R u s s ia n E n to m o l. J . 4 ( 1 -4 ) : 115-125 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 1995 N e w re co rd s an d s yn o n ym y in Xyp h o s iin i an d Te p h r itin i ( D ip te ra Te p h r itid a e Te p h ritin a e ) fro m th e Far East o f Ru s s ia Н о в ы е н а х о д к и и с и н о н и м и я Xyp h o s iin i и Te p h r itin i ( D ip te ra Te p h ritid a e Te p h ritin a e ) Д а л ь н е г о В о с т о к а Ро с и и V.A. Ko rn e ye v B.A. К о р н е е в Schm alhausen In s titu te of Z oology, N ational Acadcm y of Scicnces, 252030 Kiev, U kraine И н с т и т у т з о л о г и и и м . И .И . Ш м а л ь г а у з с н а , Н а ц и о н а л ь н а я А к а д е м и и Н а у к , 252030 К и е в , У к р а и н а KEY WORDS: Diptera, flies, fruit flies, Tephritidae, Tephritini, Xyphosiini, Russia, Far East, taxonomy, fauna. К Л Ю ЧЕ В ЫЕ СЛО В А : Diptera, мухи , м ухи -п есртокы лик , Te phritidae, Tephritini, Xyphosiini, Р ос и,я Д ал ь н и й В о,стк си емта ,к ауфи . ABSTRACT. Diagnosis of the Xyphosiini is redefined; the tribe in lu d e s Ic te r ic a Lw ., Ic te r ic o d e s Hering, z n A X y p h o s ia R.-D. M e r z o m y ia Korneyev, nom.n., is proposed as a replacement name for W e s te r m a n n ia Lioy. M e r z o m y i a w e s te r m a n n i (Meigen, 1826) comb.n., M . lic e n ti (Chen in: Ziaet Chen, 1938) comb.n. and M . m o n g olica (Korneyev, 1990) comb.n. are included in this genus T e p h r itis h e rin g i Korneyev, nom.n., is a replacement name for T e p h r itis m u ltig u tta ta H e r in g , 1953, junior second­ ary homonym of T e p h r itis m u ltig u tta ta (Becker, 1913) (= E u r ib ia m u ltig u tta ta Becker, 1913). The following synonymy is established: D io x y n a b id en tis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) = P a r o x y n a ch e n i Zia, 1937, syn.n., C a m p ig lo ssa lu x o r ie n tis (Hering, 1940) = P a ro x y n a m elano ch roa Hering, 1941,syn.n., T e p h r itis o k e ra (Shinji, 1940) = T e p h r itis ism en e Hering, 1953, syn.n., non Rondani, 1871, T e p h r itis so n c h in a Hering, 1937 = T . m a n d sc h u ric a Hering, 1953, syn.n .T ru p a n e a g u ttis te lla Hering, 1951 = T ru p a n e a c o llin a Ito, 1984, syn.n.The following species are recorded from the Far East Russia for the i'n s ttir a e .Ic te r ic o d e s d e p u n c ta (Heriftg), comb.n.(= I c te r ic a d e p u n c ta , A c in ia d e p u n c ta auctt.), T e p h r i­ tis c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering, T. jo c a s te Hering, T. so n c h in a Hering, T ru p a n e a c o n v ex g e n s Hering, T e p h r itis p te r o s tig m a Hering, T ru p a n e a g u ttis te lla Hering, T e p h r itis o k e ra (Shinji), T. m a ju sc u la Hering et Ito, T e p h r itis h y o sc ia m i (L.). G o n io x y n a atrata Wang is placed to H o m o e o tric h a a tr a ta (Wang) comb.n. ютлечакв Р Е З Ю М Е . П оказ н о, чот три б а Xyphosiini I c te r ic a Lw., Ic te r ic o d e s Hering, и This paper is a part of the project supported with an individual grant from the International Scientific Foun­ dation in 1993. R.-D. овРде н аз в ие M e r z o m y ia п р е д л о ж е н о ка з а м е щ а ю щ е д л я W e s te r m a n n ia Lioy. Род влюк чает M e r z o m y i a w e s te r m a n n i (Meigen, 1826) comb.n., M . lic e n ti (Chen in: Zia et Chen, 1938) comb.n. и M . m o n g o lic a (Korneyev, 1990) comb.n. T e p h r itis h e r in g i Korneyev, nom.n. — зещам ю щ е н аз вн и е д л я T e p h r itis m u lti­ g u t t a t a Hering, 1953, non E u r ib ia m u ltig u tta ta Becker, 1913. Устан овлен а си н о и м:я D io x y n a b id e n tis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) = P a r o x y n a c h e n i Zia, 1937, syn.n., C a m p ig lo ssa lu x o r ie n tis (Hering, 1940) = P a r o x y n a m e la n o c h ro a Hering, 1941, syn.n., T e p h r itis o k e ra (Shinji, 1940) = T e p h r itis ism e n e Hering, 1953, syn.n., T e p h r itis s o n c h in a Hering, 1937 = T. m a n d s c h u r ic a Hering, 1953, syn.n., T ru p a n e a g u t ti s te ll a Hering, 1951 = T r u p a n e a c o llin a Ito, 1984, syn.n. В п ерв ы е дл я рай он а ислеодван ий аукз ы ваю сят Ic te r ic o d e s d e p u n c ta (Hering), comb.n. (= Ic te r ic a d e p u n c ta , = A c i n ia d e p u n c ta auctt.), T e p h r it i s c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering, T. jo c a s te Chen, T. so n c h in a Hering, T ru p a n e a c o n v e rg e n s Hering, T e p h r itis p te r o s tig m a Hering, T r u p a n e a g u t tis te lla Hering, T e p h r itis o k e ra (Shinji), T. m a ju sc u la Hering et I to , T e p h r itis h y o s c ia m i (L .) .H o m o e o tr ic h a a tr a ta (W ang) comb.n. перм щ ен а и з рода G o n io x y n a . X y p h o s ia I n t r o d u ct io n The main taxonomic and faunistic works dealing with Tephritinae of the Russian Far East were referred to in my previous papers [Korneyev, 1986, 1987, 1990]. Also, the Palaearctic species of the genus U ro p h o ra (tribe Myopitini) have been re­ vised by Korneyev and White [1991, 1992, 1993]. When treating material from the collections of Zoological Institute (St.-Petersburg), of Zoologi- cal Museum of the Moscow University and of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (Kiev), and preparing a chapter of Dipteran volume for “The Keys for Identification to Insects of the Soviet Far East”, several species of the subfamily Tephritinae were added to the list of species known already from this region. The following acronyms are used for the institu­ tions where the collections are located: DEI — Project Entomologie (Deutsches Entomologisches Institut), Eberswalde-Finow; SIZK — Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Acad­ emy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev; NHML — Natural History Museum, London (formerly Brit­ ish Museum (Natural History)); UOP — Univer­ sity of Osaka Prefecture, ZISP — Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg; ZMUM — Zoological Museum of the Mos­ cow University. Su b fa m ily Te p h r it in a e Tribe Xyphosiini Hendel, 1927 REMARKS.Hendel [1927] originally included in the Xyphosiini, besides X y p h o sia R.-D., also A c in ia R.D. (now assigned to Tephritini), and Ic te ric a Lw. The Palaearctic species placed in the latter genus are now treated under Ic te ric od es Hering and M e rzo m y ia Kor­ neyev, nom.nXsee below). The New World tribe Acrotaeniini [Foote et al., 1993] apparently is closely related. Ic te ric o d es is the only Palaearctic genus closely related to X yp h o sia . Another genus obviously belonging here is Ic te ric a Loew (see below). The diagnosis of Xyphosiini must be redefined as follows. DIAGNOSIS. Anterior and posterior orbital bristles of same colour (plesiomorphy). Outside Tephritinae, in Tephritinae: Terelliini, in the genera, related to Jam eso m yia Quisenberry and H ypenidiu m Loew, and in Aciurini posterior or is black to light yellow, as the anterior one, whereas in the remaining Tephritinae p or is white (except in Myopitini having only one or). All head and body bristles and setae are yellow (apomorphy). Most Tephritidae have bristles black to dark brown, except in A c id o x a n th a Hendel (Trypetinae) and in some species of T erellia R.-D. and A c in ia R.-D. In Xyphosiini and Acrotaeniini a ll bristles are yellow, neither black, nor white. It can be either a synapomorphy of Xyphosiini + Acrotaeniini, or a homoplasy. Scapular bristles slightly longer than mesonotal setae. In most Tephritidae, other than Tephritinae (ex­ cept P lioreocepta Korneyev, C ephalophysa Hering, and M a lic a Richter) scapular bristles are large, 2-5 times longer than other mesonotal setae; this state is presumed plesiomorphic; in P lioreocepta, Tephritinae: Terelliini, Xyphosiini, Acrotaeniini, Myopitini, and in the genera related to Jam eso m yia , they are only 1.5 times longer than setae, so this character is presumed apomorphic. Further­ more, in Oedaspidini, Eutretini, Schistopterini and Te­ phritini there is no distinctive scapular bristles at all, and it is hypothesized to be an advanced state comparing to Xyphosiini and allied taxa. For the genera of Xyphosiini this character is believed to be a symplesiomorphy. Vein R4+5 setulose below (and usually above) to RM (plesiomorphic). Outside Tephritinae there is R4+J setu­ lose below and above in Blcpharoneurinae, Acanthonevrinae, Trypetinae: Gastrozonini, and in some other taxa, so this state is presumed to be plesiomorphic. Inside Tephritinae, this character state is found in all Xyphosi­ ini, Acrotaeniini, Cccidocharini, A cin ia , D ith r y c a Rondani, P a ra ca n th a Loew, P seu d a cin ia , P la te n sin a Bezzi, some T ep hritis Latreille and T rupanea Schrank. It is absent in many non-related or remote genera of Tephriti­ nae, including all Terelliini. In the case of Terelliini it is the synapomorphy of the tribe, but the weight of this character is extremely low due to numerous homoplasies. Wing pattern reticulate (apomorphy). Most Te­ phritidae beyond Tephritinae have striate or so-called “aciuroid” type of wing pattern, and the reticulate type of pattern found in few genera of Acanthonevrinae and other subfamilies is apparently derived of the other two types. In the Terelliini and Acrotaeniini, as well as in Myopitini and Cecidocharini wing pattern is striate, whereas in Oedaspidini, Tephrellini and genera, allied to Ja m eso m yia the reticulate pattern is found in few species and is considered to appear independently. The reticu­ late pattern is widespread in the Eutretini / Schistopter­ ini/Tephritini complex. The latter taxa are the most advanced clade of Tephritinae that might be a derivative of the Xyphosiini, but not its ancestral group. Therefore, the reticulate pattern is considered here to be a synapo­ morphy of X yphosia R.-D., Ictericodes Hering, and Ic te ric a Lw. The weight of this character is very low. Gians of aedeagus large (plesiomorphy), without sclerotized apicodorsal rod (apomorphic), with simple tubular acrophallus (apomorphy); scape of aedeagus without additional lobe (= ligula: Korneyev, 1985) (apomorphy). The aedeagus with large glans, sclerotized apicodorsal rod, 2(-3) semitubular sclerits of acrophallus and prcapical lobe of the scape is common in Acanthonevrinac, Trypetinae: Gastrozonini and Tephritinae: Terelliini. These states characters are plesiomorphic. Xyphosiini, Acrotaeniini and the rest of Tephritinae possess advanced states of aedeagus characters (except the size of glans various) and are presumed to be the main monophyletic stem of Tephritinae opposite to Terelliini. Aculeus apex blunt, rounded and broad (plesiomor­ phy). The blunt apex of aculeus is known for many Acanthonevrinae, Phytalmiinae, layng eggs into decaying wood and plant matter, and in Trypetinae: Gastrozonini, one of the most primitive feeders of living plant tissues. Terelliini, Xyphosiini, and Acrotaeniini also possess blunt aculeus that obviously cannot pierce plant tissues, and use it for oviposition between florets in composite flowerheads. This state of character is obviously plesiomorphic in Tephritinae, whereas the acute piercing ovipositors in the remaining tribes of this subfamily is of an apomorphic state, though probably liable to homoplasy. Larvae of P lioreocepta, all Terelliini, X yp ho sia and S ten o p a (Tephritinae) have the reticulate pattern of the “facial mask” well-developed and similar in details; Jam esom yia and Procecidochares also have reticulate pattern, but no details arc known. It has not been described for other Tephritinae, and is absent at least in Urophora. Such pattern is presumed a synapomorphy of Plioreocepta and Tephritinae, secondary reduced in lar­ vae of advanced plant-feeding species. It is the symplesi­ omorphy of Tephritinae and does not show close relation­ ships between Xyphosiini and other taxa of the subfamily. Figs 1-13. Ic te ric a s e r ia ta (1,4,7,9), O r o ta v a c rib ra ta (2,5,8,12) and M e r z o m y ia lic e n ti (3,6,11,13), male (1-8) and female (9-13) term inalia (1-3 — glans o f aedeagus, 4-6 — epandrium , 7-8 — basiphallus, right view; 9-11 — aculeus, ventral view (a — apex, enlarged), 12-13 — spermatheca). Рис. 1-13. Ic te ric a s e ria ta (1,4,7,9), O r o ta v a c rib ra ta (2,5,8,12) и M e r z o m y ia lic e n ti (3,6,11,13), т е р м и н а л и с а м ц а (1-8) и с а м ки (9-13) (1-3 — глан с дэеа гус , 4-6 — эп а н д р и й , 7-8 — ба з иалф , в и д сп рав ; 9-11 — л ез в и е яй ц е к л а д (а — в е р ш и н а , ув ел и ч е н о ), 12-13 — с п е р м а те ка ). The diagnosis includes mostly plesiomorphic charac­ ters, but at least uniformly yellow (neither white, nor black) bristles (including posterior ocellar, all postocu­ lar, posterior notopleural, and anepimeral bristles), and the reticulate wing pattern are considered herein to be the synapomorphy. Palaearctic X y p h o sia and I c te r i­ codes, as well as Nearctic Icterica, fit here. The New World genera of Acrotaeniini [Foote et al., 1993] are close to them in many characters, including peculiar similarities of spermathecae and aculeus shape. The only sufficient difference is mostly striate, not reticulate wing pattern; this character is of low value. Hereof the three latter Holarctic genera are consid­ ered to belong to the same tribe, and closely related to the New World genera assigned to the Acrotaeniini, derived or sister group of Xyphosiini. including genital structures (Figs remarks under M e rzo m y ia below. 1 ,4 ,7 , 9). See also I c te r ic o d e s d e p u n c ta (Hering), comb.n. H ering, 1936:184 ( I c t e r i c a ) ; Chen in: Zia, Chen, 1938: 107 ( A c i n i a d e p u n c t a t a , error); Foote, 1984: 70 (A c i n i a ) MATERIAL EXAMINED. Khabarovskiy Kray: Khabarovsk, 16.07.1931, cf (Pereleshina); Primorskiy Kray: Kamenushka, 28.07.1983,$ (Shatalkin), Spassk, 15.07.1961,$ (Zhelokhovtsev), Kedrovaya Pad’, 25.08.1980, $ (Shatalkin). DISTRIBUTION.Far East of Russia (new record), China (vicinities of Harbin). Tribe Tephritini Group of genera allied to S p h e n e lla [ Ic te ric a Loew, 1873] REMARKS.This generic name was misapplied to some Palaearctic species now transferred in Ic te ric o d es Hering, P seu d a cin ia Korneyev, and M e rzo m y ia Kor­ neyev, nom.n. It was treated among the “unplaced Tephritinae” by Foote et al. [1993]. The two Nearctic species, Ic te ric a seria ta (Lw.) and I . circin a ta (Lw.) possess all the diagnostic characters of the Xyphosiini, REMARKS. ThisgroupbelongstoTephritini. Monophyly of the Old World S p h en e lla group of genera is supported by their strict association with host plants of the tribe Senecioneae and the number of frontal bristles reduced to two. Other traits of the group are the very characteristic structure of aedeagus, the presence of extremely or moderately long posterior prongs, associat­ ed with the flanges of epandrium in most genera, Figs 14-17. T e phritis. Wings. 14 — T. c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering; 15 — T. sp. cf. tr y p a n e in a Hering; 15-16 — T. m a ju s c u la Hering et Ito, two extreme variants o f wing pattern. Ри.с 14-17. T e p h ritis . Кры ль.я 14 — T. c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering; 15 — T. sp. cf. tr y p a n e in a Hering; 15-16 — T. m a ju s c u la H ering et Ito, дв а к р а й н и х в а р и а н та кр ы л о в г о р и с у н ка . assigned to this group by Munro [1957], Freidberg [1987] and Freidberg and Hancock [1989]. One more Afrotropical genus, namely P a ra fe u treta Munro, pos­ sessing all the essential characters of the group, was omitted from these works. Recently, Freidberg and Kaplan [1992] placed this genus in the S p h e n e lla group. It is close to P a ra te p h ritis Shiraki. Phylogeny and classification of the group need further analysis. M e r z o m y ia Korneyev nom .n. W e s t e r m a n n i a Lioy, 1864 (D iptera), nom. praeocc. Hübner, 1821 (L ep id o p tera). Type-species (by m onotypy): W e s t e r m a n ­ n i a t e p h r i t i s i o i d e s Lioy, 1864 ( = T r y p e t a w e s t e r m a n n i M eigen, 1826). — I c t e r i c a sensu H endel, 1927, non C oquillett, 1910, non H endel, 1914. Type-species (by consequent invalid designation (H endel, 19 2 7 )) .T r y p e t a w e s t e r m a n n i M eigen, 1826(Palaearctic ). — O r o t a v a Frey; Korneyev, 1990 (p ro parte). DIAGNOSIS. Yellow-brown flies of moderate size, with dark brown wings with numerous irregular yellow dots and few hyaline spots on them. Eyes uniformly green in living specimens. Head slightly higher than, or as high as long; arista short pubescent; 2 fr, 2 or, posterior or white; postorbital row with intermixed 4-8 long white bristles and 10-12 short black bristles; labellum longer than 0.7 of parastomal cavity length. Thorax sparsely microtomentose, subshining including scutum and scutellum; mesonotal setae white and mod­ erately dense, not forming pattern of setulose and bare areas. Chaetotaxy complete; bristles brown to black, including p npl, except anepm white; dc between asa level and transverse suture; 4 scut. Wing elongate; 2 costal spurs 3 times longer than surrounding setae; vein R1+, setulose to R-M above and below; lower squama slightly longer than upper one. Hindfemora without anteroventral row of bristles, at most, with 6-7 smaller subapical. Abdominal terga very sparsely microtomen­ tose, white setulose at most in posteriorly, black setulose in anteriorly. Female tergum 6 shorter than tergum 5. Male terminalia: epandrium wide, with flanges serrate and no prong-like lobes above them; aedeagus with rather long tube of acrophallus and reduced tale-like posterior extension of the glans (flagellum) (Fig. 3). Female terminalia: syntergosternum 7 fine brown or yellow setulose; aculeus rather broad, very gradually pointed apically, with subapical step and rounded apex; two round spermathecae without papillae. REMARKS. The European T ry p e ta w esterm anni Mg. was placed by Loew [1862] into O xyp h o ra R.-D., 1830 (now treated as possible junior synonym of O x yn a R.-D.). Later, when Loew established Ic te ric a [Loew, 1873], for two Nearctic species, he noted, that “it will appear more natural to withdraw 0 [ x y p h o r a ] W e ste r­ m an ni from the genus [O xy ph ora] and to form a new genus for it, together with the above described [T ryp eta s e r ia ta L w ., 1862]... This genus may be caWcd Ic terica ." Therefore, he originally included T ry p e ta w esterm anni into Ic te ric a Coquillett [1910] has designated the Nearctic T ryp e­ ta seriata Lw. as a type-species of Ic te ric a Lw. This designation was accepted by Hendel [1914] in the key to the of fruit-fly genera of the World. Nevertheless, later Hendel [1927] has erroneously designated the Palaearctie T ry p e ta w este rm a n n i Mg. as the type-species of Ic te r ic a ; and it was noted already by Foote and Fre­ idberg [1981]. Recently, all Palaearctic species assigned to Icte ric a were withdrawn from it and placed into O ro ta va Frey [Korneyev, 1990]. Dr. Bernhard Merz (Ziirich) has found that these species have isolated position and are not congeneric with the type species of O ro ta v a (person­ al communication). In a further cladistic analysis (Norrbom, Korneyev, in p re p a ra tio n ) these species were shown to be a monophyletic group, corresponding to the genus W e ste rm a n n ia Lioy, and not closely related to either O ro ta va or other genera of th cSp h ene lla group. As the name of this genus is preoccupied, a new name is being established here. ETYMOLOGY. This genus is named after Dr. Bernhard Merz in recognition of his contribution to the systcmatics of European Tephritinae. The generic name is derived from his name, and Greek m u ia (fly). The gender is feminine. RELATIONSHIPS. This genus belongs to the S p h en ella group of genera, fitting the diagnosis in the following autapomorphic characters: labella moderately elongate rather than capitate, epandrium broadened ventrally in posterior view, and larvae associated with plants from the genus S en ecio s.lat. or closely related to it. M e rzo m y ia is considered to be the sistcr-group to the remaining genera, because of having no additional synapomorphies with any other genera of the group and lacking characteristic S p h e n e lla - like structure of aedea­ gus (with the short scmitubular paired sclcrites of acrophallus, evolving basal portion of ejaculatory duct, therefore extending beyond their apices as a membranous tube). The latter character is presumed to be the syna­ pomorphy of the remaining genera, also secondarily modified in O ro ta va Frey, O rth o ca n th o id es Freidberg, P seu do ph o re llia Freidberg & Hancock and in some spccies of T elaletes Munro. M e rzo m y ia may also be considered a rather derivated member, than the sistergroup, because there is no sufficient evidence, that its acrophallus structure cannot be derived from th eSp hen el/ö-like one. Autapomorphics of M e rzo m y ia are the following: abdominal terga (at least 2-4) black setulose anteriorly, acrophallus simple, elongate tubular, com­ pletely sclerotized, tale-like dorso-caudal flagellum re­ duced, papillae on spermathecae completely lacking. M e rzo m y ia fits near diagnosis of P a ra freu treta in the following features: wing pattern mostly dark brown with yellow dots and few hyaline spots, no hyaline bands or wedges, R1+s setulose above beyond R-M vein, hindfemora without anteroventral row of bristles, surstyli with serrate flanges, but without prong-like posteri­ orly directed process, differing in body colour yellow rather than brown, wing conspicuously elongate, and in all the characters listed above as its autapomorphics. O ro ta va Frey resembles M e rzo m y ia in the wing pattern mostly dark reticulate, the anteroventral row of bristles on hindfemora lacking, surstyli without prong­ like process and aculeus with subapical steps, differing in all postorbitals black, R1+s bare, wing pattern with more or less distinct subapical crossband composed of confluent hyaline spots, different structure of aedeagus and elongate and papillose spermathecae. Ic te ric a Loew shares with M erzo m yia the yellow body color, elongate brownish wing with yellow conflu­ ent dots and R4+5 vein setulose above and below at least Id R-M crossvein. It differs well in the following characters: all the bristles, including posterior or, longer postorbital and anepimcral bristles, and all small setae yellow, dc in line with asa, epandrium not broadened ventrally, flanges lacking or, if present, never serrate, aculeus without subapical steps, spermathecae moder­ ately elongate, densely papillose; larvae in flowcrheads of B id e n s spp. (tribe Coreopsideae). From these charac­ ters I consider Ic te ric a to be a member of the tribe Xyphosiini (Tephritinae), not Tephritini. SPECIES INCLUDED. M e r zo m y ia w esterm anni (Meigcn) comb.n. (= T ryp eta w esterm an ni Meigen, 1826) from southern Europe, M e r zo m y ia lic e n ti (Chen) comb.n. (= A c in ia lic e n ti Chen in: Zia and Chen, 1938) from China and Russian Far East, and M erzo m yia m ongolica (Korneyev) comb.n. (= O ro ta v a mongolica Korneyev, 1990) from central Mongolia. Group of genera allied to C a m p ig lo ssa D io x y n a b id e n tis (R.-D.) Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 755 ( S t y l i a ): Foote, 1984: 113 ( P a r o x y n a ); W hite, 1988:49; Korneyev, 1990:428 ( D i o x y n a ) . c h e n i Zia, 1937: 205; Foote, 1984: 113 ( P a r o x y n a ) syn.n. MATERIAL EXAMINED. CHINA: cf (specimen labeled in Chinese), 12.06.1935, (nam e o f collector in Chinese), “P a ro x yn a c h e n i Z ia” [det. ? Y.ZiaJ (NHML). According to Zia, P. cheni was described from a female specimen deposited in collection of “Agricultural Dept, of Nanking University”. It was not available for examination. Nevertheless both original description and the specimen from China mentioned above show that P. cheni does not differ from D . bidentis and I treat them as synonyms. H o m o e o tr ic h a a tr a ta (W ang) comb.n. W ang, 1990: 296, 3 0 3 ( G o n i o x y n a ) . This species possesses all the characters of H om oeot­ richa Hering, as defined by Korneyev [1993], including wing pattern, head and wing shape and especially th e extremely long labella. It fits very close to H . arisanica (Shiraki) from Taiwan and H . procusa (Dirlbck, Dirlbekova) from Mongolia, differing mainly in the presence of additional sausage-like hyaline spot just behind th e stigmal apex. It was described from a single male from the Inner Mongolia. The three species are extremely similar, but synonymization is pending until additional materials are available. C a m p ig lo ssa lu x o r ie n tis (Hering) o x y n o i d e s H ering, 1936: 186 ( P a r o x y n a ) (nom. pracocc., non P a r o x y n a o x y n o i d e s (Bczzi, 1924).— l u x o r i e n t i s Hering, 1940: 16 (nom .n. pro P . o x y n o i d e s H ering, 1936); Korneyev, 1986: 47 ( P a r o x y n a ) ', Korneyev, 1990: 454. — m e la n o c h r o a H ering, 1941: 30 ( P a r o x y n a ) syn.n. TYPE MATERIAL. P. m e la n o c h r o a : HOLOTYPE: ?: CHINA “Type” (red-boarded circle), “Type” (red paper square), “Charbin, M andchukuo, 18.09.1940 W A lin”, “ P a r o x y n a m e la n o c h r o a m. M .Hering det. Holotype” (NHML). Non-type Material. Primorskiy Kray: Yakovlevka, e x H e te r o p a p p u s h isp id u s, 16.09-23.10.1986, 2 t f c f , 2 ? ? (Zerova) (SIZK). The holotype of P. m elanochroa exhibits melanistic autumnal form of P. lu xo rien tis mentioned by Korneyev [1990: 455]. Some specimens from H eteropappus have intermediate wing pattern and body coloration. Group of genera allied to T e p h r itis T e p h r itis Latreille, 1804 REMARKS.More than 30 spccies of this genus have already been recorded from eastern China, Korea, Japan, Figs 18-27. T e ph ritis . Wings. 18 — T. so n c h in a Hering; 19 — T. jo c a s te Hering; 20 — T. s b a n s ia n a Chen; 21 — T. sin e n sis Chen; 22 — T. o k e r a Shinji; 23 — T. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 24 — T. c o n s im ilis Chen; 25 — T. sp. cf. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 27 — T. m u ltig u tta ta Hering, 27 — T. k o r e a c o la Kwon (18,22,25 — original; 19,26 — redraw n from Hering, 1953, 20,21,23,24 — from Z ia and Chen, 1938, 27 — from Kwon, 1985). Ри.с 18-27. T e ph ritis . Кр ы л ь .я 18 — T. s o n c h in a Hering; 19 — T. j o c a s te Hering; 20 — T. s b a n s ia n a Chen; 21 — T. sin en sis Chen; 22 — T. o k e r a Shinji; 23 — T. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 24 — T. c o n sim ilis Chen; 25 — T. sp. cf. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 26 — T. m u ltig u tta ta Hering, 27 — T. k o r e a c o la Kwon (18,22,25 — ориг.; 19,26 — no Hering, 1953, 20,21, 23,24 — no Z ia and Chen, 1938, 27 — no Kwon, 1985). and the Russian Far East, and approximately a dozen of specics are known to occur in the bordering regions of westerm and central China, Mongolia and Siberia. The systematics of the European species of T eph ritis were rather confuscd until recently, and a provisional review of East Palaearctic species shows, that more than one third of specific names are possible synonyms. No comprehensive keys exist, and many species are not recognizable from their original descriptions. Therefore, a complete revision of the Far East species of T eph ritis, involving the examination of all known type specimens, is necessary, but I suppose that the preliminary revision­ ary data given below add more to the knowledge of this genus. Merz [1992] recognized species groups in the genus; during the present study, several species were found to have very similar structure of female terminalia and hostplant associations, despite of differences in wing pattern that had been previously used as a main taxonomic character. Thus, the species of the Far East are arranged into the species groups below. Group of species related to T e p h r itis d ila c e r a ta DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R( with 3 hyaline spots; cell sc with hyaline or yellow spot; crossvein RM with 2-4 hyaline dots or hyaline area around it; tergosternum 7 with very few white setae above; aculeus rather short, weakly sclerotized, except dorso-basal portion, somewhat blunt apically, without subapical steps (Fig. 30). Larvae in flowerheads of So nch ns spp. (Lactuceae). The following species are included: T. d ila c e ra ta Lw. (Europe to Kazakhstan), T. form osa Lw. (Europe), T. ko v a le v i Korneyev & Kameneva (Central Asia: TienShang), and T. sonchina Hering (the Far East). T e p h r itis so n c h in a Hering Figs 18, 30. Hering, 1937: М 2; Foote, 1984; 133. — m a n d s c h u r ic a H ering, 1953:12; Foote, 1984:131, syn.n. —a/im 'H ering, 1936: 188; Foote, 1984: 127, p o s s ib le s e n i o r s y n o n y m . MATERIAL EXAMINED. T. s o n c h in a : SYNTYPES: cf, 9: CHINA: “C harbin, 1936”, “T e p h ritis s o n c h in a m. det. M.Hering 1937” and “Typus” (red paper square) (DEI) (syntypes o f this series are also located in Zoologische Staatssammlung, MBnchen and in NHML, but were not studied). T. m a n d s c h u r ic a . HOLOTYPE:Cf: CHINA: “Type” (on red-boarded circle), “Type” (on red paper square), “Charbin, Mandschurei, 11-17. VII. 1951 (W-Alin), “T e p h r itis n u z n d s c h u r ic a m .d e t.M ..H e n n $ 1951 Holotype” (MNHL). Non-type materials: RUSSIA: Amurskaya oblast, c f : Klimoutsy, 20.05.1959, (Borisova) (ZISP); Primorskiy Kray, cf, ?: Kam enushka, 4.08.1984,16.09.1987, (Shatalkin);Cf, ibid., 24.10.1968, (Gorodkov); $, Kamen’-Rybolov, 5.09.1978, (Kasparyan) (ZISP). CHINA: c f “Chandaochenzsy [Mandschuria], 6.07.1954”, (A lin) (NHML). REMARKS. All the examined specimens have very similar wing pattern, resembling that of T. crepid is Hendel (Fig. 18) (in the West Palaearctic species of the d ila c e ra ta group apical brown dots are isolated and do not form the apical fork). T. a lin i was described from a male specimen (not examined), that was said to have the wing pattern also veiy similar to T. crepidis, and scutellum reddish brown, that fits well T. sonchina too. As this species was described from a male, it cannot be securely identified and placed in the d ila cera ta group until the Far East fauna will be completely examined. Thus, in the meantime I prefer to treat the two as separate species. Group of species related to T e p h r itis c o m e ta DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R, with 3 hyaline spots; cell sc without hyaline or yellow spot; crossvein R-M with 2-4 hyaline dots or hyaline area around it, or without; tergosternum 7 with numerous white setae above in basal half; aculeus sclerotized, long, slightly contracted subapically, sharply pointed apically, with­ out subapical steps or apical incision (Figs 28, 29). Larvae in flowerheads of C irsiu m spp. (Cardueae). The following taxa are included: T. com eta Lw. (Europe to Kazakhstan), T . com eta cin g u la ta Hering (The Far East), T. com eta israelis Freidberg (Israel), and T . m a ju sc u la Hering & Ito (The Far East). T ryp eta koreacola Kwon is also associated with C irsiu m sp. and said to be very dose to T. m a ju scu la [Kwon, 1985: 91]. This species has wing pattern more similar to T. fem o ra ­ lis Chen and T. joca ste Hering, and therefore, may belong elsewhere; female terminalia were not examined. No other species associated with Asteraceae-Cardueae were found to be closely related. T e p h r itis c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering Figs 14, 29. H ering, 1936: 189; Richter, 1975: 596; Foote, 1984: 128. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Am urskaya oblast: Klimoutsy, 21.05.1958, 5 (Borisova) (ZISP); Khabarovskiy Kray: Dormidontovka, 92 km S from Khabarovsk, 28.07.1978, 5 (Kasparyan) (ZISP); Primorskiy Kray: Kam enushka (“Suputinskiy zapovednik”), 24.10.1968,14,27.07.1983,25.07,4.08.1984,14,21.10.1987, 4 Cfd", 4 ? ? (Gorodkov; Shatalkin; Antropov) (ZISP; ZMUM). REMARKS. Differs from the nominative subspecies in having the well-developed yellow pattern behind the stigma (Fig. 14) and longer ovipositor (Fig. 28). Previously recorded only from China (vicinity of Har­ bin) and Mongolia (South Gobi). The latter record apparently needs further confirmation. Freidberg (pcrs. comm.) suggests that T. com eta israelis Freidberg apparently might be a junior synonym of T. cometa c in gu la ta . T e p h r itis m a ju s c u la Hering et Ito Figs 16, 17, 28. H ering & Ito, 1953: 1; Foote, 1984: 131; Ito, 1984: 246. Material. S. Sakhalin: Pravda, S o f Kholmsk, 26. 05. 1968,o' (N artshuk), 25.05.1973, 8 c f c f , $ (Ermolenko, Kerzhner); Yuzh­ no-Sakhalinsk, 13.06.1954, 10,18.07.1955, 12.07.1956, 3 o"ö\ 3 ? ? (Violovitsh), Novoaleksandrovsk, 28.06.1973, <f (Kerzhner) (ZISP), ibid., 17,20.06. 7,31.07.1986, 3 O'O', 5 $ ? (Nesterov) (SIZK); S. Kuril.: Urup: Podgomoye, 8.08.1963, $ (Azarova); Shikotan: M alokurilsk, Krabozavodskoye and Tserkovnaya bay, 23.06.1968, 20-21.06, 16-20.08.1973, 18.08.1971, 22.09.1968, 24 cfcT, 19 9? (Kerzhner, N artshuk, Gorodkov); Kunashir: Tretyakovo, Alekhino, Mendeleyevo, Golovnin volcano, Sernovodsk, Dubovoye, 2-3.06.1963, 2 cTcf, 5-6.09.1971, 2 cfcf, 3 (Tanasijchuk, N artshuk), 12.06-1.09.1973, 14 cfcf, 14 (Kas­ paryan, Kerzhner) (ZISP); Stolbchatyi cape, 9.07.1985, 2 crcT (C hurkin) (ZMUM). REMARKS.The wing pattern is rather variable, having a hyaline dot or spot in cell R2 3 basad of the RM level in some specimens (Fig. 16). Previously re­ corded only from Japan. Host plants: Сгаыт norikuraensis Nakai, C. sp ic a tu m (Maxim.) Matsum., C irsium spp. [Ito, 1984]. Group of species related to T e p h r itis leo n to d o n tis DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R, with 3 (in some specimens only 2) hyaline spots; cell sc with or without hyaline spot; crossvein R-M with or without 2-4 hyaline dots or hyaline area around it; tergosternum 7 with few white setae above; aculeus sclerotized, moderately long, neither contracted subapically, nor sharply pointed Figs 28-37. T e ph ritis . Aculei (28-35) and sperm athecae (36-37). 28 — T. m a ju s c u la H ering e t Ito; 29 — T. c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering; 30 — T . s o n c h in a H ering; 31 — T . o k e r a Shinji; 32 — T. d io s c u r e a Lw. (K unashir); 33 — T . sp. cf. sin e n sis Chen; 24 — T . sp. cf. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 35-36 — T. jo c a s te Hering; 37 — T. t r y p a n e in a Hering. Ри.с 28-37. T e ph ritis . Л е з в и я яй ц е к л а д о в (28-35) и с п е р м а т е к и (36-37). 28 — Т. m a ju s c u la H ering et Ito; 29 — T. c o m e ta c in g u la ta Hering; 30 — T. s o n c h in a Hering; 31 — T. o k e r a Shinji; 3 2 — T. d io s c u r e a L w . (К у н а ш и р ) ; 3 3 — T. sp. cf. sin e n sis Chen; 24 — T. sp. cf. p te r o s tig m a Chen; 35-36 — T. jo c a s te Hering; 37 — T. sp. cf. tr y p a n e in a Hering. apically, without subapical steps, but with conspicuous, very deep apical incision (Fig. 31). Host plants: L eon todon, P ic ris and A tr a c ty lo d e s spp. (Lactuceae). The following species are included: T. leo n to d o n tis Degeer, T. tru n ca ta Lw., T. fa lla x Lw., T. m ariannae Merz (all from Europe), and T. okera Shinji (Japan, the Far East Russia). T e p h r itis o k e r a (Shinji) Figs 22, 31. Shinji, 1940: 2 ( P l a t e n s i a ) [sic!]; Ito, 1947: 6 0 ,sp .resu rr. — is m e n e H ering, 1953:14; Foote, 1984:130,sy n .n . —s e p a r a ta : Ito, 1984: 248 (m isidentification), non Rondani, 1871. MATERIAL EXAMNINMED. T. ism e n e . HOLOTYPE: cf: CHINA: “Type” (red-boarded paper circle), "Type” (red paper square), “Tigrovaja P adj/ M anschurei/ 19.VIII.1951 W.Alin", “T e p h ritis is m e n e m. Type cf / det. M.Hering 1951”; PARATYPES: ?: “Allotype” (red paper square) and c f : “Paratype” (red paper square), o th er labels as in th e holotype (NHML). Non-type Material. JAPAN: H onshu, Nagano, Yatsugatake, 1260 m height, on A rte m is ia , 11.08.1949, 2 ? ? (Ito) ( “T e p h ritis s e p a r a ta Rondani, 1871 Det. S.Ito, 1957) (UPO). RUSSIA: Khabarovskiy Kray. Sobolevo, 20 km S o f Viazemski, 29.07.1978, cf, 2 ? (Kasparyan) (ZISP); Primorskiy Kray: Gorno-Tayozhnaya Stanysiya, 31.08.1978, Cf (Kasparyan) (ZISP), ibid., ex Picris k o r e a n a , 5.09-12.11.1987, $ (Zerova) (SIZK); Kamenushka, 2.08.1984,Cf, 21-22.09.1987,4cf c f ,? (S hatalkin)(Z M U M ),ibid, 18.08.1987, cf (Kostjukov) (SIZK); Vladivostok, “valley o f the Suputinka river”, 3.08.1963 (N artshuk); Khasan d istr, Narva spring SW of Barabash, 4.08.1978, ? (Kasparyan) (ZISP); SKuriles: Kunashir: Tretyakovo, Sernovodsk, 12.06.1968, 16.0610.08.1973, cf, 6 $$ (N artshuk, Kerzhner, Kasparyan) (ZISP), Stolbchatyi cape, 29.06.1985, 2 c fc f, 2 (C hurkin) (ZMUM). REMARKS. I have not found any conspicuous differ­ ences between the type specimens of T. ismene, and T. cf. sepa ra ta from Ito’s collection, and T. okera specimens redescribed by Ito, so I consider them to be conspecific. Moreover, the true T. separata Rd. from Europe, recently redescribed by Merz[ 1992] has the tergal ratio of tergosternum 7 1.5 times longer than in T. okera, and different shape of aculeus apex. In this respect I cannot consider this species to be a senior synonym of T. okera, and resurrect the latter from synonymy. T. okera has the aculeus apex deeply incised apically, as in T. m ariannae Merz which is associated with L eon to do n hisp idu s in Switzerland. It somewhat differs from the latter species in the wing pattern by lacking the hyaline spot in pterostigma (except one female from Kunashir) and by some other details. A few specimens of T. okera do not differ from T. m ariannae conspicuously, and further study is required to clarify the relationships between these species. Group of species related to T e p h r itis s e p a ra ta DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R, with 3 hyaline spots; cell sc with or without hyaline spot; crossvein RM with or without 2-4 hyaline dots or hyaline area around it; tergosternum 7 with few white setae above; aculeus sclerotized, moderately long, neither contracted subapically, nor sharply pointed, but narrowed apically, without subapical steps, but with conspicuous, but not deep apical incision (Fig. 33). Host plants: L eo nto do n and P icris spp. (Lactuceae). The following species are included: T. separata Rond., T. d iv is a Rond., and T. m u ta b ilis Merz (Eu­ rope). T e p h r itis sp. cf. s in e n s is Chen r a m u lo s a Chen in: Zia et Chen, 1938: 159, nom. praeocc. — s i n e n s is Chen, 1940:11, nom.nov. p ro r a m u lo s a Chen, non Bccker. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Amurskaya oblast: Klimoutsy, 24.05, 27.09.1958, Cf, $ (G.Zinovjev) (ZISP). REMARKS. This species corresponds to the descrip­ tion of T. ram ulosa Chen, and also fits the description and figures of European T. sep ara ta Rond. The avail­ able material is too meagre to identify this species, and at most it may be considered to belong to this group. Group of species related t o T e p h r i t i s p t e r o s t i g m a DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R( with 3 (in some specimens only 2) hyaline spots; cell sc without hyaline or yellow spot, very often with basal hyaline incision; crossvein R-M never with 2-4 hyaline dots or hyaline area around it; tergosternum 7 with numerous white setae above in basal 1/2 -2 /3 ; aculeus sclerotizcd, moderately long, neither constricted subapically, nor sharply pointed apically, without subapical steps, but with shallow apical incision (Figs 34, 35). Host plants unknown. The following taxa are included: T. ptero stig m a Chen (China, the Russian Far East), T. fe m ora lis Chen (the Far East), T. b ip a r tita Hendel (China: Kiangsu), T. tria n g u la Ito (Japan), T. jocaste Hering (the Far East), T. koreacola Kwon (Korea), and T. herin gi nom.n. (south eastern China). T e p h r i t is h e r in g i Korneyev nom .n. m u l t i g u t t a t a H ering, 1953: 14; H ardy, 1977: 131, non Beckcr, 1913 ( E u r i b i a ) . REMARKS. Hering overlooked homonymy of this species, described after two males from south eastern China with the species described by Becker from Iran and transferred into T e p h ritis by Hendel [1927]. T e p h r itis sp. cf. p t e r o s t i g m a Chen MATERIAL EXAMINED. Amurskaya o b last Korsakovo, 100 km W o f Svobodnyi, 14,20.09.1958, 2 cfcf, 2 $?, ibid., Samodan peninsula, 4.08.1959, cf (G.Zinovjev); Simonovo, 29-30.05, 4,89.06.1959, 18-21.09.1958, 10 cfcf, 8 (K erzhner, G.Zinovjev); Klimoutsy, 26.05, 2-23.06, 24-27.09.1958 (G.Zinovjev, Borisova) (ZISP); Primorskiy Kray: Kam enushka (“Suputinskiy zapovednik”), 24.10.1968,cf (Gorodkov); Vladivostok, Sedanka, 27.10.1978, ? (Gorodkov); Khasan d istr, Andreyevka, 8.08.1978,$ (Kaspary­ an) (ZISP); Ryazanovka, 9.06.1989, ? (Shatalkin) (ZMUM). REM ARKS. The specimens listed above share the possession of additional third hyaline spot in cell R( and distinctive pale brown grid pattern covering more tan 2 / 3 of cell cua, and extending into the anal lobe (Fig. 25), and also in having the tergosternum 7 moderately long, densely covered with white setae on its basal half, and in the aculeus slightly flattened, with the subapical steps and shallow apical incision (Fig. 34). T. p te r o s tig ­ m a (Fig. 23), Г. c o n s im ilis C h e a (Fig. 24), T. b ip a r tita Hendel, T. tria n g u la Ito, T. h erin g i Korneyev and possibly T. koreacola Kwon (Fig. 27) fit here well, differing in minute details of the wing patterns. None of the type specimens of these species were available for study; female terminalia not dissected; moreover, T. h erin g i was described from the males. All these names mentioned above may belong either to one species or to the group of closely related species, and I am unable to resolve the problem of this extremely confused possible synonymy. T e p h r itis jo c a s te Hering H ering, 1953: 11; Foote, 1984:130. — f e m o r a l is Chen in: Zia et Chen, 1938: 155; Foote, 1984: 130, and s h a n s ia n a C hen, 1940: 529, possible senior synonyms. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Primorskiy Kray: Gorno-Tayozhnaya Stantsiya SW o f Ussuriysk, 2.08.1963, O', $ (N artshuk), Kamenushka (“Suputinskiy zapovednik”), 24.10.1962, 2 cfcf (Gorodkov) (ZISP), ibid., 25.08.1984,$ (Shatalkin), Khasan town, D oritseni lake, 22.10.1968, cT, 2 ? ? , Kedrovaya Pad’, 18.10.1968, $ (Gorodkov) (ZISP); Khasan distr., Tsukanovo, 17.07.1989, 2 c fcf, 2 ? ? (C hurkin). REMARKS. The specimens listed above share the possession two hyaline spots in cell R( (Fig. 19), ovipositor with tergosternum 7 densely white setulose and aculeus more or less conspicuously angulate in apical third(Fig. 35). Abdominal coloration varies from broadly yellow to completely black, wing pattern sometimes with yellow dots, or completely dark brown with hyaline spots. T. fe m o ra lis and T. sha nsian a fit well some variants of the wing pattern and body coloration in the series from the Russian Far East, but aculeus shape was not examined in the specimens from Ordos, Kansu, and Shansi. Therefore, I consider these species only as possible senior synonyms of T. jo ca ste. Group of species related to T e p h ritis ang ustip en nis DIAGNOSIS. Wing pattern: cell R( with 2 hyaline spots; cell sc without hyaline or yellow spot; crossvein R-M with or without hyaline dots or hyaline area around it (Fig. 32); tergosternum 7 with numerous white setae above in basal 1/2 - 2 /3 ; aculeus sclerotized, moderately short, neither contracted subapically, without subapical steps or apical incision (Fig. 32). Host plants: P ta rm ica, T anacetum , and A rte m isia spp. (Anthemideae). The following taxa are included: T. a n g u stip en n is Lw. (Europe, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, the Russian Far East: ? Kamchatka, northern North America), T. dioscurea Lw. (Europe, Kazakhstan, the Russian Far East, Japan), T. n ig rica u d a Lw. (Europe, ? Syria, ? Afghan­ istan, ? the Russian Far East), T. brachyura brachyura Lw. (Europe, ? Iran, ? China), T. brachyura nigrofem o ra ta Hendel (western China), T. v a r ia ta Beck. (Kyrghyzstan, Mongolia, western China), T. nebulosa Beck. (China: eastern Tibet), T. kukunoria Hendel (western China), T. tryp a n ein a Hering (the Far East: China and Russia), T. carcassa Dirlbek & Dirlbek (Korea), T. b im a cu la ta Freidberg (Israel, Egypt), T. d e n ta tu s Wang (China: Inner Mongolia), T. a nn ulifo rm is Wang (China: Inner Mongolia), T. consutus Wang (China: Inner Mongolia), and T. ca llio psis Wang (Chi­ na: Inner Mongolia). Most of the Far East species are unrecognizable, and at least 3 to 4 of these specific names might be junior synonyms of other ones from this group. '-This group of species will be revised in a separate paper. Species of unresolved position T e p h r itis h y o s c ia m i L . MATERIAL EXAMINED. Am urskaya oblast: Klimoutsy, 13,24.09.1958, 2 cfcf (G.Zinovjev) (ZISP). An occasionally introduced species, previously re­ corded only from Europe. Associated with C arduus thistles. Group of genera allied to T r u p a n e a This group is represented in the Palaearctic East Asia by some species of subcosmopolitan genus T rupanea Schrank (most of the New World species need re­ examination of their generic position), and three more species of U relliosom a (A llo cra sp ed a ) V. Richter and Donara V.Richter, the latter two are restricted to Transbaikalia, Mongolia, and China (Kansu). T ru p a n e a a m o e n a (Frauenfeld) MATERIAL EXAMINED Am urskaya oblast: Klimoutsy, 9.09.1958, ? (G.Zinovjev); Primorskiy Kray: Vladivostok, “the Suputinka riv. valley”, 3.08.1963, O' (N artshuk) (ZISP). T r u p a n e a c o n v e rg e n s Hering MATERIAL EXAMINED. Amurskaya oblast: Simonovo, 11.06, 12.07. 1959,2?? (Kerzhner); Klimoutsy, 22.05,8Д 3 .06,13.07.19 59, 7 $$ (G.Zinovjev, Borisova) (ZISP). T r u p a n e a sp. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Am urskaya oblast: Simonovo, 8.07.1959,0’ (K erzhner), Klimoutsy, 16.07.1958 O' (G.Zinovjev) (ZISP). Though these specimens have somewhat distinct wing pattern, they are apparently only the males of the previous species. T r u p a n e a g u t ti s te ll a Hering H ering, 1951: 13; Foote, 1984: 137. —c o ll i n a Ito, 1984: 255 syn.n. MATERIAL EXAMINED. T. g u ttiste lla . HOLOTYPE:Cf: CHINA: “Type” (red boarded circle), “Type” (red paper square), “Charbin, Mandschurei, 11.IX.1949”, “Tr y p a n e a g u ttis te lla m. det M.Hering 1950. Holotype”; PARATYPE: $: “Type” (red-boarded circle), “Type” (red paper square), ibid., 20.07.1945, “T r y p a n e a g u ttis te lla m. det. M.Hering, 1950. Allotype” (NHML). T. collina: PARATYPES: c f ; JAPAN: Honsyu, Sinano: Siga-Koogen, 1600 m, on A n aph alis, 11.09.1953 (Ito) (red handw ritten label (with ball-point pen): “Allotypoid T r u p a n e a c o llin a Ito”, ?: JAPAN: Tyubu-Gifu, Takayama, 25.07.1954 (Kodama) (with blank blue rectangle) (UPO). Non-type materials: RUSSIA: Primorskiy Kray: Kamenushka, 11.07.1984, 22.09.1987, Cf, ? (Shatalkin) (ZM UM ), Vladivostok, on a window, 14.09.1968, 2 cfcf, $ (Petrova), “th e Lyanchikhe riv.”, 20.06.1963, ? (Falkovich), Kedrovaya Pad’, 24.06.1962, cf (N artshuk) (ZISP); S-Kuriles: Kunashir: Mendeleyevo, 3.07.1973, cf.Semovodsk, 16.07.1973, Dubovoye nr. Golovnino, 18,22.07.1973, 3 92 (K erzhner) (ZISP). REMARKS. Wing patterns of both the mainland specimens and of the specimens from Kurile Islands are rather variable and also sexually dimorphic. Males are very similar to the type specimens ofT. g uttistella and females correspond to T. collina. The specimens from southern Primorskiy Kray more often have wing pattern with the hyaline spots between the rays in cell M (= Cp2) partially or completely confluent, as it was figured in the monograph on Japanese tephritids [Ito, 1984: Figs 374-375]. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. I thank all the following persons who kindly loaned the materials for this study: J. Ziegler (DEI); A.G. Kotenko, M.A. Nesterov and M.D. Zerova (SIZK); I.M. W hite, CAB International Institute of Entomolo­ gy, London (specimens from NHML); T. Hirowatari (U O P); V.A. Richter (ZISP); A.L. Ozerov, A.I. Shatalkin (ZM UM ). Special thanks to B. Merz (EidgenössischeTechnische Hochschule, Züri­ ch) for the numerous specimens of Tephritinae from W est Europe and the Canary Islands, kindly gifted for the SIZK collection and facilitated this work in a great degree. I am grateful to A.V. Antropov (ZM UM ), A. Freidberg (Tel Aviv University) and B. Merz for critically reviewing early drafts of the manuscript. R efer en ces C hen S.H. 1940. Rectifications o f th e nom enclature o f some Trypetidae / / Sinensia. V oI.ll. P.529. C oquillett D.W. 1910. The type-species o f th e N o rth American genera of D iptera / / Proc. U.S. N ational Museum. Vol.37 [Publication No.1719]. P.499-647. Foote R.H, Freidberg A. 1981. The taxonom y and nom enclature o f some Palaearctic Tephritidae (D iptera) / / J. W ashington Acad. Sei. Vol.70. P.29-34. Foote R.H. 1984. 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