General patterns of the Lepidoptera fauna of Iran*
Authors: Rajaei, Hossein, Noori, Sajad, Karsholt, Ole, and Zahiri, Reza
Source: Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural
History, 6(Sp1) : 69-81
Published By: Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History
URL: https://doi.org/10.18476/2023.997558.4
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Integrative Systematics 6 (Special Issue): 69–81; published 16.III.2023; DOI: 10.18476/2023.997558.4
69
CHAPTER 4
General patterns of the Lepidoptera fauna of Iran*1
Hossein R ajaei1, sajad nooRi1, ole K aRsHolt2 & Reza zaHiRi3
The main purpose of this catalogue was to improve our
knowledge of the Lepidoptera fauna of Iran and acquire
a better knowledge of the patterns of distribution of this
large insect order within the country. These patterns not
only show the large-scale structure of the faunal elements
of this order in Iran, but also highlight research gaps and
and other needs in Iranian lepidopterology, which should
be addressed before we lose more habitats and species.
This chapter addresses questions such as: How many
lepidopteran species are reported from Iran? How many
of them are truly present in Iran? I.e., how many need further confirmation and how many have been erroneously
reported? How many of the reported species are regarded
as synonyms today? How are they systematically distributed (e.g., how many species are known per family)? How
are they geographically distributed, both horizontally and
vertically? Which taxonomic groups are especially in
need of additional sampling efforts and taxonomic revisions? Finally, how many are endemic to Iran?
Synonyms
Species diversity
In total, 6,191 species-level names are listed in this catalogue as reported from Iran in the literature or for the first
time in the present catalogue. Of these, 1,262 are regarded as
junior synonyms and 117 as erroneously reported, although
24 are considered likely to occur in the country (see Appendix
1). Of the 4,812 remaining valid species, 4,517 are regarded
as definitely resident in Iran, whereas 295 need further confirmation [see Fig. 1 and notes in Rajaei et al. (2023)].
In total, we list 892 endemic species for Iran, corresponding to an endemicity rate of 19.7% (Appendix 2). As
can be observed in Fig. 2, over 70% of the endemic species have been collected at altitudes between 1,000 and
3,000 m. Isolation, by reducing gene flow, is an important driver of speciation, and higher per-species speciation rates caused by increasing isolation with elevation
are assumed to be one of the most plausible explanations
for the globally consistent pattern of higher endemism at
1,262
Erroneous but probable 24
117
erroneously
reported species
Erroneous
93
Unconfirmed
294
4,812
known species
Resident
4,518
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Fig. 1. Summary of the statuses in Iran of the lepidopteran species listed in this catalogue.
*1
In: R ajaei, H. & K aRsHolt, O. (eds.): Lepidoptera Iranica. – Integrative Systematics 6 (Special Issue): 69–81.
© Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart
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70
LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
Fig. 2. Elevational diversity gradients of the endemic Lepidoptera species of Iran. In (b), each dot represents a species record.
977
NOCTUIDAE
539
GEOMETRIDAE
467
PYRALIDAE
336
EREBIDAE
317
CRAMBIDAE
260
TORTRICIDAE
236
GELECHIIDAE
215
LYCAENIDAE
188
COLEOPHORIDAE
146
NYMPHALIDAE
see list A
51–100
see list B
11–50
<10
see list C
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
List A: AUTOSTICHIDAE, COSSIDAE, DEPRESSARIIDAE, GRACILLARIIDAE, PIERIDAE, PTEROPHORIDAE, SESIIDAE, TINEIDAE, ZYGAENIDAE.
List B: ALUCITIDAE, AUTOSTICHIDAE, BRACHODIDAE, BUCCULATRICIDAE, COSMOPTERIGIDAE, COSSIDAE, DEPRESSARIIDAE, ELACHISTIDAE, GRACILLARIIDAE, HESPERIIDAE,
LASIOCAMPIDAE, MEESSIIDAE, NEPTICULIDAE, NOLIDAE, NOTODONTIDAE, OECOPHORIDAE, PAPILIONIDAE, PIERIDAE, PSYCHIDAE, PTEROPHORIDAE, SCYTHRIDIDAE,
SESIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, TINEIDAE, YPSOLOPHIDAE, ZYGAENIDAE.
List C: ADELIDAE, ARGYRESTHIIDAE, BATRACHEDRIDAE, BEDELLIIDAE, BLASTOBASIDAE, BOMBYCIDAE, BRAHMAEIDAE, CARPOSINIDAE, CHOREUTIDAE, CIMELIIDAE, DOUGLASIIDAE,
DREPANIDAE, EPERMENIIDAE, EPIPYROPIDAE, ERIOCOTTIDAE, EUTELIIDAE, GALACTICIDAE, GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE, HELIODINIDAE, HELIOZELIDAE, HEPIALIDAE, LECITHOCERIDAE,
LIMACODIDAE, LYONETIIDAE, LYPUSIDAE, MICROPTERIGIDAE, MOMPHIDAE, PLUTELLIDAE, PTEROLONCHIDAE, SATURNIIDAE, STATHMOPODIDAE, TISCHERIIDAE,
USTYURTIIDAE, YPONOMEUTIDAE.
Fig. 3. Number of known Lepidoptera species per family in Iran.
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RAJAEI ET AL.: GENERAL PATTERNS OF IRANIAN LEPIDOPTERA
higher elevations (steinbaueR et al. 2016). Phylogenetic
evidence indicates that many high-elevation endemics
across the globe are phylogenetically young taxa resulting from recent rapid diversification, e.g., in the New Zealand Alps (WinKWoRtH et al. 2005), the Andes (HutteR
et al. 2013) and East Malaysia (MeRcKx et al. 2015). These
localized areas (i.e., type localities) can be used as a reference for future conservation initiatives.
71
Distribution of species within families
As can be observed in Appendix 1, some families are
more species-rich than others. However, this pattern could
simply be an artefact due to some taxonomic groups being
less studied (e.g., the microlepidopteran families) when
compared to other parts of the world (e.g., Europe or North
America). In contrast, some families (e.g., Zygaenidae, Cos-
441
746
746
1104
606
679
399
1296
262 895
1385
631
451
443
784
683
174
251
543
104
618
103
179
310
462
400
591
1625
262
1625
827
661
a
103
b
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
c
c
Fig. 4. Data on Iranian Lepidoptera, subdivided by province. a. Map showing number of recorded species per province. b. Map showing number of type localities per province. c. Bar chart showing number of recorded species per province.
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72
LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
sidae and nearly all Papilionoidea) are much better known.
Fig. 3 shows the number of species per family in Iran.
Horizontal and vertical distribution of
Lepidoptera species in Iran
Not only have some lepidopteran lineages been incompletely studied in Iran (e.g., most microlepidopteran families), but some provinces have been insufficiently explored
overall. The number of recorded species per province is
shown in Appendix 3 and Fig. 4, where it is clear that several provinces (e.g., Ilam and Khorasan-e Jonubi) have
been largely neglected in past taxonomic surveys. Of note,
the Ilam province is located in a transitional zone between
the Zagros Mts. and the desert plains of Iraq, and potentially contains a rich Lepidoptera fauna. Some other provinces (e.g., Ardabil and Khorasan-e Shomali), although
much better studied, show a low number of type localities (Fig. 4b), which could be explained by intensive taxonomic studies on the other side of the national borders of
Iran, e.g., in the Kopet-Dagh Mts. (Turkmenistan) and
Azerbaijan Mts. (Azerbaijan).
Most lepidopterous larvae feed on living plants, many
of them on a single plant species (monophagous) or a few
related species (oligophagous), and their distribution is
therefore dependent on the distribution of their host plants.
Areas with a high diversity of plants have, in most cases,
a correlatively high diversity of Lepidoptera. In some
families of Lepidoptera (e.g., Gracillariidae, Tortricidae and Geometridae), the larvae of a majority of species
feed on the leaves of deciduous trees. These families are
thus most diverse in forested areas such as mountains and
north-facing hills. The larvae of many species of Gelechiidae, Pyralidae and Noctuidae feed on low plants, often in
dry areas, and these families are most diverse in steppes
and semi-deserts.
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RAJAEI ET AL.: GENERAL PATTERNS OF IRANIAN LEPIDOPTERA
Authors’ addresses:
1
State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D–70191 Stuttgart, Germany;
e-mails: hossein.rajaei@smns-bw.de (HR, corresponding author), sajad.noori@smns-bw.de (SN);
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-3734 (HR),
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9933-6713 (SN)
2
Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
e-mail: okarsholt@snm.ku.dk; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6969-2549
3
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Entomology Laboratory, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa K1A 0C6, Ontario,
Canada; e-mail: Reza.Zahiri@inspection.gc.ca; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6274-6973
ZooBank registration: https://zoobank.org/References/FE9D2120-CD95-4ACC-B2B5-0583C5242D39
Manuscript received: 11.X.2022; accepted: 10.I.2023.
Appendix 1. Number of resident species (R) within each Lepidoptera family in Iran. Species requiring further confirmation (U) are
also listed, together with erroneously reported species (E) and species erroneously reported but possibly occurring in the country
(EP). Endemic species are listed in the last column.
Nr.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Family
Micropterigidae
Hepialidae
Nepticulidae
Heliozelidae
Adelidae
Tischeriidae
Meessiidae
Psychidae
Eriocottidae
Tineidae
Bucculatricidae
Gracillariidae
Bedelliidae
Heliodinidae
Lyonetiidae
Argyresthiidae
Yponomeutidae
Ypsolophidae
Plutellidae
Glyphipterigidae
Douglasiidae
Ustyurtiidae
Choreutidae
Galacticidae
Tortricidae
Cossidae
Sesiidae
Brachodidae
Zygaenidae
Limacodidae
Epipyropidae
Lecithoceridae
Autostichidae
Oecophoridae
Lypusidae
Depressariidae
R
2
1
33
4
4
11
14
1
66
12
57
2
1
3
5
4
12
5
4
6
1
5
2
211
82
55
12
74
2
1
3
59
9
65
U
2
1
1
1
7
2
1
1
1
1
2
49
4
2
1
8
2
10
E
1
1
2
3
4
2
1
-
EP
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Endemic
4
7
9
1
4
1
1
3
3
1
1
30
15
12
3
38
1
1
36
5
8
Nr.
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
Family
Cosmopterigidae
Gelechiidae
Pterolonchidae
Elachistidae
Coleophoridae
Batrachedridae
Scythrididae
Stathmopodidae
Blastobasidae
Momphidae
Alucitidae
Pterophoridae
Carposinidae
Epermeniidae
Hesperiidae
Papilionidae
Pieridae
Lycaenidae
Nymphalidae
Pyralidae
Crambidae
Cimeliidae
Drepanidae
Lasiocampidae
Brahmaeidae
Bombycidae
Saturniidae
Sphingidae
Geometridae
Notodontidae
Erebidae
Euteliidae
Nolidae
Noctuidae
Totals
R
32
209
1
12
181
1
32
5
1
1
11
93
2
7
41
10
53
208
140
455
315
1
7
38
4
1
4
33
474
24
324
2
26
941
4,517
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U
1
27
7
7
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
7
6
12
2
1
1
3
65
1
12
2
36
295
E
2
1
2
1
1
3
4
10
7
3
4
2
4
1
9
7
6
12
93
EP
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
4
2
24
Endemic
4
25
5
35
7
1
2
5
2
2
6
61
13
130
66
8
1
114
3
55
1
161
891
74
LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
Appendix 2. List of endemic Lepidoptera species in Iran, sorted by family.
MEESSIIDAE (4)
Infurcitinea fasciella Gaedike, 1983
Infurcitinea megalopterella Petersen, 1964
Infurcitinea obscuroides Gaedike, 1983
Infurcitinea teheranensis Petersen, 1971
PSYCHIDAE (7)
Amicta davarica (Solyanikov, 2002)
Amicta lutensis Arnscheid, Rajaei & Sobczyk, 2021
Kalliesia irana Sobczyk, 2004
Oiketicoides schahkuhensis (Heylaerts, 1885)
Oiketicoides villosa (Brandt, 1938)
Placodoma eberti Arnscheid, 2020
Placodoma sobczyki Arnscheid, 2020
TINEIDAE (9)
Anomalotinea iranica (Petersen & Gaedike, 1984)
Ateliotum confusum Petersen, 1966
Edosa xerxes (Petersen & Gaedike, 1984)
Euplocamus schaeferi Amsel, 1959
Kermania pistaciella Amsel, 1964
Neurothaumasia brandti Petersen, 1966
Neurothaumasia maculata Petersen & Gaedike, 1996
Perissomastix falcata Petersen, 1988
Perissomastix laricola Gaedike, 2019
BUCCULATRICIDAE (1)
Bucculatrix iranica Deschka, 1981
GRACILLARIIDAE (4)
Acrocercops iraniana Triberti, 1989
Aspilapteryx magna Triberti, 1985
Phyllonorycter iranica Deschka, 1979
Polymitia laristana Triberti, 1986
LYONETIIDAE (1)
Phyllobrostis farsensis Mey, 2006
ARGYRESTHIIDAE (1)
Argyresthia mirabiella Toll, 1948
YPSOLOPHIDAE (3)
Ochsenheimeria chorasanica Zagulajev, 1988
Ypsolopha kotzschi (Toll, 1948)
Ypsolopha nervosellum (Zerny, 1940)
PLUTELLIDAE (3)
Baerenschenkia lamasi Mey, 2022
Deryaxenistis nekrutenkoi Mey, 2022
Paraxenistis ammolofon Mey, 2022
USTYURTIIDAE (1)
Karwandania chimabacchella Amsel. 1959
GALACTICIDAE (1)
Zarcinia sp.
TORTRICIDAE (30)
Aethes destituta Razowski, 1983
Aethes eberti Sutter & Karisch, 2004
Aethes kandovana Alipanah, 2009
Aethes luteopictana (Kennel, 1900)
Aethes persica Razowski, 1963
Aethes shakibai Huemer & Wieser, 2004
Argyroploce rhetorica Meyrick, 1920
Argyroploce vandarbana Osthelder, 1938
Choristoneura jecorana (Kennel, 1899)
Cnephasia razowskii Alipanah, 2019
Cochylimorpha brandti (Razowski, 1963)
Cochylimorpha elegans (Razowski, 1963)
Cochylimorpha pirizanica (Razowski, 1963)
Cochylimorpha scrophulana (Razowski, 1963)
Cochylimorpha wiltshirei (Razowski, 1963)
Cydia persica (Kuznetsov, 1968)
Diceratura keredjana Razowski, 1963
Diceratura teheranica Razowski, 1970
Dichrorampha iranica Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
Epinotia safidana Razowski, 1963
Eucosma persiae Razowski, 1963
Gypsonoma ochrotona Razowski, 1963
Hedya tritofa Alipanah & Baixeras, 2011
Pammene caliginosa Kuznetsov, 1972
Pammene festiva Kuznetsov, 1972
Phtheochroa purissima (Osthelder, 1938)
Thiodia confusana Kuznetsov, 1972
Thiodia elbursica Kuznetsov, 1972
Zeiraphera smaragdina Razowski, 1963
Zelotherses conscia (Razowski, 1981)
COSSIDAE (15)
Barchaniella mus (Grum-Grshimailo, 1902)
Cossulus irani (Daniel, 1937)
Cossulus kopetdaghensis Yakovlev & Alipanah, 2021
Cossulus zoroastres (Grum-Grshimailo, 1902)
Dyspessa alipanahae Yakovlev, 2008
Dyspessa ariadne Yakovlev, 2008
Dyspessa derbenti Daniel, 1964
Dyspessa elbursensis Daniel, 1964
Dyspessa serica Brandt, 1938
Dyspessa zurvan Yakovlev, 2008
Holcocerus witti Yakovlev, Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2007
Isoceras teheranica Daniel, 1971
Meharia avicenna Yakovlev, 2011
Meharia baluchestana Alipanah & Yakovlev, 2021
Meharia tancredii Sutton, 1963
SESIIDAE (12)
Bembecia molleti Kallies & Špatenka, 2003
Chamaesphecia adelpha Le Cerf, 1946
Chamaesphecia fredi Le Cerf, 1938
Chamaesphecia inexpectata (Le Cerf, 1938)
Chamaesphecia keili Kallies & Špatenka, 2003
Chamaesphecia leucocnemis Le Cerf, 1938
Chamaesphecia leucoparea (Lederer, 1853)
Chamaesphecia sefid Le Cerf, 1938
Chamaesphecia thomyris Le Cerf, 1938
Chamaesphecia xantho Le Cerf, 1937
Dipchasphecia consobrina (Le Cerf, 1938)
Tinthia mianjangalica Lastuvka, 1995
BRACHODIDAE (3)
Brachodes formosa (Amsel, 1953)
Brachodes monotona (Amsel, 1953)
Brachodes rhagensis (Lederer, 1870)
ZYGAENIDAE (38)
Jordanita christinae Keil, 1998
Jordanita rietzschi Keil, 2016
Rhagades brandti (Alberti, 1938)
Rhagades tarmanni Keil, 1999
Zygaena aisha Naumann & Naumann, 1980
Zygaena bakhtiyari Hofmann & Tremewan, 2005
Zygaena cacuminum Christoph, 1877
Zygaena chirazica Reiss, 1938
Zygaena christa Reiss & Schulte, 1967
Zygaena ecki Christoph, 1882
Zygaena esseni Blom, 1973
Zygaena fredi Reiss, 1938
Zygaena fusca Hofmann, 2000
Zygaena ginnereissi Hofmann, 2000
Zygaena kermanensis Tremewan, 1975
Zygaena manlia Lederer, 1870
Zygaena mirzayansi Hofmann & Keil, 2011
Zygaena naumanni Hille & Keil, 1999
Zygaena nocturna Ebert, 1974
Zygaena pseudorubricundus Klir & Naumann, 2002
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Zygaena seitzi Reiss, 1938
Zygaena sengana Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1956
Zygaena speciosa Reiss, 1937
Zygaena tenhagenova Hofmann, 2005
Zygaenoprocris duskei (Grum-Grshimailo, 1902)
Zygaenoprocris efetovi Mollet & Tarmann, 2007
Zygaenoprocris fredi (Alberti, 1939)
Zygaenoprocris hasarani Keil, 2020
Zygaenoprocris hofmanni Mollet & Tarmann, 2007
Zygaenoprocris khorassana (Alberti, 1939)
Zygaenoprocris kliri Keil, 2002
Zygaenoprocris molleti Keil, 2020
Zygaenoprocris persepolis (Alberti, 1938)
Zygaenoprocris puschmanni Keil, 2020
Zygaenoprocris rjabovi (Alberti, 1938)
Zygaenoprocris schahdadiani Keil, 2020
Zygaenoprocris taftana (Alberti, 1939)
Zygaenoprocris valii Keil, 2020
EPIPYROPIDAE (1)
Epimesophantia dlabolai Krampl, 1983
LECITHOCERIDAE (1)
Lecithocera persica Gozmány, 1978
AUTOSTICHIDAE (36)
Acrosyntaxis anagramma Gozmány, 2008
Acrosyntaxis cyclacantha Gozmány, 2008
Acrosyntaxis micracantha Gozmány, 2008
Acrosyntaxis pilatus (Gozmány, 1963)
Acrosyntaxis rhyparastis Gozmány, 2008
Amselina adornata Gozmány, 2008
Amselina odynera Gozmány, 2008
Amselina stagonophora Gozmány, 2008
Concordaxis convergens Gozmány, 2008
Cyllaraxis cambyses Gozmány, 2000
Cyllaraxis cyrus Gozmány, 2000
Dysspastus mucronatus Gozmány, 2008
Orpecacantha multispina Gozmány, 2008
Orpecacantha pardalis Gozmány, 2008
Orpecovalva effendi (Dozmány, 1963)
Orpecovalva eremita (Gozmány, 1963)
Orpecovalva singularis Gozmány, 2008
Orpecovalva wiltshirei (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca capnistis Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca euxantha Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca forsteri (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca maga (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca megalomera Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca mithra (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca mithridates (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca multigrassa Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca persica (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca sahname (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca satrapa (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca sefidica Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca shahriar Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca sheherezade (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca sindbad (Gozmány, 1963)
Symmoca squalida Gozmány, 2008
Symmoca striolatella Gozmány, 1963
Symmoca vojnitsi Gozmány, 2008
OECOPHORIDAE (5)
Pleurota delattinia Back, 1973
Pleurota gnathella Back, 1973
Pleurota lineata Toll, 1947
Pleurota media Back, 1973
Pleurota persica Back, 1973
DEPRESSARIIDAE (8)
Agonopterix bakriella Amsel, 1958
Agonopterix demissella Hannemann, 1958
Agonopterix elbursella Hannemann, 1976
Agonopterix miyanella Amsel, 1972
Ethmia alba (Amsel, 1949)
Ethmia derbendella Sattler, 1967
Ethmia persica Kun, 2007
Ethmia sattleri Kun, 2007
COSMOPTERIGIDAE (4)
Ascalenia imbella Kasy, 1974
Ascalenia sirjanella Kasy, 1975
Pseudascalenia abbasella Kasy, 1974
Vulcaniella schultzendorffi (Amsel, 1959)
GELECHIIDAE (25)
Agnippe separatella Bidzilya & Li, 2010
Anarsia belutschistanella (Amsel, 1959)
Deltophora beatrix Sattler, 1979
Filatima armata Bidzilya & Huemer, 2022
Gnorimoschema elbursicum Povolny, 1984
Megacraspedus golestanicus Huemer & Karsholt, 2018
Microlechia iranica (Povolný, 1976)
Ornativalva plicella Sattler, 1976
Ornativalva roseosuffusella Sattler, 1967
Ornativalva rufipuncta Sattler, 1976
Scrobipalpa albostriata Povolný, 1977
Scrobipalpa cryptica Povolný, 1969
Scrobipalpa helmuti Povolny, 1977
Scrobipalpa kasyvartianella Povolný, 1967
Scrobipalpa laisinca Povolný, 1976
Scrobipalpa nigromaculata (Povolný, 2002)
Scrobipalpa optima Povolný, 1969
Scrobipalpa otregata Povolný, 1972
Scrobipalpa scrobipalpulina Povolný, 1967
Spiniphallellus eberti Bidzilya & Karsholt, 2019
Stomopteryx pallidella Amsel, 1959
Struempelia renatella Amsel, 1977
Telphusa pistaciae Sattler, 1982
Tricerophora acutivalva Bidzilya & Mey, 2018
Vladimirea stepicola Povolný, 1976
ELACHISTIDAE (5)
Elachista aeruginosa Parenti, 1981
Elachista cornuta Parenti, 1981
Elachista derbendi Parenti, 1981
Elachista semnani Parenti, 1981
Haplochrois sinevi (Baldizzone, 1993)
COLEOPHORIDAE (35)
Coleophora accadica Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora aculeata Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora amphorella Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora aporiella Baldizzone, 1989
Coleophora carmaniae Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora coronata Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora darica Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora decoratella Toll, 1959
Coleophora elamita Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora elbursella Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora eumorphella Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora flabelligerella Rebel, 1919
Coleophora flammea Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora fusca Toll, 1952
Coleophora ganglionella Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora hatamae Toll, 1959
Coleophora hieratica Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora inclita Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora inopinata Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora kandevanella Toll, 1952
Coleophora kitella Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora kotalensis Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora makuensis Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora minutula Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora monstruosa Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora namakella Amsel, 1977
Coleophora ovata Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora parthica Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora persana Baldizzone, 1990
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Coleophora rostrata Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora schaeuffeleella Toll, 1959
Coleophora schahkuhensis Toll, 1952
Coleophora simplex Baldizzone, 1994
Coleophora sivandella Toll, 1959
Coleophora sobria Baldizzone, 1994
SCYTHRIDIDAE (7)
Scythris alborzensis Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2011
Scythris ampullella Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2012
Scythris bifasciella Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2011
Scythris elburzi Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2008
Scythris ethmiella Amsel, 1974
Scythris farsi Passerin d’Entrèves, 2009
Scythris tridentata Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2012
STATHMOPODIDAE (1)
Tortilia pallidella Kasy, 1973
ALUCITIDAE (2)
Alucita iranensis Scholz & Jäckh, 1994
Tephroniopsis geometridalis Amsel, 1961
PTEROPHORIDAE (5)
Agdistis iranica Alipanah & Ustjuzhanin, 2007
Calyciphora golestanica Alipanah & Ustjuzhanin, 2005
Marasmarcha iranica Arenberger, 1999
Merrifieldia farsi (Arenberger, 1981)
Tabulaephorus djebeli (Arenberger, 1981)
CARPOSINIDAE (2)
Carposina ekbatana Amsel, 1978
Carposina roesleri Amsel, 1977
PAPILIONIDAE (2)
Allancastria louristana (Le Cerf, 1908)
Archon bostanchii de Freina & Naderi, 2003
PIERIDAE (6)
Anthocharis carolinae Back, 2005
Colias sagartia Lederer, 1869
Euchloe lessei Bernardi, 1957
Euchloe persica Verity, 1908
Euchloe ziayani Leestmans & Back, 2001
Pieris persis Verity, 1922
LYCAENIDAE (61)
Agriades aegagrus (Christoph, 1874)
Callophrys farsica ten Hagen, 2009
Callophrys mystaphioides Krupitsky & Kolesnichenko, 2013
Callophrys naderii ten Hagen, 2008
Glaucopsyche hazerii Karbalaye & Harandi, 2007
Lycaena lamponides (Staudinger, 1901)
Neolysandra corona (Verity, 1936)
Neolysandra fereiduna Skala, 2002
Plebejus afshar Eckweiler, 1998
Plebejus alizadehorum Bálint & Karbalaye, 2020
Plebejus ardashir (Eckweiler, 1998)
Plebejus callaghani (Carbonell & Naderi, 2007)
Plebejus montetaftanus (ten Hagen & Schurian, 2001)
Plebejus vaneki (Weidenhoffer & Klir 2000)
Polyommatus achaemenes Skala, 2002
Polyommatus aereus Eckweiler, 1998
Polyommatus ahmadi (Carbonell, 2001)
Polyommatus ardschira (Brandt, 1938)
Polyommatus baltazardi (de Lesse, 1963)
Polyommatus barmifiruze (Carbonell, 2000)
Polyommatus birunii Eckweiler & ten Hagen, 1998
Polyommatus caerulea (Staudinger, 1871)
Polyommatus darius Eckweiler & ten Hagen, 1998
Polyommatus demavendi (Pfeiffer, 1938)
Polyommatus dizinensis (Schurian, 1982)
Polyommatus eckweileri ten Hagen, 1998
Polyommatus esfahensis (Carbonell, 2000)
Polyommatus faramarzii (Skala, 2001)
LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
Polyommatus femininoides (Eckweiler, 1987)
Polyommatus forsteri (Pfeiffer, 1938)
Polyommatus hamadanensis (de Lesse, 1959)
Polyommatus kashani Eckweiler, 2013
Polyommatus kendevani (Forster, 1956)
Polyommatus kermansis (de Lesse, 1963)
Polyommatus klausschuriani ten Hagen, 1999
Polyommatus lorestanus Eckweiler, 1997
Polyommatus lori Eckweiler, 2013
Polyommatus luna Eckweiler, 2002
Polyommatus masulensis ten Hagen & Schurian, 2000
Polyommatus mofidii (de Lesse, 1963)
Polyommatus morgani (Le Cerf, 1909)
Polyommatus musa Koçak & Hosseinpour, 1996
Polyommatus paulae Wiemers & De Prins, 2004
Polyommatus peilei Bethune-Baker, 1921
Polyommatus pfeifferi (Brandt, 1938)
Polyommatus posthumus (Christoph, 1877)
Polyommatus pseudoxerxes (Forster, 1960)
Polyommatus sennanensis (de Lesse, 1959)
Polyommatus sephidarensis Karbalaye, 2008
Polyommatus shahkuhensis Lukhtanov et al., 2008
Polyommatus shahrami Skala, 2001
Polyommatus shirkuhensis ten Hagen & Eckweiler, 2001
Polyommatus sorkhensis Eckweiler, 2003
Polyommatus stempfferi (Brandt, 1938)
Polyommatus tenhageni Schurian & Eckweiler, 1999
Polyommatus urmiaensis Schurian & ten Hagen, 2003
Polyommatus xerxes (Staudinger, 1899)
Polyommatus zarathustra Eckweiler, 1997
Polyommatus zardensis Schurian & ten Hagen 2001
Satyrium persepolis Eckweiler & ten Hagen, 2003
Satyrium sassanides (Kollar, [1849])
NYMPHALIDAE (13)
Chazara mortezai Carbonell & Leestmans, 2000
Hyponephele shirazica Carbonell, 1997
Melanargia evartianae Wagener, 1976
Melitaea abbas Gross & Ebert, 1975
Melitaea casta Kollar, [1849]
Melitaea consulis Wiltshire, 1941
Melitaea eberti Koçak, 1980
Melitaea jitka D. Weiss & Major, 2000
Melitaea sarvistana Wiltshire, 1941
Melitaea saxatilis Christoph, 1874
Melitaea semiconsulis Coutsis, van Oorschot & Naderi, 2014
Melitaea shahvarica Kolesnichenko & Kotlobay, 2022
Satyrus astyages Skala, 2003
PYRALIDAE (130)
Acrobasis bouchirella (Amsel, 1951)
Acrobasis mirabiella (Toll, 1948)
Acrobasis persicella (Amsel, 1951)
Acrobasis zamantha (Roesler, 1987)
Acteniopsis gambronensis Alipanah & Asselbergs, 2018
Aglossa simplicialis Christoph, 1893
Amechedia herlina Roesler, 1989
Ancylosis canella Roesler, 1973
Ancylosis decentella (Ragonot, 1887)
Ancylosis externella Roesler, 1973
Ancylosis iranella Ragonot, 1887
Ancylosis kazerunella Roesler, 1973
Ancylosis persicella (Amsel, 1961)
Anemmalocera flavescentella Amsel, 1961
Anerastia infumella Ragonot, 1887
Ardekanopsis griseella Amsel, 1954
Arsenaria indistinctalis (Amsel, 1949)
Arsenaria strictalis (Amsel, 1949)
Arsissa firusella (Amsel, 1961)
Asalebria alida Roesler, 1988
Asalebria pallidisignata (Toll, 1948)
Asaluria reisseri Amsel, 1958
Asclerobia tchahabarella (Amsel, 1950)
Benderia talhouki Amsel, 1949
Bostra bifascialis Amsel, 1950
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Bostra farsalis Amsel, 1950
Bostra fuscella Amsel, 1959
Bostra pseudospaniella Amsel, 1951
Coleocornutia ecbataniella Amsel, 1961
Coleocornutia shirazella Amsel, 1961
Dalakia uniformella Amsel, 1961
Dentitegumia dhana Roesler, 1989
Dentitegumia sirjana Roesler, 1989
Dioryctria stenopterella Amsel, 1961
Ecbatania alvandella Amsel, 1961
Elegia kharazii Alipanah & Slamka, 2021
Ematheudes persicella (Amsel, 1961)
Epiparthia constituta Roesler, 1989
Epischnia unicornutella Amsel, 1961
Eurhodope hyrcanella Amsel, 1954
Eurhodope mira Amsel, 1954
Euzophera comeella Roesler, 1973
Euzophera derbendicola Roesler, 1973
Euzophera eburnella Amsel, 1954
Euzophera flagella (Lederer, 1869)
Faveria tchourouma (Amsel, 1961)
Gymnancyla iranella Alipanah & Asselbergs, 2014
Homoeosoma obatricostella Ragonot, 1887
Hypotia brandti (Amsel, 1949)
Hypotia colchicaloides (Amsel, 1949)
Hypotia infascialis (Amsel, 1949)
Hypotia metasialis (Amsel, 1954)
Hypotia mimicralis (Amsel, 1951)
Hypotia povolnyi (Amsel, 1975)
Hypotia rectangula (Amsel, 1954)
Keradere geminella (Amsel, 1954)
Khachia albicostella Amsel, 1961
Khuzistania richteri Amsel, 1959
Laristania iranella (Amsel, 1954)
Laristania khorassanella (Amsel, 1950)
Laristania sardzella Amsel, 1951
Laristania taftanella (Amsel, 1954)
Lepidogma hyrcanalis Amsel, 1961
Loryma bilinealis (Amsel, 1961)
Makrania belutschistanella Amsel, 1959
Makrania benderella Amsel, 1961
Morosaphycita cornutella (Amsel, 1951)
Myelois conformella Amsel, 1951
Myelois demawendella Zerny, 1939
Myelois paucipunctella Zerny, 1939
Myrlaea pittionii (Amsel, 1950)
Nephopterix macrocirtensis Amsel, 1954
Nephopterix minimella Amsel, 1954
Nephopterix oxybiella Amsel, 1950
Neurotomia belutschistanella (Amsel, 1961)
Ocrisiodes antiopa Roesler, 1988
Ocrisiodes bamella (Amsel, 1958)
Ocrisiodes keredjella Amsel, 1961
Ocrisiodes occulta Roesler, 1990
Ocrisiodes polyptychella (Ragonot, 1887)
Ocrisiodes senganella (Amsel, 1961)
Ocrisiodes sesamella Roesler, 1988
Ormudzia cameratella Amsel, 1954
Palpusopsis roseella Amsel, 1959
Paraemporia monotona Amsel, 1951
Parasefidia benderella Amsel, 1950
Parasefidia comeella (Amsel, 1951)
Pempelia caspiella (Amsel, 1959)
Pempelia pallidella (Toll, 1948)
Pempelia tarella (Zerny, 1939)
Peoria costella Amsel, 1954
Peoria ematheudella Amsel, 1954
Phycita ardekanella Amsel, 1950
Phycita balutchistanella Amsel, 1950
Phycita comeella Amsel, 1950
Phycita hyrcanella Amsel, 1961
Phycita mianella Amsel, 1950
Phycita persarum (Toll, 1948)
Phycita pirizanella Amsel, 1954
Phycita taftanella Amsel, 1950
Phycitodes binaloudella (Amsel, 1961)
Pima keredjella (Amsel, 1954)
Pima milka (Roesler, 1990)
Pirizania salebrosella Amsel, 1954
Pirizanodes farsella Amsel, 1961
Polyochodes albidiscella (Amsel, 1954)
Polyochodes farsella (Amsel, 1951)
Polyochodes sefidella (Amsel, 1954)
Praerhinaphe monotona Amsel, 1954
Pristocerella solskyi (Christoph, 1877
Prorophora senganella (Amsel, 1951)
Psorosa elbursella Amsel, 1954
Psorosa mechedella Amsel, 1954
Psorosodes dalakiella Amsel, 1954
Salebriodes ephestiella Amsel, 1950
Sareptania rectangulella (Amsel, 1950)
Sclerobiodes persica Amsel, 1951
Scotomera comealis (Amsel, 1951)
Scotomera kirmanialis (Amsel, 1961)
Scotomera laristanalis (Amsel, 1961)
Scotomera luteocostalis (Amsel, 1950)
Scotomera shirazalis (Amsel, 1961)
Sefidia persica Amsel, 1950
Selagia disclusella Ragonot, 1887
Shirazia monotona Amsel, 1954
Stemmatophora persica (Amsel, 1949)
Stemmatophora schwingenschussi Zerny, 1939
Synaphe unifascialis (Amsel, 1961)
Tenellopsis microphycita Amsel, 1961
Zitha mira (Amsel, 1951)
CRAMBIDAE (66)
Aeschremon belutschistanalis Amsel, 1959
Aeschremon tenalis Amsel, 1961
Agriphila bleszynskiella Amsel, 1961
Agriphila microselasella Błeszyński, 1959
Anania rudalis (Zerny, 1939)
Anarpia iranella (Zerny, 1939)
Aporodes pygmaealis Amsel, 1961
Catoptria pfeifferi (Osthelder, 1938)
Cybalomia dentilinealis Amsel, 1961
Elbursia stocki Amsel, 1950
Ephelis belutschistanalis (Amsel, 1961)
Ephelis mirabilis (Amsel, 1959) (Emprepes)
Ephelis palealis (Amsel, 1949) (Emprepes)
Epimetasia abbasalis Amsel, 1974
Euchromius keredjella (Amsel, 1949)
Euchromius malekalis Amsel, 1961
Evergestis affinis Amsel, 1951
Evergestis comealis Amsel, 1961
Evergestis elbursalis Amsel, 1961
Evergestis laristanalis Amsel, 1961
Evergestis petasalis Zerny, 1939
Evergestis shirazalis Amsel, 1954
Evergestis tenuiscriptalis Rebel, 1903
Fredia tchahbaharia Amsel, 1961
Glyphodes interruptalis (Amsel, 1950)
Herpetogramma fascinalis (Amsel, 1950)
Iranarpia albalis (Amsel, 1961)
Iranarpia silacealis (Amsel, 1951)
Iranomecyna dimorphalis (Amsel, 1961)
Krombia minimella Amsel, 1961
Loxostege alticolalis (Christoph, 1877)
Loxostege mira Amsel, 1951
Loxostege nissalis (Amsel, 1961)
Loxostege shirazalis Amsel, 1961
Margaretania superba Amsel, 1961
Mecyna albalis Amsel, 1961
Mecyna grisealis Amsel, 1961
Mecyna indistinctalis Amsel, 1961
Mecyna sefidalis (Amsel, 1950)
Mesolia alborzella Bassi, 2013
Metasia alvandalis Amsel, 1961
Metasia belutschistanalis Amsel, 1961
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Metasia comealis Amsel, 1961
Metasia farsalis Amsel, 1961
Metasia laristanalis Amsel, 1961
Metasia sefidalis Amsel, 1961
Metaxmeste elbursana (Amsel, 1961)
Metaxmeste staudingeri (Christoph, 1872)
Mukia nigroanalis Amsel, 1954
Palpita persicalis (Amsel, 1951)
Pyrausta laristanalis Amsel, 1961
Pyrausta nanalis (Christoph, 1888)
Pyrausta pionalis Toll, 1948
Pyrausta taftanalis Amsel, 1961
Scoparia saerdabella Osthelder, 1938
Sitochroa urmiensis Alipanah, 2020
Syrianarpia elburzalis Alipanah & Gianti, 2017
Syrianarpia kasyi Leraut, 1984
Tegostoma marginalis Amsel, 1961
Titanio ecbataniella Amsel, 1958
Titanio hyrcanella Amsel, 1950
Tulaya margelana (Bethune-Baker, 1893)
Tulaya staudingeri (Bethune-Baker, 1893)
Udea ardekanalis Amsel, 1961
Udea mechedalis (Amsel, 1950)
Udea pyraustiformis (Toll, 1948)
LASIOCAMPIDAE (8)
Chilena laristana Daniel, 1949
Chondrostega darius Wiltshire, 1952
Giselea pistaciae (Wiltshire, 1952)
Pachygastria herzi (Christoph, 1888)
Pachypasa hausmanni Prozorov et al., 2022
Phyllodesma farahae Lajonquière, 1963
Poecilocampa neka Zolotuhin & Zahiri, 2010
Sena cuneata (Brandt, 1938) (Chilena)
BRAHMAEIDAE (1)
Lemonia tamara Antoshin & Zolotuhin, 2013
GEOMETRIDAE (114)
Abraxas wehrlii Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Alcis fredi (Wehrli, 1941)
Charissa ali (Brandt, 1938)
Charissa argillata (Brandt, 1938)
Charissa asymmetra (Wehrli, 1936)
Charissa pelengi (Brandt, 1938)
Charissa subtila (Brandt, 1938)
Charissa taftana (Brandt, 1941)
Crocallis mirabica Brandt, 1941
Dicrognophos anophaea (Wehrli, 1939)
Dicrognophos culminata (Brandt, 1938)
Dicrognophos elahi (Brandt, 1938)
Dicrognophos eurytiches (Brandt, 1941)
Dicrognophos gorgata (Brandt, 1938)
Dicrognophos snelleni (Christoph, 1887)
Docirava palumbata Mentzer, 1981
Ecleora brandti (Wehrli, 1941)
Ennomos fraxineti Wiltshire, 1947
Ennomos vartianae László, 2018
Ennomos zandi Wiltshire, 1947
Entephria catochra (Prout, 1939)
Epitherina rhodopoleos Wehrli, 1938
Erannis caspica Laszlo, 2003
Euphyia chalusata Wiltshire, 1970
Euphyia farsica Brandt, 1941
Euphyia khorassana (Brandt, 1941)
Euphyia obvallata (Lederer, [1871])
Euphyia scopulata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia aduncata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia aequabila Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia aradjouna Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia asperata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia basurmanca Mironov & Ratzel, 2012
Eupithecia brandti Mironov & Ratzel, 2012
Eupithecia cheituna Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia edaphopteryx Vojnits, 1988
LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
Eupithecia elbursi Vojnits, 1988
Eupithecia elbursiata Schütze, 1960
Eupithecia forsterata Schütze, 1960
Eupithecia frontosa Brandt, 1941
Eupithecia fuscopunctata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia harenosa Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia husseini Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia inexercita Vojnits, 1982
Eupithecia keredjana Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia laterata Dietze, 1904
Eupithecia mahomedana Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia montanata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia persidis Mironov & Ratzel, 2012
Eupithecia pfeifferata Schütze, 1960
Eupithecia problematicata Schütze, 1960
Eupithecia prouti Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Eupithecia ridiculata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia sectila Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia siata Brandt, 1938
Eupithecia tarensis Schwingenschuss, 1939
Eupithecia truschi Mironov & Ratzel, 2012
Eupithecia undulifera Schwingenschuss, 1939
Eupithecia zagrosata Mironov & Ratzel, 2012
Gnopharmia kasrunensis Wehrli, 1939
Gnophosema palumba Brandt, 1938
Heterobapta plumellata Wiltshire, 1943
Heteroculpinia pasargades (Brandt, 1938)
Heteroculpinia prouti (Brandt, 1938)
Idaea persica (Brandt, 1941)
Idaea persidis (Wiltshire, 1966)
Idaea wiltshirei (Brandt, 1938)
Isturgia sengana (Brandt, 1940)
Isturgia suleiman (Wehrli, 1936)
Isturgia tengistanica (Brandt, 1938)
Isturgia wehrlii (Brandt, 1940)
Lithostege buxtoni Prout, 1920
Lithostege kiabii Rajaei, 2011
Lithostege samandooki Rajaei, 2011
Lithostege stadiei Lehmann, 2011
Nebula longipennis (Brandt, 1941)
Nebula reclamata (Prout, 1914)
Nebula saidabadi (Brandt, 1941)
Nebula vartianata (Wiltshire, 1970)
Neognopharmia horhammeri (Brandt, 1838)
Nychiodes admirabila Brandt, 1938
Nychiodes farinosa Brandt, 1938
Nychiodes leviata Brandt, 1938
Nychiodes mirzayansi Wanke, Hausmann & Rajaei, 2020
Nychiodes subfusca Brandt, 1938
Nychiodes subvirida Brandt, 1938
Nyssiodes rhodopolitis Wehrli, 1939
Ourapteryx meinekei Rajaei & Kollhorst, 2021
Pasiphila palaearctica (Brandt, 1938)
Photoscotosia antitypa Brandt, 1941
Protorhoe tangaba (Wiltshire, 1952)
Rhodostrophia iranica Schwingenschuss, 1939
Rhodostrophia nesam Brandt, 1938
Rhodostrophia tabestana Trusch & Hausmann, 2007
Rhodostrophia tumulosa Brandt, 1938
Rhodostrophia vahabzadehi Rajaei, Hausmann & Trusch, 2022
Sabzia graminaria (Kollar, 1850)
Scodionista gyulai Weisert, 2009
Scopula benigna (Brandt, 1941)
Scopula bullata (Vojnits, 1986)
Scopula chalcographata (Brandt, 1938)
Scopula gracilis (Brandt, 1941)
Scopula hoerhammeri Brandt, 1941
Scopula iranaria Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Scopula lactarioides Brandt, 1941
Scopula orbeorum (Hausmann, 1996)
Scopula origalis (Brandt, 1941)
Scotopteryx decolor (Schwingenschuss, 1939)
Scotopteryx fuscofasciata (Brandt, 1938)
Scotopteryx kurmanjiana Rajaei & László, 2014
Scotopteryx sterilis (Prout, 1938)
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RAJAEI ET AL.: GENERAL PATTERNS OF IRANIAN LEPIDOPTERA
Selidosema jowzakensis Weisert, 2009
Synopsia centralis (Wiltshire, 1966)
Thetidia recta (Brandt, 1941)
NOTODONTIDAE (3)
Cerura kautti Schintlmeister, 2008
Furcula turbida (Brandt, 1938)
Ptilophora sp. n.
EREBIDAE (55)
Amata aserbeidjana (de Freina, 1982)
Amata beluchistana de Freina, 2008
Amata dinara de Freina 2010
Amata harandii de Freina & Naderi, 2008
Amata hyrcana (Bang-Haas, 1912)
Amata kamarana de Freina, 2010
Amata kordestana de Freina & ten Hagen, 2003
Amata naderii de Freina, 2010
Amata persica (Kollar, 1849)
Anydrophila banghaasi Brandt, 1939
Anydrophila distincta Brandt, 1939
Anydrophila hoerhammeri Brandt, 1939
Autophila cinnamonea Ronkay, 1989
Autophila clara Wiltshire, 1952
Autophila deleta Benedek & Ronkay, 2001
Autophila eurytaenia Boursin, 1963
Autophila iranica Ronkay, 1989
Autophila plattneri Boursin, 1955
Autophila sinesafida Wiltshire, 1952
Autophila umbrifera (Kollar, 1848)
Catephia cana (Brandt, 1939)
Catocala fredi Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Catocala luscinia Brandt, 1938
Chionoxantha margarita Brandt, 1938
Chionoxantha minutissima Hacker & Ebert, 2002
Chionoxantha nobilis Hacker & Ebert, 2002
Clytie devissima Hacker & Gyulai, 2013
Ebertarctia nordstroemi (Brandt, 1947)
Eublemma aftob (Brandt, 1938)
Eublemma agnella (Brandt, 1938)
Eublemma argenteanea Hacker, 2019
Eublemma caelestis (Brandt, 1938)
Eublemma fugitiva (Christoph, 1877)
Eublemma jocularis (Christoph, 1877)
Eublemma microptera (Brandt, 1939)
Eublemma murati (Brandt, 1939)
Eublemma nives (Brandt, 1938)
Eublemma popovi (Wiltshire, 1953)
Eublemma pseudepistrota (Brandt, 1938)
Eublemma pseudoviridis (Brandt, 1939)
Eublemma taftana (Brandt, 1941)
Hyrcahypena schwingenschussi Wagner, 1937
Lygephila fereidun Wiltshire, 1961
Micronola irani Fibiger, 2011
Micronola zahirii Fibiger, 2011
Ocnerogyia pasargadae de Freina, 2012
Odice keyserlingi (Bienert, 1869)
Parocneria audeoudi Brandt, 1938
Parocneria insolita Brandt, 1938
Pelosia uniformis Rothschild, 1921
Zanclostathme elbursalis Draudt, 1937
Zethes brandti Janson, 1977
Zethes narghisa Brandt, 1938
Zethes nemea Brandt, 1938
Zethes zahedanica Gyulai, 2022
NOLIDAE (1)
Nola venusta (Brandt, 1938)
NOCTUIDAE (162)
Abrostola hyrcanica Hacker, 2002
Acrobyla draudti (Brandt, 1939)
Acronicta saadi Brandt, 1938
Acronicta solimana (Draudt, 1938)
Actebia damnata (Draudt, 1937)
Actebia opisoleuca (Staudinger, 1881)
Aegle porphyrinoides Gaal-Haszler et al., 2012
Agrotis psammocharis Boursin, 1950
Agrotis sardzeana Brandt, 1941
Allophyes renalis (Wiltshire, 1941)
Amphipoea maryamae Zahiri & Fibiger, 2006
Amphipyra micra Gyulai & Ronkay, 2008
Anagnorisma chamrani Gyulai et al., 2013
Anarta halophila (Gyulai & Ronkay, 2008)
Anchoscelis elbursica (Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006)
Anchoscelis fuscomixta (Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006)
Apamea minoc Babics & Benedek, 2011
Armada gelida (Brandt, 1939)
Armada maritima Brandt, 1939
Atethmia sinuata Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Benshirachia paradoxa Gyulai, Varga & Ronkay, 2002
Boursinia ferdovsi (Brandt, 1941)
Boursinia oxygramma Brandt, 1938
Brachygalea kamalii Shirvani, Ronkay & Talebi, 2008
Brachygalea miskoi Ronkay, 1996
Brandtina albonigra Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Bryomima avajensis Gyulai, 2022
Bryomima rosea Brandt, 1941
Bryomima vartianorum Gaal-Haszler et al., 2012
Bryophila argentacea Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937
Bryophila eucharista (Boursin, 1960)
Bryophila petricolor Lederer, 1870
Bryophila salomonis (Boursin, 1954)
Bryophila thamanaea Hampson, 1908
Bryophila thamanaea Hampson, 1908
Calamia metamorpha (Boursin, 1960)
Caradrina altissima Hacker, 2004
Caradrina boursini (F. Wagner, 1936)
Caradrina inopinata Hacker, 2004
Caradrina isfahana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina khorassana (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina panurgia (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina parthica Hacker, 2004
Caradrina phanosciera (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina poecila (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina pseudalbina (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina pulvis (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina sarhadica (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina stenoptera (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina zagrobia Hacker, 2004
Caradrina zandi Wiltshire, 1952
Cardepia halophila Hacker, 1998
Cardepia oleagina Hacker, 1998
Chersotis binaloudi Brandt, 1941
Chersotis cryptographa Varga & Gyulai, 2002
Chersotis hoppei Varga et al., 2013
Chersotis lehmanni Varga et al., 2013
Chersotis nitens Brandt, 1941
Chersotis sterilis (Brandt, 1938)
Chersotis zaghros Gyulai & Varga, 2006
Chloantha elbursica (Boursin, 1968)
Ctenoceratoda lupa (Christoph, 1893)
Cucullia khorassana Brandt, 1941
Dasypolia mazandarana Benedek et al., 2014
Deltote iranica (Kotzch, 1940)
Diadochia sacimima Shirvani & Ronkay, 2012
Dichagyris gyulaiivani Gyulai & Varga, 2002
Dichagyris haczi Ronkay & Gyulai, 2009
Dichagyris ilseae Stangelmaier & Fibiger, 2003
Dichagyris lupinus (Brandt, 1941)
Dichagyris paisa (Brandt, 1938)
Dichagyris taftana Brandt, 1941
Dichagyris zagroica Hacker & Ebert, 2002
Discalera discalis (Brandt, 1938)
Drasteriodes leprosa (Brandt, 1938)
Dryobotodes glaucus Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Dysmilichia gigantea Brandt, 1941
Eremohadena afzalipouri Shirvani, Sheykhnejad & Shoghali, 2012
Eremohadena toerpexa Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
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LEPIDOPTERA IRANICA
Euchalcia chalcophanes Dufay, 1963
Euchalcia hyrcaniae Dufay, 1963
Euchalcia incredibilis Hacker & Ebert, 2002
Euchalcia stilpna Dufay, 1969
Eulocastra bryophilioides Brandt, 1938
Euxoa abualisinai Varga & Gyulai, 2002
Euxoa adjemi Brandt, 1941
Euxoa aneucta Brandt, 1938
Euxoa dsheiron Brandt, 1938
Euxoa ebadhadiani Gyulai & Varga, 2002
Euxoa emamrezai Gyulai & Ronkay, 2006
Euxoa inclusa Corti, 1931
Euxoa mustelina (Christoph, 1877)
Euxoa perierga Brandt, 1938
Euxoa shahabbasi Gyulai & Varga, 2002
Evisa reisseri Wiltshire, 1952
Frivaldszkyola elami (Ronkay, 2001)
Gortyna golestanensis Fibiger & Zahiri, 2006
Griposia jahannamah (Fibiger et al., 2008)
Hada persa (Alphéraky, 1897)
Hadena cimelia (Brandt, 1938)
Hadena drangiana Gyulai & Hacker, 2013
Hadena haczi Gyulai & Hacker, 2013
Hadena mediana Gyulai & Hacker, 2013
Hadena mesolampra (Brandt, 1938)
Hadena montana (Brandt, 1941)
Hadena phaeoscripta Gyulai & Hacker, 2013
Hadena pyrrhotatos Gyulai & Hacker, 2013
Hadena thecaphaga (Draudt, 1937)
Hadena vulpecula (Brandt, 1938)
Iranada venusta (Brandt, 1939)
Iranada versicolor Brandt, 1939
Karmanica bandarabbassa Hacker & Eebert, 2002
Karmanica chosroes (Brandt, 1938)
Karmanica cyros Hacker & Eebert, 2002
Karmanica magnifica Hacker & Eebert, 2002
Lasionhada draudti Wagner, 1936
Leptologia malaqai Esfandiari, Gyulai, Shahreyari-Nejad & Rabieh, 2022
Lophoterges mariannae Fibiger, 2000
Luperina farsiensis Fibiger & Zahiri, 2005
Margelana brunnea Fibiger, Zahiri & Kononenko, 2007
Masalia philbyi (Brandt, 1941)
Metopoceras solituda (Brandt, 1938)
Metopodicha leily Gyulai & Ronkay, 2008
Metopoplus boursini Brandt, 1938
Mniotype fabulosa Benedek & Ronkay, 2002
Oligia suleiman Rezbanyai-Reser, 1997
Oligia vandarban Rezbanyai-Reser, 1997
Omphalophana serrulata Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Opigena khorassana Varga et al., 2015
Orthosia habeleri Wiesmair, Shirvani & Ronkay, 2020
Oxytripia stephania Sutton, 1964
Ozarba tamsina (Brandt, 1947)
Paracentropus cyrus (Brandt, 1938)
Perigrapha mithras (Wiltshire, 1941)
Perigrapha benedeki Ronkay et al., 2010
Photedes macroductus Gyulai, 2020
Polymixis alborsa Babics & Benedek, 2011
Polymixis dubiosa (Brandt, 1938)
Polymixis fibrillata Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Polymixis hedygramma (Brandt, 1941)
Polymixis pirkadatka Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Polymixis scrophulariae (Wiltshire, 1952)
Polymixis zagrobia (Wiltshire, 1941)
Pseudohadena magnitudinis Hacker & Ebert, 2002
Pseudohadena zahedana Shirvani & Ronkay, 2009
Pseudoligia lucifer Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Rezahiria marmota Ronkay, Ronkay & Gyulai, 2014
Rhodocatera rhodocharis (Brandt, 1938)
Shargacucullia faucicola (Wiltshire, 1943)
Shargacucullia kasyi (Wiltshire, 1976)
Shargacucullia szeokekalmani Ronkay, Ronkay & Gyulai, 2011
Standfussiana benedeki Gyulai, 2021
Sympistis idioglypha Brandt, 1938
Synthymia dubiosa Brandt, 1938
Synthymia dubiosa Brandt, 1938
Thargelia attila Ronkay & Gyulai, 2006
Valeria wassalberti Gyulai, 2019
Valerietta forsteri Draudt, 1938
Victrix macrosema (Boursin, 1957)
Victrix sassanica Wiltshire, 1961
Wiltshireola disrupta (Wiltshire, 1952)
Xestia kecskerago Gyulai & Ronkay, 2006
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RAJAEI ET AL.: GENERAL PATTERNS OF IRANIAN LEPIDOPTERA
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Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Integrative-Systematics:-Stuttgart-Contributions-to-Natural-History on 18 May 2023
Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use
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Ϯϭ
Ϯϵ
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ϵ
ϭ
ϭ
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Ϯ
Ϯϴ
ϭ
Ϯϭ
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ϱϰ
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ϭ
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ϭ
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ϭϯ
ϱ
ϰ
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ϯ
ϭ
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ϭ
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ϯ
ϭϮ
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ϭ
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ͲͲ
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ϲ
ϭ
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ϱ
ϭϴ
ϯϯ
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ϭ
ϱϬ
ͲͲ
ϭϬ
Ϯ
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ϮϬ
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ϭ
ϳ
ϰ
Ϯϭ
Ϯϭ
ϭϰ
ϱϳ
ϱϰ
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ϭ
ϴ
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ϭ
ϭ
ŚŽ
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ϭ
ϳϮ
ϭ
ŚŽ
ϭϮϴ
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Ϯ
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ϭ
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ϰ
ϭ
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ϭϱ
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ϭ
Ϯϭ
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ϱ
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Ϯ
ϭϲ
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ϭ
ϭϬ
ϰ
Ϯϯ
ϯϵ
Ϯϯ
ϯϳ
ϯϯ
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ͲͲ
ϴ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ϭ
ϭϲ
ϱϳ
ϯ
ϰϱ
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ϰ
ϭϰϮ
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ϭ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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Ϯ
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ϭϬ
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ϯ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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ϭ
ϭ
ϭ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ϵ
ϭϳ
ϭ
ϭ
ϰ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϳ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϱ
ϯ
ϰϭ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϴ
ϭ
ϴ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϵ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ϱ
ϰ
Ϯϱ
Ϯϳ
Ϯϱ
ϭϰϭ
ϵϭ
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ϲ
ͲͲ
ϭ
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ϭϭ
ϴϲ
ϭ
ϵϴ
ϭ
ϵ
ϭϲϭ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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ϭ
ϭ
Ϯ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
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Ϯ
Ϯ
Ϯ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ͲͲ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ͲͲ
ϯ
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ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϯ
Ϯ
ϭϭ
Ϯϯ
ϭϴ
ϯ
ϯ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ͲͲ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ͲͲ
Ϯ
ϴ
ͲͲ
ϰ
ͲͲ
ϭ
ϵ
ϭϬϯ
ϰϲϮ
ϮϲϮ
ϲϲϭ
ϱϵϭ
ϴϮϳ
ϭϬϰ
/ůĂŵ
njĞƌďĂŝũĂŶͲĞ'ŚĂƌďŝ
Appendix 3. Numbers of recorded Lepidoptera species, per family, for each Iranian province.
ͲͲ
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Ϯ
ϭ
ϭ