List of true bug taxa described by Rauno E. Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

Petr Kment; Attilio Carapezza

Tyrophagus (Acari: Acaridae) are primarily fungivorous mites commonly found in stored food products and decaying organic matter. They are also associates of various insects, or inhabitants of vertebrate nests. They are the most abundant and economically important mites inhabiting stored food and products. Some Tyrophagus species are also facultatively phytophagous and can cause economic damage to plants, including both ornamental flowers and vegetables grown in greenhouses. In this contribution, Tyrophagus mites of New Zealand are comprehensively revised, along with species found in Australia and other Oceanian countries. This will assist identification and facilitate requests for rapid quarantine decisions from trading partners. Ten species, including two new species, are described and illustrated from New Zealand: Tyrophagus communis sp. n., T. curvipenis Fain & Fauvel, T. longior (Gervais), T. macfarlanei sp. n., T. neiswanderi Johnston & Bruce, T. putrescentiae (Schrank), T. robertsonae Lynch, T. savasi Lynch, T. similis Volgin, and T. vanheurni Oudemans. Seven species, including three new species, are described and illustrated from Australia and Oceanian countries: T. australasiae (Oudemans), T. javensis (Oudemans), T. pacificus sp. n., T. perniciosus Zakhvatkin, T. tropicus Robertson, T. womersleyi sp. n., and T. xenoductus sp. n. Identification keys to adult females and males are given, along with taxonomic references, hosts/ habitats and distribution data of each species. In addition to the descriptions of five new species, the following nomenclatural changes are made: Tyrophagus africanus Meyer & Rodrigues, 1966 syn. n. of Tyrophagus neiswanderi Johnston & Bruce, 1965; T. palmarum Oudemans sensu Robertson, 1959 syn. n. of T. vanheurni Oudemans (revived). The species concepts of T. putrescentiae (Schrank) and T. javensis (Oudemans) are clarified.

List of true bug taxa described by Rauno E. Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) Author(s): Petr Kment and Attilio Carapezza Source: Entomologica Americana, 122(4):528-621. Published By: The New York Entomological Society https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.4.528 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1664/1947-5144-122.4.528 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Entomologica Americana 122(4) [2016]: 528–621, 2017 LIST OF TRUE BUG TAXA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) PETR KMENT1 AND ATTILIO CARAPEZZA2 1 Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00 Praha 9 – Hornı́ Počernice, Czech Republic; e-mail: sigara@post.cz 2 University of Palermo; corresponding address: via Sandro Botticelli 15, 90144 Palermo, Italy; e-mail: attilio.carapezza@unipa.it Abstract—A list of 96 available genus-group taxa, 1459 available species-group taxa and 5 unavailable infrasubspeciﬁc taxa of Heteroptera described by Rauno E. Linnavuori is compiled. One new substitute name, Phytocoris (Eriamiris) rostriformis nom. nov., is proposed to replace the junior homonym Phytocoris rostratus Linnavuori, 2000b (Miridae). Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974a is recognized as an available name and senior objective synonym of Taylorilygus nairobiensis atricollis Linnavuori, 1975f, syn. nov. (Miridae). Lectotype of Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis is designated. Two new combinations are proposed: Chinavia amosi (Linnavuori, 1982) comb. nov. and Chinavia aequalis (Linnavuori, 1972) comb. nov. (both transferred from the genus Acrosternum Fieber, 1860) (Pentatomidae). Status of Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) othmanus Linnavuori, 1972 as synonym of Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) conspurcatus Klug, 1845 is conﬁrmed. Placement of Orthotylus problematicus Linnavuori, 1953b (Miridae) in the nominotypical subgenus Orthotylus Fieber, 1858 is conﬁrmed based on examination of male genitalia. Tuponia (Tuponia) luniensis Linnavuori, 1974c (Miridae) is placed in the nominotypical subgenus Tuponia Reuter, 1875. Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970 (¼Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri Reuter, 1901, misidentiﬁcation) is formally designated as type species of the subgenus Laemocorella Linnavuori, 1964 (Miridae), and Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993 (¼Aethus pallipennis Dallas, 1851, misidentiﬁcation) is formally designated as type species of the genus Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977 (Cydnidae), both by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Metacanthus linnavuorii Péricart, 1976 (Berytidae) is found to be an unavailable name. The type status (syntype / holotype / lectotype) and/or the ﬁrst publication of the name as available is clariﬁed for the following taxa: Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus Linnavuori, 1951b (Dipsocoridae), Hebrus (Hebrus) ilaira Cobben and Linnavuori, 1981 in Linnavuori (1981) (Hebridae), Aloea Linnavuori, 1975f, Bowdenella gloriosa Linnavuori, 1974e, Bowdenella hirtula Linnavuori, 1974e, Collaria nigra Linnavuori, 1974f, Horvathiella umbrina Linnavuori, 1974e, Oreolygus Linnavuori, 1975f, Orthotylus junipericolus frigidus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus junipericolus junipericolus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus maesae Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus rubidus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus viridipennis Linnavuori, 1974e, Paurolygus ciliaris Linnavuori, 1974e, Pilophorus erraticus Linnavuori, 1962e, Pleurochilophorus rubrinervis Linnavuori, 1974f, Psallus senjoensis Linnavuori, 1961f, Yambio Linnavuori, 1975f, Yambio chaetacme Linnavuori, 1974e, Yambio clavicornis Linnavuori, 1974e (all Miridae), Holotrichius nitidicollis Linnavuori, 1964a (Reduviidae), Myla abyssinia Linnavuori, 1971e, Myla graciloides Linnavuori, 1971e (Coreidae), Geocoris paradoxus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a (Geocoridae), Acrosternum aequale Linnavuori, 1972f, Acrosternum apicale Linnavuori, 1972f, Durmia circe Linnavuori, 1972 in Gillon (1972) (Pentatomidae), and Rhyparochromus rugulosus Linnavuori, 1954a (Rhyparochromidae). The exact dates of publication are corrected for the following taxa: Micracanthia imitator Linnavuori, 1952 (Saldidae), Sphinctothorax striatulus Linnavuori, 1973 (Miridae), Horvathiolus rhea Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Pylorgus alkithoe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994 (both Lygaeidae), Engistus exsanguis punctulatus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a (all Geocoridae), Dinomachus aksiokhe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Trinithignus manto Linnavuori and AlSafadi, 1994 (both Heterogastridae), Elasmolomus mahﬁd Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Emblethis angustus var. dubius Linnavuori, 1954a, Emblethis brachypterus Linnavuori, 1954a, Gonianotus angusticollis Linnavuori, 1954a, Rhyparochromus chiragra cyprius Linnavuori, 1954a, and Rhyparochromus rugulosus Linnavuori, 1954a (all Rhyparochromidae). Mandatory changes are made to correct the gender agreement of 50 species-group names in the genus Campylomma Reuter, 1878 and 34 species group-names in the genus Miyomma Puton, 1872 (both Miridae), as well as of Campyloneuropsis falcigera (Linnavuori, 1975), Darfuromma vulneratum Linnavuori, 1975, Hallodapus katanganus (Linnavuori, 1973), Leptopterna dentifera Linnavuori, 1970, Nesidiocoris montivagus (Linnavuori, 1975), Paloniella nigra (Linnavuori, 1975) (Miridae), Psilolomia amphrysius (Linnavuori, 1970) (Coreidae), 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 529 Durmia sallierdupini devia Linnavuori, 1982, Kayesia setigera Linnavuori, 1982 (Pentatomidae) and Pseudopachybrachius capicola (Stål, 1874) (Rhyparochromidae). Type depositories for many species described by R. Linnavuori himself or by other authors based on his collection are provided and corrected. Key words: Catalogue, nomenclature, new substitute name, new combination, new synonymy, correct original spelling, authorship, publication date, lectotype designation, type depository, Afrotropical Region, Palaearctic Region. INTRODUCTION During his long career, Rauno E. Linnavuori, born in 1927 (see Wilson et al., 2017), described an amazing number of 96 available generic names and 1459 available species-group names, and only ﬁve unavailable infrasubspeciﬁc taxa – Cyphodema hilare f. nigritula Linnavuori, 1961f (Miridae), Stirogaster fausti var. obtusangulus Linnavuori, 1964 (Reduviidae), Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a (Geocoridae), Emblethis angustus var. dubius Linnavuori, 1954a (Rhyparochromidae), and Bathycoelia thalassina f. nigromarginata Linnavuori, 1974f, the ﬁrst of which he later validated in species rank. The described taxa belong to 44 families of all the seven recognized infraorders (see Table 1), but most of the described taxa belong to the family Miridae (44 genus- and 778 species-group taxa), followed by Pentatomidae (27 genus- and 167 species-group taxa), Rhyparochromidae (1 genus, 75 speciesgroup taxa), Cydnidae (8 genus- and 60 speciesgroup taxa), Coreidae (6 genus- and 56 speciesgroup taxa), and Reduviidae (1 genus, 1 subgenus, and 50 species-group taxa). A vast majority of Linnavuori’s described taxa represents valid taxa, with only 14 genus-group and 83 species-group taxa being invalid as junior synonyms or junior homonyms. Considering the current estimate of 42,000 valid species of Heteroptera (see Henry, 2009), the 1376 valid species described by Linnavuori make 3.3% of the known true bug diversity and distinguish him as one of the most proliﬁc heteropterists in history. MATERIAL AND METHODS Here we present a list of all the genus- and species-group taxa described by R. E. Linnavuori. The list is divided systematically according to infraorders and families, with families listed alphabetically within each infraorder. Names of genus- and species-group taxa are listed alphabet- ically within each family in its original combination and original spelling; the subfamilies and tribes are omitted. Each of the taxa is accompanied by bibliographic reference to the appropriate original paper by Linnavuori according to his bibliography provided in this volume (see Kment and Wilson, 2017) and page of the original description. The genus-group taxa are further provided with citation of its type species, speciesgroup taxa with information on status of their name-bearing type (syntypes, holotype, lectotype including its designation), abbreviated type locality, as well as the depository of the type. In several instances, we found problems with the status of the original type material. Often, the issues were caused by original descriptions, including the designation of a holotype, that were preceded by other publications making the name available but without mentioning type material. As a holotype is deﬁned as ‘the single specimen upon which a new nominal species-group taxon is based in the original publication’ (ICZN, 1999: Article 73.1), in these cases, the ‘holotype’ must be considered the lectotype. The following two Articles of the Code may apply and must therefore be consulted in such cases (depending on circumstances) (ICZN, 1999): ‘74.5. Lectotype designations before 2000. In a lectotype designation made before 2000, either the term ‘lectotype’, or an exact translation or equivalent expression (e.g., ‘the type’), must have been used or the author must have unambiguously selected a particular syntype to act as the unique name-bearing type of the taxon. When the original work reveals that the taxon had been based on more than one specimen, a subsequent use of the term ‘holotype’ does not constitute a valid lectotype designation unless the author, when wrongly using that term, explicitly indicated that he or she was selecting from the type series that particular specimen to serve as the name-bearing type.’ 530 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Table 1. Vol. 122(4) Number of available genus-group and species-group taxa described by Rauno E. Linnavuori. Number of available Number of valid Number of invalid Family Genus-group names Species-group names Genus-group names Species-group names Genus-group names Species-group names Enicocephalidae Ceratocombidae Dipsocoridae Schizopteridae Gerridae Hebridae Hydrometridae Mesoveliidae Veliidae Aphelocheiridae Belostomatidae Corixidae Helotrephidae Micronectidae Naucoridae Nepidae Leptopodidae Saldidae Anthocoridae Miridae Nabidae Reduviidae Tingidae Alydidae Aradidae Artheneidae Berytidae Blissidae Coreidae Cydnidae Cymidae Geocoridae Heterogastridae Lygaeidae Oxycarenidae Pachygronthidae Pentatomidae Plataspidae Pyrrhocoridae Rhopalidae Rhyparochromidae Scutelleridae Stenocephalidae Tessaratomidae Total 1 1 2 1 44 2 1 6 8 1 1 27 1 96 1 4 3 6 14 15 3 2 31 1 1 3 3 6 5 4 3 1 2 778 2 50 44 6 2 1 2 1 56 60 4 25 7 23 10 1 167 24 2 5 75 2 2 2 1459 1 1 2 1 40 1 1 4 6 1 1 23 82 1 3 3 6 14 15 3 2 30 1 1 3 3 5 5 4 3 1 736 2 49 38 4 2 1 1 1 52 59 4 20 7 23 9 1 162 23 2 3 70 2 2 1376 4 1 2 2 4 1 14 1 1 1 1 1 42 1 6 2 1 4 1 5 1 5 1 2 5 2 83 ‘74.6. Fixation of lectotype by inference of ‘holotype’ or ‘the type’ before 2000. When it has been accepted that a nominal species-group taxon was based on a single specimen and the original description neither implies nor requires that there were syntypes, and if it is considered subsequently that the original description was based on more than one specimen, the ﬁrst author to have published before 2000 the assumption that the species-group taxon was 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Fig. 1. Examples of characteristic locality, type and identiﬁcation labels by Rauno E. Linnavuori: A. Calocoris roseomaculatus saucius Linnavuori, 1951, paratype (NMPC); B. Microplax carmini (Linnavuori, 1960), holotype (NMWC); C. Sphedanolestes annulatus Linnavuori, 1960, paratype (NMPC); D. Holotrichius nitidicollis Linnavuori, 1964, holotype (NMWC); E. Sciocoris kmenti Linnavuori, 2012, holotype (NMPC). based upon a single type specimen is deemed to have designated that specimen as the lectotype.’ Because there is a remarkable confusion with respect to the depository of some of the type specimens, such as type depositories not being mentioned in the original paper or being different than stated in the original paper, we always indicated the tranfers of the type placement by an arrow. When an intended type depository was stated in the original paper, but the type specimen was placed elsewhere later, such non-realized depository is given in square brackets. For example, RLRF [AMNH] NMWC indicates that type specimen from Linnavuori’s personal collection was originally assigned as ‘to be deposited in AMNH’ but later was deposited in NMWC instead; RLRF [NMWC] indicates that type specimen from Linnavuori’s personal collection was originally assigned as ‘to be 531 Fig. 2. Examples of characteristic locality, type and identiﬁcation labels by Rauno E. Linnavuori: A. Oreocapsus immundus Linnavuori, 1975, holotype (NMWC); B. Taylorilygus compactus Linnavuori, 1975, holotype (NMWC); C. Polytoxus ayunellus Linnavuori, 1986, holotype (NMWC); D. Rhynocoris harmonia Linnavuori, 1989, holotype (NMWC). deposited in NMWC’ but not yet delivered to NMWC. According to our survey, 49 type specimens are likely to be still in R. Linnavuori’s collection. We were informed that in recent times, Linnavuori expressed his desire that these specimens should also be deposited in NMWC in the future, together with the rest of his collection (M. Wilson, pers. comm.). Considering the great scientiﬁc value of this material for the entire community of heteropterologists, we believe fulﬁlling this wish is highly desirable. To aid in the recognition of additional type as well as non-type material identiﬁed by R. Linnavuori in museum collections, we provide here several images of his characteristic locality, type and identiﬁcation labels from various periods in his career (see Figs. 1 and 2). Curators should be aware that when one of species he had described was transferred to a different genus, he substituted the name-bearing label of the holotype with a new one, which reﬂected the new combination or status of the species (see Fig. 1B). 532 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Table 2. Neotypes designated by Rauno E. Linnavuori deposited in NMWC. Sthenarus leucochilus (Reuter, 1905): 8 (Miridae). Neotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF NMWC). Designated by Linnavuori (1993a: 250). Current status: Campylomma leucochilum (Reuter, 1905) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 250). Marshalliella unicolor Poppius, 1914: 79 (Miridae). Neotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Katanga, Lumumbashi (RLRF NMWC). Designated by Linnavuori (1993a: 185). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Moissonia importunitas (Distant, 1910) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 185). When reporting the type locality, the n-dash (–) is used to indicate that the specimen was collected between two places. For example, ‘El Merj– Gubba’ road means the road from El Merj to Gubba; ‘Ibba–Yambio’ means between Ibba and Yambio. When appropriate, all the changes concerning the status of a name or taxon (i.e., synonymy, homonymy, changes of rank and generic or subgeneric placement, gender agreement corrections and other mandatory changes) are listed as ‘Current status’ at the end of the entry and are accompanied by the reference proposing the change. References to authors other than Linnavuori are listed in Literature Cited section, as usual. When necessary, existing nomenclatural or other problems (e.g., incorrect type depositories) are explained as ‘Note(s)’ under the particular taxon. In addition to the list of taxa described by R. E. Linnavuori, we also provide a list of neotypes established by Linnavuori and deposited originally in his collection (Table 2), and a list of types of species-group taxa described by other authors based on Linnavuori’s collection (Table 3). HMIM HNHM KUEC MHNG MNHN MRAC MSNV MZHF MZLU MZUF NHMB NHMW NHRS NMPC NMWC PSPC RLRF RMNH SMNS USNM LIST AMNH BMNH EHIA OF TYPE DEPOSITORIES American Museum of Natural History, New York, N.Y., U.S.A.; Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Ernst Heiss Collection, Innsbruck, Austria; UZMT ZMAS ZMHB Vol. 122(4) Mirzayans Insect Museum, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (former Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute), Tehran, Iran; Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland; Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium; Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Verona, Italy; Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Museo Zoologico ‘La Specola’, Universita di Firenze, Firenze, Italy; Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland; Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria; Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic; National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom; Pavel Štys Collection, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic; Rauno Linnavuori Collection, Raisio, Finland; National Museum of Natural History (Naturalis), Leiden, the Netherlands; Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Suttgart, Germany; Smithsonian, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA; Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia; Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 533 Table 3. Types of species-group taxa described by other authors based on Linnavuori’s collection and currently deposited in AMNH or NMWC). Afrochila elongata Duarte Rodrigues, 1980b: 17 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Afrochila fasciata Duarte Rodrigues, 1980b: 18 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: [Kaduna State], Kagoro Forest (RLRF AMNH). Afrochila singularis Duarte Rodrigues, 1980b: 19 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Ikom–Obudu (RLRF AMNH). Agramma delicatulum Duarte Rodrigues, 1981a: 57 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Bossangoa–Bossembélé (RLRF AMNH). Agramma pseudostriolum Duarte Rodrigues, 1981a: 58 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, near Opobo (RLRF AMNH). Agraphopus saba Moulet, 2005 (Rhopalidae). Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, 12 km NM of Manakhah (RLRF NMWC). Amnestus raunoi J. A. Lis, 1998: 5 (Cydnidae). Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Sume’eh Sara (RLRF NMWC). Currents status: Junior subjective synonym of Amnestus pusillus Uhler, 1876 (synonymized by Mayorga Martı́nez et al., 2012: 67). Amphibolus linnavuorii Villiers, 1970: 39 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Arabia, Dhufar [¼Oman, Dhofar] (RLRF NMWC). Anacanthiocnemis linnavuorii Villiers, 1969: 100 (Reduviidae). Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba– Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Angolusa linnavuorii Duarte Rodrigues, 1978a: 304 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B. Pl. [¼Plateau] State, near Fuskam Mata (RLRF AMNH). Bako arabianus Duarte Rodrigues, 1987: 12 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Hasa (RLRF NMWC). Note: This taxon is missing in the Palaearctic catalogues by Péricart and Golub (1996) and Aukema et al. (2013). Bako linnavuorii Duarte Rodrigues, 1977: 76 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Benue State], Katsina Ala (RLRF AMNH). Bexiocoris linnavuorii Scudder, 1969a: 86 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Camptozorus linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1996: 117 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, near Kashmar (NMWC). Note: The depository of the holotype is cited as AMNH by Kerzhner (1996: 117), but as NMWC by Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 318). Cardiastethus convergens Péricart, 1986: 317 (Anthocoridae). Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Hasa (RLRF AMNH). Cleracarbus inamatus Scudder, 1969a: 90 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lalyo–Juba (RLRF AMNH). Cochlochila nigrinervis Duarte Rodrigues, 1979a: 24 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma raunoi Davidová-Vilı́mová and Štys, 1980: 97 (Plataspidae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Jaffa (RLRF NMWC). Cysteochila angustata Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 74 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Cross River State]: Ikom– Obudu (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila concava Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 88 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Ikom–Obudu (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila kagoroana Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 83 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N. C. [¼Kaduna] State, Kagoro Forest (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila mokwana Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 80 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NW [¼Niger] St., Mokwa (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila nigeriana Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 77 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila tonkouiana Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 71 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila triseriata Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 73 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Cysteochila tumida Duarte Rodrigues, 1981c: 81 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro Foro (RLRF AMNH). 534 Table 3. ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Vol. 122(4) Continued. Deganya linnavuorii Dispons, 1962a: 34 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Deganya (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pakesia linnavuorii Dispons, 1962 (see Linnavuori, 1976b: 132). Dieuches linnavuorii Eyles, 1973: 235 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Tambura–Wau (RLRF AMNH). Dieuches planus Eyles, 1973: 307 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Dieuches subcoxalis Eyles, 1973: 376 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Dulinius inflatus Duarte Rodrigues, 1979a: 2 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Gombe State], near Kaltungo (RLRF AMNH). Dulinius maculatus Duarte Rodrigues, 1979b: 4 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: near Touba (RLRF AMNH). Elatophilus hebraicus Péricart, 1967: 57 (Anthocoridae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Jerusalem (RLRF AMNH). Galotingis rugosa Duarte Rodrigues, 1980b: 13 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). Geocoris (Piocoris) linnavuorii Péricart, 1994: 102 (Geocoridae). Holotype: ?, Israel: S. Distr., near ’Arad (RLRF NMWC). Gitava distincta Duarte Rodrigues, 1986: 126 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: W St. [¼Ondo State], Idanre (RLRF AMNH). Gonycentrum chadense Duarte Rodrigues, 1978b: 13 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Chad: Bebedja (RLRF AMNH). Haedus dissimilis Duarte Rodrigues, 1981b: 306 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: near Touba (RLRF AMNH). Haedus elegantissimus Duarte Rodrigues, 1981b: 311 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Mt. Niangbo (RLRF AMNH). Haedus linnavuorii Duarte Rodrigues, 1986: 128 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: W. St. [¼Ondo State], Idanre (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus (Hebrus) soudani Poisson, 1964: 216 (Naucoridae). Holotype: /, Sudan: Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Heleocoris linnavuorii Poisson, 1964: 214 (Naucoridae). Holotype: /, Sudan: Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Hemiophthalmocoris minor Gorczyca, 2000: 105 (Miridae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Man (RLRF NMWC). Henschiella linnavuorii Villiers, 1968a: 156 (Enicocephalidae). Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Henschiella (Trarza) sudanica Villiers, 1968a: 157 (Enicocephalidae). Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Ed Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Holotrichius bodenheimeri Dispons, 1962b: 37 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Tel Aviv (RLRF NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 167), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Holotrichius loricatus Dispons, 1962b: 37 (Reduviidae). Holotypus: / (micropterous), Israel: Jerusalem (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Holotrichius rotundatus Stål, 1874 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1973h: 42). Note: Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 167) report that syntypes of this species are deposited in AMNH, but in Dispons (1962b) there is no evidence that the description was based on more than one specimen and Linnavuori (1973h) mentions a single type. Besides the taxon is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Hoplitocoris brevicornis Villiers, 1968a: 158 (Enicocephalidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Hoplitocoris linnavuorii Villiers, 1968a: 157 (Enicocephalidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Isometopus carinifrons Akingbohungbe, 2006: 28 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, 12 km NW Manakhah (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Isometopus (Jehania) carinifrons Akingbohungbe, 2006. Isometopus (Jehania) quadrivittatus Akingbohungbe, 2003: 2854 (Miridae). Holotype: /, Yemen: Mahwit Wadi Sara S of Al Mahwit (RLRF NMWC). Isometopus vanharteni Akingbohungbe, 2006: 30 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, 12 km NW Manakhah (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Isometopus (Isometopus) vanharteni (cf. Akingbohungbe, 2006: 32). Isometopus (Jehania) yemenensis Akingbohungbe, 2003: 2857 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Yemen: Lahij Anad (RLRF NMWC). Katanga linnavuorii Villiers, 1968b: 163 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta Forest (RLRF AMNH). 2017 Table 3. HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 535 Continued. Katanga sudanica Villiers, 1968b: 164 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Lasiacantha linnavuorii Duarte Rodrigues, 1981a: 52 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Plateau State], Gangare Kibo [¼Gengere Kibo] (RLRF AMNH). Lestomerus niloticus Villiers, 1969: 99 (Reduviidae). Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Mafa testacea Duarte Rodrigues, 1977: 79 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Mt. Niangbo (RLRF AMNH). Microcleptocoris depressus Villiers, 1968b: 166 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Microtelocerus linnavuorii Dolling, 1979b: 100 (Coreidae). Holotype: /, Egypt: Sinai, Gebel Serbâl (RLRF NMWC). Mizaldus linnavuorii Slater, 1995: 414 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (AMNH). Myiomma maculata Akingbohungbe, 2003: 2852 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Myiomma maculatum Akingbohungbe, 2003, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 5). Myiomma nigricollis Akingbohungbe, 2006: 32 (Miridae). Holotype: /, Yemen: Hadhramaut, Ghail Ba Wazir (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Miyomma nigricolle Akingbohungbe, 2006, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 5). Naochila aristata Duarte Rodrigues, 1979a: 27 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: near Abengourou (RLRF AMNH). Neoambonea yotvata Schuh, 1989: 9 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Yotvata (AMNH). Oncocephalus aspericollis var. decolor Dispons, 1962a: 28 (Reduviidae). Holotypus: ?, Israel: Mishmar, Haemek (RLRF NMWC). Note: This taxon was explicitely described as infrasubspecific (variety) after 1960 and therefore it is an unavailable name (cf. ICZN, 1999: Article 15.2). The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH? by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 167), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Oncocephalus aspericollis var. ornatellus Dispons, 1962a: 28 (Reduviidae). Syntype: 1 ?, Israel: Rehovot (RLRF NMWC). Notes: This taxon was explicitely described as infrasubspecific (variety) after 1960 and therefore it is an unavailable name (cf. ICZN, 1999: Article 15.2). The depository of syntype is cited as AMNH? by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 167), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). The variety was described upon three males collected in three different localities in Israel; only one syntype is preserved in NMWC. The depository of the other two is unknown. Oncocephalus fasciatellus Dispons, 1962a: 31 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Yotvata (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Oncocephalus obsoletus Klug, 1830 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1986c: 110). Oncocephalus obsoletus imperfectus Dispons, 1962a: 30 (Reduviidae). Holotypus: ?, Israel (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Oncocephalus ocularis Horváth, 1898 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1986c: 109). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 215), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Oncocephalus pennatulus Dispons, 1962a: 32 (Reduviidae). Holotypus: /, Israel: Lake Tiberias (RLRF NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 216), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Paloniella nodifrons Akingbohungbe, 2003: 2859 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Kiriao (RLRF NMWC). Paloniella ovata Akingbohungbe, 2006: 35 (Miridae). Holotype: /, Yemen: Sana’a, 12 km NW Manakhah (RLRF NMWC). Paramphibolus linnavuorii Villiers, 1968b: 161 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Perissonemia stricta Duarte Rodrigues, 1979c: 4 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba State], Gembu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Paraleptoypha stricta Duarte Rodrigues, 1979 (see Duarte Rodrigues, 1987: 108). Peritropis linnavuorii Gorczyca, 2000: 124 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Ailet (RLRF NMWC). Pilophorus linnavuorii Schuh, 1989: 13 (Miridae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: Ife (AMNH). 536 Table 3. ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Vol. 122(4) Continued. Plerochila nigeriana Duarte Rodrigues, 1978a: 306 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Putoniola arabica Dispons, 1966: 101 (Reduviidae). Holotypus: ?, Yemen: Aden, Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 170), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Raunotingis linnavuorii Duarte Rodrigues, 1980b: 15 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Benin: near Kokoro (RLRF AMNH). Rhagovelia linnavuorii de Sallier Dupin, 1979: 30. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Cameroon: near Victoria (RLRF AMNH) Rhaphidosoma ghazalensis Villiers, 1969: 97 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Godatair (RLRF AMNH). Rhinocoris linnavuorii Villiers, 1969: 94 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Rhynocoris linnavuorii Villiers, 1969 (see Maldonado Capriles, 1990: 283). Salaciola carayoni Slater, 1986: 248 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Nigeria: R. St. [¼Rivers State], Ebubu near Bori (AMNH). Salaciola conica Slater, 1986: 252 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: /, Nigeria: R. St. [¼Rivers State], near Mbiana (AMNH). Salaciola dolichocephala Slater, 1989: 200 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Mt. Adiopodoume (AMNH). Salaciola gracilis Slater, 1989: 200 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Abong-Mbang–Ayos (AMNH). Salaciola linnavuorii Slater, 1986: 249 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (AMNH). Salaciola pusilla Slater, 1989: 206 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (AMNH). Salaciola raija Slater, 1989: 206. Holotype: /, Central African Republic: Bossangoa Bossem-Bele (AMNH). Salaciola scudderi Slater, 1989: 207 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Mt. Adiopodoume (AMNH). Salaciola stigmatocoris Slater, 1989: 209 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Chad: Bebedja (AMNH). Salaciola tersa Slater, 1989: 210 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (AMNH). Sphedanolestes alboniger Villiers, 1969: 97 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Aloma Plateau, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Sphedanolestes meinanderi Villiers, 1969: 96 (Reduviidae). Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Stygnocoris hellenicus Péricart, 1996: 348 (Rhyparochromidae). Holotype: ?, Greece: Peloponnesus, Kehries, near Corinthe (RLRF NMWC). Stygnocorisella linnavuorii Scudder, 1969a: 82 (Tingidae). Holotype: /, Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu, Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Tingis (Tropidocheila) linnavuorii Péricart, 1984: 57 (Tingidae). Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: near Najran (RLRF AMNH). Tribelocephala albomaculata Villiers, 1968b: 169 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Tribelocephala darfurensis Villiers, 1968b: 167 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, N. Jebel Marra, Kurra (RLRF AMNH). Tribelocephala linnavuorii Villiers, 1968b: 168 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Tambura–Wau (RLRF AMNH). Tribelocephala sudanensis Villiers, 1968b: 169 (Reduviidae). Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Vuorilinna carayoni Štys, 1986: 258 (Enicocephalidae). Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: S., near Athnen (RLRF NMWC). Xylocoris (Xylocoris) eremius Péricart, 1974: 255 (Anthocoridae). Holotype: ?, Israel: Hagoshrim (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI LIST OF TAXA INFRAORDER ENICOCEPHALOMORPHA STICHEL, 1955 FAMILY ENICOCEPHALIDAE STÅL, 1860 Systelloderes utukhengal Linnavuori, 1984: 19. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF). Current status: Utukhengal utukhengal (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Štys, 2002: 324). INFRAORDER DIPSOCOROMORPHA MIYAMOTO, 1961 FAMILY CERATOCOMBIDAE FIEBER, 1860 Ceratocombus jordani Linnavuori, 1951b: 94. Holotype: /, Germany: Oberlausitz, Kauppa (coll. Jordan, Bautzen ZMHB (B. Klausnitzer, pers. comm.)). Junior subjective synonym of Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) brevipennis Poppius, 1910 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1974: 73). Ceratocombus (?Xylonannus) monticolus Linnavuori, 1974b: 119. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Suluta (RLRF AMNH). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective monticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun monticola, meaning inhabitant of mountains; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Muatianvuaia aureate Linnavuori, 1974b: 120. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Trichotonannus delamarei ibba Linnavuori, 1974b: 119. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba–Yambio (RLRF). FAMILY DIPSOCORIDAE DOHRN, 1859 Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus Linnavuori, 1951b: 102. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Turkey, Smyrna [¼Izmir] (UZMT). Current status: Alpagut castaneovitreus (Linnavuori, 1951) (see Péricart, 2010: 286; Fent et al., 2011: 9–10). Note: The species was described according to two syntypes (1 ? 1 /). However, Kerzhner (1995: 9) cited a holotype (?). As Kerzhner’s (1995) action does not fulﬁl requirements of the Articles 74.5 (the choice of the ‘holotype’ as name-bearing type was not explicit) and 74.6 (the taxon was clearly described according to two specimens) of the ICZN (1999) his action does not constitute valid lectotype designation. 537 Cryptostemma titan Linnavuori, 1974b: 120. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Cryptostemma (Pachycoleus) utnapishtim Linnavuori, 1984: 19. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pachycoleus utnapishtim (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Pluot-Sigwalt and Péricart, 2003: 130). Harpago Linnavuori, 1951b: 102 (subgenus of Cryptosetmma Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835). Type species: Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus Linnavuori, 1951b, by monotypy. Current status: Junior homonym of Harpago Mörch, 1852 (Mollusca: Gastropoda); replaced by new substitute name Alpagut Kıyak, 1995 (see Kıyak, 1995: 16; Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2009: 81; Péricart, 2010: 286; Fent et al., 2011: 9–10; Aukema et al., 2013: 2), upgraded to generic rank by PluotSigwalt and Péricart (2003: 130). FAMILY SCHIZOPTERIDAE REUTER, 1891 Dundonannus crassistylus Linnavuori, 1974b: 120. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Humpatannannus regalis Linnavuori, 1974b: 121. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, near Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Luachimonannus (?) alpinus Linnavuori, 1974b: 121. Holotype: / (brachypterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Imatong Mts., near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Luachimonannus zande Linnavuori, 1974b: 121. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Lotukonannus Linnavuori, 1974b: 122. Type species: Lotukonannus areolatus Linnavuori, 1974, original designation. Lotukonannus areolatus Linnavuori, 1974b: 121. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF). Pinochius nitidicollis Linnavuori, 1966b: 264. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Giza (RLRF NMWC). Note: Type depository was listed as AMNH by Kerzhner (1995: 12), but it is not listed in the online register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). INFRAORDER GERROMORPHA POPOV, 1971 FAMILY GERRIDAE LEACH, 1815 Cylindrostethus quadrivittatus kumbanus Linnavuori, 1981: 13. Holotype: / (apterous), Came- 538 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA roon: Cameroon Highlands, Kumba–Mamfé (RLRF NMWC). Cylindrostethus quadrivittatus muyukanus Linnavuori, 1981: 13. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Muyuke, Victoria (RLRF NMWC). Eurymetra natalensis fallaciosa Linnavuori, 1981: 15. Holotype: ? (apterous), Togo: near Agbaudi (RLRF AMNH). Eurymetropsis umbrina Linnavuori, 1981: 16. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Mt. Cameroon, Buea (RLRF AMNH). Gerris (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998a: 17: Holotype: / (micropterous), Iraq: Al Kabaish (NMWC). Halobates melleus Linnavuori, 1971b: 360. Holotype: ? (apterous), Sudan: Kassala, Mersa Halaib (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Halobates (Halobates) melleus Linnavuori, 1971 (see Andersen, 1995: 111). Hynesionella cobbeni Linnavuori, 1975g: 46. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Naboandelus bandama Linnavuori, 1981: 18. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Lamto, the Bandama (RLRF AMNH). Naboandelus bergevini bouakeanus Linnavuori, 1975g: 45. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF AMNH). Naboandelus bergevini pygmaea Linnavuori, 1971b: 360. Holotype: ? (apterous), Sudan: Lake Keilak (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Naboandelus bergevini pygmaeus Linnavuori, 1971 (see Kment and Kolı́nová, 2013: 869). Naboandelus dentipes Linnavuori, 1981: 21. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF NMWC). Naboandelus patrizii danae Linnavuori, 1981: 13. Holotype: / (apterous), Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Naboandelus patrizii migrans Linnavuori, 1971b: 361. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Khartoum (RLRF AMNH). Naboandelus umuahia Linnavuori, 1981: 20. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Nigeria: ES [¼Abia] State, Umuahia CRIN (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY HEBRIDAE AMYOT AND SERVILLE, 1843 Hebrus (Timasielloidea) antinous Linnavuori, 1981: 34. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus (Hebrus) aristomides Linnavuori, 1981: 33. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), Nigeria: SE Vol. 122(4) [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Hebrus arkhippe Cobben and Linnavuori, 1983: 85. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF NMWC). Hebrus (Hebrus) bertrandi katsinus Linnavuori, 1981: 29. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Nigeria: Benue State, Katsina Ala–Hundu (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus (Hebrus) bertrandi villosus Linnavuori, 1981: 29. Holotype: / (macropterous), Cameroon: Mt. Cameroon, near Buea (RLRF NMWC). Hebrus (Hebrus) gembuanus Linnavuori, 1981: 34. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), Nigeria: NE [¼Taraba] State, GembuYelwa (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus ifellus Linnavuori, 1973d: 74. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Hebrus (Hebrus) ifellus Linnavuori, 1973 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 32). Note: In the original description there is multiple original spelling of the speciﬁc name of this species – Hebrus ifellus occurs three times in the abstract (p. 70) and the original description (p. 74) while H. ifensis occurs once in legend to the ﬁgures on page 75. Linnavuori (1981: 33–34) uses only the variant H. ifellus, which could be considered as ﬁxation of the correct original spelling by the action of the ﬁrst revising author (ICZN, 1999: Article 24.2). Hebrus (Hebrus) ilaira Cobben and Linnavuori, 1981 in Linnavuori (1981: 30). Lectotype (designated by Cobben and Linnavuori, 1983: 84, as holotype): ? (macropterous), Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF AMNH). Notes: The intended original description by Cobben and Linnavuori (1983: 84) was preceded by Linnavuori (1981: 30) who listed ‘H. (s. str.) ilaira Cobben & Linnavuori (in press)’ accompanied by differential diagnosis and listing material examined from Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Chad, as well as mentioning ‘previously known from the Ivory Coast’. This mention fulﬁls the requirement to establish H. ilaira as an available name with both Cobben and Linnavuori as its authors responsible for the description, and all the studied specimens (including those from Ivory Coast) to be considered as syntypes. We consider the 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI holotype designation by Cobben and Linnavuori (1983: 84) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘holotype’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Hebrus (Hebrus) kheiron Linnavuori, 1981: 30. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Nigeria: W [¼Osun] State, Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus (Timasielloidea) longicornis Linnavuori, 1981: 34. Holotype: / (macropterous), Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Range (RLRF AMNH). Hebrus obscurus Cobben and Linnavuori, 1983: 85. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF). Hebrus (Hebrus) pusillus arabicus Linnavuori, 1971b: 364. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Yemen: near Lahej, Wadi Kebir (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC, see Kment et al., 2016: 216). Hebrus saxatilis Linnavuori, 1971b: 364. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo, Imatong (RLRF NMWC). Hebrus soudani campestris Linnavuori, 1971b: 365. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hebrus (Hebrus) campestris Linnavuori, 1971, raised to species rank by Linnavuori (1981: 31). Hebrus thymoma Cobben and Linnavuori, 1983: 83. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Ivory Coast: Grand Bassan (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hebrus (Hebrus) thymoma Cobben and Linnavuori, 1983 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 30). Note: Linnavuori (1981: 30) mentioned ‘H. (s. str.) thymoma Cobben & Linnavuori (in press)’ but as he mentioned no distinguishing character that mention does not constitute establishment of an available name, merely a nomen nudum. FAMILY HYDROMETRIDAE BILLBERG, 1820 Hydrometra juba Linnavuori, 1971b: 365. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Hydrometra moneta Linnavuori, 1981: 24. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Hydrometra monoceros Linnavuori, 1986c: 41. Holotype: / (brachypterous), Saudi Arabia: Al Qatif (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). FAMILY MESOVELIIDAE DOUGLAS 1867 539 AND SCOTT, Mesovelia dentiventris Linnavuori, 1971b: 364. Holotype: ? (apterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Mesovelia dentiventris dentiventris Linnavuori, 1971 (see Linnavuori, 1975g: 52). Mesovelia dentiventris mollis Linnavuori, 1975g: 52. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY VELIIDAE BRULLÉ, 1836 Hebrovelia carayoni Linnavuori, 1975g: 54. Holotype: ? (micropterous), Central African Republic: Boukoko, Bébé cave (MNHN). Mangrovelia Linnavuori, 1977c: 59. Type species: Mangrovelia artinos Linnavuori, 1977, original designation. Mangrovelia artinos Linnavuori, 1977c: 59. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF NMWC). Microvelia arabica praetermissa Linnavuori, 1971b: 362. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Microvelia ayos Linnavuori, 1977c: 46. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Abong-Mbang–Ayos (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Microvelia (Microvelia) ayos Linnavuori, 1977 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 27). Microvelia bossangoa Linnavuori, 1977c: 47. Holotype: ? (apterous), Central African Republic: Bossangoa–Bossembélé (RLRF AMNH). Microvelia carinata Linnavuori, 1977c: 48. Holotype: ? (apterous), Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Microvelia (Microvelia) carinata Linnavuori, 1977 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 27). Microvelia fosoana Linnavuori, 1977c: 45. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ghana: Foso (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Microvelia (Microvelia) fosoana Linnavuori, 1977 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 27). Microvelia kipopoella Linnavuori, 1973d: 73. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kipopo (MZHF AMNH). Microvelia lobata Linnavuori, 1971b: 362. Holotype: ? (apterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF). Microvelia lokaensis Linnavuori, 1971b: 362. Holotype: ? (apterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). 540 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Microvelia major wondoensis Linnavuori, 1971b: 362. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ethiopia: Shashamamanni, Wondo cloud forest (RLRF). Microvelia mbanga Linnavuori, 1977c: 45. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Abong-Mbang– Ayos (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Microvelia (Microvelia) mbanga Linnavuori, 1977 (see Linnavuori, 1981: 27). Microvelia (Rastellovelia) niangbo Linnavuori, 1977c: 49. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Niangbo (RLRF). Microvelia perexigua Linnavuori, 1960c: 54. Holotype: ? (apterous), Israel: Gvuloth (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Microvelia (Picaultia) macani Brown, 1953 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1986c: 38; see also Andersen and Weir, 2003: 339). Microvelia (Trichovelia) pilipes Linnavuori, 1975g: 48. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF). Current status: Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) pilipes (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1977c: 54). Microvelia (Trichovelia) troilos Linnavuori, 1975g: 50. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Bouaké (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) troilos (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1977c: 54). Microvelia tshingandana Linnavuori and Weber, 1974: 331. Holotype: ? (apterous), Central African Republic: Western slope of the Kahuzi mountain (RLRF AMNH). Millotella fontinalis Linnavuori, 1977c: 50. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Mt. Cameroon, Musake Spring (RLRF AMNH). Millotella mambilla Linnavuori, 1977c: 50. Holotype: ? (apterous), Nigeria: NE [¼Taraba] State, Mambilla Plateau, Gembu–Yelwa (RLRF NMWC). Millotella tricuspidata Linnavuori, 1977c: 50. Holotype: ? (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Imatong Mts., Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) brevicornis Linnavuori, 1977c: 55. Holotype: / (apterous), Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Ikom–Obudu (RLRF NMWC). Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) breviloba Linnavuori, 1977c: 56. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ghana: Wenchi road 37 mi N of Kumasi (RLRF NMWC). Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) curtipes Linnavuori, 1977c: 55. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ghana: near Foso (RLRF NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Pseudovelia (Pseudovelia) dahli alticola Linnavuori, 1977c: 52. Holotype: ? (apterous), Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Pseudovelia (Pseudovelia) dahli frigida Linnavuori, 1977c: 53. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ghana: near Foso (RLRF AMNH). Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) pseudomajor Linnavuori, 1977c: 56. Holotype: ? (apterous), Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). Pseudovelia (Trichovelia) tonkouiana Linnavuori, 1977c: 54. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Tonkuivelia Linnavuori, 1977c: 43. Type species: Tonkuivelia polybos Linnavuori, 1977, original designation. Tonkuivelia polybos Linnavuori, 1977c: 44. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). Xiphoveloidea major obuduensis Linnavuori, 1977c: 58. Holotype: ? (apterous), Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Xiphoveloidea major tuberculata Linnavuori, 1977c: 59. Holotype: ? (apterous), Cameroon: Bota (RLRF AMNH). Xiphoveloidea pilosa Linnavuori, 1977c: 57. Holotype: ? (apterous), Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF AMNH). INFRAORDER NEPOMORHA POPOV, 1968 FAMILY APHELOCHEIRIDAE FIEBER, 1851 Aphelocheirus kumbanus Linnavuori, 1975c: 91. Holotype: / (macropterous), Cameroon: Cameroon Highlands, Kumba (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) kumbanus Linnavuori, 1975 (cf. D. A. Polhemus and J. T. Polhemus, 1989). FAMILY BELOSTOMATIDAE LEACH, 1815 Sphaerodema urinator sudanensis Linnavuori, 1971b: 356. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Malakal (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY CORIXIDAE LEACH, 1815 Corixa frigidae Linnavuori, 1971b: 349. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Debra Berhan (RLRF). Corixa monticola Linnavuori, 1971b: 349. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Sululta (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Sigara sexlineata limpida Linnavuori, 1971b: 349. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Lake Faramaia (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sigara (Tropocorixa) sexlineata limpida Linnavuori, 1971 (see Jansson, 1995: 55). FAMILY HELOTREPHIDAE ESAKI 1927 AND CHINA, Esakiella buea Linnavuori, 1981: 5. Holotype: /, Cameroon: Mt. Cameroon, Buea (RLRF NMWC). Esakiella rivularis Linnavuori, 1971b: 349. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Esakiella wenchiana Linnavuori, 1981: 5. Holotype: ?, Ghana: Wenchi road 37 miles N of Kumasi (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY MICRONECTIDAE JACZEWSKI, 1924 Micronecta bebedjana Linnavuori, 1981: 3. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Chad: Bebedja (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Micronecta (Micronecta) bebedjana Linnavuori, 1981 (Nieser and Chen, pers. comm.). Micronecta dimakoana Linnavuori, 1981: 2. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Cameroon: Dimako (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Micronecta (Micronecta) dimakoana Linnavuori, 1981 (Nieser and Chen, pers. comm.). Micronecta jenkinae maculiceps Linnavuori, 1971b: 345. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Micronecta (Micronecta) jenkinae maculiceps Linnavuori, 1981 (Nieser and Chen, pers. comm.). Micronecta opaca Linnavuori, 1971b: 345. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit (RLRF). Current status: Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) opaca Linnavuori, 1971 (Nieser and Chen, pers. comm.). Micronecta wagneri Linnavuori, 1951a: 52. Holotype: ?, Finland: Tuulos (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Micronecta (Micronecta) minutissima (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonymized by Wróblewski, 1958: 270). Note: Linnavuori (1951a) cited the type material as follows: ‘Finds: EH: Tuulos 16 VIII. 1948 (R. L.) and Hattula (Wegelius). The type in my collection. The paratypes ebenda and in the collection of the Finnish University in Turku.’ 541 The information about holotype was speciﬁed by Jansson (1995: 33). Micronecta wau Linnavuori, 1971b: 344. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) wau Linnavuori, 1971 (Nieser and Chen, pers. comm.). FAMILY NAUCORIDAE LEACH, 1815 Heleocoris linnavuorii amaricus Linnavuori, 1971b: 354. Holotype: ?, Eritrea (RLRF AMNH). Laccocoris angustus Linnavuori, 1987b: 482. Holotype: ?, Zambia: Abercorn [¼Mbala] (MZLU). Laccocoris omoensis Linnavuori, 1971b: 354. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: River Omo (RLRF NMWC). Naucoris (Naucorisella) ciliatistylus Linnavuori, 1971b: 353. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Neomacrocoris poissoni Linnavuori, 1971b: 355. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY NEPIDAE LATREILLE, 1802 Laccotrephes erakhtheus Linnavuori, 1971c: 58. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Keren–Asmara (RLRF NMWC). Laccotrephes hyperion Linnavuori, 1971c: 59. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Laccotrephes keilak Linnavuori, 1971b: 358. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Lake Keilak (RLRF AMNH). Laccotrephes niala Linnavuori, 1981: 10. Holotype: ?, Chad: Bahr Niala near Balikoundou (RLRF AMNH). INFRAORDER LEPTOPODOMORPHA POPOV, 1971 FAMILY LEPTOPODIDAE BRULLÉ, 1836 Lahima Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002b: 321. Type species: Lahima hero Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002, original designation. Lahima hero Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002b: 323. Holotype: /, Yemen: Al Lahima (RLRF NMWC). Patapius (Pseudopatapius) corticalis Linnavuori, 1974b: 136. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el 542 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Ghazal, River Malmul–Tonj (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Patapius (Patapius) corticalis Linnavuori, 1974 (see J. T. Polhemus, 1981: 605). Patapius (Patapius) integerrimus Linnavuori, 1974b: 135. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Kosti (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Patapius (Patapius) integerrimus Linnavuori, 1974 (see J. T. Polhemus, 1981: 605). FAMILY SALDIDAE AMYOT AND SERVILLE, 1843 Micracanthia imitator Linnavuori, 1952a: 156. Syntypes: ?/, Germany: Insel Amrum, Holstein Wermbech (RLRF AMNH [erroneously as holotype]). Junior subjective synonym of Micracanthia marginalis (Fallén, 1807) (synonymized by Cobben, 1959: 311). Note: The volume 17(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 19, 1952 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1951 as supposed previously (cf. Lindskog, 1995: 125). INFRAORDER CIMICOMORPHA LESTON, PENDERGRAST AND SOUTHWOOD, 1954 FAMILY ANTHOCORIDAE FIEBER, 1836 Anthocoris pilosus tschuensis Linnavuori, 1961e: 86. Holotype: ?, Kyrgyzstan: Fl. Tschu [¼Chu river] (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Anthocoris simillimus Poppius, 1909 (synonymized by Péricart, 1972: 144 with Anthocoris sibiricus Reuter, 1875; Elov, 1976: 376 with A. simillimus). Note: Péricart (1996) erroneously listed holotype to be deposited in UZMT. Orius (Orius) ﬂagellum Linnavuori, 1968b: 200. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Jebel Jihaf (BMNH). Note: Péricart (1996) erroneously listed holotype to be deposited in AMNH. FAMILY MIRIDAE HAHN, 1833 Acratheus ocellaris Linnavuori, 1994e: 8. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Nasarawa State], WambaLaﬁa (RLRF NMWC). Acrorrhinium atricorne Linnavuori, 2006: 235. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Tang-e-Bostanak (RLRF NMWC). Acrorrhinium elegans Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993a: 171. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, near Maifa’ah (RLRF NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Acrorrhinium gracile Linnavuori, 2004a: 7. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Kuhestak (RLRF NMWC). Acrorrhinium minutissimus [sic!] Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993a: 172. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, 20 km S of Hais (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Acrorrhinium minutissimum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 287). Acrotelus abbaricus Linnavuori, 2010: 373. Holotype: ?, Iran: Zanjan, Abbar (RLRF NMWC). Acrotelus tristis Linnavuori, 1965d: 266. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Aeolocoris curtulus Linnavuori, 1975f: 66. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF AMNH). Aeolocoris decarinatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 66. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Aeolocoris nigrinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 67. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Bibundiella nigrina (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 27). Aeolocoris pusillimus Linnavuori, 1975f: 67. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, near Talodi (RLRF AMNH). Aeolocoris ruﬁpennis Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 187. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Maifa’ah (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Afroderaeus Linnavuori, 1975f: 8 (subgenus of Deraeocoris Kirschbaum, 1856). Type species: Deraeocoris inﬂaticeps Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Alloeomimus hilaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 72. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Khartoum (RLRF AMNH). Alloeomimus pilosus Linnavuori, 1984: 38. Holotype: /, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah, near Penjwin (RLRF AMNH). Alloeomimus salmakis Linnavuori, 1996: 47. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Bobo Dioulasso (RLRF AMNH). Aloea Linnavuori, 1975f: 61. Type species: Aloea cunealis Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Notes: The name Aloea appeared ﬁrst in the paper of Linnavuori (1973d: 85) describing one new species, A. iadmon Linnavuori, 1973. In that paper the genus was treated as already described and including ﬁve more species-group taxa: A. cunealis Lv., A. cunealis persimilis Lv., 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI A. nigritula Lv., A. planiceps Lv. and A. callosa Lv. (Linnavuori, 1973d: 85). From this it is certain that Linnavuori (1973d; published on July 30, 1973 – see Kment and Wilson, 2017) was referring to the manuscript of the paper of Linnavuori (1975f) which was however not published until March 25, 1975 (see Kment and Wilson, 2017). This mention of Aloea in Linnavuori (1973d) did not fulﬁl the requirements of the Articles 13.1 (lack of description or differential diagnosis), 13.3 (type species not ﬁxed) and 13.4 (the genus is not mentioned as new) (ICZN, 1999) and therefore did not make it available. Schuh (1974: 14, 16, 196–197) described additional two new species, A. australis Schuh, 1974 and A. samueli Schuh, 1974. He attributed the genus Aloea to Linnavuori (in press) and despite he provided diagnosis of the genus and included it in a key, Schuh (1974) did not mark the genus as new nor established its type species therefore the name cannot be available from that paper. The genus Aloea was validly described only by Linnavuori (1975f). According to Neave (2015) there is an existing homonymy between Aloea Linnavuori, 1975 and Aloea Sacco, 1886 (Mollusca). However, Aloea Sacco, 1886 is not an available name, merely an incorrect subsequent spelling of Alaea Jeffreys, 1830 (cf. Sacco, 1886: 197) therefore no homonymy is involved. Aloea callosa Linnavuori, 1975f: 62. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Aloea cunealis Linnavuori, 1975f: 61. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Hargeisa (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aloea cunealis cunealis Linnavuori, 1975. Aloea cunealis persimilis Linnavuori, 1975f: 62. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF NMWC). Aloea iadmon Linnavuori, 1973d: 85. Holotype: / , Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF NMWC). Note: In the paper by Linnavuori (1973d), when describing A. iadmon, the genus Aloea did not meet criteria of availability and has not been validly established until Linnavuori (1975f) (see above Notes under the genus Aloea). According to the ICZN (1999: Article 11.9.3) ‘a speciesgroup name must be published in unambiguous combination with a generic name (either explic- 543 it, or implicit by context)’. However, ‘the generic name need not be valid or even available’ (ICZN, 1999: Article 11.9.3.1) therefore the circumstances of its description have no inﬂuence on availability of the species from its original description. Aloea nigritula Linnavuori, 1975f: 62. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Kaulat-el-Asakeir near Sana’a (BMNH). Aloea planiceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 62. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Hargeisa (RLRF AMNH). Amblytylus gregarius Linnavuori, 1961b: 16. Holotype: ?, Israel: Rehovot (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Amblytylus brevicollis Fieber, 1858 (synonymized by Matocq and Pluot-Sigwalt, 2012: 133). Amblytylus inscriptus Linnavuori, 1961b: 14. Holotype: ?, Israel: Rehovot (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Megalocoleus delicatus (Perris, 1857) (synonymized by Matocq and PluotSigwalt, 2012: 144). Amblytylus peitho Linnavuori, 1997a: 312: Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Sarakhs (RLRF [NMWC]). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 304) listed holotype deposited in NMWC, but it is not present there (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Ambonea russeola Linnavuori, 1975f: 61. Holotype: /, Sudan: Northern Province, Ed Damer (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Neoambonea russeola (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Schuh, 1989: 6). Ambonea tamaricis Linnavuori, 1975f: 60. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: near Harrar (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Hypseloecus tamaricis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Schuh, 1989: 5). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 279) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Ambonea uniformis Linnavuori, 1975f: 61. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: near Harrar (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Neoambonea uniformis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 150). Ambonea v-rubra Linnavuori, 1975f: 60. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Hypseloecus v-rubra (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Schuh, 1989: 5). 544 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Anapsallus pallidus Linnavuori, 1993a: 224. Holotype: /, Nigeria: M W St. [¼Edo State], BeninOre (RLRF NMWC). Anonychiella abendica Linnavuori, 1975f: 102. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Kassala, Abend Pass (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Anonychiella subannulata (Wagner, 1973) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1989d: 35; see also Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 306). Aphaenophyes juniperinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Addi Caieb (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) juniperina Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 279). Aphaenophyes richteri elongatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Yemen (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aphaenophyes richteri elongata Linnavuori, 1975 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 306). Aspidacanthus clavipes Linnavuori, 1996: 48. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Aspidacanthus globicollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 69. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Darfur, Ed Daein (RLRF AMNH). Aspidacanthus tithonos Linnavuori, 1996: 50. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: Kw St. [¼Kwara State], ShaganuRoﬁa (RLRF AMNH). Asthenarius melpomene Linnavuori, 1989c: 53. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Jebel Sinjar (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Psallus (Phylidea) melpomene (Linnavuori, 1989) (see Kerzhner, 1964: 756; Linnavuori, 1993d: 265). Asthenarius ninurta Linnavuori, 1984: 50. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah, near Dukan (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Psallus (Phylidea) ninurta (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Kerzhner, 1964: 756; Linnavuori, 1993d: 266). Atomophora alhagii Linnavuori, 1986: 155. Holotype: /, Iraq: near Ana (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Camptotylidea alhagii (Linnavuori, 1986) (see Linnavuori, 1990b: 58). Atomophora arabica Linnavuori, 1962d: 69. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Atomophora astarte Linnavuori, 1971h: 3. Holotype: ?, Israel: Eilat (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Camptotylidea astarte (Linnavuori, 1971) (see Linnavuori, 1990b: 60). Atomophora astragalii Linnavuori, 1986: 155. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: 50 km NW of An Vol. 122(4) Nu’ayriyah (RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Camptotylidea albovittata (Reuter, 1903) (synonymized by Konstantinov, 1999: 104). Notes: In the original description the species epithet appears three-times as astragali (Linnavuori, 1986: 31, 155, 173) and three-times as astragalii (Linnavuori, 1986: 154, 156). The name was accepted as A. astragalii by Linnavuori (1990b: 55) which should be considered the correct original spelling (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 316). Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 315) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the online register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Atomophora astraia Linnavuori, 1997a: 314. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Tabas (RLRF NMWC). Atomophora atripes Linnavuori, 1997a: 314. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, near Parvand (RLRF NMWC). Atomophora bast Linnavuori, 1989c: 51. Holotype: ?, Israel: Southern District, Yotvata (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Camptotylidea bast (Linnavuori, 1989) (see Linnavuori, 1990b: 57). Atomophora candida Linnavuori, 1984: 40. Holotype: /, Iraq: Karbala, Ukhaidir–Nukhaib (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Camptotylidea candida (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Linnavuori, 1990b: 59). Atomophora maculosa erato Linnavuori, 1971h: 8. Holotype: /, Iran: Baluchistan, Iranshar (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Synonimized with Atomophora maculosa maculosa Reuter, 1903 by Konstantinov (2000: 39), restored by Linnavuori (2010: 376). Atomophora modesta Linnavuori, 1986: 157. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Hufuf (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Camptotylidea modesta (Linnavuori, 1986) (see Linnavuori, 1990b: 61). Atomophora nut Linnavuori, 1971h: 7. Holotype: ?, Algeria: Ain Sefra (RLRF AMNH). Atomophora pentheus Linnavuori, 1971h: 4. Holotype: ?, Iran: Baluchistan, Iranshar (RLRF AMNH). Atomophora rodanica Linnavuori, 2004a: 13. Holotype: /, Iran: Hormozgan, Rodan (RLRF NMWC). Atomophora sabaea Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 189. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Mareb (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Atomoscelis atthis Linnavuori, 1971i: 32. Holotype: ?, Algeria: 40 km E of Beni Ounif, Oued Dermel (RLRF AMNH). Atomoscelis oblongiusculus Linnavuori, 1952c: 35. Holotype: ?, Greece: Corfu (UZMT). Current status: Malacotes oblongiusculus (Linnavuori, 1952) (see Linnavuori, 1994f: 10). Atractotomellus Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Type species: Atractotomus seorsus Odhiambo, 1961, original designation. Junior subjective synonym of Millerimiris Carvalho, 1951 (synonymized by Akingbohungbe, 1978: 92–93). Atractotomus kija Linnavuori, 1993a: 221. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Plateau State], Jos (RLRF NMWC). Auchenocrepis gracilis Linnavuori, 1975f: 111. Holotype: ?, Yemen: near Lahej, Wadi Kebir (RLRF AMNH). Badezorus ferdowsii Linnavuori, 1997b: 338: Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Mashhad (RLRF NMWC). Badezorus immaculatus Linnavuori, 1997b: 341: Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Deh Shor (RLRF NMWC). Bibundiella epikharmos Linnavuori, 1996: 28. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kwango–Kimbou (MRAC). Note: Species epithet is misspelled as epikarmos in Schuh (2013). Boopidocoris nahidae Linnavuori, 1995d: 477. Holotype: /, Iran: Khorasan, 70–80 km W of Sabzevar near Parvand (RLRF NMWC). Bowdenella gloriosa Linnavuori, 1974e: 17 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 45, as holotype): ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF NMWC). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 44–45) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 17) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Sudan. We consider the holotype designation by Linnavuori (1975f: 45) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term type was used explicitely for the only existing type specimen. Bowdenella hirtula Linnavuori, 1974e: 17 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori 1975f: 44, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Omo valley (RLRF NMWC). Note: The intended original description by 545 Linnavuori (1975f: 44) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 17) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Sudan. We consider the holotype designation by Linnavuori (1975f: 44) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term type was used explicitely for the only existing type specimen. Brachynotocoris cyprius inermis Linnavuori, 1965a: 12. Holotype: ?, Libya: El Merj–Gubba road (RLRF AMNH). Note: Listed as valid species, B. inermis Linnavuori, 1965, in the catalogue by Schuh (1995: 85), apparently by mistake (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 235; Schuh and Kerzhner, 1999: 271; Pagola-Carte, 2010: 116; Schuh, 2013). Bryocoris gracilis Linnavuori, 1962c: 68. Holotype: ?, Japan: Kyushu, Korasan, Chikugo (RLRF AMNH). Calocoris (Closterotomus) aqranus Linnavuori, 1984: 29. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, Shaykh Addy (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Closterotomus aqranus (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Rosenzweig, 1997: 152). Calocoris (Calocorisella) demeter Linnavuori, 1974f: 29. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Er Riyadh (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Reuterista demeter (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Rosenzweig, 1997: 152). Calocoris (Calocoris) ishtar Linnavuori, 1984: 28. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, near Aqra (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Rauniella ishtar (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Rosenzweig, 1997: 167). Calocoris saucius Linnavuori, 1951c: 104. Syntypes: ?/, Israel: Jericho, Ramat Gan near Tel-Aviv; Algeria: Tebessa, Constantine (UZMT, NMPC, RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Calocoris roseomaculatus saucius (see Linnavuori, 1960c: 63). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 76) listed syntypes also in AMNH, but on-line register of AMNH types does not list any of them (Anonymus, 2005). Camptotylidea fryne Linnavuori, 1993a: 145. Holotype: ?, Algeria: El Golea (RLRF NMWC). Note: This species was accidentally omitted in Schuh (1995: 274), see additions and corrections by Kerzhner and Schuh (2001: 265). 546 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Camptotylidea rhea Linnavuori, 2004a: 15. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Rodan (RLRF NMWC). Camptotylidea rubropicta Linnavuori, 1998b: 26: Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, 15 km E Sa‘adatshahr (HMIM). Campylomma acaciae Linnavuori, 1961b: 22. Holotype: ?, Israel: Yotvata (RLRF AMNH). Campylomma appendiculata Linnavuori, 1993a: 255. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: R St. [¼Rivers State], Mbiaima (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma appendiculatum Linnavuori, 1993, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma bes Linnavuori, 1993a: 273. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma fallaciosa Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 242. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Mayfa’ah (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Campylomma fallaciosum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 320). Campylomma glauke Linnavuori, 1993a: 257. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N C St. [¼Kaduna State], Zaria (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma (Campylomma) grandis Linnavuori, 1986c: 161. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: near Athnen (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma grande Linnavuori, 1986 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 320), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma hestia Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001: 236. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Kowd (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma hilaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 108. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma hilare Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma imitans Linnavuori, 1975f: 107. Holotype: ?, Mali (as French Sudan) (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma kalliope Linnavuori, 1989c: 54. Holotype: /, Israel: En Tamar (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma khloe Linnavuori, 1993a: 255. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma khuzestanicum Linnavuori, 2010: 379. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, Zeydoon (RLRF NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Campylomma maculipennis Linnavuori, 1993a: 254. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Western State, currently divided into Ogun, Ondo and Oyo States] (RLRF [NMWC]). Current status: Campylomma maculipenne Linnavuori, 1993, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma min Linnavuori, 1993a: 272. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: E C St. [¼Enugu State], Nsukka (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma montana Linnavuori, 1975f: 107. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Kateri–Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma montanum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma mundrica Linnavuori, 1975f: 107. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma mundricum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma oreophila Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 241. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Campylomma oreophilum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma pallidicornis Linnavuori, 1993a: 253. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma pallidicorne Linnavuori, 1993, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma rivulorum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 243. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, Wadi Warazan (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Campylomma skylla Linnavuori, 1993a: 253. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumiba (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma somalica Linnavuori, 1975f: 107. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma somalicum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Campylomma tykhe Linnavuori, 1993a: 271. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [Taraba and Adamawa States], ZinnaNgurore (RLRF NMWC). Campylomma viridissima Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 244. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Campylomma viridissimum Linnavuori 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 547 Table 4. Correct gender agreement of the valid species names in the genus Campylomma Reuter, 1878 (neuter). According to the Article 30.1.2. of ICZN (1999) ‘a genus-group name that is or ends in a Greek word transliterated into Latin without other changes takes the gender given for that word in standard Greek dictionaries.’ This Article can be unambiguously applied to the Greek neuter noun omma (¼eye), which apply also to the genus Campylomma Puton, 1872 as it was accepted by Steyskal (1973: 204, 206), Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 318) and Konstantinov et al. (2015, 2016). To avoid further ambiguity in their usage we provide here list of all the valid species names in the genus Campylomma, point their grammatical nature and correct the gender agreement to neuter when needed (marked by asterisk*). List of the species is compiled after Schuh (1995, 2013), Kerzhner and Josifov (1999), Aukema et al. (2013), Konstantinov et al. (2015, 2016), Yasunaga and Duwal (2015), Yasunaga et al. (2015), and Yasunaga (2016). Campylomma acaciae Linnavuori, 1961 [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma admittens (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin present active participle] Campylomma agalegae Miller, 1956 [geographical name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma aitutaki Schuh, 1984 [geographic name in the nominative singular given in the apposition] Campylomma angustius Poppius, 1914 [Latin adjective angustior, -or, -us] Campylomma angustulum Reuter, 1904 [Latin adjective angustulus, -a, -um] Campylomma annulicorne (Signoret, 1865) [composed Latin adjective annulicornis, -is, -e] *Campylomma appendiculatum Linnavuori, 1993 [Latin adjective appendiculatus, -a, -um] Campylomma artemisiae (Lindberg, 1958) [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma aterrimum Yasunaga, 2001 [Latin adjective aterrimus, -a, -um] *Campylomma atrum Schuh, 1984 [Latin adjective ater, atra, atrum] Campylomma atripes (Linnavuori, 1986) [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] Campylomma attilioi Konstantinov, Neimorovets and Korzeev, 2016 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma austrinum Malipatil, 1992 [Latin adjective austrinus, -a, -um] Campylomma bes Linnavuori, 1993 [name of Anciet Egyptian deity given as noun in apposition] Campylomma biak Schuh, 1984 [geographic name in the nominative singular given in the apposition] Campylomma boharti Carvalho, 1956 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma boninense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective boninensis, -is, -e] Campylomma breviatum Knight, 1938 [Latin adjective breviatus, -a, -um] Campylomma breviceps Usinger, 1946 [composed latinized adjective breviceps] Campylomma brunneicolle Usinger, 1946 [composed Latin adjective brunneicollis, -is, -e] Campylomma buddlejae Duwal, Yasunaga, and Lee, 2010 [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] *Campylomma carolinense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective carolinensis, -is, -e] Campylomma celatum Wagner, 1969 [Latin adjective celatus, -a, -um] Campylomma chichijima Carvalho, 1956 [geographic name in the nominative singular given in the apposition] Campylomma chitwanense Duwal, Yasunaga, and Lee, 2010 [latinized adjective chitwanensis, -is, -e] *Campylomma citrinum Carvalho, 1968 [Latin adjective citrinus, -a, -um] Campylomma citrinella Odhiambo, 1960 [species name of the finch Carduelis citrinella in the nominative singular given in the apposition] *Campylomma collinum (Van Duzee, 1934) [Latin adjective collinus, -a, -um] *Campylomma cookense Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective cookensis, -is, -e] *Campylomma crassum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective crassus, -a, -um] *Campylomma crotonicolum Linnavuori, 1975 [Originally established as Stenocapsus crotonicolus Linnavuori, 1975. The species name is the erroneous adjective crotonicolus (-a, -um) given instead of the correct Latin noun crotonicola, meaning inhabitant of rushfoil (Croton); however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1).] Campylomma cuneolatum Knight, 1938 [Latin adjective cuneolatus, -a, -um] *Campylomma discoidale (Poppius, 1914) [Latin adjective discoidalis, -is, -e] Campylomma diversicorne Reuter, 1878 [composed Latin adjective diversicornis, -is, -e] *Campylomma elongatum (Poppius, 1914) [Latin adjective elongatus, -a, -um] Campylomma eniwetok Schuh, 1984 [geographic name in the nominative singular given in the apposition] Campylomma eurycephalum Yasunaga, 2001 [latinized Greek adjective eurycephalus, -a, -um] Campylomma fallaciosum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 [Latin adjective fallaciosus, -a, -um] Campylomma flavipes Yasunaga, 2001 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] *Campylomma fopingense Li and Liu, 2010 [latinized adjective fopingensis, -is, -e] 548 Table 4. ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Vol. 122(4) Continued. Campylomma fukagawai Yasunaga, Schuh and Duwal, 2015 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma fuscum Knight, 1938 [Latin adjective fuscus, -a, -um] *Campylomma fusciantennatum Malipatil, 1992 [composed Latin adjective fusciantennatus, -a, -um] Campylomma fuscicorne (Reuter, 1899) [composed Latin adjective fuscicornis, -is, -e] Campylomma glauke Linnavuori, 1993 [name of character from Anciet Greek mythology given as noun in apposition] *Campylomma grande Linnavuori, 1986 [Latin adjective grandis, -is, -e] *Campylomma guadalcanalicum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective guadalcanalicus, -a, -um] *Campylomma guineense (Poppius, 1914) [latinized adjective guineensis, -is, -e] Campylomma hestia Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001 [name of Anciet Greek deity given as noun in apposition] *Campylomma hilare Linnavuori, 1975 [latinized adjective hilaris, -is, -e] Campylomma hivaoae Knight, 1938 [geographical name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma imitans Linnavuori, 1975 [Latin present participle] Campylomma incertum Villiers, 1956 [Latin adjective incertus, -a, -um] Campylomma indigena Lindberg, 1958 [Latin noun in the nominative singular given in the apposition – see ICZN, 1999: Article 31.2.2 for precedence of noun over homonymous adjective] *Campylomma insignitum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective insignitus, -a, -um] *Campylomma insulare (Lindberg, 1958) [Latin adjective insularis, -is, -e] *Campylomma irianicum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective irianicus, -a, -um] Campylomma kalliope Linnavuori, 1989 [name of Anciet Greek deity given as noun in apposition] Campylomma khloe Linnavuori, 1993 [name of Anciet Greek deity given as noun in apposition] Campylomma khuzestanicum Linnavuori, 2010 [latinized adjective khuzestanicus, -a, -um] Campylomma koraticola Yasunaga and Duwal, 2015 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular given in the apposition] *Campylomma kororense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective kororensis, -is, -e] Campylomma kraussi Schuh, 1984 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma kununurraense Malipatil, 1992 [latinized adjective kununurraensis, -is, -e] Campylomma leptadeniae (Linnavuori, 1975) [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma leucochilum (Reuter, 1905) [latinized composed Greek adjective leucochilus, -a, -um] *Campylomma leyteanum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective leyteanus, -a, -um] Campylomma liebknechti (Girault, 1934) [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma lindbergi Hoberlandt, 1953 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma linnavuorii Konstantinov, Neimorovets and Korzeev, 2016 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma lividicorne Reuter, 1912 [composed Latin adjective lividicornis, -is, -e] Campylomma lividum Reuter, 1885 [Latin adjective lividus, -a, -um] Campylomma longirostre Knight, 1938 [composed Latin adjective longirostris, -is, -e] *Campylomma luzonicum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective luzonicus, -a, -um] *Campylomma maculipenne Linnavuori, 1993 [composed Latin adjective maculipennis, -is, -e] *Campylomma malaysianum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective malaysianus, -a, -um] *Campylomma marcidum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective marcidus, -a, -um] Campylomma marjorae Schuh, 1984 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma marmorosum Schuh, 1984 [Latin adjective marmorosus, -a, -um] Campylomma marquesanum Knight, 1938 [latinized adjective marquesanus, -a, -um] *Campylomma marshallense Usinger, 1952 [latinized adjective marshallensis, -is, -e] Campylomma min Linnavuori, 1993 [name of Anciet Egyptian god given as noun in apposition] Campylomma minuendum Knight, 1938 [Latin adjective minuendus, -a, -um] Campylomma minutum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective minutus, -a, -um] Campylomma miyamotoi Yasunaga, 2001 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma montanum Linnavuori, 1975 [Latin adjective montanus, -a, -um] Campylomma monticola Poppius, 1914 [composed Latin noun in apposition] *Campylomma mundricum Linnavuori, 1975 [latinized adjective mundricus, -a, -um] Campylomma nanna Yasunaga and Duwal, 2015 [nanna ¼ female dwarf, Greek noun in the nominative singular given in the apposition]. *Campylomma nicolauense (Lindberg, 1958) [latinized adjective nicolauensis, -is, -e] *Campylomma nigrum Schuh, 1984 [Latin adjective niger, -gra, -grum] 2017 Table 4. HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 549 Continued. Campylomma nigrifemur Wagner, 1976 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] Campylomma nigronasutum Reuter, 1878 [composed Latin adjective nigronasutus, -a, -um] Campylomma noumeae Schuh, 1984 [geographical name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma novocaledonicum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective novocaledonicus, -a, -um] Campylomma novohebridense Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective novohebridensis, -is, -e] Campylomma novoirlandense Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective novoirlandensis, -is, -e] *Campylomma obscurum Wagner, 1974 [Latin adjective obscurus, -a, -um] Campylomma ochraceum (Scott, 1872) [Latin adjective ochraceus, -a, -um] Campylomma odhiamboi Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma odontospermi (Lindberg, 1958) [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma oertzenii Reuter, 1888 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma oreophilum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 [latinized Greek adjective oreophilus, -a, -um] Campylomma pacificae Schuh, 1984 [The species was named for its occurrence in the southwest Pacific (Schuh, 1984); it should be treated as noun (pacifica) in the genitive case.] *Campylomma palauanum Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective palauanus, -a, -um] *Campylomma palauense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective palauensis, -is, -e] Campylomma pallidum Usinger, 1946 [Latin adjective pallidus, -a, -um] *Campylomma pallidicorne Linnavuori, 1993 [composed Latin adjective pallidicornis, -is, -e] *Campylomma papuanum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective papuanus, -a, -um] Campylomma pimai Yasunaga and Duwal, 2015 [Thai name given as noun in apposition] Campylomma plantarum Lindberg, 1958 [noun in the genitive plural standing in the apposition] *Campylomma ponapense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective ponapensis, -is, -e] Campylomma pulicariae (Linnavuori, 1986) [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma rapae Schuh, 1984 [geographical name given as noun in the genitive case] *Campylomma raratonganum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective raratonganus, -a, -um] Campylomma ribesi Goula, 1986 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma rivulorum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 [noun in the genitive plural standing in the apposition] *Campylomma roridum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective roridus, -a, -um] Campylomma rubrotinctum Knight, 1938 [composed Latin adjective rubrocinctus, -a, -um] Campylomma salaciella Yasunaga and Duwal, 2015 [latinized noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] Campylomma sandaracine Schuh, 1984 [According to Schuh (1984) the name comes ‘from the Greek sandaracinos, orange colored’. However, the correct latinized adjective is sandaracinus, -a, -um, therefore we suggest to treat the word sandaracine as noun standing in the apposition.] Campylomma sclephracantha Schuh, 1984 [composed Greek noun (sclephros ¼ slender, acantha ¼ spine), standing in the apposition] Campylomma selectum China, 1924 [Latin adjective selectus, -a, -um] Campylomma seminigricaput (Girault, 1934) [composed Latin noun standing in the apposition] Campylomma seunghwani Yasunaga, 2016 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma simillimum Jakovlev, 1882 [Latin adjective simillimus, -a, -um] Campylomma skylla Linnavuori, 1993 [name of the character in Anciet Greek mythology given as noun in apposition] *Campylomma somalicum Linnavuori, 1975 [latinized adjective somalicus, -a, -um] Campylomma tahiticum Knight, 1938 [latinized adjective tahiticus, -a, -um] *Campylomma tanakakianum Yasunaga, Schuh and Duwal, 2015 [latinized adjective tanakakianus, -a, -um] *Campylomma tibiale (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective tibialis, -is, -e] Campylomma tinctipenne Knight, 1938 [composed Latin adjective tinctipennis, -is, -e] Campylomma townesi Schuh, 1984 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Campylomma tykhe Linnavuori, 1993 [name of Anciet Greek goddess given as noun in apposition] *Campylomma ulithiense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective ulithiensis, -is, -e] Campylomma unicolor Poppius, 1914 [Latin adjective unicolor] *Campylomma velatum (Linnavuori, 1975) [Latin adjective velatus, -a, -um] Campylomma vendicarinum Carapezza, 1991 [latinized adjective vendicarinus, -a, -um] Campylomma verbasci (Meyer-Dur, 1843) [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] Campylomma viridissimum Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 [Latin adjective viridissimus, -a, -um] Campylomma viticis Lindberg, 1948 [noun in the genitive case standing in the apposition] *Campylomma wakeanum Schuh, 1984 [latinized adjective wakeanus, -a, -um] *Campylomma yapense Carvalho, 1956 [latinized adjective yapensis, -is, -e] 550 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA and Al-Safadi, 1993 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 323). Campyloneuropsis rhianos Linnavuori, 1997a: 301. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Mukalla (RLRF NMWC). Charagochilus angusticollis Linnavuori, 1961f: 162. Holotype: ?, Russia: Siberia, Ussuri, Spasskaja (KUEC AMNH). Charagochilus ibykos Linnavuori, 1974f: 20. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Note: The species epithet was misspelled as ibgkos in Schuh (1995: 738). Charagochilus ikmalios Linnavuori, 1974e: 35. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Charagochilus mollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 48. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Charagochilus pallidus Linnavuori, 1975f: 47. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Chlamydatus (Eurymerocoris) penthesileia Linnavuori, 1989c: 53. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF AMNH). Chlamydatus (Euattus) sarafrazii Linnavuori, 1998b: 32: Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Estahban (HMIM). Closterotomus rosenzweigi Linnavuori, 2006: 223. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Manjil (RLRF NMWC). Collaria danae Linnavuori, 1974f: 18. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Note: The type of this species is not listed in the on-line type register of the AMNH (Anonymus, 2005) but Morales et al. (2016: 209), who examined the holotype, give AMNH as its depository. Collaria nigra Linnavuori, 1974f: 18 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 17, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni, Wondo cloud forest (RLRF AMNH). Notes: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 17) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974f: 18) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with four paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 17) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term Vol. 122(4) ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. The type of this species is not listed in the online type register of the AMNH (Anonymus, 2005) but Morales et al. (2016: 209), who examined the lectotype, give AMNH as its depository. Compsidolon acacicola Linnavuori, 1961b: 18. Holotype: ?, Israel: Yotvata (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Yotvata (Yotvata) picticornis (Horváth, 1913) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 198). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) alcmene Linnavuori, 1971i: 27. Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1971c: 3, as holotype): ?, Iran: Khuzestan, Shadegan (SMNS). Note: The intended original description of Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) alcmene was preceded by a key of Linnavuori (1971i: 27) (published on June, 1971 – see Kment and Wilson, 2017), which is sufﬁcient to make the name available. Linnavuori (1971i) gave Iran as distribution of the species but no types were mentioned. The proper description was published in Linnavuori (1971f: 1, 2) (published on December 15, 1971 – see Kment and Wilson, 2017) including designation of holotype, the only known specimen of the species. The designation of holotype by Linnavuori (1971f: 3) must be considered as lectotype designation by assumption of holotype according to the Article 74.6 (ICZN, 1999). This nomenclatural confusion was clariﬁed by Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 329). Compsidolon (Coniortodes) alibeganum Linnavuori, 1984: 46. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, Gully Ali Beg (RLRF NMWC). Compsidolon (Coniortodes) ishmedagan Linnavuori, 1984: 47. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, near Salahuddin (RLRF AMNH). Compsidolon (Coniortodes?) isis Linnavuori, 1993a: 211. Holotype: /, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) maculicorne Linnavuori, 1986c: 171. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Hufuf (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Compsonannus maculicornis (Linnavuori, 1986) (see Linnavuori 1990c: 126). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) nanno Linnavuori, 1971i: 29. Holotype: ?, Spain: Segrià, Torres de Segre, La Llacuna (JRBS). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) qoshanum Linnavuori, 1984: 48. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Al Qosh (RLRF AMNH). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) ribesi Linnavuori, 1972e: 125. Holotype: ?, Spain: Murcia, Totana (JRBS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) balachowskyi (Wagner, 1958) (synonymized by Wagner, 1976: 149). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) robustum Linnavuori, 1986c: 169. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Abha (RLRF AMNH). Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) sabulicola Linnavuori, 1984: 48. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Karbala, Ukhaidir–Nukhaib (RLRF AMNH). Compsidolon (Apsintophylus) surdum Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kateri–Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Compsidolon (Apsintophylus) torridum Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: /, Eritrea: Keren–Asmara (RLRF AMNH). Compsonannus atricornis Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993a: 176. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Shabwah, Shabwah (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Compsonannus gurbandicus Linnavuori, 2004a: 19. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Gurband (RLRF NMWC). Compsonannus hesione Linnavuori, 1990c: 125. Holotype: ?, Israel: the Negev, ’Ein ’Avdat (RLRF AMNH). Compsonannus umbrosus Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993a: 175. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, Al Mokha–Al Khawkah (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: AMNH was mentioned as type depository in the original description (Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993a: 175) but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Coridromius schuhi Linnavuori, 1994e: 15. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF NMWC). Note: Tatarnic and Cassis (2008: 3, 82) have not been able to examine any type specimen of this species and considered all of them lost. This statement is erroneous as the holotype is present in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps Linnavuori, 1973d: 77. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Chiloxis acuticeps (Linnavuori, 1973) or Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps Linnavuori, 1973 551 (see Note below). Note: Chiloxis Odhiambo, 1961 was established as a new genus (Odhiambo, 1961: 257). Linnavuori (1973d: 75–77) treated Chiloxis as a subgenus of Cranocapsus Wagner, 1954 without any comment. Later, Linnavuori (1975f) provided the following statement: ‘Chiloxis Odhiambo (. . .) differs from Cranocapsus in the shape of the styli (apex of hypophysis 6 T-shaped). Also the scutellum (except in [C.] rivularis [Linnavuori, 1975]) is impunctate. If Cranocapsus is regarded as a genus, Chiloxis could be connected with it as a subgenus, otherwise both will have to be placed in Deraeocoris [Kirschbaum, 1856] as subgenera.’ Akingbohungbe (1977: 273) continued to use Chiloxis as valid genus, providing the following comment: ‘Even though the argument adduced by Linnavuori (op. cit.) for reducing Chiloxis to a subgenus seems sound, a cursory examination of some yet undescribed species of Cranocapsus and Chiloxis indicated a necessity for a detailed comparative morphological analysis of these genera along with Deraeocoris Kirschbaum before any formal redeﬁnition of generic limits can be done. This is currently being pursued and will hopefully be communicated in a subsequent paper.’ Unfortunatelly, those results have never been published. Subsequently, Schuh (1995: 599) catalogued Chiloxis as a valid genus, while Kerzhner and Schuh (2001: 286) considered it a synonym of Cranocapsus based on Linnavuori (1973d), the opinion being accepted by Schuh (2013) who also databased Chiloxis as synonym of Cranocapsus. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 34) listed Chiloxis as subgenus of Cranocapsus. However, none of the preceding sources provided any taxonomic evidence in favour of their opinion. Therefore status of the Chiloxis remains schizophrenic and requires further examination. Cranocapsus (Cranocapsus) afﬁnis Linnavuori, 1975f: 9. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba–Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Cranocapsus afﬁnis Linnavuori, 1975 or Cranocapsus (Cranocapsus) afﬁnis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Note under Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps). Cranocapsus (Cranocapsus) niloticus Linnavuori, 1975f: 10. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Cranocapsus niloticus Linnavuori, 1975 or Cranocapsus 552 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA (Cranocapsus) niloticus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Note under Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps). Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) pilosicollis Linnavuori, 1973d: 75. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Oyo State], Ibadan (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Chiloxis pilosicollis (Linnavuori, 1973) or Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) pilosicollis Linnavuori, 1973 (see Note under Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps). Note: Schuh (1995: 599) listed this species within the genus Cranocapsus, not Chiloxis, without any comments. Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) rivularis Linnavuori, 1975f: 10. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Chiloxis rivularis (Linnavuori, 1975) or Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) rivularis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Note under Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps). Note: Schuh (1995: 599) listed this species within the genus Cranocapsus, not Chiloxis, without any comments. Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) tuberculifer Linnavuori, 1973d: 76. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Chiloxis tuberculifer (Linnavuori, 1973) or Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) tuberculifer Linnavuori, 1973 (see Note under Cranocapsus (Chiloxis) acuticeps). Note: Schuh (1995: 600) listed this species within the genus Cranocapsus, not Chiloxis, without any comments. Cyllecoris merope Linnavuori, 1989a: 1. Holotype: ?, Israel, Mt. Dov (RLRF AMNH). Cyphodema hilare f. nigritula Linnavuori, 1961f: 158. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Honshu, Karuizawa, Shinano (?); Kyushu, Hikosan (/) (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Unavailable name, elevated to species rank and made available as Lygus nigritulus by Linnavuori (1963: 81). Current status: Apolygopsis nigritulus (Linnavuori, 1963) (see Yasunaga et al., 2002: 6). Cyphodema humbaba Linnavuori, 1984: 30. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Diyala, Darbandikhan (RLRF AMNH). Cyphoxacicoris aspersus Linnavuori, 1975f: 27. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near lake Zuai (RLRF NMWC). Cyphoxacicoris dolosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 27. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Vol. 122(4) Cyrtopeltis (Campyloneuropsis) asper Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 249. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, Shallal Bani Matar (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Campyloneuropsis aspera (Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993) (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 18). Note: Linnavuori and Al-Safadi (1993e: 249) in the original description stated the holotype is deposited in RLRF and should be tranfered to AMNH, but the species is missing from the online register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) brunneicollis alkannae Linnavuori, 1975f: 14. Holotype: ?, Yemen: 15 miles N of Sana’a (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Nesidiocoris alkannae (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 128; Cassis, 1986: 132; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 27). Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) brunneicollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 14. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris brunneicollis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 132). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) diabolus Linnavuori, 1975f: 16. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Singhalesia diabolus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 146). Note: The species epithet is a Latin noun diabolus (¼devil) standing in apposition. Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) echinopis Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993e: 246. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Kuhlan Amer, 95 km N Sana’a (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Nesidiocoris echinopis (Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993) (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 27). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) fagoniae Linnavuori, 1975f: 15. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province: Ed Damer–Shandi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis fagoniae (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 46). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) falciger Linnavuori, 1975f: 15. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis falcigera (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 46), gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is the Latin adjective falciger (-a, -um), meaning ‘sickle bearing’. Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) ﬂavoviridis Linnavuori, 1975f: 14. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Malgudo 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris ﬂavoviridis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 133). Cyrtopeltis impictus Linnavuori, 1961b: 2. Holotype: ?, Israel: ’Ein Gedi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis impicta (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 46). Cyrtopeltis leontion Linnavuori, 1974e: 5. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris leontion (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Cassis, 1986: 133). Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) longicornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 12. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris longicornis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 134). Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) montivaga Linnavuori, 1975f: 13. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kateri–Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris montivagus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 134), gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is Latin adjective montivagus (-a, -um), meaning ‘roaming or wandering over the mountains’. Cyrtopeltis nigricornis Linnavuori, 1974e: 5. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W. [¼Osun and Ekiti] State[s], ErinOdo (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Nesidiocoris nigricornis (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Cassis, 1986: 134). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) pavoniae Linnavuori, 1975f: 16. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Decamere (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis pavoniae (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 47). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) pochalla Linnavuori, 1975f: 16. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Pochalla (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis pochalla (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Cassis, 1986: 47). Cyrtopeltis (Nesidiocoris) tuberculifer Linnavuori, 1975f: 13. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Opari–Magwe (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nesidiocoris tuberculifer (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Schuh, 2013). Cyrtopeltis (Singhalesia) virgator Linnavuori, 1975f: 15. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Campyloneuropsis annulata Poppius, 1914 (synonymized by Cassis, 1986: 45). 553 Cyrtorhinus dimorphus Linnavuori, 1994e: 56. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Sululta (RLRF NMWC). Cyrtorhinus viridis Linnavuori, 1975f: 58. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Darectagela Linnavuori, 1975f: 86. Type species: Darectagela celata Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Darectagela celata Linnavuori, 1975f: 86. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Daragodleh (RLRF NMWC). Darfuromma Linnavuori, 1975f: 104. Type species: Darfuromma vulnerata Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Darfuromma vulnerata Linnavuori, 1975f: 105. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Darfuromma vulneratum, gender agreement corrected here. Note: According to the Article 30.1.2. of ICZN (1999) ‘a genus-group name that is or ends in a Greek word transliterated into Latin without other changes takes the gender given for that word in standard Greek dictionaries.’ This Article can be unambiguously applied to the Greek neuter noun omma (¼ eye), which apply also to the genus Darfuromma Linnavuori, 1975. Deraeocoris addendus addendus Linnavuori, 1960c: 66. Holotype: ?, Israel: Tel Aviv (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) addendus addendus Linnavuori, 1960 (see Linnavuori, 1964: 323 and Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 47). Deraeocoris addendus ocularis Linnavuori, 1960c: 68. Holotype: ?, Cape Verde Islands: S. Tiago Praia (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) addendus ocularis Linnavuori, 1960 (see Linnavuori, 1964: 323 and Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 47). Deraeocoris brevicornis Linnavuori, 1961f: 163. Holotype: ?, Japan: Honshu, Kiyosato Kai (KUEC AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Deraeocoris) brevicornis Linnavuori, 1961 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 39). Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis ?) dentifer Linnavuori, 1975f: 6. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Beit Baus near Sana’a (BMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) dentifer Linnavuori, 1975 (see Schuh, 1995: 607; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 36). 554 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Deraeocoris eremicus Linnavuori, 1965a: 10. Holotype: ?, Libya: near Tobruk (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) martini eremicus Linnavuori, 1965 (see Eckerlein and Wagner, 1969: 181, Wagner, 1974a: 52, Kerzhner, 1997: 245, and Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 48). Deraeocoris (Afroderaeus) inﬂaticeps Linnavuori, 1975f: 8. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Keren–Asmara (RLRF NMWC). Deraeocoris koreanus Linnavuori, 1963: 74. Holotype: /, North Korea, Sariuon (ZMAS). Current status: Cimicicapsus koreanus (Linnavuori, 1963) (see Nakatani, 2001: 255; Aukema et al., 2013: 177). Deraeocoris (Phaeocapsus) lamia Linnavuori, 1973d: 75. Holotype: /, Central African Republic: Salo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) lamia Linnavuori, 1973 (see Kerzhner, 1997: 245). Deraeocoris (Afroderaeus) langannus Linnavuori, 1975f: 8. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Lake Langanno (RLRF NMWC). Deraeocoris (Phaeocapsus) lucidus Linnavuori, 1975f: 7. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) lucidus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Kerzhner, 1997: 245). Deraeocoris (Phaeocapsus) martini australis Linnavuori, 1975f: 7. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Abu Hamed–Abidiya (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) martini australis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Kerzhner, 1997: 245 and Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 48). Deraeocoris (Phaeocapsus) morosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 8. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Deraeocoris (Plexaris) morosus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Kerzhner, 1997: 245). Deraeocoris nigriventris dryas Linnavuori, 1974f: 17. Holotype: ?, Angola: Quedas Duque de Bragança (RLRF AMNH). Note: Deraeocoris dryas was listed as a valid species by Schuh (1995: 607) but listed as a subspecies in synonymy of D. nigriventris Poppius, 1914 by Schuh (2013). Deraeocoris (Afroderaeus) oparicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 8. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) pallens atramentarius Linnavuori, 1975f: 6. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Vol. 122(4) Ertil near Sana’a (BMNH). Current status: Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) pallens atramentarius Linnavuori, 1975. Note: This taxon was treated as species by Linnavuori (1986c: 126) based on opinion of M. Josifov (in litt.), which was accepted by Schuh (1995: 603; 2013), but further regarded as subspecies of D. pallens by Linnavuori (1989d: 29), Linnavuori and van Harten (1997: 177) and Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 36). Dicyphopsis spectabilis Linnavuori, 1975f: 16. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campyloneuropsis spectabilis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995: 8). Dicyphus (Brachyceroea) azadicus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1999: 161. Holotype: ?, Iran: Tehran, Azad Bar 70 km W of Karaj (HMIM). Dicyphus (Dicyphus) deylamanus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1999: 156. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Deylaman (RLRF NMWC). Dignaia Linnavuori, 1975f: 82. Type species: Dignaia ocularis Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Dignaia ocularis Linnavuori, 1975f: 83. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Kassala, Abend Pass (RLRF NMWC). Dimorphocoris mariae Linnavuori, 1952f: 188. Syntypes: ?/, Israel: Vall. Kison [¼Qishon Valley], and Ness Zionah [¼Nes-Ziyyona] (UZMT, MZHF, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Dimorphocoris (Dimorphocoris) mariae Linnavuori, 1952 (see Kerzhner, 1970: 634; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 211). Note: Holotype, allotype, and paratypes were mentioned in the original description but their exact localities were not speciﬁed (Linnavuori, 1952f). Josifov and Kerzhner (1999: 211) also listed the type series as syntypes, including one ‘type ?’ in UZMT and one ‘type /’ in MZHF. Dimorphocoris sari Linnavuori, 1992a: 216. Holotype: ?, Greece: Peloponnesus, Mt. Taigetos above Anogia (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Dimorphocoris (Dimorphocoris) sari Linnavuori, 1992 (see Kerzhner, 1970: 634; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 212). Dimorphocoris seidenstueckeri Linnavuori, 1984: 34. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Sinoni (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Dimorphocoris (Dimorphocoris) seidenstueckeri Linnavuori, 1984 (see Kerzhner, 1970: 634; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 213). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Diocoris erifyle Linnavuori, 1996: 36. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Bossangoa–Bossembele (RLRF AMNH). Diocoris pilosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 67. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Tambura–Wau (RLRF AMNH). Dominiquella Linnavuori, 1983: 25. Type species: Dominiquella vitellina Linnavuori, 1983, original designation. Dominiquella vitellina Linnavuori, 1983: 23. Holotype: ?, Senegal: Fété-Olé, Ferlo (RLRF AMNH). Druthmarus tibialis Linnavuori, 1975f: 55. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kateri–Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Gilo tibialis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 21). Ectagela armata Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela aspera Linnavuori, 1984: 41. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, Sarsang (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela bicuspidata Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela darfurensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Ed Daein (RLRF AMNH). Ectagela ghazalensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela kibo Linnavuori, 1993a: 162. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Plateau State], Gangare Kibo [¼Gengere Kibo] (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela novella Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Ectagela omfale Linnavuori, 1993a: 161. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ife (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela osiris Linnavuori, 1993a: 163. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela paionios Linnavuori, 1993a: 163. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba State], Lankoviri (RLRF NMWC). Ectagela safahana Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Ectagela sakhmet Linnavuori, 1993a: 158. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B. PI. St. [¼Benue State], Katsina Ala (RLRF NMWC). 555 Ectagela suavis Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Ectagela trichiliae Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Dilling–Kadugli (RLRF AMNH). Ectagela vitellina Linnavuori, 1975f: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Elektra Linnavuori, 1974e: 16. Type species: Elektra coccinea Linnavuori, 1974, original designation. Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Lamprocapsidea Poppius, 1912 (synonymized by Chérot, 2000: 312). Elektra coccinea Linnavuori, 1974e: 16. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Lamprocapsidea coccinea (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Chérot, 2000: 311). Ellenia anuak Linnavuori, 1975f: 87. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Pochalla (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Moissonia anuak anuak (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia forkys Linnavuori, 1993a: 185. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Mt. Cameroon (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Moissonia forkys (Linnavuori, 1993) (see Linnavuori and AlSafadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia guttata Linnavuori, 1975f: 88. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Moissonia guttata (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia hyalinipennis Linnavuori, 1975f: 89. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kateri–Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Moissonia hyalinipennis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia mollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 88. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Moissonia ampliata (Odhiambo, 1960) (see Linnavuori 1993a: 183; Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia nigropunctata occidentalis Linnavuori, 1993a: 182. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba State], Gembu (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Moissonia nigropunctata occidentalis (Linnavuori, 1993) (see Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia picticornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 89. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo 556 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Moissonia picticornis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia scutellaris Linnavuori, 1973d: 91. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF NMWC). Current status: Moissonia scutellaris (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Linnavuori, and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ellenia viridula Linnavuori, 1973d: 91. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Current status: Moissonia anuak viridula (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 178; Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993c: 233; Schuh, 2013). Ericinellus Linnavuori, 1994e: 46 (subgenus of Orthotylus). Type species: Orthotylus ericinellae Poppius, 1914, original designation. Ethatractus Linnavuori, 1975f: 96. Type species: Ethatractus planicornis Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Ethatractus brevicornis Linnavuori, 1993a: 122. Holotype: /, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], IleIfe (RLRF NMWC). Ethatractus planicornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 96. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF NMWC). Ethatractus schuhi Linnavuori, 1993a: 122. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Oyo State], Ibadan (RLRF [AMNH]). Note: Linnavuori (1993a: 122) in the original description stated the holotype is deposited in AMNH, but the species is missing from the online register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Eurycranella nubica Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Debeira (RLRF AMNH). Eurystylus bilqis Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 184. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Eurystylus oldi Poppius, 1912 (synonymized by Stondahl, 1995: 149). Farsiana Linnavuori, 1998b: 34. Type species: Farsiana pistaciae Linnavuori, 1998, original designation. Farsiana pistaciae Linnavuori, 1998b: 36: Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, 16 km E Sa‘adatshahr (HMIM). Fingulus longiceps ifensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 12. Holotype: /, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Fingulus Vol. 122(4) ifensis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Stonedahl and Cassis, 1991: 23). Fingulus longiceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 11. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Formicopsella magniceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 68. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Formicopsella potiskum Linnavuori, 1996: 52. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Yobe State], Potiskum (RLRF AMNH). Gampsodema gracilipes Linnavuori, 1996: 32. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Bodo Dioulasso (RLRF NMWC). Gediocoris hargeisanus Linnavuori, 1975f: 104. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF AMNH). Gediocoris leptadeniae Linnavuori, 1975f: 103. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Tendelti–Umm Ruwaba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma leptadeniae (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 261; Konstantinov et al., 2016: 123). Gediocoris vitellinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 104. Holotype: ?, South Yemen, Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Gediocoris pallispinus Wagner, 1964 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 216). Ghazalocoris Linnavuori, 1975f: 86. Type species: Ghazalocoris modestus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Ghazalocoris modestus Linnavuori, 1975f: 86. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Gilo Linnavuori, 1994e: 21. Type species: Druthmarus tibialis Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Glaphyrocoris agaue Linnavuori, 1996: 59. Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia, near Taif (RLRF NMWC). Glaphyrocoris antennalis Linnavuori, 1975f: 74. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris ebikh Linnavuori, 1984: 37. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, Sarsang (RLRF NMWC). Glaphyrocoris iranicus Linnavuori, 1965d: 266. New substitute name for Glaphyrocoris unifasciatus (Reuter, 1904) [¼Trachelonotus unifasciatus Reuter, 1904], junior secondary 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI homonym of Glaphyrocoris unifasciatus Reuter, 1903. Glaphyrocoris mandane Linnavuori, 1996: 56. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF AMNH NMWC). Glaphyrocoris nigeriensis Linnavuori, 1973d: 86. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris (Pongocoris) opertus Linnavuori, 1975f: 75. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pongocoris opertus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 62). Glaphyrocoris ruﬁventris Linnavuori, 1973d: 86. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris tinanensis Linnavuori, 1986c: 152. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Wadi Tinan (NHMB). Glaphyrocoris torridus Linnavuori, 1975f: 73. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit– Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris v-albus Linnavuori, 1975f: 73. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wadi Medani (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris varians Linnavuori, 1975f: 74. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Glaphyrocoris varians microphtalmus Linnavuori, 1975f: 74. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, El Obeid (RLRF AMNH). Glaucopterum lycii Linnavuori, 1984: 43. Holotype: /, Iraq: Al Muthanna, Abu Ghar–Busaya (RLRF AMNH). Junior primary homonym and junior subjective synonym of Glaucopterum lycii V. G. Putshkov, 1975 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1984: 46). Glaucopterum pteropyri Linnavuori, 1998b: 23: Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Can Chiroc 50 km S Tabas (RLRF NMWC). Globiceps (Kelidocoris) monticolus Linnavuori, 2006: 231. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Sang Rud (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective monticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun monticola, meaning inhabitant of mountains; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Globiceps syriacus brevicornis Linnavuori, 1992c: 14. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Globiceps (Kelidoco- 557 ris) syriacus brevicornis Linnavuori, 1992 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 244). Note: This taxon was treated as valid species, G. brevicornis Linnavuori, 1992, in the catalogue by Schuh (1995: 111), apparently by a mistake (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 244; Schuh and Kerzhner, 2001: 273; Schuh, 2013). Glossopeltis calvus Linnavuori, 1996: 4. Holotype: /, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Katanga, Lubumbashi (RLRF). Glossopeltis combreticolus Linnavuori, 1975f: 71. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Dilling–Kadugli (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Glossopeltis combreticolus combreticolus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori and van Harten, 2000: 166). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective combreticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct latinized noun combreticola, meaning inhabitant of bushwillow (Combretum); however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Glossopeltis combreticolus delia Linnavuori and van Harten, 2000: 166. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz (NMWC). Glossopeltis laevicollis Linnavuori, 1973d: 78. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Glossopeltis ornatulus Linnavuori, 1975f: 71. Holotype: ?, Chad: Bas-Chari, Djimtilo Gallery forest (MNHN). Glossopeltis serapis Linnavuori, 1996: 5. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B Pl St. [¼Benue State], near Makurdi (RLRF AMNH). Godataira Linnavuori, 1975f: 92. Type species: Godataira pulchella Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Current status: Subgenus of Yotvata Linnavuori, 1964 (downgraded by Linnavuori, 1984: 43). Godataira aqualla Linnavuori, 1975f: 93. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Godatair (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Yotvata (Godataira) aqualla (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1984: 43). Godataira ectagela Linnavuori, 1975f: 93. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Massawa (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Yotvata (Godataira) ectagela (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1984: 43). Godataira pulchella Linnavuori, 1975f: 93. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Khartoum (RLRF AMNH). 558 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Current status: Yotvata (Godataira) pulchella (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1984: 43). Grewiocoris Linnavuori, 1975f: 56. Type species: Grewiocoris elongatus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Grewiocoris elongatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 57. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Grewiocoris harrarensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 57. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Harrar (RLRF AMNH). Gutrida argos Linnavuori, 1974e: 31. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Gutrida troilos Linnavuori, 1974e: 31. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Hadrodapus Linnavuori, 1996: 67. Type species: Hadrodapus rhodops Linnavuori, 1996, original designation. Hadrodapus rhodops Linnavuori, 1996: 68. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Man (RLRF AMNH). Hadrophyes anubis Linnavuori, 2004a: 22. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Minab (RLRF NMWC). Hadrophyes decipiens Linnavuori, 1964a: 329. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Sokhna (RLRF AMNH). Hallodapus fenestratus Linnavuori, 1961f: 165. Holotype: ?, Japan: Kyushu, Fukuoka (KUEC AMNH). Hallodapus ochraceus Linnavuori, 1961g: 211. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Halticus beganus Linnavuori, 1984: 36. Holotype: /, Iraq: Irbil, Gully Ali Beg (RLRF AMNH). Halticus darbandikhaus [sic!] Linnavuori, 1984: 35. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Diyala, near Darbandikhan (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Halticus darbandikhanus Linnavuori, 1984 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 216; Schuh and Kerzhner, 2001: 270). Note: The species epithet appeared in double original spelling: twice as darbandikhanus (Linnavuori, 1984: 1 (abstrasct), 35 (ﬁgues)), corresponding to the name of the type locality – Darbandikhan, and once as darbandikhaus (Linnavuori, 1984: 35 (heading of the description)). The species epithet appears as H. darbandikhaus in catalogues by Schuh (1995: 55; 2013). The correct original spelling was ﬁxed Vol. 122(4) as H. darbandikhanus by Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 216). Halticus punctiger Linnavuori, 1975f: 48. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Acratheus punctiger (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 7). Hekate Linnavuori, 1994e: 52. Type species: Hekate eirene Linnavuori, 1994, original designation. Hekate eirene Linnavuori, 1994e: 53. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Heterocordylus (Bothrocranum) nausikaa Linnavuori, 1989c: 49. Holotype: ?, Israel: Upper Galilee, Mt. Meron (RLRF AMNH). Heterocordylus megara Linnavuori, 1972b: 40. Holotype: /, Portugal: Mafra (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Heterocordylus (Heterocordylus) megara Linnavuori, 1972 (see Ribes, 1993: 15). Horvathiella umbrina Linnavuori, 1974e: 14 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 44, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 44) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 14) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with several paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 44) as valid lectotype designation under Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term type was used explicitely for only one of the syntypes. Hyalosomella depressus Linnavuori, 1975f: 57. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad Medani (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Zanchius depressus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 75). Hyalosomella nigricornis Linnavuori, 1994e: 78. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Mt. Tonkoui (RLRF NMWC). Hyoidea hermione Linnavuori, 1989c: 50. Holotype: ?, Israel: Southern District, 17 km S of Be’er Sheva (RLRF AMNH). Hypomimus nocturnus Linnavuori, 1964a: 329. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Glaphyrocoris noctur- 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI nus (Linnavuori, 1964) (see Linnavuori, 1975f: 73). Hypomimus puncticollis Linnavuori, 1965d: 265. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, Sargadarea, Tschaaschen–Sadch (ZMAS). Current status: Glaphyrocoris puncticollis (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Linnavuori, 1975f: 73). Note: The synonymy of Hypomimus Lindberg, 1940 with Glaphyrocoris Reuter, 1903 by Linnavuori (1975f: 73–74) as well as the resulting transfer of Hypomimus puncticollis to Glaphyrocoris was not accepted by Schuh (1995: 228), but it was accepted by Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 289) and Schuh (2013). Hypomimus rubalhkalicus Linnavuori, 1965d: 265. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Asir Bisha (BMNH). Current status: Glaphyrocoris rubalkhalicus (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Linnavuori, 1975f: 73, 1986c: 152). Hypomimus secundus Linnavuori, 1961b: 5. Holotype: ?, Israel: Tel Aviv (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Glaphyrocoris secundus (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Linnavuori, 1975f: 73). Hypseloecus amaltheia Linnavuori, 1992c: 17. Holotype: /, Israel: En Yahav (RLRF NMWC). Ifephylus Linnavuori, 1993a: 125. Type species: Ifephylus apis Linnavuori, 1993, original designation. Ifephylus apis Linnavuori, 1993a: 127. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: R. St. [¼Rivers State], Ebubu near Bori (RLRF NMWC). Ifephylus brygos Linnavuori, 1993a: 127. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W. St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Ifephylus crassicornis Linnavuori, 1993a: 127. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Indatractus Linnavuori, 1975f: 97. Type species: Indatractus pantherinus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Indatractus pantherinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 97. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Ailet (RLRF AMNH). Indatractus robustus Linnavuori, 1986c: 168. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Najran (RLRF AMNH). Isometopus diversiceps Linnavuori, 1962f: 187. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Sakal Sultan (Isekenderum) (RLRF AMNH). Isometopus lunaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 115. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: near Harrar, Debeira (RLRF AMNH). 559 Isometopus niger Linnavuori, 1975f: 115. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Paloniella nigra (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Akingbohungbe, 1996: 114, incorrectly as P. niger), gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is Latin adjective niger (-gra, -grum), meaning black. Isometopus pictus Linnavuori, 1975f: 114. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth, Debeira (RLRF NMWC). Isometopus sepehrii Linnavuori, Sarafrazi and Hosyni, 1998: 6. Holotype: /, Iran: Gilan, Lowshan (coll. College of Agriculture, University of Gilan, Rasht, Iran NMWC). Note: The species is missing from the on-line plant bug catalogue by Schuh (2013). Jiggiga Linnavuori, 1975f: 55. Type species: Jiggiga nigra Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Jiggiga nigra Linnavuori, 1975f: 56. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Jiggiga–Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Juniperia Linnavuori, 1965a: 58. Type species: Juniperia rubescens Linnavuori, 1965, original designation. Juniperia rubescens Linnavuori, 1965a: 58. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Pozanti (RLRF AMNH). Kiambura aias Linnavuori, 1974e: 15. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Kiambura alkaios’. Kiambura bifurcata Linnavuori, 1974e: 15. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Kiambura kleis Linnavuori, 1974e: 15. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: K [¼Niger] State, Wawa (NMWC). Kunungua pallida Linnavuori, 1975f: 4. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Laemocorella Linnavuori, 1964a: 327 (as subgenus of Paralaemocoris Linnavuori, 1964). Type species: Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri Reuter, 1901 sensu Linnavuori (1964a) (misidentiﬁcation) ¼ Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970 (see Kerzhner, 1970: 644; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 296), designated here by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Note: Linnavuori (1964a: 327) designated Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri Reuter, 1901 as 560 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA the type species of Laemocorella. Kerzhner (1970: 644) clariﬁed that true P. (L.) ahngeri Reuter, 1901 is in fact the same taxon as P. (L.) macrophthalmus Linnavuori, 1964, while Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri sensu Linnavuori (1964a) represents another species, described as Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970. However, Kerzhner (1970) did not comment on the type species of Laemocorella. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 296) clariﬁed the type species as follows: ‘Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri Reuter, 1901 sensu Linnavuori (1964a) (misidentiﬁcation) ¼ Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970’, but did not submit the case to International Comission on Zoological Nomenclature as it was required by ICZN (1986: Article 70b), therefore their action does not constitute available nomenclatorial act. After 1999, nobody commented on this case and therefore did not ﬁx the type species according to requirements of the Article 70.3.2 of the ICZN (1999). To avoid any further confusion, we formally designate here Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970 as type species of Laemocorella Linnavuori, 1964 by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Laemocoris angusticollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 76. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad es Zaki (RLRF AMNH). Laemocoris beja Linnavuori, 1964a: 326. Holotype: /, Sudan: Erkowit (RLRF NMWC). Laemocoris divisus Linnavuori, 1964a: 325. Holotype: ?, Jordan: near Jericho (RLRF NMWC). Laemocoris farsianus Linnavuori, 2004a: 10. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Estahban (RLRF NMWC). Laemocoris fetensis Linnavuori, 1983: 23. Holotype: ?, Senegal: Fété-Olé, Ferlo (RLRF AMNH). Laemocoris hirsutus Linnavuori, 1996: 80. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N C St. [¼Kaduna State], Kagoro forest (RLRF AMNH). Laemocoris nomadicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 76. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, El Obeid (RLRF AMNH). Laemocoris orphanus Linnavuori, 1964a: 325. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Vol. 122(4) Laemocoris pygmaeus Linnavuori, 1975f: 76. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Daragodleh (RLRF AMNH). Laemocoris trimaculatus Linnavuori, 1964a: 326. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Dhala road (RLRF). Lalyocoris Linnavuori, 1993a: 136. Type species: Pilophorus minutissimus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Note: This genus was omitted in the catalogue by Schuh (1995: 457, 465). Lamprocapsidea hilaris Linnavuori, 1974e: 18. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Laurinia bathyllus Linnavuori, 1973d: 80. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Laurinia herondas Linnavuori, 1996: 11. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Leaina Linnavuori, 1974f: 20. Type species: Leaina belua Linnavuori, 1974, original designation. Leaina belua Linnavuori, 1974f: 21. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Lepidargyrus hafezi Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1998: 13. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Sang Rud–Jirandeh (RLRF NMWC). Lepidargyrus nigerrimus Linnavuori, 1998b: 37: Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Estahban (HMIM). Leptopterna dentifer Linnavuori, 1970d: 95. Holotype: ?, southern Spain (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Leptopterna dentifera Linnavuori, 1970, gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is Latin adjective dentifer (-a, -um), meaning ‘tooth-bearing’. Lygidolon athamas Linnavuori, 1974e: 27. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast (RLRF AMNH). Lygidolon carmona Linnavuori, 1974e: 28. Holotype: ?, Angola: Carmona (RLRF AMNH). Lygidolon dubiosum Linnavuori, 1974e: 27. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Lygidolon eddamer Linnavuori, 1974e: 29. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Ed Damer [Ad-Damar]–Shendi (RLRF AMNH). Lygidolon elegans Linnavuori, 1970g: 164. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Juba–Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Lygidolon hecate Linnavuori, 1970g: 163. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF AMNH). Lygidolon medeia Linnavuori, 1974e: 28. Holotype: /, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Lygus (Orthops) brevicornis Linnavuori, 1973d: 81. Holotype: /, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthops brevicornis (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Schuh, 2013). Lygus disponsi Linnavuori, 1961f: 160. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Hokkaido, Berabonai, Ashoro (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Lygus rugulipennis Poppius, 1911 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1988: 68). Lygus honshuensis Linnavuori, 1961f: 159. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Honshu, Kirigamine, Shinado (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Neolygus honshuensis (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Yasunaga and Schwartz, 2005: 63). Lygus idoneus Linnavuori, 1963: 79. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Honshu, Kitazawa kai (RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Lygocoris idoneus (Linnavuori, 1963) (see Kerzhner, 1972: 285; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 111). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 111) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Lygus italicus israelensis Linnavuori, 1962a: 78. New substitute name for Lygus italicus orientalis Linnavuori, 1960. Current status: Lygus israelensis Linnavuori, 1962 (see Aglyamzyanov, 2006: 211, 2009: 264). Lygus italicus orientalis Linnavuori, 1960c: 64. Holotype: ?, Israel: Nabi Rubin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Lygus kalmii var. orientalis Reuter, 1896, replaced by Lygus italicus israelensis Linnavuori, 1962. Lygus (Orthops) modestus Linnavuori, 1973d: 81. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthops modestus (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Schuh, 1995: 857; 2013). Lygus nigritulus Linnavuori, 1963: 81. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Honshu, Karuizawa, Shinano (?), Kyushu, Hikosan (/) (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Apolygopsis nigritulus (Linnavuori, 1963) (see Yasunaga et al., 2002: 6). Note: Originally described as unavailable infrasubspeciﬁc name Cyphodema hilare f. nigritula Linnavuori, 1961f, adopting its types. Lygus pabulinoides Linnavuori, 1961f: 158. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Hokkaido, Ashoro (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: 561 Lygocoris pabulinoides (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Kerzhner, 1972: 285). Lygus rubronasutus Linnavuori, 1961f: 158. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Hokkaido, Ikeda (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Lygocorides rubronasutus (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Yasunaga, 1996: 269). Lygus (Orthops) unguicularis Linnavuori, 1973d: 81. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthops unguicularis (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Schuh, 1995: 859; 2013). Lygus viridis lobatus Linnavuori, 1963: 80. Holotype: ?, Japan: Honshu, Kitazawa Kai (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Neolygus lobatus (Linnavuori, 1966) (see Yasunaga and Schwartz, 1991: 596). Macrolophus klotho Linnavuori, 1992c: 3. Holotype: ?, Greece: Peloponnesus, Mt. Menalo above Kardaras (RLRF NMWC). Macrotylus dahukanus Linnavuori, 1988a: 6. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, near Brozah (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Macrotylus (Alloeonycha) dahukanus Linnavuori, 1988 (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 256). Magnocellus scutellaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 115. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Smithopus scutellaris (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Akingbohungbe, 1996: 87). Malacocoris montanus Linnavuori, 1975f: 57. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Zanchius montanus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 75). Mecomma angusticollis Linnavuori, 1973d: 84. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Mecomma fumida Linnavuori, 1975f: 57. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Mecomma juno Linnavuori, 1994e: 63. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Imatong Mts., Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Mecomma kharon Linnavuori, 1994e: 61. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba State], Gembu (RLRF NMWC). Mecomma khrysothemis Linnavuori, 1994e: 58. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Obudu cattle ranch (RLRF NMWC). Mecomma ruﬁceps Linnavuori, 1994e: 59. Holotype: /, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). 562 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Mecomma stuebeni Linnavuori, 1999d: 43. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Jebel Marra, Murtagalla resthouse (coll. Zoological Museum of the Philipps-University, Marburg-Lahnberge). Note: This species is missing from the on-line plant bug catalogue by Schuh (2013). Megacoelum andromakhe Linnavuori, 1974f: 27. Holotype: /, Egypt: Sinai, Wadi Feiran (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Megacoelum (?) andromakhe Linnavuori, 1974; generic placement requires conﬁrmation (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum angustulum Linnavuori, 1975f: 25. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Megacoelum (?) angustulum Linnavuori, 1975; generic placement requires conﬁrmation (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum atripes Linnavuori, 1974e: 8. Holotype: /, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Megacoelum (?) atripes Linnavuori, 1974; generic placement requires conﬁrmation (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum hormozganicum Linnavuori, 2004a: 5. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Rodan (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Megacoelum (?) hormozganicum Linnavuori, 2004; generic placement requires conﬁrmation (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum irbilanum Linnavuori, 1988a: 1. New substitute name for Megacoelum quercicola Linnavuori, 1984. Current status: Pseudomegacoelum irbilanum (Linnavuori, 1988) (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 204). Megacoelum myrti Linnavuori, 1965a: 52. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Iskenderun (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Megacoelum myrti Linnavuori, 1965 (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum quadrituberculatum nomadicum Linnavuori, 1975f: 25. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, K apoeta–Bom a (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Gollneria quadrituberculata nomadica (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Carvalho, 1983: 383). Megacoelum quercicola Linnavuori, 1965a: 26. Holotype: ?, Tunisia: Ain Draham (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pseudomegacoelum quercicola (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 204). Vol. 122(4) Megacoelum quercicola Linnavuori, 1984: 27. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, Salahuddin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Megacoelum quercicola Linnavuori, 1965, replaced by Megacoelum irbilanum Linnavuori, 1988, currently Pseudomegacoelum irbilanum (Linnavuori, 1988) (see Linnavuori, 1988a: 1; Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 204). Megacoelum rubrolineatus [sic!] Linnavuori, 1975f: 23. Holotype: /, Yemen (no locality) (RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Megacoelum rubrolineatum Linnavuori, 1975 (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 126) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Megacoelum salsolae Linnavuori, 1986c: 136. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Layla (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Megacoelum salsolae Linnavuori, 1986 (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megacoelum superbum Linnavuori, 1975f: 23. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Megacoelum (?) superbum Linnavuori, 1975; generic placement requires conﬁrmation (see Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 203). Megalocoleus pericarti Linnavuori, 1970d: 91. Holotype: ?, France: Corse, Ghizonaccia (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Megalocoleus molliculus (Fallén, 1807) (synonymized by Matocq, 2004: 89). Megalodactylus grandoculus Linnavuori, 2010: 383. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, near Ahvaz (RLRF NMWC). Mestra Linnavuori, 1994e: 28. Type species: Mestra leucoptera Linnavuori, 1994, original designation. Note: The genus is misspelled as Maestra by Schuh (1995: 140; 2013). Actually the genus is named after Mestra, daughter of Erysisthon, a character in Ovidius’ Metamorphoses (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 29). Mestra erato Linnavuori, 1994e: 30. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Mestra leucoptera Linnavuori, 1994e: 30. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Millerimiris punctatus globicornis Linnavuori, 1993a: 192. Holotype: /, Nigeria: SE St. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI [¼Cross River State], Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Monalocoris japonensis Linnavuori, 1961f: 164. Syntypes: ?/ (4 specimens), Japan: Kyushu, Abura-yama, near Fukuoka (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Monalocoris (Monalocoris) ﬁlicis (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1978: 37). Monalocoris (Sthenarusoides) punctipennis Linnavuori, 1975f: 4. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Monocris longicornis Linnavuori, 1988a: 9. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dhi Qar, Nasiriyah–Abu Ghar (RLRF AMNH). Myiomma juniperina Linnavuori, 1975f: 116. Holotype: /, Eritrea: Addi Caieh (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Myiomma juniperinum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 5). Myiomma montana Linnavuori, 1975f: 116. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Myiomma montanum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 5). Myiomma zandeana Linnavuori, 1975f: 116. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Myiomma zandeanum Linnavuori, 1975, gender agreement corrected here (see Table 5). Nabidomiris giloicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 16. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Note: The holotype is missing in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005), but it is indeed deposited there (see Morales and Forero, 2016: 512). Nanniella alkithoe Linnavuori, 1994e: 10. Holotype: /, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Benue State], Katsina Ala (RLRF NMWC). Nanniella gracilis Linnavuori, 1975f: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gillo (RLRF AMNH). Nanniella pallidiceps Linnavuori, 1973d: 83. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Nanniella palustris Linnavuori, 1975f: 48. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Nasocoris arabicus Linnavuori, 1999b: 59: Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia: N. Jubbah (RLRF NMWC). 563 Nasocoris artemis Linnavuori, 1968b: 204. Holotype: /, Israel: Rehovot (RLRF AMNH). Nasocoris convexicollis Linnavuori, 1999b: 58. Holotype: /, Israel: S. Distr., Nahal Ze’elim (RLRF NMWC). Nasocoris labanicus Linnavuori, 2004a: 12. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Labani (RLRF NMWC). Nasocoris psyche Linnavuori, 1968b: 203. Holotype: /, Italy: Sardinia, Platamona (RLRF NMWC). Nasocoris serratus Linnavuori, 1984: 41. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Muthanna, As Salman– Takhadid (RLRF AMNH). Nasocoris tuberculicollis Linnavuori, 1999b: 60: Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dhi Gar, Abu Ghar (RLRF NMWC). Neoambonea scutellaris Linnavuori, 1986c: 150. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Wadi Dhurah (RLRF [AMNH]). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 279) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Nicostratus myrmecophilus Linnavuori, 2004a: 3. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Kuhestak (RLRF NMWC). Nubaia Linnavuori, 1975f: 90. Type species: Nubaia longiceps Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Nubaia hatsepsowe Linnavuori, 1993a: 168. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Bauchi State], Bauchi, Kwangi (RLRF NMWC). Nubaia longiceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 91. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Dilling–Kadugli (RLRF NMWC). Nycticapsus major Linnavuori, 1994e: 65. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba State], near Mambila (RLRF NMWC). Obudua Linnavuori, 1974e: 4. Type species: Obudua theognis Linnavuori, 1974, original designation. Obudua theognis Linnavuori, 1974e: 5. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Obudua urania Linnavuori, 1996: 8. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). Oncotylus nigdensis Linnavuori, 1961g: 210. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Nigde (RLRF NMWC). Oreocapsus Linnavuori, 1975f: 98. Type species: Oreocapsus pallipes Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. 564 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Oreocapsus immundus Linnavuori, 1975f: 100. Holotype: ?, Yemen (RLRF NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 381) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Oreocapsus lividus Linnavuori, 1975f: 100. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Oreocapsus nemoralis Linnavuori, 1975f: 101. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Oreocapsus pallipes Linnavuori, 1975f: 99. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Oreocapsus serotinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 101. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF AMNH). Oreocapsus tristis Linnavuori, 1975f: 102. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Oreocapsus vanharteni Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 190. Holotype: ?, Yemen: near Djebel al Nabi Shu’ayb (RLRF NMWC). Oreolygus Linnavuori, 1975f: 37. Type species: Oreolygus ericae Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Note: The intended original description of Oreolygus by Linnavuori (1975f: 37) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 21) accompanied by citation of the type species, Oreolygus ericae Linnavuori (Linnavuori, 1974e: 34). However, as O. ericae was not an available name in that moment (nomen nudum), Oreolygus Linnavuori, 1974 did not become available name from that paper (see also Josifov and Kerzhner, 1999: 129). Oreolygus ericae Linnavuori, 1975f: 38. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: May Chew (RLRF AMNH). Oreolygus junipericolus frigidus Linnavuori, 1974e: 34 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 40, as holotype): /, Ethiopia: May Chew (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 34) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with four paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) as valid lectotype designation under Vol. 122(4) the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for only one of the syntypes. Oreolygus junipericolus junipericolus Linnavuori, 1974e (in key): 34. Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 40, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Sululta (RLRF AMNH). Notes: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 34) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type localities were cited as Eritrea and Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with six paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. The species name is the erroneous adjective junipericolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun junipericola, meaning inhabitant of juniper; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Oreolygus maesae Linnavuori, 1974e: 34 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 40, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Agheressalam (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 34) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with many paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Oreolygus nigrisulcus Linnavuori, 1975f: 39. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheressalam (RLRF AMNH). Oreolygus rubidus Linnavuori, 1974e: 34 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 40): /, Ethiopia: May Chew (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 34) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 565 Table 5. Correct gender agreement of the valid species names in the genus Myiomma Puton, 1872 (neuter). According to the Article 30.1.2 of ICZN (1999) ‘a genus-group name that is or ends in a Greek word transliterated into Latin without other changes takes the gender given for that word in standard Greek dictionaries.’ This Article can be unambiguously applied to the Greek neuter noun omma (¼eye) (see Steyskal, 1973: 204), which apply also to the genus Miyomma Puton, 1872 as it was accepted, e.g., by Henry (1979) or Kerzhner and Josifov (1999). To unify the usage of the names we provide here a list of all the valid species names in the genus Miyomma, point their grammatical nature and correct the gender agreement to neuter when needed (such cases are marked by asterisk*). The list is compiled after Schuh (1995, 2013), Kerzhner and Josifov (1999), Akingbohungbe (2006), Aukema et al. (2013), Namyatova and Cassis (2016) and Yasunaga et al. (2016). *Myiomma adustum Herczek, 2004 [Latin adjective adustus, -a, um] *Myiomma affine (Hoberlandt, 1952) [Latin adjective affinis, -is, -e] *Miyomma albalatum Namyatova and Cassis, 2016 [composed Latin adjective albalatus, -a, -um] Myiomma albicoxa Smith, 1967 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] *Myiomma albiscutellatum Smith, 1967 [composed Latin adjective albiscutellatus, -a, -um] Myiomma altica Ren, 1987 [Altica, genus of Chrysomelidae, noun in apposition] Myiomma amaranion Herczek and Popov, 2006 [Greek noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] *Myiomma apicale Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [Latin adjective apicalis, -is, -e] *Myiomma argentinense Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [Latin adjective argentinensis, -is, -e] Miyomma basseti Namyatova and Cassis, 2016 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma bionotatum Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [Latin adjective binotatus, -a, -um] Myiomma brasilianum Henry, 1979 [Latin adjective brasilianus, -a, -um] Myiomma bredoi Akingbohungbe, 1996 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma capeneri Slater and Schuh, 1969 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma capitatum Henry, 1979 [Latin adjective capitatus, -a, -um] Myiomma choui Lin and Yang, 2004 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma cixiiforme (Uhler, 1891) [composed Latin adjective cixiiformis, -is, -e] Myiomma cobbeni Akingbohungbe, 2003 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma confusum Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective confusus, -a, -um] *Myiomma dundoense (Hoberlandt, 1952) [latinized adjective dundoensis, -is, -e] *Myiomma fasciatum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective fasciatus, -a, -um] *Myiomma ferrugineum Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective ferrugineus, -a, -um] Myiomma fieberi Puton, 1872 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma fulvum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective fulvus, -a, -um] Myiomma fusiforme Henry, 1979 [composed Latin adjective fusiformis, -is, -e] *Myiomma hemialbum (Carvalho, 1951) [composed Latin adjective hemialbus, -a, -um] *Myiomma impunctatum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective impunctatus, -a, -um] Myiomma jankotejai Herczek and Popov, 2006 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma juniperinum Linnavuori, 1975 [Latin adjective juniperinus, -a, -um] Myiomma keltoni Henry, 1984 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma kukai Yasunaga and Hayashi, 2002 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma lansburyi (Carvalho, 1951) [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma latifrons Herczek, 2004 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] *Myiomma lineare Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective linearis, -is, -e] *Myiomma luteum McAtee and Malloch, 1932 [Latin adjective luteus, -a, -um] *Myiomma maculatum Akingbohungbe, 2003 [Latin adjective maculatus, -a, -um] Myiomma mexicanum Henry, 1979 [Latin adjective mexicanus, -a, -um] Myiomma milleri (Hoberlandt, 1959) [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma minus Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective minor, -or, -us] Myiomma minutum Miyamoto, 1965 [Latin adjective minutus, -a, -um] *Myiomma montanum Linnavuori, 1975 [Latin adjective montanus, -a, -um] *Myiomma nigrum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective niger, -gra, -grum] *Miyomma nigricolle Akingbohungbe, 2006 [composed Latin adjective nigricollis, -is, -e] *Myiomma obscurum Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective obscurus, -a, -um] Myiomma ornatum Henry, 1979 [Latin adjective ornatus, -a, -um] Myiomma ostentans Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin present active participle] 566 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Vol. 122(4) Table 5. Continued. Myiomma pallidopleura Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [composed Latin-Greek noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] Myiomma pallipes Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] Myiomma phuvasae Yasunaga, Duanthisan and Yamada, 2016 in Yasunaga et al. (2016): 94 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma piceicola Akingbohungbe, 1996 [composed Latin noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition] *Myiomma qinlingense Qi, 2005 [latinized adjective qinlingensis, -is, -e] *Myiomma rubidum Akingbohungbe, 1996 [Latin adjective rubidus, -a, -um] *Myiomma rubrum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective ruber, -bra, -brum] Myiomma rubrooculatum Henry, 1979 [composed Latin adjective rubrooculatus, -a, -um] *Myiomma rubrovenatum Smith, 1967 [composed Latin adjective rubrovenatus, -a, -um] Myiomma samuelsoni Miyamoto, 1965 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma schmitzi Slater, 1976 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma schuhi Henry, 1979 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] Myiomma scotti Herczek, 2004 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma scutellatum Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [Latin adjective scutellatus, -a, -um] Myiomma semipallidum Henry, 1979 [composed Latin adjective semipallidus, -a, -um] Myiomma surinamense (Carvalho and Rosas, 1962) [latinized adjective surinamensis, -is, -e] Myiomma takahashii Yasunaga and Hayashi, 2002 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma uniforme Henry and Carpintero, 2012 [composed Latin adjective uniformis, -is, -e] *Myiomma ussuriense Ostapenko, 2001 [latinized adjective ussuriensis, -is, -e] *Myiomma verticatum Smith, 1967 [Latin adjective verticatus, -a, -um] *Myiomma vittatum McAtee and Malloch, 1932 [Latin adjective vittatus, -a, -um] *Myiomma vittaticorne Akingbohungbe, 1996 [composed Latin adjective vittaticornis, -is, -e] Myiomma voigti (Popov and Herczek, 1992) [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] *Myiomma zandeanum Linnavuori, 1975 [latinized adjective zanedanus, -a, -um] Myiomma zhengi Lin and Yang, 2004 [personal name given as noun in the genitive case] and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with ﬁve paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Oreolygus sexvittatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 40. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Oreolygus triangulum Linnavuori, 1975f: 40. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Oreolygus viridipennis Linnavuori, 1974e: 40 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 41, as holotype): Ethiopia: Dessie (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 40) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 34) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type localities were cited as Eritrea and Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with many paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 41) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Orthocephalus modarresi Linnavuori, 1997a: 304. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, 70 km W of Darreh Gaz (RLRF NMWC, see Namyatova and Konstantinov, 2009: 64). Orthops daidalos daidalos Linnavuori, 1974e: 22. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE [¼Taraba] State, Ngel Nyaki (RLRF AMNH). Note: In the original description the intended name O. daidalos, given after the Daidalos – a character of Greek mythology, appeared six times in the correct form (Linnavuori, 1974e: 3, 22, 55, 57, 58) and once also misspelled as O. diadalos (Linnavuori, 1974e: 22). Orthops daidalos is the correct original spelling of the name while Orthops diadalos is its incorrect original spelling. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Orthops diadalos [sic!] pindaros Linnavuori, 1974e: 22. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthops daidalos pindaros Linnavuori, 1974. Orthops nigriscutum arcanus Linnavuori, 1975f: 41. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Orthops podocarpi Linnavuori, 1975f: 41. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Orthops polydeukes Linnavuori, 1974e: 22. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygidolon polydeukes’. Orthops sjostedti labdakos Linnavuori, 1974e: 23. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE State, Obudu [¼Cross River] Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygus sjostedti labdakos’. Orthops (Verdeius) tessulatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 43. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Orthops versicoloreus Linnavuori, 1975f: 42. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygus versicoloreus’. Orthotylus acacicola chariensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 50. Holotype: ?, Chad: Bas Chari (MNHN). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) acacicola chariensis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 34). Orthotylus acacicola robustus Linnavuori and AlSafadi, 1993b: 185. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) acacicola robustus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 34; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 261). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) aineias Linnavuori, 1994e: 45. Holotype: ?, South Africa: Robertson (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) akastos Linnavuori, 1994e: 45. Holotype: ?, Namibia: Noordoewer (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) akheloos Linnavuori, 1994e: 44. Holotype: ?, South Africa: Seweweekspoort (RLRF NMWC). 567 Orthotylus (Orthotylus) althaia Linnavuori, 1994e: 41. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N C St. [¼Katsina State], Malumfashi (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus asper Linnavuori, 1975f: 51. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) asper Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 35). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) bobo Linnavuori, 1994e: 36. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Bobo Dioulasso (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus compactus Linnavuori, 1975f: 53. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit– Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) compactus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 44). Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961b: 7. Holotype: ?, Israel: Revivim (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) divisus Linnavuori, 1961 (see Wagner, 1974b: 226; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 256) or Melanotrichus divisus (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Note below). Note: There is no consensus concerning the status of Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875. This subgenus of Orthotylus Fieber, 1852 was erected to generic rank by Knight (1927) which was followed by many, mostly American, authors (e.g., Henry and Wheeler, 1988; Wheeler and Henry, 1992; Linnavuori et al., 2014). However, this change was not accepted by other authors (e.g,. Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999; Konstantinov and Vinokurov, 2011; Aukema et al., 2013; Schuh, 1995: 148; Schuh, 2013) therefore the situation of this taxon remains schizophrenic and requires re-examination in the phrame of complex phylogenetic analysis of Orthotylus. Orthotylus (Orthotylus) farcha Linnavuori, 1994e: 36. Holotype: ?, Chad: Farcha (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus halaibicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 54. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Suakin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) halaibicus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 148; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 258) or Melanotrichus halaibicus (Linnavuori, 1975). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) halaibicus abbreviatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 54. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: near Lith (BMNH). Currents status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) pusillus Reuter, 1883 568 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 147, synonymized with O. arabicus Wagner, 1962; Carapezza, 1997: 96, synonymy of O. arabicus with O. pusillus; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 260) or Melanotrichus pusillus (Reuter, 1882). Notes: The synonymy of Orthotylus arabicus Wagner, 1962 with O. pusillus Reuter, 1883 by Carapezza (1997: 96) is missing in the on-line plant bug catalogue by Schuh (2013). For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus hodiernus Linnavuori, 1961b: 6. Holotype: ?, Israel: Ramath Gan (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Parapachylops) hodiernus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Carapezza, 1997: 84). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 269) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) ife Linnavuori, 1994e: 36. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], IleIfe (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus indigoferae Linnavuori, 1975f: 50. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Wadi Tiban, N.W. of Jebel Jihaf (BMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) indigoferae Linnavuori, 1975 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 262). Orthotylus junipericola contractulus Linnavuori, 1965a: 12. Holotype: ?, Libya: El Merj (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Parapachylops) junipericola contractulus Linnavuori, 1965 (see Carapezza, 1997: 84). Orthotylus junipericola Linnavuori, 1965a: 27. Holotype: ?, Tunisia: Sbiba (RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Orthotylus (Parapachylops) junipericola junipericola Linnavuori, 1965 (see Carapezza, 1997: 84). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 269) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Orthotylus junipericola regularis Linnavuori, 1965a: 28. Holotype: ?, Tunisia: Korba–Nabeul road (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Parapachylops) junipericola regularis Linnavuori, 1965 (see Carapezza, 1997: 84). Orthotylus junipericola terminalis Linnavuori, 1965a: 54. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Gülek (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Para- Vol. 122(4) pachylops) junipericola terminalis Linnavuori, 1965 (see Carapezza, 1997: 84). Orthotylus kenamuke Linnavuori, 1975f: 51. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) kenamuke Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 35). Orthotylus leokhares Linnavuori, 1990a: 17. Holotype: ?, Isreal: the Negev, ’Ein ’Avdat (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) leokhares Linnavuori, 1990 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 262). Orthotylus mafraq Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 186. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, Al Mafraq (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) mafraq Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 263). Note: Linnavuori and Al-Safadi (1993b: 186) indicated the holotype deposited in RLRF, to be transferred in AMNH in the future. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 263) indicated the depository of the holotype as NMWC. Orthotylus massawanus Linnavuori, 1975f: 50. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Ailet (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) massawanus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 34). Orthotylus masuttii Linnavuori, 1977b: 92. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (coll. Servadei MSNV). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) masuttii Linnavuori, 1977 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 42). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) mentor Linnavuori, 1994e: 34. Holotype: ?, Algeria: In Guezzam (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus mollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 52. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) mollis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 40). Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) monticolus Linnavuori, 1975f: 53. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) monticolus Linnavuori, 1975 or Melanotrichus monticolus (Linnavuori, 1975). Notes: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. The species name is the erroneous adjective monticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI noun monticola, meaning inhabitant of mountains; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Orthotylus (Orthotylus) mundricus Linnavuori, 1994e: 33. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus nigricornis Linnavuori, 1976a: 123. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (coll. Cerutti, Museum of Padua, Italy). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) nigricornis Linnavuori, 1976 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 42). Note: This taxon is missing in the catalogues by Schuh (1995: 164; 2013). Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) nocturnus Linnavuori, 1974c: 168. Holotype: ?, United Arab Emirates: Sirabu Nu’air [¼Sir Abu Nu’ayr Island] (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) nocturnus Linnavuori, 1974 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 259) or Melanotrichus nocturnus (Linnavuori, 1974). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) nymphias Linnavuori, 1974c: 169. Holotype: /, Turkmenistan: 50 km Tegshena [¼Tedzhen] (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) nymphias Linnavuori, 1974 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 259) or Melanotrichus nymphias (Linnavuori, 1974). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) omanensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 53. Holotype: ?, Oman (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) hirtulus Wagner, 1951 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 145; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 258) or Melanotrichus hirtulus (Wagner, 1951) (see Linnavuori et al., 2014: 112). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus polemon Linnavuori, 1975f: 50. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Mahdatha (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) polemon Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 144). Orthotylus problematicus Linnavuori, 1953b: 107. Holotype: ?, Kyrgyzstan: Fl. Tschu [¼Ak-Suu 569 or Chu river] (cf. Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 265) (UZMT NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) problematicus Linnavuori, 1953 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 265; here conﬁrmed). Notes: Wagner (1957: 77) included O. problematicus in the (sub)genus Melanotrichus without providing any explanation. Such placement was accepted in catalogues by Carvalho (1958: 117) and Schuh (1995: 167). On the other hand, Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 265) included it in the subgenus Orthotylus sensu stricto, though also without any explanation. One of us (AC) examined the holotype and, based on the shape of its parameres, concluded that the species belongs certainly to Orthotylus s. str. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 265) listed the depository of holotype as RLRF. Orthotylus (Orthotylus) prunicola Linnavuori, 1984: 32. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Karbala, Nukhaib – km 160 (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus repandus Linnavuori, 1975f: 52. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) repandus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 42). Orthotylus rubrocuneatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 51. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) rubrocuneatus Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 37). Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) rudbaricus Linnavuori, 1997a: 307. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Tutkabon–Rudbar (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) turcmenorum V. G. Putshkov, 1976 (synonymized by Linnavuori and Modarres, 1999a: 217) or Melanotrichus turcmenorum (V. G. Putshkov, 1976). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus (Ericinellus) selene Linnavuori, 1994e: 48. Holotype: ?, South Africa: Stanford, Salmonston (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus strigilifer Linnavuori, 1975f: 52. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) strigilifer Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 39). Orthotylus tamarindi Linnavuori, 1975f: 51. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Ed 570 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Damer–Shendi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) tamarindi Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 38). Orthotylus tamarindi nubaensis Linnavuori, 1975f: 52. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Kadugli (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) nubaensis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 39). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Orthotylus nubaensis’. Orthotylus (Pinocapsus) thaleia Linnavuori, 1999a: 43: Holotype: ?, Greece: Peloponnesus, Dimitsana (RLRF NMWC). Orthotylus viridissimus Linnavuori, 1961e: 87. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: Ashkhabad (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) viridissimus Linnavuori, 1961 (see Linnavuori, 1997a: 311; Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 261) or Melanotrichus viridissimus (Linnavuori, 1961). Note: For status of the (sub)genus Melanotrichus Reuter, 1875 see comment under Orthotylus divisus Linnavuori, 1961. Orthotylus vittiger Linnavuori, 1975f: 51. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Orthotylus (Orthotylus) vittiger Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1994e: 36). Oxacicoris brunneipennis Linnavuori, 1975f: 27. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Oxacicoris elongatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 27. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Paralaemocoris Linnavuori, 1964a: 326. Type species: Laemocoris strigifrons Reuter, 1895, original designation. Paralaemocoris anabasus Linnavuori, 1984: 39. Lectotype (designated by Kerzhner, 1993: 100): /, Asian Kazakhstan, Zhezkazgan Prov., 40 km S of Zhana-Arka railway station [¼Atasu] (ZMAS). Current status: Paralaemocoris (Paralaemocoris) anabasus Linnavuori, 1984 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 296). Note: Linnavuori (1984: 39) (published on June 8, 1984), mentioned in the text species P. anabasus Kerzhner, accompanied with a onesentence short diagnosis sufﬁcient to establish the name as available, though without mentioning any type. The proper description of P. anabaseus [sic!] was published by Kerzhner Vol. 122(4) (1984: 40) in December 1984, including designation of the holotype and more paratypes. This nomenclatural problem was treated by Kerzhner (1993: 100) who claimed P. anabasus Linnavuori as an available name, considered P. anabaseus its junior subjective synonym, and designated the lectotype of P. anabasus. Paralaemocoris (Laemocorella) macrophthalmus Linnavuori, 1964a: 327. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: Repetek (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Paralaemocoris (Laemocorella) ahngeri (Reuter, 1901) (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1970: 644). Paralopus edithae Linnavuori, 1994b: 449. Holotype: ?, Israel: S. Distr., Hazeva (RLRF NMWC). Paramixia (Schroederiella) nigra pallidicornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 89. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sthenaridea nigra pallidicornis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 125). Paramixia (Schroederiella) paludicola Linnavuori, 1975f: 89. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sthenaridea paludicola (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 125). Paredrocoris gilanicus Linnavuori, 2006: 240. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Rustam Abad–Salan Sar (RLRF NMWC). Paredrocoris ilamicus Linnavuori, 2010: 386. Holotype: ?, Iran: Ilam, Ilam (RLRF [NMWC]). Note: Holotype not found in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Paredrocoris picticornis Linnavuori, 1997b: 348: Holotype: ?, Iran: Tehran, Kandovan (HMIM) Paurolygus aisopos Linnavuori, 1974e: 15. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Paurolygus ciliaris Linnavuori, 1974e: 20 (in key). Syntypes (listed by Linnavuori, 1975f: 30): 1 ?, Ethiopia: Wondo; 1 ?, Ethiopia: near Jiggiga (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 30) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 20) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. The specimens cited as types by Linnavuori (1975f: 30) represent the syntypes. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Peritropis maculicornis Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 179. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Al Mahﬁd (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Peritropis selene Linnavuori, 1994d: 151. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Socotra Island, Nogeed (RLRF NMWC). Peritropis vanharteni Linnavuori and Gorczyca, 2002: 184. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Kowd (RLRF NMWC). Peritropis wilsoni Linnavuori and Gorczyca, 2002: 186. Holotype: ?, Oman: Wadi Bari, Kharus, foothills of Jebel Akhdar, Ulyah. Blom., 23811 0 N 57840 0 E (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris advenus Linnavuori, 1975f: 20. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lalyo–Juba (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris aietes Linnavuori, 1971d: 127. Holotype: ?, Iran: Makran, SE of Nahu (SMNS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eriamiris) aietes Linnavuori, 1971 (see Linnavuori, 2000b: 172). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) albolineatus Linnavuori, 1984: 25. Holotype: ?, Jordan: near Azrak (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris alkaios Linnavuori, 1974e: 7. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) alpicola Linnavuori, 1992c: 9. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) amygdali Linnavuori, 1999c: 175. Holotype: ?, Iran: C Iran, 12 km NW of Dowlatabad (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) anabasidis Linnavuori, 1984: 22. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Diyala, Wadi Mandali (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) arakhne Linnavuori, 1999c: 177. Holotype: ?, Iran: S Iran, 6 km SSE of Shul (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) artemisiae Linnavuori, 1984: 22. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Muthanna, As Salman (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Phytocoris artemisiae Schilling, 1837, replaced by Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) somersojae Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995 (see Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995: 4). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) arwa Linnavuori and AlSafadi, 1993b: 182. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Maifa’ah (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris athenis Linnavuori, 1974e: 6. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). 571 Phytocoris (Eriamiris) attar Linnavuori, 2000b: 180. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Deh Shor 25 km N of Tabas (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) bakrianus Linnavuori, 2000a: 99. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, Deh Bekri [¼Deh Bakri] (NMPC). Phytocoris barikotus Linnavuori, 1974d: 393. Holotype: /, Afghanistan: Nuristan, 25 km N of Barikot (NHMW). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) barikotus Linnavuori, 1974 (see Linnavuori, 1999c: 173). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) bavanus Linnavuori, 2009: 18. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Bavan near Nur Abad (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris bilineatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 20. Holotype: /, Sudan: Kassala, Suakin (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) brevidens Linnavuori, 2000b: 184. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Sorond and Modar 70 km S of Tabas (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris bupalos Linnavuori, 1974e: 6. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris crito Linnavuori, 1972g: 166. Holotype: ?, Iran: Baluchistan, SW Iranshar, bank of Bampur (SMNS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) crito Linnavuori, 1972 (see Linnavuori, 2000a: 88). Phytocoris crotonis Linnavuori, 1975f: 22. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: lake Zuai (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris damocles Linnavuori, 1972g: 170. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: Repetek (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) damocles Linnavuori, 1972 (see Linnavuori, 2000a: 108). Note: Linnavuori (2000a: 108) mentioned Ph. damocles in the subgenus Eckerleinius in a comment under Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) kyzylkumi Muminov, 1989. This action was overlooked by Aukema et al. (2013). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) dashtanus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1998: 3. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Darreh Dasht (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) dehbidensis Linnavuori, 2000b: 185. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, 10 km S of Deh Bid (HMIM NMWC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) dentistylus Linnavuori, 1999c: 177. Holotype: ?, Iran: N Iran, Tehran, E Elburz, Eyn Varzan (NMPC). 572 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Phytocoris (Eriamiris) digla Linnavuori, 1974f: 33. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Wadi Digla (ZMAS). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) dike Linnavuori, 2000b: 186. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, 250 km NE of Yazd (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris djerablisus Linnavuori, 1974d: 396. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Djerablis on Euphrat (NHMW). Current status: Phytocoris (Eriamiris) djerablisus Linnavuori, 1974 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 131). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) dlabolai Linnavuori, 2000a: 84. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Kushk N of Masiri (NMPC). Phytocoris dorikha Linnavuori, 1974f: 29. Holotype: ?, Iran: Golestan, Shahkuh (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) dorikha Linnavuori, 1974 (see Linnavuori, 1999c: 173). Phytocoris dulcis Linnavuori, 1975f: 23. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris duplicatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 20. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) echinopis Linnavuori, 1984: 27. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Karbala, Nukhaib – km 160 (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 145) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Phytocoris eileithyia Linnavuori, 1971d: 130. Holotype: ?, Armenia: Migryi on Araks River (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) eileithyia Linnavuori, 1971 (see Linnavuori, 2000a: 87). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) elburzanus Linnavuori, 2000a: 79. Holotype: ?, Iran: Alborz, C. Elburz, Kandovan pass (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) enmerkar Linnavuori, 1984: 21. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Diyala, near Darbandikhan (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 141) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Phytocoris (Stictophytocoris) eunomia Linnavuori, 1992c: 5. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris excellens Linnavuori, 1975f: 20. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Vol. 122(4) Phytocoris (Ktenocoris) falcatus Linnavuori, 1984: 20. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Bolu (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) falcatus Linnavuori, 1984 (see Linnavuori, 1999c: 183). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) ﬁlomele Linnavuori, 2000a: 98. Holotype: ?, Iran: S Iran, Sivakht Dena (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) ﬂavus Linnavuori, 2000b: 174. Holotype: ?, Iran: SE Iran, 13 km SSE of Nikshahr river (NMPC). Phytocoris gandalicus Linnavuori, 1974f: 32. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Wadi Gandali (ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) gandalicus Linnavuori, 1984 (see Wagner and Weber, 1978: 20). Phytocoris geminus Linnavuori, 1975f: 19. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) gilgamesh Linnavuori, 1984: 26. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Karbala, Ukhaidir–Nukhaib (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 146) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) harmonia Linnavuori, 2000b: 170. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, 30 km W of Sabzevaran (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) heissi Linnavuori, 2002 in Heiss and Linnavuori (2002: 622). Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Golestan National Park, W of Dasht (EHIA NMWC). Note: The species is missing in the on-line catalogue of plant bugs (Schuh, 2013). Phytocoris hesperidum Linnavuori, 1970d: 91. Holotype: ?, Portugal: Lourinhã (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Phytocoris) hesperidum Linnavuori, 1970 (see Wagner and Weber, 1978: 6). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) hispidus Linnavuori, 1986c: 135. Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia: near Athnen (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris hissariensis Linnavuori, 1963: 75. Lectotype (designated by Kerzhner et al., 1997: 129): ?, Tajikistan: Gissar Ridge, Kvak near Kondara (ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Phytocoris) hissariensis Linnavuori, 1963 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 157). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) hoberlandti Linnavuori, 1999c: 185. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, Mohammadabad (NMPC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Phytocoris (Eriamiris) iactans Linnavuori, 1986c: 134. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Hasa (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris ion Linnavuori, 1973d: 80. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Phytocoris irroratus Linnavuori, 1965a: 51. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Hirfenli (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Phytocoris irroratus Blanchard, 1852, replaced by Phytocoris (Ktenocoris) raunoi Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995 (see Wagner, 1968a: 173; Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995: 4). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) kandovanus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1998: 5. Holotype: ?, Iran: Tehran, Kandovan (HMIM). Phytocoris kansisrob Linnavuori, 1975f: 20. Holotype: ?, Jebel Elba, Wadi Aideb and Wadi Kansisrob (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) kansisrob Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 130; see Rieger, 1989: 86). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) kermanus Linnavuori, 2000a: 82. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, Rayen, Kheyrabad (HMIM NMWC). Phytocoris kerzhneri Linnavuori, 1971d: 127. Holotype: ?, Iran: Baluchistan, Iranshar (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Phytocoris (Eriamiris) kerzhneri Linnavuori, 1971 (see Linnavuori, 2000b: 178). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) khalkhalicus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1998: 9. Holotype: ?, Iran: East Azerbaijan, 20–30 km E Khalkhal (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) koronis Linnavuori, 1992c: 7. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) laios Linnavuori, 1974f: 33. Holotype: ?, Iran: Semnan, Schachrud [¼Shahroud] (RLRF ZMAS). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) lugalbanda Linnavuori, 1984: 24. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Karbala, Ain Al Tamar–Ramadi (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 146) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Phytocoris maichewicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 22. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF NMWC). 573 Phytocoris mariut Linnavuori, 1974f: 32. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Kinji Mariut (ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) mariut Linnavuori, 1974 (see Wagner and Weber, 1978: 21). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) marvanus Linnavuori, 2000a: 96. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kerman, Qanat Marvan [¼Ghanat-e Marvan] (NMPC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) minabanus Linnavuori, 1999c: 179. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Minab (NMPC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) mirzanus Linnavuori, 2006: 220. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Golestan N.P., Mirza Bailoo E Dasht (RLRF [NMWC]). Note: Holotype not found in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Phytocoris moira Linnavuori, 1972g: 166. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: Balla–Ishem (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) moira Linnavuori, 1972 (see V. G. Putshkov, 1976: 49). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) monoceros Linnavuori, 1999c: 185. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, 13 km SSW Yasuj (NMPC). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) monticola Linnavuori, 1986c: 130. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Athnen (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) nabataeus Linnavuori, 1984: 23. Holotype: ?, Jordan: Petra (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) nafudicus Linnavuori, 1986c: 132. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Hail– Jubbah (RLRF AMNH). Phytocoris ohataensis Linnavuori, 1963: 74. Holotype: /, Japan: Honshu, Ohata, Mutsu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Phytocoris) ohataensis Linnavuori, 1963 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 158; Yasunaga and Schwartz, 2015: 43). Phytocoris oleae Linnavuori, 1962a: 77. Holotype: ?, Israel: Jerusalem (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) oleae Linnavuori, 1962 (see Wagner, 1974a: 155; Rieger, 1989: 86). Phytocoris paghmanus Linnavuori, 1974d: 397. Holotype: ?, Afghanistan: Paghman, 30 km NW of Kabul (NHMW). Current status: Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) paghmanus Linnavuori, 1974 (see Linnavuori, 1999c: 183). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) paveli Linnavuori, 1972g: 173. Holotype: /, Sudan: Erkowit (PSPC). 574 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) phaedo Linnavuori, 1972g: 160. Holotype: ?, Russia: VercheDnjeprovka, River Ural, N of Orenburg (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) incanus Fieber, 1864 (synonymized by Muminov, 1989: 642). Phytocoris procerus Linnavuori, 1975f: 21. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near lake Zuai (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris psole Linnavuori, 1973d: 78. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) rostratus Linnavuori, 2000b: 181. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, 10 km S of Deh Bid (HMIM NMWC). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Phytocoris rostratus Knight, 1968. Replaced here by the following new substitute name: Phytocoris (Eriamiris) rostriformis Kment and Carapezza, nom. nov. Note: Linnavuori (2000b) chose the species name rostratus in reference to its beak-like apical process of the spiculum. To keep his idea we rename the species using the Latin adjective rostriformis (-is, -e), meaning ‘in form of beak’. Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) sahragardi Linnavuori, 2006: 219. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Manjil (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) shorensis Linnavuori, 2000a: 93. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Deh Shor 25 km N of Tabas (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris signaticollis Linnavuori, 1960c: 59. Holotype: ?, Israel: Shimron (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) signaticollis Linnavuori, 1960 (see Wagner, 1974a: 150). Phytocoris strigilifer Linnavuori, 1965d: 264. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (coll. Eckerlein MHNG, see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 139). Current status: Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) strigilifer Linnavuori, 1965 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 131). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) stysi Linnavuori, 2008b: 385. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, near Lali (RLRF [NMWC]). Phytocoris suadela Linnavuori, 1972g: 168. Holotype: ?, Tajikistan (as Kazakhstan, in error): river Hozor-mets [¼Hozor-Mech], Iskander-kul [lake] (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) suadela Linnavuori, 1972 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 144). Vol. 122(4) Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) sweihanus Linnavuori and van Harten, 2006b: 15. Holotype: /, United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi Emirate, National Avian Research Centre near Sweihan (RLRF NMWC). Phytocoris swirskii Linnavuori, 1960c: 60. Holotype: ?, Israel: Rehovot (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) swirskii Linnavuori, 1960 (see Wagner, 1968b: 49, 1974a: 242). Phytocoris (Ribautomiris) tauricola Linnavuori, 1965a: 50. Holotype: /, Turkey: Gülek (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) tauricola Linnavuori, 1965 (see Rieger, 1989: 86). Phytocoris thamyris Linnavuori, 1972g: 173. Holotype: ?, Asian Kazakhstan: Kojlibai [¼Koylibai], NE of M. Barsuki [¼Malye Barsuki Sands] (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) kiritschenkoi Poppius, 1912 (synonymized by Muminov, 1989: 641). Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) thisbe Linnavuori, 1999c: 181. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, W slope of Deno Mt. (NMPC). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) thymi Linnavuori, 1984: 25. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Muthanna, Abu Ghar (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 147) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Phytocoris (Eriamiris) tibullus Linnavuori, 2000b: 173. Holotype: ?, Iran: S Iran, Iashak 60 km SE of Khormuj (NMPC). Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) tithonos Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 181. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Al Mahﬁd (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Phytocoris tristis Linnavuori, 1965a: 50. Holotype: ?, Turkey: near G ülek (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Phytocoris tristis Blanchard, 1852, replaced by Phytocoris (Stictophytocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner and Schuh, 1998 (see Wagner, 1974a: 150; Kerzhner and Schuh, 1998: 171). Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) zenobia Linnavuori, 1994g: 42. Holotype: ?, Greece: Rhodos Island, Afandou (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species is missing in the on-line catalogue of plant bugs (Schuh, 2013). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Pilophorus erraticus Linnavuori, 1962e: 170. Lectotype (designated by Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 282): ?, Japan: Honshu, Karuizawa, Shinano (RLRF AMNH). Note: Linnavuori (1962e: 170) based the description of this taxon on the following material studied: ‘Japan: Honshu, Karuizawa, Shinamo [sic!], 1 ? and 1 / (types), 3.VIII.1959, S. Miyamoto’. Kerzhner (1993: 100) provided the following comment on P. erraticus and P. alni Josifov, 1987: ‘I examined the holotype of P. erraticus (RL) and 2 paratypes (male and female) of P. alni (ZIS)’. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 282) accepted the Kerzhner’s (1993) action as designation of lectotype. However, in our opinion Kerzhner’s (1993) action does not fulﬁl requirements of the Articles 74.5 (the choice of the ‘holotype’ as name-bearing type was not explicite as it was not speciﬁed which specimen, ? or /, he considered the holotype) and 74.6 (the taxon was clearly described according to two specimens) of the ICZN (1999) and therefore does not constitute valid lectotype designation. Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 282) explicitely identiﬁed the lectotype as the male specimen and their action represents the valid lectotype designation. Pilophorus lucidus Linnavuori, 1962e: 172. Syntypes: 2 ??, Japan: Kyushu, Fukuoka, Hirao (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Pilophorus minutissimus Linnavuori, 1975f: 59. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Lalyo–Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Lalyocoris minutissimus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 136). Pilophorus miyamotoi Linnavuori, 1961f: 165. Holotype: ?, Japan: Kyushu, Fukuoka (KUEC AMNH). Pilophorus pilosus brevicollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 59. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Pilophorus ponderosus Linnavuori, 1962e: 171. Holotype: /, Italy: Sardinia, Oristano (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Pilophorus confusus (Kirschbaum, 1856) (synonymized by Wagner, 1969: 281 with P. gallicus Remane, 1954; Josifov, 1989: 8 synonymized P. gallicus with P. confusus). Plagiognathidea ﬂavescens Linnavuori, 1975f: 98. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Turit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). 575 Plagiognathidea grisescens atricapillus Linnavuori, 1975f: 98. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, El Obeid (RLRF AMNH). Junior subjective synonym of Plagiognathidea grisescens Poppius, 1914 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 231) Plagiognathidea minuta Linnavuori, 1975f: 98. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF). Plagiognathidea simplex Linnavuori, 1975f: 98. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Plagiognathus (Chlorillus) amygdali Linnavuori, 1965a: 59. Holotype: ?, Turkey: near Bolu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Leucodellus amygdali (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Konstantinov, 2012: 21). Plagiognathus (Plagiognathus) marivanensis Linnavuori, 2010: 389. Holotype: ?, Iran: West Azerbaijan, near Sardasht (RLRF [NMWC]). Note. Holotype not found in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] curtipes Linnavuori, 1975f: 79. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus curtipes (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 74). Note: In most of his papers Linnavuori misspelled Plagiorhamma as Plagiorrhamma. Plagiorrhamma [sic!] jocosulus Linnavuori, 1975f: 79. Holotype: /, Sudan: Kassala, Kassala– Halya (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Hallodapus jocosulus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 291) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] jocosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 79. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Lalyo–Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus jocosus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 76). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] katangana Linnavuori, 1973d: 89. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus katanganus (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77), gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species name is latinized geographical adjective katanganus (-a, -um). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] lucidulus Linnavuori, 1975f: 79. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus 576 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA lucidulus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 76). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] maxima Linnavuori, 1973d: 89. Holotype: /, Kenya: East Africa, Madji, Madzuru (ZMAS). Current status: Hallodapus maximus (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Note: In the type on-line register of the AMNH the type is listed as deposited there (Anonymus, 2005), but both the locality and the photo do not agree; the photo apparently belongs to a Compsidolon species. Plagiorrhamma [sic!] monticolus Linnavuori, 1975f: 77. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus monticolus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective monticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun monticola, meaning inhabitant of mountains; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] pseudoconcolor Linnavuori, 1984: 40. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, Sarsang (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus pseudoconcolor (Linnavuori, 1984) (see Linnavuori, 1993g: 254). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] punctatulus Linnavuori, 1975f: 77. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Hallodapus basilewskyi (Carvalho, 1951) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Note: The species had already been listed as Plagiorrhamma punctatula Linnavuori in Linnavuori (1973d: 72) as an unavailable name (nomen nudum). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] quadripunctatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 78. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus quadripunctatus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 71). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] ruﬁcollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 77. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Kassala– Halya (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus ruﬁcollis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] sororculus Linnavuori, 1975f: 79. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus soror- Vol. 122(4) culus (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 77). Plagiorrhamma [sic!] stami Linnavuori, 1973d: 88. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Current status: Hallodapus stami (Linnavuori, 1973) (see Linnavuori, 1996: 76). Platycapsus lateralis Linnavuori, 1975f: 11. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Platycapsus pilosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 10. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Platycranus (Genistocapsus) alkestis Linnavuori, 1999a: 39: Holotype: ?, Greece: Rhodos Island, Petaloudes (RLRF NMWC). Platycranus jordanicus Linnavuori, 1984: 32. Holotype: ?, Jordan: near Azrak (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Platycranus (Platycranus) putoni Reuter, 1879 (synonymized by Knyshov and Konstantinov, 2013: 220). Platycranus orientalis Linnavuori, 1965a: 50. Holotype: ?, Turkey: Hirfenli (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Platycranus (Genistocapsus) remanei Wagner, 1955 (synonymized by Knyshov and Konstantinov, 2013: 239). Pleurochiloporus [sic!] dorikha Linnavuori, 1974e: 9. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Pleurochilophorus dorikha Linnavuori, 1974 (see Schuh, 1995: 922; Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 181). Pleurochiloporus [sic!] marginicollis Linnavuori, 1974e: 9. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NW [¼Niger] State, Bida CRH (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pleurochilophorus marginicollis Linnavuori, 1974 (see Schuh, 1995: 922; Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 181). Pleurochiloporus [sic!] pyrrha Linnavuori, 1974f: 26. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pleurochilophorus pyrrha Linnavuori, 1974 (see Schuh, 1995: 922; Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 181). Pleurochiloporus [sic!] rubrinervis Linnavuori, 1974f: 26 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 18, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: Machi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pleurochilophorus rubrinervis Linnavuori, 1974 (see Schuh, 1995: 922; Chérot and Malipatil, 2016: 181). Note: The intended original description by 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Linnavuori (1975f: 18) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974f: 26; published on September 1, 1974) and Linnavuori (1974e: 9; published on November 1974) which makes the name available from the ﬁrst publication; no types were established in the key though it is apparent the species was based at least on one male and one female, and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (together with four paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 18) as a valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for only one of the syntypes. Polymerus (Polymerus) alkadanus Linnavuori and van Harten, 2005: 87. Holotype: /, Yemen: Al Hudaydah, Al Kadan (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Dichelocentrum alkadanum (Linnavuori and van Harten, 2005) (see Gapon, 2014: 85). Polymerus (Polymerus) ﬂora Linnavuori and van Harten, 2005: 89. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Hudaydah, Al Kadan (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Dichelocentrum ﬂora (Linnavuori and van Harten, 2005) (see Gapon, 2014: 78). Polymerus (Poeciloscytus) forughae Linnavuori and Hosseini, 2000a: 191. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Manjil (RLRF NMWC). Polymerus xerophilus Linnavuori, 1975f: 47. Holotype: /, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Dichelocentrum ornatifrons (Odhiambo, 1959) (synonymized by Gapon, 2014: 79). Pongocoris Linnavuori, 1975f: 75 (subgenus of Glaphyrocoris Reuter, 1903). Type species: Glaphyrocoris operius Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Current status: Valid genus (upgraded by Linnavuori, 1996: 62). Proboscidocoris (Prosopicoris) asper Linnavuori, 1975f: 47. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Proboscidocoris (Proboscidocoris) bifasciatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 46. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit (RLRF NMWC). Proboscidocoris kadmos Linnavuori, 1974e: 36. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W [¼Ondo] State, Idanre (RLRF NMWC). Proboscidocoris (Proboscidocoris) saginatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 47. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). 577 Proboscidocoris (Proboscidocoris) tamburanus Linnavuori, 1975f: 45. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Tambura–Wau (RLRF NMWC). Prodromus ibbaicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 4. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba–Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Psallomimus atripes Linnavuori, 1986c: 164. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Asir National Park, near Abha (EHIA). Current status: Campylomma atripes (Linnavuori, 1986) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 247). Psallomimus bicoloripes plagiatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 111. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoesta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Psallomimus lateralis Poppius, 1914 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 229). Psallomimus insignitus Linnavuori, 1975f: 111. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kateri–Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma insignitum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 248), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Psallomimus iokaste Linnavuori, 1993a: 229. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Psallomimus nigricornis Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001: 235. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz (RLRF NMWC). Psallomimus ornatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 110. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Tendelti–Umm Ruwaba (RLRF AMNH). Psallomimus tibialis Linnavuori, 1975f: 111. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma tibiale (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 248), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Psallomimus tihama Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993b: 192. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, The Tihama, 20 km S of Hais (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Psallops grandoculus Linnavuori and Alâmy, 1982: 90. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Abha, Gizan, Wadi ad Dilla (NHMB). Psallopsis bisulcis Linnavuori, 1961b: 12. Holotype: ?, Israel: ‘Palestine’ (RLRF AMNH). Psallus (Psallus) amygdali Linnavuori, 1998b: 39: Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, 16 km E Sa’adatshahr (HMIM). Psallus badius Linnavuori, 1951c: 106. Holotype: /, Israel: Jerusalem (UZMT). Current status: 578 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Junior subjective synonym of Compsidolon (Compsidolon) elegantulum Reuter, 1899 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1953b: 109). Psallus (Compsidolon) beduinus Linnavuori, 1966b: 363 [¼263]. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Sinai, Wadi Feiran (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Compsidolon pumilum (Jakovlev, 1876) (synonymized by Wagner, 1975: 143). Psallus (Phylidea) drosopoulosi Linnavuori, 1992c: 23. Holotype: ?, Greece: Peloponnesus, Mt. Parnon near Agios Petros (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Psallus (Hylopsallus) drosopoulosi Linnavuori, 1992 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 403). Psallus galilaeus Linnavuori, 1965a: 57. Holotype: ?, Israel: Tivon (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Psallus (Psallus) galilaeus Linnavuori, 1965 (see Wagner, 1975: 198). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 414) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Psallus jurorum Linnavuori, 1975f: 94. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Supsallus jurorum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 214; Carapezza and Kment, 2017). Psallus kyushuensis Linnavuori, 1961f: 168. Syntypes: 1 ? 2 //, Japan: Kyushu, Fukuoka (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Kasumiphylus kyushuensis (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Schwartz and Stonedahl, 2004: 49). Psallus (Psallus) pseudopunctulatus Linnavuori, 1984: 49. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Jebel Sinjar (RLRF AMNH). Psallus salviae Linnavuori, 1961b: 20. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Carmel, Haifa (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Compsidolon (Apsinthophylus) salviae (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Wagner, 1975: 139). Psallus senjoensis Linnavuori, 1961f: 167. Lectotype (designated by Yasunaga, 1999: 187, as holotype): ?, Japan: Honshu, Kitazawa, Mt. Senjo (AMNH). Current status: Europiella senjoensis (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Schuh, 2001: 251). Note: We consider the holotype designation by Yasunaga (1999: 187) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) as he explicitely used the term holotype for one of the syntypes. Vol. 122(4) Psallus (Compsidolon) sinaiticus Linnavuori, 1964a: 331. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Sinai, Wadi Feiran (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Camptotylidea sinaitica (Linnavuori, 1964) (see Linnavuori, 1997b: 343). Psallus (Apocremnus) skylla Linnavuori, 1994f: 27. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Hermon (RLRF NMWC). Psallus (Psallus) shulsangaricus Linnavuori, 2010: 392. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Shul–Sangar (RLRF [NMWC]). Pseudoloxops amabilis Linnavuori, 1986c: 142. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Wadi Liyah S of Taif (RLRF NMWC). Pseudoloxops amﬁtrite Linnavuori, 1994e: 28. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Taraba], near Mai Fula (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops galateia Linnavuori, 1994e: 28. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops nike Linnavuori, 1994e: 26. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: E C St. [¼Enugu State], Nsukka (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops ninos Linnavuori, 1994e: 26. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NE St. [¼Gombe State], Kaltungo (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops niobe Linnavuori, 1994e: 23. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NC St. [¼Kaduna State], Zaria (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops sangrudanus Linnavuori, 2006: 227. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Sang Rud (RLRF NMWC). Pseudoloxops sudanicus Linnavuori, 1975f: 54. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Kassala (RLRF AMNH). Pseudoloxops thetis Linnavuori, 1994e: 24. Holotype: /, Nigeria: W St. [¼Oyo State], IgbohoKishi (RLRF AMNH). Roudairea atargatis Linnavuori, 1971g: 1. Holotype: /, Iran: Sistan and Baluchestan, Makran, Kahuran near Putab (SMNS). Ruwaba Linnavuori, 1975f: 71. Type species: Ruwaba elegans Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Ruwaba elegans Linnavuori, 1975f: 71. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Tendelti–Umm Ruwaba (RLRF AMNH). Ruwaba glabriceps Linnavuori and Alâmy, 1982: 92. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Hieth (NHMB). Sahlbergella lais Linnavuori, 1973f: 68. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Salicarius [sic!] urnammu Linnavuori, 1984: 51. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah, near Halabja (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Salicarus urnammu Linnavuori, 1984 (cf. Schuh, 1995: 428). Schoutedenomiris longicornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 18. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF NMWC). Shendina Linnavuori, 1975f: 80. Type species: Shendina globiceps Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Shendina globiceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 80. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Shendi– Wad Hassuna (RLRF AMNH). Skukuza manakhah Linnavuori and van Harten, 2005: 91. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, 12 km NW of Manakhah (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species is missing in the on-line catalogue of plant bugs (Schuh, 2013). Skukuza somalica Linnavuori, 1975f: 69. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF AMNH). Somalocoris Linnavuori, 1975f: 81. Type species: Somalocoris pulcher Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Somalocoris acaciae Linnavuori, 1986c: 175. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: 50 km E of Najran (RLRF AMNH). Somalocoris pulcher Linnavuori, 1975f: 81. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Borama (RLRF AMNH). Sphinctothorax striatulus Linnavuori, 1973j: 140. Holotype: ?, South Africa: Cape of Good Hope (NHRS). Notes: The volume 93(4) of Entomologisk Tidskrift including the original description of this species was published on March 20, 1973 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1972 as supposed previously (cf. Schuh, 2013). The species epithet is misspelled as stridulatus in Schuh (1995: 671; 2013). Stenocapsus admittens Linnavuori, 1975f: 109. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba– Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma admittens (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 251). Stenocapsus crotonicolus Linnavuori, 1975f: 109. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma crotonicolum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 250), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). 579 Stenocapsus minutus Linnavuori, 1975f: 109. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma minutum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 254), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Stenotus aureus Linnavuori, 1975f: 29. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF NMWC). Stenotus chryseis Linnavuori, 1974f: 18. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Stenotus hathor probus Linnavuori, 1975f: 29. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Stenotus klepsydra Linnavuori, 1974f: 19. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Aloma Plateau, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF NMWC). Stenotus proitos Linnavuori, 1974f: 34. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Lake Zuai (RLRF AMNH). Stenotus rubrocinctus Linnavuori, 1961f: 157. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Kyushu, Unagi, Satsuma (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Stenotus rubrovittatus (Matsumura, 1913) (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1972: 284). Stethoconus ocularis Linnavuori, 1995c: 34. Holotype: /, Iraq: Dahuk, Sarsang (RLRF NMWC). Stethoconus rhoksane Linnavuori, 1995c: 37. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz, Ta’izz–At Turbah (RLRF NMWC). Sthenaromma Linnavuori, 1975f: 108 (subgenus of Campylomma Reuter, 1878). Type species: Campylomma acaciae Linnavuori, 1961, original designation. Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Campylomma Reuter, 1878 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993a: 240). Sthenaropsis convolvuli Linnavuori, 1984: 52. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Basrah, near Safwan (RLRF AMNH). Sthenaropsis fedori Linnavuori, 2010: 395. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, Zeydoon (RLRF NMWC). Sthenaropsis gracilicornis Linnavuori, 1964c: 211. Holotype: /, Tadzhikistan: Dzhili-kul’ on river Vahsh (RLRF ZMAS). Sthenaropsis kuhestak Linnavuori, 2004a: 20. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Kuhestak (RLRF NMWC). Sthenaropsis lamellaris Linnavuori, 1986c: 167. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Najran (RLRF AMNH). 580 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Sthenaropsis piperatus Linnavuori, 1964c: 213. Holotype: /, Bukhara, Ajak-agytjama (ZMAS). Current status: Sthenaropsis piperata Linnavuori, 1964 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 426). Sthenaropsis schachrudicus Linnavuori, 1964c: 212. Holotype: ?, Iran: Semnan, Schachrud [¼Shahroud] (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Sthenaropsis schachrudica Linnavuori, 1964 (see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 426). Sthenaropsis zeydoonica Linnavuori, 2010: 396. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, Zeydoon (RLRF NMWC). Stigmocorista crassa Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma crassum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 259), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Stigmocorista marcida Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma marcidum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 258). Stigmocorista pulicariae Linnavuori, 1986c: 173. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Najran (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma pulicariae (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 260). Stigmocorista rorida Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Campylomma roridum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 260), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Stigmocorista velata Linnavuori, 1975f: 95. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Campylomma velatum (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 260), gender agreement corrected here (see Table 4). Stirophylus erinys Linnavuori, 1971d: 132. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Ed Damer [¼Ad-Damar] (RLRF AMNH). Stirophylus lineatus Linnavuori, 1971d: 132. Holotype: /, Yemen: Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF AMNH). Strongylocoris enki Linnavuori, 1984: 35. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, near Aqra (RLRF AMNH). Supsallus Linnavuori, 1993a: 214 (subgenus of Psallus Fieber, 1858). Type species: Psallus jurorum Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Vol. 122(4) Systellonotidea malumfashi Linnavuori, 1996: 41. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N C St. [¼Katsina State], Malumfashi (RLRF AMNH). Systellonotidea numitor Linnavuori, 1996: 40. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Systellonotus jirandehanus Linnavuori and Hosseini, 1998: 11. Holotype: /, Iran: Gilan, Sang Rud–Jirandeh (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species name is misspelled as S. jirhandehanus in Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 298) and Aukema et al. (2013: 280). Systellonotus lesbia Linnavuori, 1972b: 44. Holotype: ?, Russia: Altai Mts., Kosh-Agetsh (RLRF AMNH). Systellonotus usaiﬁrae Linnavuori, 1972b: 42. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Usaiﬁra, 1 mile north of Ta’izz (BMNH). Systellonotus wagneri Linnavuori, 1964b: 328. Lectotype (Kerzhner et al., 1997: 136): ?, Iran, Semnan, Schachrud [¼Shahroud] (ZMAS). Note: Linnavuori (1964a: 328–329) transferred Laemocoris wagneri Kiritshenko to the genus Systellonotus, provided redescription, and cited material studied as ‘Iran, Schachrud, 1 ? and 2 //, Kiritshenko’. However, Kiritshenko has never described the species therefore Linnavuori is the proper author of the name. Kerzhner et al. (1997: 136) designated the lectotype of the species ascribing it to R. Linnavuori (see also Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 299). Taeniophorus Linnavuori, 1952c: 36. Type species: Taeniophorus hyalinus Linnavuori, 1952c, original designation. Taeniophorus grandoculus Linnavuori, 1984: 42. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dhi Ghar, Nasiriyah–Abu Ghar (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Camptotylidea astarte (Linnavuori, 1971) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1990b: 60). Taeniophorus hyalinus Linnavuori, 1952c: 37. Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1990b: 63, by naming the second syntype from RLRF as ‘allotype’; see Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 427): ?, Turkmenistan: ‘Turcmenia’ (UZMT). Taylorilygus aristogeiton Linnavuori, 1974e: 33. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygus aristogeiton’. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Taylorilygus caucanthus Linnavuori, 1975f: 34. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near lake Langanno (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus compactus Linnavuori, 1975f: 36. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: Kerzhner and Josifov (1999: 180) listed holotype deposited in AMNH, but it is not listed in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Notes: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygus compactus’. The original description does not mention any host plant of the species, but one of the labels of the holotype speciﬁes that it was collected on Caucanthus auriculatus (Malpighiaceae). Taylorilygus dispar Linnavuori, 1975f: 34. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF NMWC). Note: The name of the species in the handwritten label of the holotype is indicated as ‘Lygus dispar’. Taylorilygus ﬁguratus Linnavuori, 1975f: 32. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Harrar (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus longicornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 35. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus maia Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001: 231. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz (RLRF NMWC). Taylorilygus morosus Linnavuori, 1975f: 32. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Jebel Jihaf (BMNH). Taylorilygus nairobiensis atricollis Linnavuori, 1975f: 34. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF NMWC). Current status: New junior objective synonym of Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974 (here established). Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974a: 32 (in key). Lectotype (here designated): ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (holotype of T. nairobiensis atricollis) (RLRF NMWC). Note: The intended original description of this taxon by Linnavuori (1975f: 34, as T. n. atricollis) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 32) where the taxon appeared as T. n. nigricollis, which makes the latter name available and a senior objective synonym of T. n. atricollis. No types were 581 established in the key and the type locality was cited as lowland areas of Sudan. As there is no doubt that the species was based on the same type material like T. n. atricollis Linnavuori, 1975, we designate here the holotype of T. nairobiensis atricollis Linnavuori, 1975 as the lectotype of T. nairobiensis nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974 to avoid future confusion and ﬁx both taxa as objective synonyms. The common holotype of T. n. atricollis and lectotype of T. n. nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974 bears the following labels: ‘typus [red, printed] // Sudan.Equatoria / Aloma plateau / Yei-lwatoka road / 12-13.iv.63 / Linnavuori [printed] // Lygus nairobiensis atricollis [handwritten] // HOLOTYPUS / TAYLORILYGUS / NAIROBIENSIS ATRICOLLIS / Linna vuori, 1 97 5 / la be l: KmentþCarapezza 2017 [red, printed] // LECTOTYPUS / TAYLORILYGUS / NAIROBIENSIS NIGRICOLLIS / Linnavuori, 1974 / des. Kment & Carapezza 2017 [red, printed]’. Taylorilygus obscuripes plagiatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 32. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus olivaceus Linnavuori, 1973d: 80. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF NMWC). Taylorilygus pseudopunctatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 34. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus rubripes Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001: 233. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF NMWC). Taylorilygus subdivergens Linnavuori, 1974e: 34. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Usaiﬁra (BMNH). Taylorilygus suturalis Linnavuori, 1975f: 35. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Tendelti–Umm Ruwaba (RLRF AMNH). Taylorilygus tessellatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 34. Holotype: ?, Somalia, Argeisa (RLRF AMNH). Termatophylum ehsanae Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002a: 221. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ta’izz (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species epithet is misspelled as eshaneae in Schuh (2013). Termatophylum rhea Linnavuori, 1974e: 3. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Thoth Linnavuori, 1993a: 211. Type species: Thoth punctipes Linnavuori, 1993, original designation. 582 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Thoth arsippe Linnavuori, 1993a: 213. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B P1 St. [¼Plateau State], Gangare Kibo [¼Gengere Kibo] (RLRF NMWC). Thoth mandane Linnavuori, 1993a: 213. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF NMWC). Thoth ocellaris Linnavuori, 1993a: 213. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: B PI St. [¼Benue State], Makurdi (RLRF NMWC). Thoth oreithyia Linnavuori, 1993a: 214. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Man (RLRF NMWC). Thoth punctipes Linnavuori, 1993a: 212. Holotype: /, Nigeria: M W St. [¼Edo State], Sapoba forest (RLRF NMWC). Thymopsallus Linnavuori, 1975f: 103. Type species: Thymopsallus alpinus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Thymopsallus alpinus Linnavuori, 1975f: 103. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mussolini Pass [¼Tarma Ber, near Debre Sina tunnel, 3.200 m, 9851 0 N 39844 0 ] (RLRF AMNH). Thymopsallus ericetorum Linnavuori, 1975f: 103. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF AMNH). Tinginotum deukalion Linnavuori, 1974e: 10. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Tinginotum lucidiceps Linnavuori, 1975f: 31. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Tinginotum perlatum Linnavuori, 1961f: 155. Syntypes: 1 ? 1 /, Japan: Kyushu, Hikosan, Buzen (KUEC, RLRF AMNH). Tinginotum sabulicolum Linnavuori, 1975f: 30. Holotype: /, Sudan: Darfur, Ed Daein (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective sabulicolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun sabulicola, meaning inhabitant of sands; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Tinginotum strigiliferum Linnavuori, 1974e: 11. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Tinicephalus dentifer Linnavuori, 1965a: 28. Holotype: ?, Spanish Morocco: Melilla (RLRF AMNH). Tinicephalus vicarius Linnavuori, 1984: 42. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, near Brozah (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Valid species, but possibly a junior subjective synonym of Tinice- Vol. 122(4) phalus dentifer Linnavuori, 1965 (see Matocq, 2007: 175). Trichophorella monticola Linnavuori, 1975f: 64. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Trichophorella ocellaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 64. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei– Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Trichophorella rubella Odhiambo, 1960 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1996: 16). Trichophorella palustris Linnavuori, 1975f: 64. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Trichophorella sordidipennis palustris Linnavuori, 1975 (downgraded by Linnavuori, 1996: 15). Trichophorella perplexa Linnavuori, 1996: 14. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lalyo (RLRF AMNH). Trichophorella pilipes Linnavuori, 1975f: 64. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Trichophorella splendida Linnavuori, 1984: 37. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF AMNH). Trichophorella vicaria Linnavuori, 1973d: 85. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Trichophthalmocapsus longicornis Linnavuori, 1996: 66. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: near Zahran (RLRF NMWC). Trichophthalmocapsus microphthalmus Linnavuori, 1996: 67. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Kadugli (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia (Tuponia) adenica Linnavuori, 1975f: 111. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Labej–Dhala road (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia albomarginata Linnavuori, 1961b: 26. Holotype: ?, Israel: Tanninim (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) hippophaes (Fieber, 1861) (synonymized by Carapezza, 1997: 186). Tuponia concinnoides Linnavuori, 1961b: 31. Holotype: ?, Israel: Beer–Mashash (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) concinnoides Linnavuori, 1961 (see Linnavuori, 1975f: 113). Tuponia (Tuponia) dehshorana Linnavuori, 1997a: 317: Holotype: ?, Iran: Khorasan, Deh Shor (RLRF NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) diversa Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Dogali (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) ﬁlomele Linnavuori, 1995a: 209. Holotype: ?, Israel: Wadi Paran (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia (Tuponia) hosseinii Linnavuori, 2004a: 26. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Minab (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) inessae Linnavuori, 2004a: 27. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Gurband (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia (Tuponia) kurdestanica Linnavuori, 2010: 404. Holotype: ?, Iran: Kurdestan, near Sanandai (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia lethierryi vulnerata Linnavuori, 1961: 25. Holotype: ?, Israel, Hula (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Tuponia (Tuponia) mixticolor (A. Costa, 1862) (synonymized by Ribes and Ribes, 1996: 120). Tuponia luniensis Linnavuori, 1974c: 169. Holotype: ?, India: Rajasthan, Luni River, 40 km S of Jodhpur (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tuponia (Tuponia) luniensis Linnavuori, 1974. The species is included here in the nominotypical subgenus because Linnavuori (1974c) speciﬁed that it belongs to the T. tamaricis group belonging to Tuponia s. str. Tuponia minutissima Linnavuori, 1961b: 34. Holotype: ?, Israel: ’Ein Gedi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) minutissima Linnavuori, 1961 (see Wagner, 1975: 457). Tuponia (Tuponia) ninhursag Linnavuori, 1984: 53. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al-Anbar, Anah–Al Qaim (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Tuponia (Tuponia) algirica Eckerlein and Wagner, 1965 (synonymized by Carapezza, 1997: 181). Tuponia (Tuponia) ninlil Linnavuori, 1984: 54. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dhi Qar, Nasiriyah–Abu Ghar (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia nupta Linnavuori, 1961b: 26. Holotype: ?, Israel: Revivim (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Eurycranella nupta (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Eckerlein and Wagner, 1969: 191). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) ornatipes Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Dogali (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia (Tuponia) picticornis Linnavuori, 2004a: 24. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Minab (RLRF NMWC). 583 Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) platycranoides Linnavuori, 1975f: 112. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, Bir-el-Azab (BMNH). Tuponia (Tuponia) pungens Linnavuori, 1986c: 184. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Wadi Shuqub, Turabah (NHMB). Tuponia (Tuponia) semele Linnavuori, 1995a: 206. Holotype: ?, Israel: Hazeva (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) shadeganica Linnavuori, 2010: 402. Holotype: ?, Iran: Khuzestan, Shadegan (RLRF NMWC). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) shamash Linnavuori, 1984: 55. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al-Anbar, Anah– Al Qaim (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Anonychiella alhagicola shamash (Linnavuori, 1984) (downgraded by Carapezza, 1997: 127). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) shulgi Linnavuori, 1984: 55. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) somalica Linnavuori, 1975f: 113. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Daragodleb (RLRF AMNH). Tuponia statices anatolica Linnavuori, 1965a: 60. Holotype: /, Turkey: 50 km S of Aksaray (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tuponia (Chlorotuponia) anatolica Linnavuori, 1965 (raised to species rank by Drapolyuk, 1982: 168). Verdeius Linnavuori, 1975f: 43 (subgenus of Orthops Fieber, 1858). Type species: Lygus lavandulae (Lindberg, 1958), original designation. Volumnus rufus Linnavuori, 1997b: 327: Holotype: ?, Yemen: Socotra Island, Hadiboh (RLRF NMWC). Voruchiella rubrinervis Linnavuori, 1986c: 179. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Abqaiq (RLRF AMNH). Waupsallus Linnavuori, 1975f: 90. Type species: Waupsallus rubromaculatus Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Waupsallus dentatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 91. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Machi (RLRF AMNH). Waupsallus hilaris Linnavuori, 1975f: 92. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta– Boma (RLRF NMWC). Waupsallus ptah Linnavuori, 1993a: 195. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Kaduna State], Zaria (RLRF NMWC). Waupsallus rubromaculatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 91. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba– Yambio (RLRF AMNH). 584 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Waupsallus tricuspidatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 91. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Yambio Linnavuori, 1975f: 25. Type species: Yambio chaetacme Linnavuori, 1975, subsequent designation. Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Volumnus St ål, 1965 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1980: 3). Note: The genus Yambio was mentioned already by Linnavuori (1974e: 11–12) as that paper preceded the intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f). However, Linnavuori (1974e) did not list the type species of the genus Yambio, which does not make the name Yambio available from Linnavuori (1974e). Yambio chaetacme Linnavuori, 1974e: 12 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 25, as holotype): ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Volumnus chaetacme (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Linnavuori, 1980: 3). Notes: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 25) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 12) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Sudan. We consider the holotype designation (together with several paratypes) by Linnavuori (1975f: 25) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for only one of the syntypes. According to the ICZN (1999: Article 11.9.3) ‘a species-group name must be published in unambiguous combination with a generic name (either explicit, or implicit by context)’. However, ‘the generic name need not be valid or even available’ (ICZN, 1999: Article 11.9.3.1) therefore the circumstances of its description have no inﬂuence on availability of the species from its original description. Yambio clavicornis Linnavuori, 1974e: 12 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975f: 26, as holotype): /, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Volumnus clavicornis (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Linnavuori, 1980: 3). Notes: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975f: 26) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1974e: 12) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key Vol. 122(4) and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (the only type specimen) by Linnavuori (1975f: 26) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for the single syntype. According to the ICZN (1999: Article 11.9.3) ‘a species-group name must be published in unambiguous combination with a generic name (either explicit, or implicit by context)’. However, ‘the generic name need not be valid or even available’ (ICZN, 1999: Article 11.9.3.1) therefore the circumstances of its description have no inﬂuence on availability of the species from its original description. Yambio mimnermos Linnavuori, 1974e: 11. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Volumnus mimnermos (Linnavuori, 1974) (see Linnavuori, 1980: 3). Yngveella scutellaris iokaste Linnavuori, 1975f: 44. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Agheresalam (RLRF AMNH). Yotvata Linnavuori, 1964a: 331. Type species: Compsidolon acacicola Linnavuori, 1961 (¼Atomophora picticornis Horváth, 1903), original designation. Note: Schuh (2013) lists erroneously Yotvata picticornis Linnavuori, 1961 as the type species of the genus. Yotvata (Yotvata) albocunealis Linnavuori, 1986c: 160. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Qaraah village, Khamis M. (NHMB). Yotvata (Godataira) carinata Linnavuori, 2004a: 16. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Rodan (RLRF NMWC). Yotvata (Yotvata) erifyle Linnavuori, 1994d: 153. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Socotra Island, Hadiboh (RLRF NMWC). Yotvata (Yotvata) farsiana Linnavuori, 2010: 407. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Fasa, Mianjangal (RLRF [NMWC]). Note: Holotype not found in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Yotvata (Godataira) hadibo Linnavuori, 1994d: 154. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Socotra Island, Hadiboh (RLRF NMWC). Yotvata (Godataira) hawtana Linnavuori, 1986c: 160. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Hawtah (RLRF NMWC). Yotvata (Yotvata) nergal Linnavuori, 1984: 44. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Yotvata nigricornis Linnavuori, 1975f: 93. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Yotvata (Yotvata) nigricornis Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1993a: 200). Yotvata (Godataira) pulcherrima Linnavuori, 1984: 45. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah, near Dukan (RLRF AMNH). Yotvata (Godataira) salmana Linnavuori, 1984: 45. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Muthanna, As Salman–Takhadid (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius amabilis Linnavuori, 1994e: 74. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius bidens Linnavuori, 1994e: 73. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W St. [¼Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius bilineatus Linnavuori, 1973d: 84. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF AMNH). Zanchius ekho Linnavuori, 1994e: 74. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE St. [¼Cross River State], Ikom– Obudu (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius gurbandicus Linnavuori, 2010: 372. Holotype: ?, Iran: Hormozgan, Gurband (RLRF [NMWC]). Note: Holotype not found in NMWC (A. Carapezza, pers. observ.). Zanchius laodameia Linnavuori, 1994e: 72. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: R St. [¼Rivers State], near Mbiama (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius oreithyia Linnavuori, 1994e: 73. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: N C St. [¼Kaduna State], Kagoro forest (RLRF NMWC). Zanchius prokris Linnavuori, 1994e: 72. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Bota (RLRF NMWC). Zinjolopus Linnavuori, 1975f: 80. Type species: Zinjolopus elegans Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Zinjolopus albostriatus Linnavuori, 1975f: 81. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF AMNH). Zinjolopus elegans Linnavuori, 1975f: 80. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bar el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Zinjolopus elegans elegans Linnavuori, 1975 (cf. Linnavuori, 1993a: 149). Zinjolopus elegans minor Linnavuori, 1993a: 149. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF NMWC). Note: This taxon was omitted in both printed (Schuh, 1995: 453) and on-line (Schuh, 2013) 585 version of the World catalogue of Miridae, as well as in the list of corrections by Kerzhner and Schuh (2001: 265). FAMILY NABIDAE A. COSTA, 1853 Alloeorhynchus paludicolus Linnavuori, 1974b: 134. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective paludicolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun paludicola, meaning inhabitant of marshes; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Alloeorhynchus wau Linnavuori, 1974b: 134. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr El Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Alloeorhynchus wau Linnavuori, 1974, subgenus incertae sedis (see Aukema et al., 2013: 79). FAMILY REDUVIIDAE LATREILLE, 1807 Afgoia Linnavuori, 1976b: 135. Type species: Afgoia arkheana Linnavuori, 1976, original designation. Afgoia arkheana Linnavuori, 1976b: 136. Holotype: /, Somalia: Afgoi (coll. Servadei MSNV). Afgoia malakal Linnavuori, 1976b: 136. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Collartida nigella Linnavuori, 1974b: 133. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Collartida phryne Linnavuori, 1973h: 41. Holotype: ?, Israel: Hula reserve (RLRF AMNH). Collartida serapis Linnavuori, 1974b: 132. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Collartida zephyrus Linnavuori, 1974b: 132. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Ectomocoris basra Linnavuori, 1972b: 48. Holotype: /, Iraq: Basra (RLRF AMNH). Ectomocoris caucasicus Linnavuori, 1972b: 47. Holotype: ?, Azerbaijan: Geok Tapa (RLRF AMNH). Ectomocoris quadrimaculatus jordanensis Linnavuori, 1961b: 41. Holotype: ?, Israel: lower Jordan Valley (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). 586 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Current status: Ectomocoris jordanensis Linnavuori, 1961, upgraded to species rank by Linnavuori (1972b: 47). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 174), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Empicoris kassala Linnavuori, 1974b: 131. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Kassala (RLRF AMNH). Empicoris litoralis Linnavuori, 1964a: 318. Holotype: ?, Egypt: near Alexandria (RLRF [AMNH]). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 167), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Holotrichius innesi rugicollis Linnavuori, 1973h: 44. Holotype: ?, Israel: Arad (RLRF AMNH). Holotrichius nitidicollis Linnavuori, 1964a: 319. Lectotype (designated by V. G. Putshkov and P. V. Putshkov, 1996: 191, as holotype): ?, Yemen, Sana’a (?RLRF). Note: By a mistake no type locality or any other information on the type(s) was given in the original description by Linnavuori (1964a: 319). Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 191) listed the following information: ‘Holotype: ?, Yemen, Sana’a (USNM)’. We consider this as valid lectotype designation by the inference of ‘holotype’ under the Article 74.6 (ICZN, 1999). The type depository, USNM, was listed by mistake (T. J. Henry, pers. comm.). The type is not deposited in AMNH either (Anonymus, 2005) and probably remains in R. Linnavuori’s collection (RLRF). Jamesa ghazalensis Linnavuori, 1974b: 133. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr El Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Lopodytes palustris Linnavuori, 1974b: 125. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Neopakesia Linnavuori, 1982a: 6 (subgenus of Pakesia Miller, 1952). Type species: Pakesia (Neopakesia) ornata Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Current status: Listed in synonymy of Pakesia Miller, 1952 by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 219). Oncocephalus baghdadus Linnavuori, 1986c: 103. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 212), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Oncocephalus nigricornis Linnavuori, 1986c: 104. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Kharj (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 215), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Pakesia microphthalma Linnavuori, 1976b: 134. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad Medani (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pakesia microphthalma Linnavuori, 1976 (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 219). Pakesia (Neopakesia) ornata Linnavuori, 1982a: 7. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Giohar (MZUF). Current status: Pakesia ornata Linnavuori, 1982 (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 219). Pakesia somalica Linnavuori, 1976b: 134. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF). Current status: Pakesia somalica Linnavuori, 1976 (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 219). Pakesia styx Linnavuori, 1976b: 135. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF). Current status: Pakesia styx Linnavuori, 1976 (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 219). Pasira shilluk Linnavuori, 1974b: 128. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF). Peirates sin Linnavuori, 1984: 17. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Lestomerus (Brachysandalus) bicolor Villiers, 1948 (synonymized by Coscarón and Linnavuori, 2007: 65). Ploiaria disponsi Linnavuori, 1965d: 268. Holotype: ?, Cyprus: Yermasoyia (RLRF AMNH). Polididus phoeniceus Linnavuori, 1965c: 239. Holotype: ?, Israel: Ramath Gan (RLRF AMNH). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as USNM by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 245), however, it is not deposited there (T. J. Henry, pers. comm.) but in the AMNH according to their list of types (Anonymus, 2005). Polytoxus ayunellus Linnavuori, 1986c: 99. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Ayun (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 206), 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Pseudoreduvius asper Linnavuori, 1986c: 119. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Hufuf (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Reduvius asper (Linnavuori, 1986) (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 195). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 195), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Putoniola vaulogeri angusticeps Linnavuori, 1986c: 100. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: As Sirar (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 170), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Reduvius afgoius Linnavuori, 1976a: 125. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF). Reduvius bidens Linnavuori, 1964a: 320. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Reduvius congener Linnavuori, 1974b: 127. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth (RLRF AMNH). Reduvius falsus Linnavuori, 1973h: 46. Holotype: ?, Israel (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 197), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Reduvius insectus Linnavuori, 1974b: 127. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (BMNH). Reduvius insularis Linnavuori, 1964a: 320. Holotype: ?, Bahrain (RLRF AMNH). Reduvius occultans Linnavuori, 1964a: 320. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Dhala road (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 200), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Reduvius varipes Linnavuori, 1964a: 320. Holotype: ?, Morocco: Tafraoute (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 203), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Rhinocoris harmonia Linnavuori, 1989d: 26. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a (RLRF NMWC). 587 Current status: Rhynocoris harmonia Linnavuori, 1989 (cf. Putshkov and Putshkov 1996: 249). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as USNM by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 249), apparentlybya mistake(T. J.Henry, pers. comm.). Sastrapada arabica Linnavuori, 1974b: 129. Holotype: /, Yemen: Wadi Dareija, SW of Dhala (BMNH). Sphedanolestes annulatus Linnavuori, 1961b: 44. Holotype: ?, Israel: Dan (RLRF AMNH). Sphedanolestes fenestratus Linnavuori, 1969c: 219. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Sphedanolestes fenestratus antigone Linnavuori, 1969c: 220. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Ferkessédougou (MRAC). Sphedanolestes ornaticollis Linnavuori, 1965a: 10. Holotype: ?, Libya: El Merj–Gubba road (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 257), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Sphedanolestes pulcher charon Linnavuori, 1969c: 221. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Wadi Sheriya (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 257), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Stenolemus galegu Linnavuori, 1974b: 131. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Abu Hashim–Galegu (RLRF AMNH). Stenolemus mnesis Linnavuori, 1973h: 40. Holotype: ?, Israel: Lahav (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 157), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Stenolemus pothyne Linnavuori, 1973h: 40. Holotype: ?, Israel: En Fashkha (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 157), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Stirogaster hanifa Linnavuori, 1986c: 114. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Wadi Hanifa (NHMB [AMNH]). Note: The type depository is explicitely given as NHMB in the original description, but Putsh- 588 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA kov and Putshkov (1996: 223) cited AMNH instead, but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Stirogaster laticeps Linnavuori, 1964a: 319. Holotype: ?, Iran: Djiroft, Anbar-Abad (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 223), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Stirogaster fausti var. obtusangulus Linnavuori, 1964a: 319. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: Tahta– Bazar (ZMAS). Current status: Unavailable name listed in synonymy of Stirogaster fausti Jakovlev, 1874 by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 223). Note: This taxon was explicitely described as infrasubspeciﬁc (variety) after 1960 and therefore it is an unavailable name (cf. ICZN, 1999: Article 15.2). No depository of the holotype is cited in the original description but it was speciﬁed as ZMAS by Putshkov and Putshkov (1996: 223). Stirogaster pilosa Linnavuori, 1986c: 113. Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia: Hamatiyat (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Stirogaster pilosus Linnavuori, 1986 (see Putshkov and Putshkov, 1996: 223). Vachiria immaculata Linnavuori, 1961b: 41. Holotype: ?, Israel: Yotvata (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY TINGIDAE LAPORTE, 1832 Aframixia clymene Linnavuori, 1977d: 20. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Arushia horvathi Drake, 1951 (synonymized by Duarte Rodriques, 1980a: 269). Afrotingis mboloko Linnavuori, 1977d: 20. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: M’Boloko (RLRF AMNH). Agramma conﬂuens Linnavuori, 1964a: 317. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Fayoum (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Agramma (Agramma) basilicorne (Drake, 1951) (synonymized by Péricart, 1982: 368). Note: No type depository was given in the original description. Péricart and Golub (1996: 12) listed type depository as USNM by mistake (T. J. Henry, pers. comm.), however, according to Göllner-Scheiding (2004: 20) and the list of the types in AMNH it is deposited there (Anonymus, 2005). Vol. 122(4) Agramma elegantulum Linnavuori, 1974f: 17. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Abu Hashim– Galegu (RLRF AMNH). Agramma panici Linnavuori, 1977d: 32. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Silil (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Agramma (Agramma) panici (see Péricart and Golub, 1996: 15). Agramma sidae Linnavuori, 1977d: 33. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Decamera (RLRF AMNH). Agramma sociale instabile Linnavuori, 1977d: 33. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Torit (RLRF AMNH). Agramma theonoe Linnavuori, 1977d: 34. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Ammianus aeneas Linnavuori, 1977d: 17. Holotype: ?, Cameroon (RLRF AMNH). Ammianus echo Linnavuori, 1977d: 15. Holotype: /, South Sudan: near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Ammianus montanus Linnavuori, 1977d: 17. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Ammianus paraspinosus Linnavuori, 1977d: 16. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti (RLRF AMNH). Belenus parvicollis Linnavuori, 1977d: 18. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Wad Medani (RLRF AMNH). Biskria bishareenica Linnavuori, 1965c: 237. Holotype: /, Sudan: Ed Damer [¼Ad-Damar] (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Dictyonota (Dictyonota) bishareenica (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Golub, 1975: 63; Göllner-Scheiding, 2004: 37). Biskria opaca Linnavuori, 1965c: 237. Holotype: /, Israel: Deganya (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Dictyonota opaca (Linnavuori, 1965) (see Golub, 1975: 57; Péricart and Golub, 1996: 37). Cantacader curtulus Linnavuori, 1977d: 6. Holotype: /, Yemen (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Cantacader divisus (Bergroth, 1908) (synonymized by B. Lis, 2001: 424). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Péricart and Golub (1996: 4), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Cysteochila rhomboidalis Linnavuori, 1977d: 28. Holotype: /, Sudan: Lalyo–Juba (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Dictyla aridula Linnavuori, 1961b: 48. Holotype: /, Israel, Haifa (?RLRF). Note: In his monograph on Hemiptera of Israel, Linnavuori (1961b: 48) gave only the following information: ‘Type, a female and a paratype, 12. VI. 1958,!. – Swept from dune vegetation.’ The type locality was later provided by Péricart and Golub (1996: 30), but they cited the type depository as USNM, apparently by mistake (T. J. Henry, pers. comm.). The holotype is probably still deposited in the R. Linnavuori’s collection. Dictyla heissi Linnavuori and Péricart, 2006: 503. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Hadramaut, Wadi Hadramaut (RLRF NMWC). Dictyonota (Elina) scutellaris Linnavuori, 1977d: 8. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad Medani (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Kalama scutellaris (Linnavuori, 1977) (see Duarte Rodrigues, 1987: 11; Göllner-Scheiding, 2004: 84). Dulinius fasciatipennis Linnavuori, 1977d: 11. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri–Lalyo (RLRF AMNH). Elasmotropis podocarpi Linnavuori, 1977d: 12. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Addis Abeba (RLRF AMNH). Elasmotropis villosa Linnavuori, 1977d: 13. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Amba Alagi (RLRF AMNH). Eteoneus ﬂavicornis Linnavuori, 1977d: 30. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Gitava eremita Linnavuori, 1977d: 24. Holotype: /, Yemen (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Péricart and Golub (1996: 41), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Gitava galla Linnavuori, 1977d: 23. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Gonycentrum sinuaticolle Linnavuori, 1977d: 6. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: near Lake Langanno (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sinalda sinuaticollis (Linnavuori, 1977) (see Duarte Rodrigues, 1982a: 207; G öllner-Scheiding, 2004: 9). Habrochila parumtomentosa Linnavuori, 1977d: 9. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Habrochila punctigera Linnavuori, 1977d: 10. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit– Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). 589 Haedus nymphias Linnavuori, 1977d: 23. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, River Pongo (RLRF AMNH). Lasiacantha beithovedensis Linnavuori, 1961b: 47. Holotype: ?, Israel: Beith Oved (RLRF AMNH). Lasiacantha bipunctata Linnavuori, 1977d: 14. Holotype: /, Sudan: Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Lasiacantha ﬂavicornis Linnavuori, 1977d: 14. Holotype: /, Chad: Bas-Chari, near Fort Lamy, Farcha (MNHN). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Lasiacantha absimilis Drake, 1951 (synonymized by Göllner-Scheiding, 2005: 366). Monosteira nigricollis Linnavuori, 1977d: 31. Holotype: ?, Chad: Bas-Chari, near Fort Lamy (MNHN). Naochila inaequalis Linnavuori, 1977d: 12. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Dessie–Karakore (RLRF AMNH). Onymochila tomentosa Linnavuori, 1977d: 29. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Cysteochila tarda Drake, 1954 (synonymized by Duarte Rodrigues, 1982b: 70). Paracopium connexum Linnavuori, 1977d: 22. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Göllner-Scheiding (2004: 104), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Paracopium convexocarinatum Linnavuori, 1977d: 21. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba–Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Perissonemia ghazalensis Linnavuori, 1977d: 25. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, River Pongo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Naitingis blukwena (Drake, 1954) (synonymized by Duarte Rodrigues, 1978a: 308). Plerochila nigricornis Linnavuori, 1977d: 26. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni (RLRF AMNH). Plerochila shashamanna Linnavuori, 1977d: 26. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Shashamanni (RLRF AMNH). Sinuessa deianira Linnavuori, 1977d: 19. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). 590 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Tadelia Linnavuori, 1977d: 7. Type species: Tadelia tamarindi Linnavuori, 1977, original designation. Tadelia tamarindi Linnavuori, 1977d: 7. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, 30 km N of Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Tingis (Tropidocheila) ribesi Golub and Linnavuori, 2011: 45. Holotype: /, Iran: Fars, 16 km of Sa’adatshahr (RLRF NMWC). INFRAORDER PENTATOMOMORPHA LESTON, PENDERGRAST AND SOUTHWOOD, 1954 FAMILY ALYDIDAE AMYOT AND SERVILLE, 1843 Dulichius similis Linnavuori, 1987a: 131. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Euthetus ornatipennis Linnavuori, 1978d: 38. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Euthetus wellmani gracilicornis Linnavuori, 1978: 38. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Euthetus limbatus Distant, 1902 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1987a: 38). Mirperus xerophilus Linnavuori, 1978d: 39. Holotype: ?, Sudi Arabia: El Riyadh (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Mirperus torridus (Westwood, 1842) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1987a: 13 with M. mucronatus (Reuter, 1882); GöllnerScheiding, 2000: 25 with M. torridus). Nariscus longirostris Linnavuori, 1974c: 170. Holotype: /, Israel: Ein-el-Turuba, 27 km S of Jericho (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Dolling (2006: 40), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Nemausus longulus Linnavuori, 1978d: 40. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Zulubius longulus (Linnavuori, 1978) (see G öllner-Scheiding, 2000: 47). FAMILY ARADIDAE BRULLÉ, 1836 Aradus gracilipes Linnavuori, 1978d: 6. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Mezira amplicollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 6. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni (RLRF Vol. 122(4) AMNH). Current status: Brachyrhynchus amplicollis (Linnavuori, 1978) (see Kormilev and Froeschner, 1987: 114). FAMILY ARTHENEIDAE STÅL, 1872 Holcocranum diminutum umbrinum Linnavuori, 1984: 12. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Baghdad (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY BERYTIDAE FIEBER, 1851 Metacanthus pusillus Linnavuori, 1960c: 47. Holotype: ?, Israel: Dan (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior secondary homonym of Megalomerium pusillum Horváth, 1912, replaced by new substitute name Metacanthus linnavuorii Štusák, 1977: 338; junior subjective synonym of Metacanthus meridionalis (A. Costa, 1843) (synonymized by Péricart, 1976: 371). Note: In the catalogues by Péricart (2001a: 240) and Henry and Froeschner (1998: 38), the name Metacanthus linnavuorii Péricart, 1976 is listed as available, though Henry and Froeschner (1998) admitted it was proposed in synonymy. In fact, Péricart (1976: 371) established the name as junior synonym of Metacanthus meridionalis (Costa) as follows: ‘Metacanthus linnavuorii Štusák (à paraı̂tre [¼forthcoming]) nom. nov. pr. pusillus Linnavuori 1960 (nec Horváth, 1912). . . . Nov. syn.’ According to ICZN (1999: Art. 11.5), ‘to be available, a name must be used as valid for a taxon when proposed, . . .’ It means that any name established as junior synonym is unavailable. On the contrary, Metacanthus linnavuorii Štusák, 1977 was established as a valid name and it is certainly available (see Štusák, 1977: 338). Yemma gracilis Linnavuori, 1974b: 137. Holotype: ?, Sudan: North Province, Ed Damer [¼AdDamar] (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY BLISSIDAE STÅL, 1862 Dimorphopterus xanthopus Linnavuori, 1978d: 57. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Kordofan, Wusa’a–Umm Koweika (RLRF). FAMILY COREIDAE LEACH, 1815 Acanthocorduba Linnavuori, 1978d: 33 (subgenus of Corduba Stål, 1862). Type species: Corduba echinops Linnavuori, 1978, original designation. 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Acanthomia griseola Linnavuori, 1978d: 35. Holotype: /, Yemen: Sheikh Othman–Lahej, Umm Barona (RLRF [AMNH]). Current status: Clavigralla griseola (Linnavuori, 1978) (see Dolling, 1979a: 50). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Dolling (2006: 45), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Anoplocnemis aloma Linnavuori, 1978d: 10. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis amalthea Linnavuori, 1970f: 156. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto, Toumodi (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis chiron Linnavuori, 1970f: 156. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Sipilou (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis dodona Linnavuori, 1974f: 14. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis eumelos Linnavuori, 1974f: 14. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Karemi (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis eurystheus Linnavuori, 1971e: 168. Holotype: ?, Malawi: ‘Nyasaland’ (RMNH). Anoplocnemis hygrotopora Linnavuori, 1978d: 13. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis nubarum Linnavuori, 1978d: 12. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, near Talodi (RLRF AMNH). Anoplocnemis sotades Linnavuori, 1970g: 163. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Arussi, Kabolsha (RLRF AMNH). Carlisis myrmecophilus Linnavuori, 1978d: 13. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba– Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Centrocoris bampurensis Linnavuori, 1968: 199. Holotype: /, Iran: Farsistan, 25 km SW of Dzhahrume [¼Jahrom] (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Centrocoris spiniger (Fabricius, 1781) (synonymized by Tshernova, 1979: 578). Note: Originally cited as C. bampurensis Kiritshenko, however, that was a manuscript name, being available from Linnavuori (1968: 199). Centrocoris desertorum Linnavuori, 1960c: 23. Holotype: ?, Israel: Revivim (RLRF AMNH). Centrocoris scutellaris Linnavuori, 1968b: 197. Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia: Ramlat Sahma 591 (BMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Centrocoris volxemi (Puton, 1878) (synonymized by Moulet, 1991: 52). Ceratopachys nigricornis viridis Linnavuori, 1978d: 15. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Dilling (RLRF AMNH). Chaerommatellus Linnavuori, 1971e: 22. Type species: Petalocnemis pachycerus Stål, 1855, original designation. Junior objective synonym of Petalocnemis Stål, 1854 (see Livermore et al., 2015). Choerommatus angusticollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 23. Holotype: /, Cameroon (RLRF AMNH). Choerommatus limosus Linnavuori, 1978d: 24. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Choerommatus pandora Linnavuori, 1978d: 23. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: ‘Deutsche Ost-Afrika’ (MRAC). Cletus binotulatus obtusulus Linnavuori, 1978d: 28. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad Medani (RLRF AMNH). Cletus callosus Linnavuori, 1978d: 31. Holotype: /, Yemen (RLRF [AMNH]). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Dolling (2006: 76), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Cletus indicator lottiensis Linnavuori, 1978d: 31. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Cletomorpha indicator lottiensis (Linnavuori, 1978) (see Livermore et al., 2015). Cletus pronus simplex Linnavuori, 1978d: 30. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Corduba (Acanthocorduba) echinops Linnavuori, 1978d: 33. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Wad Medani, Umm Barona (RLRF AMNH). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Dolling (2006: 43), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Corduba (Acanthocorduba) umbrina Linnavuori, 1978d: 34. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF). Cossutia angama Linnavuori, 1976c: 92. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Angama (RLRF AMNH). Cossutia arakhne Linnavuori, 1976c: 92. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Maridi–Ibba (RLRF AMNH). 592 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Daladeropsis africana ampliata Linnavuori, 1975g: 60. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Meshe (RLRF AMNH). Daladeropsis pelops Linnavuori, 1975g: 61. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Boukoko (RLRF AMNH). Daladeropsis rhomboidalis Linnavuori, 1989a: 6. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NW [¼Niger] State, Mokwa (RLRF AMNH). Elasmopoda chione Linnavuori, 1973g: 126. Holotype: ?, Rwanda: Gatsibu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Elasmopoda ugandica (Kirkaldy, 1909) (synonymized by O’Shea, 1980: 320 with E. distanti (Blöte, 1938); Hoplopterna distanti Blöte, 1938 is an unnecessary replacement name for Holopterna afﬁnis Distant, 1908 (Blöte, 1938: 290), which was synonymized with Elasmopoda ugandica by O’Shea, 1980: 322) (see also Livermore et al., 2015). Elasmopoda falx cypassis Linnavuori, 1973g: 122. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Mundame (MRAC). Elasmopoda parmenio Linnavuori, 1973g: 122. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni, Wondo cloud forest (RLRF AMNH). Haglundina eala Linnavuori, 1973g: 153. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eala (MRAC). Haidara angustula Linnavuori, 1989b: 14. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: no locality given, 3.iv.1967, P. Štys lgt. (PSPC). Haidara kagoro Linnavuori, 1989b: 14. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NC [¼Kaduna] State, Kagoro forest (RLRF AMNH). Haidara lamellaris Linnavuori, 1989b: 15. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF). Haidara senegalensis Linnavuori, 1989b: 14. Holotype: ?, Senegal: Fété-Olé, Ferlo (RLRF AMNH). Haidara shillukorum Linnavuori, 1989b: 12. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF). Homoeocerus cleio Linnavuori, 1974f: 16. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto, Toumodi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Homoeocerus (Homoeocerus) cleio Linnavuori, 1974 (see Livermore et al., 2015). Mevaniomorpha amphrysius Linnavuori, 1970b: 44. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto, Toumodi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Psilolomia amphrysius (Linnavuori, 1970) (see Dolling, Vol. 122(4) 1986: 170), gender agreement corrected here. Note: Amphrysius, a small river of Thessaly, is noun in apposition, and should not be changed to amphrysia as it was done by Dolling (1986: 170). Mevaniomorpha ferruginea Linnavuori, 1978d: 36. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Psilolomia ferruginea (Linnavuori, 1978) (see Dolling, 1986: 172). Mictis abstrusa Linnavuori, 1978d: 9. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Myla abyssinica Linnavuori, 1971e: 175 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1978d: 36, as holotype): ?, Ethiopia: near Nazareth (RLRF AMNH). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1978d: 36) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1971e: 175) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as Ethiopia. We consider the holotype designation (the only type specimen) by Linnavuori (1978d: 36) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) as the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for the single syntype. Myla graciloides Linnavuori, 1971e: 175 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1978d: 36, as holotype): ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Myla gracilis Schouteden, 1938 (synonymized by Dolling, 1986: 204). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1978d: 35–36) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1971e: 175) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type localities were cited as Congo, Ivory Coast, and Sudan [sic!]. However, Linnavuori (1978d: 36) mentioned only a single type, male from South Sudan (see above). We consider the explicite designation of ‘type’ by Linnavuori (1978d: 36) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999). Myla microphthalma Linnavuori, 1971e: 176. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Myla somalica Linnavuori, 1982a: 14. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Giohar (MZUF). Myrrhina Linnavuori, 1973g: 140. Type species: Hoplopterna wollastoni Distant, 1908, original designation. Neaira Linnavuori, 1973g: 138. Type species: Hoplopterna intermedia Garcı́a Varela, 1913, original designation. Paramyla Linnavuori, 1971e: 177 (subgenus of Myla Stål, 1865). Type species: Myla suspecta Schouteden, 1938, original designation. Current status: Upgraded to generic rank by Dolling (1986: 165). Petalocnemis grossa Linnavuori, 1978d: 17. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Beila (RLRF AMNH). Petalocnemis nimule Linnavuori, 1978d: 20. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Petalocnemis phryne Linnavuori, 1978d: 21. Holotype: ?, Namibia: N Ovamboland, Oshikango (MRAC). Petalocnemis strictula Linnavuori, 1978d: 20. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lac Albert, Ishwa (RLRF). Petalocnemis thyia Linnavuori, 1978d: 19. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast (RLRF AMNH). Petalocnemis thymele Linnavuori, 1978d: 17. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kapanga (MRAC). Plectropoda gnathenion Linnavuori, 1973g: 145. Holotype: ?, Tanzania, Zanzibar coast (RLRF AMNH). Plectropoda terminalis angustipes Linnavuori, 1978d: 9. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Plinachtus umbricolus Linnavuori, 1978d: 26. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective umbricolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun umbricola, meaning inhabitant of shade; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Ptyctus signatus hebe Linnavuori, 1971e: 173. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Thryallis Linnavuori, 1973g: 136. Type species: Mictis cornuta Dallas, 1852, original designation. Current status: Junior homonym of Thryallis Thomson, 1857 (Coleoptera: Ceram- 593 bycidae), replaced by new substitute name Raunothryallis Faúndez, 2016: 37. FAMILY CYDNIDAE BILLBERG, 1820 Aethus (Aethus) eremophilus Linnavuori, 1993b: 71. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Aden (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aethus eremophilus Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 186). Aethus holothrix Linnavuori, 1977d: 37. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aethus holothrix Linnavuori, 1977 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 186). Aethus lucidus Linnavuori, 1977d: 38. Holotype: ?, Republic of South Africa: ‘Caffraria’ (NHRS). Current status: Paraethus lucidus (Linnavuori, 1977) (see J. A. Lis, 1995: 55, 1999: 214). Aethus pseudosyriacus Linnavuori, 1977d: 39. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Byrsinus pseudosyriacus (Linnavuori, 1977) (see J. A. Lis, 1996: 101, 1999: 193). Aethus (Aethus) shimoniensis Linnavuori, 1993b: 71. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Shimoni (MNHN). Current status: Aethus shimoniensis Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 188). Aethus solutus Linnavuori, 1977d: 38. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Lake Keilak (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aethus solutus Linnavuori, 1977 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 188). Aethus (Aethus) splendidus Linnavuori, 1993b: 76. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Paraethus splendidus (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1996: 102, 1999: 214). Aethus striipennis Linnavuori, 1986a: 110. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Sar Uanle (MZUF). Current status: Microporus striipennis (Linnavuori, 1986) (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 213). Aethus uageranus Linnavuori, 1982a: 27. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Ola Uager (MZUF). Current status: Aethus uageranus Linnavuori, 1982 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 189). Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977d: 39. Type species: Aethus pallipennis Dallas, 1851 (misidentiﬁcation) ¼ Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993, designated here by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Note: Linnavuori (1977d: 39) brieﬂy redescribed Aethus pallipennis Dallas, 1851 and designated it as type species of a new genus, 594 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977d: 39. However, Linnavuori (1993: 31) considered A. pallipennis Dallas, 1851 sensu Wagner (1963: 91) and Linnavuori (1977: 40) as misidentiﬁcation and described the species as new one, Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993: 31. Despite Linnavuori (1993: 31) did not provide any detailed comments, he explicitely listed misidentiﬁcation of Aethus pallipennis Dallas, 1851 as synonym of Afraethus bistortus sp. nov., and Afraethus bistortus sp. nov., explicitely as type species of Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977d. Unfortunatelly, he did not submit the case to International Comission on Zoological Nomenclature as it was required by ICZN (1986: Article 70b), therefore his action does not constitute available nomenclatorial act. J. A. Lis (1999: 189) followed Linnavuori (1993) in his catalogue, but did not ﬁx formally Afraethus bistortus as type species by submitting the case to the Comission (according to ICZN, 1986) or later mentioning the required Article 70.3.2 under the ICZN (1999). To avoid any further confusion, we formally designate here Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993 as type species of Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977 by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993b: 31. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: R. St. [¼Rivers State], Ebubu near Bori (RLRF AMNH). Aloma Linnavuori, 1993b: 32. Type species: Endotylus longiceps Linnavuori, 1977, original designation. Current status: Junior homonym of Aloma Andrewes, 1931 (Coleoptera: Carabidae); replaced by new substitute name Raunoloma J. A. Lis, 1999 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 216). Byrsinus (Psammozetus) azrak Linnavuori, 1993b: 86. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Byrsinus azrak (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 191). Chilocoris fraterculus Linnavuori, 1993b: 120. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W [¼Osun] State, Ife (RLRF AMNH). Chilocoris iborum Linnavuori, 1993b: 118. Holotype: /, Nigeria: EC [¼Enugu] State, Nsukka (RLRF AMNH). Chilocoris lucidus Linnavuori, 1993b: 115. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Chilocoris nobilis Linnavuori, 1993b: 115. Holotype: /, East Africa (NHRS). Vol. 122(4) Chilocoris quadraticollis Linnavuori, 1993b: 119. Holotype: ?, Republic of the Congo: Kindamba, Méya, Louolo river (HNHM). Chilocoris somalicus equatorialis Linnavuori, 1977d: 48. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Chilocoris umbricola Linnavuori, 1993b: 116. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). Endotylus longiceps Linnavuori, 1977d: 41. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka, Aloma Plateau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Raunoloma longiceps (Linnavuori, 1977) (see Linnavuori, 1993b: 33; J. A. Lis, 1999: 216). Endotylus pallidus Linnavuori, 1993b: 30. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Eolactistes Linnavuori, 1993b: 13 (subgenus of Lactistes Schiödte, 1848). Type species: Lactistes incertus Signoret, 1881, original designation. Current status: Valid subgenus of Lactistes Schiödte, 1848. Note: In the revision of the Oriental Cydnidae, J. A. Lis (1994: 199) followed Linnavuori (1993) in considering Eolactistes as valid subgenus of Lactistes and both these subgenera were included in the key. However, subsequently in his catalogues J. A. Lis (1999, 2006) listed Eolactistes in synonymy of Lactistes without any comment on its status and did not assign the listed species to particular subgenus due to problems with their separation. However, both subgenera have never been synonymized and remain formally valid. Their status requires further investigations (J. A. Lis, pers. comm. 2016). Exosehirus sargon Linnavuori, 1984: 2. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, near Salahuddin (RLRF NMWC). Garsauriella Linnavuori, 1993b: 133. Type species: Garsauria haglundi Bergroth, 1903, original designation. Geocnethus boulardi Linnavuori, 1972h: 12. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Boukoko (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus djoumouna Linnavuori, 1993b: 49. Holotype: ?, Republic of the Congo: Djoumouna (ZMHB). Geocnethus foroforo Linnavuori, 1993b: 51. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Geocnethus ifensis Linnavuori, 1973f: 30. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus incognitus Linnavuori, 1977d: 43. Holotype: ? [originally paratype of G. camerunensis (Haglund, 1894)], Cameroon (NHRS). Geocnethus kumasianus Linnavuori, 1993b: 48. Holotype: ?, Ghana: Ashanti region, Kumasi (HNHM). Geocnethus laticeps Linnavuori, 1993b: 42. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Johann Albrechtshöhe [¼Government Station Johann Albrecht Mountain near Barombi Lake] (ZMHB). Geocnethus maboke Linnavuori, 1993b: 57. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: MW [¼Edo] State, Sapoba forest (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus mendax Linnavuori, 1993b: 40. Holotype: ?, Equatorial Guinea: Nkolentangau (ZMHB). Geocnethus nitidus intermedius Linnavuori, 1993b: 46. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF). Geocnethus obalanus Linnavuori, 1993b: 55. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Obala, Nkometou (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus ornatellus Linnavuori, 1993b: 52. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoum é (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus ornatus Linnavuori, 1993b: 53. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus pallidus Linnavuori, 1993b: 56. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus pirithous Linnavuori, 1973f: 32. Holotype: ?, Angola: suburbs of Negage (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus punctiger Linnavuori, 1993b: 57. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: MW [¼Edo] State, Sapoba forest (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus sapoba Linnavuori, 1993b: 51. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: MW [¼Edo] State, Sapoba forest (RLRF AMNH). Geocnethus seredouensis Linnavuori, 1993b: 50. Holotype: ?, Guinea: Sérédou (ZMHB). Geocnethus sibitiensis Linnavuori, 1993b: 38. Holotype: ?, Republic of the Congo: Sibiti (HNHM). Geocnethus spathifer Linnavuori, 1993b: 40. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF AMNH). 595 Geocnethus tomyris Linnavuori, 1993b: 59. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Yaoundé, N’Kolbisson (RLRF AMNH). Geotomus bicornis Linnavuori, 1993b: 97. Holotype: ?, Benin: Savé (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Fromundus bicornis (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1994: 174, 1999: 196). Geotomus fraterculus Linnavuori, 1993b: 101. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoum é (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Fromundus fraterculus (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1994: 174, 1999: 197). Geotomus montanus Linnavuori, 1993b: 99. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Fromundus montanus (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1994: 174, 1999: 197). Geotomus palustris ghazalensis Linnavuori, 1977d: 46. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, River Pongo (RLRF AMNH). Geotomus palustris palustris Linnavuori, 1977d: 46. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Geotomus rugicollis Linnavuori, 1993b: 100. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Kumba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Fromundus rugicollis (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1994: 174, 1999: 199). Geotomus schaefferi babaeculus Linnavuori, 1977d: 47. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Abu Hashim–Galegu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Microscytus babaeculus (Linnavuori, 1977), upgraded to species rank by Linnavuori (1993b: 103), new generic combination by J. A. Lis (1999: 213). Geotomus theano Linnavuori, 1993b: 97. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Lake Awasa (ZMAS). Current status: Fromundus theano (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1994: 174, 1999: 199). Hispidocydnus Linnavuori, 1993b: 127 (subgenus of Amaurocoris Stål, 1964). Type species: Amaurocoris orbicularis Jakovlev, 1885, original designation. Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Linospa Signoret, 1881 (synonymized by J. A. Lis, 1994: 43, 1999: 219). Lactistes (Eolactistes) angusticeps Linnavuori, 1993b: 15. Holotype: /, Nigeria: B. Pl. [¼Benue] State, Katsina Ala (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Lactistes (Eolactistes) angusticeps Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 205 and Note under Eolactistes above). 596 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Lactistes (Eolactistes) glabripennis Linnavuori, 1993b: 15. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Uamgebiet [¼Uam Region], Bosum (ZMHB). Current status: Lactistes (Eolactistes) glabripennis Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 206 and Note under Eolactistes above). Lactistes (Eolactistes) lakhesis Linnavuori, 1993b: 13. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: Zanzibar (ZMAS). Current status: Lactistes (Eolactistes) lakhesis Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 206 and Note under Eolactistes above). Lactistes (Lactistes) puncticollis Linnavuori, 1993b: 13. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NW [¼Zamfara] State, Zurmi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Lactistes (Lactistes) puncticollis Linnavuori, 1993 (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 206 and Note under Eolactistes above). Lactistes scitus Linnavuori, 1977d: 36. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Lactistes (Lactistes) verticulatus Schiödte, 1847 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1993b: 11). Megacydnus Linnavuori, 1993b: 19. Type species: Megacydnus signatus Linnavuori, 1993, original designation. Note: No type species is mentioned in the original description of the genus, but as the genus was based on a single new species, it is an available name based on the Article 13.4 of the ICZN (1999) on ‘combined description of new genus-group taxon and new species’. Megacydnus signatus Linnavuori, 1993b: 21. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ife (RLRF AMNH). Peltoxys thaumastellus Linnavuori, 1977d: 48. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Mundri (RLRF AMNH). Prokne Linnavuori, 1993b: 88. Type species: Prokne signaticornis Linnavuori, 1993, original designation. Prokne signaticornis Linnavuori, 1993b: 88. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Obala (RLRF AMNH). Sehirus (Lalervis) alticola Linnavuori, 1993b: 141. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Lalervis alticola (Linnavuori, 1993) (see J. A. Lis, 1999: 223). Shillukia Linnavuori, 1977d: 44. Type species: Shillukia polita Linnavuori, 1977, original designation. Vol. 122(4) Shillukia polita Linnavuori, 1977d: 45. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY CYMIDAE BAERENSPRUNG, 1860 Cymodema (Cymodema) angustiformis Linnavuori, 1978d: 55. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Cymodema (Cymodema) robusta Linnavuori, 1978d: 55. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Koka artiﬁcial lake (RLRF AMNH). Cymodema (Cymodema) tabidum longicornis Linnavuori, 1978d: 55. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Ed Damer (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Cymodema tabida longicornis Linnavuori, 1978 (see Péricart, 2001b: 68 and Kerzhner, 2003). Cymus ferrugineus Linnavuori, 1978d: 56. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY GEOCORIDAE DAHLBOM, 1851 Eilatus Linnavuori, 1972c: 177 (subgenus of Geocoris Fallén, 1814). Type species: Piocoris confalonierii Bergevin, 1932, original designation. Engistus boops gracilicornis Linnavuori, 1960c: 33. Holotype: ?, Israel: ’Ein Gedi (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Engistus gracilicornis Linnavuori, 1960, upgraded to species rank by Gadalla (2003: 93). Engistus exsanguis punctulatus Linnavuori, 1954a: 157. Syntypes: ?/ (11 specimens), Turkmenistan: Repetek, Pereval (UZMT). Note: The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 81). Geocoris (Eilatus) aspasia Linnavuori, 1972c: 106. Holotype: /, Turkmenistan: well Kirpili, central Karakum (RLRF ZMAS). Geocoris (Eilatus) calligonii Linnavuori, 1972c: 105. Holotype: /, Yemen: Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Geocoris (Eilatus) pulchricornis calligonii Linnavuori, 1960 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 82). Geocoris (Eilatus) danacilicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 62. Holotype: /, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Geocoris deserticola Linnavuori, 1952c: 37. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: ‘Turcmenia’. (UZMT). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Geocoris (Geocoris) pattakumensis Kiritshenko, 1914 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1979: 58). Geocoris (Eilatus) laevicollis Linnavuori, 1972c: 106. Holotype: /, Iran: Bampur Kaskin (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Geocoris (Eilatus) aspasia Linnavuori, 1972 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1979: 69). Geocoris (Piocoris) luridus marulla Linnavuori, 1972c: 102. Holotype: /, Iran: Bampur, Kaskin (RLRF ZMAS). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Geocoris (Piocoris) luridus (Fieber, 1844) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 2007b: 65). Geocoris (Eilatus) marduk Linnavuori, 1984: 11. Holotype: /, Iraq: Babil, Al Hillah (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Geocoris (subgenus incertae sedis) marduk Linnavuori, 1984 (see Péricart, 2001b: 93). Geocoris (Geocoris) ningal Linnavuori, 1984: 10. Holotype: /, Iraq: Al-Muthanna, Abu Ghar– Busaya (RLRF NMWC). Geocoris (Piocoris) nocturnus Linnavuori, 1978d: 58. Holotype: /, Chad: Bas-Chari, near Fort Lamy (RLRF). Geocoris paradoxus Linnavuori, 1954a: 159. Syntypes: 2 //, Turkmenistan: ‘Turcmenia’ (UZMT). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Geocoris (Eilatus) chloroticus Puton, 1888 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1979: 68 with G. nigriceps Reuter, 1891; G. nigriceps was synonymized with G. chloroticus by Péricart and Ribes, 1992: 80). Notes: This taxon was originally described based on two female syntypes from ‘Turcmenia’. However, Péricart (2001b: 83) listed the holotype, female from ‘Turcmenia’. As Péricart’s (2001b) action does not fulﬁl requirements of the Articles 74.5 (the choice of the ‘holotype’ as name-bearing type was not explicite) and 74.6 (the taxon was clearly described according to two specimens) of the ICZN (1999) his action does not constitute valid lectotype designation. The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 83). 597 The depository of ‘holotype’ is cited as AMNH by Péricart (2001b: 83), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a: 159. Syntypes: 2 //, Turkmenistan: ‘Turcmenia’ (UZMT). Unavailable name in synonymy of Geocoris (Eilatus) hirticornis Jakovlev, 1882 (synonymized by Kerzhner, 1979: 69). Note: This taxon was originally described based on two female syntypes from ‘Turcmenia’. However, Péricart (2001b: 83) listed the holotype, female from ‘Turcmenia’. As Péricart’s (2001b) action does not fulﬁl requirements of the Articles 74.5 (the choice of the ‘holotype’ as name-bearing type was not explicite) and 74.6 (the taxon was clearly described according to two specimens) of the ICZN (1999) his action does not constitute valid lectotype designation. Linnavuori (1954a: 159) established var. hirticornis alongside with the subspecies Engistus exsanguis punctulatus Linnavuori, 1954a and Rhyparochromus chiragra cyprius Linnavuori, 1954a, which makes this taxon infrasubspeciﬁc and therefore unavailable from its original description (see ICZN, 1999: Article 45.6.4; Lingafelter and Nearns, 2013). The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 83). The depository of ‘holotype’ is cited as AMNH by Péricart (2001b: 83), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Geocoris (Geocoris) piligerus Linnavuori, 1978d: 60. Holotype: /, Eritrea: Suluta (RLRF AMNH). Geocoris (Geocoris) pseudolineolus Linnavuori, 1978d: 60. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Geocoris pulchricornis Linnavuori, 1960c: 36. Holotype: ?, Israel: Eilat (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Geocoris (Eilatus) pulchricornis pulchricornis Linnavuori, 1960 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 82). Geocoris (Piocoris) quercicola Linnavuori, 1962a: 76. Holotype: ?, Israel: Neve Ya’ar (RLRF [AMNH]). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as 598 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA AMNH by Péricart (2001b: 93), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Geocoris (Piocoris) stellatus eburneus Linnavuori, 1978d: 58. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba–Terakeka (RLRF AMNH). Geocoris tanninimensis Linnavuori, 1960c: 8. Holotype: ?, Israel: Tanninim (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Geocoris (Eilatus) confalonierii (Bergevin, 1932) (synonymized by Péricart, 1994: 95). Geocoris (Geocoris) titan Linnavuori, 1986c: 80. Holotype: /, Saudi Arabia: Al Hasa (RLRF AMNH). Geocoris (Geocoris) toposa Linnavuori, 1978d: 59. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit– Kapoeta (RLRF NMWC). Hypogeocoris lucidus Linnavuori, 1978d: 63. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Stenophthalmicus hilaris Linnavuori, 1964a: 313. Holotype: ?, Somalia: ‘near Silil’ (RLRF AMNH). Stenophthalmicus intermedius Linnavuori, 1978d: 63. Holotype: /, Sudan: Northern Province, Abu Hamed–Abidiya (RLRF AMNH). Stenophthalmicus leptosomus Linnavuori, 1964a: 312. Holotype: ?, Turkmenistan: ‘Turcmenia’ (RLRF AMNH). Stenophthalmicus punctatulus Linnavuori, 1964a: 313. Holotype: /, Yemen: Anad (RLRF AMNH). FAMILY HETEROGASTRIDAE STÅL, 1872 Dinomachus aksiokhe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994: 24. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Hadramaut, Wadi Doad, Ar Rhib (RLRF NMWC). Note: The volume 37(1–2) of Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica including the original description of this species was published on March 21, 1994 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1993 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 101). Dinomachus clypealis Linnavuori, 1978d: 67. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri–Lalyo (RLRF AMNH). Eranchiellus pongoensis Linnavuori, 1978d: 66. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, River Pongo (RLRF AMNH). Masoas koronis Linnavuori, 1974f: 25. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Masoas subtilis Linnavuori, 1974f: 25. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Trinithignus manto Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994: 22. Holotype: ?, Algeria: Hoggar Mts. near Tamanrasset (RLRF NMWC). Note: The volume 37(1–2) of Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica including the original description of this species was published on March 21, 1994 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1993 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 105). Trinithignus themis Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002a: 225. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Lahima (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY LYGAEIDAE SCHILLING, 1829 Afraethalotus tomentosus Linnavuori, 1978d: 52. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Bas-Logone, Kidam (MNHN). Aulacopeltus melas Linnavuori, 1978d: 44. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF NMWC). Horvathiolus adonis Linnavuori, 1978d: 49. Holotype: /, Sudan: Erkowit (RLRF NMWC). Horvathiolus contaminatus Linnavuori, 1978d: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba– Terakeka (RLRF). Horvathiolus delicatulus argutidens Linnavuori, 1978d: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri–Laylo (RLRF). Horvathiolus najranus Linnavuori, 1986c: 72. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Najran (RLRF AMNH). Horvathiolus obscurus Linnavuori, 1978d: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba– Terakeka (RLRF). Horvathiolus rhea Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994: 9. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Al Mahaﬁd (RLRF NMWC). Note: The volume 37(1–2) of Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica including the original description of this species was published on March 21, 1994 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1993 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 43). Horvathiolus sudd Linnavuori, 1978d: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF). Lygaeosoma pilosa Linnavuori, 1978d: 50. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba–Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Lygaeus dives ocellaris Linnavuori, 1978d: 46. Holotype: ?, Yemen: near Dhala (RLRF NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI 599 Orsillus montanus Linnavuori, 1978d: 53. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Addi Caieh (RLRF AMNH). Orsillus potanini Linnavuori, 1978d: 53. Holotype: /, China: Sichuan, Tshzhanyinyiuan, Tamushu [¼Zhamynguan, NE of Jiangyou] (ZMAS). Paranysius australis Linnavuori, 1978d: 51. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Shendi (RLRF AMNH). Pylorgus alkithoe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994: 17. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Ibb, Al Makhadir (RLRF NMWC). Note: The volume 37(1–2) of Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica including the original description of this species was published on March 21, 1994 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1993 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 66). Pylorgus athnenicus Linnavuori, 1986c: 76. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: near Athnen (RLRF AMNH). Pylorgus ericae Linnavuori, 1978d: 53. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Pylorgus incognitus Linnavuori, 1978d: 54. Holotype: /, Yemen: Jebel Harir (BMNH). Pylorgus stramineus Linnavuori, 1978d: 54. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Jebel Harir (BMNH). Spilostethus altivolens Linnavuori, 1978d: 44. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF AMNH). Spilostethus longiceps Linnavuori, 1978d: 44. Holotype: /, Sudan: Lake Keilak (RLRF AMNH). Spilostethus rivularis epimetheus Linnavuori, 1974f: 23. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Imatong Mts., near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Spilostethus rivularis meleagros Linnavuori, 1974f: 23. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Barberocoris somalicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 65. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Borama (RLRF NMWC). Camptotelus carmini Linnavuori, 1960c: 38. Holotype: /, Israel: Kefar-Malal, Carmin (RLRF). Current status: Microplax carmini (Linnavuori, 1960) (see Hoberlandt, 1987: 7). Jakowlefﬁa inanna Linnavuori, 1984: 12. Holotype: /, Iraq: Karbala, Ain Al Tamar–Ramadi (RLRF NMWC). Macroplax ornata Linnavuori, 1951c: 108. Syntypes: ?/ (many specimens), Uzbekistan: Des. Golodn. [¼Golodnaya Step] (between Samarkand and SyrDaria) (UZMT). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Macropternella inermis (Fieber, 1851) (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1954a: 152 with Macropterna ornata Jakovlev, 1890; Péricart, 1994: 97, with M. inermis). Note: This taxon is missing in the Palaearctic catalogues by Péricart (2001b) and Aukema et al. (2013). Macropternella opaca Linnavuori, 1978d: 64. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Asmara (RLRF AMNH). Oxycarenus cruciatus Linnavuori, 1978d: 64. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Oxycarenus (Oxycarenus) cruciatus Linnavuori, 1978 (see Péricart, 2001b: 115). FAMILY OXYCARENIDAE STÅL, 1862 FAMILY PENTATOMIDAE LEACH, 1815 Auchenodes utu Linnavuori, 1984: 16. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, near Salahuddin (RLRF NMWC). Barberocoris astragali Linnavuori, 1984: 12. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Al Muthanna, near Nograt Salman (RLRF AMNH). Barberocoris leto Linnavuori, 1989a: 4. Holotype: ?, Israel: Mt. Ramon, Es Saharonim (RLRF AMNH). Barberocoris mirei periboia Linnavuori, 1989a: 2. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Northern Province, Ed Damer [¼Ad-Damar] (RLRF AMNH). Acrosternum aequale Linnavuori, 1972f: 419 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975h: 99, as holotype): /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Chinavia aequalis (Linnavuori, 1972), new combination (see Rider, 2016). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975h: 98–99) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1972f: 419) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type locality was cited as FAMILY PACHYGRONTHIDAE STÅL, 1865 Afrophyella Linnavuori, 1978d: 66 (subgenus of Cymophyes Fieber, 1870). Type species: Stenophyella africana Lindberg, 1958, original designation. Teracrius fulvus Linnavuori, 1970j: 200. Holotype: /, Eritrea: Asmara (RLRF). 600 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Sudan. We consider the holotype designation (the only type specimen) by Linnavuori (1975h: 99) as valid lectotype under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for the single syntype. Acrosternum (Chinavia) amosi Linnavuori, 1982b: 141. Holotype: /, Nigeria: W [¼Osun] State, Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Chinavia amosi (Linnavuori, 1982), new combination (see Ahmad, 1996; Rider, 2016). Acrosternum apicale Linnavuori, 1972f: 420 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1975h: 101, as holotype): ?, Yemen: near Lahej (RLRF NMWC). Note: The intended original description by Linnavuori (1975h: 101–102) was preceded by an identiﬁcation key by Linnavuori (1972f: 420) which makes the name available from the earlier publication; no types were established in the key and the type localities were cited as South Yemen and the Red Sea Coast of the Sudan. We consider the holotype designation (together with one paratype) by Linnavuori (1975h: 101) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Acrosternum curticeps Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1993d: 237. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sana’a, Matnah (RLRF NMWC). Aeliomorpha eremita Linnavuori, 1975h: 44. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aeliomorpha (Aeliomorpha) eremita Linnavuori, 1976 (see Rider, 2006: 265). Aeliomorpha grandis Linnavuori, 1974d: 398. Holotype: /, Kenya: Tana (NHMW). Current status: Aeliomorpha (Aeliomorpha) grandis Linnavuori, 1974 (compare Azim and Shafee, 1987). Aeliomorpha sheanensis Linnavuori, 1965c: 237. Holotype: ?, Israel: Beit Shean (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Aeliomorpha (Aeliomorpha) sheanensis Linnavuori, 1965 (see Rider, 2006: 265). Afrius discolor glypsoides Linnavuori, 1975h: 124. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Canthecona discolor (Palisot de Beauvois, 1811) (synonymized by Thomas, 1994: 167). Vol. 122(4) Agonoscelis arabica Linnavuori, 1975h: 92. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF AMNH). Agonoscelis okuana Linnavuori, 1982b: 106. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Mt. Oku (RLRF AMNH). Agonoscelis versicolor fallaciosa Linnavuori, 1975h: 93. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Nimule (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Agonoscelis versicolorata fallaciosa Linnavuori, 1975 (see Rider, 1998a: 450). Alomaella Linnavuori, 1982b: 74 (subgenus of Erachtheus Stål, 1861). Type species: Sciocoris tibialis Dallas, 1862, original designation. Antestia colorata acca Linnavuori, 1973f: 55. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Antestia tethys Linnavuori, 1970a: 41. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Parantestia (Parantestia) tethys (Linnavuori, 1970) (see Linnavuori, 1975h: 111). Antestia trispinosa Linnavuori, 1973f: 53. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Antestiella Linnavuori, 1975h: 113. Type species: Antestia bequaerti Schouteden, 1913, original designation. Antestiopsis nuba Linnavuori, 1975h: 112. Holotype: /, Sudan: Kordofan, Umm Shuheita– Jebel Shivai (RLRF AMNH). Aspavia inermis Linnavuori, 1986b: 129. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Mt. Oku (RLRF AMNH). Aspavia vittiventris argutidens Linnavuori, 1975h: 48. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni (RLRF AMNH). Atelocera arabica Linnavuori, 1975h: 22. Holotype: ?, Yemen (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Pseudatelus (Pseudatelus) arabicus (Linnavuori, 1976) (see Linnavuori, 1982: 62, 1989d: 8; Rider, 2006: 310). Atelocera darfurensis Linnavuori, 1975h: 22. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Darfur, Jebel Marra (RLRF AMNH). Bagrada (Nitilia) zillae Linnavuori, 1986c: 64. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Al Khuff (RLRF AMNH). Bathycoelia alkyone Linnavuori, 1989a: 6. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Socotra Island (RLRF NMWC). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Bathycoelia cythereia Linnavuori, 1974f: 11. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Bathycoelia thalassina f. nigromarginata Linnavuori, 1974f: 12. Holotype: /, Guinea, Mt. Nimba (nigromarginata det. Schouteden) (MRAC). Unavailable name in synonymy of Bathycoelia thalassina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844). Note: Linnavuori (1974f) attributed the taxon B. nigromarginata to Bergroth and provided this following comment: ‘The species B. nigromarginata has been recorded by Villiers (1952, p. 305). I have not been able to ﬁnd the original description, and Mrs. G. M. Black has informed me in a letter that she could not trace it in the lists of the British Museum either. Thus I do not know whether Bergroth really has described the species, or whether B. nigromarginata is only a manuscript name. At any rate B. nigromarginata undoubtedly is only a dark colour variety of the widespread B. thalassina (H.-S.).’ As B. nigromarginata has apparently been never described by Bergroth (D. A. Rider, pers. comm.) and Linnavuori (1974f: 12–13) considered it as infrasubspeciﬁc colour form, the name remains unavailable under the ICZN (1999: Article 15.2). Boerias kajoanus Linnavuori, 1982b: 119. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kajo-Kaji, Mongalla (RLRF AMNH). Brachynema ishiharai Linnavuori, 1961e: 85. Holotype: ?, Japan: Kohotoke near Tokyo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Chalazonotum ishiharai (Linnavuori, 1961) (see Ribes and Schmitz, 1992: 154). Carbula ampliventris Linnavuori, 1982b: 94. Holotype: ?, Nigeria, SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF NMWC). Carbula citheris Linnavuori, 1973d: 92. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lubumbashi (MZHF NMWC). Carbula cynthia Linnavuori, 1973f: 40. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Carbula decorata pungens Linnavuori, 1975h: 54. Holotype: /, Senegal (NHRS). Carbula marginella sindouana Linnavuori, 1982b: 97. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Sindou (RLRF). Current status: Carbula limpoponis sindouana Linnavuori, 1982 (see Rider, 1998a: 452, 2006: 296). Carbula melanacantha breviscutum Linnavuori, 1975g: 64. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: 601 Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Carbula melacantha breviscutum Linnavuori, 1975 (original spelling of the name is Cimex melacanthus – see Fabricius, 1794: 103). Carbula tristis Linnavuori, 1975h: 58. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Caura breviceps Linnavuori, 1970e: 45. Holotype: ?, Republic of the Congo (RLRF AMNH). Caura rubripes Linnavuori, 1975h: 26. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF NMWC). Caystrus basalis minor Linnavuori, 1972f: 409. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lulua, Kapanga (MRAC). Caystrus buzianus Linnavuori, 1974d: 410. Holotype: ?, Mozambique: Buzi (NHMW). Caystrus deserticolus Linnavuori, 1975h: 35. Holotype: /, Yemen: near Lahej (RLRF NMWC). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective deserticolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun deserticola, meaning inhabitant of deserts; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Caystrus edentatus Linnavuori, 1982a: 22. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Giohar (MZUF). Caystrus hipponax Linnavuori, 1972f: 414. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Ituri (RLRF AMNH). Caystrus kivuanus Linnavuori, 1974d: 403. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kivu, Bwito (MRAC). Caystrus marginiventris quadrimaculatus Linnavuori, 1972f: 405. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Caystrus quadrimaculatus (see Linnavuori, 1974d: 403). Caystrus mawambinus Linnavuori, 1974d: 411. Holotype: /, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Mawambi–Beni (NHMW). Caystrus niokanus Linnavuori, 1974d: 409. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Ituri, Nioka (MRAC). Caystrus nuristanus Linnavuori, 1974d: 400. Holotype: ?, Afghanistan: Nuristan, 25 km N of Barikot (NHMW). Caystrus parviceps Linnavuori, 1972f: 402. Holotype: /, Kenya: Eldoret (RLRF AMNH). Caystrus pseudobrunnescens Linnavuori, 1974d: 408. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Buta (RLRF AMNH). 602 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Caystrus pygmaeus Linnavuori, 1972f: 401. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Poundou (RLRF AMNH). Chromantestia Linnavuori, 1975h: 111 (as subgenus of Parantestia Linnavuori, 1973). Type species: Cimex cincticollis Schaum, 1853, original designation. Coenomorpha charon Linnavuori, 1982b: 60. Holotype: /, Cameroon: Bengbis (RLRF NMWC). Cosmopausias Linnavuori, 1982b: 149 (as subgenus of Pausias Jakovlev, 1905). Type species: Piezodorus martini (Puton, 1890), original designation. Current status: Junior objective synonym of Pausias Jakovlev, 1905 (synonymized by Ahmad, 1994: 35). Dalsira costalis ugandana Linnavuori, 1982b: 43. Holotype: ?, Uganda: Entebbe (NHRS). Current status: Basicryptus costalis ugandanus (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 851). Dalsira striata Linnavuori, 1982b: 44. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: PNU [¼Upemba National Park], Mukelengia near Kalumegongo (MRAC). Current status: Basicryptus striatus (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 851). Dalsira upembana Linnavuori, 1982b: 44. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: PNU [¼Upemba National Park], Kaswabilenga, r. dr. Luﬁra (MRAC). Current status: Basicryptus upembanus (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 851). Diploxys (Diploxys) arkheana Linnavuori, 1982b: 83. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Diploxys (Diploxys) orientalis Linnavuori, 1982b: 84. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF AMNH). Diploxys (Diploxys) pallidispina Linnavuori, 1982b: 82. Holotype: ?, Chad: near Fort Lamy (RLRF AMNH). Diploxys (Ancyrocoris) pulchricornis Linnavuori, 1975h: 37. Holotype: ?, Yemen (RLRF NMWC). Diploxys (Diploxys) richard-molardi mokwana Linnavuori, 1982b: 85. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NW [¼Niger] State, Mokwa (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Diploxys (Diploxys) richardmolardi mokwana Linnavuori, 1982 (mandatory change). Vol. 122(4) Dryadantestia Linnavuori, 1982b: 125. Type species: Farnya marmorata Villiers, 1967, original designation. Dryadocoris (Dryadocoris) breviceps breviceps Linnavuori, 1975h: 84. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Dryadocoris (Dryadocoris) breviceps kivuensis Linnavuori, 1975h: 85. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kivu, Bitale (MRAC). Dryadocoris (Dryadocoris) decipiens Linnavuori, 1975h: 86. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: Kilimandjaro (RLRF AMNH). Dryadocoris (Dryadocoris) kenyalis Linnavuori, 1975h: 86. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Mt. Kenya (RLRF AMNH). Dryadocoris medleri Linnavuori, 1972h: 10. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Cross River State], Obudu (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Obuducoris medleri (Linnavuori, 1972) (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 125). Dryadocoris (Dryadocoris) rufobrunneus Linnavuori, 1975h: 86. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Imatong Mts., near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Durmia circe Linnavuori, 1972 in Gillon (1972: 338). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1973f: 39, as holotype): /, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Durmia circe circe Linnavuori, 1972 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 101). Note: Gillon (1972) did not intend to describe this species and attributed it undoubtedly to ‘Linnavuori (in press)’. However, the paper by Gillon (1972: 266, 288, 296, 336–339) included the name, descriptive notes and keys for identiﬁcation of adults and mature larvae, which is sufﬁcient to establish the name as available, though with authorship of Linnavuori. The species was described from the Station d’Ecologie Tropicale, Lamto, Ivory Coast, but no type material was listed by Gillon (1972). We consider the holotype designation by Linnavuori (1973f: 39) as valid lectotype designation under the Article 74.5 (ICZN, 1999) because the term ‘type’ was used explicitely for one of the syntypes. Durmia circe voltana Linnavuori, 1982b: 101. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Bobo Dioulasso (RLRF AMNH). Durmia rodriguesi Linnavuori, 1982b: 99. Holotype: ?, Benin: near Kokoro (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Durmia sallier-dupini devius Linnavuori, 1982b: 101. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: near Fakobly (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Durmia sallierdupini devia Linnavuori, 1982, gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is the Latin adjective devius (-a, -um), meaning misleading, deviating or remote. As the genus is apparently a feminine, the correct gender agreement must be Durmia sallierdupini devia. Durmia sallier-dupini sallier-dupini Linnavuori, 1982b: 100. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: near Fakobly (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Durmia sallierdupini sallierdupini Linnavuori, 1982 (mandatory change). Durmia varicornis pseudaspavia Linnavuori, 1975h: 70. Holotype: /, Sudan: Kordofan, Kadugli (RLRF AMNH). Dymantis aias Linnavuori, 1982b: 69. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Neodymantis aias (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Kment and Rider, 2015: 281). Empiesta Linnavuori, 1982b: 104. Type species: Empiesta ventrivittata Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Empiesta ventrivittata Linnavuori, 1982b: 104. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Addis Abeba (ZMAS). Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982b: 70 (subgenus of Myrochea Amyot and Serville, 1843). Type species: Dymantis subvittata Stål, 1861, original designation. Current status: Junior objective synonym of Dymantis Stål, 1861, subgenus of Myrochea (synonymized by Ahmad and Zahid, 2004: 142; see Kment and Rider, 2015: 279). Eonymia Linnavuori, 1982b: 34. Type species: Metonymia overlaeti Schouteden, 1962, original designation. Eudryadocoris Linnavuori, 1975h: 78 (as subgenus of Dryadocoris Kirkaldy, 1909). Type species: Pentatoma goniodes Dallas, 1851, original designation. Current status: Valid genus, upgraded by Linnavuori (1982b: 126). Euryaspis chryseis Linnavuori, 1982b: 152. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: W [¼Oyo] State, Ibadan (RLRF). Current status: Eurysaspis chryseis (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). Euryaspis dentistylus Linnavuori, 1982a: 25. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: Kilimandjaro, Kibonoto (NHRS). Current status: Eurysaspis dentistylus (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). 603 Euryaspis impictus Linnavuori, 1982b: 153. Holotype: ?, Angola: Ahianga s/HO Spedeiro (MRAC). Current status: Eurysaspis impictus (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). Euryaspis iphigeneia Linnavuori, 1982b: 151. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Eurysaspis iphigeneia (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). Euryaspis phryne Linnavuori, 1982b: 152. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Eurysaspis phryne (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). Euryaspis rhea Linnavuori, 1982b: 152. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: Kw. [¼Kwara] State, Shaganu Biological Station (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Eurysaspis rhea (cf. Rider, 2006: 294). Eysarcoris squamosus Linnavuori, 1986a: 110. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Sar Uanle (MZUF). Gellia monticola Linnavuori, 1982b: 29. Holotype: /, Guinea: Mt. Nimba, Nion (MRAC). Gellia pilosa Linnavuori, 1982b: 29. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Gomphocranum adad Linnavuori, 1984: 8. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah, near Penjwin (RLRF NMWC). Gomphocranum anu Linnavuori, 1984: 8. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Al Qosh (RLRF AMNH). Gonopsis bellatrix Linnavuori, 1975h: 11. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei river (RLRF AMNH). Gonopsis dimorphus Linnavuori, 1975h: 11. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, River Pongo (RLRF AMNH). Gonopsis gillonae Linnavuori, 1974f: 7. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Gonopsis talodicus Linnavuori, 1975h: 13. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Talodi (RLRF AMNH). Gynenica vicaria Linnavuori, 1989d: 10. Holotype: /, Yemen: Ta’izz, on road to Mocha (RLRF NMWC). Halyomorpha angustisecta Linnavuori, 1982b: 117. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Halyomorpha carmona Linnavuori, 1982b: 116. Holotype: ?, Angola: Carmona (RLRF AMNH). Halyomorpha picoides Linnavuori, 1975h: 87. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). 604 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Halys jizanus Linnavuori, 1986c: 55. Holotype: ?, Saudi Arabia: Jizan (NHMB). Hermolaus longirostris Linnavuori, 1982b: 89. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Humria Linnavuori, 1975h: 32. Type species: Humria bimaculicollis Linnavuori, 1975, original designation. Humria bimaculicollis Linnavuori, 1975h: 33. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Lake Keilak (RLRF AMNH). Hymenomaga modesta Linnavuori, 1988c: 89. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Ta ı̈ environs (MNHN). Katongoplax Linnavuori, 1982b: 26. Type species: Katongoplax mubalensis Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Katongoplax mubalensis Linnavuori, 1982b: 27. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: PNU [¼Upemba National Park], Katongo near Mubale (MRAC). Kayesia setiger Linnavuori, 1982b: 50. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Gouindougouba (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Kayesia setigera Linnavuori, 1982, gender agreement corrected here. Note: The species epithet is the Latin adjective setiger (also saetiger; feminine setigera, neuter setigerum), meaning bristly, bristle-bearing, setaceous. Kurumana Linnavuori, 1972f: 431. Type species: Acrosternum bechuana Schouteden, 1960, original designation. Lamtoplax Linnavuori, 1982b: 21. Type species: Phyllocephala volxemi Stål, 1876, original designation. Lobopeltista ornata Linnavuori, 1982b: 24. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: PNU [¼Upemba National Park], Lusinga (MRAC). Lokaia Linnavuori, 1975h: 89. Type species: Lokaia paludicola Linnavuori, 1976, original designation. Lokaia paludicola Linnavuori, 1975h: 90. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Melanocryptus Linnavuori, 1982b: 33. Type species: Basicryptus funebris Schouteden, 1909, original designation. Current status: Junior homonym of Melanocryptus Cameron, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), replaced by new substitute name Jayma Rider, 1998 (see Rider, 1998b: 508). Vol. 122(4) Menida archias Linnavuori, 1970c: 45. Holotype: ?, Burkina Faso: Poundou (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Menida (Menida) archias Linnavuori, 1970 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 159). Menida compta Linnavuori, 1975h: 116. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, near Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Menida (Menida) compta Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 159). Menida decoratula bariensis Linnavuori, 1975h: 116. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Juba–Terakeka (RLRF NMWC). Menida handenica Linnavuori, 1986b: 131. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Tanganyika Territory, Handeni (MRAC). Current status: Menida (Menida) handenica Linnavuori, 1986 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 157, 1986b: 131). Menida lurida Linnavuori, 1986b: 133. Holotype: ?, Angola: Calondo (MRAC). Current status: Menida (Menida) lurida Linnavuori, 1986 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 157, 1986b: 131). Menida tuula Linnavuori, 1986b: 134. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Taı̈ (MRAC). Current status: Menida (Menida) tuula Linnavuori, 1986 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 157, 1986b: 131). Menida villosa Linnavuori, 1975h: 119. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: 6 km N of Taı̈ (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Menida (Menida) villosa Linnavuori, 1976 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 160). Metocryptus Linnavuori, 1982b: 40. Type species: Basicryptus pallidus Schouteden, 1909, original designation. Metocryptus acutangulus Linnavuori, 1982b: 41. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Elisabethville [¼Lubumbashi] (MRAC). Metocryptus calcaratus Linnavuori, 1982b: 41. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: PNU [¼Upemba National Park], Mubale (MRAC). Metonymia mabokeana Linnavuori, 1982b: 39. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Dalsira mabokeana (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 852). Metonymia mulunguana Linnavuori, 1982b: 38. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Mulungu (MRAC). Current status: Dalsira mulunguana (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 852). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Metonymia niemboana Linnavuori, 1982b: 37. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kivu, La Niembo (MRAC). Current status: Dalsira niemboana (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 852). Metonymia vicaria Linnavuori, 1982b: 37 (key, ﬁgure of head and pronotum), 38–39 (description). Syntypes: 1 /, Ethiopia, Seri (RLRF); 1 /, Uganda/Tanzania/Kenya: Victoria Nyanza [¼Ukerewe Lake] (MRAC). Current status: Dalsira vicaria (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Konstantinov and Gapon, 2005: 349). Note: Linnavuori (1982: 37–39) keyd and redescribed the species Metonymia vicaria giving Bergroth credit for this name. Rider and Rolston (1995) synonymized the genus Metonymia Kirkaldy, 1909 with Dalsira Amyot and Serville, 1843, but did not mention M. vicaria among the included species. Konstantinov and Gapon (2005: 349) provided the following comment: ‘Linnavuori (1982) described Metonymia vicaria with an erroneous authorship of Bergroth. According to labels of specimens from the ZIN collection [¼Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia], Bergroth really separated the species described, but never published the description.’ Konstantinov and Gapon (2005) correctly attributed the authorship of the species to Linnavuori and provided the new combination, Dalsira vicaria. Mezessea Linnavuori, 1982b: 61. Type species: Mezessea scutellaris Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Mezessea scutellaris Linnavuori, 1982b: 62. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Mezess é (RLRF AMNH). Mulungua Linnavuori, 1982b: 103. Type species: Mulungua depressa Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Mulungua depressa Linnavuori, 1982b: 104. Holotype: ?, Kenya: Londiani (RLRF). Nimboplax Linnavuori, 1982b: 22. Type species: Nimboplax schmitzi Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Nimboplax schmitzi Linnavuori, 1982b: 23. Holotype: ?, Guinea: Nimba (MRAC). Nkolbissonia Linnavuori, 1982b: 133. Type species: Nkolbissonia rubescens Linnavuori, 1982, original designation. Current status: Junior primary homonym of Nkolbissonia Dajoz, 1978 (Coleoptera: Cerylonidae), replaced by 605 new substitute name Nkolbissonicoris Rider, 1998b: 506. Nkolbissonia rubescens Linnavuori, 1982b: 133. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Yaoundé, Nkolbisson (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Nkolbissonicoris rubescens (Linnavuori, 1982) (see Rider, 1998b: 506). Obuducoris Linnavuori, 1982b: 125. Type species: Dryadocoris medleri Linnavuori, 1972, original designation. Oncozygidea denticollis Linnavuori, 1975h: 18. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Scotinophara denticollis (Linnavuori, 1975) (see Gapon, 2007: 245). Palomena mursili Linnavuori, 1984: 9. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Dahuk, Sulaf (RLRF AMNH). Paralerida Linnavuori, 1982b: 111. Type species: Lerida bolivari Schouteden, 1904, original designation. Paralerida luluana Linnavuori, 1982b: 112. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lulua, Kapanga (MRAC). Paralerida niokana Linnavuori, 1982b: 111. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Ituri, Nioka (MRAC). Parantestia Linnavuori, 1973f: 57. Type species: Antestia trivialis Stål, 1876, original designation. Parantestia (Parantestia) dryas Linnavuori, 1975h: 111. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Parantestia (Parantestia) dryas dryas Linnavuori, 1976 (see Linnavuori, 1982b: 132). Parantestia (Parantestia) dryas mambillana Linnavuori, 1982b: 132. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: NE [¼Taraba] State, Mambilla Plateau, Gembu– Yelwa (RLRF AMNH). Parantestia (Parantestia) elongata Linnavuori, 1975h: 107. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba–Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Parantestia (Parantestia) immunda Linnavuori, 1975h: 109. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Parantestia (Parantestia) lotis Linnavuori, 1975h: 108. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Stanleyville [¼Kisangani] (RLRF AMNH). Parantestia (Parantestia) marginata angularis Linnavuori, 1982b: 130. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Adiopodoumé (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Parantestia (Parantestia) massylia angu- 606 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA laris Linnavuori, 1982b (see Kirkaldy, 1909: 129; Rider, 2015). Parantestia (Parantestia) ocellaris Linnavuori, 1982b: 131. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF). Parantestia (Parantestia) picturella punctipes Linnavuori, 1975h: 108. Holotype: ?, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Lake Kivu (RLRF AMNH). Parantestia propinqua Linnavuori, 1974f: 10. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Parantestia (Chromantestia) propinqua Linnavuori, 1974 (see Linnavuori, 1975h: 111). Parantestia (Parantestia) viridula Linnavuori, 1975h: 110. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Pausias (Pausias) leprieuri ornatellus Linnavuori, 1982b: 148. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NC [¼Kaduna] State, Zaria (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Pausias (Linnavuorius) ornatellus Linnavuori, 1982, raised to species rank by Ahmad (1994: 38). Pausias (Pausias) modestus Linnavuori, 1982b: 149. Holotype: /, Nigeria: NC [¼Kaduna] State, Kagoro forest (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Pausias (Linnavuorius) modestus Linnavuori, 1982 (see Ahmad, 1994: 38). Pausias pulverosus Linnavuori, 1975h: 123. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Pausias (Linnavuorius) pulverosus Linnavuori, 1976 (see Ahmad, 1994: 40). Penedalsira Linnavuori, 1982b: 41. Type species: Phyllocephala notata Dallas, 1851, original designation. Phricodus incisiforceps Linnavuori, 1975h: 22. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mt. Maigudo (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Phricodus hystrix (Germar, 1838) (synonymized by Göllner-Scheiding, 1999: 154). Plautia elegans Linnavuori, 1975h: 114. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Plautia crossota (Dallas, 1851) (synonymized by Roche, 1979: 602). Pseudatelus Linnavuori, 1982b: 62. Type species: Pentatoma spinulosa Palisot de Beauvois, 1807, original designation. Pseudolerida capitata Linnavuori, 1982b: 103. Holotype: /, Central African Republic: La Maboke (RLRF NMWC). Vol. 122(4) Pseudomemmia Linnavuori, 1982b: 64 (subgenus of Pseudatelus Linnavuori, 1982). Type species: Memmia excurrens Bergroth, 1893, original designation. Sciocoris (Parasciocoris) addisi Linnavuori, 1972h: 2. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Addis Abeba env., Entotto Hills (PSPC). Sciocoris australis Linnavuori, 1975h: 26. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Torit–Kapoeta (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Sciocoris australis Dallas, 1852, replaced by Sciocoris sahelensis Rider and Rolston, 1995 (see Rider and Rolston, 1995: 850). Sciocoris (Parasciocoris) cassiae Linnavuori, 1975h: 28 (differential diagnosis). Holotype: /, Yemen: Aden (MZHF). Current status: Sciocoris (Parasciocoris) cassiae Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 59). Note: Linnavuori (1975h) attributed S. cassiae to Reuter, compared it to S. sahlbergi Wagner, 1952 and listed its holotype. Linnavuori (1986) realized that ‘the holotype was labelled as Sciocoris cassiae sp. n. by Reuter but the species was never described’ and provided its formal description with the same holotype mentioned. However, the treatment of Linnavuori (1975h) is sufﬁcient to establish the name as available with Linnavuori as its author. The authorship of the species was clariﬁed by Rider (2006: 352). Sciocoris conspurcatus majusculus Linnavuori, 1964a: 308. Holotype: ?, France: Le Lavandou (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) conspurcatus majusculus Linnavuori, 1964 (see Rider, 2006: 349). Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) farsianus Linnavuori, 2012: 82. Holotype: ?, Iran: Fars, Fasa– Mianjangal (RLRF NMWC). Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) fraterculus Linnavuori, 1972h: 4. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Borama (RLRF AMNH). Sciocoris (Parasciocoris) kmenti Linnavuori, 2012: 84. Holotype: ?, Iran: Tehran, Robat-e-Tork (NMPC). Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) lineiventris Linnavuori, 1972h: 6. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Asmara–Decamere (RLRF AMNH). Sciocoris monticola Linnavuori, 1975h: 27. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Jebel Jihaf (BMNH). Current status: Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) monticola Linnavuori, 1975 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 58). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Sciocoris orientalis Linnavuori, 1960c: 13. Holotype: ?, Israel: Ashqelon (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) orientalis Linnavuori, 1960 (see Rider, 2006: 350). Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) othmanus Linnavuori, 1972h: 8. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Sheikh Othman–Lahej (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) conspurcatus Klug, 1845 (synonymized by Linnavuori and van Harten, 1997: 228). Note: Rider (2006: 350) listed S. othmanus as valid species, apparently by mistake (D. A. Rider, pers. comm.). Sciocoris rotundiceps Linnavuori, 1975h: 28. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Alamata (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Valid species unplaced to subgenus (see Rider, 2015). Scotinophara acutangula Linnavuori, 1973f: 34. Holotype: ?, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF AMNH). Scotinophara depressa Linnavuori, 1974f: 8. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: ‘Cameroun merid.’ (HNHM). Scotinophara longicornis Linnavuori, 1972h: 1. Holotype: ?, Central African Republic: Boukoko (RLRF AMNH). Scotinophara mixta Linnavuori, 1970j: 198. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Guitry (RLRF AMNH). Scotinophara yaoundea Linnavuori, 1982b: 51. Holotype: ?, Cameroon: Yaoundé, Nkolbisson (RLRF AMNH). Scribonia päivi Linnavuori, 1972f: 397. Holotype: /, Nigeria: [Osun State], Ile-Ife (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Scribonia paivi Linnavuori, 1972 (mandatory change). Note: Päivi is Finnish woman name and name of Rauno’s daughter, given as noun in apposition. Sepontia angusticollis Linnavuori, 1975h: 48. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: Kilimandjaro (RLRF AMNH). Sepontia misella laticeps Linnavuori, 1975h: 47. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: near Ghinda (BMNH AMNH). Sepontia nitens Linnavuori, 1975h: 47. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Stenozygum alamata Linnavuori, 1975h: 98. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Dessie–Karakore (RLRF AMNH). 607 Stenozygum genale Linnavuori, 1975h: 97. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kordofan, Umm Shuheita– Jebel Shivai (RLRF AMNH). Stenozygum pallens Linnavuori, 1982b: 163. Holotype: ?, Niger: Arlit road (RLRF AMNH). Tarisa fraudatrix maris-mortui Linnavuori, 1960c: 8. Holotype: ?, Israel: ’Ein Gedi (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Tarisa subspinosa marismortui Linnavuori, 1960 (see Linnavuori, 1986c: 52). Tarisa leprosissima Linnavuori, 1964b: 208. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Ed Damer [¼Ad-Damar] (RLRF AMNH). Tarisa somalica Linnavuori, 1975h: 16. Holotype: ?, Somalia: near Borama (RLRF AMNH). Tholagmus acutangulus Linnavuori, 1984: 7. Holotype: ?, Iran: M. Madyle, Kučje, Makran [¼ Baluchestan, Kucheh] (ZMAS). Tholagmus enkidu Linnavuori, 1984: 6. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Mosul (RLRF AMNH). Thoria gioharana Linnavuori, 1982a: 19. Holotype: /, Somalia: Giohar (MZUF). Thoria iadmon Linnavuori, 1982b: 54. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Foro-Foro (RLRF AMNH). Tshingisella robusta Linnavuori, 1960c: 8. Holotype: /, Israel: Jerusalem (MZHF). Vanessomenida Linnavuori, 1982b: 161 (as subgenus of Menida Motschulsky, 1861). Type species: Menida vanessae Leston, 1955, original designation. Veterna alcanor Linnavuori, 1982: 113 (in key). Lectotype (designated by Linnavuori, 1989a: 6): ?, Ethiopia: Jimma (RLRF NMWC). Note: Veterna alcanor Linnavuori and Cobben was listed as a manuscript name in Linnavuori (1982b: 113). Although such manuscript was never published, description in a key to the species of the genus Veterna is sufﬁcient to make it an available name, V. alcanor Linnavuori, 1982 (see Linnavuori, 1989a: 6, including valid lectoytpe designation). Veterna chewensis Linnavuori, 1975h: 75. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Mai Chew (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY PLATASPIDAE DALLAS, 1851 Brachyplatys advenus Linnavuori, 1977d: 52. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF NMWC). 608 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Brachyplatys robustus Linnavuori, 1977d: 52. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma afﬁne pellax Linnavuori, 1977d: 69. Holotype: ?, Tanzania: Usambara, Nguele (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma aglaia Linnavuori, 1974f: 5. Holotype: /, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma amabile Linnavuori, 1977d: 74. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Imatong Mts. near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma antigone Linnavuori, 1977d: 62. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma arabicum Linnavuori, 1977d: 78. Holotype: ?, Yemen: near Dhala (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Davidová-Vilı́mová (2006: 154), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Coptosoma athamas Linnavuori, 1974f: 7. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma dentiventre Linnavuori, 1977d: 73. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma dilutum Linnavuori, 1977d: 64. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior primary homonym of Coptosoma dilutum Montandon, 1894, replaced by Coptosoma parapallens Rider, 2010 (see Rider, 2010: 562). Coptosoma marginellum putridum Linnavuori, 1977d: 77. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma maridicum augeias Linnavuori, 1974f: 7. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma maridicum maridicum Linnavuori, 1974f: 6. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Maridi–Ibba (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma nebulosum abraxas Linnavuori, 1974f: 4. Holotype: ?, Ivory Coast: Lamto (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma olivaceum Linnavuori, 1977d: 55. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma pygmaeum ingessanorum Linnavuori, 1977d: 72. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Coptosoma kassindianum ingessanorum Vol. 122(4) Linnavuori, 1977 (see Rider, 2010: 563; Rider and Kment, 2015: 68). Coptosoma pygmaeum superbum Linnavuori, 1977d: 72. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Coptosoma kassindianum superbum Linnavuori, 1977 (see Rider, 2010: 563; Rider and Kment, 2015: 69). Coptosoma stali geminum Linnavuori, 1977d: 76. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma stali interruptum Linnavuori, 1977d: 76. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Loka forest (RLRF NMWC). Coptosoma tabiense Linnavuori, 1977d: 63. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (¼Tabi Hills) (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma tessellatum Linnavuori, 1977d: 70. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Coptosoma thetis Linnavuori, 1977d: 62. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka road (RLRF NMWC). Livingstonica aberrans Linnavuori, 1977d: 50. Holotype: ?, Republic of South Africa: Transvaal (NHMW). Pseudoponsila kapoeta Linnavuori, 1977d: 49. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kapoeta–Boma (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY PYRRHOCORIDAE AMYOT VILLE, 1843 AND SER- Neodindymus elegans Linnavuori, 1988b: 15. Holotype: ?, Nigerie: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF AMNH). Sericocoris (Pseudocenaeus) obuduanus Linnavuori, 1988b: 14. Holotype: ?, Nigerie: SE [¼Cross River] State, Obudu Cattle Ranch (RLRF). FAMILY RHOPALIDAE AMYOT 1843 AND SERVILLE, Chorosoma xenocles Linnavuori, 1976c: 95. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Addis Abeba (RLRF AMNH). Peliochrous globisternum Linnavuori, 1978d: 42. Holotype: ?, Yemen: near Dhala (RLRF AMNH). Peliochrous nigromaculatus alpinus Linnavuori, 1978d: 42. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI Serinetha oreias Linnavuori, 1978d: 44. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Ed Damazin (RLRF). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Leptocoris mutilatus (Gerstaecker, 1873) (synonymized by G öllner-Scheiding, 1980: 122). Serinetha orodemnias Linnavuori, 1978d: 44. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Ed Damazin (RLRF). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Leptocoris hexophthalmus hexophthalmus (Thunberg, 1784) (synonymized by Göllner-Scheiding, 1980: 117). FAMILY RHYPAROCHROMIDAE AMYOT SERVILLE, 1843 AND Aellopus sumulailu Linnavuori, 1984: 17. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Irbil, near Salahuddin (RLRF NMWC). Botocudo ferrugineus Linnavuori, 1978d: 77. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Botocudo giloensis Linnavuori, 1978d: 78. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Botocudo vitticollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 77. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Botocudo x-niger Linnavuori, 1978d: 78. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Dakhla Linnavuori, 1964a: 316. Type species: Dakhla striipennis Linnavuori, 1964, original designation). Junior subjective synonym of Suffenus Distant, 1903 (synonymized by Linnavuori, 1969b: 205). Dakhla striipennis Linnavuori, 1964a: 316. Holotype: ?, Egypt: Dakhla (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Downgraded to subspecies Suffenus fusconervosus striipennis by Linnavuori (1969b: 205), considered junior subjective synonym of Suffenus fusconervosus (Motschulsky, 1863) by Scudder (1970: 103). Diniella trispinosa Linnavuori, 1978d: 72. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Maridi (RLRF AMNH). Elasmolomus arabicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 92. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF [AMNH] NMWC). Current status: Liolobus arabicus (Linnavuori, 1978) (see Linnavuori, 1989d: 21). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Péricart (2001b: 199), but it is not 609 included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Elasmolomus mahﬁd Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994: 27. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Abyan, Al Mahaﬁd (RLRF NMWC). Note: The volume 37(1–2) of Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica including the original description of this species was published on March 21, 1994 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1993 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 1997). Emblethis angustus var. dubius Linnavuori, 1954a: 164. Holotype: ?, Greece: Crete, Canea (UZMT). Current status: Unavailable name in synonymy of Emblethis angustus Montandon, 1890 (synonymized by Péricart, 1999: 14). Notes: Linnavuori (1954a: 164) established var. dubius alongside with the subspecies Engistus exsanguis punctulatus Linnavuori, 1954a and Rhyparochromus chiragra cyprius Linnavuori, 1954a, which makes this taxon infrasubspeciﬁc and therefore unavailable from its original description (see ICZN, 1999: Article 45.6.4; Lingafelter and Nearns, 2013). The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 143). Emblethis brachypterus Linnavuori, 1954a: 165. Holotype: /, Israel: Jordan (UZMT AMNH). Current status: Suspected junior subjective synonym of Emblethis dilaticollis (Jakovlev, 1874) (synonymized by Seidenstücker, 1987: 144). Note: The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 144). Emblethis ﬁlicornis Linnavuori, 1954b: 40. Syntypes: 3 //, Russia: Tuva, Kemtschik (MZHF). Eremocoris gracilis Linnavuori, 1968b: 199. Holotype: /, Yemen: El Errein, near Haz near Sana’a (BMNH). Ethaltomarus scudderi Linnavuori, 1976a: 127. Holotype: ?, Somalia: Afgoi (RLRF). Gonianotus angusticollis Linnavuori, 1954a: 166. Syntypes: 2 ??, Asian Kazakhstan: Chimkent Province, Bekljar-bek (?) and Uzbekistan: Desert Golodnoi [¼Golodnaya Step] (?) 610 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA (UZMT). Note: The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 147). Hyalochilus fasciatus Linnavuori, 1984: 16. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Ninawa, Al Qosh (RLRF AMNH). Lasiosomus erato Linnavuori and van Harten, 2001: 238. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Djebel An Nabi Shuaib (RLRF NMWC). Lasiosomus sedulus abyssinicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 86. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Agheresalem (RLRF AMNH). Lasiosomus terpsikhore Linnavuori, 1989c: 55. Holotype: ?, Israel: Southern District, Be’er Sheva (RLRF AMNH). Lethaeus aristarche Linnavuori, 1978d: 75. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Renk– Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Lethaeus dryas Linnavuori, 1978d: 75. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Lethaeus inermipes Linnavuori, 1978d: 76. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Lethaeus kowdanus Linnavuori and van Harten, 2002a: 226. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Al Kowd (RLRF NMWC). Lethaeus pelamys Linnavuori, 1978d: 75. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Lethaeus punctiventris Linnavuori, 1978d: 76. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Lophoraglius fasciatus Linnavuori, 1978d: 73. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Kassala, Erkowit (RLRF AMNH). Lophoraglius niloticus Linnavuori, 1978d: 73. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Lophoraglius punctatulus Linnavuori, 1978d: 73. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Megalonotus semela Linnavuori, 1970j: 203. Syntypes: 2 //, Chad: Bas-Chari, Farcha near Fort Lamy (MNHN, RLRF). Mizaldus sinuaticollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 86. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei– Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Vol. 122(4) Pachybrachius capicolus umbricolus Linnavuori, 1978d: 87. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Shashamanni, Wondo cloud forest (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Pseudopachybrachius capicola (Stål, 1874) (synonymized by Zheng and Slater, 1984: 103), gender agreement collected here. Note: The subspecies name is the erroneous adjective umbricolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun umbricola, meaning inhabitant of shade; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). The species name capicola was established in the original combination Pamera capicola Stål, 1874 (Stål, 1874: 148), and therefore should be treated as noun in apposition, meaning inhabitant of Cape region. Pachybrachius kisseis Linnavuori, 1978d: 88. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei– Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Stalaria kisseis Linnavuori, 1978 (see Harrington, 1980: 91). Pachybrachius nysias Linnavuori, 1978d: 89. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Upper Nile, Malakal (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Stalaria nysias Linnavuori, 1978 (see Harrington, 1980: 91). Parastilbocoris fumidus Linnavuori, 1978d: 81. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Lotti forest (RLRF). Piezoscelis elegans Linnavuori, 1978d: 92. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Sulaymaniyah (RLRF NMWC). Pionosomus abha Linnavuori, 1986c: 88. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), Saudi Arabia: Asir National Park, near Abha (RLRF AMNH). Note: The depository of holotype is cited as AMNH by Péricart (2001b: 151), but it is not included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). Plinthisus (Isioscytus) alpinus Linnavuori, 1978d: 68. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, near Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Plinthisus (Locutius) daneghanus Linnavuori and van Harten, 2000: 171. Holotype: / (macropterous), Yemen: Socotra Island, Wadi Daneghan (NMWC). Plinthisus (Plinthisus) debaroensis Linnavuori, 1989d: 19. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), Eritrea: Debaroa (MZUF). Plinthisus (Isioscytus) himyaritus beniamaricus Linnavuori, 1978d: 69. Holotype: / (brachy- 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI pterous), Eritrea: Decamare (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Plinthisus (Isioscytus) beniamaricus Linnavuori, 1978d (raised to species rank by Sweet and Slater, 2004: 12, 17). Plinthisus (Isioscytus) himyaritus himyaritus Linnavuori, 1978d: 69. Holotype: ? (brachypterous), Yemen: Jebel Jihaf (BMNH). Current status: Plinthisus (Isioscytus) himyaritus Linnavuori, 1978d (see Sweet and Slater, 2004: 12, 17). Plinthisus (Isioscytus) laevis Linnavuori, 1978d: 69. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Blue Nile, Wad es Zaki (RLRF AMNH). Plinthisus (Locutius) lucidus Linnavuori, 1978d: 71. Holotype: / (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Mundri–Lalyo (RLRF AMNH). Plinthisus (Isioscytus) noctivagus Linnavuori, 1978d: 70. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Plinthisus (Nannoplinthisus) pallens Linnavuori, 1978d: 70. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Darfur, Safaha–Abu Matariq (RLRF AMNH). Poeantius angusticollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 94. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Poeantius baggara Linnavuori, 1978d: 95. Holotype: / (macropterous), Sudan: Kordofan, near Babanusa (RLRF AMNH). Poeantius dhalaicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 94. Holotype: /, Yemen: Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF NMWC). Poeantius ingessana Linnavuori, 1978d: 96. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF NMWC). Poeantius opariensis Linnavuori, 1978d: 96. Holotype: / (macropterous), South Sudan: Equatoria, Opari–Magwe (RLRF NMWC). Poeantius sabuleti Linnavuori, 1978d: 95. Holotype: ? (macropterous), Sudan: Blue Nile, Abu Hashim–Galegu (RLRF AMNH). Poeantius saxatilis Linnavuori, 1978d: 97. Holotype: / (macropterous), Eritrea: Ghinda (RLRF AMNH). Polycrates zeuxis Linnavuori, 1970j: 202. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Raglius alboacuminatus josifovi Linnavuori and Heiss, 2008: 232. Holotype: ?, Iran: Gilan, Damashk–Bareh Sar (RLRF NMWC). 611 Rhyparochromus chiragra cyprius Linnavuori, 1954a: 163. Lectotype (designated by Seidenstücker, 1979: 278): /, Cyprus: Boghazi (MZHF). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Megalonotus emarginatus (Rey, 1888) (synonymized by Péricart, 1999: 137). Note: The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 164). Rhyparochromus rugulosus Linnavuori, 1954a: 161. Syntypes: 4 ??, Israel: Jerusalem (2 ??), Mont. Jud. occ. [¼western mountains of Judea] (2 ??) (UZMT). Current status: Megalonotus rugulosus (Linnavuori, 1953) (see Péricart, 2001b: 166). Notes: This taxon was originally described based on four male syntypes from Israel. However, Péricart (2001b: 166) listed the holotype, male from ‘Israel: Jerusalem’. As Péricart’s (2001b) action does not fulﬁl requirements of the Articles 74.5 (the choice of the ‘holotype’ as name-bearing type was not explicite) and 74.6 (the taxon was clearly described according to four specimens) of the ICZN (1999) his action does not constitute valid lectotype designation. The depository of the syntypes is cited as UZMT in the original description. However, Péricart (2001b: 166) mentioned the ‘holotype’ deposited in AMNH, but no such specimen is included in the on-line register of AMNH types (Anonymus, 2005). The volume 19(4) of Annales Entomologici Fennici including the original description of this species was published on January 4, 1954 (Kment and Wilson, 2017), not in 1953 as supposed previously (cf. Péricart, 2001b: 166). Rhyparochromus (Liolobus) sabulicola Linnavuori, 1989d: 21. Holotype: ?, Lahej–Dhala road (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Liolobus sabulicola (Linnavuori, 1989) (see Péricart, 2001b: 199). Rhyparochromus (Raglius) tisifone Linnavuori, 1990a: 18. Holotype: /, Iraq: Shaklawa (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Rhyparochromus tisifone Linnavuori, 1990 (see Péricart, 2001b: 211). Salaciola alomaensis Linnavuori, 1978d: 84. Holotype: /, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yei–Iwatoka (RLRF AMNH). 612 ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Salaciola intermedia Linnavuori, 1978d: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Wau (RLRF AMNH). Salaciola pilicornis Linnavuori, 1978d: 85. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Kateri–Gilo (RLRF AMNH). Salaciola signaticornis Linnavuori, 1978d: 85. Holotype: /, Ethiopia: Belleta forest (RLRF AMNH). Scolopostethus daulias Linnavuori, 1978d: 82. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Singa–Damazin (RLRF AMNH). Scolopostethus eros Linnavuori, 1978d: 83. Holotype: /, Somalia: Hargeisa (RLRF NMWC). Scolopostethus silvicolus Linnavuori, 1978d: 82. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Note: The species name is the erroneous adjective silvicolus (-a, -um) instead of the correct Latin noun silvicola, meaning inhabitant of forests; however, incorrect latinization is not a reason for emendation of the name according to ICZN (1999: Article 32.5.1). Stigmatonotum carinatum Linnavuori, 1978d: 90. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Ibba– Yambio (RLRF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Stigmatonotum afrum Stål, 1865 (synonymized by Slater and Zheng, 1985: 18). Stilbocoris arabicus Linnavuori, 1978d: 81. Holotype: /, Yemen: Jebel Jihaf, Wadi Leje (BMNH). Stilbocoris galla Linnavuori, 1978d: 79. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Stilbocoris laevicollis Linnavuori, 1978d: 79. Holotype: /, Sudan: Belleta forest (RLRF). Stilbocoris pasiphae Linnavuori, 1978d: 79. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF). Stilbocoris persimilis Linnavuori, 1978d: 80. Holotype: ?, Ethiopia: Gembi near Agaro (RLRF AMNH). Stilbocoris triangularis Linnavuori, 1978d: 81. Holotype: /, Sudan: Blue Nile, Umm Banein (RLRF AMNH). Stilbocoris zande Linnavuori, 1978d: 80. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Equatoria, Yambio (RLRF). Taphropeltus ornatus Linnavuori, 1978d: 83. Holotype: ?, Eritrea: Ailet (RLRF AMNH). Vol. 122(4) Tethallotrum longicolle Linnavuori, 1978d: 99. Holotype: ?, Yemen: Beit Baus near Sana’a (BMNH). Tropistethus lanternae Linnavuori, 1960c: 41. Holotype: ?, Israel: Dan (RLRF NMWC). FAMILY SCUTELLERIDAE LEACH, 1815 Alphocoris crassiceps Linnavuori, 1975h: 15. Holotype: ?, Sudan: Blue Nile, Ingessana Mts. (RLRF). Alphocoris halophilus Linnavuori, 1984: 3. Holotype: ?, Iraq: Saleh ed Din [¼Salah ad Din], Tharthar lake (RLRF). FAMILY STENOCEPHALIDAE DALLAS, 1852 Dicranocephalus agilis litoralis Linnavuori, 1960c: 21. Holotype: ?, Israel: Ashqelon (MZHF AMNH). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Dicranocephalus agilis (Scopoli, 1763) (synonymized by Lansbury, 1966: 87 with D. agilis moralesi Wagner, 1950, which was synonymized with D. agilis by Moulet, 1995: 356). Dicranocephalus pilicornis Linnavuori, 1961d: 83. Holotype: /, Israel: Wadi Wefekh (RLRF NMWC). Current status: Junior subjective synonym of Dicranocephalus insularis (Dallas, 1852) (synonymized by Lansbury, 1965: 72 with D. bianchii Jakovlev, 1901, which was synonymized with D. insularis by Moulet, 1995: 359). FAMILY TESSARATOMIDAE STÅL, 1865 Haplosterna virescens combreticola Linnavuori, 1975h: 9. Holotype: ?, South Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, M’Boloko (RLRF). Haplosterna virescens senegalana Linnavuori, 1975h: 10. Holotype: ?, Senegal: Kaolok (MRAC). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are obliged to Mike R. Wilson (NMWC) for his kind assistance during our stays in Cardiff. David Rider (North Dakota State University, Fargo, USA), Dávid Rédei (Nankai University, Tianjin, China) and El} od Kondorosy (Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary) provided their critical comments on the manuscript. Jerzy A. Lis (Opole University, Opole, Poland), Ping-ping Chen and Nico Nieser (Tiel, the Netherlands) provided us important comments on taxonomic status of some of the taxa. Randall T. Schuh and Ruth Salas (AMNH) 2017 HETEROPTERA DESCRIBED BY RAUNO E. LINNAVUORI and Thomas J. Henry (USNM) provided us with valuable information on types deposited or supposed to be deposited in their institutions. This work was ﬁnancially supported by Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DKRVO 2017/ 14, National Museum, 00023272). LITERATURE CITED Aglyamzyanov, R. S. 2006. On the taxonomic status of Lygus israelensis Linnavuori, 1962 (Heteroptera: Miridae). Zoosystematica Rossica 14: 211–212. Aglyamzyanov, R. S. 2009. 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