuta var. cannoidea (Rich.) Baker =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia humilis Aubl., auct. non Musa humilis =Heliconia bihai
Heliconia humilis (Aubl.) Jacq. =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia marginata f. lutea Aristeg. =Heliconia marginata
Heliconia psittacorum var. rhizomatosa Aristeg. =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia psittacorum var. schomburgkiana (Klotzsch) Baker =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia psittacorum var. spathacea Eichler ex Petersen =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia schaeferiana G. Rodr. =Heliconia bihai
Heliconia schomburgkiana Klotzsch =Heliconia psittacorum
Heliconia silvestris (Gleason) L.B. Sm. =Heliconia psittacorum
REFERENCES
Anderson, P., S.A. Mori, & C. Gracie. 1997. Heliconiaceae. In: Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 270-273.
Andersson, L.L. 1999. Heliconiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 5: 583-591.
Berry, F. & W.J. Kress. 1991. Heliconia: An Identification Guide. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Musaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 1: 1-28.
Maas, P.J.M. & M.J.M. de Rooij. 1979. Musaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 393-411.
HYDROCHARITACEAE
R.R. Haynes, L.B. Holm-Nielsen
Elodea granatensis Bonpl.
Limnobium laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
111
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Apalanthe granatensis (Bonpl.) Planch. =Elodea granatensis
Elodea guianensis Rich. =Elodea granatensis
Elodea orinocensis Rich. =Elodea granatensis
Hydromystria laevigata (Willd.) Hanzeker =Limnobium laevigatum
Hydromystria laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Díaz-Mir. & Philcox =Limnobium laevigatum
Limnobium spongia subsp. laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Lowden =Limnobium laevigatum
Limnobium stoloniferum (G. Mey.) Griseb. =Limnobium laevigatum
Philotria granatensis (Bonpl.) Vict. =Elodea granatensis
Philotria orinocensis (Rich.) Vict. =Elodea granatensis
Udora granatensis (Bonpl.) Spreng. =Elodea granatensis
REFERENCES:
Cook, C.D. 1985. A revision of the genus Apalanthe. Aquatic Bot. 21: 157-164.
Cook, C.D. & K. Urmi-König, 1983. A revision of the genus Limnobium including Hydromystria. Aquatic Bot. 17: 1-27.
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 1999. Hydrocharitaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst,
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 641-644.
Jonker, F.P. 1943. Hydrocharitaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 467-471.
Lowden, R.M. 1992. Floral variation and taxonomy of Limnobium L.C. Richard. Rhodora 94: 111-134.
Phillips, R.C. & E.G. Meñez. 1988. Seagrasses. Smiths. Contrib. Marine Sci. 34: 1-104.
IRIDACEAE
P. Goldblatt, J.E. Henrich
Alophia drummondii (Graham) R.C. Foster
Cipura gigas Celis, Goldblatt & Betancur
Cipura paludosa Aubl.
Cipura rupicola Goldblatt & Henrich
Cypella linearis (Kunth) Baker
Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.
Neomarica caerulea (Ker Gawl.) Sprague [escaped from cultivation]
Sisyrinchium tinctorium Kunth
Sisyrinchium vaginatum Spreng. [expected in FG]
Trimezia chimantensis Steyerm.
Trimezia fosteriana Steyerm.
Trimezia guianensis Ravenna
Trimezia martinicensis (Jacq.) Herb.
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Iris martinicencis Jacq. =Trimezia martinicensis
Ixia americana Aubl. =Eleutherine bulbosa
Ixia xiphidium Loefl. (Haemodoraceae) =Xiphidium caeruleum
Larentia linearis (Kunth) Klatt =Cypella linearis
Moraea linearis Kunth =Cypella linearis
Sisyrinchium alatum Hook. =Sisyrinchium vaginatum
Sisyrinchium americanum (Aubl.) Lemée =Eleutherine bulbosa
Sisyrinchium marchio (Vell.) Steud. =Sisyrinchium vaginatum
Souza marchio Vell. =Sisyrinchium vaginatum
REFERENCES:
Boterenbrood, M.J.A. 1943. Iridaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 455-460.
Goldblatt, P. & James E. Henrich. 1999. Iridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 5: 658-664.
Goldblatt, P. & T.M. Howard. 1992. Notes on Alophia and a new species, A. veracruzana, from Vera Cruz, Mexico. Ann. Missouri
Bot. Gard. 79(4): 901-905.
Goldblatt, P. & N. Snow. 1991. Systematics and chromosome cytology of Eleutherine Herbert. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78(4):
942-949.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Iridaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the
New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 273-274.
JUNCACEAE
C.A. Vargas
Juncus densiflorus Kunth
AM
BO
112
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Juncus cyperinus Willd. ex Spreng. =Juncus densiflorus
Juncus densiflorus var. cyperinus (Willd.) Buchenau =Juncus densiflorus
REFERENCES
Vargas, C.A. 1999. Juncaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
5: 672-674.
LEMNACEAE
L.J. Davenport, R.A. DeFilipps†
Lemna aequinoctialis Welw.
Lemna valdiviana Phil.
Spirodela intermedia W. Koch
Spirodela punctata (G. Mey.) C.H. Thomps.
Wolffia brasiliensis Wedd.
Wolffiella lingulata (Hegelm.) Hegelm.
Wolffiella neotropica Landolt
Wolffiella welwitschii (Hegelm.) Monod
DA
GU
DA
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Lemna gibba L. [not in flora area]
Lemna minor L. [not in flora area]
Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. =Lemna aequinoctialis
Lemna perpusilla Torr. [not in flora area]
Lemna trinervis sensu Small, non (D.F. Austin) Small =Lemna aequinoctialis
Spirodela biperforata W. Koch =Spirodela intermedia
Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. [not in flora area]
Wolffia welwitschii Hegelm. =Wolffiella welwitschii
Wolffiopsis welwitschii (Hegelm.) Hartog & Plas =Wolffiella welwitschii
REFERENCES
Daubs, E.H. 1965. A monograph of Lemnaceae. Ill. Biol. Monogr. 34: 1-118.
Davenport, L.J. 1999. Lemnaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
5: 779-781.
Hartog, C. den. & F. van der Plas. 1970. A synopsis of the Lemnaceae. Blumea 18: 355-368.
Landolt, E. 1986-1987. The family of Lemnaceae - a monographic study. Veröff. Geobot. Inst. E.T.H. Stift. Rübel, Zürich 71: 1566, 95: 1-638.
LILIACEAE
J.K. Boggan, R.W. Cruden, A.W. Meerow
Alstroemeria amazonica Ducke
Alstroemeria sp.
Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb.
AM
Crinum erubescens L. f. ex Sol.
AM
Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.) Baker
AM
Eccremis coarctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker
AM
Echeandia bolivarensis Cruden
Hippeastrum barbatum Herbert
Hippeastrum elegans (Spreng.) H.E. Moore
AM
Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze
AM
Hippeastrum stylosum Herbert [distribution described as “Guiana”]
Hippeastrum vanleestenii (Traub) H.E. Moore [=Hippeastrum puniceum?]
Hymenocallis caribaea (L., emend. Ker Gawl.) Herb. [cultivated or escaped
from cultivation]
Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. [cultivated or escaped from cultivation]
Hymenocallis tubiflora Salisb.
Hypoxis decumbens L. [most, if not all, records represent Curculigo
scorzonerifolia]
Isidrogalvia duidae (Steyerm.) Cruden
AM
Isidrogalvia schomburgkiana (Oliv.) Cruden
AM
Nietneria corymbosa Klotzsch & M.R. Schomb. ex B.D. Jacks. [Mt. Roraima] AM
Nietneria paniculata Steyerm.
BO
FG
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU?
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG?
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Zephyranthes citrina Baker [type attributed to Guyana, possibly erroneously]
Zephyranthes tubispatha (Ker Gawl.) Herb.
113
GU?
SU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alstroemeria edulis Tussac =Bomarea edulis
Amaryllis belladonna L. [name incorrectly applied to Hippeastrum puniceum]
Amaryllis belladonna var. barbata (Herb.) Traub & Moldenke =Hippeastrum barbatum
Amaryllis eguestris Aiton =Hippeastrum puniceum
Amaryllis elegans Spreng. =Hippeastrum elegans
Amaryllis longiflora Steud. =Hippeastrum elegans
Amaryllis punicea Lam. =Hippeastrum puniceum
Amaryllis solandriflora Lindl. =Hippeastrum elegans
Amaryllis stylosa (Herb.) Sweet =Hippeastrum stylosum
Amaryllis vanleestenii Traub =Hippeastrum vanleestenii
Anthericum coarctatum Ruiz & Pav. =Eccremis coarctata
Bomarea fuscata Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum]
Bomarea guianensis Kraenzl. =Bomarea edulis
Crinum commelyni Jacq. =Crinum erubescens
Crinum guianense M. Roem. ? =Crinum erubescens
Crinum lancei Herbert ex Sweet ? =Crinum erubescens
Crinum lindleyanum Schult. f. ex Seub. =Crinum erubescens
Dianella dubia Kunth =Eccremis coarctata
Echeandia spp. [recorded from Guianas in error, but possibly expected]
Hippeastrum equestre (Aiton) Herb. =Hippeastrum puniceum
Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Urb. =Hippeastrum puniceum
Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Voss =Hippeastrum puniceum
Hippeastrum solandriflorum (Lindl.) Herb. =Hippeastrum elegans
Hymenocallis guianensis (Ker Gawl.) Herb. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hymenocallis guianensis var. undulata (Kunth) Herb. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hymenocallis moritziana Kunth =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hymenocallis obtusata (Griseb.) Walp. =Hymenocallis caribaea
Hymenocallis petiolata (Willd. ex Schult.) M. Roem. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hymenocallis undulata (Kunth) Herb. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hypoxis scorzonerifolia Lam. =Curculigo scorzonerifolia
Isidrogalvia guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Isidrogalvia schomburgkiana
Nietneria corymbosa Klotzsch & M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum] =Nietneria corymbosa
Pancratium guianense Ker Gawl. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Pancratium petiolatum Willd. ex Schult. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Pancratium tubiflorum (Salisb.) Schult. =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Pancratium undulatum Kunth =Hymenocallis tubiflora
Tofieldia duidae Steyerm. =Isidrogalvia duidae
Tofieldia guianensis (Klotzsch) H. Schulz [nomen nudum] =Isidrogalvia schomburgkiana
Tofieldia rupestris Gleason (Bromeliaceae) =Navia rupestris
Tofieldia schomburgkiana Oliv. =Isidrogalvia schomburgkiana
REFERENCES
Baker, J.G. 1888. Handbook of the Amaryllideae. London: George Bell & Sons.
Bloomfield, F. 1985. Miracle Plants: Aloe vera. London: Century Publishing.
Boterenbrood, M.J.A. 1943. Amaryllidaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 443-454.
Cruden, R.W. 1991. A revision of Isidrogalvia: recognition for Ruíz & Pavón’s genus. Syst. Bot. 16: 270-282.
Howard, R.A. 1979. Liliaceae. Flora of the Lesser Antilles 3: 454-460.
Killip, E.P. 1936. Bomarea, a genus of showy Andean plants. Nat. Hort. Mag. 15(2): 115-128.
Maas, P.J.M. 1968. Amaryllidaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 376.
Martyn, E.B. 1936. Amaryllidaceae of British Guiana. Herbertia 3: 71.
Meerow, A.W. & R.W. Cruden. 2001. Liliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 6: 1-15.
Mori. S.A. 1997. Liliaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. Guide to the
vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New
York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1.
Obermeyer, A.A. 1962. A revision of the South African species of Anthericum, Chlorophytum and Trachyandra. Bothalia 7 (4):
669-767.
Sealy, J.R. 1954. Review of the genus Hymenocallis. Kew Bull. 1954: 201-240.
Traub, H.P. 1958. The Amaryllis Manual. The Macmillan Company, New York.
Traub, H.P. & H.N. Moldenke. 1949. Amaryllidaceae: Tribe Amarylleae. American Plant Life Society.
Uphof, J.C. Th. 1942. A review of the species of Crinum. Herbertia 9: 63-84.
114
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
LIMNOCHARITACEAE
R.R. Haynes, L.B. Holm-Nielsen
Hydrocleys nymphoides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Buchenau
Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau [record not verified, but expected
in the Guianas]
Limnocharis laforestii Duchass. ex Griseb.
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG?
FG?
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Limnocharis flava var. minor Micheli =Limnocharis laforestii
Stratiotes nymphoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Hydrocleys nymphoides
REFERENCES
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 2001. Limnocharitaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst,
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 6: 16-18.
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 1992. Limnocharitaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 56: 1-34.
Jonker, F.P. 1943. Butomaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 483-485.
MARANTACEAE
L.L. Andersson, Mats Hagberg, H. Kennedy
Calathea acuminata Steyerm.
Calathea altissima (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Calathea cannoides (Nicolson, Steyerm. & Sivad.) H. Kenn.
Calathea casupito (Jacq.) Schult.
Calathea cataractarum K. Schum.
Calathea comosa (L. f.) Lindl.
Calathea cyclophora Baker
Calathea cylindrica (Roscoe) K. Schum.
Calathea densa (K. Koch) Regel
Calathea dilabens L. Andersson & H. Kenn.
Calathea elliptica (Roscoe) K. Schum.
Calathea erecta L. Andersson & H. Kenn.
Calathea fragilis Gleason
Calathea grandis Petersen
Calathea granvillei L. Andersson & H. Kenn.
Calathea inocephala (Kuntze) H. Kenn. & Nicolson
Calathea lasseriana Steyerm.
Calathea latifolia (Willd. ex Link) Klotzsch
Calathea legrelleana (Linden) Regel
Calathea liesneri H. Kenn.
Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult.
Calathea maasiorum H. Kenn.
Calathea mansonis Körn.
Calathea micans (Mathieu) Körn.
Calathea microcephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Calathea mishuyacu J.F. Macbr.
Calathea neblinensis H. Kenn.
Calathea ovata (Nees & Mart.) Lindl.
Calathea panamensis Rowlee ex Standl.
Calathea polytricha Baker
Calathea propinqua (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Calathea splendida (Verschaff. ex Lem.) Regel
Calathea squarrosa L. Andersson & H. Kenn.
Calathea variegata Linden ex Körn.
Calathea villosa Lindl.
Calathea zingiberina Körn.
Ctenanthe compressa (A. Dietr.) Eichler
Hylaeanthe hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.) A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Hylaeanthe polystachya (Pulle) A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Hylaeanthe unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker
Ischnosiphon arouma (Aubl.) Körn.
Ischnosiphon bambusaceus (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Ischnosiphon cannoideus L. Andersson
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG?
GU
GU
DA
GU
FG
AM
SU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU?
FG?
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
BO
DA
GU
BO
DA
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG?
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ischnosiphon centricifolius L. Andersson
Ischnosiphon enigmaticus L. Andersson
Ischnosiphon foliosus Gleason
Ischnosiphon gracilis (Rudge) Körn.
Ischnosiphon gracilis subsp. gracilis
Ischnosiphon gracilis subsp. sandwithii L. Andersson
Ischnosiphon hirsutus Petersen
Ischnosiphon leucophaeus (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Ischnosiphon leucophaeus subsp. leucophaeus
Ischnosiphon longiflorus K. Schum.
Ischnosiphon longiflorus subsp. angustifolius L. Andersson
Ischnosiphon martianus Eichler ex Petersen
Ischnosiphon obliquus (Rudge) Körn.
Ischnosiphon petiolatus (Rudge) L. Andersson
Ischnosiphon polyphyllus (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Ischnosiphon puberulus Loes.
Ischnosiphon surumuensis Loes.
Ischnosiphon ursinus L. Andersson
Koernickanthe orbiculata (Körn.) L. Andersson
Maranta amplifolia K. Schum.
Maranta arundinacea L.
Maranta friedrichsthaliana Körn.
Maranta gibba Sm.
Maranta humilis Aubl.
Maranta linearis L. Andersson
Maranta protracta Miq.
Maranta ruiziana Körn.
Maranta rupicola L. Andersson
Monophyllanthe oligophylla K. Schum.
Monotagma contractum Huber
Monotagma juruanum Loes.
Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) K. Schum.
Monotagma ovatum Hagberg
Monotagma plurispicatum (Körn.) K. Schum.
Monotagma rhodanthum Maguire & Wurdack
Monotagma secundum (Petersen) K. Schum.
Monotagma sp. nov. ined.
Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Monotagma tomentosum K. Schum. ex Loes.
Monotagma ulei K. Schum. ex Loes.
Monotagma vaginatum Hagberg
Monotagma yapacanensis Steyerm. & G.S. Bunting
Myrosma cannifolia L. f.
Stromanthe jacquinii (Roem. & Schult.) H. Kenn. & Nicolson
Stromanthe tonckat (Aubl.) Eichler
Thalia geniculata L.
115
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU?
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
FG
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
SU
BO
BO
DA
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Calathea albicans Brongn. ex K. Schum. =Calathea micans
Calathea allouia (Aubl.) Lindl. [not in flora area] =Calathea legrelleana
Calathea allouia var. violacea auct. non Calathea violacea Lindl. 1825 =Calathea latifolia
Calathea altissima auct. non (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn. 1862 =Calathea inocephala
Calathea barbillana Cufod. =Calathea inocephala
Calathea discolor G. Mey. =Calathea lutea
Calathea duidae Steyerm. =Calathea fragilis
Calathea hirsuta Standl. =Calathea villosa
Calathea klugii J.F. Macbr. =Calathea micans
Calathea laxa Poepp. & Endl. =Monotagma laxum
Calathea leucophaea Poepp. & Endl. =Ischnosiphon leucophaeus
Calathea magnifica C.V. Morton & Skutch =Calathea lutea
Calathea marantina (Willd.) K. Koch =Calathea casupito
Calathea micans var. amabilis (Linden) Petersen =Calathea micans
Calathea pardina Planch. & Linden =Calathea villosa
Calathea polyphylla Poepp. & Endl. =Ischnosiphon polyphyllus
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
116
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Calathea strobilifera (Miq.) Körn. (Zingiberaceae) =Renealmia cernua
Calathea trinitensis Britton =Calathea casupito
Calathea villosa var. pardina (Planch. & Linden) Körn. =Calathea villosa
Calathea vittata hort. ex Körn. =Calathea elliptica
Ischnosiphon gracilis var. scabra Petersen =Ischnosiphon puberulus
Ischnosiphon lasseriana Steyerm. =Ischnosiphon gracilis
Ischnosiphon plurispicatus Körn. =Monotagma plurispicatum
Ischnosiphon puberulus var. scaber (Petersen) L. Andersson =Ischnosiphon puberulus
Ischnosiphon puberulus var. verruculosus (J.F. Macbr.) L. Andersson =Ischnosiphon puberulus
Ischnosiphon secundus Petersen =Monotagma secundum
Ischnosiphon surinamensis (Miq.) Körn. =Ischnosiphon leucophaeus
Ischnosiphon verruculosous J.F. Macbr. =Ischnosiphon puberulus
Ischnosiphon violaceus Pulle =Ischnosiphon petiolatus
Maranta allouia Aubl. =Calathea legrelleana
Maranta amabilis Linden =Calathea micans
Maranta arouma Aubl. =Ischnosiphon arouma
Maranta cachibou Jacq. =Calathea lutea
Maranta casupito Jacq. =Calathea casupito
Maranta compressa A. Dietr. =Ctenanthe compressa
Maranta divaricata K. Schum. 1902 auct. non Roscoe 1828, A.M.E. Jonker & Jonker1957 =Maranta gibba
Maranta divaricata Roscoe [not in flora area]
Maranta gracilis Rudge =Ischnosiphon gracilis
Maranta jacquinii Roem. & Schult. =Stromanthe jacquinii
Maranta lutea Aubl. =Calathea lutea
Maranta lutea Jacq. =Stromanthe jacquinii
Maranta micans Mathieu =Calathea micans
Maranta obliqua Rudge =Ischnosiphon obliquus
Maranta orbiculata (Körn.) K. Schum. =Koernickanthe orbiculata
Maranta spicata Aubl. =Monotagma spicatum
Maranta strobilifera Miq. (Zingiberaceae) =Renealmia cernua
Maranta tonckat Aubl. =Stromanthe tonckat
Monotagma duidae Steyerm. =Monotagma tomentosum
Monotagma exannulatum K. Schum. =Monotagma laxum
Monotagma guianense (Körn.) K. Schum. =Monotagma plurispicatum
Monotagma parkeri (Roscoe) K. Schum. =Monotagma spicatum
Monotagma surinamense Pulle =Monotagma secundum
Myrosma polystachya Pulle =Hylaeanthe polystachya
Myrosma unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) K. Schum. =Hylaeanthe unilateralis
Phrynium altissimum Poepp. & Endl. =Calathea altissima
Phrynium densum K. Koch =Calathea densa
Phrynium ellipticum Roscoe =Calathea elliptica
Phrynium micans (Mathieu) Klotzsch =Calathea micans
Phrynium ovatum Nees & Mart. =Calathea ovata
Phrynium pusillum K. Koch =Calathea micans
Phrynium strobiliferum (Miq.) K. Koch (Zingiberaceae) =Renealmia cernua
Phyllodes inocelphalum Kuntze =Calathea inocephala
Phyllodes platyphyllum Kuntze =Calathea latifolia
Saranthe urceolata Petersen =Maranta humilis
Stromanthe lutea Eichler =Stromanthe jacquinii
Thalia latifolia (Willd. ex Link) Link ex Schult. =Calathea latifolia
Thalia trichocalyx Gagnep. =Thalia geniculata
Thalia unilateralis Poepp. & Endl. =Hylaeanthe unilateralis
Thymocarpus cannoides Nicolson, Steyerm. & Sivad. =Calathea cannoides
REFERENCES
Andersson, L. 1977. The genus Ischnosiphon. Opera Bot. 43: 1-113.
Andersson, L. 1986. Revision of Maranta subgen. Maranta. Nord. J. Bot. 6(6): 729-756.
Andersson, L. 1997. Marantaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 176-284.
Andersson, L. & H. Kennedy. 1986. Four new species of Calathea from French Guiana. Nordic J. Bot. 6(4): 447-455.
Andersson, L., H. Kennedy & M. Hagberg. Marantaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 6: 219-248.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
117
Hagberg, M. 1990. Two new species of Monotagma from the Venezuelan Guayana. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77(2): 421-424.
Jonker-Verhoef, A.M.E. & F.P. Jonker. 1957. Marantaceae. In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 149-208.
Kennedy, H. 1995. Calathea maasiorum (Marantaceae), a new species from French Guiana and Surinam. Brittonia 47(2): 156159.
MAYACACEAE
A. Lourteig†
Mayaca fluviatilis Aubl.
Mayaca longipes Mart. ex Seub.
Mayaca sellowiana Kunth
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Mayaca aubletii Michx. =Mayaca fluviatilis
REFERENCES
Lanjouw, J. 1938. Mayacaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 249-251.
Lourteig, A. 1952. Mayacaceae. Notul. Syst. 14: 234-248.
Lourteig, A. 1971. Mayacaceae. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela 3(1): 197-203.
Lourteig, A. 2001. Mayacaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
6: 260-262.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Mayacaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 284.
MUSACEAE
K. Yatskievych
Musa x paradisiaca L. [widely cultivated]
Musa spp. [cultivated only]
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Musa bihai L. (Heliconiaceae) =Heliconia bihai
Musa humilis Aubl. (Heliconiaceae) =Heliconia psittacorum
Musa sapientum L. =Musa ×paradisiaca
REFERENCES
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Musaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (Series A) 1: 1-28.
Maas, P.J.M. & M.J.M. de Rooij. 1979. Musaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 393-411.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Musaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the
New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 284-286.
Yatskievych, K. 2001. Musaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
6: 731-732.
NAJADACEAE
R.R. Haynes, L.B. Holm-Nielsen
Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus
Najas microcarpa K. Schum. [expected in GU, SU; Mt Roraima]
Najas wrightiana A. Braun [as circumscribed by Lowden, not in Guianas]
BO
BO
FG?
FG
FG?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Najas conferta (A. Braun) A. Braun [not in flora area]
Najas marina L. [widespread, perhaps expected]
Najas microdon A. Braun =Najas guadalupensis
REFERENCES
Haynes, R.R. & L.B. Holm-Nielsen. 2003. Najadaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 7: 100-101.
Lowden, R.M. 1986. Taxonomy of the genus Najas in the Neotropics. Aquatic Bot. 24: 147-184.
118
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
ORCHIDACEAE
G. Carnevali, E. Christenson, E. Foldats, I.M. Ramírez-Morillo, G.A. Romero-González,
C.A. Vargas, M. Werkhoven
Acacallis cyanea Lindl.
Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Acineta alticola C. Schweinf.
Acineta superba (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Ada keiliana (Rchb. f. ex Lindl.) N.H. Williams
Aganisia pulchella Lindl.
Aracamunia liesneri Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Aspasia variegata Lindl.
Aspidogyne confusa (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Aspidogyne foliosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Aspidogyne longicornu (Cogn.) Garay
Aspidogyne multifoliata (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Aspidogyne pumila (Cogn.) Garay
Aspidogyne robusta (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Aspidogyne steyermarkii Carnevali & Foldats
Barbosella orbicularis Luer
Baskervilla colombiana Garay
Batemannia armillata Rchb. f.
Batemannia colleyi Lindl.
Batemannia lepida Rchb. f.
Beloglottis costaricensis (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Bifrenaria longicornis Lindl.
Bifrenaria steyermarkii (Foldats) Garay & Dunst.
Bifrenaria venezuelana C. Schweinf.
Bletia altilamellata Garay
Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC.
Bletia stenophylla Schltr.
Bollea hemixantha Rchb. f.
Bollea violacea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Brachionidium brevicaudatum Rolfe
Brachionidium juliani Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Brachionidium longicaudatum Ames & C. Schweinf.
Brachionidium neblinense Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Brachionidium parvum Cogn.
Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr.
Braemia vittata (Lindl.) Jenny
Brassavola cucullata (L.) R. Br.
Brassavola gardneri Cogn.
Brassavola martiana Lindl.
Brassavola nodosa (L.) Lindl.
Brassia angusta Lindl.
Brassia bidens Lindl.
Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.
Brassia chloroleuca Barb. Rodr.
Brassia forgetiana hort. ex C. Schweinf.
Brassia huebneri Schltr.
Brassia lanceana Lindl.
Brassia lawrenceana Lindl.
Brassia macrostachya Lindl.
Brassia neglecta Rchb. f.
Brassia pumila Lindl.
Brassia villosa Lindl.
Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.
Bulbophyllum bracteolatum Lindl.
Bulbophyllum dunstervillei Garay
Bulbophyllum exaltatum Lindl.
Bulbophyllum geraense Rchb. f.
Bulbophyllum meridense Rchb. f.
Bulbophyllum meristorhachis Garay & Dunst.
Bulbophyllum oerstedii (Rchb. f.) Hemsl.
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU?
SU
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
SU
FG?
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Bulbophyllum pachyrachis (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Bulbophyllum quadrisetum Lindl.
Bulbophyllum roraimense Rolfe
Bulbophyllum setigerum Lindl.
Caluera surinamensis Dodson & Determann
Caluera vulpina Dodson & Determann
Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.
Campylocentrum hondurense Ames
Campylocentrum huebneri Mansf.
Campylocentrum lansbergii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe
Campylocentrum nataliae Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Campylocentrum pachyrrhizum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Campylocentrum panamense Ames
Campylocentrum poeppigii (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Catasetum barbatum (Lindl.) Lindl.
Catasetum barbatum var. spinosum Rolfe
Catasetum bergoldianum Foldats
Catasetum bicallosum Cogn.
Catasetum bicolor Klotzsch
Catasetum callosum Lindl.
Catasetum callosum var. carunculatum Mansf.
Catasetum collare Cogn.
Catasetum costatum Rchb. f.
Catasetum cristatum Lindl.
Catasetum deltoideum (Lindl.) Mutel
Catasetum discolor (Lindl.) Lindl.
Catasetum x dunstervillei G.A. Romero & Carnevali [natural hybrid of
C. pileatum and C. discolor]
Catasetum ferox Kraenzl.
Catasetum gnomus Linden & Rchb. f.
Catasetum gomezii G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Catasetum x guianense Jenny & G.A. Romero
Catasetum longifolium Lindl.
Catasetum luridum (Link) Lindl.
Catasetum macrocarpum Rich. ex Kunth
Catasetum maroaënse G.A. Romero & C. Gómez
Catasetum merchae G.A. Romero
Catasetum microglossum Rolfe
Catasetum ochraceum Lindl.
Catasetum parguazense G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Catasetum pileatum Rchb. f.
Catasetum planiceps Lindl.
Catasetum poriferum R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl.
Catasetum rivularium Barb. Rodr.
Catasetum x roseo-album (Hook.) Lindl. [natural hybrid of C. discolor and
C. longifolium]
Catasetum saccatum Lindl.
Catasetum x tapiriceps Rchb. f. [natural hybrid of C. macrocarpum and C.
pileatum]
Catasetum thompsonii Dodson
Catasetum x wendlingeri Foldats [natural hybrid of C. pileatum and C.
planiceps]
Catasetum yavitaënse G.A. Romero & C Gómez
Cattleya jenmanii Rolfe
Cattleya lawrenceana Rchb. f.
Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe
Caularthron bicornutum (Hook.) Raf.
Caularthron bilamellatum (Rchb. f.) R.E. Schult.
Caularthron bilamellatum f. indivisa (Bradf. ex Griseb.) Carnevali & I.
Ramírez
Chaubardia surinamensis Rchb. f.
Chaubardiella tigrina (Garay & Dunst.) Garay
Cheiradenia cuspidata Lindl.
119
SU
BO
GU
GU
AM
FG
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
GU?
GU?
GU
GU
SU?
SU?
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
SU?
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG?
SU
FG?
GU
GU
GU
GU?
AM
GU?
GU?
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
AM
BO
GU
GU?
AM
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
FG?
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
120
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Chelyorchis ampliata (Lindl.) Dressler & N.H. Williams
Cleistes grandiflora (Aubl.) Schltr.
Cleistes huberi Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Cleistes lepida (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Cleistes paludosa Rchb. f.
Cleistes parviflora Lindl.
Cleistes rosea Lindl.
Cleistes stricta (C. Schweinf.) Garay & Dunst.
Cleistes tenuis (Rchb. f. ex Griseb.) Schltr.
Cleistes triflora (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez [Mt. Roraima]
Cleistes unifoliata (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Clowesia warczewiczii (Lindl. & Paxton) Dodson
Cochleanthes flabelliformis (Sw.) R.E. Schult. & Garay
Cochleanthes guianensis Lafontaine, G. Gerlach & Senghas
Comparettia falcata Poepp. & Endl.
Coryanthes albertinae H. Karst.
Coryanthes cataniapoënsis G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Coryanthes feildingii Lindl.
Coryanthes gomezii G.A. Romero & G. Gerlach
Coryanthes macrantha (Hook.) Hook.
Coryanthes maculata Hook.
Coryanthes pegiae G.A. Romero
Coryanthes punctata Beer
Coryanthes rutkisii Foldats
Coryanthes speciosa (Hook.) Hook.
Corymborkis sp.
Cranichis diphylla Sw.
Cranichis sp.
Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr.
Cryptarrhena kegelii Rchb. f.
Cryptocentrum dunstervilleorum Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Cryptocentrum peruvianum (Cogn.) C. Schweinf.
Cryptocentrum peruvianum subsp. peruvianum
Cryptocentrum sp. nov. [Cryptocentrum peruvianum auct., Cryptocentrum
gracillimum auct.]
Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.
Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Schltr.
Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr.
Cycnoches chlorochilon Klotzsch
Cycnoches haagii Barb. Rodr.
Cycnoches loddigesii Lindl.
Cycnoches lusiae G.A. Romero & Garay
Cycnoches thurstonorum Dodson
Cyrtopodium andersonii (Lamb. ex Andrews) R. Br.
Cyrtopodium cristatum Lindl.
Cyrtopodium fowliei L.C. Menezes
Cyrtopodium graniticum G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Cyrtopodium intermedium Brade
Cyrtopodium paniculatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Cyrtopodium parviflorum Lindl.
Degranvillea dermaptera Determann
Diadenium barkeri (Lindl.) Benth. & Hook. f.
Dichaea ancoraelabia C. Schweinf.
Dichaea angustifolia H.G. Jones
Dichaea brevicaulis Cogn.
Dichaea bryophila Rchb. f.
Dichaea camaridioides Schltr. [Mt. Roraima]
Dichaea cornuta S. Moore
Dichaea histrio Rchb. f.
Dichaea hookeri Garay & H.R. Sweet
Dichaea hystricina Rchb. f.
Dichaea kegelii Rchb. f.
Dichaea latifolia Lindl.
Dichaea latifolia var. longa (Schltr.) Folsom
BO
DA
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU?
SU
SU?
GU
SU
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
AM
GU
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
FG
FG
AM
BO
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
FG?
AM
GU?
AM
AM
GU?
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
SU
SU?
SU
FG
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dichaea morrisii Fawc. & Rendle
Dichaea ochracea Lindl.
Dichaea panamensis Lindl.
Dichaea pendula (Aubl.) Cogn.
Dichaea picta Rchb. f.
Dichaea rendlei Gleason
Dichaea robusta Schltr.
Dichaea splitgerberi Rchb. f.
Dichaea tachirensis G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Dichaea trinitensis Gleason
Dichaea trulla Rchb. f.
Dichaea venezuelensis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Dichaea weigeltii Rchb. f.
Dimerandra elegans (H. Focke) Siegerist
Dimerandra emarginata (G. Mey.) Hoehne
Dipteranthus planifolius (Rchb. f.) Garay
Discyphus scopulariae (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Dryadella lueriana Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Duckeella alticola C. Schweinf. [expected in GU]
Duckeella pauciflora Garay
Dunstervillea mirabilis Garay
Elleanthus arpophyllostachys (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus brasiliensis (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus caravata (Aubl.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus cephalotus Garay & H.R. Sweet
Elleanthus columnaris (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus confusus Garay
Elleanthus crinipes Rchb. f.
Elleanthus furfuraceus (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus gracilis (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Elleanthus graminifolius (Barb. Rodr.) Lrjtnant
Elleanthus linifolius C. Presl
Elleanthus malpighiiflorus Carnevali & G.A. Romero [expected in AM;
Serra da Neblina]
Elleanthus norae Garay & Dunst.
Elleanthus sphaerocephalus Schltr.
Elleanthus trilobatus Ames & C. Schweinf.
Elleanthus wageneri (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Eloyella panamensis (Dressler) Dodson
Eltroplectris calcarata (Sw.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Encyclia auyantepuiensis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Encyclia chloroleuca (Hook.) Neumann
Encyclia cochleata (L.) Lemée
Encyclia conchaechila (Barb. Rodr.) Porto & Brade
Encyclia cordigera (Kunth) Dressler
Encyclia dichroma (Lindl.) Schltr.
Encyclia diurna (Jacq.) Schltr.
Encyclia granitica (Bateman ex Lindl.) Schltr.
Encyclia guianensis Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Encyclia ionosma (Lindl.) Schltr.
Encyclia ivonae Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Encyclia leucantha Schltr.
Encyclia longifolia Barb. Rodr.
Encyclia odoratissima (Lindl.) Schltr.
Encyclia pachyantha (Lindl.) Hoehne
Encyclia picta (Lindl.) Hoehne
Encyclia pilosa (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Encyclia remotiflora (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Encyclia selligera (Bateman ex Lindl.) Schltr. [not in flora area, fide E.
Christenson, specimens =E. granitica]
Encyclia tarumana Schltr.
Epidendrum agathosmicum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum alsum Ridl. ex Thurn
Epidendrum althausenii A.D. Hawkes
121
GU?
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU?
GU
SU
SU
DA
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
FG
GU
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
GU
GU
SU
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
SU?
DA
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
FG
SU?
FG
AM
BO
AM
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
122
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Epidendrum amazonicoriifolium Hágsater
Epidendrum anceps Jacq.
Epidendrum apaganum Mansf.
Epidendrum apuahuense Mansf.
Epidendrum attenuatum Lindl.
Epidendrum bakrense Hágsater & Cremers
Epidendrum calanthum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Epidendrum carpophorum Barb. Rodr.
Epidendrum caurense Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum chimantense Hágsater & Carnevali
Epidendrum churunense Garay & Dunst.
Epidendrum ciliare L.
Epidendrum ciliare var. squamatum Schnee
Epidendrum commelinispathum Carnevali & I. Ramírez [expected in AM;
Serra da Neblina]
Epidendrum compressum Griseb.
Epidendrum congestoides Ames & C. Schweinf.
Epidendrum cooperianum Bateman
Epidendrum coronatum Ruiz & Pav.
Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav.
Epidendrum densiflorum Hook.
Epidendrum dichaeoides Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum difforme Jacq.
Epidendrum diffusum Sw.
Epidendrum diffusum var. depauperatum Cogn. [=Epidendrum compressum?]
Epidendrum dipus Lindl.
Epidendrum durum Lindl.
Epidendrum ecostatum Pabst ex Angley
Epidendrum flexuosum G. Mey.
Epidendrum fraudulentum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum geminiflorum Kunth
Epidendrum gracillimum Lindl.
Epidendrum gramineum Lindl.
Epidendrum gratissimum (Rchb. f.) Hágsater
Epidendrum hombersleyi Summerh.
Epidendrum ibaguense Kunth
Epidendrum ibaguense Kunth x secundum Jacq.
Epidendrum imitans Schltr.
Epidendrum imthurnii Ridl. ex Thurn
Epidendrum isomerum Schltr.
Epidendrum klotzscheanum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum latilabre Lindl.
Epidendrum leucochilum Klotzsch
Epidendrum longicolle Lindl.
Epidendrum macrocarpum Rich.
Epidendrum magnicallosum C. Schweinf.
Epidendrum micronocturnum Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum microphyllum Lindl.
Epidendrum miserrimum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum montigenum Ridl. ex Thurn
Epidendrum myrmecophorum Barb. Rodr.
Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.
Epidendrum norae Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum nuriense Carnevali & Hágsater
Epidendrum nutans Sw.
Epidendrum oldemanii Christenson
Epidendrum orchidiflorum Salzm.
Epidendrum pachyphyton Garay
Epidendrum paniculatum Ruiz & Pav. [=Epidendrum densiflorum?]
Epidendrum paruimense G.A. Romero & Carnevali [expected in BO]
Epidendrum patens Sw.
Epidendrum prostratum (Lindl.) Cogn.
Epidendrum pseudoramosum Schltr.
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
AM
BO
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU?
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
AM
FG
FG
AM
BO
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU?
SU?
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
SU?
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU?
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Epidendrum purpurascens H. Focke
Epidendrum ramosum Jacq.
Epidendrum repens Cogn.
Epidendrum revertianum (Stehlé) Hágsater
Epidendrum rigidum Jacq.
Epidendrum rostratum Garay & Dunst.
Epidendrum saxatile Lindl.
Epidendrum schlechterianum Ames
Epidendrum schlimii Rchb. f.
Epidendrum sculptum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum sculptum var. linearifolium Rchb. f.
Epidendrum sculptum var. sculptum
Epidendrum secundum Jacq.
Epidendrum sertorum Garay & Dunst.
Epidendrum smaragdinum Lindl.
Epidendrum sp. A
Epidendrum splendens Schltr.
Epidendrum stalkyi Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum stamfordianum Bateman
Epidendrum stiliferum Dressler
Epidendrum strobiliferum Rchb. f.
Epidendrum strobiloides Garay & Dunst.
Epidendrum tenuifolium Lindl.
Epidendrum tridens Poepp. & Endl.
Epidendrum tumuc-humaciense (Veyret) Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Epidendrum ulei Schltr.
Epidendrum unguiculatum (C. Schweinf.) Garay & Dunst.
Epidendrum urbanianum Cogn.
Epidendrum urichianum Carnevali, Foldats & I. Ramírez
Epidendrum vincentinum Lindl.
Epidendrum violascens Ridl. ex Thurn
Epidendrum viviparum Lindl.
Epidendrum xanthium Lindl.
Epistephium amplexicaule (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
Epistephium duckei Huber
Epistephium elatum Kunth
Epistephium ellipticum R.O. Williams & Summerh.
Epistephium hernandii Garay
Epistephium lucidum Cogn.
Epistephium parviflorum Lindl.
Epistephium sclerophyllum Lindl.
Epistephium subrepens Hoehne
Eriopsis biloba Lindl.
Eriopsis rutidobulbon Hook.
Eriopsis sceptrum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Erycina glossomystax (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams & M.W. Chase
Erycina pumilio (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams & M.W. Chase
Erycina pusilla (L.) N.H. Williams & M.W. Chase
Erythrodes arietina (Rchb. f. & Warm.) Ames
Erythrodes hirtella (Sw.) Fawc. & Rendle
Erythrodes major (Presl) Ames
Erythrodes paleacea (Schltr.) Ames
Erythrodes pumila (Cogn.) Pabst
Eulophia alta (L.) Fawc. & Rendle
Eurystyles cotyledon Wawra
Galeandra badia Garay & G.A. Romero
Galeandra baueri Lindl.
Galeandra baueri var. baueri
Galeandra baueri var. lutea S. Watson
Galeandra beyrichii Rchb. f.
Galeandra carnevaliana G.A. Romero & Warford
Galeandra devoniana R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl.
Galeandra dives Rchb. f.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
123
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
DA
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG?
SU
FG
SU
SU?
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU?
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
124
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Galeandra duidensis Garay & G.A. Romero
Galeandra lagoensis Rchb. f. & Warm.
Galeandra macroplectra G.A. Romero & Warford
Galeandra magnicolumna G.A. Romero & Warford
Galeandra minax Rchb. f.
Galeandra stangeana Rchb. f.
Galeandra stylomisantha (Vell.) Hoehne
Galeottia burkei (Rchb. f.) Dressler & Christenson
Galeottia jorisiana (Rolfe) Schltr.
Gomphichis adnata (Ridl. ex Thurn) Schltr. [=Gomphichis viscosa?]
Gomphichis costaricensis (Schltr.) Ames, Hubb. & C. Schweinf.
Gomphichis viscosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Gongora atropurpurea Hook.
Gongora histrionica Rchb. f.
Gongora maculata Lindl.
Gongora nigrita Lindl.
Gongora pleiochroma Rchb. f.
Govenia utriculata (Sw.) Lindl.
Guanchezia maguirei (C. Schweinf.) G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Habenaria abortiens Lindl.
Habenaria alata Hook.
Habenaria alterosula Snuv. & Westra
Habenaria amambayensis Schltr. [expected in BO and AM]
Habenaria armata Rchb. f.
Habenaria ayangannensis Renz [expected in BO]
Habenaria caldensis Kraenzl.
Habenaria distans Griseb.
Habenaria dusenii Schltr.
Habenaria entomantha (La Llave & Lex.) Lindl.
Habenaria ernestii Schltr.
Habenaria floribunda Lindl.
Habenaria heptadactyla Rchb. f.
Habenaria huberi Carnevali & Morillo
Habenaria lehmanniana Kraenzl.
Habenaria leprieuri Rchb. f.
Habenaria longicauda Hook.
Habenaria longicauda subsp. ecalcarata Snuv. & Westra
Habenaria longicauda subsp. longicauda
Habenaria macilenta (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Habenaria mesodactyla Griseb.
Habenaria monorrhiza (Sw.) Rchb. f. [expected in the Guianas]
Habenaria montis-wilhelminae Renz
Habenaria nilssonii Foldats
Habenaria obtusa Lindl.
Habenaria odontopetala Rchb. f.
Habenaria parvidens Lindl.
Habenaria parviflora Lindl.
Habenaria platydactyla Kraenzl.
Habenaria pratensis (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Habenaria pratensis var. parviflora Cogn.
Habenaria pygmaea C. Schweinf. & R.E. Schult.
Habenaria quadrata Lindl.
Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) A. Eaton
Habenaria repens Nutt.
Habenaria rodeiensis Barb. Rodr.
Habenaria rodriquezii Cogn.
Habenaria roraimensis Rolfe [Mt. Roraima]
Habenaria santensis Barb. Rodr.
Habenaria schomburgkii Lindl. ex Benth.
Habenaria setacea Lindl.
Habenaria setacea var. setacea
Habenaria seticauda Lindl. ex Benth.
Habenaria sp. A
Habenaria sp. B
AM
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU?
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG?
SU?
SU
SU?
FG
AM
FG?
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG?
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
SU
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU?
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG?
SU?
SU?
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Habenaria sprucei Cogn.
Habenaria trifida Kunth
Helonoma americana (C. Schweinf. & Garay) Garay
Helonoma bifida (Ridl. ex Thurn) Garay
Helonoma chiropterae (Szlach.) Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Heterotaxis proboscidea (Rchb. f.) F. Barros
Heterotaxis superflua (Rchb. f.) F. Barros
Heterotaxis villosa (Barb. Rodr.) F. Barros
Heterotaxis violaceopunctata (Rchb. f.) F. Barros
Hexisea bidentata Lindl.
Hexisea imbricata (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Houlletia odoratissima Linden ex Lindl.
Houlletia roraimensis Rolfe
Huntleya lucida (Rolfe) Rolfe
Huntleya meleagris Lindl.
Huntleya sessiliflora Bateman ex Lindl.
Hylaeorchis petiolaris (Schltr.) Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Ionopsis satyrioides (Sw.) Rchb. f.
Ionopsis utricularioides (Sw.) Lindl.
Isochilus linearis (Jacq.) R. Br.
Jacquiniella globosa (Jacq.) Schltr.
Jacquiniella leucomelana (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Jacquiniella steyermarkii Carnevali & Dressler
Jacquiniella teretifolia (Sw.) Britton & P. Wilson
Kefersteinia lafontainei Senghas & G. Gerlach
Kegeliella houtteana (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams
Kegeliella orientalis G. Gerlach
Koellensteinia carraoënsis Garay & Dunst.
Koellensteinia graminea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Koellensteinia hyacinthoides Schltr.
Koellensteinia kellneriana Rchb. f.
Koellensteinia lilijae Foldats
Koellensteinia roraimae Schltr.
Koellensteinia tricolor (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Leochilus labiatus (Sw.) Kuntze
Lepanthes aithalos Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Lepanthes cercion Luer & Escobar
Lepanthes duidensis Ames & C. Schweinf.
Lepanthes dussii Urb.
Lepanthes exilis C. Schweinf.
Lepanthes helicocephala Rchb. f.
Lepanthes marahuacensis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Lepanthes pariaënsis Foldats
Lepanthes pectinata Luer
Lepanthes ruscifolia Rchb. f.
Lepanthes unitrinervis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Lepanthopsis floripecten (Rchb. f.) Ames
Lepanthopsis obliquipetala (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Luer
Lepanthopsis pulchella Garay & Dunst.
Lepanthopsis vinacea C. Schweinf.
Leucohyle mutica (Lindl.) Schltr.
Leucohyle subulata (Sw.) Schltr.
Ligeophila amazonica Garay
Ligeophila clavigera (Rchb. f.) Garay
Ligeophila juruensis (Hoehne) Garay
Ligeophila peterana (Cogn.) Garay
Ligeophila rosea (Lindl.) Garay
Ligeophila stigmatoptera (Rchb. f.) Garay
Liparis jamaicensis Lindl. ex Griseb.
Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. subsp. A
Liparis nervosa subsp. nervosa
Liparis verticillata G.A. Romero & Garay
Lockhartia acuta (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Lockhartia biserra (Rich.) Christenson & Garay
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
125
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG?
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
DA
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
FG
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
GU?
DA
GU
FG
FG
126
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lockhartia imbricata (Lam.) Hoehne
Lockhartia latilabris C. Schweinf.
Lockhartia parthenocomos Rchb. f.
Lueddemannia pescatorei (Lindl.) Linden & Rchb. f.
Lycaste fulvescens Hook.
Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Lyroglossa grisebachii (Cogn.) Schltr.
Macradenia brassavolae Rchb. f.
Macradenia loxoglottis H. Focke & Rchb. f. ex Rchb. f.
Macradenia lutescens R. Br.
Macradenia rubescens Barb. Rodr.
Macroclinium mirabile (C. Schweinf.) Dodson
Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum (H. Focke) Dodson
Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Malaxis maguirei C. Schweinf.
Malaxis umbellifera Sw.
Masdevallia cuprea Lindl.
Masdevallia guayanensis Lindl.
Masdevallia infracta Lindl.
Masdevallia manarana Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Masdevallia minuta Lindl.
Masdevallia norae Luer
Masdevallia picturata Rchb. f.
Masdevallia sprucei Rchb. f.
Masdevallia vargasii C. Schweinf.
Masdevallia wendlandiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria acutifolia Lindl.
Maxillaria alba (Hook.) Lindl.
Maxillaria albiflora Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria alpestris Lindl.
Maxillaria alticola C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams
Maxillaria auyantepuiensis Foldats
Maxillaria bolivarensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria brachybulbon Schltr.
Maxillaria caespitifica Rchb. f.
Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.
Maxillaria candida Lodd. ex Lindl.
Maxillaria chlorantha Lindl.
Maxillaria christobalensis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria colemanii Carnevali & W. Fritz [expected in GU]
Maxillaria conferta (Griseb.) C. Schweinf. ex León
Maxillaria connellii Rolfe
Maxillaria crassifolia (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria cryptobulbon Carnevali & J.T. Atwood
Maxillaria desvauxiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria discolor (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria x dunstervillei Carnevali & I. Ramírez [natural hybrid of M.
meridensis Lindl. and M. quelchii Rolfe]
Maxillaria eburnea Lindl.
Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay
Maxillaria foldatsiana Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Maxillaria grobyoides Garay & Dunst.
Maxillaria guadalupensis Cogn.
Maxillaria guareimensis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria imbricata Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria jenischiana (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria kegelii Rchb. f.
Maxillaria lasallei Foldats
Maxillaria leucaimata Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria liparophylla Summerh.
Maxillaria longipetiolata Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria loretoensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria luteoalba Lindl.
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
AM
AM
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU?
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
SU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Maxillaria mapiriensis (Kraenzl.) L.O. Williams
Maxillaria marmoliana Dodson
Maxillaria melina Lindl.
Maxillaria meridensis Lindl.
Maxillaria monacensis Kraenzl.
Maxillaria nasuta Rchb. f.
Maxillaria notylioglossa Rchb. f.
Maxillaria nuriensis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Maxillaria ochroleuca Lodd. ex Lindl.
Maxillaria ochroleuca var. longipes Sander
Maxillaria pannieri Foldats
Maxillaria parkeri Hook.
Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Maxillaria pauciflora Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria ponerantha Rchb. f.
Maxillaria porrecta Lindl.
Maxillaria prolifera Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria pterocarpa Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria pumila Hook.
Maxillaria quelchii Rolfe
Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria reichenheimiana Endres & Rchb. f.
Maxillaria rigida Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.
Maxillaria santanae Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Maxillaria schlechteri Foldats
Maxillaria scorpioidea Kraenzl.
Maxillaria setigera Lindl.
Maxillaria splendens Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria squamata Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria stenophylla Rchb. f.
Maxillaria tenuis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria uncata Lindl.
Maxillaria venezuelana (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali ined
Maxillaria xylobiiflora Schltr.
Mesadenella angustisegmenta Garay
Mesadenella cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay
Miltoniopsis santanaei Garay & Dunst.
Mormodes atropurpurea Lindl.
Mormodes buccinator Lindl.
Mormodes carnevaliana Salazar & G.A. Romero
Mormodes cucumerina Pabst
Mormodes igneum Lindl. & Paxton
Mormodes orinocoensis Salazar & G.A. Romero
Mormodes vernixioidea Pabst
Mormodes vernixioidea subsp. autanensis G.A. Romero & Salazar
Mormodes vernixium Rchb. f.
Myoxanthus octomeriae (Schltr.) Luer
Myoxanthus parahybunensis (Barb. Rodr.) Luer
Myoxanthus parvilabius (C. Schweinf.) Luer
Myoxanthus reymondii (H. Karst.) Luer
Myoxanthus simplicicaulis (C. Schweinf.) Luer
Myoxanthus speciosus (Luer) Luer
Myoxanthus trachychlamys (Schltr.) Luer
Nidema ottonis (Rchb. f.) Britton & Millsp.
Notylia angustifolia Cogn.
Notylia aromatica Barker ex Lindl.
Notylia bungerothii Rchb. f.
Notylia durandiana Cogn.
Notylia fragrans H. Focke
Notylia laxa Rchb. f.
Notylia longispicata Hoehne & Schltr.
Notylia micrantha Lindl.
Notylia microchila Cogn.
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
127
GU
DA
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
DA
BO
BO
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU?
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
GU
SU
BO
GU?
SU
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG
DA
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
GU?
SU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
128
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Notylia pentachne Rchb. f.
Notylia peruviana (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.
Notylia platyglossa Schltr.
Notylia rhombilabia C. Schweinf.
Notylia sagittifera (Kunth) Link, Klotzsch & Otto
Notylia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.
Octomeria amazonica Pabst
Octomeria anomala Garay & Dunst.
Octomeria apiculata (Lindl.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Octomeria connellii Rolfe
Octomeria cordilabia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria dentifera C. Schweinf.
Octomeria erosilabia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria exigua C. Schweinf.
Octomeria filifolia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria flaviflora C. Schweinf.
Octomeria gemmula Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Octomeria graminifolia R. Br.
Octomeria heleneana Carnevali & Delascio
Octomeria integrilabia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria lancipetala C. Schweinf.
Octomeria minor C. Schweinf.
Octomeria monticola C. Schweinf.
Octomeria nana C. Schweinf.
Octomeria oxychela Barb. Rodr.
Octomeria parvifolia Rolfe
Octomeria parvula C. Schweinf.
Octomeria petulans Rchb. f.
Octomeria rhizomatosa C. Schweinf.
Octomeria romerorum Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Octomeria sarthouae Luer
Octomeria scirpoidea (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Octomeria sp. A
Octomeria spathulata Rchb. f.
Octomeria splendida Garay & Dunst.
Octomeria steyermarkii Garay & Dunst.
Octomeria surinamensis H. Focke
Octomeria tapiricataractae G.A. Romero & C.A. Luer
Octomeria taracuana Schltr.
Octomeria yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.
Odontoglossum naevium Lindl.
Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Oliveriana egregia Rchb. f.
Oncidium baueri Lindl.
Oncidium boothianum Rchb. f.
Oncidium citrinum Lindl.
Oncidium dactyliferum Garay & Dunst.
Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Oncidium luridum Lindl.
Oncidium nigratum Lindl.
Oncidium orthostates Ridl. ex Thurn
Oncidium pirarense Rchb. f.
Oncidium sphacelatum Lindl.
Oncidium tenellum F. Gérard
Oncidium warmingii Rchb. f.
Ondidium pardalis Rchb. f.
Ophidion pleurothallopsis (Kraenzl.) Luer
Orleanesia amazonica Barb. Rodr.
Orleanesia maculata Garay
Orleanesia yauaperyensis (Schltr.) Barb. Rodr.
Ornithocephalus bicornis Lindl.
Ornithocephalus bonplandii Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus brachyceras G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Ornithocephalus ciliatus Lindl.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
SU
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ornithocephalus dasyrhizus Kraenzl.
Ornithocephalus falcatus H. Focke
Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook.
Ornithocephalus kruegeri Rchb. f.
Otoglossum arminii (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Otoglossum globuliferum (Kunth) N.H. Williams & M.W. Chase
Otoglossum scansor (Rchb. f.) Carnevali & I. Ramirez
Otostylis brachystalix (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Otostylis lepida (Linden & Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Palmorchis guianensis (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. & Correll
Palmorchis kuhlmannii (Schltr.) L.O. Williams
Palmorchis lobulata (Mansf.) C. Schweinf. & Correll
Palmorchis pabstii Veyret
Palmorchis prospectorum Veyret
Palmorchis puber (Cogn.) Garay
Palmorchis pubescens Barb. Rodr.
Palmorchis trilobulata L.O. Williams
Paphinia cristata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Paphinia dunstervillei Dodson & G.A. Romero
Paphinia lindeniana Rchb. f.
Pelexia callifera (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Pelexia delicatula Szlach. & Veyret
Pelexia goninensis (Pulle) Schltr.
Pelexia laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Peristeria aspersa Rolfe
Peristeria cerina Lindl.
Peristeria pendula Hook.
Peristeria rossiana Rchb. f.
Peristeria selligera Rchb. f.
Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium klotzschianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium lindleyanum (R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl.) Rolfe
Pinelianthe alticola (Garay & Dunst.) S. Rauschert
Platystele johnstonii (Ames) Garay
Platystele ovalifolia (H. Focke) Garay & Dunst.
Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Platystele stenostachya (Rchb. f.) Garay
Platythelys maculata (Hook.) Garay
Plectrophora cultrifolia (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn.
Plectrophora iridifolia H. Focke
Pleurothallis aondae Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis arachnopsis H.G. Jones
Pleurothallis archidiaconi Ames
Pleurothallis arenicola (Carnevali & I. Ramírez) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis aristata Hook.
Pleurothallis aspasicensis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis barboselloides Schltr.
Pleurothallis barbulata Lindl.
Pleurothallis barthelemyi Luer
Pleurothallis biglandulosa Schltr.
Pleurothallis brevipes H. Focke
Pleurothallis cabellensis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis callifera C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis ciliolata Schltr.
Pleurothallis coriacardia Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis corniculata Lindl.
Pleurothallis curvifructa H.G. Jones [possibly =P. archidiaconi]
Pleurothallis deborana Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis determannii Luer
Pleurothallis discoidea Lindl.
Pleurothallis discophylla Luer & Carnevali
Pleurothallis elvirana Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis ephemera Lindl.
Pleurothallis erebatensis Carnevali & G.A. Romero
129
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU?
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
DA
GU
AM
FG
GU?
BO
AM
FG
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU?
GU
GU
GU?
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
AM
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
BO
BO
DA
FG
BO
AM
AM
GU
BO
130
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis exigua Cogn.
Pleurothallis floribunda Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis fockei Lindl.
Pleurothallis funerea (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn.
Pleurothallis galeata Lindl.
Pleurothallis garciae Luer
Pleurothallis geographica Luer
Pleurothallis glandulosa Ames
Pleurothallis granitica Luer & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis grobyi Bateman ex Lindl.
Pleurothallis hexandra Garay & Dunst.
Pleurothallis hilariana Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis hitchcockii Ames
Pleurothallis holstii Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis humilis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis hymenantha Lindl.
Pleurothallis imraei Lindl.
Pleurothallis ionantha Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis kerrii Braga
Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.
Pleurothallis lancipetala (H. Karst.) Schltr.
Pleurothallis lappiformis A.H. Heller & L.O. Williams
Pleurothallis longisepala Barb. Rodr.
Pleurothallis loranthophylla Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis maguirei Luer
Pleurothallis mentosa Cogn.
Pleurothallis minima C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis miqueliana (H. Focke) Lindl.
Pleurothallis monophylla (Hook.) Fawc. & Rendle
Pleurothallis morilloi Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis moritzii Rchb. f. [Mt. Roraima]
Pleurothallis nanifolia Foldats
Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis omissa Luer
Pleurothallis omoglossa Luer
Pleurothallis parvifolia Lindl.
Pleurothallis pemonum Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis phoenicoptera Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis picta Lindl.
Pleurothallis polygonoides Griseb.
Pleurothallis prolifera Herb. ex Lindl.
Pleurothallis pruinosa Lindl.
Pleurothallis pubescens Lindl.
Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Pleurothallis rhombipetala Rolfe
Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R. Br.
Pleurothallis samacensis Ames
Pleurothallis sandaliorum G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Pleurothallis sarcosepala Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis sclerophylla Lindl.
Pleurothallis secunda Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis semperflorens Lindl.
Pleurothallis seriata Lindl.
Pleurothallis sp. A
Pleurothallis spiculifera Lindl.
Pleurothallis steinbuchiae Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis stenocardium Schltr.
Pleurothallis suspensa Luer
Pleurothallis tepuiensis Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Pleurothallis testifolia (Sw.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis tridentata Klotzsch
Pleurothallis trinitensis (Griseb.) Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Pleurothallis uniflora Lindl.
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
FG?
GU
AM
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM?
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
SU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pleurothallis velaticaulis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis wilsonii Lindl.
Pleurothallis yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.
Pleurothallis zephyrina Rchb. f.
Polycycnis surinamensis C. Schweinf.
Polyotidium huebneri (Mansf.) Garay
Polystachya amazonica Schltr.
Polystachya cavanayensis Garay & Dunst.
Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Polystachya d’agremondiana Kraenzl. [dubious species]
Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Ponthieva diptera Linden & Rchb. f.
Ponthieva ovatilabia C. Schweinf.
Prescottia auyantepuiensis Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Prescottia carnosa C. Schweinf.
Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.
Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl.
Prescottia tepuyensis Carnevali & C.A. Vargas
Prosthechea aemula (Lindl.) W.E. Higgins
Prosthechea calamaria (Lindl.) W.E. Higgins
Prosthechea crassilabia (Poepp. & Endl.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Prosthechea fragrans (Sw.) W.E Higgins [in Guianas records may
=Prosthechea aemula]
Prosthechea jauana (Carnevali & I. Ramírez) W.E. Higgins
Prosthechea pygmaea (Hook.) W.E. Higgins
Prosthechea tigrina (Linden ex Lindl.) W.E. Higgins
Prosthechea vespa (Vell.) W.E. Higgins
Psilochilus dusenianus Kraenzl. ex Garay & Dunst.
Psilochilus macrophyllus (Lindl.) Ames
Psilochilus physurifolius (Rchb. f.) Lojtnant
Psychopsis kramerianum (Rchb. f.) H.G. Jones
Psychopsis papilio (Lindl.) H.G. Jones
Psychopsis versteegianum (Pulle) Lückel & Braem
Pterichis galeata Lindl.
Quekettia microscopica Lindl.
Quekettia papillosa Garay
Quekettia vermeuleniana Determann
Reichenbachanthus reflexus (Lindl.) Brade
Restrepiopsis tubulosa (Lindl.) Luer
Rodriguezia batemanii Poepp. & Endl.
Rodriguezia candida (Bateman ex Lindl.) Christenson
Rodriguezia cinnabarina H.G. Jones
Rodriguezia flavida Garay & Dunst.
Rodriguezia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Rodriguezia leeana Rchb. f.
Rodriguezia luteola N.E. Br.
Rudolfiella aurantiaca (Lindl.) Hoehne
Rudolfiella bicornaria (Rchb. f.) Hoehne
Sacoila hassleri (Cogn.) Garay
Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay
Sarcoglottis acaulis (Sm.) Schltr.
Sarcoglottis amazonica Pabst
Sarcoglottis aphylla (Ridl. ex Thurn) Schltr.
Sarcoglottis degranvillei Szlach. & Veyret
Sarcoglottis grandiflora (Lindl.) Klotzsch
Sarcoglottis metallica (Rolfe) Schltr.
Sarcoglottis rupestris (Lindl.) Barb. Rodr.
Sarcoglottis sagittata (Rchb. f. & Warm.) Schltr.
Sarcoglottis simplex (Griseb.) Schltr.
Sarcoglottis stergiosii Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Scaphosepalum breve (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Scaphyglottis bifida (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.
Scaphyglottis boliviensis (Rolfe) B.R. Adams
Scaphyglottis dunstervillei (Garay) Foldats
131
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
BO
DA
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG?
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
132
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Scaphyglottis felskyi (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Scaphyglottis fusiformis (Griseb.) R.E. Schult.
Scaphyglottis graminifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
Scaphyglottis grandiflora Ames & C. Schweinf.
Scaphyglottis leucantha Rchb. f.
Scaphyglottis lindeniana (A. Rich. & Galeotti) L.O. Williams
Scaphyglottis michelangeliorum Carnevali & Steyerm.
Scaphyglottis modesta (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Scaphyglottis ochroleuca Schltr.
Scaphyglottis prolifera Cogn.
Scaphyglottis propinqua C. Schweinf.
Scaphyglottis sessilis (Rchb. f.) Foldats
Scaphyglottis sickii Pabst
Scaphyglottis stellata Lodd. ex Lindl.
Scelochilus ecalcaratus Determann
Scelochilus ottonis Klotzsch
Scelochilus paraguaensis Garay & Dunst.
Schlimia alpina Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. [records in Guianas may =S. marginata]
Schomburgkia gloriosa Rchb. f.
Schomburgkia heidii Carnevali
Schomburgkia marginata Lindl.
Schomburgkia rosea Linden ex Lindl.
Schomburgkia undulata Lindl.
Scuticaria hadwenii hort. ex Planch.
Scuticaria hadwenii hort. var. dodgsoni (B.S. Wms.) Stein
Scuticaria steelei (Hook.) Lindl.
Selenipedium palmifolium (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Selenipedium steyermarkii Foldats
Sievekingia jenmanii Rchb. f.
Sigmatostalix amazonica Schltr.
Sigmatostalix huebneri Mansf.
Sobralia candida (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Sobralia crocea (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Sobralia dichotoma Ruiz & Pav.
Sobralia fimbriata Poepp. & Endl.
Sobralia fragrans Lindl.
Sobralia granitica G.A. Romero & Carnevali
Sobralia infundibuligera Garay & Dunst.
Sobralia liliastrum Lindl.
Sobralia macrophylla Rchb. f.
Sobralia oliva-estevae Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Sobralia sessilis Lindl.
Sobralia speciosa C. Schweinf.
Sobralia stenophylla Lindl.
Sobralia suaveolens Rchb. f.
Sobralia valida Rolfe
Sobralia violacea Linden ex Lindl.
Solenidium lunatum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.
Spiranthes tenuis Lindl.
Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Stanhopea candida Barb. Rodr.
Stanhopea grandiflora (Lodd.) Lindl.
Stanhopea wardii Lodd. ex Lindl.
Stelis alata Lindl.
Stelis aprica Lindl.
Stelis argentata Lindl.
Stelis aviceps Lindl.
Stelis bangii Rolfe
Stelis cucullata Ames
Stelis cuprea Lindl. [dubious record]
Stelis effusa Schltr.
Stelis fendleri Lindl.
Stelis fraterna Lindl.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
BO
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU?
GU
SU?
SU?
FG?
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU?
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU?
DA
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
GU?
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Stelis garayi (Dunst.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Stelis grandiflora Lindl.
Stelis guianensis Rolfe
Stelis intermedia Poepp. & Endl.
Stelis latisepala C. Schweinf.
Stelis maxima Lindl.
Stelis minimiflora Schltr.
Stelis muscifera Lindl.
Stelis obovata C. Schweinf.
Stelis ophioglossoides (Jacq.) Jacq.
Stelis papaquerensis Rchb. f.
Stelis perparva C. Schweinf.
Stelis pusilla Kunth
Stelis pygmaea Cogn.
Stelis santiagoensis Mansf.
Stelis schomburgkii Fawc. & Rendle
Stelis tolimensis Schltr.
Stelis tridentata Lindl.
Stelis tristyla Lindl.
Stelis zonata Rchb. f. [=Stelis muscifera?]
Stellilabium alticolum Dodson & R. Escobar
Stenia pallida Lindl.
Stictophyllorchis pygmaea (Cogn.) Carnevali & Dodson
Teuscheria dodsonii Dressler
Teuscheria wageneri (Rchb. f.) Garay
Trichocentrum carthagenense (Jacq.) M.W. Chase & N.H. Williams
Trichocentrum cebolleta (Jacq.) M.W. Chase & N.H. Williams
Trichocentrum fuscum Lindl.
Trichocentrum lanceanum (Lindl.) M.W. Chase & N.H. Williams
Trichocentrum nanum (Lindl.) M.W. Chase & N.H. Williams
Trichocentrum purpureum Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Trichocentrum recurvum Lindl.
Trichopilia aenigma Garay
Trichopilia oicophylax Rchb. f.
Trichopilia wageneri Rchb. f.
Trichosalpinx cedralensis (Ames) Luer
Trichosalpinx ciliaris (Lindl.) Luer
Trichosalpinx dura (Lindl.) Luer
Trichosalpinx egleri (Pabst) Luer
Trichosalpinx intricata (Lindl.) Luer
Trichosalpinx memor (Rchb. f.) Luer
Trichosalpinx orbicularis (Lindl.) Luer
Trichosalpinx oxychilos Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Trichosalpinx patula Luer
Trichosalpinx pumila (Luer) Luer
Trichosalpinx pusilla (Kunth) Luer
Trichosalpinx roraimensis (Rolfe) Luer
Trichosalpinx steyermarkii Luer
Trigonidium acuminatum Bateman ex Lindl.
Trigonidium egertonianum Bateman ex Lindl.
Trigonidium macranthum Barb. Rodr.
Trigonidium obtusum Lindl.
Triphora amazonica Schltr.
Triphora surinamensis (Lindl. ex Benth.) Britton & P. Wilson
Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer
Trizeuxis falcata Lindl.
Uleiorchis liesneri Carnevali & I. Ramírez
Uleiorchis ulaei (Cogn.) Handro
Vanilla acuta Rolfe
Vanilla appendiculata Rolfe
Vanilla barrereana Veyret & Szlach.
Vanilla bicolor Lindl.
Vanilla chamissonis Klotzsch
Vanilla cristato-callosa Hoehne
AM
133
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
FG
SU
AM
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
GU
SU?
SU?
FG
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
DA
SU
GU
SU?
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
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FG
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FG
134
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Vanilla fimbriata Rolfe
Vanilla gardneri Rolfe
Vanilla grandiflora Lindl.
Vanilla grandifolia Lindl.
Vanilla guianensis Splitg. [name of uncertain application; =V. mexicana?
V. grandiflora?]
Vanilla hostmanni Rolfe
Vanilla latisegmenta Ames & C. Schweinf.
Vanilla leprieurii PortPres
Vanilla marowynensis Pulle
Vanilla mexicana Mill.
Vanilla odorata C. Presl
Vanilla ovata Rolfe
Vanilla palmarum (Salzm. ex Lindl.) Lindl.
Vanilla penicillata Garay & Dunst.
Vanilla planifolia Andrews
Vanilla porteresiana Veyret & Szlach.
Vanilla surinamensis Rchb. f.
Vanilla wrightii Rchb. f.
Vargasiella venezuelana C. Schweinf.
Wullschlaegelia calcarata Benth.
Xerorchis amazonica Schltr.
Xerorchis trichorhiza (Kraenzl.) Garay
Xylobium chapadense (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn.
Xylobium colleyi (Bateman ex Lindl.) Rolfe
Xylobium foveatum (Lindl.) G. Nicholson
Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hook.) G. Nicholson
Xylobium palmifolium (Sw.) Benth. ex Fawc.
Xylobium variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay & Dunst.
Zygosepalum angustilabium (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Zygosepalum kegelii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Zygosepalum labiosum (Rich.) Garay
Zygosepalum lindeniae (Rolfe) Garay & Dunst.
Zygosepalum tatei (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Garay & Dunst.
Zygostates sp. nov.
GU
AM
BO
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG?
SU
SU
GU
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
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SU
FG
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FG
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AM
AM
AM
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BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acianthera fockei (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis fockei
Acianthera garciae (Luer) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis garciae
Acianthera lanceana Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis lanceana
Acianthera miqueliana (H. Focke) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis miqueliana
Acianthera omissa (Luer) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis omissa
Acianthera prolifera (Herb. ex Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis prolifera
Acianthera wilsonii (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis wilsonii
Acianthera yauaperyensis (Barb. Rodr.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis yauaperyensis
Acoidium fuscum Lindl. [nomen nudum] =Trichocentrum fuscum
Adeneleutherophora graminifolia Barb. Rodr. =Elleanthus graminifolius
Adipe longicornis (Lindl.) M. Wolfe =Bifrenaria longicornis
Aeranthus pachyrrhizus Rchb. f. =Campylocentrum pachyrrhizum
Aganisia alba Ridl. ex Thurn =Otostylis lepida
Aganisia brachypoda Schltr. =Aganisia pulchella
Aganisia cyanea (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Acacallis cyanea
Aganisia fimbriata Rchb. f. =Acacallis fimbriata
Aganisia lepida Linden & Rchb. f. =Otostylis lepida
Aganisia venusta (Ridl. ex Oliv.) Rolfe =Otostylis lepida
Anacheilium calamarium (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho & Pinto =Prosthechea calamaria
Anathallis barbulata (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis barbulata
Anathallis brevipes (H. Focke) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis brevipes
Anathallis maguirei (Luer) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis maguirei
Anathallis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis sclerophylla
Angraecum fasciola Lindl. =Campylocentrum fasciola
Angraecum lansbergii Rchb. f. =Campylocentrum lansbergii
Angraecum maculatum Lindl. =Oeceoclades maculata
Angraecum micranthum Lindl. =Campylocentrum micranthum
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
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FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
135
Angraecum poeppigii Rchb. f. =Campylocentrum poeppigii
Anthereon mentosus (Cogn.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis mentosa
Apatostelis alata (Lindl.) Garay =Stelis alata
Apatostelis garayi Dunst. =Stelis garayi
Apatostelis minimiflora (Schltr.) Garay =Stelis minimiflora
Aspegrenia scirpoidea Poepp. & Endl. =Octomeria scirpoidea
Aulizia ciliaris (L.) Salisb. =Epidendrum ciliare
Barbosella kegelii (Rchb. f.) Schltr. =Pleurothallis hexandra
Baskervilla venezuelana Garay & Dunst. [not in flora area]
Beadlea bifida (Ridl.) Garay & Dunst. =Helonoma chiropterae
Beadlea bifida (Ridl. ex Oliv.) Garay & Dunst. =Helonoma bifida
Beadlea cranichoides (Griseb.) Small =Cyclopogon cranichoides
Beadlea elata (Sw.) Small ex Britton =Cyclopogon elatus
Beloglottis americana (C. Schweinf. & Garay) Szlach. =Helonoma americana
Beloglottis bifida (Ridl. ex Oliv.) Szlach. =Helonoma bifida
Beloglottis chiropterae Szlach. =Helonoma chiropterae
Bifrenaria aurantiaca Lindl. =Rudolfiella aurantiaca
Bifrenaria bicornaria Rchb. f. =Rudolfiella bicornaria
Bifrenaria maguirei C. Schweinf. =Guanchezia maguirei
Bifrenaria minuta Garay =Hylaeorchis petiolaris
Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoehne) Carnevali & G.A. Romero =Hylaeorchis petiolaris
Bifrenaria sabulosa Barb. Rodr. =Bifrenaria longicornis
Bifrenaria wageneri Rchb. f. =Teuscheria wageneri
Bletia verecunda R. Br. =Bletia purpurea
Bolbophyllaria oerstedii Rchb. f. =Bulbophyllum oerstedii
Bollea cardonae Schnee =Bollea hemixantha
Bollea guyanensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum]
Bonatea macilenta (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Habenaria macilenta
Bonatea pauciflora Lindl. =Habenaria trifida
Bonatea pratensis Lindl. =Habenaria pratensis
Brassavola angustata Lindl. =Brassavola martiana
Brassavola surinamensis H. Focke =Brassavola martiana
Brassia attenuata H.G. Jones =Brassia chloroleuca
Brassia cochleata Knowles & Westc. =Brassia lawrenceana
Brassia verrucosa auct., non Lindl. =Brassia spp.
Bulbophyllum correae Pabst =Bulbophyllum setigerum
Bulbophyllum pachyrrhachis auct. non (A. Rich.) Griseb. 1864, sensu Dunst. & Garay =Bulbophyllum oerstedii
Burlingtonia candida Bateman ex Lindl. =Rodriguezia candida
Camaridium album (Hook.) Hoehne =Maxillaria alba
Camaridium amazonicum Schltr. =Maxillaria camaridii
Camaridium equitans Schltr. =Maxillaria equitans
Camaridium iguapensis (Hoehne & Schltr.) Hoehne =Maxillaria imbricata
Camaridium imbricatum (Barb. Rodr.) Hoehne =Maxillaria imbricata
Camaridium ochroleucum Lindl. =Maxillaria camaridii
Camaridium pendulum Barb. Rodr. =Maxillaria rigida
Camaridium squamatum (Barb. Rodr.) Hoehne =Maxillaria squamata
Camaridium uncatum (Lindl.) Hoehne =Maxillaria uncata
Camaridium vandiforme Schltr. =Maxillaria equitans
Campylocentrum burchellii Cogn. [not in flora area]
Campylocentrum micranthum auct. non (Lindl.) Rolfe 1903: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Campylocentrum panamense p.p., C.
lansbergii p.p.
Campylocentrum steyermarkii Foldats =Campylocentrum hondurense
Campylocentrum uroplectron Pabst =Campylocentrum huebneri
Catasetum apertum Rolfe =Catasetum ×tapiriceps
Catasetum bicallosum auct. non Cogn. 1894: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Catasetum parguazense
Catasetum bungerothii N.E. Br. =Catasetum pileatum
Catasetum chloranthum Cogn. =Catasetum planiceps
Catasetum comosum Cogn. =Catasetum barbatum
Catasetum discolor var. roseo-album (Hook.) Mansf. =Catasetum x roseo-album
Catasetum fuliginosum Lindl. ? =Catasetum callosum var. carunculatum
Catasetum gongoroides Kraenzl. =Catasetum bicolor
Catasetum recurvatum Link =Catasetum planiceps
Catasetum scurra Rchb. f. =Clowesia warczewiczii
Catasetum splendens Cogn. =Catasetum ×tapiriceps
136
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Catasetum stenoglossum Pabst =Catasetum bicallosum
Catasetum warczewiczii Lindl. & Paxton =Clowesia warczewiczii
Cattleya liliastrum (Lindl.) Beer =Sobralia liliastrum
Cattleya pumila R.H. Schomb. =Cattleya lawrenceana
Cattleya schomburgkii Lodd. ex Lindl. =Cattleya violacea
Cattleya superba R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl. =Cattleya violacea
Cattleya violacea (Linden ex Lindl.) Beer =Sobralia violacea
Caularthron indivisum (Bradf. ex Griseb.) Garay & Dunst =Caularthron bilamellatum f. indivisa
Centrogenium calcaratum (Sw.) Schltr. =Eltroplectris calcarata
Centrogenium setaceum (Lindl.) Schltr. =Eltroplectris calcarata
Centroglossa peruviana Cogn. =Cryptocentrum peruvianum
Ceratochilus grandiflorus Lodd. =Stanhopea grandiflora
Chaenanthe barkeri Lindl. =Diadenium barkeri
Chamelophyton kegelii (Rchb. f.) Garay =Pleurothallis hexandra
Chaubardia tigrina Garay & Dunst. =Chaubardiella tigrina
Cheiradenia imthurnii Cogn. =Cheiradenia cuspidata
Cladobium violaceum Lindl. =Scaphyglottis graminifolia
Cleistes moritzii (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst. =Cleistes lepida
Cochleanthes amazonica (Rchb. f.) Schult. & Garay [not in flora area]
Cohniella cebolleta (Jacq.) Christenson =Trichocentrum cebolleta
Coryanthes speciosa var. punctata (Beer) G. Gerlach =Coryanthes punctata
Cranichis alfredi Schltr. =Cranichis diphylla
Cranichis guatemalensis Schltr. =Cranichis diphylla
Cranichis monophylla Lindl. =Cranichis diphylla
Cranichis nigrescens Schltr. =Cranichis diphylla
Cranichis oligantha Sw. =Prescottia oligantha
Cranichis ovatilabia Schltr. =Cranichis diphylla
Cranichis stachyodes Sw. =Prescottia stachyodes
Cranichis stictophylla Schltr. =Cranichis diphylla
Cryptarrhena acrensis Schltr. =Cryptarrhena guatemalensis
Cryptarrhena ghillanyi Pabst =Cryptarrhena guatemalensis
Cryptarrhena lunata auct., non R. Br. =Cryptarrhena kegelii
Cryptocentrum gracillimum auct. non Ames & C. Schweinf. 1925: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Cryptocentrum dunstervilleorum
Cryptocentrum hoppii Schltr. =Cryptocentrum peruvianum subsp. peruvianum
Cryptophoranthus pleurothallopsis Kraenzl. =Ophidion pleurothallopsis
Cyathoglottis candida Poepp. & Endl. =Sobralia candida
Cyclopogon bifidus (Ridl. ex Oliv.) Schltr. =Helonoma bifida
Cyclopogon stictophyllus Schltr. =Cyclopogon olivaceus
Cycnoches cucullata Lindl. =Cycnoches loddigesii
Cycnoches pescatorei Lindl. =Lueddemannia pescatorei
Cycnoches ventricosum var. chlorochilon (Klotzsch) P. Allen =Cycnoches chlorochilon
Cycnoches versicolor Rchb. f. =Cycnoches haagii
Cymbidium andersonii Lamb. ex Andrews =Cyrtopodium andersonii
Cymbidium cordigerum Kunth =Encyclia cordigera
Cymbidium diurnum (Jacq.) Sw. =Encyclia diurna
Cymbidium ochroleucum (Lindl.) Lindl. =Maxillaria camaridii
Cymbidium violaceum Kunth =Cattleya violacea
Cypripedium klotzschianum Rchb. f. =Phragmipedium klotzschianum
Cypripedium lindleyanum R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl. =Phragmipedium lindleyanum
Cypripedium palmifolium Lindl. =Selenipedium palmifolium
Cypripedium schomburgkianum Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. =Phragmipedium klotzschianum
Cyrtopera longifolia Rchb. f. =Eulophia alta
Cyrtopodium broadwayi Ames =Cyrtopodium parviflorum
Cyrtopodium eburnea Barb. Rodr. =Koellensteinia tricolor
Cyrtopodium flavescens Cogn. =Cyrtopodium andersonii
Cyrtopodium glutiniferum Raddi [dubious in Guianas]
Cyrtopodium punctatum (L.) Lindl. [dubious in Guianas]
Dendrobium album Hook. =Maxillaria alba
Dendrobium cebolleta Jacq. =Trichocentrum cebolleta
Diacrium amazonicum Schltr. =Caularthron bicornutum
Diacrium bicornutum (Hook.) Benth. =Caularthron bicornutum
Diacrium bilamellatum (Rchb. f.) Hemsl. =Caularthron bilamellatum
Diacrium venezuelanum Schltr. =Caularthron bilamellatum
Dichaea ancoraelabia C. Schweinf. [not in flora area. Peruvian taxon]
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
137
Dichaea brachypoda auct. non Rchb. f 1866: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Dichaea camaridioides
Dichaea brachypoda Rchb. f. [Costa Rican taxon, name widely misapplied]
Dichaea echinocarpa (Sw.) Lindl. [nom. illeg.] =Dichaea pendula
Dichaea graminoides (Sw.) Lindl. [name (mis?)applied to Dichaea rendlei in Guianas]
Dichaea histrio auct. non Rchb. f. 1859: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Dichaea tachirensis
Dichaea kegelii auct. non Rchb. f. 1877: sensu Dunst. and Garay =Dichaea splitgerberi
Dichaea longa Schltr. =Dichaea latifolia var. longa
Dichaea morrisii auct. non Fawc. & Rendle 1910: sensu Dunst. and Garay =Dichaea kegelii, p.p., Dichaea robusta, p.p.
Dichaea muricata auct. non (Sw.) Lindl. 1833: sensu Dunst. and Garay =Dichaea latifolia var. longa
Dichaea muricata auct. non (Sw.) Lindl. 1833: sensu J. Folsom =Dichaea robusta
Dichaea muricata (Sw.) Lindl. [rejected name]
Dichaea pendula var. swartzii C. Schweinf. [nom. illeg.] =Dichaea pendula
Dichaea rendlei var. rendlei auct. non Gleason 1927: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Dichaea trinitensis
Dichaea rendlei var. trinitensis auct. non (Gleason) Foldats 1959: sensu Dunst. and G =Dichaea hookeri
Dichaea rendlei var. trinitensis (Gleason) Foldats =Dichaea trinitensis
Dichaea swartzii (C. Schweinf.) Garay & H.R. Sweet =Dichaea pendula
Dicrypta bicolor Paxton ex Planch. =Maxillaria discolor
Dicrypta discolor Lodd. ex Lindl. =Maxillaria discolor
Dicrypta longifolia Barb. Rodr. =Heterotaxis superflua
Dicrypta villosa Barb. Rodr. =Heterotaxis villosa
Didactyle exaltata (Lindl.) Lindl. =Bulbophyllum exaltatum
Didactyle meridensis (Rchb. f.) Lindl. =Bulbophyllum meridense
Dikylikostigma preusii Kraenzl. =Discyphus scopulariae
Dimerandra isthmii Schltr. =Dimerandra elegans
Dimerandra stenopetala auct., non (Hook.) Schltr. [name widely misapplied] =Dimerandra spp.
Diothonea gratissima Rchb. f. =Epidendrum gratissimum
Diothonea imbricata Lindl. =Hexisea imbricata
Dipteranthus peruvianus Schltr. =Notylia peruviana
Duboisia reymondii H. Karst. =Myoxanthus reymondii
Duckeella adolphii auct. non Porto et Brade 1940: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Duckeella pauciflora
Echinella aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis aspasicensis
Echinella lappiformis (A.H. Heller & L.O. Williams) Pridgeon & M. W. Chase =Pleurothallis lappiformis
Echinosepala aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis aspasicensis
Echinosepala lappiformis (A.H. Heller & L.O. Williams) Pridgeon & M. W. Chase =Pleurothallis lappiformis
Elleanthus attenuatus J.R. Johnst. =Elleanthus arpophyllostachys
Elleanthus kermesinus auct. non (Lindl.) Rchb. f. 1862: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Elleanthus confusus
Elleanthus linifolius auct., non C. Presl =Elleanthus graminifolius
Elleanthus puber Cogn. =Palmorchis puber
Elleanthus pusillus Schltr. =Elleanthus graminifolius
Elleanthus strobilifer (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f. [not in flora area]
Elleanthus virgatus auct. non (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf. 1938: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Elleanthus confusus
Encyclia abbreviata auct., non (Schltr.) Dressler =Prosthechea calamaria
Encyclia acuta auct. non Schltr. 1825: sensu Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Encyclia chloroleuca
Encyclia aemula (Lindl.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Prosthechea aemula
Encyclia amicta auct. non (Linden & Rchb.) Schltr. 1919: sensu Carnevali & I. Ra =Encyclia pilosa p.p., Encyclia
conchaechila p.p.
Encyclia atropurpurea Schltr. =Encyclia cordigera
Encyclia calamaria (Lindl.) Pabst =Prosthechea calamaria
Encyclia chloroleuca (Hook.) Schltr. =Encyclia chloroleuca
Encyclia ciliaris (L.) Lemée =Epidendrum ciliare
Encyclia crassilabia (Poepp. & Endl.) Dressler =Prosthechea crassilabia
Encyclia fragrans subsp. aemula (Lindl.) Dressler & G.E. Pollard =Prosthechea aemula
Encyclia jauana Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Prosthechea jauana
Encyclia latipetala (C. Schweinf.) Pabst =Encyclia pachyantha
Encyclia maravalensis Withner =Encyclia chloroleuca
Encyclia oncidioides auct. non (Lindl.) Schltr. 1833: sensu Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Encyclia granitica
Encyclia oncidioides (Lindl.) Schltr. [not in flora area]
Encyclia palacea (Rchb. f.) Lemée [not in flora area] =Nidema boothii
Encyclia pamplonense (Rchb. f.) Carnevali =Prosthechea tigrina
Encyclia picta auct. non (Lindl.) Hoehne 1952: sensu Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Encyclia guianensis
Encyclia pygmaea (Hook.) Dressler =Prosthechea pygmaea
Encyclia recurvata auct. non Schltr. 1919: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Encyclia ivonae
Encyclia recurvata Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Encyclia ivonae
Encyclia tigrina (Linden ex Lindl.) Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Prosthechea tigrina
Encyclia tumuc-humaciense (Veyret) Hágsater =Epidendrum tumuc-humaciense
138
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Encyclia vespa (Vell.) Dressler =Prosthechea vespa
Encyclia wageneri (Klotzsch, Otto & Dietr.) Schltr. =Encyclia diurna
Epidendropsis vincentina (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst. =Epidendrum vincentinum
Epidendropsis violascens (Ridl. ex Thurn) Garay & Dunst. =Epidendrum violascens
Epidendrum aemulum Lindl. =Prosthechea aemula
Epidendrum alsum Ridl. [nom. superfl.] =Epidendrum alsum
Epidendrum amazonicum Schltr. =Epidendrum coronatum
Epidendrum amictum auct. non Linden & Rchb. f. 1855: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Encyclia leucantha
Epidendrum atropurpureum auct. non Willd. 1805: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Encyclia cordigera
Epidendrum bathyschistum Schltr. =Epidendrum cristatum
Epidendrum bicornutum Hook. =Caularthron bicornutum
Epidendrum bifidum Aubl. [not in flora area]
Epidendrum bilamellatum Rchb. f. =Caularthron bilamellatum
Epidendrum boothii (Lindl.) L.O. Williams [not in flora area] =Nidema boothii
Epidendrum caespitosum Barb. Rodr. =Prosthechea pygmaea
Epidendrum calamarium Lindl. =Prosthechea calamaria
Epidendrum carnosum Lindl. =Epidendrum durum
Epidendrum carthagenense Jacq. =Trichocentrum carthagenense
Epidendrum caudatum L. =Brassia caudata
Epidendrum chloranthum Lindl. =Encyclia chloroleuca
Epidendrum chloroleucum Hook. =Encyclia chloroleuca
Epidendrum clavatum Lindl. =Epidendrum purpurascens
Epidendrum cochleatum L. =Encyclia cochleata
Epidendrum conchaechilum Barb. Rodr. =Encyclia conchaechila
Epidendrum concretum Jacq. =Polystachya concreta
Epidendrum cordigerum (Kunth) Foldats =Encyclia cordigera
Epidendrum coriifolium auct. non Lindl. 1851: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum amazonicoriifolium
Epidendrum coriifolium Lindl. [all material probably referable to E. imitans in flora area]
Epidendrum crassifolium Lindl. =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum crassilabium Poepp. & Endl. =Prosthechea crassilabia
Epidendrum cucullatum L. =Brassavola cucullata
Epidendrum decipiens auct., non Lindl. =Epidendrum ibaguense
Epidendrum dendrobioides auct. non Thunb. 1818: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum ulei
Epidendrum dendrobioides Thunb. [not in flora area]
Epidendrum dichotomum C. Presl =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum diurnum (Jacq.) Rchb. f. =Encyclia diurna
Epidendrum diurnum auct. non (Jacq.) Rchb. f. 1866 [1867]: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Encyclia spp.
Epidendrum diurnum (Jacq.) Cogn. [nom. illeg.] =Encyclia diurna
Epidendrum duckei Porto & Brade =Epidendrum hombersleyi
Epidendrum durum auct. non Lindl. 1841: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Epidendrum alsum p.p.; Epidendrum ulei p.p.
Epidendrum echinocarpum Sw. [nom. superfl.] =Dichaea pendula
Epidendrum ellipticum Graham ex Hook. =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum elongatum Jacq. =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum ernstii Schltr. =Epidendrum klotzscheanum
Epidendrum fastigiatum auct. non Lindl. 1853: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum unguiculatum
Epidendrum flabelliformis Sw. =Cochleanthes flabelliformis
Epidendrum floribundum Kunth =Epidendrum densiflorum
Epidendrum florijugum Barb. Rodr. =Epidendrum sculptum
Epidendrum fragrans auct. non Sw. 1788: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Prosthechea aemula
Epidendrum fragrans Sw. [Guianas records =Prosthechea aemula] =Prosthechea fragrans
Epidendrum fragrans var. aemulum (Lindl.) Barb. Rodr. =Prosthechea aemula
Epidendrum frigidum var. stenophyton auct. non (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. 1944: sensu Foldats =Epidendrum imthurnii
Epidendrum fulgens Brongn. ? =Epidendrum ibaguense
Epidendrum fuscatum Sm. =Epidendrum anceps
Epidendrum globosum Jacq. =Jacquiniella globosa
Epidendrum graniticum Bateman ex Lindl. =Encyclia granitica
Epidendrum huebneri auct. non Schltr. 1925: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum orchidiflorum
Epidendrum huebneri Schltr. =Epidendrum myrmecophorum
Epidendrum ibaguense var. confluens (Lindl.) C. Schweinf. =Epidendrum calanthum
Epidendrum ibaguense var. schomburgkii (Lindl.) C. Schweinf. =Epidendrum macrocarpum
Epidendrum imatophyllum Lindl. =Epidendrum flexuosum
Epidendrum imbricatum Lam. =Lockhartia imbricata
Epidendrum imitans auct. non Schltr. 1921: sensu G.A. Romero & Carnevali =Epidendrum amazonicoriifolium
Epidendrum incisum Vell. =Epidendrum macrocarpum
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Epidendrum inconstans Ames =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum indivisum Bradf. ex Griseb. =Caularthron bilamellatum f. indivisa
Epidendrum ionosmum Lindl. =Encyclia ionosma
Epidendrum labiatum Sw. =Leochilus labiatus
Epidendrum labiosum Rich. =Zygosepalum labiosum
Epidendrum latifolium (Lindl.) Garay & H.R. Sweet =Epidendrum carpophorum
Epidendrum latipetalum C. Schweinf. =Encyclia pachyantha
Epidendrum laxum Poepp. & Endl. =Epidendrum compressum
Epidendrum lechleri auct. non Rchb. f. 1876: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Epidendrum chimantense
Epidendrum leucanthum (Schltr.) Schnee =Encyclia leucantha
Epidendrum leucanthum (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. =Encyclia leucantha
Epidendrum lindenii Lindl. =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum lineare Jacq. =Isochilus linearis
Epidendrum maculatum Aubl. =Oncidium luridum
Epidendrum miersii Lindl. =Epidendrum saxatile
Epidendrum moyobambae Kraenzl. =Epidendrum coronatum
Epidendrum musciferum Lindl. =Epidendrum anceps
Epidendrum nocturnum var. latifolium Lindl. =Epidendrum carpophorum
Epidendrum nocturnum var. minus Cogn. =Epidendrum longicolle
Epidendrum nocturnum var. tumuc-humacience Veyret =Epidendrum tumuc-humaciense
Epidendrum odoratissimum Lindl. =Encyclia odoratissima
Epidendrum oncidioides auct. non Lindl. 1833: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Encyclia auyantepuiensis
Epidendrum oncidioides Lindl. =Encyclia oncidioides
Epidendrum ophioglossoides Jacq. =Stelis ophioglossoides
Epidendrum ottonis Rchb. f. =Nidema ottonis
Epidendrum pachyanthum Lindl. =Encyclia pachyantha
Epidendrum palmarum Salzm. ex Lindl. =Vanilla palmarum
Epidendrum pamplonense Rchb. f. =Prosthechea tigrina
Epidendrum paniculatum auct. non Ruiz & Pav. 1798: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Epidendrum unguiculatum p.p., E.
densiflorum p.p.
Epidendrum paniculatum var. unguiculatum C. Schweinf. =Epidendrum unguiculatum
Epidendrum pictum Lindl. =Encyclia picta
Epidendrum pilosum C. Schweinf. =Encyclia pilosa
Epidendrum pusillum L. =Erycina pusilla
Epidendrum pygmaeum Hook. =Prosthechea pygmaea
Epidendrum pygmaeum Hook. [nom. superfl.] =Prosthechea pygmaea
Epidendrum raniferum auct., non Lindl. =Epidendrum cristatum
Epidendrum rectopedunculatum C. Schweinf. =Epidendrum myrmecophorum
Epidendrum rectopedunculatum C. Schweinf. f. denticulatum C. Schweinf. =Epidendrum orchidiflorum
Epidendrum remotiflorum C. Schweinf. =Encyclia remotiflora
Epidendrum ruscifolium Jacq. =Pleurothallis ruscifolia
Epidendrum satyrioides Sw. =Ionopsis satyrioides
Epidendrum schlechterianum auct. non Ames 1924: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Epidendrum congestoides
Epidendrum schomburgkii Lindl. =Epidendrum macrocarpum
Epidendrum schomburgkii var. confluens Lindl. =Epidendrum calanthum
Epidendrum secundum auct. non Jacq. 1760: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum anceps
Epidendrum selligerum auct. non Bateman ex Lindl. 1838: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Encyclia granitica
Epidendrum serricardium Schltr. =Epidendrum vincentinum
Epidendrum spilotum Garay & Dunst. =Epidendrum myrmecophorum
Epidendrum spruceanum Lindl. =Epidendrum nocturnum
Epidendrum stenopetalum Hook. [name misapplied] =Dimerandra stenopetala (Hook.) Schltr.
Epidendrum teretifolium Sw. =Jacquiniella teretifolia
Epidendrum tigrinum Linden ex Lindl. =Prosthechea tigrina
Epidendrum trichorhizum Kraenzl. =Xerorchis trichorhiza
Epidendrum trigoniflorum Sw. =Stelis ophioglossoides
Epidendrum uniflorum Barb. Rodr. =Epidendrum althausenii
Epidendrum utricularioides Sw. =Ionopsis utricularioides
Epidendrum variegatum Hook. =Prosthechea vespa
Epidendrum vespa Vell. =Prosthechea vespa
Epidendrum wageneri Klotzsch, Otto & Dietr. =Encyclia diurna
Epidendrum weddellii Lindl. =Epidendrum saxatile
Epidendrum xanthinum Lindl. =Epidendrum secundum
Epidendrum yatapuense Barb. Rodr. =Epidendrum compressum
Epistephium cruegeri Rchb. f. ex Griseb. [nomen nudum] =Epistephium subrepens
139
140
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Epistephium petiolatum Huber =Epistephium parviflorum
Eriopsis colombiana Schltr. =Eriopsis rutidobulbon
Eriopsis grandibulbosa Ames & C. Schweinf. =Eriopsis biloba
Eriopsis schomburgkii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. =Eriopsis biloba
Eriopsis sprucei Rchb. f. =Eriopsis sceptrum
Erythrodes confusa C. Schweinf. =Aspidogyne confusa
Erythrodes petersiana (Cogn.) Ames =Ligeophila peterana
Erythrodes plantaginea (L.) Fawc. & Rendle [dubious in Guianas]
Erythrodes pumilus (Cogn.) Pabst =Aspidogyne pumila
Erythrodes robusta C. Schweinf. =Aspidogyne robusta
Erythrodes santensis (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf. =Ligeophila juruensis
Erythrodes steyermarkii (Carnevali & Foldats) Carnevali & Dodson =Aspidogyne steyermarkii
Erythrodes stigmatoptera (Rchb. f.) Pabst =Ligeophila stigmatoptera
Eulophidium maculatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer =Oeceoclades maculata
Evelyna arpophyllostachys Rchb. f. =Elleanthus arpophyllostachys
Evelyna columnaris Lindl. =Elleanthus columnaris
Evelyna gracilis Rchb. f. =Elleanthus gracilis
Evelyna wageneri Rchb. f. =Elleanthus wageneri
Fernandezia acuta Lindl. =Lockhartia acuta
Fernandezia graminifolia Ruiz & Pav. =Scaphyglottis graminifolia
Fractiunguis reflexa Schltr. =Reichenbachanthus reflexus
Galeandra juncea Lindl. =Galeandra stylomisantha
Galeandra lacustris Barb. Rodr. =Galeandra minax
Galeandra montana Barb. Rodr. [dubious in Guianas] =Galeandra lagoensis Reichb.f. & Warm.
Garayella hexandra (Garay & Dunst.) Brieger [nom. inval.] =Pleurothallis hexandra
Gongora macrantha Hook. =Coryanthes macrantha
Gongora quinquenervis Ruiz & Pav. [not in flora area]
Goodyera guayanensis Lindl. =Brachystele guayanensis
Habenaria amalfitana F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. =Habenaria parviflora
Habenaria amazonica Schltr. =Habenaria platydactyla
Habenaria arecunarum Schltr. =Habenaria parviflora
Habenaria caldensis auct. non Kraenzl.: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Habenaria ernestii
Habenaria caldensis auct. non Kraenzl. 1892: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Habenaria lehmanniana
Habenaria culmiformis Schltr. =Habenaria leprieuri
Habenaria demerarensis Rchb. f. ex M.R. Schomb. =Habenaria parviflora
Habenaria enthomantha auct. non (La Llave & Lex) Lindl. 1835: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Habenaria armata
Habenaria ernestii auct. non Schltr. 1914: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Habenaria caldensis
Habenaria fastor auct., non Warm. =Habenaria longicauda
Habenaria georgii Schltr. =Habenaria pratensis var. parviflora
Habenaria goyazensis Cogn. [as circumscribed by Renz, not in flora area]
Habenaria guanchezii Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Habenaria pygmaea
Habenaria leaoana Schltr. =Habenaria sprucei
Habenaria leprieuri auct. non Rchb. f. 1846: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Habenaria heptadactyla
Habenaria leprieuri var. heptadactyla (Rchb. f.) R.E. Schult. =Habenaria heptadactyla
Habenaria macroceratitis Willd. =Habenaria quinqueseta
Habenaria maculosa Lindl. =Habenaria monorrhiza
Habenaria moritzii Ridl. =Habenaria armata
Habenaria muelleriana Cogn. =Habenaria macilenta
Habenaria pauciflora (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Habenaria trifida
Habenaria petalodes auct. non Lindl. 1835: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Habenaria floribunda
Habenaria rodeiensis auct. non Barb. Rodr.: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Habenaria ernestii
Habenaria sartor auct. non Lindl. 1843: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Habenaria longicauda
Habenaria savannensis Renz =Habenaria parviflora
Habenaria speciosa Poepp. & Endl. =Habenaria monorrhiza
Habenaria staminodiata Schltr. =Habenaria macilenta
Habenaria viridiaurea Lindl. ex Kraenzl. =Habenaria heptadactyla
Hexadesmia bifida Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis bifida
Hexadesmia boliviensis Rolfe =Scaphyglottis boliviensis
Hexadesmia dunstervillei Garay =Scaphyglottis dunstervillei
Hexadesmia fusiformis Griseb. =Scaphyglottis fusiformis
Hexadesmia sessilis Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis sessilis
Hexisea bidentata var. imbricata (Lindl.) C. Schweinf. =Hexisea imbricata
Hexisea reflexa (Lindl.) Rchb. f. ex Griseb. =Reichenbachanthus reflexus
Hoehneella santos-nevesii Ruschi =Chaubardia surinamensis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Houlletia vittata Lindl. =Braemia vittata
Huebneria yauaperyensis Schltr. =Orleanesia yauaperyensis
Huebneria yauaperyensis auct. non Schltr. 1925: sensu Hoehne =Epidendrum sculptum
Humboldtia aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis aspasicensis
Humboldtia biflora (H. Focke) Kuntze =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Humboldtia ciliata (Knowles & Westc.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis lanceana
Humboldtia dura (Lindl.) Kuntze =Trichosalpinx dura
Humboldtia fockei (Lindl.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis fockei
Humboldtia foliata (Griseb.) Kuntze =Trichosalpinx dura
Humboldtia grobyi (Lindl.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis grobyi
Humboldtia memor (Rchb. f.) Kuntze =Trichosalpinx memor
Humboldtia miqueliana (H. Focke) Kuntze =Pleurothallis miqueliana
Humboldtia orbicularis (Lindl.) Kuntze =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Humboldtia pruinosa (Lindl.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis pruinosa
Humboldtia revoluta Ruiz & Pav. =Pleurothallis revoluta
Humboldtia zephyrina (Rchb. f.) Kuntze =Pleurothallis zephyrina
Huntleya albido-fulva Lem. =Huntleya meleagris
Huntleya violacea Lindl. =Bollea violacea
Hybochilus huebneri Mansf. =Polyotidium huebneri
Ionopsis paniculata Lindl. =Ionopsis utricularioides
Ionopsis pygmaea Cogn. =Stictophyllorchis pygmaea
Ionopsis teres Lindl. =Ionopsis satyrioides
Isochilus elegans H. Focke =Dimerandra elegans
Kefersteinia pusilla auct., non (C. Schweinf.) C. Schweinf. =Kefersteinia lafontainei
Kegelia houtteana Rchb. f. =Kegeliella houtteana
Koellensteinia alba (Ridl. ex Thurn) Schltr. =Otostylis lepida
Koellensteinia eburnea (Barb. Rodr.) Schltr. =Koellensteinia tricolor
Laelia crispa (Lindl.) Lemée =Schomburgkia crispa
Laelia marginata (Lindl.) L.O. Williams =Schomburgkia marginata
Laelia undulata (Lindl.) L.O. Williams =Schomburgkia undulata
Lanium microphyllum (Lindl.) Benth. =Epidendrum microphyllum
Lanium subulatum Rolfe =Epidendrum stiliferum
Leaoa reedii (Rchb. f.) Garay =Scaphyglottis sessilis
Lepanthes funerea Barb. Rodr. =Pleurothallis funerea
Lepanthes orbiculata Lindl. ex Rchb. f. =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Lepanthes yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr. =Pleurothallis mentosa
Leptorchis kappleri (Rchb. f.) Kuntze =Liparis nervosa
Limodorum altum L. =Eulophia alta
Limodorum diurnum Jacq. =Encyclia diurna
Limodorum grandiflorum Aubl. =Cleistes grandiflora
Limodorum lanceolatum Aubl. =Sacoila lanceolata
Limodorum pendulum Aubl. =Dichaea pendula
Lindleyella aurantiaca (Lindl.) Schltr. =Rudolfiella aurantiaca
Liparis elata Lindl. =Liparis nervosa subsp. nervosa
Liparis elliptica (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. [non Wight] =Liparis jamaicensis
Liparis kappleri (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. =Liparis nervosa
Liparis nervosa f. kappleri (Rchb. f.) Christenson & Carnevali =Liparis nervosa
Liparis vexillifera auct. non (La Llave & Lex.) Cogn.: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Liparis jamaicensis
Lockhartia elegans Hook. =Lockhartia imbricata
Lockhartia lasseri Schnee =Lockhartia acuta
Lockhartia micrantha Rchb. f. [not in flora area]
Lockhartia pallida Rchb. f. =Lockhartia acuta
Lockhartia weigeltii Rchb. & Rchb. f. ex Rchb. f. =Lockhartia imbricata
Lophiaris carthagenensis (Jacq.) Braem =Trichocentrum carthagenense
Lophiaris fragrans Raf. =Trichocentrum lanceanum
Lophiaris lanceana (Lindl.) Braem =Trichocentrum lanceanum
Lophiaris nana (Lindl.) Braem =Trichocentrum nanum
Lycaste lindeniana (Rchb. f.) G. Nicholson =Paphinia lindeniana
Lycomormium minus Kraenzl. =Peristeria cerina
Macradenia modesta (Rolfe) Rolfe =Macradenia brassavolae
Macradenia mutica Lindl. =Leucohyle mutica
Macradenia surinamensis Rchb. f. & Wullschl. =Macradenia lutescens
Macradenia triandra Lindl. =Macradenia lutescens
Macroclinium norae (Garay) Dodson =Macroclinium mirabile
141
142
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Malaxis excavata auct. non (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Malaxis maguirei
Malaxis umbelliflora Sw. [not in flora area]
Manniella americana C. Schweinf. & Garay =Helonoma americana
Marsupiaria equitans Schltr. =Maxillaria equitans
Marsupiaria mattogrossensis (Brade) Hoehne =Maxillaria equitans
Masdevallia brevis Rchb. f. =Scaphosepalum breve
Masdevallia cayennensis Rchb. f. =Masdevallia cuprea
Masdevallia guttulata auct. non Rchb. f. 1877: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Masdevallia norae
Masdevallia huebneri Schltr. =Trisetella triglochin
Masdevallia surinamensis H. Focke =Masdevallia minuta
Masdevallia triaristella auct. non Rchb. f. 1876: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Trisetella triglochin
Masdevallia triglochin Rchb. f. =Trisetella triglochin
Maxillaria amazonica Schltr. =Maxillaria kegelii
Maxillaria amazonica auct. non Schltr. 1925: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Maxillaria porrecta
Maxillaria anatamorum auct. non Rchb. f.: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria albiflora
Maxillaria arachnitis auct non Rchb. f.: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria marmoliana
Maxillaria attenuata Ames & C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria guadalupensis
Maxillaria auyantepuiensis auct. non Foldats sensu: Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria longipetiolata
Maxillaria auyantepuiensis subsp. epiphytica Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Maxillaria longipetiolata
Maxillaria brevipedunculata Ames & C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria nasuta
Maxillaria brunnea auct. non Linden & Rchb. f. 1854: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Maxillaria cryptobulbon
Maxillaria brunnea Linden & Rchb. f. =Maxillaria porrecta
Maxillaria buchtienii Schltr. =Maxillaria splendens
Maxillaria colleyi Bateman ex Lindl. =Xylobium colleyi
Maxillaria condensata C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria mapiriensis
Maxillaria coriacea Barb. Rodr. =Maxillaria desvauxiana
Maxillaria cozieriana H.G. Jones [possibly distinct in GU] =Maxillaria camaridii
Maxillaria cristata Lindl. =Paphinia cristata
Maxillaria foveata Lindl. =Xylobium foveatum
Maxillaria graminea Lindl. =Koellensteinia graminea
Maxillaria grandiflora auct. non (Kunth) Lindl. 1832: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria eburnea
Maxillaria iguapensis Hoehne & Schltr. =Maxillaria imbricata
Maxillaria lactea Schltr. =Maxillaria alba
Maxillaria lactea Schltr., non Schltr. 1923 =Maxillaria kegelii
Maxillaria lactiflora Pabst =Maxillaria kegelii
Maxillaria longifolia (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn. =Heterotaxis superflua
Maxillaria macrophylla Poepp. & Endl. =Lycaste macrophylla
Maxillaria melina auct. non Lindl.: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria albiflora
Maxillaria nana Hook. =Maxillaria uncata
Maxillaria nasuta auct. non Rchb. f. 1866: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Heterotaxis proboscidea
Maxillaria pallidiflora Hook. =Xylobium pallidiflorum
Maxillaria pendens Pabst =Maxillaria rigida
Maxillaria perparva Garay & Dunst. =Hylaeorchis petiolaris
Maxillaria petiolaris Schltr. =Hylaeorchis petiolaris
Maxillaria petiolaris A. Rich. [nomen nudum] =Maxillaria desvauxiana
Maxillaria proboscidea Rchb. f. =Heterotaxis proboscidea
Maxillaria purpurea auct. non (Spreng.) Ames & Correll 1943: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria conferta
Maxillaria ringens auct. non Rchb. f. 1863: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Maxillaria porrecta
Maxillaria riopalenquensis Dodson =Maxillaria longipetiolata
Maxillaria rudolfii Hoehne [nomen nudum] =Hylaeorchis petiolaris
Maxillaria rufescens auct. non Lindl. 1835 [1836]: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria acutifolia
Maxillaria rugosa Schltr. =Maxillaria schlechteri
Maxillaria simulans Ames & C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria conferta
Maxillaria spilotantha auct. non Rchb. f. 1854: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria guareimensis
Maxillaria steelei Hook. =Scuticaria steelei
Maxillaria superflua Rchb. f. =Heterotaxis superflua
Maxillaria surinamensis H. Focke ex Rchb. f. =Maxillaria conferta
Maxillaria tafallae (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria ramosa
Maxillaria taracuana Schltr. =Maxillaria kegelii
Maxillaria tarumaensis Hoehne =Heterotaxis superflua
Maxillaria trinitatis Ames ex Broadway [nom. superfl.] =Maxillaria porrecta
Maxillaria trinitatis auct. non Ames 1923: Dunst. & Garay =Maxillaria cryptobulbon
Maxillaria trinitatis Ames =Maxillaria porrecta
Maxillaria uncata auct. non Lindl. 1837: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Maxillaria squamata
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Maxillaria vandiformis (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. [possibly distinct species] =Maxillaria equitans
Maxillaria variabilis auct., non Bateman ex Lindl. =Maxillaria caespitifica
Maxillaria verrucifera C. Schweinf. =Maxillaria desvauxiana
Maxillaria vestita (Sw.) Lemée =Maxillaria parviflora
Maxillaria villosa (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn. =Heterotaxis villosa
Maxillaria violaceopunctata Rchb. f. =Heterotaxis violaceopunctata
Medadenium labiosum (Rich.) Cogn. =Zygosepalum labiosum
Medadenium lindeniae (Rolfe) Cogn. =Zygosepalum lindeniae
Menadenium kegelii (Rchb. f.) Cogn. =Zygosepalum kegelii
Menadenium labiosum (Rich.) Cogn. =Zygosepalum labiosum
Mendoncella burkei (Rchb. f.) Garay =Galeottia burkei
Mendoncella jorisiana (Rolfe) A.D. Hawkes =Galeottia jorisiana
Mesadenella esmeraldae (Lindl. & Rchb. f.) Pabst & Garay =Mesadenella cuspidata
Monachanthus discolor Lindl. =Catasetum discolor
Monachanthus roseo-albus Hook. =Catasetum ×roseo-album
Myanthus barbatus Lindl. =Catasetum barbatum
Myanthus deltoideus Lindl. =Catasetum deltoideum
Myoxanthus aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Luer =Pleurothallis aspasicensis
Myoxanthus aspasicensis subsp. arenicola Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Pleurothallis arenicola
Myoxanthus lappiformis (A.H. Heller & L.O. Williams) Luer =Pleurothallis lappiformis
Nanodes discolor Lindl. =Epidendrum schlechterianum
Neobartlettia guianensis Schltr. =Palmorchis guianensis
Neolehmannia apagana (Mansf.) Garay & Dunst. =Epidendrum apaganum
Neolehmannia barbeyana auct. non (Kraenzl.) Garay & Dunst. 1976: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Epidendrum althausenii
Neolehmannia pabstii Braga =Epidendrum dichaeoides
Neottia acaulis Sm. =Sarcoglottis acaulis
Neottia calcarata Sw. =Eltroplectris calcarata
Nidema boothii (Lindl.) Schltr. [not in flora area]
Notylia amesii L.B. Sm. & S.K. Harris =Notylia microchila
Notylia amesii L.B. Sm. & S.K. Harris =Notylia microchila
Notylia bicolor Lindl. [not in flora area] =Macroclinium bicolor (Lindl.) Dodson
Notylia mirabilis C. Schweinf. =Macroclinium mirabile
Notylia nana Cogn. =Notylia angustifolia
Notylia norae Garay =Macroclinium mirabile
Notylia trullifera Brade =Notylia longispicata
Notylia venezuelana Schltr. =Notylia fragrans
Notylia wullschlaegeliana H. Focke =Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum
Octomeria brevifolia Cogn. =Octomeria scirpoidea
Octomeria complanata C. Schweinf. =Octomeria yauaperyensis
Octomeria deltoglossa Garay =Octomeria exigua
Octomeria exigua var. elata C. Schweinf. =Octomeria exigua
Octomeria grandiflora Lindl. [not in flora area]
Octomeria kestrochila Garay & Dunst. =Octomeria exigua
Octomeria pusilla Lindl. [not in flora area]
Odontoglossum arminii Rchb. f. =Otoglossum arminii
Odontoglossum brevifolium auct. non. Lindl. 1844: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Otoglossum arminii
Oncidium altissimum auct., non (Jacq.) Sw. =Oncidium baueri
Oncidium ampliatum Lindl. =Chelyorchis ampliata
Oncidium bernouillanum Kraenzl. =Chelyorchis ampliata
Oncidium carthagenense (Jacq.) Sw. =Trichocentrum carthagenense
Oncidium cebolleta (Jacq.) Sw. =Trichocentrum cebolleta
Oncidium convolvulaceum Lindl. =Otoglossum globuliferum
Oncidium emarginatum G. Mey. =Dimerandra emarginata
Oncidium globuliferum auct. non Kunth 1815 [1816]: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Otoglossum scansor
Oncidium globuliferum Kunth =Otoglossum globuliferum
Oncidium glossomystax Rchb. f. =Erycina glossomystax
Oncidium guianense (Aubl.) Garay [not in flora area]
Oncidium kappleri Rchb. f. ex Lindl. =Oncidium baueri
Oncidium lanceanum Lindl. =Trichocentrum lanceanum
Oncidium lunatum Lindl. =Solenidium lunatum
Oncidium maculatum Urb. =Oncidium luridum
Oncidium nanum Lindl. =Trichocentrum nanum
Oncidium papilio Lindl. =Psychopsis papilio
Oncidium pusillum (L.) Rchb. f. =Erycina pusilla
143
144
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Oncidium sancti-pauli auct. non Kaenzl. 1922: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Otoglossum globuliferum
Oncidium scansor Rchb. f. =Otoglossum scansor
Oncidium uaipanense Schnee =Oncidium nigratum
Oncidium ultrajectinum Pulle =Trichocentrum cebolleta
Oncidium vagans C. Schweinf. =Oncidium warmingii
Oncidium versteegianum Pulle =Psychopsis versteegianum
Onychium flavescens Blume =Polystachya concreta
Ophrys guianensis Aubl. [not in flora area] =Oncidium guianense (Aubl.) Garay
Ophrys nervosa Thunb. =Liparis nervosa subsp. nervosa
Ophrys nervosa Thunb. =Liparis nervosa
Ophrys peruviana Aubl. =Spiranthes torta
Orchis monorrhiza Sw. =Habenaria monorrhiza
Orchis quinqueseta Michx. =Habenaria quinqueseta
Orchis stylomisantha Vell. =Galeandra stylomisantha
Ornithidium aureum Poepp. & Endl. =Maxillaria aurea
Ornithidium chloroleucum Barb. Rodr. =Maxillaria conferta
Ornithidium confertum Griseb. =Maxillaria conferta
Ornithidium mapiriense Kraenzl. =Maxillaria mapiriensis
Ornithidium serrulatum Lindl. [non Maxillaria serrulata Ames & Correll 1943] =Maxillaria alticola
Ornithidium squamatum (Barb. Rodr.) Barb. Rodr. =Maxillaria squamata
Ornithidium vestitum Rchb. f. =Maxillaria conferta
Ornithocephalus avicula Rchb. f. =Ornithocephalus kruegeri
Ornithocephalus bicornis auct. non Lindl. 1846: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Ornithocephalus brachyceras
Ornithocephalus planifolius Rchb. f. =Dipteranthus planifolius
Otostylis alba (Ridl. ex Thurn) Summerh. =Otostylis lepida
Otostylis paludosa (Cogn.) Schltr. =Otostylis brachystalix
Otostylis venusta (Ridl. ex Oliv.) Schltr. =Otostylis lepida
Paphiopedilum klotzschianum Pfitzer =Phragmipedium klotzschianum
Paphiopedilum lindleyanum Pfitzer =Phragmipedium lindleyanum
Pelexia aphylla Ridl. ex Thurn =Sarcoglottis aphylla
Pelexia aphylla Ridl. ex Oliv. [nom. superfl.] =Sarcoglottis aphylla
Pelexia cranichoides Griseb. =Cyclopogon cranichoides
Pelexia maculata Rolfe =Pelexia laxa
Pelexia setacea Lindl. =Eltroplectris calcarata
Peristeria guttata Knowles & Westc. =Peristeria cerina
Phragmipedium kaieteurum (N.E. Br.) Garay =Phragmipedium lindleyanum
Phymatidium panamense Dressler =Eloyella panamensis
Physinga prostrata Lindl. =Epidendrum prostratum
Physosiphon obliquipetalus Ames & C. Schweinf. =Lepanthopsis obliquipetala
Physurus arietinus Rchb. f. & Warm. =Erythrodes arietina
Physurus juruensis Hoehne =Ligeophila juruensis
Physurus paleaceus Schltr. =Erythrodes paleacea
Physurus pumilus Cogn. =Aspidogyne pumila
Physurus santensis Kraenzl. =Ligeophila juruensis
Physurus stigmatopterus Rchb. f. =Ligeophila stigmatoptera
Pilumna wageneri Rchb. f. =Trichopilia wageneri
Pinelia alticola Garay & Dunst. =Pinelianthe alticola
Platystele lancilabris auct. non (Rchb. f.) Schltr. 1923: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Platystele oxyglossa
Plectrophora cultrifolia auct. non (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn. 1904: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Plectrophora iridifolia
Pleurothallis acuminata H. Focke =Pleurothallis semperflorens
Pleurothallis acutissima Lindl. =Pleurothallis spiculifera
Pleurothallis acutissima auct. non Lindl. 1856: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis trinitensis
Pleurothallis amygdalina Rolfe ex Schltr. [nomen nudum] =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis anomala Hoehne =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis apiculata Lindl. =Octomeria apiculata
Pleurothallis barbata H. Focke =Pleurothallis barbulata
Pleurothallis barberiana Rchb. f. =Pleurothallis aristata
Pleurothallis biflora H. Focke =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Pleurothallis blaisdellii S. Watson [not in flora area] =Trichosalpinx blaisdellii (S. Watson) Luer
Pleurothallis brevis Schltr. =Trichosalpinx memor
Pleurothallis breviscapa C. Schweinf. =Pleurothallis funerea
Pleurothallis broadwayi Ames =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis broadwayi subsp. anomala (Hoehne) Garay =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis cedralensis Ames =Trichosalpinx cedralensis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
145
Pleurothallis ciliaris auct. non (Lindl.) L.O. Williams 1842: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Trichosalpinx memor
Pleurothallis ciliaris (Lindl.) L.O. Williams =Trichosalpinx ciliaris
Pleurothallis ciliata Knowles & Westc. =Pleurothallis lanceana
Pleurothallis ciliata var. elongata C. Schweinf. =Pleurothallis lanceana
Pleurothallis ciliolata auct. non Schltr. 1926: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis funerea
Pleurothallis coffeicola auct. non Schltr. 1929: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis discophylla p.p., P. sandaliorum p.p.
Pleurothallis connata Luer =Lepanthopsis obliquipetala
Pleurothallis consimilis Ames =Pleurothallis yauaperyensis
Pleurothallis consimilis auct. non Ames 1922: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Pleurothallis garciae
Pleurothallis corazonica F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis delascioi Carnevali & I. Ramírez =Pleurothallis kerrii
Pleurothallis diffusiflora C. Schweinf. =Pleurothallis seriata
Pleurothallis dura Lindl. =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis egleri Pabst =Trichosalpinx egleri
Pleurothallis elegans auct. non (Kunth) Lindl. 1842: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis moritzii
Pleurothallis exasperata auct. non Lindl. 1859: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Myoxanthus speciosus
Pleurothallis fimbriata Lindl. =Pleurothallis miqueliana
Pleurothallis floripecten Rchb. f. =Lepanthopsis floripecten
Pleurothallis foliata Griseb. =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis gnomonifera Ames =Trichosalpinx memor
Pleurothallis guadalupensis Cogn. =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis huebneri Schltr. =Pleurothallis lanceana
Pleurothallis intricata Lindl. =Trichosalpinx intricata
Pleurothallis johnstonii Ames =Platystele johnstonii
Pleurothallis kegelii Rchb. f. =Pleurothallis lanceana
Pleurothallis lancifera Schltr. =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Pleurothallis lancilabris var. oxyglossa (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. =Platystele oxyglossa
Pleurothallis lansbergii auct. non Regel 1856: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Pleurothallis coriacardia
Pleurothallis lepanthopsis Schltr. =Trichosalpinx dura
Pleurothallis leptopetala Cogn. =Pleurothallis discoidea
Pleurothallis linguifera auct. non Lindl. 1859: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis coriacardia
Pleurothallis longirostris H. Focke =Pleurothallis ephemera
Pleurothallis marginalis Rchb. f. =Pleurothallis grobyi
Pleurothallis memor Rchb. f. =Trichosalpinx memor
Pleurothallis minutipetala Ames & C. Schweinf. =Trichosalpinx memor
Pleurothallis monocardia auct. non Rchb. f. 1855: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Pleurothallis archidiaconi
Pleurothallis myrmecophila Hoehne =Pleurothallis fockei
Pleurothallis orbicularis (Lindl.) Lindl. =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Pleurothallis ovalifolia (H. Focke) Rchb. f. =Platystele ovalifolia
Pleurothallis oxyglossa Schltr. =Platystele oxyglossa
Pleurothallis papillosa auct. non. Lindl. 1836: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Pleurothallis granitica
Pleurothallis parvilabia C. Schweinf. =Myoxanthus parvilabius
Pleurothallis peduncularis Lindl. =Myoxanthus parahybunensis
Pleurothallis penduliflora auct. non Kraenzl. 1905: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Pleurothallis suspensa
Pleurothallis pertenuis C. Schweinf. =Pleurothallis glandulosa
Pleurothallis plumosa Lindl. =Pleurothallis lanceana
Pleurothallis pluriracemosa Garay =Pleurothallis floribunda
Pleurothallis pulchella auct. non (Kunth) Lindl. 1825: sensu Luer =Pleurothallis tepuiensis
Pleurothallis pumila Luer =Trichosalpinx pumila
Pleurothallis revoluta auct. non (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay 1962: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis suspensa
Pleurothallis reymondii (H. Karst.) Rchb. f. =Myoxanthus reymondii
Pleurothallis ringens C. Schweinf. =Pleurothallis hitchcockii
Pleurothallis roraimensis Rolfe =Trichosalpinx roraimensis
Pleurothallis scandens var. simplicicaulis C. Schweinf. =Myoxanthus simplicicaulis
Pleurothallis sertularioides var. trinitensis Griseb. =Pleurothallis trinitensis
Pleurothallis setigera Lindl. =Pleurothallis zephyrina
Pleurothallis simplicicaulis (C. Schweinf.) Luer =Myoxanthus simplicicaulis
Pleurothallis speciosus Luer =Myoxanthus speciosus
Pleurothallis spiculifera auct. non Lindl. 1859: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Pleurothallis trinitensis
Pleurothallis stenopetala Lodd. ex Lindl. =Pleurothallis sclerophylla
Pleurothallis striata H. Focke =Pleurothallis uniflora
Pleurothallis tepuiensis auct. non Carnevali & I. Ramírez 1993: sensu G.A. Romero & Carne =Pleurothallis moritzii
Pleurothallis trachyclamys Schltr. =Myoxanthus trachychlamys
Pleurothallis trachytheca F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
146
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pleurothallis tricarinata H. Focke =Pleurothallis fockei
Pleurothallis tubulosa Lindl. =Restrepiopsis tubulosa
Pleurothallis uncinata auct. non Fawc. 1895: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis arenicola
Pleurothallis uncinata auct. non Fawc. 1895, sensu Foldats p.p., Dunst. & Garay p.p. =Pleurothallis aspasicensis
Pleurothallis uniflora auct non Lindl. 1836: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Pleurothallis corniculata
Pleurothallis vaginata Schltr. =Pleurothallis imraei
Pleurothallis velaticaulis auct. non Rchb. f. 1849: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis floribunda
Pleurothallis velatipes Rchb. f. =Pleurothallis velaticaulis
Pleurothallis villosa Knowles & Westc. =Trichosalpinx egleri
Pleurothallis viridula Lindl. =Restrepiopsis tubulosa
Pleurothallis vitatta auct. non Lindl. 1838: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Pleurothallis sarcosepala
Pleurothallis vittariifolia Schltr. =Pleurothallis glandulosa
Pleurothallis wendlandiana auct. non Rchb. f. 1888: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Pleurothallis ruscifolia
Pleurothallis williamsii Ames =Trichosalpinx dura
Pogonia grandiflora Rchb. f. =Cleistes grandiflora
Pogonia lepida Rchb. f. =Cleistes lepida
Pogonia macrophylla Lindl. =Psilochilus macrophyllus
Pogonia moritzii Rchb. f. =Cleistes lepida
Pogonia paludosa (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. =Cleistes paludosa
Pogonia parviflora (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Cleistes parviflora
Pogonia physuraefolia Rchb. f. =Psilochilus macrophyllus
Pogonia physurifolia Rchb. f. =Psilochilus physurifolius
Pogonia rosea (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Cleistes rosea
Pogonia stricta C. Schweinf. =Cleistes stricta
Pogonia surinamensis Lindl. =Triphora surinamensis
Pogonia tenuis Rchb. f. =Cleistes tenuis
Pogonia triflora C. Schweinf. =Cleistes triflora
Pogonia unifoliata C. Schweinf. =Cleistes unifoliata
Polycycnis vittata (Lindl.) Rchb. f. =Braemia vittata
Polystachya estrellensis Rchb. f. [not in flora area]
Polystachya flavescens (Blume) J.J. Sm. =Polystachya concreta
Polystachya geraensis Barb. Rodr. [not in flora area]
Polystachya luteola (Sw.) Hook. =Polystachya concreta
Polystachya minuta Britton [not in flora area]
Polystachya nana Poepp. & Endl. [not in flora area]
Polystachya stenophylla Schltr. =Polystachya amazonica
Ponera amethystina Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis stellata
Ponera felskyi Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis felskyi
Ponera leucantha (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis leucantha
Prescottia orchioides auct. non Lindl. 1845: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Prescottia auyantepuiensis
Promenaea graminea (Lindl.) Lindl. =Koellensteinia graminea
Prosthechea pamplonensis (Rchb. f.) W.E. Higgins =Prosthechea tigrina
Pseuderiopsis schomburgkii Rchb. f. =Eriopsis biloba
Pseudomaxillaria chloroleuca (Barb. Rodr.) Hoehne =Maxillaria conferta
Psychopsis picta Raf. =Psychopsis papilio
Psygmorchis glossomystax (Rchb. f.) Dodson & Dressler =Erycina glossomystax
Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dodson & Dressler =Erycina pusilla
Quekettia pygmaea (Cogn.) Garay & R.E. Schult. =Stictophyllorchis pygmaea
Reichenbachanthus modestus Barb. Rodr. =Reichenbachanthus reflexus
Restrepia kegelii Rchb. f. [non Pleurothallis kegelii Rchb. f. 1877] =Pleurothallis hexandra
Restrepiella viridula (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst. =Restrepiopsis tubulosa
Restrepiopsis viridula (Lindl.) Luer =Restrepiopsis tubulosa
Rhynchopera punctata H. Karst. =Pleurothallis loranthophylla
Rodriguezia secunda Kunth =Rodriguezia lanceolata
Sarcoglottis acaulis auct. non (Sm.) Schltr. 1919: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Sarcoglottis metallica
Sarcoglottis grandiflora auct. non (Lindl.) Klotzsch 1842: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Sarcoglottis acaulis
Sarcoglottis maasorum Pabst =Sarcoglottis metallica
Sarcoglottis picta auct. non Klotzsch 1842: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Sarcoglottis metallica
Satyrium elatum Sw. =Cyclopogon elatus
Satyrium orchioides Sw. =Sacoila lanceolata
Scaphosepalum ochthodes Pfitzer [not in flora area]
Scaphosepalum verrucosum auct. non (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer 1888: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Scaphosepalum breve
Scaphyglottis amethystina (Rchb. f.) Schltr. =Scaphyglottis stellata
Scaphyglottis cuneata Schltr. =Scaphyglottis prolifera
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Scaphyglottis huebneri Schltr. =Scaphyglottis boliviensis
Scaphyglottis propinqua auct. non C. Schweinf. 1955; Foldats in Lasser =Scaphyglottis sickii
Scaphyglottis reedii (Rchb. f.) Ames =Scaphyglottis sessilis
Scaphyglottis reflexa Lindl. =Reichenbachanthus reflexus
Scaphyglottis tafallae Rchb. f. =Maxillaria ramosa
Scaphyglottis violacea (Lindl.) Lindl. =Scaphyglottis graminifolia
Scaphyglottis wercklei var. major C. Schweinf. =Scaphyglottis leucantha
Schlechterella aurantiaca (Lindl.) Hoehne =Rudolfiella aurantiaca
Schomburgkia crispa auct. non Lindl. 1838: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Schomburgkia marginata
Schomburgkia rosea auct. non Linden ex Lindl. 1845: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Schomburgkia heidii
Schomburgkia weberbaueriana auct. non Kraenzl. 1906: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Schomburgkia marginata
Selenipedium kaieteurum N.E. Br. =Phragmipedium lindleyanum
Selenipedium lindleyanum Rchb. f. =Phragmipedium lindleyanum
Selenipedium schomburgkianum Rchb. f. =Phragmipedium klotzschianum
Serapias caravata Aubl. =Elleanthus caravata
Serrastylis modesta Rolfe =Macradenia brassavolae
Sievekingia dunstervilleorum Foldats =Sievekingia jenmanii
Sobralia biflora auct. non Ruiz & Pav. 1798: sensu Schweinf. =Sobralia valida
Sobralia cattleya Rchb. f. =Sobralia dichotoma
Sobralia elisabethae R.H. Schomb. =Sobralia liliastrum
Sobralia liliastrum var. rosea Lindl. =Sobralia infundibuligera
Sobralia sclerophylla auct. non Lindley =Sobralia stenophylla
Sobralia sessilis auct. non Lindl. 1841: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Sobralia valida
Sobralia violacea auct. non Linden & Rchb. f. 1846: sensu Garay & Dunst. =Sobralia sessilis
Sobralia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr. =Sobralia sessilis
Sobralia yauaperyensis auct. non Barb. Rodr. 1881: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Sobralia violacea
Spathiger rigidus (Jacq.) Small =Epidendrum rigidum
Specklinia aristata (Hook.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis aristata
Specklinia grobyi (Bateman ex Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis grobyi
Specklinia miqueliana H. Focke =Pleurothallis miqueliana
Specklinia orbicularis Lindl. =Trichosalpinx orbicularis
Specklinia parvifolia (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis parvifolia
Specklinia picta (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis picta
Specklinia samacensis (Ames) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis samacensis
Specklinia seriata (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis seriata
Specklinia spiculifera (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis spiculifera
Specklinia vittariifolia (Schltr.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis glandulosa
Spiranthes acaulis (Sm.) Cogn. =Sarcoglottis acaulis
Spiranthes aphylla (Ridl. ex Thurn) Cogn. =Sarcoglottis aphylla
Spiranthes bifida Ridl. ex Oliv. [nom. superfl.] =Helonoma bifida
Spiranthes bifida Ridl. ex Thurn =Helonoma bifida
Spiranthes callifera C. Schweinf. =Pelexia callifera
Spiranthes cranichoides (Griseb.) Cogn. =Cyclopogon cranichoides
Spiranthes elata (Sw.) Rich. =Cyclopogon elatus
Spiranthes goninensis (Pulle) C. Schweinf. =Pelexia goninensis
Spiranthes grisebachii Cogn. =Lyroglossa grisebachii
Spiranthes guayanensis (Lindl.) Cogn. =Brachystele guayanensis
Spiranthes lanceolata (Aubl.) León =Sacoila lanceolata
Spiranthes laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf. =Pelexia laxa
Spiranthes maculata (Rolfe) C. Schweinf. =Pelexia laxa
Spiranthes metallica Rolfe =Sarcoglottis metallica
Spiranthes orchioides (Sw.) A. Rich. =Sacoila lanceolata
Spiranthes quinqueloba (Poir.) Urb. =Spiranthes torta
Spiranthes scopulariae Rchb. f. =Discyphus scopulariae
Spiranthes simplex Griseb. =Sarcoglottis simplex
Stanhopea aurea Lodd. ex Lindl. =Stanhopea wardii
Stanhopea eburnea Lindl. =Stanhopea grandiflora
Stanhopea randii Rolfe =Stanhopea candida
Stanhopea venusta Lindl. =Stanhopea wardii
Stelis aprica auct. non Lindl. 1836: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Stelis schomburgkii
Stelis braccata auct. non Rchb. f. & Warsz. 1854: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Stelis minimiflora
Stelis cupuligera auct. non Rchb. f. 1854: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Stelis aviceps
Stelis drosophila Barb. Rodr. =Stelis intermedia
Stelis flavida H. Focke =Pleurothallis pruinosa
147
148
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Stelis floribunda (Poepp. & Endl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis floribunda
Stelis foliosa Lindl. =Polystachya foliosa
Stelis galeata (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis galeata
Stelis grossilabris auct. non Rchb. f. 1881: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Stelis zonata
Stelis imraei (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis imraei
Stelis maderoi auct. non Schltr. 1920: sensu G.A. Romero & Carnevali =Stelis obovata
Stelis moritzii (Rchb. f.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis moritzii
Stelis obliquipetala (Ames & C. Schweinf.) L.O. Williams =Lepanthopsis obliquipetala
Stelis ovalifolia H. Focke =Platystele ovalifolia
Stelis papaquerensis auct. non Rchb. f. 1849: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Stelis fraterna
Stelis tenuilabris Lindl. [possibly distinct species] =Stelis alata
Stelis trichorrachis auct. non Rchb. f. 1855: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Stelis pygmaea
Stelis trigoniflora (Sw.) Garay =Stelis ophioglossoides
Stelis tristyla auct. non Lindl. 1838: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Stelis bangii
Stelis velaticaulis (Rchb. f.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis velaticaulis
Stelis vulgaris Pridgeon & M.W. Chase =Pleurothallis floribunda
Stenia tigrina (Garay & Dunst.) Foldats =Chaubardiella tigrina
Stenocoryne longicornis (Lindl.) Lindl. =Bifrenaria longicornis
Stenoptera adnata Ridl. ex Oliv. [nom. superfl.] =Gomphichis adnata
Stenoptera adnata Ridl. ex Thurn =Gomphichis adnata
Stenoptera costaricensis Schltr. =Gomphichis costaricensis
Stenoptera roehlii Schnee =Eurystyles cotyledon
Stenorrhynchos goninensis Pulle =Pelexia goninensis
Stenorrhynchos lanceolatum (Aubl.) Rich. ex Spreng. =Sacoila lanceolata
Stenorrhynchos laxus Poepp. & Endl. =Pelexia laxa
Stictophyllum pygmaeum (Cogn.) Dodson & M.W. Chase =Stictophyllorchis pygmaea
Sturmia elliptica Rchb. f. =Liparis jamaicensis
Sturmia kappleri Rchb. f. =Liparis nervosa
Tetragamestus modestus Rchb. f. =Scaphyglottis modesta
Teuscheria venezuelana Garay =Teuscheria wageneri
Triaristella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer =Trisetella triglochin
Triaristellina triglochin (Rchb. f.) Rauschert =Trisetella triglochin
Trichocentrum cornucopiae Linden & Rchb. f. =Trichocentrum fuscum
Trichocentrum hartii Rolfe =Trichocentrum fuscum
Trichopilia albida auct. non H. Wendl. 1851: sensu Dunst. & Garay =Trichopilia aenigma
Trichopilia fragrans auct. non (Lindl.) Rchb. f. 1858: sensu Foldats in Lasser =Trichopilia aenigma
Trichopilia mutica (Lindl.) Rchb. f. & Wullschl. ex Rchb. f. =Leucohyle mutica
Trichosalpinx blaisdellii auct., non (S. Watson) Luer =Trichosalpinx egleri
Trichosalpinx foliata (Griseb.) Luer =Trichosalpinx dura
Trichosalpinx greenwoodiana Soto Arenas =Trichosalpinx memor
Trichosalpinx minutipetala (Ames & Schweinf.) Luer =Trichosalpinx memor
Trichosalpinx nageliana Soto Arenas =Trichosalpinx memor
Trichosalpinx obliquipetala (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Luer =Lepanthopsis obliquipetala
Trichosalpinx patula Luer [nom. inval.] =Trichosalpinx patula
Trichosalpinx zephyrina (Rchb. f.) Luer =Pleurothallis zephyrina
Trigonidium tenue Lodd. ex Lindl. =Trigonidium acuminatum
Trisetella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer =Trisetella triglochin
Trizeuxis pygmaea (Cogn.) Schltr. =Stictophyllorchis pygmaea
Uleiorchis cogniauxiana f. maior Hoehne =Uleiorchis ulaei
Vanilla aromatica Sw. =Vanilla mexicana
Vanilla ensifolia Rolfe =Vanilla odorata
Vanilla inodora Schiede =Vanilla mexicana
Vanilla pompona auct., non Schiede =Vanilla grandiflora
Veyretia aphylla (Ridl. ex Thurn) Szlach. =Sarcoglottis aphylla
Veyretia simplex (Griseb.) Szlach. =Sarcoglottis simplex
Wullschlaegelia aphylla (Sw.) Rchb. f. [not in flora area]
Wullschlaegelia ulaei Cogn. =Uleiorchis ulaei
Xylobium steyermarkii Foldats =Bifrenaria steyermarkii
Zygopetalum brachystalix Rchb. f. =Otostylis brachystalix
Zygopetalum burkei Rchb. f. =Galeottia burkei
Zygopetalum jorisianum Rolfe =Galeottia jorisiana
Zygopetalum kegelii Rchb. f. =Zygosepalum kegelii
Zygopetalum lindeniae Rolfe =Zygosepalum lindeniae
Zygopetalum paludosum Cogn. =Otostylis brachystalix
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
149
Zygopetalum rostratum Hook. =Zygosepalum labiosum
Zygopetalum tatei Ames & C. Schweinf. =Zygosepalum tatei
Zygopetalum tricolor Lindl. =Koellensteinia tricolor
Zygopetalum venustum Ridl. ex Oliv. =Otostylis lepida
Zygosepalum tatei var. angustilabium C. Schweinf. =Zygosepalum angustilabium
REFERENCES
Ames, O., and C. Schweinfurth. 1931. Orchidaceae. In Botanical Results of the Tyler-Duida expedition, by A. Gleason. Bull.
Torrey Bot. Club 68: 345–353.
Anonymous. 1887. Catasetum bungerothii. Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 1: 139–140.
Carnevali, G, I.M. Ramírez-Morillo, G.A. Romero-González, C.A. Vargas, E. Foldats. 2003. Orchidaceae. In J.A. Steyermark,
P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 7: 200-619.
Christenson, E.A. 1997. Orchidaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons.
Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 286-342.
Cremers, G., M. Hoff, D. Barthelemy, E.A. Christenson, Ly. & L. Leneveu, & Ch. & Cl. Pawilowski. 1992. Inventaire taxonomique
des plantes de la Guyane française II - les Orchidacées. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Coll. Patr. Nat. (Sér. Patr. Génétique) 7: 1-144.
Dunsterville, G.C.K., and L.A. Garay. 1959–1976. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated. 6 volumes. London: Andre Deutsch.
Dunsterville, G.C.K., and L.A. Garay. 1979. Venezuelan Orchids: An Illustrated Field Guide. 3 volumes. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press.
Dunsterville, G.C.K., and E. Dunsterville 1982. Auyán-tepui: Reminiscences of an orchid search. In Orchid Botany: Reviews
and Perspectives, edited by J. Arditti, 19–38. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Foldats, E. 1969–1970. Orchidaceae. In Flora de Venezuela, edited by T. Lasser, volume 15, parts 1–5. Caracas: Instituto Botánico.
Gleason, H.A. 1931. Botanical results of the Tyler-Duida expedition. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 58: 277–506.
Im Thurn, E.F. 1884a. Cattleya lawrenceana. Gard. Chron. n.s. 25: 168.
Im Thurn, E.F. 1884b. New plants from Guiana. Timehri 3: 156–158.
Im Thurn, E.F. 1885a. The first ascent of Roraima. Timehri 4: 1–48.
Im Thurn, E.F. 1885b. Roraima. Timehri 4: 255–267.
Im Thurn, E.F. 1886. Notes on the plants observed during the Roraima expedition of 1884. Timehri 5: 147–223.
Jirak, I.L. 1968. Angel Falls Expedition 1968. Mimeo.
Kromer, E. 1911–1912. An orchid collector’s travels through British Guiana to Brazil. Orchid World 2: 55–57, 88–90, 107–110,
136–139, 175–177.
Linden, L., A. Cogniaux, and G. Grignan. 1894. Les Orchidées Exotiques. Gand: Eug. Vander Haeghen.
Reichenbach, H.G. 1885. Cattleya lawrenceana. Gard. Chron. n.s. 23: 338.
Renz, J. 1992. The genus Habenaria in the Guianas. Candollea 47: 483-512.
Rolfe, R.A. 1889. Catasetum bungerothii var. aureum. Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 6: 466.
Rolfe, R.A. 1891. Peristeria aspersa. Lindenia 6: 57–58, t. 267.
Romero-González, G.A., and G. Carnevali Fernández-Concha. 2000. Orchids of Venezuela: An Illustrated Field Guide. Second
edition. Caracas, Venezuela: Armitano Editores.
Sander, F. 1888. Reichenbachia. Volume 1. London: H. Sotheran.
Schomburgk, R.H. 1931. Travels in Guiana and on the Orinoco. Translated by W.E. Roth. Georgetown, Guyana: Argosy.
Schweinfurth, C. 1967. Orchidaceae of the Guayana Highland. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 14(3): 69-214.
Seidel, E. 1890. Voyage aux montagnes de Roraima. Orchidophile 10: 5–7, 76–77.
Szlachetko, D.L. & Y. Veyret. 1994. Two new species of Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae) from French Guyana. Fragm. Flor. Geobot.
39(2): 471-474.
Ule, E. 1914. Die vegetation des Roraima. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 42–53.
Veitch, J.H. 1906. Hortus Veitchii. London: Gilbert & Rivington.
Werkhoven, M.C.M. 1986. Orchids of Suriname. Uitgeversmaatschappij: Paramaribo, Suriname.
POACEAE
G. Davidse, E.J. Judziewicz, F.O. Zuloaga
Acroceras excavatum (Henrard) Zuloaga & Morrone
Acroceras macrum Stapf [naturalized]
Acroceras zizanioides (Kunth) Dandy [naturalized]
Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. [Mt. Roraima]
Andropogon angustatus (J. Presl) Steud.
Andropogon bicornis L.
Andropogon bicornis var. bicornis
Andropogon bicornis var. burchellii Hack.
Andropogon carinatus Nees
Andropogon diuturnus Sohns
Andropogon fastigiatus Sw.
Andropogon gayanus Kunth [cultivated, naturalized]
BO
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
GU
SU
150
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Andropogon glomeratus (Walter) E. Britton, Stearns & Poggenb.
Andropogon hypogynus Hack.
Andropogon indetonsus Sohns
Andropogon insolitus Sohns
Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth [expected in DA]
Andropogon longiramosus Sohns
Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack. [expected in DA]
Andropogon vetus Sohns
Andropogon virgatus Desv. [expected in DA]
Anthephora hermaphrodita (L.) Kuntze
Arberella aff. bahiensis Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Arberella flaccida (Döll) Soderstr. & C.E. Calderón
Arberella venezuelae Judz. & Davidse
Aristida adscensionis L.
Aristida capillacea Lam.
Aristida gibbosa (Nees) Kunth
Aristida longifolia Trin.
Aristida moritzii Henrard
Aristida recurvata Kunth
Aristida riparia Trin.
Aristida setifolia Kunth
Aristida ternipes Cav.
Aristida torta (Nees) Kunth
Arthrostylidium pubescens Rupr.
Arthrostylidium scandens McClure
Arthrostylidium schomburgkii (Benn.) Munro
Arthrostylidium sp. A
Arthrostylidium sp. B
Arthrostylidium sp. C
Arthrostylidium sp. D
Arthrostylidium venezuelae (Steud.) McClure
Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze
Arundo donax L. [cultivated and naturalized]
Atractantha amazonica Judz. & L.G. Clark
Aulonemia chimantaensis Judz. & Davidse
Aulonemia deflexa (N.E. Br.) McClure
Aulonemia jauaensis Judz. & Davidse
Aulonemia nitida Judz.
Aulonemia sp. A
Aulonemia sp. B
Aulonemia sp. C
Aulonemia aff. subpectinata (Kuntze) McClure
Axonopus anceps (Mez) Hitchc.
Axonopus arundinaceus G.A. Black
Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.
Axonopus canescens (Nees ex Trin.) Pilg.
Axonopus capillaris (Lam.) Chase
Axonopus casiquiarensis Davidse
Axonopus casiquiarensis var. A
Axonopus caulescens (Mez) Henrard
Axonopus chimantensis Davidse
Axonopus chrysoblepharis (Lag.) Chase [expected in BO]
Axonopus chrysostachyus (Schrad.) Pilg.
Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Axonopus cuatrecasasii G.A. Black
Axonopus eminens (Nees) G.A. Black
Axonopus equitans Hitchc. & Chase
Axonopus excavatus (Nees ex Trin.) Henrard
Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm.
Axonopus flabelliformis Swallen
Axonopus gracilis G.A. Black
Axonopus iridifolius (Poepp.) G.A. Black
Axonopus leptostachyus (Flüggé) Hitchc.
Axonopus longispicus (Döll) Kuhlm.
GU?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
GU
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
FG
AM
AM
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Axonopus magallanesiae Giraldo-CaZas
Axonopus oiapocensis G.A. Black
Axonopus passourae G.A. Black
Axonopus pennellii G.A. Black
Axonopus pubivaginatus Henrard
Axonopus purpusii (Mez) Chase
Axonopus ramosus Swallen [expected in GU and adjacent Brazil]
Axonopus schultesii G.A. Black
Axonopus senescens (Döll) Henrard
Axonopus sp. A
Axonopus sp. B
Axonopus sp. C
Axonopus steyermarkii Swallen
Axonopus suffultiformis G.A. Black
Axonopus suffultiformis var. A
Axonopus surinamensis (Hochst. ex Steud.) Henrard
Axonopus triglochinoides (Mez) Dedecca
Axonopus villosus Swallen
Axonopus yutajensis G.A. Black
Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake [naturalized]
Bouteloua americana (L.) Scribn. [introduced? no recent collections]
Brachiaria arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz) Stent [culitvated,
naturalized?]
Brachiaria decumbens Stapf
Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) Parodi
Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick.
Brachiaria mollis (Sw.) Parodi
Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf [naturalized]
Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc.
Briza minor L.
Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.
Cenchrus echinatus L.
Chloris barbata Sw.
Chloris elata Desv.
Chloris radiata (L.) Sw.
Chusquea linearis N.E. Br.
Chusquea sp. A
Coelorachis aurita (Steud.) A. Camus
Coix lacryma-jobi L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Cortaderia roraimensis (N.E. Br.) Pilg.
Cryptochloa capillata (Trin.) Soderstr.
Ctenium cirrosum (Nees) Kunth
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf [cultivated, naturalized]
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.
Dichanthelium aequivaginatum (Swallen) Zuloaga
Dichanthelium davidsei (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga
Dichanthelium hebotes (Trin.) Zuloaga
Dichanthelium pycnoclados (Tutin) Davidse
Dichanthelium sciurotoides (Zuloaga & Morrone) Davidse
Dichanthelium telmatum (Swallen) Zuloaga [expected in GU]
Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf [cultivated, naturalized]
Dichanthium aristatum (Poir.) C.E. Hubb. [cultivated, naturalized]
Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Digitaria decumbens Stent [cultivated, naturalized]
Digitaria fragilis (Steud.) Luces
Digitaria fuscescens (J. Presl) Henrard [naturalized]
Digitaria horizontalis Willd.
Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde
Digitaria lanuginosa (Nees) Henrard
Digitaria laxa (Rchb. ex A. Spreng.) Parodi
Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers. [naturalized?]
Digitaria nervalis Henrard
Digitaria nuda Schumach. [naturalized?]
151
BO
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
GU
GU
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
152
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Digitaria setigera Roth ex Roem. & Schult. [naturalized]
Digitaria swazilandensis Stent [cultivated, naturalized]
Digitaria tenuis (Nees) Henrard
Digitaria venezuelae Henrard
Digitaria violascens Link [cultivated, naturalized]
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link
Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult.
Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc.
Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase [cultivated, naturalized]
Echinolaena gracilis Swallen
Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. [naturalized]
Elionurus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze
Enteropogon mollis (Nees) Clayton
Eragrostis acutiflora (Kunth) Nees
Eragrostis airoides Nees [expected in GU]
Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. ex Nees [naturalized]
Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud.
Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br. [naturalized]
Eragrostis ciliaris var. ciliaris
Eragrostis gangetica (Roxb.) Steud.
Eragrostis guianensis Hitchc.
Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trin. [naturalized]
Eragrostis maypurensis (Kunth) Steud.
Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees
Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. [naturalized]
Eragrostis plurinodis Swallen ex Luces
Eragrostis polytricha Nees
Eragrostis refracta (Muhl. ex Elliott) Scribn.
Eragrostis riobrancensis Judz. & P.M. Peterson
Eragrostis scaligera Salzm. ex Steud.
Eragrostis secundiflora J. Presl [expected in SU]
Eragrostis tephrosanthos Schult.
Eragrostis unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex Steud. [naturalized]
Eragrostis viscosa (Retz.) Trin.
Eriochloa distachya Kunth
Eriochloa polystachya Kunth
Eriochloa procera (Retz.) C.E. Hubb. [naturalized]
Eriochloa punctata (L.) Desv. ex Ham.
Eriochrysis cayennensis P. Beauv.
Eriochrysis aff. holcoides (Nees) Kuhlm.
Froesiochloa boutelouoides G.A. Black
Gouinia latifolia (Griseb.) Vasey
Guadua angustifolia Kunth
Guadua ciliata LondoZo & Davidse
Guadua fascicularis Döll
Guadua aff. glomerata Munro
Guadua latifolia (Bonpl.) Kunth
Guadua macrostachya Rupr. [expected in SU]
Guadua paniculata Munro [expected in GU]
Guadua superba Huber
Guadua venezuelae Munro
Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.
Gymnopogon fastigiatus Nees
Gymnopogon foliosus (Willd.) Nees
Gymnopogon spicatus (Spreng.) Kuntze
Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) P. Beauv.
Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze [naturalized]
Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E. Hubb. [naturalized]
Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
Heteropogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Elliott ex Benth. [expected in GU]
Homolepis aturensis (Kunth) Chase [naturalized?]
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
SU
DA
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Homolepis glutinosa (Sw.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Homolepis isocalycia (G. Mey.) Chase
Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees
Hymenachne donacifolia (Raddi) Chase
Hyparrhenia bracteata (Willd.) Stapf
Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf [cultivated, naturalized]
Ichnanthus breviscrobs Döll
Ichnanthus calvescens (Nees) Döll
Ichnanthus dasycoleus Tutin
Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis G.A. Black & Fróes ex G.A. Black & Pires
Ichnanthus hoffmannseggii (Roem. & Schult.) Döll
Ichnanthus lancifolius Mez
Ichnanthus lancifolius var. weberbaueri (Mez) Stieber
Ichnanthus leiocarpus (Spreng.) Kunth
Ichnanthus nemoralis (Schrad. ex Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase
Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Döll [Sierra de la Neblina]
Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth.
Ichnanthus panicoides P. Beauv.
Ichnanthus procurrens (Nees ex Trin.) Swallen
Ichnanthus ruprechtii Döll
Ichnanthus tenuis (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase
Imperata brasiliensis Trin.
Imperata contracta (Kunth) Hitchc.
Isachne polygonoides (Lam.) Döll
Isachne rigens (Sw.) Trin.
Ischaemum arenosum Sohns
Ischaemum guianense Kunth ex Hack.
Ischaemum indicum (Houtt.) Merr. [cultivated, naturalized]
Ischaemum latifolium (Spreng.) Kunth
Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. [naturalized]
Ischaemum timorense Kunth [cultivated, naturalized]
Ixophorus unisetus (J. Presl) Schltdl. [cultivated but expected in GU]
Lasiacis anomala Hitchc.
Lasiacis ligulata Hitchc. & Chase
Lasiacis nigra Davidse
Lasiacis procerrima (Hack.) Hitchc.
Lasiacis ruscifolia (Kunth) Hitchc.
Lasiacis scabrior Hitchc.
Lasiacis sloanei (Griseb.) Hitchc.
Lasiacis sorghoidea (Desv. ex Ham.) Hitchc. & Chase
Leersia hexandra Sw.
Leersia ligularis Trin. [expected in GU]
Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) P. Beauv.
Leptochloa scabra Nees
Leptochloa virgata (L.) P. Beauv.
Leptocoryphium lanatum (Kunth) Nees
Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) P. Beauv. [expected in GU]
Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) Hitchc.
Luziola doelliana Prodoehl
Luziola subintegra Swallen
Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv. [cultivated, naturalized]
Merostachys maguireorum McClure
Merostachys aff. retrorsa McClure
Mesosetum cayennense Steud.
Mesosetum chaseae Luces
Mesosetum chlorostachyum (Döll) Chase
Mesosetum filifolium Hubb.
Mesosetum loliiforme (Hochst. ex Steud.) Chase
Mesosetum rottboellioides (Kunth) Hitchc.
Microchloa indica (L. f.) P. Beauv. [introduced species expected in GU]
Myriocladus cardonae Swallen
Myriocladus churunensis Swallen
Myriocladus distantiflorus Swallen [other species of this genus expected as
well]
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
153
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
154
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Myriocladus exsertus Swallen
Myriocladus grandifolius Swallen
Myriocladus involutus Judz. & Davidse
Myriocladus longiramosus Swallen
Myriocladus neblinaensis Swallen
Myriocladus paludicolus Swallen [Sierra de la Neblina]
Myriocladus simplex Swallen
Myriocladus sp. A
Myriocladus steyermarkii Swallen
Myriocladus virgatus Swallen
Neurolepis angusta Swallen
Neurolepis diversiglumis Soderstr. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Neurolepis glomerata Swallen
Neurolepis pittieri McClure
Neurolepis sp. A
Olyra caudata Trin.
Olyra ciliatifolia Raddi
Olyra ecaudata Döll
Olyra latifolia L.
Olyra longifolia Kunth
Olyra obliquifolia Steud.
Olyra standleyi Hitchc.
Olyra wurdackii Swallen
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv.
Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.
Oryza grandiglumis (Döll) Prodoehl
Oryza latifolia Desv.
Oryza rufipogon Griff. [naturalized]
Oryza sativa L. [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Otachyrium grandiflorum Send. & Soderstr.
Otachyrium succisum (Swallen) Send. & Soderstr.
Otachyrium versicolor (Döll) Henrard
Panicum altum Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum arctum Swallen
Panicum bergii Arechav.
Panicum caricoides Nees
Panicum cayennense Lam.
Panicum cervicatum Chase [expected in GU]
Panicum chnoodes Trin.
Panicum cordovense E. Fourn.
Panicum cyanescens Nees ex Trin.
Panicum deciduum Swallen
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.
Panicum discrepans Döll
Panicum elephantipes Nees ex Trin.
Panicum eligulatum N.E. Br.
Panicum fontanale Swallen
Panicum fonticolum Swallen
Panicum grande Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum granuliferum Kunth
Panicum haenkeanum J. Presl
Panicum hirsutum Sw.
Panicum hirtum Lam.
Panicum hispidifolium Swallen
Panicum hylaeicum Mez
Panicum ichunense Swallen
Panicum jauanum Davidse
Panicum ligulare Nees ex Trin.
Panicum maximum Jacq. [naturalized]
Panicum mertensii Roth
Panicum micranthum Kunth
Panicum miliaceum L. [cultivated; naturalized?]
Panicum millegrana Poir.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
SU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Panicum nervosum Lam.
Panicum olyroides Kunth
Panicum orinocanum Luces
Panicum pandum Swallen
Panicum pantrichum Hack. [expected in GU]
Panicum parvifolium Lam.
Panicum petrense Swallen
Panicum pilosum Sw.
Panicum polycomum Trin.
Panicum polygonatum Schrad.
Panicum pulchellum Raddi
Panicum pyrularium Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum rivale Swallen
Panicum rudgei Roem. & Schult.
Panicum scabridum Döll
Panicum schwackeanum Mez
Panicum sellowii Nees
Panicum sipapoense Swallen
Panicum stenodes Griseb.
Panicum steyermarkii Swallen
Panicum stoloniferum Poir.
Panicum tepuianum Davidse & Zuloaga
Panicum trichanthum Nees
Panicum trichocladum Hack. ex K. Schum. [naturalized]
Panicum trichoides Sw.
Panicum tricholaenoides Steud.
Panicum yavitaense Swallen
Pappophorum mucronulatum Nees
Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze [naturalized]
Paratheria prostrata Griseb.
Pariana campestris Aubl.
Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Parodiolyra luetzelburgii (Pilg.) Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Parodiolyra micrantha (Kunth) Davidse & Zuloaga
Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf
Paspalum albidulum Henrard
Paspalum altsonii Chase
Paspalum ammodes Trin.
Paspalum apiculatum Döll
Paspalum arenarium Schrad.
Paspalum arundinaceum Poir.
Paspalum aspidiotes Trin.
Paspalum atabapense Davidse & Zuloaga
Paspalum bifidifolium Soderstr.
Paspalum boscianum Flüggé
Paspalum carinatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
Paspalum chaffanjonii Maury
Paspalum cinerascens (Döll) A.G. Burm. & M.N.C. Bastos
Paspalum clavuliferum C. Wright
Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius
Paspalum conspersum Schrad.
Paspalum convexum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
Paspalum corcovadense Raddi
Paspalum coryphaeum Trin.
Paspalum decumbens Sw.
Paspalum delicatum Swallen
Paspalum densum Poir.
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. [cultivated, naturalized]
Paspalum distichum L.
Paspalum exaltatum J. Presl
Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flüggé [cultivated; naturalized]
Paspalum fimbriatum Kunth [introduced, no recent collections]
Paspalum gardnerianum Nees
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
155
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
DA
BO
GU
FG
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
BO
DA
GU?
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG?
SU
FG
SU
FG
156
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Paspalum goeldii Swallen
Paspalum hyalinum Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum intermedium Munro ex Morong & Britton
Paspalum lacustre Swallen [records erroneous, but perhaps expected]
Paspalum lanciflorum Trin.
Paspalum laxum Lam.
Paspalum lineare Trin.
Paspalum loefgrenii Ekman
Paspalum maculosum Trin.
Paspalum maritimum Trin.
Paspalum melanospermum Desv. ex Poir.
Paspalum millegrana Schrad.
Paspalum morichalense Davidse, Zuloaga & Filg. [specimens previously
identified as Paspalum lacustre]
Paspalum multicaule Poir.
Paspalum multinervium A.G. Burm.
Paspalum notatum Flüggé
Paspalum nudatum Luces
Paspalum nutans Lam.
Paspalum oligostachyum Salzm. ex Steud.
Paspalum orbiculatum Poir.
Paspalum paniculatum L.
Paspalum parviflorum Rhode ex Flüggé
Paspalum pectinatum Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum petilum Chase
Paspalum pictum Ekman
Paspalum pilosum Lam.
Paspalum plicatulum Michx.
Paspalum pulchellum Kunth
Paspalum pumilum Nees
Paspalum repens P.J. Bergius
Paspalum riparium Nees
Paspalum saccharoides Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum scrobiculatum L. [cultivated; naturalized?]
Paspalum serpentinum Hochst. ex Steud.
Paspalum stellatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé [expected in GU]
Paspalum subciliatum Chase
Paspalum subfalcatum (Döll) Tutin
Paspalum tillettii Davidse & Zuloaga
Paspalum trinii Swallen
Paspalum vaginatum Sw.
Paspalum virgatum L.
Paspalum wrightii Hitchc. & Chase
Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link [cultivated; naturalized?]
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult.
Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. [cultivated, naturalized]
Pharus lappulaceus Aubl.
Pharus latifolius L.
Pharus mezii Prodoehl
Pharus parvifolius Nash
Pharus parvifolius subsp. elongatus Judz.
Pharus parvifolius subsp. parvifolius
Pharus virescens Döll
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Piresia goeldii Swallen
Piresia macrophylla Soderstr.
Piresia sympodica (Döll) Swallen
Pseudechinolaena polystachya (Kunth) Stapf
Raddia guianensis (Brongn.) Hitchc.
Raddiella esenbeckii (Steud.) C.E. Calderón & Soderstr.
Raddiella aff. kaieteurana Soderstr.
Raddiella aff. potaroensis Soderstr.
Rehia nervata (Swallen) Fijten
Reimarochloa aberrans (Döll) Chase
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
SU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Reimarochloa acuta (Flüggé) Hitchc.
Rhipidocladum aff. maxonii (Hitchc.) McClure
Rhipidocladum aff. racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure
Rhipidocladum sibilans Davidse, Judz. & L.G. Clark [Mt. Roraima]
Rhipidocladum sp. A
Rhipidocladum sp. B
Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E. Hubb. [naturalized]
Rhytachne gonzalezii Davidse
Rhytachne guianensis (Hitchc.) Clayton
Rhytachne rottboellioides Desv. ex Ham.
Rhytachne subgibbosa (Winkl. ex Hack.) Clayton
Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton [naturalized]
Saccharum asperum (Nees) Steud. [expected in GU]
Saccharum trinii (Hack.) Renvoize
Sacciolepis angustissima (Hochst. ex Steud.) Kuhlm.
Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase [naturalized?]
Sacciolepis myuros (Lam.) Chase
Sacciolepis otachyrioides Judz.
Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash
Sacciolepis vilvoides (Trin.) Chase
Schizachyrium brevifolium (Sw.) Nees ex Büse
Schizachyrium condensatum (Kunth) Nees
Schizachyrium maclaudii (Jacq.-Fél.) S.T. Blake
Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston
Schizachyrium tenerum Nees
Setaria barbata (Lam.) Kunth [naturalized]
Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. [naturalized?]
Setaria macrostachya Kunth
Setaria magna Griseb.
Setaria palmifolia (J. König) Stapf [cultivated, native to tropical S. Asia]
Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen
Setaria setosa (Sw.) P. Beauv. [naturalized?]
Setaria sulcata Raddi
Setaria tenacissima Schrad. ex Schult.
Setaria tenax (Rich.) Desv.
Setaria vulpiseta (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.
Sorghastrum setosum (Griseb.) Hitchc.
Sorghastrum stipoides (Kunth) Nash
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench [cultivated, sparingly naturalized]
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. [cultivated, naturalized]
Spartina alterniflora Loisel.
Spheneria kegelii (Müll. Berol.) Pilg.
Sporobolus ciliatus J. Presl
Sporobolus cubensis Hitchc.
Sporobolus jacquemontii Kunth
Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc.
Sporobolus temomairemensis Judz. & P.M. Peterson
Sporobolus tenuissimus (Mart. ex Schrank) Kuntze
Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth
Steinchisma decipiens (Nees ex Trin.) W.V. Br.
Steinchisma laxa (Sw.) Zuloaga
Steinchisma stenophylla (Hack.) Zuloaga & Morrone
Steirachne barbata (Trin.) Renvoize
Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze
Steyermarkochloa angustifolia (Spreng.) Judz.
Streptochaeta spicata Schrad. ex Nees [expected in GU]
Streptogyna americana C.E. Hubb.
Streptostachys asperifolia Desv.
Thrasya achlysophila Soderstr.
Thrasya axillaris (Swallen) A.G. Burm. ex Judz. [expected in GU]
Thrasya granitica A.G. Burm.
Thrasya hitchcockii Chase
Thrasya paspaloides Kunth
Thrasya petrosa (Trin.) Chase
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
157
GU
GU
GU?
DA
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
FG
SU
GU
GU
BO
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
DA
AM
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
158
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Thrasya robusta Hitchc. & Chase
Thrasya scandens (Tutin) Soderstr. ex A.G. Burm.
Thrasya stricta A.G. Burm.
Thrasya trinitensis Mez
Trachypogon spicatus (L. f.) Kuntze
Tridens flaccidus (Döll) Parodi
Tripogon spicatus (Nees) Ekman [expected in GU]
Tripsacum andersonii J.R. Gray [introduced]
Tripsacum australe H.C. Cutler & E.S. Anderson
Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.
Urochloa reptans (L.) Stapf [naturalized]
Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash [cultivated; naturalized?]
Zea luxurians (Durieu & Asch.) Bird [cultivated or escaped from cultivation]
Zeugites sp. A
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acicarpa sacchariflora Raddi =Digitaria insularis
Aegopogon cenchroides Kunth =Aegopogon cenchroides
Agrosticula muralis Raddi =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Agrostis brasiliensis Spreng. =Reimarochloa acuta
Agrostis compressa (Sw.) Poir. =Axonopus compressus
Agrostis littoralis Lam. =Sporobolus virginicus
Agrostis minutiflora (Trin.) Desf. ex Steud. =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Agrostis radiata L. =Chloris radiata
Agrostis villosa Rchb. ex A. Spreng. =Sporobolus ciliatus
Aira laxa Rich. =Orthoclada laxa
Anastrophus capillaris (Lam.) Nash =Axonopus capillaris
Anastrophus platycaulis (Poir.) Nash ex Small =Axonopus compressus
Anatherum holcoides Nees =Eriochrysis holcoides
Anatherum zizanioides (L.) Hitchc. & Chase =Vetiveria zizanioides
Andropogon adustus Trin. =Elionurus muticus
Andropogon angustifolius Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon barbatus L. =Chloris elata
Andropogon barbatus L., 1771 =Chloris barbata
Andropogon bracteatus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Hyparrhenia bracteata
Andropogon brevifolius Sw. =Schizachyrium brevifolium
Andropogon canescens (Nees) Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon condensatus Kunth =Schizachyrium condensatum
Andropogon contortus L. =Heteropogon contortus
Andropogon crassus Sohns =Andropogon vetus
Andropogon crucianus Renvoize =Andropogon insolitus
Andropogon dactyloides Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon dissolutus (Nees) Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon hirtiflorus (Nees) Kunth =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Andropogon hispidus Humb. & Bonp. ex Willd. =Arundinella hispida
Andropogon insularis L. =Digitaria insularis
Andropogon latifolius Spreng. =Ischaemum latifolium
Andropogon leucostachyus subsp. selloanus Hack. =Andropogon selloanus
Andropogon ligularis (Nees) Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon macroglossus (Trin.) Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon microstachyum Desv. =Schizachyrium condensatum
Andropogon mollis (Nees) Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon montufarii Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon nodosus (Willemet) Nash =Dichanthium aristatum
Andropogon perdignus Sohns =Andropogon vetus
Andropogon plumosus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon polydactylon L. [nom. superfl.] =Chloris elata
Andropogon riedelii Trin. =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Andropogon secundus (J. Presl) Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon segetum (Trin.) Steud. =Ischaemum rugosum
Andropogon semiberbis (Nees) Kunth =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Andropogon setosus Griseb. =Sorghastrum setosum
Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot. =Sorghum bicolor
Andropogon spicatus Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
DA
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Andropogon squarrosus sensu Pulle non L. f. =Vetiveria zizanioides
Andropogon stipoides (J. Presl) Kunth =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon tener (Nees) Kunth =Schizachyrium tenerum
Andropogon trichospirus Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon truncatus (Nees) Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
Andropogon vestitus Steud. =Trachypogon spicatus
Anthaenantia lanata (Kunth) Benth. =Leptocoryphium lanatum
Apluda zeugites sensu Aubl. non L. =Ichnanthus pallens
Aristida adscensionis var. bromoides (Kunth) Henrard =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida adscensionis subsp. bromoides (Kunth) Henrard =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida adscensionis var. coarctata (Kunth) Kuntze =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida americana L. =Bouteloua americana
Aristida arenaria Trin. =Aristida setifolia
Aristida bromoides Kunth =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida coarctata Kunth =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida dispersa var. humilis (Kunth) Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida doelliana Henrard =Aristida setifolia
Aristida elegans Rudge =Aristida capillacea
Aristida humilis Kunth =Aristida adscensionis
Aristida implexa var. aequa Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida riparia
Aristida marginalis Ekman =Aristida gibbosa
Aristida neesiana Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida recurvata
Aristida orizabensis E. Fourn. =Aristida gibbosa
Aristida pittieri Henrard =Aristida moritzii
Aristida planifolia Swallen =Aristida riparia
Aristida riedeliana Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida recurvata
Aristida scabra (Kunth) Kunth =Aristida ternipes
Aristida setifolia var. arenaria (Trin.) Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida setifolia
Aristida setifolia var. grandiflora Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida setifolia
Aristida setifolia var. intermedia Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida setifolia
Aristida tarapotana Mez =Aristida setifolia
Aristida tenuis (Kunth) Kunth =Aristida ternipes
Aristida tincta Trin. & Rupr. =Aristida torta
Arthrostylidium cacuminis McClure =Arthrostylidium scandens
Arthrostylidium capillifolium Griseb. [West Indian species, not in flora area] =Arthrostylidium farctum
Arthrostylidium farctum (Aubl.) Soderstr. & Lourteig [West Indian species, not in flora area]
Arthrostylidium racemiflorum Steud. =Rhipidocladum racemiflorum
Arthrostylidium steyermarkii McClure =Aulonemia deflexa
Arthrostylidium subpectinatum Kuntze =Aulonemia subpectinata
Arunda farcta Aubl. [West Indian species, not in flora area] =Arthrostylidium farctum
Arundinaria deflexa N.E. Br. =Aulonemia deflexa
Arundinaria schomburgkii Benn. =Arthrostylidium schomburgkii
Arundinella confinis (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase =Arundinella hispida
Arundo altissima Benth. =Phragmites australis
Arundo australis Cav. =Phragmites australis
Arundo phragmites L. =Phragmites australis
Arundo roraimensis N.E. Br. =Cortaderia roraimensis
Aulonemia steyermarkii (McClure) McClure =Aulonemia deflexa
Axonopus “perpusillus Swallen” [invalid name, error for Axonopus purpurellus Swallen]
Axonopus affinis sensu Lindeman & Görts non Chase =Axonopus purpusii
Axonopus affinis Chase =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus anomalus Swallen =Axonopus purpusii
Axonopus appendiculatus (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase =Axonopus excavatus
Axonopus ater Chase =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus attenuatus non (J. Presl) Hitchc., sensu Hitchc. =Axonopus flabelliformis
Axonopus aturensis Luces =Axonopus anceps
Axonopus aureus var. pilosus (Döll) Henrard =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Axonopus canescens var. psilachne (Döll) G.A. Black =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus caracarahyensis G.A. Black & Fróes =Axonopus anceps
Axonopus carinato-vaginatus (Mez) H. Scholz =Axonopus aureus
Axonopus carinato-vaginatus var. sprucei (G.A. Black) H. Scholz =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus caulescens sensu Swallen non (Mez) Henrard =Axonopus ramosus
Axonopus chrysites (Steud.) Kuhlm. =Axonopus aureus
Axonopus chrysodactylus (Trin.) Kuhlm. =Axonopus canescens
159
160
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Axonopus compressus var. affinis (Chase) M.R. Hend. =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus compressus var. australis G.A. Black =Axonopus compressus
Axonopus compressus var. macropodius (Steud.) G.A. Black =Axonopus compressus
Axonopus erectus Swallen =Axonopus anceps
Axonopus exasperatus (Nees ex Steud.) G.A. Black =Axonopus aureus
Axonopus extenuatus (Nees) Kuhlm. =Axonopus capillaris
Axonopus fissifolius sensu Amshoff & Henrard non (Raddi) Kuhlm. =Axonopus purpusii
Axonopus fissifolius var. coronatus G.A. Black =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus flabelliformis var. camporum G.A. Black =Axonopus flabelliformis
Axonopus flabelliformis var. decipiens G.A. Black =Axonopus flabelliformis
Axonopus flexilis (Mez) Henrard =Axonopus purpusii
Axonopus fockei (Mez) Henrard =Axonopus surinamensis
Axonopus fockei sensu Amshoff & Henrard non (Mez) Henrard, =Axonopus equitans
Axonopus gentilis Henrard =Axonopus eminens
Axonopus hirsutus G.A. Black =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus hitchcockii G.A. Black =Axonopus longispicus
Axonopus immersus (Nees) Kuhlm. =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Axonopus kaietukensis Swallen =Axonopus flabelliformis
Axonopus laxus Luces =Axonopus capillaris
Axonopus leptostachyus non (Flüggé) Hitchc. sensu Hitchc. =Axonopus longispicus
Axonopus macrostachyus Hitchc. & Chase =Axonopus leptostachyus
Axonopus maguirei G.A. Black [not in flora area]
Axonopus minutus Luces =Axonopus aureus
Axonopus multipes Swallen =Axonopus compressus
Axonopus paranaensis Parodi =Axonopus leptostachyus
Axonopus paucisetosus G.A. Black =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus piccae Giraldo-CaZas =Axonopus iridifolius
Axonopus pruinosus Henrard =Axonopus anceps
Axonopus pulcher (Nees) Kuhlm. =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus purpurellus Swallen =Axonopus flabelliformis
Axonopus rivularis G.A. Black =Axonopus longispicus
Axonopus scoparius (Flüggé) Hitchc. sensu Hitchc. =Axonopus pubivaginatus
Axonopus sprucei G.A. Black =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus sprucei var. glabratus (Döll) G.A. Black =Axonopus canescens
Axonopus stragulus Chase =Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus stragulus sensu Amshoff & Henrard non Chase =Axonopus ramosus
Axonopus tamayonis Luces =Axonopus flabelliformis
Bambusa guadua Bonpl. =Guadua angustifolia
Bambusa latifolia Bonpl. =Guadua latifolia
Bambusa macrostachya (Rupr.) McClure =Guadua macrostachya
Bambusa surinamensis Rupr. [cultivated] =Bambusa vulgaris
Bambusa venezuelae (Munro) McClure =Guadua venezuelae
Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl. [cultivated]
Bothriochloa ischaemum sensu Hitchc. non (L.) Keng =Bothriochloa bladhii
Bothriochloa pertusa sensu Hitchc. non (L.) Willd. =Bothriochloa bladhii
Brachiaria purpurascens (Raddi) Henrard =Brachiaria mollis
Bromus spicatus Nees =Tripogon spicatus
Bulbulus nervatus Swallen =Rehia nervata
Cabrera chrysoblepharis Lag. =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze =Cynodon dactylon
Caryochloa bahiensis Steud. =Luziola bahiensis
Cenchrus ciliaris L. =Pennisetum ciliare
Cenchrus dactylolepis Steud. =Cenchrus brownii
Cenchrus granularis L. =Hackelochloa granularis
Cenchrus inflexus Poir. =Echinolaena inflexa
Cenchrus marginalis Rudge =Echinolaena inflexa
Cenchrus parviflorus Poir. =Setaria parviflora
Cenchrus setosus Sw. =Pennisetum polystachion
Cenchrus viridis Spreng. =Cenchrus brownii
Chaetaria adscensionis (L.) P. Beauv. =Aristida adscensionis
Chaetaria bromoides (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Aristida adscensionis
Chaetaria capillacea (Lam.) P. Beauv. =Aristida capillacea
Chaetaria coarctata (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Aristida adscensionis
Chaetaria gibbosa Nees =Aristida gibbosa
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Chaetaria humilis (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Aristida adscensionis
Chaetaria recurvata (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Aristida recurvata
Chaetaria setifolia (Kunth) Nees =Aristida setifolia
Chaetaria torta Nees =Aristida torta
Chaetochloa geniculata (Lam.) Millsp. & Chase =Setaria parviflora
Chaetochloa poiretiana (Schult.) Hitchc. =Setaria poiretiana
Chaetochloa tenax (Rich.) Hitchc. =Setaria tenax
Chloris barbata (L.) Nash =Chloris elata
Chloris dandyana C.D. Adams [nom. illeg.] =Chloris elata
Chloris foliosa Willd. =Gymnopogon foliosus
Chloris inflata Link =Chloris barbata
Chloris mollis (Nees) Swallen =Enteropogon mollis
Chloris polydactyla (L.) Sw. [nom. illeg.] =Chloris elata
Chusquea venezuelae Steud. =Arthrostylidium venezuelae
Coelorachis loricata (Trin.) Nash =Rhytachne rottboellioides
Cryptochloa concinna sensu Swallen non (Hook. f.) Swallen =Piresia goeldii
Cymbopogon bracteatus (Willd.) Hitchc. =Hyparrhenia bracteata
Cynosurus aegyptius L. =Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Cynosurus domingensis Jacq. =Leptochloa virgata
Cynosurus indicus L. =Eleusine indica
Cynosurus virgatus L. =Leptochloa virgata
Diandrochloa diplachnoides (Steud.) A.N. Henry =Eragrostis japonica
Diandrochloa glomerata (Walter) Burkart =Eragrostis japonica
Diandrochloa japonica (Thunb.) A.N. Henry =Eragrostis japonica
Diectomis fastigiata (Sw.) P. Beauv. =Andropogon fastigiatus
Digitaria adscendens (Kunth) Henrard =Digitaria ciliaris
Digitaria argillacea sensu Swallen non (Hitchc. & Chase) Fernald =Digitaria fragilis
Digitaria aurea (P. Beauv.) Spreng. =Axonopus aureus
Digitaria glabriculmis Swallen =Digitaria venezuelae
Digitaria insularis Mez ex Ekman =Digitaria insularis
Digitaria malacophylla (Hitchc.) Henrard =Digitaria lanuginosa
Digitaria microbachne (J. Presl) Henrard =Digitaria setigera
Digitaria platicaulis (Poir.) Desv. =Axonopus compressus
Digitaria sacchariflora (Raddi) Henrard =Digitaria insularis
Digitaria sanguinalis auct. non (L.) Scop. 1771: sensu Luces =Digitaria ciliaris
Digitaria uniflora Salzm. ex Steud. =Axonopus compressus
Elionurus adustus (Trin.) Ekman =Elionurus muticus
Elionurus planifolius Renvoize =Elionurus muticus
Eragrostis acuminata Döll =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis acutiflora var. humilior J. Presl =Eragrostis acutiflora
Eragrostis amabilis var. plumosa (Retz.) E.G. Camus & A. Camus =Eragrostis amabilis
Eragrostis amoena J. Presl =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis aturensis (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud. =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis bahiensis sensu Lemée non Schrad. ex Schult. =Eragrostis scaligera
Eragrostis barbata Trin. =Steirachne barbata
Eragrostis capillaris sensu Lemée non (L.) Nees =Eragrostis pilosa
Eragrostis chariis (Schult.) Hitchc. =Eragrostis atrovirens
Eragrostis ciliaris var. patens Chapm. ex Beal =Eragrostis amabilis
Eragrostis conferta (Elliott) Trin. =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis diplachnoides Steud. =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis elegantula (Kunth) Nees ex Steud. =Eragrostis gangetica
Eragrostis filiformis Link =Eragrostis pilosa
Eragrostis flamignii De Wild. =Eragrostis gangetica
Eragrostis floridana Hitchc. =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis fragilis Swallen =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis glomerata (Walter) L.H. Dewey =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis hapalantha Trin. =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis interrupta var. diplachnoides (Steud.) Stapf =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis interrupta var. laxiflora Döll =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis interrupta var. parviflora Döll =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis lindeniana Steud. =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis linkii (Kunth) Steud. =Eragrostis pilosa
Eragrostis maypurensis var. densiuscula Pilg. =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis maypurensis var. meratiana (Kunth) Pilg. =Eragrostis maypurensis
161
162
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Eragrostis meratiana (Kunth) Steud. =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis mexicana auct., non (Lag.) Link =Eragrostis pilosa
Eragrostis namaquensis var. diplachnoides (Steud.) Clayton =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis pallida Vasey =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis panamensis J. Presl =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis plumosa (Retz.) Link =Eragrostis amabilis
Eragrostis poaeoides sensu Pulle non P. Beauv. =Eragrostis tephrosanthos
Eragrostis polytricha var. glabrior Döll =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis polytricha var. hirsutior Döll =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis purpusii Jedwabn. =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nees =Eragrostis hypnoides
Eragrostis reptans var. contracta Döll =Eragrostis hypnoides
Eragrostis reptans var. laxior Döll =Eragrostis hypnoides
Eragrostis reptans var. pygmaea Döll =Eragrostis hypnoides
Eragrostis rufescens var. laurentiana Benoist =Eragrostis scaligera
Eragrostis stenoclada J. Presl =Eragrostis gangetica
Eragrostis tenella (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. =Eragrostis amabilis
Eragrostis tenella var. japonica (Thunb.) Roem. & Schult. =Eragrostis japonica
Eragrostis tenella var. plumosa (Retz.) Stapf =Eragrostis amabilis
Eragrostis tenella var. viscosa (Retz.) Stapf =Eragrostis viscosa
Eragrostis trichocolea Hack. & Arechav. =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis trichocolea var. floridana (Hitchc.) Witherspoon =Eragrostis polytricha
Eragrostis vahlii (Roem. & Schult.) Nees =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis vahlii var. polyantha Döll =Eragrostis maypurensis
Eragrostis viscosa var. pilosissima (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Hochst. =Eragrostis viscosa
Eragrostis warmingii Hack. =Eragrostis viscosa
Erianthus asper Nees =Saccharum asperum
Erianthus saccharoides var. ß trinii Hack. =Saccharum trinii
Erianthus trinii (Hack.) Hack. =Saccharum trinii
Eriochloa kunthii G. Mey. =Eriochloa punctata
Eriochloa ramosa (Retz.) Kuntze =Eriochloa procera
Eriochloa subglabra (Nash) Hitchc. =Eriochloa polystachya
Erosion hypnoides (Lam.) Lunell =Eragrostis hypnoides
Euchlaena luxurians Durieu & Asch. =Zea luxurians
Festuca filiformis Lam. =Leptochloa filiformis
Guadua dioica Steud. =Guadua macrostachya
Guadua tagoara sensu Pulle non (Nees) Kunth =Guadua latifolia
Gymnopogon mollis Nees =Enteropogon mollis
Gynerium saccharoides Humb. =Gynerium sagittatum
Helopus cognatus Steud. =Eriochloa punctata
Helopus kunthii (G. Mey.) Trin. ex Steud. =Eriochloa punctata
Heteropogon secundus J. Presl =Trachypogon spicatus
Heteropogon stipoides J. Presl =Trachypogon spicatus
Heteropogon truncatus Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Holcus bicolor L. =Sorghum bicolor
Holcus sorghum L. =Sorghum bicolor
Holcus sorghum var. sudanensis (Piper) Hitchc. =Sorghum halepense
Holcus striatus L. =Sacciolepis striata
Homalocenchrus hexandrus (Sw.) Kuntze =Leersia hexandra
Hymenachne auriculata (Spreng.) Chase =Hymenachne donacifolia
Hypogynium virgatum (Desv.) Dandy =Andropogon virgatus
Ichnanthus acuminatus Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus amplus Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus angustifolius Swallen =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus angustus Swallen =Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis
Ichnanthus areolatus K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus pallens
Ichnanthus axillaris (Nees) Hitchc. & Chase =Ichnanthus pallens
Ichnanthus candicans sensu Lemée non (Nees) Döll =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus candicans var. virescens Döll =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus chaseae Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus confertus K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus pallens
Ichnanthus duidensis Swallen =Ichnanthus lancifolius var. weberbaueri
Ichnanthus hispidus Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus hitchcockii K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus pallens
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ichnanthus ichnodes (Griseb.) Hitchc. & Chase =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus longifolius Swallen =Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis
Ichnanthus neblinaensis Swallen =Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis
Ichnanthus nubilis Chase =Ichnanthus nemorosus
Ichnanthus pallidus Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus petiolatus var. lanceolatus Döll =Ichnanthus nemoralis
Ichnanthus polythyrsus (Nees ex Steud.) K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus riedelii sensu Hitchc. non (Trin.) Döll =Ichnanthus nemoralis
Ichnanthus sabulosus K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus serratus Swallen =Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis
Ichnanthus sucrensis K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus tamayonis Chase =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus tectus Swallen =Ichnanthus ephemeroblepharis
Ichnanthus tenuifolius K.E. Rogers =Ichnanthus nemorosus
Ichnanthus venezuelanus Mez =Ichnanthus tenuis
Ichnanthus vestitus Swallen =Ichnanthus calvescens
Ichnanthus weberbaueri Mez =Ichnanthus lancifolius var. weberbaueri
Imperata arundinacea var. americana L. Andersson =Imperata brasiliensis
Imperata caudata (G. Mey.) Trin. =Imperata contracta
Imperata flexuosa Swallen =Imperata contracta
Isachne arundinacea auct. non (Sw.) Griseb. 1864: sensu Luces =Isachne rigens
Isachne ligulata Swallen =Isachne rigens
Ischaemopogon latifolius (Spreng.) Griseb. =Ischaemum latifolium
Ischaemum ciliare Retz. =Ischaemum indicum
Ischaemum guianense var. schomburgkii Hack. =Ischaemum guianense
Ischaemum latifolium subsp. hirtivaginum Hitchc. =Ischaemum latifolium
Ischaemum latifolium var. minus E. Fourn. =Ischaemum latifolium
Ischaemum rugosum var. segetum (Trin.) Hack. =Ischaemum rugosum
Ischaemum segetum Trin. =Ischaemum rugosum
Lasiacis acuminata Swallen =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Lasiacis compacta (Sw. ex Wikstr.) Hitchc. =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Lasiacis divaricata sensu Amshoff & Henrard non (L.) Hitchc. =Lasiacis ligulata
Lasiacis glabra Swallen =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Lasiacis guaraniticum (Speg.) Parodi =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Lasiacis liebmanniana (E. Fourn.) Hitchc. =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Lasiacis patentiflora Hitchc. & Chase =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Lasiacis sorghoidea var. patentiflora (Hitchc. & Chase) Davidse =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Lasiacis swartziana (Hitchc.) Hitchc. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Leersia distichophylla Balansa & Poitr. =Leersia ligularis
Leersia grandiflora (Döll) Prodoehl =Leersia ligularis
Leersia ligularis var. glabriflora Pyrah =Leersia ligularis
Leersia ligularis var. grandiflora (Döll) Pyrah =Leersia ligularis
Leptochloa domingensis (Jacq.) Trin. =Leptochloa virgata
Leptochloa mutica Steud. =Leptochloa virgata
Leptochloa virgata var. mutica (Steud.) Döll =Leptochloa virgata
Leptostachys domingensis G. Mey. =Leptochloa virgata
Leptostachys filiformis G. Mey. =Leptochloa filiformis
Leptostachys virgata G. Mey. =Leptochloa virgata
Luziola pittieri Luces =Luziola doelliana
Luziola spruceana auct. non Benth. ex Döll 1871: sensu Hitchc. =Luziola subintegra
Lycurus muticus Spreng. =Elionurus muticus
Manisuris aurita (Steud.) Kuntze =Coelorachis aurita
Manisuris granularis (L.) Naezén =Hackelochloa granularis
Manisuris guianensis Hitchc. =Rhytachne guianensis
Manisuris loricata (Trin.) Kuntze =Rhytachne rottboellioides
Megastachya acutiflora (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Eragrostis acutiflora
Megastachya breviflora E. Fourn. =Eragrostis hypnoides
Megastachya corymbifera E. Fourn. =Eragrostis hypnoides
Megastachya gouinii E. Fourn. =Eragrostis hypnoides
Megastachya hypnoides (Lam.) P. Beauv. =Eragrostis hypnoides
Megastachya maypurensis (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. =Eragrostis maypurensis
Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka =Rhynchelytrum repens
Meoschium rugosum (Salisb.) Nees =Ischaemum rugosum
Mesosetum cardonum Luces =Mesosetum chaseae
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Mesosetum elongatum Mez =Mesosetum loliiforme
Mesosetum tenuifolium Swallen =Mesosetum loliiforme
Milium compressum Sw. =Axonopus compressus
Milium punctatum L. =Eriochloa punctata
Mnesithea aurita (Steud.) de Koning & Sosef =Coelorachis aurita
Mnesithea subgibbosa (Winkl. ex Hack.) de Koning & Sosef =Rhytachne subgibbosa
Myriocladus affinis Swallen =Myriocladus longiramosus
Myriocladus confertus Swallen =Myriocladus distantiflorus
Myriocladus gracilis Swallen =Myriocladus steyermarkii
Myriocladus maguirei Swallen =Myriocladus virgatus
Myriocladus paraquensis Swallen =Myriocladus grandifolius
Myriocladus paruensis Swallen =Myriocladus longiramosus
Myriocladus purpureus Swallen =Myriocladus distantiflorus
Myriocladus variabilis Swallen =Myriocladus distantiflorus
Myriocladus wurdackii Swallen =Myriocladus distantiflorus
Neeragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) Bush =Eragrostis hypnoides
Neurolepis densiflora Swallen =Neurolepis glomerata
Neurolepis nigra Swallen =Neurolepis glomerata
Olyra cordifolia Kunth =Olyra latifolia
Olyra dimidiata Hochst. ex Steud. =Olyra caudata
Olyra fasciculata auct. non Trin. 1834 =Olyra standleyi
Olyra floribunda var. microphylla Döll =Raddia guianensis
Olyra kegelii Mez =Olyra longifolia
Olyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Chase =Parodiolyra lateralis
Olyra lateralis sensu Amshoff & Henrard non (J. Presl ex Nees) Chase =Parodiolyra luetzelburgii
Olyra latifolia var. pubescens (Raddi) Döll =Olyra latifolia
Olyra latifolia var. vestita Henrard =Olyra latifolia
Olyra luetzelburgii Pilg. =Parodiolyra luetzelburgii
Olyra micrantha Kunth =Parodiolyra micrantha
Olyra nana Döll [nom. superfl.] =Raddiella esenbeckii
Olyra ovata Desv. =Ichnanthus panicoides
Olyra pauciflora Sw. =Lithachne pauciflora
Olyra pubescens Raddi =Olyra latifolia
Olyra sarmentosa Döll =Parodiolyra lateralis
Olyra scabra Nees =Olyra latifolia
Olyra speciosa Mez =Olyra caudata
Olyra surinamensis Hochst. ex Steud. =Olyra latifolia
Olyra surinamensis auct. non Hochst. ex Steud. =Olyra longifolia
Olyra sympodica Döll =Piresia sympodica
Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth =Echinochloa crus-pavonis
Oplismenus polystachyus Kunth =Echinochloa polystachya
Oplismenus pseudo-undulatifolius (Roem. & Schult.) Kunth =Panicum stoloniferum
Oplismenus tenuis J. Presl =Ichnanthus tenuis
Oplismenus velutinus (G. Mey.) Schult. =Oplismenus hirtellus
Orthoclada rariflora (Lam.) P. Beauv. =Orthoclada laxa
Orthoclada rariflora var. lanceolata Döll =Orthoclada laxa
Orthoclada rariflora var. sesquiflora Döll =Orthoclada laxa
Oryza alta Swallen =Oryza latifolia
Oryza glumaepatula Hochst. ex Steud. =Oryza rufipogon
Oryza monandra var. grandiflora Döll =Leersia ligularis
Oryza perennis Moench [nom. confus.] =Oryza rufipogon
Panicum aequivaginatum Swallen =Dichanthelium aequivaginatum
Panicum agglutinans Kunth =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum albociliatum Swallen =Dichanthelium pycnoclados
Panicum altissimum G. Mey. =Panicum mertensii
Panicum amplexicaule Rudge =Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Panicum amplifolium Steud. =Setaria vulpiseta
Panicum angulosum Swallen =Panicum rivale
Panicum angustissimum Hochst. ex Steud. =Sacciolepis angustissima
Panicum appressifolium Swallen =Dichanthelium aequivaginatum
Panicum appressum (Lam.) Döll =Paspalidium geminatum
Panicum arrectum Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz =Brachiaria arrecta
Panicum asperifolium (Desv.) Hitchc. =Streptostachys asperifolia
Panicum aturense Kunth =Homolepis aturensis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Panicum auyanense Swallen =Panicum eligulatum
Panicum axillare Nees =Ichnanthus pallens
Panicum axipilium Steud. =Panicum hirtum
Panicum blackii Swallen =Panicum micranthum
Panicum breviscrobs (Döll) Pilg. =Ichnanthus breviscrobs
Panicum burmannii Retz. =Oplismenus burmannii
Panicum calvescens Nees =Ichnanthus calvescens
Panicum caricoides sensu Lemée non Nees =Panicum stenodes
Panicum caricoides var. pilosum Döll =Panicum caricoides
Panicum caroniense Luces =Steinchisma laxa
Panicum caudatum Lam. =Setaria setosa
Panicum cayennense var. curtatum Döll =Panicum cayennense
Panicum cayennense var. divaricatum Döll =Panicum rudgei
Panicum cayennense var. patulum Döll =Panicum cayennense
Panicum chlorostachyum Döll =Mesosetum chlorostachyum
Panicum chloroticum Nees =Panicum dichotomiflorum
Panicum chrysites Steud. =Axonopus aureus
Panicum chrysoblephare (Lag.) Steud. =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Panicum chrysodactylon Trin. =Axonopus canescens
Panicum churunense Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum ciliare Retz. =Digitaria ciliaris
Panicum coenosum Döll =Panicum pilosum
Panicum colonum L. =Echinochloa colona
Panicum commelinaefolium Rudge =Panicum nervosum
Panicum compactum Sw. ex Wikstr. =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Panicum compositum auct., non L. =Oplismenus hirtellus
Panicum cordovense sensu Amshoff & Henrard non E. Fourn. =Dichanthelium pycnoclados
Panicum cowanii Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum crus-galli var. aristatum G. Mey. =Echinochloa crus-pavonis
Panicum curvifolium Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum cyanescens var. lamarckianum Döll =Panicum cyanescens
Panicum dactylon L. =Cynodon dactylon
Panicum davidsei Zuloaga & Morrone =Dichanthelium davidsei
Panicum decipiens Nees ex Trin. =Steinchisma decipiens
Panicum densifolium Swallen =Panicum micranthum
Panicum distichum var. lancifolium Griseb. =Panicum pilosum
Panicum distichum var. lancifolium Griseb. ex Hitchc. =Panicum pilosum
Panicum distichum var. luxurians G. Mey. =Panicum pilosum
Panicum divaricatum var. lanatum Schltdl. & Cham. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum divaricatum var. latifolium Schltdl. & Cham. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum donacifolium Raddi =Hymenachne donacifolia
Panicum echinolaena Nees =Echinolaena inflexa
Panicum elatior Kunth =Panicum mertensii
Panicum errabundum Hitchc. =Panicum schwackeanum
Panicum esenbeckii Nees ex Steud. =Raddiella esenbeckii
Panicum exasperatum Nees ex Steud. =Axonopus aureus
Panicum excavatum Henrard =Acroceras excavatum
Panicum fasciculatum Sw. =Brachiaria fasciculata
Panicum fistulosum Hochst. ex Steud. =Panicum elephantipes
Panicum frondescens G. Mey. =Panicum stoloniferum
Panicum funckianum Steud. =Panicum olyroides
Panicum fusciflorum Steud. =Leptocoryphium lanatum
Panicum fuscum Sw. =Brachiaria fasciculata
Panicum geminatum Forssk. =Paspalidium geminatum
Panicum geniculatum Willd. =Setaria parviflora
Panicum glutinosum Lam. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum glutinosum Sw. =Homolepis glutinosa
Panicum gracilissimum Swallen =Panicum polycomum
Panicum graniticum Swallen =Panicum pandum
Panicum guaraniticum Speg. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum guianense Hitchc. =Panicum hylaeicum
Panicum hebotes Trin. =Dichanthelium hebotes
Panicum hirtellum L. =Oplismenus hirtellus
Panicum hoffmannseggii Roem. & Schult. =Ichnanthus hoffmannseggii
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Panicum horizontale (Willd.) G. Mey. =Digitaria horizontalis
Panicum humidicolum Rendle =Brachiaria humidicola
Panicum imberbe Poir. =Setaria parviflora
Panicum immersum (Nees) Trin. =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Panicum insulare (L.) G. Mey. =Digitaria insularis
Panicum inversum Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum isocalycium G. Mey. =Homolepis isocalycia
Panicum kaietukense Tutin =Panicum parvifolium
Panicum kappleri Steud. =Panicum micranthum
Panicum kavanayense Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum lanatum Sw. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum lanatum var. sorghoideum (Desv. ex Ham.) Griseb. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum laterale C. Presl. ex Nees =Parodiolyra lateralis
Panicum latifolium Ham. =Lasiacis sloanei
Panicum laxum Sw. =Steinchisma laxa
Panicum leprieurii Steud. =Panicum stoloniferum
Panicum leptachyrium Döll =Paratheria prostrata
Panicum liebmannianum E. Fourn. =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Panicum loliaceum auct., non Lam. =Oplismenus hirtellus
Panicum loliiforme Hochst. ex Steud. =Mesosetum loliiforme
Panicum longepaniculatum Benoist =Setaria poiretiana
Panicum luticola Hitchc. =Steinchisma laxa
Panicum macrostachyum (Kunth) Döll =Setaria vulpiseta
Panicum magnum Hitchc. =Ichnanthus breviscrobs
Panicum maguirei Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum manacalense Swallen =Panicum scabridum
Panicum manacalensis Swallen =Panicum scabridum
Panicum mauryi Swallen =Panicum micranthum
Panicum megiston Schult. =Panicum mertensii
Panicum micranthum var. hirtum Maury =Panicum micranthum
Panicum milleflorum Hitchc. & Chase =Panicum pilosum
Panicum mirandum Luces =Dichanthelium hebotes
Panicum molle Sw. =Brachiaria mollis
Panicum monostachyum Kunth =Panicum pilosum
Panicum multiflorum sensu Pulle non Poir. =Panicum grande
Panicum musei Steud. =Echinochloa colona
Panicum muticum Forssk. =Brachiaria mutica
Panicum myosurus Rich. =Sacciolepis myuros
Panicum myrianthum Mez =Panicum grande
Panicum myuros Lam. =Sacciolepis myuros
Panicum nemorale Schrad. ex Schult. =Ichnanthus nemoralis
Panicum nemorosum Sw. =Ichnanthus nemorosus
Panicum numidianum sensu Pulle non Lam. =Brachiaria mutica
Panicum obovatum Döll =Panicum polycomum
Panicum pallens Sw. =Ichnanthus pallens
Panicum pedunculare Willd. ex Steud. =Panicum cayennense
Panicum perpusillum Benoist =Panicum polycomum
Panicum petrosum Trin. =Thrasya petrosa
Panicum pilcomayense Hack. =Panicum bergii
Panicum pilisparsum G. Mey. =Panicum pilosum
Panicum pilosissimum Roth =Panicum rudgei
Panicum pilosum var. lancifolium (Griseb.) R. Pohl =Panicum pilosum
Panicum plantagineum Link =Brachiaria plantaginea
Panicum platycaulon (Poir.) Kuntze =Axonopus compressus
Panicum poiretianum Schult. =Setaria poiretiana
Panicum politii Swallen =Panicum granuliferum
Panicum polygonoides Lam. =Isachne polygonoides
Panicum polystachion L. =Pennisetum polystachion
Panicum praegnans Steud. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum prieurii Mez =Panicum scabridum
Panicum procerrimum Hack. =Lasiacis procerrima
Panicum procurrens Nees ex Trin. =Ichnanthus procurrens
Panicum proximum Steud. =Panicum mertensii
Panicum pseudo-undulatifolium Roem. & Schult. =Panicum stoloniferum
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Panicum purpurascens Raddi =Brachiaria mutica
Panicum pycnoclados Tutin =Dichanthelium pycnoclados
Panicum quetameense Mez =Panicum pyrularium
Panicum racemiferum Steud. ? =Setaria poiretiana
Panicum ramuliflorum Hochst. ex Steud. =Steinchisma laxa
Panicum rariflorum Lam. =Orthoclada laxa
Panicum recalvum sensu Pulle non (Nees) Kunth =Digitaria laxa
Panicum reptans L. =Urochloa reptans
Panicum retroflexum Steud. ? =Setaria sp.
Panicum rigens Sw. =Isachne rigens
Panicum rottboellioides Kunth =Mesosetum rottboellioides
Panicum rugulosum var. subvelutinum Döll =Panicum millegrana
Panicum ruscifolium Kunth =Lasiacis ruscifolia
Panicum sanguinale sensu Pulle non L. =Digitaria ciliaris
Panicum savannarum Soderstr. =Panicum cyanescens
Panicum savannarum Schltdl. ex G.A. Black =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Panicum sciurotis auct., non Trin. =Dichanthelium sciurotoides
Panicum sciurotoides Zuloaga & Morrone =Dichanthelium sciurotoides
Panicum scoparium Rudge =Panicum rudgei
Panicum sellowii var. subvelutinum (Döll) Henrard =Panicum millegrana
Panicum setarioides Steud. =Echinochloa pyramidalis
Panicum siccaneum Trin. =Panicum polycomum
Panicum sloanei Griseb. =Lasiacis sloanei
Panicum sorghoideum Desv. ex Ham. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum spectabile Nees ex Trin. =Echinochloa polystachya
Panicum spissifolium Swallen =Panicum granuliferum
Panicum stenodoides F.T. Hubb. =Panicum caricoides
Panicum stenophyllum Hack. =Steinchisma stenophylla
Panicum subcordatum Swallen =Panicum granuliferum
Panicum subfalcatum Döll =Paspalum subfalcatum
Panicum subinclusum Swallen =Panicum granuliferum
Panicum sulcatum Aubl. =Setaria palmifolia
Panicum supernum Swallen =Panicum micranthum
Panicum surinamense Hochst. ex Steud. =Axonopus surinamensis
Panicum swartzianum Hitchc. =Lasiacis sorghoidea
Panicum tamayonis Luces =Panicum polycomum
Panicum tatei Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum telmatum Swallen =Dichanthelium telmatum
Panicum tenax Rich. =Setaria tenax
Panicum tenuiculmum G. Mey. =Steinchisma laxa
Panicum tenuissimum Mart. ex Schrank =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Panicum tiricaense Swallen =Dichanthelium pycnoclados
Panicum tiricaoides Swallen =Dichanthelium pycnoclados
Panicum tropidoblephare Tutin =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum vannum Swallen =Panicum chnoodes
Panicum velutinum G. Mey. =Oplismenus hirtellus
Panicum versicolor Döll =Otachyrium versicolor
Panicum vigoratum Swallen =Panicum altum
Panicum vilvoides Trin. =Sacciolepis vilvoides
Panicum vinaceum Swallen =Panicum cervicatum
Panicum vulpisetum Lam. =Setaria vulpiseta
Panicum wurdackii Swallen =Panicum eligulatum
Panicum zizanioides Kunth =Acroceras zizanioides
Pariana angustifolia Spreng. =Steyermarkochloa angustifolia
Pariana debilis Tutin =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana gleasonii Hitchc. =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana inaequalis Miq. =Pariana campestris
Pariana longiflora Tutin =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana lunata Nees =Pariana campestris
Pariana maynensis Huber =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana mollis Nees =Pariana campestris
Pariana obtusa Swallen =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana pallida Swallen =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana pulcherrima Tutin =Pariana radiciflora
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pariana trichosticha Tutin =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana violascens Swallen =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana vulgaris Tutin =Pariana radiciflora
Pariana zingiberina Rich. ex Döll =Pariana radiciflora
Paspalum abrahamii Chase =Paspalum maritimum
Paspalum abstrusum Trin. =Paspalum hyalinum
Paspalum anceps Mez =Axonopus anceps
Paspalum appendiculatum J. Presl =Axonopus excavatus
Paspalum arenicolum Müll. Hal. =Paspalum pulchellum
Paspalum argyrocondylon Steud. =Paspalum serpentinum
Paspalum aureolatum Swallen =Paspalum lanciflorum
Paspalum aureum (P. Beauv.) Kunth =Axonopus aureus
Paspalum axillare Swallen =Thrasya axillaris
Paspalum bistipulatum Hochst. ex Steud. =Paspalum repens
Paspalum caespitosum sensu Pulle non Flüggé =Paspalum maritimum
Paspalum caespitosum Steud. =Paspalum melanospermum
Paspalum canum Sohns =Paspalum ammodes
Paspalum capillare Lam. =Axonopus capillaris
Paspalum carinato-vaginatum Mez =Axonopus aureus
Paspalum carinatum var. kappleri (Steud.) Döll =Paspalum carinatum
Paspalum caulescens Mez =Axonopus caulescens
Paspalum chrysites (Steud.) Döll =Axonopus aureus
Paspalum chrysoblephare (Lag.) Döll =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Paspalum chrysodactylon (Trin.) Döll =Axonopus canescens
Paspalum chrysodactylon var. glabratum Döll =Axonopus canescens
Paspalum chrysodactylon var. psilachne Döll =Axonopus canescens
Paspalum chrysodactylon var. villosum Döll =Axonopus canescens
Paspalum ciliatum Lam. =Paspalum conjugatum
Paspalum compressum (Sw.) Raspail =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum compressum var. arenarium Bertoni =Axonopus fissifolius
Paspalum conjugatum var. pubescens Döll =Paspalum conjugatum
Paspalum conjugatum var. subcordatum Griseb. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum contractum Pilg. =Paspalum lanciflorum
Paspalum densiflorum sensu Pulle non Döll =Paspalum maritimum
Paspalum densum var. ciliatum Döll =Paspalum densum
Paspalum depressum Steud. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum dispar var. marahuacense H. Rodr. =Paspalum petilum
Paspalum echinotrichum Mez =Paspalum lanciflorum
Paspalum elatum Rich. ex Döll =Paspalum arundinaceum
Paspalum eminens Nees =Axonopus eminens
Paspalum erectifolium Swallen =Paspalum aspidiotes
Paspalum excavatum Nees ex Trin. =Axonopus excavatus
Paspalum extenuatum Nees =Axonopus capillaris
Paspalum familiare Steud. =Paspalum coryphaeum
Paspalum filostachyum A. Rich. ex Steud. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum fissifolium Raddi =Axonopus fissifolius
Paspalum flexile Mez =Axonopus purpusii
Paspalum fockei Mez =Axonopus surinamensis
Paspalum foveolatum Steud. =Paspalum melanospermum
Paspalum froesianum Swallen =Paspalum loefgrenii
Paspalum furcatum sensu Pulle non Flüggé =Axonopus surinamensis
Paspalum furcatum var. fissum Döll =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum furcatum var. parviflorum Döll =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum fuscescens J. Presl =Digitaria fuscescens
Paspalum geniculatum Steud. =Paspalum orbiculatum
Paspalum gnaphalioideum Müll. Hal. =Axonopus chrysostachyus
Paspalum gossypinum Mez =Paspalum hyalinum
Paspalum gracile Rudge =Paspalum repens
Paspalum guadaloupense Steud. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum hirtigluma Steud. =Paspalum maritimum
Paspalum humile Steud. =Paspalum melanospermum
Paspalum immersum Nees =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Paspalum immersum var. pilosum Döll =Axonopus chrysoblepharis
Paspalum indutum Luces =Paspalum coryphaeum
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Paspalum iridifolium Poepp. =Axonopus iridifolius
Paspalum kappleri Hochst. ex Steud. =Paspalum carinatum
Paspalum kegelii Müll. Hal. =Spheneria kegelii
Paspalum lacustre sensu Judz., non Swallen =Paspalum morichalense
Paspalum lanatum Kunth =Leptocoryphium lanatum
Paspalum laticulmum Spreng. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum leptostachyum Flüggé =Axonopus leptostachyus
Paspalum longebrachiatum Steud. =Paspalum arundinaceum
Paspalum longispica Döll =Axonopus longispicus
Paspalum longispicum Döll =Axonopus longispicus
Paspalum longissimum Hochst. ex Steud. =Paspalum conjugatum
Paspalum lucidulum Swallen =Paspalum altsonii
Paspalum macropodium Steud. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum maculosum var. rotundiflorum Döll =Paspalum serpentinum
Paspalum meyerianum Spreng. =Paspalum exaltatum
Paspalum minutum Trin. =Axonopus capillaris
Paspalum montanum Henrard =Paspalum oligostachyum
Paspalum orbiculatum var. lanuginosum Henrard =Paspalum orbiculatum
Paspalum orbiculatum var. potaroense Chase =Paspalum orbiculatum
Paspalum pectinatum sensu Hitchc. non Nees ex Trin. =Paspalum lanciflorum
Paspalum pedunculatum Poir. =Paspalum decumbens
Paspalum piligerum Swallen =Paspalum lanciflorum
Paspalum platycaulon Poir. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum platycaulon var. gracilius Döll =Axonopus purpusii
Paspalum platycaulon var. parviflorum Döll =Axonopus purpusii
Paspalum plicatulum var. microspermum Döll =Paspalum melanospermum
Paspalum polychaetum Mez =Paspalum hyalinum
Paspalum pulchrum Nees =Axonopus canescens
Paspalum pulchrum var. angustifolium Döll =Axonopus aureus
Paspalum purpusii Mez =Axonopus purpusii
Paspalum pusillum Vent. ex Flüggé =Paspalum orbiculatum
Paspalum raunkiaerii Mez =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum scandens Tutin =Thrasya scandens
Paspalum scoparium var. parviflorum Döll =Axonopus anceps
Paspalum senescens Döll =Axonopus senescens
Paspalum setifolium Döll =Spheneria kegelii
Paspalum setiglume Chase =Paspalum aspidiotes
Paspalum triglochinoides Mez =Axonopus triglochinoides
Paspalum tristachyon Lam. =Axonopus compressus
Paspalum vaginiflorum Steud. =Paspalum decumbens
Paspalum wagenerianum Schltdl. =Paspalum stellatum
Paspalum wullschlaegelii Mez =Paspalum maritimum
Pennisetum dasistachyum Desv. =Pennisetum polystachion
Pennisetum richardii Kunth =Pennisetum polystachion
Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich. =Pennisetum polystachion
Pharus glaber Kunth =Pharus lappulaceus
Pharus glaber sensu Lemée non Kunth =Pharus latifolius
Pharus scaber var. pictus Döll =Pharus latifolius
Phragmites communis Trin. =Phragmites australis
Piptatherum confine Schult. =Arundinella hispida
Poa acutiflora Kunth =Eragrostis acutiflora
Poa amabilis L. =Eragrostis amabilis
Poa atrovirens Desf. =Eragrostis atrovirens
Poa aturensis Kunth =Eragrostis japonica
Poa chariis Schult. =Eragrostis atrovirens
Poa ciliaris L. =Eragrostis ciliaris
Poa conferta Elliott =Eragrostis japonica
Poa elegantula Kunth =Eragrostis gangetica
Poa gangetica Roxb. =Eragrostis gangetica
Poa glomerata Walter =Eragrostis japonica
Poa hypnoides Lam. =Eragrostis hypnoides
Poa japonica Thunb. =Eragrostis japonica
Poa linkii Kunth =Eragrostis pilosa
Poa maypurensis Kunth =Eragrostis maypurensis
169
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Poa meratiana Kunth =Eragrostis maypurensis
Poa pectinacea Michx. =Eragrostis pectinacea
Poa pilosa L. =Eragrostis pilosa
Poa plumosa Retz. =Eragrostis amabilis
Poa polytricha (Nees) Kunth =Eragrostis polytricha
Poa racemosa Vahl =Eragrostis maypurensis
Poa tenella L. =Eragrostis amabilis
Poa unioloides Retz. =Eragrostis unioloides
Poa vahlii Roem. & Schult. =Eragrostis maypurensis
Poa viscosa Retz. =Eragrostis viscosa
Poa viscosa var. pilosissima Hochst. ex A. Rich. =Eragrostis viscosa
Polypogon spicatus Spreng. =Gymnopogon spicatus
Raddia capillata (Trin.) Hitchc. =Cryptochloa capillata
Raddia malmeana sensu Hitchc. non (Ekman) Hitchc. =Raddiella kaieteurana
Raddia nana (Döll) Chase =Raddiella esenbeckii
Raddia sympodica (Döll) Hitchc. =Piresia sympodica
Raddiella maipuriensis Soderstr. =Raddiella potaroensis
Raddiella malmeana sensu Hitchc. non (Ekman) Swallen =Raddiella kaieteurana
Raddiella nana (Döll) Swallen =Raddiella esenbeckii
Raddiella truncata Swallen =Parodiolyra lateralis
Reimaria aberrans Döll =Reimarochloa aberrans
Reimaria acuta Flüggé =Reimarochloa acuta
Reimaria laxa Rchb. ex A. Spreng. =Digitaria laxa
Reimarochloa brasiliensis (Spreng.) Hitchc. =Reimarochloa acuta
Rhynchelytrum roseum (Nees) Stapf & C.E. Hubb. =Rhynchelytrum repens
Roshevitzia glomerata (Walter) Tzvelev =Eragrostis japonica
Roshevitzia japonica (Thunb.) Tzvelev =Eragrostis japonica
Rottboellia aurita Steud. =Coelorachis aurita
Rottboellia compressa L. f. =Hemarthria altissima
Rottboellia exaltata L. f. =Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Rottboellia loricata Trin. =Rhytachne rottboellioides
Rottboellia loricata subsp. glaberrima Hack. =Rhytachne subgibbosa
Rottboellia loricata subsp. subgibbosa Winkl. ex Hack. =Rhytachne subgibbosa
Rottboellia sanguinea Retz. =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Saccharum caudatum G. Mey. =Imperata contracta
Saccharum cayennense (P. Beauv.) Benth. =Eriochrysis cayennensis
Saccharum contractum Kunth =Imperata contracta
Saccharum giganteum Trin. =Saccharum trinii
Saccharum repens Willd. =Rhynchelytrum repens
Saccharum sagittatum Aubl. =Gynerium sagittatum
Sacciolepis pungens Swallen =Sacciolepis angustissima
Schizachyrium hirtiflorum Nees =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Schizachyrium microstachyum (Desv. ex Ham.) Roseng., B.R. Arrill. & Izag. =Schizachyrium condensatum
Schizachyrium riedelii (Trin.) A. Camus =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Schizachyrium riedelii var. multirameum (Hack.) Henrard =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Schizachyrium semiberbe Nees =Schizachyrium sanguineum
Setaria geniculata (Willd.) P. Beauv. [nom. illeg.] =Setaria parviflora
Setaria gracilis Kunth =Setaria parviflora
Setaria poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth = Setaria sulcata Raddi
Setaria sulcata (Aubl.) A. Camus =Setaria palmifolia
Sorghastrum parviflorum (Desv.) Hitchc. & Chase =Sorghastrum setosum
Sorghum parviflorum Desv. =Sorghastrum setosum
Sorghum vulgare Pers. =Sorghum bicolor
Spartina brasiliensis Raddi =Spartina alterniflora
Spheneria setifolia (Döll) Kuhlm. =Spheneria kegelii
Sporobolus aeneus sensu Hitchc. non (Trin.) Kunth =Sporobolus cubensis
Sporobolus effusus Desv. =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Sporobolus indicus auct., non (L.) R. Br. =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis (P. Beauv.) Veldkamp =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Sporobolus littoralis (Lam.) Kunth =Sporobolus virginicus
Sporobolus minutiflorus (Trin.) Link =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Sporobolus muralis (Raddi) Hitchc. & Chase =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Sporobolus poiretii auct., non (Roem. & Schult.) Hitchc. =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Sporobolus pyramidalis P. Beauv. =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Sporobolus pyramidalis var. jacquemontii (Kunth) Jovet & GuédPs =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Sporobolus villosus (A. Spreng.) Kunth =Sporobolus ciliatus
Steirachne diandra sensu Swallen non Ekman =Steirachne barbata
Stenotaphrum glabrum var. americanum (Schrank) Döll =Stenotaphrum secundatum
Steyermarkochloa unifolia Davidse & R.P. Ellis =Steyermarkochloa angustifolia
Stipa spicata L. f. =Trachypogon spicatus
Strephium guianense Brongn. =Raddia guianensis
Streptachne scabra Kunth =Aristida ternipes
Streptachne tenuis Kunth =Aristida ternipes
Streptogyna crinita auct., non P. Beauv. =Streptogyna americana
Streptostachys hirsuta P. Beauv. =Streptostachys asperifolia
Streptostachys vaginaeflorum Steud. =Streptostachys asperifolia
Syntherisma chinensis (Nees) Hitchc. =Digitaria violascens
Syntherisma cuyabensis (Trin.) Hitchc. =Digitaria lanuginosa
Syntherisma digitata sensu Hitchc. non (Sw.) Hitchc. =Digitaria horizontalis
Syntherisma longiflora (Retz.) Skeels =Digitaria longiflora
Syntherisma malacophylla Hitchc. =Digitaria lanuginosa
Syntherisma sanguinalis sensu Hitchc. non (L.) Dulac =Digitaria ciliaris
Thrasya campylostachya sensu Amshoff & Henrard non (Hack.) Chase =Thrasya granitica
Thrasya cinerascens (Döll) Judz. =Paspalum cinerascens
Thrasya guianensis Swallen =Thrasya scandens
Thrasya reticulata Swallen =Paspalum multinervium
Thrasya setosa Swallen =Thrasya paspaloides
Trachypogon angustifolius E. Fourn. ex Hemsl. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon angustifolius Nees ex Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon canescens Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon capensis Trin. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon capensis subvar mollis (Nees) Roberty =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon dactyloides (Steud.) E. Fourn. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon densus Swallen =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon dissoluta Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon durus Stapf =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon filifolius (Hack.) Hitchc. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon glaucescens Pilg. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon gouinii E. Fourn. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon gracilis Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon gracilis var. ciliatus Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon gracilis var. hirtus Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon involutus Pilg. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon karwinskyi (Hack.) Nash =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon ligularis Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon macroglossus Trin. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon mayaensis Wipff & S.D. Jones =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon micans Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon mollis Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii (Kunth) Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii var. bolivianus (Pilg.) Pilg. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii var. grandiflorus Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii var. mollis (Nees) Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii var. pauciflorus Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon montufarii var. pilosus E. Fourn. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon muelleri E. Fourn. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon palmeri Nash =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon parviflorus Swallen =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon plumosus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nees =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon plumosus var. montufarii (Kunth) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon plumosus var. secundus (J. Presl) Beetle =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon plumosus subvar secundus (J. Presl) Hack. ex Henrard =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. bolivianus Pilg. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. canescens (Nees) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus subvar capensis (Trin.) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus subvar dactyloides (Steud.) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. dissolutus (Nees) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. filifolius Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. gouinii (E. Fourn.) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
171
172
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Trachypogon polymorphus subvar gracilis (Andersson) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. karwinskyi Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. ligularis (Nees) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. macroglossus (Trin.) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus subvar mollis (Nees) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. montufarii (Kunth) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. plumosus (Willd.) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus subvar secundus (J. Presl) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. thollonii Franch. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. truncatus (Nees) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon polymorphus var. vestitus (Andersson) Hack. =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon preslii Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon preslii f. secundus (J. Presl) Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon ramosus Swallen =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon renvoizei Cat. Guerra =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon rigidifolius Swallen =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon rufus Nees =Hyparrhenia rufa
Trachypogon thollonii (Franch.) Stapf =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon truncatus (Nees) Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trachypogon vestitus Andersson =Trachypogon spicatus
Trichachne insularis (L.) Nees =Digitaria insularis
Trichachne sacchariflora (Raddi) Nees =Digitaria insularis
Trichachne tenuis Nees =Digitaria tenuis
Tricholaena rosea Nees =Rhynchelytrum repens
Tricuspis latifolia Griseb. =Gouinia latifolia
Triodia flaccida (Döll) Hitchc. =Tridens flaccidus
Tripsacum hermaphroditum L. =Anthephora hermaphrodita
Tripsacum latifolium sensu Hitchc. (1922) non Hitchc. (1906) =Tripsacum australe
Tripsacum laxum sensu Ostendorf non Nash =Tripsacum andersonii
Uralepis flaccida Döll =Tridens flaccidus
Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schwinze) Morrone & Zuloaga =Brachiaria arrecta
Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster =Brachiaria decumbens
Urochloa fasciculata (Sw.) R.D. Webster =Brachiaria fasciculata
Urochloa fusca (Sw.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin =Brachiaria fasciculata
Urochloa humidicola (Rendle) Morrone & Zuloaga =Brachiaria humidicola
Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R.D. Webster =Panicum maximum
Urochloa mollis (Sw.) Morrone & Zuloaga =Brachiaria mollis
Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) T.Q. Nguyen =Brachiaria mutica
Urochloa plantaginea (Link) R.D. Webster =Brachiaria plantaginea
Valota insularis (L.) Chase =Digitaria insularis
Valota laxa (A. Spreng.) Hitchc. & Chase =Digitaria laxa
Vilfa jacquemontii (Kunth) Trin. =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Vilfa minutiflora Trin. =Sporobolus tenuissimus
Vilfa pyramidalis (P. Beauv.) Trin. ex Steud. =Sporobolus jacquemontii
Vilfa villifera Steud. =Sporobolus ciliatus
REFERENCES
(for a more extensive bibliography, see Judziewicz 1990)
Amshoff, G.J.H. & J.T. Henrard. 1943. Gramineae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 273-442.
Cremers, G. & M. Hoff. 1993. Inventaire taxonomique des plantes de la Guyane française III - les Cyperaceae et les Poaceae.
Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Coll. Patr. Nat. (Sér. Patr. Génétique) 11: 1-213.
Davidse, G., F.O. Zuloaga, & T.S. Filrueiras. 1995. Paspalum morichalense (Poaceae: Paniceae), a new aquatic species from
South America. Novon 5(3): 234-237.
Davidse, G. E.J. Judziewicz, & F.O. Zuloaga. 2004. Poaceae. In In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst,
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 8: 1-297.
Hitchcock, A.S. 1922. Grasses of British Guiana. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 443-514.
Judziewicz, E. 1990. Poaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 8: 1-725.
Judziewicz, E. 1997. Poaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 342-360.
Lindeman, J.C. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Gramineae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of
Suriname 1(2): 343-375.
Swallen, J. 1948. Gramineae. In B. Maguire et al., Plant explorations in Guiana in 1944, chiefly to the Tafelberg and the Kaieteur
Plateau - I. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 81-91.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
173
PONTEDERIACEAE
C.N. Horn
Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth
Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
Eichhornia diversifolia (Vahl) Urb.
Eichhornia heterosperma Alexander
Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms [probably naturalized]
Heteranthera multiflora (Griseb.) C.N. Horn
Pontederia rotundifolia L.
Pontederia subovata (Seub.) Lowden
Pontederia triflora (Endl. ex Seub.) G. Agostini, D. Velásquez & Velásquez
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Eichhornia polysperma [dubious name of uncertain origin]
Eichhornia venezuelensis Velasquez =Eichhornia heterosperma
Heteranthera diversifolia Vahl =Eichhornia diversifolia
Heteranthera formosa Miq. =Eichhornia crassipes
Heteranthera grandiflora Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Eichhornia diversifolia
Heteranthera reniformis var. multiflora Griseb. =Heteranthera multiflora
Heteranthera zosterifolia Mart. [not in flora area, misident. for Eichhornia diversifolia]
Pontederia azurea Sw. =Eichhornia azurea
Pontederia cordata L. [not in flora area]
Pontederia cordifolia Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f. =Pontederia rotundifolia
Pontederia crassipes Mart. =Eichhornia crassipes
Pontederia eriantha Miq. =Pontederia rotundifolia
Pontederia schomburgkiana Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Pontederia subovata
Reussia triflora Endl. ex Seub. =Pontederia triflora
REFERENCES
Castellanos, A. 1958. Las Pontederiaceae de Brasil. Arq. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 16: 149-216.
Horn, C.N. 1994. Pontederiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 15: 91-102.
Horn, C.N. 2004. Pontederiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
8: 371-376.
Jonker-Verhoef, A.M.E. 1953. Pontederiaceae. In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 81-90.
Lowden, R.M. 1973. A revision of the genus Pontederia. Rhodora 75: 426-487.
RAPATEACEAE
P.E. Berry
Amphiphyllum rigidum Gleason
Cephalostemon affinis Körn.
Cephalostemon gracilis (Poepp. & Endl.) R.H. Schomb.
Cephalostemon microglochin Sandwith
Duckea cyperaceoidea (Ducke) Maguire
Duckea flava (Link) Maguire
Duckea junciformis Maguire
Duckea squarrosa (Willd.) Maguire
Epidryos guayanensis Maguire
Epidryos sp. A
Guacamaya superba Maguire
Kunhardtia radiata Maguire & Steyerm.
Kunhardtia rhodantha Maguire
Marahuacaea schomburgkii (Maguire) Maguire
Monotrema aemulans Körn.
Monotrema affine Maguire
Monotrema bracteatum Maguire
Monotrema bracteatum subsp. bracteatum
Monotrema bracteatum subsp. major Maguire
Monotrema xyridoides Gleason
Phelpsiella ptericaulis Maguire
Potarophytum riparium Sandwith
Rapatea angustifolia Spruce ex Körn.
Rapatea aracamuniana Steyerm.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU?
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
174
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rapatea chimantensis Steyerm.
Rapatea circasiana García-Barr. & L.E. Mora
Rapatea fanshawei Maguire
Rapatea fanshawei var. fanshawei
Rapatea fanshawei var. minor Maguire
Rapatea linearis Gleason
Rapatea longipes Spruce ex Körn.
Rapatea membranacea Maguire
Rapatea paludosa Aubl.
Rapatea paludosa var. paludosa
Rapatea paludosa var. sessiliflora Maguire
Rapatea saülensis B.M. Boom
Rapatea scabra Maguire
Rapatea spruceana Körn.
Rapatea steyermarkii Maguire
Rapatea ulei Pilg.
Rapatea xiphoides Sandwith
Rapatea yapacana Maguire
Saxofridericia aculeata Körn.
Saxofridericia compressa Maguire
Saxofridericia duidae Maguire
Saxofridericia grandis Maguire
Saxofridericia inermis Ducke
Saxofridericia petiolata Maguire
Saxofridericia regalis R.H. Schomb.
Saxofridericia sp. A
Saxofridericia spongiosa Maguire
Schoenocephalium cucullatum Maguire
Schoenocephalium teretifolium Maguire
Spathanthus bicolor Ducke
Spathanthus unilateralis (Rudge) Desv.
Spathanthus unilateralis var. abruptus Maguire
Spathanthus unilateralis var. jenmanii (N.E. Br.) Maguire
Spathanthus unilateralis var. unilateralis
Stegolepis albiflora Steyerm.
Stegolepis angustata Gleason
Stegolepis breweri Maguire
Stegolepis cardonae Maguire
Stegolepis celiae Maguire
Stegolepis choripetala Maguire
Stegolepis ferruginea Baker f.
Stegolepis gleasoniana Steyerm.
Stegolepis grandis Maguire
Stegolepis guianensis Klotzsch ex Körn.
Stegolepis hitchcockii Maguire
Stegolepis hitchcockii subsp. hitchcockii
Stegolepis hitchcockii subsp. morichensis Maguire
Stegolepis huberi Steyerm.
Stegolepis humilis Steyerm.
Stegolepis jauaensis Maguire
Stegolepis ligulata Maguire
Stegolepis linearis Gleason
Stegolepis maguireana Steyerm.
Stegolepis membranacea Maguire
Stegolepis microcephala Maguire
Stegolepis minor Steyerm.
Stegolepis neblinensis Maguire [Sierra de la Neblina]
Stegolepis parvipetala Steyerm.
Stegolepis pauciflora Gleason
Stegolepis perligulata Maguire
Stegolepis ptaritepuiensis Steyerm.
Stegolepis pulchella Maguire
Stegolepis pungens Gleason
Stegolepis sp. nov. [Mt. Ayanganna]
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
FG
AM
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Stegolepis squarrosa Maguire
Stegolepis steyermarkii Maguire
Stegolepis terramarensis Steyerm.
Stegolepis vivipara Maguire
Stegolepis wurdackii Maguire
Stegolepis wurdackii subsp. chimantensis Maguire
Stegolepis wurdackii subsp. wurdackii [Sierra de la Neblina]
Windsorina guianensis Gleason
BO
BO
175
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Amphiphyllum schomburgkii Maguire =Marahuacaea schomburgkii
Cephalostemon cyperaceoides Ducke =Duckea cyperaceoidea
Cephalostemon flavus (Link) Steyerm. =Duckea flava
Cephalostemon junciformis (Maguire) Steyerm. =Duckea junciformis
Cephalostemon squarrosus (Willd.) Körn. =Duckea squarrosa
Mnasium paludosum (Aubl.) Willd. =Rapatea paludosa
Mnasium unilaterale Rudge =Spathanthus unilateralis
Mnasium unilateralis Rudge =Spathanthus unilateralis
Rapatea longipes var. modesta (Maguire) Maguire =Rapatea longipes
Rapatea modesta Maguire =Rapatea longipes
Rapatea schultesiana García-Barr. & L.E. Mora =Rapatea paludosa
Rapatea unilateralis (Rudge) Schult. & Schult. f. =Spathanthus unilateralis
Rapatea viscosa Gleason =Saxofridericia regalis
Saxofridericia australis Gleason =Saxofridericia aculeata
Saxofridericia duidae subsp. marahuacensis Maguire =Saxofridericia duidae
Saxofridericia pandanoides Linden & André =Saxofridericia aculeata
Saxofridericia subcordata Körn. =Saxofridericia aculeata
Schoenocephalium coriaceum Maguire =Schoenocephalium cucullatum
Schoenocephalium sipapoanum Maguire =Kunhardtia rhodantha
Spathanthus jenmanii N.E. Br. =Spathanthus unilateralis var. jenmanii
Stegolepis aemulans (Körn.) Benth. & Hook. =Monotrema aemulans
Stegolepis grandis subsp. jauensis Maguire =Stegolepis grandis
Stegolepis grandis subsp. phelpsiae Maguire =Stegolepis grandis
Stegolepis parvipetala subsp. chimantensis Maguire =Stegolepis parvipetala
REFERENCES
Berry, P.E. 2004. Rapateaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
8: 413-472.
Boom, B.M. 1994. A new species of Rapatea section Paludosa from French Guiana. Brittonia 46(4): 314-316.
Boom, B.M. 1997. Rapateaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 360-362.
Lindeman, J.C. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Rapateaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of
Suriname 1(2): 326-328.
Maguire, B. 1958. Rapateaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 3. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 10(1): 1-156.
Maguire, B. 1965. Rapateaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 6. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 12(3): 1-285.
Maguire, B. 1982. Rapateaceae. In Z. Luces de Febres, Flora de Venezuela 6(2): 85-203.
Uittien, H. 1938. Rapateaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 191-196.
RUPPIACEAE
R. Haynes, L.B. Holm-Nielsen
Ruppia maritima L.
GU
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Haynes, R.R., L.B. Holm-Nielsen & D.H. Les. 1998. Ruppiaceae. Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 4: 445—448.
SMILACACEAE
P.E. Berry, R.A. DePhilipps†, J.F. Gaskin
Smilax cinnamommea Desf. ex DC.
Smilax cordato-ovata Rich.
FG
FG
176
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Smilax cumanensis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Smilax cuspidata Poir.
Smilax immersa A.C. Sm.
Smilax krukovii A.C. Sm.
Smilax kunthii Killip & C.V. Morton
Smilax lappacea Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Smilax latipes Gleason
Smilax longifolia Rich.
Smilax maypurensis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Smilax megalophylla Duhamel
Smilax pittieriana Steyerm.
Smilax poeppigii Kunth
Smilax pseudosyphilitica Kunth
Smilax quinquenervia Vell.
Smilax riedeliana A. DC.
Smilax santaremensis DC.
Smilax saülensis J.D. Mitch.
Smilax schomburgkiana Kunth
Smilax staminea Griseb.
Smilax syphilitica Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Smilax talbotiana A. DC.
Smilax triplinervia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG?
FG
GU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
GU
GU?
GU?
SU
FG?
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Smilax auraimensis Steyerm. =Smilax pittieriana
Smilax chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Smilax pittieriana
Smilax duidae Steyerm. =Smilax syphilitica
Smilax flavescens Ham. =Smilax longifolia
Smilax floribunda Ham. ? =Smilax cuspidata
Smilax globifera G. Mey. =Smilax cumanensis
Smilax hostmanniana Kunth =Smilax cumanensis
Smilax jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Smilax staminea
Smilax lasseriana Steyerm. =Smilax staminea
Smilax papyracea Duhamel =Smilax longifolia
Smilax pirarensis Kunth & M.R. Schomb. =Smilax cumanensis
Smilax procera Griseb. =Smilax quinquenervia
Smilax staminea Griseb. f. obtusata Steyerm. =Smilax staminea
Smilax surinamensis Miq. =Smilax cumanensis
REFERENCES
Andreata, R.H.P. 1980. Smilax Linnaeus (Smilacaceae): Ensaio para uma revisão das especies brasileiras. Arq. Jard. Bot. Rio de
Janeiro 24: 179-301.Lachman-White, D.A., Adams, C.D. and U.O. Trotz. 1987. A Guide to Medicinal Plants of Coastal
Guyana: CSC Technical Publication Series No. 225. 350 pp. London: Commonwealth Science Council. (Smilax, pp. 256257
Gaskin, J.F. & P.E. Berry. 2005. Smilacaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 184-193.
Lemée, A. 1955. Smilax. Flore de la Guyane Française 1: 321-324. Paris: Paul Lechevalier.
Mitchell, J.D. 1994. Smilax saülensis, a new species from French Guiana. Brittonia 46(3): 225-227.
Mitchell, J.D. 1997. Smilacaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 362-365.
Ostendorf, F.W. 1962. Nuttige Planten en Sierplanten in Suriname. Landbouwproefstation in Suriname Bulletin No. 79. 325 pp.
(Smilax, pp. 216-217).
Roosmalen, M.G.M. van. 1985. Fruits of the Guianan Flora. 483 pp. Utrecht: Institute of Systematic Botany, Utrecht University;
Wageningen: Silvicultural Department, Wageningen Agricultural University. (Smilax, pp. 254-256)
Sipman, H. 1979. Liliaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 442-456.
STRELITZIACEAE
L.L. Andersson, P.J.M. Maas
Phenakospermum guyannense (Rich.) Endl. ex Miq.
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ravenala guyannensis (Rich.) Petersen =Phenakospermum guyannense
Urania guyannensis Rich. =Phenakospermum guyannense
BO
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
177
REFERENCES
Andersson, L.L. 2005. Strelitziaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 281-283.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Musaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 1: 1-28.
Maas, P.J.M. & M.J.M. de Rooij. 1979. Musaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 393-411.
Maas, P. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1997. Strelitziaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 365-367.
TACCACEAE
P.E. Berry, Z.S. Rogers
AM
Tacca parkeri Seem.
GU
SU?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Tacca parkeri var. lanceolata H. Limpr. =Tacca parkeri
Tacca sprucei Benth. =Tacca parkeri
Tacca ulei H. Limpr. =Tacca parkeri
REFERENCES
Berry, P.E. & Z.S. Rogers. 2005. Taccaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 295-296.
Drenth, E. 1972. A revision of the family Taccaceae. Blumea 20: 367-406.
THURNIACEAE
P.E. Berry, R. Riina, M.T. Strong
Thurnia jenmanii Hook. f.
Thurnia polycephala Schnee
Thurnia sphaerocephala (Rudge) Hook. f.
Thurnia sphaerocephala subsp. 1
GU
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Mnasium sphaerocephala Rudge =Thurnia sphaerocephala
REFERENCES
Mori, S.A. 1997. Thurniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997.
Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 367.
Schnee, L. 1943. El genero Thurnia (con descripción de una nueva especie). Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 8(55):_241-243.
Riina, R. & P.E. Berry. 2005. Thurniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 330-332.
Uittien, H. 1938. Thurniaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 188-190.
TRIURIDACEAE
P.J.M. Maas, H. Maas
Peltophyllum luteum Gardner
Sciaphila albescens Benth.
Sciaphila picta Miers
Sciaphila polygyna Maas
Sciaphila purpurea Benth.
Sciaphila rubra Maas
Soridium spruceanum Miers
Triuris hexophthalma Maas
Triuris hyalina Miers
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Sciaphila brevipes S.F. Blake =Soridium spruceanum
Sciaphila guianensis Sandwith =Sciaphila albescens
Sciaphila spruceana (Miers) Engl. =Soridium spruceanum
Sciaphila spruceana (Miers) Benth. & Hook. f. =Soridium spruceanum
Soridium guianense (Sandwith) Giesen =Sciaphila albescens
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU?
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
AM
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
178
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
REFERENCES
Jonker, F.P. 1943. Triuridaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 461-466.
Maas, P.J.M. & T. Rübsamen. 1986. Triuridaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 40: 1-55.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1989. Triuridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 5: 1-16.
Maas, P.J.M. & H. Maas. 2005. Triuridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 368-371.
Maas-van de Kamer, H. & P. Maas. 1997. Triuridaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1:367-371.
TYPHACEAE
L.J. Raechal, M.T. Strong
BO
Typha domingensis Pers.
DA
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Typha angustifolia L. [not in flora area]
REFERENCES
Lanjouw, J. 1938. Typhaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 252-254.
Raechal, L.J. 2005. Typhaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
9: 385.
VELLOZIACEAE
P.E. Berry, J.S. Miller
AM
AM
Barbacenia celiae Maguire
Vellozia tubiflora (A. Rich.) Kunth
BO
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Barbacenia alexandrinae R.H. Schomb. ex Hook. =Vellozia tubiflora
Barbacenia uaipanensis Maguire (Bromeliaceae) =Ayensua uaipanensis
Pleurostima celiae (Maguire) Menezes =Barbacenia celiae
Radia tubiflora A. Rich. =Vellozia tubiflora
Vellozia alexandrinae (R.H. Schomb. ex Hook.) Goethart & Henrard =Vellozia tubiflora
Vellozia duidae Steyerm. =Vellozia tubiflora
Vellozia uaipanensis (Maguire) L.B. Sm. (Bromeliaceae) =Ayensua uaipanensis
REFERENCES
Maguire, B. 1969. Velloziaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part VIII. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 18(2): 1-290.
Miller, J.S. & P.E. Berry. 2005. Velloziaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 9: 404-406.
Smith, L.B. & E.S. Ayensu. 1976. A revision of American Velloziaceae. Smiths. Contrib. Bot. 30: 1-172.
XYRIDACEAE
R. Kral, M.T. Strong
Abolboda acaulis Maguire
Abolboda acaulis var. acaulis
Abolboda acaulis var. scaposa Kral
Abolboda acicularis Idrobo & L.B. Sm.
Abolboda acicularis var. acicularis
Abolboda acicularis var. granularis Maguire
Abolboda americana (Aubl.) Lanj.
Abolboda bella Maguire
Abolboda ciliata Maguire & Wurdack
Abolboda dunstervillei Maguire ex Kral
Abolboda ebracteata Maguire & Wurdack
Abolboda ebracteata var. brevifolia Maguire
Abolboda ebracteata var. ebracteata
Abolboda x glomerata Maguire [sterile hybrid]
Abolboda grandis Griseb.
Abolboda grandis var. grandis
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Abolboda grandis var. rigida Malme
Abolboda killipii Lasser
Abolboda linearifolia Maguire
Abolboda macrostachya Spruce ex Malme
Abolboda macrostachya var. macrostachya
Abolboda macrostachya var. robustior Steyerm.
Abolboda neblinae Maguire
Abolboda paniculata Maguire
Abolboda poarchon Seub.
Abolboda pulchella Bonpl.
Abolboda scabrida Kral
Abolboda sprucei Malme
Abolboda uniflora Maguire
Achlyphila disticha Maguire & Wurdack
Aratitiyopea lopezii (L.B. Sm.) Steyerm. & P.E. Berry
Aratitiyopea lopezii var. lopezii
Orectanthe ptaritepuiana (Steyerm.) Maguire
Orectanthe sceptrum (Oliv.) Maguire
Orectanthe sceptrum subsp. sceptrum
Xyris albescens Steyerm. [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris anceps Lam.
Xyris aquatica Idrobo & L.B. Sm.
Xyris aracamunae Kral
Xyris arachnoidea Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris atriceps Malme
Xyris atriceps subsp. atriceps
Xyris atriceps subsp. chimantensis Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris atriceps subsp. marahuacae Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris atriceps subsp. neblinensis Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris bicephala Gleason
Xyris bicostata Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris bicostata var. bicostata
Xyris bicostata var. tillettii (L.B. Sm.) Kral
Xyris byssacea Kral
Xyris carinata Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris chimantae Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris concinna N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris connosepala Lanj. & Lindeman
Xyris consolida Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris contracta Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris cryptantha Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris culmenicola Steyerm.
Xyris cyperoides Gleason
Xyris decussata Gleason [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris delicatula Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris esmeraldae Steyerm.
Xyris fallax Malme
Xyris frequens Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris frondosa Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris fuliginea Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris globosa L.A. Nilsson
Xyris gongylospica Kral
Xyris graniticola Kral
Xyris guianensis Steud.
Xyris huberi Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris hymenachne Mart. [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris involucrata Nees
Xyris juncifolia Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris jupicai Rich.
Xyris kukenaniana Kral [expected in GU]
Xyris lacerata Pohl ex Seub. [expected in GU]
Xyris lanulobractea Steyerm.
Xyris laxifolia Mart.
Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
179
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
BO
BO
GU
SU?
SU
FG
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU?
FG
BO
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
BO
GU
SU
BO
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
180
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Xyris liesneri Kral
Xyris lithophila Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris lomatophylla Mart.
Xyris lugubris Malme
Xyris malmeana L.B. Sm.
Xyris melanovaginata Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris mima L.B. Sm. & Downs
Xyris neblinae Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris oblata Kral & L.B. Sm.
Xyris oxylepis Idrobo & L.B. Sm.
Xyris paraensis Poepp. ex Kunth
Xyris paraensis var. longiceps (Malme) L.B. Sm. & Downs
Xyris paraensis var. paraensis
Xyris pratensis Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris prolificans Kral
Xyris ptariana Steyerm.
Xyris riparia Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris roraimae Malme [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris rubrolimbata Heimerl
Xyris savanensis Miq.
Xyris schneeana L.B. Sm. & Steyerm.
Xyris setigera Oliv. ex Thurn
Xyris seubertii L.A. Nilsson [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris spathacea Lanj.
Xyris spruceana Malme
Xyris stenophylloides Malme
Xyris stenostachya Steyerm.
Xyris subglabrata Malme
Xyris subuniflora Malme
Xyris sulcatifolia Kral
Xyris surinamensis Spreng.
Xyris tatei Malme
Xyris teinosperma Idrobo & L.B. Sm.
Xyris tenella Kunth
Xyris tenella var. leprieurii Malme
Xyris tenella var. tenella
Xyris thysanolepis Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris thysanolepis var. sipapoa (Maguire & L.B. Sm.) Kral & L.B. Sm.
[expected in GU]
Xyris thysanolepis var. thysanolepis [expected in GU]
Xyris toronoana Kral
Xyris uleana Malme
Xyris uleana var. angustifolia Lanj.
Xyris uleana var. uleana
Xyris valdeapiculata Kral
Xyris witsenioides Oliv. ex Thurn [Mt. Roraima]
Xyris wurdackii Maguire & L.B. Sm.
Xyris wurdackii subsp. wurdackii
Xyris xiphophylla Maguire & L.B. Sm.
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Abolboda americana var. imberbis (Kunth) Maguire =Abolboda americana
Abolboda brasiliensis Kunth =Abolboda pulchella
Abolboda chapadensis var. pauciflora Hoehne =Abolboda pulchella
Abolboda excelsa Malme =Abolboda macrostachya var. robustior
Abolboda gracilis Huber =Abolboda pulchella
Abolboda grandis var. guayanensis Maguire =Abolboda grandis var. rigida
Abolboda grandis var. minor Spruce ex Malme =Abolboda grandis
Abolboda imberbis Kunth =Abolboda americana
Abolboda macrostachya var. angustior Maguire =Abolboda macrostachya
Abolboda minima Maguire =Abolboda killipii
Abolboda pervaginata Malme =Abolboda grandis var. rigida
Abolboda poeppigii Kunth =Abolboda americana
Abolboda psammophila Maguire =Abolboda killipii
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
181
Abolboda ptaritepuiana Steyerm. =Orectanthe ptaritepuiana
Abolboda rigida Gleason =Abolboda macrostachya var. robustior
Abolboda rigida (Malme) Steyerm. =Abolboda grandis var. rigida
Abolboda sceptrum Oliv. =Orectanthe sceptrum
Abolboda schultesii Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Abolboda sprucei
Orectanthe sceptrum subsp. occidentalis Maguire =Orectanthe sceptrum
Xyris acuminata Miq. ex Steud. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris ambigua Beyr. ex Kunth =Xyris jupicai
Xyris americana Aubl. =Abolboda americana
Xyris anceps Pers., [nom. illeg.] =Xyris jupicai
Xyris applanata Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris spruceana
Xyris arenicola Miq. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris arescens Kunth =Xyris hymenachne
Xyris asterocephala Seub. =Xyris involucrata
Xyris calcarata Heimerl =Xyris seubertii
Xyris capillaris Steyerm. =Xyris subuniflora
Xyris caroliniana var. major (Mart.) Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
Xyris coerulea Lam. =Abolboda americana
Xyris communis Kunth =Xyris jupicai
Xyris connectens Malme =Xyris uleana var. angustifolia
Xyris dolichosperma Lanj. =Xyris fallax
Xyris duidensis Malme =Xyris uleana var. uleana
Xyris epicarae Kral & L.B. Sm. =Xyris cyperoides
Xyris eriophylla Rchb. [nomen nudum] =Xyris surinamensis
Xyris eriophylla Rchb. ex Kunth =Xyris surinamensis
Xyris erythema Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris fallax
Xyris exserta Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris spathacea
Xyris filiscapa Malme =Xyris guianensis
Xyris foveolata Kral & L.B. Sm. =Xyris huberi
Xyris fusiformis Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris oxylepis
Xyris garcia-barrigae Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris subglabrata
Xyris gardneri Malme =Xyris guianensis
Xyris glabrata sensu Griseb. et auct. =Xyris malmeana
Xyris guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Xyris jupicai
Xyris gymnoptera Griseb. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris jauana L.B. Sm. & Steyerm. =Xyris thysanolepis var. thysanolepis
Xyris jupicae Michx. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris jupicae var. brachylepis Malme =Xyris jupicai
Xyris jupicae var. major (Mart.) L.B. Sm. & Downs =Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
Xyris laxifolia var. major Mart. =Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
Xyris laxifolia var. minor Mart. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris leptostachya Malme =Xyris paraensis var. longiceps
Xyris longiceps Malme =Xyris paraensis var. longiceps
Xyris macrocephala auct. non Vahl =Xyris laxifolia
Xyris ? macrocephala Vahl [nom. confus.] =Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
Xyris macrocephala var. major (Mart.) L.A. Nilsson =Xyris laxifolia var. laxifolia
Xyris macrocephala f. minor (Mart.) M. Kuhlm. & E. Kuhn =Xyris jupicai
Xyris rugulosa Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris esmeraldae
Xyris scabridula Steyerm., [nom. illeg.] =Xyris sulcatifolia
Xyris setigera var. elongata Steyerm. =Xyris setigera
Xyris sipapoa Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris thysanolepis var. sipapoa
Xyris steyermarkii Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris tenella var. tenella
Xyris submontana Gleason =Xyris hymenachne
Xyris surinamensis Miq. =Xyris jupicai
Xyris tillettii L.B. Sm. =Xyris bicostata var. tillettii
Xyris trisperma Kral & L.B. Sm. =Xyris mima
Xyris vaginata Spreng. =Abolboda pulchella
Xyris vaupesana Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris uleana var. uleana
Xyris yapobodensis Idrobo & L.B. Sm. =Xyris spathacea
Xyris yutajensis Maguire & L.B. Sm. =Xyris tenella var. tenella
REFERENCES
Kral, R. 1988. The genus Xyris in Venezuela and contiguous northern South America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 522-722.
Kral, R. 1992. A treatment of American Xyridaceae exclusive of Xyris. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 819-885.
182
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Kral, R. 1994. Xyridaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 15: 3-90.
Kral, R. 2005. Xyridaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 9:
526-574.
Lanjouw, J. 1938. Xyridaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 225-248.
Maguire, B. 1958. Xyridaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part III. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 10(1): 1-156.
Maguire, B. & L.B. Smith. 1964. Xyridaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland
part V. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 1-278.
Mennega, A.M.W., J.C. Lindeman, & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1968. Xyridaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle & J.
Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 340-342.
Mori, S.A. 1997. Xyridaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the
New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 371.
ZINGIBERACEAE
H. Maas, P.J.M. Maas
Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig [cultivated, naturalized]
Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas
Renealmia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb.
Renealmia cernua (Sw. ex Roem. & Schult.) J.F. Macbr.
Renealmia floribunda K. Schum.
Renealmia guianensis Maas
Renealmia microcalyx Maas & H. Maas
Renealmia monosperma Miq.
Renealmia orinocensis Rusby
Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp.
Renealmia thyrsoidea subsp. chrysantha Maas
Renealmia thyrsoidea subsp. thyrsoidea
Zingiber spp. [several species cultivated, possibly escaping]
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG
AM
AM
FG
FG
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alpinia aromatica Aubl. =Renealmia aromatica
Alpinia latifolia Willd. ex Link (Marantaceae) =Calathea latifolia
Alpinia spiralis Jacq. (Costaceae) =Costus spiralis var. spiralis
Alpinia tubulata Ker Gawl. =Renealmia alpinia
Amomum alpinia Rottb. =Renealmia alpinia
Amomum thyrsoideum Ruiz & Pav. =Renealmia thyrsoidea
Renealmia exaltata L. f. =Renealmia alpinia
Renealmia gracilis Petersen =Renealmia guianensis
Renealmia humilis Petersen =Renealmia monosperma
Renealmia lutea J.R. Johnst. =Renealmia aromatica
Renealmia monostachia L. (Bromeliaceae) =Guzmania monostachia
Renealmia occidentalis (Sw.) Sweet =Renealmia aromatica
Renealmia occidentalis var. macrocarpa Loes. =Renealmia aromatica
Renealmia occidentalis var. occidentalis =Renealmia aromatica
Renealmia occidentalis var. ß cylindrica Petersen =Renealmia aromatica
Renealmia pedicellaris Gleason =Renealmia floribunda
Renealmia pendula C.F. Gaertn. (Bromeliaceae) =Catopsis berteroniana
Renealmia polystachia L. (Bromeliaceae) =Tillandsia polystachia
Renealmia raja Petersen =Renealmia alpinia
Renealmia recurvata var. ß (Bromeliaceae) =Tillandsia recurvata
Renealmia usneoides (Bromeliaceae) =Tillandsia usneoides
REFERENCES
Maas, P.J.M. 1977. Renealmia. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 18: 1-161.
Maas, P.J.M. 1979. Zingiberaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 416-441.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Zingiberaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A).
Maas, P. & H. Maas-van de Kamer. 1997. Zingiberaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and
Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 76, pt. 1: 371-374.
Maas-van de Kamer, H. & P. Maas. 2005. Zingiberaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 9: 576-580.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
183
ZOSTERACEAE
FG?
Zostera marina L. [record by Lemée extremely dubious]
REFERENCES
Phillips, R.C. & E.G. Meñez. 1988. Seagrasses. Smithsonian Contrib. Marine Sci. 34: 1-104.
DICOTYLEDONEA
ACANTHACEAE
D. Wasshausen
Anisacanthus secundus Leonard
Aphelandra aurantiaca (Schweidw.) Lindl.
Aphelandra aurantiaca var. aurantiaca
Aphelandra fasciculata Wassh.
Aphelandra pilosa Leonard
Aphelandra pulcherrima (Jacq.) Kunth
Aphelandra scabra (Vahl) Sm.
Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson [cultivated, persists as an escape]
Barleria cristata L.
Barleria lupulina Lindl. [introduced, possibly naturalized]
Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.
Bravaisia integerrima (Spreng.) Standl.
Dicliptera ciliaris J. Juss.
Dicliptera granvillei Wassh.
Dicliptera knappii Wassh.
Dicliptera sexangularis (L.) J. Juss. [expected in GU]
Elytraria imbricata (Vahl) Pers.
Eranthemum pulchellum Andr. [cultivated, naturalized]
Gynocraterium guianense Bremek.
Hemigraphis alternata (Burm. f.) T. Anderson [cultivated, persists as an
escape]
Herpetacanthus rotundatus (Lindau) Bremek.
Hygrophila costata Nees
Hygrophila erecta (Burm. f.) Hochr. [introduced]
Hygrophila sandwithii Bremek.
Hygrophila surinamensis Bremek. [expected in GU]
Justicia betonica L. [introduced]
Justicia breteleri Wassh.
Justicia calycina (Nees) V.A.W. Graham
Justicia carthaginensis Jacq.
Justicia cataractae Leonard
Justicia cayennensis (Nees) Lindau
Justicia cayennensis var. cayennensis
Justicia cayennensis var. parvifolia Bremek.
Justicia comata (L.) Lam.
Justicia coppenamensis Wassh. [nom. nov. for Beloperone modesta Bremek.]
Justicia delascioi Wassh.
Justicia guianensis (N.E. Br.) Wassh.
Justicia huberi Wassh.
Justicia hylaea Leonard
Justicia kunhardtii Leonard
Justicia laevilinguis (Nees) Lindau [expected in GU]
Justicia maguirei Wassh.
Justicia mcdowellii Wassh.
Justicia monachinoi Wassh.
Justicia moritziana Wassh.
Justicia nuriana Wassh.
Justicia oldemanii Wassh.
Justicia panarensis Wassh.
Justicia parguazensis Wassh.
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU?
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
AM
BO
SU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
DA
FG
BO
BO
184
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Justicia parimensis Wassh.
Justicia paruana Wassh.
Justicia pectoralis Jacq.
Justicia polystachya Lam. [expected in GU]
Justicia potarensis (Bremek.) Wassh.
Justicia prevostiae Wassh.
Justicia schomburgkiana (Nees) V.A.W. Graham
Justicia secunda Vahl
Justicia sprucei V.A.W. Graham
Justicia uvida Wassh.
Justicia wilhelminensis Wassh.
Justicia wurdackii Leonard
Lepidagathis alopecuroidea (Vahl) R. Br. ex Griseb.
Lepidagathis gracilis (Bremek.) Wassh. [expected in GU]
Lepidagathis medicaginea (Bremek.) Wassh. [expected in GU]
Lepidagathis nickeriensis Wassh. [expected in GU]
Lepidagathis surinamensis (Bremek.) Wassh.
Megaskepasma erythrochlamys Lindau
Nelsonia campestris R. Br.
Odontonema album V.M. Baum
Odontonema bracteolatum (Jacq.) Kuntze
Odontonema liesneri Wassh.
Odontonema mazarunensis Wassh.
Odontonema schomburgkianum (Nees) Kuntze
Pachystachys coccinea (Aubl.) Nees
Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Polylychnis fulgens Bremek.
Polylychnis radicans (Nees) Wassh.
Pseuderanthemum maguirei Leonard
Pulchranthus congestus (Lindau) V.M. Baum, Reveal & Nowicke
Pulchranthus surinamensis (Bremek.) V.M. Baum, Reveal & Nowicke
Pulchranthus variegatus (Aubl.) V.M. Baum, Reveal & Nowicke
Ruellia bolivarensis Wassh.
Ruellia delascioi Wassh.
Ruellia geminiflora Kunth
Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia (Nees) Griseb.
Ruellia geminiflora var. geminiflora
Ruellia inflata Rich.
Ruellia liesneri Wassh.
Ruellia longifolia Rich.
Ruellia macrophylla Vahl
Ruellia malaca Leonard
Ruellia menthoides (Nees) Hiern
Ruellia microcalyx (Nees) Lindau
Ruellia prostrata Poir.
Ruellia rubra Aubl. [includes several varieties without combinations in
Ruellia]
Ruellia saülensis Wassh.
Ruellia sprucei Lindau
Ruellia steyermarkii Wassh.
Ruellia tuberosa L. [naturalized]
Ruellia violacea Aubl.
Ruellia wurdackii Wassh.
Sanchezia lutea Leonard
Sanchezia pennellii Leonard
Staurogyne fockeana Bremek.
Staurogyne miqueliana Kuntze
Staurogyne repens (Nees) Kuntze
Staurogyne spraguei Wassh.
Staurogyne stahelii Bremek.
Staurogyne stolonifera (Nees) Kuntze
Staurogyne trinitensis Leonard
Staurogyne wullschlaegeliana Bremek.
Teliostachya cataractae Nees [=Lepidagathis sp.]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
BO
SU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
SU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
FG
AM
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
AM
GU
SU
FG
FG
BO
GU
DA
SU
SU
AM
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Teliostachya coppenamensis Bremek. [=Lepidagathis sp.]
Teliostachya lanceolata Nees [=Lepidagathis sp.]
Teliostachya mazarunensis Bremek. [=Lepidagathis sp.]
Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims [cultivated, naturalized]
Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson [cultivated, naturalized]
Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. [cultivated, naturalized]
Thunbergia grandiflora (Roxb. ex Rottl.) Roxb. [cultivated, naturalized]
Trichanthera gigantea (Bonpl.) Nees
Trichanthera gigantea var. guianensis Gleason
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Adhatoda carthaginensis (Jacq.) Nees =Justicia carthaginensis
Amphiscopia lancifolia var. minor Nees =Justicia moritziana
Anisacanthus boliviensis (Nees) Wassh. [not in flora area; records referable to A. secundus]
Aphelandra deppeana Schltdl. & Cham. =Aphelandra scabra
Aphelandra inserta Leonard =Aphelandra pulcherrima
Aphelandra paraensis Lindau =Aphelandra aurantiaca
Aphelandra pectinata Willd. ex Nees =Aphelandra scabra
Aphelandra tetragona (Vahl) Nees [not in flora area]
Arrhostoxylum coccineum Nees [not in flora area]
Arrhostoxylum rubrum (Aubl.) Nees =Ruellia rubra
Asystasia coromandeliana Nees =Asystasia gangetica
Asystasia nemorum Nees =Asystasia gangetica
Barleria pyramidata Lam. =Blechum pyramidatum
Beloperone calycina Nees =Justicia calycina
Beloperone modesta Bremek. =Justicia coppenamensis
Beloperone schomburgkiana Nees =Justicia schomburgkiana
Blechum brownei J. Juss. =Blechum pyramidatum
Blechum brownei f. puberulum Leonard =Blechum pyramidatum
Bravaisia floribunda DC. =Bravaisia integerrima
Chaetochlamys ciliata Lindau =Justicia sprucei
Chaetochlamys wurdackii Leonard =Justicia parguazensis
Dactylostegium assurgens (L.) Bremek. =Dicliptera sexangularis
Dianthera acuminatissima (Miq.) Benoist =Justicia calycina
Dianthera calycina (Nees) Benth. ex B.D. Jacks. =Justicia calycina
Dianthera comata L. =Justicia comata
Dianthera guianensis N.E. Br. =Justicia guianensis
Dianthera pectoralis (Jacq.) J.F. Gmel., nom. illeg. =Justicia pectoralis
Dicliptera assurgens (L.) J. Juss. =Dicliptera sexangularis
Dicliptera vahliana Nees =Dicliptera sexangularis
Dipteracanthus angustifolius (Nees) Bremek. =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
Dipteracanthus canescens Nees =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
Dipteracanthus geminiflorus (Kunth) Nees =Ruellia geminiflora
Dipteracanthus geminiflorus var. angustifolius Nees =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
Dipteracanthus menthoides Nees =Ruellia menthoides
Dipteracanthus paniculatus Nees ? [not in flora area] =Ruellia sp.
Dipteracanthus surinamensis Miq. =Ruellia microcalyx
Dipteracanthus vindex Nees =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
Dipteracanthus violaceus (Nees) Lemée =Ruellia violacea
Drejera boliviensis Nees =Anisacanthus secundus p.p.
Duvernoia potarensis Bremek. =Justicia potarensis
Duvernoia potarensis var. tetrapora Bremek. =Justicia potarensis
Dyspemptemorion cayennense (Nees) Bremek. =Justicia cayennensis
Ebermaiera repens Nees =Staurogyne repens
Ebermaiera spp. =Staurogyne spp.
Eranthemum nervosum (Vahl) R. Br. =Eranthemum pulchellum
Fittonia sp. [GU record =Justicia sp. nov., fide Wasshausen]
Hygrophila guianensis Nees ex Benth. =Hygrophila costata
Jacobinia venezuelica Lindau =Justicia guianensis
Juruasia rotundata Lindau =Herpetacanthus rotundatus
Justicia “divergens (Nees) Lindau” [invalid name, records based on misidentifications]
Justicia acuminatissima (Miq.) Bremek. =Justicia calycina
Justicia bracteolata Jacq. =Odontonema bracteolatum
Justicia caripensis Kunth =Justicia secunda
185
SU
SU
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
186
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Justicia coccinea Aubl. =Pachystachys coccinea
Justicia gangetica L. =Asystasia gangetica
Justicia glabribracteata (Lindau) V.A.W. Graham [records apparently in error]
Justicia imbricata Vahl =Elytraria imbricata
Justicia martiana (Nees) Lindau =Justicia comata
Justicia moricandiana (Nees) Lemée =Justicia secunda
Justicia obtusifolia (Nees) Lindau =Justicia laevilinguis
Justicia pectoralis var. latifolia Bremek. =Justicia pectoralis
Justicia plectica Leonard =Justicia schomburgkiana
Justicia pulcherrima Jacq. =Aphelandra pulcherrima
Justicia scabra Vahl =Aphelandra scabra
Justicia spicata Ruiz & Pav. =Pachystachys spicata
Justicia variegata Aubl. =Pulchranthus variegatus
Leptostachya martiana var. hispida Nees =Justicia comata
Meyenia erecta Benth. =Thunbergia erecta
Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng. =Nelsonia campestris
Odontonema surinamense Bremek. =Pulchranthus surinamensis
Odontonema variegatum (Aubl.) Kuntze =Pulchranthus variegatus
Odontonema venezuelense Leonard =Odontonema bracteolatum
Onychacanthus arboreus H. Karst. =Bravaisia integerrima
Pachystachys riedeliana Nees =Pachystachys spicata
Polylychnis essequibensis Bremek. =Polylychnis radicans
Psadacocalymma spp. =Justicia spp.
Rhacodiscus acuminatissimus (Miq.) Lindau =Justicia calycina
Rhacodiscus calycinus (Nees) Bremek. =Justicia calycina
Rhacodiscus intermedius (Nees) Lindau =Justicia calycina
Rhacodiscus moricandianus (Nees) Bremek. =Justicia secunda
Rhacodiscus secundus (Vahl) Bremek. =Justicia secunda
Rhytiglossa acuminatissima Miq. =Justicia calycina
Rhytiglossa laevilinguis Nees =Justicia laevilinguis
Rhytiglossa moricandiana Nees =Justicia secunda
Rhytiglossa secunda (Vahl) Nees =Justicia secunda
Rhytiglossa secunda var. intermedia Nees =Justicia calycina
Ruellia alopecuroidea Vahl =Lepidagathis alopecuroidea
Ruellia blechum L. =Blechum pyramidatum
Ruellia cordifolia Lindau =Ruellia inflata
Ruellia gigantea Bonpl. =Trichanthera gigantea
Ruellia pipericaulis Rizzini =Ruellia inflata
Ruellia radicans (Nees) Lindau =Polylychnis radicans
Ruellia tubiflora Kunth [not in flora area, based on misidentifications]
Ruellia vindex (Nees) Lindau =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
Sericographis caripensis (Kunth) Nees =Justicia secunda
Staurogyne leptocaulis Leonard =Staurogyne spraguei
Staurogyne linearifolia Bremek. =Staurogyne stolonifera
Staurogyne versteegii Bremek. =Staurogyne trinitensis
Stemonacanthus macrophyllus (Vahl) Nees =Ruellia macrophylla
Teliostachya alopecuroidea (Vahl) Nees =Lepidagathis alopecuroidea
Teliostachya glandulosa Bremek. =Lepidagathis nickeriensis
Teliostachya gracilis Bremek. =Lepidagathis gracilis
Teliostachya medicaginea Bremek. =Lepidagathis medicaginea
Teliostachya surinamensis Bremek. =Lepidagathis surinamensis
Thyrsacanthus bracteolatus (Jacq.) Nees =Odontonema bracteolatum
Thyrsacanthus variegatus (Aubl.) Nees =Pulchranthus variegatus
Ulleria angustifolia (Nees) Bremek. =Ruellia geminiflora var. angustifolia
REFERENCES
(see also Mendonciaceae)
Baum, V.M. & J.L. Reveal. 1983. Pulchranthus, a new genus from northern South America. Syst. Bot. 8(2): 221-220.
Bremekamp, C.E.B. 1938. Acanthaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(2): 166-252.
Bremekamp, C.E.B. 1938. Notes on the Acanthaceae of Surinam. Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 35: 130-171.
Bremekamp, C.E.B. 1938. Acanthaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(2): 166-252.
Bremekamp, C.E.B. 1938. Notes on the Acanthaceae of Surinam. Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 35: 130-171.
Graham, V.A.W. 1988. Delimitation and infra-generic classification of Justicia. Kew Bull. 43(4): 551-624.
Leonard, E.C. 1961. Acanthaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part IV. Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 10(4): 47-58.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
187
Wasshausen, D.C. 1975. The genus Aphelandra. Smiths. Contrib. Bot. 18: 1-157.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1990. Justicia maguirei, a new species of Acanthaceae from Guyana. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 64: 235238.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1991. New species of Dicliptera from the Guianas. Brittonia 43(1): 1-6.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1992a. New species and new combinations of Justicia (Acanthaceae) from the Venezuelan Guayana. Novon
2: 62-80.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1992b. Nomenclatural changes in the Acanthaceae and two new species of Odontonema from Venezuela and
Guyana. Novon 2: 149-152.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1995. Acanthaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 335374.
Wasshausen, D.C. 1995. A new species, new combinations, and a new name in Acanthaceae from northern South America.
Brittonia 47(4): 422-425.
Wasshausen, D.C. 2002. Acanthaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 31-39.
AIZOACEAE
R.A. DeFilipps†, J.A. Steyermark†
Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L.
DA
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Sesuvium acutifolium Miq. =Sesuvium portulacastrum
REFERENCES(see also Molluginaceae)
Burger, W. 1983. Aizoaceae. In W. Burger, Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana Bot. (n.s.) 13: 199-212.
Eyma, P.J. 1934. Aizoaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 158-161.
Nevling, L.I. Jr. 1961. Aizoaceae. In R.E. Woodson Jr., R.W. Schery, & collaborators, Flora of Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.
48(1): 80-85.
AMARANTHACEAE
R.A. DeFilipps†, M.H. Nee
Achyranthes indica (L.) Mill. [naturalized]
Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze
Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. [=Alternanthera tenella?]
Alternanthera littoralis P. Beauv.
Alternanthera littoralis var. maritima (Mart.) Pedersen
Alternanthera paronychioides A. St.-Hil. [specimens misidentified =
Alternanthera tenella in the Guianas]
Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.
Alternanthera pulchella Kunth
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.
Alternanthera tenella Colla
Amaranthus australis (A. Gray) J.D. Sauer [introduced?]
Amaranthus blitum L. [introduced?]
Amaranthus caudatus L. [cultivated or escaped from cultivation]
Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell.
Amaranthus hybridus L.
Amaranthus spinosus L. [introduced?]
Amaranthus tricolor L. [cultivated only?]
Amaranthus viridis L. [introduced?]
Blutaparon vermiculare (L.) Mears
Celosia argentea L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Celosia virgata Jacq.
Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth
Chamissoa altissima var. altissima
Chamissoa altissima var. swansonii Sohmer
Cyathula achyranthoides (Kunth) Moq. [introduced?]
Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume [introduced?]
Froelichia humboldtiana (Schult.) Seub.
Gomphrena globosa L. [widely cultivated and escaping]
Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Pfaffia glabrata Mart.
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG?
DA
GU
SU
FG
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
DA
BO
BO
AM
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
188
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pfaffia glabrata var. rostrata Stützer
Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen
Pfaffia grandiflora (Hook.) R.E. Fr.
Pfaffia iresinoides (Kunth) Spreng.
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG?
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Achyranthes altissima Jacq. =Chamissoa altissima var. altissima
Achyranthes aspera var. indica L. =Achyranthes indica
Achyranthes brasiliana (L.) Standl. =Alternanthera brasiliana
Achyranthes corymbosa L. (Caryophyllaceae) =Polycarpaea corymbosa
Achyranthes halimifolia Lam. =Alternanthera halimifolia
Achyranthes philoxeroides (Mart.) Standl. = Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.
Achyranthes prostrata L. =Cyathula prostrata
Achyranthes sessilis (L.) Desf. ex Steud. =Alternanthera sessilis
Acnida australis A. Gray =Amaranthus australis
Acnida cuspidata Bertero ex Spreng. =Amaranthus australis
Alternanthera crucis Bouldingh =Alternanthera halimifolia
Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Scheyg. =Alternanthera brasiliana
Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) Sm. =Alternanthera paronychioides
Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. [name often applied to A. tenella specimens] =Alternanthera
paronychioides
Alternanthera flavogrisea (Urb.) Urb. =Alternanthera halimifolia
Alternanthera flavogrisea subsp. diffusa (Mart.) Mears ex Fourn. =Alternanthera tenella
Alternanthera iresinoides Kunth =Pfaffia iresinoides
Alternanthera maritima (Mart.) A. St.-Hil. =Alternanthera littoralis var. maritima
Alternanthera ramosissima R.E. Fr. =Alternanthera brasiliana
Amaranthus gracilis Desf. =Amaranthus viridis
Amaranthus lividus L. =Amaranthus blitum
Amaranthus paniculatus L. =Amaranthus hybridus
Bucholzia philoxeroides Mart. =Alternanthera philoxeroides
Caraxeron vermicularis (L.) Raf. =Blutaparon vermiculare
Celosia cristata L. =Celosia argentea
Celosia paniculata L. =Iresine diffusa
Desmochaeta achyranthoides Kunth =Cyathula achyranthoides
Froelichia lanata (Kunth) Moq. =Froelichia humboldtiana
Gomphrena brasiliana L. =Alternanthera brasiliana
Gomphrena humboldtiana Schult. =Froelichia humboldtiana
Gomphrena iresinoides (Kunth) Moq. =Pfaffia iresinoides
Gomphrena lanata Kunth =Froelichia humboldtiana
Gomphrena sessilis L. =Alternanthera sessilis
Gomphrena stenophylla Spreng. =Pfaffia glomerata
Gomphrena vermicularis L. =Blutaparon vermiculare
Hebanthe hookeriana Hemsl. =Pfaffia grandiflora
Illecebrum diffusum Schult. =Alternanthera pulchella
Iresine celosia L. =Iresine diffusa
Iresine celosioides L. =Iresine diffusa
Iresine glomerata Spreng. =Pfaffia glomerata
Iresine grandiflora Hook. (non R.E. Fr.) =Pfaffia grandiflora
Iresine polymorpha Mart. =Iresine diffusa
Iresine vermicularis (L.) Moq. =Blutaparon vermiculare
Pfaffia glauca (Mart.) Spreng. =Pfaffia glomerata
Pfaffia hookeriana (Hemsl.) Greenm. =Pfaffia grandiflora
Pfaffia stenophylla (Spreng.) Stuchlik =Pfaffia glomerata
Philoxerus vermicularis (L.) R. Br. =Blutaparon vermiculare
Serturnera glauca Mart. =Pfaffia glomerata
Telanthera maritima Moq. =Alternanthera littoralis var. maritima
REFERENCES
Burger, W. 1983. Amaranthaceae. In W. Burger, Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana Bot. (n.s.) 13: 142-180.
DeFilipps, R.A. and S.L. Maina. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 40-42.
Duke, J.A. 1961. Amaranthaceae. In R.E. Woodson, R.W. Schery, & collaborators, Flora of Panama 4(4): 348-392.
Kellogg, E.A. 1988. Amaranthaceae. In R.A. Howard, Flora of the Lesser Antilles.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
189
Mears, J.A. 1977. The nomenclature and type collections of the widespread taxa of Alternanthera. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.
129: 1-21.
Morros, M.E., B. Trujillo, & M. Ponce. 1990. Descripcion del genero Amaranthus L. con 3 nuevos registros para Venezuela y
consiguiente clave para las especies. Ernstia 58-59-60: 45-51.
Nee, M.H. 1995. Amaranthaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 384-399.
Pedersen, T.M. 1967. Studies in South American Amaranthaceae. Darwiniana 14(2-3): 430-462.
Pedersen, T.M. 1976. Estudios sobre Amaranthaceae Sudamericanas, II. Darwiniana 20(1-2): 269-303.
Scheygrond, A. 1932. Amarantaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 25-44.
Sohmer, S.H. 1977. Revision of Chamissoa. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 104: 111-126.
ANACARDIACEAE
J.D. Mitchell
Anacardium amapaense J.D. Mitch.
Anacardium fruticosum J.D. Mitch. & S.A. Mori
Anacardium giganteum W. Hancock ex Engl.
Anacardium occidentale L.
Anacardium spruceanum Benth. ex Engl.
Astronium fraxinifolium Schott
Astronium graveolens Jacq.
Astronium lecointei Ducke
Astronium ulei Mattick
Campnosperma gummiferum (Benth.) Marchand
Cyrtocarpa velutinifolia (R.S. Cowan) J.D. Mitch. & Daly
Loxopterygium sagotii Hook. f.
Mangifera indica L. [widely cultivated]
Spondias dulcis Parkinson
Spondias mombin L.
Spondias purpurea L.
Tapirira bethanniana J.D. Mitch.
Tapirira guianensis Aubl.
Tapirira obtusa (Benth.) J.D. Mitch.
Thyrsodium guianense Sagot ex Marchand
Thyrsodium herrerense Encarnación
Thyrsodium puberulum J.D. Mitch. & Daly
Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth.
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Anacardium microcarpum Ducke =Anacardium occidentale
Comocladia tapaculo Kunth =Tapirira guianensis
Cyrtospermum gummiferum Benth. =Campnosperma gummiferum
Drepanospermum gummiferum (Benth.) Benth. =Campnosperma gummiferum
Garuga gigantea Engl. =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Garuga guianensis (Sagot) Engl. =Thyrsodium guianense
Garuga schomburgkiana (Benth.) Engl. =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Garuga spruceana (Benth.) Engl. =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Loxopterygium gutierrezii F.A. Barkley =Cyrtocarpa velutinifolia
Mauria multiflora Mart. ex Benth. =Tapirira guianensis
Mauria obtusa Benth. =Tapirira obtusa
Spondias cytherea Sonn. =Spondias dulcis
Spondias lutea L. =Spondias mombin
Tapirira fanshawei Sandwith =Tapirira guianensis
Tapirira guianensis var. cuneata Engl. =Tapirira guianensis
Tapirira guianensis var. elliptica Engl. =Tapirira guianensis
Tapirira marchandii Engl. [nom. illeg.] =Tapirira obtusa
Tapirira myriantha Triana & Planch. =Tapirira guianensis
Tapirira pao-pombo var. major Marchand =Tapirira obtusa
Tapirira peckoltiana Engl. =Tapirira obtusa
Tapirira velutinifolia (R.S. Cowan) Marc.-Berti =Cyrtocarpa velutinifolia
Thyrsodium dasytrichum Sandwith =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Thyrsodium giganteum (Engl.) Engl. =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Thyrsodium paraense Huber =Thyrsodium spruceanum
Thyrsodium schomburgkianum Benth. =Thyrsodium spruceanum
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
BO
AM
BO
190
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
REFERENCES
Barkley, F.A. 1968. Anacardiaceae: Rhoideae: Astronium. Phytologia 16: 107-152.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. 1976. Anacardiaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 2(2):
441-444.
Mitchell, J.D. 1992. Additions to Anacardium. Anacardium amapaënse, a new species from French Guiana and eastern Amazonian
Brazil. Brittonia 44(3): 331-338.
Mitchell, J.D. 1993. Tapirira obtusa comb. nov. (Anacardiaceae). Novon 3(1): 66.
Mitchell, J.D. 1995. Anacardiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 399-412.
Mitchell, J.D. 1997. Anacardiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn & M.J. Jansen-Jacobs, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 129: 1-79.
Mitchell, J.D. 2002. Anacardiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
43-53.
Mitchell, J.D. & D.C. Daly. 1991. Cyrtocarpa Kunth (Anacardiaceae) in South America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 184-189.
Mitchell, J.D. & D.C. Daly. 1993. A revision of Thyrsodium. Brittonia 45(2): 115-129.
Mitchell, J.D. & S. Mori. 1987. The cashew and its relatives (Anacardium: Anacardiaceae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 42: 176.
Nannenga, E.T. 1934. Anacardiaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 132-145.
ANISOPHYLLEACEAE
Anisophyllea guianensis Sandwith
GU
REFERENCES
Juncosa, A.M. & P.B. Tomlinson. 1988. A historical and taxonomic synopsis of Rhizophoraceae and Anisophylleaceae. Ann.
Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1278-1295.
Sandwith, N.Y. 1952. Contributions to the flora of tropical America LV. Discovery of Anisophyllea in America. Kew Bull. 1952:
303-306.
ANNONACEAE
P.E. Berry, D.M. Johnson, P.J.M. Maas, N.A. Murray, H. Rainer, J.A. Steyermark†
Anaxagorea acuminata (Dunal) A. DC.
Anaxagorea angustifolia Timmerman
Anaxagorea brachycarpa R.E. Fr.
Anaxagorea brevipedicellata Timmerman
Anaxagorea brevipes Benth.
Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith
Anaxagorea gigantophylla R.E. Fr.
Anaxagorea inundata P.E. Berry & R.B. Mill.
Anaxagorea petiolata R.E. Fr.
Anaxagorea phaeocarpa Mart.
Anaxagorea prinoides (Dunal) A. DC.
Anaxagorea rheophytica Maas & Westra
Anaxagorea rufa Timmerman
Annona ambotay Aubl.
Annona atabapensis Kunth
Annona densicoma Mart.
Annona echinata Dunal
Annona foetida Mart.
Annona gigantophylla (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.
Annona glabra L.
Annona haematantha Miq.
Annona hypoglauca Mart.
Annona jahnii Saff.
Annona montana Macfad.
Annona muricata L.
Annona paludosa Aubl.
Annona prevostiae H. Rainer
Annona purpurea Moç. & Sessé ex Dunal
Annona sericea Dunal
Annona symphyocarpa Sandwith
Annona tenuiflora Mart.
Annona tenuipes R.E. Fr.
AM
AM
AM
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
BO
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Annona trunciflora R.E. Fr.
Annona ulei R.E. Fr.
Bocageopsis canescens (Spruce ex Benth.) R.E. Fr.
Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr.
Cardiopetalum surinamense R.E. Fr.
Cremastosperma brevipes (DC. ex Dunal) R.E. Fr.
Cymbopetalum brasiliense (Vell.) Benth. ex Baill.
Diclinanona calycina (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Duguetia aberrans Maas
Duguetia amplexifolia R.E. Fr.
Duguetia argentea (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.
Duguetia cadaverica Huber
Duguetia calycina Benoist
Duguetia cauliflora R.E. Fr.
Duguetia chrysea Maas
Duguetia decurrens R.E. Fr.
Duguetia dimorphopetala R.E. Fr.
Duguetia eximia Diels
Duguetia flagellaris Huber
Duguetia granvilleana Maas
Duguetia guianensis R.E. Fr.
Duguetia inconspicua Sagot
Duguetia latifolia R.E. Fr.
Duguetia lepidota (Miq.) Pulle
Duguetia lucida Urb.
Duguetia macrocalyx R.E. Fr.
Duguetia macrophylla R.E. Fr.
Duguetia megalophylla R.E. Fr.
Duguetia neglecta Sandwith
Duguetia oligocarpa Maas & van Dam
Duguetia paraensis R.E. Fr.
Duguetia pauciflora Rusby
Duguetia pycnastera Sandwith
Duguetia quitarensis Benth.
Duguetia riberensis Aristeg. ex Maas & Boon
Duguetia rigida R.E. Fr.
Duguetia rionegrensis van Zuilen & Maas
Duguetia riparia Huber
Duguetia sancticaroli Maas
Duguetia schulzii Jans.-Jac.
Duguetia surinamensis R.E. Fr.
Duguetia tenuis R.E. Fr.
Duguetia trunciflora Maas & A.H. Gentry
Duguetia uniflora (Dunal) Mart.
Duguetia vallicola J.F. Macbr.
Duguetia venezuelana R.E. Fr.
Duguetia yeshidan Sandwith
Ephedranthus guianensis R.E. Fr.
Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff.
Guatteria atabapensis Aristeg. ex D.M. Johnson & N.A. Murray
Guatteria atra Sandwith
Guatteria axilliflora (DC.) R.E. Fr.
Guatteria brachypoda R.E. Fr.
Guatteria cardoniana R.E. Fr. [cf. Guatteria recurvisepala]
Guatteria citriodora Ducke
Guatteria clusiifolia D.M. Johnson & N.A. Murray
Guatteria conspicua R.E. Fr.
Guatteria discolor R.E. Fr.
Guatteria duckeana var. subcordata R.E. Fr.
Guatteria dura R.E. Fr.
Guatteria elongata Benth. [Brazilian species? “Rio Negro”]
Guatteria flexilis R.E. Fr.
Guatteria foliosa Benth.
Guatteria ? gracilipes R.E. Fr.
AM
191
BO
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
GU
AM
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
FG
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU?
GU
FG
SU
192
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E. Fr.
Guatteria insculpta R.E. Fr.
Guatteria ? insignis R.E. Fr.
Guatteria inundata Mart.
Guatteria latipetala R.E. Fr.
Guatteria liesneri D.M. Johnson & N.A. Murray
Guatteria longicuspis R.E. Fr.
Guatteria maguirei R.E. Fr.
Guatteria maypurensis Kunth
Guatteria megalophylla Diels
Guatteria monticola R.E. Fr.
Guatteria oblonga R.E. Fr.
Guatteria obovata R.E. Fr. [Brazilian species? “Rio Negro, Lagoon Pedrero”]
Guatteria ouregou (Aubl.) Dunal
Guatteria ovalifolia R.E. Fr.
Guatteria paludosa R.E. Fr.
Guatteria procera R.E. Fr.
Guatteria ? pteropus Benth.
Guatteria punctata (Aubl.) R.A. Howard
Guatteria recurvisepala R.E. Fr. [cf. Guatteria cardoniana]
Guatteria richardii R.E. Fr.
Guatteria riparia R.E. Fr.
Guatteria rubrinervis R.E. Fr.
Guatteria scandens Ducke
Guatteria schomburgkiana Mart.
Guatteria stenopetala R.E. Fr.
Guatteria subsessilis Mart.
Guatteria ? trichostemon R.E. Fr.
Guatteria ? umbonata R.E. Fr.
Guatteria wachenheimi Benoist
Guatteria williamsii R.E. Fr.
Guatteriopsis blepharophylla (Mart.) R.E. Fr.
Heteropetalum brasiliense Benth.
Malmea guianensis R.E. Fr.
Malmea surinamensis Chatrou
Mosannona discolor (R.E. Fr.) Chatrou
Oxandra asbeckii (Pulle) R.E. Fr.
Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.
Oxandra euneura Diels
Oxandra guianensis R.E. Fr.
Oxandra ? krukoffii R.E. Fr.
Oxandra leucodermis (Spruce ex Benth.) Warm.
Oxandra surinamensis Jans.-Jac.
Oxandra xylopioides Diels
Pseudephedranthus fragrans (R.E. Fr.) Aristeg.
Pseudoxandra coriacea R.E. Fr.
Pseudoxandra cuspidata Maas
Pseudoxandra guianensis (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.
Pseudoxandra polyphleba (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Rollinia cuspidata Mart.
Rollinia elliptica R.E. Fr.
Rollinia exsucca (DC. ex Dunal) A. DC.
Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.
Tetrameranthus duckei R.E. Fr.
Trigynaea caudata (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.
Trigynaea duckei (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis glaucopetala R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis grandis (Benth.) R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis guatterioides (A. DC.) R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis perrottetii (A. DC.) R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis rufescens (Baill.) R.E. Fr.
Unonopsis stipitata Diels
Unonopsis velutina Maas
Xylopia amazonica R.E. Fr.
Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart.
FG
AM
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
GU?
FG
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
BO
AM
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Xylopia benthamii R.E. Fr.
Xylopia calophylla R.E. Fr.
Xylopia cayennensis Maas
Xylopia crinita R.E. Fr.
Xylopia discreta (L. f.) Sprague & Hutch.
Xylopia emarginata Mart.
Xylopia excellens R.E. Fr.
Xylopia frutescens Aubl.
Xylopia ligustrifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
Xylopia nervosa (R.E. Fr.) Maas
Xylopia nitida Dunal
Xylopia parviflora Spruce
Xylopia plowmanii P.E. Berry & D.M. Johnson
Xylopia pulcherrima Sandwith
Xylopia sericea A. St.-Hil.
Xylopia spruceana Benth. ex Spruce
Xylopia surinamensis R.E. Fr.
Xylopia venezuelana R.E. Fr.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
193
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
DA
GU
SU
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aberemoa argentea R.E. Fr. =Duguetia argentea
Aberemoa guianensis Aubl. =Guatteria guianensis
Aberemoa longifolia (Aubl.) Baill. =Fusaea longifolia
Anaxagorea mutica R.E. Fr. =Anaxagorea dolichocarpa
Annona axilliflora DC. =Guatteria axilliflora
Annona exsucca DC. ex Dunal =Rollinia exsucca
Annona guaricensis Pittier =Annona jahnii
Annona hostmannii Steud. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
Annona jenmanii Saff. =Annona sericea
Annona lepidota Miq. =Duguetia lepidota
Annona longifolia Aubl. =Fusaea longifolia
Annona manirote Kunth =Annona purpurea
Annona mucosa Jacq. =Rollinia mucosa
Annona palustris L. =Annona glabra
Annona punctata Aubl. =Guatteria punctata
Annona rhombipetala Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don =Fusaea longifolia
Annona uniflora Dunal =Duguetia uniflora
Bocagea asbeckii Pulle =Oxandra asbeckii
Bocagea espintana Spruce ex Benth. =Oxandra espintana
Bocagea leucodermis Spruce ex Benth. =Oxandra leucodermis
Bocagea multiflora Mart. =Bocageopsis multiflora
Cananga ouregou Aubl. =Guatteria ouregou
Cremastosperma guianense R.E. Fr. =Pseudoxandra guianensis
Cremastosperma poiteaui (Diels) R.E. Fr. =Cremastosperma brevipes
Cremastosperma polyphlebum (Diels) R.E. Fr. =Pseudoxandra polyphleba
Cymbopetalum venosum Gleason (Lecythidaceae) =Lecythis corrugata subsp. corrugata
Diclinanona calycina var. macrophylla R.E. Fr. =Diclinanona calycina
Duguetia adiscandra Jans.-Jac. =Duguetia cadaverica
Duguetia cuspidata R.E. Fr. =Duguetia calycina
Duguetia elegans R.E. Fr. =Duguetia calycina
Duguetia friesii Jans.-Jac. =Duguetia cadaverica
Duguetia insculpta R.E. Fr. =Duguetia riparia
Duguetia longifolia (Aubl.) Baill. =Fusaea longifolia
Duguetia obovata R.E. Fr. =Duguetia yeshidan
Duguetia rostrata Rusby =Duguetia pauciflora
Duguetia sandwithii R.E. Fr. =Duguetia yeshidan
Ephedranthus fragrans R.E. Fr. =Pseudephedranthus fragrans
Froesiodendron surinamense (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr. =Cardiopetalum surinamense
Fusaea decurrens R.E. Fr. =Fusaea longifolia
Guatteria bernardii R.E. Fr. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
Guatteria blepharophylla Mart. =Guatteriopsis blepharophylla
Guatteria calva R.E. Fr. =Guatteria maypurensis
Guatteria chrysopetala (Steud.) Miq. =Guatteria punctata
Guatteria ferruginea A. St.-Hil. [not in flora area]
Guatteria flavovirens R.E. Fr. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
194
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Guatteria heteropetala Benth. =Heteropetalum brasiliense
Guatteria maypurensis var. attenuata R.E. Fr. =Guatteria maypurensis
Guatteria maypurensis var. pulchra R.E. Fr. =Guatteria maypurensis
Guatteria microsperma R.E. Fr. =Guatteria wachenheimi
Guatteria ouregou Griseb., non Dunal [not in flora area] =Guatteria inuncta
Guatteria ouregou Mart., non Dunal =Guatteria pteropus
Guatteria podocarpa DC. ex Dunal =Guatteria ouregou
Guatteria sagotiana R.E. Fr. =Guatteria punctata
Guatteria sandwithii R.E. Fr. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
Guatteria sessilis R.E. Fr. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
Guatteria spruceana R.E. Fr. =Guatteria schomburgkiana
Guatteria velezii R.E. Fr. =Guatteria maypurensis
Guatteria wessels-boerii Jans.-Jac. =Guatteria punctata
Heteropetalum spruceanum R.E. Fr. =Heteropetalum brasiliense
Heteropetalum spruceanum var. longipetalum R.E. Fr. =Heteropetalum brasiliense
Hornschuchia caudata R.E. Fr. =Trigynaea caudata
Hornschuchia duckei R.E. Fr. =Trigynaea duckei
Hornschuchia guianensis R.E. Fr. =Trigynaea duckei
Malmea discolor R.E. Fr. =Mosannona discolor
Oxandra nervosa R.E. Fr. =Xylopia nervosa
Pseudoxandra lucida R.E. Fr. =Pseudoxandra polyphleba
Raimondia tenuiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr. =Annona tenuiflora
Rollinia broadwayi var. cuneata R.E. Fr. =Rollinia exsucca
Rollinia cardiantha Diels =Rollinia cuspidata
Rollinia multiflora Splitg. =Rollinia exsucca
Rollinia puberula A. DC. =Rollinia exsucca
Rollinia pulchrinervia A. DC. =Rollinia mucosa
Rollinia sieberi A. DC. =Rollinia mucosa
Rollinia surinamensis R.E. Fr. =Rollinia exsucca
Trigynaea anastomosans Rusby =Cymbopetalum brasiliense
Trigynaea canescens Spruce ex Benth. =Bocageopsis canescens
Trigynaea grandis Benth. =Unonopsis grandis
Trigynaea guianensis (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr. =Trigynaea duckei
Unona crassipetala Dunal =Guatteria ouregou
Unona discreta L. f. =Xylopia discreta
Unonopsis polyphleba Diels =Pseudoxandra polyphleba
Uva brasiliensis (Vell.) Kuntze =Cymbopetalum brasiliense
Uvaria aromatica Lam. =Xylopia aromatica
Uvaria brasiliensis Vell. =Cymbopetalum brasiliense
Uvaria guatterioides A. DC. =Unonopsis guatterioides
Uvaria spectabilis DC. =Fusaea longifolia
Xylopia acuminata Dunal =Anaxagorea acuminata
Xylopia calycina Diels =Diclinanona calycina
Xylopia cinerea Sandwith =Xylopia nitida
Xylopia gigantophylla R.E. Fr. =Annona gigantophylla
Xylopia grandiflora A. St.-Hil. =Xylopia aromatica
Xylopia longifolia (Sagot) R.E. Fr. =Xylopia cayennensis
Xylopia longifolia A. DC. =Xylopia aromatica
Xylopia neglecta (Kuntze) R.E. Fr. =Xylopia parviflora
Xylopia nitida var. longifolia Sagot =Xylopia cayennensis
REFERENCES
Chatrou, L.W. & P. He. 1999. Studies in Annonaceae XXXIII. A revision of Fusaea. (Baill.) Saff. Brittonia 51(2): 181-203.
Fries, R.E. 1930-1939. Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. Acta Horti Berg. 10(1): 1-128 (1930), 10(2): 129-341
(1931), 12(1): 1-220 (1934), 12(2): 221-288 (1937), 12(3): 289-577 (1939).
Fries, R.E. 1940. Annonaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(2): 341-383.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. 1976. Annonaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 2(2): 658687.
Johnson, D.M. & N.A. Murray. 1995. Synopsis of the tribe Bocageeae (Annonaceae), with revisions of Cardiopetalum,
Froesiodendron, Trigynaea, Bocagea, and Hornschuchia. Brittonia 47(3): 248-319.
Maas, P.J.M. 1992. Rollinia. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 57: 1-192.
Maas, P.J.M. 1996. Studies in Annonaceae XXX. Monograph of Duguetia: Preliminary notes. Bot. Jahrb. 118(2): 187-227.
Maas, P.J.M., J. Koek-Noorman, & L.Y.Th. Westra. 1993. Studies in Annonaceae XVIII. New species from the Neotropics and
miscellaneous notes. Bot. Jahrb. 115(1): 77-95.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
195
Maas, P.J.M. & H Maas-van de Kamer. 2002. Annonaceae.In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M.
Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 53 - 67.
Maas, P.J.M., E.A. Mennega, & L.Y.Th. Westra. 1994. Studies in Annonaceae XXI. Index to species and infraspecific taxa of
neotropical Annonaceae. Candollea 49(2): 389-481.
Maas, P.J.M. & L.Y.Th. Westra. 1984-1985. Studies in Annonaceae II. A monograph of the genus Anaxagorea A. St. Hil. Part 1.
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 105: 73-134. Part 2. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 105: 145-204.
Steyermark, J.A., P.J.M. Maas, P.E. Berry, D.M. Johnson, N.A. Murray, & H. Rainer. 1995. Annonaceae. In J.A. Steyermark,
P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 413-469.
Zuilen, C.M. van & P.J.M. Maas. 1994. Studies in Annonaceae XXII. A taxonomic revision of Duguetia A. St.-Hil., sections
Alcmene and Xylopipetalum. Bot. Jahrb. 116(2): 221-242.
APIACEAE
P.E. Berry, J.C. Lindeman
Eryngium ebracteatum Lam.
Eryngium foetidum L.
Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxb. [introduced, no recent records]
Hydrocotyle umbellata L.
AM
BO
BO
AM
DA
DA
GU
GU?
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Berry, P.E. 1995. Apiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 470-471.
Mathias, M.E. 1936. The genus Hydrocotyle in northern South America. Brittonia 2: 201-237.
Mori, S.A. 2002. Apiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 67-68.
Stafleu, F.A. 1951. Umbelliferae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(2): 252-256.
APOCYNACEAE
L. Allorge, M.E. Endress, B.F. Hansen, A.J.M. Leeuwenberg, G.N. Morillo, J.L. Zarucchi
Allamanda cathartica L.
Allamanda doniana Müll. Arg.
Allamanda oenotherifolia Pohl
Allamanda schottii Pohl
Allamanda setulosa Miq.
Allamanda thevetiifolia Müll. Arg.
Ambelania acida Aubl.
Aspidosperma album (Vahl) Benoist ex Pichon
Aspidosperma araracanga Marc.-Ferr.
Aspidosperma carapanauba Pichon
Aspidosperma cruentum Woodson
Aspidosperma cuspa (Kunth) S.F. Blake ex Pittier
Aspidosperma decussatum Woodson
Aspidosperma discolor A. DC.
Aspidosperma excelsum Benth.
Aspidosperma glaucum Monach.
Aspidosperma helstonei Donsel.
Aspidosperma leucocymosum Kuhlm.
Aspidosperma macrophyllum Müll. Arg.
Aspidosperma macrophyllum subsp. macrophyllum
Aspidosperma macrophyllum subsp. morii L. Allorge
Aspidosperma marcgravianum Woodson
Aspidosperma neblinae Monach.
Aspidosperma oblongum A. DC.
Aspidosperma pachypterum Müll. Arg.
Aspidosperma pichonianum Woodson
Aspidosperma sandwithianum Markgr.
Aspidosperma schultesii Woodson
Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex Müll. Arg.
Aspidosperma steyermarkii Woodson
Aspidosperma ulei Markgr.
Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC.
Aspidosperma verruculosum Müll. Arg.
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
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SU
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FG
DA
GU
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SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
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GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
FG
GU
SU
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196
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don [widely cultivated, escaping]
Condylocarpon amazonicum (Markgr.) Ducke
Condylocarpon guyanense Desf.
Condylocarpon intermedium Müll. Arg.
Condylocarpon intermedium var. intermedium
Condylocarpon myrtifolium (Miq.) Müll. Arg.
Condylocarpon pubiflorum Müll. Arg.
Couma catingae Ducke
Couma guianensis Aubl.
Couma macrocarpa Barb. Rodr.
Couma rigida Müll. Arg.
Couma utilis (Mart.) Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia acouci (Aubl.) A. DC.
Forsteronia adenobasis Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia affinis Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia diospyrifolia Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia duckei Markgr.
Forsteronia gracilis (Benth.) Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia guyanensis Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia laurifolia (Benth.) A. DC.
Forsteronia lucida Markgr.
Forsteronia obtusiloba Müll. Arg.
Forsteronia paraensis Hansen
Forsteronia schomburgkii A. DC.
Forsteronia umbellata (Aubl.) Woodson
Galactophora calycina (Huber ex Ducke) Woodson
Galactophora colellana Morillo
Galactophora crassifolia (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Galactophora pulchella Woodson
Galactophora pumila Monach.
Galactophora schomburgkiana Woodson
Galactophora schomburgkiana var. megaphylla Monach.
Galactophora schomburgkiana var. schomburgkiana
Geissospermum argenteum Woodson
Geissospermum laeve (Thunb.) Miers
Geissospermum reticulatum A.H. Gentry
Geissospermum sericeum Benth. & Hook. f. ex Miers
Himatanthus articulatus (Vahl) Woodson
Himatanthus attenuatus (Benth.) Woodson
Himatanthus attenuatus var. attenuatus
Himatanthus attenuatus var. obtusifolius (Müll. Arg.) Plumel
Himatanthus bracteatus (A. DC.) Woodson
Himatanthus bracteatus var. bracteatus
Himatanthus bracteatus var. revolutus (Huber) Plumel
Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel
Himatanthus fallax (Müll. Arg.) Plumel
Himatanthus obovatus (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Himatanthus phagedaenicus (Mart.) Woodson
Himatanthus semilunatus Markgr.
Himatanthus speciosus (Müll. Arg.) Plumel
Himatanthus stenophyllus Plumel
Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Hylaea arborescens (Monach.) J.F. Morales
Kopsia arborea Blume
Lacmellea aculeata (Ducke) Monach.
Lacmellea arborescens (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Lacmellea floribunda (Poepp.) Benth. & Hook. f.
Lacmellea guyanensis (Müll. Arg.) Monach.
Lacmellea microcarpa (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Lacmellea pygmaea Monach.
Lacmellea pygmaea var. latifolia Monach.
Lacmellea pygmaea var. pygmaea
Lacmellea ramosissima (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Lacmellea utilis (Arn.) Markgr.
Laxoplumeria baehniana Monach.
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Macoubea guianensis Aubl.
Macoubea sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Macropharynx spectabilis (Stadelm.) Woodson
Macropharynx strigillosa Woodson
Malouetia calva Markgr.
Malouetia duckei Markgr. [expected on or near Sierra de la Neblina]
Malouetia flavescens (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Müll. Arg.
Malouetia glandulifera Miers
Malouetia gracilis (Benth.) A. DC.
Malouetia grandiflora Woodson
Malouetia molongo M.E. Endress
Malouetia naias M.E. Endress
Malouetia parvifolia Woodson
Malouetia pubescens Markgr.
Malouetia pubescens var. glabra M.E. Endress
Malouetia tamaquarina (Aubl.) A. DC.
Malouetia virescens Spruce ex Müll. Arg.
Mandevilla anceps Woodson
Mandevilla annulariifolia Woodson
Mandevilla aracamunensis Morillo
Mandevilla benthamii (A. DC.) K. Schum.
Mandevilla caurensis Markgr.
Mandevilla duidae (Woodson) Woodson
Mandevilla filifolia Monach.
Mandevilla hirsuta (Rich.) K. Schum.
Mandevilla holstii Morillo
Mandevilla huberi Morillo
Mandevilla javitensis (Kunth) K. Schum.
Mandevilla lancifolia Woodson
Mandevilla lasiocarpa (A. DC.) Malme
Mandevilla leptophylla (A. DC.) K. Schum.
Mandevilla obtusifolia Monach.
Mandevilla pachyphylla Woodson
Mandevilla rugellosa (Rich.) L. Allorge
Mandevilla rugosa (Benth.) Woodson
Mandevilla scaberula N.E. Br.
Mandevilla scabra (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) K. Schum.
Mandevilla spruceana (Müll. Arg.) K. Schum.
Mandevilla steyermarkii Woodson
Mandevilla subcarnosa (Benth.) Woodson
Mandevilla subcarnosa var. angustata Steyerm.
Mandevilla subcarnosa var. subcarnosa
Mandevilla subspicata (Vahl) Markgr.
Mandevilla surinamensis (Pulle) Woodson
Mandevilla symphitocarpa (G. Mey.) Woodson
Mandevilla tenuifolia (Mik.) Woodson
Mandevilla trianae Woodson
Mandevilla turgida Woodson
Mandevilla vanheurckii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Mesechites acutisepala Monach.
Mesechites trifida (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Microplumeria anomala (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Molongum laxum (Benth.) Pichon
Molongum lucidum (Kunth) Zarucchi
Mucoa pantchenkoana (Markgr.) Zarucchi
Neocouma parviflora (Markgr.) Zarucchi
Neocouma ternstroemiacea (Müll. Arg.) Pierre
Nerium oleander L. [cultivated, perhaps escaping]
Odontadenia funigera Woodson
Odontadenia geminata (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Müll. Arg.
Odontadenia glauca Woodson
Odontadenia macrantha (Roem. & Schult.) Markgr.
Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) Müll. Arg.
Odontadenia perrottetii (A. DC.) Woodson
Odontadenia puncticulosa (Rich.) Pulle
197
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Odontadenia sandwithiana Woodson
Odontadenia verrucosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) K. Schum. ex Markgr.
Pacouria guianensis Aubl.
Parahancornia fasciculata (Poir.) Benoist ex Pichon
Parahancornia negroensis Monach.
Parahancornia oblonga (Benth. ex Müll. Arg.) Monach.
Parahancornia surrogata Zarucchi
Plumeria inodora Jacq.
Plumeria rubra L. [cultivated & escaped]
Prestonia acutifolia (Benth. ex Müll. Arg.) K. Schum.
Prestonia annularis (L. f.) G. Don
Prestonia cayennensis (A. DC.) Pichon
Prestonia coalita (Vell.) Woodson
Prestonia exserta (A. DC.) Standl.
Prestonia finitima Woodson
Prestonia guianensis Gleason
Prestonia ipomaeifolia A. DC.
Prestonia latifolia Benth.
Prestonia lindleyana Woodson ex Gleason & A.C. Sm.
Prestonia megagros (Vell.) Woodson
Prestonia perplexa Woodson
Prestonia quinquangularis (Jacq.) Spreng.
Prestonia surinamensis Müll. Arg.
Prestonia tomentosa R. Br.
Prestonia vaupesiana Woodson
Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Rauvolfia pachyphylla Markgr.
Rauvolfia paraensis Ducke
Rauvolfia polyphylla Benth.
Rauvolfia tetraphylla L.
Rhabdadenia biflora (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Rhabdadenia macrostoma (Benth.) Müll. Arg.
Rhabdadenia pohlii Müll. Arg.
Rhigospira quadrangularis (Müll. Arg.) Miers
Salpinctes kalmiifolius Woodson
Secondatia densiflora A. DC.
Spongiosperma cataractarum Zarucchi
Spongiosperma macrophyllum (Müll. Arg.) Zarucchi
Spongiosperma oleifolium (Monach.) Zarucchi
Spongiosperma riparium (Monach.) Zarucchi
Stemmadenia grandiflora (Jacq.) Miers
Tabernaemontana albiflora (Miq.) Pulle [=Bonafousia albiflora]
Tabernaemontana angulata Mart. ex Müll. Arg. [=Bonafousia angulata]
Tabernaemontana attenuata (Miers) Urb. [=Anartia meyeri]
Tabernaemontana cerea (Woodson) Leeuwenb. [=Anartia cerea]
Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq. [=Peschiera cymosa]
Tabernaemontana disticha A. DC. [=Bonafousia disticha]
Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. [cultivated or
escaped from cultivation]
Tabernaemontana flavicans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. [=Anartia flavicans]
Tabernaemontana heterophylla Vahl [=Stenosolen heterophyllus]
Tabernaemontana lagenaria Leeuwenb.
Tabernaemontana lorifera (Miers) Leeuwenb. [=Bonafousia lorifera]
Tabernaemontana macrocalyx Müll. Arg. [=Bonafousia macrocalyx,
Bonafousia muelleriana]
Tabernaemontana maxima Markgr.
Tabernaemontana palustris Markgr.
Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam. [Asian species, cultivated only?]
Tabernaemontana rupicola Benth. [=Bonafousia rupicola]
Tabernaemontana sananho Ruiz & Pav. [=Bonafousia sananho]
Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb. [=Bonafousia siphilitica]
Tabernaemontana undulata Vahl [=Bonafousia undulata]
Thevetia ahouai A. DC.
Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum.
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ahouai nitida (Kunth) Pichon =Thevetia ahouai
Ambelania cucumerina Miers =Ambelania acida
Ambelania cuneata Müll. Arg. =Molongum lucidum
Ambelania lanceolata Markgr. =Spongiosperma oleifolium
Ambelania laxa (Benth.) Müll. Arg. =Molongum laxum
Ambelania lopezii Woodson =Spongiosperma macrophyllum
Ambelania lucida (Kunth) Markgr. =Molongum lucidum
Ambelania macrophylla Müll. Arg. =Spongiosperma macrophyllum
Ambelania oleifolia Monach. =Spongiosperma oleifolium
Ambelania oleifolia var. riparia Monach. =Spongiosperma riparium
Ambelania pantchenkoana Markgr. =Mucoa pantchenkoana
Ambelania parviflora Markgr. =Neocouma parviflora
Ambelania quadrangularis Müll. Arg. =Rhigospira quadrangularis
Ambelania sagotii Müll. Arg. =Ambelania acida
Ambelania tenuiflora Müll. Arg. =Ambelania acida
Ambelania tenuiflora var. tenuiramea Müll. Arg. =Ambelania acida
Ambelania ternstroemiacea (Müll. Arg.) Monach. =Neocouma ternstroemiacea
Amblyanthera crassifolia Müll. Arg. =Galactophora crassifolia
Amblyanthera spruceana Müll. Arg. =Mandevilla spruceana
Anacampta albescens (Rusby) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana undulata
Anacampta disticha (A. DC.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana disticha
Anacampta echinata (Aubl.) Markgr. [see Tabernaemontana echinata, Peschiera echinata]
Anacampta macrocalyx (Müll. Arg.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Anacampta maxima (Markgr.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana maxima
Anacampta muelleriana (Mart. ex Müll. Arg.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Anacampta palustris (Markgr.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana palustris
Anacampta rigida (Miers) Markgr. [not in flora area] =Tabernaemontana muricata Link ex Roem. & Schult.
Anacampta rupicola (Benth.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana rupicola
Anartia attenuata (Miers) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana attenuata
Anartia cerea (Woodson) L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana cerea
Anartia flavicans (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Miers =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Anartia meyeri (G. Mey. ex G. Don) Miers =Tabernaemontana attenuata
Anartia oblongifolia (A. DC.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Anartia olivacea (Müll. Arg.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Anechites amazonica Markgr. =Condylocarpon amazonicum
Anechites nerium Urb. [not in flora area]
Angadenia geminata (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Miers =Odontadenia geminata
Angadenia nitida (Vahl) Miers =Odontadenia nitida
Anisolobus cognatus (Stadelm.) Müll. Arg. =Odontadenia verrucosa
Anisolobus puncticulosus (Rich.) Miq. =Odontadenia puncticulosa
Apocynum acouci Aubl. =Forsteronia acouci
Apocynum cumanense Willd. ex Schult. (Asclepiadaceae) =Matelea cumanensis
Apocynum paniculatum Lam. =Forsteronia acouci
Apocynum umbellatum Aubl. =Forsteronia umbellata
Aspidosperma anomalum Müll. Arg. =Microplumeria anomala
Aspidosperma decipiens Müll. Arg. =Aspidosperma cuspa
Aspidosperma decussatum subsp. jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Aspidosperma decussatum
Aspidosperma desmanthum Benth. ex Müll. Arg. =Aspidosperma album
Aspidosperma exalatum Monach. =Aspidosperma pachypterum
Aspidosperma lucentivenium S.F. Blake =Aspidosperma cuspa
Aspidosperma megalocarpon Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Aspidosperma nitidum Benth. ex Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Aspidosperma quadriovulatum Pittier =Rauvolfia pachyphylla
Aspidosperma rhombeosignatum Markgr. =Aspidosperma pachypterum
Aspidosperma verruculosum var. laeve Monach. =Aspidosperma verruculosum
Aspidosperma woodsonianum Markgr. =Aspidosperma spruceanum
Bonafousia albiflora (Miq.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana albiflora
Bonafousia angulata (Mart. ex Müll. Arg.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana angulata
Bonafousia attenuata Miers =Tabernaemontana attenuata
Bonafousia disticha (A. DC.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana disticha
Bonafousia lorifera (Miers) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana lorifera
Bonafousia macrocalyx (Müll. Arg.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Bonafousia maxima (Markgr.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana maxima
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Bonafousia morettii L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Bonafousia muelleriana (Mart. ex Müll. Arg.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Bonafousia obliqua Miers =Tabernaemontana undulata
Bonafousia oblongifolia (A. DC.) Miers =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Bonafousia palustris (Markgr.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana palustris
Bonafousia rimulosa (Woodson ex R.E. Schult.) Boiteau & L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana palustris
Bonafousia rupicola (Benth.) Miers =Tabernaemontana rupicola
Bonafousia rupicola var. versicolor (Woodson) L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana rupicola
Bonafousia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana sananho
Bonafousia siphilitica (L. f.) L. Allorge =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Bonafousia speciosa (Poir.) Boiteau =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Bonafousia tetrastachya (Kunth) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Bonafousia undulata (Vahl) A. DC. =Tabernaemontana undulata
Cameraria tamaquarina Aubl. =Malouetia tamaquarina
Cerbera ahouai L. =Thevetia ahouai
Cerbera nitida Kunth =Thevetia ahouai
Cerbera peruviana Pers. =Thevetia peruviana
Codonemma macrocalyx (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Collophora utilis Mart. =Couma utilis
Condylocarpon breviarticulatum Müll. Arg. =Condylocarpon intermedium var. intermedium
Condylocarpon ciliatum Müll. Arg. =Condylocarpon pubiflorum
Condylocarpon hirtellum Ducke =Condylocarpon pubiflorum
Condylocarpon intermedium var. brevifolium Müll. Arg. =Condylocarpon intermedium var. intermedium
Condylocarpon longii Standl. & L.O. Williams =Condylocarpon intermedium var. intermedium
Condylocarpon obtusiusculum Müll. Arg. =Condylocarpon intermedium var. intermedium
Condylocarpon occidentale Markgr. =Condylocarpon amazonicum
Condylocarpon rauwolfiae Müll. Arg. [not in flora area] =Condylocarpon isthmicum (Vell.) A. DC.
Condylocarpon reticulatum Ducke =Condylocarpon amazonicum
Conoria cuspa Kunth =Aspidosperma cuspa
Couma capiron Pittier =Couma macrocarpa
Couma caurensis Pittier =Couma macrocarpa
Couma fasciculata (Poir.) Benoist =Parahancornia fasciculata
Couma multinervis Monach. =Couma utilis
Couma oblonga Benth. ex Müll. Arg. =Parahancornia oblonga
Couma sapida Pittier =Couma macrocarpa
Cylindrosperma anomalum (Müll. Arg.) Ducke =Microplumeria anomala
Dipladenia calycina Huber ex Ducke =Galactophora calycina
Dipladenia surinamensis Pulle =Mandevilla surinamensis
Dipladenia upatae Woodson =Mandevilla surinamensis
Echites angustifolia Benth. =Mandevilla benthamii
Echites benthamii A. DC. =Mandevilla benthamii
Echites biflora Jacq. =Rhabdadenia biflora
Echites brachystachya Benth. =Mandevilla scabra
Echites cognata Stadelm. =Odontadenia verrucosa
Echites elegans Benth. =Odontadenia geminata
Echites geminata Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. =Odontadenia geminata
Echites grandiflora G. Mey. =Odontadenia macrantha
Echites hirsuta Rich. =Mandevilla hirsuta
Echites hoffmannseggiana Steud. =Odontadenia macrantha
Echites javitensis Kunth =Mandevilla javitensis
Echites laurentiae-disca Rusby =Prestonia acutifolia
Echites leptophylla A. DC. =Mandevilla leptophylla
Echites macrantha Roem. & Schult. =Odontadenia macrantha
Echites macrostoma Benth. =Rhabdadenia macrostoma
Echites megagros Vell. =Prestonia megagros
Echites nitida Vahl =Odontadenia nitida
Echites puncticulosa Rich. =Odontadenia puncticulosa
Echites quinquangularis Jacq. =Prestonia quinquangularis
Echites rugellosa Rich. =Mandevilla rugellosa
Echites scabra Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. =Mandevilla scabra
Echites siphilitica L. f. =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Echites spectabilis Stadelm. =Macropharynx spectabilis
Echites subcarnosa Benth. =Mandevilla subcarnosa
Echites subspicata Vahl =Mandevilla subspicata
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Echites symphytocarpa G. Mey. =Mandevilla symphitocarpa
Echites trifida Jacq. =Mesechites trifida
Echites tubulosa Benth. =Mesechites trifida
Echites verrucosa Roem. & Schult. =Odontadenia verrucosa
Ervatamia coronaria (Jacq.) Stapf =Tabernaemontana divaricata
Ervatamia cumingiana (A. DC.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana pandacaqui
Exothostemon javitense (Kunth) G. Don =Mandevilla javitensis
Forsteronia benthamiana Müll. Arg. =Forsteronia acouci
Forsteronia corymbifera (Miers) Sandwith =Forsteronia acouci
Forsteronia mediocris Woodson =Forsteronia affinis
Forsteronia schomburgkii (Benth.) Müll. Arg. =Forsteronia acouci
Forsteronia viridescens S.F. Blake =Forsteronia acouci
Haemadictyon acutifolium Benth. ex Müll. Arg. =Prestonia acutifolia
Haemadictyon cayennense A. DC. =Prestonia cayennensis
Haemadictyon exsertum A. DC. =Prestonia exserta
Haemadictyon marginatum Benth. =Prestonia cayennensis
Hancornia amapa Huber =Parahancornia fasciculata
Hancornia laxa (Benth.) A. DC. =Molongum laxum
Himatanthus rigida Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Himatanthus articulatus
Hortsmania myrtifolia Miq. =Condylocarpon myrtifolium
Lacmellea lucida (Kunth) Miers =Molongum lucidum
Lacmellea ramosissima (Müll. Arg.) Monach. =Lacmellea ramosissima
Lacmellea utilis (Arn.) Monach. =Lacmellea utilis
Landolphia guianensis (Aubl.) Pulle =Pacouria guianensis
Lochnera rosea (L.) Rchb. =Catharanthus roseus
Macaglia alba Vahl =Aspidosperma album
Macaglia excelsa (Benth.) Kuntze =Aspidosperma excelsum
Macaglia oblonga (A. DC.) Kuntze =Aspidosperma oblongum
Macaglia verruculosa (Müll. Arg.) Kuntze =Aspidosperma verruculosum
Macoubea fasciculata (Poir.) Lemée =Parahancornia fasciculata
Macoubea guianensis var. reticulata (A. DC.) L. Allorge =Macoubea guianensis
Macoubea paucifolia (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Markgr. ex Ll. Williams =Macoubea guianensis
Macoubea reticulata (A. DC.) Markgr. =Macoubea guianensis
Macoubea sinuosa (Miers) Markgr. =Macoubea guianensis
Macoubea sprucei var. paucifolia (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Monach. =Macoubea guianensis
Malouetia furfuracea Spruce ex Müll. Arg. =Malouetia tamaquarina
Malouetia guianensis (Aubl.) Miers =Malouetia tamaquarina
Malouetia lactiflua Miers =Parahancornia fasciculata
Malouetia mexiae Woodson =Malouetia flavescens
Malouetia obtusiloba A. DC. =Malouetia tamaquarina
Malouetia odorata DC. =Malouetia tamaquarina
Malouetia retroflexa Müll. Arg. [not in flora area] =Malouetia cubana A. DC.
Malouetia schomburgkii Müll. Arg. =Malouetia flavescens
Malouetia tetrastachya (Kunth) Miers =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Mandevilla angustissima Markgr. =Mandevilla lancifolia
Mandevilla dielsiana Markgr. =Mandevilla subcarnosa var. subcarnosa
Mandevilla glabra N.E. Br. =Mandevilla vanheurckii
Mandevilla lancifolia var. calva Monach. =Mandevilla lancifolia
Mandevilla linearis N.E. Br. =Mandevilla leptophylla
Merizadenia amplifolia Miers =Macoubea guianensis
Merizadenia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers =Tabernaemontana sananho
Mesechites syphilitica (L. f.) Lemée =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Microplumeria anomala var. parvifolia Monach. =Microplumeria anomala
Microplumeria sprucei Baill. =Microplumeria anomala
Mitozus leptophyllus (A. DC.) Miers =Mandevilla leptophylla
Molongum cuneatum (Müll. Arg.) Pichon =Molongum lucidum
Molongum macrophyllum (Müll. Arg.) Pichon =Spongiosperma macrophyllum
Odontadenia “schomburgkiana (Nees) Kr.” [invalid name, error for Odontonema schomburgkiana (Acanthaceae)?]
Odontadenia amazonica (Stadelm.) Malme =Odontadenia verrucosa
Odontadenia cognata (Stadelm.) Woodson =Odontadenia verrucosa
Odontadenia cururu (Mart.) K. Schum. =Odontadenia puncticulosa
Odontadenia grandiflora (G. Mey.) Kuntze =Odontadenia macrantha
Odontadenia hoffmannseggiana (Steud.) Woodson =Odontadenia macrantha
Odontadenia kochii Pilg. =Odontadenia puncticulosa
201
202
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Odontadenia neglecta Woodson =Odontadenia verrucosa
Odontadenia silvestris (A. DC.) Müll. Arg. =Odontadenia macrantha
Odontadenia speciosa Benth. =Odontadenia macrantha
Odontadenia spoliata Malme =Odontadenia puncticulosa
Odontadenia surinamensis (Pulle) Woodson =Odontadenia verrucosa
Orelia grandiflora Aubl. =Allamanda cathartica
Parahancornia amapa (Huber) Ducke =Parahancornia fasciculata
Parahancornia tabernaemontana Woodson =Macoubea guianensis
Peschiera cymosa (Jacq.) Dugand =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Peschiera echinata (Aubl.) A. DC. [name misapplied to Tabernaemontana lagenaria]
Peschiera heterophylla (Vahl) Miers =Tabernaemontana heterophylla
Peschiera psychotriifolia (Kunth) Miers =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Peschiera umbrosa (Kunth) Miers =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Plumeria alba var. inodora (Jacq.) G. Don =Plumeria inodora
Plumeria articulata Vahl =Himatanthus articulatus
Plumeria attenuata Benth. =Himatanthus attenuatus
Plumeria attenuata var. obtusifolia Müll. Arg. =Himatanthus attenuatus var. obtusifolius
Plumeria bracteata A. DC. =Himatanthus bracteatus
Plumeria mollis Kunth =Plumeria rubra
Plumeria phagedaenica Mart. =Himatanthus phagedaenicus
Plumeria sucuuba Spruce ex Müll. Arg. =Himatanthus sucuuba
Plumeriopsis ahouai (L.) Rusby & Woodson =Thevetia ahouai
Prestonia arborescens Monach. =Hylaea arborescens
Prestonia marginata (Benth.) Woodson =Prestonia cayennensis
Quadricasaea inaequilateralis Woodson =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Rauvolfia hirsuta Jacq. =Rauvolfia tetraphylla
Rauvolfia lamarckii DC. =Rauvolfia tetraphylla
Rauvolfia parvifolia Bertero ex Spreng. =Rauvolfia ligustrina
Rauvolfia ternifolia Kunth =Rauvolfia ligustrina
Rhigospira paucifolia (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Miers =Macoubea guianensis
Rhigospira sinuosa Miers =Macoubea guianensis
Rhigospira sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Macoubea sprucei
Rhigospira ternstroemiacea (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Neocouma ternstroemiacea
Rhigospira venulosa Miers =Spongiosperma macrophyllum
Rhipidia amazonica (Markgr.) Markgr. =Condylocarpon amazonicum
Salpinctes duidae Woodson =Mandevilla duidae
Stemmadenia cerea Woodson =Tabernaemontana cerea
Stenosolen heterophyllus (Vahl) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana heterophylla
Stenosolen holothuria Markgr. =Tabernaemontana heterophylla
Taberna albiflora (Miq.) Markgr. =Tabernaemontana albiflora
Taberna cymosa (Jacq.) Miers =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Taberna disticha Miers =Tabernaemontana disticha
Tabernaemontana albescens Rusby =Tabernaemontana undulata
Tabernaemontana aubletii Pulle, nom. illeg. =Macoubea guianensis
Tabernaemontana citrifolia Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Tabernaemontana coronaria (Jacq.) Willd. =Tabernaemontana divaricata
Tabernaemontana echinata Vell., non Aubl. [not in flora area] =Tabernaemontana hystrix Steud.
Tabernaemontana fasciculata Poir. =Parahancornia fasciculata
Tabernaemontana flavescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Malouetia flavescens
Tabernaemontana gracilis Benth. =Malouetia gracilis
Tabernaemontana grandiflora Jacq. =Stemmadenia grandiflora
Tabernaemontana holothuria (Markgr.) Leeuwenb. =Tabernaemontana heterophylla
Tabernaemontana inaequilateralis (Woodson) Pichon =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Tabernaemontana laurifolia L. [not in flora area]
Tabernaemontana laxa Benth. =Molongum laxum
Tabernaemontana longifolia Benth. =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Tabernaemontana lucida Kunth =Molongum lucidum
Tabernaemontana macrophylla Müll. Arg. [not in flora area] =Tabernaemontana muricata Link ex Roem. & Schult.
Tabernaemontana meyeri G. Don =Tabernaemontana attenuata
Tabernaemontana muelleriana Mart. ex Müll. Arg. =Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
Tabernaemontana obliqua (Miers) Leeuwenb. =Tabernaemontana undulata
Tabernaemontana oblongifolia A. DC. =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Tabernaemontana olivacea Müll. Arg. =Tabernaemontana flavicans
Tabernaemontana paucifolia Spruce ex Müll. Arg. =Macoubea guianensis
Tabernaemontana psychotriifolia Kunth =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
203
Tabernaemontana repanda E. Mey. =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Tabernaemontana rimulosa Woodson ex R.E. Schult. =Tabernaemontana palustris
Tabernaemontana sessilifolia Klotzsch =Tabernaemontana rupicola
Tabernaemontana speciosa Poir. =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Tabernaemontana sprucei Müll. Arg. =Macoubea sprucei
Tabernaemontana submollis Mart. ex Müll. Arg. [not in flora area] =Tabernaemontana coriacea Link ex Roem. & Schult.
Tabernaemontana tenuis Monach. =Tabernaemontana palustris
Tabernaemontana ternstroemiacea Müll. Arg. =Neocouma ternstroemiacea
Tabernaemontana tetrastachya Kunth =Tabernaemontana siphilitica
Tabernaemontana umbrosa Kunth =Tabernaemontana cymosa
Tabernaemontana utilis Arn. =Lacmellea utilis
Tabernaemontana versicolor Woodson =Tabernaemontana rupicola
Thenardia laurifolia Benth. =Forsteronia laurifolia
Thenardia umbellata (Aubl.) Spreng. =Forsteronia umbellata
Thyrsanthus acouci (Aubl.) Miers =Forsteronia acouci
Thyrsanthus adenobasis (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Forsteronia adenobasis
Thyrsanthus affinis (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Forsteronia affinis
Thyrsanthus benthamianus (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Forsteronia acouci
Thyrsanthus diospyrifolius (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Forsteronia diospyrifolia
Thyrsanthus fasciculatus (Poir.) Miers =Parahancornia fasciculata
Thyrsanthus gracilis Benth. =Forsteronia gracilis
Thyrsanthus guyanensis (Müll. Arg.) Miers =Forsteronia guyanensis
Thyrsanthus laurifolius (Benth.) Miers =Forsteronia laurifolia
Thyrsanthus schomburgkii Benth. =Forsteronia acouci
Vinca rosea L. =Catharanthus roseus
Willughbeja acida (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Ambelania acida
Willughbeja guianensis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Pacouria guianensis
Willughbeja scandans Willd. =Pacouria guianensis
Zschokkea aculeata Ducke =Lacmellea aculeata
Zschokkea microcarpa Müll. Arg. =Lacmellea microcarpa
Zschokkea ramosissima Müll. Arg. =Lacmellea ramosissima
Zschokkea utilis (Arn.) Hemsl. =Lacmellea utilis
REFERENCES
Allorge, L. 1985. Monographie des Apocynacées - Tabernaemontanoidées Américaines. Mem. Mus. Nat. Hist. Naturelle (n.s.)
Serie B, tome 30.
Allorge, L. 1985. Distribution, relations et intérêt biogéographique des Tabernaemontanoideae (Apocynaceae) dans la région
néotropicale. C.R. Soc. Biogéogr. 61(4): 137-155.
Allorge, L. 2002. Apocynaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
69-84.
Allorge, L. & C. Poupat. 1991. Position systématique et révision du genre Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) pour les trois Guyanes.
Le point sur leur étude chimique. Bull. Soc. bot. Fr., Lettres bot. (4/5): 267-301.
Allorge, L. & C. Sastre. 1990. Distribution géographique dans les Guyanes, d’Apocynaceae et d’Ochnaceae. Essai de mise en
évidence de centres de spéciation. C.R. Soc. Biogéogr. 67(2): 77-94.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 1988. Series of revisions of Apocynaceae. XXI. Notes on Tabernaemontaneae. Agric. Univ. Wageningen
Papers 87-5: 1-32.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 1994. A Revision of Tabernaemontana. Two. The New World Species and Stemmadenia. Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England.
Markgraf, F. 1932. Apocynaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 1-65.
Markgraf, F. 1937. Apocynaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 443-467.
Monachino, J.V. 1943 (1944). A revision of Couma and Parahancornia. Lloydia 6(4): 229-247.
Monachino, J. 1961. Apocynaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part IV.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(4): 59-65.
Plumel, M.-M. 1991. Le genre Himatanthus, révision taxonomique. Bradea 5 suppl.: 1-118.
Woodson, R.E., Jr. 1933-1936. Studies in the Apocynaceae. IV. The American genera of Echitoideae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.
20: 605-790, 22: 153-306, 23: 169-439.
Zarucchi, J.L., G.N. Morillo, M.E. Endress, B.F. Hansen & A.J.M. Leeuwenberg. 1995. Apocynaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E.
Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 2: 471-571.
AQUIFOLIACEAE
P.E. Berry, P.-A. Loizeau, J.A. Steyermark†
Ilex abscondita Steyerm.
Ilex acutidenticulata Steyerm.
AM
AM
204
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ilex altiplana Steyerm.
Ilex amazonensis Edwin
Ilex apicidens N.E. Br.
Ilex aracamuniana Steyerm.
Ilex archeri Edwin
Ilex atabapoensis T.R. Dudley
Ilex attenuata Steyerm. [near Pico Neblina, Brazil]
Ilex brevipedicellata Steyerm.
Ilex cardonae Steyerm. [near Sierra Tapirapecó, Brazil]
Ilex casiquiarensis Loes.
Ilex ciliolata Steyerm.
Ilex costata Edwin
Ilex cowanii Wurdack
Ilex culmenicola Steyerm.
Ilex daphnogenea Reissek
Ilex davidsei Steyerm.
Ilex diospyroides Reissek
Ilex divaricata Mart. ex Reissek
Ilex duidae Gleason
Ilex fanshawei Edwin
Ilex glabella Steyerm.
Ilex gleasoniana Steyerm.
Ilex gransabanensis Steyerm.
Ilex guaiquinimae Steyerm.
Ilex guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze
Ilex holstii Steyerm.
Ilex huachamacariana Edwin
Ilex ignicola Steyerm.
Ilex inundata Poepp. ex Reissek
Ilex jauaensis Steyerm.
Ilex jenmanii Loes.
Ilex karuaiana Steyerm.
Ilex lasseri Edwin
Ilex laureola Triana
Ilex liesneri Steyerm.
Ilex longipilosa Steyerm.
Ilex macarenensis Cuatrec.
Ilex magnifructa Edwin
Ilex maguirei Wurdack
Ilex marahuacae Steyerm.
Ilex marginata Edwin
Ilex martiniana D. Don
Ilex neblinensis Edwin
Ilex oliveriana Loes.
Ilex ovalifolia G. Mey.
Ilex paruensis Steyerm.
Ilex parvifructa Edwin
Ilex paujiensis Steyerm.
Ilex polita Steyerm.
Ilex psammophila Reissek
Ilex ptariana Steyerm.
Ilex retusa Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex savannarum Wurdack
Ilex savannarum var. morichei Edwin
Ilex savannarum var. savannarum
Ilex sessilifructa Edwin
Ilex sipapoana Edwin
Ilex soderstromii Edwin
Ilex soderstromii var. ovata Edwin
Ilex soderstromii var. soderstromii
Ilex solida Edwin
Ilex spruceana Reissek
Ilex steyermarkii Edwin
Ilex subrotundifolia Steyerm.
BO
GU
GU?
GU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
BO
GU
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG?
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ilex sulcata Edwin [?later homonym of Ilex sulcata Wall., nomen nudum]
Ilex summa Steyerm.
Ilex tateana Steyerm.
Ilex tepuiana Steyerm. ex Edwin
Ilex theezans Mart.
Ilex theezans var. riedelii Loes.
Ilex thyrsiflora Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex thyrsiflora var. schomburgkii (Klotzsch ex Reissek) Loes.
Ilex tiricae Edwin
Ilex uaramae Edwin
Ilex umbellata Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex vacciniifolia Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex venezuelensis Steyerm.
Ilex vismiifolia Reissek
Ilex wurdackiana Steyerm.
Ilex yutajensis Wurdack
205
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ilex acuminata Willd. =Ilex guianensis
Ilex bolivarensis Edwin =Ilex vacciniifolia Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex brevipetiolata Steyerm. & Wurdack =Ilex subrotundifolia
Ilex celastroides Klotzsch ex Garcke =Ilex guianensis
Ilex congesta Reissek (Myrsinaceae) =Cybianthus lineatus
Ilex cumanensis Turcz. =Ilex guianensis
Ilex humirioides Reissek =Ilex umbellata
Ilex lanceolata Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Ilex martiniana
Ilex laureola var. neglecta Loes. =Ilex laureola
Ilex laurina Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Ilex daphnogenea
Ilex lucumifolia Reissek ex Maxim. (Sapotaceae) =Pouteria lucumifolia
Ilex lymanii Edwin =Ilex sipapoana
Ilex macoucoua Pers. =Ilex guianensis
Ilex magnifructa var. minor Steyerm. =Ilex magnifructa
Ilex neblinensis var. wurdackii Edwin =Ilex neblinensis
Ilex retusa Klotzsch [in R.M. Schomb., nom. inval.] =Ilex retusa Klotzsch ex Reissek
Ilex retusa f. brunnescens Loes. =Ilex retusa
Ilex retusa f. genuina Loes. =Ilex retusa
Ilex retusa f. glabra Steyerm. =Ilex retusa
Ilex retusa f. glaucescens Steyerm. =Ilex retusa
Ilex retusa f. major Steyerm. =Ilex retusa
Ilex riparia Reissek =Ilex inundata
Ilex schomburgkii Klotzsch ex Reissek =Ilex thyrsiflora var. schomburgkii
Ilex spathulata Steyerm., non Koidz 1925 =Ilex atabapoensis
Ilex spruceana var. genuina Loes. =Ilex spruceana
Ilex spruceana var. guainiensis Loes. =Ilex spruceana
Ilex stenophylla Steyerm. =Ilex retusa
Ilex sulcata var. pygmaea Edwin =Ilex sulcata
Ilex vacciniifolia Klotzsch =Ilex vacciniifolia Klotzsch ex Reissek
Macoucoua guianensis Aubl. =Ilex guianensis
REFERENCES
Amshoff, G.J.H. 1951. Aquifoliaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(2): 159-165.
Edwin, G. 1965. Aquifoliaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part VI. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 12(3): 1-285.
Steyermark, J.A. & P.E. Berry. 1995. Aquifoliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 2: 571-599.
Wurdack, J.J. 1961. Aquifoliaceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part IV.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(4): 1-6.
ARALIACEAE
D.G. Frodin, J.C. Lindeman
Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne. & Planch.
Dendropanax neblinae Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. & Planch.
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
BO
DA
GU
FG
206
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Oreopanax capitatus var. capitatus
Schefflera acaropunctata Frodin
Schefflera argophylla Frodin
Schefflera asymmetrica Frodin
Schefflera auyantepuiensis (Steyerm.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera ayangannensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera baculosa Frodin
Schefflera brachypodia Frodin
Schefflera chimantensis (Steyerm. & Maguire) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera chimantensis subsp. chimantensis
Schefflera chimantensis var. iluensis Frodin
Schefflera chimantensis subsp. multiramosa (Steyerm.) Frodin
Schefflera chimantensis var. rugosifolia (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin) Frodin
[Mt. Roraima]
Schefflera chimantensis subsp. rugosifolia (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin)
Frodin
Schefflera clausa Frodin
Schefflera clavigera Frodin
Schefflera clusietorum Frodin
Schefflera concolor Frodin
Schefflera contracta Frodin
Schefflera coriacea (Marchal) Harms
Schefflera cracens Frodin
Schefflera crassilimba Frodin
Schefflera decaphylla (Seem.) Harms
Schefflera disparifolia Frodin
Schefflera dissidens Frodin [Mt. Roraima]
Schefflera duidae Steyerm. [expected in GU]
Schefflera eximia Frodin [Sierra de la Neblina]
Schefflera gracillima Steyerm. & Maguire
Schefflera guanayensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera hitchcockii (Lasser & Maguire) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera huachamacarii Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera huberi Frodin
Schefflera japurensis (Mart. & Zucc. ex Marchal) Harms
Schefflera jauaensis (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin) Frodin
Schefflera longistyla Frodin
Schefflera maguireanorum Frodin
Schefflera marahuacensis (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin) Frodin
Schefflera meiurophylla Frodin
Schefflera monosperma Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin [Mt. Roraima]
Schefflera montana (Gleason) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera myrioneura Frodin
Schefflera neblinae (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin) Frodin [Sierra de la
Neblina]
Schefflera nigrescens Frodin
Schefflera pallens Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera paruana (Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin) Frodin
Schefflera pauciradiata Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera pedicelligera Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera pimichinensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera plurispicata Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin [expected in AM]
Schefflera psilophylla (Harms) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin [Mt. Roraima]
Schefflera quinquecarinata Steyerm.
Schefflera quinquestylorum Steyerm.
Schefflera sessiliflora Splithof-Heerschop ex Frodin
Schefflera simplex Steyerm. & B. Holst
Schefflera sipapoensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera spruceana (Seem.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera steyermarkii Frodin
Schefflera suaveolens Frodin
Schefflera tamatamaensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Schefflera tremuloidea Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
FG
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO?
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU?
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Schefflera ulocephala Frodin
Schefflera umbellata (N.E. Br.) R. Vig. [Mt. Roraima]
Schefflera umbraculifera Frodin
Schefflera varisiana Frodin [expected in AM]
Schefflera yutajensis Steyerm. & B. Holst
Sciadodendron excelsum Griseb.
207
AM
BO
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aralia arborea L. =Dendropanax arboreus
Aralia capitata Jacq. =Oreopanax capitatus
Crepinella gracilis Marchal ex Thurn =Schefflera monosperma
Didymopanax auyantepuiensis Steyerm. =Schefflera auyantepuiensis
Didymopanax chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Schefflera chimantensis
Didymopanax hitchcockii Lasser & Maguire =Schefflera hitchcockii
Didymopanax montanum Gleason =Schefflera montana
Didymopanax morototoni (Aubl.) Decne. & Planch. =Schefflera morototoni
Didymopanax multiramosus Steyerm. =Schefflera chimantensis subsp. multiramosa
Didymopanax psilophyllus Harms =Schefflera psilophylla
Didymopanax reticulatus Gleason =Schefflera sessiliflora
Didymopanax rugosum N.E. Br. =Schefflera chimantensis subsp. rugosifolia
Didymopanax spruceanus Seem. =Schefflera spruceana
Didymopanax spruceanus var. cuyabensis Hoehne =Schefflera spruceana
Gilibertia arborea (L.) Marchal =Dendropanax arboreus
Oreopanax capitatus var. multiflorus (DC.) Marchal [Guianan material agrees with var. capitatus fide Lindeman]
Panax morototoni Aubl. =Schefflera morototoni
Panax splendens Kunth =Schefflera morototoni
Panax undulata Aubl. =Schefflera morototoni
Schefflera arborea (L.) M. Gómez =Dendropanax arboreus
Schefflera coriacea subsp. neblinae Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera neblinae
Schefflera duidae subsp. quinquestylorum (Steyerm.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera quinquestylorum
Schefflera globulifera Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera ulocephala
Schefflera guanayensis subsp. paruensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera paruana
Schefflera guanayensis subsp. sipapoensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera crassilimba
Schefflera paraensis Huber ex Ducke =Schefflera decaphylla
Schefflera reticulata (Gleason) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin, non Philipson =Schefflera sessiliflora
Schefflera reticulata subsp. jauaensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera jauaensis
Schefflera reticulata subsp. yutajensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera maguireanorum
Schefflera rugosifolia Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera chimantensis subsp. rugosifolia
Schefflera splendens (Kunth) Frodin ex Lindeman =Schefflera morototoni
Schefflera tremuloides var. marahuacensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera marahuacensis
Schefflera umbellata subsp. duidana Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin =Schefflera acaropunctata
Sciadophyllum coriaceum Marchal =Schefflera coriacea
Sciadophyllum japurense Mart. & Zucc. ex Marchal =Schefflera japurensis
Sciadophyllum umbellatum N.E. Br. =Schefflera umbellata
REFERENCES
Frodin, D.G. 1993. Studies in Schefflera, VI. New species and subordinate taxa in the Venezuelan Guayana and immediately
adjacent areas. Novon 3: 367-403.
Frodin, D.G. 1997. Araliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 1-31.
Maguire, B., J.A. Steyermark, & D.G. Frodin. 1984. Araliaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland
Part XII. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 38: 1-84.
Mori, S.A. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 84-87.
Muller, F.M. 1934. Araliaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 160-163.
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
K.A. Barringer, C. Feuillet, F.A. González G., O. Poncy
Aristolochia acutifolia Duch.
Aristolochia amara (Aubl.) Poncy [taxon based on sterile material, of
uncertain application]
Aristolochia anguicida Jacq.
Aristolochia bukuti Poncy
Aristolochia chamissonis Duch.
AM
BO
FG
AM
BO
SU
AM
FG
208
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Aristolochia consimilis Mast.
Aristolochia cornuta Mast.
Aristolochia cremersii Poncy
Aristolochia daemoninoxia Mast.
Aristolochia didyma S. Moore
Aristolochia disticha Mast.
Aristolochia flava Poncy
Aristolochia guianensis Poncy
Aristolochia guntheri O.C. Schmidt
Aristolochia hians Willd.
Aristolochia iquitensis O.C. Schmidt
Aristolochia kanukuensis Feuillt, ined.
Aristolochia leprieurii Duch.
Aristolochia maxima Jacq.
Aristolochia melgueiroi Barringer & Guánchez
Aristolochia mossii S. Moore
Aristolochia nummularifolia Kunth
Aristolochia pannosoides Hoehne
Aristolochia paramaribensis Duch.
Aristolochia ringens Vahl
Aristolochia rugosa Lam.
Aristolochia silvatica Barb. Rodr.
Aristolochia sprucei Mast.
Aristolochia stahelii O.C. Schmidt
Aristolochia surinamensis Willd.
Aristolochia trilobata L.
Aristolochia weddellii Duch.
Aristolochia weddellii var. rondoniana Hoehne
GU
GU
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
AM
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
DA
SU
GU
FG
FG
AM
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aristolochia amesiana R.E. Schult. =Aristolochia silvatica
Aristolochia barbata Jacq. =Aristolochia rugosa
Aristolochia dictyantha var. schomburgkii (Klotzsch) Duch. =Aristolochia rugosa
Aristolochia dubia Hoehne =Aristolochia mossii
Aristolochia gabrielis Briq. =Aristolochia leprieurii
Aristolochia glaucescens Kunth [not in flora area]
Aristolochia longecaudata Mast. =Aristolochia weddellii var. rondoniana
Aristolochia macrophylla Duch. =Aristolochia iquitensis
Aristolochia macrota Duch. =Aristolochia surinamensis
Aristolochia platyloba Garcke =Aristolochia surinamensis
REFERENCES
Barringer, K.A., & G.A. González G. 1997. Aristolochiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 3: 122-129.
Feuillet, C. & O. Poncy. 1998. Aristolochiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn & M.J. Jansen-Jacobs, Flora of the Guianas (series A)
20: 1-34.
Feuillet, C. & O. Poncy. 2002. Aristolochiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 76 (2): 87-89.
Hoehne, F.C. 1942. Aristolochiaceas. In F.C. Hoehne, Flora Brasílica 14(2): 1-141.
Poncy, O. 1988. Quatre espèces nouvelles d’Aristolochia de Guyane française, et remarques nomenclaturales concernant une
espèce d’Aublet. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, sér. 4, 10 (sect. B), Adansonia 4: 337-344.
ASCLEPIADACEAE
G.N. Morillo
Asclepias curassavica L.
Asclepias fruticosa L.
Barjonia erecta (Vell.) K. Schum.
Blepharodon glaucescens (Decne.) Fontella
Blepharodon grandiflorus Benth.
Blepharodon grandiflorus subsp. crassifolius (Schltr.) Morillo
Blepharodon julianii Morillo [expected in GU]
Blepharodon maigualidae Morillo
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Blepharodon mucronatus (Schltdl.) Decne.
Blepharodon nitidus (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.
Blepharodon tillettii Morillo
Blepharodon ulei Schltr.
Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. [cultivated, naturalized]
Cryptostegia madagascariensis Bojer ex Decne. [escaped from cultivation?]
Cynanchum blandum (Decne.) Sundell
Cynanchum buntingii Morillo
Cynanchum chimantense Morillo
Cynanchum goertsianum Morillo [published as C. görtsianum]
Cynanchum guanchezii Morillo
Cynanchum hirtellum (Oliv.) V.M. Badillo
Cynanchum huberi Morillo
Cynanchum mirifolium (Gleason & Moldenke) R.W. Holm
Cynanchum montevidense Spreng.
Cynanchum neei Morillo
Cynanchum paraquense Morillo
Cynanchum parviflorum Sw.
Cynanchum prevostiae Morillo
Cynanchum sobradoi Morillo
Cynanchum stannardii Morillo
Cynanchum strictum R.W. Holm
Ditassa acerifolia Lasser & Maguire
Ditassa angustifolia Decne.
Ditassa auyantepuiensis (Steyerm.) Morillo
Ditassa ayangannensis Morillo
Ditassa bolivarensis (R.W. Holm) Morillo [expected in GU]
Ditassa carnevalii (Morillo) Morillo
Ditassa ciliata (Moldenke) Morillo
Ditassa colellae (Morillo) Morillo
Ditassa consanguinea Decne.
Ditassa duidae Gleason
Ditassa foldatsii Morillo
Ditassa franciscoi (Morillo) S. Liede
Ditassa gillespieae Morillo
Ditassa juliani (Morillo) Morillo
Ditassa liesneri Morillo
Ditassa lindemanii Morillo
Ditassa multinervia (Morillo) Morillo
Ditassa obovata (R.W. Holm) Morillo [expected in GU]
Ditassa olivaestevae Morillo
Ditassa ottohuberi Morillo
Ditassa pauciflora Decne.
Ditassa roraimensis Schltr.
Ditassa sipapoana Morillo
Ditassa surinamensis Morillo
Ditassa tatei Gleason & Moldenke
Ditassa taxifolia Decne.
Ditassa venamensis Morillo
Ditassa verticillata Morillo
Fischeria stellata (Vell.) E. Fourn.
Gonolobus aristolochioides Kunth
Gonolobus germanianus Morillo [expected in GU]
Gonolobus glaber Decne. [specimens not seen, status uncertain]
Gonolobus grandiflorus R. Br. [specimens not seen, status uncertain]
Gonolobus tobagensis Urb.
Macroditassa carolina Morillo [Mt. Roraima]
Macroditassa laurifolia (Decne.) Fontella
Marsdenia altissima (Jacq.) Dugand
Marsdenia gillespieae Morillo
Marsdenia guanchezii Morillo
Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) E. Fourn.
Marsdenia rubrofusca Benth. ex E. Fourn.
Marsdenia sprucei Rothe
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
209
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
SU
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
SU
AM
AM
AM
SU?
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
210
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Marsdenia undulata (Jacq.) Dugand
Marsdenia weddellii (E. Fourn.) Malme
Marsdenia xerohylica Dugand
Matelea amazonica Morillo
Matelea badilloi Morillo
Matelea bolivarensis Morillo
Matelea cayennensis Morillo
Matelea coriacea Morillo [expected in GU]
Matelea cremersii Morillo
Matelea cumanensis (Willd. ex Schult.) W.D. Stevens
Matelea delascioi Morillo
Matelea denticulata (Vahl) Fontella & E.A. Schwarz
Matelea fournieri Morillo
Matelea fucata Woodson
Matelea funkiana Morillo
Matelea glaziovii (E. Fourn.) Morillo
Matelea gracieae Morillo
Matelea grenandii Morillo
Matelea herbacea Woodson
Matelea hildegardiana Morillo
Matelea hirsuta (Vahl) Woodson
Matelea hoffmanii Morillo
Matelea holstii Morillo & Carnevali
Matelea jansen-jacobsiae Morillo
Matelea jenmanii (Morillo) Morillo
Matelea liesneri Morillo
Matelea lourteigiae Morillo
Matelea maritima (Jacq.) Woodson
Matelea neblinae Morillo
Matelea oldemanii Morillo
Matelea palustris Aubl.
Matelea planiflora (Jacq.) Dugand
Matelea riparia Morillo
Matelea sastrei Morillo
Matelea squiresii (Rusby) Morillo
Matelea stenopetala Sandwith
Matelea stergiosii Morillo
Matelea suareziae Morillo
Matelea surinamensis Morillo
Matelea yanomamica Morillo
Metalepis albiflora Urb.
Metalepis prevostiae Morillo
Nephradenia linearis Benth. ex E. Fourn.
Oxypetalum capitatum Mart.
Sarcostemma clausum (Jacq.) Schult.
Stenomeria decalepis Turcz.
Tassadia aristata (Benth. ex E. Fourn.) Fontella [expected in the Guianas]
Tassadia berteriana (Spreng.) W.D. Stevens
Tassadia castellanosii Fontella
Tassadia decaisneana Miq.
Tassadia guianensis Decne.
Tassadia ivonae Morillo
Tassadia kamaensis (Morillo) Morillo
Tassadia leptobotrys Decne.
Tassadia marahuacensis Morillo
Tassadia martiana Decne. [expected in the Guianas]
Tassadia medinae (Morillo) Morillo
Tassadia obovata Decne.
Tassadia ovalifolia (E. Fourn.) Fontella [expected in the Guianas]
Tassadia propinqua Decne. [expected in FG]
Tassadia trailiana (Benth.) Fontella
BO
SU
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
FG
FG
BO
FG
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
SU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
SU
AM
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
AM
AM
FG
BO
BO
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Asclepias altissima Jacq. =Marsdenia altissima
Asclepias clausa Jacq. =Sarcostemma clausum
BO
DA
GU
SU
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Asclepias gigantea L. =Calotropis gigantea
Asclepias macrophylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. =Marsdenia macrophylla
Asclepias planiflora Jacq. =Matelea planiflora
Asclepias undulata Jacq. =Marsdenia undulata
Astephanus mucronata Schltdl. =Blepharodon mucronatus
Blepharodon auyantepuiense Steyerm. =Blepharodon ulei
Blepharodon bifidus Schltr. =Blepharodon grandiflorus subsp. crassifolius
Blepharodon ciliatum Moldenke =Ditassa ciliata
Blepharodon crassifolius Schltr. =Blepharodon grandiflorus subsp. crassifolius
Blepharodon hitchcockii Gleason =Blepharodon ulei
Blepharodon steudelianum (Miq.) Pulle =Blepharodon nitidus
Blepharodon steyermarkii R.W. Holm =Blepharodon nitidus
Blepharodon venezuelense Moldenke =Blepharodon nitidus
Blepharodon viscidum R.W. Holm =Nephradenia linearis
Cynanchum acerifolium (Lasser & Maguire) Morillo =Ditassa acerifolia
Cynanchum altissimum (Jacq.) Jacq. =Marsdenia altissima
Cynanchum angustifolium (Decne.) Morillo =Ditassa angustifolia
Cynanchum apocynellum (Gleason & Moldenke) Spellman =Tassadia obovata
Cynanchum auyantepuiense Steyerm. =Ditassa auyantepuiensis
Cynanchum bolivarense R.W. Holm =Ditassa bolivarensis
Cynanchum carnevalii Morillo =Ditassa carnevalii
Cynanchum clausum (Jacq.) Jacq. =Sarcostemma clausum
Cynanchum colellae Morillo =Ditassa colellae
Cynanchum denticulatum Vahl =Matelea denticulata
Cynanchum duidae R.W. Holm =Ditassa ciliata
Cynanchum fimbriatum Kunth =Matelea cumanensis
Cynanchum franciscoi Morillo =Ditassa franciscoi
Cynanchum guianense Spreng. =Matelea denticulata
Cynanchum hirsutum Vahl =Matelea hirsuta
Cynanchum holmianum Steyerm. =Ditassa duidae
Cynanchum jenmanii Morillo =Matelea jenmanii
Cynanchum julianii Morillo =Ditassa juliani
Cynanchum kamaense Morillo =Tassadia kamaensis
Cynanchum maritimum Jacq. =Matelea maritima
Cynanchum medinae Morillo =Tassadia medinae
Cynanchum multinervium Morillo =Ditassa multinervia
Cynanchum nitidum Vell. =Blepharodon nitidus
Cynanchum obovatum R.W. Holm =Ditassa obovata
Cynanchum planiflorum Jacq. =Matelea planiflora
Cynanchum recurvum (Rusby) Spellman =Tassadia obovata
Cynanchum revolutum R.W. Holm =Cynanchum hirtellum
Cynanchum roraimense (Schlltr.) Morillo =Ditassa roraimensis
Cynanchum stellatum Vell. =Fischeria stellata
Cynanchum stenolobum (Decne.) Morillo =Tassadia berteriana
Cynanchum tatei (Gleason & Moldenke) R.W. Holm =Ditassa tatei
Cynanchum taxifolium (Decne.) R.W. Holm =Ditassa taxifolia
Cynanchum tepuiense Morillo =Ditassa ciliata
Cynanchum undulatum (Jacq.) Jacq. =Marsdenia undulata
Cynanchum viridiflorum G. Mey. =Matelea denticulata
Ditassa aristata Benth. ex E. Fourn. =Tassadia aristata
Ditassa blepharodontoides Schltr. =Blepharodon glaucescens
Ditassa glaucescens Decne. =Blepharodon glaucescens
Esmeraldia stricta E. Fourn. =Cynanchum strictum
Fischeria calycina Decne. =Fischeria stellata
Fischeria subaequalis S.F. Blake =Fischeria stellata
Funastrum clausum (Jacq.) Schltr. =Sarcostemma clausum
Glaziostelma ovalifolium E. Fourn. =Tassadia ovalifolia
Gonolobus adenophorus Suess. =Matelea planiflora
Gonolobus ligustrinus Decne. [not in flora area]
Gonolobus maritimus (Jacq.) R. Br. =Matelea maritima
Gonolobus riparius Kunth [not in flora area]
Gonolobus squiresii Rusby =Matelea squiresii
Gonolobus surinamensis Jonker =Matelea lourteigiae
Gonolobus viridiflorus (G. Mey.) Schult. =Matelea denticulata
211
212
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ibatia albiflora H. Karst. =Matelea cumanensis
Ibatia maritima (Jacq.) Decne. =Matelea maritima
Macroscepis hirsuta (Vahl) Schltr. =Matelea hirsuta
Macroscepis trianae Decne. ex Triana =Matelea hirsuta
Madarosperma trailiana Benth. =Tassadia trailiana
Marsdenia amazonica Morillo =Marsdenia sprucei
Marsdenia caurensis Morillo =Marsdenia altissima
Marsdenia maculata Hook. =Marsdenia macrophylla
Marsdenia margaritaria R.C. Foster =Marsdenia undulata
Marsdenia mollissima E. Fourn. =Marsdenia altissima
Matelea albiflora (H. Karst.) Dugand =Matelea cumanensis
Matelea fimbriata (Kunth) Dugand =Matelea cumanensis
Matelea latifolia Aubl. =Matelea palustris
Matelea mediocris Woodson =Matelea squiresii
Matelea trianae (Decne. ex Triana) Spellman =Matelea hirsuta
Matelea viridiflora (G. Mey.) Woodson =Matelea denticulata
Meresaldia stricta (E. Fourn.) Bullock =Cynanchum strictum
Metastelma berterianum (Spreng.) Decne. =Tassadia berteriana
Metastelma brasiliense K. Schum. [not in flora area]
Metastelma campanulatum Decne. =Cynanchum parviflorum
Metastelma decaisneana Benth. & Hook. =Tassadia decaisneana
Metastelma mirifolium Gleason & Moldenke =Cynanchum mirifolium
Metastelma paraquense (Morillo) Liede =Cynanchum paraquense
Metastelma parviflorum (Sw.) R. Br. ex Schult. =Cynanchum parviflorum
Metastelma stenolobum Decne. =Tassadia berteriana
Metastelma steudelianum Miq. =Blepharodon nitidus
Metastelma strictum (E. Fourn.) Spruce ex Knuth =Cynanchum strictum
Metastelma strictum Gleason & Moldenke =Cynanchum strictum
Oxypetalum berterianum Spreng. =Tassadia berteriana
Roulinia blanda Decne. =Cynanchum blandum
Roulinia voglii Suess. =Cynanchum montevidense
Rouliniella guianensis (Decne.) Jonker =Cynanchum blandum
Sarcostemma cumanense Kunth =Sarcostemma clausum
Sarcostemma pubescens Kunth =Sarcostemma clausum
Stephanotella killipii Woodson =Marsdenia rubrofusca
Tassadia angustifolia Malme =Tassadia propinqua
Tassadia apocynella Gleason & Moldenke =Tassadia obovata
Tassadia recurva Rusby =Tassadia obovata
Telminostelma corymbosum (Decne.) Fontella & Schwarz =Cynanchum blandum
Vincetoxicum hirtellum Oliv. =Cynanchum hirtellum
REFERENCES
Fontella Pereira, J. 1977. Revisao taxonômica do gênero Tassadia Decaisne. Arq. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 235-392.
Jonker, F.P. 1940. Asclepiadaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(2): 326-352.
Morillo, G. 1986. Asclepiadaceae II. Especies nuevas o interesantes en Venezuela y Guyana. Ernstia 37: 1-13.
Morillo, G. 1988. Asclepiadaceae III, one new species and four new records. Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wet. ser. C, 91(2): 161-164.
Morillo, G. 1989. Contribución al conocimiento de las Asclepiadaceae suramericanas, principalmente de las Guayanas. Ernstia
51: 2-15.
Morillo, G. 1989. Veinte Asclepiadaceae sudamericanas nuevas para la ciencia y una nueva combinación. An. Jard. Bot. Madrid
47(2): 349-359.
Morillo, G. 1991. Once Asclepiadaceae suramericanas nuevas para la ciencia. Ernstia 1(3): 109-120.
Morillo, G. 1993. Asclepiadaceae nuevas o interesantes de Venezuela y Guyana. Ernstia 3(2): 61-70.Morillo, G. 1994. Seis
Asclepiadaceae Sudamericanas nuevas para la ciencia. Ernstia 4(1-2): 3-10.
Morillo, G.N. 1997. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 129-177.
Morillo, G. 1988. Asclepiadaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
89-94.
BALANOPHORACEAE
B. Hansen, J.S. Miller
Helosis cayennensis (Sw.) Spreng.
Helosis cayennensis var. cayennensis
Langsdorffia hypogaea Mart.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
213
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Caldasia brasiliensis (Schott & Endl.) Kuntze =Helosis cayennensis
Caldasia cayennensis (Sw.) Mutis ex Steud. =Helosis cayennensis
Cynomorium cayennense Sw. =Helosis cayennensis
Helosis brasiliensis Schott & Endl. =Helosis cayennensis
Helosis guyanensis Rich. [nom. illeg. superfl.] =Helosis cayennensis
Langsdorffia rubiginosa Wedd. =Langsdorffia hypogaea
REFERENCES
Gracie, C.A. 2002. Balanophoraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 116.
Hansen, B. 1980. Balanophoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 23: 1-80.
Hansen, B. 1993. Balanophoraceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 14: 40-43.
Lanjouw, J. 1932. Balanophoraceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 45-46.
Miller, J.S. 1997. Balanophoraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 393-395.
BALSAMINACEAE
Impatiens balsamina L. [probably escaped from cultivation]
GU
BASELLACEAE
R.A. DeFilipps†, J.A. Steyermark†
Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) C.F. Gaertn. [probably escaped from cultivation in AM
FG]
Basella alba L. [cultivated & naturalized]
BO
FG
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Anredera leptostachys (Moq.) Steenis =Anredera vesicaria
Basella rubra L. =Basella alba
Boussingaultia leptostachya Moq. =Anredera vesicaria
Boussingaultia leptostachys Moq. =Anredera vesicaria
REFERENCES
Sperling, C.R. 1987. Systematics of the Basellaceae. Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University. U.M.I. Dissertation Information
Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Steyermark, J.A. 1997. Basellaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 395-397.
BATACEAE
Batis maritima L.
GU
SU
FG?
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Jonker, F.P. 1953. Batidaceae. In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 91-93.
BEGONIACEAE
J.C. Lindeman, J.A. Steyermark†, D. Wasshausen
Begonia fischeri Schrank
Begonia fuchsioides Hook.
Begonia glabra Aubl.
Begonia guaduensis Kunth
Begonia heloisana Brade
Begonia hirsuta Aubl.
Begonia humilis Dryand.
Begonia jenmanii Tutin
Begonia meridensis A. DC.
Begonia nubicola L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Begonia prieurii A. DC.
Begonia semiovata Liebm.
Begonia steyermarkii L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.
Begonia ulmifolia Willd.
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
GU
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
214
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Begonia diffusa L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub. [not in flora area]
Begonia filipes Benth. [not in flora area]
Begonia guyanensis A. DC. =Begonia semiovata
Begonia hirtella Link [not in flora area]
Begonia kaietukensis Tutin =Begonia fischeri
Begonia kvistii L.B. Sm. [nomen nudum] =Begonia jenmanii
Begonia roraimensis Tutin =Begonia fischeri
Begonia scandens Sw. =Begonia glabra
Begonia tovarensis Klotzsch =Begonia fischeri
REFERENCES
Heald, S.V. 2002. Begoniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
117-118.
Lindeman, J.C. 1984. Begoniaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 576-584.
Smith, L.B., D.C. Wasshausen, J. Golding, & C.E. Karegeannes. 1986. Begoniaceae (illustrated key and annotated species list).
Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 60: 1-584.
Smith, L and D. Wasshausen. 1989. Begoniaceae. Flora de Venezuela 4(1): 5-68
Steyermark, J.A. 1997. Begoniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 397-403.
BIGNONIACEAE
A.H. Gentry†, S.O. Grose
Adenocalymna apurense (Kunth) Sandwith
Adenocalymna impressum (Rusby) Sandwith
Adenocalymna inundatum Mart. ex DC.
Adenocalymna inundatum var. surinamense Bureau & K. Schum.
Adenocalymna prancei A.H. Gentry
Adenocalymna purpurascens Rusby
Adenocalymna saulense A.H. Gentry
Adenocalymna subincanum Huber
Amphilophium aschersonii Ule
Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth
Amphilophium paniculatum var. imatacense A.H. Gentry
Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.
Amphilophium paniculatum var. paniculatum
Anemopaegma alatum A.H. Gentry
Anemopaegma cf. brevipes S. Moore
Anemopaegma chamberlaynii (Sims) Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma chrysoleucum (Kunth) Sandwith
Anemopaegma floridum Mart. ex DC.
Anemopaegma foetidum Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma granvillei A.H. Gentry
Anemopaegma ionanthum A.H. Gentry
Anemopaegma jucundum Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma karstenii Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma longidens DC.
Anemopaegma maguirei Sandwith
Anemopaegma oligoneuron (Sprague & Sandwith) A.H. Gentry
Anemopaegma paraense Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma parkeri Sprague
Anemopaegma patelliforme A.H. Gentry
Anemopaegma robustum Bureau & K. Schum.
Anemopaegma salicifolium (Kunth) Sandwith
Arrabidaea arthrerion (DC.) Bureau ex K. Schum.
Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith
Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau
Arrabidaea candicans (Rich.) DC.
Arrabidaea carichanensis (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea chica (Bonpl.) B. Verl.
Arrabidaea cinerea Bureau ex K. Schum.
Arrabidaea cinerea var. cinerea
Arrabidaea cinerea var. longipila Sandwith
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU?
GU
GU
DA
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
DA
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU?
GU
GU?
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU?
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU?
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU?
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Arrabidaea cinnamomea (DC.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea conjugata (Vell.) Mart.
Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea egensis Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea fanshawei Sandwith
Arrabidaea florida DC.
Arrabidaea grosourdyana (Baill.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea inaequalis (DC. ex Splitg.) K. Schum.
Arrabidaea japurensis (DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea lachnaea (Bureau ex Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea mollis (Vahl) Bureau ex K. Schum.
Arrabidaea mollissima (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea nigrescens Sandwith
Arrabidaea oligantha Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea oxycarpa Urb.
Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea prancei A.H. Gentry [Sierra de la Neblina]
Arrabidaea pubescens (L.) A.H. Gentry
Arrabidaea revillae A.H. Gentry
Arrabidaea selloi (Spreng.) Sandwith
Arrabidaea spicata Bureau & K. Schum.
Arrabidaea trailii Sprague
Arrabidaea triplinervia (Mart. ex DC.) Baill. ex Bureau
Arrabidaea tuberculata DC.
Callichlamys latifolia (Rich.) K. Schum.
Ceratophytum tetragonolobum (Jacq.) Sprague & Sandwith
Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith
Clytostoma sciuripabulum Bureau & K. Schum.
Crescentia amazonica Ducke
Crescentia cujete L. [cultivated only?]
Cuspidaria subincana A.H. Gentry
Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart. ex DC.
Cydista aequinoctialis (L.) Miers
Cydista lilacina A.H. Gentry
Digomphia ceratophora A.H. Gentry
Digomphia densicoma (Mart. ex DC.) Pilg.
Digomphia laurifolia Benth.
Distictella arenaria A.H. Gentry
Distictella cremersii A.H. Gentry
Distictella cuneifolia (DC.) Sandwith
Distictella dasytricha Sandwith
Distictella elongata (Vahl) Urb.
Distictella laevis (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry
Distictella magnoliifolia (Kunth) Sandwith
Distictella monophylla Sandwith
Distictella obovata Sandwith
Distictella parkeri (DC.) Sprague & Sandwith
Distictella pauciflora A.H. Gentry
Distictella porphyrotricha Sandwith
Distictis granulosa Bureau & K. Schum.
Distictis pulverulenta (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry
Godmania aesculifolia (Kunth) Standl.
Haplolophium rodriguesii A.H. Gentry
Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don
Jacaranda copaia subsp. copaia
Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis (Mart. ex DC.) A.H. Gentry
Jacaranda duckei Vattimo
Jacaranda obtusifolia Bonpl.
Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. obtusifolia
Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia (G. Mey.) A.H. Gentry
Jacaranda orinocensis Sandwith
Lundia corymbifera (Vahl) Sandwith
Lundia densiflora DC.
Lundia erionema DC.
AM
215
BO
SU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
DA
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
AM
AM
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG?
SU?
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
216
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lundia puberula Pittier
Macfadyena uncata (T.F. Andrews) Sprague & Sandwith
Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry
Manaosella cordifolia (DC.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa hymenaea (DC.) A.H. Gentry [cultivated, escaping?]
Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa kerere var. incarnata (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa kerere var. kerere
Mansoa onohualcoides A.H. Gentry
Mansoa sp. nov. aff. standleyi
Mansoa standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H. Gentry
Martinella iquitosensis A. Samp.
Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.
Melloa quadrivalvis (Jacq.) A.H. Gentry
Memora alba (Aubl.) Miers
Memora bracteosa (DC.) Bureau ex K. Schum.
Memora cladotricha Sandwith
Memora flavida (DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Memora flaviflora (Miq.) Pulle
Memora heterophylla (Kraenzl.) Sandwith
Memora moringifolia (DC.) Sandwith
Memora patula Miers
Memora pseudopatula A.H. Gentry
Memora racemosa A.H. Gentry
Memora schomburgkii (DC.) Miers
Memora tanaeciicarpa A.H. Gentry
Mussatia hyacinthina (Standl.) Sandwith
Mussatia prieurei (DC.) Bureau ex K. Schum.
Parabignonia steyermarkii Sandwith
Paragonia pyramidata (Rich.) Bureau
Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Bureau ex K. Schum.
Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry
Pleonotoma albiflora (Salzm. ex DC.) A.H. Gentry
Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers
Pleonotoma dendrotricha Sandwith
Pleonotoma echitidea Sprague & Sandwith
Pleonotoma exserta A.H. Gentry
Pleonotoma jasminifolia (Kunth) Miers
Pleonotoma moringifolia (DC.) Miers [unverified name]
Pleonotoma variabilis (Jacq.) Miers
Potamoganos microcalyx (G. Mey.) Sandwith
Pseudocalymma sagotii (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith [unverified name]
Pyrostegia dichotoma Miers ex K. Schum.
Roentgenia sordida (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith
Schlegelia fuscata A.H. Gentry
Schlegelia macrophylla Ducke
Schlegelia paraensis Ducke
Schlegelia parviflora (Oerst.) Monach.
Schlegelia roseiflora Ducke
Schlegelia scandens (Briq. & Spruce) Sandwith
Schlegelia spruceana K. Schum.
Schlegelia violacea (Aubl.) Griseb.
Sparattosperma leucanthum (Vell.) K. Schum.
Stizophyllum inaequilaterum Bureau & K. Schum.
Stizophyllum riparium (Kunth) Sandwith
Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook. f. ex S. Moore
Tabebuia barbata (E. Mey.) Sandwith
Tabebuia capitata (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith
Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson [cultivated?]
Tabebuia donnell-smithii Rose
Tabebuia fluviatilis (Aubl.) DC.
Tabebuia guayacan (Seem.) Hemsl.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
SU
SU
BO
BO
AM
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
BO
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
DA
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex DC.) Standl.
Tabebuia insignis (Miq.) Sandwith
Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Tabebuia insignis var. monophylla Sandwith
Tabebuia insignis var. pacimonensis Sandwith
Tabebuia obscura (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith
Tabebuia ochracea (Cham.) Standl.
Tabebuia ochracea subsp. heterotricha (DC.) A.H. Gentry
Tabebuia ochracea subsp. neochrysantha (A.H. Gentry) A.H. Gentry
Tabebuia orinocensis (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry
Tabebuia pilosa A.H. Gentry
Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. [cultivated]
Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) G. Nicholson
Tabebuia sp. A
Tabebuia stenocalyx Sprague & Stapf
Tabebuia subtilis Sprague & Sandwith
Tabebuia uleana (Kraenzl.) A.H. Gentry
Tanaecium jaroba Sw.
Tanaecium nocturnum (Barb. Rodr.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth [cultivated?]
Tynanthus polyanthus (Bureau) Sandwith
Tynanthus pubescens A.H. Gentry
Tynanthus sastrei A.H. Gentry
Xylophragma seemannianum (Kuntze) Sandwith
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
217
DA
DA
DA
DA
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
FG?
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Adenocalymna bilabiatum (Sprague) Sandwith =Arrabidaea bilabiata
Adenocalymna heterophyllum Kraenzl. =Memora heterophylla
Adenocalymna sagotii Bureau & K. Schum. =Pseudocalymma sagotii
Adenocalymna symmetricum Rusby =Mansoa kerere
Amphilophium molle Schltdl. & Cham. =Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle
Anemopaegma carrerense Arm. =Anemopaegma karstenii
Anomoctenium granulosum (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith =Distictis granulosa
Arrabidaea obliqua (Kunth) Bureau =Arrabidaea corallina
Arrabidaea sordida Bureau & K. Schum. =Roentgenia sordida
Bignonia aequinoctialis L. =Cydista aequinoctialis
Bignonia aesculifolia Kunth =Godmania aesculifolia
Bignonia alba Aubl. =Memora alba
Bignonia albiflora Salzm. ex DC. =Pleonotoma albiflora
Bignonia alliacea Lam. =Mansoa alliacea
Bignonia apurensis Kunth =Adenocalymna apurense
Bignonia aquatilis E. Mey. =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Bignonia aurea Silva Manso =Tabebuia aurea
Bignonia barbata E. Mey. =Tabebuia barbata
Bignonia binata Thunb. =Clytostoma binatum
Bignonia brachypoda DC. =Arrabidaea brachypoda
Bignonia candicans Rich. =Arrabidaea candicans
Bignonia carichanensis Kunth =Arrabidaea carichanensis
Bignonia chamberlaynii Sims =Anemopaegma chamberlaynii
Bignonia chica Bonpl. =Arrabidaea chica
Bignonia chrysantha Jacq. =Tabebuia chrysantha
Bignonia chrysoleuca Kunth =Anemopaegma chrysoleucum
Bignonia cinnamomea DC. =Arrabidaea cinnamomea
Bignonia clematis Kunth =Pleonotoma clematis
Bignonia copaia Aubl. =Jacaranda copaia
Bignonia corallina Jacq. =Arrabidaea corallina
Bignonia cordifolia DC. =Manaosella cordifolia
Bignonia corymbifera Vahl =Lundia corymbifera
Bignonia crucigera L. =Pithecoctenium crucigerum
Bignonia digitata E. Mey. =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Bignonia echinata Aubl. =Pithecoctenium crucigerum
Bignonia echinatum Jacq. =Pithecoctenium crucigerum
Bignonia elongata Vahl =Distictella elongata
Bignonia filicifolia Anderson =Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia
GU
BO
DA
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
218
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Bignonia fluviatilis Aubl. =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Bignonia heterotricha DC. =Tabebuia ochracea subsp. heterotricha
Bignonia impressa Rusby =Adenocalymna impressum
Bignonia inaequalis DC. ex Splitg. =Arrabidaea inaequalis
Bignonia incarnata Aubl. =Mansoa kerere var. incarnata
Bignonia jasminifolia Kunth =Pleonotoma jasminifolia
Bignonia kerere Aubl. =Mansoa kerere
Bignonia latifolia Rich. =Callichlamys latifolia
Bignonia leucantha Vell. =Sparattosperma leucanthum
Bignonia magnoliifolia Kunth =Distictella magnoliifolia
Bignonia martinii DC. =Martinella obovata
Bignonia microcalyx G. Mey. =Potamoganos microcalyx
Bignonia mollis Vahl =Arrabidaea mollis
Bignonia mollissima Kunth =Arrabidaea mollissima
Bignonia moringaefolia DC. =Pleonotoma moringifolia
Bignonia paniculata L. =Amphilophium paniculatum
Bignonia patellifera Schltdl. =Arrabidaea patellifera
Bignonia picta Kunth =Cydista aequinoctialis
Bignonia populifolia DC. =Melloa quadrivalvis
Bignonia prieurei DC. =Mussatia prieurei
Bignonia pubescens L. =Arrabidaea pubescens
Bignonia pyramidata Rich. =Paragonia pyramidata
Bignonia quadrivalvis Jacq. =Melloa quadrivalvis
Bignonia riparia Kunth =Stizophyllum riparium
Bignonia salicifolia Kunth =Anemopaegma salicifolium
Bignonia selloi Spreng. =Arrabidaea selloi
Bignonia serratifolia Vahl =Tabebuia serratifolia
Bignonia tetragonoloba Jacq. =Ceratophytum tetragonolobum
Bignonia tiliaefolia Kunth =Pithecoctenium crucigerum
Bignonia tinctoria Arruda ? =Arrabidaea chica
Bignonia uncata Andrews =Macfadyena uncata
Bignonia unguis-cati L. =Macfadyena unguis-cati
Bignonia variabilis Jacq. =Pleonotoma variabilis
Bignonia verrucifera Schltdl. =Mansoa verrucifera
Bignonia verrucosa Kunth =Arrabidaea carichanensis
Callichlamys riparia Miq. =Callichlamys latifolia
Ceratophytum tobagense (Urb.) Sprague & Sandwith =Ceratophytum tetragonolobum
Cremastus lachnaeus Bureau ex Bureau & K. Schum. =Arrabidaea lachnaea
Cybistax donnell-smithii (Rose) Seib. =Tabebuia donnell-smithii
Cybistax millsii Miranda =Tabebuia donnell-smithii
Distictella monophylla var. laevis Sandwith =Distictella laevis
Distictella pulverulenta Sandwith =Distictis pulverulenta
Distictella racemosa (Bureau & K. Schum.) Urb. =Distictella magnoliifolia
Distictis robinsonii J. Johnst. =Anemopaegma karstenii
Handroanthus durus (Bureau ex K. Schum.) Mattos =Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Jacaranda densicoma Mart. ex A. DC. =Digomphia densicoma
Jacaranda filicifolia D. Don =Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia
Jacaranda filicifolia var. puberula K. Schum. =Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia
Jacaranda obtusifolia var. rhombifolia (G. Mey.) Sandwith =Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia
Jacaranda paraensis (Huber) Vattimo =Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis
Jacaranda rhombifolia G. Mey. =Jacaranda obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia
Jacaranda spectabilis Mart. ex DC. =Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis
Jacaranda superba Pittier =Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis
Lundia stricta Bureau & K. Schum. =Lundia densiflora
Martinella insculpta Sprague & Sandwith =Martinella obovata
Martinella manaosiana A. Samp. =Martinella iquitosensis
Melloa populifolia (DC.) Britton =Melloa quadrivalvis
Memora bilabiata Sprague =Arrabidaea bilabiata
Memora ovata (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith =Memora schomburgkii
Pachyptera alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry =Mansoa alliacea
Pachyptera kerere (Aubl.) Sandwith =Mansoa kerere
Pachyptera kerere var. incarnata (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry =Mansoa kerere var. incarnata
Pachyptera standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H. Gentry =Mansoa standleyi
Paramansoa grosourdyana Baill. =Arrabidaea grosourdyana
Petastoma kerere (Aubl.) Schnee =Mansoa kerere
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
219
Petastoma patelliferum (Schltdl.) Miers =Arrabidaea patellifera
Pithecoctenium echinatum (Jacq.) Baill. =Pithecoctenium crucigerum
Pithecoctenium granulosum (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith =Distictis granulosa
Pithecoctenium uleanum Kraenzl. =Distictis granulosa
Pseudocalymma alliaceum (Lam.) Sandwith =Mansoa alliacea
Pseudocalymma alliaceum var. macrocalyx Sandwith =Mansoa standleyi
Pseudocalymma standleyi Steyerm. =Mansoa standleyi
Pseudopaegma oligoneuron Sprague & Sandwith =Anemopaegma oligoneuron
Roentgenia tuberculata Sprague & Sandwith [name of uncertain application, apparently a nomen nudum]
Saldanhaea seemanniana Kuntze =Xylophragma seemannianum
Schizopsis polyantha Bureau =Tynanthus polyanthus
Schlegelia lilacina Miq. =Schlegelia violacea
Schlegelia parasitica (Sw.) Miers ex Griseb. [not in flora area]
Spathodea ? bracteosa DC. =Memora bracteosa
Spathodea corymbosa Vent. =Phryganocydia corymbosa
Spathodea flaviflora Miq. =Memora flaviflora
Spathodea obovata Kunth =Martinella obovata
Spathodea orinocensis Kunth =Phryganocydia corymbosa
Spathodea schomburgkii DC. =Memora schomburgkii
Tabebuia aquatilis (E. Mey.) Sprague & Sandwith =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bureau =Tabebuia aurea
Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart. ex DC.) Standl. [not in flora area]
Tabebuia dura (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith =Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Tabebuia floccosa (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith =Xylophragma seemannianum
Tabebuia glomerata Urb. =Tabebuia capitata
Tabebuia hypolepra Sprague & Sandwith =Tabebuia capitata
Tabebuia insignis var. orinocensis Sandwith =Tabebuia orinocensis
Tabebuia ipe var. integra (Sprague) Sandwith =Tabebuia impetiginosa
Tabebuia japurensis DC. =Arrabidaea japurensis
Tabebuia latifolia DC. =Martinella obovata
Tabebuia longipes Baker =Tabebuia insignis var. monophylla
Tabebuia millsii (Miranda) A.H. Gentry =Tabebuia donnell-smithii
Tabebuia moritziana (Kraenzl.) Schnee =Arrabidaea grosourdyana
Tabebuia neochrysantha A.H. Gentry =Tabebuia ochracea subsp. neochrysantha
Tabebuia neurophylla Miq. =Arrabidaea patellifera
Tabebuia obscura var. schultesiana (Sandwith) Sandwith =Tabebuia obscura
Tabebuia roraimae Oliv. =Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Tabebuia rufescens J. Johnst. =Tabebuia chrysantha
Tabebuia rufinervis Hoffmanns. ex DC. =Callichlamys latifolia
Tabebuia subtilis var. schultesiana Sandwith =Tabebuia obscura
Tanaecium praelongum Miers =Tanaecium jaroba
Tecoma capitata Bureau & K. Schum. =Tabebuia capitata
Tecoma conspicua DC. =Tabebuia serratifolia
Tecoma dura Bureau ex K. Schum. =Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Tecoma fluviatilis (Aubl.) Miq. =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Tecoma guayacan Seem. =Tabebuia guayacan
Tecoma heterotricha DC. =Tabebuia ochracea subsp. heterotricha
Tecoma impetiginosa Mart. ex DC. =Tabebuia impetiginosa
Tecoma insignis Miq. =Tabebuia insignis
Tecoma meyeriana DC. =Tabebuia fluviatilis
Tecoma moritziana Kraenzl. =Arrabidaea grosourdyana
Tecoma obscura Bureau & K. Schum. =Tabebuia obscura
Tecoma ochracea Cham. =Tabebuia ochracea
Tecoma patrisiana DC. =Tabebuia serratifolia
Tecoma roraimae (Oliv.) K. Schum. =Tabebuia insignis var. insignis
Tecoma serratifolia (Vahl) G. Don =Tabebuia serratifolia
Tecoma uleana Kraenzl. =Tabebuia uleana
Tetrastichella inaequalis (DC. ex Splitg.) Pichon =Arrabidaea inaequalis
Tynanthus hyacinthinus Standl. =Mussatia hyacinthina
Tynanthus myrianthus Bureau & K. Schum. =Tynanthus polyanthus
Zeyheria surinamensis Miq. =Paragonia pyramidata
REFERENCES
Gentry, A.H. 1978. Bignoniaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, 1978. Botany of the Guayana Highland part 10. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 29: 245-283.
220
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Gentry, A.H. 1980. Bignoniaceae - Part I (Crescentieae and Tourretieae). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 25(I): 1-130.
Gentry, A.H. 1982. Bignoniaceae. In Z. Luces de Febres, Flora de Venezuela 8: 1-462.
Gentry, A.H. 1992. Bignoniaceae - Part II (Tribe Tecomeae). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 25(II): 1-335.
Gentry, A.H. 1997. Bignoniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 403-491.
Lohmann, L.G, J.L. Brown, & S.A. Mori. 2002. Bignoniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V.
Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 118-139.
Sandwith, N.Y. 1938. Bignoniaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(2): 1-86.
BIXACEAE
B.K. Holst, J.A. Steyermark†
Bixa orellana L.
Bixa urucurana Willd. [=Bixa orellana?]
Cochlospermum orinocense (Kunth) Steud.
Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bixa orellana var. urucurana (Willd.) Kuntze ex Pilg. =Bixa urucurana
Cochlospermum insigne A. St.-Hil. [not in flora area] =Cochlospermum regium (Schr.) Pilger
Cochlospermum parkeri Planch. =Cochlospermum orinocense
Cochlospermum parviifolium Planch. =Cochlospermum orinocense
Cochlospermum triphyllum (S.F. Blake) Pittier =Cochlospermum vitifolium
Cochlospermum wentii Pulle =Cochlospermum orinocense
Maximilianea triphylla S.F. Blake =Cochlospermum vitifolium
Orellana americana var. urucurana Kuntze =Bixa urucurana
REFERENCES
Heald, S.V. 2002. Bixaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 139.
Poppendieck, H.H. 1981. Cochlospermaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 27: 1-33.
Steyermark, J.A., & B.K. Holst. 1997. Bixaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
3: 492-495.
BOMBACACEAE
W.S. Alverson, L.J. Dorr, J.A. Steyermark†
Bombacopsis nervosa (Uittien) A. Robyns
Catostemma altsonii Sandwith
Catostemma commune Sandwith
Catostemma durifolius W.S. Alverson
Catostemma ebracteolatum Steyerm.
Catostemma fragrans Benth.
Catostemma hirsutulum Steyerm.
Catostemma marahuacense Steyerm.
Catostemma sancarlosianum Steyerm.
Cavanillesia sp. A
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.
Eriotheca crassa (Uittien) A. Robyns
Eriotheca globosa (Aubl.) A. Robyns
Eriotheca longitubulosa A. Robyns
Eriotheca surinamensis (Uittien) A. Robyns
Huberodendron swietenioides (Gleason) Ducke
Matisia amplifolia Pittier
Matisia ochrocalyx K. Schum.
Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Pachira amazonica (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Pachira aracamuniana (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira coriacea (Mart.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira cowanii (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira dolichocalyx A. Robyns
Pachira faroensis (Ducke) W.S. Alverson
Pachira flaviflora (Pulle) Fern. Alonso
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
DA
GU
BO
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
FG
AM
GU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pachira fuscolepidota (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira gracilis (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira gracilis subsp. bolivarensis (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira gracilis subsp. gracilis
Pachira humilis Spruce ex Decne.
Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny
Pachira liesneri (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira macrocalyx (Ducke) Fern. Alonso
Pachira mawarinumae (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira minor (Sims) Hemsl. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Pachira nitida Kunth
Pachira obovata (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson [Sierra de la Neblina]
Pachira orinocensis (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira paraensis (Ducke) W.S. Alverson
Pachira pseudofaroensis (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira quinata (Jacq.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira robynsii (Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens) W.S. Alverson [Sierra de la
Neblina]
Pachira rupicola (A. Robyns) W.S. Alverson
Pachira sordida (R.E. Schult.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira tepuiensis (Steyerm.) W.S. Alverson
Pachira trinitensis Urb.
Pachira yapacanae Steyerm. ex W.S. Alverson
Pseudobombax croizatii A. Robyns
Quararibea amazonica Ulbr.
Quararibea duckei Huber
Quararibea guianensis Aubl.
Quararibea lasiocalyx (K. Schum.) Vischer
Quararibea spatulata Ducke
Scleronema guianense Sandwith
Scleronema micranthum (Ducke) Ducke [Sierra de la Neblina]
AM
AM
221
BO
BO
AM
AM
GU
SU
FG
AM
FG?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
BO
BO
GU
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bombacopsis amazonica A. Robyns =Pachira amazonica
Bombacopsis coriacea A. Robyns =Pachira robynsii
Bombacopsis cowanii A. Robyns =Pachira cowanii
Bombacopsis fendleri (Seem.) Pittier =Pachira quinata
Bombacopsis jaris Pittier [nomen nudum] =Pachira quinata
Bombacopsis jenmanii (Oliv.) Lasser =Pachira minor
Bombacopsis macrocalyx (Ducke) A. Robyns =Pachira macrocalyx
Bombacopsis mucronulata Pittier =Pachira trinitensis
Bombacopsis obovata A. Robyns =Pachira obovata
Bombacopsis orinocensis A. Robyns =Pachira orinocensis
Bombacopsis pachiroides auct. non Pittier: sensu Ll. Williams =Pachira quinata
Bombacopsis pachiroides auct. non Pittier: Ll. Williams =Pachira rupicola
Bombacopsis pachiroides Pittier =Pachira trinitensis
Bombacopsis paraensis (Ducke) A. Robyns =Pachira paraensis
Bombacopsis pseudamazonica A. Robyns =Pachira amazonica
Bombacopsis quinata (Jacq.) Dugand =Pachira quinata
Bombacopsis rupicola A. Robyns =Pachira rupicola
Bombacopsis sepium Pittier =Pachira quinata
Bombacopsis trinitensis (Urb.) A. Robyns =Pachira trinitensis
Bombacopsis trinitensis var. mucronulata (Pittier) A. Robyns =Pachira trinitensis
Bombacopsis wurdackii A. Robyns =Pachira amazonica
Bombax aquaticum (Aubl.) K. Schum. =Pachira aquatica
Bombax coriaceum Mart. =Pachira coriacea
Bombax crassum Uittien =Eriotheca crassa
Bombax faroense Ducke =Pachira faroensis
Bombax flaviflorum Pulle =Pachira flaviflora
Bombax globosum Aubl. =Eriotheca globosa
Bombax humile (Spruce ex Decne.) Benth. ex K. Schum. =Pachira humilis
Bombax jenmanii Oliv. =Pachira minor
Bombax macrocarpum (Schltdl. & Cham.) K. Schum. =Pachira aquatica
Bombax minus (Sims) Ducke =Pachira minor
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
222
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Bombax nervosum Uittien =Bombacopsis nervosa
Bombax orinocense Kunth (Bixaceae) =Cochlospermum orinocense
Bombax paraense Ducke =Pachira paraensis
Bombax pentandrum L. =Ceiba pentandra
Bombax poissonianum K. Schum. =Pachira nitida
Bombax pyramidale Cav. ex Lam. =Ochroma pyramidale
Bombax quinatum Jacq. =Pachira quinata
Bombax rigidifolium Ducke =Pachira aquatica
Bombax sordidum R.E. Schult. =Pachira sordida
Bombax spectabile Ulbr. =Pachira insignis
Bombax surinamense Uittien =Eriotheca surinamensis
Bombax vitifolium Willd. (Bixaceae) =Cochlospermum vitifolium
Carolinea macrocarpa Schltdl. & Cham. =Pachira aquatica
Carolinea minor Sims =Pachira minor
Catostemma clarkii Steyerm. =Catostemma sancarlosianum
Catostemma macrosperma (Sagot) Lemée =Catostemma fragrans
Catostemma micranthum Ducke =Scleronema micranthum
Catostemma pubistylum Steyerm. =Catostemma sancarlosianum
Ceiba occidentalis (Spreng.) Burkill =Ceiba pentandra
Matisia apaporiensis Cuatrec. =Matisia ochrocalyx
Matisia lasiocalyx K. Schum. =Quararibea lasiocalyx
Matisia muricata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec. =Matisia ochrocalyx
Ochroma lagopus Sw. =Ochroma pyramidale
Pachira cardonae Cuatrec. =Pachira minor
Pachira fendleri Seem. =Pachira quinata
Pachira jenmanii (Oliv.) A. Terracc. =Pachira minor
Pachira longiflora Hook. =Pachira aquatica
Pachira macrocarpa (Schltdl. & Cham.) Walp. =Pachira aquatica
Pachira obtusa Spruce ex K. Schum. =Pachira nitida
Pachira pustulifera Pittier =Pachira aquatica
Pachira villosula Pittier =Pachira aquatica
Pochota amazonica (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira amazonica
Pochota aracamuniana Steyerm. =Pachira aracamuniana
Pochota coriacea (Mart.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira coriacea
Pochota coriacea subsp. orinocensis (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira coriacea
Pochota cowanii (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira cowanii
Pochota ewelii Steyerm. =Pachira amazonica
Pochota flaviflora (Pulle) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira flaviflora
Pochota fuscolepidota Steyerm. =Pachira fuscolepidota
Pochota gracilis (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira gracilis
Pochota gracilis subsp. bolivarensis Steyerm. =Pachira gracilis subsp. bolivarensis
Pochota humilis (Spruce ex Decne.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira humilis
Pochota liesneri Steyerm. =Pachira liesneri
Pochota maguirei (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira gracilis subsp. bolivarensis
Pochota mawarinumae Steyerm. =Pachira mawarinumae
Pochota minor (Sims) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira minor
Pochota nitida (Kunth) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira nitida
Pochota obovata (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira obovata
Pochota orinocensis (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira orinocensis
Pochota pseudamazonica (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira amazonica
Pochota pseudofaroensis (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira pseudofaroensis
Pochota quinata (Jacq.) W.D. Stevens =Pachira quinata
Pochota redmondii Steyerm. =Pachira obovata
Pochota robynsii Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira robynsii
Pochota sordida (R.E. Schult.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira sordida
Pochota tepuiensis Steyerm. =Pachira tepuiensis
Pochota trinitensis (Urb.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira trinitensis
Pochota vulgaris Ram. Goyena =Pachira quinata
Pochota wurdackii (A. Robyns) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens =Pachira amazonica
Quararibea apaporiensis (Cuatrec.) A. Robyns =Matisia ochrocalyx
Quararibea muricata Cuatrec. =Matisia ochrocalyx
Quararibea ochrocalyx (K. Schum.) Vischer =Matisia ochrocalyx
Quararibea turbinata Poir. [specimens apparently referable to Quararibea duckei]
Rhodognaphalopsis coriacea (Mart.) A. Robyns =Pachira coriacea
Rhodognaphalopsis coriacea subsp. orinocensis A. Robyns =Pachira coriacea
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
223
Rhodognaphalopsis coriacea var. sordida (R.E. Schult.) A. Robyns =Pachira sordida
Rhodognaphalopsis discolor A. Robyns =Pachira sordida
Rhodognaphalopsis faroensis (Ducke) A. Robyns =Pachira faroensis
Rhodognaphalopsis flaviflora var. flaviflora =Pachira flaviflora
Rhodognaphalopsis flaviflora var. glabra A. Robyns =Pachira flaviflora
Rhodognaphalopsis gracilis A. Robyns =Pachira gracilis
Rhodognaphalopsis humilis (Spruce ex Decne.) A. Robyns =Pachira humilis
Rhodognaphalopsis maguirei A. Robyns =Pachira gracilis subsp. bolivarensis
Rhodognaphalopsis minor (Sims) A. Robyns =Pachira minor
Rhodognaphalopsis minor var. amblyophylla A. Robyns =Pachira minor
Rhodognaphalopsis minor var. minor =Pachira minor
Rhodognaphalopsis nitida (Kunth) A. Robyns =Pachira nitida
Rhodognaphalopsis pseudofaroensis A. Robyns =Pachira pseudofaroensis
Scleronema neblinense Steyerm. =Scleronema micranthum
Sophia carolina L. =Pachira aquatica
REFERENCES
Alverson, W.S. 1994. New species and combinations of Catostemma and Pachira (Bombacaceae) from the Venezuelan Guayana.
Novon 4(1): 3-8.
Alverson, W.S. & J.A. Steyermark. 1997. Bombaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 3: 496-527.
Alverson, W.S. & S.A. Mori. 2002. Bombaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 76 (2): 139-145.
Robyns, A. 1963. Essai de monographie du genre Bombax s.l. Bull. Jard. Bot. État 33: 1-311.
Robyns, A. 1967. Bombacaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 7. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 17(1): 1-439.
Steyermark, J.A. 1987. Bombacaceae. In Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana - III. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74(3): 636-646.
Steyermark, J.A. & W.D. Stevens. 1988. Notes on Rhodognaphalopsis and Bombacopsis in the Guayanas. Ann. Missouri Bot.
Gard. 75: 396-398.
Uittien, H. 1932. Bombacaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 26-33.
BONNETIACEAE
Archytaea angustifolia Maguire
Archytaea triflora Mart.
Bonnetia ahogadoi (Steyerm.) A.L. Weitzman & P.F. Stevens
Bonnetia bolivarensis Steyerm.
Bonnetia celiae Maguire
Bonnetia chimantensis Steyerm.
Bonnetia cordifolia Maguire
Bonnetia crassa Gleason
Bonnetia euryanthera Steyerm.
Bonnetia fasciculata A.L. Weitzman & P.F. Stevens
Bonnetia huberiana Steyerm.
Bonnetia jauaensis Maguire
Bonnetia kathleenae Lasser
Bonnetia lanceifolia Kobuski
Bonnetia liesneri Steyerm.
Bonnetia maguireorum Steyerm.
Bonnetia multinervia (Maguire) Steyerm. [expected in GU?]
Bonnetia neblinae Maguire
Bonnetia paniculata Spruce ex Benth.
Bonnetia ptariensis Steyerm.
Bonnetia roraimae Oliv.
Bonnetia roseiflora Maguire
Bonnetia rubicunda (Sastre) A.L. Weitzman & P.F. Stevens
Bonnetia sessilis Benth.
Bonnetia steyermarkii Kobuski
Bonnetia tepuiensis Kobuski & Steyerm.
Bonnetia tristyla Gleason
Bonnetia wurdackii Maguire
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acopanea ahogadoi Steyerm. =Bonnetia ahogadoi
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
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BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
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GU
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Archytaea multiflora Benth. =Archytaea triflora
Bonnetia dinizii Huber =Bonnetia paniculata
Bonnetia duidae Kobuski & Steyerm. (Clusiaceae) =Neotatea duidae
Bonnetia guaiquinimae Steyerm. =Bonnetia lanceifolia
Bonnetia longifolia Gleason (Clusiaceae) =Neotatea longifolia
Bonnetia martiana Maguire =Bonnetia sessilis
Bonnetia martiana var. venadoensis Maguire =Bonnetia sessilis
Bonnetia neblinensis Steyerm. (Clusiaceae) =Neotatea neblinae
Bonnetia parviflora Spruce ex Benth. =Bonnetia paniculata
Bonnetia phelpsii Gleason =Bonnetia sessilis
Bonnetia tepuiensis subsp. minor Steyerm. =Bonnetia tepuiensis
Bonnetia toronoensis Steyerm. =Bonnetia chimantensis
Bonnetia tristyla subsp. nervosa Steyerm. =Bonnetia tristyla
Kieseria sessilis (Benth.) Kuntze =Bonnetia sessilis
Neblinaria celiae Maguire =Bonnetia maguireorum
Neblinaria rubicunda Sastre =Bonnetia rubicunda
Neogleasonia duidae (Kobuski & Steyerm.) Maguire (Clusiaceae) =Neotatea duidae
Neogleasonia multinervia Maguire =Bonnetia multinervia
Neogleasonia wurdackii Maguire =Bonnetia fasciculata
REFERENCES
Kobuski, C.E. 1948. Studies in the Theaceae, XVII. A review of the genus Bonnetia. J. Arn. Arb. 29: 393-413.
Maguire, B. 1972. Bonnetiaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 9. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 23: 1-832.
BORAGINACEAE
C. Feuillet, J. Gaviria, R. Gómez, J.S. Miller, G. Rodríguez
Bourreria cumanensis (Loefl.) O.E. Schulz
Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken
Cordia bicolor DC.
Cordia bullata (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Cordia bullata subsp. humilis (Jacq.) Gaviria
Cordia cabanayensis Gaviria
Cordia collococca Sandmark ex L.
Cordia cremersii Feuillet
Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.
Cordia dentata Poir.
Cordia exaltata Lam.
Cordia fallax I.M. Johnst.
Cordia fanchoniae Feuillet
Cordia fulva I.M. Johnst.
Cordia goeldiana Huber
Cordia grandiflora (Desv.) Kunth
Cordia koemarae J.S. Mill.
Cordia laevifrons I.M. Johnst.
Cordia lomatoloba I.M. Johnst.
Cordia marioniae Feuillet
Cordia multispicata Cham.
Cordia naidophila I.M. Johnst.
Cordia nervosa Lam.
Cordia nodosa Lam.
Cordia panamensis Riley
Cordia panicularis Rudge
Cordia polycephala (Lam.) I.M. Johnst.
Cordia polystachya Kunth
Cordia roraimae I.M. Johnst.
Cordia sagotii I.M. Johnst.
Cordia scabrifolia DC.
Cordia schomburgkii DC.
Cordia sericicalyx DC.
Cordia sipapoi Gaviria
Cordia sp. A
Cordia sprucei Mez
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cordia stenostachya Killip ex Gaviria
Cordia steyermarkii Gaviria
Cordia tetrandra Aubl.
Cordia tomentosa Lam. ex Roem. & Schult.
Cordia toqueve Aubl. [expected in SU]
Cordia umbellifera Killip ex G. Agostini
Cordia williamsii G. Agostini ex Gaviria
Cordia wurdackiana Feuillet
Heliotropium angiospermum Murray
Heliotropium curassavicum L.
Heliotropium filiforme Lehm.
Heliotropium indicum L. [cultivated, persists as an escape]
Heliotropium lagoense (Warm.) Gürke
Heliotropium polyphyllum Lehm.
Heliotropium procumbens Mill.
Heliotropium purdiei I.M. Johnst.
Heliotropium ternatum Vahl
Lepidocordia punctata Ducke
Tournefortia bicolor Sw.
Tournefortia candidula (Miers) I.M. Johnst.
Tournefortia cuspidata Kunth
Tournefortia hirsutissima L.
Tournefortia maculata Jacq.
Tournefortia melanochaeta DC.
Tournefortia paniculata Cham.
Tournefortia paniculata var. spigeliiflora (DC.) I.M. Johnst.
Tournefortia ulei Vaupel
Tournefortia volubilis L.
225
AM
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bourreria viridis Rusby =Cordia sericicalyx
Cerdana alliodora Ruiz & Pav. =Cordia alliodora
Cordia alba auct. non DC. =Cordia dentata
Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Cham. ex DC. =Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken
Cordia aubletii DC. =Cordia schomburgkii
Cordia canescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Cordia polystachya
Cordia carnosa Rusby =Cordia bicolor
Cordia collococa Aubl. non L. =Cordia nodosa
Cordia cordifolia Kunth =Cordia tetrandra
Cordia cordifolia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. [nom. superfl.] =Cordia tetrandra
Cordia coriacea Sagot ex Benoist =Cordia sagotii
Cordia corymbosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. [nom. superfl.] =Cordia polycephala
Cordia corymbosa (Desv.) G. Don =Cordia polycephala
Cordia dasycephala (Desv.) Kunth =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Cordia dentata Vahl =Cordia dentata
Cordia exaltata var. melanoneura (Klotzsch) I.M. Johnst. =Cordia exaltata
Cordia flavescens Aubl. [name of uncertain application, referable to Lauraceae]
Cordia formicarum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Cordia nodosa
Cordia globosa (Jacq.) Kunth =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Cordia globosa var. humilis (Jacq.) I.M. Johnst. =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Cordia globosa subsp. humilis (Jacq.) Borh. =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Cordia guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Cordia fallax
Cordia gujanensis (Desv.) Roem. & Schult. =Cordia fallax
Cordia hebecarpa DC. =Cordia toqueve
Cordia heterophylla Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. [nom. superfl.] =Cordia toqueve
Cordia heterophylla Poir. =Cordia toqueve
Cordia hirta I.M. Johnst. =Cordia sagotii
Cordia hispidissima DC. =Cordia nodosa
Cordia humilis (Jacq.) G. Don =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Cordia ierensis Britton =Cordia sericicalyx
Cordia lockhartii Kuntze [nom. inval.] =Cordia bicolor
Cordia lucida Splitg. ex Pulle [nomen nudum] =Cordia schomburgkii
Cordia macrostachya (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. =Cordia curassavica
Cordia melanoneura Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Cordia exaltata
Cordia miranda DC. =Cordia nodosa
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
226
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cordia monosperma (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. =Cordia polycephala
Cordia opaca Rusby =Cordia sericicalyx
Cordia pubescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Cordia toqueve
Cordia scabrida Mart. =Cordia exaltata
Cordia scabrida auct. non Fresen. 1857. =Cordia naidophila
Cordia scandens Poir. (Dichapetalaceae) =Dichapetalum rugosum
Cordia spinescens L. [not in flora area]
Cordia tetraphylla Aubl. (Combretaceae) =Buchenavia tetraphylla
Cordia tobagensis Urb. =Cordia schomburgkii
Cordia tobagensis var. broadwayi Urb. =Cordia schomburgkii
Cordia umbraculifera DC. =Cordia tetrandra
Cordia viridis (Rusby) I.M. Johnst. =Cordia sericicalyx
Cordia volubilis Pittier =Cordia nodosa
Crematomia cumanensis (Loefl.) Miers =Bourreria cumanensis
Heliotropium foliosum Roem. & Schult. =Heliotropium polyphyllum
Heliotropium fumana (Fresen.) Gürke =Heliotropium ternatum
Heliotropium ottonis Lehm. =Heliotropium ternatum
Heliotropium scorpioides Kunth =Heliotropium angiospermum
Heliotropium trinitensis Urb. =Heliotropium lagoense
Lithocardium sprucei (Mez) Kuntze =Cordia sprucei
Messerschmidia candidula Miers =Tournefortia candidula
Schleidenia fumana Fresen. =Heliotropium ternatum
Schleidenia lagoensis Warm. =Heliotropium lagoense
Schleidenia polyphylla (Lehm.) Fresen. =Heliotropium polyphyllum
Tournefortia aubletii J.F. Macbr. =Tournefortia bicolor
Tournefortia bicolor var. bicolor =Tournefortia bicolor
Tournefortia bicolor var. calycosa J.D. Sm. =Tournefortia bicolor
Tournefortia hirsutissima auct. non L.: sensu Pulle =Tournefortia cuspidata
Tournefortia hirsutissima L. f. bicolor (Sw.) D.L. Nash =Tournefortia bicolor
Tournefortia syringifolia Vahl =Tournefortia maculata
Tournefortia tenuiflora Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Rubiaceae) =Declieuxia tenuiflora
Varronia bullata L. =Cordia bullata
Varronia corymbosa Desv. [nomen nudum] =Cordia polycephala
Varronia curassavica Jacq. =Cordia curassavica
Varronia dasycephala Desv. =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Varronia globosa Jacq. =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Varronia grandiflora Desv. =Cordia grandiflora
Varronia guianensis Desv. =Cordia curassavica
Varronia humilis Jacq. =Cordia bullata subsp. humilis
Varronia lineata auct. non L. [nom. illeg.] =Cordia polycephala
Varronia macrostachya Jacq. =Cordia curassavica
Varronia monosperma Jacq. =Cordia polycephala
Varronia polycephala Lam. =Cordia polycephala
REFERENCES
Diane N., H. Förther & H.H. Hilger. 2002. A systematic analysis of Heliotropium, Tournefortia, and allied taxa of the
Heliotropiaceae (Boraginales) based on ITS1 sequences and morphological data. Am. J. Bot. 89: 287-295.
Feuillet, C. 2002. Boraginaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
145-151.
Johnston, I.M. 1928. Studies in the Boraginaceae VII. 1. The South American species of Heliotropium. Contrib. Gray Herb. 81:
3-72.
Johnston, I.M. 1935. Studies in Boraginaceae X. The Boraginaceae of northeastern South America. J. Arn. Arb. 16: 1-64.
Johnston, I.M. 1936. Boraginaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 306-333.
Miller, J.S., J. Gaviria, R. Gómez, & G. Rodríguez. 1997. Boraginaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 527-547.
Uittien, H. 1937. Boraginaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 496-497.
BRASSICACEAE
J.C. Lindeman, L.J. Raechal
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss. [introduced]
Cardamine flexuosa With.
Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. [probably introduced]
FG
BO
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
227
Lepidium virginicum L. [introduced]
Rorippa dubia (Pers.) H. Hara [introduced] [=Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern]
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek [introduced] [=Nasturtium
officinale R. Br.]
Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser [introduced] [=Rorippa islandica (Leder)
Borbás]
Sinapis arvensis L. [introduced]
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Lepidium micropterum Miq. =Lepidium virginicum
Nasturtium palustre (L.) DC., non Crantz =Rorippa palustris
Rorippa heterophylla (Blume) R.O. Williams =Rorippa dubia
REFERENCES
Al-Shehbaz, I. 1988. Cruciferae. In R.A. Howard, Flora of the Lesser Antilles 4: 276-292.
Mitchell, J.D. 2002 Brassicaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
151.
Raechal, L.J. 1997. Brassicaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 547-548.
BRUNELLIACEAE
J.S. Miller
Brunellia comocladifolia Bonpl.
Brunellia comocladifolia subsp. ptariana (Steyerm.) Cuatrec. [Mt. Roraima]
Brunellia neblinensis Steyerm. & Cuatrec.
BO
BO
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Brunellia integrifolia Szyszyl. var. ptariana Steyerm. =Brunellia comocladifolia subsp. ptariana
REFERENCES
Cuatrecasas, J. 1970. Brunelliaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 2: 1-188.
Miller, J.S. 1997. Brunelliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 676-688.
BURSERACEAE
D.C. Daly
Bursera karsteniana Engl.
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.
Bursera tomentosa (Jacq.) Triana & Planch.
Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillett
Crepidospermum goudotianum (Tul.) Triana & Planch.
Crepidospermum prancei Daly
Crepidospermum rhoifolium (Benth.) Triana & Planch.
Dacryodes belemensis Cuatrec.
Dacryodes chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire
Dacryodes cuspidata (Cuatrec.) Daly
Dacryodes glabra (Steyerm.) Cuatrec.
Dacryodes microcarpa Cuatrec.
Dacryodes negrensis Daly & M.C. Martínez
Dacryodes nitens Cuatrec.
Dacryodes peruviana (Loes.) H.J. Lam
Dacryodes roraimensis Cuatrec.
Dacryodes sclerophylla Cuatrec.
Dacryodes sp. A
Dacryodes steyermarkii Sandwith
Protium altsonii Sandwith
Protium amazonicum (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium apiculatum Swart
Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium boomii Daly
Protium carolense Daly
Protium crassipetalum Cuatrec.
Protium crenatum Sandwith
Protium cuneatum Swart
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
FG
GU
FG
BO
GU
BO
GU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU?
SU?
FG
228
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Protium decandrum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium demerarense Swart
Protium divaricatum Engl.
Protium divaricatum subsp. divaricatum
Protium divaricatum subsp. fumarium Daly
Protium elegans Engl.
Protium ferrugineum Engl.
Protium gallicum Daly
Protium giganteum Engl.
Protium giganteum var. crassifolium (Engl.) Daly
Protium giganteum var. giganteum
Protium glabrescens Swart
Protium grandifolium Engl.
Protium guianense (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium heptaphyllum subsp. heptaphyllum
Protium heptaphyllum subsp. ulei (Swart) Daly
Protium inodorum Daly
Protium llanorum Cuatrec.
Protium macrocarpum Cuatrec.
Protium macrosepalum Swart
Protium melinonis Engl.
Protium morii Daly
Protium nitidifolium (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium nodulosum Swart
Protium occultum Daly
Protium opacum Swart
Protium opacum subsp. exaggeratum Daly
Protium opacum subsp. opacum
Protium opacum subsp. rabelianum Daly
Protium pallidum Cuatrec.
Protium paniculatum Engl.
Protium paniculatum var. A
Protium paniculatum var. paniculatum
Protium paniculatum var. riedelianum (Engl.) Daly
Protium pilosum (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium plagiocarpium Benoist
Protium poeppigianum Swart
Protium polybotryum (Turcz.) Engl.
Protium polybotryum subsp. blackii (Swart) Daly
Protium polybotryum subsp. polybotryum
Protium ptarianum Steyerm.
Protium pullei Swart [unverified name]
Protium reticulatum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium robustum (Swart) D.M. Porter
Protium sagotianum Marchand
Protium sp. A
Protium sp. B
Protium sp. C
Protium sp. D
Protium sp. E
Protium sp. F
Protium spruceanum (Benth.) Engl.
Protium strumosum Daly
Protium subserratum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium subserratum subsp. A
Protium subserratum subsp. subserratum
Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl.
Protium trifoliolatum Engl.
Protium unifoliolatum Spruce ex Engl.
Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart
Tetragastris hostmannii (Engl.) Kuntze
Tetragastris panamensis (Engl.) Kuntze
Trattinnickia boliviana (Swart) Daly
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
AM
GU
AM
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
FG
FG
SU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU?
GU
GU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU?
SU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
GU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Trattinnickia burserifolia Mart.
Trattinnickia demerarae Sandwith
Trattinnickia glaziovii Swart
Trattinnickia rhoifolia Willd.
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bursera aracouchili (Aubl.) Baill. =Protium aracouchini
Bursera bonairensis Bold. =Bursera simaruba
Bursera caudata Turcz. [nom. confus.] =Protium sagotianum
Bursera decandra (Aubl.) Baill. =Protium decandrum
Bursera gummifera L. =Bursera simaruba
Bursera integerrima (Tul.) Triana & Planch. =Bursera simaruba
Bursera leptophloeos Mart. =Commiphora leptophloeos
Bursera martiana Engl. =Commiphora leptophloeos
Bursera orinocensis Engl. =Commiphora leptophloeos
Bursera subpubescens (Rose) Engl. =Bursera simaruba
Bursera trinitensis R.O. Williams =Bursera karsteniana
Bursera velutinifolia R.S. Cowan (Anacardiaceae) =Cyrtocarpa velutinifolia
Burseria gummifera (L.) Jacq. =Bursera simaruba
Dacryodes microcarpa var. lanceolata Cuatrec. =Dacryodes microcarpa
Dacryodes peruviana var. caroniensis Cuatrec. =Dacryodes peruviana
Elaphrium decandrum (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D. Dietr. =Protium decandrum
Elaphrium enneandrum Spreng. ex D. Dietr. =Protium decandrum
Elaphrium gujanense (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D. Dietr. =Protium guianense
Elaphrium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D. Dietr. =Protium heptaphyllum
Elaphrium heterophyllum (Willd.) Spreng. ex D. Dietr. =Protium aracouchini
Elaphrium integerrimum Tul. =Bursera simaruba
Elaphrium jacquinianum Kunth =Bursera tomentosa
Elaphrium simaruba (L.) Rose =Bursera simaruba
Elaphrium subpubescens Rose =Bursera simaruba
Elaphrium tomentosum Jacq. =Bursera tomentosa
Elaphrium trinitense (R.O. Williams) Rose =Bursera karsteniana
Hedwigia hostmannii Engl. =Tetragastris hostmannii
Hedwigia panamensis Engl. =Tetragastris panamensis
Hedwigia rhoifolia Benth. =Crepidospermum rhoifolium
Hedwigia rhoifolia (Willd.) Baill. =Trattinnickia rhoifolia
Hemicrepidospermum rhoifolium (Benth.) Swart =Crepidospermum rhoifolium
Icica altissima Aubl. =Tetragastris altissima
Icica aracouchini Aubl. =Protium aracouchini
Icica decandra Aubl. =Protium decandrum
Icica enneandra Aubl. =Protium decandrum
Icica guianensis Aubl. =Protium guianense
Icica heptaphylla Aubl. =Protium heptaphyllum
Icica heterophylla Willd. [nom. illeg.] =Protium aracouchini
Icica hostmanni Miq. =Protium guianense
Icica insignis Triana & Planch. =Protium sagotianum
Icica paniculata (Engl.) Villafranca =Protium paniculatum
Icica polybotrya Turcz. =Protium polybotryum
Icica pubescens Benth. =Protium unifoliolatum
Icica spruceana Benth. =Protium spruceanum
Icica surinamensis Miq. =Protium heptaphyllum
Icica viridiflora Lam. [nom. illeg.] =Protium guianense
Icicopsis caudata (Turcz.) Engl. =Protium sagotianum
Icicopsis ferruginea (Engl.) Engl. =Protium ferrugineum
Icicopsis insignis (Triana & Planch.) Engl. =Protium sagotianum
Icicopsis reticulata Engl. =Protium reticulatum
Icicopsis subserrata Engl. =Protium subserratum
Icicopsis tenuifolia Engl. =Protium tenuifolium
Pachylobus peruviana Loes. =Dacryodes peruviana
Paraprotium amazonicum Cuatrec. =Protium amazonicum
Paraprotium ferrugineum (Engl.) Cuatrec. =Protium ferrugineum
Pistacia simaruba L. =Bursera simaruba
Protium almecega Marchand =Protium spruceanum
Protium almecega var. ulei Swart =Protium heptaphyllum subsp. ulei
Protium angustifolium Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
AM
229
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
230
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Protium aracouchini var. angustifolium Swart =Protium aracouchini
Protium araguense Cuatrec. [not in flora area]
Protium benthamii Swart =Protium unifoliolatum
Protium crassifolium Engl. =Protium giganteum var. crassifolium
Protium fimbriatum Swart =Protium amazonicum
Protium firmum Swart =Protium apiculatum
Protium heptaphyllum var. floribundum Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium heptaphyllum var. multiflorum (Engl.) Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium heptaphyllum var. puberulum Engl. =Protium guianense
Protium heptaphyllum var. surinamense (Miq.) Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium heptaphyllum var. unifoliolatum Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium hostmannii (Miq.) Engl. =Protium guianense
Protium hostmannii var. brasiliensis Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium insigne (Triana & Planch.) Engl. =Protium sagotianum
Protium joannis Cuatrec. =Protium trifoliolatum
Protium llewelyni J.F. Macbr. =Protium grandifolium
Protium martianum Engl. =Protium trifoliolatum
Protium multiflorum Engl. =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium neglectum Swart =Protium tenuifolium
Protium nitidum Engl. =Protium paniculatum var. riedelianum
Protium octandrum Swart =Protium heptaphyllum
Protium orinocense Rusby =Protium decandrum
Protium paniculatum var. pentamerum Swart =Protium paniculatum var. paniculatum
Protium paraense auct. non Swart 1966: sensu Cuatrec. =Protium altsonii
Protium pauciflorum Swart =Protium trifoliolatum
Protium puberulenta Steyerm. =Protium altsonii
Protium pubescens (Benth.) Engl. [nom. illeg.] =Protium unifoliolatum
Protium riedelianum Engl. =Protium paniculatum var. riedelianum
Protium schomburgkianum Engl. =Protium decandrum
Protium titubans J.F. Macbr. =Protium trifoliolatum
Protium unifoliolatum var. inconforme Swart =Protium unifoliolatum
Protium unifoliolatum var. macrophyllum Huber =Protium unifoliolatum
Protium unifoliolatum var. puberulum Hoehne =Protium unifoliolatum
Protium unifoliolatum var. subserratum Engl. =Protium unifoliolatum
Tetragastris panamensis var. grandifolia Swart =Tetragastris panamensis
Tetragastris panamensis var. hirtella Swart =Tetragastris panamensis
Tetragastris paraensis Cuatrec. =Tetragastris panamensis
Tetragastris phanerosepala Sandwith =Tetragastris altissima
Tetragastris pilosa Cuatrec. =Protium pilosum
Tetragastris stevensonii Standl. =Tetragastris panamensis
Tetragastris trifoliolata (Engl.) Cuatrec. =Protium trifoliolatum
Tetragastris unifoliolata (Engl.) Cuatrec. =Protium unifoliolatum
Tingulonga almecega (Marchand) Kuntze =Protium spruceanum
Tingulonga aracuchini (Aubl.) Kuntze =Protium aracouchini
Tingulonga caudata (Turcz.) Kuntze =Protium sagotianum
Tingulonga divaricata (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium divaricatum
Tingulonga enneandra (Aubl.) Kuntze =Protium decandrum
Tingulonga ferruginea (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium ferrugineum
Tingulonga grandifolia (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium grandifolium
Tingulonga guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze =Protium guianense
Tingulonga heptaphylla (Aubl.) Kuntze =Protium heptaphyllum
Tingulonga hostmanni (Miq.) Kuntze =Protium guianense
Tingulonga insignis (Triana & Planch.) Kuntze =Protium sagotianum
Tingulonga martiana (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium trifoliolatum
Tingulonga multiflora (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium heptaphyllum
Tingulonga nitida (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium paniculatum var. riedelianum
Tingulonga paniculata (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium paniculatum
Tingulonga riedeliana (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium paniculatum var. riedelianum
Tingulonga simplicifolia Kuntze =Protium unifoliolatum
Tingulonga spruceana (Benth.) Kuntze =Protium spruceanum
Tingulonga subserrata (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium subserratum
Tingulonga tenuifolia (Engl.) Kuntze =Protium tenuifolium
Tingulonga trifoliolata Kuntze =Protium trifoliolatum
Trattinnickia burserifolia subsp. obtusa Engl. =Trattinnickia burserifolia
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
231
Trattinnickia burserifolia subsp. quinquejuga Engl. =Trattinnickia burserifolia
Trattinnickia cuspidata Cuatrec. =Dacryodes cuspidata
Trattinnickia glabra Steyerm. =Dacryodes glabra
Trattinnickia guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Trattinnickia burserifolia
Trattinnickia lawrancei var. boliviana Swart =Trattinnickia boliviana
Trattinnickia rhoifolia var. lancifolia Cuatrec. =Trattinnickia boliviana
Trattinnickia rhoifolia subsp. sprucei Engl. =Trattinnickia rhoifolia
Trattinnickia rhoifolia subsp. willdenowii Engl. [nom. illeg.] =Trattinnickia rhoifolia
Trattinnickia schomburgkii Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Trattinnickia burserifolia
Trattinnickia subchoripetala Swart =Trattinnickia burserifolia
REFERENCES
Daly, D. 1987. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae I. A synopsis of the genus Crepidospermum. Brittonia 39: 51-58.
Daly, D. 1989. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae II. Generic limits in New World Protieae and Canarieae. Brittonia 41: 17-27.
Daly, D. 1992. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae VI. New taxa and combinations in Protium Burm.f. Brittonia 44: 280-299.
Daly, D.C. 1997. Burseraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 688-728.
Daly, D.C. 2002. Burseraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 151165.
Swart, J.J. 1942. A monograph of the genus Protium and some allied genera. Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 34: 211-446.
Swart, J.J. 1951. Burseraceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(2): 204-251.
BUXACEAE
K. Yatskievych
Buxus citrifolia (Willd.) Spreng.
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Tricera citrifolia Willd. =Buxus citrifolia
REFERENCES
Yatskievych, K. 1997. Buxaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 729-730.
CABOMBACEAE
J.H. Wiersema
Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. [possibly extirpated from GU]
Cabomba aquatica Aubl.
Cabomba furcata Schult. & Schult. f.
Cabomba haynesii Wiersema [expected in GU]
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Cabomba piauhyensis Gardner =Cabomba furcata
Cabomba piauhyensis var. albida Fassett =Cabomba haynesii
Cabomba piauhyensis var. piauhyensis =Cabomba furcata
Cabomba warmingii Casp. =Cabomba furcata
REFERENCES
Cramer, J. 1979. Cabombaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 385-389.
Fassett, N.C. 1953. A monograph of Cabomba. Castanea 18: 116-128.
Oergaard, M., H.W.E. van Bruggen, & P.J. van der Vlugt. 1992. Die Familie Cabombaceae (Cabomba und Brasenia). AquaPlanta sonderheft nr. 3.
Wiersema, J.H. 1989. A new species of Cabomba from tropical America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76(4): 1167-1168.
Wiersema, J.H. 1997. Cabombaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 730-732.
CACTACEAE
B.E. Leuenberger, B. Trujillo
Acanthocereus tetragonus (L.) Hummelinck
Cereus hexagonus (L.) Mill.
Cereus repandus (L.) Mill., non Haw. 1812
Disocactus amazonicus (K. Schum.) D.R. Hunt [expected in Venezuelan
Guayana]
Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw.
Hylocereus lemairei (Hook.) Britton & Rose
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU?
SU
SU?
FG
FG?
232
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hylocereus scandens (Salm-Dyck) Backeb.
Melocactus matanzanus León [cultivated]
Melocactus mazelianus Ríha
Melocactus neryi K. Schum.
Melocactus smithii (Alexander) Buining ex G.D. Rowley
Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill. [cultivated only?]
Opuntia elatior Mill.
Pereskia aculeata Mill. [widely cultivated but apparently native in Guianas]
Pereskia guamacho F.A.C. Weber
Pilosocereus oligolepis (Vaupel) Byles & G.D. Rowley [described as having 5
ribs]
Rhipsalis baccifera (J.S. Muell.) Stearn
Rhipsalis floccosa Pfeiff.
Rhipsalis oblonga Loefgr. [possibly confused with R. occidentalis]
Rhipsalis occidentalis Barthlott & Rauh [possibly confused with R. oblonga]
Rhipsalis pachyptera Pfeiff.
Selenicereus extensus (Salm-Dyck ex DC.) Leuenb.
Selenicereus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Moran [known for AM only
by vegetative plant (#4528) at Jardín Botánico Universitario de Maracay]
Selenicereus sp. [sect. Salmdyckia][expected in AM & BO]
Strophocactus wittii (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
DA
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU?
SU?
FG
GU?
FG?
FG?
AM
GU?
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acanthocereus colombianus Britton & Rose =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Acanthocereus pentagonus (L.) Britton & Rose =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Acanthocereus pitajaya (Jacq.) Dugand ex Croizat =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Cactus caripensis Kunth =Rhipsalis baccifera
Cactus hexagonus L. =Cereus hexagonus
Cactus neryi (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose =Melocactus neryi
Cactus pentagonus L. =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Cactus pereskia L. =Pereskia aculeata
Cactus phyllanthus L. =Epiphyllum phyllanthus
Cactus pitajaya Jacq. =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Cactus repandus L. =Cereus repandus
Cactus smithii Alexander =Melocactus smithii
Cactus tetragonus L. =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Cephalocereus kanukuensis Alexander =Pilosocereus oligolepis
Cereus atroviridis Backeb. =Cereus repandus
Cereus caripensis (Kunth) DC. =Rhipsalis baccifera
Cereus curtisii Otto [Guianan records dubious]
Cereus grandiflorus Mill. [Guianan records dubious]
Cereus grenadensis Britton & Rose =Cereus repandus
Cereus jamacaru DC. [Guianan records dubious]
Cereus lemairei Hook. =Hylocereus lemairei
Cereus lepidotus Salm-Dyck =Cereus hexagonus
Cereus longiflorus Alexander =Cereus hexagonus
Cereus margaritensis J.R. Johnst. =Cereus repandus
Cereus megalanthus K. Schum. ex Vaupel =Selenicereus megalanthus
Cereus peruvianus auct. non (L.) Mill.[Guianan records dubious] =Cereus uruguayanus
Cereus pitajaya (Jacq.) DC. =Acanthocereus tetragonus
Cereus polyrhizus F.A.C. Weber =Hylocereus lemairei
Cereus triangularis (L.) Haw. [Guianan records dubious] =Hylocereus triangularis
Cereus trinitatensis Lem. & Herment =Hylocereus lemairei
Cereus wittii K. Schum. =Strophocactus wittii
Epiphyllum hookeri Haw. =Epiphyllum phyllanthus
Epiphyllum phyllanthus var. hookeri (Haw.) Kimnach =Epiphyllum phyllanthus
Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose =Hylocereus lemairei
Hylocereus triangularis (L.) Britton & Rose [Guianan records dubious]
Hylocereus trinitatensis (Lem. & Herment) A. Berger =Hylocereus lemairei
Hylocereus venezuelensis Britton & Rose =Hylocereus lemairei
Mediocactus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose =Selenicereus megalanthus
Melocactus guaricensis Croizat =Melocactus neryi
Melocactus schulzianus Buining & Brederoo =Melocactus neryi
Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck =Opuntia cochenillifera
Pereskia colombiana Britton & Rose =Pereskia guamacho
SU?
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
233
Phyllocactus phyllanthus (DC.) Link =Epiphyllum phyllanthus
Pilocereus repandus (L.) K. Schum. =Cereus repandus
Pilosocereus kanukuensis (Alexander) Leuenb. [described as having 4 ribs, illustrations in FVG contradictory] =Pilosocereus
oligolepis
Pilosocereus oligolepis subsp. kanukuensis (Alexander) P.J. Braun & Esteves =Pilosocereus oligolepis
Rhipsalis cassutha Gaertn. =Rhipsalis baccifera
Rhipsalis minutiflora K. Schum. =Rhipsalis baccifera
Rhodocactus colombianus (Britton & Rose) F.M. Knuth =Pereskia guamacho
Rhodocactus guamacho (F.A.C. Weber) F.M. Knuth =Pereskia guamacho
Selenicereus wittii (K. Schum.) G.D. Rowley =Strophocactus wittii
Subpilocereus grenadensis (Britton & Rose) Backeb. =Cereus repandus
Subpilocereus margaritensis (J.R. Johnst.) Backeb. =Cereus repandus
Subpilocereus repandus (L.) Backeb. =Cereus repandus
Wilmattea venezuelensis (Britton & Rose) Croizat =Hylocereus lemairei
Wittiocactus amazonicus (K. Schum.) Rauschert =Disocactus amazonicus
REFERENCES
Hunt, D. 1992. CITES Cactaceae Checklist. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Leuenberger, B.E. 1987. A preliminary list of Cactaceae from the Guianas and recommendations for future collecting and
preparation of specimens. Willdenowia 16: 497-510.
Leuenberger, B.E. 1989. Lectotypification of Cereus hexagonus (L.) Miller and taxonomic notes on related taxa from South
America. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111(2): 145-164.
Leuenberger, B.E. 1997. Cactaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 31: 1-63.
Leuenberger, B.E. 2002. Cactaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
165-166.
Taylor, N.P. 1991. The genus Melocactus in Central and South America. Bradleya 9: 1-80.
Trujillo, B. 1997. Cactaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 732-749.
CAMPANULACEAE
T. Lammers, J.L. Luteyn, B.A. Stein
Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.
Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce
Centropogon roraimanus E. Wimm.
Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don [expected in FG]
Lobelia aquatica Cham.
Lobelia fastigiata Kunth
Siphocampylus reticulatus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Vatke
Siphocampylus sp. A
Siphocampylus tillettii Steyerm.
Wahlenbergia perrottetii (A. DC.) Thulin [native to Africa and Brazil]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Centropogon bonplandianus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) C. Presl =Centropogon cornutus
Centropogon solanifolius Benth. [records based on misidentifications fide B. Stein]
Centropogon surinamensis (L.) C. Presl =Centropogon cornutus
Cephalostigma bahiense A. DC. =Wahlenbergia perrottetii
Isotoma longiflora (L.) C. Presl =Hippobroma longiflora
Laurentia longiflora (L.) Endl. =Hippobroma longiflora
Lobelia bonplandiana Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Centropogon cornutus
Lobelia cornuta L. =Centropogon cornutus
Lobelia longiflora L. =Hippobroma longiflora
Lobelia reticulata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Siphocampylus reticulatus
Lobelia surinamensis L. =Centropogon cornutus
Siphocampylus tepuiensis Gleason =Siphocampylus reticulatus
REFERENCES (incl. Lobeliaceae. See also Sphenocleaceae)
Gracie, C.A. 2002. Campanulaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
183-184.
Lanjouw, J. 1934. Campanulaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 302-305.
Lanjouw, J. 1937. Campanulaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 494-495.
Stein, B.A. 1998. Campanulaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 122-129.
234
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
CANELLACEAE
SU
Cinnamodendron tenuifolium Uittien
FG
REFERENCES
Brown, J.L. & S.A. Mori. 2002. Canellaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 184-186.
Uittien, H. 1935. Canellaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 304-305.
Wilson, T.K. 1960. The comparative morphology of the Canellaceae. I. Synopsis of genera and wood anatomy. Trop. Woods 112:
1-27.
CAPPARACEAE
H.H. Iltis, J.C. Lindeman, T. Ruiz-Zapata
Capparis amplissima Lam.
Capparis detonsa Triana & Planch.
Capparis flexuosa (L.) L.
Capparis flexuosa subsp. polyantha (Triana & Planch.) H.H. Iltis
Capparis frondosa Jacq. [=Capparis baducca L.?]
AM
Capparis grandipetala Maguire & Steyerm. [Serranía de la Neblina , expected
in AM]
Capparis guaguaensis Steyerm. [expected in GU]
Capparis hastata Jacq.
Capparis hastata f. coccolobifolia (Mart. ex Eichler) H.H. Iltis
Capparis leprieurii Briq.
Capparis maroniensis Benoist
Capparis muco H.H. Iltis, L. Cumana, R. Delgado & Aymard
Capparis odoratissima Jacq.
Capparis osmantha Diels
Capparis pulcherrima Jacq.
Capparis sola J.F. Macbr.
AM
Capparis sp. A
AM
Capparis verrucosa Jacq.
Capparis yco (Mart.) Mart. & Eichler
Capparis yco var. guianensis Sagot
Cleome aculeata L.
AM
Cleome frutescens Aubl. [=Cleome spinosa?]
Cleome guianensis Aubl.
Cleome gynandra L. [naturalized]
Cleome latifolia Vahl ex DC.
Cleome parviflora Kunth
Cleome pilosa Benth.
AM
Cleome rutidosperma DC. [naturalized]
Cleome serrata Jacq.
Cleome speciosa Raf.
Cleome spinosa Jacq.
AM
Cleome stenophylla Klotzsch ex Urb.
Cleome viridiflora Schreb.
AM
Crateva tapia L.
AM
Morisonia americana L.
Steriphoma ellipticum (DC.) Spreng.
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU?
SU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
FG
FG
SU
FG?
FG
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
GU?
DA
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Capparidastrum baducca (L.) Hutch. =Capparis frondosa
Capparis baducca L. [Capparis frondosa Jacq. synonymized here by some authors] =Capparis frondosa
Capparis cynophallophora L. =Capparis flexuosa
Capparis cynophallophora var. isthmensis (Eichler) H.H. Iltis ex Jans.-Jac. [nomen nudum] =Capparis flexuosa
Capparis flexuosa f. hastata (Jacq.) Dugand =Capparis hastata
Capparis guaguaensis Steyerm. =Capparis osmantha
Capparis isthmensis Eichler =Capparis flexuosa
Capparis macrophylla auct. non Kunth 1821. =Capparis osmantha
Capparis montana (Aubl.) Lemée (Sapotaceae) [fide Lindeman] =Pradosia ptychandra
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
235
Capparis nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. =Capparis amplissima
Capparis pendula Triana & Planch. =Capparis amplissima
Capparis perseifolia Iltis ex Jans.-Jac. [nomen nudum, fide Lindeman] =Capparis leprieurii
Capparis polyantha Triana & Planch. =Capparis flexuosa subsp. polyantha
Capparis sola var. longiracemosa Dugand =Capparis sola
Capparis surinamensis J.C. Went =Capparis maroniensis
Capparis trinitensis Urb. =Capparis verrucosa
Cleome amazonica Heilb. =Cleome viridiflora
Cleome brachypoda Briq. =Cleome parviflora
Cleome friesii Heilb. =Cleome viridiflora
Cleome gigantea L. =Cleome viridiflora
Cleome hostmanni Miq. =Cleome latifolia
Cleome humboldtii DC. =Cleome parviflora
Cleome kerberi Briq. =Cleome viridiflora
Cleome micrantha Desv. ex Ham. [name of uncertain application] =Cleome parviflora
Cleome monochroma J.F. Macbr. =Cleome viridiflora
Cleome pentaphylla L. =Cleome gynandra
Cleome pittieri Briq. =Cleome pilosa
Cleome polygama L. =Cleome serrata
Cleome psoraleaefolia DC. =Cleome parviflora
Cleome pungens Willd. [nom. confus.] =Cleome spinosa
Cleome surinamensis Miq. =Cleome aculeata
Crateva acuminata DC. =Crateva tapia
Crateva benthamii Eichler =Crateva tapia
Crateva gynandra L. =Crateva tapia
Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. =Cleome gynandra
Gynandropsis pentaphylla (L.) DC. =Cleome gynandra
Gynandropsis speciosa (Kunth) DC. =Cleome speciosa
Melidiscus gigantea (L.) Raf. =Cleome viridiflora
Morisonia elliptica Rusby =Morisonia americana
Morisonia flexuosa L. =Capparis flexuosa
Morisonia johnstonii Urb. =Morisonia americana
Neocalyptrocalyx surinamensis (J.C. Went) Hutch. =Capparis maroniensis
Physostemon ambiguum Bong. =Cleome guianensis
Physostemon guianense (Aubl.) Malme =Cleome guianensis
Physostemon intermedium Moric. =Cleome guianensis
Physostemon lanceolatum Mart. & Zucc. [fide Lindeman] =Cleome stenophylla
Quadrella cynophallophora (L.) Hutch. =Capparis flexuosa
Quadrella odoratissima (Jacq.) Hutch. =Capparis odoratissima
Sinapistrum giganteum (L.) Moench. =Cleome viridiflora
Tarenaya spinosa (Jacq.) Raf. =Cleome spinosa
Voyara montana Aubl. (Sapotaceae) =Pradosia ptychandra
REFERENCES
Iltis, H.H. & S.A. Mori. 2002. Capparaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 186-188.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. 1976. Capparaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 2(2): 512517.
Ruiz-Zapata, T. & H.H. Iltis. Capparaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4:
132-157.
Went, J.C. 1937. Capparidaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 397-405.
CAPRIFOLIACEAE
P.E. Berry, N. Ramírez
Sambucus canadensis L.
Sambucus canadensis var. laciniata A. Gray
Sambucus simpsonii Rehder [introduced]
Viburnum tinoides L. f.
Viburnum tinoides var. roraimense (Killip & A.C. Sm.) Steyerm.
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Oreinotinus tinoides (L. f.) Oerst. =Viburnum tinoides
DA
DA
SU
BO
BO
GU
GU
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Viburnum glabratum Kunth [not in flora area]
Viburnum leptophyllum Killip & A.C. Sm. =Viburnum tinoides
Viburnum roraimense Killip & A.C. Sm. =Viburnum tinoides var. roraimense
Viburnum tinoides var. venezuelense (Killip & A.C. Sm.) Steyerm. [not in flora area - Andes of Venezuela] =Viburnum
tinoides var. roraimense
REFERENCES
Killip, E.P. & A.C. Smith. 1929. The genus Viburnum in northwestern South America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 56: 265-274.
Ramírez, N. & P.E. Berry. 1998. Caprifoliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
4: 158-161.
Steyermark, J.A. 1953. Caprifoliaceae. In J.A. Steyermark & collaborators, Contributions to the Flora of Venezuela. Fieldiana
Bot. 28(3): 618-619.
CARICACEAE
J.S. Miller
Carica papaya L. [cultivated, naturalized]
AM
Jacaratia spinosa (Aubl.) A. DC.
Vasconcellosia microcarpa (Jacq.) A. DC.
Vasconcellosia microcarpa subsp. heterophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M. Badillo
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Carica microcarpa subsp. heterophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M. Badillo =Vasconcellosia microcarpa subsp. heterophylla
Carica sativa Tussac =Carica papaya
Carica spinosa Aubl. =Jacaratia spinosa
Papaya spinosa A. DC. =Jacaratia spinosa
REFERENCES
Badillo, V.M. 1971. Monografia de la familia Caricaceae. Publ. Asoc. Prof., Univ. Central de Venezuela. Maracay.
Lindeman, J.C. 1984. Caricaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 585-591.
Miller, J.S. 1998. Caricaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 162-163.
Mori, S.A. 2002. Caricaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 188190.
CARYOCARACEAE
G.T. Prance
Anthodiscus mazarunensis Gilly
Anthodiscus obovatus Benth. ex Wittm.
Anthodiscus trifoliatus G. Mey.
Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers.
Caryocar glabrum subsp. album Prance & M.F. Silva
Caryocar glabrum subsp. glabrum
Caryocar gracile Wittm.
Caryocar microcarpum Ducke
Caryocar montanum Prance
Caryocar nuciferum L.
Caryocar pallidum A.C. Sm.
Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers.
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Caryocar butyrosum (Aubl.) Willd. =Caryocar villosum
Caryocar coccineum Pilg. =Caryocar glabrum
Caryocar glabrum var. edule Wittm. =Caryocar microcarpum
Caryocar glabrum var. pilosum Wittm. =Caryocar microcarpum
Caryocar krukovii Gilly =Caryocar gracile
Caryocar riparium A.C. Sm. =Caryocar microcarpum
Caryocar tessmannii Pilg. =Caryocar glabrum
Caryocar tomentosum Willd. [nom. illeg.] =Caryocar nuciferum
Caryocar toxiferum Barb. Rodr. =Caryocar glabrum
Pekea butyrosa Aubl. =Caryocar villosum
Pekea tuberculosa Aubl. =Caryocar nuciferum
Pekea villosa (Aubl.) Poir. =Caryocar villosum
Rhizobolus butyrosus (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Caryocar villosum
GU
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG?
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
237
Rhizobolus pekea Gaertn. =Caryocar nuciferum
Rhizobolus tuberculosus (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Caryocar nuciferum
Saouari glabra Aubl. =Caryocar glabrum
Saouari villosa Aubl. =Caryocar villosum
REFERENCES
Granville, J.J. de. 2002. Caryocaraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 191-192.
Lanjouw, J. & P.F. van Heerdt. 1941. Caryocaraceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 366-372.
Prance, G.T. 1972. Caryocaraceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 9. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 23: 1-832.
Prance, G.T. 1998. Caryocaraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 164-170.
Prance, G.T. & M.F. da Silva. 1973. Caryocaraceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 12: 1-75.
CARYOPHYLLACEAE
G.A. Aymard C., N.L. Cuello A., R.A. DeFilipps†
Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult.
Drymaria cordata subsp. cordata
Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam.
Polycarpaea corymbosa var. brasiliensis (Cambess.) Chodat & Hassl.
Polycarpon apurense Kunth
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Holosteum cordatum L. =Drymaria cordata
Polycarpaea atherophora Steud. =Polycarpaea corymbosa
Polycarpaea brasiliensis Cambess. =Polycarpaea corymbosa var. brasiliensis
REFERENCES
Aymard C, G.A. & N.L. Cuello A. 1998. Caryophyllaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 4: 171-174.
DeFilipps, R.A. & S.L. Maina. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 193.
Ooststroom, S.J. van. 1934. Caryophyllaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 1(1): 150-153.
CASUARINACEAE
Casuarina equisetifolia J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. [Old World family, one species
widely cultivated]
REFERENCES
Berg, C.C. 1992. Casuarinaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 11: 140.
CECROPIACEAE
C.C. Berg
Cecropia angulata I.W. Bailey
Cecropia distachya Huber
Cecropia engleriana Snethl.
Cecropia ficifolia Warb. ex Snethl.
Cecropia granvilleana C.C. Berg
Cecropia kavanayensis Cuatrec.
Cecropia latiloba Miq.
Cecropia membranacea Trécul
Cecropia metensis Cuatrec.
Cecropia obtusa Trécul
Cecropia palmata Willd.
Cecropia peltata L.
Cecropia sciadophylla Mart.
Cecropia silvae C.C. Berg
Coussapoa angustifolia Aubl.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
FG
DA
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
238
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Coussapoa argentea Akkermans & C.C. Berg
Coussapoa asperifolia Trécul
Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. asperifolia
Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia (Trécul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg
Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. rhamnoides (Standl.) Akkermans & C.C. Berg
Coussapoa crassivenosa Mildbr.
Coussapoa ferruginea Trécul
Coussapoa latifolia Aubl.
Coussapoa leprieurii Benoist
Coussapoa microcephala Trécul
Coussapoa orthoneura Standl.
Coussapoa parvifolia Standl.
Coussapoa trinervia Spruce ex Mildbr.
Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.
Coussapoa viridifolia Cuatrec.
Pourouma acuminata Miq.
Pourouma bicolor Mart.
Pourouma bicolor subsp. bicolor
Pourouma bicolor subsp. digitata (Trécul) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma bolivarensis C.C. Berg
Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart.
Pourouma cucura Standl. & Cuatrec.
Pourouma guianensis Aubl.
Pourouma guianensis subsp. guianensis
Pourouma melinonii Benoist
Pourouma melinonii subsp. melinonii
Pourouma minor Benoist
Pourouma mollis Trécul
Pourouma mollis subsp. mollis
Pourouma ovata Trécul
Pourouma saulensis C.C. Berg & Kooy
Pourouma stipulacea C.C. Berg
Pourouma tomentosa Mart. ex Miq.
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata (Spruce ex Benoist) C.C. Berg &
Heusden
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. essequiboensis (Standl.) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. maroniensis (Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. tomentosa
Pourouma velutina Mart. ex Miq.
Pourouma villosa Trécul
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU?
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
AM
AM
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Cecropia auyantepuiana Cuatrec. =Cecropia kavanayensis
Cecropia bureauiana V.A. Richt. =Cecropia palmata
Cecropia concolor subsp. engleriana (Snethl.) C.C. Berg & P. Franco =Cecropia engleriana
Cecropia dielsiana Snethl. =Cecropia peltata
Cecropia juranyiana V.A. Richt. =Cecropia sciadophylla
Cecropia orinocensis Standl. =Cecropia latiloba
Cecropia paraensis Huber =Cecropia latiloba
Cecropia peltata var. candida Velásquez =Cecropia metensis
Cecropia riparia Snethl. =Cecropia distachya
Cecropia sciadophylla var. decurrens Snethl. =Cecropia sciadophylla
Cecropia sciadophylla var. juranyiana (V.A. Richt.) Snethl. =Cecropia sciadophylla
Cecropia steyermarkii Cuatrec. =Cecropia kavanayensis
Cecropia surinamensis Miq. =Cecropia peltata
Cecropia tessmannii Mildbr. =Cecropia membranacea
Coussapoa cardonae Pittier =Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia
Coussapoa cayennensis Hawkes =Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. asperifolia
Coussapoa cornifolia Standl. =Coussapoa parvifolia
Coussapoa cuneata Miq. =Coussapoa microcephala
Coussapoa fagifolia Klotzsch =Coussapoa microcephala
Coussapoa hypochlora Standl. =Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia
Coussapoa krukovii Standl. =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata
Coussapoa latifolia var. obovata (Miq.) Miq. =Coussapoa latifolia
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
239
Coussapoa magnifolia Trécul =Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia
Coussapoa microcephala subsp. cornifolia (Standl.) Akkermans & C.C. Berg =Coussapoa parvifolia
Coussapoa obovata Miq. =Coussapoa latifolia
Coussapoa prancei C.C. Berg =Coussapoa orthoneura
Coussapoa rhamnoides Standl. =Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. rhamnoides
Coussapoa steyermarkii Cuatrec. =Coussapoa crassivenosa
Coussapoa viridifolia var. tenuifolia Cuatrec. =Coussapoa viridifolia
Coussapoa williamsii Cuatrec. =Coussapoa orthoneura
Pourouma acutiflora Trécul =Pourouma guianensis subsp. guianensis
Pourouma albistipulata Cuatrec. =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. tomentosa
Pourouma apaporiensis Cuatrec. =Pourouma melinonii subsp. melinonii
Pourouma apiculata Spruce ex Mildbr. =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata
Pourouma apiculata Spruce ex Benoist =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata
Pourouma aspera Trécul =Pourouma bicolor subsp. bicolor
Pourouma aurea Mildbr. =Pourouma minor
Pourouma camaratana Cuatrec. =Pourouma bicolor subsp. bicolor
Pourouma cuatrecasasii Standl. =Pourouma minor
Pourouma digitata Trécul =Pourouma bicolor subsp. digitata
Pourouma essequiboensis Standl. =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. essequiboensis
Pourouma garciana Cuatrec. =Pourouma cucura
Pourouma laevis Benoist =Pourouma villosa
Pourouma longipendula Ducke =Pourouma ovata
Pourouma maroniensis Benoist =Pourouma tomentosa subsp. maroniensis
Pourouma palmata Poepp. & Endl. =Pourouma guianensis subsp. guianensis
Pourouma populifolia Standl. =Pourouma acuminata
Pourouma radula Benoist =Pourouma guianensis subsp. guianensis
Pourouma steyermarkii Standl. & Cuatrec. =Pourouma velutina
Pourouma umbellifera W.C. Burger =Pourouma minor
REFERENCES
Berg, C.C. 1992. Cecropiaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 11: 93-124.
Berg, C.C. 1998. Cecropiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 174-190.
Berg, C.C. 2002. Cecropiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
194-198.
Berg, C.C., R.W.A.P. Akkermans, & E.C.H. van Heusden. 1990. Cecropiaceae: Coussapoa and Pourouma. Flora Neotropica
Monogr. 51: 1-194.
Berg, C.C. & G.P. DeWolf. 1975. Moraceae. In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 265-294.
CELASTRACEAE
D.M. Kearns
Elaeodendron xylocarpum (Vent.) DC. [possibly expected in GU]
Goupia glabra Aubl.
Maytenus apiculata Steyerm.
Maytenus ficiformis Reissek
Maytenus floribunda Reissek
Maytenus guyanensis Klotzsch ex Reissek
Maytenus huberi Steyerm.
Maytenus insculpta Steyerm.
Maytenus kanukuensis A.C. Sm.
Maytenus laevis Reissek
Maytenus longistipitata Steyerm.
Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Maytenus myrsinoides Reissek
Maytenus neblinae Steyerm. [Sierra de la Neblina]
Maytenus oblongata Reissek
Maytenus pittieriana Steyerm.
Maytenus planifolia A.C. Sm.
Maytenus pruinosa Reissek
Maytenus pustulata Steyerm.
Maytenus sp. A
Maytenus tetragona Griseb.
Zinowiewia aymardii Steyerm.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
DA
GU
GU
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG
BO
DA
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Cassine xylocarpa Vent. =Elaeodendron xylocarpum
Celastrus macrocarpos Ruiz & Pav. =Maytenus macrocarpa
Celastrus myrtifolius L. (Rosaceae) =Prunus myrtifolia
Goupia paraensis Huber =Goupia glabra
Goupia tomentosa Aubl. =Goupia glabra
Maytenus floribunda Pittier, non Reissek 1861 =Maytenus pittieriana
Maytenus guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Maytenus guyanensis
Maytenus guianensis f. crenulata Steyerm. =Maytenus guyanensis
Maytenus jauaensis Steyerm. =Maytenus laevis
Maytenus reissekii Urb. =Maytenus myrsinoides
REFERENCES
Kearns, D.M. 1998. Celastraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 190-197.
Loesener, T. 1942. Celastraceae. In A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 20b: 87-197.
Mitchell, J.D. 2002. Celastraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
199-202.
CERATOPHYLLACEAE
P.E. Berry
Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham.
Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. australe (Griseb.) Les
DA
DA
GU
SU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ceratophyllum demersum var. cristatum (Spruce) K. Schum. =Ceratophyllum muricatum
Ceratophyllum lleranae Fassett =Ceratophyllum muricatum
REFERENCES
Les, D.H. 1988. The evolution of achene morphology in Ceratophyllum, II. Fruit variation and systematics of the “spiny-margined”
group. Syst. Bot. 13(1): 73-86.
Les, D.H. 1989. The evolution of achene morphology in Ceratophyllum, IV. Summary of proposed relationships and evolutionary
trends. Syst. Bot. 14(2): 254-262.
Lowden, R.M. 1978. Studies on the submerged genus Ceratophyllum in the Neotropics. Aquatic Botany 4: 127-142.
Wilmot-Dear, 1985. Ceratophyllum revised, a study in leaf and fruit variation. Kew Bull. 40: 243-271.
CHENOPODIACEAE
R.A. DeFilipps†, D.M. Kearns
Chenopodium ambrosioides L. [naturalized]
AM
BO
GU
SU
FG
REFERENCES
Kearns, D.M. 1998. Chenopodiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 198.
Lanjouw, J. 1957. Chenopodiaceae. In A. Pulle & J. Lanjouw, Flora of Suriname 1(2): 291-292.
CHLORANTHACEAE
C.A. Todzia
Hedyosmum intermedium Todzia
Hedyosmum neblinae Todzia
Hedyosmum tepuiense Todzia
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU?
BO
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Hedyosmum brasiliense Mart. [not in flora area]
Hedyosmum racemosum auct., non (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don =Hedyosmum tepuiense
REFERENCES
Todzia, C.A. 1988. Chloranthaceae: Hedyosmum. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 48: 1-138.
Todzia, C.A. 1993. New species of Hedyosmum from northern South America. Novon 3: 81-85.
Todzia, C.A. 1988. Chloranthaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 198-201.
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241
CHRYSOBALANACEAE
G.T. Prance
Acioa guianensis Aubl.
Acioa schultesii Maguire
Acioa somnolens Maguire
Chrysobalanus icaco L.
Chrysobalanus venezuelanus Prance
Couepia bracteosa Benth.
Couepia canescens (Gleason) Prance
Couepia canomensis (Mart.) Benth. ex Hook. f.
Couepia caryophylloides Benoist
Couepia chrysocalyx (Poepp.) Benth. ex Hook. f.
Couepia cognata (Steud.) Fritsch
Couepia cognata var. cognata
Couepia cognata var. major Prance
Couepia cognata var. membranacea Prance
Couepia comosa Benth.
Couepia elata Ducke
Couepia excelsa Ducke
Couepia exflexa Fanshawe & Maguire
Couepia foveolata Prance
Couepia guianensis Aubl.
Couepia guianensis subsp. divaricata (Huber) Prance
Couepia guianensis subsp. glandulosa (Miq.) Prance
Couepia guianensis subsp. guianensis
Couepia habrantha Standl.
Couepia joaquinae Prance
Couepia magnoliifolia Benth. ex Hook. f.
Couepia maguirei Prance
Couepia martinii Prance
Couepia multiflora Benth.
Couepia obovata Ducke
Couepia paraensis (Mart. & Zucc.) Benth.
Couepia paraensis subsp. glaucescens (Spruce ex Hook. f.) Prance
Couepia parillo DC.
Couepia racemosa Benth. ex Hook. f.
Couepia rankinae Prance
Couepia sandwithii Prance
Couepia steyermarkii Maguire
Exellodendron barbatum (Ducke) Prance
Exellodendron coriaceum (Benth.) Prance
Hirtella adderleyi Prance
Hirtella angustissima Sandwith
Hirtella araguariensis Prance
Hirtella bicornis Mart. & Zucc.
Hirtella bicornis var. bicornis
Hirtella bicornis var. pubescens Ducke
Hirtella brachystachya Spruce ex Hook. f.
Hirtella bullata Benth.
Hirtella caduca Fanshawe & Maguire
Hirtella castilloana Prance
Hirtella ciliata Mart. & Zucc.
Hirtella confertiflora Prance
Hirtella cordifolia Prance
Hirtella couepiiflora Prance
Hirtella cowanii Prance & Maguire
Hirtella davisii Sandwith
Hirtella deflexa Maguire [expected in GU]
Hirtella duckei Huber
Hirtella elongata Mart. & Zucc.
Hirtella eriandra Benth. [expected in the Guianas]
Hirtella glabrata Pilg.
Hirtella glandistipula Ducke
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
DA
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
AM
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
GU
FG
AM
AM
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
FG
GU
BO
BO
GU
FG
242
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hirtella glandulosa Spreng.
Hirtella guainiae Spruce ex Hook. f.
Hirtella guyanensis (Fritsch) Sandwith
Hirtella hispidula Miq.
Hirtella liesneri Prance
Hirtella longipedicellata Prance
Hirtella macrophylla Benth. ex Hook. f.
Hirtella macrosepala Sandwith
Hirtella margae Prance
Hirtella mucronata Prance
Hirtella obidensis Ducke
Hirtella orbicularis Prance
Hirtella paniculata Sw.
Hirtella physophora Mart. & Zucc.
Hirtella pimichina Lasser & Maguire
Hirtella piresii Prance
Hirtella punctillata Ducke
Hirtella racemosa Lam.
Hirtella racemosa var. hexandra (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Prance
Hirtella racemosa var. hispida Prance
Hirtella racemosa var. racemosa
Hirtella scabra Benth.
Hirtella schultesii Prance
Hirtella silicea Griseb.
Hirtella subscandens Spruce ex Hook. f.
Hirtella suffulta Prance
Hirtella tentaculata Poepp.
Hirtella tenuifolia Prance
Hirtella triandra Sw.
Hirtella triandra subsp. triandra
Hirtella ulei Pilg.
Licania affinis Fritsch
Licania alba (Bernoulli) Cuatrec.
Licania albiflora Fanshawe & Maguire
Licania amapaensis Prance
Licania apetala (E. Mey.) Fritsch
Licania apetala var. aperta (Benth.) Prance
Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania arachnoidea Fanshawe & Maguire
Licania boyanii Tutin
Licania buxifolia Sandwith
Licania canescens Benoist
Licania cardiophylla Prance
Licania caudata Prance
Licania compacta Fritsch [Mt. Roraima]
Licania cordata Prance
Licania coriacea Benth.
Licania couepifolia Prance
Licania crassivenia Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania cruegeriana Urb.
Licania cuprea Sandwith
Licania cyathodes Benoist
Licania davillifolia Benoist
Licania densiflora Kleinhoonte
Licania discolor Pilg.
Licania divaricata Benth.
Licania egleri Prance
Licania elliptica Standl.
Licania emarginata Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania fanshawei Prance
Licania foldatsii Prance
Licania foveolata Prance
Licania furfuracea Prance
Licania glabriflora Prance
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
AM
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
DA
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
FG
FG
SU
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
DA
GU
AM
GU
BO
BO
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Licania gracilipes Taub.
Licania granvillei Prance
Licania guianensis (Aubl.) Griseb.
Licania heteromorpha Benth.
Licania heteromorpha var. glabra (Mart. ex Hook. f.) Prance
Licania heteromorpha var. heteromorpha
Licania heteromorpha var. perplexans Sandwith
Licania heteromorpha var. subcordata Fritsch
Licania hirsuta Prance
Licania hispida Prance
Licania hitchcockii Maguire
Licania hypoleuca Benth.
Licania hypoleuca var. hypoleuca
Licania imbaimadaiensis Prance
Licania incana Aubl.
Licania intrapetiolaris Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania irwinii Prance
Licania jimenezii Prance
Licania kunthiana Hook. f.
Licania laevigata Prance
Licania lanceolata Prance
Licania lasseri Maguire
Licania lata J.F. Macbr.
Licania latifolia Benth. ex Hook. f.
Licania latistipula Prance
Licania laxiflora Fritsch
Licania leptostachya Benth.
Licania leucosepala Griseb.
Licania licaniiflora (Sagot) S.F. Blake
Licania longistyla (Hook. f.) Fritsch
Licania macrophylla Benth.
Licania majuscula Sagot
Licania maxima Prance
Licania membranacea Sagot ex Laness.
Licania micrantha Miq.
Licania micrantha subsp. atabapoensis Prance
Licania micrantha subsp. micrantha
Licania microphylla Fanshawe & Maguire
Licania minutiflora (Sagot) Fritsch
Licania mollis Benth. [US type from Br. Guiana! R. Schomb. 910]
Licania oblongifolia Standl.
Licania obtusifolia Fritsch [dubious species]
Licania occultans Prance [expected]
Licania octandra (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze
Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania octandra subsp. pallida (Hook. f.) Prance
Licania orbicularis Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania ovalifolia Kleinhoonte
Licania pakaraimensis Prance
Licania pallida Spruce ex Sagot
Licania parviflora Benth.
Licania parvifolia Huber
Licania parvifructa Fanshawe & Maguire
Licania persaudii Fanshawe & Maguire
Licania piresii Prance
Licania polita Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania prismatocarpa Spruce ex Hook. f.
Licania pruinosa Benoist
Licania pyrifolia Griseb.
Licania reticulata Prance
Licania robusta Sagot
Licania rodriguesii Prance
Licania roraimensis Standl. [Mt. Roraima]
Licania rufescens Klotzsch ex Fritsch
243
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
BO
GU
GU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
244
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Licania sandwithii Prance
Licania savannarum Prance
Licania silvae Prance
Licania sp. A
Licania sprucei (Hook. f.) Fritsch
Licania steyermarkii Maguire
Licania stricta Kleinhoonte [dubious species]
Licania subarachnophylla Cuatrec.
Licania tepuiensis Prance
Licania triandra Mart. ex Hook. f.
Licania urceolaris Hook. f.
Licania vaupesiana Killip & Cuatrec.
Licania wurdackii Prance
Parinari campestris Aubl.
Parinari excelsa Sabine
Parinari maguirei Prance
Parinari montana Aubl., emend. Ducke
Parinari pachyphylla Rusby
Parinari parvifolia Sandwith
Parinari rodolphii Huber
Parinari sprucei Hook. f.
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
BO
BO
SU
GU
FG
FG
SU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Balantium cordifolium Desv. ex Ham. =Parinari campestris
Chrysobalanus icaco var. pellocarpus (G. Mey.) Hook. f. =Chrysobalanus icaco
Chrysobalanus incanus (Aubl.) M. Gómez =Licania incana
Chrysobalanus montanus (Aubl.) M. Gómez =Parinari montana
Chrysobalanus pellocarpus G. Mey. =Chrysobalanus icaco
Chrysobalanus savannarum Britton =Chrysobalanus icaco
Chrysobalanus triandra (Sw.) Morales =Hirtella triandra
Couepia calophlebia Standl. =Couepia racemosa
Couepia divaricata Huber =Couepia guianensis subsp. divaricata
Couepia duckei Huber =Couepia paraensis subsp. glaucescens
Couepia glandulosa Miq. =Couepia guianensis subsp. glandulosa
Couepia glaucescens Spruce ex Hook. f. =Couepia paraensis subsp. glaucescens
Couepia leptostachya Benth. ex Hook. f. =Couepia guianensis subsp. guianensis
Couepia myrtifolia Benth. ex Hook. f. =Couepia guianensis subsp. glandulosa
Couepia pauciflora Huber =Couepia parillo
Couepia steudeliana Walp. =Couepia cognata
Couepia surinamensis Kleinhoonte =Couepia guianensis subsp. guianensis
Couepia thyrsiflora Hook. f. =Couepia guianensis subsp. glandulosa
Couepia versicolor Benoist =Couepia guianensis subsp. guianensis
Couepia villosa Fanshawe & Maguire =Couepia parillo
Ferolia amazonica Kuntze =Parinari excelsa
Ferolia coriacea (Benth.) Kuntze =Exellodendron coriaceum
Ferolia excelsa (Sabine) Kuntze =Parinari excelsa
Ferolia montana (Aubl.) Kuntze =Parinari montana
Hirtella aggregata Poir. =Hirtella paniculata
Hirtella americana Jacq. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella americana L. [not in flora area]
Hirtella americana Aubl. =Hirtella racemosa
Hirtella americana var. hexandra (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Hook. f. =Hirtella racemosa var. hexandra
Hirtella amplexicaulis Pilg. =Hirtella bullata
Hirtella apetala E. Mey. =Licania apetala
Hirtella aureohirsuta Pilg. =Hirtella bullata
Hirtella bracteata Mart. & Zucc. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella bracteosa Steud. =Hirtella paniculata
Hirtella canomensis (Mart.) Spreng. =Couepia canomensis
Hirtella castanea DC. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella caudata Kleinhoonte =Hirtella bicornis var. pubescens
Hirtella cauliflora Huber =Hirtella physophora
Hirtella cognata Steud. =Couepia cognata
Hirtella coppenamensis Kleinhoonte =Hirtella obidensis
Hirtella cotticaensis Kleinhoonte =Hirtella physophora
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hirtella damaziana Beauverd =Hirtella glandulosa
Hirtella egensis Fritsch =Hirtella hispidula
Hirtella formicaria Suess. =Hirtella duckei
Hirtella glaberrima Steud. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) =Crudia glaberrima
Hirtella hexandra Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Hirtella racemosa var. hexandra
Hirtella hirsuta Lam. =Hirtella paniculata
Hirtella hookeri Pilg. =Hirtella glandulosa
Hirtella indecora Schott =Hirtella paniculata
Hirtella jamaicensis Urb. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella lanceolata Kleinhoonte =Hirtella obidensis
Hirtella manigera Kleinhoonte =Hirtella silicea
Hirtella melinonii Benoist =Hirtella silicea
Hirtella multiflora Urb. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella nemorosa Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. =Hirtella racemosa
Hirtella octandra Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. =Licania octandra
Hirtella paniculata Lam. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella peruviana Pers. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella praealta Sagot =Hirtella bicornis var. bicornis
Hirtella racemosa Ruiz & Pav. =Hirtella triandra
Hirtella rubra Benth. =Hirtella ciliata
Hirtella scandens Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. =Hirtella racemosa
Hirtella stipitadenia Rusby =Hirtella bullata
Hirtella strigulosa Steud. =Hirtella racemosa
Hirtella subsetosa Fanshawe & Maguire =Hirtella hispidula
Hirtella velutina Pilg. =Hirtella glandulosa
Hirtella violacea Steud. =Hirtella racemosa
Hirtella wachenheimii Benoist =Hirtella glandulosa
Licania anisophylla Standl. =Licania micrantha subsp. micrantha
Licania aperta Benth. =Licania apetala var. aperta
Licania apetala var. pendula (Benth.) Fritsch =Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania arachnites Standl. =Licania parvifolia
Licania aubletiana (Blume) Lemée =Acioa guianensis
Licania axilliflora (Sagot) Hochr. =Licania leptostachya
Licania benthamii Hook. f. =Licania heteromorpha var. heteromorpha
Licania biglandulosa Griseb. ex Urb. =Licania heteromorpha var. heteromorpha
Licania bothynophylla Mart. =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania campinensis Huber =Licania licaniiflora
Licania caracasana Klotzsch ex Hook. f. =Licania apetala var. aperta
Licania costata Spruce ex Hook. f. =Licania heteromorpha var. glabra
Licania crassifolia Benth. =Licania incana
Licania cymosa Fritsch [not in flora area]
Licania dahlgrenii Standl. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania egensis Fritsch =Licania octandra subsp. pallida
Licania exiguifolia Standl. =Couepia cognata var. cognata
Licania floribunda Benth. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania galibica Benoist =Licania membranacea
Licania glabra Mart. ex Hook. f. =Licania heteromorpha var. glabra
Licania gracilis Kleinhoonte =Licania laxiflora
Licania grisea Kleinhoonte =Licania hypoleuca
Licania helvola Spruce ex Hook. f. =Licania micrantha subsp. micrantha
Licania heteromorpha var. divaricata (Benth.) Fritsch =Licania divaricata
Licania hookeri Fritsch =Licania octandra subsp. pallida
Licania hookeri var. obtusa Huber =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania hostmannii Fritsch =Licania majuscula
Licania huberiana Maguire =Licania licaniiflora
Licania hylaea Cuatrec. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania hypagyraea Malme =Licania kunthiana
Licania incana var. axilliflora Sagot =Licania leptostachya
Licania kanukuensis Standl. =Licania densiflora
Licania kuntzeana Urb. =Licania apetala var. aperta
Licania laurifolia Huber =Licania polita
Licania laxa Fanshawe & Maguire =Licania polita
Licania leptostachya var. axilliflora (Sagot) Fritsch =Licania leptostachya
Licania leptostachya var. crassifolia (Benth.) Benoist =Licania incana
245
246
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Licania longifolia Benoist =Licania alba
Licania lucida J.F. Macbr. =Licania mollis
Licania micrantha var. triandra (Mart. ex Hook. f.) Fritsch =Licania triandra
Licania microcarpa Hook. f. =Licania hypoleuca
Licania obovata Benth. ex Hook. f. =Licania latifolia
Licania obovatifolia Maguire =Licania licaniiflora
Licania pachystachya Kleinhoonte =Licania robusta
Licania pallida (Hook. f.) Kuntze =Licania octandra subsp. pallida
Licania pallida Spruce ex Hook. f. =Licania pallida
Licania pallidula Standl. =Licania coriacea
Licania paniculata Fanshawe & Maguire =Licania elliptica
Licania parinarioides Huber =Licania licaniiflora
Licania parviflora (Blume) Lemée, nom. illeg. =Licania obtusifolia
Licania parviflora var. conduplicata Maguire =Licania hypoleuca
Licania parviflora var. membranacea Maguire =Licania kunthiana
Licania parviflora var. pallida Hook. f. =Licania pallida
Licania parvifolia Pittier =Licania hypoleuca
Licania pendula Benth. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Licania petrensis Prance =Licania emarginata
Licania poeppigii Fritsch =Licania polita
Licania pubiflora Benth. =Licania apetala var. aperta
Licania pulchravenia Killip & Cuatrec. =Licania triandra
Licania riparia (Gleason) Standl. =Licania minutiflora
Licania rondonii Pilg. =Licania minutiflora
Licania sclerophylla (Mart. ex Hook. f.) Fritsch [not in flora area]
Licania stahelii Kleinhoonte =Licania ovalifolia
Licania stenocarpa Standl. =Licania octandra subsp. pallida
Licania stipata Fanshawe & Maguire [nomen nudum]
Licania takutuensis Standl. =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania turiuva Cham. & Schltdl., nom. illeg. =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania utilis (Hook. f.) Fritsch =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Licania venosa Rusby =Licania alba
Licania wilson-brownei Maguire =Licania licaniiflora
Moquilea aubletiana Blume, nom. illeg. =Acioa guianensis
Moquilea bothynophylla (Mart.) Hook. f. =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Moquilea canomensis Mart. =Couepia canomensis
Moquilea chrysocalyx Poepp. =Couepia chrysocalyx
Moquilea comosa (Benth.) Walp. =Couepia comosa
Moquilea couepia Steud. =Couepia guianensis
Moquilea floribunda (Benth.) Hook. f. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Moquilea glandulosa (Miq.) Walp. =Couepia guianensis subsp. glandulosa
Moquilea guianensis Aubl. =Licania guianensis
Moquilea kuntzeana (Urb.) R.O. Williams =Licania apetala var. aperta
Moquilea leucosepala (Griseb.) R.O. Williams =Licania leucosepala
Moquilea licaniiflora Sagot =Licania licaniiflora
Moquilea longistyla Hook. f. =Licania longistyla
Moquilea macrocarpa Pittier =Licania pyrifolia
Moquilea minutiflora Sagot =Licania minutiflora
Moquilea multiflora (Benth.) Walp. =Couepia multiflora
Moquilea orinocensis Rusby =Licania apetala var. apetala
Moquilea pallida Hook. f. =Licania octandra subsp. pallida
Moquilea paraensis Mart. & Zucc. =Couepia paraensis
Moquilea pendula (Benth.) Hook. f. =Licania apetala var. apetala
Moquilea pyrifolia (Griseb.) R.O. Williams =Licania pyrifolia
Moquilea riparia Gleason =Licania minutiflora
Moquilea sprucei Hook. f. =Licania sprucei
Moquilea turiuva (Cham. & Schltdl.) Hook. f. =Licania octandra
Moquilea utilis Hook. f. =Licania octandra subsp. octandra
Parinari barbatum Ducke =Exellodendron barbatum
Parinari brachystachya Benth. =Parinari excelsa
Parinari canescens Gleason =Couepia canescens
Parinari coriacea Benth.
Parinari glazioviana Warm. =Parinari excelsa
Parinari guyanense Fritsch =Hirtella guyanensis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
247
Parinari guyanensis (Aubl.) Lemée (Moraceae) =Brosimum rubescens
Parinari hostmannii Fritsch =Couepia cognata
Parinari krukovii Gleason =Couepia guianensis subsp. divaricata
Parinari laxiflora Ducke =Parinari excelsa
Parinari lucidissima Standl. =Parinari rodolphii
Parinari pilosa Standl. =Couepia canomensis
Parinari sylvestris Kuhlm. =Parinari excelsa
Petrocarya campestris (Aubl.) Willd. =Parinari campestris
Petrocarya excelsa (Sabine) Steud. =Parinari excelsa
Petrocarya montana (Aubl.) Willd. =Parinari montana
Salmasia guianensis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Hirtella racemosa
Salmasia racemosa Willd. =Hirtella racemosa
Tachibota guianensis Aubl. =Hirtella racemosa
REFERENCES
Kleinhoonte, A. 1939. Rosaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 426-456.
Prance, G.T. 1972. Chrysobalanaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 9: 1-409.
Prance, G.T. 1981. Notes on Couepia and Hirtella. Brittonia 33: 347-356.
Prance, G.T. 1982. Chrysobalanaceae. Flora de Venezuela 14(2): 325-487.
Prance, G.T. 1986a. Chrysobalanaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 2: 1-146.
Prance, G.T. 1986b. Studies on the flora of the Guianas. 19. New taxa of Chrysobalanaceae for the Flora of the Guianas. Proc.
Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., ser. C. 89: 111-116.
Prance, G.T. 1989. Chrysobalanaceae (supplement). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 9S: 1-267.
Prance, G.T. 1992. New species and new records of neotropical Chrysobalanaceae. Kew Bull. 47: 633-646.
Prance, G.T. 1998. Chrysobalanaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 202246.
Prance, G.T. 2002. Chrysobalanaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 202-212.
Prance, G.T. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1976. Chrysobalanaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora
of Suriname 2(2): 524-555.
CLETHRACEAE
P.E. Berry, J.S. Miller
Clethra guyanensis Klotzsch ex Meisn. [Mt. Roraima]
BO
GU
REFERENCES
Miller, J.S. & P.E. Berry. 1998. Clethraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4:
246-247.
Sleumer, H. 1967. Monographia Clethracearum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 87: 36-175.
Sleumer, H. 1971. Clethraceae. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela 3(1): 171-183.
CLUSIACEAE
P.E. Berry, N.L. Cuello A., B.K. Holst, D.M. Kearns, K. Kubitzki, J.J. Pipoly,
N.K.B. Robson, P.F. Stevens, A.L. Weitzman
Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess.
Calophyllum longifolium Willd.
Calophyllum pachyphyllum Planch. & Triana
Caraipa ampla Ducke
Caraipa densifolia Mart.
Caraipa densifolia subsp. densifolia
Caraipa grandifolia Mart.
Caraipa grandifolia subsp. grandifolia
Caraipa heterocarpa Ducke
Caraipa llanorum Cuatrec.
Caraipa llanorum subsp. cordifolia Kubitzki
Caraipa llanorum subsp. llanorum
Caraipa longipedicellata Steyerm.
Caraipa parvielliptica Cuatrec.
Caraipa parvifolia Aubl.
Caraipa psilocarpa Kubitzki
Caraipa punctulata Ducke
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
BO
GU
FG
AM?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
FG
AM
BO
BO
GU?
GU
SU
FG
248
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Caraipa racemosa Cambess.
Caraipa richardiana Cambess.
Caraipa savannarum Kubitzki
Caraipa sp. A
Caraipa spuria Barb. Rodr.
Caraipa tereticaulis Tul.
Chrysochlamys membranacea Planch. & Triana
Chrysochlamys nicaraguensis (Oerst., Planch. & Triana) Hemsl.
Chrysochlamys pauciflora Steyerm. [may be synonymous with
Chrysochlamys weberbaueri]
Chrysochlamys weberbaueri Engl.
Clusia aishaltonensis Pipoly, sp. nov. ined.
Clusia amabilis Maguire [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia amazonica Planch. & Triana [Section Criuvopsis]
Clusia annularis Maguire [Section Omphalanthera]
Clusia asymmetrica Pipoly [Section Criuva]
Clusia aymardii Pipoly
Clusia brachystyla Maguire
Clusia brachystyla var. brachystyla
Clusia brongniartiana Planch. & Triana [dubious species]
Clusia candelabrum Planch. & Triana
Clusia capituliflora Pipoly, sp. nov. ined.
Clusia cardonae Maguire
Clusia cerroana Steyerm.
Clusia chiribiquetensis Maguire
Clusia cochlitheca Maguire
Clusia columnaris Engl.
Clusia comans (Meisn.) Pipoly
Clusia crassifolia Planch. & Triana
Clusia cuneata Benth.
Clusia duartei Maguire
Clusia duidae Gleason
Clusia fabiolae Pipoly
Clusia flavida (Benth.) Pipoly
Clusia flaviflora Engl.
Clusia fockeana Miq.
Clusia gaudichaudii Choisy
Clusia grammadenioides Pipoly
Clusia grandiflora Splitg.
Clusia gratula Maguire
Clusia guayanae Pipoly
Clusia hammeliana Pipoly
Clusia hexacarpa Gleason
Clusia huberi Pipoly [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia imbricata Steyerm.
Clusia insignis Mart. [=Clusia grandiflora?]
Clusia kanukuana Maguire
Clusia leprantha Mart. [=Clusia purpurea?]
Clusia lopezii Maguire [Section Retinostemon]
Clusia lunanthera Maguire
Clusia macropoda Klotzsch ex Engl. [Section Clusia]
Clusia maguireana Pipoly [Section Criuva]
Clusia martiana Engl. [Section Criuvopsis]
Clusia martinii Sagot [=Clusia palmicida?]
Clusia melchiori Gleason [Section Criuva]
Clusia microstemon Planch. & Triana [Section Phloianthera]
Clusia minor L. [Section Retinostemon]
Clusia multilineata Pipoly [Section Criuva]
Clusia mutica Maguire
Clusia myriandra (Benth.) Planch. & Triana [Section Phloianthera]
Clusia nemorosa G. Mey. [Section Clusia]
Clusia obovata (Spruce ex Planch. & Triana) Pipoly
Clusia octandra (Poepp.) Pipoly
Clusia opaca Maguire [Section Criuva]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
GU
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
GU
GU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
SU
SU
FG
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
DA
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Clusia pachyphylla Gleason [Section Anandrogyne]
Clusia palmicida Rich. ex Planch. & Triana [Section Clusia]
Clusia panapanari (Aubl.) Choisy [Section Phloianthera]
Clusia parvifolia Maguire [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia parvula (Maguire) Pipoly
Clusia phelpsiae Lasser & Maguire [Section Anandrogyne]
Clusia phelpsiana Maguire [expected in GU]
Clusia picta Pipoly, sp. nov. ined.
Clusia platystigma Eyma
Clusia ptaritepuiensis (Steyerm.) Pipoly [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia pusilla Steyerm.
Clusia pusilla subsp. orinocensis Maguire
Clusia pusilla subsp. pusilla [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia radiata Maguire & K.D. Phelps [Section Criuva]
Clusia renggerioides Planch. & Triana [Section Phloianthera]
Clusia robusta Eyma
Clusia rosea Jacq. [=Clusia major L.?]
Clusia rotundifolia Gleason [Section Anandrogyne]
Clusia savannarum Maguire [Section Anandrogyne]
Clusia schomburgkiana (Planch. & Triana) Benth. ex Engl. [Section
Omphalanthera]
Clusia schomburgkii Vesque [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia scrobiculata Benoist
Clusia sipapoana (Maguire) Pipoly [Section Quapoya]
Clusia sp. A [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia sp. B [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia sp. C [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia sp. D [Section Oedematopus]
Clusia spathulaefolia Engl. [Section Brachystemon]
Clusia steyermarkii Maguire [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia stylosa Maguire
Clusia tabulamontana Maguire [Section Clusiastrum]
Clusia troncosii Maguire [Section uncertain]
Clusia viscida Engl. [Section Clusia]
Clusiella axillaris (Engl.) Cuatrec.
Clusiella elegans Planch. & Triana
Clusiella sp. A
Dystovomita sp.
Haploclathra leiantha (Benth.) Benth.
Hypericum marahuacanum N. Robson
Hypericum marahuacanum subsp. chimantaicum N. Robson [expected in GU]
Hypericum marahuacanum subsp. marahuacanum
Hypericum roraimense Gleason [Mt. Roraima]
Hypericum thesiifolium Kunth [expected in GU]
Lorostemon bombaciflorum Ducke
Lorostemon colombianus Maguire
Mahurea exstipulata Benth.
Mahurea exstipulata subsp. duckei (Huber) Kubitzki
Mahurea exstipulata subsp. exstipulata
Mahurea palustris Aubl.
Marila laxiflora Rusby
Marila saramaccana Pulle
Moronobea coccinea Aubl.
Moronobea intermedia Engl.
Moronobea jenmanii Engl.
Moronobea ptaritepuiana Steyerm.
Moronobea ptaritepuiana subsp. neblinensis Maguire
Moronobea ptaritepuiana subsp. ptaritepuiana
Moronobea riparia (Spruce) Planch. & Triana
Neotatea duidae (Kobuski & Steyerm.) P.F. Stevens & A.L. Weitzman
Neotatea longifolia (Gleason) Maguire
Neotatea neblinae Maguire
Platonia insignis Mart.
Quapoya scandens Aubl.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
249
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU?
SU
FG
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
GU
SU
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
250
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rheedia benthamiana Planch. & Triana
Rheedia brasiliensis (Mart.) Planch. & Triana [=Garcinia brasiliensis Mart.]
Rheedia lateriflora L. [=Garcinia humilis (Vahl) C. Adams]
Rheedia macrophylla (Mart.) Planch. & Triana [=Garcinia macrophylla Mart.]
Rheedia madruno (Kunth) Planch. & Triana [=Garcinia madruno (Kunth)
Hammel]
Rheedia martinii Maguire [=Garcinia sp.]
Rheedia virens Planch. & Triana [=Garcinia sp.]
Symphonia globulifera L. f.
Thysanostemon fanshawei Maguire
Thysanostemon pakaraimae Maguire
Tovomita acutiflora M.S. Barros & G. Mariz
Tovomita albiflora A.C. Sm.
Tovomita atropurpurea Steyerm.
Tovomita brasiliensis (Mart.) Walp.
Tovomita aff. brasiliensis (Mart.) Walp.
Tovomita brevistaminea Engl.
Tovomita calodictyos Sandwith
Tovomita caloneura A.C. Sm.
Tovomita carinata Eyma
Tovomita choisyana Planch. & Triana
Tovomita clusiifolia G. Don
Tovomita divaricata Maguire
Tovomita eggersii Vesque
Tovomita elliptica Engl.
Tovomita fanshawei Maguire
Tovomita aff. glazioviana Engl.
Tovomita gracilipes Planch. & Triana
Tovomita grata Sandwith
Tovomita guianensis Aubl.
Tovomita longifolia (Rich.) Hochr.
Tovomita macrophylla (Poepp.) Walp.
Tovomita melinonis Vesque
Tovomita obovata Engl.
Tovomita obscura Sandwith
Tovomita pyrifolia Planch. & Triana
Tovomita rubella Spruce ex Planch. & Triana
Tovomita schomburgkii Planch. & Triana
Tovomita secunda Poepp. ex Planch. & Triana
Tovomita sp. A
Tovomita sp. B
Tovomita sp. C
Tovomita sp. D
Tovomita sp. E
Tovomita sp. F
Tovomita spruceana Planch. & Triana
Tovomita tenuiflora Benth. ex Planch. & Triana
Tovomita umbellata Benth.
Tovomita uniflora G. Don
Tovomita weddelliana Planch. & Triana
Tovomitidium speciosa (Ducke) Ducke [expected in FG]
Vismia baccifera (L.) Triana & Planch.
Vismia baccifera subsp. dealbata (Kunth) Ewan
Vismia cavalcantii M.E. Berg
Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers.
Vismia confertiflora Spruce ex Reichardt
Vismia gracilis Hieron.
Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy
Vismia japurensis Reichardt
Vismia latifolia (Aubl.) Choisy
Vismia lauriformis (Lam.) Choisy [expected in GU]
Vismia laxiflora Reichardt
Vismia macrophylla Kunth
Vismia ramuliflora Miq.
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
DA
SU
FG
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU?
BO
SU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG?
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
SU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Vismia sandwithii Ewan
Vismia schultesii N. Robson
Vismia sessilifolia (Aubl.) Choisy
Vismia sprucei Sprague
Vismia steyermarkii N. Robson
Vismia tenuinervia (M.E. Berg) N. Robson
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Androstylium fockeanum (Miq.) Miq. =Clusia fockeana
Arrudea purpurea Splitg. =Clusia leprantha
Calophyllum antillanum Britton =Calophyllum brasiliense
Calophyllum brasiliense var. antillanum (Britton) Standl. =Calophyllum brasiliense
Calophyllum lucidum Benth. =Calophyllum brasiliense
Calophyllum madruno Kunth =Rheedia madruno
Calophyllum piaroanum A. Castillo & C. Gil =Calophyllum brasiliense
Caopia acuminata (Lam.) Kuntze =Vismia guianensis
Caopia cayennensis (Jacq.) Kuntze =Vismia cayennensis
Caopia guianensis (Aubl.) Lyons =Vismia guianensis
Caopia latifolia (Aubl.) Kuntze =Vismia latifolia
Caopia laxiflora (Reichardt) Kuntze =Vismia laxiflora
Caopia sessilifolia (Aubl.) Kuntze =Vismia sessilifolia
Caraipa angustifolia Aubl. (Chrysobalanaceae) =Couepia sp.
Caraipa ferruginea Steyerm. =Caraipa punctulata
Caraipa glabrata Mart. [not in flora area] =Caraipa grandifolia
Caraipa lacerdaei Barb. Rodr. [not in flora area] =Caraipa grandifolia
Caraipa latifolia Aubl. (Chrysobalanaceae) =Licania membranacea
Caraipa laxiflora Benth. =Caraipa densifolia
Caraipa leiantha Benth. =Haploclathra leiantha
Caraipa longifolia Aubl. (Chrysobalanaceae) =Licania alba
Caraipa paraensis Huber [not in flora area] =Caraipa grandifolia
Caraipa psidiifolia Ducke =Caraipa richardiana
Caraipa simplicior Sandwith ? =Caraipa tereticaulis
Caraipa variabilis Cambess. ? =Caraipa densifolia
Clusia axillaris Engl. =Clusiella axillaris
Clusia brachystyla var. guaiquinimensis Maguire =Clusia brachystyla
Clusia colorans Klotzsch ex Engl. =Clusia panapanari
Clusia columnaris var. magdalenensis Cuatrec. =Clusia columnaris
Clusia columnaris var. vaupesana Cuatrec. =Clusia columnaris
Clusia cucullata Klotzsch [nomen nudum]
Clusia galactodendron Desv. =Clusia minor
Clusia grandifolia Engl. =Clusia candelabrum
Clusia hexacarpa var. ptaritepuiana Steyerm. =Clusia hexacarpa
Clusia insignis var. hoffmannseggiana Engl. =Clusia insignis
Clusia jenmanii Engl. =Clusia myriandra
Clusia longifolia Rich. =Tovomita longifolia
Clusia microphylla Klotzsch ex Engl. =Clusia panapanari
Clusia oedematopoidea Maguire =Clusia amazonica
Clusia parvicapsula Vesque =Clusia minor
Clusia planchoniana Engl. =Clusia schomburgkiana
Clusia planchoniana var. oblongifolia Vesque =Clusia schomburgkiana
Clusia purpurea (Splitg.) Engl. =Clusia leprantha
Clusia pusilla subsp. jauaensis Maguire =Clusia pusilla subsp. pusilla
Clusia pusilla subsp. pakaraimae Maguire =Clusia pusilla subsp. pusilla
Clusia reducta Steyerm. =Clusia opaca
Clusia roraimana Steyerm. =Clusia schomburgkii
Clusia rosea var. colombiana Cuatrec. =Clusia rosea
Clusia scariosa Lasser & Maguire =Clusia pachyphylla
Clusia schomburgkiana var. lakei Maguire =Clusia schomburgkiana
Clusia sessilis Klotzsch ex Engl. [latter homonym of C. sessilis G. Forst.] =Clusia cerroana
Clusia spruceana Planch. & Triana =Clusia schomburgkiana
Clusia stahelii Maguire =Clusia fockeana
Clusia uleana Engl. =Clusia martiana
Clusia venosa Jacq. =Clusia minor
Clusia williamsii Steyerm. =Clusia columnaris
Clusia wurdackiana Pipoly [nom. superfl.] =Clusia cerroana
251
GU
GU?
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
252
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Garcinia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hammel =Rheedia madruno
Garcinia benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly [nomen nudum] =Rheedia benthamiana
Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. =Rheedia brasiliensis
Garcinia macrophylla Mart. =Rheedia macrophylla
Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel =Rheedia madruno
Havetia flavida Benth. =Clusia flavida
Havetia octandra Poepp. =Clusia octandra
Havetiopsis flavida (Benth.) Planch. & Triana =Clusia flavida
Havetiopsis flexilis Spruce ex Planch. & Triana =Clusia flavida
Hypericum acuminatum Lam. =Vismia guianensis
Hypericum bacciferum L. =Vismia baccifera
Hypericum cayennensis Jacq. =Vismia cayennensis
Hypericum guianense Aubl. =Vismia guianensis
Hypericum latifolium Aubl. =Vismia latifolia
Hypericum lauriforme Lam. =Vismia lauriformis
Hypericum reticulatum Poir. =Vismia macrophylla
Hypericum rufescens Lam. =Vismia sessilifolia
Hypericum sessilifolium Aubl. =Vismia sessilifolia
Hypericum silenoides auct. non Juss. 1789. =Hypericum thesiifolium
Hypericum uliginosum Kunth =Hypericum thesiifolium
Mahurea casiquiarensis Benth. =Mahurea exstipulata
Mahurea duckei Huber =Mahurea exstipulata subsp. duckei
Mahurea linguiformis Tul. =Mahurea exstipulata subsp. exstipulata
Mahurea sororopantepuiana Steyerm. =Mahurea exstipulata subsp. exstipulata
Mahurea tomentosa Ducke =Mahurea exstipulata subsp. duckei
Marialvaea brasiliensis Mart. =Tovomita brasiliensis
Marialvaea macrophylla Poepp. =Tovomita macrophylla
Moronobea jenmanii var. fanshawei Maguire =Moronobea jenmanii
Moronobea jenmanii var. jenmanii =Moronobea jenmanii
Moronobea ptaritepuiana f. rosea Steyerm. =Moronobea ptaritepuiana
Moronobea riparia var. fimbrillata R.E. Schult. =Moronobea riparia
Moronobea riparia var. piraparanensis R.E. Schult. =Moronobea riparia
Oedematopus duidae Gleason =Clusia huberi
Oedematopus obovatus Spruce ex Planch. & Triana =Clusia obovata
Oedematopus octandrus (Poepp.) Planch. & Triana =Clusia octandra
Oedematopus parvulus Maguire =Clusia parvula
Oedematopus ptaritepuiensis Steyerm. =Clusia ptaritepuiensis
Oedematopus quadratus Maguire =Clusia obovata
Polythecandra schomburgkiana Planch. & Triana =Clusia schomburgkiana
Quapoya acuminata (Planch. & Triana) Kuntze =Clusia hammeliana
Quapoya bracteolata Sandwith =Clusia hammeliana
Quapoya panapanari Aubl. =Clusia panapanari
Quapoya peruviana (Poepp.) Kuntze =Clusia hammeliana
Quapoya peruviana var. guayanensis Maguire =Clusia hammeliana
Quapoya sipapoana Maguire =Clusia sipapoana
Renggeria comans Meisn. =Clusia comans
Renggeria montana Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Clusia hammeliana
Rengifa acuminata Planch. & Triana =Clusia hammeliana
Rengifa peruviana Poepp. =Clusia hammeliana
Rengifa scandens (Aubl.) Planch. & Triana =Quapoya scandens
Rheedia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch. & Triana =Rheedia madruno
Rheedia kappleri Eyma =Rheedia madruno
Rheedia sagotiana Engl. =Rheedia benthamiana
Symphonia coccinea (Aubl.) Oken =Moronobea coccinea
Symphonia microphylla R.E. Schult. =Symphonia globulifera
Symphonia utilissima R.E. Schult. =Symphonia globulifera
Tovomita angustata Steyerm. =Tovomita weddelliana
Tovomita cephalostigma Vesque =Tovomita umbellata
Tovomita duidae Steyerm. =Tovomita gracilipes
Tovomita guianensis Planch. & Triana, non Aubl. 1775 =Tovomita brevistaminea
Tovomita jenmanii Engl. =Tovomita brevistaminea
Tovomita myriandra Benth. =Clusia myriandra
Tovomita nigrescens Planch. & Triana =Tovomita umbellata
Tovomita richardiana Planch. & Triana [nom. illeg.] =Tovomita longifolia
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
253
Tovomita stigmatosa Planch. & Triana =Tovomita umbellata
Tovomitopsis membranacea (Planch. & Triana) D’Arcy =Chrysochlamys membranacea
Tovomitopsis nicaraguensis Oerst., Planch. & Triana =Chrysochlamys nicaraguensis
Tovomitopsis standleyana (L.O. Williams) D’Arcy =Chrysochlamys weberbaueri
Verticillaria acuminata Ruiz & Pav. =Rheedia madruno
Vismia acuminata (Lam.) Pers. =Vismia guianensis
Vismia amazonica Ewan =Vismia gracilis
Vismia angusta Miq. =Vismia macrophylla
Vismia angustifolia Rusby =Vismia laxiflora
Vismia baccifera subsp. ferruginea (Kunth) Ewan =Vismia guianensis
Vismia caparosa Kunth =Vismia guianensis
Vismia cayennensis var. sessilifolia (Aubl.) M.E. Berg =Vismia sessilifolia
Vismia cayennensis var. tenuinervia M.E. Berg =Vismia tenuinervia
Vismia confertiflora auct. non Spruce ex Reichardt 1878: sensu Ewan =Vismia baccifera subsp. dealbata
Vismia dealbata Kunth =Vismia baccifera subsp. dealbata
Vismia falcata Rusby =Vismia laxiflora
Vismia ferruginea Kunth =Vismia guianensis
Vismia glaziovii Ruhland =Vismia gracilis
Vismia guianensis var. acuminata (Lam.) M.E. Berg =Vismia guianensis
Vismia guianensis var. guianensis =Vismia guianensis
Vismia lindeniana Decne. [not in flora area]
Vismia pentagyna (Spreng.) Ewan [not in flora area]
Vismia reticulata (Poir.) Choisy =Vismia macrophylla
Vismia rufescens (Lam.) Pers. =Vismia sessilifolia
Vismia schomburgkiana Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum]
Vismia tomentosa auct. non Ruiz & Pav. 1798 =Vismia schultesii
REFERENCES
Berg, M.E. van der. 1979. Revisao das espécies brasileiras do gênero Rheedia L. Acta Amaz. 9(1): 43-74.
Ewan, J. 1962. Synopsis of the South American species of Vismia. Contrib. U.S. Nat. Herb. 35(5): 293-377.
Eyma, P.J. 1934. Guttiferae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 65-118.
Kearns, D.M., P.E. Berry, P.F. Stevens, N.L. Cuello A., J.J. Pipoly III, N.K.B. Robson, B.K. Holst, K. Kubitzki, & A.L. Weitzman.
Clusiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4. 1998. 248-329.
Kubitzki, K. 1978. Caraipa and Mahurea (Bonnetiaceae). In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 82-138.
Maguire, B. 1958. Guttiferae. In B. Maguire, J. Wurdack & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part III. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 10(1): 49-61.
Maguire, B. 1961. Guttiferae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part IV. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 10(4): 21-32.
Maguire, B. 1964. Guttiferae subfam. Moronoboideae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana
Highland Part V. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 123-135.
Maguire, B. 1972. Clusiaceae - Quapoya and Renggeria. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part
IX. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 192-195.
Pipoly, J.J. III & M.H.G. Gustafsson. 2002. Clusiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M.
Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New
York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 212-222.
Robson, N.K.B. 1987. Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae). 7. Section 29. Brathys (part 1). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist.
(Bot.) 16: 1-106.
Robson, N.K.B. 1990. Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae). 8. Sections 29. Brathys (part 2) and 30. Trigynobrathys.
Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Bot.) 20: 1-151.
Sandwith, N.Y. 1936. Contributions to the flora of tropical America: XXVI. The genus Tovomita in British Guiana. Kew Bull.
1936: 210-221.
Combretaceae
Alwan Al-Mayah, A.-R. A. & C.A. Stace. 1985. Resurrection of two Eighteenth Century names in American Combretaceae.
Nord. J. Bot. 5(5): 447-449.
Exell, A.W. 1935. Combretaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 164-177.
Exell, A.W. 1953. The Combretum species of the New World. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 55: 103-141.
Exell, A.W. & C.A. Stace. 1963. A revision of the genera Buchenavia and Ramatuella. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) 3: 1-46.
Exell, A.W. & C.A. Stace. 1966. Revision of the Combretaceae. Bol. Soc. Brot. (ser. 2) 40: 5-26.
Kawasaki, M.L. 2002. Combretaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 224-227.
Stace, C.A., A.-R. Alwan. 1998. Combretaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
4: 329-352.
254
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
COMBRETACEAE
A.-R. Alwan, C.A. Stace
Buchenavia amazonia Alwan & Stace
Buchenavia congesta Ducke
Buchenavia fanshawei Exell & Maguire
Buchenavia grandis Ducke
Buchenavia guianensis (Aubl.) Alwan & Stace
Buchenavia macrophylla Eichler
Buchenavia megalophylla van Heurck & Müll. Arg.
Buchenavia nitidissima (Rich.) Alwan & Stace
Buchenavia ochroprumna Eichler
Buchenavia oxycarpa (Mart.) Eichler
Buchenavia pallidovirens Cuatrec.
Buchenavia parvifolia Ducke
Buchenavia pulcherrima Exell & Stace
Buchenavia reticulata Eichler
Buchenavia suaveolens Eichler
Buchenavia tetraphylla (Aubl.) R.A. Howard
Buchenavia viridiflora Ducke
Combretum assimile Eichler
Combretum brevistylum Eichler
Combretum cacoucia Exell ex Sandwith
Combretum decandrum Jacq.
Combretum frangulifolium Kunth
Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz
Combretum glabrum DC.
Combretum laurifolium Mart.
Combretum laxum Jacq.
Combretum llewelynii J.F. Macbr.
Combretum pyramidatum Desv.
Combretum rohrii Exell
Combretum rotundifolium Rich.
Combretum spinosum Bonpl.
Conocarpus erectus L. [expected in DA]
Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn.
Terminalia amazonia (J.F. Gmel.) Exell
Terminalia catappa L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Terminalia crispialata (Ducke) Alwan & Stace
Terminalia dichotoma G. Mey.
Terminalia guaiquinimae Maguire & Exell
Terminalia guyanensis Eichler
Terminalia lucida Hoffmanns. ex Mart.
Terminalia oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.
Terminalia quintalata Maguire
Terminalia ramatuella Alwan & Stace
Terminalia steyermarkii Alwan & Stace
Terminalia tanibouca Rich.
Terminalia virens (Spruce ex Eichler) Alwan & Stace
Terminalia yapacana Maguire
Thiloa paraguariensis Eichler
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Buceras bucida Crantz [not in flora area] =Bucida buceras L.
Buchenavia capitata (Vahl) Eichler =Buchenavia tetraphylla
Buchenavia discolor Diels =Buchenavia ochroprumna
Buchenavia huberi Ducke =Buchenavia grandis
Buchenavia longibracteata Fróes =Buchenavia congesta
Buchenavia ptariensis Steyerm. =Buchenavia tetraphylla
Buchenavia pterocarpa Exell & Stace =Buchenavia suaveolens
Buchenavia stellae Cuatrec. =Buchenavia macrophylla
Buchenavia vaupesana Cuatrec. =Buchenavia tetraphylla
Bucida buceras L. [not in flora area]
FG?
AM
AM
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
SU?
SU?
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG
BO
GU
GU
BO
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
BO
AM
AM
GU?
GU
GU?
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
DA
DA
BO
SU
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
255
Bucida capitata Vahl =Buchenavia tetraphylla
Cacoucia coccinea Aubl. =Combretum cacoucia
Chuncoa amazonia J.F. Gmel. =Terminalia amazonia
Combretum accedens Van Heurck & Müll. Arg. =Combretum laxum
Combretum aubletii DC. =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum brunnescens Gleason =Combretum laxum
Combretum elegans Kunth =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum ferrugineum Hoffmanns. ex Mart. [nomen nudum] =Combretum laxum
Combretum fulgens Gleason =Combretum laxum
Combretum fusiforme Gleason =Combretum glabrum
Combretum guanaiense Rusby =Combretum assimile
Combretum guianense Miq. =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum jacquinii Griseb. =Combretum laxum
Combretum latipaniculatum Rusby =Combretum decandrum
Combretum laxum Aubl. =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum loeflingii Eichler =Combretum fruticosum
Combretum magnificum Mart. =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum oblongifolium Rusby =Combretum laxum
Combretum obtusifolium Rich. =Combretum laxum
Combretum phaeocarpum Mart. =Combretum pyramidatum
Combretum puberum Rich. =Combretum laxum
Combretum pulchellum Mart. =Combretum laxum
Combretum punctatum Steud. =Combretum rotundifolium
Combretum sambuense Pittier =Combretum assimile
Combretum sprucei Eichler =Thiloa paraguariensis
Combretum terminalioides Steud. =Combretum laxum
Conocarpus racemosa L. =Laguncularia racemosa
Gaura fruticosa Loefl. =Combretum fruticosum
Gimbernatea oblonga Ruiz & Pav. =Terminalia oblonga
Gimbernatea obovata Ruiz & Pav. =Terminalia amazonia
Pamea guianensis Aubl. =Buchenavia guianensis
Ramatuela argentea Kunth =Terminalia ramatuella
Ramatuela crispialata Ducke =Terminalia crispialata
Ramatuela crispialata var. obtusa Maguire =Terminalia crispialata
Ramatuela latifolia Maguire =Terminalia virens
Ramatuela maguirei Exell & Stace =Terminalia virens
Ramatuela obtusa (Maguire) Exell & Stace =Terminalia crispialata
Ramatuela virens Spruce ex Eichler =Terminalia virens
Tanibouca guianensis Aubl. =Terminalia dichotoma
Terminalia firma Mart. =Terminalia lucida
Terminalia nitidissima Rich. =Buchenavia nitidissima
Terminalia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud. =Terminalia amazonia
Terminalia odontoptera Van Heurck & Müll. Arg. =Terminalia amazonia
Terminalia opacifolia Maguire & Exell =Terminalia guaiquinimae
Terminalia oxycarpa Mart. =Buchenavia oxycarpa
Terminalia pamea DC. =Buchenavia guianensis
Terminalia virgata Maguire & Exell =Terminalia guaiquinimae
Thiloa inundata Ducke =Thiloa paraguariensis
COMPOSITAE
V.A. Funk, H. Robinson, J.F. Pruski
Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze
Acanthospermum hispidum DC.
Achnopogon steyermarkii Aristeg.
Achnopogon virgatus Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Achyrocline flaccida DC.
Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC.
Achyrocline vargasiana DC.
Acmella brachyglossa Cass.
Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass.
Acmella radicans (Jacq.) R.K. Jansen
Acmella radicans var. debilis (Kunth) R.K. Jansen
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG?
256
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Acmella repens (Walter) Rich. ex Pers.
Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass.
Ageratina ibaguensis (Sch. Bip. ex Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ageratina roraimensis (N.E. Br.) R.M. King & H. Rob. [Mt. Roraima]
Ageratum ballotifolium (Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ageratum conyzoides L. [introduced]
AM
Ageratum houstonianum Mill. [widely cultivated, possibly naturalized]
Ageratum scorpioideum Baker
Ambrosia crithmifolia DC.
Ambrosia microcephala DC.
Ambrosia peruviana Willd. [expected in the Guianas]
Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
AM
Ayapana amygdalina (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
AM
Ayapana trinitensis (Kuntze) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Baccharis brachylaenoides DC.
AM
Baccharis brachylaenoides var. brachylaenoides
AM
Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina (DC.) Maguire & Wurdack
AM
Baccharis densa (N.E. Br.) V.M. Badillo
AM
Baccharis lundii DC.
Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Baccharis rufescens Spreng.
Baccharis schomburgkii Baker
AM
Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers.
AM
Baccharis varians Gardner
Baltimora geminata (Brandegee) Stuessy
Barrosoa metensis (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Bidens alba (L.) DC.
Bidens alba var. radiata (Sch. Bip.) R.E. Ballard
Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth
AM
Bidens pilosa L.
Bidens riparia Kunth
Bidens riparia var. refracta (Brandegee) O.E. Schulz
Blainvillea dichotoma (Murray) Cass.
Brickellia diffusa (Vahl) A. Gray
Calea abelioides S.F. Blake
AM
Calea berteriana DC.
Calea caleoides (DC.) H. Rob.
AM
Calea camani Maguire & K.D. Phelps
AM
Calea divaricata Benth.
Calea esposi Maguire & K.D. Phelps
AM
Calea kunhardtii Maguire
AM
Calea linearifolia Maguire & Wurdack
AM
Calea lucida Maguire & Wurdack
Calea lucidivenia Gleason & S.F. Blake
Calea lucidivenia var. cardonae (Maguire & Wurdack) Pruski
Calea lucidivenia var. lucidivenia
Calea lucidivenia var. orientalis (Maguire & Wurdack) Pruski
Calea lucidivenia var. punctata Maguire & Wurdack
Calea nana Maguire
AM
Calea neblinensis (Maguire & Wurdack) Pruski
AM
Calea nov. sp. 1 Pruski
AM
Calea nov. sp. 2 Pruski
AM
Calea nov. sp. 3 Pruski
AM
Calea nov. sp. 4 Pruski
Calea nov. sp. 5 Pruski
AM
Calea oliveri B.L. Rob. & Greenm.
Calea orbiculata Maguire & Aristeg.
AM
Calea phelpsiae Lasser & Maguire
AM
Calea politii Maguire
AM
Calea punctata Maguire & Wurdack
AM
Calea sipapoana Maguire
AM
Calea solidaginea Kunth
Calea solidaginea subsp. deltophylla (R.S. Cowan) Pruski
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
DA
FG
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Calea sublantanoides V.M. Badillo
Calea tolimana Hieron.
Calea tricephala Maguire
Centratherum punctatum Cass.
Chaptalia integerrima (Vell.) Burkart
Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol.
Chimantaea acopanensis Steyerm.
Chimantaea cinerea (Gleason & S.F. Blake) Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea cinerea subsp. cinerea
Chimantaea cinerea subsp. similis (Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack) Pruski &
O. Huber
Chimantaea eriocephala Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea espeletoidea Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea huberi Steyerm.
Chimantaea humilis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea lanocaulis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea lanocaulis subsp. lanocaulis
Chimantaea lanocaulis subsp. murisipanensis Pruski & O. Huber
Chimantaea mirabilis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chimantaea rupicola Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Chionolaena latifolia (Benth.) Baker
Chromolaena bathyphlebia (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena corymbosa (Aubl.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena ivifolia (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena laevigata (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena maximilianii (Schrad. ex DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena pharcidodes (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena squalida (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena ternicapitulata Pruski
Chromolaena thurnii (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Chromolaena tyleri (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Clibadium armanii (Balbis) Sch. Bip. ex O.E. Schulz
Clibadium surinamense L.
Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill.
Condylidium iresinoides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist [naturalized]
Conyza laevigata (Rich.) Pruski
Conyza primulaefolia (Lam.) Cuatrec. & Lourteig
Cosmos caudatus Kunth [widely cultivated, probably escaping]
Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob. [naturalized]
Cyrtocymura scorpioides (Lam.) H. Rob.
Dasyphyllum vepreculatum (D. Don) Cabrera
Delilia biflora (L.) Kuntze
Duidaea marahuacensis Steyerm.
Duidaea pinifolia S.F. Blake
Duidaea rubriceps S.F. Blake
Duidaea tatei S.F. Blake
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
Egletes florida Shinners
Egletes prostrata (Sw.) Kuntze
Egletes viscosa (L.) Less.
Elaphandra moriana Pruski
Elephantopus hirtiflorus DC.
Elephantopus mollis Kunth
Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Sch. Bip.
Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don [African: cultivated, escaping]
Emilia fosbergii Nicolson
Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex Wight
Erechtites hieracifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC.
Erechtites valerianifolius (Link ex Spreng.) DC.
Erigeron karwinskianus DC.
Fleischmannia microstemon (Cass.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
AM
AM
AM
AM
257
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
FG
GU
GU
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
GU
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
258
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Gamochaeta americana (Mill.) Wedd.
Gamochaeta simplicicaulis (Willd. ex Spreng.) Cabrera
Glossarion bilabiatum (Maguire) Pruski
Glossarion rhodanthum Maguire & Wurdack
Gnaphalium elegans Kunth
Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers. [Mt. Roraima; Sierra de la Neblina, Brazil]
Gochnatia oligocephala (Gardner) Cabrera [expected in GU]
Gongylolepis benthamiana R.H. Schomb.
Gongylolepis bracteata Maguire
Gongylolepis cortesii (S. Díaz) Pruski & S. Díaz [expected in AM]
Gongylolepis erioclada S.F. Blake
Gongylolepis fruticosa Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Gongylolepis glaberrima S.F. Blake
Gongylolepis huachamacari Maguire
Gongylolepis jauaensis (Aristeg., Maguire & Steyerm.) V.M. Badillo
Gongylolepis martiana (Baker) Steyerm. & Cuatrec.
Gongylolepis oblanceolata Pruski
Gongylolepis paniculata Maguire & K.D. Phelps
Gongylolepis paruana Maguire
Gongylolepis pedunculata Maguire
Gongylolepis yapacana Maguire
Guayania bulbosa (Aristeg.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Guayania cerasifolia (Sch. Bip. ex Baker) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Guayania crassicaulis (Steyerm.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Guayania penninervata (Wurdack) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Guayania roupalifolia (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Guayania yaviana (Lasser & Maguire) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Hebeclinium macrophyllum (L.) DC.
Heterocondylus vitalbae (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Huberopappus maigualidae Pruski
Ichthyothere davidsei H. Rob.
Ichthyothere granvillei H. Rob.
Ichthyothere terminalis (Spreng.) S.F. Blake
Imeria memorabilis (Maguire & Wurdack) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Imeria memorabilis var. densesericea Pruski [SW of Neblina]
Imeria memorabilis var. memorabilis
Koanophyllon fuscum (N.E. Br.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Koanophyllon tatei (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Lepidaploa bolivarensis (V.M. Badillo) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa chrysotricha (Alexander) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa cotoneaster (Willd. ex Spreng.) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa ehretiifolia (Benth.) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa gracilis (Kunth) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa imeriensis (V.M. Badillo) Pruski
Lepidaploa pari (V.M. Badillo) H. Rob. [expected in the Guianas]
Lepidaploa remotiflora (Rich.) H. Rob.
Lepidaploa salzmannii (DC.) H. Rob. [Mt. Roraima]
Lessingianthus morilloi (V.M. Badillo) H. Rob.
Lycoseris triplinervia Less.
Melanthera nivea (L.) Small
Mikania amazonica Baker
Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania boomii Pruski
Mikania chaetoloba Pruski
Mikania chlorolepis Baker
Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania cordifolia (L. f.) Willd.
Mikania duidensis B.L. Rob.
Mikania gleasonii B.L. Rob.
Mikania guaco Bonpl.
Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania lindleyana DC.
Mikania lucida S.F. Blake [Mt. Roraima]
Mikania marahuacensis Steyerm. & Maguire
AM
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
DA
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
FG
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
GU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Mikania mazaruniensis W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania michelangeliana Steyerm.
Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania microptera DC.
Mikania neblinensis Aristeg.
Mikania nigropunctulata Hieron.
Mikania pannosa Baker
Mikania parviflora (Aubl.) H. Karst.
Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania rondonensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania simpsonii W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania solidinervia V.M. Badillo
Mikania sprucei Baker
Mikania trinitaria DC.
Mikania vitifolia DC.
Neblinaea promontoriorum Maguire & Wurdack
Neurolaena lobata (L.) R. Br.
Oritrophium marahuacense Steyerm. & Maguire
Orthopappus angustifolius (Sw.) Gleason
Oyedaea scaberrima (Benth.) S.F. Blake
Oyedaea tepuiana (V.M. Badillo) Pruski [expected in the Guianas]
Oyedaea wurdackii Pruski
Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Pectis ciliaris L.
Pectis elongata Kunth
Pectis elongata var. elongata
Pectis elongata var. floribunda (A. Rich.) Keil
Pectis humifusa Sw.
Pectis pygmaea Kunth
Pectis venezuelensis Steyerm. [expected in the Guianas]
Pentacalia freemanii (Britton & Greenm.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia neblinensis Pruski
Pentacalia phelpsiae (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia ptariana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia yapacana (Aristeg.) Cuatrec.
Piptocarpha auyantepuiensis Aristeg.
Piptocarpha jauaensis Aristeg. & Steyerm.
Piptocarpha leprosa (Less.) Baker
Piptocarpha opaca (Benth.) Baker
Piptocarpha opaca subsp. opaca
Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha polycephala Baker
Piptocarpha triflora (Aubl.) Benn. ex Baker
Piptocoma areolata (Wurdack) Pruski
Piptocoma roraimensis (Steyerm.) Pruski
Piptocoma schomburgkii (Sch. Bip.) Pruski
Piptocoma spruceana (Benth.) Pruski
Pluchea carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don [probably cultivated only]
Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass.
Pluchea sagittalis (Lam.) Cabrera [expected in the Guianas]
Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass.
Praxelis asperulacea (Baker) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Praxelis diffusa (Rich.) Pruski
Pseudelephantopus spicatus (Juss.) Rohr
Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Kunth) Cabrera [expected in the Guianas]
Pterocaulon alopecuroides (Lam.) DC.
Quelchia bracteata Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Quelchia cardonae Steyerm.
Quelchia conferta N.E. Br.
Quelchia eriocaulis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Quelchia x grandifolia Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Riencourtia latifolia Gardner
Riencourtia oblongifolia Gardner
259
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
DA
AM
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
260
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Riencourtia pedunculosa (Rich.) Pruski
Rolandra fruticosa (L.) Kuntze
Salmea scandens (L.) DC. [expected in flora area]
Sciadocephala pakaraimae (Maguire & Wurdack) R.M. King & H. Rob.
[expected in BO]
Siapaea liesneri Pruski
Sigesbeckia orientalis L. [naturalized]
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill
Sphagneticola brachycarpa (Baker) Pruski
Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Spilanthes nervosa Chodat
Spilanthes urens Jacq.
Stenocephalum apiculatum (Mart.) Sch. Bip.
Stenopadus campestris Maguire & Wurdack
Stenopadus chimantensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Stenopadus colveei (Steyerm.) Pruski
Stenopadus connellii (N.E. Br.) S.F. Blake
Stenopadus cucullatus Maguire & Wurdack
Stenopadus huachamacari Maguire
Stenopadus jauensis Aristeg.
Stenopadus kunhardtii Maguire
Stenopadus megacephalus Pruski
Stenopadus obconicus Maguire & Wurdack
Stenopadus sericeus Maguire & Aristeg.
Stenopadus talaumifolius S.F. Blake
Stifftia cayennensis H. Rob. & Kahn
Stomatochaeta acuminata Pruski
Stomatochaeta condensata (Baker) Maguire & Wurdack
Stomatochaeta crassifolia (S.F. Blake) Maguire & Wurdack
Stomatochaeta cylindrica Maguire & Wurdack
Stomatochaeta cymbifolia (S.F. Blake) Maguire & Wurdack
Stomatochaeta steyermarkii Aristeg.
Struchium sparganophorum (L.) Kuntze
Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) Á. Löve & D. Löve [cultivated, naturalized]
Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn.
Tagetes erecta L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Tessaria integrifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Trichogonia arguta (Kunth) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Klatt [Mt. Roraima]
Trichospira verticillata (L.) S.F. Blake
Tridax procumbens L.
Tuberculocarpus ruber (Aristeg.) Pruski
Tyleropappus dichotomus Greenm.
Unxia camphorata L. f.
Unxia suffruticosa (Baker) Stuessy
Verbesina angusta Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
Verbesina columbiana B.L. Rob. [expected in the Guianas]
Verbesina guianensis Baker
Verbesina ligulata (Maguire & Wurdack) Pruski [expected in the Guianas]
Verbesina pilosa Maguire & Wurdack
Vernonanthura brasiliana (L.) H. Rob.
Wedelia ambigens S.F. Blake
Wedelia calycina Rich.
Wedelia villosa Gardner
Wulffia baccata (L.) Kuntze
Wulffia rubens Alexander
Xiphochaeta aquatica Poepp.
Youngia japonica (L.) DC. [introduced]
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU?
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
AM
AM
BO
AM
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
FG
BO
BO
GU
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
AM
BO
DA
AM
BO
DA
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank =Acanthospermum australe
Acanthospermum humile var. hispidum (DC.) Kuntze =Acanthospermum hispidum
Achnopogon quelchioides Aristeg. =Achnopogon steyermarkii
Achyrocline satureioides var. vargasianum (DC.) Baker =Achyrocline vargasiana
Acmella brasiliensis Spreng. =Sphagneticola trilobata
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Acmella oppositifolia var. oppositifolia =Acmella repens
Acmella radicans var. radicans [not in flora area]
Adenostemma pakaraimae Maguire & Wurdack =Sciadocephala pakaraimae
Ageratum guianense Aubl. =Hebeclinium macrophyllum
Alomia ballotifolia Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack =Ageratum ballotifolium
Ambrosia cumanensis Kunth =Ambrosia peruviana
Ampherephis aristata Kunth =Centratherum punctatum
Ampherephis mutica Kunth =Centratherum punctatum
Aspilia bolivarana V.M. Badillo =Wulffia baccata
Aspilia rubra Aristeg. =Tuberculocarpus ruber
Aster laevis L. =Symphyotrichum laeve
Augusta benthamiana (R.H. Schomb.) Kuntze =Gongylolepis benthamiana
Augusta condensata (Baker) Kuntze =Stomatochaeta condensata
Augusta martiana (Baker) Kuntze =Gongylolepis martiana
Baccharis brasiliana L. =Vernonanthura brasiliana
Baccharis daphnoides subsp. schomburgkii (Baker) Malag. =Baccharis schomburgkii
Baccharis erioptera Benth. =Pterocaulon alopecuroides
Baccharis ligustrina DC. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Baccharis maguireana Malag. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. brachylaenoides
Baccharis meridensis Steyerm. =Baccharis brachylaenoides
Baccharis ptariensis Steyerm. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Baccharis rhexioides Kunth =Baccharis trinervis
Baccharis roraimae M.R. Schomb. =Baccharis brachylaenoides
Baccharis rufescens var. varians (Gardner) Baker =Baccharis varians
Baccharis schomburgkii subsp. occidentalis Steyerm. & Maguire =Baccharis schomburgkii
Baccharis trinervis var. rhexioides (Kunth) Baker =Baccharis trinervis
Baccharis trinitensis Kuntze =Ayapana trinitensis
Baccharis venulosa DC. =Baccharis brachylaenoides
Baccharis venulosa var. cuspidibracteata Steyerm. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. brachylaenoides
Baccharis vitis-idaea Oliv. ex Thurn, non Kuntze =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Baccharis wurdackiana Malag. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Baccharoides brachylepis (Sch. Bip. ex Baker) Kuntze =Centratherum punctatum
Baccharoides muticum (Kunth) Kuntze =Centratherum punctatum
Baccharoides punctatum (Cass.) Kuntze =Centratherum punctatum
Baillieria aspera Aubl. =Clibadium surinamense
Baillieria barbasco Kunth =Clibadium sylvestre
Baillieria sylvestris Aubl. =Clibadium sylvestre
Baltimora ovata Rusby =Baltimora geminata
Bidens bipinnata var. cynapiifolia (Kunth) M. Gómez =Bidens cynapiifolia
Bidens caudata (Kunth) Sch. Bip. =Cosmos caudatus
Bidens leucantha var. pilosa (L.) Griseb. =Bidens pilosa
Bidens nivea L. =Melanthera nivea
Bidens pilosa f. indivisa Sherff =Bidens pilosa
Bidens verticillata L. =Trichospira verticillata
Buphthalmum strigosum Spreng. =Sphagneticola trilobata
Cacalia cinerea (L.) Kuntze =Cyanthillium cinereum
Cacalia cordifolia L. f. =Mikania cordifolia
Cacalia porophyllum L. =Porophyllum ruderale
Cacalia ruderalis (Jacq.) Sw. =Porophyllum ruderale
Cacalia sonchifolia L. =Emilia sonchifolia
Calea aspera Jacq. =Melanthera nivea
Calea cardonae Maguire & Wurdack =Calea lucidivenia var. cardonae
Calea cardonae subsp. neblinensis Maguire & Wurdack =Calea neblinensis
Calea cardonae var. orientalis Maguire & Wurdack =Calea lucidivenia var. orientalis
Calea clematidifolia Steyerm. =Calea solidaginea subsp. deltophylla
Calea collina Klatt =Calea berteriana
Calea congesta Rusby =Calea solidaginea
Calea deltophylla R.S. Cowan =Calea solidaginea subsp. deltophylla
Calea divaricata var. diffusa Maguire & Wurdack =Calea divaricata
Calea herbert-smithii Rusby =Calea solidaginea
Calea holtonii Rusby =Calea berteriana
Calea huberana V.M. Badillo =Calea tolimana
Calea lobata (L.) Sw. =Neurolaena lobata
Calea lucidivenia f. lanceolata Steyerm. =Calea lucidivenia
261
262
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Calea luetzelburgii Suess. =Calea oliveri
Calea membranacea Maguire & Wurdack =Calea lucidivenia
Calea oliveri var. taeniotricha Steyerm. =Calea oliveri
Calea ovalis subsp. sabanensis Cuatrec. =Calea tolimana
Calea perforata Klatt =Calea solidaginea
Calea prunifolia Kunth [not in flora area]
Calea scandens Griseb. =Calea solidaginea
Calea suffruticosa Maguire & Wurdack =Calea divaricata
Calea suriani Cass. =Neurolaena lobata
Calea ternifolia Oliv. ex Thurn =Calea oliveri
Cardonaea jauaensis Aristeg., Maguire & Steyerm. =Gongylolepis jauaensis
Carphobolus latifolius Sch. Bip. =Piptocarpha opaca subsp. opaca
Centratherum brachylepis Sch. Bip. ex Baker =Centratherum punctatum
Centratherum muticum (Kunth) Less. =Centratherum punctatum
Centratherum punctatum var. parviflorum Baker =Centratherum punctatum
Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth =Acanthospermum australe
Ceratocephalus acmelia var. depauperata Kuntze =Acmella uliginosa
Ceratocephalus urens (Jacq.) Kuntze =Spilanthes urens
Chaptalia integrifolia (Cass.) Baker =Chaptalia integerrima
Chatiakella platyglossa Cass. =Wulffia baccata
Chatiakella stenoglossa Cass. =Wulffia baccata
Chimantaea cinerea f. glabra Steyerm. =Chimantaea cinerea
Chimantaea similis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack =Chimantaea cinerea var. similis
Chionolaena breweri Steyerm. & Maguire =Chionolaena latifolia
Chuquiraga vepreculata D. Don =Dasyphyllum vepreculatum
Chylodia sarmentosa Rich. ex Cass. =Wulffia baccata
Clibadium asperum (Aubl.) DC. =Clibadium surinamense
Clibadium barbasco (Kunth) DC. =Clibadium sylvestre
Clibadium caracasanum DC. =Clibadium surinamense
Clibadium pedunculosum (Rich.) DC. =Riencourtia pedunculosa
Clibadium rotundifolium DC. =Clibadium armanii
Clibadium schomburgkii Sch. Bip. ex M.R. Schomb. =Clibadium sylvestre
Clibadium surinamense var. asperum (Aubl.) Baker =Clibadium surinamense
Clibadium surinamense var. macrophyllum Steyerm. =Clibadium surinamense
Clibadium vargasii DC. =Clibadium sylvestre
Coleosanthus diffusus (Vahl) Kuntze =Brickellia diffusa
Complaya trilobata (L.) Strother =Sphagneticola trilobata
Conoclinium cerasifolium Sch. Bip. ex Baker =Guayania cerasifolia
Conyza alopecuroides Lam. =Pterocaulon alopecuroides
Conyza calophylla Willd. ex Sch. Bip. =Gochnatia oligocephala
Conyza cayennensis Spreng. [name of uncertain application]
Conyza chilensis Spreng. =Conyza primulaefolia
Conyza cinerea L. =Cyanthillium cinereum
Conyza cotoneaster Willd. ex Spreng. =Lepidaploa cotoneaster
Conyza lobata L. =Neurolaena lobata
Conyza riparia Kunth =Tessaria integrifolia
Conyza sagittalis Lam. =Pluchea sagittalis
Conyza scorpioides Lam. =Cyrtocymura scorpioides
Conyza trinervis Lam. =Baccharis trinervis
Coreopsis baccata L. =Wulffia baccata
Cotula viscosa L. =Egletes viscosa
Dermatophyllum schomburgkii Sch. Bip. ex M.R. Schomb. =Stomatochaeta condensata
Diazeuxis latifolia D. Don =Lycoseris triplinervia
Echinocephalum discoideum Baker =Melanthera nivea
Echinops fruticosus L. =Rolandra fruticosa
Echinops nodiflorus Lam. =Rolandra fruticosa
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. =Eclipta prostrata
Eclipta erecta L. [nom. illeg. superfl.] =Eclipta prostrata
Egletes commixta Shinners =Egletes florida
Elephantopus angustifolius Sw. =Orthopappus angustifolius
Elephantopus carolinianus Willd. [not in flora area]
Elephantopus carolinianus var. mollis (Kunth) Beurl. =Elephantopus mollis
Elephantopus decemsquamatus V.M. Badillo =Elephantopus hirtiflorus
Elephantopus martii Graham =Elephantopus mollis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Elephantopus nudiflorus Willd. =Orthopappus angustifolius
Elephantopus pilosus Philipson =Elephantopus mollis
Elephantopus quadriflora Less. =Orthopappus angustifolius
Elephantopus scaber var. tomentosus Sch. Bip ex Baker =Elephantopus mollis
Elephantopus spicatus B. Juss. =Pseudelephantopus spicatus
Elephantopus tomentosus L. =Elephantopus mollis
Elephantopus virgatus Ham. [name of uncertain application]
Emilia javanica (Burm.) C.B. Rob. [not in flora area]
Emilia sagittata (Vahl) DC. [not in flora area]
Erigeron bonariensis L. =Conyza bonariensis
Erigeron canadensis L. =Conyza canadensis
Erigeron chilensis (Spreng.) G. Don =Conyza primulaefolia
Erigeron laevigatus Rich. =Conyza laevigata
Erigeron mucronatus DC. =Erigeron karwinskianus
Ethulia sparganophora L. =Struchium sparganophorum
Eupatorium amarum Vahl =Mikania parviflora
Eupatorium amygdalinum Lam. =Ayapana amygdalina
Eupatorium angulicaule Lasser & Maguire =Guayania yaviana
Eupatorium asperulaceum Baker =Praxelis asperulacea
Eupatorium bathyphlebium B.L. Rob. =Chromolaena bathyphlebia
Eupatorium bulbosum Aristeg. =Guayania bulbosa
Eupatorium cerasifolium Sch. Bip. ex Baker =Guayania cerasifolia
Eupatorium conyzoides Vahl =Chromolaena odorata
Eupatorium corymbosum Aubl. =Chromolaena corymbosa
Eupatorium crassicaule Steyerm. =Guayania crassicaulis
Eupatorium denticulatum Vahl =Mikania cordifolia Mikania micrantha
Eupatorium dichotomum Sch. Bip. =Chromolaena odorata
Eupatorium diffusum Vahl =Brickellia diffusa
Eupatorium duidense V.M. Badillo =Koanophyllon fuscum
Eupatorium fuscum N.E. Br. =Koanophyllon fuscum
Eupatorium ibaguense Sch. Bip. ex Hieron. =Ageratina ibaguensis
Eupatorium ibaguense var. indiscretum Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack =Ageratina ibaguensis
Eupatorium inulifolium Kunth =Austroeupatorium inulifolium
Eupatorium iresinoides Kunth =Condylidium iresinoides
Eupatorium ivifolium L. =Chromolaena ivifolia
Eupatorium ivifolium var. gracillima Baker =Chromolaena ivifolia
Eupatorium ixodes Benth. =Ayapana amygdalina
Eupatorium karuaiense V.M. Badillo =Praxelis asperulacea
Eupatorium kavanayense V.M. Badillo =Koanophyllon fuscum
Eupatorium laevigatum Lam. =Chromolaena laevigata
Eupatorium macrophyllum L. =Hebeclinium macrophyllum
Eupatorium martiusii DC. =Chromolaena squalida
Eupatorium memorabile Maguire & Wurdack =Imeria memorabilis
Eupatorium metense B.L. Rob. =Barrosoa metensis
Eupatorium microstemon Cass. =Fleischmannia microstemon
Eupatorium microstemon var. albiflorum Kuntze =Fleischmannia microstemon
Eupatorium microstemon var. lilacinum Kuntze =Fleischmannia microstemon
Eupatorium morichalanum Aristeg. =Barrosoa metensis
Eupatorium obscurum DC. =Chromolaena ivifolia
Eupatorium odoratum L. =Chromolaena odorata
Eupatorium parviflorum Aubl. =Mikania parviflora
Eupatorium pauciflorum Kunth =Praxelis diffusa
Eupatorium penninervatum Wurdack =Guayania penninervata
Eupatorium pharcidodes B.L. Rob. =Chromolaena pharcidodes
Eupatorium pharcidodes var. pentanthum S.F. Blake =Chromolaena pharcidodes
Eupatorium pharcidodes var. sororopanensis Steyerm. =Chromolaena pharcidodes
Eupatorium psiadiifolium DC. =Chromolaena laevigata
Eupatorium ptaretepuiense V.M. Badillo =Ageratina ibaguensis
Eupatorium roraimensis N.E. Br. =Ageratina roraimensis
Eupatorium roraimensis f. albisetum Steyerm. =Ageratina roraimensis
Eupatorium roupalifolium B.L. Rob. =Guayania roupalifolia
Eupatorium roupalifolium f. latifolium Steyerm. =Guayania roupalifolia
Eupatorium roupalifolium var. subintegrifolium Steyerm. =Guayania roupalifolia
Eupatorium schomburgkii Benth. =Baccharis brachylaenoides
263
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Eupatorium sieberianum DC. =Condylidium iresinoides
Eupatorium squalidum DC. =Chromolaena squalida
Eupatorium squalidum var. subvelutinum (DC.) Baker =Chromolaena squalida
Eupatorium squiresii Rusby ex B.L. Rob. =Ayapana trinitensis
Eupatorium subvelutinum DC. =Chromolaena squalida
Eupatorium surinamense Sch. Bip. ex Miq. =Ayapana trinitensis
Eupatorium tatei B.L. Rob. =Koanophyllon tatei
Eupatorium tepuianum Steyerm. =Guayania roupalifolia
Eupatorium thurnii B.L. Rob. =Chromolaena thurnii
Eupatorium triflorum Aubl. =Piptocarpha triflora
Eupatorium trinitense (Kuntze) Rusby & B.L. Rob. =Ayapana trinitensis
Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl =Ayapana triplinervis
Eupatorium tyleri B.L. Rob. =Chromolaena tyleri
Eupatorium urticifolium L. f. =Praxelis diffusa
Eupatorium vitalbae DC. =Heterocondylus vitalbae
Eupatorium wageneri Hieron. =Condylidium iresinoides
Eupatorium yavianum Lasser & Maguire =Guayania yaviana
Eurydochus bracteatus Maguire & Wurdack =Gongylolepis wurdackii
Eurydochus cortesii S. Díaz = Gonglolepis cortesii (S.Díaz) Pruski & S. Díaz
Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera =Gamochaeta simplicicaulis
Geissopappus caleoides (DC.) Benth. ex Baker =Calea caleoides
Glossarion rhodanthum var. bracteatum Maguire =Glossarion rhodanthum
Gnaphalium americanum Mill. =Gamochaeta americana
Gnaphalium purpureum var. americanum (Mill.) Klatt =Gamochaeta americana
Gnaphalium purpureum var. simplicicaule (Willd. ex Spreng.) Klatt =Gamochaeta simplicicaulis
Gnaphalium satureioides Lam. =Achyrocline satureioides
Gnaphalium satureioides var. vargasianum (DC.) Kuntze =Achyrocline vargasiana
Gnaphalium schomburgkii Sch. Bip. [nomen nudum] =Gnaphalium polycaulon
Gnaphalium simplicicaule Willd. ex Spreng. =Gamochaeta simplicicaulis
Gnaphalium spicatum Lam. =Gamochaeta americana
Gnaphalium suaveolens Vell. =Pluchea sagittalis
Gochnatia calophylla (Sch. Bip.) V.M. Badillo =Gochnatia oligocephala
Gongylolepis benthamiana var. pubescens Maguire & Wurdack =Gongylolepis benthamiana
Gongylolepis cabreraei V.M. Badillo =Gongylolepis benthamiana
Gongylolepis huachamacari subsp. neblinensis Maguire & Wurdack =Gongylolepis huachamacari
Gongylolepis maroana V.M. Badillo =Gongylolepis martiana
Gongylolepis paniculata var. umbellata Maguire & K.D. Phelps =Gongylolepis paniculata
Gongylolepis terramarae Steyerm. =Gongylolepis paniculata
Greenmania boladorensis Hieron. =Unxia camphorata
Guaicaia bilabiata Maguire =Glossarion bilabiatum
Guayania davidsei R.M. King & H. Rob. =Guayania crassicaulis
Heterothalamus densus N.E. Br. =Baccharis densa
Ichthyothere cunabi Mart. =Ichthyothere terminalis
Ichthyothere suffruticosa var. pilosa Aristeg. =Ichthyothere terminalis
Imeria serratifolia V.M. Badillo =Imeria memorabilis var. memorabilis
Inula primulifolia Lam. =Conyza primulaefolia
Kleinia ruderalis Jacq. =Porophyllum ruderale
Koanophyllon kavanayense (V.M. Badillo) R.M. King & H. Rob. =Koanophyllon fuscum
Kuhnia arguta Kunth =Trichogonia arguta
Lagascea mollis Cav. [not in flora area]
Latreillea glabrata Benth. =Ichthyothere terminalis
Lepidaploa auyantepuiensis (Aristeg.) H. Rob. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Leria integrifolia Cass. =Chaptalia integerrima
Leucopholis latifolia Benth. =Chionolaena latifolia
Lipochaeta scaberrima Benth. =Oyedaea scaberrima
Lucilia breweri (Steyerm. & Maguire) V.M. Badillo =Chionolaena latifolia
Lycoseris latifolia (D. Don) Benth. =Lycoseris triplinervia
Lycoseris oblongifolia Rusby =Lycoseris triplinervia
Marsea bonariensis (L.) V.M. Badillo =Conyza bonariensis
Melampodium australe Loefl. =Acanthospermum australe
Melampodium bonairense Bold. =Baltimora geminata
Melampodium camphoratum (L. f.) Baker =Unxia camphorata
Melampodium geminata Brandegee =Baltimora geminata
Melampodium ruderale Sw. =Eleutheranthera ruderalis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Melampodium suffruticosum Baker =Unxia suffruticosa
Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Steud ex Small =Melanthera nivea
Mikania acrensis B.L. Rob. =Mikania lindleyana
Mikania amara (Vahl) Willd. =Mikania parviflora
Mikania amara var. guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.) Baker =Mikania guaco
Mikania anzoatiguensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania vitifolia
Mikania argyrostigma Miq. =Mikania guaco
Mikania aschersonii sensu Pruski, non Hieron. =Mikania chlorolepis
Mikania aspera Miq. =Mikania guaco
Mikania atriplicifolia Sch. Bip. ex Miq. =Mikania congesta
Mikania auyantepuensis S.F. Blake =Mikania sprucei
Mikania auyantepuensis var. brevipedicellata Steyerm. =Mikania sprucei
Mikania banisteriae var. gabrieli (Baker) G.M. Barroso =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania bolivarensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania pannosa
Mikania capayensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania trinitaria
Mikania denticulata (Vahl) Willd. =Mikania micrantha
Mikania divaricata Poepp. =Mikania parviflora
Mikania florida Aristeg. =Mikania lucida
Mikania fockeana Miq. =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania gabrieli Baker =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania gonoclada DC. =Mikania cordifolia
Mikania gracilipes B.L. Rob. [not in flora area]
Mikania gracilis Sch. Bip. ex Miq. =Mikania vitifolia
Mikania hexagona B.L. Rob. =Mikania microptera
Mikania hirsutissima DC. =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania hookeriana var. crassicaulis Steyerm. =Mikania hookeriana
Mikania hookeriana var. platyphylla (DC.) B.L. Rob. =Mikania hookeriana
Mikania hostmannii Miq. =Mikania cordifolia
Mikania javitensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania nigropunctulata
Mikania karuaiensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania kavanayensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania lanata Sch. Bip. [not in flora area]
Mikania manaosensis Hieron. =Mikania sprucei
Mikania micrantha var. congesta (DC.) B.L. Rob. =Mikania congesta
Mikania orinocensis Kunth =Mikania micrantha
Mikania parkeriana DC. =Mikania congesta
Mikania phelpsii Maguire & Steyerm. =Mikania lucida
Mikania platyphylla DC. =Mikania hookeriana
Mikania psilostachya var. racemulosa (Benth.) Baker =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania psilostachya var. scabra (DC.) Baker =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania ptaretepuiensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania punctata Klatt =Mikania vitifolia
Mikania racemulosa Benth. =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania roraimensis B.L. Rob. =Mikania sprucei
Mikania ruiziana Poepp. =Mikania banisteriae
Mikania santamensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania trinitaria
Mikania scabra DC. =Mikania psilostachya
Mikania scandens var. congesta (DC.) Baker =Mikania congesta
Mikania scandens var. microptera (DC.) Baker =Mikania microptera
Mikania serratifolia Sieber ex DC. =Condylidium iresinoides
Mikania sprucei var. roraimensis (B.L. Rob.) Aristeg. =Mikania sprucei
Mikania stictophora Steyerm. =Mikania sprucei
Mikania stipitata Sch. Bip. ex Miq. =Mikania parviflora
Mikania surinamensis Miq. =Mikania cordifolia
Mikania tepuiensis V.M. Badillo =Mikania nigropunctulata
Mikania tillettii R.M. King & H. Rob. =Mikania gleasonii
Mikania vitrea B.L. Rob. =Mikania hookeriana
Monanthemum cruegeri Griseb. =Piptocarpha triflora
Neurolaena suriani (Cass.) Cass. =Neurolaena lobata
Ogiera ruderalis (Sw.) Griseb. =Eleutheranthera ruderalis
Oliganthes areolata Wurdack =Piptocoma areolata
Oliganthes roraimensis Steyerm. =Piptocoma roraimensis
Oliganthes schomburgkii Sch. Bip. =Piptocoma schomburgkii
Oliganthes spruceana Benth. =Piptocoma spruceana
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ooclinium clavatum Benth. =Chromolaena ivifolia
Ooclinium villosum (Cass.) DC. =Praxelis diffusa
Oyedaea blakeana Steyerm. =Oyedaea scaberrima
Oyedaea rusbyi S.F. Blake [not in flora area]
Pectis linifolia var. linifolia [not in flora area]
Pentacalia gransabanensis (Aristeg.) Cuatrec. =Pentacalia freemanii
Pentacalia nigella (V.M. Badillo) Cuatrec. =Pentacalia freemanii
Piptocarpha cruegeri (Griseb.) Baker =Piptocarpha triflora
Piptocarpha foliosa Cuatrec. =Piptocarpha poeppigiana
Piptocarpha kavanayensis V.M. Badillo =Piptocarpha polycephala
Piptocarpha opaca var. latifolia (Sch. Bip.) Baker =Piptocarpha opaca subsp. opaca
Piptocarpha paraensis Cabrera =Piptocarpha poeppigiana
Piptocarpha sprucei Baker =Piptocarpha leprosa
Piptocarpha tereticaulis (DC.) Baker =Piptocarpha poeppigiana
Piptocarpha upatensis V.M. Badillo =Gochnatia oligocephala
Pluchea purpurascens (Sw.) DC. =Pluchea odorata
Pluchea suaveolens (Vell.) Kuntze =Pluchea sagittalis
Pollalesta areolata (Wurdack) Aristeg. =Piptocoma areolata
Pollalesta faustiana Stutts =Piptocoma schomburgkii
Pollalesta milleri (Johnst.) Aristeg. [not in flora area]
Pollalesta roraimensis (Steyerm.) Aristeg. =Piptocoma roraimensis
Pollalesta schomburgkii (Sch. Bip.) Aristeg. =Piptocoma schomburgkii
Pollalesta spruceana (Benth.) Aristeg. =Piptocoma spruceana
Polymnia stenocarpha S.F. Blake =Unxia suffruticosa
Polymnia suffruticosa (Baker) V.M. Badillo =Unxia suffruticosa
Porophyllum ellipticum (L.) Cass. =Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum latifolium Benth. =Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum macrocephalum DC. =Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum porophyllum (L.) Kuntze =Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum ruderale subsp. macrocephalum (DC.) R.R. Johnson =Porophyllum ruderale
Praxelis karuaiensis (V.M. Badillo) R.M. King & H. Rob. =Praxelis asperulacea
Praxelis pauciflora (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob. =Praxelis diffusa
Praxelis villosa Cass. =Praxelis diffusa
Pseudelephantopus spiralis (Less.) Cronquist [not in flora area]
Pseudobaccharis densa (N.E. Br.) V.M. Badillo =Baccharis densa
Pseudobaccharis ligustrina (DC.) I.L. Teodoro =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Pseudobaccharis rhexioides (Kunth) V.M. Badillo =Baccharis trinervis
Pseudobaccharis trinervis (Lam.) V.M. Badillo =Baccharis trinervis
Psila brachylaenoides (DC.) Aristeg. =Baccharis brachylaenoides
Psila brachylaenoides var. ligustrina (DC.) Aristeg. =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Psila densa (N.E. Br.) V.M. Badillo =Baccharis densa
Psila ligustrina (DC.) Cabrera =Baccharis brachylaenoides var. ligustrina
Psila trinervis (Lam.) Cabrera =Baccharis trinervis
Pterocaulon virgatum var. alopecuroides (Lam.) Griseb. =Pterocaulon alopecuroides
Riencourtia glomerata Cass. =Riencourtia pedunculosa
Riencourtia ovata S.F. Blake =Riencourtia latifolia
Riencourtia pittieri S.F. Blake =Riencourtia latifolia
Rolandra argentea Rottb. =Rolandra fruticosa
Rolandra septans Willd. ex Less. =Trichospira verticillata
Rolandra terminalis Spreng. =Ichthyothere terminalis
Schomburgkia caleoides DC. =Calea caleoides
Senecio chenopodioides Kunth =Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides
Senecio confusus Britten =Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides
Senecio freemanii Britton & Greenm. =Pentacalia freemanii
Senecio gransabanensis Aristeg. =Pentacalia freemanii
Senecio hieracifolius L. =Erechtites hieracifolius
Senecio nigellus V.M. Badillo =Pentacalia freemanii
Senecio phelpsiae Cuatrec. =Pentacalia phelpsiae
Senecio ptarianus Cuatrec. =Pentacalia ptariana
Senecio valerianifolius Wolf =Erechtites valerianifolius
Senecio yapacanus Aristeg. =Pentacalia yapacana
Seruneum scaberrimum (Benth.) Kuntze =Wedelia calycina
Silphium trilobatum L. =Sphagneticola trilobata
Sonchus oleraceus L. [not in flora area]
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Sonchus oleraceus var. asper L. =Sonchus asper
Sparganophorus sparganophora (L.) C. Jeffrey =Struchium sparganophorum
Sparganophorus vaillantii Crantz =Struchium sparganophorum
Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray =Acmella sp.
Spilanthes acmella var. uliginosa (Sw.) Baker =Acmella uliginosa
Spilanthes barinensis Aristeg. =Spilanthes nervosa
Spilanthes ciliata Kunth =Acmella ciliata
Spilanthes debilis Kunth =Acmella radicans var. debilis
Spilanthes oppositifolia (Lam.) D’Arcy =Acmella repens
Spilanthes paniculata Wall. [not in flora area] =Acmella sp.
Spilanthes radicans Jacq. =Acmella radicans
Spilanthes repens Spreng. ex DC. =Spilanthes urens
Spilanthes tenella Kunth =Acmella radicans var. debilis
Spilanthes uliginosa Sw. =Acmella uliginosa
Spilanthes uliginosa var. discoidea Aristeg. =Acmella uliginosa
Spilanthes urens var. megalophylla S.F. Blake =Spilanthes urens
Spilanthes urens var. nervosa (Chodat) Hassl. =Spilanthes nervosa
Spiracantha cornifolia Kunth [not in flora area]
Stenopadus affinis Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack =Stenopadus talaumifolius
Stenopadus cardonae Maguire & Lasser =Stenopadus talaumifolius
Stenopadus cinereus Gleason & S.F. Blake =Chimantaea cinerea
Stenopadus cinereus f. glabra Steyerm. =Chimantaea cinerea
Stenopadus condensatus (Baker) S.F. Blake =Stomatochaeta condensata
Stenopadus crassifolius S.F. Blake [not in flora area]
Stenopadus cymbifolius S.F. Blake =Stomatochaeta cymbifolia
Stenopadus eurylepis S.F. Blake [not in flora area]
Stenopadus guaiquinimensis V.M. Badillo =Stomatochaeta condensata
Stenopadus kunhardtii var. grandifolia Maguire =Stenopadus kunhardtii
Stenopadus neblinensis Maguire & Wurdack =Stenopadus talaumifolius
Stenopadus steyermarkii Aristeg. =Stenopadus talaumifolius
Stenopadus stipitatus Maguire & Wurdack =Stenopadus kunhardtii
Stenopadus talaumifolius var. magnifolius Steyerm. =Stenopadus talaumifolius
Stenopadus variabilis S.F. Blake =Stomatochaeta condensata
Stenopadus ventricosus Maguire & Aristeg. =Stenopadus sericeus
Stifftia benthamiana (R.H. Schomb.) Baker =Gongylolepis benthamiana
Stifftia condensata Baker =Stomatochaeta condensata
Stifftia connellii N.E. Br. =Stenopadus connellii
Stifftia martiana Baker =Gongylolepis martiana
Stilpnopappus aquaticus (Poepp.) M.O. Dillon =Xiphochaeta aquatica
Stilpnopappus viridis Benth. ex Baker =Xiphochaeta aquatica
Stomatochaeta colveei Steyerm. =Stenopadus colveei
Tephrothamnus calophyllus Sch. Bip. =Gochnatia oligocephala
Tessaria dentata Ruiz & Pav. =Tessaria integrifolia
Thelechitonia brachycarpa (Baker) H. Rob. & Cuatrec. =Sphagneticola brachycarpa
Thelechitonia muricata Cuatrec. =Sphagneticola brachycarpa
Thelechitonia trilobata (L.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec. =Sphagneticola trilobata
Tilesia baccata var. baccata =Wulffia baccata
Tilesia capitata G. Mey. =Wulffia baccata
Tilesia rubens (Alexander) Pruski =Wulffia rubens
Trichospira biaristata Less. =Trichospira verticillata
Trichospira menthoides Kunth =Trichospira verticillata
Trichospira prieurei DC. =Trichospira verticillata
Trichospira pulegium Mart. ex DC. =Trichospira verticillata
Trinchinettia caleoides (DC.) Endl. =Calea caleoides
Trixis pedunculosa Rich. =Riencourtia pedunculosa
Tussilago integerrima Vell. =Chaptalia integerrima
Tussilago nutans L. =Chaptalia nutans
Unxia kubitzkii H. Rob. =Unxia suffruticosa
Verbesina alata L. [not in flora area]
Verbesina alba L. =Eclipta prostrata
Verbesina nodiflora L. =Synedrella nodiflora
Verbesina prostrata L. =Eclipta prostrata
Verbesina schomburgkii subsp. ligulata Maguire & Wurdack =Verbesina ligulata
Verbesina schomburgkii subsp. schomburgkii =Verbesina guianensis
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Verbesina weberbaueri Sagást. =Verbesina columbiana
Vernonia apiculata Mart. ex DC. =Stenocephalum apiculatum
Vernonia auyantepuiensis Aristeg. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Vernonia bolivarensis V.M. Badillo =Lepidaploa bolivarensis
Vernonia brasiliana (L.) Druce =Vernonanthura brasiliana
Vernonia cardonae Aristeg. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Vernonia chrysotricha Alexander =Lepidaploa chrysotricha
Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. =Cyanthillium cinereum
Vernonia cotoneaster (Willd. ex Spreng.) Less. [misident. of Lepidaploa gracilis H. Rob.] =Lepidaploa cotoneaster
Vernonia decantha Sch. Bip. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Vernonia ehretiifolia Benth. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Vernonia glandulosa V.M. Badillo =Lepidaploa bolivarensis
Vernonia gracilis Kunth =Lepidaploa gracilis
Vernonia guianensis V.M. Badillo =Lepidaploa salzmannii
Vernonia imeriensis V.M. Badillo =Lepidaploa imeriensis
Vernonia leprosa Less. =Piptocarpha leprosa
Vernonia miersiana Gardner =Lepidaploa salzmannii
Vernonia morilloi V.M. Badillo =Lessingianthus morilloi
Vernonia moritziana Sch. Bip. =Lepidaploa gracilis
Vernonia odoratissima Kunth =Vernonanthura brasiliana
Vernonia opaca Benth. =Piptocarpha opaca
Vernonia pari V.M. Badillo =Lepidaploa pari
Vernonia poeppigiana DC. =Piptocarpha poeppigiana
Vernonia remotiflora Rich. =Lepidaploa remotiflora
Vernonia scabra Pers. =Vernonanthura brasiliana
Vernonia schomburgkiana Sch. Bip. =Lepidaploa ehretiifolia
Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. =Cyrtocymura scorpioides
Vernonia sericea Rich. [not in flora area] =Lepidaploa sericea (Rich.) H. Rob.
Vernonia sessiliflora Willd. =Lepidaploa remotiflora
Vernonia tereticaulis DC. =Piptocarpha poeppigiana
Vernonia tricephala auct. non Gardner =Lepidaploa pari
Vernonia tricholepis DC. =Lepidaploa remotiflora
Wedelia brachycarpa Baker =Sphagneticola brachycarpa
Wedelia brasiliensis (Spreng.) S.F. Blake [nom. illeg.] =Sphagneticola trilobata
Wedelia brasiliensis var. villosa (Baker) S.F. Blake =Sphagneticola brachycarpa
Wedelia caracasana DC. =Wedelia calycina
Wedelia discoidea Less. =Eleutheranthera ruderalis
Wedelia frutescens Jacq. =Wedelia calycina
Wedelia fruticosa Jacq. [not in flora area. Misident. of W. calycina Rich.]
Wedelia jacquini O.E. Schulz =Wedelia calycina
Wedelia paludosa DC. =Sphagneticola trilobata
Wedelia paludosa var. villosa Baker ? =Sphagneticola brachycarpa
Wedelia parviflora Rich. =Wedelia calycina
Wedelia psammophila Poepp. =Eclipta prostrata
Wedelia rubra (Aristeg.) B.L. Turner =Tuberculocarpus ruber
Wedelia scaberrima Benth. =Wedelia calycina
Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. =Sphagneticola trilobata
Willoughbya amazonica (Baker) Kuntze =Mikania amazonica
Willoughbya argyrostigma (Miq.) Kuntze =Mikania guaco
Willoughbya aspera (Miq.) Kuntze =Mikania guaco
Willoughbya banisteriae (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania banisteriae
Willoughbya chlorolepis (Baker) Kuntze =Mikania chlorolepis
Willoughbya cordifolia (L. f.) Kuntze =Mikania cordifolia
Willoughbya divaricata (Poepp.) Kuntze =Mikania parviflora
Willoughbya gabrieli (Baker) Kuntze =Mikania banisteriae
Willoughbya gracilis (Sch. Bip. ex Miq.) Kuntze =Mikania vitifolia
Willoughbya guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kuntze =Mikania guaco
Willoughbya hirsutissima (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania banisteriae
Willoughbya lindleyana (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania lindleyana
Willoughbya micrantha (Kunth) Rusby =Mikania micrantha
Willoughbya pannosa (Baker) Kuntze =Mikania pannosa
Willoughbya parviflora (Aubl.) Kuntze =Mikania parviflora
Willoughbya parviflora var. guaco (Bonpl.) Kuntze =Mikania guaco
Willoughbya platyphylla (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania hookeriana
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
269
Willoughbya psilostachya (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania psilostachya
Willoughbya scabra (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania psilostachya
Willoughbya scandens var. congesta (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania congesta
Willoughbya scandens var. orinocensis (Kunth) Kuntze =Mikania micrantha
Willoughbya sprucei (Baker) Kuntze =Mikania sprucei
Willoughbya stipitata (Sch. Bip. ex Miq.) Kuntze =Mikania parviflora
Willoughbya trinitaria (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania trinitaria
Willoughbya vitifolia (DC.) Kuntze =Mikania vitifolia
Wulffia capitata (G. Mey.) Sch. Bip. =Wulffia baccata
Wulffia maculata DC. =Wulffia baccata
Wulffia platyglossa (Cass.) DC. =Wulffia baccata
Wulffia stenoglossa (Cass.) DC. =Wulffia baccata
Zexmenia scaberrima (Benth.) Baker =Oyedaea scaberrima
Zexmenia tepuiana V.M. Badillo =Oyedaea tepuiana
REFERENCES
Aristeguieta, L. 1964. Compositae. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela 10: 1-947.
Badillo, V.M. 1994 (1995). Enumeración de las Compuestas (Asteraceae) de Venezuela. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía
(Maracay) 45: 1–191.
Bremer, K. 1994. Asteraceae: Cladistics & Classification. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
Funk, V.A. 1991. The Compositae of the Guianas, I: Heliantheae (Heliantheae, Tageteae, Coreopsideae). Rhodora 93(875): 256267.
King, R.M., and H. Robinson. 1987. The genera of the Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). Monogrographs in Systematic Botany Missouri
Botanical Garden 22: 1–581.
Koster, J.T. 1938. Compositae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(2): 87-165.
Pruski, J.F. 1991 (1993). Compositae of the Guayana Highland - V. The Mutisieae of the lost world of Brazil, Colombia, and
Guyana. Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Bot.) 7: 335-392.
Pruski, J.F. 1994. Compositae of the Guayana Shield, with special reference to the tribe Mutisieae. Page 28 (abstract) in Compositae:
Systematics, Biology, Utilization: Papers and Abstracts, coordinator D. J. N. Hind. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.
Pruski, J.F. 1997. Asteraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 3: 177-393.
Pruski, J.F. 2002. Asteraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 94116.
Robinson, H. 1992. The Asteraceae of the Guianas, III: Vernonieae and restoration of the genus Xiphochaeta. Rhodora 94(880):
348-361.
CONNARACEAE
E. Forero, E. Santana
Cnestidium guianense (G. Schellenb.) G. Schellenb.
Connarus cordatus L.A. Vidal, Carbonó & Forero
Connarus coriaceus G. Schellenb.
Connarus erianthus Benth. ex Baker
Connarus erianthus var. stipitatus Forero
Connarus fasciculatus (DC.) Planch.
Connarus fasciculatus subsp. fasciculatus
Connarus incomptus Planch.
Connarus lambertii (DC.) Sagot
Connarus megacarpus S.F. Blake
Connarus patrisii (DC.) Planch.
Connarus perrottetii (DC.) Planch.
Connarus perrottetii var. perrottetii
Connarus perrottetii var. rufus Forero
Connarus punctatus Planch.
Connarus rigidus Forero
Connarus ruber (Poepp.) Planch.
Connarus ruber var. ruber
Connarus ruber var. sprucei (Baker) Forero
Connarus venezuelanus Baill.
Connarus venezuelanus var. orinocensis Forero
Connarus venezuelanus var. venezuelanus
Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus (Poepp.) Radlk.
Pseudoconnarus subtriplinervis (Radlk.) G. Schellenb.
Rourea amazonica (Baker) Radlk.
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
DA
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG?
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU?
SU
270
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Rourea cuspidata Benth. ex Baker
Rourea cuspidata var. cuspidata
Rourea cuspidata var. multijuga Forero
Rourea cuspidata var. pedicellata Baker
Rourea foreroi Aymard & P.E. Berry
Rourea frutescens Aubl.
Rourea glabra Kunth
Rourea glabra var. glabra
Rourea grosourdyana Baill.
Rourea grosourdyana var. grosourdyana
Rourea kappleri Lanj.
Rourea krukovii Steyerm.
Rourea ligulata Baker
Rourea neglecta G. Schellenb.
Rourea neglecta var. neglecta
Rourea pubescens (DC.) Radlk.
Rourea pubescens var. pubescens
Rourea pubescens var. spadicea (Radlk.) Forero
Rourea revoluta Planch.
Rourea revoluta var. glabra Baker
Rourea revoluta var. revoluta
Rourea sprucei G. Schellenb.
Rourea sprucei var. sprucei
Rourea sprucei var. subcoriacea Forero
Rourea surinamensis Miq.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
BO
GU?
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
AM
AM
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bernardinia guianensis G. Schellenb. =Cnestidium guianense
Connarus araucanus Cuatrec. =Connarus venezuelanus var. orinocensis
Connarus confertiflorus Baker =Connarus patrisii
Connarus fecundus Baker =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Connarus floribundus Planch. =Connarus perrottetii
Connarus guianensis Lamb. ex DC. =Connarus lambertii
Connarus incomptus var. subcordata Baker =Connarus incomptus
Connarus macrophyllus Poepp. =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Connarus neglectus G. Schellenb. =Connarus coriaceus
Connarus opacus G. Schellenb. =Connarus coriaceus
Connarus pubescens DC. =Rourea pubescens
Connarus schomburgkii auct. non Planch. 1850: sensu Pittier =Connarus ruber var. sprucei
Connarus schomburgkii Planch. =Connarus lambertii
Connarus sprucei auct. non Baker 1871: sensu Pittier =Connarus lambertii
Connarus sprucei Baker =Connarus ruber var. sprucei
Omphalobium fasciculatum DC. =Connarus fasciculatus
Omphalobium lambertii DC. =Connarus lambertii
Omphalobium patrisii DC. =Connarus patrisii
Omphalobium perrottetii DC. =Connarus perrottetii
Omphalobium rubrum Poepp. =Connarus ruber
Pseudoconnarus fecundus (Baker) Radlk. =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Pseudoconnarus krukovii Steyerm. =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Robergia frutescens (Aubl.) Willd. =Rourea frutescens
Rourea amazonica Huber =Rourea amazonica
Rourea cardonae Lasser & Maguire =Rourea frutescens
Rourea glabra Kunth var. amazonica Baker =Rourea amazonica
Rourea glabra var. coriacea Baker =R. neglecta var. neglecta p.p., R. surinamensis p.p.
Rourea glabra var. parviflora Baker =Rourea cuspidata var. cuspidata
Rourea granatensis Cuatrec. =Rourea glabra var. glabra
Rourea induta var. concinna Baker =Rourea frutescens
Rourea macrophylla (Poepp.) Baker =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Rourea spadicea Radlk. =Rourea pubescens var. spadicea
Rourea subtriplinervis Radlk. =Pseudoconnarus subtriplinervis
Santalodes cuspidatum (Benth. ex Baker) Kuntze =Rourea cuspidata
Santalodes frutescens (Aubl.) Kuntze =Rourea frutescens
Santalodes macrophyllum (Poepp.) Kuntze =Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus
Santalodes revolutum (Planch.) Kuntze =Rourea revoluta
DA
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
271
REFERENCES
Forero, E. 1983. Connaraceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 36: 1-207.
Forero, E. 2002. Connaraceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 227230.
Forero, E. & A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn. 1976. Connaraceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of
Suriname 2(2): 654-657.
Forero, E. & E. Santana. 1998. Connaraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4:
365-376.
Lanjouw, J. 1940. Connaraceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(2): 332-340.
CONVOLVULACEAE
D.F. Austin
Aniseia cernua Choisy
Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy
Bonamia apurensis D.F. Austin
Bonamia holtii O’Donell
Bonamia maripoides Hallier f.
Calycobolus glaber (Kunth) House
Convolvulus nodiflorus Desr.
Dicranostyles ampla Ducke
Dicranostyles ampla var. ampla
Dicranostyles ampla var. castanea D.F. Austin
Dicranostyles globostigma D.F. Austin
Dicranostyles guianensis Mennega
Dicranostyles holostyla Ducke
Dicranostyles integra Ducke
Dicranostyles longifolia Ducke
Dicranostyles scandens Benth.
Dicranostyles sericea Gleason
Dicranostyles villosus Ducke
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L.
Evolvulus cardiophyllus Schltdl.
Evolvulus convolvuloides (Willd.) Stearn
Evolvulus elegans Moric.
Evolvulus filipes Mart.
Evolvulus frankenioides Moric.
Evolvulus glomeratus Nees & Mart.
Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L.
Evolvulus ovatus Fernald
Evolvulus paniculatus (Bonpl.) Spreng.
Evolvulus pterocaulon Moric.
Evolvulus sericeus Sw.
Evolvulus sericeus var. holosericeus (Kunth) Ooststr.
Evolvulus sericeus var. sericeus
Evolvulus tenuis Mart. ex Choisy
Evolvulus tenuis subsp. sericatus (House) Ooststr.
Evolvulus villosissimus Ooststr.
Ipomoea alba L.
Ipomoea angulata Mart. ex Choisy
Ipomoea anisomeres B.L. Rob. & Bartlett
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.
Ipomoea argentea Meisn.
Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult.
Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. [cultivated and frequently escaping]
Ipomoea batatoides Choisy
Ipomoea bignonioides Lindl.
Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet
Ipomoea carnea Jacq.
Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D.F. Austin
Ipomoea discolor (Kunth) G. Don
Ipomoea distans Choisy
Ipomoea fimbriosepala Choisy
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU?
SU?
SU?
DA
GU
GU?
SU
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
GU?
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
DA
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
FG?
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU?
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG?
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
SU?
SU?
FG
FG?
272
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Ipomoea gabrieli Choisy
Ipomoea hederifolia L.
Ipomoea horsfalliae Hook.
Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb.
Ipomoea incarnata (Vahl) Choisy
Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr.
Ipomoea killipiana O’Donell
Ipomoea leprieurii D.F. Austin
Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq.
Ipomoea meyeri (Spreng.) G. Don
Ipomoea minutiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) House
Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br.
Ipomoea phyllomega (Vell.) House
Ipomoea piurensis O’Donell
Ipomoea quamoclit L.
Ipomoea reticulata O’Donell
Ipomoea rubens Choisy
Ipomoea schomburgkii Choisy
Ipomoea setifera Poir.
Ipomoea squamosa Choisy
Ipomoea subrevoluta Choisy
Ipomoea tiliacea (Willd.) Choisy
Ipomoea trifida (Kunth) G. Don
Ipomoea turbinata Lag.
Ipomoea violacea L. [expected in DA]
Iseia luxurians (Moric.) O’Donell
Jacquemontia agrestis (Choisy) Meisn.
Jacquemontia ciliata Sandwith
Jacquemontia densiflora (Meisn.) Hallier f.
Jacquemontia gracillima (Choisy) Hallier f.
Jacquemontia guyanensis (Aubl.) Meisn.
Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) G. Don
Jacquemontia sphaerostigma (Cav.) Rusby
Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb.
Jacquemontia velutina Choisy
Lysiostyles scandens Benth.
Maripa densiflora Benth.
Maripa elongata Ducke
Maripa glabra Choisy
Maripa longifolia Sagot ex Hallier f .
Maripa paniculata Barb. Rodr.
Maripa pauciflora D.F. Austin
Maripa repens Rusby
Maripa reticulata Ducke
Maripa reticulata var. reticulata
Maripa reticulata var. rugosa (Ducke) D.F. Austin
Maripa scandens Aubl.
Maripa violacea (Aubl.) Ooststr. ex Lanj. & Uittien
Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb.
Merremia aturensis (Kunth) Hallier f.
Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Hallier f.
Merremia digitata (Spreng.) Hallier f.
Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f.
Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O’Donell
Merremia maypurensis Hallier f.
Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.
Merremia ternifoliola Pittier
Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.
Merremia wurdackii D.F. Austin & Staples
Odonellia hirtiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) K.R. Robertson
Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D.F. Austin & Staples
Operculina sericantha (Miq.) Ooststr.
FG
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
DA
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU?
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
DA
GU?
DA
DA
DA
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
DA
DA
DA
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso [var. turpethum?] [introduced, native
to Asia]
Operculina turpethum var. ventricosa (Bertero) Staples & D.F. Austin
[introduced, native to Asia]
Tetralocularia pennellii O’Donell
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Aniseia cernua Moric. =Aniseia martinicensis
Aniseia ensifolia Choisy =Aniseia martinicensis
Aniseia ensifolia var. minor Choisy =Aniseia cernua
Aniseia gracillima Choisy =Jacquemontia gracillima
Aniseia hastata Meisn. =Ipomoea fimbriosepala
Aniseia minor (Choisy) J.A. McDonald =Aniseia cernua
Aniseia trichantha Pittier =Iseia luxurians
Batatas crassicaulis Benth. =Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
Batatas edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Choisy =Ipomoea batatas
Batatas villosa Choisy =Ipomoea argentea
Calonyction aculeatum (L.) House =Ipomoea alba
Calonyction bona-nox (L.) Bojer =Ipomoea alba
Calonyction muricatum (L.) G. Don. =Ipomoea turbinata
Calonyction tuba (Schltdl.) Colla =Ipomoea violacea
Calycobolus pulchellus Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Calycobolus glaber
Calycobolus spectabilis (Choisy) House =Bonamia maripoides
Calystegia setifera (Poir.) Meisn. =Ipomoea setifera
Cladostyles paniculatus Bonpl. =Evolvulus paniculatus
Convolvulus aculeatus L. =Ipomoea alba
Convolvulus acuminatus Vahl =Ipomoea indica
Convolvulus agrestis Choisy =Jacquemontia agrestis
Convolvulus alatus Ham. =Operculina hamiltonii
Convolvulus alsinoides L. =Evolvulus alsinoides
Convolvulus asarifolius Desr. =Ipomoea asarifolia
Convolvulus aturensis Kunth =Merremia aturensis
Convolvulus azureus Desr. =Jacquemontia pentantha
Convolvulus batatas L. =Ipomoea batatas
Convolvulus batatilla Kunth =Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
Convolvulus caracassanus Roem. & Schult. =Merremia umbellata
Convolvulus cissoides Lam. =Merremia cissoides
Convolvulus discolor Kunth =Ipomoea discolor
Convolvulus edulis Thunb. ex Murray =Ipomoea batatas
Convolvulus glaber Aubl. =Merremia macrocalyx
Convolvulus guyanensis Aubl. =Jacquemontia guyanensis
Convolvulus imperati Vahl =Ipomoea imperati
Convolvulus incarnatus Vahl =Ipomoea incarnata
Convolvulus indicus Burm. =Ipomoea indica
Convolvulus littoralis L. =Ipomoea imperati
Convolvulus macrocalyx Ruiz & Pav. =Merremia macrocalyx
Convolvulus martinicensis Jacq. =Aniseia martinicensis
Convolvulus meyeri Spreng. =Ipomoea meyeri
Convolvulus minutiflorus M. Martens & Galeotti =Ipomoea minutiflora
Convolvulus mollis Kunth =Ipomoea indica
Convolvulus muricatus L. =Ipomoea turbinata
Convolvulus nil L. =Ipomoea nil
Convolvulus nummularius L. =Evolvulus nummularius
Convolvulus paniculatus L. =Ipomoea mauritiana
Convolvulus pentanthus Jacq. =Jacquemontia pentantha
Convolvulus pes-caprae L. =Ipomoea pes-caprae
Convolvulus phillomega Vell. =Ipomoea phyllomega
Convolvulus pinnatus Desr. =Ipomoea quamoclit
Convolvulus quinquefolius (L.) L. =Merremia quinquefolia
Convolvulus riparius Kunth =Merremia cissoides
Convolvulus ruber Vahl =Ipomoea setifera
Convolvulus sphaerostigma Cav. =Jacquemontia sphaerostigma
Convolvulus stoloniferus Cirillo =Ipomoea imperati
Convolvulus tamnifolius (L.) G. Mey. =Jacquemontia tamnifolia
273
SU
FG
SU
FG
274
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Convolvulus tiliaceus Willd. =Ipomoea tiliacea
Convolvulus trifidus Kunth =Ipomoea trifida
Convolvulus umbellatus L. =Merremia umbellata
Convulvulus dissectus Jacq. =Merremia dissecta
Dicranostyles imatacensis Steyerm. =Dicranostyles guianensis
Dufourea glabra Kunth =Calycobolus glaber
Evolvulus alsinoides var. debilis (Kunth) Ooststr. =Evolvulus alsinoides
Evolvulus angustissimus Kunth =Evolvulus sericeus var. sericeus
Evolvulus arenicola J.R. Johnst. =Evolvulus sericeus var. holosericeus
Evolvulus commelinifolius Fernald =Evolvulus cardiophyllus
Evolvulus debilis Kunth =Evolvulus alsinoides
Evolvulus glomeratus f. strictus (Benth.) Ooststr. =Evolvulus glomeratus
Evolvulus holosericeus Kunth =Evolvulus sericeus var. holosericeus
Evolvulus linifolius auct. non L. 1762. =Evolvulus filipes
Evolvulus sericatus House =Evolvulus tenuis subsp. sericatus
Evolvulus strictus Benth. =Evolvulus glomeratus
Ipomoea acuminata (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. =Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea altissima Mart. ex Choisy =Operculina hamiltonii
Ipomoea alulata Miq. =Operculina hamiltonii
Ipomoea aturensis (Kunth) G. Don =Merremia aturensis
Ipomoea batatilla (Kunth) G. Don =Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
Ipomoea bona-nox L. =Ipomoea alba
Ipomoea cardiosepala Meisn. =Ipomoea phyllomega
Ipomoea cathartica Poir. =Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea cissoides f. viscidula Meisn. =Merremia cissoides
Ipomoea coccinea auct. non L. 1753. =Ipomoea hederifolia
Ipomoea comosa House =Ipomoea argentea
Ipomoea crassicaulis (Benth.) B.L. Rob. =Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
Ipomoea demerariana Choisy =Ipomoea phyllomega
Ipomoea digitata L. [not in flora area]
Ipomoea digitata auct. non L. 1753. =Ipomoea mauritiana
Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy =Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
Ipomoea fragrans (Bojer) Bojer ex Choisy =Ipomoea rubens
Ipomoea glabra (Aubl.) Choisy =Merremia macrocalyx
Ipomoea guyanensis (Aubl.) Choisy =Jacquemontia guyanensis
Ipomoea hamiltonii G. Don =Operculina hamiltonii
Ipomoea hirtiflora M. Martens & Galeotti =Odonellia hirtiflora
Ipomoea hostmanni Meisn. =Merremia macrocalyx
Ipomoea indica var. acuminata (Vahl) Fosberg =Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea juncea Choisy =Merremia aturensis
Ipomoea littoralis (L.) Boiss. =Ipomoea imperati
Ipomoea luxurians Moric. =Iseia luxurians
Ipomoea macrantha Roem. & Schult. =Ipomoea violacea
Ipomoea macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy =Merremia macrocalyx
Ipomoea martinicensis (Jacq.) G. Mey. =Aniseia martinicensis
Ipomoea mollicoma Miq. =Merremia umbellata
Ipomoea mollis (Kunth) G. Don =Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea muricata (L.) Jacq. =Ipomoea turbinata
Ipomoea paniculata (L.) R. Br. =Ipomoea mauritiana
Ipomoea parkeri Choisy =Ipomoea rubens
Ipomoea parkeri var. subsericea Meisn. =Ipomoea rubens
Ipomoea perryana Duchass. & Walp. =Odonellia hirtiflora
Ipomoea polyanthes Roem. & Schult. =Merremia umbellata
Ipomoea pterodes Choisy =Operculina hamiltonii
Ipomoea quinquefolia L. =Merremia quinquefolia
Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poir. =Ipomoea aquatica
Ipomoea riedelii Meisn. =Ipomoea batatoides
Ipomoea riparia G. Don =Ipomoea rubens
Ipomoea rubra (Vahl) Millsp. =Ipomoea setifera
Ipomoea sericantha Miq. =Operculina sericantha
Ipomoea solanifolia L. [misapplied name, not in flora area]
Ipomoea squamisepala O’Donell =Ipomoea angulata
Ipomoea stolonifera (Cirillo) J.F. Gmel. =Ipomoea imperati
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
275
Ipomoea tamnifolia L. =Jacquemontia tamnifolia
Ipomoea trichocarpa auct. non Elliott 1817. =Ipomoea trifida
Ipomoea triloba auct. non L. 1753. =Ipomoea trifida
Ipomoea tuba (Schltdl.) G. Don =Ipomoea violacea
Ipomoea tuberosa L. [not in flora area] =Merremia tuberosa (L.) Rendle
Ipomoea villosa (Choisy) Meisn. =Ipomoea argentea
Ipomoea villosa var. argentea (Meisn.) Hallier f. =Ipomoea argentea
Jacquemontia azurea (Desr.) Choisy =Jacquemontia pentantha
Jacquemontia densiflora Rusby =Jacquemontia densiflora
Jacquemontia hirtiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) O’Donell =Odonellia hirtiflora
Jacquemontia lactescens Seem. =Odonellia hirtiflora
Jacquemontia luxurians (Moric.) Hallier f. =Iseia luxurians
Jacquemontia nodiflora (Desr.) G. Don =Convolvulus nodiflorus
Jacquemontia rusbyana Standl. =Jacquemontia densiflora
Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy =Jacquemontia pentantha
Jacquemontia violacea var. densiflora Meisn. =Jacquemontia densiflora
Kuhlmaniella holostyla (Ducke) Barroso =Dicranostyles holostyla
Lysiostyles cayennensis (Meisn.) Roberty =Maripa scandens
Lysiostyles epiphytica Pittier =Dicranostyles scandens
Lysiostyles pubescens Gleason =Lysiostyles scandens
Lysiostyles scandens var. latifolia Benth. =Lysiostyles scandens
Maripa cayennensis Meisn. =Maripa scandens
Maripa passifloroides Benth. ex Meisn. =Maripa violacea
Maripa rugosa Ducke =Maripa reticulata var. rugosa
Maripa spectabilis Choisy =Bonamia maripoides
Maripa volubilis Pittier =Odonellia hirtiflora
Merremia glabra (Aubl.) Hallier f. =Merremia macrocalyx
Merremia parviflora Pittier =Merremia quinquefolia
Mouroucoa violacea Aubl. =Maripa violacea
Murucoa cayennensis (Meisn.) Kuntze =Maripa scandens
Murucoa densiflora (Benth.) Kuntze =Maripa densiflora
Murucoa scandens (Aubl.) Kuntze =Maripa scandens
Operculina alata (Ham.) Urb. =Operculina hamiltonii
Operculina altissima (Mart. ex Choisy) Meisn. =Operculina hamiltonii
Operculina passifloroides (Benth. ex Meisn.) Ducke =Maripa violacea
Operculina pterodes (Choisy) Meisn. =Operculina hamiltonii
Operculina surinamensis Meisn. =Operculina sericantha
Operculina triquetra (Vahl) Hallier f. =Operculina turpethum
Operculina ventricosa Peter =Operculina turpethum var. ventricosa
Operculina violacea (Aubl.) Barb. Rodr. =Maripa violacea
Pharbitis acuminatus (Vahl) Choisy =Ipomoea indica
Pharbitis cathartica (Poir.) Choisy =Ipomoea indica
Pharbitis mollis (Kunth) Choisy =Ipomoea indica
Prevostea amazonicus Choisy =Calycobolus glaber
Prevostea spectabilis (Choisy) Meisn. =Bonamia maripoides
Quamoclit coccinea var. hederifolia (L.) House =Ipomoea hederifolia
Quamoclit hederifolia (L.) G. Don =Ipomoea hederifolia
Quamoclit pinnata (Desr.) Bojer =Ipomoea quamoclit
Quamoclit quamoclit (L.) Britton =Ipomoea quamoclit
Quamoclit vulgaris Choisy =Ipomoea quamoclit
Thyella tamnifolia (L.) Raf. =Jacquemontia tamnifolia
REFERENCES
Austin, D.F. 1982. Convolvulaceae. In T. Lasser, Flora de Venezuela.
Austin, D.F. 1982. Convolvulaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 377-424.
Austin, D.F. 2002. Convolvulaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
231-236.
Austin, D.F. & P.B. Cavalcante. 1982. Convolvuláceas da Amazônia. Publ. Avulsas Mus. Paraense E. Goeldi 36: 1-134.
Austin, D.F. & G.W. Staples III. 1981. Convolvulaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part XI.
Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 32: 1-391.
Ooststroom, S.J. van. 1932. Convolvulaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 66-102.
Ooststroom, S.J. van. 1937. Convolvulaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 468-471.
276
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
CRASSULACEAE
D.M. Kearns
Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. [cultivated or escaped from cultivation]
Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. [cultivated, naturalized]
AM
GU
GU
BO
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb. =Kalanchoe pinnata
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz [nom. Illeg.] =Kalanchoe pinnata
Cotyledon pinnata Lam. =Kalanchoe pinnata
Kalanchoe brasiliensis Cambess. =Kalanchoe crenata
REFERENCES
Kearns, D.M. 1998. Crassulaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 430-431.
Stoffers, A.L. 1984. Crassulaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname V(1): 573-575.
CUCURBITACEAE
C. Jeffrey, D.M. Kearns, M. Nee
Cayaponia angustiloba (Cogn.) Cogn.
Cayaponia botryocarpa C. Jeffrey
Cayaponia coriacea Cogn.
Cayaponia cruegeri (Naudin) Cogn.
Cayaponia granatensis Cogn.
Cayaponia guianensis C. Jeffrey
Cayaponia jenmanii C. Jeffrey
Cayaponia macrocalyx Harms [Sierra de la Neblina]
Cayaponia metensis Cuatrec.
Cayaponia ophthalmica R.E. Schult.
Cayaponia racemosa (Mill.) Cogn.
Cayaponia rigida (Cogn.) Cogn.
Cayaponia selysioides C. Jeffrey
Cayaponia sp. A
Cayaponia tessmannii Harms
Cayaponia triangularis (Cogn.) Cogn.
Ceratosanthes palmata (L.) Urb.
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai [cultivated, occasionally
escaping]
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Cucumis anguria L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Cucumis anguria var. anguria
Cucumis melo L. [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Cucurbita moschata Duchesne [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Doyerea emetocathartica Grosourdy
Fevillea cordifolia L.
Fevillea trilobata L.
Gurania acuminata Cogn.
Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey
Gurania brevipedunculata Cogn.
Gurania huberi Cogn.
Gurania lobata (L.) Pruski
Gurania nigrescens C. Jeffrey
Gurania oxyphylla C. Jeffrey
Gurania reticulata Cogn.
Gurania robusta Suess.
Gurania simplicifolia (Steyerm.) C. Jeffrey
Gurania spruceana Cogn.
Gurania subumbellata (Miq.) Cogn.
Gurania trialata Cogn.
Helmontia cardiophylla Harms
Helmontia leptantha (Schltdl.) Cogn.
Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. [naturalized?]
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roem. [cultivated, occasionally escaping]
Luffa sepium (G. Mey.) C. Jeffrey
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM?
BO
BO?
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
BO
AM
DA
DA
GU
SU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU?
SU
FG
FG
GU?
GU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU?
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Melothria cucumis Vell.
Melothria pendula L.
Melothria trilobata Cogn.
Momordica charantia L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Posadaea sphaerocarpa Cogn.
Psiguria racemosa C. Jeffrey
Psiguria triphylla (Miq.) C. Jeffrey
Psiguria umbrosa (Kunth) C. Jeffrey
Rytidostylis amazonica (C. Mart. ex Cogn.) Spruce ex Kuntze
Selysia prunifera (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Siolmatra pentaphylla Harms
Wilbrandia hibiscoides Silva Manso
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Anguria bignoniacea Poepp. & Endl. =Gurania bignoniacea
Anguria cissoides Benth. =Gurania bignoniacea
Anguria elliptica Britton =Psiguria triphylla
Anguria guianensis Klotzsch ex Schltdl. =Gurania bignoniacea
Anguria kegeliana Schltdl. =Gurania lobata
Anguria leptantha Schltdl. =Helmontia leptantha
Anguria leptantha var. brevipes Schltdl. =Helmontia leptantha
Anguria lobata L. =Gurania lobata
Anguria longispica Sagot [name of uncertain application fide C. Jeffrey]
Anguria multiflora Miq. =Gurania lobata
Anguria simplicifolia Steyerm. =Gurania simplicifolia
Anguria spinulosa Poepp. & Endl. =Gurania lobata
Anguria subumbellata Miq. =Gurania subumbellata
Anguria treslingiana Pulle =Psiguria triphylla
Anguria trilobata sensu Pulle non (L.) Jacq. =Gurania lobata
Anguria triphylla Miq. =Psiguria triphylla
Anguria umbrosa Kunth =Psiguria umbrosa
Anguria umbrosa auct. non Kunth =Psiguria triphylla
Anguria vogeliana Suess. =Psiguria triphylla
Anguriopsis margaritensis J.R. Johnst. =Doyerea emetocathartica
Apodanthera spp. [no records verified for Guianas]
Arkezostis granatensis (Cogn.) Kuntze =Cayaponia granatensis
Bryonia guadalupensis Spreng. =Melothria pendula
Bryonia latebrosa Aiton =Cayaponia racemosa
Bryonia racemosa Mill. =Cayaponia racemosa
Cayaponia andreana Cogn. =Cayaponia cruegeri
Cayaponia bonplandii (Cogn.) Cogn. =Cayaponia coriacea
Cayaponia calycina Cogn. =Cayaponia cruegeri
Cayaponia latebrosa (Aiton) Cogn. =Cayaponia racemosa
Cayaponia sclerocarpa Sagot [name of uncertain application fide C. Jeffrey]
Cayaponia simplicifolia (Naudin) Cogn. [not in flora area]
Ceratosanthes corniculata (Lam.) Cogn. =Ceratosanthes palmata
Ceratosanthes latiloba var. acutiloba Cogn. =Ceratosanthes palmata
Ceratosanthes tuberosa J.F. Gmel. =Ceratosanthes palmata
Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. ex Eckl. & Zeyh. =Citrullus lanatus
Corallocarpus emetocatharticus (Grosourdy) Cogn. =Doyerea emetocathartica
Cucumis sepium G. Mey. =Luffa sepium
Cucurbita lagenaria L. =Lagenaria siceraria
Cucurbita siceraria Molina =Lagenaria siceraria
Doyerea angosturensis Grosourdy =Doyerea emetocathartica
Elaterium amazonicum Mart. ex Cogn. =Rytidostylis amazonica
Elaterium carthaginense Jacq. [not in flora area] =Rytidostylis carthaginensis (Jacq.) Kuntze
Fevillea javilla Kunth =Fevillea cordifolia
Fevillea karstenii Cogn. =Fevillea cordifolia
Gurania breviflora Cogn. =Gurania bignoniacea
Gurania cissoides (Benth.) Cogn. =Gurania bignoniacea
Gurania diffusa Cogn. =Gurania huberi
Gurania diversifolia Cogn. =Gurania acuminata
Gurania durandii Cogn. =Gurania lobata
Gurania guianensis (Klotzsch ex Schltdl.) Cogn. =Gurania bignoniacea
Gurania kegeliana (Schltdl.) Cogn. =Gurania lobata
277
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU?
GU
GU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
278
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Gurania klotzschiana Cogn. =Gurania subumbellata
Gurania levyana var. glabra Cogn. =Gurania robusta
Gurania multiflora (Miq.) Cogn. =Gurania lobata
Gurania sagotiana Cogn. =Gurania reticulata
Gurania spinulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn. =Gurania lobata
Helmontia simplicifolia Cogn. =Helmontia leptantha
Lagenaria lagenaria (L.) Cockerell =Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria vulgaris Ser. =Lagenaria siceraria
Luffa aegyptiaca Mill. =Luffa cylindrica
Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. [in S. Am. Records =L. sepium. L. operculata valid taxon for Cent. Am. & Mex. Species] =Luffa
sepium
Luffa purgans (Mart.) Mart. =Luffa sepium
Melothria fluminensis Gardner =Melothria pendula
Melothria guadalupensis (Spreng.) Cogn. =Melothria pendula
Melothria heteroloba Pittier =Melothria trilobata
Momordica balsamina L. [dubious, probably based on misidentification fide C. Jeffrey]
Momordica cylindrica L. =Luffa cylindrica
Momordica lanata Thunb. =Citrullus lanatus
Momordica operculata L. =Luffa sepium
Momordica purgans Mart. =Luffa sepium
Nhandiroba cordifolia (L.) Kuntze =Fevillea cordifolia
Perianthopodus bonplandii Cogn. =Cayaponia coriacea
Rytidostylis carthaginensis (Jacq.) Kuntze [not in flora area]
Trianosperm rigida Cogn. =Cayaponia rigida
Trianosperma angustiloba Cogn. =Cayaponia angustiloba
Trianosperma cruegeri Naudin =Cayaponia cruegeri
Trianosperma triangularis Cogn. =Cayaponia triangularis
Trichosanthes corniculata Lam. =Ceratosanthes palmata
Trichosanthes palmata L. =Ceratosanthes palmata
REFERENCES
Jeffrey, C. 1978. Further notes on Cucurbitaceae: IV. Some New World taxa. Kew Bull. 33: 347-380.
Jeffrey, C. 1984. Cucurbitaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 457-518.
Jeffrey, C. & B. Trujillo. 1992. Cucurbitaceae. In G. Morillo, Flora de Venezuela 5(1): 11-201.
Kearns, D.M. 1998. Cucurbitaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 431-461.
Nee, M. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to
the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 236-246.
CUNONIACEAE
P. Berry, J.C. Bradford
Weinmannia balbisiana Kunth
Weinmannia brachystachya Willd. ex Engl. [expected in GU][Mt. Roraima]
Weinmannia corocoroensis J.C. Bradford & P.E. Berry
Weinmannia elliptica Kunth
Weinmannia fagaroides Kunth [Mt. Roraima]
Weinmannia glabra L. f. [Mt. Roraima]
Weinmannia guyanensis Klotzsch ex Engl.
Weinmannia guyanensis var. guyanensis [Mt. Roraima]
Weinmannia ilutepuiensis P.E. Berry & J.C. Bradford
Weinmannia laxiramea Killip & A.C. Sm. [Mt. Roraima]
Weinmannia pubescens Kunth
Weinmannia sorbifolia Kunth
Weinmannia sorbifolia var. sorbifolia
Weinmannia sp. A [Distinct from Weinmannia fagaroides]
Weinmannia velutina O.C. Schmidt
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Weinmannia baccariniana var. caracasana Pamp. =Weinmannia fagaroides
Weinmannia balbisiana var. moritzii (Engl.) Cuatrec. =Weinmannia balbisiana
Weinmannia balbisiana var. ptariana Cuatrec. =Weinmannia elliptica
Weinmannia balbisiana var. roraimensis Bernardi =Weinmannia elliptica
Weinmannia cardonae Cuatrec. =Weinmannia elliptica
Weinmannia caripensis Kunth =Weinmannia glabra
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
279
Weinmannia glabra var. caripensis (Kunth) Engl. =Weinmannia glabra
Weinmannia microphylla Kunth =Weinmannia brachystachya
Weinmannia microphylla var. caracasana (Pamp.) Cuatrec. =Weinmannia fagaroides
Weinmannia microphylla var. fagaroides (Kunth) Cuatrec. =Weinmannia fagaroides
Weinmannia moritzii Engl. =Weinmannia balbisiana
Weinmannia neblinensis Maguire & Steyerm. =Weinmannia pubescens
Weinmannia ovalis var. elliptica (Kunth) Cuatrec. =Weinmannia elliptica
Weinmannia ovalis var. roraimensis Pamp. =Weinmannia elliptica
Weinmannia pinnata L. =Weinmannia glabra
Weinmannia pinnata var. caripensis (Kunth) Cuatrec. =Weinmannia glabra
Weinmannia pinnata var. ptaritepuiana Cuatrec. =Weinmannia glabra
Weinmannia roraimensis Cuatrec. =Weinmannia fagaroides
Weinmannia steyermarkii Cuatrec. =Weinmannia velutina
Weinmannia tamana Cuatrec. =Weinmannia fagaroides
Weinmannia velutina f. steyermarkii (Cuatrec.) Bernardi =Weinmannia velutina
REFERENCES
Bradford, J.C. & P.E. Berry. 1998. Cunoniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
4: 462-469.
Killip, E.P. & A.C. Smith. 1929. The genus Weinmannia in northern South America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 56: 361-377.
CUSCUTACEAE
D.F. Austin
Cuscuta americana L.
Cuscuta campestris Yunck.
Cuscuta costaricensis Yunck.
Cuscuta indecora Choisy
Cuscuta umbellata Kunth
SU
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
REFERENCES
Austin, D.F. 1982. Convolvulaceae. In Flora de Venezuela.
Austin, D.F. 1998. Cuscutaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 469-470.
Yuncker, T.G. 1923. Revision of the South American species of Cuscuta. I. Am. J. Bot. 9: 557-575; II. Am. J. Bot. 10: 1-17.
CYRILLACEAE
J.S. Miller
Cyrilla racemiflora L.
Purdiaea nutans Planch.
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Alloiosepalum weberbaueri Gilg =Purdiaea nutans
Cyrilla antillana Michx. =Cyrilla racemiflora
Cyrilla brevifolia N.E. Br. =Cyrilla racemiflora
Cyrilla perrottetii Briq. =Cyrilla racemiflora
Cyrilla racemiflora var. brevifolia (N.E. Br.) Maguire & Wurdack ex Steyerm. =Cyrilla racemiflora
Itea cyrilla L’Hér. =Cyrilla racemiflora
Purdiaea weberbaueri (Gilg) Mattick =Purdiaea nutans
REFERENCES
Miller, J.S. 1998. Cyrillaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 663-665.
Thomas, J.L. 1960. A monographic study of the Cyrillaceae. Contr. Gray Herb. 186: 1-114.
DICHAPETALACEAE
G.T. Prance
Dichapetalum froesii Prance
Dichapetalum latifolium Baill.
Dichapetalum odoratum Baill.
Dichapetalum pedunculatum (DC.) Baill.
Dichapetalum rugosum (Vahl) Prance
Dichapetalum schulzii Prance
Tapura amazonica Poepp.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
280
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
AM
AM
AM
Tapura amazonica var. amazonica
Tapura capitulifera Spruce ex Baill.
Tapura guianensis Aubl.
Tapura singularis Ducke
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Chailletia flavicans Klotzsch =Dichapetalum rugosum
Chailletia parkeri Planch. ex Triana & Planch. [nomen nudum] =Dichapetalum rugosum
Chailletia pedunculata DC. =Dichapetalum pedunculatum
Chailletia sessiliflora DC. =Tapura guianensis
Chailletia vestita Benth. =Dichapetalum rugosum
Dichapetalum amazonicum K. Krause =Dichapetalum latifolium
Dichapetalum flavicans (Klotzsch) Engl. =Dichapetalum rugosum
Dichapetalum glabrum (Vahl) Prance =Dichapetalum pedunculatum
Dichapetalum scandens (Poir.) I.M. Johnst. =Dichapetalum rugosum
Dichapetalum scandens var. cinerascens (Baill.) J.F. Macbr. =Dichapetalum latifolium
Dichapetalum vestitum (Benth.) Baill. =Dichapetalum rugosum
Dichapetalum vestitum var. cinerascens Baill. =Dichapetalum latifolium
Rohria petioliflora Willd. =Tapura guianensis
Rohria schreberi J.F. Gmel. =Tapura guianensis
Rohria tapura J.F. Gmel. =Tapura guianensis
Symphyllanthus glaber Vahl =Dichapetalum pedunculatum
Symphyllanthus rugosus Vahl =Dichapetalum rugosum
Tapura amazonica var. ciliata (Gardner) Baill. =Tapura amazonica
Tapura amazonica var. cuspidata Baill. =Tapura amazonica
Tapura amazonica var. dasyphylla Baill. =Tapura amazonica
Tapura amazonica var. sublanceolata Baill. =Tapura amazonica
Tapura ciliata Gardner =Tapura amazonica
Tapura cucullata Benth. =Tapura guianensis
Tapura negrensis Suess. =Tapura guianensis
REFERENCES
Prance, G.T. 1972. Dichapetalaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 10: 1-84.
Prance, G.T. 1979. A new species of Dichapetalum from Suriname. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 106(4): 309-312.
Prance, G.T. 1983. Additions to Neotropical Dichapetalaceae. Brittonia 35(1): 49-54.
Prance, G.T. 1998. Dichapetalaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 666-671.
Prance, G.T. 2002. Dichapetalaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
247-249.
Stafleu, F.A. 1951. Dichapetalaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(2): 166-172.
DILLENIACEAE
G.A. Aymard C., C.L. Kelloff
Curatella americana L.
Davilla alata (Vent.) Briq.
Davilla kunthii A. St.-Hil.
Davilla lacunosa Mart.
Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki
Davilla rugosa Poir.
Davilla rugosa var. rugosa
Davilla steyermarkii Kubitzki [expected in GU]
Doliocarpus amazonicus Sleumer
Doliocarpus amazonicus subsp. amazonicus
Doliocarpus areolatus Kubitzki
Doliocarpus brevipedicellatus Garcke
Doliocarpus brevipedicellatus subsp. brevipedicellatus
Doliocarpus carnevaliorum Aymard
Doliocarpus dentatus (Aubl.) Standl.
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. dentatus
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. esmeraldae (Steyerm.) Kubitzki
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. ferrugineus (Rusby) Kubitzki
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. lanceolatus Kubitzki
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. latifolius Kubitzki
AM
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. obovatus Aymard
Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. undulatus (Eichler) Kubitzki
Doliocarpus gracilis Kubitzki
Doliocarpus guianensis (Aubl.) Gilg
Doliocarpus hispidobaccatus Aymard
Doliocarpus leiophyllus Kubitzki
Doliocarpus liesneri Aymard
Doliocarpus macrocarpus Mart. ex Eichler
Doliocarpus major J.F. Gmel.
Doliocarpus major subsp. major
Doliocarpus multiflorus Standl.
Doliocarpus novogranatensis Kubitzki
Doliocarpus ortegae Aymard
Doliocarpus paraensis Sleumer
Doliocarpus paucinervis Kubitzki
Doliocarpus prancei Kubitzki
Doliocarpus sagotianus Kubitzki
Doliocarpus savannarum Sandwith
Doliocarpus spraguei Cheesman
Doliocarpus verruculosus Kubitzki
Neodillenia venezuelana Aymard
Pinzona coriacea Mart. & Zucc.
Tetracera asperula Miq.
Tetracera costata Mart. ex Eichler
Tetracera costata subsp. costata
Tetracera costata subsp. rotundifolia (Sm.) Kubitzki
Tetracera maguirei Aymard & B.M. Boom
Tetracera surinamensis Miq.
Tetracera tigarea DC.
Tetracera volubilis L.
Tetracera volubilis subsp. volubilis
Tetracera willdenowiana Steud.
Tetracera willdenowiana subsp. emarginata Kubitzki
Tetracera willdenowiana subsp. willdenowiana
281
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Calinea scandens Aubl. =Doliocarpus spraguei
Curatella americana var. pentagyna Donn. Sm. =Curatella americana
Curatella cambaiba A. St.-Hil. =Curatella americana
Curatella grisebachiana Eichler =Curatella americana
Davilla aspera (Aubl.) Benoist =Davilla kunthii
Davilla multiflora (DC.) A. St.-Hil. =Davilla nitida
Davilla pilosa Miq. =Davilla rugosa
Davilla surinamensis Miq. =Davilla kunthii
Davilla tenuis Eichler =Davilla kunthii
Davilla wormiaefolia Baill. =Davilla alata
Doliocarpus belizensis Lundell =Pinzona coriacea
Doliocarpus brevipedicellatus var. densiflorus Eichler =Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. undulatus
Doliocarpus calinea J.F. Gmel. =Doliocarpus spraguei
Doliocarpus coriaceus (Mart. & Zucc.) Gilg =Pinzona coriacea
Doliocarpus densiflorus (Eichler) Steyerm. =Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. undulatus
Doliocarpus esmeraldae Steyerm. =Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. esmeraldae
Doliocarpus ferrugineus Rusby =Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. ferrugineus
Doliocarpus ptariensis Steyerm. =Doliocarpus savannarum
Doliocarpus rolandri J.F. Gmel. =Doliocarpus major
Doliocarpus scandens Poir. =Doliocarpus major
Doliocarpus scandens (Aubl.) Gilg =Doliocarpus spraguei
Doliocarpus surinamensis Lanj. =Doliocarpus paraensis
Doliocarpus undulatus Eichler =Doliocarpus dentatus subsp. undulatus
Doliocarpus virgatus Sagot =Doliocarpus macrocarpus
Soramia guianensis Aubl. =Doliocarpus guianensis
Tetracera aspera (Aubl.) Willd. =Tetracera tigarea
Tetracera multiflora DC. =Davilla nitida
Tetracera nitida Vahl =Davilla nitida
DA
DA
DA
DA
282
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tetracera ovalifolia auct. non DC. =Tetracera asperula
Tetracera ovalifolia DC. =Tetracera costata subsp. rotundifolia
Tetracera rotundifolia auct. non Sm. =Tetracera asperula
Tetracera rotundifolia Sm. =Tetracera costata subsp. rotundifolia
Tetracera trinitensis Sprague & R.O. Williams =Tetracera costata
Tigarea aspera Aubl. =Tetracera tigarea
Tigarea dentata Aubl. =Doliocarpus dentatus
REFERENCES
Aymard, G. 1998. Dilleniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 671-685.
Aymard, G. & J. Miller. 1994. Dilleniaceae novae Neotropicae III. Sinopsis y adiciones a las Dilleniaceae del Perú. Candollea
49(1): 169-182.
Aymard, G. & S.A. Mori. 2002. Dilleniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 250-253.
Kubitzki, K. 1970. Die gattung Tetracera. Mitt. Bot. Münch. 8: 1-98.
Kubitzki, K. 1971. Doliocarpus, Davilla und verwandte gattungen. Mitt. Bot. Münch. 9: 1-105.
Lanjouw, J. & P.F. van Heerdt. 1941. Dilleniaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 386-408.
DROSERACEAE
A. Culham, R.D. de Stefano
Drosera arenicola Steyerm.
Drosera biflora Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Drosera capillaris Poir.
Drosera cayennensis Sagot ex Diels
Drosera communis A. St.-Hil.
Drosera esmeraldae (Steyerm.) Maguire & Wurdack
Drosera felix Steyerm. & L.B. Sm.
Drosera hirticalyx Duno & Culham
Drosera intermedia Hayne
Drosera kaieteurensis Brumm.-Ding.
Drosera meristocaulis Maguire & Wurdack
Drosera roraimae (Klotzsch ex Diels) Maguire & J.R. Laundon
Drosera sessilifolia A. St.-Hil.
Drosera yutajensis Duno & Culham
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Drosera americana Willd. =Drosera intermedia
Drosera arenicola var. occidentalis Maguire & Wurdack =Drosera arenicola
Drosera colombiana A. Fernández =Drosera cayennensis
Drosera dentata Benth. =Drosera sessilifolia
Drosera montana var. robusta Diels =Drosera roraimae
Drosera montana var. roraimae Klotzsch ex Diels =Drosera roraimae
Drosera panamensis M.D. Correa & A.S. Taylor =Drosera cayennensis
Drosera pusilla Kunth =Drosera biflora
Drosera sanariapoana Steyerm. =Drosera cayennensis
Drosera tenella Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Drosera capillaris
Drosera tenella var. esmeraldae Steyerm. =Drosera esmeraldae
REFERENCES
Brummer-Dinger, C.A. 1955. Notes on Guiana Droseraceae. Acta Bot. Neerl. 4(1): 136-138.
Duno de Stefano, R. & A. Culham. 1998. Droseraceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 4: 697-703.
Maguire, B. & J.J. Wurdack. 1957. Droseraceae. In B. Maguire, J.J. Wurdack, & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland
part 2. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 9(3): 331-336.
EBENACEAE
P.E. Berry, C. Sothers
Diospyros artanthifolia Mart. ex Miq.
Diospyros capreifolia Mart. ex Hiern
Diospyros carbonaria Benoist
Diospyros cauliflora Mart.
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Diospyros cauligera F. White
Diospyros cavalcantei Sothers
Diospyros cayennensis A. DC.
Diospyros dichroa Sandwith
Diospyros discolor Willd. [cultivated; naturalized?]
Diospyros duckei Sandwith
Diospyros glomerata Spruce ex Hiern
Diospyros guianensis (Aubl.) Gürke
Diospyros guianensis subsp. akaraiensis (A.C. Sm.) F. White
Diospyros guianensis subsp. coriacea F. White
Diospyros guianensis subsp. guianensis
Diospyros inconstans Jacq.
Diospyros lissocarpoides Sandwith
Diospyros martinii Benoist ex Amshoff
Diospyros matheriana A.C. Sm.
Diospyros poeppigiana A. DC.
Diospyros ropourea B. Walln.
Diospyros santaremnensis Sandwith [perhaps expected in FG]
Diospyros sericea A. DC.
Diospyros sp. A
Diospyros sprucei Hiern
Diospyros tenuiflora A.C. Sm.
Diospyros tetrandra Hiern
Diospyros vestita Benoist
283
AM
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG
FG
AM
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU?
SU
AM
AM
BO
DA
SU
DA
GU
GU?
GU
GU
SU
FG
DA
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
AM
FG
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Diospyros akaraiensis A.C. Sm. =Diospyros guianensis subsp. akaraiensis
Diospyros anzoateguiensis Steyerm. =Diospyros inconstans
Diospyros delgadoi Standl. =Diospyros inconstans
Diospyros emarginata Hiern =Diospyros poeppigiana
Diospyros ierensis Britton =Diospyros cayennensis
Diospyros liriosmoides A.C. Sm. =Diospyros poeppigiana
Diospyros longifolia (Spruce ex Engl.) Sleumer & F. White =Diospyros tenuiflora
Diospyros melinonii (Hiern) A.C. Sm. =Diospyros capreifolia
Diospyros paralea Steud. =Diospyros guianensis
Diospyros polyandra Spruce ex Hiern =Diospyros artanthifolia
Diospyros praetermissa Sandwith =Diospyros vestita
Diospyros subrotata Hiern =Diospyros artanthifolia
Maba inconstans (Jacq.) Griseb. =Diospyros inconstans
Maba mellinoni Hiern =Diospyros capreifolia
Paralea guianensis Aubl. =Diospyros guianensis
Ropourea guianensis Aubl. =Diospyros ropourea
REFERENCES
Cavalcante, P.B. 1963. Contribuçao ao conhecimento do gênero Diospyros Dalech. na Amazônia. Bol. Mus. Goeldi n.s. 20: 153.
Sothers, C. & P.E. Berry. 1998. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 704-712.
Wallnöfer, B. 1999. Neue Diospyros-Arten (Ebenaceae) aus Südamerika. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 101: 565-592.
Wallnöfer, B. 2000. Neue Diospyros-Arten (Ebenaceae) aus Südamerika - II. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 102: 417-433.
Wallnöfer, B. 2001. Lectotypification of Diospyros cayennensis A. DC. (Ebenaceae). Taxon 50: 887-889 (see Erratum in Taxon
50 (4): 1319).
Wallnöfer, B. 2001. The biology and systematics of Ebenaceae: a review. Ann Naturhist. Mus. Wein 103B: 485-512.
Wallnöfer, B. 2003. A new species of Diospyros from southwestern Amazonia. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 104: 563-566.
Wallnöfer, B. 2004. Ebenaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (ed.): The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. 6: 125-130. Springer
Verlag, Berlin.
Wallnöfer, B. 2004. Lissocarpaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (ed.): The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. 6: 236-238. Springer
Verlag, Berlin.
Wallnöfer, B. 2004. A revision of Lissocarpa Benth. (Ebenaceae subfam. Lissocarpoideae (Gilg in Engler) B.Walln.). Ann.
Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 105: 515-564.
Wallnöfer, B. & S.A. Mori. 2002. Ebenaceae. In Mori S.A., Cremers G., Gracie C.A., Granville J.-J. de, Heald S.V., Hoff M. &
Mitchell J.D., eds: Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana. Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 254-257.
White, F. 1981. Ebenaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 11. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
32: 1-391.
284
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
ELAEOCARPACEAE
L.J. Dorr, D.A. Smith, J.A. Steyermark†
Sloanea bolivarensis Steyerm.
Sloanea brevipes Benth.
Sloanea carrenoi Steyerm.
Sloanea cataniapensis Steyerm.
Sloanea caudata Steyerm.
Sloanea cavicola Steyerm.
Sloanea crassifolia Earle Sm.
Sloanea davidsei Steyerm.
Sloanea durissima Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea echinocarpa Uittien
Sloanea eichleri K. Schum.
Sloanea floribunda Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea garckeana K. Schum.
Sloanea gracilis Uittien
Sloanea grandiflora Sm.
Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth.
Sloanea latifolia (Rich.) K. Schum.
Sloanea laurifolia (Benth.) Benth.
Sloanea laxiflora Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea longiaristata Steyerm.
Sloanea macrophylla Benth. ex Turcz.
Sloanea megacarpa Steyerm. & Marc.-Berti
Sloanea merevariensis Pittier ex Steyerm.
Sloanea nitida G. Don
Sloanea obtusifolia (Moric.) K. Schum.
Sloanea parviflora Planch. ex Benth.
Sloanea parvifructa Steyerm.
Sloanea picapica Standl.
Sloanea picapica var. hirsuta C.E. Sm.
Sloanea pittieriana Steyerm.
Sloanea ptariana Steyerm.
Sloanea pubescens Benth.
Sloanea robusta Uittien
Sloanea rufa Planch. ex Benth.
Sloanea schomburgkii Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea sinemariensis Aubl.
Sloanea sipapoana Steyerm.
Sloanea sp. A
Sloanea sp. B [Sierra de la Neblina]
Sloanea sp. C
Sloanea sp. D
Sloanea spathulata Earle Sm.
Sloanea steyermarkii Earle Sm.
Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. autanae (Steyerm.) Steyerm.
Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. jauaensis (Steyerm.) Steyerm.
Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. steyermarkii
Sloanea stipitata Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea subpsilocarpa Steyerm.
Sloanea synandra Spruce ex Benth.
Sloanea terniflora (Moç. & Sessé ex DC.) Standl.
Sloanea trichosticha R.O. Williams & Sandwith
Sloanea tuerckheimii Donn. Sm.
Sloanea venezuelana Steyerm.
Sloanea wurdackii Steyerm.
BO
AM
GU
SU?
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
GU
DA
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
FG?
SU
BO
GU
AM
DA
GU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
AM
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
SU?
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Ablania guianensis Aubl. =Sloanea guianensis
Adenobasium obtusifolium Moric. =Sloanea obtusifolia
Courimari guianensis Aubl. [name of uncertain application] =Sloanea sp.
Dasynema laurifolium Benth. =Sloanea laurifolia
Dasynema pubescens Poepp. =Sloanea pubescens
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
DA
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BO
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
285
Sloanea acutiflora Uittien =Sloanea laxiflora
Sloanea amplifrons Johnst. =Sloanea grandiflora
Sloanea autanae Steyerm. =Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. autanae
Sloanea brachytepala Ducke [considered distinct by D.A. Sm. and Steyerm., in AM] =Sloanea laurifolia
Sloanea bracteosa Ducke =Sloanea nitida
Sloanea breviseta Steyerm. =Sloanea guianensis
Sloanea corymbiflora DC. =Sloanea latifolia
Sloanea dentata L. [not in flora area]
Sloanea eriostemon Sprague & L. Riley =Sloanea tuerckheimii
Sloanea jauaensis Steyerm. =Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. jauaensis
Sloanea jauaensis var. minor Steyerm. =Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. jauaensis
Sloanea maroana Steyerm. =Sloanea floribunda
Sloanea massoni auct. non Sw. 1788: sensu Pittier et al. =Sloanea macrophylla
Sloanea obtusa (Splitg.) K. Schum. =Sloanea parviflora
Sloanea oppositifolia Spruce ex Benth. =Sloanea laurifolia
Sloanea paniculata Spruce ex Benth. =Sloanea floribunda
Sloanea sinemariensis auct. non Aubl. sensu Pittier et al. (as Sloanea surinamensis) =Sloanea eichleri
Sloanea usurpatrix Sprague & L. Riley =Sloanea tuerckheimii
Sloanea yapacanae Steyerm. =Sloanea steyermarkii subsp. jauaensis
REFERENCES
Heald, S.V., A. Vicentini, & D.A. Smith. 2002. Elaeocarpaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V.
Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 258-261.
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. 1986. Elaeocarpaceae (additions and corrections). In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 3(12): 301-305.
Smith, C.E., Jr. 1954. The New World species of Sloanea. Contr. Gray Herb. 175: 1-114.
Smith, D.A. & J.A. Steyermark. 1998. Elaeocarpaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan
Guayana 4: 712-730.
Uittien, H. 1932. Elaeocarpaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 58-64.
EREMOLEPIDACEAE
J. Kuijt
BO
BO
BO
Antidaphne antidaphneoides (Rizzini) Kuijt
Antidaphne viscoidea Poepp. & Endl.
Eubrachion gracile Kuijt
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Antidaphne fendleri (Tiegh.) Engl. =Antidaphne viscoidea
Antidaphne fendleri var. pseudoviscoidea Rizzini =Antidaphne viscoidea
Antidaphne orbicularis Kuijt =Antidaphne viscoidea
Antidaphne viscoidea var. alpestris Rizzini =Antidaphne viscoidea
Eremolepis mirocalyx Ernst =Antidaphne viscoidea
Ixidium antidaphneoides Rizzini =Antidaphne antidaphneoides
Stachyphyllum fendleri Tiegh. =Antidaphne viscoidea
REFERENCES
Kuijt, J. 1988. Monograph of the Eremolepidaceae. Syst. Bot. Monogr. 18: 1-60.
Kuijt, J. 1988. Eremolepidaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 731-734.
ERICACEAE
J.L. Luteyn
Agarista duckei (Huber) Judd [expected in GU]
Bejaria aestuans L. [primarily Andean taxon]
Bejaria imthurnii N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Bejaria neblinensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Bejaria sprucei Meisn.
Cavendishia callista Donn. Sm.
Cavendishia neblinae Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Cavendishia aff. pubescens (Kunth) Hemsl.
Ceratostema glandulifera Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Disterigma cuspidatum (Planch. ex Wedd.) Nied.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU?
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
SU
FG
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Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Disterigma humboldtii (Klotzsch) Nied.
Gaultheria alnifolia (Dunal) A.C. Sm.
Gaultheria alnifolia var. alnifolia
Gaultheria erecta Vent. [Mt. Roraima]
Gaultheria setulosa N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Gaylussacia buxifolia Kunth
Ledothamnus atroadenus Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Ledothamnus decumbens Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Ledothamnus guyanensis Meisn. [Mt. Roraima]
Ledothamnus jauaensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Ledothamnus luteus Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Ledothamnus parviflorus Gleason
Ledothamnus sessiliflorus N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Mycerinus chimantensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Mycerinus sclerophyllus A.C. Sm.
Mycerinus viridiflorus Steyerm. & Maguire
Notopora auyantepuiensis Steyerm.
Notopora cardonae A.C. Sm.
Notopora chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire
Notopora schomburgkii Hook. f.
Notopora smithiana Steyerm. & Maguire
Orthaea apophysata (Griseb.) A.C. Sm.
Orthaea crinita A.C. Sm.
Orthaea hispida A.C. Sm.
Orthaea merumensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Orthaea paruensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Orthaea thibaudioides Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Orthaea venamensis Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Orthaea wurdackii Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Pernettya marginata N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
Psammisia guianensis Klotzsch
Psammisia hookeriana Klotzsch
Psammisia urichiana (Britton) A.C. Sm.
Satyria carnosiflora Lanj.
Satyria cerander (Dunal) A.C. Sm.
Satyria panurensis (Benth. ex Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Nied.
Sphyrospermum buxifolium Poepp. & Endl.
Sphyrospermum cordifolium Benth.
Sphyrospermum ellipticum Sleumer
Sphyrospermum klotzschianum (Mansf.) A.C. Sm.
Tepuia cardonae A.C. Sm.
Tepuia intermedia Steyerm.
Tepuia multiglandulosa Steyerm. & Maguire
Tepuia speciosa A.C. Sm.
Tepuia tatei Camp
Tepuia vareschii Steyerm.
Tepuia venusta Camp
Thibaudia breweri Steyerm. & Maguire
Thibaudia carrenoi Steyerm. & Maguire
Thibaudia cupatensis Huber
Thibaudia dolichandra Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Thibaudia formosa (Klotzsch) Hoerold
Thibaudia glandulifera A.C. Sm.
Thibaudia involucrata A.C. Sm.
Thibaudia longipes Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Thibaudia nutans Klotzsch ex Mansf.
Thibaudia smithiana Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Thibaudia truncata A.C. Sm.
Vaccinium chimantense Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Vaccinium corymbodendron Dunal
Vaccinium euryanthum A.C. Sm.
Vaccinium puberulum Klotzsch ex Meisn.
Vaccinium puberulum var. cardonae (A.C. Sm.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Vaccinium puberulum var. hitchcockii (Camp) Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU?
AM
BO
BO
GU?
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
GU
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Vaccinium puberulum var. jauaense Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn
Vaccinium puberulum var. puberulum
AM
Vaccinium puberulum var. spathulatum (Camp & A.C. Sm.) Maguire, Steyerm.
& Luteyn
Vaccinium puberulum var. subcrenulatum (Klotzsch ex Meisn.) Maguire,
AM
Steyerm. & Luteyn
Vaccinium puberulum var. tepuiense (Camp & A.C. Sm.) Maguire, Steyerm. & AM
Luteyn
Vaccinium roraimense N.E. Br. [Mt. Roraima]
AM
Vaccinium steyermarkii Luteyn
287
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
BO
GU
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Befaria spp. =Bejaria spp., nom. cons. prop. “Befaria”
Bejaria coarctata Bonpl. =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria glauca Bonpl. =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria glauca var. coarctata (Bonpl.) Mansf. & Sleumer =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria glauca var. setosa Mansf. & Sleumer =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria glauca var. tomentella Mansf. & Sleumer =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria guianensis Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum] =Bejaria sprucei
Bejaria guianensis Klotzsch ex N.E. Br. =Bejaria sprucei
Bejaria hispida Poepp. & Endl. =Bejaria aestuans
Bejaria puberula Klotzsch ex Mansf. & Sleumer =Bejaria sprucei
Bejaria schomburgkiana Klotzsch ex M.R. Schomb. [nomen nudum] =Bejaria sprucei
Bejaria schomburgkiana Klotzsch ex Mansf. & Sleumer =Bejaria sprucei
Bejaria tatei Gleason =Bejaria imthurnii
Bejaria variabilis A.C. Sm. =Bejaria sprucei
Brossea lindeniana (Planch.) Kuntze =Gaultheria alnifolia var. alnifolia
Brossea roraimae (Klotzsch ex Meisn.) Kuntze =Gaultheria erecta
Cavendishia duidae A.C. Sm. =Cavendishia callista
Cavendishia gleasoniana A.C. Sm. =Cavendishia callista
Cavendishia phelpsiae Camp =Cavendishia callista
Cavendishia salicifolia Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn =Cavendishia callista
Cavendishia urichiana Britton =Psammisia urichiana
Ceratostema ulei Mansf. =Thibaudia nutans
Chupalon pubescens (Kunth) Kuntze =Cavendishia aff. pubescens
Epigaea cordifolia Sw. [not in flora area] =Gaultheria domingensis
Gaultheria cordifolia Kunth =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria lepida A.C. Sm. =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria lindeniana Planch. =Gaultheria alnifolia var. alnifolia
Gaultheria odorata Bredem. ex Willd. =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria odorata Kunth =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria roraimae Klotzsch ex Meisn. =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria scabra Willd. =Gaultheria erecta
Gaultheria tatei A.C. Sm. =Gaultheria erecta
Gaylussacia cacuminis A.C. Sm. =Gaylussacia buxifolia
Ledothamnus guyanensis var. nitidus A.C. Sm. =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus guyanensis subsp. tatei (A.C. Sm.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus stenopetalus Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus steyermarkii A.C. Sm. =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus steyermarkii subsp. longisetus Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus tatei A.C. Sm. =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Ledothamnus tatei var. puberulus A.C. Sm. =Ledothamnus guyanensis
Leucothoe duckei Huber =Agarista duckei
Leucothoe venezuelensis A.C. Sm. =Agarista duckei
Orthaea pendula Tutin =Orthaea apophysata
Orthaea pubifolia Maguire, Steyerm. & Luteyn =Orthaea hispida
Proclesia pubescens (Kunth) Klotzsch =Cavendishia aff. pubescens
Psammisia breweri Steyerm. & Maguire =Psammisia urichiana
Psammisia coriacea N.E. Br. =Thibaudia nutans
Psammisia formosa Klotzsch =Thibaudia formosa
Psammisia leucostoma Benth. ex Meisn. =Psammisia guianensis
Riedelia panurensis (Benth. ex Meisn.) Kuntze =Satyria panurensis
Satyria maguirei Camp =Satyria carnosiflora
Sophoclesia cordifolia (Benth.) Klotzsch =Sphyrospermum cordifolium
288
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Sophoclesia klotzschiana Mansf. =Sphyrospermum klotzschianum
Sophoclesia major (Griseb.) Benth. & Hook. f. =Sphyrospermum cordifolium
Sophoclesia nummulariaefolia Klotzsch =Sphyrospermum buxifolium
Sophoclesia ovata Klotzsch =Sphyrospermum cordifolium
Sophoclesia subscandens Klotzsch =Sphyrospermum cordifolium
Sphyrospermum majus Griseb. =Sphyrospermum cordifolium
Sphyrospermum roraimae Klotzsch =Sphyrospermum buxifolium
Tepuia floribunda Camp =Tepuia venusta
Tepuia tatei var. chimantana Steyerm. & Maguire =Tepuia tatei
Thibaudia alnifolia Dunal =Gaultheria alnifolia
Thibaudia jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Thibaudia involucrata
Thibaudia panurensis Benth. ex Meisn. =Satyria panurensis
Thibaudia pubescens Kunth =Cavendishia aff. pubescens
Thibaudia roraimae Mansf. =Thibaudia formosa
Thibaudia ulei (Mansf.) A.C. Sm. =Thibaudia nutans
Vaccinium cardonae A.C. Sm. =Vaccinium puberulum var. cardonae
Vaccinium cuspidatum Planch. ex Wedd. =Disterigma cuspidatum
Vaccinium hitchcockii Camp =Vaccinium puberulum var. hitchcockii
Vaccinium humboldtii Klotzsch =Disterigma humboldtii
Vaccinium spathulatum Camp & A.C. Sm. =Vaccinium puberulum var. spathulatum
Vaccinium subcrenulatum Klotzsch ex Meisn. =Vaccinium puberulum var. subcrenulatum
Vaccinium tepuiense Camp & A.C. Sm. =Vaccinium puberulum var. tepuiense
REFERENCES
Lanjouw, J. 1934. Ericaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 299-301.
Lanjouw, J. 1937. Ericaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 492-493.
Luteyn, J.L. 1983. Ericaceae Part I. Cavendishia. Flora Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290.
Luteyn, J.L. 1987. Orthaea: new species and redefinition of the genus. Nord. J. Bot. 7(1): 31-37.
Luteyn, J.L. (ed.). 1995. Ericaceae - Part II. The Superior-Ovaried Genera (Monotropoideae, Pyroloideae, Rhododendroideae,
and Vaccinioideae p.p.). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 66: 1-560.
Luteyn, J.L. 1998. Ericaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 4: 735-769.
Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Ericaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 261263.
Maguire, B., J.A. Steyermark, & J.L. Luteyn. 1978. Ericaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland.
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 139-203.
Sleumer, H.O. 1936. Die Arten der Gattung Vaccinium L. in Zentral- und Südamerika. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13:
111-140.
Smith, A.C. 1932. The American species of Thibaudieae. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 28: 311-547.
Smith, A.C. 1933. The genera Sphyrospermum and Disterigma. Brittonia 1: 203-232.
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
P.E. Berry, T. Plowman†
Erythroxylum amazonicum Peyr.
Erythroxylum amplum Benth.
Erythroxylum brevipes DC.
Erythroxylum campestre A. St.-Hil.
Erythroxylum cataractarum Spruce ex Peyr.
Erythroxylum citrifolium A. St.-Hil.
Erythroxylum coelophlebium Mart.
Erythroxylum cumanense Kunth
Erythroxylum divaricatum Peyr.
Erythroxylum fimbriatum Peyr.
Erythroxylum foetidum Plowman
Erythroxylum gracilipes Peyr.
Erythroxylum grisebachii Peyr.
Erythroxylum guanchezii Plowman
Erythroxylum havanense Jacq.
Erythroxylum hypoleucum Plowman
Erythroxylum impressum O.E. Schulz
Erythroxylum kapplerianum Peyr.
Erythroxylum lenticellosum Huber
Erythroxylum leptoneurum O.E. Schulz
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU?
GU?
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
BO
BO
BO
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Erythroxylum ligustrinum DC.
Erythroxylum lindemanii Plowman
Erythroxylum lineolatum DC.
Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav.
Erythroxylum macrophyllum var. macrophyllum
Erythroxylum macrophyllum var. savannarum Plowman
Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth.
Erythroxylum oreophilum (O.E. Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire
Erythroxylum orinocense Kunth
Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch ex O.E. Schulz
Erythroxylum rufum Cav.
Erythroxylum schomburgkii Peyr.
Erythroxylum spruceanum Peyr.
Erythroxylum squamatum Sw.
Erythroxylum steyermarkii Plowman
Erythroxylum suberosum A. St.-Hil.
Erythroxylum aff. subrotundum A. St.-Hil.
Erythroxylum vernicosum O.E. Schulz
Erythroxylum williamsii Standl. ex Plowman
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
289
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
GU
FG
GU
FG?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Erythroxylum acutifolium Steud. ex Peyr. =Erythroxylum citrifolium
Erythroxylum albertianum Kuhlm. & W.A. Rodrigues =Erythroxylum mucronatum
Erythroxylum areolatum Vell. =Erythroxylum suberosum
Erythroxylum aristigerum Peyr. =Erythroxylum squamatum
Erythroxylum aristigerum var. bahiense (Peyr.) O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum squamatum
Erythroxylum bahiense Peyr. =Erythroxylum squamatum
Erythroxylum christii O.E. Schulz [nomen nudum] =Erythroxylum aff. subrotundum
Erythroxylum coelophlebium var. grisebachii (Peyr.) O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum grisebachii
Erythroxylum comosum O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum mucronatum
Erythroxylum cuatrecasasii W.A. Gentner =Erythroxylum gracilipes
Erythroxylum duckei Huber =Erythroxylum citrifolium
Erythroxylum ectinocalyx Klotzsch =Erythroxylum divaricatum
Erythroxylum filipes Huber =Erythroxylum macrophyllum
Erythroxylum floribundum Mart. =Erythroxylum macrophyllum
Erythroxylum gomphioides Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch. =Erythroxylum citrifolium
Erythroxylum havanense var. continentis O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum havanense
Erythroxylum kirkianum O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum mucronatum
Erythroxylum laurinum Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch. =Erythroxylum macrophyllum
Erythroxylum ligustrinum var. grandifolium Sagot =Erythroxylum kapplerianum
Erythroxylum lucidum Kunth =Erythroxylum macrophyllum
Erythroxylum mapuerae Huber =Erythroxylum kapplerianum
Erythroxylum micranthum Bong. ex Peyr. =Erythroxylum citrifolium
Erythroxylum novogranatense var. macrophyllum O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum gracilipes
Erythroxylum obtusum DC. =Erythroxylum havanense
Erythroxylum ovatum Cav. =Erythroxylum havanense
Erythroxylum paraense Peyr. =Erythroxylum citrifolium
Erythroxylum recurrens Huber =Erythroxylum gracilipes
Erythroxylum squamatum var. emarginatum Peyr. =Erythroxylum vernicosum
Erythroxylum squamatum var. microcarpum O.E. Schulz =Erythroxylum squamatum
Erythroxylum squamatum var. orinocense Kuntze =Erythroxylum impressum
Erythroxylum squarrosum Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Erythroxylum rufum
Erythroxylum testaceum Peyr. =Erythroxylum suberosum
Erythroxylum trinerve Huber =Erythroxylum squamatum
Erythroxylum venezuelense Steyerm. =Erythroxylum mucronatum
Erythroxylum vernicosum var. oreophilum O.E. Schulz ex Pilg. =Erythroxylum oreophilum
REFERENCES
Heald, S.V. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide
to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 263-265.
Plowman, T. & P.E. Berry. 1999. Erythroxylaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 5: 59-71.
Schulz, O.E. 1907. Erythroxylaceae. In A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV(134): 1-176.
Westhoff, V. 1942. Erythroxylaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(2): 1-12.
290
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
EUPHORBIACEAE
W.S. Armbruster, P.E. Berry, H.-J. Esser, L.J. Gillespie, W.J. Hayden,
S.V. Heald, G.A. Levin, W. Punt, R. de S. Secco, G.L. Webster†
Acalypha alopecuroides Jacq.
Acalypha arvensis Poepp.
Acalypha cuneata Poepp.
Acalypha diversifolia Jacq.
Acalypha indica L. [naturalized]
Acalypha lanceolata Willd. [naturalized]
Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.
Acalypha poiretii Spreng.
Acalypha scandens Benth.
Acalypha schiedeana Schltdl.
Acalypha setosa A. Rich.
Acalypha villosa Jacq.
Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G.L. Webster
Actinostemon amazonicus Pax & K. Hoffm.
Actinostemon schomburgkii (Klotzsch) Hochr.
Adelia triloba (Müll. Arg.) Hemsl.
Adenophaedra grandifolia (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Alchornea castaneifolia (Willd.) A. Juss.
Alchornea discolor Poepp.
Alchornea fluviatilis Secco
Alchornea glandulosa Poepp.
Alchornea grandiflora Müll. Arg.
Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Müll. Arg.
Alchorneopsis floribunda (Benth.) Müll. Arg.
Amanoa almerindae Leal
Amanoa congesta W.J. Hayden
Amanoa cupatensis Huber
Amanoa glaucophylla Müll. Arg.
Amanoa guianensis Aubl.
Amanoa neglecta W.J. Hayden
Amanoa oblongifolia Müll. Arg.
Amanoa steyermarkii Jabl.
Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaertn. [cultivated, naturalized]
Aparisthmium cordatum (A. Juss.) Baill.
Astrococcus cornutus Benth.
Bernardia amazonica Croizat [specimens not seen]
Bernardia sidoides (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) A. St.-Hil.
Caperonia corchoroides Müll. Arg. [=Caperonia palustris?]
Caperonia paludosa Klotzsch [=Caperonia castaneifolia in FVG]
Caperonia palustris (L.) A. St.-Hil.
Caperonia stenophylla Müll. Arg.
Celianella montana Jabl.
Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus (Kuntze) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Cnidoscolus urens (L.) Arthur
Conceveiba guianensis Aubl.
Conceveiba latifolia Benth.
Conceveiba martiana Baill.
Conceveiba ptariana (Steyerm.) Jabl.
Croton argenteus L.
Croton argyrophylloides Müll. Arg.
Croton argyrophyllus Kunth
Croton bolivarensis Croizat
Croton cajucara Benth.
Croton conduplicatus Kunth
Croton cuneatus Klotzsch
Croton aff. draconoides Müll. Arg.
Croton essequiboensis Klotzsch [=Croton populifolius P. Mill.?]
Croton fragrans Kunth
Croton galeopsifolius Lanj.
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
DA
GU
SU
BO
BO
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
SU?
GU
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
DA
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
AM
FG
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
FG
BO
BO
FG
AM
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Croton gossypiifolius Vahl
Croton guaiquinimae Steyerm.
Croton guianensis Aubl.
Croton hirtus L’Hér.
Croton hostmannii Miq. ex Schltdl.
Croton icabarui Jabl.
Croton kaieteuri Jabl. [probably conspecific with Croton cuneatus]
Croton kavayanensis Steyerm.
Croton lobatus L.
Croton longiradiatus Lanj.
Croton macradenis Görts & Punt
Croton matourensis Aubl.
Croton megalodendron Müll. Arg.
Croton mollis Benth.
Croton neblinae Jabl.
Croton nepetifolius Baill.
Croton nuntians Croizat
Croton orinocensis Müll. Arg.
Croton palanostigma Klotzsch
Croton parodianus Croizat
Croton polypleurus Croizat
Croton potaroensis Lanj.
Croton pullei Lanj.
Croton pullei var. glabrior Lanj.
Croton pullei var. pullei
Croton rhamnifolius Kunth
Croton roraimensis Croizat
Croton roraimensis var. roraimensis
Croton rottlerifolius Baill.
Croton schiedeanus Schltdl.
Croton scutatus P.E. Berry & J.F. Gaskin
Croton sipaliwinensis Lanj.
Croton sp. A
Croton sp. B
Croton sp. C
Croton sp. D
Croton sp. E
Croton sp. F
Croton sp. G
Croton sp. H
Croton spiraeifolius Jabl.
Croton spruceanus Benth.
Croton stahelianus Lanj.
Croton subcoriaceus Jabl.
Croton subincanus Müll. Arg.
Croton subserratus Jabl.
Croton trinitatis Millsp.
Croton umbratilis Kunth
Croton vergarenae (Jabl.) L.J. Gillespie
Croton yavitensis Croizat
Dalechampia affinis Müll. Arg.
Dalechampia attenuistylus Armbr.
Dalechampia brevicolumna Armbr.
Dalechampia brownsbergensis G.L. Webster & Armbr.
Dalechampia aff. cissifolia Poepp.
Dalechampia dioscoreifolia Poepp.
Dalechampia fragrans Armbr.
Dalechampia heterobractea Armbr. [often confused with Dalechampia
parvibracteata]
Dalechampia liesneri Huft
Dalechampia magnoliifolia Müll. Arg.
Dalechampia megacarpa Armbr.
Dalechampia micrantha Poepp.
Dalechampia papillistigma Armbr.
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
291
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG?
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
BO
AM
DA
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
DA
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU?
GU
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
BO
GU
SU
BO
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG?
FG
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
SU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
292
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Dalechampia parvibracteata Lanj.
Dalechampia scandens L.
Dalechampia stipulacea Müll. Arg.
Dalechampia tenuiramea Müll. Arg.
Dalechampia tiliifolia Lam.
Dalechampia aff. triphylla Lam.
Dendrothrix multiglandulosa Esser
Dendrothrix yutajensis (Jabl.) Esser
Discocarpus essequeboensis Klotzsch [=”essequiboensis”]
Discocarpus gentryi S.M. Hayden
Discocarpus spruceanus Müll. Arg.
Ditaxis polygama (Jacq.) L.C. Wheeler
Dodecastigma amazonicum Ducke
Dodecastigma integrifolium (Lanj.) Lanj. & Sandwith
Drypetes fanshawei Sandwith
Drypetes monachinoi Jabl.
Drypetes variabilis Uittien
Euphorbia bahiensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.
Euphorbia blodgettii Engelm. [adventitious]
Euphorbia comosa Vell.
Euphorbia cotinifolia L.
Euphorbia cotinifolia subsp. cotinifolia
Euphorbia cotinifolia subsp. cotinoides (Miq.) Christenh.
Euphorbia dioeca Kunth
Euphorbia graminea Jacq. [adventitious]
Euphorbia heterophylla L.
Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray) Griseb. [native]
Euphorbia heterophylla var. heterophylla [native]
Euphorbia hirta L.
Euphorbia humayensis Brandegee
Euphorbia hypericifolia L.
Euphorbia hyssopifolia L.
Euphorbia hyssopifolia var. pubescenticocca Christenh.
Euphorbia aff. laurifolia Juss.
Euphorbia mesembrianthemifolia Jacq. [adventitous]
Euphorbia neriifolia L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Euphorbia oerstediana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.
Euphorbia prostrata Aiton
Euphorbia pulcheririma Willd. ex Klotzsch [cultivated, naturalized]
Euphorbia serpens Kunth
Euphorbia spruceana Boiss.
Euphorbia thymifolia L.
Euphorbia tirucalli L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Gavarretia terminalis Baill.
Glycydendron amazonicum Ducke
Gymnanthes hypoleuca Benth.
Haematostemon coriaceus (Baill.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Haematostemon guianensis Sandwith
Hevea benthamiana Müll. Arg.
Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg. [widely cultivated, possibly
indigenous in FG]
Hevea guianensis Aubl.
Hevea guianensis var. guianensis
Hevea guianensis var. lutea (Spruce ex Benth.) Ducke & R.E. Schult.
Hevea microphylla Ule
Hevea pauciflora (Spruce ex Benth.) Müll. Arg.
Hevea pauciflora var. coriacea Ducke
Hieronyma alchorneoides Allemno
Hieronyma alchorneoides var. alchorneoides
Hieronyma alchorneoides var. stipulosa Franco
Hieronyma oblonga (Tul.) Müll. Arg.
Hura crepitans L.
Jablonskia congesta (Benth. ex Müll. Arg.) G.L. Webster
Jatropha curcas L. [cultivated, naturalized]
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
DA
GU
GU
SU
GU
FG
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
GU
SU
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
BO
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
SU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
AM
BO
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
GU
AM
FG?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
DA
DA
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
Mabea angularis Hollander
Mabea anomala Müll. Arg.
Mabea arenicola Esser
Mabea biglandulosa Baill. ex Müll. Arg.
Mabea frutescens Jabl.
Mabea linearifolia Jabl.
Mabea longibracteata Esser
Mabea montana Müll. Arg.
Mabea nitida Spruce ex Benth.
Mabea occidentalis Benth. [not in flora area]
Mabea pakaraimaea Esser, sp. nov. ined.
Mabea piriri Aubl.
Mabea pulcherrima Müll. Arg.
Mabea rubicunda Jabl.
Mabea salicoides Esser
Mabea sp. A
Mabea sp. B [expected in BO. Base of Roraima on Guyana side]
Mabea speciosa Müll. Arg.
Mabea speciosa subsp. A
Mabea speciosa subsp. B
Mabea speciosa subsp. speciosa
Mabea subsessilis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Mabea taquari Aubl.
Mabea trianae Pax
Manihot anomala Pohl
Manihot anomala subsp. pubescens D.J. Rogers & Appan
Manihot brachyloba Müll. Arg.
Manihot carthaginensis (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Manihot esculenta Crantz [cultivated, naturalized]
Manihot aff. quinquepartita Huber ex D.J. Rogers & Appan
Manihot sprucei Pax
Manihot surinamensis D.J. Rogers & Appan
Manihot tristis Müll. Arg.
Manihot tristis subsp. saxicola (Lanj.) D.J. Rogers & Appan
Manihot tristis subsp. tristis [not in flora area]
Maprounea amazonica Esser
Maprounea guianensis Aubl.
Margaritaria nobilis L. f.
Micrandra brownsbergensis Lanj. [probably conspecific with Micrandra
elata]
Micrandra glabra (R.E. Schult.) R.E. Schult.
Micrandra gleasoniana (Croizat) R.E. Schult.
Micrandra inundata P.E. Berry & Wiedenhoeft
Micrandra lopezii R.E. Schult.
Micrandra minor Benth.
Micrandra rossiana R.E. Schult.
Micrandra siphonioides Benth.
Micrandra sp. A
Micrandra spruceana (Baill.) R.E. Schult. [record probably misident.]
Micrandra sprucei (Müll. Arg.) R.E. Schult.
Microstachys corniculata (Vahl) Griseb.
Omphalea diandra L.
Pausandra fordii Secco
Pausandra martinii Baill.
Pausandra trianae (Müll. Arg.) Baill. [specimens not seen]
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit.
Pedilanthus tithymaloides subsp. tithymaloides [native to GU, SU; cultivated
in all]
Pera bicolor (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Pera citriodora Baill.
Pera decipiens (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Pera distichophylla (Mart.) Baill.
Pera glabrata (Schott) Poepp. ex Baill.
AM
BO
293
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
BO
AM
GU?
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
FG
DA
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
DA
GU
SU
BO
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
GU
SU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
SU
GU
SU
BO
BO
DA
SU
FG
294
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Pera tomentosa (Benth.) Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl
Phyllanthus adiantoides Klotzsch
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn.
Phyllanthus atabapoensis Jabl.
Phyllanthus attenuatus Miq.
Phyllanthus bolivarensis Steyerm.
Phyllanthus borjaensis Jabl.
Phyllanthus brasiliensis (Aubl.) Poir.
Phyllanthus caribaeus Urb.
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
Phyllanthus caroliniensis subsp. caroliniensis
Phyllanthus caroliniensis subsp. guianensis (Klotzsch) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus caroliniensis subsp. stenopterus (Müll. Arg.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus carrenoi Steyerm.
Phyllanthus chimantae Jabl.
Phyllanthus debilis Klein ex Willd. [naturalized]
Phyllanthus duidae Gleason
Phyllanthus elsiae Urb.
Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. ex Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus gallinetae Jabl. [included in Phyllanthus myrsinites?]
Phyllanthus hyssopifolioides Kunth
Phyllanthus jablonskianus Steyerm. & Luteyn
Phyllanthus jauaensis Jabl.
Phyllanthus juglandifolius Willd.
Phyllanthus juglandifolius subsp. cornifolius (Kunth) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus juglandifolius subsp. juglandifolius
Phyllanthus lediformis Jabl.
Phyllanthus lindbergii Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus longistylus Jabl.
Phyllanthus maguirei Jabl.
Phyllanthus majus Steyerm.
Phyllanthus microphyllus Kunth
Phyllanthus minutifolius Jabl.
Phyllanthus minutulus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus myrsinites Kunth
Phyllanthus myrsinites subsp. francavillanus (Müll. Arg.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus myrsinites subsp. myrsinites [=includes Phyllanthus gallinetae?]
Phyllanthus neblinae Jabl.
Phyllanthus niruri L.
Phyllanthus obfalcatus Lasser & Maguire
Phyllanthus orbiculatus Rich.
Phyllanthus orinocensis Steyerm.
Phyllanthus paezensis Jabl.
Phyllanthus paraqueensis Jabl.
Phyllanthus piscatorum Kunth [specimens not seen]
Phyllanthus pseudoconami Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus pycnophyllus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus rupestris Kunth
Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus strobilaceus Jabl.
Phyllanthus subapicalis Jabl.
Phyllanthus subapicalis Jabl. subsp. A
Phyllanthus subapicalis Jabl. subsp. sequoiifolius (Jabl.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus subapicalis Jabl. subsp. subapicalis
Phyllanthus subglomeratus Poir. [cultivated only?]
Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb. [naturalized]
Phyllanthus tepuicola Steyerm.
Phyllanthus urinaria L. [naturalized]
Phyllanthus vacciniifolius (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus ventuarii Jabl.
Piranhea longepedunculata Jabl.
Piranhea trifoliata Baill.
Plukenetia brachybotrya Müll. Arg. [group, vide also P. buchtienii, P.
loretensis]
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
GU
SU
GU
SU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
FG
AM
BO
DA
DA
GU
AM
AM
BO
SU?
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
FG
GU
FG
GU
FG
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU?
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
AM
BO
FG
AM
DA
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
DA
GU?
GU?
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Plukenetia loretensis Ule
Plukenetia multiglandulosa Jabl.
Plukenetia penninervia Müll. Arg.
Plukenetia polyadenia Müll. Arg.
Plukenetia supraglandulosa L.J. Gillespie
Plukenetia verrucosa Sm.
Plukenetia volubilis L.
Podocalyx loranthoides Klotzsch
Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth.
Richeria grandis Vahl
Ricinus communis L. [cultivated, naturalized]
Sagotia brachysepala (Müll. Arg.) Secco
Sagotia racemosa Baill.
Sandwithia guyanensis Lanj.
Sandwithia heterocalyx Secco
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium contortum Croizat
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium jenmanii Hemsl.
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Savia sessiliflora (Sw.) Willd.
Sebastiania bidentata (Mart.) Pax
Sebastiania guianensis (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Senefeldera inclinata Müll. Arg.
Senefeldera macrophylla Ducke
Senefelderopsis chiribiquetensis (R.E. Schult. & Croizat) Steyerm.
Senefelderopsis croizatii Steyerm.
Tetrorchidium rubrivenium Poepp.
Tragia fallax Müll. Arg.
Tragia fendleri Müll. Arg.
Tragia guayanensis L.J. Gillespie
Tragia lessertiana (Baill.) Müll. Arg.
Tragia tabulaemontana L.J. Gillespie
Tragia volubilis L.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
295
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
GU
AM
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Acalypha cuneata var. obovata (Benth.) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha cuneata
Acalypha diversifolia var. carpinifolia (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha diversifolia
Acalypha diversifolia var. leptostachya (Kunth) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha diversifolia
Acalypha hirsutissima Willd. =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha karsteniana Pax & K. Hoffm. =Acalypha villosa
Acalypha leptostachya Kunth =Acalypha diversifolia
Acalypha leptostachya var. carpinifolia Müll. Arg. =Acalypha diversifolia
Acalypha macrophylla Kunth =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha macrostachya var. hirsutissima (Willd.) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha macrostachya var. macrophylla (Kunth) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha macrostachya var. tristis (Poepp.) Müll. Arg. =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha obovata Benth. =Acalypha cuneata
Acalypha persimilis var. corchorifolia (A. Rich.) Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Acalypha samydifolia Poepp. =Acalypha diversifolia
Acalypha schiedeana var. angustifolia (Müll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Acalypha schiedeana
Acalypha schiedeana f. angustifolia Müll. Arg. =Acalypha schiedeana
Acalypha tristis Poepp. =Acalypha macrostachya
Acalypha villosa var. intermedia Müll. Arg. =Acalypha villosa
Acalypha villosa var. paniculata Müll. Arg. =Acalypha villosa
Acalypha villosa var. tomentosa Müll. Arg. =Acalypha villosa
Acidoton venezolanus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) G.L. Webster =Acidoton nicaraguensis
Actinostemon depauperatus Pax & K. Hoffm. =Actinostemon schomburgkii
Actinostemon guyanensis Pax & K. Hoffm. ? =Sandwithia guyanensis
Actinostemon parvifolius Pittier =Actinostemon schomburgkii
Alchornea brachygyne Pax & K. Hoffm. =Alchornea discolor
Alchornea cordata (A. Juss.) Müll. Arg. =Aparisthmium cordatum
Alchornea glandulosa var. floribunda Benth. =Alchorneopsis floribunda
Alchornea orinocensis Croizat =Aparisthmium cordatum
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
DA
GU?
GU
GU
SU
296
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Alchornea schomburgkii Klotzsch =Alchornea discolor
Alchorneopsis trimera Lanj. =Alchorneopsis floribunda
Alectoroctonum caracasanum Klotzsch & Garcke =Euphorbia cotinifolia
Amanoa grandiflora (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Amanoa guianensis
Amanoa guianensis var. grandiflora Müll. Arg. =Amanoa guianensis
Amanoa pubescens Steyerm. =Amanoa almerindae
Angostyles tabulamontana Croizat [dubious species of uncertain placement]
Antidesma triplinervia Spreng. =Alchornea triplinervia
Apodandra brachybotrya (Müll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr. =Plukenetia brachybotrya
Apodandra loretensis (Ule) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Plukenetia loretensis
Argythamnia polygama (Jacq.) Kuntze =Ditaxis polygama
Astrococcus coriaceus Baill. =Haematostemon coriaceus
Ateramnus hypoleucus (Benth.) Rothm. =Gymnanthes hypoleuca
Chaetocarpus stipularis Gleason =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Chaetocarpus williamsii Steyerm. =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Chamaesyce adenoptera (Bertol.) Small =Euphorbia dioeca
Chamaesyce dioeca (Kunth) Millsp. =Euphorbia dioeca
Chamaesyce glomerifera Millsp. =Euphorbia hypericifolia
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. =Euphorbia hirta
Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp. =Euphorbia hypericifolia
Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small = Euphorbia hyssopifolia (L.)
Chamaesyce mesembrianthemifolia (Jacq.) Dugand =Euphorbia mesembrianthemifolia
Chamaesyce prostrata (Aiton) Small =Euphorbia prostrata
Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small =Euphorbia serpens
Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp. =Euphorbia thymifolia
Cleidion sp. [not in flora area]
Cleidion? nicaraguense Hemsl. =Acidoton nicaraguensis
Clusiophyllum sprucei Müll. Arg. =Micrandra sprucei
Conami brasiliensis Aubl. =Phyllanthus brasiliensis
Conceveiba cordatum A. Juss. =Aparisthmium cordatum
Conceveiba hostmannii Benth. =Conceveiba guianensis
Conceveiba terminalis (Baill.) Müll. Arg. =Gavarretia terminalis
Conceveibastrum martianum (Baill.) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Conceveiba martiana
Conceveibastrum ptarianum Steyerm. =Conceveiba ptariana
Conceveibum cordatum A. Juss. =Aparisthmium cordatum
Croton barlettii Lanj. =Croton potaroensis
Croton bartlettii Lanj. =Croton potaroensis
Croton benthamianus Müll. Arg. =Croton palanostigma
Croton cardonei Croizat =Croton potaroensis
Croton castaneifolius L. =Caperonia castaneifolia
Croton crenatus Müll. Arg. =Croton mollis
Croton glabellus L. [not in flora area]
Croton glandulosus L. [not in flora area]
Croton glandulosus subsp. hirtus (L’Hér.) Croizat =Croton hirtus
Croton glandulosus var. hirtus (L’Hér.) Müll. Arg. =Croton hirtus
Croton glandulosus subsp. hirtus (L’Hér.) Croizat, Bull. =Croton hirtus
Croton kavanayensis Steyerm. =Croton matourensis
Croton lanjouwensis Jabl. =Croton matourensis
Croton matourensis var. benthamianus Müll. Arg. =Croton matourensis
Croton micans Sw. =Croton argyrophyllus
Croton miquelensis Ferguson ex Lanj. =Croton trinitatis
Croton miquelianus Ferguson =Croton trinitatis
Croton monachinoensis Jabl. =Croton cuneatus
Croton nervosus Klotzsch [nom. illeg.] =Croton argyrophyllus
Croton pakaraimae Jabl. =Croton matourensis
Croton polygamus Jacq. =Ditaxis polygama
Croton populifolius Mill. [see Croton essequiboensis]
Croton populifolius var. essequiboensis (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg. =Croton essequiboensis
Croton roraimensis var. subinteger Steyerm. =Croton roraimensis
Croton sessiliflorum Sw. =Savia sessiliflora
Croton surinamensis Müll. Arg. =Croton cuneatus
Croton tafelbergicus Croizat =Croton guianensis
Croton xanthochloros Croizat =Croton megalodendron
Cunuria ? casiquiarensis Croizat =Podocalyx loranthoides
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Cunuria crassipes Müll. Arg. =Micrandra sprucei
Cunuria glabra R.E. Schult. ex Baldwin & R.E. Schult. =Micrandra glabra
Cunuria gleasoniana Croizat =Micrandra gleasoniana
Cunuria spruceana Baill. =Micrandra spruceana
Dactylostemon schomburgkii Klotzsch =Actinostemon schomburgkii
Dalechampia brevipes Briq. =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia colorata L. f. =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia cynanchoides S. Moore =Dalechampia tenuiramea
Dalechampia dioscoreifolia Pulle [latter homonym] =Dalechampia affinis
Dalechampia heterophylla Vahl =Dalechampia tiliifolia
Dalechampia latifolia Lam. =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia mollis Vahl =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia peruviana Lam. =Dalechampia tiliifolia
Dalechampia pruriens Griseb. =Dalechampia tiliifolia
Dalechampia roezliana var. amazonica Ule =Dalechampia magnoliifolia
Dalechampia rubiformis Spreng. =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia ruboides Kunth =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia sidaefolia Kunth =Dalechampia scandens
Dalechampia spathulata (Scheidw.) Baill. [not in flora area]
Dalechampia villosa Lam. =Dalechampia scandens
Discocarpus brasiliensis Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg. =Discocarpus essequeboensis
Discocarpus mazarunensis Croizat =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Dodecastigma mazarunense Croizat =Dodecastigma integrifolium
Drypetes maguireana Monach. =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Drypetes spruceana Müll. Arg. =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Elaeophora abutifolia Ducke =Plukenetia polyadenia
Elaeophora polyadenia (Müll. Arg.) Ducke =Plukenetia polyadenia
Euphorbia adenoptera Bertol. =Euphorbia dioeca
Euphorbia brasiliensis Lam. =Euphorbia hyssopifolia
Euphorbia buxifolia Lam. =Euphorbia mesembrianthemifolia
Euphorbia caracasana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss. =Euphorbia cotinifolia
Euphorbia cotinoides Miq. =Euphorbia cotinifolia subsp. cotinoides
Euphorbia cyathophora Murray =Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora
Euphorbia globulifera Kunth =Euphorbia hirta
Euphorbia morisoniana Klotzsch =Euphorbia heterophylla var. heterophylla
Euphorbia multinodis Urb. [not in flora area]
Euphorbia myrtillifolia L. [not in flora area]
Euphorbia surinamensis Lanj. =Euphorbia oerstediana
Euphorbia tenella Kunth =Euphorbia serpens
Euphorbia tithymaloides L. =Pedilanthus tithymaloides
Gaedawakka schomburgkiana Kuntze =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Gaedawakka schomburgkianus Kuntze =Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus
Gitara venezolana Pax & K. Hoffm. =Acidoton nicaraguensis
Glochidion vacciniifolium Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus vacciniifolius
Guarania laurifolia Baill. =Richeria grandis
Gymnanthes guyanensis Müll. Arg. =Sebastiania guianensis
Hermesia castaneifolia Willd. =Alchornea castaneifolia
Hevea confusa Hemsl. =Hevea pauciflora var. coriacea
Hevea lutea (Spruce ex Benth.) Müll. Arg. =Hevea guianensis var. lutea
Hevea minor Hemsl. =Hevea pauciflora var. coriacea
Hevea paludosa Ule =Hevea pauciflora var. coriacea
Hieronyma laxiflora (Tul.) Müll. Arg. =Hieronyma alchorneoides var. alchorneoides
Hippomane biglandulosa L. [nom. illeg.] =Sapium glandulosum
Hippomane glandulosa L. =Sapium glandulosum
Jatropha carthaginensis Jacq. =Manihot carthaginensis
Jatropha manihot L. =Manihot esculenta
Jatropha urens L. =Cnidoscolus urens
Julocroton argenteus (L.) Didr. =Croton argenteus
Julocroton vergarenae Jabl. =Croton vergarenae
Mabea argutissima Croizat =Mabea subsessilis
Mabea atroviridis Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea montana
Mabea caudata Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea speciosa subsp. speciosa
Mabea caudata var. concolor Lanj. =Mabea speciosa subsp. A
Mabea ciliata Gleason =Mabea montana
297
298
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Mabea costata Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea montana
Mabea eximia Ducke =Mabea pulcherrima
Mabea floribunda Jabl. =Mabea montana
Mabea longepedicellata Pittier =Mabea montana
Mabea lucida Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea montana
Mabea maynensis Spruce ex Müll. Arg. =Mabea piriri
Mabea montana subsp. biglandulosa (Müll. Arg.) Hollander =Mabea biglandulosa
Mabea montana subsp. lucida (Pax & K. Hoffm.) Hollander =Mabea montana
Mabea muricata Jabl. =Mabea nitida
Mabea nitida var. albiflora Müll. Arg. =Mabea nitida
Mabea occidentalis var. laevigata (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Mabea biglandulosa
Mabea occidentalis var. obovata (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Mabea speciosa subsp. B
Mabea occidentalis var. purpurascens (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Mabea speciosa subsp. B
Mabea orbiculata Jabl. =Mabea frutescens
Mabea pallida Müll. Arg. =Mabea occidentalis
Mabea parguazae Jabl. =Mabea montana
Mabea parvifolia Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea trianae
Mabea piriri var. laevigata Müll. Arg. =Mabea biglandulosa
Mabea piriri var. obovata Müll. Arg. =Mabea speciosa subsp. B
Mabea piriri var. purpurascens Müll. Arg. =Mabea speciosa subsp. B
Mabea saramaccensis Croizat =Mabea speciosa subsp. A
Mabea schomburgkii Benth. =Mabea taquari
Mabea speciosa subsp. concolor (Müll. Arg.) Hollander =Mabea piriri
Mabea taquari var. angustifolia Müll. Arg. =Mabea taquari
Mabea verrucosa Pax & K. Hoffm. =Mabea montana
Manihot diffusa Pohl =Manihot esculenta
Manihot dulcis Pax =Manihot esculenta
Manihot glaziovii Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Manihot maguireana D.J. Rogers & Appan =Manihot tristis subsp. saxicola
Manihot manihot (L.) Cockerell =Manihot esculenta
Manihot melanobasis Müll. Arg. [not in flora area]
Manihot orinocensis Croizat =Manihot tristis subsp. tristis
Manihot rusbyi Britton =Manihot brachyloba
Manihot saxicola Lanj. =Manihot tristis subsp. saxicola
Manihot utilissima Pohl =Manihot esculenta
Maprounea guianensis var. guianensis f. obtusata Müll. Arg. =Maprounea amazonica
Maprounea guianensis var. obtusata (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Maprounea amazonica
Meborea guianensis Aubl. [name of uncertain application] =Phyllanthus sp.
Megalostylis poeppigii S. Moore =Dalechampia micrantha
Micrandra cunuri Baill. ex Müll. Arg. =Micrandra spruceana
Micrandra elata (Didr.) Müll. Arg. [see Micrandra brownsbergensis]
Micrandra siphonioides var. minor (Benth.) Müll. Arg. =Micrandra minor
Microstachys guianensis Klotzsch =Microstachys corniculata
Moeroris stipulata Raf. =Phyllanthus stipulatus
Omphalea elaeophoroides Steyerm. ex Standl. =Omphalea diandra
Omphalea megacarpa Hemsl. =Omphalea diandra
Pausandra flagellorachis Lanj. =Pausandra martinii
Pausandra flagellorhachis Lanj. =Pausandra martinii
Pausandra integrifolia Lanj. =Dodecastigma integrifolium
Pera echinocarpa Baill. [not in flora area]
Pera ferruginea (Schott) Müll. Arg. =Pera glabrata
Pera nitida (Benth.) Jabl. =Pera decipiens
Pera obovata Baill. [not in flora area]
Pera schomburgkiana (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg. =Pera bicolor
Peridium bicolor Klotzsch =Pera bicolor
Peridium bicolor var. nitidum Benth. =Pera decipiens
Peridium bicolor var. tomentosum Benth. =Pera tomentosa
Peridium decipiens Müll. Arg. =Pera decipiens
Peridium ferrugineum Schott =Pera glabrata
Peridium glabratum Schott =Pera glabrata
Peridium schomburgkianum Klotzsch =Pera bicolor
Phyllanthus adenophyllus Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus myrsinites
Phyllanthus anadenus Jabl. =Phyllanthus subapicalis subsp. subapicalis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Phyllanthus brachycladus Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus rupestris
Phyllanthus conami Sw. =Phyllanthus brasiliensis
Phyllanthus congestus Benth. ex Müll. Arg. =Jablonskia congesta
Phyllanthus corcovadensis Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus tenellus
Phyllanthus cornifolius Kunth =Phyllanthus juglandifolius subsp. cornifolius
Phyllanthus croizatii Steyerm. =Phyllanthus urinaria
Phyllanthus delicatissimus Jabl. =Phyllanthus rupestris
Phyllanthus diffusus Klotzsch =Phyllanthus stipulatus
Phyllanthus dinizii Huber =Phyllanthus myrsinites
Phyllanthus epiphyllanthus L. [not in flora area]
Phyllanthus francavillanus Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus myrsinites subsp. francavillanus
Phyllanthus glaucoviridis Jabl. =Phyllanthus myrsinites
Phyllanthus grandifolius L. [not in flora area]
Phyllanthus guianensis Klotzsch =Phyllanthus caroliniensis subsp. guianensis
Phyllanthus guyanensis Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus attenuatus
Phyllanthus ichthyomethius Rusby =Phyllanthus piscatorum
Phyllanthus lathyroides Kunth [not in flora area]
Phyllanthus microcarpoides Croizat =Phyllanthus rupestris
Phyllanthus monocladus Urb. =Phyllanthus hyssopifolioides
Phyllanthus nobilis (L. f.) Müll. Arg. =Margaritaria nobilis
Phyllanthus pentrandrus Schumach. & Thonn. [not in flora area]
Phyllanthus pimichinianus Jabl. =Phyllanthus myrsinites subsp. francavillanus
Phyllanthus pseudoconami Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus piscatorum
Phyllanthus pseudoconami var. pubescens Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus piscatorum
Phyllanthus schomburgkianus Müll. Arg. =Phyllanthus caroliniensis subsp. guianensis
Phyllanthus sequoiifolius Jabl. =Phyllanthus subapicalis subsp. sequoiifolius
Phyllanthus vacciniifolius subsp. vinillaensis Steyerm. =Phyllanthus vacciniifolius
Plukenetia abutifolia (Ducke) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Plukenetia polyadenia
Plukenetia buchtienii Pax =Plukenetia brachybotrya
Plukenetia macrostyla Ule =Plukenetia volubilis
Pogonophora schomburgkiana f. elliptica Pax & K. Hoffm. =Pogonophora schomburgkiana
Pogonophora schomburgkiana var. longifolia Miers ex Benth. =Pogonophora schomburgkiana
Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke =Euphorbia heterophylla var. heterophylla
Poinsettia oerstediana Klotzsch & Garcke =Euphorbia oerstediana
Poraresia anomala Gleason =Pogonophora schomburgkiana
Pseudosenefeldera inclinata (Müll. Arg.) Esser =Senefeldera inclinata
Rhodothyrsus macrophyllus (Ducke) Esser =Senefeldera macrophylla
Rhopalostylis buettnerioides Klotzsch ex Baill. =Dalechampia micrantha
Richeria grandis var. divaricata Müll. Arg. =Richeria grandis
Richeria grandis var. genuina Müll. Arg. =Richeria grandis
Richeria grandis var. obovata Müll. Arg. =Richeria grandis
Richeria grandis var. racemosa Müll. Arg. =Richeria grandis
Richeria laurifolia (Baill.) Baill. =Richeria grandis
Richeria loranthoides (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg. =Podocalyx loranthoides
Richeria obovata (Müll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Richeria grandis
Richeria racemosa (Müll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Richeria grandis
Ricinella triloba Müll. Arg. =Adelia triloba
Sagotia racemosa var. brachysepala Müll. Arg. =Sagotia brachysepala
Sagotia racemosa var. genuina Müll. Arg. =Sagotia racemosa
Sagotia racemosa var. ligularis Müll. Arg. =Sagotia racemosa
Sagotia racemosa var. microsepala Müll. Arg. =Sagotia racemosa
Sagotia tafelbergii Croizat =Sagotia racemosa
Sapium albomarginatum Pax & K. Hoffm. =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium aubletianum (Müll. Arg.) Huber [nom. illeg.] =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium aucuparium Jacq. [nom. illeg.] [see Sapium glandulosum] =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium biglandulosum (L.) Müll. Arg. [nom. illeg.] [see Sapium glandulosum] =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium biglandulosum var. aubletianum Müll. Arg. [nom. illeg.] =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium biglandulosum var. klotzschianum Müll. Arg. =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium biglandulosum var. lanceolatum Müll. Arg. =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium cladogyne Hutch. =Sapium jenmanii
Sapium ellipticum Hemsl. [see Sapium glandulosum]
Sapium guaricense Pittier =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium hemsleyanum Huber =Sapium glandulosum
299
300
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Sapium hippomane G. Mey. [nom. illeg.] =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium klotzschianum (Müll. Arg.) Huber =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium lanceolatum (Müll. Arg.) Huber =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium microdentatum Lanj. =Sapium paucinervium
Sapium montanum Lanj. =Sapium argutum
Sapium moritzianum Klotzsch =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium naiguatense Pittier =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium obtusilobum Müll. Arg. =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium paucistamineum Pittier =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium prunifolium Klotzsch =Sapium glandulosum
Sapium yutajense Jabl. =Dendrothrix yutajensis
Sebastiania corniculata (Vahl) Müll. Arg. =Microstachys corniculata
Sebastiania corniculata var. guyanensis (Klotzsch) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Microstachys corniculata
Sebastiania linearifolia Lanj. =Sebastiania bidentata
Sebastiania micrantha (Benth.) Lanj. =Microstachys corniculata
Securinega congesta (Benth. ex Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg. =Jablonskia congesta
Senefeldera chiribiquetensis R. Schult. & Croizat =Senefelderopsis chiribiquetensis
Senefeldera karsteniana Pax & K. Hoffm. =Senefeldera inclinata
Senefeldera multiflora var. acutifolia Müll. Arg. =Senefeldera inclinata
Senefeldera yutajensis (Jabl.) G.L. Webster =Dendrothrix yutajensis
Senefelderopsis sipapoensis Jabl. =Senefelderopsis croizatii
Senefelderopsis venamoensis Jabl. =Senefelderopsis croizatii
Siphonia lutea Spruce ex Benth. =Hevea guianensis var. lutea
Siphonia pauciflora Spruce ex Benth. =Hevea pauciflora
Spixia distichophylla Mart. =Pera distichophylla
Stilaginella laxiflora Tul. =Hieronyma alchorneoides var. alchorneoides
Stilaginella oblonga Tul. =Hieronyma oblonga
Traganthus sidoides Klotzsch =Bernardia sidoides
Tragia corniculata Vahl =Microstachys corniculata
Tragia grandifolia Klotzsch =Adenophaedra grandifolia
Tragia japurensis Müll. Arg. =Tragia fendleri
Tragiopsis fruticulosa H. Karst =Microstachys corniculata
Veconcibea latifolia (Benth.) Pax & K. Hoffm. =Conceveiba latifolia
REFERENCES
Burger, W. & M. Huft. Euphorbiaceae. In W. Burger, Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana Bot. (n.s.) 36: 1-169.
Den Hollander, G. & C.C. Berg. 1986. Studies on the flora of the Guianas 21. Mabea species of the Guianas - a precursor. Proc.
Kon. Ned. Akad. Wet. ser. C, 89(2): 147-157.
Franco, P. 1990. The genus Hyeronima in South America. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 111: 297-346.
Gillespie, L.J. 1993. Euphorbiaceae of the Guianas: Annotated species checklist and key to the genera. Brittonia 45(1): 56-94.
Gillespie, L.J. 1993. A synopsis of the Neotropical Plukenetia including two new species. Syst. Bot. 18(4): 575-592.
Gillespie, L.J. 1994. A new section and two new species of Tragia from Venezuelan Guayana and French Guiana. Novon 4(4):
330-338.
Gillespie, L.J. 2002. Euphorbiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
266-298.
Gillespie, L.J. & W.S. Armbruster. 1997. A contribution to the Guianan Flora: Dalechampia, Haematostemon, Omphalea, Pera,
Plukenetia, and Tragia, with notes on subfamily Acalyphoideae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 86.
Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A. 1976. Euphorbiaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 2(2):
387-424.
Hayden, W.J. 1990. Notes on Neotropical Amanoa. Brittonia 42(4): 260-270.
Jablonski, E. 1965. Euphorbiaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part 6. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 12(3): 1-285.
Jablonski, E. 1967. Euphorbiaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland Part 7. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 17(1): 1-439.
Lanjouw, J. 1932. Euphorbiaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 1-101.
Lanjouw, J. 1939. Euphorbiaceae (additions and corrections). In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 457-470.
Rogers, D.J. & S.G. Appan. 1973. Manihot and Manihotoides. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 13: 1-272.
Webster, G.L. & W.S. Armbruster. 1991. A synopsis of the neotropical species of Dalechampia. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 105: 137-177.
Webster, G.L., P.E. Berry, W.S. Armbruster, H.-J. Esser, L.J. Gillespie, W.J. Hayden, G.A. Levin, R. de S. Secco, & S.V. Heald.
1999. Euphorbiaceae.In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 72228.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
301
EUPHRONIACEAE
L. Marcano-Berti, J.A. Steyermark†
Euphronia acuminatissima Steyerm.
AM
Euphronia guianensis (R.H. Schomb.) Hallier f. [=Euphronia hirtelloides s.l.]
Euphronia hirtelloides Mart. ex Mart. & Zucc.
AM
BO
BO
GU
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Euphronia licanioides (Spruce ex Warm.) Hallier f. =Euphronia hirtelloides
Lightia guianensis R.H. Schomb. =Euphronia guianensis
Lightia licanioides Spruce ex Warm. =Euphronia hirtelloides
REFERENCES
Lleras, E. 1976. Revision and taxonomic position of the genus Euphronia Martius ex Martius & Zuccarini (Vochysiaceae). Acta
Amaz. 6: 43-47.
Marcano-Berti, L. 1989. Euphroniaceae: una nueva familia. Pittieria 18: 15-17.
Marcano-Berti, L. 1998. Euphroniaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A) 21: 45-48.
Steyermark, J.A. & L. Marcano-Berti. 1999. Euphroniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora
of the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 228-230.
FLACOURTIACEAE
G.A. Aymard C., P.E. Berry, R.W. Kiger, M. Olson
Banara guianensis Aubl.
Banara nitida Spruce ex Benth.
Banara orinocensis (Cuatrec.) Sleumer
Carpotroche crispidentata Ducke
Carpotroche grandiflora Spruce ex Benth.
Carpotroche longifolia (Poepp.) Benth.
Carpotroche surinamensis Uittien
Casearia aculeata Jacq.
Casearia acuminata DC.
Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.
Casearia celastroides Klotzsch [nomen nudum]
Casearia combaymensis Tul. [Guianan material often det. C. bracteifera or C.
singularis]
Casearia commersoniana Cambess.
Casearia decandra Jacq.
Casearia duckeana Sleumer
Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer
Casearia grandiflora Cambess.
Casearia guianensis (Aubl.) Urb.
Casearia hirsuta Sw.
Casearia javitensis Kunth
Casearia mariquitensis Kunth
Casearia mollis Kunth
Casearia neblinae Sleumer
Casearia negrensis Eichler
Casearia pitumba Sleumer
Casearia prunifolia Kunth
Casearia resinifera Spruce ex Eichler
Casearia rusbyana Briq.
Casearia spinescens (Sw.) Griseb.
Casearia spruceana Benth. ex Eichler
Casearia sylvestris Sw.
Casearia tremula (Griseb.) Griseb. ex Wright
Casearia ulmifolia Vahl ex Vent.
Casearia zizyphoides Kunth
Euceraea nitida Mart.
Euceraea rheophytica P.E. Berry & M. Olson
Euceraea sleumeriana Steyerm. & Maguire
Hasseltia floribunda Kunth
Hecatostemon completus (Jacq.) Sleumer
Homalium guianense (Aubl.) Oken
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
SU
FG
FG
AM
BO
AM
BO
AM
DA
DA
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
AM
GU
DA
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
GU
GU
GU
GU?
GU
GU
FG
FG
AM
BO
DA
GU
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
FG?
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
302
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Homalium racemosum Jacq.
Laetia americana L.
Laetia coriacea Spruce ex Benth.
Laetia cupulata Spruce ex Benth.
Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler
Laetia suaveolens (Poepp.) Benth.
Lindackeria latifolia Benth.
Lindackeria paludosa (Benth.) Gilg
Lunania parviflora Spruce ex Benth.
Mayna grandifolia (H. Karst.) Warb.
Mayna odorata Aubl.
Neoptychocarpus apodanthus (Kuhlm.) Buchheim
Neoptychocarpus killipii (Monach.) Buchheim
Neosprucea paterna Alford, sp. nov. ined.
Prockia crucis P. Browne ex L. [expected in the Guianas]
Ryania angustifolia (Turcz.) Monach.
Ryania dentata (Kunth) Miq.
Ryania dentata var. dentata
Ryania pyrifera (Rich.) Uittien & Sleumer
Ryania speciosa Vahl
Ryania spruceana Monach.
Xylosma benthamii (Tul.) Triana & Planch.
Xylosma ciliatifolium (Clos) Eichler
Xylosma tessmannii Sleumer
Zuelania guidonia (Sw.) Britton & Millsp.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
BO
DA
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG?
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
FG?
FG
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Athenaea guianensis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. =Casearia guianensis
Azara umbellata C. Presl =Laetia americana
Banara glandulosa (Desv. ex Ham.) Speg. =Banara guianensis
Banara guianensis auct. non Aubl. 1775 =Banara nitida
Banara guianensis var. mollis (Poepp.) Eichler =Banara guianensis
Banara mollis (Poepp.) Tul. =Banara guianensis
Banara sacupanensis Aristeg. =Banara orinocensis
Carpotroche amazonica Mart. =Carpotroche grandiflora
Carpotroche amazonica auct. non Mart. 1871 =Mayna grandifolia (p.p.)
Carpotroche laxiflora (Benth.) Walp. =Lindackeria paludosa
Carpotroche paludosa (Benth.) Walp. =Lindackeria paludosa
Carpotroche zuliana Pittier =Mayna grandifolia
Casearia aculeata auct. non Jacq. 1760 =Casearia spinescens
Casearia arguta auct. non Kunth 1821 [1823], sensu Pittier et al. =Casearia mollis
Casearia arguta Kunth [not in flora area]
Casearia arguta auct. non Kunth 1821 [1823], sensu Steyerm. =Casearia guianensis
Casearia bracteifera Sagot =Casearia combaymensis
Casearia cambessedesii Eichler =Casearia ulmifolia
Casearia carpinifolia Benth. =Casearia sylvestris
Casearia celtidifolia Poepp. ex Eichler non Kunth 1823 =Casearia ulmifolia
Casearia celtidifolia Kunth =Casearia ulmifolia
Casearia cotticensis Uittien =Casearia ulmifolia
Casearia densiflora Benth. =Casearia commersoniana
Casearia dentata (Aubl.) Sessé & Moç. =Casearia commersoniana
Casearia guidonia (Sw.) Lundell non Benth. =Zuelania guidonia
Casearia inaequilatera auct. non Cambess. 1829 [1830] =Casearia sylvestris
Casearia laevigata Willd. ex Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Casearia zizyphoides
Casearia lasiophylla auct. non Eichler 1871 =Casearia mollis
Casearia laurifolia Benth. =Casearia commersoniana
Casearia lingua Cambess. =Casearia sylvestris
Casearia macrophylla Vahl =Casearia pitumba
Casearia mollis auct. non Kunth 1821 [1823] =Casearia hirsuta
Casearia negrensis auct. non Eichler 1871 =Laetia suaveolens
Casearia nitida Jacq. [not in flora area]
Casearia petraea Benth. =Casearia ulmifolia
Casearia singularis Eichler =Casearia combaymensis
Casearia spinescens auct. non (Sw.) Griesb. 1863, sensu Pittier et al. =Casearia guianensis
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Casearia sylvestris var. carpinifolia (Benth.) Briq. =Casearia sylvestris
Casearia sylvestris var. lingua (Cambess.) Eichler =Casearia sylvestris
Casearia sylvestris var. sylvestris =Casearia sylvestris
Casinga procera (Poepp.) Griseb. =Laetia procera
Casinga suaveolens (Poepp.) Griseb. ex Benth. =Laetia suaveolens
Chaetocrater javitensis (Kunth) Raf. =Casearia javitensis
Dendrostylis grandifolia H. Karst. =Mayna grandifolia
Flacourtia benthamii Tul. =Xylosma benthamii
Flacourtia nitida Benth. =Xylosma benthamii
Guidonia apetala (Jacq.) Kuntze =Laetia americana
Guidonia calophylla (Eichler) Kuntze =Laetia suaveolens
Guidonia coriacea (Spruce ex Benth.) Kuntze =Laetia coriacea
Guidonia cupulata (Spruce ex Benth.) Kuntze =Laetia cupulata
Guidonia hirsuta (Sw.) M. Gómez =Casearia hirsuta
Guidonia procera (Poepp.) Kuntze =Laetia procera
Guidonia spinescens (Sw.) Griseb. =Casearia spinescens
Guidonia suaveolens (Poepp.) Kuntze =Laetia suaveolens
Guidonia tremula (Griseb.) Maza =Casearia tremula
Guidonia ulmifolia (Vahl ex Vent.) Baill. =Casearia ulmifolia
Hecatostemon dasygynus S.F. Blake =Hecatostemon completus
Hecatostemon guazumifolius (Kunth) Sleumer =Hecatostemon completus
Hisingera benthamii (Tul.) Clos =Xylosma benthamii
Homalium anzoateguiense Steyerm. =Homalium racemosum
Homalium densiflorum Spruce ex Benth. =Homalium guianense
Homalium eleuthrostylum S.F. Blake =Homalium racemosum
Homalium eurypetalum S.F. Blake =Homalium racemosum
Homalium mituense Cuatrec. =Homalium racemosum
Homalium napimoga Spreng. =Homalium guianense
Homalium pedicellatum Spruce ex Benth. =Homalium racemosum
Homalium pittieri S.F. Blake =Homalium racemosum
Homalium puberulum Klotzsch =Homalium guianense
Homalium racoubea Sw. =Homalium guianense
Iroucana guianensis Aubl. =Casearia guianensis
Kuhlia mollis Poepp. =Banara guianensis
Laetia acuminata Bonpl. ex Triana & Planch. =Laetia americana
Laetia apetala Jacq. =Laetia americana
Laetia calophylla Eichler =Laetia suaveolens
Laetia casearioides Sagot ex Benth. =Laetia procera
Laetia completa Jacq. =Hecatostemon completus
Laetia guazumaefolia Kunth =Hecatostemon completus
Laetia guidonia Sw. =Zuelania guidonia
Laetia hirtella Kunth =Hecatostemon completus
Laetia obtusifolia Eichler ex Benoist [nomen nudum] =Laetia procera
Lindackeria latifolia auct. non Benth. 1851 =Lindackeria paludosa
Lindackeria maynensis var. laxiflora (Benth.) Mart. ex Pittier et al. =Lindackeria paludosa
Mayna denticulata Benth. =Mayna odorata
Mayna grandiflora (Spruce ex Benth.) R.E. Schult. =Carpotroche grandiflora
Mayna latifolia (Benth.) Benth. =Lindackeria latifolia
Mayna laxiflora Benth. =Lindackeria paludosa
Mayna paludosa Benth. =Lindackeria paludosa
Mayna zuliana (Pittier) A. Robyns =Mayna grandifolia
Myroxylon benthamii (Tul.) Kuntze =Xylosma benthamii
Napimoga guianensis Aubl. =Homalium guianense
Oncoba latifolia (Benth.) Eichler =Lindackeria latifolia
Oncoba maynensis var. laxiflora (Benth.) Eichler =Lindackeria paludosa
Patrisia acuminata (Spruce ex Eichler) Kuntze =Ryania angustifolia
Patrisia affinis Kunth =Ryania dentata
Patrisia bicolor DC. =Ryania speciosa
Patrisia dentata Kunth =Ryania dentata
Patrisia parviflora DC. =Ryania speciosa
Patrisia pyrifera Rich. =Ryania pyrifera
Patrisia speciosa (Vahl) Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Patrisia spruceana (Monach.) Lemée [not in flora area] =Ryania spruceana
Patrisia tomentosa (Miq.) M. Roem. =Ryania speciosa
303
304
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Piparea dentata Aubl. =Casearia commersoniana
Pitumba guianensis Aubl. =Casearia pitumba
Prockia orinocensis Cuatrec. =Banara orinocensis
Ptychocarpus apodanthus Kuhlm. =Neoptychocarpus apodanthus
Racoubea guianensis Aubl. =Homalium guianense
Ryania acuminata Spruce ex Eichler =Ryania angustifolia
Ryania bicolor (DC.) Eichler =Ryania speciosa
Ryania candollei Miq. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania casiquiarensis Steyerm. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania kunthii Miq. =Ryania dentata
Ryania mansoana auct. non Eichler 1871 =Ryania speciosa
Ryania parviflora (DC.) Griseb. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania pyrifera auct. non (Rich.) Uitten & Sleumer 1935, sensu J.F. Macbr. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania pyrifera var. subuliflora Sandwith =Ryania speciosa
Ryania pyrifera var. tomentosa (Miq.) Sleumer =Ryania speciosa
Ryania sagotiana Eichler =Ryania pyrifera
Ryania sagotina auct. non Eichler 1871 =Ryania dentata
Ryania speciosa var. bicolor (A. DC.) Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania speciosa var. minor Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania speciosa var. stipularis (Linden & Planch.) Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania speciosa var. subuliflora (Sandwith) Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania speciosa var. tomentosa (Miq.) Monach. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania stipularis auct. non Linden & Planch. 1863 =Ryania spruceana
Ryania stipularis Linden & Planch. =Ryania speciosa
Ryania tomentosa Miq. =Ryania speciosa
Samyda arborea Rich. =Casearia arborea
Samyda guidonia L. (Meliaceae) =Guarea guidonia
Samyda hirsuta (Sw.) Poir. =Casearia hirsuta
Samyda petiolaris Spruce ex Eichler =Laetia suaveolens
Samyda pitumba Poir. =Casearia pitumba
Samyda procera Poepp. =Laetia procera
Samyda silvestris (Sw.) Poir. =Casearia sylvestris
Samyda spinescens Sw. =Casearia spinescens
Samyda suaveolens Poepp. =Laetia suaveolens
Tetracoryne angustifolia Turcz. =Ryania angustifolia
Xyladenius gladulosus Desv. ex Ham. =Banara guianensis
Xylosma nitidum (Hell.) A. Gray ex Griseb. [not in flora area]
Xylosma pallidifolium Sleumer ex Steyerm. & O. Huber =Xylosma benthamii
Zuelania tremula Griseb. =Casearia tremula
REFERENCES
Mori, S.A. & B. Fischer. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell, eds.
2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2): 319328.
Olson, M., P.E. Berry, & G.A. Aymard C. 1999. Flacourtiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst,
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 434-474.
Sleumer, H.O. 1980. Flacourtiaceae. Flora Neotropica Monogr. 22: 1-499.
Uittien, H. & H.O. Sleumer, 1935. Flacourtiaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 282-303.
GENTIANACEAE
V.A. Albert, M.J. Jansen-Jacobs, P.J.M. Maas, O. Pihlar, L.Struwe
Adenolisianthus arboreus (Spruce ex Progel) Gilg
Celiantha bella Maguire & Steyerm.
Celiantha chimantensis (Steyerm. & Maguire) Maguire
Celiantha imthurniana (Oliv.) Maguire [Mt. Roraima]
Chelonanthus alatus (Aubl.) Pulle
Chelonanthus albus (Spruce ex Progel) V.M. Badillo
Chelonanthus angustifolius (Kunth) Gilg
Chelonanthus longistylus (J.G.M. Pers. & Maas) Struwe & V.A. Albert
Chelonanthus purpurascens (Aubl.) Struwe, S. Nilsson & V.A. Albert
Chelonanthus schomburgkii (Griseb.) Gilg
Chelonanthus viridiflorus (Mart.) Gilg
Chorisepalum carnosum Ewan
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Chorisepalum ovatum Gleason
Chorisepalum psychotrioides Ewan
Chorisepalum rotundifolium Ewan
Chorisepalum sipapoanum (Maguire) Struwe & V.A. Albert
Coutoubea humilis Sandwith
Coutoubea minor Kunth
Coutoubea ramosa Aubl.
Coutoubea reflexa Benth.
Coutoubea spicata Aubl.
Curtia conferta (Mart.) Knobl.
Curtia obtusifolia (Benth.) Knobl.
Curtia tenuifolia (Aubl.) Knobl.
Enicostema verticillatum (L.) Engl. ex Gilg
Irlbachia cardonae (Gleason) Maguire
Irlbachia nemorosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Merr.
Irlbachia phelpsiana Maguire
Irlbachia plantaginifolia Maguire
Irlbachia poeppigii (Griseb.) L. Cobb & Maas
Irlbachia pratensis (Kunth) L. Cobb & Maas
Irlbachia pumila (Benth.) Maguire
Irlbachia tatei (Gleason) Maguire
Macrocarpaea autanae Weaver
Macrocarpaea ayangannae J.R. Grant, Struwe & J.K. Boggan [Mt.
Ayanganna]
Macrocarpaea marahuacae Struwe & V.A. Albert
Macrocarpaea neblinae Maguire & Steyerm.
Macrocarpaea piresii Maguire
Macrocarpaea rugosa Steyerm.
Neblinantha neblinae Maguire
Neblinantha parvifolia Maguire
Neurotheca loeselioides (Spruce ex Progel) Baill.
Neurotheca loeselioides subsp. loeselioides
Potalia amara Aubl.
Potalia elegans Struwe & V.A. Albert
Potalia maguireorum Struwe & V.A. Albert
Potalia resinifera Mart.
Rogersonanthus arboreus (Britton) Maguire & B.M. Boom
Rogersonanthus coccineus Steyerm. ex Struwe, S. Nilsson & V.A. Albert
Rogersonanthus quelchii (N.E. Br.) Maguire & B.M. Boom
Saccifolium bandeirae Maguire & Pires
Schultesia benthamiana Klotzsch ex Griseb.
Schultesia brachyptera Cham.
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.) Malme
Schultesia pohliana Progel
Schultesia subcrenata Klotzsch ex Griseb.
Sipapoantha ostrina Maguire & B.M. Boom
Symbolanthus argyreus (Maguire) Struwe & K. Gould
Symbolanthus aureus Struwe & V.A. Albert
Symbolanthus camanensis Maguire & B.M. Boom
Symbolanthus elisabethae (M.R. Schomb.) Gilg
Symbolanthus huachamacariensis Steyerm.
Symbolanthus rosmarinifolius Struwe & V.A. Albert
Symbolanthus sessilis Steyerm. & Maguire
Symbolanthus yaviensis Steyerm.
Tachia gracilis Benth.
Tachia grandiflora Maguire & Weaver
Tachia grandifolia Maguire & Weaver
Tachia grandifolia var. grandifolia
Tachia grandifolia var. orientalis Maguire & Weaver
Tachia guianensis Aubl.
Tachia longipes L. Cobb & Maas
Tachia schomburgkiana Benth.
Tachia smithii Maguire & Weaver
Tapeinostemon breweri Steyerm. & Maguire
AM
305
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
AM
SU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
GU
GU
GU
FG
BO
GU
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
BO
GU
FG
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
GU
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
306
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tapeinostemon jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire
Tapeinostemon longiflorum Maguire & Steyerm.
Tapeinostemon longiflorum var. australe Maguire & Steyerm. [Sierra de la
Neblina]
Tapeinostemon longiflorum var. longiflorum [Sierra de la Neblina]
Tapeinostemon rugosum Maguire & Steyerm. [Macizo del Chimantá]
Tapeinostemon sessiliflorum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) Pruski & S.F. Sm.
Tapeinostemon spenneroides Benth.
Tetrapollinia caerulescens (Aubl.) Maguire & B.M. Boom
Voyria acuminata Benth.
Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers.
Voyria aurantiaca Splitg.
Voyria caerulea Aubl.
Voyria chionea Benth.
Voyria clavata Splitg.
Voyria corymbosa Splitg.
Voyria corymbosa subsp. alba (Standl.) Ruyters & Maas
Voyria corymbosa subsp. corymbosa
Voyria flavescens Griseb.
Voyria pittieri (Standl.) L.O. Williams
Voyria rosea Aubl.
Voyria spruceana Benth.
Voyria tenella Hook.
Voyria tenuiflora Griseb.
Voyriella parviflora (Miq.) Miq.
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
DA
DA
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Adenolisianthus virgatus (Progel) Gilg =Chelonanthus alatus
Apophragma tenuifolium (Aubl.) Griseb. =Curtia tenuifolia
Brachycodon pumilus (Benth.) Progel =Irlbachia pumila
Brachycodon ramosissimus (Benth.) Progel =Irlbachia poeppigii
Calolisianthus imthurnianus (Oliv.) Gleason =Celiantha imthurniana
Calolisianthus tatei Gleason =Irlbachia tatei
Calolisianthus tepuiensis Gleason =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Chelonanthus acutangulus (Ruiz & Pav.) Gilg =Chelonanthus alatus
Chelonanthus arboreus Britton =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Chelonanthus bifidus (Kunth) Gilg =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Chelonanthus campanuloides (Spruce ex Benth.) Gilg =Irlbachia pratensis
Chelonanthus cardonae Gleason =Irlbachia cardonae
Chelonanthus chelonoides (L. f.) Gilg =Chelonanthus alatus
Chelonanthus fruticosus Maguire & B.M. Boom =Adenolisianthus arboreus
Chelonanthus pyriformis Gleason =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Chelonanthus uliginosus (Griseb.) Gilg =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Chorisepalum acuminatum Steyerm. =Chorisepalum psychotrioides
Chorisepalum breweri Steyerm. & Maguire =Chorisepalum ovatum
Chorisepalum ovatum var. sipapoanum Maguire =Chorisepalum sipapoanum
Chorisepalum psychotrioides var. acuminatum (Steyerm.) Maguire =Chorisepalum psychotrioides
Claytonia nemorosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Coutoubea racemosa G. Mey. =Coutoubea ramosa
Coutoubea ramosa var. longifolia Benth. =Coutoubea ramosa
Coutoubea ramosa f. racemosa (G. Mey.) Jonker =Coutoubea ramosa
Coutoubea ramosa var. racemosa (G. Mey.) Benth. =Coutoubea ramosa
Curtia quadrifolia Maguire =Curtia conferta
Curtia tenella (Mart.) Cham. =Curtia tenuifolia
Curtia tenuifolia subsp. tenella (Mart.) Grothe & Maas =Curtia tenuifolia
Ditomaga nemorosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Raf. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Exacum guianense Aubl. =Schultesia guianensis
Exacum racemosum (G. Mey.) Roem. & Schult. =Coutoubea ramosa
Exacum spicatum (Aubl.) Vahl =Coutoubea spicata
Exacum tenuifolium Aubl. =Curtia tenuifolia
Gentiana aphylla Jacq. =Voyria aphylla
Gentiana verticillata L. =Enicostema verticillatum
Helia acutangula (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus alatus
Helia alata (Aubl.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus alatus
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Helia alba (Spruce ex Progel) Kuntze =Chelonanthus albus
Helia angustifolia (Kunth) Kuntze =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Helia arborea (Spruce ex Progel) Kuntze =Adenolisianthus arboreus
Helia bifida (Kunth) Kuntze =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Helia caerulescens (Aubl.) Kuntze =Tetrapollinia caerulescens
Helia campanuloides (Spruce ex Benth.) Kuntze =Irlbachia pratensis
Helia chelonoides (L. f.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus alatus
Helia elisabethae (M.R. Schomb.) Kuntze =Symbolanthus elisabethae
Helia nemorosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze =Irlbachia nemorosa
Helia pratensis (Kunth) Kuntze =Irlbachia pratensis
Helia pumila (Benth.) Kuntze =Irlbachia pumila
Helia purpurascens (Aubl.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Helia ramosissima (Benth.) Kuntze =Irlbachia poeppigii
Helia schomburgkii (Griseb.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus schomburgkii
Helia trifidus (Kunth) Kuntze =Chelonanthus alatus
Helia uliginosa (Griseb.) Kuntze =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Irlbachia alata (Aubl.) Maas =Chelonanthus alatus
Irlbachia alata subsp. alata =Chelonanthus alatus
Irlbachia alata subsp. alba (Spruce ex Progel) J.G.M. Pers. & Maas =Chelonanthus albus
Irlbachia alata subsp. angustifolia (Kunth) J.G.M. Pers. & Maas =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Irlbachia alata subsp. arborea (Spruce ex Progel) J.G.M. Pers. & Maas =Adenolisianthus arboreus
Irlbachia alata subsp. longistyla J.G.M. Pers. & Maas =Chelonanthus longistylus
Irlbachia alata subsp. viridiflora (Mart.) J.G.M. Pers. & Maas =Chelonanthus viridiflorus
Irlbachia bonplandiana Fenzl =Irlbachia nemorosa
Irlbachia caerulescens (Aubl.) Griseb. =Tetrapollinia caerulescens
Irlbachia paruana Maguire =Irlbachia cardonae
Irlbachia purpurascens (Aubl.) Maas =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Irlbachia quelchii (N.E. Br.) Maas =Rogersonanthus quelchii
Irlbachia ramosissima (Benth.) Maguire =Irlbachia poeppigii
Irlbachia recurva (Benth.) Progel =Irlbachia nemorosa
Irlbachia subcordata (Benth.) Progel =Irlbachia nemorosa
Leiothamnus elisabethae M.R. Schomb. =Symbolanthus elisabethae
Leiphaimos alba Standl. =Voyria corymbosa subsp. alba
Leiphaimos aphylla (Jacq.) Gilg =Voyria aphylla
Leiphaimos aurantiaca (Splitg.) Miq. =Voyria aurantiaca
Leiphaimos calycina (Splitg. ex A. DC.) Miq. =Voyria caerulea
Leiphaimos chionea (Benth.) Gilg =Voyria chionea
Leiphaimos flavescens (Griseb.) Gilg =Voyria flavescens
Leiphaimos leucantha (Miq.) Gilg =Voyria tenuiflora
Leiphaimos montana Jonker =Voyria corymbosa subsp. alba
Leiphaimos obconica auct., non (Progel) Gilg =Voyria tenella
Leiphaimos pittieri Standl. =Voyria pittieri
Leiphaimos spruceana (Benth.) Gilg =Voyria spruceana
Leiphaimos tenella (Hook.) Miq. =Voyria tenella
Leiphaimos tenuiflora (Griseb.) Miq. =Voyria tenuiflora
Lisianthus acutangulus Ruiz & Pav. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus acutilobus Steyerm. =Irlbachia cardonae
Lisianthus alatus Aubl. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus albus Spruce ex Progel =Chelonanthus albus
Lisianthus angustifolius Kunth =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Lisianthus arboreus Spruce ex Progel =Adenolisianthus arboreus
Lisianthus bifidus Kunth =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Lisianthus caerulescens Aubl. =Tetrapollinia caerulescens
Lisianthus campanuloides Spruce ex Benth. =Irlbachia pratensis
Lisianthus cardonae (Gleason) Steyerm. =Irlbachia cardonae
Lisianthus chelonoides L. f. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Celiantha chimantensis
Lisianthus elisabethae (M.R. Schomb.) Griseb. =Symbolanthus elisabethae
Lisianthus fistulosus Poir. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus grandiflorus Aubl. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus imthurnianus Oliv. =Celiantha imthurniana
Lisianthus jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire =Irlbachia tatei
Lisianthus pratensis Kunth =Irlbachia pratensis
Lisianthus pumilus Benth. =Irlbachia pumila
307
308
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Lisianthus purpurascens Aubl. =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Lisianthus pyriformis (Gleason) Steyerm. =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Lisianthus quelchii N.E. Br. =Rogersonanthus quelchii
Lisianthus ramosissimus Benth. =Irlbachia poeppigii
Lisianthus recurvus Benth. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Lisianthus scabridulus Steyerm. =Irlbachia tatei
Lisianthus schomburgkii Griseb. =Chelonanthus schomburgkii
Lisianthus subcordatus Benth. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Lisianthus tatei (Gleason) Steyerm. =Irlbachia tatei
Lisianthus trifidus Kunth =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisianthus uliginosus Griseb. =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Lisianthus virgatus Progel =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisyanthus alatus Aubl. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisyanthus angustifolius (Kunth) Griseb. =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Lisyanthus bifidus (Kunth) Griseb. =Chelonanthus angustifolius
Lisyanthus caerulescens Aubl. =Tetrapollinia caerulescens
Lisyanthus purpurascens Aubl. =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Lisyanthus trifidus (Kunth) Griseb. =Chelonanthus alatus
Lisyanthus uliginosus Griseb. =Chelonanthus purpurascens
Macrocarpaea arborea (Britton) Ewan =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Macrocarpaea cerronis Ewan =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Macrocarpaea quelchii (N.E. Br.) Ewan =Rogersonanthus quelchii
Macrocarpaea salicifolia Ewan =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Macrocarpaea tepuiensis (Gleason) Steyerm. =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Octopleura loeselioides Spruce ex Progel =Neurotheca loeselioides
Pagaea nemorosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Gilg =Irlbachia nemorosa
Pagaea poeppigii Griseb. =Irlbachia poeppigii
Pagaea pumila (Benth.) Gilg =Irlbachia pumila
Pagaea ramosissima (Benth.) Ewan =Irlbachia poeppigii
Pagaea recurva (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Pagaea subcordata (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. =Irlbachia nemorosa
Rogersonanthus tepuiensis (Gleason) Maguire & B.M. Boom =Rogersonanthus arboreus
Schuebleria conferta Mart. =Curtia conferta
Schuebleria obtusifolia Benth. =Curtia obtusifolia
Schuebleria tenella Mart. =Curtia tenuifolia
Schuebleria tenuifolia (Aubl.) G. Don =Curtia tenuifolia
Schultesia brachyptera f. heterophylla (Miq.) Jonker =Schultesia brachyptera
Schultesia heterophylla Miq. =Schultesia brachyptera
Schultesia schomburgkiana Progel =Schultesia benthamiana
Stahelia spenneroides (Benth.) Jonker =Tapeinostemon spenneroides
Stahelia surinamensis Jonker =Tapeinostemon spenneroides
Symbolanthus aracamuniensis Steyerm. =Symbolanthus argyreus
Symbolanthus calygonus (Ruiz & Pav.) Griseb. [s.l.] =Symbolanthus elisabethae
Symbolanthus elisabethae subsp. occidentalis Maguire & B.M. Boom =Symbolanthus huachamacariensis
Symbolanthus quelchii (N.E. Br.) Gleason =Rogersonanthus quelchii
Symbolanthus yutajensis Maguire & B.M. Boom =Symbolanthus yaviensis
Tapeinostemon borrerioides Benth. ex Knobl. [nomen nudum] =Tapeinostemon sessiliflorum
Tapeinostemon capitatum Benth. =Tapeinostemon sessiliflorum
Tapeinostemon ptariense Steyerm. =Tapeinostemon spenneroides
Tapeinostemon surinamensis (Jonker) Steyerm. =Tapeinostemon spenneroides
Voyria araguensis H. Karst. =Voyria aphylla
Voyria parviflora Miq. =Voyriella parviflora
Voyriella oxycarpha Sandwith =Voyriella parviflora
Wurdackanthus argyreus Maguire =Symbolanthus argyreus
REFERENCES
Grothe, E., and P.J.M. Maas. 1984. A scanning electron microscopy study of the seed coat structure of Curtia Chamisso and
Schlechtendahl and Hockinia Gardner (Gentianaceae). Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen.
Series C. 87: 33–42.
Jonker, F.P. 1936. Gentianaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 4(1): 400-427.
Kuntze, C.E.O. 1891. Revisio Generum Plantarum par. 2. Leipzig.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. & P.W. Leenhouts. 1980. Taxonomy. Pages 8–96 in: Engler and Prantl’s Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien,
Angiospermae: Ordnung Gentianales, Fam. Loganiaceae. Vol. 28b (1). Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., ed. Duncker and Humblot,
Berlin
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
309
Maas-van de Kamer, H. & P. Maas. 2002. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 328-334.
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Nomenclatural notes on neotropical Lisyantheae. Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. (ser. c) 88(4): 405-412.
Maas, P.J.M., S. Nilsson, A.M.C. Hollants, B.J.H. ter Welle, H. Persoon, & E.C.H. van Heusden. 1984. Systematic studies in
neotropical Gentianaceae - the Lisianthus complex. Acta Bot. Neerl. 32: 371-374.
Maas, P.J.M. & P. Ruyters. 1986. Voyria and Voyriella (Saprophytic Gentianaceae). Flora Neotropica Monogr. 41: 1-93.
Machado, I.C.S., I. Sazima, and M. Sazima. 1998. Bat pollination of the terrestrial herb Irlbachia alata (Gentianaceae) in
northeastern Brazil. Plant Systematics and Evolution 209: 231–237.
Maguire, B. 1981. Gentianaceae. In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part 11. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard.
32: 1-391.
Maguire, B. & B.M. Boom. 1989. Gentianaceae (part 3). In B. Maguire & collaborators, Botany of the Guayana Highland part
13. Memoirs of the New York Bot. Garden 51: 1-127.
Pringle, J.S. 1995. Gentianaceae. Pages 1–131 in: Flora of Ecuador. Vol. 53. G. Harling and L. Andersson, eds. Department of
Systematic Botany, Göteborg University, Göteborg.
Struwe, L., and V.A. Albert. 1998. Lisianthius (Gentianaceae), its probable homonym Lisyanthus, and the priority of Helia over
Irlbachia as its substitute. Harvard Papers in Botany 3: 63–71.
Struwe, L., V.A. Albert, and B. Bremer. 1994 (1995). Cladistics and family level classification of the Gentianales. Cladistics 10:
175–206.
Struwe, L., P.J.M. Maas, and V.A. Albert. 1997. Aripuana cullmaniorum, a new genus and species of Gentianaceae from whitesands of southeastern Amazonas, Brazil. Harvard Papers of Botany 2: 235–253.
Struwe, L., P.J.M. Maas, O. Pihlar, & V.A. Albert. 1999. Gentianaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K.
Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 474-542.
Struwe, L., M. Thiv, J. W. Kadereit, A. S-R. Pepper, T.J. Motley, P.J. White, J.H.E. Rova, K. Potgieter, & V.A. Albert. 1998.
Saccifolium (Saccifoliaceae), an endemic of Sierra de la Neblina on the Brazilian-Venezuelan frontier, is related to a temperatealpine lineage of Gentianaceae. Harvard Papers in Botany 3: 199–214.
GESNERIACEAE
C. Feuillet, L.E. Skog, J.A. Steyermark†
Alloplectus cristatus (L.) Mart.
Alloplectus cristatus var. epirotes Leeuwenb.
Alloplectus savannarum C.V. Morton
Besleria flavovirens Nees & Mart.
Besleria gibbosa (Poepp.) Hanst.
Besleria insolita C.V. Morton
Besleria laxiflora Benth.
Besleria parviflora L.E. Skog & Steyerm.
Besleria patrisii DC.
Besleria penduliflora Fritsch
Besleria saxicola C.V. Morton
Besleria sp. A
Besleria sp. B
Besleria sp. C
Chrysothemis dichroa Leeuwenb.
Chrysothemis pulchella (Donn ex Sims) Decne.
Chrysothemis rupestris (Benth.) Leeuwenb.
Chrysothemis villosa (Benth.) Leeuwenb.
Codonanthe calcarata (Miq.) Hanst.
Codonanthe crassifolia (H. Focke) C.V. Morton
Codonanthopsis dissimulata (H.E. Moore) Wiehler
Codonanthopsis ulei Mansf.
Columnea calotricha Donn. Sm.
Columnea guianensis C.V. Morton
Columnea microsepala (C.V. Morton) Kvist & L.E. Skog
Columnea oerstediana Klotzsch ex Oerst.
Columnea sanguinea (Pers.) Hanst.
Corytoplectus congestus (Linden ex Hanst.) Wiehler
Corytoplectus deltoideus (C.V. Morton) Wiehler
Cremersia platula Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Diastema racemiferum Benth.
Drymonia antherocycla Leeuwenb.
Drymonia coccinea (Aubl.) Wiehler
Drymonia psilocalyx Leeuwenb.
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
DA
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU?
BO
GU
FG
AM
AM
BO
GU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
310
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.
Episcia fimbriata Fritsch
Episcia reptans Mart.
Episcia sp. A
Episcia sp. B
Episcia sphalera Leeuwenb.
Episcia xantha Leeuwenb.
Gloxinia perennis (L.) Fritsch [cultivated or escaped from cultivation]
Gloxinia purpurascens (Rusby) Wiehler
Koellikeria erinoides (DC.) Mansf.
Kohleria hirsuta (Kunth) Regel
Lampadaria rupestris Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Lembocarpus amoenus Leeuwenb.
Napeanthus angustifolius Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Napeanthus jelskii Fritsch FG
Napeanthus macrostoma Leeuwenb.
Napeanthus rupicola Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Nautilocalyx adenosiphon (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Nautilocalyx arenarius L.E. Skog & Steyerm.
Nautilocalyx bryogeton (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Nautilocalyx cataractarum Wiehler
Nautilocalyx chimantensis L.E. Skog & Steyerm.
Nautilocalyx coccineus Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Nautilocalyx cordatus (Gleason) L.E. Skog
Nautilocalyx fasciculatus L.E. Skog & Steyerm.
Nautilocalyx kohlerioides (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Nautilocalyx maguirei L.E. Skog & Steyerm.
Nautilocalyx mimuloides (Benth.) C.V. Morton
Nautilocalyx pallidus (Sprague) Sprague
Nautilocalyx pemphidius L.E. Skog
Nautilocalyx pictus (Hook.) Sprague
Nautilocalyx porphyrotrichus (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Nautilocalyx punctatus Wiehler
Nautilocalyx resioides (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Nautilocalyx sp. A
Nautilocalyx sp. B
Nautilocalyx sp. C
Nautilocalyx sp. D
Nautilocalyx sp. E
Nautilocalyx sp. F
Nautilocalyx sp. G
Nautilocalyx villosus (Kunth & Bouché) Sprague
Paradrymonia anisophylla Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Paradrymonia barbata Feuillet & L.E. Skog
Paradrymonia campostyla (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia densa (C.H. Wright) Wiehler
Paradrymonia longifolia (Poepp.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia maculata (Hook. f.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia metamorphophylla (J.D. Sm.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia sp. A
Paradrymonia sp. B
Paradrymonia sp. C
Paradrymonia sp. D
Paradrymonia sp. E
Rhoogeton cyclophyllus Leeuwenb.
Rhoogeton viviparus Leeuwenb.
Sinningia elatior (Kunth) Chautems
Sinningia incarnata (Aubl.) D.L. Denham
Sinningia schomburgkiana (Kunth & Bouché) Chautems
Tylopsacas cuneatum (Gleason) Leeuwenb.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
DA
GU
SU
FG
GU
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
SU
FG
FG
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
BO
FG
AM
GU
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
GU
GU
GU
FG
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
GU
SU?
FG?
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
SU
FG
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
AM
AM
BO
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Achimenes erinoides DC. =Koellikeria erinoides
Alloplectus calotrichus (J.D. Sm.) Stearn =Columnea calotricha
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Alloplectus circinatus Mart. =Drymonia coccinea
Alloplectus coccineus (Aubl.) Mart. =Drymonia coccinea
Alloplectus congestus Linden ex Hanst. =Corytoplectus congestus
Alloplectus deltoideus C.V. Morton =Corytoplectus deltoideus
Alloplectus meridensis Klotzsch ex Hanst. [not in flora area]
Alloplectus metamorphophyllus J.D. Sm. =Paradrymonia metamorphophylla
Alloplectus microsepalus C.V. Morton =Columnea microsepala
Alloplectus pallidus Sprague =Nautilocalyx pallidus
Alloplectus patrisii DC. =Drymonia coccinea
Besleria bivalvis L. f. (Mendonciaceae) =Mendoncia bivalvis
Besleria bivalvis L. f. (Mendonciaceae) =Mendoncia bivalvis
Besleria coccinea Aubl. =Drymonia coccinea
Besleria incarnata Aubl. =Sinningia incarnata
Besleria lutea L. [not in flora area]
Besleria maasii Wiehler =Besleria patrisii
Besleria pulchella Donn ex Sims =Chrysothemis pulchella
Besleria sanguinea Pers. =Columnea sanguinea
Besleria serrulata Jacq. =Drymonia serrulata
Besleria spectabilis Kunth =Drymonia serrulata
Besleria verecunda C.V. Morton =Besleria patrisii
Besleria violacea Aubl. (Bignoniaceae) =Schlegelia violacea
Brachyloma rhodomallos (Hanst.) Hanst. =Kohleria hirsuta
Centrosolenia densa (C.H. Wright) Sprague =Paradrymonia densa
Centrosolenia hirsuta Benth. =Nautilocalyx cordatus
Codonanthe bipartita L.B. Sm. =Codonanthe calcarata
Codonanthe carnosa Hanst. [not in flora area]
Codonanthe confusa Sandwith =Codonanthe crassifolia
Codonanthe dissimulata H.E. Moore =Codonanthopsis dissimulata
Codonanthe ulei (Mansf.) H.E. Moore =Codonanthopsis ulei
Codonanthopsis ulei Fritsch [not in flora area]
Columnea affinis C.V. Morton =Columnea sanguinea
Columnea aureonitens Hook. =Columnea sanguinea
Columnea calotricha var. austroamericana C.V. Morton =Alloplectus savannarum
Columnea coccinea (Aubl.) Kuntze =Drymonia coccinea
Columnea scandens L. [not in flora area]
Columnea steyermarkii C.V. Morton =Alloplectus savannarum
Crantzia patrisii (DC.) Fritsch =Drymonia coccinea
Dalbergaria aureonitens (Hook.) Wiehler =Columnea sanguinea
Dalbergaria sanguinea (Pers.) Steud. =Columnea sanguinea
Drymonia calcarata Mart. =Drymonia serrulata
Drymonia campostyla Leeuwenb. =Paradrymonia campostyla
Drymonia cristata Miq. =Drymonia serrulata
Drymonia sarmentosula Lem. =Drymonia serrulata
Drymonia turrialvae Hanst. [not in flora area]
Episcia adenosiphon Leeuwenb. =Nautilocalyx adenosiphon
Episcia bryogeton Leeuwenb. =Nautilocalyx bryogeton
Episcia ciliosa (Mart.) Hanst. =Paradrymonia ciliosa
Episcia cordata Gleason =Nautilocalyx cordatus
Episcia cuneata Gleason =Tylopsacas cuneatum
Episcia densa C.H. Wright =Paradrymonia densa
Episcia hirsuta (Benth.) Hanst. =Nautilocalyx cordatus
Episcia maculata Hook. f. =Paradrymonia maculata
Episcia mimuloides Benth. =Nautilocalyx mimuloides
Episcia porphyrotricha Leeuwenb. =Nautilocalyx porphyrotrichus
Episcia resioides Leeuwenb. =Nautilocalyx resioides
Gesneria caracasana Otto & Dietr. =Sinningia incarnata
Gesneria elatior Kunth =Sinningia elatior
Gesneria gollmeriana Hanst. =Sinningia incarnata
Gesneria hirsuta Kunth =Kohleria hirsuta
Gesneria lindeniana Brongn. =Sinningia incarnata
Gesneria rubricaulis Kunth & Bouché =Kohleria hirsuta
Gesneria schomburgkiana Kunth & Bouché =Sinningia schomburgkiana
Gesneria vargasii DC. =Sinningia incarnata
Gloxinia trichantha Miq. =Gloxinia perennis
311
312
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Hypocyrta crassifolia H. Focke =Codonanthe crassifolia
Hypocyrta gibbosa Poepp. =Besleria gibbosa
Isoloma pycnosuzygium Donn. Sm. =Kohleria hirsuta
Kohleria longipedunculata Hanst. =Kohleria hirsuta
Kohleria pycnosuzygium (Donn. Sm.) V.M. Badillo =Kohleria hirsuta
Kohleria rhodomallos (Hanst.) Hanst. =Kohleria hirsuta
Kohleria rubricaulis (Kunth & Bouché) Hassk. =Kohleria hirsuta
Nautilocalyx lacteus Sandwith =Nautilocalyx pictus
Nematanthus calcaratus Miq. =Codonanthe calcarata
Pentadenia microsepala (C.V. Morton) Wiehler =Columnea microsepala
Rechsteineria caracasana (Otto & Dietr.) Kuntze =Sinningia incarnata
Rechsteineria gollmeriana (Hanst.) Kuntze =Sinningia incarnata
Rechsteineria incarnata (Aubl.) Leeuwenb. =Sinningia incarnata
Rechsteineria schomburgkiana (Kunth & Bouché) Leeuwenb. =Sinningia schomburgkiana
Rhoogeton leeuwenbergianus C.V. Morton =Rhoogeton viviparus
Tussacia pulchella (Donn ex Sims) Rchb. ex Walp. =Chrysothemis pulchella
Tussacia rupestris Benth. =Chrysothemis rupestris
Tylosperma cuneatum (Gleason) Leeuwenb. =Tylopsacas cuneatum
REFERENCES
Feuillet, C. & L.E. Skog. 2002. Gesneriaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 76 (2): 334-344.
Feuillet, C. & L.E. Skog. 2002 (2003). Novae Gesneriaceae Neotropicarum XI. New genera and species from the Guianas.
Brittonia 54 (4): 344-351.
Feuillet, C. & L.E. Skog. 2002 (2003). Novae Gesneriaceae Neotropicarum XII. New species of Gesneriaceae from the Guianas.
Brittonia 54 (4): 352-361.
Feuillet, C. & J.A. Steyermark. 1999. Gesneriaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 5: 542-573.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 1958. The Gesneriaceae of Guiana. Acta Bot. Neerl. 7: 291-444.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 1984. Gesneriaceae. In A.L. Stoffers & J.C. Lindeman, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 592-650.
Morton, C.V. 1939. A revision of Besleria. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 26: 395-474.
Wiehler, H.J. 1978. The genera Episcia, Alsobia, Nautilocalyx, and Paradrymonia. Selbyana 5: 11-60.
HALORAGACEAE
L.J. Raechal
Laurembergia tetrandra (Schott ex Spreng.) Kanitz
Laurembergia tetrandra subsp. tetrandra [expected in the Guianas]
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.
BO
GU?
FG?
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Haloragis tetrandra Schott ex Spreng. =Laurembergia tetrandra
Myriophyllum proserpinacoides Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. =Myriophyllum aquaticum
REFERENCES
Orchard, A.E. 1981. A revision of South American Myriophyllum, and its repercussions on some Australian and North American
species. Brunonia 4: 27-65.
Raechal, L.J. 1999. Haloragaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
5: 581-582.
HERNANDIACEAE
P.E. Berry, J.S. Miller
Hernandia guianensis Aubl.
Sparattanthelium aruakorum Tutin
Sparattanthelium guianense Sandwith
Sparattanthelium tupiniquinorum Mart.
Sparattanthelium uncigerum (Meisn.) Kubitzki
Sparattanthelium wonotoboense Kosterm.
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Hernandia sonora Kosterm. =Hernandia guianensis
Hernandia sonora L. [not in flora area - Asian]
BO
DA
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
SU
SU
SU
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
313
Sparattanthelium botocudorum Mart. [not in flora area]
Sparattanthelium botocudorum var. uncigerum Meisn. =Sparattanthelium uncigerum
Sparattanthelium macusiorum A.C. Sm. =Sparattanthelium wonotoboense
Sparattanthelium melinonis Baill. ex Lemée [nomen nudum] =Sparattanthelium uncigerum
REFERENCES
Kostermans, A.J.G.H. 1937. Hernandiaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 2(1): 338-344.
Kubitzki, K.U. 1969. Monographie der Hernandiaceen. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 89: 78-205.
Kubitzki, K.U. 1976. Hernandiaceae (additions and corrections). In J. Lanjouw & A.L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 2(2): 485486.
Kubitzki, K.U. 1982. Hernandiaceae. In Z. Luces de Febres, Flore de Venezuela 4(2): 317-324.
Miller, J.S. & P.E. Berry. 1999. Hernandiaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of the
Venezuelan Guayana 5: 592-593.
Mori, S.A. & J.L. Brown. 2002. Hernandiaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, &
J.D. Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot.
Gard. 76 (2): 344-347.
HIPPOCRATEACEAE
A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, J.P. Hedin, A.M.W. Mennega†
Anthodon decussatum Ruiz & Pav.
Cheiloclinium anomalum Miers
Cheiloclinium belizense (Standl.) A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium habropodum A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides (Peyr.) A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium klugii A.C. Sm.
Cheiloclinium obtusum A.C. Sm.
Cuervea kappleriana (Miq.) A.C. Sm.
Elachyptera floribunda (Benth.) A.C. Sm.
Hippocratea volubilis L.
Hylenaea comosa (Sw.) Miers
Hylenaea praecelsa (Miers) A.C. Sm. [expected in the Guianas]
Hylenaea unguiculata Mennega
Peritassa compta Miers
Peritassa dulcis (Benth.) Miers
Peritassa huanucana (Loes.) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa laevigata (Hoffmanns. ex Link) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa peruviana (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa pruinosa (Seem.) A.C. Sm.
Prionostemma aspera (Lam.) Miers
Pristimera caudata Mennega
Pristimera holdeniana (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.
Pristimera nervosa (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Pristimera tenuiflora (Mart. ex Peyr.) A.C. Sm.
Pristimera verrucosa (Kunth) Miers
Salacia amplectens A.C. Sm.
Salacia cordata (Miers) Mennega
Salacia duckei A.C. Sm.
Salacia elliptica (Mart. ex Schult.) G. Don
Salacia gigantea Loes.
Salacia impressifolia (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Salacia insignis A.C. Sm.
Salacia juruana Loes.
Salacia kanukuensis A.C. Sm.
Salacia maburensis Mennega
Salacia macrantha A.C. Sm.
Salacia miqueliana Loes.
Salacia multiflora (Lam.) DC.
Salacia multiflora subsp. mucronata (Rusby) Mennega
Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia opacifolia (J.F. Macbr.) A.C. Sm.
Salacia pachyphylla (Miers) Peyr.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
AM
AM
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
GU
SU
FG
DA
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
DA
GU
GU
DA
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
AM
AM
AM
BO
GU
BO
GU
AM
AM
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG?
SU
SU
FG
SU
SU
FG
FG
SU
SU
SU?
SU
FG
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG?
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
BO
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
314
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Tontelea attenuata Miers
Tontelea coriacea A.C. Sm.
Tontelea corymbosa (Huber) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea cylindrocarpa (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea glabra A.C. Sm.
Tontelea laxiflora (Benth.) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea mauritioides (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea nectandrifolia (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea ovalifolia (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. ovalifolia
Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. richardii (Peyr.) Görts & Mennega
Tontelea sandwithii A.C. Sm.
AM
GU
GU
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
AM
AM
BO
BO
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Amphizoma laxiflora (Benth.) Miers =Tontelea laxiflora
Anthodon grandiflorus Benth. =Salacia impressifolia
Anthodon laxiflorus Benth. =Tontelea laxiflora
Anthodus ellipticus Mart. ex Schult. =Salacia elliptica
Cheiloclinium divaricata A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Cheiloclinium glaziovii A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium anomalum
Cheiloclinium gleasonianum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Cheiloclinium jenmanii A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium belizense
Cheiloclinium krukovii (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Cheiloclinium lineolatum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Cheiloclinium lucidum A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Cheiloclinium meianthemum A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium belizense
Cheiloclinium minutiflorum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm. [not in flora area]
Cheiloclinium parviflorum (Miers) A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Cheiloclinium podostemmum (Sandwith) A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium belizense
Cuervea granatensis Miers =Cuervea kappleriana
Cuervea mitchellae (I.M. Johnst.) A.C. Sm. =Cuervea kappleriana
Cuervea ovalifolia Miers =Tontelea ovalifolia
Hippocratea aggregata Peyr. =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea ambigua Peyr. [insufficiently known taxon]
Hippocratea aspera Lam. =Prionostemma aspera
Hippocratea comosa Sw. =Hylenaea comosa
Hippocratea crinita Pittier =Hylenaea comosa
Hippocratea emarginata Rudge =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Hippocratea flava Gleason =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea floribunda Benth. =Elachyptera floribunda
Hippocratea granatensis Peyr. =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea holdeniana A.C. Sm. =Pristimera holdeniana
Hippocratea huanucana Loes. =Peritassa huanucana
Hippocratea inundata Peyr. =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea kappleriana Miq. =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea laevigata Rich. =Hippocratea volubilis
Hippocratea lancifolia Lundell =Elachyptera floribunda
Hippocratea lutea Gleason =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea malpighiifolia Rudge =Prionostemma aspera
Hippocratea micrantha Cambess. =Elachyptera floribunda
Hippocratea mitchellae I.M. Johnst. =Cuervea kappleriana
Hippocratea multiflora Lam. =Salacia multiflora
Hippocratea obovata Rich. =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Hippocratea obovata var. guianense Peyr. =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Hippocratea opacifolia J.F. Macbr. =Salacia opacifolia
Hippocratea schomburgkii Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Prionostemma aspera
Hippocratea tenuiflora Mart. ex Peyr. =Pristimera tenuiflora
Hippocratea verrucosa Kunth =Pristimera verrucosa
Hylenaea capilliflora Miers =Hylenaea comosa
Kippistia cognata Miers =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Kippistia diffusiflora Miers =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Peritassa cuneata Mennega =Peritassa huanucana
Peritassa granulata (Urb.) A.C. Sm. =Peritassa laevigata
Peritassa laevigata subsp. obtusa Peyr. =Peritassa compta
DA
DA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU?
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG
FG?
FG?
FG?
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
315
Peritassa rorida Miers =Peritassa laevigata
Peritassa rubicunda Miers =Peritassa laevigata
Peritassa smaragdina Miers =Peritassa laevigata
Prionostemma malpighiifolia (Rudge) Miers =Prionostemma aspera
Pristimera apiculata Miers =Cuervea kappleriana
Pristimera caribaea (Urb.) A.C. Sm. [not in flora area]
Raddia elliptica (Mart. ex Schult.) Miers =Salacia elliptica
Raddia grandiflora (Benth.) Miers =Salacia impressifolia
Raddia impressifolia Miers =Salacia impressifolia
Raddia lacunosa Miers =Salacia elliptica
Raddia pachyphylla Miers =Salacia pachyphylla
Salacia acreana A.C. Sm. =Salacia cordata
Salacia affinis Peyr. =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Salacia anomala (Miers) Peyr. =Cheiloclinium anomalum
Salacia anomalum (Miers) Peyr. =Cheiloclinium anomalum
Salacia attenuata (Miers) Peyr. =Tontelea attenuata
Salacia belizensis Standl. =Cheiloclinium belizense
Salacia brevistaminea Pittier =Anthodon decussatum
Salacia catalinensis Rusby =Prionostemma aspera
Salacia cognata (Miers) Peyr. =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Salacia cognata var. egensis Peyr. =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Salacia crassifolia Pittier =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia cylindrocarpa A.C. Sm. =Tontelea cylindrocarpa
Salacia diffusiflora (Miers) Peyr. =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Salacia dulcis Benth. =Peritassa dulcis
Salacia elliptica var. apiculata Peyr. =Salacia elliptica
Salacia fluminensis Peyr. =Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. richardii
Salacia gleasoniana A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Salacia gracilis A.C. Sm. =Salacia opacifolia
Salacia grandiflora Peyr. =Salacia impressifolia
Salacia granulata Urb. =Peritassa laevigata
Salacia guianensis Klotzsch [nomen nudum] =Salacia elliptica
Salacia guianensis (Aubl.) Lemée [incertae sedis; excluded from Hippocrateaceae by A.C. Smith] =Macahanea guianensis
Aubl.
Salacia hippocrateoides Peyr. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Salacia krukovii A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides
Salacia lacunosa (Miers) Peyr. =Salacia elliptica
Salacia laevigata (Hoffmanns. ex Link) DC. =Peritassa laevigata
Salacia laevigata subsp. obtusa Peyr. =Peritassa compta
Salacia laxiflora (Benth.) Peyr. =Tontelea laxiflora
Salacia laxiflora var. amygdalifolia Peyr. =Tontelea laxiflora
Salacia laxiflora var. oblongifolia Peyr. =Tontelea laxiflora
Salacia lineolata A.C. Sm. =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Salacia macrophylla Miq. =Salacia miqueliana
Salacia megistophylla Standl. =Salacia cordata
Salacia mucronata Rusby =Salacia multiflora subsp. mucronata
Salacia nectandrifolia A.C. Sm. =Tontelea nectandrifolia
Salacia obovata (Rich.) Peyr. =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia obovata var. guianensis Peyr. =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia parviflora Sagot ex Peyr. =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Salacia patens Triana & Planch. =Tontelea ovalifolia
Salacia pittieriana A.C. Sm. =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia podostemma Sandwith =Cheiloclinium belizense
Salacia pruinosa Seem. =Peritassa pruinosa
Salacia richardii Peyr. =Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. richardii
Salacia rugulosa Sagot [nomen nudum] =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Salacia scabra DC. =Prionostemma aspera
Salacia sphaerocarpa Rusby =Cheiloclinium cognatum
Sicyomorpha nervosa Miers =Pristimera nervosa
Sicyomorpha peruviana Miers =Peritassa peruviana
Sicyomorpha pruinosa (Seem.) Miers =Peritassa pruinosa
Thermophila cordata Miers =Salacia cordata
Thermophila emarginata (Rudge) Miers =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Thermophila macrophylla (Miq.) Miers =Salacia miqueliana
316
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Thermophila obovata (Rich.) Miers =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Thermophila rugulosa Miers =Salacia multiflora subsp. multiflora
Tonsella laevigata Hoffmanns. ex Link =Peritassa laevigata
Tonsella malpighiifolia (Rudge) G. Mey. =Prionostemma aspera
Tontelea aubletiana Miers =Tontelea sp.
Tontelea floribunda (Benth.) Miers =Elachyptera floribunda
Tontelea fluminensis (Peyr.) A.C. Sm. =Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. richardii
Tontelea longifolia Miers =Tontelea attenuata
Tontelea parviflora Miers =Cheiloclinium diffusiflorum
Tontelea richardii (Peyr.) A.C. Sm. =Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. richardii
Tontelea scandens Aubl. [nomen nudum]
REFERENCES
Görts-van Rijn, A. 2002. Hippocrateaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D.
Mitchell, eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
76 (2): 347-353.
Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A. & A.M.W. Mennega. 1994. Hippocrateaceae. In A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn, Flora of the Guianas (series A)
16: 1-157.
Loesener, T. 1942. Hippocrateaceae. In A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 20b: 198-231.
Mennega, A.M.W. & J.P. Hedin. 1999. Hippocrateaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 594-617.
Smith, A.C. 1940. The American species of Hippocrateaceae. Brittonia 3: 341-355.
HUGONIACEAE
P.E. Berry, A. Jardim, N. Ramírez, D. Sabatier
Hebepetalum humiriifolium (Planch.) Benth.
Hebepetalum roraimense Secco & S.M.B. Silva
Hebepetalum sp. A
Roucheria calophylla Planch.
Roucheria columbiana Hallier f.
Roucheria laxiflora H. Winkl.
Roucheria schomburgkii Planch.
Roucheria sp. A
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
DA
GU
GU
SU
FG
GU
GU
SU
FG?
SU
SU
FG
GU
AM
SYNONYMS AND MISIDENTIFICATIONS
Hebepetalum parviflorum Ducke =Roucheria calophylla
Hebepetalum punctatum Ducke =Roucheria columbiana
Hebepetalum schomburgkii (Planch.) Ducke =Roucheria schomburgkii
Roucheria angulata Gleason =Hebepetalum humiriifolium
Roucheria humeriifolia Planch. =Hebepetalum humiriifolium
Roucheria humiriifolia Planch. =Hebepetalum humiriifolium
Roucheria parviflora (Ducke) Ducke =Roucheria calophylla
Roucheria punctata (Ducke) Ducke =Roucheria columbiana
REFERENCES
Bakhuizen van den Brink f., R.C. 1941. Linaceae. In A. Pulle, Flora of Suriname 3(1): 409-411.
Ramírez, N., P.E. Berry, & A. Jardim. 1999. Hugoniaceae. In J.A. Steyermark, P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B.K. Holst, Flora of
the Venezuelan Guayana 5: 618-623.
Sabatier, D. 2002. Hugoniaceae. In Mori, S.A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.J. de Granville, S.V. Heald, M. Hoff, & J.D. Mitchell,
eds. 2002. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana: Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76 (2):
353-354.
Secco, R. de S. & S.M.B. Silva. 1990. Materiaes para a flora amazônica - VIII. Contribuçao à sistemática das Linaceae da
Amazônia Brasileira. Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Bot.) 6(1): 113-135.
HUMIRIACEAE
J. Cuatrecasas†, O. Huber, D. Sabatier
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec.
Humiria balsamifera Aubl.
Humiria balsamifera var. balsamifera
Humiria balsamifera var. coriacea Cuatrec.
Humiria balsamifera var. floribunda (Mart.) Cuatrec.
Humiria balsamifera var. guaiquinimana Cuatrec.
AM
AM
AM
AM
AM
BO
BO
BO
BO
BO
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
SU
SU
SU
SU
FG
FG
FG
FG
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield
Humiria balsamifera var. guianensis (Benth.) Cuatrec.
Humiria balsamifera var. iluana Cuatrec.
Humiria balsamif