Systematics, evolution and historical biogeography of the family Ochnaceae with emphasis on the genus Campylospermum Pulcherie Bissiengou Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.S.M. Sosef Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Co-promotors Dr L.W. Chatrou Assistant professor, Biosystematics Group Wageningen University Dr L. Ngok Banak Assistant professor Institute de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-Gabon) Other members Prof. Dr L. Poorter, Wageningen University Prof. Dr P.C. van Welzen, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden Dr R.H.J. Erkens, Maastricht University Dr R. van Velzen, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School Production Ecology & Resource Conservation Systematics, evolution and historical biogeography of the family Ochnaceae with emphasis on the genus Campylospermum Pulcherie Bissiengou Thesis •—„‹––‡†‹ˆ—Žϐ‹Ž‡–‘ˆ–Š‡”‡“—‹”‡‡–•ˆ‘”–Š‡†‡‰”‡‡‘ˆ†‘ –‘” at Wageningen University „›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡‡ –‘”ƒ‰‹ϐ‹ —• Prof. Dr M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Friday 19 December 2014 at 4 p.m. in the Aula. Chapter 3 Taxonomic revision of the continental African species of Campylospermum Tiegh. (Ochnaceae) P. Bissiengou 1,2, L. W. Chatrou 2, L. N. Banak 3 and M. S.M. Sosef 4 1 Herbier National du Gabon (IPHAMETRA-CENAREST), B.P. 1156, Libreville, Gabon. osy group, Wage gen University, ty, PO Box 647, 47, NL-6708 -67 PB, Wageningen, geningen, The Biosystematics Wageningen Netherlands. 3 Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropical (IRET-CENAREST), B.P. 13345, Libreville, Gabon. 4 Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium. 2 Manuscript in preparation 3.1 Introduction ͵Ǥͳ 3 ’ǤͶͲ Introduction The genus Campylospermum Tiegh. comprises some 55 species occurring in the African and Asian tropics. Continental Africa harbours 48 species distributed from Senegal to Ethiopia in the North and from Angola to northern Zambia in the South. Madagascar is ‘ —’‹‡†„›•‘‡ϐ‹˜‡•’‡ ‹‡•ȋ‡””‹‡”†‡ŽƒŸ–Š‹‡ͳͻͶͳǡͳͻͷͳȌ’Ž—••‘‡—†‡• ”‹„‡† ones. Two species are found in South and South East Asia, one from India to Sri Lanka and one from Hainan and the Philippines to Indonesia. The highest species diversity is ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡‘™‡” —‹‡ƒϐŽ‘”‹•–‹ ”‡‰‹‘ǡ‹‰‡”‹ƒ–‘™‡•–‡”‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ the Congo (White 1979, 1983) where more than half of the species occur. This situation corroborates the high botanical species-richness of that region (Linder 2001; Mutke et al. 2001; Küper et al. 2004; Sosef et al. 2006; Estrella de la et al. 2012; Linder et al. 2012) which, contrastingly, remains one of the world’s most poorly studied regions (Campbell and Hammond 1989). ͵Ǥʹ ‡Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ƒ†position of Campylospermum within the family Ochnaceae Campylospermum belongs to the family Ochnaceae. Many authors who treated the family recognised different subdivisions. Candolle (1811) had a narrow family concept and recognized only three genera: Ochna L., Gomphia Schreb. and Walkera Schreb. Candolle (1824) added the genera Elvasia DC. and Castela Turpin, previously placed with doubts in Ochnaceae and Simaroubaceae respectively (Turpin 1806; Candolle 1811). His distinction between the genera was mainly based on the characteristics of –Š‡ϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒ†ˆ”—‹–•Ǥ’‡ ‹‡•–Šƒ–‘™„‡Ž‘‰–‘Campylospermum have initially been placed in Gomphia. That genus used to accomodate all Ochnaceae–Ourateeae species ™‹–Š–‡•–ƒ‡•’‡”ϐŽ‘™‡”ƒ† Ž‘•‡–‘Ochna (hence with carpels becoming free in fruit). But, Baillon (1867) found out that the older name Ouratea Aubl. was applicable ƒ† •—„•‡“—‡–Ž› ƒŽŽ •’‡ ‹‡• ‘ˆ Gomphia were transferred to Ouratea (e.g. Engler 1876). Later, some Old World genera were segregated from Ouratea, among which Campylospermum Tiegh. (Bittrich and Amaral 1994). Planchon (1846) subdivided the family into three tribes: Gomphieae, Euthemideae and Luxemburgieae. Within the genus Gomphia he recognised two sections: Eugomphia in the New World and Gomphiastrum in the Old World. Those sections were based on the morphology of the stipules being either intra-axillary and fused (Gomphiastrum) or extra-axillary and free (Eugomphia). Engler (1876) also recognised those sections and extensively studied the New World species of Ouratea which he, like Planchon, included in the section Eugomphia. Gilg (1893) in his treatment of the family, continued using the name Ouratea instead of 3.2 Delimitation and position of Campylospermum within the family Ochnaceae Gomphia following Engler (1876). He also recognized two sections, though he called these Neoouratea (New World) and Palaeoouratea (Old World), which he later on (Gilg 1925) raised to subgeneric level. The next milestone in the delimitation and subdivision of the Ochnaceae was the work of Van Tieghem (1902b, 1902c, 1902a, 1903). He mostly focussed on anatomical and additional morphological characters that had not been taken into consideration by previous authors. His subdivision of the family was based on leaf anatomical characters, –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ””ƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ϐŽ‘”ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡–•ǡ ˆ”—‹– Šƒ”ƒ –‡”• ƒ† •‡‡† morphology (mainly shape and position of the embryo and cotyledons). He divided the Ochnaceae into two subfamilies: Ochnoideae and Elvasioideae. He then subdivided the subfamily Ochnoideae into two tribes: Ourateeae and Ochneae. The tribe Ourateeae was, in turn, divided into two subtribes which he called Orthosperminae (America) and Campylosperminae (Africa, Madagascar and Asia). Those subtribes are identical with Gilg’s (1925) subgenera Neoouratea and Palaeoouratea within the genus Ouratea. Although Van Tieghem’s contribution to the understanding of the family was of great value, he introduced an exceptionally narrow concept of genera and species. He ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†ˆ‘—”‰‡‡”ƒ‹Š‹•ϐ‹”•–™‘”ȋƒ‹‡‰Š‡ͳͻͲʹ„Ȍǡ–™‘‘–Š•Žƒ–‡”–™‡–› ϐ‹˜‡ǡ ƒ† ϐ‹ƒŽŽ› ‡†‡† —’ Šƒ˜‹‰ –Š‹”–› ˆ‘—” ‰‡‡”ƒ ‹ Š‹• ͳͻͲ͹ ™‘” ȋƒ ‹‡‰Š‡ 1907). The present-day Campylospermum species were scattered across seven genera, and those of the genus Ochna for example across 15 (Callmander and Phillipson 2012). His views were followed by only few authors. Gilg (1925), although being critical about Van Tieghem’s species and genus concept, largely agreed with the major subdivisions at higher levels. Kanis (1968), accepted Engler’s main division (1874) into Exalbuminosae and Albuminosae as two distinct subfamilies named Ochnoideae and Sauvagesioideae respectively. Within the Ochnoideae Kanis recognized the tribes Ochneae and Elvasieae and divided the tribe Ochneae into the subtribes Ochninae and Ourateinae. The latter two had previously been recognized by Van Tieghem at the level of tribes. Finally, Amaral (1991) and Amaral and Bittrich (2014) agreed with the concept to ‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›—š‡„—”‰‹ƒ ‡ƒ‡‹–‘–Š‡ Šƒ ‡ƒ‡ƒ†ƒ•ƒŽ‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡ distinguished three subfamilies: the Luxemburgioideae, the Sauvagesioideae and the Ochnoideae. They followed Kanis in the subdivision of the latter subfamily into two tribes, Ochneae and Elvasieae, and the recognition of the subtribes Ochninae and Ourateinae. At present, the latter subtribe comprises four genera (see below). 3 ’ǤͶͳ 3.3 Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum ͵Ǥ͵ Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum 3 ’ǤͶʹ Š‡ϐ‹”•–•’‡ ‹‡•‘ˆCampylospermum that were discovered were described as members of the genus Gomphia (Candolle 1811, 1824; Planchon 1846; Oliver 1868). The number of species steadily rose: De Candolle (1811) mentioned three species, Planchon (1846) •‡˜‡ǡŽ‹˜‡”ȋͳͺ͸ͺȌǡ‰Ž‡”ȋͳͺ͹ͶȌ‹‡ƒ† ‹Ž‰ȋͳͺͻ͵ƒȌ‡Ž‡˜‡Ǥ—„•‡“—‡–Ž›ǡ–Š‡•‡ were transferred to the genus Ouratea subgenus Palaeoouratea section Gomphiastrum (Engler 1874; Gilg 1893a). It was notably Farron (1963, 1965; 1967; 1968, 1985) who, after the extensive splitting of Van Tieghem (see above), restructured the genus Ouratea and created the present situation with four distinct genera in the subtribe Ourateinae: Ouratea Aubl. (±200 species), Idertia Farron (1 species), Rhabdophyllum Tiegh. (8 species) and Campylospermum Tiegh. (± 55 species) (Farron 1963; Kanis 1968; Farron 1985; Sastre 1988; Sastre 2003; Sosef 2008, 2013). This subtribe is characterized „› Šƒ˜‹‰ ͳͲ •–ƒ‡• ‘ ˜‡”› •Š‘”– ϐ‹Žƒ‡–•ǡ ƒ”’‡Ž• „‡ ‘‹‰ ˆ”‡‡ ‹ ˆ”—‹– ƒ† ƒ receptacle that becomes reddish and swollen in fruit. The genus Ouratea is restricted to the New World tropics, the genus Campylospermum, Idertia, and Rhabdophyllum are ˆ‘—†‹Ž†‘”Ž†–”‘’‹ •ǡ™‹–Š–Š‡Žƒ––‡”–™‘ ‘ϐ‹‡†–‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒǤOuratea is distinct from the rest by having caducous sepals (not persistent and accrescent ones as in the other three genera) and free, extra-axillary stipules (fused and intra-axillaty in the others). Idertia shares having a straight embryo and cotyledons with Ouratea, reason why Farron (1968) considered Idertia to represents the most primitive African genus of which Rhabdophyllum and Campylospermum are derived. Rhabdophyllum ‹• •—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡–Ž› †‹•–‹ – ˆ”‘ Campylospermum mostly because of its dense, straight ƒ†’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž•‡ ‘†ƒ”›˜‡‹•ƒ†–Š‡•‡’ƒŽ•™Š‹ Š ƒ””›‘‡‘”–™‘†‘”•ƒŽϐŽƒ’•–Šƒ– interlock with the margin of the adjacent sepal in bud (Sosef 2008, 2013). There has been some confusion as to the correct generic name for the African and Asian species of Campylospermum, when they are seen as generically distinct from their New World relatives. While some authors used the name Ouratea Aubl. for all Old and New World species (Gilg 1893; De Wildeman 1920; Gilg 1925; Hutchinson et al. 1954; Robson 1963), others placed the Old World species in either a distinct genus using the name Gomphia Schreb. (Kanis 1967, 1968; Kanis 1972; Kanis 1973; Kanis 1987; Nicolson et al. 1988; Verdcourt 2005) or Campylospermum (Farron 1968, 1985; Sosef et al. 2007; Bissiengou and Sosef 2008; Bissiengou et al. 2013). These nomenclatural issues were „ƒ•‡†‘ƒ‡””‘‡‘—•Ž‡ –‘–›’‹ϐ‹ ƒ–‹‘„›ƒ‹•ǤŠ‡‹••—‡™ƒ••‘Ž˜‡†„›‹––”‹ ŠƬ Amaral (1994) rendering the name Gomphia a full synonym of Ouratea which has its type species in the New World. Campylospermum has about 55 species occurring in continental Africa, Madagascar, extending east to China and the Malesian region (Bissiengou et al. 2013). Despite of the many individual contributions, the African species of Campylospermum have not 3.3 Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum been fully revised after Gilg (1925), although notably Farron (1963, 1965, 1968, 1985), Bamps & Farron (1967), Robson (1963), Verdcourt (2005) and others published useful parts for such a revisionary work of the continental species. Farron (1968) kept some of van Tieghem’s genera as sections within Campylospermum. He based his arrangement of six sections mainly on the shape and position of embryo and cotyledons: cotyledons being either of similar size and incumbent (section Notocampylum, Diphyllopodium) or accumbent (section Campylospermum and Cercanthemum), or being dissimilar in size and incumbent (section Monelasmum) or accumbent (section Campylospermum). The more derived species of the genus Rhabdophyllum tend to have heterocotyledonous embryos while the primitive ones have isocotyledonous ones (Farron 1985). Species of Idertia have cotyledons that are similar in size, straight and accumbent. Finally, Farron’s sixth section, Bisetaria, is based upon the distinct close leaf venation and linear, free stipules of the species C. lecomtei ȋ‹‡‰ŠǤȌ ƒ””‘ǤŠ‡ϐŽ‘™‡”•„‡‹‰ˆƒ‹”Ž›—‹ˆ‘”–Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡‰‡—•ǡ•’‡ ‹‡• distinction is generally based on characteristics of the leaf shape and venation as well ƒ• –Š‡ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ •–”— –—”‡Ǥ ‡ ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’Žƒ•–‹ ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡” •‡–•ǡ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•’‡ ‹‡•ƒ”‡•‘‡–‹‡•†‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž––‘–‡ŽŽƒ’ƒ”–„›ƒ‘Ǧ•’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹•–Ǥ To evaluate Farron’s sectional arrangement, the cotyledon type was studied for each species. The results proved not to be consistent with Farron’s observations because different types of cotyledons were present within a section. For example, within the section Diphyllopodium, according to Farron characterized by accumbent cotyledons of similar size, those of C. subcordatum proved to be dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Furthermore, the species pairs C. auriculatum and C. schoenleinianum as well as C. klainei and C. mannii are morphologically highly similar but differ in cotyledon type, and would hence have to be grouped in different sections. Finally, the results of molecular work undertaken at the moment (Chapter 5) shows a phylogenetic tree with low resolution at species level. However, in the cases where species of Campylospermum are grouped, they do not follow Farron’s sectional arrangement, except for the species of section Cercanthemum, which are grouped (0.99 posterior probabilities) along with species occurring in Madagascar. The above suggests that cotyledon type is a fairly unstable character, less suitable to be used for sectional delimitation. Because of this, we conclude that Farron’s sections do not provide a natural grouping, and we decided not to retain any sectional arrangement in the current study. 3 ’ǤͶ͵ 3.4 Uses ͵ǤͶ Uses Plants of Campylospermum ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ–‡ ˜‡”› ƒ––”ƒ –‹˜‡ ‹ –Š‡ ϐ‹‡Ž†ǡ ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› †—”‹‰ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰’‡”‹‘†•ǡ™Š‹ Š‹•™Š›•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡’Žƒ–‡†ƒ•‘”ƒ‡–ƒŽ• (Burkill 1997). Being shrubs or small trees, only few are useful as timber (Burkill 1997), but a fair number have medicinal properties (Neuwinger 2000). In Liberia, the saplings of C. squamosum are used to bind the drum-head onto hollow log drums while the bark or pounded leaves are used in poultices to relieve body pain (Burkill 1997; Oyen 2012). ͵Ǥͷ Seed dispersal 3 p.44 The mericarps are green or red when immature and red to black and shiny in mature state. The black ones are often contrasting with the red sepals and receptacle and as such represent a typical syndrome suggesting dispersal is by birds (Van der Pijl 1982), although no reports of direct observations are known to us. ͵Ǥ͸ Conservation Our knowledge of the conservation status of many Campylospermum species is still limited. Some of them are known from only very few scattered collections, whereas others are known from only a very restricted area. Therefore, it was decided to add a preliminary assessment of the IUCN conservation status of each species based on the locality data of the herbarium specimens studied. ͵Ǥ͹ Materials and Methods ͵Ǥ͹Ǥͳ Taxonomy This revision is based on herbarium material either received on loan from or studied during visits to the following herbaria: A, AAU, B, BAS, BATA, BENIN, BR, BRLU, BM, BUC, C, CNSF, COI, CSRS, E, EA, EPU, FBC, FHO, FI, FR, G, GENT, GC, GH, HBG, IAGB, IEC, IFAN, IG, K, KIS, KRIBI, L, LAMTO, LD, LBV, LIB, LISU, LISC, LMA, LUA, LY, M, MA, MAKOK, MHU, ǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ ǡǡǡ ǡǡǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ ǡ ǡ  ǡ ǡ ǡ  ǡ ǡ Ǥ  ”‘›• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ Š‹‡”• ȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ  ƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ ϐ‹‡Ž† observations were made during expeditions in Gabon and Cameroon (2009–2010). In total, about 5000 herbarium specimens were studied for this revision. Furthermore, targeted searches to locate type specimens were performed using websites such as the Aluka African Plant Initiative Database (Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™ǤƒŽ—ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ ’ƒ‰‡Ȁ ‘–‡–Ȁ’Žƒ–•ǤŒ•’), the JSTOR Plant Science (Š––’ǣȀȀ’Žƒ–•ǤŒ•–‘”Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ) and the GBIF portal (Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ‰„‹ˆǤ‘”‰Ȁ). 3.7 Materials and Methods All specimen data were entered into the BRAHMS (Botanical Research and Herbarium Management System) database of the National Herbarium of the Netherlands (now part of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center). From this database specimen citation lists were generated for each taxon. ‘ƒƒŽ›•‡’ƒ––‡”•‘ˆ‘”’Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ǡ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Š‡”„ƒ”‹—–‡ Š‹“—‡•™‡”‡ applied (Vogel 1987). Taxa were treated as being distinct at species level when they ‘•‡“—‡–Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡† ‹ –™‘ ‘” ‘”‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”•Ǥ Ž‘”ƒŽ †‹‡•‹‘• ™‡”‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡† ‡‹–Š‡” ˆ”‘ Š‡”„ƒ”‹— ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ •‘ƒ‡†Ȁ„‘‹Ž‡† ‹ –ƒ’ ™ƒ–‡” ‘” †‹”‡ –Ž› ˆ”‘ ˆ”‡•Š •ƒ’Ž‡•‹–Š‡ϐ‹‡Ž†Ǥ –Š‡†‡• ”‹’–‹‘•ǡ†‹ƒ‰‘•–‹ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡‹„‘Ž†Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ the terminology used in the species description is based on (Stearn 1992) and (Harris and Harris 2001). ͵Ǥ͹Ǥʹ ‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ƒ’•ƒ†  ‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘•–ƒ–—• Locality data of all specimens was geo-referenced. To produce distribution maps for each species, BRAHMS was used in combination with ArcView 3.3 software (ESRI 2002). Only specimens with accuracy of 15 arcmin or less were used to produce the maps. To perform a preliminary assessment of the IUCN category of threat for each species, the BRAHMS software in combination with ArcView 3.3 (ESRI 2002) and the IUCN Red List add-in script developed by Moat (2007) were used. The latter calculates the AOO (area of occupancy), EOO (extent of occurrence) and number of localities for each species. The threat category of each individual species was assessed by evaluating the EOO or AOO —†‡” ”‹–‡”‹‘  ȋ  ʹͲͳ͵Ȍ ƒ† –Š‡ ϐ‹ƒŽ ’”‡Ž‹‹ƒ”› ƒ••‡••‡– ™ƒ• ’‡”ˆ‘”‡† following the IUCN guidelines (Subcommittee 2013). To estimate the AOO and EOO, an appropriate cell size was generated for each individual species. The IUCN guidelines advise to have a cell width of 2 km, but this is not deemed useful when working with herbarium records (Moat 2007). Instead we applied a sliding cell size, as advised by and ‹’Ž‡‡–‡†‹–Š‡ƒ††Ǧ‹‘ˆ‘ƒ–ȋʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡƒǮŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘ǯ™ƒ•†‡ϐ‹‡†ƒ•ƒ single grid cell. Projected continuing decline of a species either in terms of geographic range (AOO, EOO) or of subpopulation was assessed by determining the presence of –Šƒ– •’‡ ‹‡• ™‹–Š‹ ’”‘–‡ –‡† ƒ”‡ƒ• ƒ†Ȁ‘” ‹ ƒ”‡ƒ• ™‹–Š ‘™ ’”‡•‡–Ǧ†ƒ› Ž‘‰‰‹‰ activities or other relevant threats. The location of protected areas was obtained using the World Database on Protected Areas (Š––’•ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ’”‘–‡ –‡†’Žƒ‡–Ǥ‡–). ͵Ǥ͹Ǥ͵ Genus treatment Campylospermum Tiegh. J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 35-40 (Febr. 1902); Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 215 (Apr. 1902); J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 196-197 (June 1902); Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 193-296 (Dec. 1902); Farron, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse 73: 202 (1963); H.Perrier, Fl. Madag. 133 Ochnacees: 2-18 3 ’ǤͶͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods (1951); Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965); Bamps & Farron, Fl. Congo Belge, Ochnaceae: 32 (1967); Farron, Candollea 23: 177-228 (1968); Farron, Bot. Helv. 95: 59-72 (1985). – Type species: Campylospermum dybovskii Tiegh. Gomphia Schreb., Gen. Pl. ed. 8, 1: 291 (1789), pro parte (excl. the type); P.Beauv., Fl. ™ƒ”‡ʹȋͳʹȌǣʹʹǡ–Ǥ͹ʹȋͳͺͳͲȌǢ‡ƒ†‘ŽŽ‡ǡǤ——•Ǥǡ ǣ͵ͻͺȋͳͺͳͳȌǢŽƒ Š‘ǡ London J. Bot. 24: 593(1846); Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 319-322 (1868); Kanis, Taxon 16: 420 (1967); Blumea 16: 51 (1968); Rev. Fl. Ceylon 6: 251 (1988); Amaral & Bittrich, Taxon 43: 89-93 (1994); Verdc., Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 43-52 (2005). – Type species: Gomphia zeylanicaȋƒǤȌǤ‫ؠ‬Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis. 3 ’ǤͶ͸ Ouratea Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane: 397 (1775), nom. cons., pro parte (excl. the type); Engl. Ƭ”ƒ–ŽǤǡƒ–ǤϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ‡†Ǥͳǡ ǡ͸ǣ͹ͻǦͺͳȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǢ‹‡‰ŠǤǡ—ŽŽǤ—•Ǥƒ–ŽǤ ‹•–Ǥƒ–Ǥ 8: 208-218 (Jan. 1902); Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 231-275 (1904); De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B42-B71 (1920); Farron, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse 73: 196-217; Amaral & Bittrich, Taxon 43: 89-93 (1994). Type species: Ouratea guianensis Aubl. Bisetaria Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 44 (Feb. 1902). – Type species: Bisetaria lecomtei ‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum lecomtei (Tiegh.) Farron. Cercanthemum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 198 (June 1902). – Type species: Cercanthemum sacleuxii‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Farron. Notocampylum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 199 (June 1902). – Type species: Notocampylum manniiȋŽ‹˜ǤȌ‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. Diphyllopodium Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 200 (June 1902). – Type species: Diphyllopodium klainei‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum klainei (Tiegh.) Farron. Spongopyrena Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 201 (June 1902). – Type species: Spongopyrena elongataȋŽ‹˜ǤȌ‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum elongata (Oliv.) Tiegh. Monelasmum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Type species: Monelasmum reticulatumȋǤ‡ƒ—˜ǤȌ‹‡‰ŠǤ‫ؠ‬Campylospermum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron. Exomicrum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902) & Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 8: 547 (Dec. 1902). – Type species: Exomicrum glaberrimum ȋǤ‡ƒ—˜ǤȌ ‹‡‰ŠǤ ‫ؠ‬ Campylospermum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Farron. Trees, treelets or shrubs, monocaulous or with branched stem, glabrous. Stipules intrapetiolar, caducous or persistent, fused or rarely free (C. lecomtei), triangular to linear. Leaves sessile or petiolate; petiole often wrinkled; leaf blade often coriaceous, with entire to serrate margin, often decurrent onto the petiole; venation: main lateral veins well-spaced or rarely numerous and dense (C. lecomtei), slightly to strongly curved up to run subparallel to the margin or rarely straight (C. lecomtei), secondary lateral veins not reaching the margin, tertiary venation scalariform, sometimes reticulate 3.7 Materials and Methods towards the midrib or rarely reticulate, distinct to indistinct. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, generally composed of sessile to subsessile cymules arranged in racemes –Šƒ– ƒ „‡ ‹ –—” •‘Ž‹–ƒ”› ‘” „”ƒ Š‡†ǡ ”ƒ”‡Ž› ”‡†— ‡† –‘ ͳΫʹ ϐŽ‘™‡”•Ǣ pairwise scales at the base of peduncle present or absent. Flower: bracts caducous or persistent; pedicel articulated above the base, part below the articulation persistent; •‡’ƒŽ• ͷǡ “—‹ — ‹ƒŽ ‹ „—†ǡ ‰”‡‡ –‘ ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹•Š ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ persistent, accrescent and turning red in fruit; petals 5, contort, longer than the sepals, yellow or rarely whitish or orange, cuneate or rarely shortly unguiculate a base; •–ƒ‡• ͳͲ, in two ™Š‘”Ž•ǡ ˆ”‡‡ǡ ϐ‹Žƒ‡–• •–‘—–ǡ much shorter than the anthers, generally less than 1 mm long, usually persistent, anthers yellow, narrowly to very narrowly pear-shaped, transversely wrinkled, poricidal, caducous; carpels 5, fused below but eventually free in fruit, 1-ovulate; style 1, slender, gynobasic, bent outward, stigma terminal, small. Fruit: ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ƒ‹ϐŽƒ–‡†άϐŽƒ––‡‡†Ǧ‰Ž‘„‘•‡•Šƒ’‡ǡ”‡†; 1 to 5 well developed drupelets per fruit, reniform to ellipsoid or almost globose, passing through green or red to black at maturity; cotyledons incumbent or accumbent, curvedǡ‡“—ƒŽ–‘ strongly dissimilar in size. A genus of about 55 species, 48 of which are widely distributed in tropical Africa (see ƒ’ͳȌǡƒ„‘—–ϐ‹˜‡‘ —””‹‰‹ƒ†ƒ‰ƒ• ƒ”ǡƒ†ʹ•’‡ ‹‡•‹‘—–Šƒ†‘—–ŠǦƒ•–•‹ƒ from India to Sri Lanka, Hainan, and the Philippines to Indonesia. ƒ’ͳ. Distribution of the African Campylospermum ͵Ǥ͹ǤͶ 1. Key to the continental African species of Campylospermum - Monocaulous trees, hence with unbranched stem; leaves crowded at the end of the stem (collecting litter); leaf blade 17-70(-90) cm long, narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-obovate or rarely narrowly elliptic; tertiary venation 3 ’ǤͶ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods perpendicular to the main laterals 2 - Shrubs or trees with branched stem; leaves well-spaced along the twigs; leaf blade generally 4-95 cm long, (very) narrowly elliptic to (very) narrowly obovate or elliptic to obovate; tertiary venation usually perpendicular to the midrib 7 ʹǤ  3 ’ǤͶͺ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ‘”•‘‡–‹‡•™‹–Šƒ„—†Ž‡‘ˆʹǦͷ•‡••‹Ž‡”ƒ ‡‡•͵ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡—„”ƒ Š‡†ͷ ͵Ǥ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒš‹ŽŽƒ”›ǡ˜‡”›†‡•‡ƒ† ‘”›„‘•‡ǡ‘”™‹–Šƒ„—†Ž‡‘ˆʹǦͷ•‡••‹Ž‡ racemes; leaf base broadly cuneate to cordate 4 Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ –‡”‹ƒŽǡ ™‹–Š ͳǦͷ ”ƒ ‡‡• ‘ ƒ †‹•–‹ – ’‡†— Ž‡Ǣ Ž‡ƒˆ „ƒ•‡ auriculate C. amplectens ͶǤ  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ˜‡”› †‡•‡ǡ Š‹‰ŠŽ› „”ƒ Š‡† ƒ† ‘”›„‘•‡ǡ ™‹–Š ƒ› •Š‘”– racemes of up to 1.5 cm long C. duparquetianum Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–Šƒ„—†Ž‡‘ˆʹǦͷ”ƒ ‡‡•‘ˆȋ͵ǦȌͳ͵ǦʹͺȋǦ͵ͷȌ Ž‘‰ǡ•‹––‹‰‘ top of a long peduncle carrying two leafy bracts at the apex C. subcordatum ͷǤ  Ǧ ‡†— Ž‡†‹•–‹ –Ž›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡ•–”ƒ’ǦŽ‹‡ǡʹ͵Ǧ͸ͲȋǦͺ͵Ȍ Ž‘‰C. elongatum Ǧ ‡†— Ž‡ƒ‰—Žƒ”–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡͺǦʹͷȋǦ͵ʹȌ Ž‘‰͸  ͸Ǥ  7. ͺǤ  9. Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ –‡”‹ƒŽ ‘ ƒ •Š‘”– Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ –™‹‰ǡ ͵ǦͶ  Ž‘‰Ǣ ’‡†— Ž‡ ™‹–Š ʹ subopposite reduced leaves or leafy bracts at the base C. klainei Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒš‹ŽŽƒ”›ǡ™‹–Š‘—–”‡†— ‡†Ž‡ƒ˜‡•‘”Ž‡ƒˆ›„”ƒ –•C. mannii - Leaf base auriculate to cordate; leaf blade with 16-30 main lateral veins 8 - Leaf base attenuate to cuneate or slightly cordate, rarely cordate but then leaves with 30-50 main lateral veins 9 Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–Šͳ͸Ǧͳͻƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ͳʹǦͳͷȋǦͳͺȌ Ž‘‰Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ• ͹ǦͺŽ‘‰‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͻǦͳͲŽ‘‰‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ ‘–›Ž‡†‘•†‹••‹‹Žƒ”‹•‹œ‡ǡ™‹–Šƒ •ƒŽŽ‘—–‡” ‘–›Ž‡†‘ȋ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒƒ† ƒ„‘ȌC. auriculatum Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–ŠʹͲǦ͵Ͳƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ȋͳͲǦȌͳʹǦʹ͹ȋǦ͵ͻȌ Ž‘‰Ǣ •‡’ƒŽ• ͷǦ͹ Ž‘‰ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ ͸Ǧ͹  Ž‘‰ ‹ ˆ”—‹–Ǣ ‘–›Ž‡†‘• •‹‹Žƒ” ‹ •‹œ‡ (West Africa) C. schoenleinianum - Leaf margin spinose-serrate, at least in the apical half - Leaf margin entire to serrulate or serrate 10 11 10. - Leaf blade (3-)5-8(-9) cm wide, with 11-25 main lateral veins 5-25 mm apart; cotyledons dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon; stipules 4-5 mm long 3.7 Materials and Methods (West and Central Africa) ǤϔŽƒ˜— - Leaf blade (1.5-)2-3(-4.5) cm wide, with 3-12 main lateral veins 15-30(-70) mm apart; cotyledons similar in size; stipules 2-3 mm long (Tanzania, Zambia and south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. lunzuense ͳͳǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ƒš‹ŽŽƒ”›ǡ —„”ƒ Š‡†Ǣ ’‡†— Ž‡ ϐŽƒ––‡‡† ȋ•‘—–Š‡” ‡›ƒ ƒ† Tanzania) 12  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ –‡”‹ƒŽǡ „”ƒ Š‡† ‘” —„”ƒ Š‡†Ǣ ’‡†— Ž‡ ›Ž‹†”‹ ƒŽ ‘” ‘ ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†„—––Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡†‹•–‹ –Ž›„”ƒ Š‡†ͳ͵ 12. - Leaf blade (4-)6-10(-13) cm wide, with an acute to acuminate apex; peduncle (7-)9-28(-39) cm long; tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main lateral veins C. sacleuxii - Leaf blade (2-)3-5(-7) cm wide, with an obtuse to rounded apex; peduncle 3-15 cm long; tertiary venation reticulate, except for a few scalariform veinlets, perpendicular to the midrib Ǥ• Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ ͳ͵Ǥ Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡Ž‹‡ƒ”–‘˜‡”›ƒ””‘™Ž›‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ȋŽ‡‰–ŠȀ™‹†–Š”ƒ–‹‘εͺȌǡ”ƒ”‡Ž›”ƒ–‹‘ƒ• low as 4.5 but then midrib running through a gully 14  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ „Žƒ†‡ ƒ””‘™Ž› ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹  ‘” „”‘ƒ†‡” ȋŽ‡‰–ŠȀ™‹†–Š ”ƒ–‹‘ δ ͹Ȍǡ ™Š‡ ‹†”‹„ prominent on upper side, ratio always lower than 7 15 14. - Leaf blade with curved, well-spaced main lateral veins; stipules narrowly –”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ Ǥ͵Ž‘‰Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„”ƒ Š‡†C. louisii - Leaf blade with straight and closely spaced main lateral veins; stipules linear, ͷǦͳ͵Ž‘‰Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡—„”ƒ Š‡†C. lecomtei 15. - Leaf blade with 0-7 main lateral veins, up to 10(-14) x 2(-3) cm 16 - Leaf blade with (7-)9-more main lateral veins, generally longer and broader 17 16. - Leaf blade with 4-7 main lateral veins and acute apex; racemes 3-6(-9) cm long C. glomeratum - Leaf blade with 0-2(-5) main lateral veins, the very apex apiculate; racemes 1-3 cm long C. paucinervatum ͳ͹Ǥ Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡȋʹͶǦȌʹͺǦͶͷȋǦͷ͵ȌšȋͺǦȌͳͳǦͳͶȋǦͳ͹Ȍ Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͻǦͳͲ x 6-7 mm, strongly enlarged in fruit to (20-)25-30(-35) x (10-)13-20(-25) mm (southern Cameroun and northern Gabon) C. umbricola  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›•ƒŽŽ‡”Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‹ϐŽ‘™‡”—’–‘Ͷ™‹†‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–—’–‘͸ mm (tropical Africa) 18 3 p.49 3.7 Materials and Methods 18. - Leaf blade distinctly bullate - Leaf blade not or sometimes slightly bullate 19 25 19. - Stipules 14-17 mm long; leaf blade with tertiary venation indistinct on both •‹†‡•Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡—„”ƒ Š‡†ǡʹǦͶ Ž‘‰ǡ˜‡”›†‡•‡ǡ–Š‡ ›—Ž‡•ͳǦʹ apart C. longestipulatum - Stipules 2-13(-25) mm long; leaf blade with tertiary venation distinct, at least on –Š‡Ž‘™‡”•‹†‡Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„”ƒ Š‡†‘”—„”ƒ Š‡†ǡȋͳǦȌ͵Ǧ‘”‡ Ž‘‰ǡ™‹–Š ›—Ž‡•η͵ƒ’ƒ”–ʹͲ 3 ’ǤͷͲ ʹͲǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡•‡ ‡—„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ†‡•‡ǡ ›—Ž‡•‡˜‡ƒ––Š‡„ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡—’ –‘ͳͲƒ’ƒ”–Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•͹ǦͳͲšʹǦͶ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͻǦͳʹš͵Ǧ͸‹ˆ”—‹–ʹͳ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ „”ƒ Š‡† ‘” —„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ Žƒšǡ ›—Ž‡• ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– ƒ– –Š‡ „ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ͳͲǦʹͲƒ’ƒ”–ǡ”ƒ”‡Ž›‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ˆƒ‹”Ž›†‡•‡ƒ† ›—Ž‡• Ž‘•‡” –‘‰‡–Š‡”„—––Š‡•‡’ƒŽ•ͷǦ͹šͳǤͷǦʹ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ƒ†͸ǦͺšʹǦ͵‹ˆ”—‹–ʹʹ 21. - Leaf blade with distinctly prominent midrib above, 10-16 main lateral veins on either side and scalariform tertiary veins running perpendicular to the midrib C. sulcatum  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ „Žƒ†‡ ™‹–Š ‹†”‹„ ϐŽƒ– ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ ͳͶǦʹ͹ ƒ‹ Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ ˜‡‹• ‘ ‡‹–Š‡” side and scalariform tertiary veins running perpendicular to the main laterals C. gabonense subsp. australe ʹʹǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆͳǦ͵Ž‘‰”ƒ ‡‡••‹––‹‰ Ž‘•‡–‘‰‡–Š‡”–‡”‹ƒŽ‘ –Š‡–™‹‰ǢϐŽ‘™‡”•‘ƒͶǦͷŽ‘‰’‡†‹ ‡ŽǢ•‡’ƒŽ•͵ǦͶŽ‘‰‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ Ǥͷ long in fruit C. descoingsii  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ •‹‰Ž‡ǡ „”ƒ Š‡† ‘” ‘ ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ› —„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ „—– –Š‡ ’‡†‹ ‡Ž• and sepals longer 23 23. - Leaf blade with tertiary venation very distinct and prominent on both surfaces; ’ƒ‹”™‹•‡• ƒŽ‡•ƒ–„ƒ•‡‘ˆ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ„•‡–C. excavatum - Leaf blade with tertiary venation indistinct to distinct but never prominent; ’ƒ‹”™‹•‡• ƒŽ‡•ƒ–„ƒ•‡‘ˆ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡’‡”•‹•–‡–ʹͶ ʹͶǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–ŠʹǦ͹”ƒ ‡‡•ǢŽ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–Š–‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡ƒ–‹‘‹†‹•–‹ –ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ fairly distinct below; pedicels articulated at 2-4 mm from the base; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size C. calanthum  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–ŠͲǦ͵”ƒ ‡‡•ǢŽ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–Š–‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡ƒ–‹‘†‹•–‹ –‘„‘–Š surfaces; pedicels articulated at 1-2 mm from the base; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size C. claessensii 3.7 Materials and Methods 25. - Leaf blade with rounded to cordate base; each pedicel supported by c. 3 tiny bracts C. oliveri - Leaf blade with attenuate to cuneate base, rarely rounded but then each pedicel supported by only 1 tiny bract 26 26. - Leaf glaucous (greyish) above when dry; plants either with a pendulous ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡‘”™‹–Šƒ ‘„‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’ƒ’›”ƒ ‡‘—•Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ǡƒ•Š‘”–ȋ—’–‘ͶȋǦ͸Ȍ Ȍƒ††‡•‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ†•–‹’—Ž‡•‘ˆ͵ǦͶŽ‘‰ʹ͹  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ‘–‰Žƒ— ‘—•ƒ„‘˜‡™Š‡†”›Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡‡”‡ ––‘‡”‡ –‘Ǧ’ƒ–‡–ʹͺ ʹ͹Ǥ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡’‡†—Ž‘—•ǡŽƒšǡȋͻǦȌͳͷǦ͵͵ Ž‘‰ C. glaucifolium  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡‡”‡ ––‘‡”‡ –‘Ǧ’ƒ–‡–ǡ†‡•‡ǡȋͳǦȌʹǦͶȋǦ͸Ȍ Ž‘‰C. glaucum ʹͺǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡—„”ƒ Š‡†‘””ƒ”‡Ž›™‹–ŠͳǦʹ•Š‘”–ǡ—’–‘Ͷ Ž‘‰ǡ”ƒ ‡‡•ƒ– the base, dense 29  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ”ƒ ‡‡•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›Ž‘‰‡”–ŠƒͶ ǡŽƒš͵͵ 29. - Leaf blade slightly bullate (main lateral veins in a shallow depression) 30  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡ϐŽƒ–͵ʹ ͵ͲǤ Ǧ ‡ƒˆ „Žƒ†‡ ™‹–Š –‡”–‹ƒ”› ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘•‹•–‹‰ ‘ˆ Ž‘•‡Ž› •’ƒ ‡† ƒ† ϐ‹‡ parallel veinlets; pedicels articulating at the very base; cotyledons similar in size C. congestum - Leaf blade with tertiary venation with more widely spaced parallel veinlets; ’‡†‹ ‡Ž•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ηʹˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ ‘–›Ž‡†‘•†‹••‹‹Žƒ”‹ size 31 31. - Leaf blade (6-)9-17(-21) x (2-)3-6(-7) cm, with tertiary scalariform veinlets running perpendicular to the midrib, 10-16 main lateral veins on either side; pedicels articulating at 2-3 mm from the base C. sulcatum - Leaf blade 16-30(-35) x 6-10(-11) cm, with tertiary scalariform veinlets running perpendicular to the main laterals, 14-27 main lateral veins on either side; pedicels articulating at 3-9 mm from the base C. gabonense subsp. australe 32. - Leaf blade (5-)7-14 x (1.5-)2-4 cm, with 10-14 main lateral veins on either side; pedicels articulating at 1-2 mm from the base C. cabrae - Leaf blade 16-30(-35) x 6-10(-11) cm, with 14-27 main lateral veins on either side; pedicels articulating at 3-9 mm from the base C. gabonense subsp. gabonense 33. - Leaf blade with main lateral veins indistinct to at most slightly prominent above, tertiary venation indistinct above 34 3 ’Ǥͷͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods - Leaf blade with main lateral veins prominent above, tertiary venation distinct above 36 34. - Leaf blade (3-)5-16 x (1.5-)2-6 cm; twigs with pale brownish bark C. glaberrimum - Leaf blade (11-)16-32(-40) x (3-)5-9(-12) cm; twigs with dark coloured bark 35 ͵ͷǤ Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–Šƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•‘–‘”•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡–„‡Ž‘™Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ with ascending racemes Ǥ†‡•‹ϔŽ‘”—  Ǧ ‡ƒˆ„Žƒ†‡™‹–Šƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•’”‘‹‡–„‡Ž‘™Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–ŠŠ‘”‹œ‘–ƒŽ racemes C. dybowski 3 ’Ǥͷʹ 36. - Petiole (5-)10-20(-25) mm long; leaf blade decurrent onto the petiole or leaf margin thickened and recurved 37 - Petiole (0-)2-7(-10) mm long; leaf blade not decurrent onto the petiole and leaf margin not thickened and recurved 38 37. - Leaf blade not decurrent onto the petiole, margin thickened and recurved; racemes erecto-patent to horizontal, (2-)5-9(-14) cm long C. laeve - Leaf blade decurrent onto the petiole, margin not thickened nor recurved; racemes horizontal, (3-)8-23(-40) cm long C. engama 38 - Leaf margin sharply serrate - Leaf margin entire to serrulate 39 40 39. - Leaf blade coriaceous, with 9-12 main lateral veins on either side C. andongense - Leaf blade papyraceous, with 12-17 main lateral veins on either side C. bukobensis 40. - Leaf blade dark brown when dry, with blunt to rounded apex, tertiary venation distinctly reticulate throughout the leaf C. lutambense - Leaf blade greenish to reddish brown when dry, with acute to acuminate apex, tertiary venation scalariform at least in the marginal zone 41 41. - Pedicels articulated at (4-)6-10 mm from the base; racemes slender and wiry C. nutans - Pedicel articulated at 1-6 mm from the base; racemes fairly stout 42 ͶʹǤ Ǧ ƒ ‡‡• „”ƒ Š‡†ǡ ‰‹˜‹‰ –Š‡ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ƒ ‘”›„‘•‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡Ǣ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ͶǦͺȋǦͳʹȌ Ž‘‰C. occidentale  Ǧ ƒ ‡‡•—„”ƒ Š‡†Ǣ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ȋ͵ǦȌͷǦ‘”‡ Ž‘‰Ͷ͵ Ͷ͵Ǥ Ǧ ‡†— Ž‡ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ͶͶ - Peduncle cylindrical 45 3.7 Materials and Methods ͶͶǤ Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„‘”‘ƒ˜‡”›”‘„—•–ϐŽƒ––‡‡†–™‹‰Ǣ’‡†‹ ‡Ž•͵Ǧ͹Ž‘‰ǡ•–‘—–ǡ articulated at 1-2 mm from the base C. costatum  Ǧ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„‘”‘ƒ•Ž‡†‡”–™‹‰Ǣ’‡†‹ ‡Ž•͸Ǧͳ͵Ž‘‰ǡƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–͵Ǧ͹ mm from the base C. vogelii 45. - Upper leaf surface set with tiny bumps in between the tertiary veinlets (strong lens!), giving the surface a ‘rough’ appearance ǤŽƒš‹ϔŽ‘”— - Upper leaf surface smooth in between the tertiary veinlets 46 46. - Racemes with several bracts at the top; drupelets ellipsoid-oblong, 8-14 mm long C. plicatum - Racemes without apical bracts; drupelets reniform or subglobose to ellipsoid, 5-9 mm long 47 3 ’Ǥͷ͵ 47. - Leaf blade tertiary venation with a pattern of very closely spaced veinlets running parallel to the scalariform veins; cotyledons similar in size C. warneckei - Leaf blade tertiary venation without such veinlets; cotyledons dissimilar in size 48 48. - Pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and bracts below each cymule persistent; leaf blade with tertiary venation on lower surface more or less unicolourous with the leaf mass; racemes held ± horizontall y C. squamosum - Pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and bracts below each cymule caducous; leaf blade with tertiary venation on lower surface markedly darker than the leaf mass; racemes erecteo-patent C. reticulatum Campylospermum amplectens (Stapf) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965). – Gomphia amplectens Stapf, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 87 (1905). – Ouratea amplectensȋ–ƒ’ˆȌ‰ŽǤǡϐŽƒœ‡™Ǥˆ”Ǥ͵ǡʹǣͶͺͺȋͳͻʹͳȌǤ – Type: A. Whyte s.n. (holotype: K!), Liberia, Montserrado, Kakata, within 20 miles of Kakatown, 1904. Tree —’ –‘ ͳʹ  –ƒŽŽ, monocaulous; stem with brownish coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–10 mm long; leaf blade narrowly obovate to narrowly spathulate, ͳ͹–͵ͺ × 4–9 cm, ratio ͵ǤʹȂͶȋȂͶǤ͵Ȍǡ base auriculate, apex acute, coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate, upper side dull green, lower side ‰Ž‘••› ’ƒŽ‡” ‰”‡‡Ǣ ‹†”‹„ •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› ϐŽƒ––‡‡† ‘ —’’‡” •‹†‡ǡ ’”‘‹‡– ‘ –Š‡ Ž‘™‡”ǡ main lateral veins ʹͲȂ͵Ͳ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͳͲȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on the upper leaf surface, more or less at a right angle with midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins less prominent on both sides, ͳ–‘ʹ in 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͷͶ between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main lateral veins, indistinct on upper side, distinct on the lower one. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, dense, its main axis ͵Ȃͳ͵ȋȂͳͻȌ Ž‘‰, robust, round in cross section; racemes ͳȂͷǡ͵Ȃ͸ȋȂͻȌ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales caducous; bracts caducous, triangular, c. 2–3 mm long; cymules 5–7(–15) mm apart, ͳȂͺȋȂͳ͸ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flowerǣ’‡†‹ ‡Ž͹ȂʹͲǡƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–͵Ȃͷˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‘„Ž‘‰ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡” 5–6 × 3–4 mm, in fruit 10–15 × 5–6 mm and enclosing the drupelets, base truncate, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 9–13 × 5 mm, shortly clawed at base, truncate and slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 6–7 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm long; style slender, 6–8 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 3 mm thick; drupelets: 1 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, c. 7 × 5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species is closely related to C. mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. and C. klainei (Tiegh.) ƒ””‘Ǥ –†‹ˆˆ‡”•„›Šƒ˜‹‰ƒ„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡‘–Š‡”–™‘•’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ˜‡ƒ unbranched one. It is also distinguished by its distinctly auriculate leaf base (resp. cordate to auriculate and cordate in C. mannii and C. klainei). Both C.mannii and C. klainei have ƒ‰—Žƒ”–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†’‡†— Ž‡™Š‹Ž‡C. amplectens has a rounded one. The tertiary venation is distinct on both sides in C.mannii and C. klainei whereas it is indistinct on the upper side in C. amplectens. Still, knowing that habitat destruction in western Africa has been severe, a more detailed assessment is desirable. Distribution: West Africa, from Sierra Leone to Ghana (ƒ’ʹ). Ecology: in high, closed, evergreen, primary or secondary rain forest, also in forest along streams; at 20-350 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘‡’–‡„‡”–‘ƒ” Šƒ†ƒ–—”‡ˆ”—‹–•ˆ”‘ –‘„‡” to March. Usesǣ Š‡ ™‘‘† ‹• ϐŽ‡š‹„Ž‡ ƒ† •’Ž‹–‡”•Ǥ  ‹„‡”‹ƒǡ –Š‡ ϐ‹‡ ™‘‘† •’Ž‹–• ƒ”‡ –‹‡† together to make brooms (Burkill 1997). IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹˜ȌǤ αͳͺͶǡͶ͸ͺ 2ǡ αͳ͸ͷǡͳ͹ʹ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹͻǡ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͳͲͻ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ˆƒ‹”Ž› ‘‘Ǣ ‹–• ‘•– ”‡ ‡– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘‹•ˆ”‘ʹͲͳʹǤŠ‡—„‡”‘ˆŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•‹••—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡––‘ƒ••‹‰–Š‹••’‡ ‹‡•–‘ the category of Least Concern. Specimens examined: , Western Regionǣ„‹ƒ„‘ǡš‹†‹•–”ǤͷιͲʹǯǡʹιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVigne FH 1429 (FHO); Simpa. 5°06’N, 2°06’W. Alt: 200m, February 1933 (fr), Vigne FH 2796 (FHO); Benso. 5°09’N, 1°54’W, December 1950 (fr), Andoh FH 5405 (K); Ankasa Forest Reserve. 5°18’N, 2°36’W, 8 January 1967 (fr), Enti GC 36304 (K). IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Forêt Classée de la Yaya., 80m, 5°40’N, 3°34’W. Alt: 80m, 27 November 1997 (fr), Jongkind 4092 (MO,WAG); Aboisso: Km 5 Ayamè - Abengourou Road. 5°38’N, 3°07’W, 7 November 1968 ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 5934 (WAG); ƒƒ±ǣ‹ƒ’Ž‡—Ǥ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡͺιͳ͵ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡNozeran s.n. (P); Guiglo: ƒ‹ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ”Ǣ •ƒ’Ž‡ ’Ž‘–• Dz‘‘ ͹dz „‡–™‡‡ ‘‘ ‹˜‡” ƒ† ƒƒ ‹˜‡”Ǥ ƒ•– ’‹ ‡– ͳͺͶ ”ǤǤ ͷιʹͺǯǡ 7°10’W, 23 January 1990 (st), Albers, P. 40 ȋǡ ȌǢ ƒ‹ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ”Ǣ •ƒ’Ž‡ ’Ž‘–• Dz‘‘ ͹dz „‡–™‡‡ Bono River and Hana River. Picet 185 r.Z. 5°28’N, 7°10’W, 23 January 1990 (st), Albers, P. 42 (WAG); San- ͳ ʹ A 3.7 Materials and Methods ‹‰—”‡ͳǤ Campylospermum amplectens. A. Petal. ͳ. Flowering branch. ʹ. Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum amplectensȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum andongensis ( ) 3 ’Ǥͷͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͷ͸ ±†”‘ǣˆ”‘ƒ„‘—͵Ͳ–‘±”±„›ǡƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†ǤͶι͵Ͷǯǡ͹ιͳͲǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 2363 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Forêt Classée Monogaga, just north of Sassandra - San Pedro road., 4°51.9’N, 6°26.8’W, 24 March 2000 (st), Jongkind 4718 (WAG); Sassandra: c. 18 km S of Guéyo (between Gagnoa and Sassandra). 5°34’N, 6°01’W, 8 December 1961 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3351 (B,K,WAG); ‘—„”±: Soubré, Parc National de Taï. 5°50’N, 7°00’W, 24 January 1975 (fr), Aké Assi 12651 (G). LIBERIA, Gbarpoluǣ’‡ŽŽ‡ ‘”‡•–Ǥ‘”–Š‘ˆ ƒ‹’ƒǤ͹ιʹʹǤͲǯǡͳͲιʹͲǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 10119 (BR,COI,FHO,FR,HUJ,K,MA,MO,WAG); Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.4’N, 9°23.0’W. Alt: 60m, 6 December 2002 (fr), Jongkind 5628 (BR,WAG); Grand Cape Mount: north of Lake Piso. 6°48.17’N, 11°17.27’W. Alt: 20m, 21 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6043 (WAG); Lofa: Kpelle National Forest, 58 miles E of Bopolu. 7°40’N, 10°05’W, 18 January 1978 (st), Gier, A. de 204 (MO,WAG); Gola Forest., 7°27.1’N, 10°41.5’W, 28 November 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6939 (BR,G,WAG); ‡•–‡””‘˜‹ ‡ǡ‘’‘”‘‹•–”‹ –ǡƒ™ƒ–ƒǤ͹ιͳͺǯǡͳͲιͳ͹ǯǡͳͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr, J.T. 10304 (K); Montserradoǣ‹–Š‹ʹͲ‹Ž‡•‘ˆƒƒ–‘™Ǥ͸ι͵ʹǯǡͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K); Dukwia River, ‘”‘˜‹ƒǡ ‡ƒ” ‹”‡•–‘‡ Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ͸ιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͲιʹʹǯǡ ʹ͸  –‘„‡” ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cooper, G.P. 84 (BM,K,US); ‘”‘˜‹ƒǡ—™‹ƒ‹˜‡”Ǥ͸ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͲιʹʹǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡCooper, G.P. 155 (A,BM,FHO,GH,K US); Bomi ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ ‘Žƒ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‡•–Ǥ ͸ιͷ͸ǯǡ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳ͸  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 197 (WAG); Firestone Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹˜‹•‹‘͵͵Ǥ͸ιͳͻǯǡͳͲιʹͳǯǡʹͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele, F.S.C. 237 (LIB,MO,WAG); Firestone Plantation, Division 33. S of Kakata. 6°29’N, 10°22’W, 3 January 1971 (fr), Stoop - v.d. Kasteele, F.S.C. 304 (MO,WAG); ‹„ƒǣ „‹ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‡•–ǡ‘—–Š‡”ƒ”–Ǥ͸ιͳͺǯǡͺιͷʹǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡVoorhoeve 545 (WAG); Siatown. 6°18’N, 9°41’W, 10 December 1958 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 16326 (P); Sino: South of Sayon Town., ͹Ͳǡͷιʹ͹ǤͳǯǡͻιͳͲǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͹Ͳǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9983 (WAG).  , Eastern Provinceǣ‘‰ƒ™ƒǡƒ„™‹ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ι͵ͺǯǡͳͳιʹͶǯǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡ Jordan, H.D. 2017 (B,K); Southern Province: Gola Forest Reserve, Pujehun District, makpete Chiefdom, 1 mile ‘ˆͳͻ͸ͶŠ‘‹•–•‹–‡Ǥ͹ιͳͻǯǡͳͳιͳͺǯǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡFox, J.E.D. 20 (K); Gola Forest Reserve, BIII. 7°16’N, ͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳͻƒ” ŠͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡSmall, D. 555 (K). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), (Hawthorne and Jongkind 2006), (Hutchinson et al. 1954) and (Poorter 2004). Campylospermum andongense (Hiern) Biss. Campylospermum andongensis (Hiern) Biss., Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Ouratea reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. andongensis Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1: 122 (1896). – Monelasmum andongensis (Hiern) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (1902).– Ouratea andongensis (Hiern) Exell, J. Bot. 65: 58 (1927). – Type: Welwitsch 4604 (holotype: LISU!; isotype: BM!, C!, COI!, G!, K!) Angola, Pungo Andongo, 1857. Tree —’–‘͹–ƒŽŽ, with branched trunk; twigs with dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade ovate-oblong or narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂʹͳ έ ȋͳǤͷȂȌ͵Ȃ͸ cm, ratio ȋͳǤͺȂȌʹǤ͸Ȃ͵Ǥ͹ͷȋ– ͶǤ͵ͷȌǡbase cuneate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, chartaceous to coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrate, teeth with a dark tip, upper side dark green, lower side light green; venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ͻȂͳʹ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͷȂʹͲ mm apart, more or less at right angle with midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, prominent above, not prominent but distinct below, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, less prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis ͵ȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌ Ž‘‰; racemes ȋͲȂȌͳȂ͵ȋȂͷȌǡȋͳȂȌ͵ȂͳͲȋȂͳ͵Ȍ  long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle caducous; bracts caducous; cymules 5–15 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel 7–15 mm, articulated at 1–4 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡–‘ƒ””‘™Ž›‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ Ǧ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹ȂͺέʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͺȂͻέʹȂ͵Ǥͷǡ not enveloping the drupelets, base truncate, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 8–10 x 5Ȃ8 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apexǢ•–ƒ‡•ǣϐ‹Žƒ‡–•Ž‡••–ŠƒͳŽ‘‰ǡƒ–Š‡”•ͷȂ͸ mm long; ovary c. 2 mm large; style slender, 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 5 mm thick; drupelets: 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to almost globose, (6Ȃ)8Ȃ9 × (4Ȃ)5Ȃ6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: This species is similar to C. reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron. However, it has a more coarsely serrate leaf margin with teeth having a dark tip and petals rounded at the apex, whereas C. reticulatum has a serrulate margin with unicolourous teeth and petals with an emarginate apex. Distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga), northern Angola, northwestern Zambia (Map ʹ). Ecology: in evergreen, riparian forests; at 700Ȃ1500 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘„•‡”˜‡† ˆ”‘ ‡’–‡„‡” –‘ ƒ—ƒ”› ƒ† ˆ”—‹–• ‹  –‘„‡”ǡ December and February. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹ǡ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ȌǤ αʹ͸ͺǡ͵ͷͶ 2ǡ α͹ͺǡʹͶͲ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹʹǡ•—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•α͵ǡȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳͳͶȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•†‹•–”‹„—–‡†ƒ ”‘•• 3 subpopulations with the main one occurring in the Lavushi Manda National Park in Zambia. It is fairly well represented in herbaria, and therefore the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined:  , —ƒœƒ‘”–‡: 9°20’ S, 15°00’ E, (st), Gossweiler 632 (BM,K,P); (fr), Gossweiler 763 (K,P); Lunda ‘”–‡ǣ —ƒ Š‹ƒǤ ‡ –‘” ϐ‹–‘ ‘”‘Ž×‰‹ ‘ †ƒ• ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ­Ù‡• †ƒ Ǯǯ‘’ƒŠ‹ƒ †‡ ‹ƒƒ–‡• †‡ ‰‘ŽƒǯǯǯǤ —†‘Ǥ ͹ιʹʹǯǡ ʹͲιͶͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͷͲǡ ͳ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͶ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gossweiler 13570 (B,BM,US); Dundo, Luachimo. 7°24’S, 20°50’E. Alt: 700m, 27 October 1946 (fr), Gossweiler 13780 (BM,K); MalanjeǣƒŽƒ‰‡ǣ’”ך‹‘†ƒ‡•–”ƒ†ƒ Quale a 23 km de Santa Maria., 1100m, 9°32’S, 16°20’E. Alt: 1100m, 20 December 1970 (fr), Raimundo, F. 570 ȋ ǡȌǢ—‰‘ǡ†‘‰‘ǤͻιͶͲǯǡͳͷι͵ͷǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWelwitsch, F.M.J. 4604 (BM,C,COI,G,K,LISU).  ȋ  Ȍ, Katanga (Shaba): A proximité de Kolwezi. 10°46’S, 25°19’E. Alt: 1425m, 4 September ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡSchaijes 2375 (BR); 30 km au SW de Kolwezi. 10°50’S, 25°14’E. Alt: 1425m, 18 January 1986 (fr), Bamps 8141 (BR); Congo, katanga Province, 14 mls N.N.W. of Kalene Mission on border. 11°00’S, 24°08’E. Alt: ͳʹͻͲǡͳͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 17158 (K). ZAMBIA, ‘”–ŠǦ‡•–‡”: Nkunyi Protected Forest Area; 9.04 km from Lwawu-Mwinilunga Junction. On Kabompo-Mwinilunga Road (D286). 11°48’S, 24°21’E. Alt: 1410m, 23 February 1995 (fr), Luwiika, B. 87 ȋ ȌǢͶŽ•Ǥ‘ˆƒŽ‡‡Š‹ŽŽ‹••‹‘ǤͳͳιͳͲǯǡʹͶιͳʹǯǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡAngus510 (FHO,K,WAG); ƒ„‡•‹ǡ ǤͶŽ•Ǥ‘ˆƒŽ‡‡Š‹ŽŽǦ‹••‹‘Ǥǡ ǤͳͳιͳͲǯǡʹͶιͳʹǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡAngus 532 (FHO); Ikelenge, Hillwood farm S. 11°14’S, 24°20’E. Alt: 1450m, 21 May 1999 (st), Congdon, T.C.E. 559 (K); near ‹Ž‡ ’‘•– ͳ͸ ‘ ƒŽ‡‡ Š‹ŽŽǦ™‹‹Ž—‰ƒ ”‘ƒ†Ǥǡ Ǥ ͳͳιͲͺǯǡ ʹͶιͳ͵ǯǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͷʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Holmes, W.D.H. 975ȋ ǡȌǢƒ–‘ Š‹ ƒ”Ǥǡͳͳι͵ͻǯǡʹͶιͲ͵ǯǡ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡMilne-Redhead 1042 (K); , 12°00’S, ʹͶι͵ͷǯǡʹͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡHolmes, W.D.H. 1292 (K); Ikelenge district; Zambezi source National heritage site; 18.0 km S of Ikelenge then 4.8 km E on access road from Ikelenge-Mwinilunga Rd. 11°22.0’ S, 24°18.4’ E. Alt: 1500m, 26 February 1995 (fr), Harder 2786 (BR,WAG); By R. luao between R. Matonchi and R.Kaoomba., Ǥͳͳι͵ͻǯǡʹͶιͲ͹ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡMilne-Redhead 3051 (BR,K); near Zambia River, 4 miles N of Kalene Hill ‹••‹‘Ǥǡ ǤͳͳιͲ͸ǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡWhite, F. 3339 (BM,BR,FHO,K,WAG); river, Mwinilunga. ͳͳιͶͶǯǡʹͶιʹͶǯǡͳͻƒ›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡMutimushi 3371 (B); Mwinilunga. 11°06’S, 24°11’E, 27 September 1952 ȋϐŽȌǡWhite, F. 3392ȋ ȌǢͶ‹Ž‡•Ǥ‘ˆ™‹‹Ž—‰ƒǤǡ ǤͳͳιͶ͹ǯǡʹͶιʹͶǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡMilne-Redhead 3 ’Ǥͷ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3506 (BM,BR,K); 6 km N of Kalene Hill., c. 11°07’S, 24°12’E, 12 December 1963 (fr), Robinson, E.A. 5965 (K); •‘—” ‡‘ˆƒ„‡œ‹‹˜‡”Ǥͳͳιʹ͵ǯǡʹͶιʹͲǯǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡRobinson, E.A. 6132 (K); Lisombo R., 16 km ǤǤ‘ˆŽ‡‡ ‹ŽŽ‹••‹‘ǤͳͳιͳͺǯǡʹͶιͲʹǯǡͳͳ —‡ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡDrummond, R.B. 8283 (B,BR,FHO,K); Source of the Zambesia. 11°23’ S, 24°20’E. Alt: 1450m, 21 January 1975 (fr), Brummitt 13917 (BR,K). Key literatureǣš‡ŽŽƬ‡†‘­ƒȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ ƒ””‘ȋͳͻ͸ͷȌƒ†‘„•‘ȋͳͻ͸͵ȌǤ Campylospermum auriculatum Biss. Blumea 58: 2 (2013). – Type: Strijk 73 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!), Gabon, WoleuNtem, Bordamur concession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, 1°14’N, 11°53’E, October 10th, 2002. 3 ’Ǥͷͺ Treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with pale brown coloured bark. Stipules caducous, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–2 mm long; leaf blade elliptic-obovate to oblanceolate, ȋͻȂȌͳͶȂʹͶȋȂ͵ͳȌšȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͺȋȂͳͳȌ ǡ”ƒ–‹‘ʹȂͶȋȂͷȌ, base auriculate to deeply cordate, often clasping the twig, apex acute, coriaceous to thick leathery, not bullate, margin serrate, upper surface glossy green, lower surface dull paler green; ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–„‡Ž‘™ǡƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ͳ͸Ȃͳͻ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡͳͲȂ 20 mm apart, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins prominent on both sides, 0 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, fairly dense, its main axis 12–15(–18) cm long, ϐŽƒ––‡‡†; racemes 1–6, 3–9(– 11) cm long; pairwise scales absent; bracts persistent at the base of the raceme and ’‡†‹ ‡Žǡ–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ Ǥ͵ȂͷŽ‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡•ͷȂͻƒ’ƒ”–ǡʹȂͶȋȂ͸ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: ’‡†‹ ‡ŽͷȂ͹Ž‘‰ǡƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ʹȂ͵ˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ͷǡ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹Ȃͺ x 2–3 mm, yellowish green, in fruit 9–10 x 3–4 mm, bright red; petals 5, obovate, 7–12 x 3–4 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex, bright yellow; stamens: anthers 3–4 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 5 mm wide, orangered; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, reniform, c. 8 x 5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Note: Especially the auriculate to deeply cordate leaf base is highly reminiscent of C. schoenleinianumȋŽ‘–œ• ŠȌ ƒ””‘ǡƒ•’‡ ‹‡• ‘ϐ‹‡†–‘™‡•–‡”–”‘’‹ ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒȋˆ”‘ Guinea to Ghana). Distributionǣ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒȋ‹‘—‹Ȍƒ† ƒ„‘ȋ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡’”‘˜‹ ‡ȌȋMap ͵). Ecology: in primary or secondary forest; on brown clay soil; at 475–600 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒ†ƒ–—”‡ˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ –‘„‡”–‘‘˜‡„‡”ǡϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒŽ•‘ observed in April, which coincides with the two rainy seasons. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ α͸ǡͲͻͺ 2ǡ αͳǡ͸ͷ͵ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͳ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͳͷǤ͵͸ ȌǤ ŽŽ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž› ”‡ ‡– ‘”‹‰‹ ȋ–Š‡‘Ž†‡•–‘‡‹•ˆ”‘ͳͻͺ͵ȌǤŠ‡‘Ž› ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒ‹•ˆ”‘™‹–Š‹ a protected area (Inselberg at Akuom). The other ten collections from Gabon are from a fairly restricted area where logging companies operate which is supposed to lead to a †‡ Ž‹‡‹–Š‡ƒ†Ȁ‘”‡š–‡–‘ˆ•—‹–ƒ„Ž‡Šƒ„‹–ƒ–ƒ†Š‡ ‡–Š‡Ǯ—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡ǯ ƒ–‡‰‘”› has been assigned. 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͷͻ ƒ’͵. Distribution of Campylospermum auriculatumȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum bukobense ( ) Specimens examined:    , ‹‘ —‹ǡ ‡Ž‡ œƒ•: Inselberg d’Akuom, à 1h30 demarche (6 km) du village de Nzuameyong, à 25 km d’Anisoc. 1°50’N, 10°55’E. Alt: 600m, 13 June 1999 (st), Parmentier 358 (BRLU). , ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Bordamur consession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, at logging road ‘•–”— –‹‘•‹–‡ǤͳιͳͶǯǡͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͹ͲǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡStrijk 73 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Oveng, 65 km N. of road Benguié - Lalara, forest exploitation camp., 500m, 0°42’N, 11°23’E. Alt: 500m, 5 November ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 377 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͺ   ‘ˆ ‹–œ‹ ǡ  ˆ‘”‡•– ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͻǯǡ 11°32.0’E. Alt: 547m, 6 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 667ȋǡ ȌǢͺ֍‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ  ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤͲιͶʹǤͷǯǡͳͳι͵ͳǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͳǡ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 707 LBV,WAG); 13 km SE ‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’–‘ƒ†‘—ƒƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶʹǤͶǯǡ ͳͳι͵ͺǤʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͺͲǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 714 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͳ͵   ‘ˆ ‹–œ‹ ǡ  ˆ‘”‡•– ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ”‘ƒ† ˆ”‘  ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’ –‘ ƒ†‘—ƒƒ ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͳǯǡ ͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ 490m, 7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 730 (LBV,WAG); 35 km NNE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation, 2 km from Bordamur forestry camp. 1°02.8’N, 11°43.3’E. Alt: 545m, 8 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 769 (LBV,WAG); Inventory Oveng; primary rain forest, ca 25 km WSW of Mintsic., 0°44’N, ͳͳιʹʹǯǡ ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Reitsma, J.M. 2493 (WAG); About 30-40 km NE of Saint Germain, E. of ƒ‘‹˜‡”ǤͲιͶͲǯǡͳͳιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹ͷǡͳͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 8797 (LBV,WAG); RN 2, S of Mitzic, Ǧ ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡ‡ƒ”ƒ” ž‘‹•ǤͲιͶʹǤͺǯǡͳͳι͵ͺǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲ͵ǡ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10052 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). Campylospermum bukobense (Gilg) Farron Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 393 (1965). – Monelasmum bukobense (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea bukobensis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 271 (1904). – Syntypes: Stuhlmann 978, 1023, 1073, 1467, 1521, 3212, 3721, 3990, 3991, 4063 (B, none located and probably all destroyed) Tanzania, Bukoba. – Neotype (designated here): Conrads 447 (holotype: B!; isotype: BR!, EA!, FHO!, K!) Tanzania, 3.7 Materials and Methods Marienhof Ukerewe, November 21st, 1911. Ouratea ϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒ De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B51 (1920). – Gomphia ϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒ (De Wild.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 92 (1998) (non ‘’Š‹ƒϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒA.St.-Hil., 1825). – Type: Pynaert 522 (holotype: BR(3x)!; isotype: K!, Z!), Congo, Eala, October 5th, 1906. Ouratea likimiensis De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B59 (1920). – Gomphia likimiensis (De Wild.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Afr., Ochnaceae: 46 (2005). – Type: Malchair 271 (holotye: BR!; isotype: BR!), environ de Likimi, June 10th, 1910. 3 ’Ǥ͸Ͳ Tree up to 10 m tall, bole up to 30 cm dbh, with branched trunk; twigs with pale coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 1–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 1–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, ȋ͸ȂȌͺȂͳͺȋȂʹͳȌ š ȋͳȂȌͳǤͷȂͷǤͷ , ”ƒ–‹‘ ͵Ȃͷ, base cuneate, apex acute, papyraceous, not bullate, upper surface glossy, lower surface dull green, margin regularly serrate to serrulate, the teeth with a dark tip; midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins ͳʹȂͳ͹ on either side, 5–15 mm apart, prominent above and below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–2(–5) in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, joined by cross veinlets, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, fairly lax to fairly dense, its main axis (2–)4–16(–20) cm long; racemes 2–7, ȋͳȂȌ͵Ȃͳʹ  Ž‘‰ǡ ƒ• ‡†ƒ–ǡ ›—Ž‡• ʹȂͳͷ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ʹȂ͹ȋȂͳͳȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡Ž ͺȂͳ͹ȋȂʹͲȌ ǡ ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ƒ– ͳȂ͸  ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡Ǣ •‡’ƒŽ• ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡” ͸Ȃ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͺȂͻšʹȂ͵ǡ„‡ ‘‹‰ ‘”‹ƒ ‡‘—•ǡϐ‹”•–•’”‡ƒ†‹‰–Š‡ —”˜‡† up; petals obovate, 5–9 x 4–6 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 3–5 mm long; ovary 1 x 1 mm; style 4–6 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ǤͳŽ‘‰‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͷ x 5 mm in fruit; drupelets 2–4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–10 x 5–7 mm; embryo incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: The syntype specimens of O. bukobensis, all Stuhlmann collections, are ‹••‹‰Ǥ ƒ› ”‡“—‡•–• ™‡”‡ •‡– ‘—– –‘ Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ Ž‘ ƒ–‡ †—’Ž‹ ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ those specimens. Unfortunately these could not be traced. A Neotype, Conrads 447, is therefore designated here. It is has been collected approximately at the same locality as the syntype specimens. The year of collection was 1911, before the Berlin herbarium, where Stuhlmann’s collections were most likely kept, was largely destroyed. It has been †‹•–”‹„—–‡†–‘ϐ‹˜‡Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒƒ†–™‘Š‡”„ƒ”‹—•Š‡‡–•ƒ”‡ˆ”‘–Š‡Š‡”„ƒ”‹—‘ˆ‡”Ž‹ ȋȌǤŠ‡› ƒ””›Žƒ„‡Ž•™‹–ŠDz—”ƒ–‡ƒ„—‘„‡•‡ ‹Ž‰dz‹ ‹Ž‰ǯ•Šƒ†™”‹–‹‰Ǥ ƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ the serrate leaf margin and the leaf blade shape match perfectly the original description. Verdcourt (2005) recognizes G. likimiensisƒ†Šƒ•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†C. bukobense material as either G. vogelii or G. likimiensis. Actually, G. likimiensis is Ouratea ϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒ De Wild but he could not use that name since Gomphia ϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒ A.St.-Hil. exists already. He listed characters that describe both species such as the leaf texture, shape and margin. Material that has thin, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate leaves with usually spinulose 3.7 Materials and Methods –‡‡–Š–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‘”‡ Ž‘•‡Ž›•’ƒ ‡†ƒ†‘”‡ —”˜‡†™ƒ•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ƒ•O. likimiensis. I totally agree with him that two taxa are involved, but Verdcourt failed to see that his C. likimiensis also perfectly matches the description of C. bukobense. Verdcourt’s error was maybe a logical one because he did not see any type specimens of C. bukobense. Now, Šƒ˜‹‰•‡Ž‡ –‡†ƒ‡‘–›’‡•’‡ ‹‡ƒ†Šƒ˜‹‰•‡‡ƒ›Š‡”„ƒ”‹—•Š‡‡–•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† by previous botanists as either C. bukobense or O. ϔŽ‘”‹„—†ƒ, to me it is obvious they belong to the same taxon, for which the correct name is C. bukobense. ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ‹–‡”•‘ˆƒˆϐ‹‹–›ǡC. bukobense is close to C. andongensis. It differs by having papyraceous leaves and more numerous lateral veins. Distribution: South Central African Republic to South-East Cameroon and the North of the Republic of the Congo, extending to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Ethiopia, southern Soudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia (Map ͵). Ecology: in primary, secondary and gallery forests, also in swamp forest; at 350-1650 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹ǡ‹‹ȌǤ α͵ͳǡ͵͸ͻʹͲ 2ǡ α ͳͻǡͺʹͶʹͲ km2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͺʹǡ•—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αʹ͸ǡȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαʹ͸͸ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•• ƒ––‡”‡† into many subpopulations (26) from the Republic of the Congo to eastern and northeastern Africa. Although its most recent collection is from the nineteen eighties, it is well represented in herbaria suggesting it is not uncommon. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined:  , Gitegaǣ‘ϐŽ—‡–ƒ”—œ‹Ǧ—˜—˜—Ǥ͵ιͳͷǯǡ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋˆ”ȌǡBen, D. van der 2411 (EA,K). , ǣƒ” ŠͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡGocker 40 (HUH); East Province: près Ndongo, à 40 km WNW de ‘Ž‘—†‘—ȋ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲ‘—ƒ‡ȌǤʹιͳͲǯǡͳͶιͷͲǯǡͳͷƒ” Šͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 12081 (BR,K,P).    , Lobayeǣ‘—‘‘Ǥ͵ιͷͶǯǡͳ͹ιͷͷǯǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡTisserant (Équipe), C. 674 ȋȌǢ ‘—‘‘Ǥ ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳ͹ιͷͷǯǡ ͺ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tisserant (Équipe), C. 839 (P); Boukoko. 3°54’N, 17°55’E, 17 May 1950 (fr), Tisserant (Équipe), C. 1746 ȋȌǢ ‘—‘‘Ǥ ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳ͹ιͷͷǯǡ ͻ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tisserant (Équipe), C. 2061 (P); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Ndakan, gorilla study area M 1500 to M 2000 to B 600. ʹιʹͳǯǡͳ͸ιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͹’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 531 (E).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Alima-Likouala, région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko). 0°13’S, 14°20’E, 15 December 1970 (fr), Sita 2991 (WAG); Odzala National Park, saline Moba A. 0°49’N, ͳͷι͹Ͳǯǡ ʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lejoly 96/ 295 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, Layon Tombi, partie Sud., c. ͲιͷʹǯǡͳͶιͶ͸ǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡLisowski, S. C 1019 (BRLU).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bas-Congoǣ ‹•ƒ–—Ǥ ͷιͲͺǯǡ ͳͷιͲ͸ǯǡ ͳͻͲͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Mvuazi. 5°27’S, ͳͶιͷͶǯǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDevred 63ȋȌǢ˜—ƒœ‹Ǥͷιʹ͹ǯǡͳͶιͷͶǯǡ͵ —‡ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡDubois, J. 310 ȋȌǢ‹•ƒ–—ǤͷιͲͺǯǡͳͷιͲ͸ǯǡ͵Ͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst, H.J.R. 25776 (BR); Kisantu. 5°08’S, 15°06’E, ͵Ͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst, H.J.R. 25777 (BR); Equateur: environ de Likimi. 2°50’N, 20°45’E, 20 April ͳͻͳͲȋϐŽȌǡMalchair 271 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 5 August 1906 (fr), Pynaert 522 (BR,K,Z); Eala., c. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 5 October 1906 (fr), Pynaert 523 (BR); Eale. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, October 1930 (fr), Staner 903 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢƒŽƒǤͳιͳͳǯǡʹ͵ιͳ͸ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 1007 (BR,EA,G,K,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, ʹͲƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡPynaert 1189 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 10 May 1932 (fr), Baland 1250 (BR); Eala., c. ͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͲ —‡ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡBaland 1578ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBaland 1670 ȋȌǢ ƒŽƒǡ ‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯǡ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ʹ͹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Corbisier-Baland 2052 (EA,G,US,WAG); ƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡBaland 2052 (BR,US,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 2 May 1919 ȋϐŽȌǡVermoesen 2126 (BR); Befale. 0°28’N, 20°57’E, 30 June 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4316 (BR,K,WAG); Kasai- 3 ’Ǥ͸ͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥ͸ʹ Oriental: Gandajika. 6°45’S, 23°57’E, 20 June 1951 (fr), Chalon, G. 346 (BR); Kanda-kanda. Galerie de la —Žƒ˜—†‹ǡ͵Ͳ†‡ ƒ†ƒŒ‹ƒǤ͸ιͷ͸ǯǡʹ͵ι͵͹ǯǡ͵Ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡLuxen 563 (BR); Kanda-Kanda. 6°56’S, ʹ͵ι͵͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͲͲǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Risopoulos 689 (K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba): Mutombo-Mukulu. 7°58’S, 24°00’E, 24 August 1959 (st), Lukuesa 695 ȋȌǢ ƒ’ƒ‰ƒǤ ͺιʹͳǯǡ ʹʹι͵Ͷǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Overlaet 855ȋȌǢ—‹•ƒƒ•ƒ‹Ǥǡ Ǥͺιʹͳǯǡʹʹι͵Ͷǯǡͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡOverlaet 859 (WAG); Kaniama - Haut Lomani. ͹ι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡ—‰—•–ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡMullenders 1273 (BR); Kaniama - Haut Lomani. 7°31’S, 24°11’E. Alt: 850m, 28 November 1947 (fr), Mullenders 1563 (BR); Kaniama - Haut Lomani. 7°31’S, 24°11’E. Alt: 860m, 1 December 1947 (fr), Mullenders 1630ȋȌǢƒ‹ƒƒǤ͹ι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡHerman, E.F. 2282 ȋȌǢƒ‹ƒƒǦ ƒ—–‘ƒ‹Ǥ͹ι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡMullenders 14800 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—ǣ‡‹ǡƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ„‡”–ǡ’‹•–‡‹‡†ƒƒ–—ƒǤͲι͵͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͻǯǡʹ͸ƒ›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡWilde, JMHJR de 20ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‹’ƒ’ƒ•Š‹Ǧƒ†‹™‡ǤͲιʹͺǯǡʹͻιͳʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡGille 147 (BR,K,WAG); ‡‹Ǥǡ ǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡGille 211 (BR,K,WAG); Rutshuru. 1°11’S, 29°27’E. Alt: 1100m, 18 August ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Christiaensen 1047 ȋȌǢ —™‡–‹ ȋƒ•‹•‹ȌǤ ͳιͳʹǯǡ ʹͺιͶͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͵ͲͲǡ ʹʹ —‰—•– ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gutzwiller 1584 (BR,EA,WAG); between Nezelube and Kamubene Rivers. 0°27’N, 29°46’E, 9 September 1952 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOsmaston 2221ȋȌǢ—–‘‰‘ǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 2581 ȋǡǡ ǡǡ ȌǢƒ•‡‡ǡ—–‘‰‘Ǥǡ ǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͹Ͳǡ͵ƒ›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡGutzwiller 2717 (BR); ”‘—–‡—–•Š—”—Ǧƒ–™‡ǡ͵ʹǡ’”°•†‡Žƒˆ”‘–‹°”‡‰ƒ†ƒ‹•‡ǤͳιͲʹǯǡʹͻι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹ͸Ͳǡͺ —‡ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡ Pierlot 3053ȋȌǢ——ǡ—–‘‰‘ǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͷͲǡͳͻ —‡ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡGutzwiller 3177 (BR); Beni, Kibali-Ituri., 0°29’N, 29°28’E, November 1931 (fr), Lebrun 4325 (BR,P); Beni, piste Mwenda à Katuka près du Ž‹‡—†‹–ƒŽƒ•ƒ‰‘ǤͲιʹ͹ǯǡʹͻιͶ͸ǯǡͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 7976 (BR,K,WAG); Environs de la ”‹˜‹°”‡ƒ—Š‹†‹ǡ’”°•†‡Žƒ’‹•–‡†‡•ƒ–ƒŽ‹‰ƒǤǡ ǤͲιͶͷǯǡʹͻιͷͲǯǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 8384ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‡Ž‹‹ǡƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ„‡”–Ǥͳιͳ͵ǯǡ͵Ͳι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͸Ͳǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 9574ȋǡ ǡ ȌǢ‹ˆ——ƒ‹ƒ™ƒǤͲιͶͶǯǡʹͻιͶ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 9614ȋȌǢ›ƒ‰‘Ž‘ǤͲιʹ͸ǯǡʹͻιͶ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲͲǡͳ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11058 (BR); Djelube, ƒˆϐŽ—‡–†”‘‹–‡Ž‹‹ǤͲι͵͸ǯǡʹͻιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹ͵ͲǡͳͲ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11184 (BR); Beniz: ƒˆϐŽ—‡–†‡ŽƒŒ—ƒǢ•‘—•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–†‡Žƒ•‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳͲƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11922 (BR,K); ƒˆϐŽ—‡–Œ‘—ƒǦ‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͷǯǡ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12035ȋȌǢŒ—ƒǡƒˆϐŽ—‡–‰ƒ— Š‡ ‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͺͳͷǡʹͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12791ȋȌǢ‡‹ǡ—•‡„‡—ǡƒˆϐŽ—‡– ‰ƒ— Š‡†—›ƒŽ‡‹Ǣ•‘—•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–†‡Žƒ•‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12872 (BR,K); ƒ—•‹‰‡”‘ ƒˆϐŽ—‡– ƒŽ—Ž—Ǥ Ͳι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹͻι͵ͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͷͲǡ ͺ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Witte, G.F. de 12918 (BR); ›ƒ‰‘Ž‘Ǧ‘Ž‹†‹ǤͲιʹ͸ǯǡʹͻιͶ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸Ͳǡʹ͸ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWitte, G.F. de 13014 (BR); Orientale: Epulu ƒ† ˜‹ ‹‹–›ǡ Ǥ ʹͲͲ ‹Ž‡• ‡ƒ•– ‘ˆ –ƒŽ‡›˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥǡ Ǥ ͳιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹͺι͵͸ǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Putman 15 (BR); Mahagi, rivière ‹„ƒŽ‹Ǥǡͳ͵ͺͲǡ ǤʹιͲͻǯǡ͵ͲιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͺͲǡʹͷ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡDevillé, A. 149 (BR,UPS); rivière Kibali. 2°18’N, ͵Ͳι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͺͲǡʹͷ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡBamps 179 (BR); Zone de Mambasa. Ituri Forest. Afarama bord de la ”‹˜‹°”‡Ǥͳι͵͵ǯǡʹͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡEwango 205 (WAG); près de la rivière Uélé (Kibali). ʹιͲͻǯǡ͵ͲιʹͶǯǡʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSmeyers 326 (BR,K,WAG); Route Kampala (Kibali). 1350m. 2°09’N, ͵ͲιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͷͲǡʹͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡFroment 432 (BR,K,WAG); Penghe-Irumu. 1°20’N, 28°09’E, 28 February ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 2641 (BR); Entre gombari et Faradje. 3°04’N, 29°30’E, July 1931 (fr), Lebrun 3344 (BR,C,WAG); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯǡʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡDonis 3508 (BR,C,P); Ituri, summit of Aketu Hill, c. 5 km NW of abandoned coffee plantation at Nzaro (c. 90 km N of Mambasa on road to Isiro). 2°05’N, 28°48’E. Alt: ͳͳͷͲǡ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGereau 5418 (MO,WAG); Yangambi. 0°46’N, 24°27’E, 24 February 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8047ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯǡʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 16547 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N, 24°27’E, 20 November 1947 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 16837 (BR); Sud-Kivu: Bulira. 2°04’S, 28°55’E, 22 February 1934 (fr), Babault 20 ȋȌǢ —Ž‹”ƒǤ ʹιͲͶǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ʹʹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Babault 28 (P); Bulira. 2°04’S, 28°55’E, ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Babault 36 ȋȌǢ —Ž‹”ƒǤ ʹιͲͶǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Babault 87 (P); Inéac›ƒ—›—›‡ǤʹιʹͲǯǡʹͺιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͷͲǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡPierlot 457 (BR); Makuta. 2°02’S, 28°39’E, ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡBabault 528 (P); Lac Kivu, Idjwi (Kalambo). 2°10’S, 29°05’E. Alt: 1500m, 4 September 1953 (st), Ben, D. van der 769ȋǡȌǢƒ ‹˜—ǡ †Œ™‹ȋƒŽƒ„‘ȌǤʹιͳͲǯǡʹͻιͲͷǯǡͳ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡBen, D. van der 837 ȋǡȌǢƒ ‹˜—ǡŠ—˜‡ǡ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†—ǤǤ†‡ŽǯÁŽ‡ †Œ™‹Ǥͳιͷ͹ǯǡʹͻιͲ͸ǯǡʹͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBen, D. van der 882ȋǡȌǢ•Š‹„‹†ƒǤʹιͳͻǯǡʹͺιͶͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡScaëtta 1061 (BR); route Kavumu-Walikale, Km 67 Buniakiri. 2°06’S, 28°34’E. Alt: 1100m, 7 November 1956 (fr), Pierlot 1408 (BR); Mulungu-Lwamabale, Km 25 route BukavuGoma. 2°19’S, 28°46’E. Alt: 1600m, 18 March 1959 (fr), Pierlot 2795 (BR); Bunyakiri. 2°04’S, 28°34’E. Alt: ͳͲͲͲǡͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 2859 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt: ͻͲͲǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3171 (BR,COI,K,WAG); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Ž–ǣͻͲͲǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin, G.M.D.J. 3174 (BR,K,WAG); Bunyakiri. 2°04’S, 28°34’E. Alt: 1400m, 2 March 3.7 Materials and Methods ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 3255 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers le km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 14 May ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3419 (BR,K,WAG); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale; Irangi, réserve IRSAC. 1°53’S, ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3420 (BR,K); route Kavumu-Walikale, vers km 110, Irangi. 1°53’S, ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͸ —‡ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3534 (BR); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale; Irangi, ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͹ —‡ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3541 (BR,K); route Kavumu-Walikale vers le  ͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͹ —‡ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3543 (BR,EA,K); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavumƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǣ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͹ —‡ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3544 (BR,K); Bushumba., c. ʹιʹͲǯǡʹͺιͷͲǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHendrickx 3576 (BR,EA); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͻ —Ž›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3785 (BR,K,WAG); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers le km 110. 1°53’S, ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ͹ —Ž› ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 3823 (BR,K,WAG); Biega. 2°23’S, 28°40’E, January 1946 (fr), Hendrickx 3859 (BR); Ngwindja Kab., c. 2°23’S, 28°50’E, February 1946 (fr), Hendrickx 3914 (BR,EA); Kabare. ʹιʹͻǯǡʹͺιͶͺǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡHendrickx 3920 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͷ —‰—•– ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 3957 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ Ž‡ •Š‹‡Ǥ ʹιͲʹǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͶ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Hendrickx 4267 (BR,EA); Vers Km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1060 m. 1°53’S, ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4298 (B,BR,K); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale; ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4457 (BR,K); île Shime. 2°02’S, ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡHendrickx 5023ȋȌǢÁŽ‡„‹ƒǤʹιͳͻǯǡʹͺιͷ͸ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡHendrickx 5641 ȋǡ ȌǢ”‡‰ƒǤʹι͵Ͳǯǡʹ͹ι͵Ͳǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 5757 (BR,WAG); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers ͳͳͲǡ ”ƒ‰‹”±•‡”˜‡Ǥ ǤǤǤǤǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͵Ͳ —Ž›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 7767 (BR); Ile Idjwi, dans le Lac Kivu. 2°10’S, 29°05’E. Alt: 1600m, May 1929 (fr), Humbert 8340 (P); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers ͳͳͲǡ ”ƒ‰‹”±•‡”˜‡Ǥ ǤǤǤǤǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸ͲǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 10013 (BR); Kalehe, ”‘—–‡ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ˜‡”•ͳͳͲǡ ‘ŽŽ‹‡ƒ”ƒ„‹Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡʹ͹’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 10203ȋȌǢƒŽ‡Š‡ǡ”‘—–‡ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ˜‡”•ͳͳͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡ͵ —‡ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 10283 (BR); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110, Irangi réserve. I.R.S.A.C. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt: 860m, ͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 11376 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. ͳͺ͸ͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 12089 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km110 ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ‘ŽŽ‹‡—Ž‡•‹Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡʹ͹ —‡ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 12478 (BR). ETHIOPIA, Kefa: Mezan Tefari. 6°58’N, 35°25’E. Alt: 1500m, 8 August 1962 (fr), Mooney, H.F. 9249 (K,S). , ›ƒœƒǣƒŽƒǤƒƒ‡‰ƒǤͲιͳʹǯǡ͵Ͷιͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹͶǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡDale, I.R. 3244 (BR,EA,K,MA).  , Central Equatoriaǣ‡‹†‹•–Ǥ‡ƒ”Š‘”„„ƒǤͶιͲͷǯǡ͵ͲιͶͳǯǡͳ͵ƒ›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndrews, F.W. 1211 (C,K); Eastern Equatoria: Lado, Yei river. Jembi. 4°00’N, 30°40’E, 23 August 1919 (fr), Sillitoe 290 ȋȌǢƒ†‘ǡ‡‹”‹˜‡”Ǥ ‡„‹ǤͶιͲͲǯǡ͵ͲιͶͲǯǡʹ͵—‰—•–ͳͻͳͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSillitoe 365ȋȌǢǤ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ”‘˜‹ ‡ǡ‡‹ †‹•–”‹ –ǡŽ‘ƒŽƒ–‡ƒ—ǡ‡‹Ǥ„‡Ž‘™ ™ƒ–‘ƒǤǡ Ǥ͵ιͶͷǯǡ͵Ͳι͵ͺǯǡʹʹƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHoyle 812 (FHO); Anglo‰›’–‹‡—†ƒǣŠ‘”„ƒǡŽ‘ƒ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—ǤͶιʹʹǯǡ͵͵ιͷ͹ǯǡͳ͵’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡMyers 11310 (K).  , Mwanzaǣ ƒ”‹‡Š‘Žˆǡ ‡”‡™‡ǡ ƒœƒ‹ƒ ʹιͲ͵ǯǡ ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡ ʹͳ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Conrads 447 (B,BR,EA,FHO,K); Mdutunda (Kisukuma), Buhindi Forest Reserve. 1189m, 2°25’S, 32°15’E. Alt: 1189m, 27 —‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡCarmichael, W. 1080ȋǡȌǢ”‡•—ƒ„Ž›‘‘”‡ƒ”‡”‡™‡ •Žƒ†ǤʹιͲ͵ǯǡ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡ Conrads 5960ȋǡǡȌǢ”‡•—ƒ„Ž›‘‘”‡ƒ”‡”‡™‡ •Žƒ†ǤʹιͲ͵ǯǡ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡConrads 6068 (EA).  , ǣ November 1953 (st), Philip, M.S. 93 (EA); Buganda: Minziro Forest, south Nasaka district. ͳιͲͲǯǡ͵ͳιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͺͻǡȋϐŽȌǡBrasnett 63 (EA,K); 0°44’S, 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe 93 (EA,K); Buku, –ƒ„„‡ǡƒ–͵ͺͲͲˆ–ǤͲιͲͶǯǡ͵ʹιʹ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͹͵ǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEggeling 413 (BR,EA,FHO,K); Namauve ‘”‡•–ǤͲιʹͷǯǡ͵ʹιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͷͺǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 432 (LUA); Jubiya C.F.R. Bukakata. 0°15’S, 31°58’E. Alt: 1158m, May 1953 (fr), Philip, M.S. 520 (EA); Namanve forest, Kiagwe. 0°22’N, 32°41’E. Alt: 1189m, April 1932 ȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 589ȋȌǢƒƒ—˜‡ ‘”‡•–ǡ‹ƒ‰™‡ǤͲιʹʹǯǡ͵ʹιͶͳǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 707 (EA,FHO,K); Buku, –‡„„‡ǤͲιͲͶǯǡ͵ʹιʹ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͷͺǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 1089 (EA,FHO,K); Kasansi, near Kampala. Ͳιͳ͵ǯǡ͵ʹι͵ʹǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡChandler, P. 1170 (BR); Kipayo forest. 0°15’N, 32°46’E. Alt: 1219m, 2 August ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡDümmer 1395ȋǡȌǢ—Žƒ‰‡ǤͲι͵ͳǯǡ͵͵ιͲ͵ǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDümmer 3965 (US,Z); Kireku swamp ‡ƒ”™‡›‘‰‡”‡”‡ǤͲιʹ͵ǯǡ͵ʹιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲͲǡͳƒ” Šͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRwaburindore 4103 (C,MA,MO); Mulange. Ͳι͵ͳǯǡ͵͵ιͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡ‘˜‡„‡”ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDümmer 4340 (K,US,Z); Mulange, Mahia forest. 0°31’N, 33°03’E. Ž–ǣ ͳʹͳͻǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dümmer 5597 (K); Southern Province: Maramagambo forest, near Bitereko. Ͳι͵ʹǯǡ ʹͻιͷ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͳͷͺǡ ͳͳ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Harrington 389 (EA); Western Province: Siba forest. ͳιͶͳǯǡ͵ͳιʹ͸ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡSangster, R.G. 94ȋǡȌǢƒ”ƒƒ‰ƒ„‘ǤͲι͵ʹǯǡʹͻιͷ͵ǯǡͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡ fr), Synnott, T.J. 171 (EA); Budongo Forest NR. Busingiro. About 5 miles N. of Nyabyeya hill on track from new ‹ŽŽ•‹–‡–‘‡š’‡”‹‡–ƒŽ Ž‡ƒ”Ǧˆ‡ŽŽ‡†›‘‡–”ƒǡ”‹†‰‡•‹–‡ǤͳιͶ͹ǯǡ͵ͳι͵ͷǯǡͷ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡDawkins 548 (BR,EA,K); Budongo Forest, 3600ft. 1°39’N, 31°35’E. Alt: 1097m, May 1932 (fr), Harris, C.M. 725 (EA,FHO,K); 3 ’Ǥ͸͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods ‘—–Šƒ”ƒƒ‰ƒ„‘ Ǥ ǤͶ‹Ž‡•Ǥ‘ˆƒ‹œ‹‹˜‡””‹†‰‡ǤͲι͵ʹǯǡʹͻιͷ͵ǯǡͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLock 69/ 43 (EA). ZAMBIA, ‘”–Š‡”ǣŠ‹•Š‹„ƒˆƒŽŽ•ǤͳͲιͲͺǯǡ͵ͲιͷͷǯǡͳͲ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡFanshawe 4787 (BR,EA,FHO,K); 21 miles from Mporokoso towards Kasama. 9°26’S, 30°22’E, 17 October 1947 (st), Brenan 8135 (FHO,K). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998) and Verdcourt (2005). Campylospermum cabrae (Gilg) Farron ‹‰Ǥʹ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965). – Exomicrum cabrae (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 8, 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea cabrae Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 262 (1904). – Type: Cabra 33 (holotype: BR!) Congo. 3 ’Ǥ͸Ͷ Treelet up to 5 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with a pale brownish coloured bark. Stipules persistent, very narrowly triangular, ͳʹȂͳͷ long. Leaf: petiole 2–6 mm long, slender; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, ȋͷȂȌ͹ȂͳͶšȋͳǤͷȂȌʹȂͶ , ratio ͵Ȃ͸, base attenuate, sometimes decurrent onto the petiole, apex slightly acuminate to acute, papyraceous, not bullate, upper surface medium green, lower suface paler green, dull on both sides, margin regularly serrulate, teeth with a dark tip; venation: midrib ’”‘‹‡–ƒ„‘˜‡ǡϐŽƒ––‘ slightly canaliculate below, main lateral veins 10–14 on either side, 5–10(–15) mm ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡–ƒ„‘˜‡ǡϐŽƒ–„‡Ž‘™ǡ‘”‡‘”Ž‡••ƒ–ƒ”‹‰Š–ƒ‰Ž‡™‹–Š–Š‡‹†”‹„ but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 between each pair of main laterals, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched or rarely with a short sidebranch at its base, dense; pairwise scales persistent at the base ‘ˆ–Š‡’‡†— Ž‡Ǣ’‡†— Ž‡ƒš‹•ʹȂͷ Ž‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡•ͷȂ͹ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͷǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –• persistent, triangular-ovate to broadly ovate, 2–3 mm long, excluding the sometimes caudate apex. Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡ŽͷȂͳͲŽ‘‰ǡƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ͳȂʹ from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂ͸šʹȂ͵ǡ„ƒ•‡–”— ƒ–‡ǡƒ’‡šƒ —–‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͷȂͺš͵ƒ† becoming coriaceous, curved up in fruit; petals obovate to elliptic, 6–8 x 2–3 mm, clawed at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ʹȂ͵ǡ red; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–7 x 4–5 mm, immature ones reddish, mature ones black; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. cabrae is a rare species. The above description is based on only 8 specimens, collected between 1897 and 1966. It is characterized by having a serrulate margin with black tipped teeth and narrowly triangular stipules. It seems close to C. glaucum with ™Š‹ Š‹–•Šƒ”‡•–Š‡•ƒ‡–›’‡‘ˆ–‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡ƒ–‹‘ƒ†•Š‘”–—„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǡ but which differs in having much shorter stipules and the cymules being 2-5 mm apart. Distribution: southern Republic of the Congo, south-western Democratic Republic of the Congo (Mayombe) and Angola (Cabinda) (Map 4). A ͳ  ʹ ͳ C ʹ 3.7 Materials and Methods ‹‰—”‡ʹǤ Campylospermum cabrae. A. Incumbent cotyledons, with small outer cotyledon. ͳ & ʹ. stipules. C. Flowering branch. Ǥ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡‹ˆ”—‹–Ǥͳ & ʹ. Receptacle with persistent sepals. Drawings by Sabine Bousani Map 4. Distribution of Campylospermum cabraeȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum claessensii ( ) 3 ’Ǥ͸ͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at altitudes below 500 m. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰‹ –‘„‡”ǡƒ” Šƒ† —‡Ǣˆ”—‹–‹‰‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ǡƒ” Šƒ†ƒ›Ǥ Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘: Luvamba (Luki). IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹˜ȌǤ αͳͳǡͷ͹͵ 2ǡ αʹǡͶͲͺ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͹ǡ •—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αʹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹʹ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ‘™ ˆ”‘ ‘Ž› 8 specimens, collected between 1897 and 1966 and hence its present-day presence ‡‡†• ‘ϐ‹”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ–‘’‘ˆ–Šƒ–ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘Ž†‡””‡ ‘”†•ƒ”‡ˆ”‘™‹–Š‹’”‡•‡–Ž› ’”‘–‡ –‡†ƒ”‡ƒ•ǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”›†ƒ‰‡”‡†•‡‡•Œ—•–‹ϐ‹‡†Ǥ Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥ͸͸  , Cabindaǣƒ›‘„‡ǡ„— ‘ƒ—ǤͶιͶͷǯǡͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳ͸ȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 7193 (BM,COI,LISC).   ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: région de les Saras à 6 et 30 km du carrefour de routes Sounda et les ƒ”ƒ•ǤͶιʹʹǯǡͳʹιʹͲǯǡ͹ —‡ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡSita 1353 (P); ±‘—‘—: chantier forestier de la Mudongo, 24 km W. Sibiti. 3°40’S, 13°20’E, 19 August 1965 (st), Farron 4491 (P).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bas-Congo: Unteres Congogebiet. 5°08’S, 12°59’E, 1897 (fr), Cabra 33 (BR); Riobo (Mayombe). 5°34’S, 13°07’E, 19 January 1940 (fr), Donis 80 (BM); Kiobo (Tshela) Leopoldville. 5°38’S, ͳ͵ιͲ͹ǯǡʹ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡDonis 378ȋǡǡ ȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯǡͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͶƒ” ŠͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWagemans 784 (WAG); Luki. 5°38’S, 13°04’E, 19 May 1954 (fr), Wagemans 805 (BR,K). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). Campylospermum calanthum (Gilg) Farron Fig. ͵ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea calantha Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 259 (1904). – Type: Zenker 1845 (holotype: B†; isotype: HBG!, K!, P(2x)!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898. Monelasmum zenkeri Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 200 (June 1902). – Type: Zenker 1845 (holotype: P(2x)!; isotype: HBG!, K!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898. (non Campylospermum zenkeri (TieghǤȌ ƒ””‘‫ؠ‬C. oliveri (Tiegh.) Farron) Monelasmum sibangense (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot, 18: 36 (June 1903). Ouratea sibangensis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 267 (1904). – Type: Soyaux 53 (holotype: P!; isotype: K!), Gabon, Sibange Farm, January 22th, 1880. syn. nov. Ouratea nigroviolacea Gilg ex Bak. in Rendle et al., Cat. pl. Oban: 124 (1913). -.Type: Talbot 1282 (holotype: K!), Nigeria, Oban. Tree up to 10 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with dark brown coloured bark. Stipules persistent, narrowly to very narrowly triangular, 4–12(–25) mm long. Leaf: petiole ʹȂͳͲ  long, stout, canaliculate above; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-obovate or rarely obovate or narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͺȂȌͳ͹ȂʹͲȋȂ͵͹ǤͷȌ š ȋ͵ǤͷȂȌ͸ȂͳͲȋȂͳʹǤͷȌ cm, ratio ȋʹǤʹͷȂȌ͵ȂͶ, base generally cuneate or sometimes attenuate, rarely rounded, apex acuminate or rarely acute, coriaceous, slightly to distinctly bullate, upper side green, glossy, lower side paler green, dull, margin serrulate, sometimes shallowly so, ‘” ”ƒ”‡Ž› ‡–‹”‡Ǣ ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ ‹†”‹„ ϐŽƒ––‡‡† ‘ —’’‡” •‹†‡ǡ ’”‘‹‡– ‘ Ž‘™‡” •‹†‡ǡ main lateral veins ͳ͵Ȃʹʹ on either side, ȋ͹ȂȌͳͲȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌƒ’ƒ”–, ϐŽƒ––‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž› prominent on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each 3.7 Materials and Methods pair of main lateral veins, slightly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on upper side, fairly distinct on lower. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent, sometimes leafy, 15–20(–30) x 4–10 mm, its main axis (8–)15–35(–38) cm long; racemes 2–7, slender, (5–)8–19(–23) cm long, ascendant or rarely held horizontally; bracts persistent, triangular, 3–15(–30) mm long; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͸ȋȂͳͷȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel 5–9 mm, articulated at 2–4 mm from –Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͸Ȃͺš͵ȂͶǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͹ȂͳͲšͶȂ͸ǡ„ƒ•‡–”— ƒ–‡ǡ apex acute to rounded; petals obovate, 3–9 x 3–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͶȂ͸šͶȂ5 mm; drupelets 1–4 well developed per receptacle, reniform, slightly compressed, 8–11 x 6-8 mm; cotyledons accumbent,ά•‹‹Žƒ” in size. Notes: C. calanthum ‹• •‘‡–‹‡• †‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž– –‘ –‡ŽŽ ƒ’ƒ”– ˆ”‘ C. dybovskii. The former generally has much broader leaf blades with lateral veins prominent below, but some C. calanthum specimens may have fairly narrow leaf blades while some C. dybovskii specimens may have lateral veins that are slightly prominent below. In those cases, C. calanthum can be recognized by its persistent stipules and slightly to distinctly bullate leaves (caducous stipules and non-bullate leaves in C. dybovskii). Distribution: south-eastern Guinea, southern Liberia, Ivory Coast to Ghana, Nigeria, ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘ǡ Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola (Cabinda) (Map ͷ). Ecology: in primary, secondary, high, dense gallery forest, coastal, littoral wet and swamp forest, forest edges, along rivers; on brown, sandy soil and brown reddish clay; at up to 1100 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹ǡ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ȌǤα͵ǡʹ͸ͷǡͶ͵Ͳ2ǡα͵ǡͶ͹͵ǡͳͶͲ2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹͶ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα ͵ͺͻ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• “—‹–‡ ™‡ŽŽ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† ‹ Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒǡ which seems to indicate it in not uncommon in the wild, and occurs from West Africa all the way down to Angola (Cabinda) and is found in a wide variety of habitats. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined:  , Cabindaǣƒ‹‘„‡ǤͶι͵Ͷǯǡͳʹι͵͹ǯǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͻȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 7806 (BM,BR,COI,K,LISC). , Central Province: Nkongkengui, 12 km NNE Makak, à 50 km WSW. de Yaounde (feuille IGN ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ ƒ‘—†‡ȌǤ ͵ι͵ͻǯ ͳͳιͲͷǯǡ ͳ͹ —Ž› ͳͻ͹ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 11531 (K,P); East Province: Dja Fauna ‡•‡”˜‡ǡƒŽ‹‡–‡˜‹”‘•Ǥ͵ιͲͻǯͳʹιͶ͹ǯǡʹ͸—‰—•–ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡNguembou Kamgang 862 (BR,YA); Réserve de Žƒˆƒ—‡†—ŒƒǡŽƒ–Ǧƒƒ›ǤʹιͷͳǤʹǯͳ͵ιʹͲǤͷǯǡ͹ —Ž›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡSonké 1596 (BR); About 10 km S. of Dimako, SW. of Bertoua. 4°19’N 13°34’E. Alt: 630m, 1 August 1961 (fr), Breteler 1728 (BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: Forstexpedition 1908. 3°44’N 11°10’E, (st), Büsgen 404 (B); Lake Tissongo, 16 km EES of Mouanko. 3°35’N 9°52’E, 12 September 1983 (fr), Asonganyi 651 (P); Nlonako, 5 km SSE Nkongsamba. 4°54’N 9°57’E. Alt: 1100m, 17 March 1976 (st), Letouzey 14458 (P); South Province: Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, June 1899 (fr), Zenker s.n.ȋȌǢ‹’‹†‹Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO); 19 km S Lolodorf, 1 SW Ebom II, 1 km on transect 9B. Primary forest on hill top, 3°03’N 10°42’E. Alt: 370m, 29 September 1995 (fr), Winter, A.J. de 40 3 ’Ǥ͸͹ 3 ’Ǥ͸ͺ 3.7 Materials and Methods ‹‰—”‡͵Ǥ Campylospermum calanthum. Fruiting branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͷ. Distribution of Campylospermum calanthum 3.7 Materials and Methods (WAG); Ngongonjie hill, near Akonetye S of Ebolowa. 2°30’N 11°08’E. Alt: 630m, 16 January 1978 (fr), Koufani 48 (P); Mvimi. 2°22’N 10°06’E, 8 January 1984 (fr), Kaji 83 (P); Lolodorf, Ngowayang. 3°15’N 10°37’E, 14 June ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡAnnet 260ȋȌǢˆ—Ž‡ǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡʹ —Ž›ͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 293ȋȌǢ‹ϐ‹ƒǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 382 (B,C,G,HUH,LD,LY,US,WAG); Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E. Alt: 550m, 17 November 1995 (st), Elad 412 (KRIBI,WAG); Nkol Bidjouka, 38 km SW de Lolodorf. 3°06’N 10°25’E. Alt: 250m, 7 February 1979 (fr), Satabié 423ȋȌǢ”‘—–‡‹’‹†‡‹Šƒ‹Ǥ͵ιʹͻǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡʹͶ —‡ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡAnnet 435 (P); environ †ǯ„‘†Œ‡ǡͶͲ†‡”‹„‹Ǥʹι͵ͷǯͻιͷͶǯǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡSatabié 464 (P); Kribi. 2°57’N 9°55’E, 12 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWinkler, H.J.P. 815 (Z); near Bipaga II, km 40 Kribi-Edéa road., 30m 3°09’N 10°01’E. Alt: ͵Ͳǡʹͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 975 (MO,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N 10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1206 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.26’N 10°02.10’E. Alt: 85m, 27 March 2010 (fr), Bisse ien I hopgou 1218 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi. 2°45.13’N 9°52.92’E. Alt: 45m, 28 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1223 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi. 2°45.13’N 9°52.92’E. Alt: 45m, 28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1224 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi., 39m, 2°45.17’N 9°52.85’E. Alt: 39m, 28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1225 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi. 2°45.17’N 9°52.85’E. Alt: 39m, 28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1226 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, 40 km de Kribi. 3°03.55’N 10°11.52’E. Alt: 44m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1236 (LBV,WAG,YA); route ”‹„‹Ǧ‹’‹†‹ǡ͹Ǥ͵ƒ˜ƒ–‹’‹†‹Ǥ͵ιͲͶǤͳ͵ǯͳͲιʹͲǤͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͻ͹ǡ͵Ͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1242 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.13’N 10°20.45’E. Alt: 97m, 30 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1244 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N 10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1256 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N 10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1257 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1263 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto, along transect T4. ʹιͳͷǤͳǯͳͲιʹͳǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡElad 1273 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini, along transect T7. 2°19.3’N 10°08.4’E. Alt: 60m, 17 February 2000 (fr), Elad 1288 (KRIBI,WAG); colline à droite du km 28 de la route Kribi-Lolodorf. 3°03’N 10°07’E, 12 April 1949 (fr), Letouzey 1288 (P); Campo Ma’an area, „‹ƒ‡‡›‘‰Ǥʹιʹ͹Ǥ͸ǯͳͲιͳ͹ǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͸ͲǡʹͶƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡElad 1566 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Kribi-Ebolowa km 9. 2°53’N 9°58’E, 5 January 1968 (fr), Bamps 1691ȋȌǢŽ‘Ž‘†‘”ˆǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡ Bamps 1735ȋȌǢ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻͺȋϐŽȌǡZenker 1845 (BM,E,G,K,Z); Bipindi Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1904 (fr), Zenker 2768 (BM,G,K,LY); Efoulan, Ongongo and Nkolomekok hills in Akom II area. ʹιͶͶǤͻǯͳͲι͵ʹǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹͶ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2827 (WAG); Ma’an, Nvili Ayet, Forest 1,5 hours walk North of Ma’an village, behind nvili creek. 2°22’N 10°36’E. Alt: 540m, 13 February 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3146 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); E. of Bwambe Cath. Mission, 6 km S of Kribi, shady forest edge. 2°53’N ͻιͷͶǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 3238 (BR,C,K,MA,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Ebodje, Likodo River bank., 2°34’N 9°50’E. Alt: 10m, 31 March 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3257 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Lobé, Pfourpfoua ȋƒ„‹Ȍǡ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Žƒ†‹‰ǤʹιͷͳǯͻιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲǡͳ͸ƒ›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3429 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); ͻ   ‘ˆ ”‹„‹Ǥ ͵ιͲͲǯ ͻιͷ͸ǯǡ ʹ͹ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bos, J.J. 3508 (BR,E,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); ‹’‹†‹ǡ‹’‹†‹Š‘ˆǡ‡‡” ƒ”†‡•ǡ‘Žƒ„‹„‹Ǥǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͺ —‡ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3537 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Akom II, Nkol Dangueng. 2°48’N 10°32’E. Alt: 405m, 19 August 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3945 (WAG); entre Fenda (60 km ESE de Kribi) et rivière Kienke. 2°49’N 10°25’E, 22 January 1962 (fr), Letouzey 4094ȋȌǢ‘‘’”°•‰‘ƒ•‡ƒ—•—††‡Žƒ”‹˜‹°”‡‘„‘Ǥ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ‘‘Ž‹‰ƒǤ 3°14’N 12°04’E, 13 February 1962 (fr), Letouzey 4204 (P); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (st), Zenker 4253 (BM,E,G,K,MA,W); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1912 (fr), Zenker 4487 (BM,E,G,K,S,W); 20 km from Kribi, 3 km N. of Lolodorf road, SFIA forest exploitation., 3°02’N 10°03’E, 18 July 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5091 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 30 km N. of Kribi. 3°08’N 10°01’E, 28 November 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5736 (WAG); 22 km from Kribi, 3 - 4 km S. of Lolodorf road. 2°59’N 10°04’E, 25 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6411 (BAS,P,WAG); 28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road, Bidou I, summit of Calvary mountain. 3°01’N 10°07’E. Alt: 300m, 17 June 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6952 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); 11 km N. of Kribi, Edea road., 3°00’N 9°57’E, 24 June 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6964 (BAS,WAG); 60 km N. of Kribi, 3 km E. of Edea road. 3°20’N 10°07’E, 11 July 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7086 (AAU,B,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); Kribi, Km 9 sur la route d’Edea, près du village Ebouyoie. 3°00’N 9°58’E, 25 April 1970 (st), Farron 7131 (P); 25 km from Kribi, 2 km N. of Lolodorf road. 3 ’Ǥ͸ͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥ͹Ͳ 3°01’N 10°05’E, 28 July 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7160 (AAU,B,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); 38 km on the road from Kribi to Campo., 2°38’N 9°51’E, 3 December 1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7781 (WAG); Ongongondjé hill, on gentle slope, 17 km NW. of Ambam, close to the village of Akonékyé. 2°29’N 11°10’E. Alt: 730m, 27 December 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8721 (MO,P,WAG,YA); à 20 km SSE de Zingui (soit à 50 km au SE de Kribi.). 2°38’N 10°16’E, 15 March 1968 (fr), Letouzey 9054 (P); Nkoemvone, 12 km S Ebolowa. 2°50’N 11°09’E, 26 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRaynal, J. 10038 (P); 12 km E Nyabesan vers Asseng. 2°25’N 10°32’E, 3 March 1963 (fr), Raynal, J. 10167 (P); Ebemwok, 55 km W Ebolowa. 2°49’N 11°41’E, 13 March 1963 (fr), Raynal, J. 10436 (P); 30 km SE of Bipindi. 2°55’N 10°35’E, 26 February 1993 (fr), Breteler 12018 (WAG); 40-50 km E. of Campo. 2°30’N 10°15’E, 1 March 1993 (fr), Breteler 12036 (WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Eboundja, in the Campo area „‡–™‡‡‘„‡ƒ†ƒ’‘ǤʹιͶͷǤʹǯͻιͷͶǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou EBOUX 39 (WAG); Akom II, Efoulan hills between plots EFOU1 and 4. 2°44.9’N 10°32.5’E. Alt: 480m, 26 April 2000 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou EFOUX 8 (WAG); Ma’an, forest between Meyos Ntem and Nsengou. 2°10.9’N 10°34.8’E. Alt: 440m, 5 February 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou NSEX 235 (WAG); Onoyong, forest between plots ONO1 en 10. 2°31.7’N 10°41.8’E. Alt: 360m, 18 March 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou ONOX 104 (WAG); Campo Ma’an ƒ”‡ƒǡ‹„ƒ„‹˜‘–‘ǡ‹–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ƒŽ‘‰–”ƒ•‡ –͵Ǥʹιͳ͵ǤͷǯͳͲιͲͳǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͳͷƒ›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou T3X 49 (WAG); South-West Province: Réserve forestière d’Eymojock env. 50 km E Manfe. 5°42’N 8°51’E, 14 February 1985 (fr), Onana 178 (P); Nndian-Dibonda- Ekumbako road. 4°55’N 8°52’E. Alt: ͳͲͲǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNemba, J. 358 (MO,P,WAG); Korup National Park, P transect, plot 23T. 5°00’N ͺιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBurgt, X.M. van der 583 (G,G,SCA,WAG); Korup Reserve, Transect Ǥ Ͷιͷͻǯ ͺιͷͳǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 708 (K,WAG); Korup National Park. Mature rain forest on •ƒ†›•‘‹ŽǤͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, D.W. 4152 (BR,K,MO); Mundemba town. ͷιͷͺǯͺιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹͲ —‡ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 4236 (K,MO,WAG); Mundemba town. 4°58’N 8°55’E. Alt: 100m, 1 September 1984 (st), Thomas, D.W. 4260 (BR,MO); 2 km S of Ikassa last Bush-Mosongisele trail on right of way being cleared for new military road to Bakassi. 4°56’N 8°46’E. Alt: 60m, 18 November 1994 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGereau 5544 (BR,WAG); Lake Ejaghan forest reserve. 5°46’N 9°17’E, 6 March 1963 (fr), White, F. 8624 ȋ ȌǢ —„ƒ †‹˜Ǥ Ǥ ƒ—†— Ǥ Ǥ „‘—– ͳ ‹Ž‡• Ǥ ‘ˆ ƒ‰ƒ ‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹ͹ǯǡ ͳͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Brenan FHI 9303 (K); along the line in compartment 1 in Banga N.A.F.R. S. Bakundu. 4°24’N 9°27’E, 9 January 1956 (fr), Binuyo FHI 35165 (FHI,FHO,K,P); West Province: Mts. Bamboutos, route des Mbos. 5°15’N 10°00’E. Ž–ǣͳͳͲͲǡͳͲƒ” Šͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeurillon, A. CNAD 653 (BR,K).      , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±ǣ ƒ›ƒ‰ƒǤ ʹι͵ʹǯ ͳ͸ιͳͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ —Ž› ͳͻͺ͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Harris, D.J. s.n.ȋǡ ȌǢƒ‰Šƒ ‘‘‹“—‡Ǥœƒ‰ƒǦƒ‰Šƒ‡•‡”˜‡ǡͶͷ‘ˆ‹†Œ‘„‘Ǥ†ƒƒ‰‘”‹ŽŽƒ study area on trail from Keni‚ to Njeke stream E from K 3000. 2°22’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 16 November 1988 (fr), Harris, D.J. 1600 (K,MO,UPS,WAG); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°47’N 16°25’E, 20 May ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4901 (E).   ȋ Ȍ, ǣ 28 September 1965 (fr), Farron 4631 (P); Cuvette: Alima-Likouala, région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko). 0°13’S 14°20’E, 15 December 1970 (fr), Sita 2993 ȋǡ ȌǢ Ž‹ƒǦ‹‘—ƒŽƒ ƒ••‹ǡ ‡‘Ž‹ ƒˆϐŽ—‡–ǡ ǯ‘‘ ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͷιͶʹǯǡ ͳͲ —‰—•– ͳͻ͸ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Descoings 9164 (BR,P,WAG); Kouilou: Kissanou. 4°15’S 13°30’E, 26 June 1984 (st), Zinga 106 (P); ±‘—‘—: ‹†ƒ„ƒ†‹•–”‹ –ǡ‡˜‹”‘•†‡ƒ••‹ƒ‡–‹‰ƒŽ‹Ǥ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͶιͲͶǯǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡSita 3230 (BR,P); ‹ƒ”‹: route Mossendjo, Mayoko Km 10. 2°53’S 12°40’E, 16 May 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A. 1312 (P); route Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°29.64’S 12°09.61’E. Alt: 480m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1325 (LBV,WAG); à 45 km environ de Komonom, Chantier SIDETRA route de Mossendjo près du village Nyanga. 3°08’S 12°56’E, 19 January 1968 (st), Bouquet, A. 2377 (P); Sangha: 15 km E of Kabo. 2°10.27’N 16°08.42’E, 19 August 2006 (st), Mbani, O.A. 6ȋǡ ȌǤʹιͳʹǤͺ͸ǯͳ͸ιʹ͵Ǥ͹͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹʹǡͳ͸’”‹ŽʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡNdolo Ebika 585 (E,IEC,WAG); Makamba Bai. 2°09.61’N 16°09.18’E, 27 June 2007 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9462 (E,IEC,WAG).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bandunduǣ Š—–‡†‡ƒ–ƒȋ™ƒ‰‘ȌǤ͹ιͶͲǯͳ͹ιʹͲǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡDujardin 418 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, May 1921 (fr), Vanderyst, H.J.R. 9437 ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—Ǥ ͶιͲ͹ǯ ͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ —‡ ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst, H.J.R. 9681 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, September 1921 (fr), Vanderyst, H.J.R. 10683 (BR); BasCongoǣ±•‡”˜‡†‡Žƒ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡCompère 173 (BR); Luki, pont de la Nkakala, —˜ƒ„ƒǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 806 (BR); Equateurǣ‡˜‹”‘†‡‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͲ͵ǯ 18°15’E, 1913 (fr), Broun s.n.ȋȌǢ‘—ƒǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͺιͶͳǯǡ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͶͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHulstaert 164 (BR); Eala. ͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLeemans, J. 371 (K,WAG); Botsima, station de recherche. 1°09’S 21°57’E, 4 March 1991 (fr), Dhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 854ȋȌǢ‘‘–‡ǤͲιͲ͸ǯʹͲιͲͺǯǡͳͻͶ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHulstaert 908 (BR); Wamba, 3.7 Materials and Methods zone de Djolu. 0°01’N 22°33’E, 3 December 1988 (fr), Nsola 1216 (BR); Bolili. 0°23’S 23°57’E, January 1939 ȋϐŽȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2040ȋȌǢƒ–•‹Ǧ‡‰‘ǡ„ƒ †‡Žƒ‘Ž‘‰ƒǤͲιͶͺǯʹͲι͵͵ǯǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2192 (K,WAG); Basankusu. 1°13’N 19°49’E, 19 September 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4823 (WAG); KasaiOrientalǣ ‹„‡Ž‡Ǥ ͶιͲ͹ǯ ʹʹιͷͲǯǡ ͳ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); Lusambo. 4°58’S 23°26’E, 1 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, É. s.n. (BR); Kinshasa: M’Vuasi (Thysville). 5°27’S 14°54’E, 30 January 1956 (fr), Dubois, J. 95 (WAG); Orientaleǣ‘„™ƒ•ƒǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGiorgi 677 (BR); Mobwasa. 2°40’N ʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡƒ›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGiorgi 852 (BR); Yangambi, le long de la rivière Isalowe. 0°46’N 24°30’E. Alt: 470m, 16 —‡ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9802 (BR); 15 km au Nord-Est de Yambao. 0°59’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 3 July 1939 ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 15456 (BR); 22 km à l’Est de Yangambi., 0°46’N 24°27’E, 23 September 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 16107 (BM,BR,K,P).    , Rio Muniǣ ‡•–Ǧˆ”‹ƒǣ •’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǤ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 104 (K); West-Afrika: •’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǤȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 120 (K); 9 July 1999 (st), Eneme Efua 415 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); West-Afrika: •’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǤȋϐŽȌǡTessmann 807 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 13 March 1997 (fr), Ngomo 2 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Chocolate. 1°46’N 10°16’E, 8 January ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡReeth 146 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 177 (BRLU); subida al ‘–‡Š‘ ‘Žƒ–‡ǡ–”ƒ•‡ –‘“—‡‡•–ž‡–”‡‘†—ž›‡Ž–”ƒ•‡ –‘†‡ ‘ƒ‰—‹ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͲιͳ͸ǯǡͳͶ—‰—•– 2001 (fr), Cabezas 205 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Mosumo., 1°37’N 10°02’E, 18 January ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡReeth 277 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Mosumo. 1°37’N 10°02’E, 19 January ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡReeth 288ȋȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž‡Ǥͳι͵͹ǯͳͲιͳ͸ǯǡͳͲ—‰—•–ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 438 (BRLU); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 195m, 15 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 452 (BRLU); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, 200 m au Sud du transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 1620 m du début du layon. 1°35.62’N 10°03.30’E. Alt: 410m, 4 March 2001 (fr), Senterre 631 (BRLU); région continentale. Parc Nat. Monte Alen, Mosumo, ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡ ‹‘ ƒƒ ƒ˜‡  ‹‘ „‹‹ ȏᇐ‹–‘ȐǤ ͳι͵͸ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͻͺ ȋˆ”Ȍǡ Obama 680 (BRLU); ƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž±ǣ•‡†ƒ“—‡˜ƒ†‡•†‡‡ŽŽƒ‰‘–‘Šƒ•–ƒƒ‘Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡ͸ —Ž›ͳͻͻͻȋˆ”Ȍǡ Pérez Viso 1342 (MA); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 11 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1769 (BRLU); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.49’N 10°04.53’E. Alt: 270m, 15 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1880 (BRLU); S. du parc National de Monte Alen, au Nord du Rio Lana, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Misergue. 1°26.18’N 10°13.16’E. Alt: 530m, 29 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 2098 (BRLU); S. du parc National de Monte Alen, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Esamalanas. ͳι͵ͳǤʹ͸ǯͳͲιͳʹǤ͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͶͲǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡSenterre 2124 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5 km à l’Ouest du village d’Engong. 1°37’N 10°18’E. Alt: 1100m, 11 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 2880 (BRLU); Parc ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž‡ǡ–”ƒ•‡ –†‡‘•—‘Ǥͳι͵͹ǯͳͲιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͲ͹ǡͳͳƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡParmentier 2930ȋȌǢ˜‹ƒ›‘‰Ǧ‹‡ˆƒ‰ǡ͵ʹǦ͵͵Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹ͹ǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 4598 ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ”“—‡ ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ †‡ ‘–‡ Ž±ǡ —„‹†ƒ ƒŽ ‹”ƒ†‘”Ǥ ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳͺǯǡ ͳ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲͳ ȋˆ”Ȍǡ Velayos 10024 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de monte Alen, km 0 à 1. 1°39’N 10°18’E, 11 July 1995 (fr), Lejoly 95/ 135 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°18’E, 22 September 1997 (fr), Lisowski 1559 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Rio Mbambala, campement Shimmer km 16 (entre Rio Muni et Monte Mitra)., 1°16’N ͻιͷͶǯǡʹʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡNguema Miyono 26 (BRLU); Ayamiken ( Reserva de Rio Campo). 2°07’N 10°01’E, 1 February 1997 (fr), Obama 33ȋȌǢ•–—ƒ‹”‡†—À‘—‹ǡ ‘Š‘ǤǡͳιͳͶǯͻιͷͶǯǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡ Nguema Miyono 131ȋȌǢ‘–‡‹–”ƒǤͳιʹ͵ǯͻιͷ͹ǯǡʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡObama 313 (BRLU); Alen ȋͳͷ‹Ž‡•ˆ”‘‘—–Š‘ˆ‹˜‡”‡‹–‘Ȍǡ‡ƒ”˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͻιͶ͸ǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 588 (G,Z); ‹–‘”ƒŽǣ‡†Œ‡Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPérez Viso 1630 (MA); Eyan Bot, Km 12 de la carreta del puerto a Kogo. 1°47’N 9°47’E, 26 July 2000 (fr), Pérez Viso 3564 (MA); Sendje à Ongamnsok. 1°22’N 9°58’E, 19 February 2001 (st), Lejoly 01/ 24 (BRLU); Sendje à Ongamnsok. 1°22’N 9°58’E, 19 February 2001 (st), Lejoly 01/ 52 (BRLU); ‹‘—‹ǡ‡Ž‡œƒ•: Eviam, Aconibe-Acurenam. 1°11’N 10°47’E, 7 March 2000 (fr), Pérez Viso 1773 (MA); Inselberg Dumu. Région continentale. 1°22’N 11°19’E. Alt: 750m, 15 January 1999 (st), Lejoly 99/ 346 (BRLU). , EstuaireǣͲιʹͷǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͺͲȋϐŽȌǡSoyaux 53 (K,P); Forest exploitation Leroy, 20 km N.W. ‘ˆ•‘ǤͲιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͷͲǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALK-B), J.J.F.E. de 237 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); ”›•–ƒŽ ‘—–ƒ‹•ǡ Ͷͳ͵ͷͲ ‘ –”ƒ•‡ – Ǥ Ͳιͷ͹ǯ ͳͲιͳͲǯǡ ʹͺ ‡„”—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mayombo-Nzengue 505 ȋȌǢ”›•–ƒŽ ‘—–ƒ‹•ǡ ͷʹͲͲ‘–”ƒ•‡ –ǤǡͲι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹ͸ǯǡʹ͵‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡNguema Miyono 3 ’Ǥ͹ͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥ͹ʹ 1435 (LBV,WAG); Secondary forest (Forêt de la Mondah), ca 10 km NNW of Libreville. 0°35’N 9°23’E, 22 April 1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2136 (WAG); route Libreville-Cap Estérias, savane entourée dela forêt., 0°41’N 9°40’E, ͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 2828 (LBV,MO,WAG); Monts de Cristal, 14 km de Kinguélé. 0°20’N 10°10’E, 20 January 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 4596 (P); Crystal Mountains, 5 km on road Kinguélé to Libreville. 0°24.7’N ͳͲιͳͷǤ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͹Ͳǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4728 (WAG); Mondah forest, military area S of Cap •–±”‹ƒ•ǡƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†–‘ƒ’‹Ž‹–ƒ‹”‡ǤͲι͵ͶǤͺͻǯͻιͳͻǤͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͲǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 5455 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains N.P., left bank of Mbei River opposite Kinguélé, in permanent Ha-plot 5 of Smithsonian. 0°27.35’N 10°16.84’E. Alt: 180m, 25 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7708 (WAG); Waterfalls above the hydroelectric power station at Kinguélé. 0°28’N 10°17’E. Alt: 200m, 21 November ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8920 (BR,LBV,M,P,PRE,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 25 km on the road KinguéléTchimbélé. 0°32’N 10°17’E. Alt: 340m, 20 January 1991 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10096 (LBV,MO,WAG); NW of ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ ‡ƒ” ”‘ƒ† –‘ ƒ’ •–‡”‹ƒ•Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯ ͻιʹͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳǡ ʹͻ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͹͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 11385 ȋ ȌǢ‰‘‡œ‘” ǡ•—”Ž‡ ƒ—–Ǧ‘‘ǤͲιͳ͵ǯͳͲιͳͻǯǡ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 26930 (P); ‰‘‡œ‘” ǡ •—” Ž‡ ƒ—–Ǧ‘‘Ǥ Ͳιͳ͵ǯ ͳͲιͳͻǯǡ ͹  –‘„‡” ͳͻͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 26980 (P); Haut‰‘‘—±ǣ’ƒ••ƒ‹˜‡”ǯ•‡†‰‡Ǥ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†„›„‘ƒ–ǤʹιͲ͹Ǥͷ͸ǯͳͶιͲͶǤͲͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶʹͲǡʹ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡ Bradley, A.F. 1100 (MO,WAG); 37 km road Okondja to Akiéni. 0°52.27’S 13°50.32’E. Alt: 440m, 3 February ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 6403 (LBV,WAG); 40 km on road Okondja to Akiéni, then 2 km on a new CEB forestry road heading East. 0°53.8’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 420m, 6 February 2008 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 6503 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͷǦͳͲ  ‘ˆ ‘—‰‘—Ǧƒ†‘—ƒ ƒ‹Ž™ƒ› –ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͳιͳͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡ ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 12508 (HBG,LBV,MO,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: 13 km E de Belle Vue. 0°35’S 10°37’E, 13 January ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDibata 39 (LBV,MO,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive nord de la ”‹˜‹°”‡‰‘—‹±ǤͲιͶͻǤͳʹǯͳͲι͵ͳǤ͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͺǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBidault 1056 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive sud de la rivière Ngounié. 0°48.85’S 10°29.88’E. Alt: 52m, 7 February 2013 (fr), Bidault 1080 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ezanga. Layon A nord. 1°07’S 10°14’E, 1991 (fr), Wilks 2447 (LBV,WAG); Missanga, 5-15 km NNW of Ndjolé. 0°05’S 10°45’E, 11 November 1991 ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 10384 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ͷǦͳͷ   ‘ˆ †Œ‘Ž±Ǥ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͷ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 10507ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǤͷǦ͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͻ’”‹ŽͳͻͻʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 10900ȋǡ ȌǢ ǤʹͲǦ͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 13114 (BR,E,HUJ,IEC,K,MA,MEL,MO,NY,PE,WAG,YA); ‰‘—‹±: Missionary station at Mouyanama 15 km on the road Mimongo - Mbigou (60 km along the road from Mbigou). 1°39’S 11°46’E. Alt: 690m, 6 February ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALK-B), J.J.F.E. de 418 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Waka National Park, Mt. Boutoumbe, lower slope. 1°14.8’S 11°08.7’E. Alt: 600m, 6 June 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 635 (LBV); après village Mavova, route du chantier forestier EGG. 2°19.04’S 11°56.47’E. Alt: 290m, 18 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1384 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.08’S 11°53.10’E. Alt: 411m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1399 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°16.78’S 11°52.65’E. Alt: 471m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1400 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°16.78’S 11°52.65’E. Alt: 471m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1401 (LBV,WAG); CFAD de Rimbunan Hijau, au Sud-Ouest du Parc National de la Lopé. 0°51.0’S 11°15.9’E. Alt: 375m, 28 January 2009 (fr), Dauby 1432 (BRLU,LBV,MO); E of Waka National Park, 29 km along the road from Mimongo village heading in SE direction. 1°10.58’S 11°19.82’E. Alt: 660m, 25 March 2007 (fr), Sosef 2548 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); E of Waka National Park, along the road from Mimongo village heading in SE direction. 1°09.83’S 11°19.67’E. Alt: 725m, 25 March 2007 (fr), Sosef 2552 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 10 km on the ”‘ƒ† ‘„‡› –‘ ƒ‘‰—‡ǡ ‰Šƒ„ƒ ‘—–ƒ‹Ǥ ͳιͲʹǤͲǯ ͳͳιͲʹǤ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸ͷͲǡ ʹͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wieringa, J.J. 4471ȋ ȌǢ Ǥͷ‘ˆ ‘„‡›ǤͳιͲͳǤͻǯͳͳιͲͳǤ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡ͵Ͳ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 4511 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Guidouma. 1°35’S 10°40’E, November 1924 (st), Le Testu 5132 (BM,BR,P); Echiras. 1°40’S 10°20’E, December 1925 (st), Le Testu 5840 (BM,BR,P); Moumba Côté Ouest. 1°15’S 11°35’E. Alt: 800m, 19 May 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 6061 (P); road from Mandji into CBG concession, 18   ‘ˆ ƒ†Œ‹ǡ ‡–‹‡” ‘–ƒ‹“—‡Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͲǯ ͳͲιͳ͸ǤͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͺǡ ͳͳ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Maas, P.J.M. 10234 (LBV,WAG); 35 km on the road Lebamba - Yéno., 300m, 1°58’S 11°25’E. Alt: 300m, 9 February 1991 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10473 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: Mayombe forest, summit, highest point in Mont Pelé mountain range 50 km south of Tchibanga. 3°19’S 11°09’E. Alt: 860m, 9 April 2009 (fr), Koenen, E.J.M. 118ȋǡ ȌǢ Šƒ–‹‡”͸ͷ‘ˆ‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹι͵͸ǯͳͲι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͺͲǡͳ͹ƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1008 (LBV,MO,NY,WAG); Moukalaba Doudou national park, chantier SFN. 2°38.08’S 10°32.66’E. Alt: ͵ͷͲǡͳ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡValkenburg 2757 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inventory, ca 50 km SSW of Doussala. 3.7 Materials and Methods 2°36’S 10°35’E. Alt: 480m, 14 April 1987 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 3237 (WAG); eastern slopes of Doudou‘—–ƒ‹•Ǥʹι͵ͲǯͳͲι͵͹ǯǡʹͲ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3370 (MA,WAG); Doudou Mountains, Chantier  Ǧƒ‡”ǤʹιͶʹǤ͹ǯͳͲιʹͷǤ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵Ͳǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 5827 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); 22 km along the road mayumba - Tchibanga, and then 12 km along a forest exploitation track leading in an eastern direction. Near the River Doussa. 3°16’S 10°46’E. Alt: 100m, 10 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9268 (MO,WAG); 48 km S.S.W. of Doussala. Culmination point of the road Doussala - Igotshi. 2°35’S 10°32’E. Alt: 420m, 19 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9489 (WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: 6 km du pont Offoué direction Lastoursville. 0°20’S 11°48’E, 3 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M. 38 (MO,WAG); réserve de la faune de la Lopé. 3 km sur la route vers Lopé. 0°20’S 11°30’E, 4 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M. 60 (LBV,MO,WAG); Šƒ–‹‡”Ǥ ǤǤ‡Žƒ›‘ǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡDibata 400 (LBV); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt: 282m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1023 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt: 282m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1025 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué ȋ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ ͲȌǤ Ͳιʹ͸Ǥʹǯ ͳͳιͷʹǤ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͺʹǡ ͷ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1026 (LBV,WAG); Lopé-route Nationale, 18 km de la sorite principale de la Lopé. 0°04.07’S 11°03.47’E. Alt: 240m, 9 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1091 (LBV,WAG); Inventory in chantier SOFORGA, Lopé-reserve. 0°30’S 11°33’E, 27 November ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2609ȋǡ ȌǢͳͲǤ‘ˆŒ‹†Œ‹ǤͲιͳͺǯͳͳιͶ͹ǯǡͳ͹ƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3432 (LBV,WAG); About 20-40 km NNE of Koumémayoung. 0°15’N 11°55’E, 12 April 1988 (fr), Breteler 8620 (LBV,WAG); Lopé Reserve, 29 km in Southern direction from Old Ayem Station. 0°17.1’S 11°27.1’E. Alt: ͳ͹Ͳǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11788 (BR,LBV,MO,SEGC,WAG); Reserve de Lopé-Okanda, 1 Ǥ‘ˆƒ’‡‡–ȋαʹ͸Ǥ‘ˆ›‡ȌǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 12423 (WAG); Ivindo, between river Sing and river Oua. 1°00’N 13°00’E, 14 September 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 596 (WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: Station de la Makandé. 0°40.7’S 11°54.6’E. Alt: 250 - 420m, 29 October ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDoucet, J.-.L. 442 (BR); Mont Iboundji. 1°09’S 11°47’E. Alt: 800 - 900m, 9 February 2000 (fr), Sosef 694 (LBV,WAG); camp Makandé, layon Heron 350. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 9 January 1994 (fr), Moungazi 1002 ȋȌǢͳͲ‘ˆ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡ ‘‰—‡Ǧˆˆ‘—‡ǤǡͲιͶͻǯͳͳιͷͶǯǡͳͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDibata 1186 (MO,WAG); Makandé, just NE of campsite. 0°40.8’S 11°54.8’E. Alt: 250m, 12 January 2001 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 4077 ȋǡǡ ȌǢͳͳˆ”‘ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤŠƒ–‹‡”ǡ‡ƒ”Š‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”•ǤͲιͷʹǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹͻͲǡ 16 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5486 (BR,G,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); c. 30 km ENE of Lastoursville, ‡ƒ•–‘ˆƒ„‹†‹‡ǡ͹Ǥͷ‘‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘”‘ƒ†ȀʹǤͲιͶ͵ǤͲǯͳ͵ιͲ͵ǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣʹͻͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7657 (WAG); Bambidie 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 29 April 1992 (fr), Breteler 11184ȋ ȌǢƒ„‹†‹‡͵Ͳ‘ˆƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͶͲǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǡͳƒ›ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 11214 ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͶͲ  ‘ˆ ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ ͲιͷͲǯ ͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 12606 (HBG,LBV,MO,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 22 January 1999 (st), Breteler 14739 (LBV,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 1 February 1999 (st), Breteler 14879 (LBV,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. Makande. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 13 February 1999 (st), Breteler 15049 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 55. 1°56’S 9°52’E. Alt: 30m, 29 December 1993 (fr), Haegens 212 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 55. 1°56’S ͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHaegens 214 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 9. 1°55’S ͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHaegens 264 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rambo Rabi, NW of Rabi site. 1°53.8’S 9°50.5’E, 13 November 1990 (st), Nek 297 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rambo Rabi, NW of Rabi site., 1°53.8’S 9°50.5’E, 13 November 1990 (fr), Nek 298 (WAG); Rabi Kunga. 1°55’S 9°52’E, 27 ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡBourobou 546ȋǡ ȌǢ‡ƒ”ƒ„‹Ǧ ‹ŽŽǤͳιͷͻǤͷǯͻιͷͳǤͲǯǡͳʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡNek 563 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Monts Doudou, W. of Doussala and Rés. de Faune de Moukalaba. 2°15’S 10°20’E. Alt: ͵͸ͲǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡArends 602ȋ ȌǢ‘— ƒǤͳιͶ͹ǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͻƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡBourobou 631 (K,LBV,P,WAG); Réserve des Monts Doudou, à ± 40 km sur la route à partir de Doussala, direction NordOuest. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt: 300m, 17 March 2000 (fr), Sosef 796 (LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord—‡•– †‡ ‘—••ƒŽƒǡ ƒ—–‘—” †— ƒ’‡‡– Ǥ ʹιͳ͵ǯ ͳͲιʹͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷʹͷǡ ͺ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Sosef 1162 (LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord-Ouest de Doussala, autour du campement II. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt: ͵͹ͷǡͳͲ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡSosef 1198 (LBV); Rabi-Shell concession, Rabi, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt: 56m, 24 January 2010 (fr), Dauby 2136 ȋǡǡȌǢ ƒ„‹ǦŠ‡ŽŽ ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡ Œ—•–  ‘ˆ ƒ„‹ ‘‹Ž ϐ‹‡Ž†Ǥ ͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2198 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Rabi, Divangui savannah. 1°57.3’S 10°00.0’E. Alt: 20m, 23 March 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2566 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„‹ ‘‹Ž ϐ‹‡Ž†ǡ 3 ’Ǥ͹͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥ͹Ͷ hectare plot, position in plot: 83E 34S. 1°55.65’S 9°52.42’E. Alt: 45m, 23 January 2005 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 5610 (BR,E,K,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); 30 km N.W. of Doussala, in the direction of Bongo. 2°12’S 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 16 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9389 (LBV,WAG); Rabi, near Camp. 1°55’S 9°50’E, 24 March 1990 (fr), Breteler 9422 (WAG); Rabi, near Shell camp. 1°57’S 9°53’E, 24 March 1990 (fr), Breteler 9473 (WAG); Ca 40 km N.N.W. of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9547 (BR,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ca 40 km N.N.W. of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9558ȋǡǡ ȌǢ͵‘ˆƒ„‹ƒ’ǤǡͶͲͳιͷ͸ǯͻιͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9914 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„‹ǡ Š‡ŽŽȀ ƒ„‘ǡ ‘‹Žϐ‹‡Ž†ǡ ™‡ŽŽ ‘ ͹Ǥǡ ͻͲǡ ͳιͷ͸ǯ ͻιͷʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ 90m, 23 January 1993 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10915ȋǡ ȌǢƒ„‹ǡŠ‡ŽŽȀ ƒ„‘ǡ‡ƒ”™‡ŽŽ‘͹ͺǡ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 10955 (B,BR,K,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); Rabi Ǧ ‘—‰ƒǤ ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͷͷǯǡ ͳͶ ƒ› ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Breteler 11443 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Crystal ‘—–ƒ‹•ǡ Š‹„±Ž±ǡ•—”•‡–‹‡”„‘–ƒ‹“—‡‡–”‡–”ƒ•‡ –‡–ȋ ”‘‹•‡‡––”ƒ•‡ –ȌǤǡͲι͵͹ǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡʹͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡMayombo-Nzengue 241 (LBV); Crystal mountains, 3 km E of Tchimbélé. 0°38’N 10°26’E. Ž–ǣͷ͵Ͳǡʹ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 297ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ‰™‡‹Ȁ„‡‹Ǧ‡Žƒ›‘‰‡–”‡ ƒ’͵ͷͷͲ‡–‘–˜‡‰•—”ǤǤǡͲιͷʹǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡMayombo-Nzengue 303 (LBV); 10 km Lalara - Makokou, than exploitation road along Okano River, upstream for c. 42 km. 0°33’N 11°42’E. Ž–ǣ͵ͺͲǡ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler; Wilde 459ȋǡ ȌǢ͸‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•– ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤͲιͶ͵Ǥͺǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͺǡ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 702 (LBV,WAG); 13 km SE of ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’–‘ƒ†‘—ƒƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯ ͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͻͲǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 733 (LBV,WAG); 14 km SE of Mitzic, road from  ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’ –‘ ƒ†‘—ƒƒ ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ͲιͶͳǤͻǯ ͳͳι͵ͺǤͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷͺͳǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 739 (LBV,WAG); 35 km NNE of Mitzic, 2 km from Bordamur forestry camp. 1°02.8’N 11°43.3’E. Alt: 545m, 8 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 770 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot II, Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E, 11 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 933 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 11 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 934 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 11 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 935 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot II, Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E, 12 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 947 (LBV,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 300m on transect C1., 0°36’N 10°25’E, 17 November 2000 (st), Nguema Miyono 1373 (LBV,WAG); ca 15 km NE of Oveng; Inventory. 0°44’N 11°22’E, ͳͳƒ›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2255 (WAG); Inventory Oveng; 25 km WSW of Mintsic. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 7 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2893 (MA,WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April 1990 ȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG). , Eastern Regionǣ ƒ†‡  ͸ιͲͺǯ Ͳιͷͷǯ ǡ ͵Ͳ ƒ› ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Enti GC 40265 (FHO,K,WAG); Western Region: 4°52’N 2°14’ W, June 1882 (fr), Burton s.n. (K).  , œ±”±‘”±ǣ‘ˆ‹ †‡ ‘‘ǤͺιʹͻǤͻͺǯͺιͷͶǤͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͳͷǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHaba, P.K. 646 (K,NHGC,WAG); Nimba Mountains, plot JRFL13, near Yah River. 7°35.33’N 8°27.75’ W. Alt: 649m, 11 December 2007 (st), Nimba Botanic Team JR 2003 (WAG). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͳǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDoorn 32 (WAG); 17 km ‘ˆ„‹†ŒƒǤǡͷιʹͳǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳ͸ƒ›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡVersteegh 64ȋ ȌǢ ƒ”†‹„‘–ƒ‹“—‡†ǯ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͲǯ ͶιͲͺǯǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡCremers 286ȋȌǢ ƒ”†‹„‘–ƒ‹“—‡†ǯ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳ͸ ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡCremers 360ȋȌǢ ƒ”†‹‘–ƒ‹“—‡†ǯ†‹ƒ’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲ͸ǯǡ͸—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ʹ (fr), Aké Assi 6234ȋ ȌǢ ƒ”†‹‘–ƒ‹“—‡†ǯ†‹ƒ’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲ͸ǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 6991 (G); Adiopodoumé, 17 km W Abidjan. Vers le petit sentier menant à l’hôtel de l’IDERT. 5°20’N 4°20’W, 14 ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7071 (P); ƒǦ±†”‘: route de Béréby, forêt à 3km de l’embranchement de la route Béréby-Grabo. 4°33’N 7°01’W, 5 June 1973 (fr), Aké Assi 12101 (G); Tabou: c. 15 km E of Tabou along road –‘ƒ‡†”‘ǤͶι͵ͳǯ͹ιͳͷǯǡͳͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDekker, A.J.F.M. 91 (WAG); route de Tabou, forêt près de Djiroutou. 4°25’N 7°22’W, 28 December 1985 (fr), Aké Assi 17202 (G). LIBERIA, ‹„ƒ: Valley between Mt Gangra and Mt Yuelliton. 7°33.92’N 8°38.22’W. Alt: 720m, 16 January 2009 (st), Jongkind 8516 (K,WAG); Nimba. 7°32’N 8°32’W. Alt: 600m, 4 March 1965 (st), Adam, J.-.G. 21092 ȋǡȌǢ ‡‡’ƒǤ‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‹„ƒǦˆ”ƒϐ‹†ƒǤ͹ιʹͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻ͹͵ȋ•–ȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 27556 (B,BR,WAG); between Mt Gangra and Mt Yuelliton, plot SNLF01. 7°33.36’N 8°38.02’ W. Alt: 715m, 13 January 2009 (st), Nimba Botanic Team NS 51 (WAG).   , Akwa-Ibom State: along the road from Orukun to James town. 4°42’N 8°16’E, 4 October 1964 3.7 Materials and Methods (fr), Daramola FHI 55281 (WAG); Cross River Stateǣ „ƒǤ ͷιͳ͹ǯ ͺι͵͵ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Talbot, P.A. 1282 (BM,K); South Eastern State. Ekinta River Forest Reserve. Northern part, between pillars 18 and 19., 4°58’N 8°35’E, ʹ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1467ȋ ȌǢ ‘ǡϐ‹‹˜‡”ˆ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡ƒ”ƒ„‘ƒƒǤͷιͷͺǯͺιͶʹǯǡ 9 December 1950 (fr), Keay FHI 28181 (K,P); Edo State: Jamieson River. 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 1577 (A,FHO); Okomu forest reserve. Compartement No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 14 February 1948 (fr), Brenan 9025 (BM,FHO,K). Key literatureǣ ƒ’• Ƭ ƒ””‘ ȋͳͻ͸͹Ȍǡ Š‡‡ ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡ š‡ŽŽ Ƭ ‡†‘­ƒ ȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ Farron (1963, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006). Campylospermum claessensii (De Wild.) Farron Fig. 4 Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea claessensii De Wild., Pl. ‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ Ͷǣ ͶͷͲ ȋͳͻʹͺȌǤ Ȃ ‡ –‘–›’‡ ȋ†‡•‹‰ƒ–‡† Š‡”‡Ȍǣ Claessens 338 (BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Batama, March 1921. Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with pale coloured bark. Stipules caducous, narrowly triangular, 3–7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–10 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-obovate to elliptic-obovate, ͳͳȂʹͷ š ͵ǤͷȂͻ cm, ratio ʹȂ͵, base cuneate, apex acuminate, coriaceous, bullate, upper side medium green, lower side paler green, ± glossy on both sides, margin serrulate; venation: midrib prominent on upper side, strongly prominent on lower side, main lateral veins 12–17 on either side, 8–22 mm apart, shallowly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side, at a right to oblique angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins Ͳ–͵‹„‡–™‡‡‡ƒ Š’ƒ‹”‘ˆƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•, sunken on upper side and prominent on lower sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, fairly distinct on upper side, distinct on lower. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched or sometimes unbranched, robust, lax, its main axis 21–26(–31) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; racemes, 0–3, 10–17(–29) cm long, ascendant; „”ƒ –• ’‡”•‹•–‡–ǡ –”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ʹȂͶ  Ž‘‰; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂʹͲǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: pedicel 8–12 mm long, articulated at 1–2 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͶȂ͸šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͷȂͳͲš͵ȂͶǡϐ‹”•–’ƒ–‡––Š‡‡”‡ –‘Ǧ patent; petals obovate, 9–10 x 5–7 mm, clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 cm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged to 3–5 mm wide; drupelets broadly ellipsoid, 7–8 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: The protologue cites two syntypes, one collected by Claessens and one by ‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ – •‡‡• Ž‘‰‹ ǡ ‹ Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡–›‘Ž‘‰›ǡ –‘ Š‘‘•‡ –Š‡ ϐ‹”•– ‘‡ ƒ• –Š‡ lectotype. C. claessensii is close to C. gabonense by having obovate leaves with shallowly sunken main lateral veins, persistent pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and persistent bracts. However, C. claessensii differs from C. gabonense by having a much Ž‘‰‡”ƒ†‘”‡Žƒš‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǡ’‡†‹ ‡Ž•ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‹‰ƒ–‘Ž›ͳǦʹˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡ as well as caducous and smaller stipules. 3 ’Ǥ͹ͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥ͹͸ Distribution: endemic to the eastern half of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Maniema, North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale provinces) (Map 4). Ecology: in high primary and secondary forest, swamp forest; at 470–800 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ ƒŽŽ ‘–Š• except for February and May; fruits observed in March, June, October and December. Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‡’—„Ž‹  of the Congo: Kashindabakoi (lega). IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀ ʹƒ„ȋ‹ǡ‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤαͳͶͺǡ͸Ͳͻ2ǡα͸ͷǡ͸ͻͻ km2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͹ǡ •—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αʹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα ͸Ͷ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ‘Ž› ‘™ from 18 collections, the most recent one is from 1989, and some collections fall into two protected areas (Maiko NP and collaborative Fishery Management Area). Thus, although endemic to the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, it does not seem to be under severe threat and the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. A B Figure 4. Campylospermum claessensii. A. Flower buds. B. Flowering branch. Specimens examined:   ȋ  Ȍ, Equateur: Beond‘ ȋ‘ƒ‹ȌǤ ͳιͶʹǯ ʹͷιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bamps 577 (BR); Maniema: Pangi (Maniema). 3°11’S 26°38’E, 24 June 1942 (fr), Michelson, A. 35 (BR); Parc National de la ƒÃ‘ǡͶͷƒ—‘”††‡—„—–—ǡ±±Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰—‡––ƒ„‡Ǥ 0°20’S 26°40’E, 2 June 1977 (st), Lejoly 1792ȋȌǢ——ƒǤ͵ιͶ͸ǯʹ͸ιʹͶǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 5887 ȋȌǢ‘›‡‰‘–‡””‹–‘‹”‡‹†—ǤʹιͶͺǯʹ͸ιͳʹǯǡͳͺ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 5917 (K,US,WAG); route de ‘„ƒ‰ƒǦƒ”‘‘ǡ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ„‘‹ǤͶιʹ͹ǯʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡ —‡ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGermain, R.G.A. 7897 (BM,BR); Maniéma, près de Mengwé (à 53 km au N.W. de Lubutu)., 0°29’S 26°18’E, 6 December 1981 (st), Lejoly 81/ 534 (BR); Maniéma, près de Mengwé (à 53 km au N.W. de Lubutu)., 0°29’S 26°18’E, 6 December 1981 (fr), Lejoly 81/ 541 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: Nyamakombola. 1°41’S 28°09’E, 23 October 1989 (fr), Terashima 152 (BR); Kabunga. 1°42’S ʹͺιͲͻǯǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 1726 (K,WAG); Musenge, territoire Walikale. 1°38’S 28°16’E. Alt: ͺͲͲǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLéonard, A. 2148 (BR,P); entre Walikale et Lubutu. 1°05’S 27°20’E, 3 January ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 6604 (BR); Orientaleǣƒ–ƒƒǤͲιͷ͵ǯʹ͸ι͵ͺǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 338 (BR,WAG); Wanierukula, km 60 rivière Maïko. 0°11’N 25°32’E, 20 March 1981 (fr), Mosango 495 (BR); North-East of ‹•ƒ‰ƒ‹ȋ–ƒŽ‡›˜‹ŽŽ‡ȌǤͲι͵ͷǯʹͷιͳͷǯǡʹͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡCroockewit 709 (WAG); village Yabwesu‰‡–‘ ȋƒ•Ǧ‘ƒ‹ȌǤ Ͳι͵ͺǯ ʹ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳ͵ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Germain, R.G.A. 8747 (BR); Yangambi, sources de Žƒ‘Š‘†‡ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13258 (BR); Sud-Kivu: Urega. 2°30’S ʹ͹ι͵Ͳǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 5730 (BR,P). Key literatureǣ Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). 3.7 Materials and Methods Campylospermum congestum (Oliv.) Farron Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Gomphia congesta Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 322 (1868). – Ouratea congestaȋŽ‹˜ǤȌ‰ŽǤ‡š ‹Ž‰‹‰ŽǤƬ”ƒ–ŽǤǡƒ–ǤϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ ed. 1, III, 6: 142 (1893). – Exomicrum congestum (Oliv.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 16: 338 (1902). – Type: Mann s.n (holotype: K!), Sierra Leone. Treelet —’–‘ʹ–ƒŽŽǡ with branched trunk, twigs with brown coloured bark. Stipules persistent, triangular to narrowly triangular, 2–6 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–8 mm long; leaf blade elliptic or elliptic-obovate to narrowly elliptic, 6–20(–25) x (2–)3–6(–8) cm, ratio ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous, slightly bullate, margin serrulate but entire towards the base, upper side medium green, lower side paler green; midrib ’”‘‹‡–‘—’’‡”•‹†‡ǡϐŽƒ––‡‡†„‡‡ƒ–Š, main lateral veins ͳʹȂʹͲ on either side, ͷȂʹͲƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on upper side, ϐŽƒ––‘•ŠƒŽŽ‘™Ž› impressed beneath, at a slightly acute to right angle with the midrib but curved upward to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each pair of main lateral veins, less prominent, tertiary venation scalariform, ‘•‹•–‹‰‘ˆ˜‡”›ϐ‹‡ƒ†’ƒ”‡ŽŽ‡Ž˜‡‹•, distinct to slightly so above, slightly distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, compact, unbranched or occasionally with a few short racemes at the base, its main axis 3–12(–15) cm long; ”ƒ ‡‡• ͲȋȂʹȌǡ ͳȂʹ  Ž‘‰; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle persistent, triangular, 3–5 mm long; bracts caducous; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ ƒ’ƒ”–, ʹȂ͸ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: pedicel ͶȂͳͳ, articulated at the very base; sepals ovate, in ϐŽ‘™‡” ͶȂ͸ š ʹȂ͵ ǡ ‹ ˆ”—‹– ͷȂ͹ š ͵  ƒ† ’ƒ–‡– –‘ ‡”‡ –‘Ǧ’ƒ–‡–ǡ „ƒ•‡ ”‘—†‡†ǡ apex obtuse; petals obovate to broadly spathulate, ͷȂͳͲšͶȂͺ, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 3–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle Ǥʹšͳ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ Ǥ͵šʹ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳȂ͵™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡””‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ǡ globose, 5–6 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons ‹ —„‡–ǡά•‹‹Žƒ”‹•‹œ‡Ǥ Notesǣ Š‡ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ “—‹–‡ ”‡‹‹• ‡– ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‘ˆ C. squamosum by looking at the serrulate margin and prominent main laterals on the upper side. However, ‹–• ‘’ƒ –ǡ•Š‘”–ƒ†‘ˆ–‡•‹’Ž‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡”‡ƒ†‹Ž›†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡•‹–ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ––‡” ™Š‹ ŠŠƒ•ŽƒšǡŽ‘‰ƒ†ƒ— ŠǦ„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ‹C. squamosum the tertiary venation is more distinct and even prominent on the lower surface, while the pedicel is articulated well above the base. See also the note under C. squamosum. Distribution: West Africa, from Guinea to western Ivory Coast (Map ͸). Ecology: in primary and secondary, high, disturbed forest, along streams; at 15–1248 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ”‡š ‡’–ˆ‘” —‡ƒ† —Ž›Ǣˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ ƒ—ƒ”›–‘ May and in September. Uses: The Mende people of Sierra Leone crush the leaves and then put it on the cut of a palm that has just been tapped to keep off bees who would otherwise drink the palmsap (Burkill, 1997). 3 ’Ǥ͹͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ αͳͳͺǡͻͺͳ 2ǡ αͺͻǡ͸ʹͻ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵͵ǡ •—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αͻ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͸ͻ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• •‡‡• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ scattered occurrence while some subpopulations occur in Forest Reserves such as Sangouine (Ivory Coast), Kpelle (Liberia), Lorma (Liberia) and Mont Tonkoui (Guinea). Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned. 3 ’Ǥ͹ͺ ƒ’͸. Distribution of Campylospermum congestumȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum costatum ( ) Specimens examinedǣ  , Kindia: Basse-Guinée, région de Forécariah. 9°26’N 13°06’W, May 1950 (st), Schnell 5513 (P); œ±”±‘”±ǣ–Ǥ‘‘ǡŽ‘– ͳǤͺιͲͳǤͲǯͻιͲ͵Ǥ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͷͳʹǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 814 (WAG); ‹„ƒ‘—–ƒ‹•ǡ’Ž‘–  ͲͶǤ͹ι͵ͻǤͳ͹ǯͺιʹʹǤ͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͶͺǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡNimba Botanic Team JR 1058 (WAG). IVORY COAST, Manǣˆ‘”²–†‡ƒ‰‘—‹‡Ǥ͹ιͳͺǯ͹ιͶͺǯǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡBamps 1933 (BR); forêt classée ƒ‰‘—‹‡Ǥ͹ιͳͺǯ͹ιͶͺǯǡͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBamps 2189 (BR); Mont Tonkoui. 7°22’N 7°42’W, January 1950 ȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 4049ȋȌǢ‘–‘‘—‹Ǥ͹ιʹʹǯ͹ιͶʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 4090 (P). LIBERIA, ǣͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡCook, O.F. 129 (US); Bongǣ͹ιͲͲǯͻιʹͻǯǡͳͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLinder, D.H. 624 (A,K); Gbanga. 7°00’N 9°29’W, 19 September 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 625 (K); Gbarpolu: Kpelle Forest. ƒ•–‘ˆ ƒ‹’ƒǤ͹ιʹͲǤʹǯͳͲιʹͲǤʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 10140 (BR,MO,WAG); Kpelle ‘”‡•–Ǥ‘—–Š‘ˆ ƒ‹’ƒǤ͹ιͳͺǤʹǯͳͲιʹͲǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͶͲǡͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 10206 (BR,WAG); Grand Cape MountǣͶ‹Ž‡•‘ˆ‡––Ž‡‡–‘ˆ‹‡ ‘’ƒ›Ǥ͹ιʹʹǯͳͳιͲ͸ǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Jansen, J.W.A. 1779 (BR,MO,WAG); Genna Tanyehun 7°15’N 10°44’W, 21 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr, J.T. 10757 (K); Grand Gedehǣ—–— ‹ŽŽ•ǡƒ•–ƒ‰‡ǤͷιͶͳǤͳǯͺιͲͺǤʹǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹ͷǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9158 (MO,WAG); Lofaǣ„‡–™‡‡‹ƒ„—œ—ƒ†‹‰‹†ƒǤͺιͲͷǯͻι͵ʹǯǡ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͶͶȋϐŽȌǡBequaert (Liberia series) 122 (A,K); Kpelle National Forest 58 miles E of Bopolu. 7°40’N 10°05’W, 18 January 1978 (st), Gier 189 (MO,WAG); ‘”–Š‘ƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‡•–ǤͺιͲʹǯͻιͶͶǯǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 6782 (WAG); between Ziggida and –‘‡‰‹•‹ǤͺιͲʹǤͲǯͻιʹͻǤ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͵Ͳǡͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJongkind 9391 (FHO,WAG); South-west of Ziggida. 8°01.3’N 9°30.1’W. Alt: 490m, 15 February 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9523 (WAG); Montserrado: Kakatown. ͸ι͵ʹǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWhyte, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡStraub, F.C. 52 (US); near Firestone plantation. 6°16’N 10°20’W, ȋϐŽȌǡWarner, R.M. 94ȋȌǢ ‹”‡•–‘‡Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ǡ†‹˜‹•‹‘͵͵Ǥ͸ιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop - v.d. 131ȋǡ ȌǢ—™‹ƒ‹˜‡”ǡ͸ιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡCooper, G.P. 162 (A,BM,FHO,K,US); Du River. ‹”‡•–‘‡Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘‘Ǥ͵Ǥ͸ιʹͲǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡʹ—‰—•–ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 217 (A); New University Arboretum 3.7 Materials and Methods ‹–‡͵Ͳˆ”‘‘”‘˜‹ƒǤ͸ιʹͶǯͳͲι͵ͻǯǡʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡHarten 223 (WAG).  , ǣʹ͹ƒ” Šͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMarmo 218 (K); ǣͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡMarmo 221 (K); ǣͳͻͳͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 8666 (K); Eastern Province: Gola North FR (Garua). 7°16’N 11°18’W, ʹͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡBakshi 39ȋȌǢ‹‹‹ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥͺι͵ͲǯͳͳιͲͺǯǡͳʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡFox, J.E.D. 44 ȋȌǢ‘™‡”‡ƒ„‘‹ǡƒ„—‹ ‹ŽŽ• ǤǤ͹ιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡSamai, S.K. 286 (K); Bobobu near ‹‡™ƒŠ—ȋ—‹ƒȌǤ͹ι͵ͷǯͳͳιͳͲǯǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 3812 (K); Kenema., 7°52’N 11°12’W, 20 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7557ȋȌǢ‡‡ƒǤǡ͹ιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7730 (K); ‘”–Š‡””‘˜‹ ‡ǣ‘‹‡•–‡”Ǥǡ͹͸ͺιʹ͵ǯͳͳιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5287 ȋ ȌǢ‘‹‡––ƒǤǡ͹͸ͺιʹʹǯͳʹιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5364 (K); Ronietta., 76m ͺιʹʹǯͳʹιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5656 (K); Magbile., 15m 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt: ͳͷǡ‡ ‡„‡”ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5984 (K); Southern Province: Gola forest. 7°16’N 11°18’W, 30 December ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡKing, E.L. 113ȋȌǢ‹‹ǡƒŠƒƒ”‘ƒ†Ǥ͹ιͳͻǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.G. 128 (FHO); ‘”ƒŠ—ǤͺιͳͲǯͳͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 453 (K); Western Area: Heddles Farm (Colomguli). ͺι͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡƒ›ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡLane-Poole 117 (K). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Johnston & Stapf (1906). Campylospermum costatum (Tiegh.) Biss. ‹‰Ǥͷ Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Monelasmum costatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 8, Bot., 16: 333 (1902). – Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f.) var. costatum (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Type: Zenker 1762 (holotype: P(2x)!; isotype: B!, COI!, G!, K!, L!, LY!, S!, WAG(2x)!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898. Ouratea bracteata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 264 (1904). – Type: Staudt 161 (holotype: B†; isotype: BR(x2)!, E!, P!), Cameroon, Lolodorf. Tree up to 6 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with pale coloured bark. Stipules persistent to caducous, triangular to narrowly so, 4–10 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–7 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, ȋͳͳȂȌͳͶȂ͵ͷȋȂͶ͸Ȍ šȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͳʹȋȂͳͷȌ , ratio ͵Ȃ͵Ǥͷ, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous, not bullate, margin regularly serrate, teeth with a dark tip, upper side glossy, dark green, lower side glossy, medium green; midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 10–25 on either side, 10–20(–40) mm apart, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but curved upward, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 1 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform to reticulate, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, ‘–‘’‘ˆƒ˜‡”›”‘„—•–ϐŽƒ––‡‡†–™‹‰ǡ„”ƒ Š‡†ǡŽƒš–‘ˆƒ‹”Ž›†‡•‡, its main axis ȋͶȂȌͷȂͳͺ Ž‘‰;”ƒ ‡‡•͵Ȃ͸ǡȋʹȂȌ͸Ȃ͹ȋȂͳ͵Ȍ Ž‘‰, the axes ϐŽƒ––‡‡†; pairwise scales present at the base of the peduncle, triangular; bracts caducous, ovate, 1.5-4 mm long; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͵Ȃ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡Ž ͵Ǧ͹  Ž‘‰ǡ •–‘—–, articulated at ͳȂʹˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹ȂͺšʹȂͶǡ in fruit up to 10 x 5 mm and erecto-patent, base rounded, apex acute; petals obovate, ͹ȂͻšͶȂͷ, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style 4–6 mm long, Fruit: receptacle 4–6 mm wide; drupelets 3–5 well developed per receptacle, globose to broadly ellipsoid, c. 6–8 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons 3 ’Ǥ͹ͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon. 3 ’ǤͺͲ Notes: C. costatum was judged to be a mere variety of C. vogelii by Farron (1965, 1985), „—– ™‡ ˆ‘—† •—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡– Šƒ”ƒ –‡”• –‘ ”ƒ‹•‡ ‹– –‘ •’‡ ‹‡• Ž‡˜‡ŽǤ – ƒ‹Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ C. vogelii„›‘ˆ–‡Šƒ˜‹‰Ž‘‰‡”ƒ†„”‘ƒ†‡”Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ǡƒ•–‘—–’‡–‹‘Ž‡ǡƒ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ •‹––‹‰‘–‘’‘ˆƒ”‘„—•–ƒ†ϐŽƒ––‡‡†–™‹‰ƒ†‘ˆ–‡•Š‘”–‡”ƒ†•–‘—–’‡†‹ ‡Ž•Ǥ Distributionǣ ˜‘”›‘ƒ•–ǫȋ‘Ž›‘‡†‘—„–ˆ—Ž collection), Central African Republic (Sangha„ƒ±”±Ȍǡ ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ Gabon, Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͸). Ecology: secondary forest, degraded and exploited forest; at 100–700 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ‹ ƒ” Šǡ ’”‹Žǡ ƒ† from September to November; fruiting from March to May, and in October and November. IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͷͺͶǡʹʹͲ km2ǡ αͳǡ͵͸͸ǡ͸ͳͲ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵Ͷ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͵ͷʹ ȌǤ ‹–Š –Š‡ †‘—„–ˆ—Ž ‘—–Ž‹‡” specimen from Ivory Coast excluded, these ϐ‹‰—”‡• ƒ”‡ αͷͷ͵ǡͺͷʹǡ αʹͲ͵ǡͲ͸͵ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹͻȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳʹͶǤͻͺͳȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š some populations might well be under threat (notably the large one around Lastoursville (Gabon), where logging companies operate), its preference for secondary habitats probably renders it less susceptible to logging. Even around Lastoursville, it was still present in 2009 and, moreover, it has a large distribution ‹‰—”‡ͷǤ Campylospermum costatum. Flowering area. Thus, the category of Least Concern branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani seems most appropriate here. Specimens examined: , Central Province: 40 km au SW sur la route de Makak. Réserve forestière d’Ototomo. 3°44’N 11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (st), Farron 7348ȋȌǢ͸†‡ƒ†ƒǤͷιͲͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǡʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡRaynal 10685 (P); South Provinceǣ ‘ŠƒǦŽ„”‡ Š–•ŠYŠ‡ǡ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹ͵ƒ” ŠͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡStaudt 161 ȋȌǢ ƒ‘—†‡Ǥ ͵ιͲͳǯ ͳʹιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻͳͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bates, G.L. 1388 (BM); Bipindi, bei Copenjang. 3°05’N 10°25’E. Alt: 400m, May 1898 (fr), Zenker 1762 (B,BM,COI,G,K,L,LY,S,WAG); South-West Province: Ikilliwindi, mile 14, north of Kumba on Mamfe road. 4°45.0’N 9°29.0’E. Alt: 250m, 4 March 1987 (fr), Etuge 501 (MO,US,WAG); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°30.6’N 9°22.8’E. Alt: 131m, 2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1270ȋǡ ǡȌǢ‡ƒ”—„ƒǤͶι͵͸ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡͳʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 4687ȋǡǡǡȌǢ•‘—–Š‘ˆƒ”‘‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͷιͳͶǯͻιͳͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷͲǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 7487 (BR,MO,WAG).      , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N 16°25’E, 9 February 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 4546 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N 16°25’E, 16 February 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 4644 (E); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°47’N 3.7 Materials and Methods 16°25’E, 19 May 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4886 (E,WAG).  ȋ Ȍ, Pool: île M’Bamou, près de Moutou ya N’Gombé. 4°13’S 15°25’E, November 1967 ȋϐŽȌǡSita 1920 (P).  ȋ  Ȍ, BandunduǣŒ—ƒǤ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳ͹ιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲʹȋϐŽȌǡGillet, J. 2722 (BR); Maniema: Malela. Ͷιʹʹǯʹ͸ιͲͺǯǡͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͻȋϐŽȌǡVermoesen 1302 (BR).    , Rio Muni, Centro Surǣ‘–‡Ž‡ǤͳιͶͲǯͳͲιͳ͹ǯǡͳʹƒ” Šͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 90 (BRLU). , Estuaireǣ˜‹”‘•†‡‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡͲιʹͷǯͻιʹ͹ǯǡʹͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡKlaine 141 (P); Environs †‡‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ͳιʹͷǯͻιʹ͹ǯǡͳͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͺͻͺȋϐŽȌǡKlaine 195 (P); Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, 12 September 1898 (fr), Klaine 1318 (P); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Lekoko forest exploitation, 60 km SSW of Moanda. ʹιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͲͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͲͲǡ ͳʹ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Breteler 6852 (WAG); ‰‘—‹±: W of road Fougamou to Yombi. 1°21.8’S 10°37.1’E. Alt: 100m, 31 October 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3004 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Ivindoǣ ‘’‡ ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ Ž‘– ͶǤ Ͳιͳͷǯ ͳͳιͶͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ʹͶ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ White, L.J.T. 1075 (MO,SEGC,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: ± 70 km N.W. of Lastoursville, along rd. to Achouka, old forest along Lolo R. near Wagny settlement., 250m, 0°36’S 12°19’E. Alt: 250m, 13 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 653 (WAG); ͵͸ƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǧ‘—ƒ†ƒǤǡͶ͹ͷǡͳιͲͶǯͳʹιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹ͷǡʹͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler; Wilde 781ȋ ȌǢƒ„‹†‹‡ǡ ‹” —‹–ͳ†—•‡–‹‡”‘–ƒ‹“—‡ǡ„ƒ•‡Ǥǡʹ͹ͷǡͲιͶͶǯͳʹιͷͺǯǤŽ–ǣ 275m, 13 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 831 (LBV,WAG); Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 853 (LBV,WAG); route vers Milolé. 0°30’S 12°42’E. Ž–ǣͶͳ͵ǡͳ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 872 (LBV,WAG); 22 km on road Lastoursville to Koulamoutou. 0°56.6’S 12°37.4’E. Alt: 280m, 15 November 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3186 (WAG); 10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway Bridge, E - W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November 1988 (fr), Maesen L.J.G. van der 5599 (BR,G,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); N of main road Lastoursville-Moanda, chantiers EGG, 31 km SE of ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡͳʹ‘ˆˆƒ‹”‘ƒ†ǤͲιͷͺǯͳʹιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͻͲǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5701 (LBV,WAG); Chantier SFM. 10 km E off main road, 51 km Lastoursville to Moanda. 1°10’S 13°00’E, 28 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5904 (WAG); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, October 1929 (st), Le Testu 7535 (P); region de Lastoursville, Bidyabiki. 1°43’S 12°20’E, September 1930 (st), Le Testu 8400 (BM,P); 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 21 November 1991 (fr), Breteler 10638 (WAG); 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 30 November 1991 (fr), Breteler 10835 (LBV,WAG); road from Lastoursville –‘‘†Œƒǡͻ‘ˆ†ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳ͹ǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 13224 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); east of ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ‡ƒ”ƒ„‹†‹‡ǡǤǤǤ Šƒ–‹‡”ǤͲιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ιͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷͲǡͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 16632 (MO,WAG); east of Lastoursville, near Bambidie, C.E.B. chantier. 0°45’S 13°03’E. Alt: 250m, 25 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 16695 (MO,WAG). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 2754 (MO,WAG). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Johnston & Stapf (1906). Campylospermum †‡•‹ϐŽ‘”— (De Wild. & T.Durand) Farron Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”ƒDe Wild. & T.Durand, Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., sér. 3, 1: 37 (1901). – Exomicrum †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (1902). – Monelasmum †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (1903). – Gomphia †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”ƒ (De Wild. & T.Durand) Verdc., Ochnaceae, Fl. trop. E. Africa: 50 (2005). – Type: Dewèvre s.n. (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. schweinfurthii Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 81 (1893). – Monelasmum schweinfurthii (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (1902). – Type: Schweinfurth 3169 (holotype: K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kussumbo im Lande der Monbuttu, March 16th, 1870. Ouratea coriacea De Wild. & T.Durand, Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., ser. 3, 1: 36 (1901). – 3 ’Ǥͺͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͺʹ Exomicrum coriaceum (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (1902). – Type: Dewèvre 795 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, entre Lukolela et Gombe, February 17th, 1896. Exomicrum grandifolium Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 172 (June 1907). – Type: Chevalier 6922 (holotype: P!), Tchad, Ndellé, térritoire du Chari, December 25th, 1902. Monelasmum coriaceum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (June 1907). – Gomphia coriacea (Tiegh.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 91(1998). – Type: Chevalier 7318 (holotype: P!), Tchad, Mbélé, territoire du Chari, January 20th, 1903. Ouratea laevis De Wild. & T.Durand var. ipamuensis‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͶͺʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ – Lectotype (designated here): Vanderyst 10997 (BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ipamu, August 1921. Campylospermum katangense Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Type: Young 127a (holotype: BM!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Katanga (Shaba), Dilolo, July 20th, 1932. syn. nov. Tree, erect or rarely scandent, —’ –‘ ʹͲ  –ƒŽŽ; „‘Ž‡ —’ –‘ ͺ  ‹ †‹ƒ‡–‡”ǡ with branched trunk; twigs with dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, ȋʹȂ ȌͶȂͻ  Ž‘‰. Leaf: ’‡–‹‘Ž‡ ͷȂͳʹ  Ž‘‰, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic-obovate, (10–)19–32(–36) x (2.5–)7–9(–12) cm, ratio ʹȂ͵ȋȂͶȌ, base rounded to cuneate, apex blunt to acuminate, coriaceous, not bullate, glossy above, slightly glossy below, margin regularly serrulate; ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‘άcanaliculate towards the base above, prominent beneath, main lateral veins ͳͲȂͳͷ on either side, ͳͲȂͶͲƒ’ƒ”–, mostly indistinct above, distinct on the lower side, at a ± right angle with the midrib, curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–5, distinct on the lower side, tertiary venation scalariform, indistinct above, slightly distinct to distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or sometimes axillary, branched, fairly lax its main axis (5–)10– 26(–32) cm long, more or less angular, robust; ”ƒ ‡‡• ʹȂ͹ǡ ȋ͵ȂȌ͸Ȃʹ͵ȋȂ͵ͲȌ  long, ascendant; pairwise scales caducous; bracts caducous, sometimes leafy, elliptic, 5–8 x 2–3 cm; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ  apartǡͳȂͻȋȂͳ͸ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel ͹Ȃͳͷ, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ȋʹȂȌͶȂͷȋȂ͹Ȍˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡; sepals ovate to elliptic, 6–7 x 3–4 mm ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͺȂͳͳšͶȂͷ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ‡”‡ –‘Ǧ’ƒ–‡–Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ͸ȂͳͳšͶȂͺǡbase without or with a broad claw, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style 5–7 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͸šͷ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–10 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— is similar to C. dybovskii, but differs by having a distinct though not or slightly prominent main lateral veins on the lower leaf surface. It also differs from C. dybovskii„›‹–•Š‹‰ŠŽ›„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Šƒ˜‹‰ƒƒ‰—Žƒ”’‡†— Ž‡Ǥ The material described as C. katangense only differs from C. †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— by its smaller 3.7 Materials and Methods Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ƒ†”‡†— ‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ –‹•Š‡”‡”‡‰ƒ”†‡†ƒ•ƒ†‡’ƒ—’‡”ƒ–‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ––‡”Ǥ The material cited by De Wildeman (1929) under his new variety ipamuensis (within Ouratea laevis) belongs to three different species (Ǥ †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”—ǡ Ǥ †›„‘˜•‹‹ and C. plicatum, see also Farron, 1967). By choosing a lectotype here, we solved this situation, ƒ†•‹–Š‡ƒ‡‹–‘–Š‡•›‘››‘ˆ–Š‡ϐ‹”•–Ǥ Distributionǣƒ‡”‘‘ǡ‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  Republic of the Congo, north-eastern Angola, southern Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Burundi, Tanzania and northern Zambia (Map ͹). 3 ’Ǥͺ͵ ƒ’͹. Distribution of Campylospermum †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest, dry and gallery forest, savannah and montane forest, seasonal swamp forest, along rivers and streams, near waterfalls; on yellow-brown or grey clay soil; at 300-2000 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹ȌǤ αͶǡͲ͵ͳǡͲͶͲ 2ǡ α͵ǡͻ͸ͷǡͻͷͲ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͺͶ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹͺʹ ȌǤ Š‡ •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ™‡ŽŽ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† ‹ Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒ ȋ™‡ studied 253 collections) suggesting it is fairly common. It has been collected in various protected areas such as Odzala National Park (Republic of the Congo), Loango National Park and Plateaux Batéké (Gabon), Dzanga-Sangha National Park (Central African Republic), Virunga National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Budongo Forest Reserve (Uganda), etc. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined:  A, —†ƒ‘”–‡: Lunda: Dunda, R. Dundundo. 7°24’S 20°50’E, 12 August 1932 (fl), Young, R.G.N. 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͺͶ 456 ȋǡ ȌǢ —†ƒǣ —†ƒǡ Ǥ ƒƒ“—‡•‘Ǥ ͹ιʹͶǯ ʹͲιͷͲǯǡ ͳ͵ —‰—•– ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋˆŽȌǡ Young, R.G.N. 503 (BM,COI); Murhura. 7°24’S 20°50’E, 17 June 1948 (fl), Gossweiler 14107 (B,K,US).  , Bururi: Kigwena Kitamba. 4°10’S 29°32’E. Alt: 820m, 9 November 1969 (fl), Lewalle 4017 (BM); 4°10’S 29°31’E. Alt: 800m, 20 April 1980 (st), Reekmans 8939 (EA). , East Province: Ngoko. 1°56’N 15°39’E, September 1899 (fr), Schlechter 12754 (BR); ‘”–Š Province: riv. Amiya, 28 km Nord de Bessow. 6°43’N 14°51’E, February 1916 (fl, fr), Tisserant 221 (P); South Province: 17 km on the road from Ebolowa to Minkok. 2°58’N 11°17’E. Alt: 500m, 29 July 1975 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E.de 8394 (B,BR,EA,K,LG,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); près de Nloubessa Boulou, 60 km †ǯ„‘Ž‘™ƒȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ„‘Ž‘™ƒȌǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳͳιͶͲǯǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋˆŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 9909 (K).      , Bamingui-Bangoran: Sangba. 7°40’N 21°00’E. Alt: 500m, 18 April 1992 (fr), Peeters, J. 239 (BR); 3.5 km S. of Camp Koumbala on Koumbala river. 8°29’N 21°23’E. Alt: 580m, 3 February 1983 (fl), Fay, J.M. 4190 (K); Territoire du Haut Oubangui, Dar Banda Kaga, Babidja. 7°51’N 20°14’E, 8 December 1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6707 (K,P); Ndelle. 8°25’N 20°38’E, 19 December 1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6890 (P); Ndelle. 8°25’N 20°38’E, 20 December 1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6922 (P); Pays de Senoussi, Haute Chari Oriental, galerie de la Gounda. 8°14’N 21°02’E, 20 January 1903 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 7318 (P); Parc Manovo-Gounda-St. Floris, vicinity of Camp Koumbala. 8°29’N 21°12’E, (fr), Fay, J.M. 8371 (US); Haut-Mbomou: environs d’Obo, entre le Bac de la Ouarra et PK 36 sur la route de Djemah. 5°20’N 26°27’E, 28 December 1963 (fl, fr), Descoings 12046 (P); Haute-Kotto: route BriaYalinga. 6°29’N 22°41’E, 25 January 1951 (fl), Sillans 396 (P,WAG); Yalinga. 6°31’N 23°15’E, 3 May 1921 (fl), Le Testu 2535 (BM,P); ±‘: Krébedjé, moyenne Comi, forêt Sibut. 5°44’N 19°05’E, 4 October 1902 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 5628 (P); Ombella M’poko: Bangui. 4°22’N 18°35’E, 13 September 1968 (fr), Breyne, H. 1431 (BR); Bangui. 4°22’N 18°33’E, 18 December 1903 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 10859 (P); Ouaka: galerie Bambari. 5°46’N 20°41’E, December 1928 (fl), Tisserant 2792 (P); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Dzanga - Sangha Reserve, 40 km South of Lidjombo on tributary of kenié. 2°24’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 26 October 1988 (fl), Harris, D.J. 1489 (K).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Osika. 1°34’S 14°35’E, 1884 (fl), Brazza 6 (P); Odzala National Park, 150 m du site du camp Ikouele. 0°22’N 15°47’E, 15 April 1995 (fl), Kouka, L.A. 239 (BRLU); district Mbomo, salines de Mbouébé, au N. de la Lékoli, en amont du confluent avec la Pandaka. 0°38’N 14°54’E. Alt: 350m, 13 January 1995 (fl, fr), Champluvier. 5246 (BR); Parc National d’Odzala, au N. du camp „‘‘ ȋα ƒ’ ƒ”ƒ˜ƒ–‹ȌǤ Ͳι͵ͺǯ ͳͶιͷͶǯǡ ͺ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͵ ȋˆŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Lejoly 93/ 483 (BR,BRLU); Odzala National Park, Moba sur la berge de la rivière Mambili. 0°48’N 15°50’E, 21 January 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 134 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, bai de l’ombrette. 1°04’N 14°28’E, 28 November 1996 (fl), Lejoly 96/ 976 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, piste entre la rivière Lekoli et la saline Mbouebe. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 5 February 1994 (fl), Lisowski C 355 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grande saline de Lango. 0°37’N 14°56’E, 9 February 1994 (fl), Lisowski C 494 (BRLU); ‹ƒ”‹: frontière CongoGabon, à 500 m de la Loambitsi. 2°38’S 12°18’E, 4 February 1975 (fl), Sita 3883 (P); chantier forestier de la Leboulou, à 56 km au Sud-Ouest de la Gare Thomas. 2°21’S 12°31’E, 9 February 1975 (fl), Sita 3887 (P); Pool: 25 km W of Brazzaville, Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E, 12 July 1985 (fl), Cusset 1350 (P).   ȋ  Ȍ, ǣ (fr), Dewèvre s.n. (BR); Bandundu: entre Lubue et Bena-Makima. 4°58’S 21°06’E, May 1910 (fl), Sapin s.n. (BR); Bienge. 5°37’S 19°46’E, (fl), Sapin s.n. (BR); Patambalu. 2°15’S 18°19’E, 23 February 1958 (fl), Tailfer 4 (K); bord du Kwilu (Kikwit). 5°02’S 18°48’E, 4 May 1946 (fl), Renier, M. 88 (BR); Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 30 October 1991 (fl), Masens, B. 1184 (BR,BRLU); Kwango, Kiyaka. 5°19’S 18°56’E, 13 July 1955 (fl), Devred 2165 (BR); Vallée de la Djuma. 3°23’S 17°21’E, July 1902 (fl, fr), Gillet, J. 2837 (BR); Vallée de la Djuma. 3°23’S 17°21’E, July 1902 (fr), Gillet, J. 2921 (BR); Région Babunda. 5°00’S 19°30’E, March 1921 (fr), Vanderyst 8966 (BR); Banlundu. 3°18’S 17°21’E, March 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 8991 (BR); entre Ipamou et Panga. 4°07’S 19°49’E, June 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 9561 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, July 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 9877 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, August 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 10997 (BR); Equateur: Bwado. 3°18’N 19°27’E, 1912 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BR); Riv. Ikelemba. 0°07’N 18°16’E, May 1913 (fl, fr), Bonnivair 45 (BR); Dua-Ebola. 3°20’N 20°55’E, 30 October 1938 (st), Leontovitch 118 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 1904 (fl), Pynaert 236 (BR); environ de Likimi. 2°50’N 20°45’E, 20 April 1910 (fr), Malchair 261 (BR); Bangu. 0°04’N 19°12’E, December 1933 (fl, fr), Dubois, L. 296 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 20 August 1904 (fl), Pynaert 382 (BR); Yakussu, Pays des Bangalas. 3.7 Materials and Methods 1°36’N 19°09’E, (st), Demeuse 389 (BR); Boyasegeze. 3°38’N 20°34’E, 5 March 1955 (fl), Evrard, C.M. 402 (BR); Itimbiri River. 2°02.85’N 22°49.42’E. Alt: 350m, 13 May 2010 (fl), Boyekoli Ebale Congo 2010 Expedition 430 (BR); Bena Longa (Lomani). 2°03’S 25°04’E, 15 April 1959 (fr), Bamps 483 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 9 October 1938 (fl, fr), Coûteaux, G. 493 (K,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 1925 (fl, fr), Robyns, FHEAW 513 (B); rive droite du Ruki. 0°05’N 18°16’E, 10 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 559 ȋȌǢ ‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͷǯǡ ʹͺ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻʹͷ ȋˆŽȌǡ Robyns, FHEAW 741 (BR,WAG); Bobele (Zone Bikoro). 0°45’S 18°07’E, 4 August 1984 (fl), Nsola 771 (BR); île située à mi-chemin entre Loukolela et N’Gombi. 0°45’S 18°07’E, 17 February 1896 (fl), Dewèvre 795 (BR,P); entre Ruki et Khalemba. 0°11’S 18°14’E, July 1930 (fl), Lebrun 806 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 17 December 1906 (fr), Pynaert 809 (BR); Yambata. 2°26’N 22°02’E, (fr), Giorgi 1762 (BR); près de Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 470m, 2 June 1936 (fl), Louis, J.L.P. 2156 (K,P); Bolombo. 0°28’N 19°11’E, 7 November 1957 (fl, fr), Evrard, C.M. 2748 (BR,K); Rivière Busira, en amont de loola. 0°10’S 19°08’E, 2 March 1958 (fl), Evrard, C.M. 3597 (WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Mwembe, zone d’Ilelo. 4°25’S 20°20’E, 26 May 1978 (fl), Dumont, A. 256 (BR); Sengi. 3°06’S 26°40’E, 1921 (fl, fr), Claessens 456 (BR); 29 km S.E. Luluabourg. 6°00’S 22°33’E, 30 June 1948 (st), Duvigneaud P.A. 1091 (BRLU); Rivière Kataba (terr. Luisa). 7°12’S 22°24’E, 16 May 1957 (fl, fr), Liben 3317 (BM,BR); Kasai-Oriental: 20 KM Ouest de Gandajika. 6°45’S 23°47’E, 23 August 1945 (fl), Luxen 553 (BR); Katanga (Shaba): Plateau de Munila (Kansimba). 7°20’S 29°09’E, 29 October 1986 (fl), Kisimba 4 (WAG); Kalambula (Muhuya). 6°06’S 28°04’E, 28 June 1934 (fl), Saeger 24 (BR); Dilolo, R. Luau. 10°42’S 22°21’E, 20 July 1932 (fl), Young, R.G.N. 127 (BM,BR); Katundu, vallée riv. Kina. 5°34’S 26°42’E, 4 August 1952 (fl), Delvaux 443 (BR); Kaniama-haut Lomami. 7°31’S 24°11’E, August 1947 (fl), Mullenders 2269 (BR); Mutalala en Kibemba (Grelco-section I). 7°40’S 24°30’E, July 1931 (fl, fr), Quarré 2640 (BR,K); Kamunza. 7°02’S 25°50’E, 24 September 1957 (fl, fr), Schmitz, A. 5913 (BR,K); Dans le ravin Laula. 7°28’S 29°12’E, 3 October 1981 (st), Malaisse 11957 (C,UPS,WAG); Kinshasa: environ de Leopolville. 4°19’S 15°19’E, July 1902 (fr), Gillet, J. 2683 (BR); Maluku, rivière Bombo. 4°03’S 15°33’E, 27 May 1976 (fl), Breyne, H. 3002 (BR); Kivu: Mutanbo (Kasongo). 4°24’S 26°43’E. Alt: 600m, 8 August 1959 (fl, fr), Léonard, A. 5680 (BR,WAG); Maniema: chantier forestier de Elundu (Kibombo). 3°12’S 25°51’E, 29 July 1959 (fl), Gaillez, L. 301 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: Beni, Parc National Albert, section Watalinga. 0°45’N 29°50’E, 22 November 1948 (fl), Wilde, JMHJR de 196 (WAG); Watalinga. 0°40’N 29°40’E, 22 November 1948 (fr), Wilde, JMHJR de 197 (BR); chefferie Wanande. 0°50’N 29°45’E. Alt: 1250m, 13 February 1949 (fl), Wilde, JMHJR de 222 (BR); Watalinga. 0°40’N 29°40’E. Alt: 800m, 11 March 1954 (fl, fr), Wilde, JMHJR de 576 (BR); route Kavumu-Walikale, Km 79. 1°48’S 28°19’E. Alt: 1000m, 19 September 1955 (fl), Pierlot 879 (BR); Ironga, Mutongo. 1°10’S 28°37’E, 8 May 1958 (fl), Gutzwiller 2844 (BR); Lesse. 0°45’N 29°46’E, 23 March 1914 (fl, fr), Bequaert 3165 (BR); Lesse. 0°45’N 29°46’E, 29 March 1914 (fr), Bequaert 3269 (BR); entre Masisi-Walikale. 1°25’S 28°29’E, March 1932 (fl), Lebrun 5116 (BR,P); Masisi-Walikale. 1°25’S 28°03’E, 2 January 1915 (fl), Bequaert 6459 (BR); Albert National Park, rivière Homola, affluent Issehe. 1°18’N 29°48’E. Alt: 1150m, 19 July 1955 (fl), Witte, G.F. de 12619 (BR); Albert National Park, affluent gauche Semleki. 0°43’N 29°45’E. Alt: 800m, 31 October 1955 (fl), Witte, G.F. de 12825 (BR); Orientale: Yakussu. 0°34’N 25°01’E, 15 January 1904 (fl), Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); Doruma. 4°43’N 27°41’E, 5 May 1932 (fl), Graer 3 (BR); Borumba. 1°34’N 23°31’E, 6 December 1920 (fl), Claessens, J. 5 (BR,S); Niangara, Mayombo. 3°41’N 27°52’E, September 1947 (st), Dewez 25 (BR); Doruma. 4°43’N 27°41’E, 19 April 1930 (fr), Graer 30 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 29 January 1998 (fr), Ntumba 37 (BR); Bosodula. 4°29’N 20°18’E, (fr), Bilderling 55 (BR); Zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest). 1°33’N 28°32’E, 16 February 1996 (fl), Liengola 131 (WAG); Kuleponge. 3°19’N 25°42’E, 5 February 1952 (fl), Gérard, P. 135 (BM,BR,K); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl), Vrydagh 144 (BR); Epulu (Ituri). 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 11 November 1981 (fl), Hart, T.B. 148 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 16 February 1940 (st), Vrydagh 151 (BR); Galerie de la rivière Kibali. 2°09’N 30°24’E, 25 April 1958 (fl), Devillé, A. 156 (K); Lula., 0°27.0’N 25°12.0’E, 16 February 1920 (fl), Claessens 173 (BR); Mogbogoma, à 500 m. 3°29’N 22°35’E, 17 February 1909 (fl, fr), Thonner 187 (K); Réserve de Djugu. 1°56’N 30°30’E, 21 March 1952 (fl), Smeyers 203 (EA,G,US,WAG); Bas Uele. 4°06’N 22°23’E, 16 October 1934 (fl, fr), Dewulf, A. 221 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 22 March 1940 (fr), Vrydagh 249 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 18 April 1958 (fl), Léonard, A. 300 (BR); Kulu. 3°28’N 23°46’E, 1930 (fl), Brande 308 (BR); Djugu, rivière Uélé (source Kibali). 1°56’N 30°30’E, 1952 (fl), Smeyers 330 (EA); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 4 March 1940 (fr), Vrydagh 351 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 10 April 1940 (st), Vrydagh 377 (BR); Kulu. 3°28’N 23°46’E, 4 February 1931 (fl), Brande 403 3 ’Ǥͺͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͺ͸ (BR,WAG); environ de Mobwasa. 2°40’N 23°11’E, 1913 (fr), Reygaert 436 (BR); Kulu. 3°28’N 23°46’E, 18 March 1931 (fl), Brande 495 (BR); environ de Mobwasa. 2°40’N 23°11’E, (fl), Reygaert. 531 (BR); Yangambi, km 6 route de Ngazi. 1°00’N 24°31’E. Alt: 470m, 1 November 1935 (fl, fr), Louis, J.L.P. 544 (BR); Bomane, Aruwini River. 1°16.34’N 23°44.13’E. Alt: 365m, 20 May 2012 (fl, fr), Boyekoli Ebale Congo 2010 Expedition 555 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 1934 (fl), Brédo 668 (BR,K); Basoko. 1°13’N 23°36’E, July 1910 (fl, fr), Claessens 682 (BR); Village Mutoni (Butu). 1°40’N 27°10’E, June 1921 (fr), Claessens 693 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl, fr), Bois, H. du 742 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl, fr), Hendrickx 743 (BR); Ituri. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, February (fl), Hart, T.B. 885 (BR); Région de Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, April 1934 (fl, fr), Brédo 1001 (BR); Buta, environ du poste. 2°48’N 24°47’E, 22 December 1925 (fl), Robyns, FHEAW 1217 (BR,WAG); région Bas-Uele, zone Bambesa, village Dingila. Rive gauche de Žǯ‡Ž‡ǡͳ‡ƒ˜ƒŽ†‡Žƒ ‡–”ƒŽ‡Š›†”‘±Ž‡ –”‹“—‡Ǥ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋˆŽȌǡSzafranski, F. 1301 (BR,C); Ango., 4°02’N 25°52’E, 29 April 1955 (fr), Gérard, P. 1656 (BR,K); Ibele. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 17 April 1936 (fl), Louis, J.L.P. 1699 (BR,C); Kivu, terr. Mambasa, rivière Ngawe. 0°45’N 28°15’E. Alt: 700m, 2 June 1956 (fl), Christiaensen 1779 (K,WAG); Tukpwo (Ango). 4°26’N 25°51’E, 27 February 1956 (fl), Gérard, P. 2063 (WAG); Yambuya-Ngasi. 1°16’N 24°33’E, February 1939 (fl, fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2112 (BR); entre Yambuya et Mongandjo. 1°21’N 24°20’E, 21 January 1957 (fl, fr), Evrard, C.M. 2128 (BR); Penghe. 1°20’N 28°09’E, 2 February 1914 (fl), Bequaert 2242 (BR); Likati. 3°20’N 23°57’E, March 1931 (st), Lebrun 2455 (BR,P); Barumbu. 1°14’N 23°31’E, May 1921 (fl, fr), Goossens, V.G. 2557 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 3 January 1957 (fl), Gérard, P. 2628 (BR); Madabu. 2°42’N 25°43’E, 25 February 1957 (fl), Gérard, P. 2714 (BR); Ubundu, rives du fleuve Zaire et îles en amont d’Ubundu. 0°26’S 25°28’E, 12 March 1978 (fr), Lejoly 2906 (BR); Lula. 0°27’N 25°12’E, May 1921 (fl), Goossens, V.G. 2963 (BR); Lula. 0°27’N 25°12’E, May 1921 (fr), Goossens, V.G. 2987 (BR); Kurukwata. 3°51’N 30°08’E, 25 February 1957 (fl, fr), Gérard, P. 3108 (BR,K); Kurukwata. 3°51’N 30°08’E, 5 April 1957 (fr), Gérard, P. 3146 (BR,K); Kussumbo, in Lande der Monbuttu. 4°00’N 28°00’E, 16 March 1870 (fl), Schweinfurth 3169 (K); Madabu (Zobia). 2°42’N 25°43’E, 9 December 1957 (fl, fr), Gérard, P. 3501 (BR,K); Ango. 4°02’N 25°52’E, 23 March 1958 (fl), Gérard, P. 3768 (BR,K); Djugu-Kibali-Ituri. 1°56’N 30°30’E, October 1931 (fl), Lebrun 3991 (C); île Kongolo à la confluence de la Lindi avec le fleuve Zaïre. 0°34’N 25°05’E, 25 October 1978 (fr), Lejoly 4204 (BR); bank of Lindi River. 0°33’N 25°05’E, 10 September 1973 (fl, fr), Bokdam, J. 4234 (MO,WAG); Ango (Tukpwo). 4°26’N 25°51’E, 12 March 1960 (fl, fr), Gérard, P. 4439 (BR,WAG); Mboga. 1°02’N 29°57’E, 19 June 1914 (fl), Bequaert 4816 (BR); route de Ngazi, à km 12. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 13 July 1937 (fl, fr), Louis, J.L.P. 5557 (B,BR); Ngene-Ngene, à 17 km au NE du centre de Kisangani. 0°36’N 25°18’E, 4 February 1984 (fl, fr), Pauwels 6784 (BR,WAG); plateau de l’Itasukulu. 0°50’N 24°27’E, 21 December 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 7158 (BM,BR,FHO); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8059 (K); île Boosa, en face d’Isangi. 0°45’N 24°19’E. Alt: 470m, 17 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 9370 (BR,C); south Bank of Congo River. 1°10’N 23°37’E. Alt: 300m, 8 November 2004 (fl), Luke 10687 (BR); Mongbwalu Mine Site, village pt 077 to pt 076. 1°56.31’N 29°59.71’E. Alt: 1300m, 23 October 2010 (st), Luke 14539 (BR); rive gauche de Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 16 May 1939 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 14839 (C); Sud-Kivu: near Lushasha. 2°12’S 28°47’E, August 1934 (fl), Babault 669 (P); Kashewe. 1°58’S 28°30’E, January 1935 (fr), Babault 772 (P); Kalimbi. 2°12’S 28°44’E, 23 March 1959 (fl), Léonard, A. 3561 (K); Maziba (Kabare). 2°39’S 28°22’E, 22 July 1959 (st), Léonard, A. 5049 (K,WAG).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: West-Afrika: spanisch-Guinea (Mabungo). 1°44’N 10°39’E, (fl), Tessmann 147 (K). , Estuaire: Libreville. 0°25’N 9°27’E, (fl, fr), Baudon 111 (BR); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Forêt de bord de la rivière Mpassa. 1°59.60’S 14°02.18’E, 2 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 467 (MO,WAG); Batéké Plateau, Mpassa River drainage. 81 km from Projet de Protection des Gorilles. 2°07’S 14°03’E, 2 December 2001 (fl), Walters, G.M. 1037 (MO,WAG). , ›ƒœƒ: Kakamega. 0°17’N 34°45’E, July 1944 (fl), Carroll, R.W. H44/ 62 (EA,K).   , Central Equatoria: Azza forest, Mongalla. 5°11’N 31°47’E, 21 February 1936 (fr), Turner, L. 136 (K); Eastern Equatoria: Laboni, border Sudan-Uganda. 3°49’N 32°46’E. Alt: 1219m, 8 February 1929 (fl), Chipp, T.F. 39 (K); Gilo, near the bridge across Ngairigi River. 4°02’N 32°51’E. Alt: 1750m, 9 November 1980 (st), Friis 78 (C,K); Palotaka. 4°03’N 32°26’E. Alt: 1200m, January 1979 (fl, fr), Shigeta 156 (EA); Acholi Hills, River Iyedo. 4°04’N 32°34’E. Alt: 1450m, 12 February 1948 (fl, fr), Jackson, J.K. 262ȋ ȌǢ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒǡ‡––‹ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͶιͲʹǯ͵ʹι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡȋˆŽȌǡJackson, J.K. 590 (FHO); Talanga. 3.7 Materials and Methods 4°01’N 32°45’E. Alt: 1100m, 7 December 1980 (fl), Friis 752 (C,K); Opari Tcholi Hills near Issore. 3°54’N 32°48’E, 20 April 1930 (fl), Snowden, J.D. 1693 (BM,K); Opari Tcholi Hills near Issore. 3°54’N 32°48’E, 20 April 1930 (fl), Snowden, J.D. 1694 (BM,K); Imatong Mts. 4°00’N 32°50’E, 31 January 1976 (fl), Howard, W.J. IM 24 (K); Imatong Mts., 1981m 4°00’N 32°50’E. Alt: 1981m, (fl), Howard, W.J. IM 30 (EA,K); Western Bahr el Ghazal: Numatinna River Distr. 7°14’N 27°37’E, (fl), Turner, L. 270 (K); Western Equatoria: S.W. “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ’”‘˜‹ ‡ǡœœƒˆ‘”‡•–ǡǤ‘ˆ‡”‹†‹ǤͶιͷͲǯʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͻȋˆ”ȌǡHoyle 762 (BM,FHO); Linduku, Land der Niamniam. 4°40’N 28°00’E, 28 February 1870 (fr), Schweinfurth 3069 (BR,P).  , Kagera: Murere F.R. Bukoba. 1°00’S 31°50’E. Alt: 1371m, April 1950 (fl), Watkins 400 (EA); Munene Forest., 1°16’S 31°34’E, 13 February 1995 (fl), Congdon 409 (K); Kihuru forest, bukoba dist. 1°05’S 31°48’E, 17 February 1936 (fr), Gillman 446 (EA,FHO,K); Minziro Forest. 1°00’S 31°50’E, August 1957 (fl, fr), Procter 650 (EA,K); Minziro forest reserve. 1°05’S 31°30’E. Alt: 1225m, 4 July 2000 (fl, fr), Bidgood 4841 (C,K); Kigoma: Kasakati Basi Area. 5°25’S 29°55’E, 1966 (fr), Itani 14 (EA); Kasakati. 5°25’S 29°55’E. Alt: 1219m, July 1965 (fl), Suzuki, A. 289 (EA); Mkuti River. 5°25’S 29°55’E, June 1955 (fl), Procter 409 (EA,K); 30 miles south of Kibondo. 3°51’S 30°45’E. Alt: 1219m, July 1951 (fl), Eggeling 6215 (EA,K); Rukwa: Mahale Mountains, Kasoje. 6°09’S 29°44’E. Alt: 800m, 8 December 1983 (fl), Takasaki 104 (K); between Pasagulu and Musenabantu. 6°00’S 30°00’E. Alt: 1524m, 9 August 1959 (fl), Harley, R.M. 9246 (B,BR,K,S); Mahale Mountains, N.P.T4. 6°12’S 29°50’E, 5 September 1991 (fl), Hamai 91004 (K).  , ǣ (fl), Eggeling 1179 (A,FHO); Buganda: Mabira Forest. 0°30’N 32°57’E, 4 September 1908 (fl, fr), Brown, E. s.n. (BM); Mabira forest, chagwe. 0°23’N 33°00’E, March 1908 (fl), Ussher 20 (K); Mabira forest, chagwe. 0°23’N 33°00’E, March 1908 (fl, fr), Ussher 21 (K); Namalala, Mozinda. 0°53’S 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe 59 (K); 0°44’S 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe 92 (K,Z); near Mabira forest. 0°30’N 32°57’E. Alt: 1219m, 1904 (fl), Dawe 162 (K); Mabira C.F.R. Coupe 69. 0°30’N 32°57’E, 21 November 1962 (fr), Styles 229 (FHO); Mabira C.F.R. on access path to R.P. 532. 0°30’N 32°57’E. Alt: 1219m, 22 September 1964 (fl), Smith, A.M.S. 250 (EA); Kayanja. 0°22’N 32°53’E. Alt: 1219m, 1913 (fl), Dümmer 294 (BM,US,Z); Mukono, Kasara river. 4 miles east of Mukono beside and north of the new Kampala-Jinja road. 0°22’N 32°45’E. Alt: 1219m, 20 December 1950 (fl, fr), Dawkins 684 (EA,FHO,K); Kyagwe Co. East Mengo distr. 2-3 km S of Wantuluntu church. 0°31’N 32°55’E, 13 April 1969 (fr), Lye 2501 (EA,UPS); Mulange. 0°31’N 33°03’E. Alt: 1219m, October (fl), Dümmer 3048 (BM,US); Minzero Forest, S. Buddu. 1°00’S 31°50’E, July 1938 (fl), Eggeling 3742 (FHO,LUA); 4 miles SSW. of Katera. 0°55’S 31°39’E. Alt: 1150m, 2 October 1953 (fl, fr), Drummond, R.B. 4568 (EA,K); 4 km west of Katera. 0°55’S 31°36’E. Alt: 1160m, 3 May 1972 (fr), Lye 6798 (EA); 0°08’N 32°24’E, (fr), Maitland, T.D. Uganda 1144 (K); 0°08’N 32°24’E, (fl), Maitland, T.D. Uganda 1150 (K); Western Province: Budongo forest. 1°39’N 31°35’E. Alt: 1067m, January 1932 (fl, fr), Harris, C.M. 41 (BR,EA,K); U2. Masindi distr. Budongo forest, Kaniyo. 1°50’N 31°34’E. Alt: 1010m, February 1996 (fl), Hafashimana 67 (C,K); Siba forest. 1°41’N 31°26’E, March 1936 (fl), Sangster, R.G. 112 (BR,K); Semliki valley, Bwamba forest. 0°50’N 30°05’E, 14 January 1938 (fl, fr), Longfield 116 (BM,BR,UPS); Budongo forest reserve. 1°43’N 31°31’E. Alt: 1100m, September 1995 (st), Nkuutu 201 (C); Buyoro distr., Budongo forest along elephant control road Cpt W26. 1°47’N 31°35’E. Alt: 1150m, 12 December 1970 (fl), Synnott, T.J. 490 (C,EA,K,UPS); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°28’E. Alt: 1050m, 6 March 1971 (fl, fr), Synnott, T.J. 528 (EA); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°33’E. Alt: 914m, 23 February 1906 (fl), Bagshawe 929 (BM); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°28’E. Alt: 1050m, 22 December 1972 (fl), Synnott, T.J. 1343 (EA); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°33’E. Alt: 1067m, 16 February 1907 (fl, fr), Bagshawe 1498 (BM); Budongo. 1°39’N 31°35’E, 8 February 1935 (fl), Taylor-de C, G. 3333 (BM,G); Budongo Forest, near Sonso River about 100 m West of bridge. 1°43’N 31°32’E. Alt: 1050m, 15 February 1999 (fl), Lye 23478 (K); Budongo Forest, near Sonso River about 100 m West of bridge. 1°43’N 31°32’E. Alt: 1050m, 15 February 1999 (fl), Lye 23479 (K). ZAMBIA, ‘”–ŠǦ‡•–‡”: Mwinilunga 10 mls. W of Kakomo. 11°17’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl, fr), Angus 561 (FHO,K,WAG); Mwinilunga 10 mls. W of Kakomo. 11°17’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl), Angus 562 (FHO,K,WAG); Musera river, 10 mls W. of Kakoma. 11°18’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl, fr), Angus 564 (FHO,K); Mwinilunga. 11°45’S 24°26’E, 27 August 1930 (fl), Milne-Redhead 973 (BR,K); River Lunga. 11°45’S 24°26’E, 5 October 1937 (fl, fr), Milne-Redhead 2537 (BR,K); Kalene Hill. 11°06’S 24°07’E, 12 December 1963 (fl), Robinson, E.A. 5962 (K); 12°00’S 24°35’E, 25 August 1955 (fl), Holmes, W.D.H. H 1199 (K); ‘”–Š‡”: Lumangwe Falls on Kalunguishi R., 9°33’S 29°22’E, 19 October 1967 (fl), Simon, B.K. 1131 (K); Lumangwe. 8°50’S 29°56’E, 14 November 1957 (fr), Fanshawe 4004 (BR,FHO,K). 3 ’Ǥͺ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods Key literature: Farron (1963, 1967, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998), Robson (1963), Verdcourt (2005). Campylospermum descoingsii Farron ‹‰Ǥ͸ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 395 (1965). – Type: Farron 4021 (holotype: P!, isotype: P(2x)!, IEC), Republic of the Congo, îlot forestier sur le Congo, à hauteur de Moutampa, March 1965. 3 ’Ǥͺͺ Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched trunk, twigs with pale brown coloured bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ –‘ƒ””‘™Ž›‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ Ǧ‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡȋͻȂȌͳʹȂʹͷȋȂʹ͹Ȍxȋ͵ȂȌͶȂͷȋȂ͹Ȍ , ratio ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate to rounded, apex acuminate, papyraceous, bullate between the lateral veins, margin serrulate to entire, upper side slightly dull dark green, lower side dull ‡†‹—‰”‡‡Ǣ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„άϐŽƒ––‡‡†‘–Š‡—’’‡”•‹†‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–‘–Š‡Ž‘™‡”ǡ ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ͳͲȂͳͻ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡͷȂͳͷ apart, prominent but sunken in the bullae above, prominent below, at a more or less right angle with the midrib but curved upwards toward the margin, intermediate lateral veins prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, composed ofͳȂ͵Ž‘‰”ƒ ‡‡••‹––‹‰ Ž‘•‡–‘‰‡–Š‡”‘ the twig, pendulous;, their main axis 11–19 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; bracts persistent, triangular, ͳȂʹŽ‘‰; cymules 0.3–1 cm ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͷǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel 4–5 mm long, articulated at c. 1 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡–‘‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡” Ǥ͵ȂͶšʹǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͷš͵Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡͷȂ͹ x 2–5 mm, base rounded, apex slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers slender, 3–4 mm long; style 3–4 mm. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͵ȂͶǢ†”—’‡Ž‡–• ͳȂʹ™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡””‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡, ellipsoid, more or less compressed; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species is mainly characterized by its bullate upper leaf surface. It is close to C. excavatum by having a distinct tertiairy venation. However, it differs by having an —„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆͳȂ͵”ƒ ‡‡••‹––‹‰ Ž‘•‡–‘‰‡–Š‡”–‡”‹ƒŽ‘ the twig, whereas C. excavatumŠƒ•ƒ„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ Distribution: Republic of the Congo (province of Pool) and Democratic Republic of Congo (province of Bas-Congo) (Map ͺ). Ecology: in high and secondary forest. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ˆ”‘‘˜‡„‡”–‘‡ ‡„‡”ƒ†‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ƒ†ƒ” ŠǢˆ”—‹–• observed in January, March and May. IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹ȌǤα͹ͳʹ2ǡα͵Ͳͷ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͺǡ •—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αͶȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šα͹ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‘Ž›‘™ˆ”‘ͳͳ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•ǡ all outside of protected areas. Its last collection dates back to 1968, thus its present ‘ —””‡ ‡‡‡†•–‘„‡ ‘ϐ‹”‡†ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ–Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”›‘ˆ”‹–‹ ƒŽŽ›†ƒ‰‡”‡†Šƒ• been assigned. 3.7 Materials and Methods B A ‹‰—”‡͸Ǥ Campylospermum descoingsii. A. persistent bracts. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum descoingsiiȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum duparquetianum ( ) 3 ’Ǥͺͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods Specimens examined:  ȋ Ȍ, Poolǣ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†‡‘—–ƒ’ƒǤͶι͵ͳǯͳͷιͲʹǯǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. 877 ȋȌǢŠ—–‡•†‡ ‘—Žƒƒ”‹ǤǡͶι͵ͷǯͳͶιͷͺǯǡʹͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡSita 1844 (P); Plateau des cataractes, piste Taba-Mandzakala, région de Kinkala, entre Mandzakala et le pont Voula. 4°22’S 14°58’E, 11 October 1968 ȋϐŽȌǡSita 2661 (BR,P); Plateau des cataractes, piste Taba-Mandzakala, région de Kinkala. 4°22’S 14°58’E, 11  –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡSita 2667ȋ ȌǢ‘—–ƒ’ƒǤͶι͵ͳǯͳͷιͲʹǯǡʹƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFarron 4021 (BR,P); –ƒ–‹‘†‡‹• ‹ —Ž–—”‡†‡Œ‘—‘—ƒǡͳͷǤǤ”ƒœœƒ˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͶιͳͷǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͳͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡFarron 4664 ȋȌǢ Š—–‡• †‡ ‘—Žƒƒ”‹Ǥ Ͷι͵ͷǯ ͳͶιͷͺǯǡ ͳͷ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Farron 4709 (P); Djoumouna. 4°23’S ͳͷιͳͲǯǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFarron 5278 (P); Kimpanzou, près de chutes de la Foulakari., 4°36’S 14°59’E, ͳͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 86/ 133 (BRLU).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bas-Congoǣ‘‰‘ǤͶιͶ͹ǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡCallens 4520 (BR); Kinshasa: ‘„‡ǤͶιʹͶǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJans, E. 299 (BR). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). 3 ’ǤͻͲ Campylospermum duparquetianum (Baill.) Tiegh. ‹‰Ǥ͹ J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (1902). – Gomphia duparquetiana Baill., Adansonia 9: 77 (1868). – Ouratea duparquetiana (Baill.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 258 (1904). – Type: Duparquet 60 (holotype: P!), Gabon, December 1862. Ouratea corymbosa Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 80 (1893). – Type: Soyaux 40 (holotype: B†; isotypes: K!, P!, Z!), Gabon, Munda, Sibang Farm, 1879. Ouratea cameronii Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Type: Burton & Cameron s.n. (holotype: K!), Ghana, Axim. Treelet up to 8 m tall, monocaulous bark dark brown. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaves all grouped at the top of the stem; petiole 0–10 mm long; leaf blade narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ʹ͸ȂͶͻȋȂͷͺȌšͷȂͳʹȋȂͳ͹Ȍ , ratio ͵ȂͷȋȂ͸Ǥʹ͵Ȍ base broadly cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, coriaceous to papery, not to slightly bullate, margin regularly serrate, upper side dark green, glossy, lower side light green, dull; venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 20–30 on either side, 7–35 mm apart, making a slight angle with the midrib and slightly curved upward, prominent but running often through a gully above, prominent below, with 0–2 intermediate lateral veins in between •—„•‡“—‡–ƒ‹‘‡•ǡ–‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡ƒ–‹‘scalariform, running perpendicular to the main lateral veins, indistinct to slightly distinct above, distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary, corymbose; peduncle cylindrical, woody, 2–5(–6) cm long, with many short racemes of up to 1.5 cm long and (4–)20–35 solitaryϐŽ‘™‡”•ǡ™‹–Š ʹ–‘ͶŽ‡ƒˆ›„”ƒ –• in its apical part; ’ƒ‹”™‹•‡• ƒŽ‡•ͶȂͺŽ‘‰ǡ’‡”•‹•–‡– at the base of peduncle; bracts triangular, 1-2 mm long. Flower: pedicel ͳͲȂͷͲŽ‘‰, articulated at ͶȂͺ ˆ”‘‹–•„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹Ȃͳͳš͵ǡ‘”ƒ‰‡‰”‡‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͳͷȂ 20 x 6–8 mm, red; petals obovate, 16–18 x 4–8 mm, shortly clawed at base, slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: ƒ–Š‡”• ͸Ȃ͹  Ž‘‰Ǣ ‘˜ƒ”› ‘”‡ ‘” Ž‡•• ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡ 2–3 mm long; style c. 7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle globose, 5 x 6 mm; drupelets 2–4 well developed per receptacle, obovoid, 9–10 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, more or less similar in size. 3.7 Materials and Methods Notes: A very distinct species belonging to a small group of monocaulous species with similarly large and narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate leaves. However, ‹–• •Š‘”– ƒ† ‘”›„‘•‡ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ”‡†‡”• –Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ˜‡”› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ others. Distribution: from Liberia to Ghana and in ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒ ƒ† ƒ„‘ (Map ͺ). Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest, sometimes in disturbed forest along forestry roads, in dried swamps, and riverine forest; on sandy clay soil; at 10–410 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ ƒŽŽ ‘–Š• except for August; fruits observed in all months except for the period July to October. Uses: The plant is occasionally planted as an ornamental. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹ȌǤ αͺͶͳǡͷ͹ͻ 2ǡ αͷͳʹǡͳͲͻ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͹ͷȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαʹ͵ͺȌǤ•’‡ ‹‡• A with a disjunct but fairly wide distribution occurring in National Parks such as MoukalabaC Doudou and Pongara in Gabon, Monte Alen B ‹ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ’‘ ‹ ‹„‡”‹ƒǡ ƒ† ‹‰—”‡͹Ǥ Campylospermum duparquetianum. A. Taï in Ivory Coast. Therefore, the category Incumbent cotyledons. B. Flowering branch. C. Flower bud. Drawings by Sabine Bousani of Least Concerned has been designated. Specimens examined:   , Houetǣͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 6695 (P). , South Province: Campo-Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto, around the Bongola river. 2°15.5’N 9°52.7’E. Alt: 20m, 29 January 2000 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou 2457 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Boussebeliga. near ›‰‡‡†‘ –‘”ǯ•Š‘—•‡ǤʹιͶ͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 4230 (WAG); 20 km SE. of Kribi, SE. of Mt. Elephant, W. of route Minière., 2°45’N 10°02’E, 23 July 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7129 (WAG); 45 km S. of Kribi, Campo road., 2°38’N 9°51’E, 26 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7297 (BAS,K,P,WAG,YA); Massif des ƒ‡ŽŽ‡•Ǥʹιʹ͸Ǥ͹ǯͻιͷͶǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͸Ͳǡͳͻ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou MMX 47 (WAG).    , Rio Muni: près de la frontière gabonaise, chantier forestier à l’Est de Congo. 1°05’N 10°00’E. Alt: 10m, 2 May 1989 (st), McPherson, G.D. 13994 (LBV); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: région continentale, Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 12 March 1997 (fr), Ngomo 4 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, sur la piste du Rio Uolo au transect Ecofac de Mosumo. 1°36.9’N 10°03.4’E. Alt: 200m, 6 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 53 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 200 m du transect Ecofac de Mosumo. 1°35.6’N 10°03.3’E. Alt: 410m, 11 March 2001 (st), Senterre 827 (BRLU); SO du Parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo., 1°37.4’N 10°04.6’E, 17 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1936 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: région continentale, Sud ouest de Ayamiken. 2°07’N 10°01’E, 30 April 1997 (fr), Obama 186 (BRLU); 7 km ENE de —ƒ‘•ǤǡͳιͲ͸ǯͳͲιͳͳǯǡͺ —Ž›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡWilks 1741 (LBV,WAG); Sendje à Ongamnsok., 1°22’N 9°58’E, 19 February 2001 (fr), Lejoly 01/ 5 (BRLU). , ǣ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͺ͸ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Duparquet 60 (P); Estuaire: Pointe Owendo. 0°18’N 9°30’E, 6 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡPériquet 28ȋȌǢ‹„ƒ‰‡ ƒ”ǤͲιʹͷǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺ͹ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSoyaux 40 (K); 3 ’Ǥͻͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͻʹ ‘–‘—‡–ǤͲιʹ͸ǯͻιʹͺǯǡȋϐŽȌǡJolly 115 (P); Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, March 1891 (fr), Jolly 118 (P,WAG); route Akok-brigade de reboisement de la Mvoum, 9 km. 0°39’N 10°18’E, 19 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M. 132ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ͹Ǥ‘ˆǯ‘—ǡʹͶ‘ˆ–‘—ǤͲι͵͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͳǡ͵ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, A.M. 209ȋǡ ȌǢ ‘›ƒ†ŒƒǡͷͲǤͲιʹͶǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡBogner 644 (K); 65 km de Libreville, sur la route de Lambaréné, embranchement de route au Nord. 0°25’N 10°25’E, 23 June 1970 (st), Farron 7488 (P); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣͳ͵†‡‡ŽŽ‡—‡ǤͲι͵ͷǯͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDibata 7 (LBV,MO,WAG); Mabounié, forest west of camp. 0°45.07’S 10°31.27’E. Alt: 109m, 13 May 2012 (fr), Bidault 552 (BRLU,LBV,MO); ‰‘—‹±ǣ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ƒ†Œ‹‹–‘  ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡʹͲǦʹͷ‘ˆƒ†Œ‹ǡ‡–‹‡”‘–ƒ‹“—‡Ǥ ͳιͶ͸ǤͳǯͳͲιͳͶǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͵ǡͳͳ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͳͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10233 (LBV,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: concession  Ǥ ʹιͶͲǤͶǯ ͳͲιʹͻǤͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͵Ͳ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Valkenburg 2533 (LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Maritime: Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 25, behind hectare plot of Jan Wieringa. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 30m, 3 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHaegens 91 (WAG); Rabi-Kounga. 1°55’S 9°52’E, 23 November 1991 (fr), Schoenmaker, J. 194 (WAG); Rabi-E, E of S entrance of Camp Pechaud. 1°56.6’S 9°53.8’E, 7 November 1990 (st), Nek 233 ȋǡǡ ȌǢƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ•‹–‡ʹǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷʹǯǡ͵ —‡ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡBourobou 688 (LBV); Rabi-Kounga, N of landing strip, in ha-plot. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 45m, 1 June 1992 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 1085 (LBV,WAG); Rabi-Shell ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡƒ„‹ǡ‘ˆƒ‹”’‘”–ǤͳιͷͷǤ͹ǯͻιͷʹǤͶǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͸ǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2135 (BRLU,LBV,MO); ‘—†‘—‘—–ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ” ͶͲ‘ˆƒ†Œ‹ǤʹιͲͲǤ͸ǯͳͲιʹͶǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Sosef 2321 (BR,E,HUJ,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi, N of airstrip, in 1-ha plot. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 45m, 12 March 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2452 (LBV,WAG); Ca. 60 km along an exploitation track in a W.N.W. direction from ‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8987 (MO,WAG); 40 km N.N.W. of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9549 (MO,WAG); 30 km S of Rabi, ƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†–‘ Š‹”ƒǡ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ƒŽŽ‡†Ǯ Š‹”ƒ ‘”‹œ‘–ƒŽǯǤʹιͲ͵ǯͻιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽǡ fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9770ȋ ȌǢƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ Š‹”ƒ”‘ƒ†ǤʹιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10170 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG). , Western Regionǣ  Ͷιͷʹǯ ʹιͳͶǯǡ —‡ ͳͺͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Burton s.n. (K); Western. Ankasa, along Ankasa ”‹˜‡”Ǥͷιͳ͵ǯʹι͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͳͶƒ” Šͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMerello 1430 (MO,UPS); Bawdia, W prov. 5°38’N 2°06’W, ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 3154 (FHO); 10 mls S. of Tarkwa 5°10’N 1°59’W, 10 March 1952 (st), Morton, J.K. GC 6554 (K); Bronikrom, 30 km SSE Samreboi. 5°25’N 2°25’ W, 25 May 1977 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 46607 (WAG). IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Alépé. 5°30’N 3°39’W, 1907 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 17411 (P); Aboisso: Ayamé. 5°40’N ͵ιͳͲǯǡͳʹƒ›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi s.n. (G); Guiglo: N’guisankro (Baoulé camp) 8 km S of Zagné, then 11 km on track in direction east to forest. Just S. of border between Forêt classé and Parc National Tai, along LS3plot between 0 and 1. 6°07’N 7°24’W. Alt: 200m, 3 May 1990 (st), Albers, P. 74 (WAG); Taï Forest, 20 km SE ‘ˆ ƒÃǡ ”‹‰Š– •‹†‡‘ˆ –Š‡ —†”‡‹•”‘—Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͹ιʹͷǯǡ ʹͳ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡ Barink 76 (WAG); Relevé 78; ƒ‹’‘„Ž›Ǥǡͷιͷ͹ǯ͹ιʹͺǯǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡRouw, A. de 122 (WAG); réserve de Tai. 5°50’N 7°10’ W. Alt: ͳͷͲǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡGautier, L. 387 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 446 (G); ͳͶͲ‘ˆƒ„‘—ʹͷ‘ˆƒ‹ǤͷιͶʹǯ͹ιʹͲǯǡͳ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 1070 (WAG); 14 km ‘ˆƒ‹ǤǡͷιͶͷǯ͹ιʹͲǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3571 (WAG); de oppido Tienkula; ad orientem per 5-9 km. 6°07’N 7°26’W, 2 March 1962 (st), Bernardi, L. 8383 (G,K); entre Sakré et Nigré. 5°40’N 7°22’W, 28 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 17851 (G); entre le moyen Sassandra le moyen Cavally. 5°50’N 7°05’W, 1 June ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19229ȋȌǢƒÃǤͷιͷʹǯ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStäuble 47/ 412 (G); San±†”‘: along the road starting 40 km from San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°41’N 6°57’ W. Alt: 40m, 23 March ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 272 (WAG); Sassandra: San Pedro, nouvelle piste vers le Nord. 4°56’N 6°17’W, March ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2561ȋǡȌǢ͵Ͳ‘ˆ —±›‘Ǥͷι͵͹ǯ͸ιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡ͵ͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLeeuwenberg 3797 (B,L,WAG); entre Sassandra et San Pedro. Le long de la route de Soubré, 5 km au N. du carrefour. 5°00’N ͸ιʹͲǯǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7028ȋȌǢͶͺ ”ƒ„‘Ǧƒ‹”‘ƒ†Ǥͷιͳͺǯ͸ιͳ͸ǯǡͳͷ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 7429 (WAG); ‘—„”±: near Guiglo rapids in the Sassandra River. 8 km S.S.E. of Subré, west of the Sassandra. ͷι͵ͻǯ ͸ιͶͲǯ ǡ ʹʹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3287 (WAG); Guideko. 5°57’N 6°35’W, May 1907 ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16364 (P); TabouǣŒ‹”‘—–‘—Ǥͷιʹʹǯ͹ιͳ͹ǯǡͺ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡPoilecot 1120 (G); close to Kouadjokro. 4°59.8’N 7°17.9’W. Alt: 150m, 2 May 1999 (fr), Jongkind 4432 (WAG); FC de la Ht Dodo. 4°58.3’N ͹ιͳͷǤͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͷͲǡ ͷ ƒ› ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 4523 (MO,WAG); along road via Irputou to Cavally River., 4°41.0’N 7°31.4’W, 8 April 2000 (st), Jongkind 4981 (WAG); 13 km NW of Tabou. 4°30’N 7°24’W, 12 April ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 7384 (WAG). LIBERIA, Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.9’N ͻιʹʹǤʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͲǡ ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 5664 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Eastern Province, Putu District. New road from Chiehn (Zwedru Village) to Cape Palmas. About 10 km S. of Kanweake, a small village 3.7 Materials and Methods Ǥ͹ͲǤ‘ˆŠ‹‡ŠǤͷιʹͷǯͺιͲͶǯǡʹͺƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3681 (WAG); along Zwedru-Harper road, north of Tiama Town. 5°42’N 8°06’W. Alt: 300m, 6 June 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6648 (WAG); Zwedru. 6°04’N 8°08’W, 3 August 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 7008 (K); Grebo Forest. 5°24’N 7°44’W. Alt: 200m, 10 December 2005 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7269 (BR,G,WAG); Sino: Sapo NP, buffer zone, near Sinoe River. 5°21’N 8°48’ W. Alt: 115m, 23 ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 5386 (BR,G,WAG); Diebla 4°55’N 7°40’W, 3 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6292 (K); Jabroke 4°58’N 7°36’W, 12 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6493 (K); Inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°47’W. Alt: 110m, 7 March 2009 (fr), Jongkind 8853 (WAG); Sapo National Park. 5°20.2’N 8°47.9’W. Alt: 100m, 30 January 2010 (st), Jongkind 9321 (WAG); Sapo National Park not far from Camp ͸Ǥ ͷιͳͺǤ͵ǯ ͺιͶͶǤ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͸ͷǡ ʹʹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 9824 (WAG); South-west of Togba Ville. ͷιʹͺǤͶǯͻιͳͷǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9899 (WAG). ǣ (st), Chase, M.W. 704 (K). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorn & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum †›„‘˜•‹‹‹‡‰ŠǤ ‹‰Ǥͺ Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 298 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea dybovskii (Tiegh.) Aké Assi, Candollea 55(2): 281 (2000). – Type: Dybovski 139 (holotype: P!), Gabon, Cap Lopez, February 17th, 1894. Ouratea gentilii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr., Bot. 7: B53 (1920). – Type: Gentil 33 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(x4)!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, bord des eaux, vallée de la Loange (Lualaba-Kasai), January 5th, 1902. Ouratea latepaniculata De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr., Bot. 7: B56 (1920). – Type: Laurent 1153 (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eala, July 1st, 1905. Ouratea malelaensis ‡ ‹Ž†Ǥǡ ŽǤ ‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷͻ͹ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ Ȃ ‡ –‘–›’‡ ȋ†‡•‹‰ƒ–‡† here): Vermoesen 1312 (holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, S!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, environs de Malela, 1909. Tree up –‘ʹͷ–ƒŽŽ; „‘Ž‡—’–‘ͳ͵ ‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǡ™‹–Š—Ž–‹’Ž‡„”ƒ Š‡•; twigs with dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of the petiole, triangular, c. 7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–10 mm long, stout, canaliculate above; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͳͳȂȌͳ͸Ȃ͵ʹȋȂͶͲȌšȋ͵ȂȌͷȂ ͺȋȂͳͳȌ cm, ratio ͵Ȃͷǡbase cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous, not bullate, upper surface green, glossy, lower surface paler green, margin entire or •ŠƒŽŽ‘™Ž›•‡””—Žƒ–‡–‘™ƒ”†•–Š‡ƒ’‡šǢ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡– above, prominent beneath, ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ͻȂͳͻȋȂʹ͸Ȍ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͹Ȃͳ͹ apart, not to slightly prominent above, prominent below, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳ –‘ ʹ in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main laterals or to the midrib, indistinct above, distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, lax, its main axis 12–30(–40) cm long, generally in a zig-zag shape; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent; racemesʹǦ͹ǡ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› held horizontal, ͳͳȂͳͻȋȂʹ͹Ȍ  Ž‘‰, occasionally these branched again; bracts caducous, sometimes a reduced leaf present at the base of peduncle, elliptic, 3–6 x 3 ’Ǥͻ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 0.5–2 cm; cymules ͲǤͷȂ͵ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͶȋȂ͹ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: pedicel ͷȂͳʹŽ‘‰, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ͳȂͶˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡–‘ƒ”‘™Ž›‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡” (6–)7–8 x 2–4 mm, in fruit 12–13 x 5–8 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded, enclosing the drupelets, coriaceous; petals obovate, (8–)12–19 x (5–)6–8 mm, truncate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 mm long, curved. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ǤͳŽ‘‰‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͶšͷǢ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳȂͷ well developed per receptacle, broadly reniform, 7–8 x 6–7 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. 3 p.94 Notes: This species is very close to C. calanthum and C. †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— (see the note under C. †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”—). Its leaves differ by having a cuneate to rounded base and being narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate. Its main lateral veins are prominent while those of C. calanthum are sunken. The racemes are held horizontally whereas in C. calanthum they are ascending. However, exceptionally specimens of C. dybovskii may be encountered specimens that have a distinctly acuminate apex and marked secondary nerves that ƒ”‡‘–’”‘‹‡–‘–Š‡—’’‡”•‹†‡Ǥ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡ•‘‡•Š‘™ƒŽƒš‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–Š ascending racemes as in C. calanthum. Those specimens were formerly assigned to O. malelaensis and O. latepaniculata, but we follow Farron (1963) in regarding these as „‡‹‰ ‘•’‡ ‹ϐ‹ ™‹–ŠC. dybovskii. Ouratea malelaensis was originally published with the citation of two syntypes: Vermoesen 1312 and 1222. Vermoesen 1312 has been designated as lectotype of O. malelaensis because this specimen is distributed in three herbaria and consists of fruiting material. Both sides of the leaf blade show the venation pattern character that is deemed important for the distinction with related species. Campylospermum dybovskii Tiegh. was originally published as C. dybowskii by the French author Van Tieghem who named the plant after the plant collector M. Dybovski but he accidentally misspelled his family name. To be in accordance with the Code of Nomenclature, we regarded C. dybowskiii as being an orthographic error and C. dybovskii is to be retained (ICBN Melbourne, Art. 60.1). Distributionǣ ‹‰‡”‹ƒǡ ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ ‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‰‘ǡ Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola (Zaire prov.) (Map 9). Ecologyǣ‹’”‹ƒ”›‘”•‡ ‘†ƒ”›ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ”‹˜‡”‹‡ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ•™ƒ’›ƒ†ϐŽ‘‘†‡†ˆ‘”‡•–Ǣ‘ Žƒ–‡”‹–‡“—ƒ””›ǡ™Š‹–‡ƒ†•ƒ†›•‘‹ŽǢƒ–ͷȂ͸͵ͲƒŽ–‹–—†‡Ǥ PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Uses: Roots are ground with seeds of Aframomum melegueta and eaten to remedy impotence (Neuwinger, 2000). IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤαʹǡͳͳʹǡͲͻͲ2ǡαͳǡͺͳͳǡ͸͸Ͳ2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͺͲ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹͷͻ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• Šƒ• ƒ ™‹†‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ƒ† ‹• ™‡ŽŽ represented in herbaria indicating it is not uncommon. Moreover, many of the collecting localities, at least in Gabon, are located inside National Parks (Moukalaba-Doudou, A C ͳ B ‹‰—”‡ͺǤ Campylospermum dybovskii. A. Fruiting branch. B. Flowering branch. C. Flower. ͳ & ʹ. Fruit. Drawings by Sabine Bousani Map 9. Distribution of Campylospermum dybovskii 3.7 Materials and Methods ʹ 3 ’Ǥͻͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods Loango, Lopé, Pongara, Ivindo, Plateaux Batéké). Thus, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥͻ͸  , Zaireǣ‡ ‘ǡ‹˜—Ž‡–ǡ’”‘š‹—ϐŽ—‡‘‰‘Ǥ͸ιͲͺǯͳʹι͵͹ǯǡͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 8647 (K). , Central Province: Subdivision Eseka, dans les chantiers des bois du Cameroun. 3°39’N 10°46’E, ͺ —‡ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Mbarga 22 (P,WAG,YA); 15-20 km E. of Mbalmayo. 3°33’N 11°37’E. Alt: 630m, 21 July 1961 (st), Breteler 1629 (BR,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: à 12 km E de Bonepoupa, près Dibamba. 3°57’N 9°40’E, 31 July 1949 (fr), Letouzey 1345 (P); 3 km E. of km 21 of road Yabassi-Douala. 4°20’N 10°05’E. Alt: 100m, 17 August 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6410 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,WAG,YA); 20 km SE of Douala, 2 km NW of ˆ‡””›‘‹„ƒ„ƒǤ‹”‘ƒ†–‘†‘‰ƒȋα‘Ž†”‘ƒ†–‘†±ƒȌǤ͵ιͷͺǯͻιͶͺǯǡʹͲ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͷȋ•–ȌǡLeeuwenberg 6475 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); route de Douala à Yabassi, 30 km N. de la bifurcation pour Edéa. 4°24’N ͳͲιͲͲǯǡͳʹƒ›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7290 (P); South Provinceǣ‘Ž‘†‘”ˆǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡͳ͸ —‡ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡ Annet 360ȋȌǢ͵Ǥ‘ˆ‘—••‹„‡Ž‹ƒǤǡʹιͶͷǯͻιͷʹǯǡʹʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡBeentje 1535 (MO,WAG); 10 km N. of Kribi. 3°02’N 9°57’E. Alt: 5m, 10 August 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2915 (BR,P,WAG); 9 km N of Kribi, Œ—•–‹•‹†‡Ž‹––‘”ƒŽˆ‘”‡•–Ǥ͵ιͲͲǯͻιͷ͸ǯǡʹ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBos, J.J. 3506 (C,UPS,WAG); Kribi, 9 km sur la route d’Edea. 3°00’N 9°57’E, 24 April 1970 (st), Farron 7126 (P); between Campo I and Campo II. 2°23’N ͻιͷͲǯǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 7804 (BR,EA,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); 15 km along forest exploitation track leading from Ipono to bridge crossing the Bongola River to Dipikar Island. 2°19’N 9°54’E. Ž–ǣͺͲǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8694 (BR,EA,K,LG,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); Vallée de la   ǡ’”‡•„ƒ‰ƒʹͷ†‡ƒ‘—†±Ǥ͵ι͵͹ǯͳͳιͶͷǯǡͳͻ —‡ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 11313 (K,WAG).  ȋ Ȍ, Bouenza: Région de Mayoko, chantier Aubeville. 4°16’S 13°33’E, 11 March 1973 ȋϐŽȌǡSita 3514 (WAG); Kouilou: Dimonika derrière la case de l’ORSTOM. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 30 April 1983 (fr), Moutsamboté 1797 (P); environ N’Tiétié, à 13 km du village vers N’Gongo. 3°55’S 11°30’E, 9 December 1974 ȋϐŽȌǡSita 3815 (P); ±‘—‘—: piste de Brazzaville, village d’Oboté, near Zanaga. 2°54’S 13°52’E, 16 October ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. 1821 (P); Pool: Région de Kindamba, environs de Kikouimba sur piste de Mâ- Kinzona ͳ†‡ŸǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͶιͳͲǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡSita 3168 (WAG); Plateau Batéké, à 3 km du camp du Km 45. 4°04’S 15°29’E, 21 September 1963 (st), Trochain 12266 (P).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bandundu: Bienge. 5°37’S 19°46’E, October 1907 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BM,S); Kutu. 2°44’S ͳͺιͲͺǯǡ ͵ͳ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Laurent, É. s.n. ȋȌǢ ‹‡‰‡Ǥ ͷι͵͹ǯ ͳͻιͶ͸ǯǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Sapin s.n. ȋȌǢ‡˜‹”‘†‡ƒ†‹„‹ǤͶιͳͺǯͳͺιʹͶǯǡͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡSapin s.n.ȋȌǢ‹™‹–ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 3056ȋȌǢ‹™‹–ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVanderyst 3104 (BR); Bandundu. 3°18’S ͳ͹ιʹͳǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 5136ȋȌǢ‹™‹–ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 9127 ȋȌǢ‹™‹–ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 9131ȋȌǢ ’ƒ‘—ǤͶιͲ͹ǯͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ’”‹ŽͳͻʹͳȋϐŽǡ fr), Vanderyst 9232ȋȌǢ‡–”‡ƒŽƒ‡–‹™‹–ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 9728 (BR); Ipamou. ͶιͲ͹ǯ ͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 12792 ȋȌǢ ƒœ‹Ǧƒœ‡‰ƒŽ‡Ǥ ͹ιͳ͵ǯ ͳ͹ιͷͺǯǡ ͳͻʹͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 17322 (BR); Bas-Congo: Malela, Biluku. 5°59’S 12°37’E, February 1913 (fr), Verschueren, R.C.M. 351 (BR); 5°59’S 12°37’E, 5 January 1919 (fr), Vermoesen 1312 (K,S); Kisantu, Boko Ngufu. 5°02’S 15°10’E, December 1949 ȋϐŽȌǡCallens 2137 (BR); EquateurǣƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ —Ž›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. s.n. (BR,K); 0°03’N ͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ —Ž›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 2ȋȌǢ‹ˆ—„ƒȋƒ•ƒ—•—ȌǤͲιͲͶǯͳͻιͳʹǯǡͳʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽǡ fr), Mengé 12 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 25 September 1935 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 161 (BR,K); Boyera (Ingende). Ͳι͵ͺǯͳͻιʹͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 189ȋǡ ȌǢ‘›‡”ƒǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͻιʹͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Dubois, J. 189 ȋǡȌǢ —•ƒ‰ƒǤ Ͳιͷͳǯ ʹʹιͲͶǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gorbatoff 193 (BR); Eala, sur la rive droit †——‹ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, J.J.G. 215 (BR,EA,FHO,G,K,UPS,US,WAG); Boende. 0°13’S ʹͲιͷʹǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 342ȋǡ ȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCoûteaux, G. 354 (K,WAG); Eale, rive droite de la Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 10 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 559 (K,WAG); ƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLebrun 674 (BR,P); Rive Lua-Lusangania. 0°04’N 19°21’E, September 1937 (fr), Dubois, L. 806ȋȌǢ‘‘–‡ǤͲιͲ͸ǯʹͲιͲͺǯǡȋϐŽȌǡHulstaert 830 (BR); Maringa (Basankusu). 1°13’N 19°49’E, August 1938 (fr), Dubois, L. 949ȋǡǡ ȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ —Ž›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 1153 (BR); Bokote. 0°06’S 20°08’E, 1943 (fr), Hulstaert 1211ȋǡȌǢƒŽƒǡ‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͶ —‡ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡCorbisier-Baland 1731ȋ ȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͶ —‡ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡBaland 1731 (BR,K); En face d’Eale, rive du Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 300m, 12 January 1944 (fr), Germain, R.G.A. 1879 (K,WAG); en face d’Eala, rive droite du Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 330m, 12 January 1944 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 1879 (BR); en ˆƒ ‡†ǯƒŽƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡Žƒ—‹ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͺιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͳͲǡͳ͹ƒ›ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1928 (BM,C,EA); 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒŽƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–†——‹ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡʹͳƒ›ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1981 (BM,BR,K,P); Ikengo. 0°08’S 18°08’E, 18 March 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3687 (BR,K); Rivière Salonga, rive gauche. 3 km en amont de la Yenge. 0°10’S 19°50’E, 4 August 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4480 (BR,K); Bakatola. 0°38’S 18°46’E, June ͳͻʹͷȋϐŽȌǡGoossens, V.G. 6177 (BR); Kasai-Occidentalǣ‘ƒ‰‡ǤͶιͳͺǯʹͲιͲʹǯǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲʹȋϐŽȌǡGentil 33 (BR); Kinshasaǣ‰‘„‡Ǧ’Žƒ‰‡ǤͶιʹͶǯͳͷιͳͳǯǡʹͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreyne, H. 360 (WAG); Maluku, route ‹–ƒǦ‹‰ƒƒ–‹ͷǤͶιͲ͵ǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 962 (BR); Maluku, mare Funu (Pt ƒ–‡‡ȌǤ ͶιͲ͵ǯ ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ ͳ͸ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͹͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breyne, H. 3064 (BR); Maniema: environ Malela. 4°22’S 26°08’E, 26 December 1918 (fr), Vermoesen 1222 (BR); Orientale: Bengamisa Km 22. 0°56’N 25°09’E, June 1937 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 70 (C,K); Yangambi, près de la rivière Lusambila. 0°46’N 24°28’E, 20 February 1961 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡYafunga 100ȋȌǢ‘„™ƒ•ƒǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLemaire, H. 191 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 2 March 1906 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 1468 (BR).    , Rio Muni, Litoralǣ ”‡‰‹× ‘–‹‡–ƒŽǤ ‘‹•‹‘Ǥ ‹•–”‹–‘ †‡ ‘‰‘Ǥ Ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡObama 741 (BRLU); Bata-Pembe: Eyang Mbaha. Estrada kms 33-34. 1°53’N 10°01’E, 28 February 1992 (fr), Carvalho, M.F. de 5031ȋǡ ȌǢƒ–ƒǦ‡„‡ǣ”ƒ†‡”ƒ†‡‡„‡ǤʹιͲ͸ǯͻιͷ͹ǯǡͺ —Ž›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡ Carvalho, M.F. de 5587 (MA,WAG). , Estuaire: 0°37’N 9°20’E, 27 April 1935 (fr), Klein, H. 41 (B,K,P); Parc National de la Pongara. Pointe —‹‰‘„±ǡ ’”°• †— ƒ’ †‡ ƒ„‘ ˜‹”‘‡‡–Ǥ ͲιͳͻǤͺǯ ͻιͳͻǤ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 73ȋǡȌǢ‘‹–‡‡‹•Ȁ‘‰ƒ”ƒȀ˜‹‰‘„±ǤǡͷǡͲιʹͲǯͻιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣͷǡͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡ Simons, E.L.A.N. 410ȋǡ ȌǢ‘‹–‡‡‹•Ȁ‘‰ƒ”ƒȀ˜‹‰‘„±ǤǡͷǡͲιʹͲǯͻιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣͷǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 482 (LBV,WAG); Parc National Pongara, Pointe Pongara. 0°20.8’N 9°21.2’E, 17 ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 1062 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Forêt Classée de la Mondah, à l’est de la route Libreville-Cap Estérias (piste entre la savane incluse et le marécage à Stipularia). 0°34.65’N 9°20.97’E, 5 ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡLachenaud 1182 (LBV,MO); Mbangtang, rive droite de l’Igombiné, Parc National de la Pongara. 0°03.13’N 9°36.63’E, 8 March 2011 (st), Lachenaud 1227 (LBV,MO); About 20 km N of Libreville. 0°35’N 9°22’E, ʹͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2886 (WAG); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Ouest du Bai Jobo sur une piste de chasseur. 2°13.77’S 13°50.63’E, 8 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 584 (MO); Moyen‰‘‘—±: Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué 100 km S of Libreville. 0°30’S 9°40’E. Alt: 130m, 28 February 1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 810 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Département Ogooue-et-des-Lacs, Lake Oguemoué. 1°03.92’S 10°02.92’E, 16 November 2012 (fr), Quiroz-Villarreal 1923 (WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: mayumba peninsular 15 km S of Maynumba town, the surf of the ocean within hearing distance. 3°30’S 10°44’E. Alt: 5m, 18 February 1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 649 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: M’passa. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 23 March 1977 (st), Florence 80 (P); M’passa. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 19 May 1977 (st), Florence 294 (P); lower ƒ†‹±”‹˜‡”ǤͲιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǡͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMinkébé Series W 523 (WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Cap Lopez. 0°46’S 8°47’E, July 1902 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. s.n. (P); Parc National Loango. 1°57.40’S 9°20.50’E, 11 ƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡMouandza Mbembo 16 (BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Cap Lopez. 0°41’S 8°44’E, 21 February 1894 (st), Dybowski 139ȋȌǢ ƒ„ƒǡ͵‘ˆ‡„‘ǤʹιͶ͵ǤͶǯͳͲιͳʹǤʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡBergen 185 (LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Gamba-E, road from Gambo airport to the north, new laterite road direction ‘plaines’. 2°47.5’S 10°03.7’E, 11 November 1990 (st), Nek 261 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga. East of Divangui. 1°57’S ͳͲιͲͲǯǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 375 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, N of Checkpoint EST. 1°57’S 10°00’E, 19 February 1992 (fr), Schoenmaker, J. 396 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Near Lac Bavinga. 1°39’S 9°51’E, 1 July 1992 (st), Wilks 2592 (MO,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela. 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt: 10m, 30 April 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8250 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela. 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt: 10m, 1 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8281 (E,LBV); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela. 2°00’S 9°23’E. Alt: 10m, 3 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8350 (E,LBV); Loango National Park 1 km west of Iguela Lodge. 1°55’S 9°18’E. Alt: 15m, 4 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8361 (E,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park, Tassisud. 2°07.0’S 9°28.8’E. Alt: 10m, 20 May 2005 (fr), Harris, D.J. 8743 (E,LBV,WAG); 3.6 km SE of Gamba airport, ƒŽ‘‰”‘ƒ†–‘‡”ƒǤʹιͶͺǤͲǯͳͲιͲͶǤͶǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11278 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG). IVORY COAST, ǣ not mentioned but probably Ivory Coast.12 February 1957 (fr), Aubréville, A. 1957/ 106 (P).   , Akwa-Ibom State: Ibeno, on the path from Ibeno to the Western Boundary of Stubbs Creek F.R. Ͷι͵Ͷǯ͹ιͷͻǯǡͳʹƒ›ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOnochie FHI 32094 (K); Edo State: Asaba, central division, South province. ͸ιͳͳǯ͸ιͶͷǯǡ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLeslie, J.C. 31 (K); Sapoba., 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 213 (FHO); side of Jamieson River, near Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 13 November 1949 (fr), Meikle 550 (K,P); Sapado, Jamieson ‹˜‡”Ǥ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 1687 (FHO); Sapoba, SE of Benin, by R. jamieson. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 13 July 3 ’Ǥͻ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 1971 (fr), Lowe, J. 2269ȋȌǢƒ’ƒ†‘ǡ ƒ‹‡•‘‹˜‡”Ǥ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2789 (FHO); Sapado, ƒ‹‡•‘ ‹˜‡”Ǥ ͸ιͲ͸ǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kennedy, J.D. 2823 (FHO); Okomu forest reserve. Nikrowa creek, O.F.R. ͸ιͳͶǯͷιʹͳǯǡʹͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBrenan 9187 (FHO,K); Sapoba, Jameson River between the forestry •–ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡Ǥ‹„‡”„‡ƒ ŠǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͺ —‡ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOnochie FHI 23314 (K). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). 3 ’Ǥͻͺ Campylospermum elongatum (Oliv.) Tiegh. Fig. 9 J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (Febr. 1902). – Gomphia elongata Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 321 (1868). – Ouratea elongataȋŽ‹˜ǤȌ‰ŽǤ‡š ‹Ž‰‹‰ŽǤƬ”ƒ–Žǡƒ–ǤϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤǡ‡†Ǥͳǡ ǡ͸ǣ 142 (Febr. 1893). – Spongopyrena elongata (Oliv.) Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 216 (Apr. 1902). – Type: Mann 77 ȋŠ‘Ž‘–›’‡ǣǨǢ‹•‘–›’‡ǣǨȌǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ Ž‡ Fernando-Po, 1859. Spongopyrena cyanescens Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 201 (June 1902). – Type: Soyaux 179 (holotype: P!; isotype: K!, Z!), Gabon, Sibange-Farm, territoire de Munda, January 1881. Spongopyrena reniformis Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 16: 319 (1902). – Type: Zenker 975 (holotype: P!; isotype: BM!, G!, K!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1896. Treelet, up to 7 m tall, monocaulous or rarely sparingly branched at the top; bark brown. Stipules persistent, triangular, 8–10 mm long. Leaves clustered at the apex of the stem; petiole 5–8 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 18–61 x 4–15 cm, ratio ͶȂͷȋȂ͹Ȍ, base slightly cordate or sometimes rounded, apex acute to acuminate, papery to coriaceous, not bullate, margin distantly serrulate, teeth with a dark tip, upper side glossy dark green, lower side paler, fairly dull; venation: midrib ϐŽƒ–ƒ†•—‡‘—’’‡”•—”ˆƒ ‡ǡangular on the lower, main lateral veins ʹͲȂ͵ͷ on either side, ͹ȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌƒ’ƒ”–, slightly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side, more or less at a right angle to the midrib but curved up towards the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each pair of main lateral, tertiary venation scalariform, running more or less perpendicular to the main lateral veins, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary, unbranched, fairly lax, pendant, its main axis distinctly ϐŽƒ––‡‡†, ʹ͵Ȃ͸ͲȋȂͺ͵Ȍ Ž‘‰, ͶȂͷ™‹†‡ǡ™‹–Š‘—–Ž‡ƒˆ›„”ƒ –•, the ’ƒ”– „‡ƒ”‹‰ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ȋͷȂȌͺȂʹͷ  Ž‘‰Ǣ pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle persistent, –”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ͸Ȃͳͳ  Ž‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡• ͲǤ͵ȂʹǤʹ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂ͵ȋȂ͸ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ bracts tiny. Flower: pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at c. 1 mm from its base; sepals ‘˜ƒ–‡–‘–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹ȂͻšʹȂͶƒ†‰”‡‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–—’–‘ͺȂͳͲš͵Ȃͷƒ† red; petals elliptic, 7–9 x 3 mm, base cuneate, apex acute; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm long; ovary 2 mm high; style c. 6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle —’–‘ͳͲȋȂͳʹȌ™‹†‡; drupelets 3–5 well developed per receptacle, broadly reniform to almost globose, 8–10 x 6–10 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notesǣ•’‡ ‹‡•‡ƒ•‹Ž›”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†„›‹–•”‡ƒ”ƒ„Ž›Ž‘‰ƒ†ϐŽƒ––‡‡†’‡†— Ž‡Ǥ‡ specimen shows cymules elongated into short racemes, which is regarded as a rare mutation. A B K C  L G E O I M F J Figure 9. Campylospermum elongatum. A. Seed, longitudinal section. B. Seed, cross setion. C. Accumbent cotyledons. . Receptacle in fruit, top view. E. Receptacle in fruit, side view. F. Receptacle diagram. G. Flowering branch. HǤ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǤI. Flower bud. J. Sepals top view. K. Flower. L. Stipules. M. Stamens. . Ovary and style. O. Young plant. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳͲ. Distribution of Campylospermum elongatum 3.7 Materials and Methods  H 3 p.99 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͲͲ Distributionǣˆ”‘‹‰‡”‹ƒ–‘ƒ‡”‘‘ǡ•‘—–Š‡”‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͳͲ). Ecologyǣ ‹ ’”‹ƒ”› ƒ† •‡ ‘†ƒ”› ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ ƒŽ•‘ ‹ ”‹˜‡”‹‡ ‘” •‡ƒ•‘ƒŽŽ› ϐŽ‘‘†‡† ”ƒ‹ forest; on sandy soil with humus; at 5–1150 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘: Abé moro (Fang), Bololondgi ȋ‘‘‰‘Ȍǡ†ƒƒƒ•‡•‡ȋ‹ŽƒȌǡ‰„™ƒ’—Ȁ‡‰‹ƒȋƒ„—ƒȀœƒ†±Ȍǡ „ƒ•ƒȋƒ‘–ƒȌǡ Kabesebese (Kinande), Kikusu (Dondolondo), Lengbalangwe Penza (Babua), Lifofa (Turumbu), Ndakamasese (Bila d’Epulu), Ngabi (Mitsogho), Olili Bo Kikereke, Gole, Gwanga, Mondondolindo. IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹǡ͸ͷͶǡ͹ͺͲ2ǡαʹǡͺͲ͵ǡͳ͸Ͳ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹͺͻ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹͻͳ ȌǤ  •’‡ ‹‡• ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† ƒ† ˆƒ‹”Ž› ‘‘ ‹ ‡–”ƒŽ ˆ”‹ ƒǤ Therefore, the status of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: , Central Provinceǣ ƒ‘—†‡ •–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͺͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker; Staudt 134 (K); near Ndanan 2. 3°37’N 11°34’E. Alt: 700m, 22 March 2004 (fr), Darbyshire, I.A. 200 (K,SCA,WAG,YA); près de la mission de Ouassa. 4°54’N 12°36’E, 16 February 1959 (fr), Letouzey 1415 (P); 9 km SW. of Yaoundé, N. of road to Makak, Etoug Ebé, path to Eloumden. 3°50’N 11°28’E. Alt: 750m, 18 July 1961 (st), Breteler 1598 (WAG); Essong. 4°53’N 12°49’E, 6 May 1952 (fr), Letouzey 1852 (P); Makak. 3°33’N 11°02’E, October 1938 (st), Jacques-Félix 2258 (P); Near the village of Lobo 50 km NW of Yaoundé. 3°54’N 11°14’E. Alt: 500m, 30 March 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2264 (P,WAG); 70 km SW. of Eseka. Along the Njong river 15 km SW. of the new bridge. 3°32’N 10°25’E. Alt: 200m, 15 July 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2821 (WAG); Mbalmayo, N of Yaoundé. 3°31’N 11°30’E, 13 December 1957 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 7186 (WAG); 25 km S. of Yaoundé. 3°40’N 11°31’E, 12 December 1957 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 7187 (WAG); Yaounde, colline du Mont Kala. 3°51’N 11°22’E. Alt: 9001150m, 4 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7223 (P); Ototomo Reserve, à 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7254 (P); Yaounde, à environ 40 km au SW sur la route de Makak. 3°44’N 11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7349 (P); Vicinity of Ndanan I, Forest path immediately NE. 3°37.55’N 11°34.82’E. Alt: 700m, 12 October 2002 (fr), Cheek 11014 (K,WAG); East Province: Bouamir et environs. 3°11’N 12°48’E, 3 September 2001 (fr), Nguembou Kamgang 88 (P,YA); Precp. 1400mm. 2°20’N 16°09’E. Alt: ͵ͷͲǡ ͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Harris, D.J. 143 (K,MO,P); environs de Bertoua près de Deng Deng. 4°39’N 13°25’E, 19 December 1955 (fr), Nana, P. 389 (P); Bertoua, 6 km along road to Batouri, junction of road to Bétaré Oya. 4°35’N 13°44’E. Alt: 670m, 17 December 1960 (st), Breteler 854 (P,WAG,YA); 30km NW of Moloundou. 2°15’N 15°05’E. Alt: 440m, 8 December 1982 (fr), Kruif, A.P.M. de 889 (WAG,YA); Along Sanaga river S. of Goyoum, 20 km W. of Deng-Deng. 5°12’N 13°23’E. Alt: 635m, 27 January 1961 (st), Breteler 936 (P,WAG); Doumé. 4°14’N 13°28’E, 1 May 1907 (fr), Hédin, L. 1019 (P); 14 km S. of Yokadouma, road to Moloundou. 3°25’N 15°00’E. Alt: 540m, 22 June 1961 (st), Breteler 1545 (WAG); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve. 45 km South of Lidjombo, NDAKAN gorilla study area. Precp. 1400 m. 2°21’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 6 November ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 1556 (K,MO); Sud Dimako, rive droite de la rivière Mbonda. (Bertoua). 4°14’N 13°27’E, 18 January 1960 (fr), Letouzey 2673ȋȌǢ‘—–‡ǡ‡”–‘—ƒǤͶιͷ͸ǯͳ͵ιͳͻǯǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 2891 ȋȌǢ’”°•†‡ ‘›‘—Ǥͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 3338 (P); 15 km au SSW de Koso, village situé à 60 km au SSW de Batouri. 3°46’N 14°05’E, 26 July 1963 (fr), Letouzey 5499 (P); Km. 29 of road BertouaBétaré Oya. Near Gounté. 4°45’N 13°50’E. Alt: 750m, 9 June 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5809 (WAG); Djembe road head, 300 m south of camp, edge of Sangha. 2°12’N 16°05’E, 17 October 1998 (st), Harris, D.J. 5935 (E); Lac Lobeke Reserve 40 km west of Djembe. 2°09’N 15°44’E, 18 October 1998 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5973 (E,MO,WAG); 7 km W. of Yokadouma, along path to Lomié. 3°31’N 15°00’E. Alt: 550m, 13 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6071 (WAG); Lobeke Reserve. Small Bai. 2°17’N 15°43’E, 1 November 1998 (st), Harris, D.J. 6113 (E); 18 km W. of Yokadouma, 6 km W. of Mbol. 3°30’N 14°57’E. Alt: 550m, 17 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6175 (BAS,P,WAG); ‘„‡‡ ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ —””‘—†‹‰• ‘ˆ Œƒ‰‹ ƒ‹Ǥ ʹιͳͻǯ ͳͷιͶ͸ǯǡ ͷ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Harris, D.J. 6233 3.7 Materials and Methods (E,MO,WAG); 5 km N. of Lomié, near Bingongol. 3°12’N 13°38’E. Alt: 650m, 11 September 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6634 (WAG); Rive de la Boumba à 40 km SSW Yokadouma, près Nouveau Ngato-Madjwé. 3°15’N ͳͶιͷͺǯǡͳͺƒ” ŠͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡMeijer, W. 15177 (WAG); Littoral: Forstexpedition. 3°44’N 11°10’E, 1908 (fr), Büsgen 135ȋȌǢ‘‰‘Ǧ‘Š‘ȋ‘—ƒ‘ȌǤ͵ι͵͹ǯͻιͷ͸ǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMezili 240 (K); Pongo-Songo ȋ‘—ƒ‘Ȍ†‡ƒǤ͵ι͵ͻǯͻιͶͻǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 240 (P); ‘”–Š”‘˜‹ ‡: Relict forest near Kumba. 4°36’N 9°26’E. Alt: 150m, 17 February 1985 (fr), Thomas, D.W. 4392 (MO); South Province: Bipindi. ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲʹȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n.ȋȌǢ‹’‹†‹”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO,G); 15 km S Lolodorf, 6 km NE Ebom (plot I2-azobé 48). 3°06.2’N 10°43.7’E. Alt: 400m, 19 September 1995 (fr), Winter, A.J. de 29 (WAG); Mbouma et environs. 2°44’N 13°04’E, 31 July 2001 (fr), Nguembou Kamgang 73 (YA); environs d’Oveng, 8 km W. de Nyabessan. 2°24’N 10°21’E, 27 November 1982 (fr), Nkongmeneck 368 (P); Lolodorf. 3°14’N 10°43’E, (fr), Staudt 730 ȋǡ ǡ ǡǡǡȌǢ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 975 (BM,G,K,S,W,WAG,Z); c. 50km E of Campo, in Reserve de Faune de Campo. 2°22’N 10°09’E. Alt: 500m, 12 ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kruif, A.P.M. de 1086 (WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.13’N 10°20.45’E. Alt: 97m, 30 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1243 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo Ma’an area, Melen. 2°19.4’N ͳͲιʹͲǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹͲǡʹͶ —‡ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡElad 1594 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Bitye, near the River Ja. 3°01’N 12°22’E, 4 April 1921 (st), Bates, G.L. 1830 (K); C. 15 km South of Ebolowa. 2°50’N 11°10’E, 28 February 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1978 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1899 (fr), Zenker 1979 (BM,E,G,K); Campo-Ma’an ƒ”‡ƒǡƒ„‹‘‰‘ǡ‹’‹ƒ” •Žƒ†ǤʹιͳͷǤ͹ǯͻιͷʹǤ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲǡʹͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2390 ȋ  ǡ ȌǢ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡZenker 3168 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,Z); 7,5 km from ”‹„‹ǡ ʹ   ‘ˆ „‘Ž‘™ƒ ”‘ƒ† ʹιͷͶǯ ͻιͷ͹ǯǡ ʹ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bos, J.J. 3389 (WAG); Bipindi, Bipindihof, Zenker Gardens. Pipeline route, across road to Ebom and Akom II. 3°04’N 10°24’E. Alt: 35m, 7 June ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Andel, T.R. van 3513 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Bipindi, Bipindihof, Zenker Gardens, Nkol Mabimbi., 3°04’N 10°24’E, 8 June 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3532 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Campo Ma’an area, road Nko Elon˜‹‹Ǥ‘Ǧ‡”›ƒ–‘ Ǥʹιʹ͵ǤͻǯͳͲιͲͶǤ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͷǡͳʹ —‡ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3615 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1908 (st), Zenker 3672 (BM,G,K,US,Z); Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1909 (fr), Zenker 3864 (BM,K,US); 28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road. 3°02’N 10°07’E, 8 April 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 4297 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Ngusi, rive mungo. 3°00’N 10°00’E, 26 January 1986 (fr), Breyne, H. 5056 (BR); 36 km N. of Kribi, Edea road, Lokoundjé river at Ebéa falls. 3°11’N 10°02’E, 30 December 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 6020 (BAS,WAG); 7 km from Kribi, Ebolowa road, few km N. of road. 2°55’N 9°58’E, 17 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6576 (WAG); 65 km au NE de Kribi. 3°04’N 10°24’E, 27 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7172 (P); 7.5 km from Kribi, few km N. of Ebolowa road. 2°56’N 9°57’E, 24 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7262 (WAG); Station du Cacaoyer de N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam. Along the Seng river. 2°49’N 11°08’E. Alt: 470m, 8 April 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8151 (WAG); Mebemonko (20 km NO d’Oveng). 2°33’N 12°10’E, 24 October 1966 (fr), Letouzey 8172 (P); 30 km SE of Bipindi. 2°55’N 10°35’E, 26 February 1993 (fr), Breteler 12019 (WAG); Campo Region. Dipikar island. 2°14.0’N 9°53.0’E. Alt: 5m, 10 December 1998 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 12126 (WAG); Campo Reserve. Near the village Ebianemeyong, not very far from the Ntem River. 2°24.3’N 10°21.4’E. Alt: 400m, 11 December 1998 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 12143 (WAG); près Ndogtima Nyong, 15 km NE de l’embouchure Nyong. 3°23’N 10°00’E, 3 February 1974 (fr), Letouzey 12870 (P); South-West Province: R.F. d’Ejagham, environ 42 km W. Manfe. 5°45’N 8°54’E, 22 September 1984 (fr), Onana 20 (P); Tiko. 4°05’N ͻιʹʹǯǡ ͻ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻʹ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dunlap 92 ȋȌǢ ‘ŠƒǦŽ„”‡ Š–•ŠÚŠ‡ǡ ”™ƒŽ‰†‡„‹‡–Ǥ Ͷι͵ͺǯ ͻιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Staudt 555 (COI,S); Mokoko forest reserve. 4°27’N 8°59’E, 1 May 1994 (fr), Sonké 1099 (BR); route KumbaMamfe, 14 km après village Baduma. 4°51.5’N 9°27.6’E. Alt: 251m, 2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1265 (LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°33.23’N 9°23.00’E. Alt: 170m, 4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1297 (LBV,WAG,YA); Near Ekoumbé village, S. of Mbonge, Kumba area, W. Cameroon. 4°29’N 9°09’E, 23 July 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5104 (BAS,WAG); 40 km north of Kumba on Mmfe road, along Mungo River by Kurume Hammock bridge. 4°57’N 9°28’E, January 1986 (fr), Thomas, D.W. 5412 (B,WAG); South Bakundu forest Reserve, Kendongi. 4°32’N 9°25’E, 14 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7298 (P); along the footpath from Esukutang to Ekogate. Starting 5 Km west of Esukutang. 5°25’N 9°04’E. Alt: 250m, 30 May ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 8044 (WAG); Lake Ejaghan forest reserve. 5°46’N 9°17’E, 6 March 1963 (fr), White, F. 8607 (FHO); Bopo, S. Bakundu Forest Reserve, Banga. 4°38’N 9°25’E, 11 March 1948 (fr), Brenan 9271 ȋ ǡȌǢ„‡–™‡‡͸Ͳƒ†ͺͲ Š•Ǥ‘Ž‹‡͵™‡•–ǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡEjiofor FHI 14022 (FHO); —„ƒ†‹•–”‹ –ǡ‘„‘Ǧ‘—–Š‡”ƒ‘•‹‹ǤǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 30577 (K); ƒ„—‘ ǤǤǡ‡ƒ”—‡‘˜ƒǤͶιʹͷǯͻιͳͶǯǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡKeay FHI 37464 (FHI,K).    , Lobaye: Ngotto, zone conservation LC1. 3°59’N 17°09’E, 6 May 1996 (st), Zawa s.n. (BRLU); La Maboke. 3°54’N 17°53’E, 29 August 1968 (fr), Badré 167 (P); Boukoko. 3°54’N 17°56’E, 10 3 ’ǤͳͲͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͲʹ ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTisserant (Équipe) 238 (BM,P); site ECOFAC. 4°01’N 17°19’E, 22 April 2000 (st), Yongo 418 (BRLU); Mbaiki. 3°53’N 18°00’E, January 1945 (st), Tisserant (Équipe) 3738 (P); Lole forest, 70 km S.W. of Bangui. 3°53’N 18°06’E, 10 December 1969 (st), Hepper 4158 (K); Ombella M’poko: Bangui. 4°20’N 18°33’E, 18 December 1904 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 11025 (P); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Bai Hoku, 25 km E of Bayanga. 2°57’N 16°28’E. Alt: 400m, 15 April 1987 (st), Harris, D.J. s.n. (E); Ndakan., 2°21’N 16°09’E, April 1994 (st), Kuroda 55 (E); 45 km S of Lidjombo; Ndakan gorilla study area. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 30 November 1989 (fr), Harris, D.J. 2236 (MO,WAG); Dzangha from camp to saline, 11 km NE of Bayanga. 2°57’N 16°21’E, 19 October 1993 (fr), Harris, D.J. 3533 (E,WAG); Dzangha camp, 11 km NE of Bayanga. 2°57’N 16°21’E, 5 December 1993 ȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 3906 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga Kongana research camp. From camp to southern trail, west of Kongana stream. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 3 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4449 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 15 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4616 (E); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 5 June 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 5087 (E,WAG).   ȋ Ȍ, Cuvetteǣ ƒ›‘ „ƒ†œƒ ȋ ȌǤ Ͳι͵͸ǯ ͳͷιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹͳ —‰—•– ͳͻͻͷ ȋˆ”Ȍǡ Kouka 340ȋǡȌǢ†œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ’‹•–‡„ƒ†œƒǡ ƒ’ƒ”ƒ˜ƒ–ǤͲιͶʹǯͳͶι͵͸ǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Bitsindou, M. 462 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, entre le Camp Mboko et l’embarcadère. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 9 ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Diafouka 561 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, entre le Camp Mboko et l’embarcadère. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 9 December 1993 (fr), Diafouka 569 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, Olouma, poste de garde à la limite Est du Parc, sur la Mambili. 0°33’N 15°08’E, 2 February 1995 (fr), Champluvier 5362 (BR); Odzala National Park, environ 35 km NE de Mbomo, domaine de chasse de Mboko. Lékénié, près du camp Mboko. 0°36’N 14°54’E, 9 February 1995 (fr), Champluvier 5382 (BR); Odzala National Park, rivière Mambili, de Moba vers Ekagna, à 4 h de pirogue de Moba. 0°58’N 16°01’E, 22 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 151 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, entre village Mbanza et le layon de Mbanza (à 10 km au nord du village). 0°37’N 14°00’E, 30 January 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 409 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, le Belvedere. 1°04’N 14°29’E, 23 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 821 (BRLU); Odzala N.P. Saline Mbouébé. 0°50’N 14°47’E, 10 February 1994 (fr), Lisowski C 106 (BRLU,K); Kouilou: Route de Kakamoeka à la Loundji, Mayombe. 4°10’S 12°00’E, 21 March 1969 (fr), Attims 87 ȋ ȌǢ ‡• ƒ”ƒ•ǡ ’‹•–‡ ‘ϐ‹„‘‹• ‡˜Ǥ ͺ  ƒ˜ƒ– Ž‡ ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ Ͷιʹʹǯ ͳʹιʹͳǯǡͳ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡForesta 1476 (P); bord de route Dumanga, (M’Bokan). 4°23’S 12°15’E, September 1950 (fr), Koechlin 1523 (P); route du chantier de Boungolo, Pointe Noire. 4°07’S 11°57’E, 31 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡFarron 4875 (P); Louvoulou, chantier forestier (Mayombe) Pointe Noire. 4°21’S 12°08’E, 4 February 1966 (fr), Farron 4962 (P); chantier forestier de Noyettes, Fourastié (Pointe Noire). 4°29’S 12°15’E, 8 February 1966 (st), Farron 5057 (P); ±‘—‘—: chantier forestier de Manderi, 20 km S.E de Sibiti. 3°45’S 13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4526 (P); chantier forestier de Manderi, 20 km S.E de Sibiti. 3°45’S 13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4534 (P); Likouala: sous-préfecture d’Impfondo, village de Mohitou. 1°37’N 18°00’E, 21 January 1966 (st), Bouquet, A. 2015 (P); Bangui. Poste de Ballois. 0°24’N 17°53’E, 20 December 1903 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 10982 (P); Pool: Bangou, 1 km E. campement Meya (Kindamba). 3°40’S 14°40’E, 27 April 1965 (fr), Farron 4080 (P); Sangha: secteur forestier nord, UFA Pokola. 1°11’N 16°46’E, 14 ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGillet, J.-.F. 77 (BR); Nouablé-Ndoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 37.84 km E †‡‘ƒ••ƒǤʹιͳͳǤͺǯͳ͸ι͵ͳǤ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͹͵ǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNdolo Ebika 268 (E,WAG); 2.5 km NNE of ‘ƒ••ƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥʹιͳ͵Ǥͷͳǯͳ͸ιͳͳǤ͹ʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 9682 (E,IEC).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bandundu: Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 21 November 1990 (fr), Masens, B. 625 (BR,WAG); Bankaie. 2°22’S 18°25’E, 21 September 1953 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 14858 (BR); Equateur: Ingolo. 0°11’S 18°28’E, ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Ledoux 18 (BR); Bofonge de Likote. 1°02’N 21°56’E, 15 May 1935 (fr), Collart 23 (BR); environ de Likimi. 2°50’N 20°45’E, 30 April 1910 (fr), Malchair 42 (BR); Yumoandja de Likote. 1°03’N 21°56’E, 21 May ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCollart 70 (BR); Boyasegese. 3°29’N 20°32’E, 18 October 1954 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 84 (BR); Lukolela. 1°30’S 17°12’E, 6 July 1906 (fr), Pynaert 230 ȋȌǢ ‘†ƒ‰ƒ„‘Ǥ ͵ιͶͷǯ ʹͲιʹͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Evrard, C.M. 333ȋȌǢ‡†Œ‹ǡ‡˜‹”‘†‡‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͲͶǯͳͺιͳͲǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLebrun 368 (BR); ‘‡†‡ǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͲιͷʹǯǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻͶͳȋϐŽȌǡHulstaert 373 (BR); Lokolenge. 1°11’N 22°40’E, 21 May 1927 (st), Ghesquière 703 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E, April 1939 (fr), Dubois, L. 1022 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E, ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡMortehan 1067ȋȌǢ‘‡†‡ǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͲιͷʹǯǡʹͶ —Ž›ͳͻͶͶȋϐŽȌǡHulstaert 1339 (BR); Boende. 0°03’S 20°58’E, 24 July 1944 (fr), Hulstaert 1389 (WAG); Zongo. 4°21’N 18°36’E, 13 July 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 2556 (BR); Solengi (Befale). 0°28’N 20°57’E, 19 February 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3499 (WAG); Befale. 0°28’N 20°57’E, 18 June 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4261 (K,WAG); Yalikungu (Mondombe). 0°42’S 22°36’E, 10 January 1959 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 5518 (BR); Kasai-Occidental: route Bena Kabangala-Lubi. 6°49’S 22°54’E, 7 February 1957 (st), Liben 2426 (BM,BR); Maniema: bloc Sanga-Elundu (Kibombo). 3°12’S 25°51’E, 9 April 1959 (fr), Gaillez 219 ȋȌǢ ”‘—–‡ —„—–—  ͶͶǤ Ͳιͳͺǯ ʹͷιʹͺǯǡ ͳͷ —‡ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Ndjele 269 (BR); route Lubutu 3.7 Materials and Methods  ͶͶǤ Ͳιͳͺǯ ʹͷιʹͺǯǡ ͳͷ —‡ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Ndjele 305 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: Irango (Madiwe). 0°30’N 29°17’E, October 1938 (fr), Gille 38 ȋȌǢ ƒ’ƒŽƒǤ ͳιʹ͹ǯ ʹͺιͲͶǯǡ ͳͶ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Léonard, A. 1666 (BR); ”‘—–‡‡œ‡Ž—„‡ǡ‘”–Š‘ˆ™‡†ƒǤͲιʹͷǯʹͻιͶ͸ǯǡͳ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡOsmaston 2630 (BR); Nyaferenge; Walikale. 1°25’S 28°03’E. Alt: 790m, 19 June 1959 (fr), Léonard, A. 4673 (WAG); Orientale: Lenda. 1°19’N 28°38’E. Alt: 750m, 16 November 1997 (fr), Amsini 47 (BR); Ituri Forest, Nduye. 1°50’N 28°59’E, 31 October 1989 (fr), Ichikawa, M. 89 (BR); Bambesa, Uélé. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 24 June 1942 (fr), Dubois, H. 248 (BM,BR); ‡†ƒǤ ͳιʹͶǯ ʹͺι͵ͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͷͲǡ ʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Mokbondo 382 (K,MO,WAG); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 23 October 1952 (st), Gérard, P. 448 (BR,K); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 15 June 1953 (fr), Maudoux 606 (BR); environ de Bambesa, Uele. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 1936 (fr), Pittery, R. 624 (BR); environ de Bambesa, Uele. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 1936 (fr), Pittery 628 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, March 1944 (fr), Dubois, H. 749 (BR); ÁŽ‡‘‰‘Ž‘‹•ƒ‰ƒ‹ǤͲι͵ͶǯʹͷιͲͶǯǤŽ–ǣͶʹͲǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡMandango 772 (BR); Yalibutu. 1°04’N 24°40’E, 4 October 1961 (fr), Bolema 793 (BR); Parc National de Maïko, au Nord du village Ubukala., 0°54’S 27°03’E, 7 January 1977 (fr), Lejoly 853ȋȌǢ –—”‹ ‘”‡•–Ǥͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹͺ —Ž›ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 1072 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 9 September 1958 (fr), Léonard, A. 1171 (BR,K); Kalagwa (Panga). ͳιͷͳǯʹ͸ιʹͷǯǡʹ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBequaert 1602 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au Nord de —„—–—ǡ±±Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰—‡––ƒ„‡ǤͲιʹͲǯʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡʹ —‡ͳͻ͹͹ (st), Lejoly 1721 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au Nord de Lubutu, Péné Aluta, rive droite de la Maïko, ‡–”‡ Ž‡• ƒˆϐŽ—‡–• —‰— ‡– –ƒ„‡Ǥ ͲιʹͲǯ ʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡ ʹ —‡ ͳͻ͹͹ ȋˆ”Ȍǡ Lejoly 1808 (BR); Banalia, Rivière Aruwimi, entre Yambuya et Mongandjo. 1°19’N 24°25’E, 21 January 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 2148 (K,WAG); Yangambi, route Bengamisa Km 20. 0°46’N 24°27’E, March 1936 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2184 (BR); Yangambi, ±•‡”˜‡„‘–ƒ‹“—‡†‡Žǯ ••ƒŽ‘‡ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡͳʹ —‡ͳͻ͵͸ȋˆ”ȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2240 (BR); Yangambi, Km 8,4 de la route de Ngazi. 0°53’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 25 August 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 2506 (BR); Yangambi, Km 8 au nord-ouest. 0°52’N 24°24’E. Alt: 470m, 8 November 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 2814 (BR); Angodia. 3°32’N ʹͷιͶ͹ǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 2989 (BR,P); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 5 October 1951 (st), Donis 3120 (BR,K); Km 52, route de Kisangani vers Bafwasende (route de l’Ituri), réserve forestière. 0°29’N 25°39’E, ʹͶ —‡ ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lejoly 3778 (BR); Rubi (Buta). 2°43’N 25°16’E, 26 June 1958 (fr), Gérard, P. 3924 (BR); Yangambi, à 6 Km au nord-ouest du poste, plateau de la Mbutu. 0°51’N 24°20’E. Alt: 470m, 30 May 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 4001 (BR); Yangambi à 6 km au N.W. du poste plateau de la Mbutu. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 30 May 1937 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 4005 (C,K); Yangambi, village Yayoli. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 4 March 1960 (fr), Devred 4199 (BR); ÁŽ‡‘‰‘Ž‘Žƒ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡†‡Žƒ‹†‹‡–†—ϐŽ‡—˜‡ƒÃ”‡ǤͲι͵ͶǯʹͷιͲͷǯǡͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 4417 (BR); Km 30, route de Kisangani à Wanie-Rukula, 5km à l’Est de la route (exploitation forestière). 0°25’N ʹͷιʹ͹ǯǡʹͻ —‡ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 5223 (BR); Digba-Ango. Akare entre rivière Bili et Asa. 4°23’N 25°48’E, 7 December 1963 (st), Gérard, P. 5647 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 5907 (BR,K,P); à l’Ouest de la Lindi, au N de Yakusu, à 7km de la road pour Yangambi. 0°35’N 25°01’E, 17 November 1982 (fr), Pauwels 6580 (BR); peu en aval de Yakusu. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 21 March 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8526 (B,FHO); Yangambi, tête de source de Isolowe. 0°46’N 24°30’E, 18 May 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 9421 (BR,K); Yangole, à 20 ǡŽǯ‘—‡•–†‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͷͲǯʹͶιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 12103 (BR); Yangambi, vallée de la Bonyi. 0°46’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 10 November 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12519 (BR); Yaluwe sur le Lomami. 0°07’S 24°12’E, 18 January 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 13349 (C); Yatolema-Bambole. 0°09’N 24°20’E. Alt: 470m, February 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 14092 (BR).    , Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ ‡”ƒ†‘‘‘Ǥ͵ι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǡͳͺͷͻȋϐŽȌǡMann, G. 77 (K,P); Malabo-Cupapa, km 22-23, camino de la fuente de agua mineral, 32NMK9005, 200 m. 3°40’N 8°55’E, 31 ƒ›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 3464 (K,MA); Cerca de Cupapa, camino de la fuente de aguas sulfurosas, ͵ʹͻͲͲͷǡ ʹͲͲ ǡ „‘•“—‡ „ƒ•–ƒ–‡ †‡•‘Ǥ ͵ιͶͲǯ ͺιͷͷǯǡ ͻ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Fernández Casas 11399 (K,MA); Rio Muni: 27 May 1999 (st), Eneme Efua 197 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); 28 July 1999 (st), Eneme Efua 469 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 12 March 1997 (fr), Ngomo 56 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 178 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 185m, 10 February 2001 (st), Senterre 179 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 25 June 1998 (fr), Ngomo 376 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 31 October 1998 (fr), Ngomo 533 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 200m, 3 March 2001 (st), Senterre 584 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio ‘Ž‘’‘—”ƒŽŽ‡”ƒ—š ƒ–ƒ”ƒ –ƒ•Ǥͳι͵͹ǤͶͻǯͳͲιͲͶǤͷ͵ǯǡͳͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡSenterre 1787 (BRLU); S. du parc National de Monte Alen, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Esamalana. 1°31.29’N 10°12.20’E. Alt: 540m, 3 January ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSenterre 2120 (BRLU); N. du parc National de Monte Alen, à proximité du transect ECOFAC de 3 ’ǤͳͲ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͲͶ Monte Chocolate, à 160 m de l’origine. 1°46.12’N 10°16.80’E. Alt: 500m, 14 November 2002 (st), Senterre 3417ȋȌǢ‡–”‘—”Ǥƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž±ǡ ƒ„ƒÓƒ†‡ŽŽƒ‰‘Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡͷ —Ž›ͳͻͻͻȋˆ”Ȍǡ Velayos 9518 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen. 1°39’N 10°18’E, 4 October 94 (fr), Lejoly 94/ 131 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Apiladero de Jandje (4 km à l’’Est du village), réserve de Ndote. 1°29’N 9°34’E, 20 August 1997 (fr), Eneme Efua 115 (BRLU); Ayamiken, reserve de Rio Campo. 2°07’N 10°01’E, 1 February 1997 (fr), Obama 143 (BRLU); région continentale, Sud ouest de Ayamiken. 2°06’N 10°01’E, 30 April 1997 (fr), Obama 199ȋȌǢ‹–‘”ƒŽǣ‡†Œ‡ͳǡͶ͹†‡Žƒ ƒ””‡–‡”ƒ†‡‘‰‘Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳ —‡ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPérez Viso 2914 (MA); Litoral: Mokomo, Km 19 de la carretera de Kogo. 1°09’N 9°49’E, 4 September 2000 (fr), Pérez Viso 3898 (MA); Bata-Río Campo. Estrada km 48-49. 2°06’N 9°53’E, 16 May 1991 (fr), Carvalho, M.F. de 4676 ȋǡ ȌǢƒ–ƒǦ‹‡ˆƒ‰ǣ•–”ƒ†ƒ͵ͷǤ†‹”‡ ‹×†‡†Œƒ’‡ƒŽƒœ‘ƒ†‡‘ƒ›žǤ–”‡ƒƒ›‘ƒ›žǤ ͳιͷͳǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5777 (BRLU,MA); Ndote Nord, près du village Jandye. 1°27’N 9°32’E, 28 August 1997 (fr), Lisowski 149 (BRLU); ‹‘—‹ǡ‡Ž‡œƒ•: inselberg de Akoak Ebanga, à 1h de marche du village de Ngong Mocomo, à 10 km de Nsork. 1°04’N 11°12’E. Alt: 580m, 31 May 2002 (st), Parmentier 3558 (BRLU). , Estuaire: environ de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, May 1917 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. s.n. (P); La Nkoulounga. 0°36’N 9°46’E, 19 June 1958 (st), Touzet 23 (P); Libreville. Parcelle 1: Arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Ž–ǣͷͲǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 56 (LBV,WAG); Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, 1891 (fr), Jolly 62 (P); Parc National de la Pongara. Sur la route entre la pointe Ouingombé et le camp de Kenguéré de Gabon Environnement. Dans l’ancienne plantation de manguier et des bambous de Chine. 0°18.5’N 9°19.8’E. Alt: ʹͲǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDauby 63 (BRLU,LBV); La Nkoulounga. 0°36’N 9°46’E, 26 January 1959 (st), Touzet 124 (P); in ditione Munda. 0°25’N 9°29’E, 16 January 1881 (fr), Soyaux 179 (K,P,Z); Libreville, arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E. 7 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 268 (LBV,WAG); Libreville. Parcelle 1: ”„‘”‡–— †‡ ‹„ƒ‰Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͻιʹͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͲǡ ͷ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Simons, E.L.A.N. 283 (LBV,WAG); surroundings of Libreville. 0°24’N 9°28’E, 15 September 1899 (fr), Klaine 398 (FHO,K,P); Libreville. Arboretum de Sibang, Parcelle I. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 50m, 11 January 2000 (st), Simons, E.L.A.N. 619 (LBV,WAG); Département de Noya, Parc Naional d’Akanda, Path from débarcader to NO Ayong. 0°54.69’N 9°40.32’E. Alt: 44m, 13 September 2012 (st), Quiroz-Villarreal 1642 (WAG); Nyonyie survey, Plaine des Images, c.3250 m on transect N. 0°00.2’S 9°23.0’E, 10 July 1990 (fr), Wilks 2148 (MO,WAG); au débarcadère Remboué I. 0°12’S ͳͲιͲͳǯǡʹͺ —‡ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLouis, A.M. 3258 (LBV,WAG); environs de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, 26 April 1917 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 33662 (P); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt: 441m, 17 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 897 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m, ͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 924 (LBV,WAG); 4 km road Okondja to Akiéni. 0°39.8’S 13°42.6’E. Alt: ͶͺͲǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 6292 (LBV,MO,WAG); 40 km on road Okondja to Akiéni, then 2 km on a new CEB forestry road heading East. 0°53.8’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 420m, 6 February 2008 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 6502 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͳͳǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡThollon 65 (P); N’Djolé, région de l’Ogooué. 0°11’S 10°45’E, 22 July 1896 (fr), Klaine 66 (P); 20 km S of Ezanga Lake near Lambaréné. 1°05’S 10°16’E, 30 January 1991 (st), Nek 586 (WAG); 30 km ENE of Lambaréné, 10 km ENE of Bellevue. Ͳι͵ͶǤͻǯͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡ͸’”‹ŽͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2660 (WAG); 31 km ENE of Lambaréné, 11 km E of Bellevue. 0°36’S 10°29’E. Alt: 40m, 7 April 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2675 (LBV,MO,WAG); forest near ‡ŽŽ‡˜—‡Ǥ”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›Ž‘‰‰‡†ˆ‘”‡•–ƒ†–”ƒ •ǤͲι͵ͶǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͻ —‡ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 6676 (LBV,MO,WAG); environs du village N’Gomo sur l’Ogooué. 0°50’S 9°59’E, 4 September 1912 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 26442 (P); ‰‘—‹±: Waka forest exploitation road. 1°18’S 10°57’E. Alt: 370m, 19 November 1984 (fr), Arends 316 (WAG); après le pont du village Doudou, piste tout au long de la rivière Doudo (route MouilaFougamou). 1°46’S 10°55’E. Alt: 89m, 27 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 595 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné road. 1°11.1’S 10°28.2’E. Alt: 179m, 29 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 642 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné road. 1°09.7’S 10°25.6’E. Alt: 204m, 29 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 646 (LBV,WAG); Massif du Chaillu, near Guévedé village, ± 40 km N. of Lébamba. 1°55’S 11°25’E. Alt: 500m, 30 November 1983 (st), Louis, A.M. 1057 (LBV,WAG); concession CBG, ± 20 km à l’ouest de Mandji. 1°44.0’S 10°12.5’E. Alt: 67m, 30 July 2008 (fr), Dauby 1089ȋǡǡȌǢ˜ƒŽŽ±‡†‡Žƒƒƒǡʹ͹†— ‘ϐŽ—‡–‰‘—‹±ǦƒƒǤͳιͳ͸ǯͳͲιͷͻǯǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wilks 1187 (BRLU,C,E,G,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route exploitation forestière EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.26’S 10°42.47’E. Alt: 49m, 22 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1437 (LBV,WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route Nimbié-Ikobé. 0°58.98’S 10°41.64’E. Alt: 114m, 22 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1441 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée 3.7 Materials and Methods école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1450 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.80’S 10°42.33’E. Alt: 83m, 25 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1465 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.07’S ͳͲιͶͶǤ͵͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͳͷǡ ʹͷ —‡ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1475 (LBV,WAG); forestry road km 10 leading in N †‹”‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘”‘ƒ†˜‘—–ƒǦ‰Š‘—„‹ ƒ’ǤͲιͷͺǤ͵ͺǯͳͳιͲͺǤ͹ͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͻͲǡʹ͵ƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSosef 2523 ȋǡ ȌǢ Šƒ–‹‡” ‡”‘›ǡ ”‘—–‡ ‘—‹ŽƒǦ‡‘Ǥ ͳιͷͻǯ ͳͳιͳͻǯǡ ͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 2711 (BR,MO,WAG); upper Waka area, 13 km on IFL forestry road B2. 1°20.7’S 10°52.1’E. Alt: 200m, 28 March 2004 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 5114 (LBV,MO,WAG); Mouila. 1°50’S 11°00’E, January 1925 (st), Le Testu 5194 (BM,P); 50 km ‘ˆƒ„ƒ”±±ǤͳιͲͶǯͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡ͵Ͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 5754 (WAG); 0°48.98’S 10°30.40’E. Alt: 49m, 18 October 2012 (fr), Sonké 6090 (MO); 22 km along a track in a northern direction from Doussala. 2°12’S 10°36’E. Alt: 100m, 4 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9153 (WAG); 15 km N. of Doussala. 2°11’S 10°39’E. Alt: 160m, 19 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9460 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 18 km on forest exploitation –”ƒ ˆ”‘‹Ž‡‰—‹–‘‘—‹Žƒǡ‰‘—Ž‘—‹˜‡”„”‹†‰‡ǤͳιͷͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 10480 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Dikaki Chantier. Bindolo R. basin, NW of Fougamou. 1°15’S 10°29’E. Alt: 300m, 20 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14003 (LBV,WAG); between Yombi and Fougamou, E slope of Koumounabouali ridge. 1°20’S 10°40’E, 22 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14064 (LBV,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: route Tchibanga-Mayumba. 3°05.7’S 10°48.9’E, 19 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 325 (LBV,WAG); route TchibangaMayumba. 3°05.7’S 10°48.9’E, 19 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 329 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende. 2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 514 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende. 2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 517 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende. 2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 518 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé (route Ndende-Mouila). 2°16.0’S 11°16.1’E. Alt: 116m, 27 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 582 (LBV,WAG); Monts ‘—†‘—ǡ „”‹‰ƒ†‡ †‡ Žƒ ‘—ƒŽƒ„ƒ  ‘”‹†‹Ǥ ʹι͵Ͷǯ ͳͲιͶͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ͳͻ ƒ” Š ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Sosef 840 ȋȌǢ Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǤʹιͷͲǯͳͳιͲͲǯǡͶ—‰—•–ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLe Testu 1080 (BM); Inventory; chantier CEB, ca 50 km SW of Doussala; 2°36’S 10°35’E. Alt: 480m, 21 August 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1344 (WAG); Pélé Mountains 27 km on the road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza (counted from the bifurcation with road to Mayumba), village Birougou, and then 12 km on a track in SW direction to village Bikamba, from there following track in direction of the hills. 3°16’S 11°17’E. Alt: 350m, 5 April 2009 (fr), Sosef 2628 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains, Chantier SNF-Bakker. 2°42.7’S 10°25.3’E. Alt: 130m, 29 November 2003 (fr), Jongkind 5831 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Ivindo: Lopé Reserve rue de la cascade near broken bridge. 0°11’S 11°34’E, 13 February 1998 (fr), Leal, M.E. 41ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ–ƒ–‹‘†ǯ±–—†‡•†‡• ‘”‹ŽŽ‡•‡–Š‹’ƒœ±•ǡ‘’±ǤͲιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǯǡʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ McDonald, K.E. 43 (E); Bélinga, mines de fer. 1°06’N 13°12’E. Alt: 900m, 13 August 1966 (st), Hallé & Le Thomas 456 (P); à l’ouest du Chantier Mitendi. 0°36’S 11°42’E. Alt: 350m, 21 October 1999 (fr), Sosef 586 (LBV,WAG); Lopé-Okanda Game Reserve, between Achouka and Kongo-Boumba, ± 1 km S. of camp. 0°06’S 11°30’E. Alt: 200m, 10 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 597 (WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers ‘‰—±ȋ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ͲȌǤͲιʹ͹ǯͳͳιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣʹͺͲǡͷƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1031 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, 42 km sur la route Lopé-Kassamabika. 0°08.28’S 11°42.87’E. Alt: 250m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1037ȋǡ ȌǢ‘”†Ǧ•–†—ƒ” †‡Žƒ‘’±ǡƒ ‹‡‡”‘—–‡‘’±“—‹°‡‘‘—±ǤͲιͲ͹Ǥͷ͸ǯ 11°46.63’E. Alt: 211m, 6 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1044 (LBV,WAG); Parc d’Ipassa makokou, après château d’eau. 0°31’N 12°48’E. Alt: 350m, 10 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1092 (LBV,WAG); Lope, Point de Vue. 0°10.0’S 11°34.7’E. Alt: 600m, 19 August 2012 (fr), Towns 1127 (LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°11.50’S 11°36.30’E. Alt: 302m, 6 ‡’–‡„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTowns 1136 (LBV,WAG); route Makokou-Mekambo. 0°45’N 13°14’E. Alt: 619m, 13 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1179 (LBV,WAG); Masaha, NE de Makokou. 0°44’N 13°11’E, 25 February 1961 (st), Hallé, N. 1309 ȋȌǢ ˜‹†‘ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ”ǡ ƒ’ ±Ž±’Šƒ–Ǥ Ͳιͳͷǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͺ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Moungazi 1532 ȋǡ ȌǢͳͺ†‡‘—ƒ‡›‘‰ǤͲιͲͶǯͳͳιͶͺǯǡʹͲ—‰—•–ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilks 1626 (MO,WAG); La Nké, piste du chantier. 0°05’N 11°51’E, 9 October 1983 (fr), Floret 1778 (LBV,P); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E, 12 November 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 3157 (P); Ivindo National Park. Langoué Bai. At north end of bai near NGS platform. 0°11.16’S 12°33.42’E, 27 November 2002 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3504 (LBV,MO,WAG); road Mékambo to Makokou, 4 km W of Mbela-Baya. 0°58.5’N 13°52.7’E. Alt: 500m, 31 December 2000 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3751 (WAG); Bengoué Mountain, just N of Ikei-Bokaboka. 0°55.2’N 13°41.8’E. Alt: 600m, 7 January 2001 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 4007 (WAG); About 20-40 km NNE of Koumémayoung. 0°15’N 11°55’E, 12 April 1988 (fr), Breteler 8617 (LBV,WAG); Lopé Reserve. 29 km in Southern direction from Old Ayem Station. 0°17.1’S ͳͳιʹ͹ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͹Ͳǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11791 (WAG); Eastern border of Lopé-Okanda Reserve, along roads S of SEG lumber camp, W of Offoué River. 0°27’S 11°45’E. Alt: 200m, 15 May 1992 (fr), McPherson, G.D. 15763 (LBV,MO); eastern border of Lopé-Okanda Reserve, along roads S of SEG lumber camp,  ‘ˆ ˆˆ‘—± ‹˜‡”Ǥ Ͳιʹ͹ǯ ͳͳιͶͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͳͷ ƒ› ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ McPherson, G.D. 15764 (LBV,MO,WAG); 3 ’ǤͳͲͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͲ͸ ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: Bambidi, axe Lastoursville-Ndangui. 0°45.71’S 12°58.99’E, 21 May 2003 (fr), Nziengui 523 (LBV,WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc National de l’Ivindo. 0°14.7’S 12°44.6’E. Alt: 433m, 14 February 2010 (fr), Dauby 2394 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Montagne Iboundji, piste vers chûte Moughoungoulou à ± 2km. 1°10’S 11°49’E, 16 February 1988 (fr), Louis, A.M. 2778 (LBV,MO,WAG); 10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway Bridge, E-W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5616ȋǡ ȌǢʹͳ‘ˆƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ–Š‡ʹͲ‘ˆ Š‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”•Ǥ 0°58’S 13°00’E. Alt: 450m, 26 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5862 (LBV,WAG); 4 km Catholic Mission Lastoursville to Koulamoutou. 0°51’S 12°39’E, 28 September 1970 (fr), Breteler 6678 (WAG); 40-50   ‘ˆ ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ Ͳιͷ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳͺǯǡ Ͷ ƒ› ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Breteler 11286 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 1 February 1999 (st), Breteler 14881 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Maritime: 25 km E Gamba, à 100m de la parcelle N°2, Gamba, Monts Doudou-Projet Smithsonian. 2°39’S ͳͲιͳͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵Ͳǡ ʹ͹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Niangadouma 223 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Monts Doudou, campagne. 2°31.3’S 10°33.5’E. Alt: 240m, 18 September 2000 (fr), Bourobou 311 (LBV,WAG); Monts Doudou, à ± 15 km à O-SO de Doussala, autour du campement 5. 2°22.50’S 10°29.80’E. Alt: 225m, 1 June 2000 (fr), Azizet Issembé 404 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains National Parc 40 km S of Mandji. 2°00.6’S 10°24.0’E. Alt: 200m, 16 November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2323 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒǤ ʹιͶ͸ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͳ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 5601 (WAG); région Omboué-Sette Cama, Koumouloundou. 2°00’S 9°35’E, 6 June 1970 (st), Farron 7374 (P); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Inselberg Milobo. 0°55’N 10°31’E. Alt: 500m, 7 July 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 15 (BRLU,LBV); Inselberg Milobo. 0°56.3’N 10°30.9’E. Alt: 750m, 8 July 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 44 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Inselberg Milobo. 0°56.9’N 10°30.1’E. Alt: 630m, 16 August 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 131 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Bordamur concession area some 40 km from WWF-station and 1.5 km from logging road. 1°14’N 11°53’E. Alt: 570m, 19 October 2002 (fr), Strijk 237 (WAG); 10 km Lalara-Makokou, than exploitation road along Okano River, upstream for 42 km. 0°33’N 11°42’E. Alt: 380m, 6 September 1978 (fr), Breteler; Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 464 (WAG); Minkébé district, Nsye valley. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 19 February 1990 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 587 (BR,C,LBV,MO,WAG); ͳ͵‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’–‘ƒ†‘—ƒƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͻͲǡ 7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 729ȋǡ ȌǢͳͶ‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’–‘ ƒ†‘—ƒƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶͳǤͻǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͺͳǡ͹‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 741 (LBV,WAG); 40 km NE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°03.4’N 11°47.4’E. Alt: 550m, 8 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 791ȋȌǢ Šƒ–‹‡”‘—‰‹‡”Ǧ ±ƒǡ˜‡‰ǤͲιͷʹǯͳͳιͳͲǯǡ͹ƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡReitsma, J.M. 876 (WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, à 10 m du camping l’Esplanade en direction de la rivière. 0°36.82’N 10°24.03’E. Alt: 460m, 13 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 972 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 70 km NE of Mitzic, slopes of Mount Minko. 1°19’N 11°54’E. Alt: 600 - 800m, 8 February 2003 (fr), Sosef 1930 (LBV,WAG); Rocher Mbou, Est de Médouneu. 1°00’N 10°45’E, 7 February 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 5023 (P); Minkébé area, 2190 m on transect B. 1°30’N 12°49’E, 4 May 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 204 (WAG).   , Cross River State: Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 1911 (fr), Talbot, P.A. 423 (K,WAG,Z); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, ͳͻͳͳȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. 424ȋȌǢ„ƒǤͷιͳͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͻͳͳȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. 425 (BM); Oban district. 5°17’N ͺι͵͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. 1371ȋȌǢͳͷ‘ˆ ‘ǤͷιͷʹǯͺιͶ͸ǯǡͳͺƒ›ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1680 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ•– „‘—†ƒ”› ‘ˆ ‘Œ‡ ‡ Žƒ˜‡ ’‹ŽŽƒ” ʹ͸Ǥ ͸ιͳ͹ǯ ͺιͷͷǯǡ ͳͶ ƒ› ͳͻͶ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jones, A.P.D. FHI 18603 (FHO,K); Okarara. 5°22’N 8°42’E, 14 May 1952 (fr), Ujor FHI 30838 (K); Ikom. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 18 July 1952 (fr), Latilo FHI 31862ȋȌǢ –—ǡŽ‘™‡”›‘‰ ǤǤͷιͳ͸ǯ͹ιͷ͹ǯǡͳͻƒ›ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOnochie FHI 33207 (K); Buden Dunlop Estate. 5°16’N 8°13’E, 24 July 1959 (fr), Binuyo FHI 41404 (FHO,K); Calabar (Ikpai). Between miles 69 Ƭ͹Ͳ‘ƒŽƒ„ƒ”Ǧƒˆ‡”‘ƒ†Ǥͷι͵ʹǯͺιͶ͸ǯǡʹͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLatilo FHI 53990 (K,WAG); Cross North ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ ‘Ǥ‘—–ŠǦƒ•––ƒ–‡ǡ ‘‹•–”‹ –ǤͷιͷͺǯͺιͶʹǯǡͺ —‡ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡEmwiogbon FHI 65832 (K,WAG); Cross North Forest Reserve, Ikom. South-East State. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 8 June 1972 (fr), Emwiogbon FHI 65837 (WAG); Edo Stateǣ‘—ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‘’ƒ”–‹‡–‘Ǥ͸ιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Brenan 8425 (FHO,K); Okomu Forest Reserve, compartment 58. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 27 February 1948 (fr), Onochie FHI 9177 (K); Ondo State: Akure F.R. (Owenna district). 7°15’N 5°12’E, 25 October 1948 (fr), Adekunle FHI 24225 (K); Osun State: Banks of the Oni river, 9 miles south west of Okeigbo and several miles north of the Shasha reserve boundary. 7°00’N 4°22’E, 10 February 1946 (st), Jones, A.P.D. FHI 14735 (FHO,K); Oyo State: ’”‘ϐ‹Ž‡ ʹ‹Ž‡••‘—–Š‘ˆ „‡‰„‡ǯ•ƒ’‘–Š‡™‡Ǧ‹ǤǤǤǤ‘ƒ†Ǥ͹ιͲͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͸ ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17556 (FHO). Key literatureǣƒ’•Ƭ ƒ””‘ȋͳͻ͸͹ȌǡŠ‡‡‡–ƒŽǤȋʹͲͲͶȌǡš‡ŽŽƬ‡†‘­ƒȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). 3.7 Materials and Methods Campylospermum engama (De Wild.) Farron Fig. ͳͲ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 396 (1965). – Ouratea engama De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr., Bot. 7: B48 (1920). – Lectotype (designated here): Lemaire 337 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mobwasa, June 1913. Tree up to 11 m tall, with branched stem; twigs greenish. Stipules caducous, triangular, c. 2 mm long. Leaf: petiole ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂͳͺȋȂʹͷȌŽ‘‰; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ellitptic-oblong or ovate to obovate, (9–)16–25(–39) x (2.5–)4–7(–9) cm, ratio ͵ȂͶȋȂͷǤͷȌ, base typically attenuate, deccurent onto the petiole, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes mucronate, papyraceous, not bullate, upper side glossy, dark green, lower side dull, paler green, margin serrate all along, the teeth with a black tip; venation: midrib ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–„‡‡ƒ–Šǡƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›ͳʹȂͳͻ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͳͲȂʹͷȋȂ͵ͷȌƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on both sides, at a right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–5 in between each pair of main laterals, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, more or less perpendicular to the midrib, joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or sometimes axillary, branched, lax, its main axis (20–)25– 33(–35) cm longǡ ‘”‡ ‘” Ž‡•• ƒ‰—Žƒ” –‘ ϐŽƒ––‡‡†; pairwise scales absent; bracts caducous; ”ƒ ‡‡•ȋ͵ȂȌͶȂͺ, ȋ͵ȂȌͺȂʹ͵ȋȂͶͲȌ Ž‘‰, perpendicular to the main axis, occasionally with secondary racemesǢ ›—Ž‡•ͳȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͺȋȂͳͳȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: pedicel 5–10(–15) mm long, articulated at 1–5(–8) mm from the base; sepals ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡͷȂ͹šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͺȂͳͲš͵Ȃͷ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ͹ȂͳͲš͵Ȃ͸ǡ base clawed, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–7 mm long; ovary 1 mm high; style 5–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged up to 6 x 5 mm; drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid to globose, 6–9 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: A lectotype has been designated from amongst the two syntypes available: Lemaire 337 and De Giorgi 737. Because the latter material could not be traced, we have chosen for Lemaire 337. C. engama is sometimes closely resembling C. laeve, especially when the latter have ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡• ™‹–Š Ž‘‰ ”ƒ ‡‡•ǡ „‡ ƒ—•‡ „‘–Š •Šƒ”‡ ƒ ˜‡”› Ž‘‰ ’‡–‹‘Ž‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ C. laeve can generally easily be distinguished by its thickened and often revolute leaf margin and markedly longer sepals (see also the note under C. laeve). Distribution: Cameroon, southern Central African Republic (Sangha-Mbaéré province), Gabon, Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͳͳ). Ecology: in primary, secondary and understory forest, in dry and gallery forest; on sandy soil; at 100–620 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ˆ”‘ –‘„‡”–‘ƒ” ŠǡƒŽ•‘‹ƒ›ƒ† —‡Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ February, May, June, August and December. Uses: The wood is used as timber (Farron 1967). 3 ’ǤͳͲ͹ 3 ’ǤͳͲͺ 3.7 Materials and Methods C B A ‹‰—”‡ͳͲǤ Campylospermum engama. A. Sterile branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Leaf margin. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum engama 3.7 Materials and Methods Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ Republic of Congo: Engama, Lengama (Mobwasa). IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͲ͹ͷǡͷͲͳ2ǡα͸ʹ͹ǡͳͳͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳͺʹȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Šˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ‘—–‘ˆŠ‡”„ƒ”‹— ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•–Š‹••’‡ ‹‡• appears to be fairly rare and to have a scattered occurrence, its area of occupancy is very large. Moreover, it is found inside National Parks such as the Lopé Reserve and Loango NP, both in Gabon, and the Dzanga-Sangha NP in the Central African Republic. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined:      , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°55’N ͳ͸ιͳ͸ǯǡʹ —‡ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 5037 (E,WAG); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N ͳ͸ιʹͷǯǡ ͻ —‡ ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Harris, D.J. 5117 (E,WAG); Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of ƒ›ƒ‰ƒǤǡʹιͷͺǯͳ͸ιͳͺǯǡʹͺƒ›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 7878 (E,WAG).   ȋ Ȍ, ‹ƒ”‹: route Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°31.21’S 12°09.44’E. Alt: 492m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1320 (LBV,WAG).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bandunduǣƒ–ƒ„ƒŽ—ǤʹιͳͷǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͲƒ” Šͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡTailfer 108 (BR); Lukenie. ʹιͶͶǯͳͺιͲͺǯǡ͵ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡJans, E. 811ȋȌǢ‹‘‹ǤʹιͶ͵ǯͳ͹ιͶͲǯǡͳͻͶͲȋϐŽȌǡFlamigni 6034 (BR); —ƒǤ ͵ιͳͶǯ ͳͺιͷͻǯǡ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͶʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Flamigni 6265 (BR); Bas-Congo: Banza. 5°51’S 14°20’E, 18 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡCompère 1086ȋǡȌǢ‹•ƒ–—ǤͷιͲʹǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡCallens 1954 (BR); —‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡDonis 2136 (BR,K); Equateurǣ‡†Œ‡ȋ‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡ȌǤͲιͲͶǯ ͳͺιͳͲǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLebrun 365 (K,WAG); Wendji. 0°04’S 18°10’E, August 1930 (fr), Lebrun 1153 (BR,K); Djoa. 0°08’N 19°16’E, 28 February 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3576 (BR,K); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E, 17 December 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 5299ȋȌǢ‘‰‘ǡȋ ‡ŽƒȌǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹʹιͶͲǯǡ͸ƒ›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEvrard, C.M. 6278 (WAG); Kinshasaǣ ‹‡‡ǡ‹ǤƒŽ——ǤͶιͲ͵ǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 802 (BR); Orientale: Mobwasa. ʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡ —‡ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLemaire, H. 337ȋȌǢ‘„™ƒ•ƒǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡƒ›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGiorgi 737 ȋȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Žƒƒ‹‘ǡͶͷƒ—Ǥ†‡—„—–—ǡ‡‡Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡Žƒƒ‹‘ǡ‡–”‡ƒˆϐŽ—‡–• Ukungu et Utambe. 0°20’S 26°40’E, 1 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1607 (BR,BRLU); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km ƒ—‘”††‡—„—–—ǡ±±Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰—‡––ƒ„‡ǤͲιʹͲǯʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡ 2 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1904 (BRLU). , ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣ ƒ’”°• ’‘– †‡ Žƒ ”‹˜‹°”‡ ‡„‡Ǥ ͲιͶ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͶͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷͷ͵ǡ ͳͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 912 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m, 18 ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 925 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.85’S 11°55.70’E. Alt: 356m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1390 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E. Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1392 (LBV,WAG); 22 km along a track in a northern direction from ‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9154 (E,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Ivindo: Ivindo National Park 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS camp. 0°10.92’S 12°32.70’E, 26 November 2002 ȋϐŽȌǡStone, J.R. 3491 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Doudou Mountains National Parc 50 km S of Mandji. ʹιͲ͹Ǥͺǯ ͳͲιʹ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹ͵Ͳǡ ͳͷ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Sosef 2316 (LBV,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: 8 km SSW of ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤͲιͶʹǤͻǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͶ͹ǡ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 676 ȋǡ ȌǢͺ֍‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤͲιͶʹǤͷǯͳͳι͵ͳǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͳǡ͸‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 706 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). Campylospermum excavatum (Tiegh.) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳͳ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 396 (1965). – Exomicrum excavatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker 1077a (holotype: P!; isotype: E(2x)!, G(2x)!, K!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1896. Ouratea ‹ϔ‹‡•‹• Gilg., nom. nud. Shrub or treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with a whitish green coloured bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, ʹȂ͸ȋȂͳͲȌ mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–5(–7) mm long; 3 ’ǤͳͲͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͳͲ leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, 9–17(–19) x 2–4(–5) cm, ratio ͵ȂͶȋȂ͸Ȍ, base cuneate to narrowly cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous, distinctly bullate between the lateral veins, upper side green, glossy, lower side paler green, margin serrulate, generally more distinctly so in the upper half, rarely almost entire; venation: midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins ͺȂͳͷȋȂͳͻȌ on either side, ͹Ȃͳͷ  ƒ’ƒ”–, prominent but sitting in a furrow above, prominent beneath, making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳ‘”ʹ in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, very distinct on both sides or sometimes slightly distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched or sometimes branched, lax, its main axis (2–)4–10(–14) cm Ž‘‰ǡϐŽƒ––‡‡†–‘ ›Ž‹†”‹ ƒŽǢpairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; bracts caducous, triangular, 1–3 mm long; racemes ͲȂʹȋȂͶȌǡʹȂͶȋȂͺȌ Ž‘‰; cymules 0.5– ͳǤͷ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͶȋȂ͸ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel ȋͶȂȌ͹ȂͳͲŽ‘‰, articulated at 1–3 ˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂ͹šͳǤͷȂʹǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͸ȂͺšʹȂ͵ mm, base truncate, apex rounded; petals obovate, 6–7 x 3–4 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm high; style 4–5 mm long, persistent in fruit. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͶȂ͸–Š‹ ƒ† 5–6 mm in diameter; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid to broadly reniform, 6-12 x 5–10 mm, immature ones reddish, mature ones black; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. excavatum resembles C. sulcatum and C. descoingsii. For the distinction with –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡”ǡ •‡‡ ‘–‡• „‡Ž‘™ –Šƒ– •’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ Žƒ––‡” Šƒ• ƒ Ž‘‰‡” ƒ‹ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ƒš‹•ǡ„”‘ƒ†‡”Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ƒ†ϐŽ‘™‡”••‹––‹‰‘•Š‘”–‡”’‡†‹ ‡Ž•ȋ•‡‡ƒŽ•‘–Š‡‘–‡—†‡”C. vogelii). Distributionǣƒ‡”‘‘ǡ•‘—–Š‡”‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ and the Republic of the Congo (Map ͳʹ). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, high forest on mountain slope; at 20–440 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ˆ”‘ ƒ—ƒ”›–‘’”‹Žƒ† —Ž›ǡˆ”—‹–‹‰ˆ”‘ ‡„”—ƒ”›–‘ƒ›ǡƒŽ•‘ in September and November. Uses: In case of chest problems, leaves are ground with seeds of Afromomum melegueta, ’—Ž˜‡”‹œ‡†ƒ†”—„„‡†‹–‘• ƒ”‹ϐ‹ ƒ–‹‘•ȋ‡—™‹‰‡”ʹͲͲͲȌǤ IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ α͵ͺͻǡͳ͵ͻ 2ǡ αͳͲͳǡͲ͹ͷ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵Ͷǡ •—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αͺ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹͺ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• Šƒ• ƒ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ —„‡” ‘ˆ locations. Its recent collection is from 2011 and it occurs in protected areas such as the Dzanga-Sangha National Park (Central African Republic), the Monte Alen National Park ȋ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒȌƒ†–Š‡‹±„±ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ȋ ƒ„‘ȌǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ–Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”›‘ˆ Least Concern seems most appropriate. B ‹‰—”‡ͳͳǤ Campylospermum excavatum. A. Flowering branch. BǤ Ž‘™‡”‹‰„”ƒ Š™‹–ŠϐŽ‘™‡”„—†ǤC. Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum excavatum 3.7 Materials and Methods C A 3 ’Ǥͳͳͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥͳͳʹ , Central Province: 60 km SW of Eséka, S. of Nyong R. 12 km W. of Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E. Alt: 200m, 9 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5025 (P,WAG); 60 km SW of Eséka, S. of Nyong R. 12 km W. of Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E. Alt: 200m, 11 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5102 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: 8 km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 27 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5215 (BAS,BR,K,LISC,MO,P,P RE,WAG,YA); South Provinceǣ‹’‹†‡ǡ‹ϐ‹ƒǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n. (G); réserve de la Faune de Campo. 2°23’N 10°06’E, 28 March 1983 (fr), Nkongmeneck 487ȋȌǢ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 1077 (E,G); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1896 (st), Zenker 1077 (BM,E); route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de Kribi, après village pygmée. 3°05.48’N 9°59.26’E. Alt: 29m, 29 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1230 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de Kribi, après village pygmée. 3°35.3’N 9°59.3’E. Alt: 79m, 29 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1232 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, Mahale, Forest patch behind Hotel La Belle Holandaise. 2°59’N 9°56’E. Ž–ǣͶͲǡͳͺƒ” ŠʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3245 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1907 ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 3345 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,US,W,Z); 7.5 km from Kribi, 2 km N of Ebolowa road. 2°54’N 9°57’E, 26 November 1968 (fr), Bos, J.J. 3388 (BR,C,E,K,LMA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); 18 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road. 3°00’N 10°02’E, 5 March 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 4071 (BAS,BR,K,LMA,M,MO,P,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (fr), Zenker 4268 (BM,E,G,K,LY,S,W); 28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road., 3°02’N 10°07’E, 8 April 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 4296ȋ ǡȌǢ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡZenker 4535 (E); Bipindi Urwaldgebiet. ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡZenker 4555 (BM,BR,G,K,S); 60 km S. of Edéa, S. of Mboké, 11 km E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi. 3°21’N 10°10’E. Alt: 100m, 22 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5496 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 15 km from Kribi, 1 km S. of Ebolowa road. 2°51’N 10°01’E, 20 February 1970 (fr), Bos, J.J. 6386 (BAS,BR,MO,P,WAG,YA); 15 km SE. of Kribi, between airstrip and Mt. Elephant. 2°50’N 10°00’E, 26 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6642 (WAG); Kribi, just E. of town, S. bank of Kienke river. 2°56’N 9°55’E, 16 April 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6818 (BAS,BR,P,WAG); route d’Edea-Kribi, Km 70 à partir d’Edea. 3°20’N 10°05’E, 23 April 1970 (st), Farron 7093 (P); Kribi, km 5 sur la route d’Ebolowa. 2°55’N 9°57’E, 25 April 1970 (st), Farron 7147 (P).    , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Forêt de Ngotto, Bambioi. 3°54’N 16°59’E, 10 May 1999 (fr), Zawa 467ȋȌǢ‘‰ƒƒƒ’ǡʹʹ‘ˆƒ›ƒ‰ƒǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳ͸ιʹ͸ǯǡͳ͵’”‹Žͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡFangounda 526 (E,WAG); Bai Hoku Gorilla study area, 25 km E of Bayanga. 2°52’N 16°29’E. Alt: 435m, 22 February 1988 ȋϐŽȌǡ Carroll, R.W. 1032 (E,MO); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 28 January ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Harris, D.J. 4317 (E,MO,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 4 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4462 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N 16°25’E, ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4487 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, ͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4627 (E); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 31 May 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5005 (E); around Kongana camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°26’E, 11 November 2000 (st), Harris, D.J. 7161 (E); Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of Bayanga. 2°58’N 16°18’E, 6 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7575 (E,WAG); Kongana camp. 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 23 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7811 (E,WAG).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvetteǣ†œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡƒ‰ƒǤͳιʹͲǯǡͳͷιʹͲǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 96/ 169 (BRLU); ±‘—‘—: Komono, Zanaga Project, just South of MPD Congo S.A. camp. Plot 8. 2°46.73’S 13°35.97’E. Alt: 638m, 31 March 2009 (fr), Cheek 14650 (IEC,K,MO,P,WAG); Sangha: Plot 15, 31 km E of Kabo. ʹιͲͷǤͶͷǯͳ͸ιʹͳǤͻ͹ǯǡͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 8894 (E,IEC).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SO du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 185m, 14 February 2001 (st), Senterre 341 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 200 m du transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 1620 m du début du layon. 1°35.62’N 10°03.30’E. Alt: 410m, 12 March 2001 (st), Senterre 853 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.44’N 10°04.57’E. Alt: 250m, 20 January 2002 (st), Senterre 1999 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 13 February 2002 (st), Senterre 2312 (BRLU). , ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: 23 km route Moanda-Bakoumba. 1°40’S 13°06’E, 18 September 1970 (fr), Breteler 6516 (WAG); ‰‘—‹±: just west of bridge crossing the Oumba River, in the northern part of Waka National Park. 1°06.09’S 11°11.10’E. Alt: 400m, 18 March 2007 (fr), Sosef 2408 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: 0°50’S ͳͳιͷ͹ǯǡʹͻ —Ž›ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDibata 1136 (MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Minkébé area, base camp. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 94 (WAG). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1965, 1985). 3.7 Materials and Methods Campylospermum ϐŽƒ˜— (Schumach. & Thonn.) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳʹ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Gomphia ϔŽƒ˜ƒ Schumach. & Thonn., Beskr. Guin. pl.: 236 (1827). – Monelasmum ϔŽƒ˜— (Schumach. & Thonn.) Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Ouratea ϔŽƒ˜ƒ (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hutch. & Dalziel ex Stapf, Bot. Mag.ͳ49: t. 9023 (1924). – Type: Thonning s.n. (holotype: C!; isotype: C!), Guinea. Monelasmum acutum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Pobéguin 36 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, Zegbé village, 1895. Monelasmum bolamense Tiegh. Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Souza s.n. (holotype: COI!), Guinea-Bissau, Bolama, 1883. Monelasmum chevalieri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Chevalier 471 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(7x)!), French Soudan, Diaragouéla, February 1899. Monelasmum fuscum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thollon 517 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x)!), Gabon, 1885. Monelasmum pungens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (1902). – Type: Le Testu 253 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(4x)!), Dahomey, Adja Ouéré, December 1901. Monelasmum souzae Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Souza s.n. (holotype: COI!, isotype: COI!), Guinea-Bissau, Bolama, 1883. Monelasmum thoirei Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thoiré 204 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, San-Pedro, March 1901. Monelasmum viride Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse 79 (holotype: P!), French Guinea, Labaya Kouinsi-bêla, 1893. Monelasmum schlechteri (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). Ouratea schlechteri Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 269 (1904). Ȃ Type: Schlechter 12719 (holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, LY(2x)!), Cameroon, Sanga, August 1899. Monelasmum krebedjense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (1907). – Type: Chevalier 10667 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x)!, K!), territoire Chari, Krébedjé, Fort Sibut, 1903. Monelasmum nanense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (1907). – Type: Chevalier 6261 (holotype: P!; isotype:K!, P(2x)!), territoire Chari, entre le poste de Nana et celui des trois marigots, November 1902. Ouratea monticola Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 272 (1904). – Campylospermum monticolum ȋ ‹Ž‰Ȍ ƒ„Ž‡ǡ ŽǤ ‘—– ƒ‡”‘‘ǣ ‘•‡”˜Ǥ Š‡ Ž‹•–ǣ ͻʹ ȋͳͻͻͺȌ ȋƒ• DzC. monticoladzȌǢ Cheek, Pl. of Kupe, Mwanenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: Conserv. Checklist: 353 (2004). – Lectotype (designated here): Deistel 283 (holotype: K!; isotype: A!, BM!), Cameroon, Buea, 1904. Ouratea spinuloso-serrata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 265 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here): Schlechter 13022 (holotype: G!; isotype: G!), Nigeria, Ibadan and Abeokuta. Ouratea laurentii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B57 (1920). – Lectotype 3 ’Ǥͳͳ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods (designated here): E. & M. Laurent s.n. (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Congo, Ukatoraka, January, 5th 1904. Ouratea pynaertii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B62 (1920). – Type: Pynaert 184 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!, Z!), Congo, forêt de Lukolela, July 6th, 1906. Ouratea ashantiensis‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͶͶͳȋͳͻʹͺȌǤȂ›’‡ǣKitson s.n. (holotype: BR!; isotype: BM!), Gold Coast, Akumadai district, Ashanti, April 1916. Ouratea newiensis‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͷͲͳȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ›’‡ǣKitson s.n. (holotype: BR!; isotype: BM!), South Nigeria, January 6th, 1909. Ouratea talbotii‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͷͳͶȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ›’‡ǣTalbot s.n. (holotype: BR!; isotype: BM!), southern Nigeria, Oban, 1911. 3 ’ǤͳͳͶ Tree up to 15 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 4–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–8 mm long; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋ͹ȂȌͳ͵Ȃʹ͸ȋȂͶͷȌšȋ͵ȂȌͷȂͺȋȂͻȌ  ratio ʹȂͶ, base cuneate, apex from slightly acuminate to blunt, coriaceous, not bullate, upper side slightly glossy dark green, lower glossy medium green, margin closely to distantly spinose-serrateǢ ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ ‹†”‹„ ϐŽƒ– –‘ •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› ’”‘‹‡– ‘ –Š‡ —’’‡” side, prominent on the lower side, main lateral veins generally 11–25 on either side, 5–25 mm apart, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 1–5 in between the main ones, prominent, tertiary venation scalariform, sometimes joined by cross veinlets, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on the upper side, very distinct on the lower side. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched or occasionally unbranched, fairly dense, its main axis (7–)10–20(–31) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent; racemes 0–5, (3–)6–18(–21) cm long, spread out ± horizontally, occasionally the lowest ones branched; ›—Ž‡•ͲǤͷȂͳ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡȋͳȂȌ͵ȂͳͲǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: pedicel (5–)7–15(–17) mm, articulated at 1–4(–5) mm from the base; sepals narrowly ovate, ͸Ȃ͹šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͸Ȃ͹š͵Ȃͷ‹ˆ”—‹–, apex acute, greenish›‡ŽŽ‘™‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ”‡†ƒ†’ƒ–‡–‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡͷȂͳͲšͶȂͺǡ„ƒ•‡ —‡ƒ–‡ǡ apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm long; style c. 5 mm long. Fruitǣ ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥ ͳ  Ž‘‰ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ ͷ š ͷ  ‹ ˆ”—‹–Ǣ drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 6–10 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: This species is generally easily recognized by the leaves with spinulose-serrate ƒ”‰‹ǡƒ„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™‹–Š ‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›•ƒŽŽϐŽ‘™‡”•‹”ƒ–Š‡” Ž‘•‡Ž›•‡– cymules. Some forms are close to C. bukobense, but that species has papyraceous and more elongated leaves, and a less pronounced serrate leaf margin. ’‡ ‹‡• ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† ƒ• Ouratea laurentii show some dissimilarities with typical C. ϔŽƒ˜—Ǥ Š‡‹” ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ‹• ‡‹–Š‡” „”ƒ Š‡† ‘” ‘–Ǥ Š‡ ‘– „”ƒ Š‡†ǡ those specimens are close to C. glaucum, but differ by having a strongly dentate margin 3.7 Materials and Methods and longer leaves. The following specimens: Preuss 760, Preuss 829, Lehmbach 111 and Deistel 283 were cited as types of C monticola in the protologue. The latter has been designated as lectotype of C. monticola since the other two specimens have not been traced. Lectotypes for Ouratea laurentii and Ouratea spinuloso-serrata were also designated. Both specimens have two duplicates present in BR and G respectively and the material Šƒ•„‘–ŠϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒ†ˆ”—‹–•Ǥ Distribution: from Guinea Bissau to Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Gabon, northern Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͳ͵). Ecology: in primary and secondary forests, swampy, dry and riverine or gallery forest, and in coastal savannah; on sandy, laterite and clayish soil; at 15–2200 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰‘„•‡”˜‡†ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: Cameroon: Kpemtele (Bobili). ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ Congo: Bolili bo kikereke (turumbu). Ghana: Epebégai, Hiatso (Ta), Laba (Ewe). Guinea Bissau: N’Saunte (Nalu). ‹‰‡”‹ƒǣ —Žƒ‹ȋƒƒ”‘Ȍǡƒƒ”‘Ȁ›ƒ„—ȋ —Žˆ—†‡ȌǤ IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͷǡͶͻʹǡͷͷͲ2ǡα͸ǡͲ͸ʹǡʹʹͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹ͹ͷ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͷͲʹȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•™‹†‡Ž›†‹•–”‹„—–‡†ˆ”‘‡•––‘‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒǤ – is well represented in herbaria, with numerous recent collections, and so seems to be fairly common. Thus, the category of Least Concerned has been assigned. Specimens examined:  , Atakoraǣ ±–ƒ–±Ǥ ͳͲιʹͷǯ ͳιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷʹͳǡ ͳͷ —‰—•– ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Essou 2317 (BENIN,WAG); —±±: Ita Djébou, 12 km N de Sakété. 6°48’N 2°37’E, 29 October 1970 (st), Zon, A.P.M. van der 138 ȋǡ  ǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢ†Œƒ—±”±Ǥ͹ιͲͲǯʹι͵͹ǯǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͳȋϐŽȌǡLe Testu 253 (P); Ouando. 6°30’N ʹι͵͸ǯǡʹʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEijnatten 2228 (BR,HUJ,IFAN,K,MO,WAG); Pobè. 6°57.38’N 2°40.11’E. Alt: 125m, 14 March 2001 (st), Akoègninou 4370 (BENIN,WAG); Forêt de Toffo, 4-5 km W of Pobè, road to AdjaOuèrè. 6°59.7’N 2°37.7’E, 24 November 1998 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 6623 (BENIN,WAG); entre Sakété et ‡†Œ‹Ž±Ǥ͸ιͶ͵ǯʹιͶͲǯǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͲȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 22912 (P). , ǣǤǤ†Ǥ–ǤǤʹͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSwarbrick 2322 (E); Adamawa Region: 45 km ‰ƒ‘—†‡”‡Ǥ͹ιʹʹǯͳ͵ιͷͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͹ͲͲǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡSatabié 621 (P); Central Province: Yaoundé •–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker; Staudt 14 (E); environs du bureau SRCam (sur rayon 800 m environ) Eaux et Forêts. 3°52’N 11°31’E, 26 November 1958 (st), Endengle 79 (P); Yaoude station. 3°52’N 11°31’E, ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡZenker; Staudt 102 (BM,G,S); Mont Ngoro à 58 km SW de Linte. 5°05’N 11°18’E, 17 April 1982 (fr), Nkongmeneck 271ȋȌǢ’‹•–‡†‹”‡ –‡‘Ǧ‘ϐŽ—‡–‘—Ǧ„ƒǡʹ͵ƒϐ‹ƒǤͶιͷͶǯͳͳιͲ͸ǯǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡSatabié 577ȋȌǢ’”°• Š‡ˆˆ‡”‹‡ƒœ‘—†‡ƒ‰ƒ‰œ±ǤͷιͲͶǯͳͲιʹͺǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 1104 ȋȌǢ ‡–”‡ ƒ‰”‘‘‹“—‡ ǯ‘Ž„‹••‘ǡ ͺ  Ǥ ‘ˆ ƒ‘—†±Ǥ ͵ιͷ͵ǯ ͳͳιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͷͲǡ ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͸͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1395 (B,BR,EA,FHI,GENT,K,MHU,P,PRE,WAG,YA,Z); entre Zogela et Mbomba. ͶιͲʹǯͳʹιͷ͵ǯǡʹͷ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 1803ȋȌǢ ‘—”ƒǤͶι͵͵ǯͳͳιʹͶǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡJacquesFélix 2375 ȋȌǢ ƒϐ‹ƒǤ ͶιͶͷǯ ͳͳιͳͶǯǡ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jacques-Félix 2418 (P); Nkolbisson, 7 km W. of Yaoundé. 3°53’N 11°27’E. Alt: 800m, 3 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5015 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 50 km Ayos ‡•–Ǥ͵ιͷͶǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7188ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢƒϐ‹ƒ”‡‰‹‘ǤͶιͶͷǯͳͳιͳͶǯǡ ͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7189ȋǡ ȌǢ„ƒŽƒǡͶͷƒ—ǡ„‘”†•†‡Žƒƒƒ‰ƒǡ ‘ϐŽ—‡– de l’Assamba, près de la gare de Njoré. 4°20’N 11°45’E, 21 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7317 (P); Issandja, 40 km †‡ Ǥ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲƒϐ‹ƒǤͶιͶ͸ǯͳͳιͶ͸ǯǡͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 9712 (K); Route Ndanan I-Ndangan I Left path left into forest after bridge, parallel to water course. 3°37.2’N 11°35.1’E. Alt: ͹ͳͲǡͳͲƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡCheek 11636 (K MO,SCA,WAG,YA); East Province: Moyen Congo, rive de la Ngoko. ͳιͷ͸ǯͳͷι͵ͻǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͲȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (central Africa series) 61 (P); Ndjassi. 4°16’N 13°51’E, 19 March ͳͻʹ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Hédin, L. 344 (P); 50 km de Bertoua, vers Aboumadjali. 4°34’N 13°16’E, 11 February 1956 (fr), 3 ’Ǥͳͳͷ 3 ’Ǥͳͳ͸ 3.7 Materials and Methods F A G B C  H ͳ ʹ E ‹‰—”‡ͳʹǤƒ’›Ž‘•’‡”—ϔŽƒ˜—ǤA. Petal. B. Seed, cross section. C. Seed, side view. . Seed, bottom view. E. Flowering branch. F. Flower, top view. G. Flower side view. H. Persistent sepals. ͳ & ʹ. Anthers. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳ͵. Distribution of Campylospermum ϔŽƒ˜— 3.7 Materials and Methods Nana, P. 465ȋǡ ȌǢ͸†— ‘ϐŽ—‡–‘—„ƒǦŒƒǦ‰‘‘ȋ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ‘Ž‘—†‘—ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤʹιͲ͸ǯ ͳͷιͳͳǯǡ ͳ͹ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Villiers, J.F. 664 (P); near Moloundou, along Boumba River. 2°02’N 15°10’E. Ž–ǣ͵ͶͲǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 891 (MO,WAG,YA); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve, 45 km South of ‹†Œ‘„‘ǡƒ•–„ƒ‘ˆƒ‰Šƒ‹˜‡”ˆ”‘Ǥʹιʹͳǯͳ͸ιͲͻǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 1542 (E); Near Yoko-Betugu, road to Ndemba II, along river Do 30 km NW. of Bertoua. 4°45’N 13°33’E. Alt: 670m, 12 December 1961 (st), Breteler 2208 (BR,K,P,WAG,YA); Near Bimba, bank of Doumé river, 40 km SW. of Batouri. 4°10’N 14°07’E. Alt: 580m, 15 April 1962 (st), Breteler 2798 (WAG); près Goyoum. 5°12’N 13°23’E, ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 3339 (P); au N. du Monay. 5°48’N 14°05’E, 28 February 1971 (fr), Letouzey 3570ȋȌǢ‘„‡‡‡•‡”˜‡ǤŒƒ‰‹ƒ‹ƒ†•—””‘—†‹‰•ǤʹιͳͻǯͳͷιͶ͸ǯǡʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 6137 (E,MO,WAG); Lobeke Reserve. Djaloumbe bai., 2°23’N 15°45’E, 26 November 1998 (fr), Harris, D.J. 6573 (E,MO,WAG); Littoral: Km 14 Melong-Dschang road. 5.17 N 9.59 E, 5°17’N 9°59’E. Alt: 700m, 19 January 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9219 (BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); Km 14 Melong-Dschang road. 5.17 N 9.59 E, 5°17’N ͻιͷͻǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͳ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLeeuwenberg 9470 (B,BR,C,EA,FHI,GC,H,HBG,K,LD,LISC,M,MO,P,PRE,UP ǡǡ ǡȌǢ‘—ƒŽƒǤͶιͲ͵ǯͻιͶʹǯǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 13992 (K); ‘”–Š”‘˜‹ ‡: Plateau of the Adamaoua, grounds of the cattle breeding centre at Wakwa, between 8 and 11 km S. of Ngaoundéré. 7°14’N 13°35’E. Alt: 1200m, 8 October 1960 (st), Breteler 435 (U,WAG); Falls in the Vina river 15 km SE. of Ngaoundéré. 7°12’N 13°43’E. Alt: 1200m, 1 December 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 4456 (K,P,WAG); near falls in the Tello river 47 km E. of Ngaoundéré. 7°10’N 13°55’E. Alt: 1200m, 9 December 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 4702 (K,P,WAG); ‘”–ŠǦ‡•–”‘˜‹ ‡: British Cameroons. Mashi, Kentu. 6°37’N 10°16’E. Alt: 610m, March ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽǡ ˆ”ȌǡJohnstone, A.T. 296 ȋ ȌǢƒŽ‹ –‘ ƒ‘ƒǤ ͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲͳǯǤ Ž–ǣͳ͵ͲͲǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡ Migeod 501ȋǡȌǢ‹˜‡”‹„‹ǡ”‹†‰‡ǡ‡†‡ŽǤ͸ι͵ͻǯͳͲιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͹Ͳǡͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHepper 1925ȋǡȌǢ‹ƒ Š‘‰ǡ͵ͲǤƒ‡†ƒ‡–ʹͲǤƒ–‹„‘ȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲ™ƒ›ƒȌǤ͸ιͲʹǯ 9°52’E. Alt: 1800m, 10 August 1975 (st), Letouzey 14232 (K,P,YA); British Cameroons. Bamenda Div. Mufung. ͷιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͳͲǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJohnstone, A.T. 31/ 41 (FHO); South-West Province: Victoria. 4°01’N ͻιͳͲǯǡ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Unknown s.n. (B); Buea. 4°09’N 9°14’E. Alt: 975m, 1930 (fr), Maitland, T.D. s.n. (K); Mamfe. 5°50’N 9°30’E. Alt: 305m, 1930 (fr), Maitland, T.D. s.n. (K); Gorge at Kumba. 4°50’N 9°20’E. Alt: 274m, 15 April 1937 (fr), Hutchinson, J. 151 (K); Urwaldgebiet. 4°11’N 9°11’E, 1904 (st), Deistel 283 (A,BM,K); Obanƒˆ‡”‘ƒ†‹‡„‘‰ ǤǤͷι͵ͻǯͻιͳͶǯǡͳ͸ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, P.W. 5207 (K); Kumba, Banga, Ǥƒ—†— ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͶιʹͶǯͻιʹ͹ǯǡͳͶƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 9440 (BM,FHO,K); près Bonékanda I, 7 km NE Duéa. 4°11’N 9°11’E. Alt: 2200m, 6 August 1972 (fr), Letouzey 11590 (P); Kumba Distr., along the ’‹‡Ž‹‡™Š‹ Š ‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ‡†‘™–‘–Š‡–‘™ǤͶιͷͲǯͻιʹͲǯǡͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 41019ȋ ǡȌǢ—‡ƒ‘—–ƒ‹ͶǤͷͲͲˆ–ǤͶιͳͲǯͻιͳʹǯǡʹ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44021 (FHO,K); West Provinceǣ†‘’’Žƒ‹ǤŽƒ˜ƒ’‹–‘„‡Ž‘™†‘’”‡•–Š‘—•‡Ǥ͸ιͲͲǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡBrunt, M. 40 (K); Bangwa 16 km NW of Bangangté. 5°12’N 10°29’E. Alt: 1300m, 7 May 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2497 ȋǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢ„‘ǡ͹Ǥ‘ˆ‡Ž‘‰Ǧ• Šƒ‰”‘ƒ†ǤͷǤͳͻͳͲǤͲʹǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͳͶ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 9594ȋǡǡ ǡ  ǡǡ ǡǡǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢ‡•–‡”ƒ‡”‘‘ǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMildbraed 10235 (K).      , ƒ„±”±Ǧƒ†±Ã: 4 km from Gamboula, village near the boundary along ”‘ƒ†‡”„‡”ƒ–‹Ǧƒ–‘—”‹ǡ‘Ž‡ˆ–„ƒƒ†±ÃǤͶιͲͷǯͳͷιͲͺǯǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 7293 (BAS,BR,K,P,WAG); ƒƒǦ ”±„‹œ‹‡ ‘Ǥ’”‡ˆǤ: Haut Chari, pays des Mandjos, poste des trois Marigots. 6°50’N ͳͻιͳͲǯǡ ʹͲ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 6261 (K,P); Ombella M’poko: Haut Oubangui, Krebedje. Ͷιʹʹǯͳͺι͵ʹǯǡȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 10667 (K,P); Ouham: Boguilla region. 7°12’N 16°48’E. Alt: 600m, (fr), Fay, J.M. 5350ȋȌǢ‘‰—‹ŽŽƒ”‡‰‹‘Ǥ͹ιͳʹǯͳ͸ιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͲͲǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFay, J.M. 5351 (K); —ŠƒǦ‡†±: Haut ‘‰‘‡ǡ”‘—–‡†‡‘—ƒŽƒƒ—‘–ƒ”‹Ǥ͸ιͳ͹ǯͳͷιͷ͹ǯǡͳ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLenfant 1131 (P); Neu Cameroon, ‘œ‘—Ǥ ͸ιʹͲǯ ͳ͸ιʹͳǯǡ ͳͶ ƒ” Š ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 2261 (K); Bozoum (Oubangui). 6°19’N 16°23’E, 7 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTisserant 2342 (P); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Ndakan, gorilla study area. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: ͵ͷͲǡʹƒ” ŠͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 274 (E).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, 2 km à l’Ouest d’Ekagna, saline Ossassanga. 0°44’N ͳͷιʹͲǯǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 96/ 182 (BRLU); Likouala: île du L’Oubangui. 2°55’N 18°28’E, 13 July ͳͻͲͲȋϐŽȌǡFoureau 3116 (P); SanghaǣͳͶ‘ˆƒ„‘ǤǡʹιͳͲǤʹ͹ǯͳ͸ιͲͺǤͶ͵ǯǡͳͻ—‰—•–ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡIyenguet 4 (E,IEC).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bas-Congo: Malela. 5°59’S 12°37’E, 19 December 1918 (fr), Vermoesen 1167 (BR); ƒŽ‡ŽƒǤͷιͷͻǯͳʹι͵͹ǯǡͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͻȋϐŽȌǡVermoesen 1294ȋȌǢƒŽ‡ŽƒǤͷιͷͻǯͳʹι͵͹ǯǡ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡ Bequaert 7923 (BR); Equateurǣ ƒ–‘”ƒƒǤ ͳιͷͲǯ ʹͲιͲͲǯǡ ͷ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); —‘Ž‡ŽƒǤ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͹ιͳʹǯǡ ͸ —Ž› ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pynaert 184 (BR,P,Z); entre Libenge et Zongo. 4°00’N 18°37’E, 3 ’Ǥͳͳ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͳͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lebrun 1664 ȋǡȌǢ –”‡ ‹„‡‰‡ ‡– ‡‡ƒǤ ͵ιʹ͹ǯ ͳͻιͳʹǯǡ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lebrun 1860 (K,WAG); Kasai-Orientalǣ ƒ†ƒǦƒ†ƒǤ ͸ιͷ͸ǯ ʹ͵ι͵͹ǯǡ ͵ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Liben 3739 (BM,G,K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba)ǣƒ‹ƒƒǤ͹ι͵ͳǯʹͶιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͵Ͳǡʹ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡGathy 1834 (BR); Orientaleǣƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Žƒ ƒ”ƒ„ƒȋ—‰—ȌǤͶιͳͲǯʹͻι͵ͲǯǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSaeger 95 (K,WAG); ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ ‘‰‘Ǥ͵ι͵ͺǯʹ͸ιͷ͸ǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSeret 310 (BR); Avakubi. 1°20’N 27°35’E, 5 January ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBequaert 1773ȋȌǢ‡‰Š‡ǤͳιʹͲǯʹͺιͲͻǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 2144 (S); Yangambi, ÁŽ‡‘‘‡™ƒ„‘Ž‡ǤͲιͶͶǯʹͶιʹͺǯǡͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 11096 (BR); Yangambi, île Esali. 0°46’N ʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹ͹ƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14406 (BR,BRLU,K).    , Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ ‡”ƒ†‘ ‘‘Ǥ ͵ι͵ʹǯ ͺιͶʹǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mann, G. 271 (HUH,K); ƒŽƒ„‘Ǧ—’ƒ’ƒǡʹͲǦʹͳǤ͵ιͶͳǯͺιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͸ƒ” ŠͳͻͺͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 3851 (K,MA,WAG). , ǣ‘‹Ǥ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͺͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡThollon 680 (P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: Ogooué. 0°07’S 11°31’E, —‰—•–ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡThollon 517 (P); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Minkébé district, Nsye valley. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 19 February ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 582 (BR,C,LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Minkébé area, 1010 m on transect B. 1°30’N 12°49’E, 22 February 1990 (st), Minkébé Series AM 17 (WAG). , ǣȋϐŽȌǡThonning s.n. (C); (fr), Thonning s.n.ȋǡǡ ȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFarmar 388 (K); 13 March ͳͻͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJohnson, W.H. 901 (K); Ashanti Region: Ashanti, Akumadai district. 7°24’N 1°57’W, April 1916 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKitson s.n.ȋȌǢƒ’‘‰ ƒ”’ǡƒ‹”‘ƒ†ǡ™ƒ’‹Ǥ͹ιͲͶǯͳιʹͶǯǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. s.n.ȋȌǢ„—ƒ•‹Ǥ͸ιͳʹǯͳιͶͲǯǡͳ’”‹Žͳͻʹ͵ȋϐŽȌǡKing-Church 870 (K,P); Huhunya. 6°10’N 0°11’W, May 1925 (fr), Howes, F.N. 1009ȋȌǢ„‡‡‰‹ǤͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡMoor (Mrs) 1023 (FHO); Aburi hill. 5°51’N 0°11’W, November ͳͻʹͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHowes, F.N. 1025ȋ ȌǢ—ƒ•‹Ǥǡʹ͹Ͷ͸ιͷͳǯͳι͹ͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹Ͷǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡAkwa 1624 (BM,FHO,K); Ajura Scarp. 7°23’N 1°22’W, 31 March 1957 (fr), Adams, C.D. 2447 (K); Obuasi. 6°12’N 1°40’W, —‡ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡAndoh 4211ȋǡȌǢ™ƒ†ƒ•‘ƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ•–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ͸ιͶʹǯͳι͵ͻǯǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡObengDarko 5137ȋȌǢŒ—”ƒ• ƒ”’Ǥ͹ιʹ͵ǯͳιʹʹǯǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. 9775 (K); Kumasi. 6°41’N ͳι͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹Ͷǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndoh FH 1878 (EA,FHO); Breman, Mont Kumasi. 6°44’N 1°38’W. Alt: ʹ͹Ͷǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndoh FH 2148 (A,FHO,K); near Kumasi, Amenhyasu. 6°41’N 1°37’W. Alt: 274m, ƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡAndoh FH 2211ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢ—ƒ•‹Ǥ͸ιͶͳǯͳι͵͹ǯǡͳͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡLyon, F.J. FH 2875 (FHO); Brong-Ahafo Regionǣ‡ƒ”™ƒ’‘ͳͲͲ‘ˆ—ƒ•‹Ǥ͸ι͵͹ǯʹιʹͻǯǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Oldeman, R.A.A. 784 (BR,K,P,WAG); just N of Wenchi Farm Institute. 7°46’N 2°05’W. Alt: 200m, 19 March 1996 (fr), Jongkind 2634 (WAG); On Berekum Road from Techiman. 7°27’N 2°35’W, 21 March 1953 (fr), Morton, J.K. 8570 (K); Central Regionǣƒ’‡‘ƒ•–ǤͷιͲ͸ǯͳιͳͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡBrass, W. s.n. (BM); Eastern Region: road from ‡†‡ƒ–‘‘–‘—ƒ‹Ž™ƒ›•–ƒ–‹‘ǤͷιͷͻǯͲιͶ͵ǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. s.n. (K); Aburi. 5°51’N 0°11’W, 15 March 1924 (fr), Obeng-Darko s.n.ȋȌǢ‹ƒ‰ǤͷιͷͻǯͲιͳͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͺ͵ǡ —Ž›ͳͻʹ͹ȋϐŽȌǡMoor (Mrs) 76ȋ ǡȌǢ—•‘ǡ‹Ǥ͸ιͳ͹ǯͲιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣʹʹͻǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͳȋϐŽȌǡScholes 342 (K); Aburi Hill. 5°51’N 0°11’W, 18 November 1899 (fr), Johnson, W.H. 450 (K); Aburi. 5°51’N 0°11’W. Alt: 457m, 24 March ͳͻͲͳȋϐŽȌǡBrown, T.W. 681ȋȌǢ‘‘ƒ•‡ǤͷιͶͳǯͲιͳ͹ǯǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡObeng-Darko 1055 (K,P); Nsawam. 5°48’N 0°21’W, January 1933 (fr), Irvine, F.R. 1934 (K); Ayirebi (Oda). 6°05’N 1°08’W, 4 December ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡObeng-Darko 5696ȋ ȌǢ•ƒ™ƒǦ„—”‹‘ƒ†ǤͷιͶͺǯͲιʹͳǯǡͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. 25319 (K); Nsawam., 5°48’N 0°21’W, 13 March 1930 (fr), Thomas, A.S. D 143 (K); Mt Edjuanima. 6°35’N 0°44’W, ʹͺƒ›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRobertson, N.F. K 10 (K); Greater Accra Region: Mole National Park. 9°12’N 1°33’W, 5 April 1976 (fr), Lieberman GC46342 (US, WAG); Volta Region: by the road of Biakpa, Togo. 6°50’N 0°25’E, 14 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. s.n.ȋȌǢ‘”ƒ™‘”ƒǤ͹ι͵ͳǯͲιʹʹǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡUnknown 19 ȋ ȌǢƒ›‹‰„ƒǡˆ‘‡‰ƒ‹•–”‹ –Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͲιͳ͸ǯǡ͵’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡMaessen, T. 25 (WAG); Nr Bishop Herman ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ǡ’ƒ†—ǡǤǤ͹ιͲͲǯͲιͳͺǯǡʹ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRodenburg 26 (WAG); kpando. 7°00’N 0°18’E, 9 April ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡAsamany 113ȋȌǢ͸ιͷͳǯͲιʹ͸ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡIrvine, F.R. 166 (FHO,K); Ho, Klefe village. ͸ι͵͹ǤͳǯͲιʹ͸ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸͵ǡʹͷ—‰—•–ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndel, T.R. van 6034 (GC,WAG); 1 km W of Tsurkpe, village ͷ‘ˆƒ’‘Ǥ͸ιͶ͹ǯͲιͳ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳͲƒ” Šͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡLeeuwenberg 11193 (BR,FHO,GC,K,MO,WAG); ʹŽ•„‡Ž‘™‡†œ‘ˆ‡Ǥ͸ιͶͻǯͲιʹ͸ǯǡʹͷƒ” ŠͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. GC 6500 (K,WAG); Western Region: ‡ƒ”’‘•—ǡǤǤͷιͷͶǯʹι͵ͻǯǡͳͶƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡFoggie 187 (FHO); 5 mls inland from Dixcove. 4°48’N 1°57’W, 31 March 1954 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 466 (K); 5 mls inland from Dixcove WP. 4°50’N 1°57’W, 31 March 1954 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 482 (K); road from Axim to Ancobra River, about 4 miles from river. 4°52’N 2°14’W, 1 June 1956 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 2227 (K); March 1927 (fr), Vigne FH 229 (BM,K); Awasu, Anwhiaso Forest ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͸ιͳ͹ǯʹιͳͳǯǡʹͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹ͹ȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 277 (FHO); Anwhiaso Forest Reserve. 6°17’N 2°11’W. Ž–ǣͳʹͳǡƒ” Šͳͻʹ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVigne FH 278ȋǡ ǡȌǢ‹’ƒǤǤͷιͲ͸ǯʹιͲ͸ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 2770ȋ ȌǢ‹’ƒȋ‡ƒ”ƒ—”ƒȌǤͷιͲ͸ǯʹιͲ͸ǯǡͳ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡAndoh FH 3244 (FHO); Anibil, W.P. ‘Ž‘›ǤͶιͷͻǯʹιͳͲǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndoh FH 3254 (FHO,K). 3.7 Materials and Methods  , ‘±ǣ‹†±Ž›ƒǤʹ†‡ƒ†‹ƒˆƒ”ƒǤͳͳιͳͺǯͳͶιͶʹǯǡȋϐŽȌǡParoisse 10 (P); Conakry: Ile de Kouaky. ͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡMaclaud 63ȋȌǢ‘—‹•‹Ǧ„²ŽƒǤͻιͷͷǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡParoisse 79 (P); Faranah: cercle †‡ ƒ”ƒƒŠǡ‘—„‹‘”‘Ǥͻιͳ͵ǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20650 (P); cercle de Faranah, ‹„‹‘—†ƒǤ ͻιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͳǯǡ ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 20996 (P); Kankan: Diaragouéla. ͳͲι͵͸ǯͻιͷͺǯǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͺͻͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 471ȋȌǢ‘—”‘—••ƒǤͳͲι͵ͻǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPobéguin (Guinea series) 827 (P); ƒ„±ǣ ƒƒ†‘—Ǧ —‹‹ǡ ‘—–ƒ ŒƒŽŽ‘Ǥ ͳͳιʹͲǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͳͺͺͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Noury s.n. (P); Mamouǣ‘‘—”‡ǤͳͲιͳ͹ǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (Guinea series) s.n. (P); Mamou. 10°22’N 12°04’W, ’”‹ŽͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (Guinea series) 1558ȋȌǢ‘—”‹ƒǤͳͲιͳͻǯͳʹιͳͷǯǡʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 18217 (P).  Ǧ , Bijagósǣ‘ŽƒƒǤͳͳι͵Ͷǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡͳͺͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSouza (Guinea-Bissau 1883), J.A. de s.n. (COI); ‘ŽƒƒǤͳͳι͵Ͷǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡȋϐŽȌǡSouza (Guinea-Bissau 1883), J.A. de s.n. (COI); Bolama. 11°34’N 15°31’W, 1884 ȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.R. de 108ȋ ȌǢ‘ŽƒƒǤͳͳι͵ͷǯͳͷιʹͻǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 605 (COI); Bolama, ‘˜ƒ‹–”ƒǤͳͳι͵ͷǯͳͷι͵Ͳǯǡͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͶͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEspirito Santo 1921 (COI,LISC,WAG); Quínara: Fulacunda. 11°46’N 15°10’W, 13 May 1945 (fr), Espirito Santo 2031 (COI,K,WAG); Tombaliǣ ƒ–ƒŠ‡œǦƒ‘– Š‹“—‡Ǥ ͳͳιͳͺǯͳͷιʹͷǯǡʹͳƒ” ŠͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡMoreira, A. 186 (LISC); Crossing of road Cantanhez-Quiledje. 11°13’N ͳͷιͲ͵ǯǡ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAlbuquerque D’Orey, J.D.S. de 372 (COI); Cacine. 11°08’N 15°10’W, August 1933 (fr), Espirito Santo 605 (COI); Bedanda-Jambarem. 11°18’N 15°05’W, 9 May 1961 (fr), Alves Pereira 1913 (MA). IVORY COAST, ǣ 1955 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 8242 (WAG); Abengourou: near Ghana. 6°44’N 3°29’W, ͵ͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThijssen, M.T. 154 (BR,MO,WAG); Abidjanǣ‘—„‘ǤͷιͳͺǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡƒ” Šͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJolly 13 (P); Campus, université d’Abidjan. 5°21’N 4°00’W, December 1972 (fr), Frédoux 161 (G); km 60 new road „‹†ŒƒǦ†‘— ‹ͳͲ‘ˆ‹‡•‹ǤͷιͶʹǯͶι͵ʹǯǡͳͻ —Ž›ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 218 (BR,K,MO,UCJ,WAG); Ǥ ‘ˆ ǤǤ ǤǤǤ „‘—– ͳͲ  Ǥ ‘ˆ ǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͹   ‘ˆ „‹†ŒƒǤ ͷιʹͲǯ ͶιͲͺǯǡ ʹͺ —‡ ͳͻ͸͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 319 (K,WAG); Garden of Centre Neerlandais, ORSTOM, 17 km west of Abidjan. 0°00’N ͲιͲͲǯǡʹ͹ —‡ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVersteegh 388 (WAG); près d’Abidjan. 5°20’N 4°02’W, May 1975 (fr), Frédoux 508ȋ ȌǢ‰—‡†±†‘—ǡʹͲŽǯ—‡•–†ǯ„‹†ŒƒǤͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͻǯǡͳͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBamps 1843 (BR); seed source Banco Forest. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 18 July 1973 (st), Koning, J. de 1932 (WAG); Banco Forest Reserve. ‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ’‘ŽŽ‘ Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‰—‡†‡†‘—Ǥ ͷιʹͶǯ ͶιͲͶǯǡ ʹͲ —‰—•– ͳͻ͹͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Koning, J. de 2070 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‡ƒ”†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǡͳ͹Ǥ‘ˆ„‹†ŒƒǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Leeuwenberg 2103 (K,WAG,Z); Banco Forest Reserve, between Apollo Plantation and Anguededou. 5°24’N 4°04’W, 28 February 1974 (fr), Koning, J. de 3380 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ”†‹ „‘–ƒ‹“—‡ †‡ ‹‰‡”˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ ͷιʹͳǯ ͵ιͷͶǯǡʹ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7465ȋ ȌǢ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲͻǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡ Roberty 15745 (G); Bingerville B.30.09Da. 5°21’N 3°53’W, 7 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15776 (G); entre la Žƒ‰—‡‘–‘—‡–Ž±’±Ǥͷιʹͷǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǡʹͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17438 (P); Attié, Alépé. 5°30’N ͵ι͵ͻǯǡ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17455 (P); Bingerville, jardin d’essai. 5°21’N 3°54’W, September ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 34238ȋȌǢͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡAubréville SF 201 (A,K); †œ‘’±: Mbasso. 6°17’N 3°29’W, 15 March 1907 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 17596 (P); Agboville: Pont de l’Agbo, chemin de fer km 82. 5°56’N Ͷιͳ͵ǯǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16764ȋȌǢ‰„‘˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥͷιͷ͸ǯͶιͳ͵ǯǡͳʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡAubréville SF 420 (P); ‘—ƒ±: Kokondekro. 7°38’N 5°02’W, 23 June 1984 (st), Poilecot 243 (G); Bouna: Toupé (Parc Komoé). 8°37’N 3°56’W, 11 June 1977 (fr), César 583 (P); 30 km N. of Kakpin, along Iringou river. 8°50’N ͵ιͶ͹ǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGeerling 2034 (K,WAG); Grand-Lahou: village Zegbé. 5°10’N 5°35’W, 1895 ȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 36 (P); Guiglo: Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 26 March 1961 (fr), Aké Assi s.n. (G); Tai, au bord du Cavally. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 11 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7058 (P); ad occidentem miserrimi oppidi Tai — —’ƒ–‹ǡ—Ž–”ƒϐŽ—‡ƒ˜ƒŽ‹Ǥǡͷιͷͳǯ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBernardi, L. 8424 (G,K,US,WAG); 13 km •–†‡ƒ”±ǤͷιͶͳǯ͹ιͳ͸ǯǡʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 11941 (G); 10 km Est de Sakré. 5°41’N 7°16’W, 2 —‡ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 12040 (G); Manǣ‘–‘‘—‹Ǥ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͻͷͲǡͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2198 (BR,WAG); —±ǣƒ–‘Ǥ͸ιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͻ —Ž›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡGautier; Béguin 165 (CSRS,G,LAMTO); ƒ–‘Ǥ͸ιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͳͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDugerdil 395 (G,LAMTO); ƒǦ±†”‘: San Pedro. 4°40’N 6°37’W, 18 March 1901 (fr), Thoiré 204 (P); between San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°42’N 6°47’W. Alt: 40m, 24 ƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 286 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); between San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°42’N 6°47’W. Ž–ǣͶͲǡʹͷƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 304 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); 7 km N of Béréby. 4°42’N 6°58’W, 14 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 664ȋ ȌǢ‡ƒ”‘‘‰ƒ‰ƒǡ‹”‘ƒ†•‹†‡ǤͶιͶͺǯ͸ιʹ͹ǯǡͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡ fr), Geerling 2421 (WAG); Sassandra: 14 km WSW of Kpata-Aidou. 5°03’N 5°52’W. Alt: 15m, 9 May 1975 (fr), Burg, W.J. van der 245 (MO,WAG); 10 km N of Sassandra. Near left border of Sassandra river. 5°02’N 6°08’W, ͳͲƒ›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡBurg, W.J. van der 270 (MO,WAG); Island in the Sassandra river, near Louga. 5°03’N 6°11’W, ͺ’”‹Žͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 1274 (BR,MO,WAG); On bank of Sassandra river, near Louga. 5°03’N 6°13’W, 9 3 ’Ǥͳͳͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳʹͲ April 1973 (fr), Koning, J. de 1343ȋǡ ȌǢ„‡Š‹† —›–’Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ǤͷιͲ͵ǯ͸ιͳͶǯǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Koning, J. de 2683ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ‘ˆ‡›×ǡͷ͸‘ˆƒ••ƒ†”ƒǤͷιͳͺǯ͸ιͲͷǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲǡͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 2737ȋǡ ǡȌǢͳͺ‘ˆƒ••ƒ†”ƒǤͷιͲͲǯ͸ιͳͷǯǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Leeuwenberg 2905 (COI,FHO,K,WAG); Tabouǣ‘–‹±‘‘—±Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯ͹ιͳͲǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStäuble 559 (G); FC de la Ht Dodo, close to Kouadjokro. 5°00’N 7°18’W. Alt: 150m, 4 May 1999 (st), Jongkind 4485 (BP,IAGB,MO,WAG); route Tabou-Tai 50 km au S. de Tai., 5°10’N 7°04’W, 12 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7055 (P); Tabou. 4°25’N 7°21’W, 8 April 1971 (fr), Aké Assi 11521 (G); Yamoussoukro: région du Nzi, Sénécro. 7°19’N Ͷιͷͻǯǡͳʹƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20147 (P). LIBERIA, ǣ June 1877 (fr), Carder s.n. (K); Grand Bassa: Edina. 5°55’N 10°05’W, January 1907 ȋϐŽȌǡ Reilingh, W. 1140 (WAG); Grand Gedehǣ ƒŽ‘‰ ”‡ ‡–Ž› ϐ‹‹•Š‡†  ”‘ƒ†Ǥ Š‡ ”‘ƒ† ‰‘‹‰ ‡ƒ•–Ǧ™‡•– ƒ† ’ƒ••‹‰ ƒŽ‘‰ ƒ—†‡‡Ǥ ͷι͵ͷǤͷǯ ͺιͲͻǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ͵ ƒ› ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Jongkind 6322 (BR,WAG); Montserradoǣ ‘Žƒ ‘”‡•–Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBunting, R.H. s.n. (BM); within 20 miles of Kaukatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W, 1904 (fr), Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Firestone Plantation, Division 18 6°24’N 10°19’W, 11 February 1970 (fr), Stoop - v.d. Kasteele 142 (MO,WAG); ‹„ƒ: Mont nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W, 25 July 1974 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 28767 (WAG); Sino: Diebla 4°55’N 7°40’W, 4 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6335 (K,US).   , ǣ 1908 (fr), Kitson s.n. (BM); (fr), Unknown 172 (FHO); 14 November 1968 (fr), Meer, P.P.C. van 1029 (BR,BUC,K,MO,POZG,WAG); March 1948 (fr), Irvine, F.R. 3602 (K); Abeokuta: Ilaro F.R. south of ‰„‘‰—”‘ƒ†‘–Š‡ͳͻͶͷ‡—‡”ƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡Ž‹‡Ǥ͸ιͶ͹ǯ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡOnochie FHI 32447 (K,P); Adamawa Stateǣƒ”†ƒ—‡”‘˜‹ ‡ƒ„‹ŽŽƒŽƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥ͹ιͳ͸ǯͳͳιͲʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸͹͸ǡʹͶ’”‹Žͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽǡ fr), Chapman, J.D. 3087 (FHO); Sardauna Province, Mambilla Plateau. 7°16’N 11°02’E. Alt: 1524m, 24 May ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡChapman, J.D. 3150ȋ ȌǢƒ”†ƒ—ƒ”‘˜Ǥ—”‹‘†‘Ǥ͹ιͲʹǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Chapman, J.D. 3672 (FHO,K); Gongola state, ganye local, Govt area. 8°26’N 12°04’E. Alt: 46m, 21 February 1977 ȋϐŽȌǡChapman, J.D. 4726 (FHO,K); Benue Stateǣ„‹•‹ƒ†‹ ‹‹–›Ǥ͹ιͶͷǯͺιͶͷǯǡ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDalziel 781 (K); Cross River Stateǣ„ƒǡǤͷιʹͲǯͻιͲͲǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n. (BM); Newi district wet Zone. 6°01’N 6°55’E, 1909 (fr), Kitson s.n. (BM); Old Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, (fr), Robb s.n. (BM); Newi. Ipurundza, ƒ‰ƒ‹Ǥ͸ιͲͳǯ͸ιͷͷǯǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡKitson s.n.ȋȌǢ„ƒǤͷιͳͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n. (BM); Itu., 5°12’N 7°59’E, 30 August 1891 (fr), Holland, J.H. 39ȋȌǢŽ†ƒŽƒ„ƒ”ǤͶιͷ͹ǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Thomson, W.C. 50 (E); Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, June 1882 (fr), Burton 50 (K); Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, January 1931 (fr), Smith, J. 62 ȋ ȌǢ –—Ǥ ͷιͳʹǯ ͹ιͷͻǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Smith, J. 73 (FHO); Adiabo. 5°40’N ͺιͳͷǯǡʹ͵ƒ” ŠͳͺͻͺȋϐŽȌǡHolland, J.H. 91ȋȌǢ ‘ƒ†—‹Ǥͷιͷ͹ǯͺι͵ͺǯǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͲȋϐŽȌǡHolland, J.H. 241 ȋȌǢ „—†— ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥ ͸ιͶͲǯ ͻιͳͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Tuley 554 (K); Newland —†‹‡Ǥͷιͷͷǯ͸ιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹ǡͳʹƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡTuley 584 (K); Hansa, Ikom road. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 18 ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Rosevear 31/ 21 ȋ ȌǢ ™‘’Ǧ›‡”‡Ǧ‰„‡Ǥ ͷι͵ͷǯ ͺιͳͲǯǡ ͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Rosevear 31/ 35 (FHO); Ogoja Province Reserve, Ayi Forest Reserve. 6°18’N 8°59’E, 1933 (st), Smith, J. FHI 1969 (FHO); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 12 February 1946 (fr), Aninze FHI 15410 (K); R. ata, below Koloishe. 5°37’N ͹ιͺͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡʹʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡSavory FHI 25058 (K); Abakaliki Prov, Obubra dist. Inv. 288 Agoi ǤǤŽ‘ ʹǤ͸ιʹͲǯͻιͲͳǯǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44119 (FHO,K); Edo State: Sapoba, Oshun Reserve. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 12 January 1928 (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 95 (FHO); Sapoba, Oshun Reserve. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 12 January 1928 (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 95 (FHO); Sapoba, foret Unugu. 6°13’N 7°14’E. Alt: 150m, 14 January 1928 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCons. of Forests 204 (FHO); Sapoba Forest Experimental Station near Sapele. 6°07’N 5°47’E, 16 January ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cons. of Forests 224 (FHO); Sapoba Forest Experimental Station near Sapele. 6°07’N 5°47’E, 14 January 1928 (fr), Cons. of Forests 225ȋ ȌǢƒ’‘„ƒǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKennedy, J.D. 760 (BM,FHO,K); Ona ƒ—‰›ƒˆƒ”‡ƒ”ƒ’‘„ƒȋ‘ˆ‡‹ȌǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLowe, J. 895 (WAG); (st), Kennedy, J.D. 2034ȋǡǡ ǡǡȌǢƒ’‘„ƒǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2066ȋǡȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2248ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢœ‹Ǥ͸ιʹͷǯ͸ι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 2350 (K); Benin ”‘˜Ǥ‡‹†‹˜Ǥǡƒ’‘„ƒǡ‡ƒ” ‘”‡•– ‘—•‡Ǥ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBrenan 8938 (FHO,K); ‹–•Šƒ ”‘˜‹ ‡Ǥ Ͷ Ž• ˆ”‘ ‹ƒ–‹ƒǤ ͸ιͳͲǯ ͸ιͶ͹ǯǡ ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͶ͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Jones, A.P.D. FHI 522 (FHO); Sapoba, in experimental area. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 7 April 1944 (fr), Onyeagocha FHI 7120 (K); arboretum bording ƒ‡•‘Ǥ͹ιͲͳǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOnyeagocha FHI 7616 (FHO); Owerri Province, Taylor No.1. ͷι͵ͷǯ͹ιͶͷǯǡͻƒ” ŠͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡAkpata FHI 16512ȋ ȌǢƒŽ‘‰ •‹‘”‹”‹ˆƒ”’ƒ–ŠǡͳȀʹ‹Ž‡•ˆ”‘ •‹‘”‹”‹‹ Warruke (Kukuruku district). 19 March 1948 (fr), Okon FHI 22753 (K); 1949 Abedi Taungya in Sapoba F.R. ͸ιʹͲǯͷι͵ͺǯǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDundas FHI 27241 (K); Ishan, Ugboha N.A. reserve. 6°45’N 6°28’E, ͳ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡHenry, R.W.T. FHI 29129ȋȌǢ„‡Ǥ͸ιͶ͵ǯͻι͵ʹǯǡʹͷ —‡ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡEjiofor FHI 32005 (K); ƒ’‘„ƒȋ‡‹ȌǤ„›–Š‡’ƒ–Š„‡–™‡‡ˆ‘”‡•–Žƒ„‘—” ƒ’ƒ†–Š‡”‡•–Š‘—•‡Ǥ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡ fr), Emwiogbon FHI 45329ȋ ȌǢƒ’‘„ƒ ǤǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹʹƒ›ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEimunjeze FHI 72556 (K,P); 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒ•–‘ˆƒ’‘„ƒͶͲ‘ˆ‡‹Ǥ͸ιͲͷǯͷιͷʹǯǡ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLowe, J. UIH 21317 (K); Enugu State: Enugu. 6°26’N 7°29’E, 28 April 1963 (fr), Schwabe, W. 25 (B); near Amechi village on Enugu Abakaliki road. 6°25’N 7°59’E, 21 February 1973 (fr), Latilo FHI 67621 (K,WAG); Kaduna State: Nimbia F.R., 9°30’N 8°32’E, 3 April 1963 (fr), Latilo FHI 17141 (K); Lagos Stateǣ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͺͺ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMoloney s.n. (K); Lagos. ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹͶǯǡͳͺͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRowland s.n.ȋȌǢ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBatten-Poole 7 (K); 6°27’N 3°23’E, 1946 ȋϐŽȌǡBatten-Poole 85ȋǡȌǢ‰„ƒ†‘†‹•–”‹ –ǡ ‰„‘‰‹ŽƒǤ͸ι͵͸ǯ͵ιͳ͸ǯǡͳͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡEimunjeze FHI 68013 (K,WAG); Ogun State: road from Ijebu Igbo to Araromi 10 km N. of Ijebu Igbo, near Lagada village. ͹ιͲʹǯͶιͲͳǯǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 561 (WAG); Shasha Forest Reserve, Ijebu Province. ͹ιͲͷǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, P.W. 3026 (BM,S); between Olokemeji and Ado-awaye. 7°50’N ͵ιʹ͸ǯǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRichards, P.W. 5014 (K); entre Ibadan et Abcokuta. 7°16’N 3°37’E, March 1899 ȋϐŽȌǡSchlechter, F.R.R. 13022ȋ ȌǢ͸ι͵͸ǯͶιͳͷǯǡ͹’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 16837 (FHO); Abakurudu. 22 ƒ” ŠͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17024 (FHO,K); Ondo StateǣȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2584 (FHO); Owo forest ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ιͲͷǯͷιʹʹǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡWhite, F. 8198 (FHO); In Carter’s peak, Idanre. 7°03’N 5°06’E. Ž–ǣͷͲͲǡͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 8656ȋ ǡȌǢ‘–‘””‘ƒ†ǡͳ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡTamajong 14693 (FHO); between Idoani & Ikun. 7°20’N 5°50’E, 9 April 1979 (fr), Daramola; Osanyinlusi 79/ 5 (FHI,K,WAG); 12 miles, Owena-Akure Road. 7°12’N 5°10’E, 5 February 1969 (fr), Gbile, Z.O. FHI 20561 (K); Ifaki-Ikole road. „‘—–ͳŽǤˆ”‘ Ž—’‡Œ—Ǥ͹ιͶͺǯͷιʹʹǯǡʹͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 70668 (K,WAG); Ago (Owo) ’ƒ—™—”‡Ǧ ‡”‡”†Ǥ͹ιʹͺǯͷιʹͳǯǡͺƒ” Šͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 70732 (WAG); Osun State: 90 km from ”‡‘„‡‹”‡”‘ƒ†Ǥ͹ιͷͺǯͶι͵ͶǯǡͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡDaramola, B.O. 94/ 353 (K); Oyo State: near Owi ”‹˜‡”ƒ„‘—–‹Ž‡•‘ˆ „ƒ†ƒǤ͹ιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBurtt, B.L. 17 (K); road to Ibanda. 7°23.27’N ͵ιͷ͵Ǥ͹ͺǯǡͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHead, D. 68 (K); Ijaiye forest reserve 10 miles W. of Ijaiye, 21 miles NW of „ƒ†ƒǤ͹ιͶͲǯͶιͳͲǯǡͷƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 649 (WAG); near Ibadan. 7°23’N 3°54’E, 29 December ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeikle 907ȋǡȌǢ‡ƒ” „ƒ†ƒǤ͹ιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeikle 978 (B,EA,K,MA,S); Ijaiye Forest Reserve (Western State, Ibadan District). 7°40’N 3°30’E, 21 December 1971 (st), Wit, P. 1057 ȋ ǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒ”‹ǡʹͲ‹Ž‡•ǤǤ‘ˆ „ƒ†ƒǤ͹ιͲͺǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡʹʹƒ›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡEijnatten 1545 (WAG); Ibadan. 7°23’N 3°54’E, 18 May 1936 (fr), Roberty 1714ȋ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒ”‹ˆ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ιͺͲǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡʹ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡ fr), Bernardi, L. 8720ȋ ǡǡȌǢƒ†‡‘Ǥ͹ιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡʹͻƒ” ŠͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡHall, T.H.R. FHI 27456 (WAG); ƒ„‡”‹‰”‘—’ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡—‡”ƒ”‹‘Ž‘ Ǥ͹ιͲͺǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡƒ” Šͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLatilo FHI 34984 (K); Olla hills F.R. in the west east slope. 8°02’N 4°15’E, 27 March 1958 (fr), Binuyo FHI 36912 (K); University ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡‘–ƒ‹ ƒŽ ƒ”†‡•ǡ „ƒ†ƒǤ͹ιʹ͵Ǥʹ͹ǯ͵ιͷ͵Ǥ͹ͺǯǡʹ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLatilo FHI 37956 (K); Oba F.R ƒŽ‘‰–Š‡‹•–”‡ƒǤ͹ιͶͷǯͶιͲ͹ǯǡͳͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 40946 (K,P); Plateau State: Ngel ›ƒ‹ǡ‘”–Š‡”ƒ„‹ŽŽƒǤ͹ιʹ͹ǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸͹͸ǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡWimbush FHI 48394 (K); Rivers Stateǣ ‘”– ƒ” ‘—”–ǡ ͶιͶ͸ǯ ͹ιͲʹǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Stubbings C 134 (K); Taraba State: Adamawa Division, mambila ‹•–”‹ –Ǥƒ„‹ŽƒŽƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥ͹ιͲͲǯͳͳιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͷͲǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡHepper 1725 (K,S); NE state, Muri †‹˜Ǥ ——›‡ †‹•–”Ǥ ƒ‰‘”‘ ‘”‡•– ”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͺιͶͲǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͵͹ʹ Ǧ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chapman, J.D. 4023 (FHO,K); NE state, Muri div. Mumuye distr. Gangoro Forest reserve. 8°40’N 11°41’E. Alt: ͳͷʹͶǡͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͸ȋϐŽȌǡChapman, J.D. 4156 (FHO,K); NE state, Muri div. Mumuye distr. Gangoro Forest ”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͺιͶͲǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͹͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Chapman, J.D. 4234 (FHO,K); Gongola state, Mambilla div. Gashaka, chappal Hendu c. 5500 ft. 7°22’N 11°44’E, 22 April 1976 (fr), Chapman, J.D. 4370 (FHO,K); Gongola State: Sardauna, Linedi (Faadahsee). Mambilla Plateau at the N.E. corner overlooking Mayo ƒ„‡•‡Ǥ ͹ιͲͶǯ ͳͳιͲͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chapman, J.D. 4647 (FHO,K); Gongola State, Sadauna Local govt Area, Mambilla Plateau Gono (Mayo Ndaga). 6°55’N 11°30’E. Alt: 1524m, 15 November ͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡChapman, J.D. 5060 (FHO,K); Gongola State, Sardauna. Akwaijantar Forest, W. foothills of Mambilla Žƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥ ͸ι͵ͳǯ ͳͳιͳͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲ͸͹ǡ ͳ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chapman, J.D. 5180 (FHO,K); Gongola State, Sadauna Local govt Area, River Amboi Forest Reserve Baissa, close to Gidan Giwa. 6°55’N 11°30’E, 8 April ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡChapman, J.D. 5305ȋ ǡȌǢƒ›‘Ǧ‘„‘Ǧƒ‹Ǧ †‘ƒ—Ǥ͹ιͲͷǯͳͳιʹʹǯǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Latilo FHI 28975 (FHO,K).  , ǣȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡDon Jr, G. s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺͶͶȋϐŽȌǡŠ‹–ϔ‹‡Ž†ǡǤ s.n. (BM); ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (S); ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); (fr), Afzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8046ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 8894 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 8974 (K); 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 8999 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 9114 (K); Eastern Province: Mattru. 7°52’N 11°22’W, 1 April 1956 (fr), Pyne 118 (B,K); Gbenderu. 7°50’N 11°11’W. Alt: 15m, 5 January 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 7134 (K); Gbenderu. 7°50’N 11°11’W. Alt: 15m, 3 January 1915 ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7353ȋȌǢ‹‰‹‘—–ƒ‹•ǤͺιͷͷǯͳͲιͶ͹ǯǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1808 (K); ‘”–Š‡””‘˜‹ ‡ǣƒ–ƒ—ǤͻιͲͷǯͳʹιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͳǡʹͲ’”‹ŽͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 59 (K); Samaia. 3 ’Ǥͳʹͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳʹʹ 9°32’N 12°26’W. Alt: 137m, 5 May 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 195 (K); Makeni. 8°25’N 12°32’W, 23 March 1966 (fr), Samai, S.K. 305ȋȌǢ—„ƒ—ǤͻιͲ͵ǯͳʹιͲͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͻͺǡͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 1974 (K); ‡ƒ”‘ˆƒ”‹ǡ ƒ” ‹‡•Ǥͻιͳʹǯͳʹιͷͷǯǡͳͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͻʹȋϐŽȌǡScott Elliot 4437 (BM); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Ž–ǣͳͷǡ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5977 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt: 15m, 3 December 1918 (st), Thomas, N.W. 6001ȋȌǢƒ‰„‹Ž‡ǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6066 (K); ƒ‰„‹Ž‡ǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6085 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Ž–ǣͳͷǡ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6490 (K); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 22 May 1966 (st), Jaeger, P. 9006ȋȌǢ‘ƒǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲ͹ǯǡʹ͹ƒ›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 9106 (G); Kabala (Mt Loma). 9°10’N 11°07’W, ͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͸͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 23709 (C); between Kondembaia and foot of Loma mountains. 9°07’N ͳͳιͳ͸ǯǡʹͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1011 (K,WAG); Southern Province: Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 10 May 1951 (fr), Small, D. 24ȋȌǢ‘”ƒȋ—ȌǤ͹ιͳͻǤͺͷǯͳʹιͳͶǤ͸Ͳǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡBakshi 85 (K); 1960 (fr), Bakshi 85ȋȌǢŒƒŽƒǤͺιͲ͹ǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻʹ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 494 (K); Moyamba. 8°10’N 12°25’W, ͵ͳƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 1916ȋȌǢƒ›ƒǤ͹ιͷͲǯͳʹιͲͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 3001 (FHO); (st), Thomas, N.W. 8092ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8153ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8188ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 8280ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8297ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8340ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8366 ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8426ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8481ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8557 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 9371ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 9746ȋȌǢ‘›ƒ„ƒǤǤ͹ιͷ͹ǯͳʹι͵ͳǯǡͳ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 3991 (K); Western Area: Kissy on hill above the town, Freetown. 8°28’N 13°12’W, 28 January 1964 (st), Morton, J.K. SL 690 (K,WAG). TOGO, Plateaux: 5 km E. of Badou on the road to Atakpamé. 7°35’N 0°39’E, 30 April 1978 (fr), Hakki 610 ȋǡȌǢŽ‘–‘Ǥ͸ιͺͲǯͲιͶͷǯǡͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡBrunel 1219 (B); Ayomé (West 1. Atakpamé). 7°30’N 0°57’E, 4 March ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡErn 3271ȋǡȌǢ‘–‰‘—ǡ„‘”††‡ ‘–‡Ǥ͸ιͷͳǯͲιͶͶǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡͶƒ›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSchäfer, P.A. 7707ȋǡ ȌǢǤȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡUnknown s.n. (BM). Key literature: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum gabonense Biss. Blumea 58: 4 (2013; as ‘C. gabonensis’). – Type: Breteler & Breteler-Klein Breteler 13124 (holotype: WAG; isotype: LBV, WAG), Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, ca. 20-30 km NNW of Ndjolé, 0°03’N, 10°45’E, October 2nd, 1994. D subsp. gabonense ‹‰Ǥͳ͵ Tree or treelet, up to 7 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, narrowly triangular, ͹Ȃͳͷ  Ž‘‰. Leaf: petiole canaliculate above, 3–7 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ͳ͸Ȃ͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌš͸ȂͳͲȋȂ ͳͳȌ , ratio 2ȂͶǤͷǡ base cuneate to tapering, apex acuminate or sometimes acute, –Š‹  Ž‡ƒ–Š‡”› –‘ ‘”‹ƒ ‡‘—•ǡ —’’‡” •—”ˆƒ ‡ ϐŽƒ– ‘” ”ƒ”‡Ž› „—ŽŽƒ–‡ǡ ƒ”‰‹ •‡””—Žƒ–‡ ‘” sometimes entire toward the base, rarely entire, upper surface dark green, lower surface ’ƒŽ‡”‰”‡‡ǡ„‘–Š•‹†‡•‰Ž‘••›ǡ›‘—‰Ž‡ƒ˜‡•’—”’Ž‡Ǧ”‡†Ǣ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ prominent below, main lateral veins ͳͶȂʹ͹‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, 6–23 mm apart, prominent on both sides, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, not to slightly prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on the upper side, slightly distinct on the lower. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched, erect, compact, its main axis 3–13 cm long; peduncle robust; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, narrowly triangular; bracts persistent at the base of the cymules, –”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ʹȂ͵  Ž‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡• ͵ȂͷȋȂͳͲȌ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͶȂͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: pedicel ʹ ͳ H A I B C  E G ‹‰—”‡ͳ͵Ǥ Campylospermum gabonense. A. Tertiary venation at the midrib. B. Stipule. C. Pairwise scales. . Leaf branch. E. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Seeds and cotyledons. GǤ ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǤH. Flower. I. Sepals in fruit. JǤϐŽ‘™‡”‡†›—Ž‡Ǥ”ƒ™‹‰•„›ƒ„‹‡‘—•ƒ‹ ƒ’ͳͶ. Distribution of Campylospermum gabonense ssp. australeȋ጖ȌǡCampylospermum gabonense ssp. gabonense ( ) and Campylospermum glaberrimumȋοȌ 3.7 Materials and Methods J 3 ’Ǥͳʹ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳʹͶ 5–15 mm, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ƒ– ͵Ȃͻ  ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡Ǣ •‡’ƒŽ• ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡” ͹Ȃͻ š ʹȂ͵ mm, greenish, in fruit 9–10 by 3–4 mm, red; petals obovate, 10–15 x 5–9 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex, yellow; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style 6–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 3–4 mm wide; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, c. 7 x 5 mm, black at maturity; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a smaller outer cotyledon. Notesǣ Š‡ •’‡ ‹‡• ‡’‹–Š‡– ™ƒ• ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽŽ› ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ• Dz‰ƒ„‘‡•‹•dzǡ „—– –Š‡ ‘””‡ – •’‡ŽŽ‹‰‹•Dz‰ƒ„‘‡•‡dzǡƒ‡””‘”Š‡”‡ ‘””‡ –‡†Ǥ Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Moyen-Ogooué and Ngounié provinces; Map ͳͶ). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, sometimes along rivers or streams; at 70– 400 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘—‰—•––‘‘˜‡„‡”ƒ†‹’”‹ŽǢˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† from October to January. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ʹƒ„ȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ αͶǡͶ͹͹ 2ǡ αʹǡ͵Ͷͺ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͵ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͳͷǤ͵ʹ ȌǤ ŽŽ ‘™ ”‡ ‘”†• ‘ˆ –Š‹• –ƒš‘ ƒ”‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ”‡ƒ• ‡š’‘•‡† –‘ ‹‹‰ ƒ†Ȁ‘” Ž‘‰‰‹‰ ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• ”‡†‡”‹‰ ƒ †‡ Ž‹‡ ‹ ‹–•  ƒ†Ȁ‘” “—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Šƒ„‹–ƒ–‘•–Ž‹‡Ž›ƒ†Š‡ ‡–Š‡Ǯ—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡ǯ ƒ–‡‰‘”›Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ••‹‰‡†Ǥ Specimens examined: , ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣ  †‡ ‡ŽŽ‡ —‡Ǥ ƒ›‘ Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯ ͳͲι͵ͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dibata 66 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ’ „‘—‹ǡ ƒ•‡Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͳͲιͷͲǯǡ ͳ͸ —‰—•– ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Azizet Issembé 176 ȋǡ ȌǢ ‹••ƒ‰ƒǡ ͷǦͳͷ   ‘ˆ †Œ‘Ž±Ǥ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͳ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 10375 ȋǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢͷǦ͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10983 (WAG); 20͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 13124 (LBV,WAG); M’Boumi, chantier SHM 30km S of Ndjolé, on border of the Ogooué river near Ndjolé. 0°25’S 10°50’E, 17 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14655 (WAG); M’Boumi, chantier SHM 30km S of Ndjolé, on border of the Ogooué river near Ndjolé. 0°25’S 10°50’E, 17 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14658 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: along a forestry road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné ”‘ƒ†ǤͳιͲ͵Ǥ͹ǯͳͲιʹͺǤ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͻǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 610 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné ”‘ƒ†ǤͳιͳͲǤͻǯͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͷǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 627 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ͳιͳͲǤͻǯ ͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͸ͷǡ ʹͻ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 628 (LBV,WAG); Old forest 2-3 km SE of Forestry Camp Waka situated ± 32 km S.E. of Sindara, Waka R. Basin. 1°14’S 10°53’E. Alt: 350m, 12 December 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1324 (WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route exploitation forestière EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.76’S 10°42.50’E. Alt: 72m, 22 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1432 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1451 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1452 (LBV,WAG); 2 km on the road branching off near Ikobey to Magonga. 1°01.67’S 10°57.46’E. Alt: 200m, 25 November 2001 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 4402 ȋ ȌǢͷͲ‘ˆƒ„ƒ”±±ǤͳιͲͶǯͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡʹͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 5725 (WAG); Right bank ‰‘—‹±Ǥǡ‘ˆ‹†ƒ”ƒǡͳ͹‘ˆŠƒ–‹‡”ƒƒǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͲιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 13617 (WAG); between Yombi and Fougamou, E slope of Koumounabouali ridge. 1°20’S 10°40’E, 22 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14052 (BR,BRLU,MO,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). 3.7 Materials and Methods D subsp. australe Biss. Blumea 58: 5 (2013; as ‘subsp. australis’). – Type: Wieringa 2852 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: BR!, LBV!, MO!), Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime, Rabi, 0.6 km on the road to platform Rabi 78, 1°55.1’S, 9°50.8’E, October 4th, 1994. Like the typical subspecies, but the leaf blade bullate between the lateral veins or rarely ϐŽƒ–ƒ†–Š‡• ƒŽƒ”‹ˆ‘”–‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡‹•”—‹‰’‡”’‡†‹ —Žƒ”–‘–Š‡ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•Ǥ Notesǣ Š‡ •—„•’‡ ‹‡• ƒ‡ ™ƒ• ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽŽ› ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ• Dzƒ—•–”ƒŽ‹•dzǡ „—– –Š‡ ‘””‡ – •’‡ŽŽ‹‰‹•Dzƒ—•–”ƒŽ‡dzǡƒ‡””‘”Š‡”‡ ‘””‡ –‡†Ǥ Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Ogooué-Maritime, western Ngounié and Nyanga provinces; ƒ’ͳͶ). Ecology: in primary, moist and wet forest, in valleys with small streams; on sandy soil; at 3–350 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘ –‘„‡”–‘‡ ‡„‡”Ǣˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ –‘„‡” to January. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹƒ„ȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ α͸ǡͺ͸ʹ 2ǡ αͳǡͷͶͶ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͷȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳʹǤͶ͵ȌǤŠ‹•–ƒš‘‹•‘™ˆ”‘‘Ž›ͳͷ”‡ ‡– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•ǡ ϐ‹˜‡‘ˆ™Š‹ ŠˆƒŽŽ™‹–Š‹–Š‡‘ƒ‰‘ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ƒ†–Š‡‘—ƒŽƒ„ƒǦ‘—†‘—ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Park. The remaining ten collections originate from logging and oil concessions while even the Loango park is under development threat from Chinese mining companies. Therefore, this subspecies is best placed in the Vulnerable category. Specimens examined: , ‰‘—‹±: Agouma. 1°36’S 10°10’E, December 1925 (st), Le Testu 5834 (BR,P); ›ƒ‰ƒ: Doudou Mountains, Chantier SFN-Bakker. 2°39.3’S 10°27.0’E. Alt: 180m, 22 November 2003 (st), Jongkind 5734 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡ǣ ƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ —œœ‹ Š‡ŽŽ‹Ǥ ͳιͷ͸ǯ ͻιͷ͵ǯǡ ͳͷ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Schoenmaker, J. 34 (WAG); Rabi, W of Shell platform 76, 100m in the forest. 1°57’S 9°51’E. Alt: 30m, 2 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHaegens 89 (WAG); Rabi-E, N of Pechoud Camp. 1°56.5’S 9°52.9’E, 26 October 1990 (st), Nek 117 (WAG); savannah road to Vera, 32 km E from junction to Mayonami. 2°43.4’S 10°12.2’E. Alt: 70m, 21 November 1995 (fr), Bergen 126 (WAG); Rabi-Kounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S 9°51’E, 11 November 1991 ȋϐŽȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 134 (WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rembo Rabi, NW of Rabi site. 1°53.7’S 9°50.7’E, 13 November ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Nek 289 (LBV,MO,WAG); near Rabi, S of old Rubbish-heap. 1°57.6’S 9°52.8’E, 11 January 1991 (fr), Nek 560 (LBV,WAG); Monts Doudou, W. of Doussala and Rés. de Faune de Moukalaba. 2°15’S 10°20’E. Alt: 350m, 5 December 1984 (fr), Arends 635 (WAG); Rabi, 0.6 km on the road to platform Rabi 78. 1°55.1’S ͻιͷͲǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2852 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Koumouloundou, route d’accès ƒ—‡„‘Ǧƒ„‹ǤʹιͲͲǯͻι͵͸ǯǡͳͲ —‡ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7413ȋȌǢ͵Ͳ‘ˆƒ„‹ǡŠ‹‰Š„ƒ‘ˆƒƒˆϐŽ—‡– of the Echira River. 2°08’S 9°43’E. Alt: 15m, 28 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9843 (LBV,MO,WAG); ƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ Š‹”ƒ”‘ƒ†ǤʹιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10152 (WAG); Gamba. N’Dogo Lagoon, ‡ƒ”‘—‰ƒǤʹιʹͷǤͻǯͻιͶʹǤ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11363 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). Campylospermum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Farron Fig. ͳͶ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Gomphia glaberrima P.Beauv., Fl. Oware: 22 (1807). – Ouratea glaberrima (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg in Engl. & Prantl., Nat. ϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ‡†Ǥͳǡ ǡ͸ǣͳͶʹȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤȂMonelasmum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh., J. 3 ’Ǥͳʹͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳʹ͸ Bot. (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Exomicrum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Palisot de Beauvois s.n. (holotype: G!), Nigeria, Oware, 1805. Notocampylum decrescens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea decrescens (Tiegh.) A.Chev., Expl. Bot. Afr. Occ. 1: 107 (1920). – Type: Chevalier 881 (holotype: P (2x)!), French Sudan, Soukouraba, 1899. Notocampylum chevalieri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Chevalier 880 (holotype: P (2x)!), French Sudan, Soukouraba, 1899. Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Chevalier 770 (holotype: P!), French Sudan, Fincolo, 1899. Monelasmum glaucum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Pobeguin 227 (holotype: P (2x)!), Ivory Coast, Grand-Lahon, December 1896. Ouratea insculpta Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33(2): 263 (1904). Ȃ Type: Rowland s.n. (holotype: B†; isotype: K!, P (2x)!), Upper Guinea: West of Lagos. Tree up to 5 m tall, rarely lianescent, with multiple stems; twigs with pale or whitish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes elliptic-obovate, ȋ͵ȂȌͷȂͳ͸šȋͳǤͷȂ ȌʹȂ͸ , ratio ʹȂ͵ȋȂ͸ǤͶȌ, base cuneate to rounded, apex blunt to acute or occasionally acuminate but very apex always blunt to acute, coriaceous, margin almost entire to serrulateǡ—’’‡”•‹†‡‰Ž‘••›ǡ†ƒ”‰”‡‡ǡ’ƒŽ‡”‰”‡‡„‡‡ƒ–ŠǢ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‘ slightly prominent above, prominent below, ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ͷȂͳͷ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͷȂͳͷ mm apart, at a more or less right to slight angle with the midrib and curved upward to run parallel to the margin, not prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 1–2 in between each pairs of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform to the midrib, indistinct to slightly distinct on the upper side, indistinct to distinct on the lower. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, unbrached or rarely with up to 4 racemes, lax, its ƒ‹ƒš‹•ȋͳȂȌ͸ȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͳȌ Ž‘‰Ǣ peduncle woody at base, slender upward; racemes ͲȂʹȋȂͷȌǡ͵ȂͷȋȂͳͷȌ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales 1-2 mm long, persistent at the base of the peduncle; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ ƒ’ƒ”–, ͳȂͶǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǡ”ƒ”‡Ž› ͳͶǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡Ž͹ȂͳͺŽ‘‰, articulated at c. 2–5 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͹Ȃͺš͵ǡ’ƒŽ‡‰”‡‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͹ȂͳͲš͵ȂͶǡ‡”‡ –‘Ǧ’ƒ–‡– and red, base rounded, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 8–14 x 7–9 mm, cuneate at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style 6–7 cm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳšͳ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ ǤͶšʹ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ red; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to obovoid, c. 8 x 4 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. congestum but differs by its main lateral veins being not prominent on both sides and often longer pedicels (7–18 mm in C. glaberrimum, 4–11 mm in C. congestum). 3.7 Materials and Methods Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, southern Mali, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin and Nigeria, with a single ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒȋMap ͳͶ). Ecology: in secondary forest, along forest edges, in swampy, mangrove and riverine forest; on sandy, loamy, granitic and clayish soil; at 0–760 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ƒ† ˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ƒŽŽ year round. Uses: The wood is reported to be usable, without indication of a purpose, and the ’Žƒ–ȋ‘•’‡ ‹ϐ‹ ’ƒ”–‡–‹‘‡†Ȍ–‘›‹‡Ž†ƒ dyestuff (Burkill, 1997). Vernacular name: Benin: Alové; ‹‰‡”‹ƒ: Otchireda (Igbuira). IUCN conservation status: LC. 2 αʹǡ͵ͻ͹ǡ͵͹Ͳ  ǡ αʹǡ͵ͷͻǡʹ͹Ͳ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͶ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαʹ͹͸ ȌǤ Š‹• species is widely distributed in West Africa inside as well as outside National Parks, from the tropical to the dryer Sudanian savannah œ‘‡Ǥ – ‹• ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ƒ† ™‡ŽŽ represented in herbaria, reasons why the category of Least Concern has been assigned. Specimens examined: A ʹ ͳ E  3 ’Ǥͳʹ͹ F B C ‹‰—”‡ ͳͶǤ Campylospermum glaberrimum. A. Flowering branch. B. fruiting branch. C. Flowering branch with persistent sepals. . Fruiting branch. E. Fruit. F. Flowering branch with open ϐŽ‘™‡”•ȋ–‘’ƒ†„‘––‘˜‹‡™ȌǤ ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent cotyledons. Drawings by Sabine Bousani  , ǣ (fr), Poisson s.n. (P); Atakora: Perma, Kouatena. 10°12.08’N 1°30.10’E. Alt: 454m, 21 February 2001 (st), Akoègninou 4258 (BENIN,WAG); Perma, 10°12.1’N 1°30.1’E. Alt: 454m, 21 October 2001 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAkoègninou 5575 (BENIN,WAG); Kouatena, 10 km NE of Perma, RNIE 6. Goldmine area. 10°11.78’N 1°30.01’E, 13 April 2001 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 7563 (BENIN,WAG); Atlantique: Togbota, Agué, Issawémè. ͸ιͶ͵ǯʹιʹͶǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡHanon, L. 9 (BRLU); Togbota, Agué, Issawémè. 6°43’N 2°24’E, 20 November 2000 (st), Dan 157 (BR,BRLU); Togbota, Issawémè. 6°43’N 2°24’E, 29 August 2001 (st), Dan 532 (BRLU); ZouǣƒƒǤ͸ιͷ͸ǤͶ͸ǯʹιͳͲǤʹͷǯǡ —‡ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAdomou 26 (BENIN,WAG); Bénin-Lokoli, Dohokpa. 7°02.89’N ʹιͳ͸Ǥͷͺǯǡ ʹʹ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Dan 899 (BR); Lama. 6°59’N 2°12’E, 21 June 1998 (st), Akoègninou 1458 (BENIN,BR,IFAN,K,MO,WAG); Lama. 6°58’N 2°04’E, 30 July 1998 (st), Akoègninou 1798 (BENIN,BR,MO,WAG); ƒƒǤ͸ιͷ͹ǯʹιͲͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͻǡͳ͵—‰—•–ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAdjakidjè 4814 (BENIN,WAG); Lama 6°58’N 2°05’E, 14 —‰—•–ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAdjakidjè 4844 (BENIN,WAG).   , ‘‘±ǣƒˆ‘”ƒǡ ƒ• ƒ†‡ǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͶιͶͻǯǡʹʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 5260 (P); chutes ‘‘±ȋƒˆ‘”ƒȌǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͶιͶͻǯǡʹʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 15290 (P); Leraba, Lera. 10°35.77’N ͷιͳͺǤ͹ͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͵ʹǡͳͷ —Ž›ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSanou BUR 728 (CNSF,K); Houet: Bobo-Dioulasso. 11°11’N 4°18’W, ͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGeerling 1230 (WAG); Haute Volta. Bobo. Orodara. Koumi. 12°15.33’N 4°25.63’W, 14 —‰—•–ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSanou BUR 659 (CNSF,K); ±±†‘—‰‘—: Soukouraba. 10°51’N 5°11’W, 13 May 1899 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 880 (P); Soukouraba. 10°51’N 5°11’W, 13 May 1899 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 881 (P).    , Rio Muni, Litoralǣ‡‹–‘Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͻι͵͹ǯǡͳͻʹ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 812 (BM). , ǣ ͳͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Farmar 368 (BM,K); Ashanti Region: N. Ashanti. 6°38’N 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳʹͺ ͳιͲͶǯǡȋϐŽȌǡDalziel 43 (E,K); Brong-Ahafo Region: Fuller Waterfall, 300m, 8°05.0’N 1°47.7’W. Alt: 300m, 9 ƒ” ŠͳͻͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJongkind 2114ȋǡǡ ȌǢ —ŽŽ‡” ƒŽŽ•ǡ‹–ƒ’‘ǤͺιͲͷǯͳιͶ͹ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡ Vigne FH 2537 (FHO); Eastern Regionǣ„›ˆˆ”ƒƒ–ƒ”‘‰Ǥ͸ιͶͲǯͲιʹ͵ǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. A 4198 (K); Kwahu Nteso to Ankoma., 6°38’N 0°39’W, 17 January 1968 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 37503 (FHO,K); Western Regionǣƒ‘ƒ’‹†•Ǥͷιͳ͵ǯʹιͶͷǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͳȋϐŽȌǡBrent 36 (K); Ankasa Game Reserve following footpath right just after entrance going parallel to Ankasa R. 5°13’N 2°39’W. Alt: 100m, 19 March ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 2150ȋǡ ȌǢ–—ƒ„‘Ǧ‡›‹”‘ƒ†ǤͶιͷͻǯʹι͵͵ǯǡʹ —Ž›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHall, J.B. GC 35683 (FHO); Bui. 8°16’N 2°16’W, 24 July 1976 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 46229 (WAG).  , ‘±ǣ ƒ„ƒǤ ͳͳιͶͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Cordonnier 222 (BR); Kindia: French ‰—‹‡ƒǣ ”‹‰—‹ƒ‰„‡Ǥͻιͷ͹ǯͳʹιͷ͸ǯǡͺƒ›ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡChillou 407 (BR,P); Monts Kakoulima. 9°46’N 13°27’W, ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 2485ȋȌǢ ”‹‰—‹ƒ‰„‡Ǥͻιͷ͹ǯͳʹιͷ͸ǯǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶʹȋϐŽȌǡChillou 3490 (BR,P); ‡‰ƒ‰ƒǤʹͺǤͳͺǤ ƒǤͳͲιͲͶǯͳʹιͷͳǯǡ͵ƒ›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17784 (G); Mamou: Fouta-Djallon, bord du ‘‘—”±ǤͳͲιͳ͹ǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡParoisse 211 (P); œ±”±‘”±: Mt Nimba, Nzo. 7°40’N 8°19’W, 20 April ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 146 (C,K,P,SERG,WAG). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣƒ ƒ”±ǤͷιͳͷǯͶιͲͷǯǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMiège s.n. (G); Petit Lahon. 5°07’N ͷιͳ͹ǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 28 (P); Rocher de Brafouédi, near Bécédi, on the road –‘‹‡•‹Ǥͷι͵ͻǯͶι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 66 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); 8 km west ‘ˆ ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǡ‘”–Š‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹”‘ƒ†–‘„‹†ŒƒǤͷιͳ͵ǯ͵ιͶͺǯǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡVersteegh 146 (WAG); „‡–™‡‡‘”–‘—‡–ƒ† ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 219 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ„‘—Ǧƒ„‘—ǡ„‡–™‡‡„‹†Œƒƒ† ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳ͸ǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡ͵ͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 239 (WAG); I.R.H.O. (cocos cultivation) 20 km W of Grand Bassam; near the beach, between Port Bouet and ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳ͸ǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 350 (K,WAG,Z); Forêt du Banco. 5°24.50’N ͶιͲͶǤͲͲǯǡʹͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡKnecht 445ȋ ȌǢƒ ‘ǤͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡFrédoux 536ȋ ȌǢ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǡ’”°•†—ƒ„‘”ƒ–‘‹”‡‘–ƒ‹“—‡ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͻȋˆ”ȌǡKnecht 686ȋ ȌǢ„‘—ƒ„‘—Ǥͷιͳ͹ǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡʹƒ” ŠͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 2257 (P); Abouabou, between Abidjan and ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳ͹ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣʹǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 2344 (B,C,COI,FHO,K,UPS,WAG); ‘”–‘—‡–ͳͷͲ†‡Žƒ’Žƒ‰‡Ǥͷιͳͷǯ͵ιͷͷǯǡͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡHédin, L. 2552 (P); near Brafovédi, 75 km NW of Abidjan. 5°37’N 4°35’W. Alt: 100m, 24 April 1959 (fr), Leeuwenberg 3336 (BR,FHO,K,WAG); Abouabou. ͷιͳ͹ǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 3424ȋȌǢƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹʹƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡ Koning, J. de 3465 (BR,C,E,G,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Abouabou. 5°17’N 3°52’W, 22 November 1955 (fr), Aké Assi 3808ȋȌǢ ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͶͷǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 3953 (P); Aubouin (Lagune d’Abidjan). 5°15’N 4°11’W, 24 August 1955 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 5601 (WAG); near Grand Bassam, NW along road to Aboisso. ͷιͳ͵ǯ ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳʹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 5966 (B,C,K,S,US,WAG); Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 14 ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFarron 7025 (P); In nemore banco tuto, Abidjanii vicinioribus. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 21 February ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡBernardi, L. 8079ȋ ǡȌǢƒ‰—‡„‹†Œƒǡˆ‘”²–†ǯ‰„ƒ•ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͳǯǡͳʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 9014ȋ ȌǢ‘—•‘ǡͷ ”ƒ†ƒ•ƒǤͷιͳ͵ǯ͵ιͶͶǯǡ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRaynal, J. 13569 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ—†‘—‹ǡͳͶ„‹†ŒƒǤǡͷιͳͺǯͶιͲͻǯǡ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡRaynal, J. 13631 (BR,P,WAG); Banco. ͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 13778ȋ ȌǢ ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳʹǯ͵ιͶͶǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳ͹ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 33077ȋȌǢ‡–”‡ ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒ‡–‡–‹–ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 34249 (P); Aboisso: Botanical Reserve Nganda Nganda, 5 km south of Adiaké. 5°12’N 3°26’W. Alt: 30m, ʹʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 354 (MO,WAG); †œ‘’±ǣƒ•‘‘±Ǥ͸ιͳʹǯ͵ι͵ʹǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17570 (LY); Bounaǣ ƒŽ‘‰ ”‘ƒ† ˆ”‘ ƒ™‹ –‘ ‡›‡Ǥ ͻιͳͶǯ ͵ιͶͳǯǡ ͳʹ —Ž› ͳͻ͸͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Geerling 201 ȋǡ ȌǢ‘‘±ǡ ƒ•±ǡ’”‘š‹‹–±†—Žƒ •—”Žƒ”‹˜‡‰ƒ— Š‡Ǥͺι͵͹ǯ͵ιͷ͸ǯǡͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡGautier, L. 781ȋǡ ȌǢ‡ƒ”–Š‡ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘‘±ƒ† ”‹‰‘”‹˜‡”ǤͺιͶͻǯ͵ιͶͺǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Geerling 1966ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‡ƒ”–Š‡ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘‹˜‡”ƒ†‘‘±‹˜‡”ǤͺιͶͺǯ͵ιͶ͹ǯǡʹʹ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡGeerling 2632 (WAG); P.N. Comoé, Gansé. Ravin de Gansé, 8°40’N 3°54’W, 28 June 1990 (fr), Poilecot 3114 ȋ ȌǢ ǤǤ ‘‘± —†Ǥ ͺιͶͷǯ ͵ι͵ͷǯǡ ͷ —Ž› ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Poilecot 3142 (G); ƒƒ±: Tiapleu. 7°25’N 8°15’W, 7 March 1968 (st), Aké Assi 10000 (K); ‹„‘”‘: rivière Kan. 6°38’N 4°46’W, 3 May 1971 (fr), Audru 3951 (P); Grand-Lahouǣ ”ƒ†ƒŠ‘ǤͷιͲͺǯͷιͲͳǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 227 ȋȌǢ‘”‘—Ǥͷιͳ͵ǯͷιʹͶǯǡ’”‹ŽͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡBégué SF 3153 (P); Issia: Rock d’Issia. 6°32’N 6°40’W, 24 August 1956 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 431ȋ ȌǢ ••‹ƒǤ͸ιʹͻǯ͸ι͵ͷǯǡͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 13828 (G); Issia. 6°29’N 6°35’W, 11 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15957 (G); Boka d’Issia. 6°29’N 6°35’W, 14 February 1951 ȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 19847 (G); KorhogoǣͷͲ•‘—–Š‡ƒ•–‘ˆ‘”Š‘‰‘Ǥͻιͳ͵ǯͷιʹͷǯǡͳ͹ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVersteegh 537 (WAG); —±ǣ±•‡”˜‡†‡ƒ–‘ǤŽǯǤ†—ƒ”‹‰‘–•ƒŽ±Ǥ͸ιͳ͵ǤͲͲǯͷιͲͳǤ͵͵ǯǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Bänninger 61ȋ ǡ ȌǢƒ–‘Ǥ͸ιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡChatelain 85 (G,LAMTO); Réserve 3.7 Materials and Methods †‡ƒ–‘ǡŽǯǤ†—ƒ”‹‰‘–•ƒŽ±Ǥ͸ιͳ͵ǯͷιͲͳǯǡʹʹƒ›ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBänninger 29651 (G); Réserve de Lamto. 6°13.00’N 5°01.33’W, January 1972 (st), Spichiger 72/ 271 (CSRS,G,LAMTO); ƒǦ±†”‘: near Sékré 15 km ‘ˆ±”±„›ǤͶιͶͲǯ͸ιͶͺǯǡ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 541 (K,MO,WAG); Sassandra: Nahoua sacred waterfalls and rapids in the Sassandra River 2 km W.N.W. of Soubré. 5°47’N 6°39’W, 27 November 1961 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3321ȋǡ ȌǢ‘”–†‡ƒ••ƒ†”ƒǤͶιͷͺǯ͸ιͲͷǯǡƒ›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16336 (P); ‘—„”±ǣƒ••ƒ†”ƒǡ‘—„”±ǤͷιͶ͹ǯ͸ι͵͸ǯǡͳͺ —‡ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19105 (P); Soubré. 5°47’N ͸ι͵͸ǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 19769 (G); Tabou: E of Tabou. 4°25’N 7°20’W. Alt: 10m, 3 September ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBeentje 849 (MO,UCJ,WAG); Right bank of the Hana River, near the crossing of this river with –Š‡”‘ƒ†ƒ‹Ǧƒ„‘—Ǥͷιʹʹǯ͹ιͳͺǯǡͳʹƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3612 (B,K,WAG); embouchure du ƒ˜ƒŽŽ›Ž‹±”‘ǤͶιʹʹǯ͹ι͵ͳǯǡͳͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19917 (P); Toumodi: Oroumba Boka. ͸ιʹʹǯͶιͷͶǯǡ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 619 (WAG); Orumbo-Boka. 6°23’N 4°53’W, 15 February 1963 (fr), Portères 743ȋȌǢ‘ƒǤ͸ιʹ͵ǯͶιͷ͵ǯǡʹͲ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 4812 (P); Assakra. 6°22’N Ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ͵Ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 5777ȋ ȌǢ‘–”—„‘Ǧ‘ƒǤ͸ιʹʹǯͶιͷ͵ǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡ Schnell 6479 (K,P); Vavouaǣ ǤǤ†— ƒ—–Ǧƒ••ƒ†”ƒǡ‡–”‡ǡ”‡Ž‡˜± ʹͺǤ͹ιͲ͹ǯ͹ιͲͲǯǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡ Kouamé 1482 (CSRS,G); —±‘—ŽƒǣͳͷǤ†‡—±‘—ŽƒǤ͹ιʹͷǯ͸ιͲʹǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 6834 (G). LIBERIA, Bomi Hills: Jenne, bank of Loffa River., 6°36’N 10°53’W, January 1921 (fr), Bequaert 30 (K); Bong: 12 May 1946 (fr), Harley, W.J. 1409 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Tchien, Mim Timber Co (Fijnhout), along Cavally ”‹˜‡”Ǥ ͸ιͳ͸ǯ ͺιͳͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ͳͶ ƒ› ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Koning, J. de 477 (BR,MO,WAG); Right bank Cavally ‹˜‡”ǡ ͹   ‘ˆ ƒÃǤ ͷιͷͲǯ ͹ιʹ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳʹͲǡ ͺ ƒ” Š ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 3002 (FHO,K,WAG); Lofa: ‘ˆˆƒ ‘—–›ǡ „ƒ”‰ƒǦ‘”œ‘””‘ƒ†ǡ„ƒ‘ˆ–Ǥƒ—Ž”‹˜‡”Ǥ͹ιʹͲǯͻιʹͺǯǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 2485ȋ ǡ ȌǢ ‘ŽƒǤ͹ιʹ͹ǤͳǯͳͲιͶͳǤͷǯǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 6993 (WAG); Maryland: Cape ƒŽƒ•ǤͶιʹʹǯ͹ιͶ͵ǯǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDinklage 2372 (B); Maryland Co. 4°22’N 7°43’W, 14 June 1947 ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 5979 (K); Montserrado: Banks of farmington River. 6°20’N 10°18’W, 23 December 1943 (fr), Bequaert 6 (K); 6 miles N of Bomi Hills, along Maher river, near Bomi Hills Summer Camp. 6°56’N 10°45’W, 30 January 1971 (st), Goll 94 (MO,SL,WAG); Boporo district. 6°18’N 10°23’W, 18 December 1947 (fr), Baldwin jr 10695 (K,US); Sino: Krahn Bassa Forest. 5°45’N 8°55’W, 30 January 1964 (st), Harten 285 (WAG); Sapo ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǤͷιͳͻǤʹǯͺιͶͻǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͷǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9348 (MO,WAG). MALI, Koulikoroǣ ƒ‹ŽŽ‡ ‹„‡Ž‡› ‘Ǥ ͳʹιͳ͸ǯ ͺιͶͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸͵ͳǡ ʹͲ —‡ ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Birnbaum 1343 (BRLU,IFAN,P); Sikassoǣͳͳιͳ͵ǯͷιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡLaferrère 33 (K); Sirakoro. 11°13’N ͷιͷͷǯǡͳ͹ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLaferrère 158ȋȌǢ ‹ ‘Ž‘Ǥͳͳιͳ͸ǯͷι͵ͳǯǡʹʹ’”‹ŽͳͺͻͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 770ȋȌǢ‹ƒ••‘ǡ‰ƒŽ‡”‹‡†— ƒ”ƒ‘ǡ ‘ϐŽ—‡–‡ƒ˜ƒŽ†—’‘–±–ƒŽŽ‹“—‡Ǥͳͳιͳͷǯͷιʹ͸ǯǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡ Demange, R. 2229ȋȌǢ‡–”‡‘—‰‘—‹‡–ƒƒǤͳͳιͲͲǯͺιͳͷǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 7115 (G,Z).   , ǣ‘”–Š‡”‹‰‡”‹ƒǤ —‡ͳͻͳͳȋϐŽȌǡYates, C.C. s.n.ȋȌǢʹ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡHead, D. 30ȋȌǢǤ‹‰‡”‹ƒǤȋϐŽȌǡRosevear 30/ 97 (FHO); Abeokuta: Eggua Forest Reserve. 7°30’N 2°54’E, April 1946 (fr), Taiwo FHI 15018 (K,P); Bauchi State: near the brige 3 miles east of Jemaa. Sanga River Forest Reserve. ͳͲιͲͳǯͳͳι͵͹ǯǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJones, E.W. s.n. (FHO); Yankari Game Reserve, Barkono Pass. 9°45’N ͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡͳʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡGeerling 3537 (WAG); Benue State: N. Nigeria, Abinsi. 7°45’N 8°45’E, 1912 (fr), Dalziel s.n.ȋ ǡȌǢƒ„„ƒǡ‘–‘ƒ”‹ϐ‹™ƒ’ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ιͷͲǯ͸ιͶͲǯǡȋ•–ȌǡJohnstone, A.T. K 12 (FHO); ‡Ž–ƒ–ƒ–‡ǣ ‡Ž„ƒǡͷι͵͵ǯ͸ι͵͵ǯǡͳͺͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBarter 1642 (K); Edo State: Nikrowa. 6°16’N 5°20’E, 21 March ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRoss, R. 122 (BM); Okomu Forest Reserve, Compartiment No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 28 February 1948 ȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 9186 (BM,FHO,K); Kaduna State: Northern Nigeria, Allowa Zaria Prov. 11°40’N 7°42’E, February ͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDalziel 428ȋȌǢ —”ƒ”ƒˆƒŽŽ•ǡ‡ƒ”„—†ŒƒǤͳͲιͳͲǯͻιʹͷǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡVaillant, A. 2790 (K); ͵‹Ž‡•Ǥ‘ˆŽ† ‡ƒǯƒȋƒ”‹ƒ’”‘˜ǤȌǤͻιʹͺǯͺιʹ͵ǯǡͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡJackson, J.A.D. FHI 18103 (K); 12 ‹Ž‡•ǡƒ†—ƒǦƒ ‹›ƒǤȋƒ”‹ƒ’”‘˜‹ ‡ȌǤͳͲιʹͲǯ͹ιͶͷǯǡͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJackson, J.A.D. FHI 20523 (K); Kogi Stateǣ‘”–Š‡”‹‰‡”‹ƒǡ‹‰‡”‹˜‡”ǡ ‡ƒ–ƒǤͺιͲͶǯ͸ιͶ͸ǯǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡElliott, W.R. 221 ȋȌǢ‘–‘ƒ”‹ϐ‹Ǥ͹ιͷͲǯ͸ιͶͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡJohnstone, A.T. FHI 3272 (K,P); Kabba Province, along the motor road ˆ”‘‘œ—–‘†—‰„‘Ǥ͹ιͶͺǯ͸ιͷͷǯǡͳʹ —‡ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 36946 (FHO,K); Kabba Province, ‘–‘‡”‹ϐ‹†‹•–”ǤŽ‘‰–Š‡”‹˜‡”›‹‹‘–Š‡™ƒ›–‘†ƒŒ‡”‡„›–Š‡‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‹˜‡”ǤͺιͲͲǯ͸ιͷͲǯǡʹͶ  –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 38407 (FHO,K); Lagos Stateǣƒ‰‘•Ǥ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͺͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Moloney s.n. (K); Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, 1867 (fr), Bates, G.L. s.n. (K); W. Lagos. 6°27’N 3°24’E, August 1890 ȋϐŽȌǡRowland s.n.ȋǡȌǢƒ‰‘•Ǥ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡFoster, E.W. 22 (K,P); Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, 15 ƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡFoster, E.W. 50ȋȌǢ †‘ •Žƒ†ǡƒ‰‘•Ǥ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͻʹȋϐŽȌǡMillen 53 (K); Lagos. ͸ιʹ͹ǯ ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ ƒ› ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Foster, E.W. 87 (K,P); Federal, left of the road from College of Technology to ƒ‰‘•‹˜‡”•‹–›Ǥ͸ι͵͵ǯ͵ιʹʹǯǡʹͷ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKillick, H.J. 260 (K); Nigeria anglais: Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, 3 ’Ǥͳʹͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͵Ͳ ‡ ‡„‡”ȋϐŽȌǡHagerup 778ȋȌǢƒ‰‘•‘–Š‡ •Žƒ†Ǥ͸ιʹͲǯ͵ιʹͷǯǡͳͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDalziel 1035 (K); ƒ••ƒ”ƒ™ƒǣ —†‹ǡ͸Ͳ‹Ž‡••‘—–Š‘ˆƒˆƒ Š‘Ǥͺιͷ͵ǯͺιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͸͸ǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThornewill 45ȋȌǢƒƒǡƒ†ƒ ‹ŽŽǤͺιͶ͸ǯͺιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͳͲǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHepburn, I.D. 94 (K); ‹‰‡”–ƒ–‡: Niger ”‘˜‹ ‡ǡ ™ƒ”‹†‹•–”Ǥ‘—ǡ„› —”ƒ”ƒˆƒŽŽ•Ǥͻιͳͻǯ͹ιͲͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹͲǡͳͷ —‡ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOnochie FHI 40154 ȋ ǡȌǢ ‘”–ŠǦ‡•– •–ƒ–‡ǡ ‹ƒ †‹•–”‹ –ǡ —”ƒ”ƒ ƒŽŽ•Ǥ ͻι͵͹ǯ ͸ι͵͵ǯǡ ͳ͹ ƒ› ͳͻ͹͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Eimunjeze FHI 66386 (K); Ogun Stateǣ‹ŽŽƒǤ͸ι͵͹ǯͶιʹͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2010 (FHO); Shasha Forest Reserve, Akilla. ͹ιͲͷǯ Ͷι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Richards, P.W. 3020 (BM); Shasha Forest Reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 3 ƒ›ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, P.W. 3420ȋȌǢ‰„ƒͳȀʹ‹Ž‡•ǤǤ‘ˆ‘Ž‘‡‡Œ‹ƒ‹Ž™ƒ›•–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ͹ιʹͷǯ͵ι͵ʹǯǡ ʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡTamajong FHI 14340 (K); On line 4, near Etemi enclave village. 6°53’N 4°38’E, 3 April ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 16834ȋ ǡȌǢ‰—‹˜‡” ǤǤȋ ‘”‘†—ȌǤ͸ι͵͹ǯ͵ι͵ͳǯǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡ Ejiofor FHI 32025 (K); Omo Forest Reserve. 7°00’N 4°15’E, 14 May 1974 (fr), Adebusuyi FHI 67020 (P); Ondo Stateǣ„ƒ •Žƒ†Ǥ͸ιʹͶǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡͳ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRoss, R. 101 (BM); Owo Forest Reserve 2 miles N of ‰„ƒ–‘”‘Ǥ͹ιͲͷǯͷιʹʹǯǡͳͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͵ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 3475 (FHO); Owo Forest Reserve. 7°10’N 5°39’E, ͷƒ›ͳͻͶ͵ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 3570ȋ ȌǢ™‡ƒǤ͹ιͳʹǯͷιͳͲǯǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡGbile FHI 20578 ȋȌǢ ƒŽ‡Ǧ›‡ †‹•–”‹ –ǡ ‰„ƒŒ‡Ǥ ͹ιͲͷǯ Ͷι͵Ͳǯǡ ͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Emwiogbon FHI 43950 (FHO,K,WAG); Oyo State: Ibadan. 7°23’N 3°54’E, 3 February 1963 (fr), Head, D. 118 (K); Oba Hills near the Reserve (West State, Oyo District). 7°45’N 4°10’E, 23 December 1971 (st), Wit, P. 1071 (FHI,K,WAG); Ibuya, Upper Ogun ƒ‡ ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͺιʹͶǯ ͵ιͶ͹ǯǡ ʹ͹ —Ž› ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Geerling 3717 (MO,WAG); Ijaiye-Lanlate F.R. boundary ™Š‡”‡‹˜‡”‰—‹•Œ‘‹‡†„›–Š‡†‘‰—Ǥ͹ι͵͸ǯ͵ιʹ͹ǯǡͳƒ” ŠͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKeay FHI 21167 (K); Gurara falls (Minna). 9°05’N 7°32’E, 17 May 1973 (fr), Adebusuyi FHI 66386 (WAG); Plateau State: Jemaa, 50 miles ‘—–Š‘ˆ‘ǤͳͲιͳͲǯͻιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ʹǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMcClintock, A.A. 189 (K); Kwarra, Plateau ”‘˜‹ ‡ͳ͹ͲͲˆ‡‡–Ǥͻι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡWimbush FHI 41821 (FHO); Rivers State: Nkpokum, ‘”– ƒ” ‘—”–ǤͶιͶ͸ǯ͹ιͲͳǯǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡStubbings 134 (K); Port Harcourt (Nkpoku). 4°46’N 7°01’E, December 1957 (fr), Stubbings 167 (K); Taraba Stateǣ ƒ‰—‹Ǥ͹ιͶͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Latilo FHI 28819 (FHO,K).   ǣ ȋϐŽȌǡ Afzelius, A. s.n. ȋȌǢ ȋϐŽȌǡ Warner 11 (K); ‘”–Š‡” ”‘˜‹ ‡: Makumri. 9°02’N ͳʹιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͹ǡͳͷ —‡ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 509 (K); Southern Sula Mountains, south of Bumbuna, Rokel river near village Kabumba. 9°01.16’N 11°49.08’W. Alt: 115m, 9 March 2010 (st), Burgt, X.M. van der 1454 (FBC,K,SL,WAG); Bunduna. 9°03’N 11°44’W, 26 January 1939 (fr), Deighton 3600 (K,P); c. 2 km north of —„—ƒǤͻιͲ͸ǯͳͳιͶ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸Ͷǡʹ͹ƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡHawthorne 206a 796 (FHO); Southern Province: Njala. 8°06’N 12°05’W, 12 July 1951 (fr), Deighton 5557 (K); Njala. 8°06’N 12°05’W, 23 July 1951 (st), Deighton 5567 (K). TOGO, Centreǣ‹˜‡”‘ƒ–‡™„”‹‰†‡‘ƒ••ƒ”–‘‘—Ž‘”‘ƒ†ǤͻιͳͷǯͲιͶ͹ǯǡͶ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡLock, J.M. 84/ 68 (K). Key literature: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum glaucifolium Biss. Blumea 58: 5 (2013). – Type: J.J. de Wilde et al. 10165 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!), Gabon, Estuaire, 1 km W of Nkan, along the road from Assok to Méla, 0°40’N, 10°19’E, January 23rd, 1991. Treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caducous, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: ’‡–‹‘Ž‡͹ȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌŽ‘‰, canaliculate above; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ͳ͵ȂʹͷȋȂ͵ͲȌ š ͶȂ͹ȋȂͺȌ , ratio ͵ǤͺȂͶǤ͸, base cuneate, apex acuminate, leathery to coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate, upper surface glossy, dark green but turning glaucous when dry, lower surface pale green, young leaves reddish; venation: midrib generally prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 14–16 on either side, 10–15 mm apart, slightly prominent above, prominent below, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, tertiary venation scalariform, 3.7 Materials and Methods running perpendicular to the midrib thus causing the formation of a decreasing series of intermediate lateral veins, indistinct above, distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, pendulous, branched or unbranched, lax, its main axis (9–)15–33 cm long; peduncle slender; racemes 0–2(–3), 3–6(–10) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of peduncle; bracts caducous, triangular, c. 2–3 mm long; cymules 0.5–1(–1.5) cm apart, ͳȂͶǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel 3–12 mm, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base; sepals ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͸Ȃ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‰”‡‡Ǧ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹•Šǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͺȂͻš͵ȂͶǡ„”‹‰Š–”‡†Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ• obovate, 7–9 x 4–5 mm, shortly clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style 6–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 3 mm wide, red; drupelets 1–4 well developed per receptacle, reniform7–10 x 6–8 mm, black at maturity; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species resembles C. calanthum (Gilg) Farron, but differs by its glaucous —’’‡”Ž‡ƒˆ•—”ˆƒ ‡ȋƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–™Š‡†”›ȌǡŽ‘‰‡”’‡–‹‘Ž‡ǡƒ†’‡†—Ž‘—•‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡–Šƒ– carries 0–2(–3) racemes. Distributionǣ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒ ȋ‹‘ —‹Ȍǡ ƒ„‘ ƒ† •‘—–Š™‡•–‡” Republic of the Congo (Niari; see Map ͳͷ). ƒ’ͳͷ: Distribution of Campylospermum glaucifolium Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on creek banks and along swampy areas; at 50–1000 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ǡ ’”‹Žǡ —Ž› ƒ† —‰—•–Ǣ ˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ˆ”‘ March to May and in August. IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͹ʹǡ͸ͺ͵2ǡαʹ͵ǡͳͷ͹2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͻȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͸ͷ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡•ǡ ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š „‡‹‰ •—„Ǧ‡†‡‹  –‘ ƒ„‘ǡ Šƒ• ƒ ˆƒ‹”Ž› ™‹†‡ 3 ’Ǥͳ͵ͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods distribution and hence its EOO and AOO are comparatively large, and above the IUCN thresholds. Therefore, the category of ‘Least Concern’ seems most appropriate here. Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥͳ͵ʹ , South Provinceǣ”‹„‹ǡ„‘”†•†—‹‡±ǡ†‡””‹°”‡Žƒ‹••‹‘ ƒ–Š‘Ž‹“—‡Ǥʹιͷ͸ǯͻιͷͶǯǡʹ͸’”‹Ž 1970 (st), Farron 7156 (P).   ȋ Ȍ, ‹ƒ”‹: route Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°29.64’S 12°09.61’E. Alt: 480m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1326 (LBV,WAG).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Mundung ‘Les 4 montagnes’. 1°38’N 10°11’E. Alt: 1000m, 8 January 2003 (fr), Desmet, G. 242 ȋȌǢ ƒ”  ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ †‡ ‘–‡ Ž‡Ǥ ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳ͹ǯǡ ͵Ͳ —Ž› ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡ Ngomo 418ȋȌǢ‡–”‘—”ǣƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž±ǣ•ƒƒŽƒ‰ǡ ƒ‹‘Šƒ ‹ƒ‘†—‰Ǥͳι͵͵ǯ 10°12’E, 13 May 1999 (fr), Pérez Viso 1139 (MA); Monts de Cristal. 10 km ENE d’Okuamkos. 1°10’N 10°16’E, ͳʹ —‰—•– ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilks 1796 (LBV,WAG); Parc National de Monte Alen, 11 km à l’Est de la cabaña de Mosumo., 1°36.4’N 10°08.5’E, 12 July 2003 (st), Senterre 4122 (BRLU). , Estuaire: Crystal Mountains, 1 km W of Nkan, along the road Assok-Méla. 0°40’N 10°19’E. Alt: ͹ͷͲǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 10165 (WAG); Crystal Mountains, 25 km on the road Tchimbél鋐‰—±Ž±Ǥ Ͳι͵ͳǯ ͳͲιͳͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵͸Ͳǡ ʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10257 (LBV,WAG); Moyen‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, forest area south of camp. 0°45.98’S 10°32.62’E. Alt: 62m, 7 May 2012 (fr), Bidault 489 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive nord de la rivière Ngounié. ͲιͶͷǤͻͷǯ ͳͲι͵ʹǤͷͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷͻǡ ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”› ʹͲͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bidault 1047 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: route Malinga-Rebé. 2°23.07’S 12°03.35’E. Alt: 489m, 14 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1343 (LBV,WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route exploitation forestière EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.26’S 10°42.47’E. Alt: 49m, 22 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1436 (LBV,WAG); route chantier Leroy Massika entre Mouila et Yeno. 1°40’S 11°15’E. Alt: 600m, 27 April 1989 (fr), Louis, A.M. 3058 (LBV,WAG); upper Waka area, 13 km on IFL forestry road B2. 1°20.5’S 10°52.2’E. Alt: 180m, 31 March 2004 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 5192 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 51 km on the road Mouila to Yeno. 1°43.16’S 11°20.40’E. Alt: 595m, 6 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7103 (WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Ivindo: Chantier Koumameyong. Côté rivière-Marécage à raphia. 0°31’N 11°55’E, March 1987 (fr), Dibata 117ȋǡ ȌǢ‘”†Ǧ•–†—’ƒ” †‡Žƒ‘’±ǡʹͷ†— ƒ””‡ˆ‘—”“—‹°‡Žǯƒ ‹‡‘‘—±ƒ ǤͲιͳͳǤͶʹǯ 11°50.05’E. Alt: 251m, 6 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1056 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: old logging road Ž‡ƒ†‹‰•‘—–Š™ƒ”†ˆ”‘ Šƒ–‹‡” ‡‹ǤʹιͲ͹Ǥ͹͸ǯͳͲιʹͶǤͻͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͳͲǡʹʹ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡValkenburg 3162 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Crystal mountains, 5½ km NNE of Tchimbélé. 0°40’N 10°25’E. Alt: ͷͶͲǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 500 (BR,C,LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, piste après la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 961 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). Campylospermum glaucum (Tiegh.) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳͷ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Exomicrum glaucum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker 1647 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!, K(2x)!, P!, S!,WAG!, Z!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898. Exomicrum membranaceum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker 1030 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898. Monelasmum brachybotrys (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea brachybotrys Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 270 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here): Zenker 2180a (holotype: K!; isotype: E!, G!, LY!), Cameroon, Bipinde. Ouratea bella ‹Ž‰‹‰ŽǤƬ”ƒ–Žǡƒ–ǤϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ‡†Ǥʹͳǣ͹͵ȋͳͻʹͷȌǤǡ‘Ǥ—†Ǥ Treelet up to 8 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, ͵ȂͶ  Ž‘‰. Leaf: petiole 5–7(–10) mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-obovate to narrowly elliptic, ȋ͹ȂȌͳͳȂʹͲȋȂʹ͵Ȍ š ȋʹǤͷȂȌͶȂͷȋȂ͹Ȍ cm, ratio 3.7 Materials and Methods ʹȂ͵Ǥͺ, base cuneate or sometimes rounded, apex acute to acuminate or sometimes tapering, papyraceous, not bullate, margin serrulate to subentire, glaucous on the upper surfaceǢ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ƒŽ‘•–ϐŽƒ––‘’”‘‹‡– above, prominent beneath, main lateral veins (7–)10–18 on either side, ͹ȂʹͲȋ–25) mm apart, ϐŽƒ– –‘ •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› prominent on both sides, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 2–3 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, erect to erecto-patent, branched, dense, its main axis ȋͳȂȌʹȂͶȋȂ͸Ȍ  long; pairwise scales few, persistent at the base of the peduncle; bracts persistent, sometimes leaving a conspicuous scar, triangular, 1–2 mm long; ”ƒ ‡‡• ͳȂ͵, (1–)2–3 cm long; cymules ʹȂͷ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂ͸ȋȂͺȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: pedicel ͸ȂͳͲȋȂͳʹȌŽ‘‰, articulated at 2–4 mm from the base; sepals ovate, 5–7 šͳǤͷȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͻȂͳͲš͵Ȃͷ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ‰”‡‡‹•ŠǦ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ”‡†‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ petals ‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ͸Ȃ͹š͵ȂͶ, base cuneate to truncate, apex emarginate; stamens: anthers 3.5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style persistent in fruit, 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵šͷ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ”‡†Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘ʹ™‡ŽŽ developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to slightly reniform, 7–10 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. glaucum is characterized by its glaucous upper leaf surface. This is reminescent of those sometimes encountered in C. glaucifolium which is, however, easily distinguished „›‹–•Ž‘‰ǡŽƒšƒ†’‡†ƒ–‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ The name Ouratea brachybotrys was published with several syntypes. Zenker 2180a has been designated as lectotype because it represents fruiting material and duplicates are distributed in 4 herbaria. Distributionǣ‹‰‡”‹ƒǡƒ‡”‘‘ǡ•‘—–Š‡”‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ Gabon and Republic of the Congo (Map ͳ͸). Ecology: in primary, secondary forest, understorey of open forest, swampy and periodically inundated forest, riparian forest and forest edges near rivers; at 40-1100 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹—‰—•–ǡ‡’–‡„‡”ǡ‘˜‡„‡” and from January to May. Vernacular name: Gabon: Avom. IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͵͸ͶǡͻͲͲ2ǡαͳͺͺǡͺͺͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͷͶȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαͺ͹ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‘–—†‡”–Š”‡ƒ–„‡ ƒ—•‡‘•–‘ˆ‹–•Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•ƒ”‡ˆ‘—† inside National Parks such as Moukalaba-Doudou, Loango, Lope, Ivindo and Minkebe, ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ„‘ǡ‘–‡Ž‡‹“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡƒ†œƒ‰ƒǦƒ‰Šƒ‹–Š‡‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒ ‡’—„Ž‹ Ǥ –‹•ˆƒ‹”Ž›ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†•—‰‰‡•–‹‰‹–‹•‘–”ƒ”‡ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ–Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”› of Least Concern has been assigned. 3 ’Ǥͳ͵͵ 3 ’Ǥͳ͵Ͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods  B A C E ‹‰—”‡ͳͷǤ Campylospermum glaucum. A. Flowering branch. B. Flower bud. C. Style. . Receptacle with stamens. E. Stamens. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳ͸. Distribution of Campylospermum glaucum 3.7 Materials and Methods Specimens examined: , Central Provinceǣ‡ˆ‘—”‘’‘•‡†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”Ǥ͵ι͵͹Ǥ͹ǯͳͳι͵ͶǤ͸ǯǡͳͲƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Nana, F. 62ȋǡ ȌǢ†ƒƒͳ–‘†ƒƒʹǤ͵ι͵͹ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 183ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢ‡ƒ”†ƒƒʹǤ͵ι͵͹ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 198 ȋǡǡǡ ǡȌǢ‡ƒ”†ƒƒʹǤ͵ι͵͹ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 199 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ†ƒƒͳ–‘†ƒƒʹǤ͵ι͵͹ǯͳͳι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͺͲǡʹͷƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 255 (K,WAG,YA); Ndahgan 1, Mefou National park, West of big chimpanze enclosing. 3°37’N 11°35’E. Alt: 700m, 29 ƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡTadjouteu 612 (K,SCA,WAG,YA); colline Nkolfee dans le massif Mbaminkom. 3°59’N 11°24’E. Ž–ǣ ͳͲ͹Ͳǡ ͳͶ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dang 664 (P); 33 km N. of Eséka, near the road Yaoundé-Douala. 3°51’N 10°35’E, 22 December 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1616 (WAG); 8 km SW of Makak. Reserve forestière des Eaux et Forêts. 3°30’N 11°05’E. Alt: 650m, 27 March 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2233 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); ”ƒ‹Ž ‹–‘ ‡ˆ‘ Ǥ ͵ι͵͹ǯ ͳͳι͵Ͷǯǡ ʹͶ ƒ” Š ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Onana 2821 (K,WAG); along a footpath heading ™‡•–ˆ”‘‘ƒ„‘  Ǥ͵ιͶʹǤ͹ʹǯͳͳιͳͶǤͺͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͺͷǡʹͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 5800 (WAG,YA); Ototomo Reserve 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7267 (P); Ototomo Reserve 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7345 (P); ”‘ƒ†–‘†ƒ‰ƒͳǤ͵ι͵͹Ǥͷǯͳͳι͵ͶǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͳͲǡͻƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡCheek 11551 (K WAG,YA); Ndangan I to Ndangan II. 3°37.2’N 11°35.1’E. Alt: 710m, 10 March 2004 (fr), Cheek 11652 (K,MO,SCA,WAG,YA); Eastern part of park, West of Ndangan I. 3°38’N 11°35’E. Alt: 710m, 18 March 2004 (fr), Cheek 11829 (K,WAG,YA); Littoral: 50 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river. 3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 21 November 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1261 (MO,WAG); 50 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river. 3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 22 November 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1284 (MO,WAG); 40 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. 3°51’N 10°32’E, 12 December 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1421 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ƒ••ƒ“—‹ ’”°•†‡‘–„‡ƒǡʹͲ†‡‰ƒ„‡ȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ†‹‹‡‹ȌǤͶιʹͲǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 11056 (K,P); South Province: Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr), Zenker s.n. (FHO); Bipindi. 3°05’N ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr), Zenker s.n.ȋ ȌǢ‹’‹†‹ǡ‹ϐ‹ƒǤǡ ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker 4 (B,C,HUH,WAG); 10km south of Mekalat. Between Mekalat and Lolodorf. Wijma concession: Chantier 1222, Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E. Alt: 400m, 20 March 1996 (fr), Mutsaers 7 (WAG); 5 km ‘ˆ‘Š‘—†Œ‡Ǣ„‹‹„ƒ‰Ǥ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͲιʹͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGemerden 18 (WAG); ‹ϐ‹ƒǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻͳ͵ȋ•–ȌǡZenker 263ȋǡȌǢ‹ϐ‹ƒǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 263ȋǡ ȌǢ‹ϐ‹ƒǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 264 (B,HUH,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1896 (fr), Zenker 1030 (BM,E,G); route Kribi-Bipindi, environ 2 km avant Bipindi. 3°04.38’N 10°22.94’E. Alt: 79m, 30 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1248 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N 10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1255 (LBV,WAG,YA); ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›͵‘ˆ‹’‹†‹Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡManning, S.D. 1396 (MO,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1898 (fr), Zenker 1647 (BM,E,G,K,S,W,Z); 15 km South of Ebolowa. 2°50’N 11°10’E, 29 February 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2008 (BR,P,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr), Zenker 2180 (E,G,K,LY); Campo-Ma’an area, Nyabizan, Forest around the Bongola river. 2°24.4’N 10°23.5’E. Ž–ǣͶͲͲǡ͵Ͳƒ” ŠʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2677ȋ  ǡ ǡȌǢ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡZenker 2830 (BM,G,K,S,W,WAG,Z); Campo-Ma’an area, Bibambivoto, 500m along transect T4 in the Campo area. ʹιͳͶǤͶǯͳͲιͲͷǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹͳ—‰—•–ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2965 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 3733 ȋǡǡǡ ǡǡȌǢ ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 4349 (BM,COI,E,K,LY,S,W,Z); Station du Cacaoyer de N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam. Along the Seng river. 2°49’N 11°08’E, 28 August 1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7437 (BR,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); Station du Cacaoyer de N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam. 2°49’N 11°08’E, 16 October 1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7648 (MO,WAG,YA); Nloubessa Boulou, 60 km ESE d’Ebolowa sur route de Mvangan. ˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡  ͳȀʹͲͲ ͲͲͲǤ ʹιͶ͹ǯ ͳͳιͶͲǯǡ ʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 9892 (BR,K); Ma’an forest between ‡›‘•–‡ƒ†•‡‰‘—ǤʹιͳͲǤͻǯͳͲι͵ͶǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͶͲǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou NSEX 270 (WAG); Mvini, forest in the Campo area along transect T6. 2°16.2’N 10°11.0’E. Alt: 200m, 14 September ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou T6X 31 (WAG); South-West Province: Rumpi Hills near Dikome Balue. 4°54.05’N ͻιͳ͸ǤʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͲͳǡʹͳ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDessein 2683 (BR,WAG,YA).   ȋ Ȍ, ‹ƒ”‹: Massif du Chaillu, Nord E. de Divenié, 4 km de Moukoudi sur la route de ‘—ƒŽƒǤʹιʹͻǯͳͳιͷ͹ǯǡͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡSita 3936 (P); Sanghaǣ’”‘’‡‡••‘Œ—š–ƒϐŽ—‡ƒ‰ƒǤͳι͵͹ǯͳ͸ιͲ͵ǯǡ —‰—•–ͳͺͻͻȋϐŽȌǡSchlechter, F.R.R. 12719 (BM,K,LY).    , Rio Muniǣ ‡•–Ǧˆ”‹ƒǣ ’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǤ ʹʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 804 ȋȌǢ ‡•–Ǧˆ”‹ƒǣ ’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǤ ʹʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 828 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Centro 3 ’Ǥͳ͵ͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͵͸ —”Ǥƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ †‡‘–‡Ž±ǣ•ƒƒŽƒ‰Ǥ ͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳʹǯǡ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPérez Viso 526 (MA); Rio Muni, Litoralǣ”±‰‹‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ”±•‡”˜‡†‡†‘–‡Ǥͳιͳ͹ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡEneme Efua 155 ȋȌǢ ‡‰‹‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽǡ ƒ”± ƒ‰‡ ƒ—†Œ°Ǥ ͳιʹ͹ǯ ͻι͵ʹǯǡ ʹͻ —Ž› ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Eneme Efua 460 ȋǡ ȌǢ ‡•–Ǧˆ”‹ƒǣ ’ƒ‹• ŠǦ —‹‡ƒǣ ‡„ƒ‹ ƒ’Ǥ ʹιͳͻǯ ͻιͶͺǯǡ ͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tessmann 529 (K); ‹‘ —‹ǡ ‡Ž‡ œƒ•: West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea:Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 15 February ͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡTessmann 201ȋȌǢ”±‰‹‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ„ƒ‹ ‘ȋƒ”“—‡Ǥ†‡•‘”ȌǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͳιͲͳǯǡʹʹ—‰—•– ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNguema Miyono 282 (BRLU); West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea: Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 25 ƒ” ŠͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡTessmann 302 (K); West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea:Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 29 March ͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡTessmann 319 (K). , Estuaireǣ‹ŽŽƒ‰‘‡ǤͲιͲͳǯͻιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͸ǡʹͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡThomson, A.P. 7 (K); Ekouk, piste du Lac de Nguen. 0°08’S 10°23’E, 29 September 1983 (fr), Floret 1556 (LBV,MA,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Mabounié. 0°47.47’S 10°29.88’E, 5 November 2012 (fr), Boupoya-Mapikou 839 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); Mabounié, between the entry of mine concession and the Ngounié. 0°50.05’S 10°27.78’E. Alt: 63m, 10 May ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStévart, TOBEB 4498 (LBV,MO); ‰‘—‹±: concession CBG, ± 20 km à l’ouest de Mandji. 1°43.8’S ͳͲιͳͳǤͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͻǡ ͵ͳ —Ž› ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 1128 (BRLU,LBV,MO); concession CBG, ± 20km à l’Ouest de ƒ†Œ‹ǤͳιͶͺǤͻǯͳͲιͳͳǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͳǡ͵—‰—•–ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDauby 1213 (BRLU,LBV,MO); along stream Ngounie. Ͳι͵ͻǤ͵͹ǯͳͲιʹʹǤͻ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹʹǡͳ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡSonké 6076 (MO); Dikaki Chantier. Bindolo R. basin, NW of Fougamou. 1°15’S 10°29’E. Alt: 300m, 20 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14007 (BR,BRLU,E,G,HUJ,K,M,MA, MO,NY,P,TI,US,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘ǣ‘’±‡•‡”˜‡ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡWilliamson, E.A. 201 (K); 17km †‡‘‰ƒŽ‡ǤͲιͳͲǯͳʹιͲ͵ǯǡͳͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡWilks 1121 (K,LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: 6 km along the road Mekouyi (12 km S.W. of Lastoursville) towards Koulamoutou. 0°55’S 12°38’E. Alt: 300m, 25 September 1978 (fr), Breteler; Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 806 (WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Žǯ ˜‹†‘ǤͲιͳͶǤͲǯͳʹιͶ͵Ǥ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͹ͺǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2414 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 4 km SW of Lastoursville, right side Ogooué R., 0°50’S 12°41’E, 24 September 1970 (fr), Breteler 6615 (P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡ǣ‘–•‘—†‘—Ǥʹι͵ͳǤ͵ǯͳͲι͵͵ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBourobou 293 (K,LBV,WAG); Koumouloundou, chantier forestier Mittner. 2°00’S 9°35’E, 6 June 1970 (st), Farron 7375 (P); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: 10 km Lalara-Makokou, than 31 km along an exploitation road following the Okano River —’•–”‡ƒǤͲι͵Ͳǯͳͳι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹͲǡͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler; Wilde 498 (C,MA,WAG); 40 km NE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°03.4’N 11°47.4’E. Alt: 550m, 8 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 794 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 60 km NE of Mitzic. 1°22.1’N 11°47.1’E. Alt: 650m, ͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSosef 1977 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); ǣƒ” ŠͳͻʹͲȋϐŽȌǡAllouette s.n. (L). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). Campylospermum glomeratum (Tiegh.) Biss. Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thollon 140 (holotype: P!; isotype: A!, FHO! K!), Gabon, Haut Ogooué, février 1895. Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. angustifolia Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 81 (1893). – Monelasmum angustifolium (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (Dec. 1902). –Ouratea angustifolia (Engl.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 269 (1904). – Type: Soyaux 159 (holotype: B†; isotype: K!), Gabon, Munda, Sibange Farm, September 19th, 1880. Ouratea dusenii Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 260 (1904). – Campylospermum dusenii (Engl. & Gilg.) Biss. & Sosef, Blumea 53(3): 631 (2008). – Type: Dusén 289 (B†), Cameroon. Exomicrum conrauanum (Engl. & Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea conrauana Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 260 (1904). – Type: Conrau 37 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!), bei Tinto, Nördliches Cameroon, 1898. Ouratea gilgiana H.Winkl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 282 (1908). – Type: Winkler 890 not 3.7 Materials and Methods located. Neotype (designated here): Versuchsanstalt Kamerun 493 (holotype: B! isotype: FHO!), Cameroon, Botanischen Garten Victoria. Treelet 6 m tall, with branched trunk; branches upright; twigs with pale brownwhitish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 1–2 mm long. Leaf: petiole 4–6 mm long; leaf blade narrowly to very narrowly elliptic, ȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͳͲȋȂͳͶȌšȋͲǤͺȂȌͳȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ , ratio 4–6, base cuneate, apex acute, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, not bullate, glossy on both sides, dark green above, paler green beneath, margin distantly and shallowly serrulate; venation: midrib strongly prominent on upper side, prominent on the lower; main lateral veins ͶȂ͹‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͷȂͳ͵ƒ’ƒ”–, more prominent below than above, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳȂʹ between each pair of main lateral ones, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, indistinct on the upper side, distinct on lower side. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, erect, branched, fairly dense; its main axis (2–)4– 9(–13) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, triangular, small; racemes 2–3, ascendant, 3–6(–9) cm long; cymules 2–13 mm apart, ™‹–Š ʹȂ͵ persistent, narrowly triangular bracts at their base,ͳȂͶǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel (8–)10–11(–13) mm long, articulated at 2–3(–4) mm from the base; sepals ovate, 8–9 x ͵ȂͶ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͺȂͳͲš͵ȂͶ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ‰”‡‡‹•ŠǦ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ”‡†‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ• obovate, 11–13(–15) x 7–11 mm, base narrowly cuneate, apex slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 4–8 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle ͳȂʹ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͶȂ͸ǡ”‡††‹•ŠǢ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘ʹ™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡” receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–4 x 3–4 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: The name Ouratea dusenii Engl. & Gilg, published in 1903, has been used most often in literature as the correct name for this species. Its type specimen Dusen 289 is probably lost in Berlin. However, the name Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh (with type specimen Thollon 140Ȍ‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”–Š‹••’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ –’‡”ˆ‡ –Ž›ϐ‹–•–Š‡†‡• ”‹’–‹‘ of the former, as well as its ecological environment. After studying the type, Thollon 140, it is clear the name refers to the same taxon. Since it was published in 1902, one year before Ouratea dusenii, Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh. is the legitimate name to be used which necessitated the new combination C. glomeratum (Tiegh.) Biss. The name Ouratea gilgiana was published with Winkler 890 as the type specimen. It could not be located and was probably destroyed during the World War II in Berlin. Therefore, a cultivated plant from the Victoria Botanical Garden (Cameroon) numbered 493 is designate here as neotype. The duplicates are in B and FHO and the material carries fruits. This species is close to C. paucinervatum by having relatively small, narrowly elliptic leaves. It differs, however, by having more bracts at the base of the cymules, its long and ascendant racemes and of course by having more lateral veins. 3 ’Ǥͳ͵͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 Distributionǣƒ‡”‘‘ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒƒ† ƒ„‘ȋMap ͳ͹). Ecology: in seasonally inundated gallery forest along rivers, on rocky river banks, in river beds; on rock white sandy soil; at 10-600 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ƒŽŽ ›‡ƒ” ”‘—†Ǣ ˆ”—‹–‹‰ ƒŽŽ ›‡ƒ”ǡ ‡š ‡’– ‹ ‡’–‡„‡” ƒ† November. IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ αͳͳ͸ǡͶͳʹ 2ǡ αͷͲǡ͹ͺͻ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šα͸ͺȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‘ —”•ƒ‹Ž›ƒŽ‘‰”‹˜‡”•ƒ†‹”‘ ›”‹˜‡”„ƒ•ǡ habitats which are generally not suitable for human activities. Moreover, it is collected within National Parks such as Lopé in Gabon and Campo-Ma’an and Korup in Cameroon. It is fairly well represented in herbaria, suggesting it is not rare. Thus, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate despite its rather limited area of distribution. ’Ǥͳ͵ͺ ƒ’ͳ͹: Distribution of Campylospermum glomeratum Specimens examined: , ǣȋϐŽȌǡVersuchsanstalt Kamerun 493 (B,FHO); Littoral: bordure de la Sanaga en amont ȋ”‹˜‡‰ƒ— Š‡Ȍ†—’‘–†‹–†‡‹‘–ȋ”‘—–‡‘—ƒŽƒǦƒϐ‹ƒȌǡ͹Ͳ†‡ƒϐ‹ƒǤͶιͳͳǯͳͳιͲʹǯǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡ fr), Letouzey 9794 (BR,K); près de Toumbassala, Nkam sur route Bafang. Yabassi à 18 km au SSW de Nkondjok ȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ†‹‹‹±‹ȌǤͶιʹͺǯͻιͷͺǯǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 11127 (K,P); South Province: ƒ’‘Ǧƒǯƒ ƒ”‡ƒǡ ‹„ƒ„‹˜‘–‘Ǥ ʹιͳ͹Ǥʹǯ ͻιͷ͹ǤͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲǡ ͳͲ ƒ” Š ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou 2647 ȋ  ǡǡ ǡȌǢ ƒ’‘Ǧƒǯƒ ƒ”‡ƒǡ ‹„ƒ„‹˜‘–‘Ǥ ʹιͳͷǤ͸ǯ ͳͲιͲ͸ǤͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹ͵ —‰—•– ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou 3006 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Memve’ele water falls. 2°24.0’N 10°21.8’E. Alt: ͵͸Ͳǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3360 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); 26 km along a track from Ipono –‘‹’‹ƒ”‹•Žƒ†ǡ„ƒ‘ˆ‘”–Š‡”–‡ƒˆϐŽ—‡–ȋα‘—‰‘Žƒ”‹˜‡”ȌǤʹιͳ͹ǯͻιͷ͹ǯǡʹ͸ —‡ͳͻ͹ͷȋ•–ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8326 (BR,MO,P,WAG); Canon du Ntem a Oveng, pres Nyabessan (60 km Est de Campo). feuille IGN ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲ”‹„‹ǤʹιʹͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͻ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 10318 (BR,K); Campo Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto. ʹιͳ͹ǤͲǯͻιͷ͹ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡͳ͸—‰—•–ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BONGOX 7 (WAG); South-West Province: „‡‹†‡”ƒ—Ž™‡ŽŽ•–ƒ–‹‘„‡‹‹–‘ƒ ‹ϐŽ—••‡Ǥͷι͵ʹǯͻι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡͳͺͻͺȋ•–ȌǡConrau 37 (E,P); Korup ‡•‡”˜‡ǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 333 (K); Buea-Douala. Bank of Mana (Ndian) ‹˜‡”ǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͺ —‡ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, D.W. 2157 (K,MO,WAG); Ndian river, Komp National 3.7 Materials and Methods ’ƒ”ǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͷǯǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡLawton, R.M. 2631 (FHO); by Ndian waterfall, Bulu docks. 4°56’N ͺιͷͳǯǡͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 4266ȋǡȌǢ†‹ƒǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǡʹͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTuley 5005ȋȌǢ”Ǥƒ‡”‘‘•ǣ†‹ƒǡ—„ƒǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSmith, J. cam79/ 36 (FHO,K).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen, région continental. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 26 June 1997 ȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 208ȋȌǢ”±‰‹‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡Ǥƒ” ƒ–Ǥ‘–‡Ž‡ǡ‘•—‘ǡ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡‹‘ƒƒƒ˜‡ ‹‘ „‹‹Ǥ ͳι͵͸ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Obama 698 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Bata-Senye: Estrada • ͶͲǤ Š‡‰ƒ†ƒ ƒ ‡›‡ •‘„”‡ ‡Ž ‹‘ ‡‹–‘Ǥ ͳι͵͹ǯ ͻιͶͻǯǡ ʹͺ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Carvalho, M.F. de 4913 (MA,WAG); près du village Sendje, Rio Uele. 1°34’N 9°50’E, 1 September 1997 (st), Lisowski 590 (BRLU); près †—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‡†Œ‡ǡ‹‘‡Ž‡Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 1254 (BRLU). , ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣ ‰‘—± ϐŽ‡—˜‡Ǥ ‘‰‘ ˆ”ƒ ƒ‹•Ǥ Ͳιͳͳǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Thollon 140 ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ ‘ › ”‹˜‡”„ƒ ƒ† •‡ƒ•‘ƒŽŽ› ϐŽ‘‘†‡† „‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‘ ”‹˜‡” ‡ƒ” ‹–• ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‰‘‘—‡ƒ–Ž‡„±ǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͲιͶ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲǡʹʹ —Ž›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 6597 (MO,WAG); Banks of Ogooue ”‹˜‡” ƒ– —˜‹ŽŽ‡ „‡–™‡‡ Ž‡„‡ ƒ† ›‡ ȋͳȀʹ ™ƒ›ȌǤ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͳιͳ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ʹ͵ —Ž› ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Thomas, D.W. 6624 (B,K,MO,S,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: Ogooué River, Booué. 0°06’S 11°56’E, 30 July 1966 (st), Hallé; Le Thomas 247ȋȌǢ‘’±Š‘–‡ŽǤͲιͲ͸ǤͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͻǡͶƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1008 ȋǡ ȌǢ‘’±Š‘–‡ŽǤͲιͲͷǤͻǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͶƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1012 (LBV,WAG); Lopé, en †‡••‘—•†—’‘–•—”Žǯ‰‘‘—±ǤͲιͲ͸ǤʹͻǯͳͳιʹͶǤͻ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡͻƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1087 (LBV,WAG); ‘’±ǡ‡†‡••‘—•†—’‘–•—”Žǯ‰‘‘—±ǤͲιͲ͸ǤʹͻǯͳͳιʹͶǤͻ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡͻƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1090 ȋǡ ȌǢ‘’‡‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ‰‘‘—‡ ‘–‡ŽǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWhite, L.J.T. 1093 ȋǡǡ ǡ ȌǢ‘—±ǡ†±’ƒ”–†‡Žƒ’‹•–‡†‡‡–‹–ƒ‘ǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͳιͷ͸ǯǡ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡFloret 1716 ȋǡǡ ȌǢƒ‘’‡ǡ‘”–‡•†ǯƒ†ƒǢ”‘ ›‹•Žƒ†‹–Š‡‰‘‘—‡‹˜‡”ǤͲιͲ͹ǯͳͳι͵ͻǯǡͳͶ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽǡ fr), Wilks 2744 (MO,WAG); near Lopé Hotel. Bank of Ogooué River. 0°05.3’S 11°36.1’E. Alt: 120m, 17 February ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11965 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou & Sosef (2008), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), White & Abernethy (1997). Campylospermum klainei (Tiegh.) Farron Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 398 (1965). – Diphyllopodium klainei Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 376 (June 1902). – Type: Klaine 157 (holotype: P!), Gabon, environs de Libreville, 1896. Treelet up to 6 m tall, monocaulous bark whitish. Stipules caducous, triangular, up to 15 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade ƒ””‘™Ž›•’ƒ–Š—Žƒ–‡ǡȋ͵Ͳ– )ͶͶȂ͹ͲȋȂͻͲȌšͳͲȂʹͲ , ratio ͵ǤͶȂͶǤ͹, base cordate, apex acuminate, papery, not bullate, margin serrulate in the distal half, indistinctly so in the basal half, upper side dull dark green, lower side glossy bright green; venation: midrib slightly prominent on the upper side, strongly prominent on the lower, ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ȋʹʹȂȌʹ͸Ȃ͵Ͷ on either side, ͹–͵Ͳƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on the upper side, prominent to slightly prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib, straight and only towards the margin slightly curved up, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the main lateral veins, joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ –‡”‹ƒŽ ‘ ƒ ͵ȂͶ  long lateral twig (and thus appearing to be axillary), unbranched, dense, its main ƒš‹•ͳͷȂʹͲ Ž‘‰Ǣ’‡†— Ž‡ƒ‰—Žƒ”–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡbearing two subopposite, slightly reduced leaves or small leafy bracts at its base, leafy bracts ovate and 3–4 x 1–1.5 cm; pairwise scales absent; cymules ʹȂͷƒ’ƒ”–ǡͶȂͳͲǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡ŽͳͲȂͳͷŽ‘‰ǡƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ʹȂ͵ˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡” 3 ’Ǥͳ͵ͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 7–9 x 4–5 mm, apex obtuse, green, in fruit 16–18 x 5–6 mm, red, coriaceous, curved over the drupelets; petals obovate, 13–15 x 4–5 mm, base shortly clawed, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm high; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle ϐŽƒ–ǡ‡Žƒ”‰‡†–‘ͶȂͷ™‹†‡Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘ʹ™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡””‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ǡellipsoid, ͳͲ–11šͷ–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size. 3 ’ǤͳͶͲ Notes: This species resembles C. mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. morphologically. It differs „› Šƒ˜‹‰ ’ƒ’‡”› Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ „‘” ‘ ƒ •Š‘”– Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ –™‹‰Ǥ Furthermore, their distributions do not overlap; while C. mannii occurs in Cameroon and south-eastern Nigeria, C. klainei is a narrow endemic from north-western Gabon. Distribution: only known from north-western Gabon, from the Crystal Mountains (Kinguélé) to the Mondah area (Map ͳͺ). Ecology: in primary forest on hill slopes, on rocky or iron-rich soil; at up to 80 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰‹—‰—•–ƒ†‡’–‡„‡”Ǥ IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋ‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤαͳǡͲ͹ʹ2ǡαͶ͵͸2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͶ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳͲȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‘ —”•™‹–Š‹–Š‡‘†ƒŠ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡‹ ƒ„‘ǡ but being close to the capital, this reserve and the zone around it is becoming very fragmented by human activities leading to a decline of suitable habitat for this species. Therefore, the category of Critically Endangered has been assigned. ƒ’ͳͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum klaineiȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum laeve ( ) Specimens examined: , Estuaire: Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, 1896 (fr), Klaine 157 (P); Cap Estérias. 0°37’N 9°20’E, 4 August 1959 (st), Hallé, N. 810 (P); Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, 1898 (st), Klaine 1328 (P); ‘ˆ‹‰—±Ž±ǤͲιʹͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲǡͳ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 12847 (BR,MO,WAG); Ikoy. 0°24’N 9°34’E, November 1957 (st), Gauchotte SRFG 1906 (P). Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Sosef et al. (2006), Tieghem (1902). 3.7 Materials and Methods Campylospermum laeve (De Wild. & T.Durand) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳ͸ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 399 (1965). – Ouratea laevis De Wild. & T.Durand, Bull. ‘ Ǥ‘›Ǥ‘–Ǥ‡Ž‰‹“—‡͵ͺȋʹȌǣ͵ͶȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂMonelasmum laeve (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type: Cabra 58 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tshela, 1897. Monelasmum lecomtei Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Lecomte s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: P!), Congo, forêt de Moabi, sur le sentier de Brazzaville, January 1894. Ouratea buchneri Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 270 (1904). – Monelasmum buchneri (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (1903). – Type: Buchner 541 (B, probably destroyed). Neotype (designate here). Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 684 (holotype: LISC!), Angola, Cabinda, Maiombe, Buco Zau, June 14th, 1960. Ouratea lundensis Cavaco, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. sér. 2, 26: 641 (1954). – Ouratea sp., Consp. Fl. Angolensis: 297 (1951). – Type: Gossweiler 13570 (holotype: COI!; isotype: B!, BM!, K! US!), Angola, Nordeste da Lunda, Dundo, 10th, September 1946. syn. nov. Tree up to 15 m tall, with brached stem; bole up to 16 cm in diameter; twigs with whitishbrownish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular to narrowly triangular, 6–9 mm long. Leaf: petiole ȋ͸ȂȌͳͲȂʹͲȋȂʹͷȌ  Ž‘‰, stout; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-oblong (6–)14–29(–36) x (2.5–)4–8(–10) cm, ratio (2.0–)2.5– 6.0(–8.5), base attenuate to narrowly cuneate or occasionally broadly cuneate, apex acuminate, often abruptly so, or rarely blunt, coriaceous, slightly glossy above, margin distinctly thickened and often revoluteǡ ϐ‹‡Ž› ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ”Ž› •‡””—Žƒ–‡Ǣ ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ ‹†”‹„ ϐŽƒ––‡‡† –‘ •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› ’”‘‹‡– ‘ –Š‡ —’’‡” •‹†‡ǡ ’”‘‹‡– „‡‡ƒ–Šǡ ƒ‹ lateral veins ͻȂͳʹȋȂͳͷȌ ‘ ‡‹–Š‡” side, ͳͲȂ͵ͲȋȂͶʹȌ  ƒ’ƒ”–, mostly prominent above, prominent to slightly so beneath, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–7 in between each pair of main laterals, less distinct above, prominent below, tertiary venation scalariform, joined by cross veinlets, perpendicular to the midrib, less distinct above, distinct beneath. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (5–)15–30(–35) cm long, more or less angular; pairwise scales absent; racemes 1–5(–7), (2–)5–9(–14) cm long, erecto-patent to horizontal, sometimes branched again; cymules 0.5–1.5 cm ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –• ƒ†— ‘—•ǡͳȂʹŽ‘‰ǤFlower: pedicel ͳͲȂͳʹŽ‘‰ǡ ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ͳȂʹˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡȋ͸ȂȌͻȂͳͳš͵Ȃͷ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͺȂͳʹ šͶȂ͸‹ˆ”—‹–ǡƒ’‡š”‘—†‡†‘”•‘‡–‹‡•ƒ —–‡ǡ‰”‡‡‹•ŠǦ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ”‡†‹ fruit; petals obovate, 6–12 x 3–5 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged to c. 5 x 5 mm in fruit; drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 9 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: The type specimen of the name Ouratea buchneri was Buchner 541. It could not 3 ’ǤͳͶͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͶʹ be located, and was probably destroyed at B. Therefore, a neotype is designated here. It originates from the same area (Angola). Unfortunatly, collections of Ouratea buchneri from Angola do not have duplicates. We selected Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 684„‡ ƒ—•‡‹– ƒ””‹‡•„‘–ŠϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒ†ˆ”—‹–•Ǥ Š‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‡ƒ•‹Ž›†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†„›‹–•”‡˜‘Ž—–‡ǡϐ‹‡Ž›ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ”Ž›•‡””—Žƒ–‡ƒ”‰‹Ǥ The range in leaf ratio is remarkable: from 2.0 to 8.5. It resembles C. engama with which it shares the long petiole, but differs by having a leaf blade that is not decurrent onto the petiole, and by its shorter racemes. It is pictured on a 1986 postal stamp from Gabon. Distribution: Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola (Cabinda, Lunda Norte province) (Map ͳͺ). Ecology: in high and gallery forest; at 30–750 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Use: The wood is used as timber whereas the leaves could be used against headache or toothache. Dried leaves are smoked like tobacco (Bamps and Farron 1967). Vernacular names: Angola: Libambo, Limbembe (Kikongo). ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‡’—„Ž‹  of the Congo: Elonaanai, Itelisho, Lyonga (Mongo); Ifanjanjoku (Bokuma); Ntambo (Bokoro); Mumpele, Mumpeve (Luki), Lulaki lu mbwa. C A B ‹‰—”‡ͳ͸Ǥ Campylospermum laeve. A. Fruiting branch with persistent sepals. B. Flowering branch. C. Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͳͳͶǡͶͷͲ2ǡα͸ͷͲǡʹͺͳ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͸ʹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳͷͲȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•™‹†‡Ž›†‹•–”‹„—–‡†‹„‘–Š–Š‡‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’—„Ž‹  of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo, where it does not appear to be rare. Recent collections are from Gabon and collected in Lopé National Park. Thus, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. 3.7 Materials and Methods Specimens examined:  , Cabinda: Cabinda-Buco Zau, talhão permanente da Chiaca. 4°49’S 12°33’E, 9 March 1959 (fr), Murta 1 (COI); Chiaco, Maiombe. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt: 70m, 20 October 1951 (st), Càmeira 127 (LUA); Reserva Indigena do Chiaco, Maiombe. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt: 70m, 24 October 1951 (st), Càmeira 291 (LUA); Maiombe, reserva do Cacongo. 5°14’S 12°10’E, 3 July 1959 (fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 549 ȋ ȌǢƒ‹‘„‡ǡ„— ‘ƒ—ǤͶιͶͷǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMissão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 684 ȋ ȌǢ‹‘—ƒŽ‹ǡƒ‹‘„‡ǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶ͸ǯǡͳͻʹͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGossweiler 6042 (COI); Chiaca. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt: 100m, 20 April 1964 (fr), Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 7655 (LUA); —†ƒ‘”–‡: Luachima. 7°24’S 20°50’E. Alt: 750m, 15 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 13570 (B,COI,K,US).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, layon Tombi. 0°52’N 14°46’E, 23 January 1995 (fr), Kouka 54 (BRLU); village de Mbéré, terre Ongondza, sous préfecture de Boundji. 0°58’S 15°19’E, 23 June ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. 1463ȋȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†ǯ†œƒŽƒǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͳͲ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡDowsett-Lemaire 1706 (BR); Parc National d’Odzala, district de Mbomo. 0°38’N 14°54’E. Alt: 400m, 23 December 1994 (fr), Champluvier 5169 (BR); district de Mbomo, P.N Odzala. «salines» de Mbouébé, au N de la Lékoli, en amont †— ‘ϐŽ—‡–ƒ˜‡ Žƒƒ†ƒƒǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡͳ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡChampluvier 5255 (BR,WAG); Odzala National Park, au Nord du Camp Mboko, Camp Caravati, Mbouebe. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 8 December 1993 (fr), Lejoly 93/ 472ȋȌǢŽ‡‡Ž˜‡†‡”‡ǤͳιͲͶǯͳͶιʹͻǯǡʹ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 96/ 805 (BR,BRLU); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, entre Belvedre et le Camp du Daman. 1°04’N 14°29’E, 24 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 96/ 874 (BR,BRLU); Odzala National Park, rivière Lekoli, en amont de l’embarcadère. Ͳι͵͸ǯͳͷιͲ͵ǯǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡLisowski C 538 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, layon Tombi, partie sud. 0°52’N 14°46’E, 13 February 1994 (fr), Lisowski C 797 (BRLU); Kouilou: Moabi sur le sentier de Brazzaville. Ͷι͵͵ǯ ͳʹιͲͷǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͺͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lecomte, P.H. s.n. (P); ±‘—‘—: District de Zanaga, région de Makelé. ͵ιͲͷǯͳͶιͲͳǯǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡSita 3185 (BR,P); Pool: route Brazzaville-Linzolo à 22 km de Brazzaville (Alata), Réserve de la Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E, 27 February 1962 (st), Charvet 58 (P); Bangou, M’Passa Ecole. 3°54’S 14°27’E, 19 September 1964 (fr), Bouquet, A. 536 (P); village de Moutampa. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 15 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. 856ȋȌǢ ‘”²–†‡ŽƒŒ‘—‘—ƒǤͶιʹ͵ǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͳͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡHallé, F. 1698 (WAG); Plateau des cataractes, région de Moutampa. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 30 October 1967 (st), Sita 1882 (P,WAG); entre le village Moutampa et le Congo. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 2 March 1965 (fr), Farron 4010 (P); piste Mpassa-Bangou (Kindamba). 3°53’S 14°30’E, 28 April 1965 (fr), Farron 4124 (P); Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E, 14 April 1966 (st), Farron 5111 (P); Kimpanzou, près de chutes de la Foulakari. 4°36’S 14°59’E, 15 November ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 86/ 127ȋȌǢ‘—ƒ‰ƒ ǡʹͷ†‡”ƒœœƒ˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͶιʹͲǯͳͷιͲͷǯǡͳ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡ fr), Lejoly 86/ 188 (BRLU).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bandundu: Patambalu. 2°15’S 18°19’E, 23 February 1958 (fr), Tailfer 1 (BR); Bokoro. 2°50’S 18°23’E, 1 December 1948 (fr), Jans, E. 820 (BR); Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 18 July 1993 (fr), Masens, B. 1256 (BRLU,K,WAG); Kwango. 4°00’S 17°00’E, July 1913 (fr), Vanderyst 1435 (BR); Wombali. 3°16’S 17°22’E, —‰—•– ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 2008 ȋȌǢ ‘„ƒŽ‹Ǥ ͵ιͳ͸ǯ ͳ͹ιʹʹǯǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 2303 (BR); ‘„ƒŽ‹Ǥ͵ιͳ͸ǯͳ͹ιʹʹǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 2390 (BR); Wombali. 3°16’S 17°22’E, October 1913 ȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 2401 (BR); Kwango. 5°19’S 18°56’E, 20 October 1955 (fr), Devred 2721 (BR,K); Kabama. 5°40’S 16°18’E, 25 June 1959 (st), Pauwels 3563 (BR); Kabama. 5°40’S 16°18’E, 25 August 1959 (st), Pauwels 4213 (BR); Nioki. 2°43’S 17°40’E, 1940 (fr), Flamigni 6009 (BR); Selenge. 1°58’S 18°10’E, (fr), Flamigni 6024 (BR); Kiri. 1°27’S 19°00’E, July 1925 (fr), Goossens 6230 (BR); Bas-Congo: 4°44’S 12°59’E, 1897 (fr), Cabra 58 (BR); Luki (Mayumbe). 5°44’S 12°53’E, (fr), Wagemans 367 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 8 February 1955 (fr), Wagemans 945 (BR,K); Kimbuanga. 5°13’S 15°38’E, 25 January 1960 (fr), Compère 1315 (BR); Luki, Ž‹‰‡†‡ ”²–‡ǯ—ŽƒǯƒƒŽƒǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDonis 1623 (BR,FHO); Mbimbi. 5°15’S 14°52’E, 11 March 1960 (fr), Compère 1643 (BR,K,P); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 18 March 1958 (fr), Wagemans 1897 (BR,K); Luki, ligne de crête N’kula N’kakala. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 28 April 1946 (fr), Toussaint, L. 2006 (BR); Upese. 4°59’S 15°09’E, 8 April 1959 (fr), Pauwels 2217 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, May 1903 (fr), Gillet, J. 3024 (BR); Luki, Parc National de la Nkula. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 21 June 1978 (fr), Breyne, H. 3339 (BR); Sanda. ͶιͶͲǯ ͳͷιʹ͸ǯǡ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gillet, J. 3554 ȋȌǢ ƒ†ƒǤ ͶιͶͲǯ ͳͷιʹ͸ǯǡ —‡ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 5523ȋȌǢ‡‘’‘Ž†˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͶιͳͻǯͳͷιͳͻǯǡͻƒ›ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 7561 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, April 1925 (fr), Vanderyst 14550 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, April 1925 (fr), Vanderyst 14635 (BR); Equateur: Yaliemba de Likote. 1°02’N 21°57’E, 17 May 1937 (fr), Collart 45 (BR); Mondombe. 0°54’S 22°49’E, (fr), Jespersen, K. 187ȋȌǢ‘–•‹ƒǡ’ƒ” ǤͳιͲͻǯʹͳιͷ͹ǯǡʹͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡDhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 590 ȋȌǢ—†—•ƒƒǤʹιͷ͵ǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡMortehan 1101 (BR); environ d’Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 15 July 1905 (fr), Laurent, É. 1472ȋȌǢ ™ƒƒǤʹιͲͺǯʹͳι͵ͶǯǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2803 (BR); 3 ’ǤͳͶ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͶͶ Isandja. 1°57’S 21°11’E, 19 October 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 2861 (BR); Parc National Monkoto. 1°38’S 20°39’E, 5 August 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4483ȋȌǢƒŽ‹—‰—ǡ‘†‘„‡Ǥͳιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͳ͸ǯǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 5442 (BR); Kasai-Oriental: Kole. 3°29’S 22°27’E, (fr), Claessens 310 (BR); Kinshasaǣ‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‘ϐ‹—ǡ•—” ”‘—–‡‡ƒ‡Ǧ‹‰ǤͶιͳͶǯͳͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 702 (WAG); Kimuenza. 4°28’S 15°17’E, (fr), Gillet, J. 1917ȋǡȌǢ‹ ‡•‡ǡƒ•‹ƒǤͶιʹ͸ǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡʹʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 2038 (BR); Kimuenza. 4°28’S 15°17’E, May 1901 (fr), Gillet, J. 2205 (BR). , ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Parc National de Plateaux Batéké à 17 km de la station PPG en avale vers le débarcadère. ͳιͷͺǤ͸͵ǯ ͳͶιͲͲǤͳͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͺͷǡ ʹͻ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Niangadouma 400 (LBV,WAG); Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Bai Jobo. 2°12.53’S 13°52.45’E, 4 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 503 (MO); Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.4’S 13°54.0’E. Alt: 400m, 11 September 2006 (st), Nguema Ekomo 802 (LBV); ͵Ͳ”‘—–‡‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ƒ‘—„ƒǤͳιͶͷǯͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 6725 (C,K,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Ivindo: Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 5 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.22’S ͳͳιͶͶǤͳͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͸ͷǡ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1062 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route LopéKassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1066 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1067 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1068 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village ƒ••ƒƒ„‹ƒǤͲιͲ͹ǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳ͸ǡͺƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1072 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.26’S 11°44.05’E. Alt: 290m, 8 ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1076 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km ƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ••ƒƒ„‹ƒǤͲιͲ͹Ǥʹ͸ǯͳͳιͶͶǤͲͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͻͲǡͺƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1077 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘ǣ”‡‰‹‘†‡ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶʹǯǡ͸ƒ›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡLe Testu 7335 (BM,BR,P); region de ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ‘—†‘—‰‘—ǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶͷǯǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡLe Testu 7662 (BM,BR,P); 50 km ESE of Lastoursville. 0°53’S 13°18’E, 4 May 1992 (fr), Breteler 11290 (LBV,MO,WAG); 19 km E of Ndambi, road from ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ –‘ ‘†ŒƒǤ ͲιͶ͸ǯ ͳ͵ιͳͻǯǡ ͳͷ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 13307 (WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Gamba. 15,2 km along the road from Gamba airport to Vera. Tondou forest. 2°44.7’S 10°08.6’E. Alt: 40m, 13 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11398 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). Campylospermum Žƒš‹ϐŽ‘”— (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh. Fig.ͳ͹ J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 197 (June 1902). – Ouratea Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”ƒ De Wild. & T.Durand, Bull. Soc. ‘›Ǥ‘–Ǥ‡Ž‰‹“—‡͵ͺȋʹȌǣ͵͵ȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂMonelasmum Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”— (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thonner 20 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Congo, Ngali, August 28th, 1896. Monelasmum sulcatum Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Lectotype (designated here): Zenker & Staudt 768 (holotype: P!; isotype: BM!, COI!, GOET, K!, LE, Z), Cameroon, Yaunde, 1894-95. Monelasmum marquesii Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Marques 201 (holotype: COI!), Angola, rio Guillo, June 1885. syn. nov. Monelasmum leroyanum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea leroyana (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81 (1953). – Type: Leroy s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x)!), Gabon, forêt environs de Libreville (Mt Bouet), October 1895. Monelasmum setigerum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: COI!), Cameroon, Yaoundé, 1896. Ouratea macrobotrys Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 268 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here): Zenker & Staudt 768 (holotype: B†; isotype: BM!, COI!, GOET, K!, LE, P, Z), Cameroon, Yaunde, 1894-95. 3.7 Materials and Methods Ouratea ituriensis Gilg & Mildbr., Wiss. Erg. deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 2: 558 (1913). – Type: Mildbraed 2984 specimen not located. Neotype (designated here): Lebrun 2752 (holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, WAG!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Buta, Titule, May 1931. Ouratea ϔŽƒ‹‰‹‹ De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B50 (1920). – Type: Flamigni 116 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bena-Dibele, June 19th, 1905. Ouratea bracteato-pedunculata De Wild., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, sér. B 48, compt. rend.: 26 (1928). – Type: Claessens 268 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bena-Dibele, June 12th, 1909. Ouratea dubiosa De Wild., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, sér. B 48, compt. rend.: 28 (1928). – Type: Claessens 396 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Katako Kombe, January 1910. Tree or treelet up to 10 m tall, with branched stem; „‘Ž‡ —’ –‘ ͳͲ  ‹ †‹ƒ‡–‡”; twigs with whitish-brownish bark. Stipules persistent, narrowly triangular, (3–)4–10 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–7 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-obovate to narrowly elliptic or rarely elliptic-obovate or elliptic, ȋͷȂȌͳ͵Ȃʹ͵ȋȂ͵ʹȌ š ȋͳǤͷȂȌ͸ȂͻȋȂͳͳȌ , ratio ʹȂͶǤͷ, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, apex gradually acuminate, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, slightly bullate or sometimes smooth, in dry condition set with tiny bumps in between the tertiary veins on the upper surface giving it a ‘rough’ appearance, glossy above, margin serrulate; venation: midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins 7–18 on either side, ͳͲȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌƒ’ƒ”–, prominent but often running in a slight depression above, prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳȂʹ‹„‡–™‡‡‡ƒ Š’ƒ‹”‘ˆƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ•, distinct, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, with numerous cross-veins giving it a reticulate appearance, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (5–)11–35(– 50) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, triangular, 5–10 mm; ”ƒ ‡‡•ȋͳȂȌʹȂͺǡȋͶȂȌ͹ȂʹͳȋȂʹ͵Ȍ Ž‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡•ͳȂʹ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͳʹǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flower: pedicel (7–)10–18(–20) mm long, articulated at 1–5(–7) mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡͷȂ͹šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͷȂͺšʹǤͷȂͶ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•obovate, 7–12 x 5–10 mm, base attenuate, apex emarginate; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style 3–5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged up to c. 6 x 5 mm in fruit; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 4–10 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: Monelasmum sulcatum and Ouratea macrobotrys were simultanously described based on duplicates of the same collections. A lectotype Zenker & Staudt 768 is designated for both species. It has several duplicates located in seven herbaria and the fruits are present in all herbarium sheets. 3 ’ǤͳͶͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͶ͸ The type specimen (Mildbraed 2984) of the name Ouratea ituriensis could not be located. Therefore, another specimen Lebrun 2752 has been appointed as neotype. It has fruits and the duplicates are kept in 4 different herbaria. It was collected more or less in the same area. This species shares some features with C. reticulatum, especially the tertiary venation with many cross veinlets is reminiscent of that species. However, the tiny bumps on the often slightly bullate upper leaf surface generally makes C. Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”— stand out (see also the note under C. reticulatum). In addition it has persistent stipules, whereas C. reticulatum has caducous ones. Distribution: from south-western Senegal to Ghana and from southern Nigeria to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Angola (Malanje) (Map ͳͻ). Ecology: primary and secondary forest, high forest on slopes, in swampy, inundated forest, in forest along rivers or streams and gallery forest; on sandy soil; at 0–1500 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‰‘: Engbongbo (Babua), Bolilibo Kikereke, Yeka Olili Ikekeleke (Turumbu), Lofandjandjoku (Lokundu), Luhaha (Kitembo). IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͶǡ͹ͺͶǡ͸ͺͲ2ǡα͸ǡͶͺͳǡ͵ͺͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵ʹʹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͷ͵ͳȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹• ‘‘ƒ†™‹†‡Ž›†‹•–”‹„—–‡†‹‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒǡ less so in West Africa. It has numerous recent collections and thus the category of Least Concern has been assessed. Specimens examined:  , Cabindaǣ‡•‡”˜ƒ †‹‰‡ƒ†‘Š‹ƒ ‘ǡƒ‹‘„‡ǤͶιͷ͵ǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷǡͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡ Càmeira 151 (LUA); —†ƒ ‘”–‡ǣ ƒ••ž†‹Žǡ ‘• ˜ƒŽŽ‡• †‡ ”‹‘ —‹ŽŽ‘Ǥ ͺιͲͲǯ ͳͻιͶͲǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡMarques, S.A. 201 (COI). , Central Provinceǣ ƒ‘—†± ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͺͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker s.n. (COI,P); ƒ‘—†± •–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 207 ȋ ǡȌǢ ƒ—†‡Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker; Staudt 760 (S,US); Yaoundé. 3°52’N 11°31’E, (fr), Zenker 768 (BM,COI,K,P); 45 km S. of Badjob, 50 km SW. of Eséka, 5 km S. of the Nyong river. 3°26’N 10°30’E, 28 January 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1716 (BR,MO,WAG); 50 km South of Badjob 60 km Southwest of Eseka, South bank of the Njong river. 3°28’N 10°30’E, 19 March 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2138 ȋ ȌǢ ƒƒǤ ͵ι͵͵ǯ ͳͳιͲʹǯǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jacques-Félix 2262 (P); East Province: ±–ƒ”±›ƒǡͷˆ”‘‹••‹‘ƒŽ‘‰”‘ƒ†–‘‡”–‘—ƒǤͷι͵͵ǯͳͶιͲ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Breteler 1066 (A,BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: Edea, Forstexpedition. 3°44’N 11°10’E, September 1908 ȋϐŽȌǡBüsgen s.n. (B); west of lake Tissongo, 16 km EES of Mouanko. 3°35’N 9°51’E, 19 September 1983 (fr), Asonganyi 689 (P); 40 km NW. of Eséka, along the Kelé river. 3°47’N 10°31’E, 31 January 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1751 (WAG); South Province: Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, February 1907 (fr), Zenker s.n. (US); Mboro near Ngom, 16 km from Ambam on road Ebolowa-Ambam. 2°36’N 11°18’E, 1 September ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡKoufani 174ȋȌǢ˜‹Žƒǡ›ƒ‰‘‰ǡ›ƒ‰‘‰ƒ™‡ʹιͷͺǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡʹͺ —Ž›ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡSmits, A.P. 277 (WAG); Yaoudé station 800 m. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (st), Zenker 423 (L,US); Bitye S. 3°01’N 12°22’E, 1917 ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 969 (BM,Z); Ma’an, Nvili Ayet, Forest 1,5 hours walk North of Ma’an village, behind nvili creek. ʹιʹʹǯͳͲι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͷͶͲǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3149 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); 7.5 km S of Kribi, Grand Batanga road. 2°53’N 9°54’E, 4 November 1968 (st), Bos, J.J. 3194 (MO,WAG); 5 km from Kribi, „‘Ž‘™ƒ”‘ƒ†Ǥʹιͷͷǯͻιͷ͸ǯǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 3355 (MO,WAG,YA); 17 km N. of Kribi. 3°02’N ͻιͷͺǯǡ Ͷ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸ͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bos, J.J. 4055 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Elephant Mont, near stonecutter’s camp. 2°47’N ͳͲιͲͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͻͷǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 4175 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Boussebeliga 3.7 Materials and Methods ‹‰—”‡ͳ͹Ǥƒ’›Ž‘•’‡”—Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”—ǤFlowering branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ͳͻ. Distribution of Campylospermum Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”— 3 ’ǤͳͶ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͶͺ creek, forest behind Pygmee doctor’s house. 2°43’N 9°52’E. Alt: 40m, 29 October 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 4204 (WAG); 2 km S. of Kribi. 2°55’N 9°54’E, 16 September 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5341 (BAS,WAG); Just E. of Kribi, Kienke river., 2°56’N 9°55’E, 6 September 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7342 (WAG); Ongongondjé hill, 17 km NW. ‘ˆ„ƒǡ Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‘ˆ‘±›±ǤʹιʹͻǯͳͳιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͲǡʹ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8719 (BR,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); près Enelessi, 30 km W. de Sangnelima, Ebolona. 2°56’N 11°59’E, 10 ƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 10141ȋ ǡȌǢͳʹ›ƒ„‡•ƒǤʹιʹͷǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡRaynal, J. 10202 (P); Nkolemenlong (Nkolebenga), à l’Ouest d’Ebianemeyong, près Nyabessan (60 km Est de Campo). ʹιʹͷǯ ͳͲιʹͲǯǡ ͳͲ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 10328 (COI,K); Campo Ma’an area, Bifa, in the National Park. ʹι͵ͻǤͷǯͳͲιͳ͹ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲǡͳʹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BIFAX 143 (WAG); Akom II, Efoulan ƒ†‰‘‰‘Š‹ŽŽ•ǤʹιͶͶǤͺǯͳͲι͵ʹǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͺͶͲǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou EGONX 313 (WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Ebianemeyong, toward Nyabissan in the Ma’an area. 2°27.6’N 10°17.8’E. Alt: 480m, 24 May 2002 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou NGOMAX 37 (WAG); South-West Province: Abonando. 5°54’N 9°07’E, 2 ƒ” ŠͳͻͲʹȋϐŽȌǡRudatis 8ȋ ǡǡȌǢƒ–„—‘Ž‘‹ǤͶιͷͻǯͻιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMambo 268ȋǡ ǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢˆ‘”‡•–„‡–™‡‡—Ž—ƒ†‹„—†ƒǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡƒ” ŠͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡ fr), Thomas, D.W. 3264 (K,MO,WAG); between Baro and Ikenge villages, along foot path, in the Korup National ƒ”ǤͷιͳͷǯͻιͲͻǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷͲǡͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 7504 (MO,WAG); S. Bakundu Reserve, Banga. ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹ͹ǯǡ ͳͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Brenan 9282 (FHO,K); Kumba. S. Bakundu 1 mile W. of Banga village. ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹ͹ǯǡ ͳͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Onochie 9303 (FHO); West Province: route de Mbos, Mt. Bamboutos. 5°15’N 10°00’E. Alt: 1100m, 10 March 1967 (fr), Meurillon CNAD 651 (BR,K,P).    , Lobayeǣ‰‘––‘ǡƒ›‘͸ȋͶǤͷȌǤ͵ιͷͻǯͳ͹ιͲͻǯǡͺ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡYongo 367 ȋȌǢ ‰‘––‘ǡ ƒ†‘—†Œ‹Ǥ ͶιͲͲǯ ͳ͹ιͳͷǯǡ ͵Ͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zawa 404 (BRLU); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: ƒ†‹ƒǤʹʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡYangakola 347 (BRLU); Mangoro, commune de Bamdio. 3°57’N 16°57’E, 22 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡYangakola 639 (BRLU); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, ͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4627 (E,WAG); Kongana camp. 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 20 May 2001 (st), Harris, D.J. 7770 (E,WAG).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, layon Tombi, 15 km. 0°52’N 14°46’E, 15 June 1995 (fr), Kouka 116ȋȌǢ†œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ‡‰‹Ǧ‡‰‹ǤͲιʹͺǯͳͶι͵Ͳǯǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDiafouka 232 ȋȌǢ†œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡƒ—–‘—”†‡Žƒ•ƒŽ‹‡„‘—‡„‡ǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͳͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡKouka 281 ȋȌǢ†œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡŽƒ›‘‘„‹ǡͻǤͲιͷʹǯͳͶιͶ͸ǯǡͳͷƒ” Šͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡKouka 510 (BRLU); †œƒŽƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡ƒ’„‘‘‡–Žǯ‡„ƒ” ƒ†°”‡ǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDiafouka 585 (BRLU); Alima-Likouala, région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko). 0°13’S 14°20’E, 15 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡSita 2997 (BR,P); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, entre Belvedere et le camp du daman. 1°04’N 14°29’E, 24 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 880 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, ‰”ƒ† ‡• ƒ”’‡‡– †ǯ†œƒŽƒǡ „ƒ‹ †‡ Žǯ‘„”‡––‡Ǥ ͳιͲͶǯ ͳͶιʹͺǯǡ ʹ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Lejoly 96/ 955 (BRLU); Kouilouǣ ‘‰‘ǡ ‡˜‹”‘• †‡ ‹‘‹ƒǤ ͶιͳͶǯ ͳʹιʹ͸ǯǡ ͳ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cusset 1234 (P); région de Kakamoeka, embranchement Missafou, nouveau chantier forestier S.F.N. sur piste Bumico. 4°09’S 12°05’E, 6 June 1966 (fr), Sita 1343 (P); ±‘—‘—: Région de Kindamba, environs des grottes de Meya ƒ—†‡••‘—•†—ƒ’‡‡–ǤǤǤǤǤǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡSita 2568 (BR); District de ƒƒ‰ƒǡ‘—‘‹Ǥʹιͷͳǯͳ͵ιͷͲǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡSita 3203 (P); ‹ƒ”‹: c. 45km W of Mossendjo 150km  ‘ˆ ‘Ž‹•‹‡Ǥ ʹιͷ͹ǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸ͲͲǡ ͳͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Braakenburg van Backum 51 (MO,WAG); village de Mouteké, route de Mossendjo. 2°57’S 12°44’E, 16 January 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A. 930 (P); route Malinga-Rebé. 2°25.80’S 12°06.55’E. Alt: 485m, 14 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1337 (LBV,WAG); Environs †‡ǯ‹†ƒǡ˜‡”•Žƒˆ”‘–‹°”‡‘‰‘Ǧ ƒ„‘ƒ‹•‡ǤʹιͲ͸ǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͳ͹ƒ” Šͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡSita 3545 (WAG); Pool: village Mountota. 3°26’S 14°36’E, 21 December 1992 (st), Bitsindou, M. 284 (BRLU); Sangha: Nouablé-Ndoki ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ ‘—ƒŽ‘—‰‘–—†›‹–‡ǡ͵͹†‡‘ƒ••ƒǤʹιͳʹǤ͹ǯͳ͸ι͵ͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͺͻǡͳʹ’”‹ŽʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽǡ fr), Ndolo Ebika 36 (E,WAG).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bandunduǣ ‹›ƒƒǤ ͷιͳͻǯ ͳͺιͷ͸ǯǡ ͳʹ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Devred 2706 (BR); entre ‹•ƒ–—‡–™ƒ‰‘Ǥ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳ͹ιʹͳǯǡȋϐŽȌǡGillet, J. 3349 (BR); Kintutila. 5°19’S 15°21’E, 18 August 1959 (st), Pauwels 4067ȋȌǢ‡Ž‡†‡Ǥ͸ι͵ͳǯͳ͹ιͳͷǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡCallens 4765 (BR); entre la Lubue et la Loange. 4°13’S 19°57’E, 1922 (st), Vanderyst 12498 (BR); Mbau. 5°29’S 17°19’E, (fr), Vanderyst 16415 (BR); BasCongoǣ —‹Ǥ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ ʹ͹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͶ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Donis s.n. (BR); Kisafu (Maduda). 4°54’S 13°02’E,  –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡHauzer 24ȋȌǢŠ‹„ƒœ‡ǤͶιͷͶǯͳʹιͶͷǯǡͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡCabra 62 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, ͳͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡMaudoux 79 (BM,BR); Luki, plateau du poste. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 20 December 1948 (fr), Maudoux 125 (BR,K); Luki réserve. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 6 January 1967 (st), Nsimundele 139 (BR); route Kinzao —‡–‡ǤͷιͶͷǯͳ͸ι͵Ͳǯǡͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡCompère 261ȋǡȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 3.7 Materials and Methods 262 ȋȌǢ „™‡ŽƒǤ ͷιͲͺǯ ͳͷιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Allard, J. 286 ȋȌǢ ‰‹Ž—„‘†ƒǤ ͷιͲͺǯ ͳͷιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Allard, J. 297 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 1959 (st), Dubois, J. 423 (BR); Vaku. 5°16’S 13°10’E, November 1923 ȋϐŽȌǡWellens 444ȋȌǢ‹„ƒ„‹ǤͷιͳͺǯͳͷιʹͲǯǡͳ͹—‰—•–ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡNsimundele 511 (BR); Réserve Luki, Parc †‡Žƒ‹ŽƒǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡNsimundele 544 (BR); Gimbi. 5°31’S 13°22’E, 11 December ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wagemans 722 ȋ ȌǢ ‹‘•‹Ǧ‹†‹Ǥ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳͷιͶͲǯǡ ʹͲ —‰—•– ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Nsimundele 842 (BR); —‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 1793ȋǡȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡ Toussaint, L. 2020ȋȌǢŽǯ—‡•–†‡Žƒ”‘—–‡—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡToussaint, L. 2031 ȋȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ͸ —‡ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡToussaint, L. 2374 (BR); Kimbula. 5°43’S 15°58’E, 13 May 1959 ȋϐŽȌǡPauwels 3007ȋȌǢ‹•ƒ–—ǤͷιͲͺǯͳͷιͲ͸ǯǡͳ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡPauwels 5250 (BR); Benga. 5°50’S 16°00’E, (fr), Vanderyst 15754 (BR); Benga. 5°50’S 16°00’E, (fr), Vanderyst 15764 (BR); Luki (Léopoldville). 5°38’S 13°07’E, 2 January 1947 (fr), Toussaint Luki 2065 (BM,BR,K,WAG); Boma, Luki, vallée de la N’Kula. ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲ͹ǯǡ ʹͳ —‰—•– ͳͻͶ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Toussaint Luki 2442 (BR,EA,WAG); ligne de crête N’kula-Ntosi. 5°38’S ͳ͵ιͲ͹ǯǡͳ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡToussaint Luki 2459 (BR,FHO); Equateur: Bikoro. 0°45’S 18°07’E, 1 October ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡMoureau-Cheuvard 4ȋȌǢ‘—‰™ƒ‡‰‡ǤͳιͲͲǯʹʹιͶͻǯǡͺ—‰—•–ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡTheuwissen 5 (BR); ‰ƒŽ‹Ǥʹιʹ͸ǯʹͳι͵Ͷǯǡʹͺ—‰—•–ͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThonner, F. 20 (BR); Djombo. 1°10’N 22°05’E, 21 November 1912 (fr), Mengé 36ȋȌǢ‡–”‡˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‘ˆ—‰‹‡–‘‹‡ǤͳιͲͺǯͳͻιͷ͸ǯǡʹͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNannan 53 ȋȌǢŒ‘Ž—ǤͲι͵ͷǯʹʹιʹ͹ǯǡʹƒ” ŠͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡMengé 84 (BR); Mabali. 0°53’N 18°07’E. Alt: 350m, 8 November ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThonet 133ȋȌǢ—•‹”ƒǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͻιͷͷǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 295 (BR,K); Aela. 0°03’N ͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLeemans 327ȋ ǡǡ ȌǢ‡†Œ‹ǤͲιͲͶǯͳͺιͳͲǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLebrun 334 (BR); Zone ‹‘”‘Ǥ ͲιͶͷǯ ͳͺιͲ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ ʹͳ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Nsola 501 (BR); Bantoi. 0°04’N 18°20’E, June ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 534ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡ —‡ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 583 (BR); Eala, sentier Esobe. 0°04’N 18°20’E, 25 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 742ȋǡ ȌǢ—„ƒǤʹιͳͳǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡʹͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Bequaert 937ȋȌǢ—†—•ƒƒǤʹιͷ͵ǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ —‡ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGiorgi 1007 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°26’E, April ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 1020ȋȌǢͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡPynaert 1073 (S); Wendji-environ. 0°04’S 18°10’E, August 1930 (st), Lebrun 1074ȋǡȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 1077 (BR); Bolima. 0°03’N 19°23’E, 14 September 1943 (fr), Hulstaert 1087 (BR); Wamba, zone de Djolu. ͲιͲͳǯʹʹι͵͵ǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡNsola 1203ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 1465 (BR); environ d’Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 19 July 1909 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 1466 (BR); 0°03’N 18°19’E, ͳͲ —‰—•– ͳͻͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Laurent, M.D.J. 1470 ȋǡȌǢ ‡˜‹”‘ †‡ ƒƒ‹ƒǤ ͲιͲͳǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳ —‰—•– ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Laurent, M.D.J. 1471 (BR); environ Bikoro. 0°45’S 18°07’E, December 1920 (fr), Goossens 2356 (BR); Likete. ͲιͶ͵ǯʹͳιʹͶǯǡͳ͸ —‡ͳͺͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2728 (BR); Yenge-Loile, limite Parc National. 0°52’S 20°12’E, 3 —‰—•–ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 4454ȋȌǢ‘—–‡ƒ•ƒ—•—Ǧ‘ƒƒ–ƒǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͻιͶͻǯǡͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡ Evrard, C.M. 4798ȋǡ ȌǢ”‘—–‡‘‘–ƒǦƒŽ‹ˆƒˆ—ǤͳιͲͻǯʹʹιʹͶǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 5704 ȋȌǢ‘Ž‡‰ƒ„‹ǡ’‹•–‡˜‡”•‹”‹ǤͲιͷ͸ǯͳͻιͳͺǯǡͳʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 6103 (BR); Befale, env. 20 km †‡ ‘‘Ž‹Ǥ Ͳιͷͳǯ ʹͳιͲͷǯǡ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dechamps 8081 (BR); Kasai: Miabi (Bakwanga). 6°12’S 23°23’E, 21 November 1956 (fr), Liben 1975 (US,WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Sankuru. 4°17’S 20°25’E, August ͳͻͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSapin s.n. (BR); Kapulumba. 5°50’S 22°05’E, 5 January 1907 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BR); Muetshi. 4°42’S ʹʹι͵ͻǯǡʹͷ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡCasier 447 (BR,WAG); Lusambo, route Luluabourg, rivière Mwanzangoma. 5°49’S ʹʹιͶͳǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLiben 2359ȋȌǢ—„‹Ǥ͸ιͷͳǯʹ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͺ—‰—•–ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLiben 3588 (BR); Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July 1930 (fr), Vanderyst 24078 (BR); Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 24080ȋȌǢ—Ž—ƒ„‘—”‰ǤͷιͷͶǯʹʹιʹͷǯǡͶ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 24171 (BR); KasaiOrientalǣ‘Ž‡Ǥ͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹ͹ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡClaessens s.n. (BR); Bena-Dibele. 4°07’S 22°50’E, 19 June 1905 (fr), Flamigni 116ȋȌǢƒ–ƒ‘Ǧ‘„‡Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯʹͶιʹͷǯǡʹͲƒ” Šͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡGillardin 234 (BR); Kole. ͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹ͹ǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 298ȋȌǢƒ‹ƒ—–‘„‘Ǥͷιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͷͳǯǡͳ͸ƒ›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡ Lescrauwaert 387 ȋȌǢ ƒ‰ƒ‹‡Ǥ Ͷιͷ͹ǯ ʹ͵ι͵͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͲͲǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͵ͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gillardin 528 (BR,K); Sangaie. Ͷιͷ͹ǯʹ͵ι͵͵ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡGillardin 536ȋȌǢ‡ƒǦ‹„‡Ž‡ǤͶιͲ͹ǯʹʹιͷͲǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 934 (BR); Katanga (Shaba)ǣ‘„‡Ǥͷι͵͸ǯʹ͸ι͵͸ǯǡʹͷ —Ž›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡDelvaux 864 (BR,K); Kombe. 5°36’S 26°36’E, 12 October 1958 (fr), Delvaux 871 (BR,K); Kinshasaǣƒ••‹†‡Žƒ•‡Ž‡ǤͶιͳͶǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲͲȋϐŽȌǡ Butaye 1451 ȋȌǢ Žƒ–‡ƒ— †‡• ƒ–±±ǡ —‹Ǥ ͶιͳͲǯ ͳͷιͷͷǯǡ ʹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Robbrecht 1725 (BR); ‘‡‰ƒǡ ”‹˜‡ ‰ƒ— Š‡ †‡ Žƒ †Œ±Ž± ȋ‰ƒˆ—Ž‘ȌǤ Ͷι͵ͳǯ ͳͷιʹʹǯǡ ͳͶ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pauwels 5852 (BR); Haut •‡Ž‡Ǥ ͶιͳͶǯ ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻʹͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 14262 (BR); Maniema: Kindu. 2°57’S 25°55’E, (fr), Rossignol 28ȋȌǢ”‘—–‡—„—–—ͶͷǤͲιͶͶǯʹ͸ι͵ͷǯǡ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡNdjele 237 (BR); Parc National de ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡͶͷƒ—‘”††‡—„—–—ǡ±±Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰—‡––ƒ„‡Ǥ 0°20’S 26°40’E, 1 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1603 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au nord de Lubutu, Péné Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡ŽƒƒÃ‘ǡ‡–”‡Ž‡•ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰—‡––ƒ„‡ǤͲιʹͲǯʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡͳ —‡ͳͻ͹͹ȋ•–ȌǡLejoly 3 ’ǤͳͶͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͷͲ 1605ȋȌǢ—„—–—Ǧ‹”—‰—ǤͲιͶͶǯʹ͸ι͵ͷǯǡͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 6878 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: Kisaro. Ͳιͷͺǯʹͻι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲͲǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡChristiaensen 614ȋȌǢƒ„‘Ž‹ǡƒˆϐŽ—‡–ƒ—–—‹Ǣ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡ route Watalinga. 0°45’N 29°50’E. Alt: 1000m, 1 February 1954 (fr), Witte, G.F. de 9729 (BR,K); route Watalinga. ͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWitte, G.F. de 9748 (BR); Orientale: Epulu and vicinity 200 miles east of Stanleyville. 1°23’N 28°36’E, 1935 (fr), Putman 14; Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 29 September ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBolema 32 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 1906 (fr), Solheid 39 (BR); Lenda. 1°19’N 28°38’E, 30 November 1997 (st), Amsini 56 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 11 October 1060 (fr), Menavanza 65 (BR); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡBolema 199ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡ fr), Yafunga 214 (BR); Yangambi. km 8. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 15 October 1935 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 260 (B,FHO); 60 km †‡‹••ƒ‰ƒ‹’”°•†‡Žƒ”‹˜‹°”‡ƒ‹‘ǡ’”°•†‡ƒ‹‡Ǧ——ŽƒǤͲιͳͳǯʹͷι͵ʹǯǡʹͲƒ” ŠͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡMosango 494ȋȌǢ’‹•–‡‰ƒœ‹Ǧ‡‰ƒ‹•ƒǡ͹͸ǤͲιͷͺǯʹͷιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͷͲǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 611 ȋȌǢƒ„‡•ƒǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳ͵’”‹Žͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGérard, P. 612 (WAG); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 13 April ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGérard, P. 672 (BR,K); Yangambi, Km 7 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 25 November ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 701 ȋȌǢ –ƒŽ‡› ’‘‘ŽǤ Ͳι͵Ͳǯ ʹͷιͳʹǯǡ ͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͺͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dewèvre 720 (BR); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǡ͹”‘—–‡‰ƒœ‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡ͵Ͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 745 (BM,BR,C); Yangambi, Km 8 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 9 December 1935 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 788 (BR,P); environ ‘„™ƒ•ƒǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡReygaert 800 (BR); Yalibutu. 1°04’N 24°40’E, 8 November 1961 (fr), Bolema 819 ȋȌǢ Œ—•– †‘™•–”‡ƒ ˆ”‘ ƒϐ‹”ƒǡ ‘ƒ‹ ‹˜‡”Ǥ ͲιͶͳǤͺ͸ǯ ʹͶιͳʹǤ͹ʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵͸ͺǡ ʹ͹ ƒ› ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBoyekoli Ebale Congo 2010 Expedition 853ȋǡ ȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͳ —Ž›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡ Léonard, A. 905 (BR); Mogandjo. 1°21’N 24°20’E, 10 March 1906 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 946 (BR); Yangambi. ͲιͶ͸ǯ ʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡ ͳͺ —Ž› ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Léonard, A. 960 ȋȌǢ ƒ„‡•ƒǤ ͵ιʹͺǯ ʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Brédo, HJAER 1026ȋȌǢƒ„‡•ƒǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡBrédo, HJAER 1036 (BR); plateau de Yaselia, en ƒ‘–†‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǡ͸ƒ—Ǥ†—ϐŽ‡—˜‡ǤͲιͶͺǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹ͲǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1103 ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹͲ —‡ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡBolema 1114 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, April 1934 (fr), Brédo, HJAER 1186 (BR); rivière Lubilaya, N.E. de Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°36’E. Alt: 470m, 16 February 1936 ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 1277 ȋȌǢ •ƒŽ‘™‡Ǥ ͲιͶ͸ǯ ʹͶι͵Ͳǯǡ —‰—•– ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gilbert, G.C.C. 1361 (BR); Yangambi, ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†‡Žƒ—•ƒ„‹Žƒǡͺƒ—ǤǤͲιͶͻǯʹͶι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡͳ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1468 (BR); ƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Žƒƒ‹‘ǡͶͷƒ—Ǥ†‡—„—–—ǡ‡‡Ž—–ƒǡ”‹˜‡†”‘‹–‡†‡Žƒƒ‹‘ǡ‡–”‡ƒˆϐŽ—‡–•—‰— et Utambe. 0°20’S 26°40’E, 2 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1862 (BR); Entre Yamboa et Mongandjo, rivière Limbete. ͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2101ȋǡ ȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2238ȋǡȌǢƒ‰ƒ‹••ƒǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹͷƒ›ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2332 (BR); Bangamissa. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 28 May 1936 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2345ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2488 ȋǡȌǢ —–ƒǤ ʹιͶͺǯ ʹͶιͶ͹ǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lebrun 2491 (BR,P); Mandefu. 2°08’N 29°30’E, 27 February 1914 (fr), Bequaert 2583ȋȌǢ‹–—Ž‡Ǥ͵ιͲʹǯʹͷιͳͲǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLebrun 2752 (BR,K,WAG); —†ƒ„—ǤʹιͶʹǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡʹͺƒ” Šͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡGérard, P. 2769 (BR,K); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 2 April 1962 ȋϐŽȌǡGérard, P. 5152 (BR); 0°46’N 24°27’E, 13 September 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 6023 (BR,EA); ancienne route ’‘—”—–—ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͷιͳͶǯǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPauwels 6745 (BR); Stanleyville. 0°31’N 25°11’E, 9 March ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 7062ȋȌǢ‹‰ƒ•ƒǡ”‹˜‡‘‘„‡ǤͲιͶʹǯʹ͵ιͷͲǯǡ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡGermain, R.G.A. 8510 (BR,K); Vallée de l’Isalowe. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 9 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8805 (BR,C); Yamboa, 25 km au N.W. †‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͷͻǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡʹͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 8973 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E. Ž–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡʹ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9086 (BR); Yalibwa, 22 km au N.W. de Yangambi. 0°56’N 24°30’E. Alt: Ͷ͹Ͳǡʹͷ —‡ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9962 (BR); Yangambi, plateau de l’Isolowe. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 17 August 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 10868ȋǡȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ϐŽ‘”‡ •ƒŽ‘™‡ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡͻ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 11188ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǡ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†‡Žƒ—™‡‘ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 11365ȋȌǢ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†‡Žǯ •ƒŽ‘™‡ǡ”‘—–‡ƒ—•—ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡͳͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽǡ fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12536 (BR); vallée de la rivière Lomoma, Nord de Ngazi. 1°03’N 24°31’E. Alt: 470m, 5 February ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13548ȋǡȌǢ’ƒŽƒǡ˜ƒŽŽ±‡†—‘ƒ‹ǤͲι͵͹ǯʹͶιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 14136ȋȌǢͷƒ——††‡ƒ„—›ƒǤͳιͳ͸ǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14819 (BR,S); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡͳͺƒ›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14884 (BR); Malélé, 15 km à l’Est de ‹•ƒ‰ƒ‹Ǥ Ͳι͵ʹǯ ʹͷιʹͳǯǡ ʹͻ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lejoly 81/ 458 (BR,BRLU); Sud-Kivu: Kimbili. 2°41’S 28°12’E. Alt: 1500m, 7 October 1937 (fr), Paquay 11 (BR); Irangi, Km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. 1°53’S ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͲǡʹ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡChristiaensen 373 (BR); Kabishula. 1°55’S 28°35’E. Alt: 1000m, 13 ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡChristiaensen 393 (BR); abords de Kigulube, à l’Ouest de Bukavu sur la route vers Shanbunda par Kimbili. 2°39’S 28°01’E, July 1949 (fr), Michelson, A. 925 (BR); abords de Kigulube, à l’Ouest de Bukavu sur Žƒ”‘—–‡˜‡”•Šƒ„—†ƒ’ƒ”‹„‹Ž‹Ǥʹι͵ͻǯʹͺιͲͳǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡMichelson, A. 1095 (BR); route BukavuShabunda. 2°41’S 28°28’E, 20 August 1958 (fr), Pierlot 2417 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, 3.7 Materials and Methods ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 2480 (BR,COI); Kalehe.vers Km 110 ”‘—–‡ƒ˜—ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǣ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡʹͳƒ” Šͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTroupin 3153 (BR,K); Km ͳͳͲǡ ”‘—–‡ ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥ ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͻ ƒ› ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 3387ȋǡȌǢƒŽ‡Š‡ǡ—„ƒŽƒƒǡ—›ƒ‹”‹ǤʹιͲͶǯʹͺι͵Ͷǯǡͳ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡGutzwiller 3659 (BR,K); œ‘™‘Ǥ ʹι͵ͷǯ ʹͺιͲͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Léonard, A. 3856 (BR,K); vers KM 108 route Kavumu-Walikale. ͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡʹͶ —Ž›ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 3878 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳͻ —‰—•– ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4043 (BR,G,K,US); Kalehe, vers km 110 ”‘—–‡ ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǣ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ±•‡”˜‡ Ǥ ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹͲ —‰—•– ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4049 (K,UPS,WAG); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 30 —‰—•–ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4283 (K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. ͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4293 (B,BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route KavumuƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4305 (K,WAG); Km 110, route KavumuƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4338 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: ͻͲͲǡͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4347 (B,K,WAG); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. Catena Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳͲ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4358 (K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4364 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena I. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 12 September 1957 ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4368 (BR,EA,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve IRSAC. 1°53’S ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ͵ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4372 (K,WAG); vers km 110 route kavum-Walikale; ”ƒ‰‹”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡͳ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4394 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǣ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4397 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. CAtena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: ͻͲͲǡͳͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4409 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͲ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4421 (BR,K); Km 110, route KavumuƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4428 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 23 ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4438 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4460 (K,WAG); Km 110, route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥ ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4475 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. Irangi réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: ͻͲͲǡͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4499 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTroupin 4557 (BR,K); Km 110, route KavumuWalikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 25 October 1957 (fr), Troupin 4584 ȋǡǡȌǢ ƒŽ‡Š‡ǡ ˜‡”•  ͳͳͲ ”‘—–‡ ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 4657 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena I. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Ž–ǣͻͲͲǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTroupin 4685 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTroupin 4692 (BR,K); Km 110, route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥ ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Troupin 4707 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: ͻͲͲǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 4720 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 5339 (BR); Km 110, route KavumuƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥ ƒ–‡ƒ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 5360 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 7 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 5373 (BR,UPS); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 5462 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 7685 (BR); Km 110, ”‘—–‡ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ƒ’ ”ƒ‰‹Ǥͺͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͸Ͳǡ͸ƒ›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 10214 (BR); Km ͳͳͲǡ”‘—–‡ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹ǡ”±•‡”˜‡ Ǥƒ–‡ƒ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡʹͶ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡ Troupin 10683 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: ͺ͸Ͳǡʹͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 10831 (BR).    , Rio Muni, Centro Surǣ‡–”‘—”Ǥƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž±ǡƒŽ”‡†‡†‘”‡•†‡Ž Žƒ‰‘–‘Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡʹ —Ž›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPérez Viso 38 (MA); SE du Parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Nkumekie. 1°28.8’N 10°17.9’E, 3 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 40 (BRLU); Parc National †‡‘–‡Ž‡ǡ–”ƒ•‡ –†‡‘•—‘Ǥͳι͵͹ǯͳͲιͲʹǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡReeth 302 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, entre la station ECOFAC de Mosumo et Monte Boracho. 1°36.1’N 10°02.7’E, 14 February 2001 3 ’Ǥͳͷͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͷʹ ȋϐŽȌǡSenterre 392 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 30 June 1999 (fr), Nguema Miyono 426ȋȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž‡Ǥͳι͵͹ǯͳͲιͳ͸ǯǡʹͻ—‰—•–ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 475 (BRLU); Monte Ž°Ǥ ͳι͵͹ǯ ͳͲιͳ͸ǯǡ ͵ͳ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Ngomo 516 (BRLU); région continentale. Etembue, Espigon ȋ”±•‡”˜‡†‡†‘–‡ȌǤͳιͳ͹ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡObama 605 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.4’N 10°04.6’E, 19 January 2002 (st), Senterre 1972ȋȌǢ‡–”‘—”ǣƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž±ǣ‡•ƒƒŽƒ‰Ǥͳι͵͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǡʹͺ —‡ ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡPérez Viso 3303 (MA); SE du parc National de Monte Alen, au Sud du Rio Lana, près de la Cabana  †‡‹•‡”‰—‡Ǥͳιʹ͸Ǥ͵ͲǯͳͲιͳʹǤ͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͲǡͳ͵ —Ž›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡSenterre 3315 (BRLU); Parc National †‡‘–‡Ž‡ǡͳŠ͵Ͳ†‡ƒ” Š‡†—•‹–‡ ǤͳιͶͲǯͳͲιͳ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͳͲǡʹ͹ƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡParmentier 3414 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, à 1h30 de marche du site ECOFAC. 1°40’N 10°17’E. Alt: 1110m, ʹ͹ ƒ› ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Parmentier 3425 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Alen. 1°39’N ͳͲιͳͺǯǡ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 94/ 166 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5 km au NO de Engong. ͳι͵͹ǯͳͲιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳʹͲǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 99/ 130 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5 km NO du village Engong. 1°37’N 10°18’E. Alt: 1120m, 21 January 1999 (fr), Lejoly 99/ 445 (BRLU); montagne ’”°•†‡‹—”‰ƒǤͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 1368 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: région ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ–‡„—‡ȋ”±•‡”˜‡†‡†‘–‡ȌǤͳιͳ͹ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡͳ͹—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡEneme Efua 2 (BRLU); région ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ•’‹‰‘Ȁ”ƒ†‡”ƒ†‡ƒ‰ƒȋ”±•‡”˜‡†‡†‘–‡ȌǤͳιʹͲǯͻιʹͺǯǡͳͻ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEneme Efua 101ȋȌǢ‡‰‹×‘–‹‡–ƒŽǤͳιʹ͸ǯͻιͷͺǯǤŽ–ǣͻͶͲǡ͵Ͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡObama 335 (BRLU,WAG); ‹–‘”ƒŽǣ‘”‹• ‘ǣ’Žƒ›ƒƒŽǤǤ†‡Žƒ‹•ŽƒǤͲιͷͷǯͻιͳͺǯǡͳͷƒ” ŠʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡPérez Viso 1987 (MA); Bata-Bome. ͳιͶͻǤͻǯͻιͶͷǤͲǯǡͳʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 4764 (MA,WAG); 11 km S of Bata, along coastal road and then 2 km along track in Southern direction. 1°45.7’N 9°44.2’E. Alt: 5m, 25 February 1998 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11988ȋ ȌǢ†‘–‡—†ǡ’”°•†—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡–‡„—‡Ǥͳιͳ͹ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 520ȋȌǢ†‘–‡—†ǡ’”°•†ǯ–‡„—‡Ǥͳιͳ͹ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 1111 (BRLU); Rio —‹ǡ‡Ž‡œƒ•: inselberg de Mungum, à 45 minutes de marche du village de Kukumancoc. 1°19’N 10°49’E. Alt: 750m, 22 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3348 (BRLU); inselberg de Mungum, à 45 mn de marche du village Kukumancoc. 1°19’N 10°49’E. Alt: 750m, 22 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3389 (BRLU). , Estuaire: Parc National de la Pongara. Pointe Ouingombé à 6 Km de la Pointe Denis. 0°19.2’N ͻιͳͻǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDauby 9 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Billagone. 0°01’N 9°48’E, 16 September ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡThomson, A.P. 37 (K,P); Parc National de la Pongara. Entre la pointe Ouingombé et la pointe Denis. A ά ͳ †‡ Žƒ ’‘‹–‡ —‹‰‘„±Ǥ ͲιͳͻǤ͸ǯ ͻιͳͻǤͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹʹ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 69 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ‹„ƒ‰‡ ƒ”Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͻι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹʹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͺͺͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Soyaux 133 (BM,K,P); Forest ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘‡”‘›ǡʹͲǤǤ‘ˆ•‘ǤͲιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͳͲǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALK-B)289 ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢͳͺ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡGriffon du Bellay 325 (P); Nkoulounga. 0°42’N 9°50’E, 11 July 1959 (st), Hallé, N. 751ȋȌǢ Ǥͳ͹ƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǧƒ’•–‡”‹ƒ•ǤͲι͵ͶǯͻιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡʹͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde (WALK-B) 762 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,SRGH,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 10 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 820 (LBV,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 10 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 822 (LBV,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 6225m on transect D. 0°35’N 10°26’E, ʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡNguema Miyono 1444 (LBV,WAG); Monts de Cristal. 0°47’N 10°12’E, December 1959 (fr), Aubréville 1959/ 123 (P); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.2’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: ͶͷͲǡ͹‡’–‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNguema Ekomo 738 (LBV,WAG); 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt: ͶͶͳǡ ͳ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 901 (LBV,WAG); 70km S of Okondja on road to Franceville. ͳιͲ͹Ǥͷǯ ͳ͵ι͵͵Ǥ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Sosef 2191 (LBV,MO,WAG); 6 km route Moanda”ƒ ‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥͳι͵͵ǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷͲǡ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 6283 (WAG); Lekoko forest exploitation, ͸Ͳ‘ˆ‘ƒ†ƒǤʹιͲ͵ǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͳͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 6912 (P,WAG); near Okondja. 0°37’S 13°31’E, 29 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14115 (WAG); near Okondja, ‘Route de Falaises’, 0°37’S 13°31’E. Alt: 700m, 6 October 1997 (st), Breteler 14231 (WAG); 9 km S of Bambidie (± 30 km E of Lastoursville). 0°42’S 13°00’E, 7 October 1997 (st), Breteler 14247 (BR,BRLU,MO,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Camp Mboumi, ƒ•‡ǤͲιʹͷǯͳͲιͷͲǯǡʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡAzizet Issembé 249 (LBV,WAG); Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest †‡ƒ„ƒ”±±ǤͲιͶ͸ǤͲͺǯͳͲι͵ʹǤ͹ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͷǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡBidault 1015 (LBV,MO); Ayem, SW de Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 24 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1829 (P); Mabounié. 0°47.00’S 10°32.63’E. Alt: 73m, 13  –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡSonké 6009 (MO); Mabounie. 0°48.23’S 10°30.10’E. Alt: 98m, 25 October 2012 (fr), Sonké 6162ȋȌǢ͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡʹͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 13077 (WAG); ͵Ͳ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡ͵Ͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 13094 (WAG); ‰‘—‹±: ‹••‹‘†‡–Ǥƒ”–‹ǤͳιͶͳǯͳͲιͷ͸ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡWalker, A.A. s.n. (P); Est du Parc National de Waka, à ± 5 km au Sud †‡Žƒ”‹˜‹°”‡ƒ›‹Ǥͳιͳ͵Ǥ͸ǯͳͳιͳ͹Ǥ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͳ͵ǡͳ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDauby 560 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); entre village Mbinambi et Nzenzelé. 2°20.30’S 11°40.28’E. Alt: 266m, 16 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1363 (LBV,WAG); 3.7 Materials and Methods entre village Mbinambi et Nzenzelé. 2°20.30’S 11°40.28’E. Alt: 266m, 16 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1365 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°19.34’S 11°56.34’E. Alt: 311m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1388 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E. Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1391 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E. Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1393 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.08’S 11°53.10’E. Alt: 411m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1398 (LBV,WAG); CFAD de Rimbunan Hijau, au Sud-Ouest du Parc National de la Lopé. 0°51.1’S 11°15.9’E. Alt: ͵͹ͷǡ ʹͻ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 1466 (BRLU,LBV,MO); E of Waka National Park, along the road from ‹‘‰‘˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Š‡ƒ†‹‰‹†‹”‡ –‹‘ǤͳιͲͻǤͷǯͳͳιͳͻǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͵Ͳǡʹ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSosef 2571 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 10 km on the road Ikobey to Bakongue, Eghaba Mountain. 1°02.0’S 11°02.6’E. Alt: 650m, ʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4465 (WAG); Modoumou. 1°38’S 11°25’E, October 1925 (st), Le Testu 5598 (BM,P); Moumba Côté Ouest. 1°15’S 11°35’E. Alt: 800m, 19 May 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 6051 (P); 53 km road ‘—‹Žƒ–‘‡‘ǤͳιͶʹǤ͸ͻǯͳͳιʹͳǤʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͳͷǡͻƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7225 (WAG); 22 km along a –”ƒ ‹ƒ‘”–Š‡”†‹”‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9152 (BR,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Massif de Chaillu, au nord-est de Mouila; chantier Leroy; à l’est de ‡Ž‹‰—±ǡͳιͷ͹ǯͳͳιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹ͸’”‹ŽͳͻͺͻȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 13959 (MO,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: Côte du ‘ƒ‰‘Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳͻʹʹȋϐŽȌǡPiveteau s.n. (P); Nyanga. 2°57’S 10°20’E, 20 January 1894 (st), Dybowski, J. 20 ȋȌǢ ‘—”‹†‹Ǥ ʹι͵͵Ǥ͸ǯ ͳͲιͶͶǤ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻ͵ǡ ͳͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bourobou 243 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 515 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 516 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 519 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 520 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 521 (LBV,WAG); route  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ†‡†‡Ǥ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲ͸ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 522 (LBV,WAG); mayumba peninsular 15 km S of Mayumba town, the surf of the ocean within hearing distance. 3°30’S 10°44’E. Ž–ǣͷǡͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALK-B) 658 (LBV,WAG); chantier CEB, Monts Doudou 20 km WSW of ‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹιʹͷǯͳͲι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͹ͷǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1095 (LBV,MO,NY,WAG); Mayumba. 3°25’S ͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 2229 (LBV,MO,WAG); chantier SFN. 2°37.42’S 10°32.36’E. Alt: 350m, ʹͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Valkenburg 2662 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: Bjaddié Liboumba-Bafoala ±ƒ„‘Ǥƒ†‹†‘—±ǡ͸ͺ†‡±ƒ„‘ǤͲιͷͲǯͳ͵ιʹͻǯǡͳͶ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡHallé; Le Thomas 299 (P); ±•‡”˜‡†‡Žƒ‘’±ǡ’‡–‡†—Šƒ‡ƒ—ǤͲιͳ͵ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡSosef 510 (LBV,P,WAG); ±Ž‹‰ƒǡ ”‘‹‡‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ•—‹– ƒŽŽ‡†DzŠ‡‡Ž˜±†°”‡dzǤͳιͲͶǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡͳʹ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler; Wilde 544 (WAG); 24 km along the SOMIFER-road towards Makokou. 0°54’N 13°12’E. Ž–ǣͻ͹ͷǡͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler; Wildeȋǡǡ ȌǢͳͷ†— ‘ϐŽ—‡–‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘ǤͲιͳ͹ǯ ͳʹιͳ͵ǯǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilks 769 (LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°05.03’S 11°36.45’E. Alt: 123m, 5 September ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTowns 969 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°25.8’S 11°52.2’E. Alt: 236m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1018 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°25.8’S 11°52.2’E. Alt: 236m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1021 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt: 282m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1027 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 21 km après village Zadié. 0°53.07’N 13°10.23’E. Alt: 535m, 11 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1124 (LBV,WAG); Lope, Point de Vue. 0°10.0’S 11°34.7’E. Alt: 600m, 19 August ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTowns 1124 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 22 km après village Zadié. 0°53.43’N 13°10.25’E. Alt: 669m, ͳͳ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1129 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 23 km après village Zadié. 0°53.5’N ͳ͵ιͳͲǤ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͻ͹ǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1135 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 23½ km après village ƒ†‹±ǤͲιͷ͵Ǥʹ͸ǯͳ͵ιͳͲǤ͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͳͺǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1137 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 27 km après village Zadié. 0°55.41’N 13°10.95’E. Alt: 888m, 11 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1140 (LBV,WAG); route ±Ž‹‰ƒǡ͵Ͷƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ†‹±ǤͶ†— ƒ””‡ˆ‘—”“—‹°‡ƒ— Šƒ–‹‡”—Ž‹ǤͲιͷ͹Ǥͻͻǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣ ͺͷͳǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1141 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 34 km après village Zadié. 4 km du ƒ””‡ˆ‘—”“—‹°‡ƒ— Šƒ–‹‡”—Ž‹ǤͲιͷͺǤͲǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͳǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1142 ȋǡ ȌǢ”‘—–‡±Ž‹‰ƒǡ͵Ͷƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ†‹±ǤͶ†— ƒ””‡ˆ‘—”“—‹°‡ƒ— Šƒ–‹‡”—Ž‹ǤͲιͷͺǯ ͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͳǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1147 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village Mbondo. 0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1155 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village „‘†‘Ǥ Ͳιͷ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͺ͸ǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1156 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 9 km ƒ’”°• ‡–”±‡ ‡Ž‹‰ƒǦƒ›‹„‘—–Ǥ ͳιͲʹǤͳͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͳǤ͹ͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺ͹Ͳǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1160 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga-Mayibout. 1°02.91’N 13°12.10’E. Alt: 894m, 12 March ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1165 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga-Mayibout. 1°03’N 13°12’E. Ž–ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1167 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga- 3 ’Ǥͳͷ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͷͶ ƒ›‹„‘—–Ǥ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1170 (LBV,WAG); route MakokouMekambo, 1 km de l’antènne Celtel. 0°49.02’N 13°28.16’E. Alt: 738m, 13 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1186 (LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°05.03’S 11°36.57’E. Alt: 130m, 8 October 2012 (fr), Towns 1382 (LBV,WAG); Lope. ͲιͳͳǤʹͺǯͳͳι͵͸Ǥ͸͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹͳ͵ǡͻ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTowns 1392 (LBV,WAG); Département de Booué, Parc ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Žƒ‘’±ǤͲιͲͷǤ͵͸ǯͳͳι͵ͷǤ͸ͺǯǡͳ‡’–‡„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡQuiroz-Villarreal 1542 (WAG); 74 km ENE ‘ˆ ƒ‘‘— ʹ   ‘ˆ ƒ†—†‘—±Ǥ ͲιͷͲǯ ͳ͵ιʹͻǯǡ ʹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 1557 (C,LBV,MO,WAG); Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.70’N 13°27.52’E. Alt: 486m, ͳ͸ƒ›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡNgok Banak 1776 (LBV,WAG); 4km NNW of Ikei-Bokaboka, Bengoué Mountain. 0°57.13’N ͳ͵ιͶͳǤͶ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͺͷǡͳͺƒ›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡNgok Banak 1843 (LBV,P,WAG); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E, 24 October 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 2763ȋȌǢ‘–†‡ƒ•“—‡ʹͲ‘ˆ‘‘—±ǤͲιͲʹǯͳͳιͶͺǯǡͳ͸ƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋˆ”ȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3403ȋ ȌǢʹͷ‘ˆ‘—ƒ‡›‘‰ǤͲιʹͲǯͳͳιͷ͸ǯǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3502 (MA,WAG); Ivindo National Park. Langoué Bai. 0°11.22’S 12°33.36’E, 27 November 2002 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3528 (LBV,MO); Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.65’N 13°27.55’E. Alt: 540m, 9 January 2001 ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4032ȋ ȌǢƒ‘‘—ǡ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†ǯ ’ƒ••ƒǤͲι͵Ͷǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡʹ͹ —‡ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7539 (P); ͳ‘ˆ‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ–ƒ–‹‘ ‘’±ǤͲιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11416 (BR,LBV,MO,SEGC,WAG); Camp de la Makande, 0°41’S 11°54’E, 21 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 254 (BRLU); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: 10 km along the road Lastoursville-Mékouyi. 0°53’S 12°39’E. Alt: 250m, 25 September 1978 ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler; Wilde 795ȋ ȌǢ”‘—–‡˜‡”•‹Ž‘Ž±ǤͲιͳͺǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡͳ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 888 (LBV,WAG); route de Bambidie vers Milolé. 0°33’S 12°48’E, 19 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 929 ȋǡ ȌǢͳͲ‘ˆ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡ ‘‰—‡Ǧˆˆ‘—‡ǤͲιͶͻǯͳͳιͷͶǯǡͳͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDibata 1190 (MO,WAG); 25  ‘ –Š‡ ”‘ƒ† ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǧ‘—Žƒ‘—–‘—Ǥ ͲιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳʹι͵ͶǤ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ʹͻ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Sosef 2095 (LBV,MO,WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc National de l’Ivindo. 0°15.2’S 12°44.3’E. Ž–ǣ͵ͻ͵ǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2291 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Makande study zone. 0°42’S 11°54’E, 26 July 1993 ȋϐŽȌǡWilks 2690 (MO,WAG); 16 km E of Lastoursville Road bridge. Chantier SBL. 0°48’S 12°48’E, 17 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5530 (WAG); 40 km ENE of Lastoursville, 20 km on road from Bambidie heading N. Ͳι͵͸Ǥ͸ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͲǤͻͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͸Ͳǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 6156 (LBV,WAG); 30 km E of Lastoursville, 5  ‘ ”‘ƒ† Š‡ƒ†‹‰  ˆ”‘ ƒ„‹†‹‡Ǥ ͲιͶ͹Ǥͷǯ ͳʹιͷ͹ǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͳͷǡ ʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wieringa, J.J. 6186 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͵Ͳ   ‘ˆ ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ ‡ƒ•– ‘ˆ ƒ„‹†‹‡ǡ ͶǤͺ  ‘  ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘ ”‘ƒ†  ȀʹǤ ͲιͶ͵ǤͲͲǯ ͳ͵ιͲʹǤͷ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͳͷǡͳͺƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7521 (WAG); 30 km ENE of Lastoursville, east of Bambidie, •–ƒ”–‘ˆ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘”‘ƒ†ȀʹǤͲιͶͶǤ͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͲͳǤͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͳͷǡʹͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ȋˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7609 ȋ ȌǢ͵Ͳ‘ˆƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ‡ƒ•–‘ˆƒ„‹†‹‡ǡŒ—•–‘ˆʹǤ͹‘‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘”‘ƒ†ȀʹǤͲιͶ͵Ǥ͹ǯ ͳ͵ιͲʹǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹͲǡʹͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7616 (WAG); 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 6 May 1992 (fr), Breteler 11324 (LBV,WAG); c. 60km E of Lastoursville. 0°50’S 13°20’E, 12 December 1993 (fr), Breteler 12592 (WAG); East of Lastoursville, near Bambidie, C.E.B. chantier. Tall forest. 0°46’S 13°00’E. Alt: 250m, 30 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 16751 (MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Gamba, west bank of Vevy lagoon. 2°46.9’S 10°00.8’E, 22 December 1995 (fr), Houten, M.H. van den 16 (MO,WAG); Monvorobe. 0°54’S 8°57’E, June ͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin (central Africa series) 58ȋȌǢ ƒ„ƒǡǼ•‹–‡ ǽǤʹιͶ͹ǤͷʹǯͳͲιͲ͵Ǥ͸ͺǯǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡ Raymakers 71 (LBV,WAG); Parc National Loango, 5m de l’hotel a gauche, apres l’Ile des chauves-sourris. 1°55.18’S ͻιʹʹǤͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹ǡʹͳ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡMouandza Mbembo 89 (BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Gamba, laterite road to Pont ‹ ǡ –—”‘ˆˆǤ ʹιͶͺǤͳǯ ͳͲιͲʹǤͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷǡ ͳʹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bergen 94 (FHO,IAGB,MO,PRE,WAG); RabiKounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S 9°51’E, 11 November 1991 (fr), Schoenmaker, J. 133 (WAG); Eastern foothills of the ‘—†‘—‘—–ƒ‹•ǤʹιͳͷǯͳͲιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͺͲǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡArends 684 (WAG); Toucan. 1°47’S 9°53’E, 18 —‡ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡBourobou 763 (LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord-Ouest de Doussala, autour du campement II. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt: 375m, 7 April 2000 (fr), Sosef 1146 (LBV,WAG); Gamba, near N’Dogo. 2°44’S 10°00’E, 29 July ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1323 (C,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Shell concession, Rabi, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt: ͷ͸ǡ ʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 2133 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 15 km SE of Port Gentil. 0°50’S 8°52’E. Alt: 1m, 13 ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 5532 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒǤ ʹιͶ͸ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹ͵ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 5646 (B,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela., 10m, 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt: 10m, 1 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8277 (E,E,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela. 2°00’S 9°23’E. Alt: 10m, 3 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8354 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); 60 km along an ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘–”ƒ ‹ƒǤǤǤ†‹”‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘‘—••ƒŽƒǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8976 (BR,C,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); 30 km N.W. of Doussala, in the direction of Bongo. 2°12’S 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 16 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9396ȋ ȌǢƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 10131ȋǡ ȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘ƒ‰‘ǡ‡ƒ”ƒ••‹ǤʹιͲͳǤͳǯͻιʹ͵ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡ Maas, P.J.M. 10169 (LBV,UC,WAG); Gamba, just S of Shell jetty (oil terminal) 200 m from ocean shore. 2°47.3’S ͳͲιͲͳǤͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷǡ ʹͳ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11131 (BRLU,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Gamba, along the 3.7 Materials and Methods airport. 2°48’S 10°03’E, 23 July 1998 (st), Breteler 14453ȋǡǡǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒǡ‡ƒ”–Š‡‘ˆϐ‹ ‡‘ˆ Shell., 2°42’S 9°56’E, 4 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14543 (BR,K,LBV,MO,PR,S,WAG); Gamba, near airport. 2°42’S 9°56’E, 5 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14570 (LBV,WAG); village Yombé, aux environs de Cap-Lopez. 0°55’S 9°23’E, ͳͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 26718 (P); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: along logging road in Bordamur concession area, some 19 km from the WWF-station. 1°08’N 11°47’E. Alt: 560m, 7 October 2002 (fr), Strijk 25 (LBV,WAG); Bordamur consession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, at logging road construction site. 1°14’N 11°53’E. Alt: 570m, 10 October 2002 (fr), Strijk 88 (LBV,MO,WAG); Assok, on transect F. 0°43’N 10°23’E, 17 January 2001 (fr), MayomboNzengue 214ȋȌǢͳͳ‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ„”‹†‰‡‘˜‡”ƒ‘”‹˜‡”ƒ–  forestry camp. 0°42.9’N 11°37.8’E. Alt: 488m, 7 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 764 (LBV,WAG); 48 km NE of ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ”‘ƒ† ‹ ‘”†ƒ—” ˆ‘”‡•– ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͳιͲͶǤͺǯ ͳͳιͷʹǤʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷ͸Ͳǡ ͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 810ȋȌǢ Šƒ–‹‡”‘—‰‹‡”Ǧ ±ƒǡ˜‡‰ǤͲιͶͲǯͳͳιʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸Ͳǡͺƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡReitsma, J.M. 911 (LBV,NY,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 12 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 953 (LBV,WAG); concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie Nord des ‘–ƒ‰‡•‡‹±ǤͲιʹͷǤ͵ǯͳͳιͳ͵ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͵͹ǡͳ͹ —Ž›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDauby 1012 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Crystal Mountains, ͳͲͷͲ‘–”ƒ•‡ –ǤͲι͵͹ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͷ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡNguema Miyono 1320 (LBV,WAG); Chantier Rougier  ‡ƒǡ˜‡‰Ǣ ƒʹͷ‘ˆ‹–•‹ ǤͲιͶͶǯͳͳιʹʹǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1548 (BR,WAG); Chantier Rougier-Océan, 25 km NNW of Oveng. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 25 September 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1591 (WAG); ‹±„±ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ•‘—–Š‡”‹•‡Ž„‡”‰ƒ”‡ƒǤͳιʹʹǤͶͺǯͳʹι͵ʹǤ͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͳͷǡͶƒ›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡNgok Banak 1619 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 40 km NE of Mitzic. 1°04.8’N 11°52.4’E. Alt: 500m, 6 February ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSosef 1879 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inventory Oveng; 25 km WSW of Mintsic. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 6 November 1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2494 (WAG); Crystal Mountains, 5 km on old road Tchimbélé to Asok. 0°38.51’N 10°24.77’E. Ž–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͳʹ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4699 (WAG); 40 km on the road E. of SEF Camp. 0°48’N 10°50’E. Alt: ͷͲͲǡ ͳ͵ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 13515 (WAG); Minkébé area, river Nouna. 1°43’N 12°51’E, 18 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series D 52 (K,LBV,MAKOK,MO,P,WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG); Minkébé area, summit Mt. Minkébé. 1°37’N 12°50’E, 9 May 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 260ȋ ȌǢ ”‡•––‘–Š‡•‘—–Š‘ˆ‘—–‹±„±Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͳͲƒ›ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMinkébé Series W 290 (WAG); Minkébé area, 1600 m on transect A. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 24 May 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 469 ȋ ȌǢ ‹±„± ƒ”‡ƒǡ ‘ •‹–‡ ‘ˆ ‘Ž† ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ͳιͶͶǯ ͳʹιͷʹǯǡ ʹͷ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Minkébé Series W 668 ȋǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ ‹±„± ƒ”‡ƒǡ ͳͲ š ͳͲ  ‹˜‡–‘”› ’Ž‘– ǡ ’Žƒ ‡† ʹǦͳʹ  ‘”–Š ƒ– ͺͳͷǦͺʹͷ  ‘ transect B. 1°30’N 12°48’E, February 1990 (st), Minkébé Series X 146 (WAG). , Western Region: Ankasa Game Reserve following footpath right just after entrance going parallel with ƒ•ƒ Ǥ ͷιͳ͵ǯ ʹι͵ͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ʹͲ ƒ” Š ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 2156 (MO,WAG); 4°56’N 2°21’W. Alt: 15m, November 1928 (st), Vigne FH 1456 (BM,FHO,K); Ankasa FR 5°15’N 2°37’W, 30 December 1966 (st), Enti GC 36217 (K).  Ǧ , Bijagós: Bolama, sector de Uno. Ilha de Orange, Rio Amebaca de Ambuduco. 11°10’N 16°06’W, ʹƒ›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCatarino 858 (LISC,WAG); Tombali: Camocote environ Jemberem (Guinée Bissau). 11°13’N ͳͷιͲʹǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡMalaisse 14521 (BR); Camocome. 11°14’N 15°02’W, 5 November 1995 ȋϐŽȌǡMalaisse 14794 (BR). IVORY COAST, Aboissoǣ‡Ž—–ƒ„‘‹••‘Ǥͷιʹͺǯ͵ιͳʹǯǡ͵Ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17763 (LY); San±†”‘ǣ ‘”²–Žƒ••±‡‘‘‰ƒ‰ƒǡŒ—•–•‘—–Š‘ˆƒ••ƒ†”ƒǦƒ‡†”‘”‘ƒ†ǤͶιͷͳǤͺǯ͸ιʹ͸Ǥͷǯǡʹͷƒ” ŠʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 4745ȋ ǡ ǡ ȌǤ LIBERIA, Bong: Bong Range. 6°49’N 10°20’W. Alt: 100m, 9 July 1960 (st), Voorhoeve 12 (WAG); Western part of ‘‰Ǧƒ‰‡„‡–™‡‡ƒ‹—ƒ†ƒ‰‘Ž‡–ƒ͵ʹǤ‘ˆƒƒ–ƒǤ͸ιͶͻǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡʹͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3884 (A,EA,K,MA,WAG); Grand Gedeh: Putu Hills, East Range, East slope. 5°39.3’N 8°10.5’W. Alt: 490m, 17 ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9097 (WAG); Montserrado: Gola National Forest, Bomi Hills. 6°56’N 10°45’W, 22 July 1965 (st), Meer, P.P.C. van 22ȋ ȌǢDzƒŽŽ‘’‘Ž—dzǡ‡ƒ”ƒŠ‡”‹˜‡”Ǥ͸ιͷͷǯͳͲι͵ͻǯǡʹͶ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͷȋ•–ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 58 (WAG); Gola National Forest, NE of Bomi Hills, high forest on banks of Mahe river. 6°55’N 10°45’W, 27 ’”‹Žͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 1910ȋ ǡ ȌǢ ‡— Š–‡”™ƒŽ†”¡†‡”ǡŽ†ϐ‹‡Ž†ǤŽ†ϐ‹‡Ž†‡ƒ”—’‘”–Ǥ͸ιͳ͸ǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳ ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDinklage 3016 (Z); Gola National Forest, 12 km NE of Bomi Hills. 6°56’N 10°45’W, 15 April ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3805 (A,K,WAG); ‹„ƒ: Mt Yuelliton, 7°33.92’N 8°37.97’W. Alt: 740m, 11 January 2009 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8419 (WAG); Bobei Mt 7°22’N 8°36’W, 29 September 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 9584 (K); Sino: southwest ‘”‡”‘ˆƒ’‘ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǤͷιͳͺǤʹǯͺιͶͶǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͻͲǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDaniels, A.K. 50 (MO,SL,WAG); Ž‘•‡ƒˆ–‡”‹‘‡‹˜‡” ”‘••‹‰ˆ”‘ ƒŽƒ›ǯ•‘™‹–‘ƒ’‘ǤͷιʹͲǤʹǯͺιͶͺǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͶƒ” ŠʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 8783 (WAG); inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of the Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 100m, 11 March ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8935 (WAG). 3 ’Ǥͳͷͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods   , Cross River State: Oban forest reserve. About 1.5 miles west of mile 66, along Calabar-Mamfe motor ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ͷιʹͷǯ ͺι͵ͻǯǡ ʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Okafor FHI 36169 (FHO); Edo Stateǣ ƒ’‘„ƒǤ ͸ιͲ͸ǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Kennedy, J.D. 886ȋǡ ȌǢ—‘ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‹”‘™ƒǤ͸ιͳͶǯͷιʹͳǯǡͳͻƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, P.W. 3263 (BM); Ondo Stateǣ„ƒ •Žƒ†Ǥ͸ιʹͶǯͶι͵ͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 1723 (FHO).  , Casamance: Park National de Basse Casamance. 12°24’N 16°36’W, 11 August 1982 (st), Champluvier S/ 122 (BR).  , ǣȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (LD,UPS); ‘”–Š‡””‘˜‹ ‡: Makéni WSW. 8°52’N 12°05’W, 1 ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17271 (G); Western Area: F.B.C. Botanic Garden, Freetown. 8°30’N 13°15’W, 3 July 1964 ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1372ȋǡ ȌǢ‡‰‡–‘ƒ†Ǥͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹Ͷǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡPelly SLFD 155 (FHO); ‡‰‡–‘ƒ†Ǥͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡPelly SLFD 157 (FHO). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). 3 ’Ǥͳͷ͸ Campylospermum lecomtei (Tiegh.) Farron ‹‰Ǥͳͺ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 399 (1965). – Ouratea lecomtei Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 8: 51 (Jan. 1902). – Bisetaria lecomtei (Tiegh.) Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot): 45 (Febr. 1902). – Type: Lecomte s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x!), Congo, bords du Kouilou entre Kitabi et Kakamoeka, 1893. Bisetaria febrifuga (Engl & Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 14 (June 1903). – Ouratea febrifuga Engl & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 257 (1904). Type: Laurent s.n. (holotype: BR!), Bas Congo, August 1893. Shrub or treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched stem; twigs upright, often grouped at the end of the branches or stem, with whitish bark. Stipules persistent, linear, ͷȂͳ͵šͳ. Leaf: petiole 1–2 mm long, swollen; leaf blade very narrowly elliptic to linear, ȋͷȂȌ͹ȂͳͳȋȂͳ͵Ȍš ȋͲǤͷȂȌͳȂͳǤͷ , ratio ȋ͵ȂȌ͹Ȃͳ͵, base narrowly cuneate, apex tapering into a bristle-like acumen, coriaceous, not bullate, upper side green, slightly glossy, lower side paler green, dull, margin thickened, distantly serrulate; venation: midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins numerous, Ǥͳ apart, straight, more prominent above than below, more or less at a right angle with the midrib, intermediate lateral veins absent, tertiary venation indistinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, pendulous, usually unbranched, lax, its main axis (5– )9–20 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; bracts persistent, Ž‹‡ƒ”ǡ͵Ȃ͸Ž‘‰Ǣ ›—Ž‡•ͷȂʹͲƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͷǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel (5–)7–10(– 13) mm long, articulated at 1–4 mm from the base; sepals oblong to narrowly elliptic, ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡” ͸Ȃͻ š ȋͳȂȌʹȂ͵ ǡ ‹ ˆ”—‹– ͸Ȃͳʹ š ͵ȂͶ ǡ „ƒ•‡ ”‘—†‡†ǡ apex obtuse; petals obovate, 6–10 x 3–6 mm, cuneate at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6(–8) mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 cm long. Fruit: ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ʹȂ͵Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳȂ͵™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡” receptacle, ovoid, 7–9 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species is easily recognized by its very narrow leaves. In that sense it resembles C. glomeratum and C. louisii, but can be easily distinguished by its numerous parallel main lateral veins and long and linear stipules. A 3.7 Materials and Methods B ‹‰—”‡ͳͺǤ Campylospermum lecomtei. A. Main lateral veins. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹͲ. Distribution of Campylospermum lecomteiȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum longestipulatum ( ) 3 ’Ǥͳͷ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͷͺ Distribution: southern Republic of the Congo, south-western Democratic Republic of the Congo (Bas-Congo) and Angola (Cabinda) (Map ʹͲ). Ecology: understory of primary and secondary forest; on granitic or dry soil; no exact altitudinal data known, but probably at 100–600 m. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ ƒ—ƒ”›–‘’”‹Žǡ —‡ǡ—‰—•–ǡ‘˜‡„‡” and December. Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘: Ditsasa ya gumba (Mayumbe). IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ȌǤ α͸ͶǡͲͺͷ 2ǡ αʹͷǡͷ͹ͷ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͶͲ ȌǤ Ž–Š‘—‰Š C. lecomtei has a fairly small distribution range, it does not appear to be rare, since a fair amount of specimens (42) have been collected. Still, the most recent collection dates from 1992. Moreover, the species occurs mainly outside protected areas in regions where logging activities are common, which is why the category of Near Threatened has been assigned. Specimens examined:  , Cabindaǣƒ›‘„‡ǤͶιͶͺǯͳʹιͷͲǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡDawe 223 (K); Belise-Maiombe. 4°39’S 12°46’E, 14 February 1914 (fr), Gossweiler 6959ȋ ȌǢ‡Ž‹œ‡ǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶ͸ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 8180 (K,LISC).  ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Congo, Mayumbe. 4°30’S 12°30’E, 7 January 1977 (st), Bitsindou, I. s.n. ȋȌǢ‹‘‹ƒǤͶιͳͶǯͳʹιʹ͸ǯǡ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡCusset 763 (P); après le carrefour de Makaba ancienne ”‘—–‡†‡‘—ŽƒǤͶιͲͺǯͳʹιʹʹǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡCusset 784 (K,P); environ de Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 6 March 1980 (fr), Cusset 920 (P); environ de Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 25 April 1986 (st), Foresta 939 (P); ‡˜‹”‘•†‡‹‘‹ƒƒ˜ƒ–—‹Ž‹ŽƒǤͶιͳͶǯͳʹιʹ͸ǯǡͳͲƒ” ŠͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡCusset 1026 (P); Mayombe. 4°32’S 12°06’E, 1 May 1951 (st), Koechlin 1885 (P); village de Boungonlo, Mayombe Kakamoeka, route SFN. 4°07’S ͳͳιͷ͹ǯǡ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. 1930ȋȌǢƒ›‘„‡ǤͶιͳʹǯͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡMakany 2069ȋȌǢ”‘—–‡†— Šƒ–‹‡”†‡‘—‰‘Ž‘ȋƒƒ‘‡ƒȌǡ’‘‹–‡‘‹”‡ǤͶιͲ͹ǯͳͳιͷ͹ǯǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡ Farron 4906 (P); Louvoulou, chantier forestier (Mayombe), Pointe noire. 4°21’S 12°08’E, 4 February 1966 ȋϐŽȌǡFarron 4970 (P); Les Sara. 4°22’S 12°22’E, 30 June 1989 (st), Dechamps 13205 (WAG); Les Sara. 4°22’S ͳʹιʹʹǯǡ͵Ͳ —‡ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDechamps 13221ȋȌǢ‹–ƒ„‹ǤͶιͲͳǯͳʹιͳͳǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLecomte, P.H. A 46 (P); ±‘—‘—: village de Mayéyé, route de Doudou. 3°41’S 13°38’E, 12 February 1965 (st), Bouquet, A. 1240 (P); Monts Ndoumou, après le village d’Isiélé. 3°23’S 13°38’E, 10 October 1965 (st), Bouquet, A. 1768 (P); chantier de Manderi, 20 km S.E. de Sibiti. 3°45’S 13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4535 (P); Moussoumo à 35 km ESE Sibiti, non loin de la Bouenza. 3°45’S 13°35’E, 28 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4542 (P); 4 km W, grandbois route forestière. 3°50’S 13°25’E, 24 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4609 (P); Pool: Bangou. 3°58’S 14°26’E, 16 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡBitsindou, M. 73 (BRLU); piste Meya-Mpassa. 3°53’S 14°30’E, 28 April 1965 (fr), Farron 4089 (P).  ȋ  Ȍ, Bas-Congoǣ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡHombert 5 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHombert 10 (BR,K); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 27 February 1951 (fr), Hombert 11 (BR); Réserve de la Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 6 August 1959 (fr), Compère 34 (BR,K); Sandanda. 5°34’S 13°07’E, ͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDonis 73ȋȌǢ—‹ȋ——ŽƒȌǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͵ —‡ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡHombert 142 (WAG); M’Vuazi (Thysville). 5°15’S 14°52’E, 9 April 1958 (st), Dubois, J. 261 (EA,WAG); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 April ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWagemans 491ȋǡȌǢ ‹„‹’Žƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡToussaint, L. 649 (BR); Monzi. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 8 January 1955 (st), Wagemans 929 (BR,K); Zema:Mayombe. 5°29’S 13°03’E, 4 April 1919 (st), Vermoesen 1943ȋǡȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡDonis 2128 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 27 February 1952 (st), Hombert 2211ȋȌǢƒ‹Ǧ„ƒ—ǤͶιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ιͲ͹ǯǡͶ—‰—•–ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡ Breyne, H. 2684ȋȌǢ—•ƒ‰ƒǦ—†‹Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͳʹιͷ͹ǯǡʹʹ —‡ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 3374 (BR); Kisantu. 5°08’S ͳͷιͲ͸ǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡCallens 4679 (BR); Kinshasa: Maluku, Balumu, rivière Bombo. 4°03’S 15°33’E, 8 January 1967 (fr), Breyne, H. 335 (BR). Key literatureǣ ƒ’• Ƭ ƒ””‘ ȋͳͻ͸͹Ȍǡ ‡ ‹Ž†‡ƒ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǡ š‡ŽŽ Ƭ ‡†‘­ƒ (1951), Farron (1963, 1985). 3.7 Materials and Methods Campylospermum longestipulatum (De Wild.) Biss. Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea longestipulata‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͶͻʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ Type: Zenker 3577 (holotype: BR!; isotype: E!, G!, S!, US!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1908. Ouratea cella ‹Ž‰‡š‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͶͻʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǡ‘Ǥ—†Ǥ Treelet up to 3 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules persistent, ƒ””‘™Ž›–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡͳͶȂͳ͹Ž‘‰. Leaf: petiole 3–10 mm long, fairly slender to stout, generally canaliculate above; leaf blade narrowly elliptic or narrowly ellipticobovate oblong-elliptic, ȋͳͲȂȌͳʹȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌ š ȋ͵ǤͷȂȌͶȂ͸ȋȂͻȌ , ratio ʹȂ͵Ǥͷ, base cuneate, decurrent onto the petiole, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous, bullate, margin serrulate in the distal half, generally entire in the basal, upper side glossy, dark green, glossy, paler green beneath; venation: midrib strongly prominent on both sides, ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ȋͳͲȂȌͳͷȂʹͲȋȂʹ͵Ȍ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͹ȂʹͲƒ’ƒ”–ǡ± at a right angle with midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main lateralsǡϐŽƒ––‡‡†„‡‡ƒ–Šǡ•ŠƒŽŽ‘™Ž›‹’”‡••‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched, dense, ‹–•ƒ‹ƒš‹•ʹȂͶ Ž‘‰; peduncle robust; pairwise scales triangular, persistent at the base of the peduncle; cymules only ͳȂʹƒ’ƒ”–, with 1 or 2 broadly triangular bracts at their base. Flower: pedicel 11–13(–20) mm long, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ƒ– ͵Ȃͷ  ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡Ǣ •‡’ƒŽ• ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡” ͸Ȃͺ š ͵Ȃ4 mm, in fruit 12–13 x 3–5 mm, base rounded, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 9–12 x 7–9 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm, style 5–6 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳšͳ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ ǤͶšʹ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘ʹ™‡ŽŽ developed per receptacle, reniform, c. 8 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. sulcatum, because of its bullate Ž‡ƒ˜‡•ƒ†—„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ ‘’ƒ –‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ – ƒ„‡†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ––‡” by its long and persistent stipules, its generally more numerous main lateral veins and its indistinct tertiary venation. De Wildeman (1929) highlights the fact that some specimens of C. longestipulatum ™‡”‡ ϐ‹”•– †‹•–”‹„—–‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Š‡”„ƒ”‹— ‘ˆ ‡”Ž‹ under the name Ouratea cella Gilg, a manuscript name present only on herbarium labels and never formally published. He did not use that name because some specimens of O. cella were confused with those of C. oliverianum (see note under C. sulcatum). Quit some material placed here under C. longestipulatum ™ƒ• ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† ƒ• C. oliverianum by Farron. However, the type specimen of that name clearly belongs to C. sulcatum. Distribution: coastal regions of Cameroon and northern Gabon (Map ʹͲ). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, high forest, littoral forest, forest along streams; at 50–530 m altitude. 3 ’Ǥͳͷͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ǡƒ” Šǡ —‡ƒ†—‰—•–Ǣˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ February to April and in October and December,. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ α͵ͺǡ͸ʹ͹ 2ǡ αʹʹǡͶͶͺ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͹ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͷ͵ȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–•”‡ ‡– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘‹•ˆ”‘ʹͲͳͲƒ†•‘‡ of its locations occur in protected areas such as the Crystal Mountains National Park in Gabon and the Mount Elephant and Edea Reserves in Cameroon, it has a fairly small distribution area and is only known from 21 collections from 17 localities. Therefore, the category of Near Threatened seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥͳ͸Ͳ , Littoralǣ†‡ƒ‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡ƒ”ƒ‡‹••‘‰‘Ǥ͵ι͵ͷǯͻιͷͶǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 298 (C,K,WAG); South Province: Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N 10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1207 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N 10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1208 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.08’N 10°01.40’E. Alt: 73m, 27 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1215 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini. 2°14.4’N 10°10.7’E. Alt: 220m, 19 February 2000 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou 2609 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini, Forest ƒŽ‘‰”ƒ•‡ –ͷǤʹιͳͷǤʹǯͳͲιͳͳǤʹǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳ͵ —‡ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2945 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Ž‡’Šƒ–‘–ǡ‡ƒ”•–‘‡ —––‡”• Ž‹ˆˆƒ–•—‹–ǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳͲιͲͳǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳ͹’”‹ŽʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3354 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1908 (fr), Zenker 3577 (BM,BR,E,G,S,US,W); SE slopes of Mt. Elephant, SE of Kribi. 2°47’N 10°01’E. Alt: 200m, 26 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6414 (MO,WAG); Summit of Mt. Elephant, SE of Kribi. 2°48’N 10°00’E. Alt: 300m, 13 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6543 (BAS,MO,P,WAG,YA); Bipindi 4 km N of town, E of Memel road, on low mountain. 3°06’N 10°24’E, 9 April 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6768 (BAS,MO,WAG); 20 km SE. of Kribi, E. slopes of Mt. Elephant. 2°47’N 10°01’E, 22 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7249 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,WAG); 40 km S. of Kribi, Campo road. 2°40’N 9°52’E, 25 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7273 (WAG); 40 km S of Kribi, Campo road. 2°40’N 9°52’E, 25 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7275 (BAS,K,MO,P,WAG,YA); 20 km E. of Kribi, along road to Ebolowa. 2°50’N 10°01’E, 19 March 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8094 (MO,WAG); Massif des Mamelles. 2°26.7’N 9°54.9’E. Alt: 260m, 19 April 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou MMX 126 (WAG); South-West Provinceǣƒ–—”‡”ƒ‹ˆ‘”‡•–ƒ–•‘—–Š‡”‡†‘ˆ‘”—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡƒŽ‘‰–”ƒ•‡ –Dzdzƒ†‹ ʹͷ •–—†›’Ž‘–ǤͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͳǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͳͲƒ” Šͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 5853 (MA,MO,P,WAG). , Estuaireǣƒ–‡”ˆƒŽŽ•‹–Š‡ Š‹„±Ž±‹˜‡”ǤͲι͵͹ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷ—‰—•–ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler; Wilde 52 (BR,MO,P,WAG); c. 40 km east of Ntoun. 2 km north of Grand Route off logging road. 0°21.66’N 9°58.38’E. Alt: 200m, 22 October 2000 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3115 (MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Crystal mountains, 3 km E of Tchimbélé. 0°38’N 10°26’E. Alt: 530m, 27 December 1989 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 301 (WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, le long de la rivière Mbé, piste après la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 971 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). Campylospermum louisii Bissiengou & Sosef Blumea 53: 627 (2008). – Type: A.M. Louis 2849 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!, MO!), Gabon, Estuaire Province, route Tchimbélé vers Kinguélé à 19.6 Km, February 23rd, 1988. Treelet up to 1.5 m high, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules: persistent, narrowly triangular, c. 3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 1.5–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly to very narrowly elliptic, ͻǤͷȂʹͺšͳǤ͵ȂʹǤͶ , ratio ͶǤͷȂͳͷ, base cuneate to attenuate, apex long tapering and sometimes mucronulate at the very tip, papyraceous, not or slightly bullate, margin entire to serrulate with distant, reduced teeth, upper surface glossy dark green, lower surface greenish; venation: midrib prominent but running 3.7 Materials and Methods through a gully on the upper surface, prominent on the lower, main lateral veins ȋͳʹȂ ȌͳͷȂʹͲ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͷȂͳʹƒ’ƒ”–, more or less at right angles with midrib but strongly curved up toward the margin, prominent on both surfaces, intermediate lateral veins absent, tertiary venation scalariform towards the margin but reticulate towards the midrib, scalariform venation perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, slender, lax, its main axis (4–)7–18 cm long; racemes 1–4, 2–6 cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, minute; ›—Ž‡•ͳȂʹǤͷ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͵ȋȂͶȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –• ƒ†— ‘—•ǡƒ””‘™Ž›–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡͳȂʹ mm long. Flower: pedicel 3–10 mm long, articulating at 1–5 mm from the base; sepals ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡͷȂ͸šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵ȂͺšͳȂ͵‹ˆ”—‹–ǡƒ’‡š”‘—†‡†Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘– observed; stamens not observed; ovary c. 0.5 mm high; style 3 mm long. Fruit: receptacle accrescent to a ± globose shape; drupelets only 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ‡ŽŽ‹’•‘‹†ǡͷȂͻšͶȂ͹ǡ‰”‡‡–—”‹‰’‹ȋ’”‡•—ƒ„Ž›‹ƒ–—”‡Ȍƒ†ϐ‹ƒŽŽ›„Žƒ Ǣ ‘–›Ž‡†‘•‹ —„‡–ǡ‘”‡‘”Ž‡••‡“—ƒŽǤ Notes: The similarity to and distinction from C. laeve was already discussed in Bissiengou & Sosef (2008). Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Map ʹͳ). ƒ’ʹͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum louisiiȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum lunzuense ( ) Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at 500–650m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰‹ ‡„”—ƒ”›Ǣˆ”—‹–‹‰‹ƒ” Šǡƒ›ƒ†‘˜‡„‡”Ǥ Vernacular name: Gabon: Alen-opwbon (Fang). IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ αͻǡͻͳʹ 2ǡ α͹ǡͷͲͻ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͲ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͵͵ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‘ —”•ƒ–Š‹‰Š‡”ƒŽ–‹–—†‡•‹–Š‡”›•–ƒŽ‘—–ƒ‹•ƒ†–Š‡ 3 ’Ǥͳ͸ͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods Bélinga Mountains in Gabon where logging activities are rare, although there is some threat for habitat destruction by mining activities. The Vulnerable category is assigned based on the fact that it has a limited distribution and is only known from 10 localities. Specimens examined: 3 ’Ǥͳ͸ʹ , Estuaire: Monts de Cristal, Mbe National Park, on slope (steep) of Mt. Mbilan-ridge. 0°28.2’N 10°15.4’E. Alt: 650m, 5 April 2005 (fr), Leal, M.E. 499 (MO,WAG); route Kingélé vers Tchimbélé à 19,6 km. Ͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳͻǯǡʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 2849 (LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 49030m on transect G. 0°31’N 10°25’E, 3 May 2001 (fr), Wilks AP 3445 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: route Bélinga, 21 km après village Zadié. 0°53.1’N 13°10.2’E. Alt: 535m, 11 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1128 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village Mbondo. 0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1154 (LBV,WAG); Station I.R.E.T. (M’Passa Field Station), 10 km S de Makokou sur la riviere Ivindo. 0°30’N 12°45’E. Alt: 500m, 12 May 1985 (fr), Dorr, L.J. 4230 (BAS,MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Near Lara River, close to Otouk village on rd. MitzicMédouneu. 0°49’N 11°25’E, 7 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 463 (WAG); Crystal mountains, ½ km SW of Tchimbélé. 0°37’N 10°24’E. Alt: 520m, 27 January 1990 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 472 (LBV,WAG); c. 8 km SSW of ‹–œ‹ ǡ ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤͲιͶʹǤͻǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͶ͹ǡ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 668 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 12 February 2010 ȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 952 (LBV,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou & Sosef (2008). Campylospermum lunzuense (N.Robson) Biss. Fig. ͳͻ Campylospermum lunzuensis (N.Robson) Biss., Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea lunzuense N.Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 36: 38 (1962). – Gomphia lunzuense (N.Robson) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 47 (2005). – Type: Bullock 3877 (holotype: K!), Zambia, Lunzua River, 19 miles west of Abercorn, 1951. Treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched stem; twigs spreading, wiry, with whitish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ȋͶȂȌ͹Ȃͳ͵ȋȂͳͻȌ š ȋͳǤͷȂȌʹȂ͵ǤͷȋȂͶǤͷȌ , ratio ͵ǤͷȂ͸Ǥͷ, base attenuate, apex slightly acuminate or sometimes acute, mucronate, coriaceous to parchmentaceous, not bullate, upper side slightly glossy, dark green, lower side medium green, margin spinose-serrate, entire towards the base; venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 3–12 on either side, 15–30(–70) mm apart, at a ± right angle with the midrib but strongly curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform along the margin and perpendicular to the midrib but reticulate towards the midrib, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched or branched, dense to lax, its main axis 1–8 cm long, slender; pairwise scales caducous; racemes 0–3, 1–6 cm long; cymules 1–5 mm apart, ʹȂ͸ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –•’‡”•‹•–‡–ǡ–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡͳȂͳǤͷŽ‘‰ǤFlower: pedicel ͻȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌ mm long, articulated at ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ͹ȋȂͳʹȌ mm from the base; sepals narrowly ovate, ͸Ȃ͹šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͹ȂͺšʹȂͶ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡƒ’‡š‘„–—•‡–‘”‘—†‡†Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ 6–9 x 3–4 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm high; style 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ǤͳŽ‘‰‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡͶšͶ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ drupelets 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle, cylindric-ellipsoid, 7–8 x 5–5.5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, ± similar in size. 3.7 Materials and Methods Notes: C. lunzuense was synonimized with C. reticulatum by Farron (1965) without Œ—•–‹ϐ‹ ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹–†‹ˆˆ‡”•ˆ”‘C. reticulatum by having a spinulose-serrate leaf ƒ”‰‹ǡ’‡†‹ ‡Ž•–Šƒ–ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›— ŠŠ‹‰Š‡”—’ǡ‘ˆ–‡ƒ†‡•‡”‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ and its cotyledons being similar in size. Therefore, we agree with Verdcourt (2005) in recognizing C. lunzuense as a distinct species. C. lunzuense is also similar to C. warneckei from which it differs by having a spinulose-serrate leaf margin and pedicels articulated well above the base. Distribution: western Tanzania, northern Zambia, with one collection in south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ʹͳ). Ecology: in riverine forest, sometimes on steep river banks, in dry gallery forest and evergreen rain forest; at 900–1524 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ ƒ›ǡ —‡ and from August to October; fruits observed in May, June and from August to November. IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹͷʹǡͲ͸Ͷ km2ǡ αͷʹǡ͵ͳʹ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳͷ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͹ʹȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‘–ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› collected (only 21 specimens known) and hence seems to be fairly rare. It has not been collected since 1993. However, the area of occupancy is fairly large as is the number of locations. Some specimens come from National Parks such as the Gombe National Park in Tanzania, Lunzua in Zambia and some from a Forest Reserve near the Mbala ‹‰—”‡ͳͻǤ Campylospermum lunzuense. ͳ. Floering branch. ʹ. Flower. ͵Ǥ –ƒ‡Ǧϐ‹Žƒ‡–• Hills. Therefore, the category Least Concern and gynoecium. A4. Fruit with one remaining drupelet. ͷ. Vertical section of drupelet. Modiseems most suitable. Specimens examined: ϐ‹‡†ˆ”‘ Ž‘”ƒƒ„‡•‹ƒ ƒǤƒ„ǤͶ͹Ǥͳͻ͸͵Ǥ   ȋ  ASA), Katanga (Shaba): pont de la Kalule Nord, route Kolwezi à Luéna. 9°29’S 25°30’E, 22  –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSchmitz, A. 6689 (BR).  , Kigomaǣ ‘„‡ •–”‡ƒ ƒ–Ǥ ƒ” ‡‡ ƒŽŽ‡›Ǥ ͶιͶʹǯ ʹͻι͵͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͳͶǡ ͵ͳ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸ͻ ȋϐŽǡ fr), Clutton-Brock 174 (EA); Gombe stream Nat. Park Mkenke Valley. 4°42’S 29°36’E. Alt: 914m, 20 August 1969 (fr), Clutton-Brock 253 (BR,EA); Gombe stream Nat. Park Mkenke Valley. 4°42’S 29°36’E, 26 September 1969 (fr), Clutton-Brock 285 (EA); kabogo Mts. 5°27’S 29°48’E. Alt: 1150m, 21 June 1963 (st), Toyoshima 578 (EA); Rukwa: Mahali Mts, Kasogo. 6°09’S 29°45’E, 21 November 1953 (fr), Uehara 183 (EA); Nyamansi River 25 mls North of Mpanda. 6°00’S 31°01’E, November 1954 (fr), Procter 301 (EA,FHO); Nyamansi River 25 mls North of Mpanda. 6°00’S 31°01’E, September 1961 (fr), Procter 1947 (EA); Kungwe-Mahali, Peninsula. Highland between Pasagulu ƒ†—•‡ƒ„ƒ–—Ǥ͸ιͲͲǯ͵ͲιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹͶǡͺ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡHarley, R.M. 9221 (B,BR,S); Mbala Hills, Kapapa. 6°48’S 31°22’E. Alt: 1200m, 27 October 1959 (fr), Richards, M.A.E. 11555 (K). ZAMBIA, ‘”–Š‡”: Abercorn distr.in Lunzua Falls. 8°57’S 31°09’E, 26 October 1952 (fr), Robertson, R.G. 173 3 ’Ǥͳ͸͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods ȋȌǢ „‡” ‘”Ǥ ͺιͷͲǯ ͵ͳιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͶ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Lawton 982 (FHO,K); Abercorn. 8°50’S 31°23’E, 11 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLawton 1429 (FHO); Mpulungu-Abercorn, near Lunzua Falls. 8°56’S 31°09’E, 17 September ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡBullock, A.A. 3336 (K); Lunzua River, 19 miles west of Abercorn. 8°50’S 31°03’E. Alt: 1219m, 14 May 1951 ȋϐŽȌǡBullock, A.A. 3877 (BR,K); Ulungu, village Uechinda. 8°46’S 31°07’E, 11 November 1948 (st), Brédo, HJAER 6236 (BR); Ulungu, village Uechinda. 8°46’S 31°07’E, 11 November 1948 (st), Brédo, HJAER 6266 (BR); Chinsali, ˆ”‘ƒ–Š‹ŽŽ–Š‹ Š‡–•‘–Š‡”‹˜‡”ϐŽƒ–•ǤͳͲι͵Ͳǯ͵ʹιͲͳǯǡʹ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋˆ”ȌǡFanshawe 10184 (LISC); Abercorn †‹•–”‹ –ƒ„‘˜‡—œ—ƒ ƒŽŽ•Ǥͺιͷ͹ǯ͵ͳιͲͻǯǡʹͶ —‡ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 10200 (BR,EA,K); Abercorn District, •‘‘˜ƒŽŽ‡›ǡ™ƒ„‡•Š‹‹˜‡”ǤͺιͶͺǯ͵ͳιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 13193 (BR); Š‘†‡•‹ƒ„‘”Ǥ‘”‹‡Ǥǣƒ†ϐŽ—˜‹——œ—ƒǤͺιͶͷǯ͵ͳιͳͲǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͳȋ•–ȌǡFries, R.E. Centr.Afr. 1226 (UPS). Key literature: Exell et al. (1963), Robson (1963), Verdcourt (2005). 3 ’Ǥͳ͸Ͷ Campylospermum lutambense (Sleumer) Biss. Campylospermum lutambensis (Sleumer) Biss., Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea lutambense Sleumer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 278 (1936). – Gomphia lutambense (Sleumer) Verdc. Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 52 (2005). – Type: Schlieben 6110. (holotype: B†; isotype: BR!, G!, Z!), Tanzania, 50 km W. Lindi, Lake Lutamba, Noto Plateau, March 9th, 1935. Tree up to 4 m tall, rarely scandent, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic or elliptic-obovate, ͳͲȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌš͵Ȃ͸ȋȂͺǤͷȌ , ratio ʹǤʹͷȂ ͵Ǥʹ, base rounded, apex blunt to rounded, coriaceous, not bullate, margin entire to distantly serrulate, upper side very glossy, dark green, lower side glossy bright green; ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–„‡Ž‘™ǡƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ͳͶȂ͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌ on either side, ͶȂͻƒ’ƒ”–, making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upwards, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation reticulate, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched or sometimes with 1 or 2 short racemes, robust, its main axis (4–)6–9(–13) cm long; racemes ͲȂʹǡc.ͳȂͳǤͷ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales caducous; cymules ͳȂͷƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͸ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†; bracts persistent, triangular, 1–1.5 mm long. Flower: pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at 1 mm from the base; sepals ovateǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͸š͵ȂͶǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͹š͵ȂͶǢ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„Ž‘‰Ǧ•’ƒ–Š—Žƒ–‡ǡͻȂͳͲšͷ, truncate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style c. 5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 6 mm thick; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, reniform, 7 x 5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species was previuously only known from south-eastern Tanzania, but recently a single specimen from south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga prov.) was dicovered. It is similar to C. †‡•‹ϔŽ‘”— by having thick and coriaceous, blunt leaves, but the prominent main lateral veins and especially the striking reticulate tertiary venation readily sets it apart. Distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga prov.) and Tanzania (Lindi prov.) (Map ʹʹ). Ecology: in semi-evergreen forest; on grey sandy soil; at 700–1430 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ƒ” Šƒ†‡ ‡„‡”Ǣˆ”—‹–•‹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ƒ†ƒ” ŠǤ IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹Ȍǡ αͳͺǡͺ͹Ͳ 2ǡ αͶ͸ǡͻ͹ʹ 2, 3.7 Materials and Methods Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͶǡ•—„’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•αʹȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͳͷ͵ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‘Ž›‘™ˆ”‘ four collections, and thus seems to be very rare. Its most recent collection is from 2004. Three collections are found in the Rondo Forest Reserve (Tanzania). Althought the AOO suggests a category of Least Concern, this species could be in threat since one of its only two subpopulations is found outside a protected area. Futhermore, collections found in ‘†‘™‡”‡Žƒ•– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†‹ͳͻͻͳƒ†‹–•’”‡•‡ ‡‡‡†• ‘ϐ‹”ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡˆ‘” now, the category of Vulnerable sems most appropriate. 3 ’Ǥͳ͸ͷ ƒ’ʹʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum lutambenseȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum mannii ( ) Specimens examined:  ȋ  Ȍ, Katanga (Shaba): 2.2 km au N. de Tshala (environs de Kolwezi). 10°38.86’S 25°25.77’E. Alt: 1430m, 17 August 2004 (st), Malaisse; Kisimba 15 (BR).  , Lindi: Rondo plateau. 10°07’S 39°13’E. Alt: 700m, 15 February 1991 (fr), Bidgood 1581 (K,NHT); ͷͲǤ‹†‹Ǣ—–ƒ„ƒ•‡‡ǡ‘–‘’Žƒ–‡ƒ—ǤͻιͷͶǯ͵ͻιʹͶǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSchlieben 6110 (BR,G,Z); S face ‘ˆ‘†‘‡• ƒ”’‡–ǡ Š‹Œ‹”‹ǤͳͲιͲͺǯ͵ͻιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ʹǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 6416 (EA,FHO,K). Key literature: Verdcourt (2005). Campylospermum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. ‹‰ǤʹͲ J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (Febr. 1902). – Gomphia mannii Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 321 (1868). – Notocampylum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 2, Bot. 16: 311 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Mann 24ȋŠ‘Ž‘–›’‡ǣǨǢ‹•‘–›’‡ǣ  ǨǡȋʹšȌǨȌǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡBŽ‡ ‡”ƒ†‘Ǧ Po, 1860. Treelet up to 5 m tall, monocaulous; stem with whitish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly ellipticobovate to narrowly spathulate, ͵ͳȂͷͷš͹Ȃͳͷ , ratio ͵ȂͶǤͶ, gradually narrowing into the cordate to auriculate base, apex rounded to acuminate, coriaceous, slightly bullate, margin serrate in the apical half, subentire further down, upper side dull dark 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͸͸ green, lower side glossy bright green; midrib prominent above and below, main lateral ˜‡‹•ʹͲȂʹ͸ on either side, 12–30 mm apart, prominent but running through a gully above, slightly prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib and slightly curved up towards the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1(–2) in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the main lateral veins, joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary, unbranched, denseǢ‹–•ƒ‹ƒš‹•ͺȂʹͷȋȂ͵ʹȌ Ž‘‰ǡƒ‰—Žƒ”–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›ϐŽƒ––‡‡†Ǣ’ƒ‹”™‹•‡• ƒŽ‡• at the base of the peduncle absent; cymules ͲǤ͵ȂͳǤͷȋȂʹǤͷȌ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͻȂʹͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†. Flower: pedicel 8–15 mm long, articulated at 2–4 mm from the base; sepals elliptic to ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ Ǧ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͺȂͻšͶȂͷǡ‰”‡‡ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͳʹȂͳͷš͹ȂͳͲǡ”‡†ǡ ‘”‹ƒ ‡‘—•ǡ apex obtuse, incurved over the drupelets; petals obovate, 11–15 x 6 mm, base truncate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 6–7 mm long; ovary 2 mm high; style c. 6 mm long. Fruitǣ ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ϐŽƒ–ǡ ‡Žƒ”‰‡† ‹ ˆ”—‹– –‘ ͺȂͻ  ‹ †‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǣ †”—’‡Ž‡–• ͳ –‘ ͵ ™‡ŽŽ developed per receptacle, ovoid to ellipsoid, ͺȂͳʹš͸Ȃ͹; cotyledons incumbent, of similar size. Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. klainei (Tiegh.) Farron from Gabon. – ƒ„‡†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†„›‹–•ƒš‹ŽŽƒ”›‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™Š‡”‡ƒ•‹–‹•–‡”‹ƒŽ‹C. klainei. Moreover, C. klaineiŠƒ•”‡†— ‡†Ž‡ƒ˜‡•‘”Ž‡ƒˆ›„”ƒ –•ƒ––Š‡„ƒ•‡‘ˆ‹–•‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ whereas, C. mannii does not. The distribution of the two species does not overlap. Distribution: south-eastern Nigeria (Calabar), Cameroon (West and Southwest prov‹ ‡Ȍǡ ƒ† “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒ ȋ‹‘ ‘Ȍ ȋMap ʹʹ). Ecology: in primary or secondary high forest, A on hill slopes; on iron-rich soil, young volcanic soil or sometimes rocky places; at 100200 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ‹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ǡ ƒ” Š and December; fruits observed in February, March, August and December. IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ α͸͸ǡͺͷͶ 2ǡ αͳͺǡ͹ͳ͹ 2, loca–‹‘•αͳͶȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͶͳȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ• not been collected in the past 10 years and is known from only 15 specimens suggesting it is rare. It occurs in highly disturbed forest and some of its specimens were collected in what B C today are protected areas, like Pico de Basilé ‹‰—”‡ ʹͲǤ Campylospermum mannii. A. Peron the island of Bioco, South Bakundu in Camsistent sepals. B. Flowering branch. C. Fruiting eroon and Oban in Nigeria. Thus, the category branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani of Near Threatened seems most appropriate. 3.7 Materials and Methods Specimens examined: , Central Province: NW de Ndoknabao, à 30 km au SW de Ndikinimeki. 4°34’N 10°38’E, 18 December 1971 (fr), Letouzey 10877 (P); Littoral: Pongo-Songo (Mouanko) Edea. 3°39’N 9°49’E, 8 January 1974 (fr), Mezili 238 (P); Edea. 3°48’N 11°20’E, (fr), Annet 493 (BR); South Province: Nko’Elon, 25 km E. ƒ’‘Ǥ ʹι͵͵ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ͸ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 15310 (P); South-West Province: Njonji. 4°08’N ͻιͲͳǯǡ ͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Mbani, J.M. 26 (K); Idenau. 4°17’N 8°59’E. Alt: 100m, 6 March 1992 (fr), Mbani, J.M. 31 (K,SCA,YA); Njonji. 4°08’N 9°00’E. Alt: 100m, 17 August 1992 (fr), Tekwe 125 (K,SCA,YA); near ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‘ˆŒ‘Œ‹ǤͶιͲ͸ǯͻιͲͺǯǡͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSunderland 1077 (K); south Bakundu F.R. Kendongi. 4°32’N 9°25’E, 14 May 1970 (st), Farron 7292 (P); Kumba Distr. 22 chains on Line 3 east. 4°50’N 9°20’E, 1946 ȋϐŽȌǡEjiofor FHI 14077 (FHI,K).    , Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ ‡”ƒ†‘‘Ǧ‘‘Ǥ͵ι͵ʹǯͺιͶʹǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMann, G. 24 (HUH,K).   , ǣ 2 February 1937 (fr), Rosevear 30/ 78 (FHO); Cross River State: oban district. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 4 March 1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. s.n. (K); Miles from Akoum to Aboutong. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 12 March 1945 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡOnyeagocha FHI 7720ȋ ȌǢ‰‘Œƒ”‘˜Ǥ„‘ƒ„ƒǤ͸ιͲͺǯͻιͲͲǯǡͳʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡKeay FHI 28229 (K); Calabar. Oban Forest Reserve. Orem. 5°36’N 8°35’E, 28 January 1957 (fr), Onochie FHI 36176 (FHO,K); Oban Group Forest Reserve, near Orem village (South East State, Ikpai District). 5°36’N 8°35’E, 8 March 1973 (fr), Latilo FHI 70536 (FHI,WAG). Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Tieghem (1902b), Oliver (1868). Campylospermum nutans (Hiern) Biss. Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. nutans Hiern, Cat. afr. pl. 1: 123 (1896). – Monelasmum nutans (Hiern) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 16, sér. 8: 328 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea nutans (Hiern) Exell, J. Bot. 65, Suppl. 1: 59 (1927). – Type: Welwitsch 4606 (holotype: BM!; isotype: K!), Sao Tomé and Principe, Insula Principes, Pico de Papagais, September 1853. Monelasmum henriquesii Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). Type: Henriques 36 (holotype: COI!), Sao Tomé, August 1903. syn. nov. Treelet, up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caduous, triangular. Leaf: petiole 3–5 mm long, sometimes canaliculate; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, ͺȂͳͻ š ʹȂͷ , ratio ͵ǤͷȂͷ, base cuneate, apex acuminate, papyraceous, not bullate, upper surface slightly glossy dark green, lower surface dull green, margin regularly serrulate; venation: midrib prominent above, slightly prominent below, main lateral veins ͳʹȂͳͷ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͸Ȃͳ͸ƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on both sides, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, lax, its main axis 15–20 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent absent; bracts absent; racemes 1–3, 5–14 cm long, lax and wiryǢ ›—Ž‡•ͲǤͷȂʹ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel ͳͷȂʹͲŽ‘‰, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ƒ– ȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͳͲ  from the base; sepals narrowly ovate, 5–8 x 2 mm in ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͸Ȃͺš͵ȂͶǡƒ’‡šƒ —–‡Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ͸ȂͳͲšͶȂ͸ǡ„ƒ•‡ —‡ƒ–‡ǡ apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 3.5–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm 3 ’Ǥͳ͸͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods high; style 4–8 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 2–4 mm wide; drupelets 1–2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid or ellipsoid-ovate to globose, 7–10 x 5–8 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. 3 ’Ǥͳ͸ͺ Notes: This species is known from only 11 specimens. Although it is close to C. reticulatum, and has originally been described as a variety of that species, I agree with š‡ŽŽȋͳͻʹ͹ǡͳͻͶͶȌ–Šƒ–‹–‹••—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡–Ž›†‹•–‹ ––‘„‡”‡‰ƒ”†‡†ƒ•ƒ•‡’‡”ƒ–‡•’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ It differs from C. reticulatum by having a scalariform tertiary venation, papyraceous leaves and a pedicel articulating further up. Finally, true C. reticulatum seems to be absent from Sao Tomé and Principe, adding a geographical distinction to the whole. Distribution: endemic to Sao Tomé and Principe (Map ʹ͵). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at 150–670 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ‹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ǡ ƒ” Šǡ ƒ›ǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ƒ† ‡ ‡„‡”Ǣ ˆ”—‹–• observed in February, May, September and December. IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋ‹ǡ‹‹ȌǤα͵ͺ͸2ǡαͳǡʹ͸͸2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͺ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαͳͺȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•‘Ž›‘™ˆ”‘ͳͳ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•ƒ†‹–•‘•–”‡ ‡– collection is from 1999. Occurring on only two small islands (Principé and Sao Tomé), its area of occurrence and occupancy are very small, but it does seem to be present in protected areas such as Zona Ecologica in Principe. Therefore, the category of Endangered seems most suitable. ƒ’ʹ͵. Distribution of Campylospermum nutansȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum occidentale ( ) Specimens examined:  2 Ƭ   , Principe Island: Principe Island. 1°37’N 7°24’E, August 1903 (st), Henriques, J.A. 36 ȋ ȌǢ ‹ ‘ †‡ ”‹ ‹’‡Ǥ ͳι͵ͷǯ ͹ιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Joffroy 215 (BRLU); Barriga Brauca ͵   ‘ˆ ƒ”‹ƒ ‘””‡‹ƒǤ ͳι͵Ͷǯ ͹ιʹͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͷ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde (WALG), J.J.F.E. de 362 3.7 Materials and Methods ȋǡ ǡǡǡ ǡ ȌǢ “—‡ ‹’‹Ǥ ͳι͵͸ǯ ͹ιʹͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵Ͳͷǡ ͳͲ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Exell 555 (COI); „‡–™‡‡“—‡‹’‹ƒ†‘””‘†‡•–‡Ǥͳι͵͸ǯ͹ιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͸͸ǡͳͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 560 (BM,BR,COI); —‹–‘ˆƒ’ƒ‰ƒ‹‘Ǥͳι͵͹ǯ͹ιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͹ͳǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 708 (BM,BR,COI); Princés Island. ͳι͵͹ǯ͹ιʹͶǯǡͳͺͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWelwitsch, F.M.J. 4606ȋȌǢ‹ ‘ƒ’ƒ‰ƒ‹‘Ǥͳι͵͹ǯ͹ιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳ͸ƒ›ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽǡ fr), Matos 7749 (LISC); N face of Pico. 1°36’N 7°23’E. Alt: 244m, 30 August 1956 (st), Monod, A.T. 12141 (COI); ‹ ‘‡•ƒǤͳι͵Ͷǯ͹ιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͲͲǡʹͷƒ” ŠͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 550 (BRLU); Cimo de ‘””‘ —†—‘Ǥͳι͵͹Ǥ͹ǯ͹ιʹͶǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣʹͺͲǡʹͷƒ” ŠͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 577 (BRLU). Key literature: Exell (1927, 1944). Campylospermum occidentale Biss. Campylospermum occidentalis Biss., Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Type: Haegens & v.d. Burgt 106 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV), Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime, Rabi-Kounga, road to Divangui, 1°54’S, 9°55’E, December 6th, 1993. Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ͸Ȃͳ͸ š ͳǤͷȂͶǤͷ , ratio ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate, apex slightly acuminate, papery, not bullate, margin entire to serrulate, glossy dark green above, paler green below; venation: midrib slightly prominent above, prominent below, main lateral veins 7–11 on either side, 9–20 mm apart, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 0(–1) but the scalariform tertiary venation producing a series of weaker veins connecting to the midrib, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, very distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis slender, 4–8(–12) cm long; racemes 1–4(–6), 1–7(–11) cm long, held ± horizontally, not seldom with secondary or even –‡”–‹ƒ”›„”ƒ Š‡•”‡†‡”‹‰–Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ ‘”›„‘•‡•Šƒ’‡; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; bracts early caducous; cymules (5–)10–15 mm apart, ͳȂʹȋȂ͵ȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǤFlower: pedicel 4–10(–15) mm, articulated at 1–6 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‰”‡‡‹•ŠǦ›‡ŽŽ‘™ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͸Ȃ͹„›͵Ȃ͵Ǥͷǡ”‡†ǡ apex blunt; petals obovate, 5–11 x 4–7 mm, cuneate at base, rounded to emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 3–4 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 3 mm wide, red; drupelets 1–3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 8 x 5–6 mm, orange to orange-red at maturity; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size. Notes: C. occidentale is close to C. nutans, but it differs by having fewer lateral veins and „›Šƒ˜‹‰„”ƒ Š‡†”ƒ ‡‡•–Šƒ–‰‹˜‡–Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ ‘”›„‘•‡ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡Ǥ The only sheet available with fruiting material seems to present mature drupelets, and the label says these (as well as the sepals) are orange, instead of the normal black ‘†‹–‹‘Ǥ —–—”‡‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘•‡‡†–‘ ‘ϐ‹”–Š‹•ƒ„‡””ƒ–ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Distribution: endemic to Gabon, only found in the coastal plain, in the Ogooué-Maritime (Rabi-Kounga) and Estuaire (Mondah forest and Bikele) provinces (Map ʹ͵). Ecology: primary and secondary, moist forest, near swampy areas; on sandy soil; at 5Ȃ30 m altitude. 3 ’Ǥͳ͸ͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͹Ͳ PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘—‰—•––‘‘˜‡„‡”Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘‘˜‡„‡” to December. IUCN conservation statusǣͳƒ„ȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤαͷͻͷͻ2ǡα͵͵ͺͺ2, locations αͶȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–ŠαʹͻǤͳͲȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡••‡‡•–‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ†‹•Œ— –†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ǡ„—––Š‹• is uncertain because the area between the two occupied areas is not well explored. In a situation involving a disjunct distribution the sliding scale grid size method leads to an overly large estimation of especially the AOO. Some of the occurrences in the vicinity of the capital Libreville are under threat of habitat destruction due to urbanization ƒ†‘˜‡”‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‹•‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–‘Ž‡ƒ†–‘ƒ†‡ Ž‹‡‹–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆ‘ —’ƒ ›ƒ†Ȁ or number of populations or even extent of suitable habitat and hence we propose the category Vulnerable. Specimens examined: , Estuaire: 25 km along the road Libreville-Cap Esterias. 0°32’N 9°23’E. Alt: 5m, 2 September 1978 ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler; Wilde 386 (BR,C,K,LBV,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N ͻιʹͲǯǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 815 (LBV,WAG); 17 km E. of Libreville, S. of Bikelé village. 0°23’N 9°35’E, 7 December 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1201 (WAG); between Cap Santa Clara and Cap Esterias. 0°34’N ͻιʹʹǯǡͳͷ—‰—•–ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1328 (MA,WAG); Forêt de Mondah. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 16 September 1987 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilks 1632ȋǡ ȌǢͳͺ†‡‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιʹͶǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡSaint Aubin 2076 (P); Nyonyie survey, around 1600 m on transect S. 0°02.9’S 9°23.0’E, 3 July 1990 (fr), Wilks 2090 (LBV,MO,P,WAG); ›‘›‹‡ •—”˜‡›ǡ ʹ͹ͳͲ ‘ –”ƒ•‡ – Ǥ ͲιͲ͵Ǥͷǯ ͻιʹ͵ǤͲǯǡ Ͷ —Ž› ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilks 2097 (MO,WAG); Moyen‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné. 0°45.02’S 10°32.48’E. Alt: 24m, 12 October 2012 ȋϐŽȌǡ Bidault 782 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Mabounié. 0°47.48’S 10°30.05’E, 2 November 2012 (st), BoupoyaMapikou 833 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Rabi-Kounga, 4.5km on road to Divangui. 1°54’S ͻιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHaegens 106 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S ͻιͷͳǯǡͳͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 135 (WAG); 1 km on the road Rabi-Divangui. 1°54’S 9°53’E, 25 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9725 (BR,E,HUJ,K,MO,PE,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, Echira road. 2°00’S 9°50’E, ʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10161 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG). Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013). Campylospermum oliveri (Tiegh.) Farron Fig. ʹͳ Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 400 (1965). – Notocampylum oliveri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 311 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea oliveri (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81 (1953). – Type: Thomson 15 (holotype: K!; isotype: E!), Nigeria, Old Calabar, 1862. Gomphia mannii Oliv. var. brachypoda Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 322 (1868). – Ouratea mannii (Oliv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. brachypoda (Oliv.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 258 (1893). – Type: Thomson 15 (holotype: K!; isotype: E!), Nigeria, Old Calabar, 1862. Diphyllopodium zenkeri Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 376 (June 1902). – Campylospermum zenkeri (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 404 (1965). – Type: Zenker 1001 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, L!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet, 1896. syn. nov. Ouratea zenkeri Engl. & Gilg in Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 258 (1904). – Type: Zenker 1001 (holotype: B†; isotype: E!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, L!, P!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet, 1896. syn. nov. Exomicrum oliveri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea 3.7 Materials and Methods ambacensis Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 192–193 (1927), nom. nov. – Type: Mann 12 (holotype: K!), Nigeria, Ambas bay, February 1861. Campylospermum letouzeyi Farron, Adansonia n.s. 9: 117 (1969). – Type: Letouzey 1595 (holotype: P!; isotype: NEU!, SRFK!, YA!), Cameroon, forêt du Mélong près Bouda, March 1953. syn. nov. Treelet, up to 8 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish-brownish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 4–6 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–11 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-obovate, 16–31(–41) x 4–10(–13) cm, ratio ͵ȂͶǤͶ, base rounded to cordate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, papyraceous to coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate in the distal ¼, upper side slightly glossy dark green, lower side glossy medium green; venation: midrib ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡ•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡––‘•—‡ƒ„‘˜‡, prominent below, main lateral veins ͵ͲȂͷͲ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡͷȂʹͷƒ’ƒ”–, not prominent above, prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, distinct, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main lateral veins, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, when axillary composed of a woody peduncle ƒ””›‹‰ ʹ •—„‘’’‘•‹–‡ Ž‡ƒˆ› „”ƒ –• ‘” ”‡†— ‡† Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ– –Š‡ ƒ’‡š ˆ”‘ ™Š‹ Š ƒ ”ƒ ‡‡‡‡”‰‡•ǡ—„”ƒ Š‡†‘””ƒ”‡Ž›™‹–ŠͳȂʹ”ƒ ‡‡•ǡ†‡•‡, its main axis (7– )11–27(–40) cm long, slender, generally naked in its lower third; racemes ͲȋȂʹȌǡ ͳͶȂͳͷ cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of peduncle, triangular, 3–4 mm long; ›—Ž‡•ͳȂͳͲƒ’ƒ”–ǡʹȂͳͲǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǡtypically elongated when mature (up to 10 mm long), sometimes supported by a bract of up to 6 mm. Flower: pedicel 6–12 mm long, •—’’‘”–‡†„› Ǥ͵‹„”‹ ƒ–‡–‹›„”ƒ –•, articulated at 1–2 mm from the base; sepals ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ –‘‘„Ž‘‰ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͶȂ͸šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͹šʹǡƒ’‡š‘„–—•‡Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•„”‘ƒ†Ž› obovate, 6–10 x 5–8 mm, base truncate, apex emarginate; stamens: anthers 2–4 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style c. 3 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ Ǥͳ–Š‹ ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵š͵ mm in fruit; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 7–8 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size. Notes: C. zenkeri and C. letouzey are here regarded as synonyms of C. oliveri. C. oliveri was previously only known from the type specimen collection which was collected during a •–ƒ‰‡™Š‡”‡–Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡™ƒ•‘Ž†‡‘—‰Š–‘‡˜‘Ž˜‡‹–‘ƒ‡™–™‹‰–Š—• ƒ””›‹‰ some leaves. This feature was the only morphological character that distinguished C. oliveri from C. zenkeri and C. letouzeyi. The phenomenon was also studied in –Š‡ϐ‹‡Ž†ȋ‹ C. elongatum and former C. zenkeri and C. letouzeyi), where it could be observed that in ‘˜‡”Ǧƒ–—”‡’Žƒ–•–Š‡‘Ž†ƒ†ˆ‘”‡”Ž›’‡†—Ž‘—•‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒš‹• —”˜‡•—’–‘ˆ‘”ƒ leafy twig. The terminal growth of the primary branch being continued by an axillary bud. This phenomenon is apparently rare, but does not indicate any taxonomic distinction but rather a developmental stage. C. oliveri resembles C. elongatum because of the large leaves with a rounded to cordate 3 ’Ǥͳ͹ͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods „ƒ•‡ƒ†—„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡC. oliveri is a branched shrub or treelet (not monocaulous) with not all leaves crowded apically, has a cylindrical peduncle ȋϐŽƒ––‡‡† ‹ C. elongatum), pedicels articulating at 1–2 mm from the base and Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •Š‘”–Ž›‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‡† ›—Ž‡•™‹–Š—‡”‘—•„”ƒ –••—’’‘”–‹‰–Š‡ϐŽ‘™‡”•Ǥ Distribution: south-eastern Nigeria and Cameroon (South and South-west provinces) (Map ʹͶ). 3 ’Ǥͳ͹ʹ Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on forested slopes, in riverine rain forest; on marshy, sandy and clayish soils; at 20–1000 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ˆ”‘ ƒ—ƒ”› –‘ —‡ ƒ† ˆ”‘  –‘„‡” –‘ ‡ ‡„‡”Ǣ ˆ”—‹–• observed in March, April and June. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ αͷͺǡ͸ͳͳ 2ǡ α͵͹ǡ͹ʹʹ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵ͻ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͶʹ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ˆƒ‹”Ž› ‘ˆ–‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ǡ ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› in comparison to its rather small area of distribution and so appears not to be rare. However, it occurs mainly outside of any protected area. Therefore, it is reasonable to apply the category of Near Threatened. Specimens examined: , Central Province: c. 40 km SSW. of Eséka, S. of Badjob. 3°32’N 10°34’E. Alt: 200m, 9 November 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 3805 (WAG); Right bank Kélé R., left bank tributary, 30 km N. of Eséka, E. of road to Mbanga. 3°50’N 10°49’E, 5 January 1966 (st), Leeuwenberg 7463 (WAG); Mambe près de Boga, 30 km N. •‡ƒǤȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ†‡ƒȌǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳͲιͶ͹ǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 12280 (P); Littoral: 50 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river. 3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 21 November 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1259 (BR,P,WAG,YA); près de Melong, près Nkonsou. 5°07’N 9°57’E, 15 March 1953 (fr), Letouzey 1586 (P); 17 km E. of Kopongo, along road to Masok, right bank Bolobo R. 4°00’N 10°15’E. Alt: 250m, 15 October 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 7000 (P,WAG); route de Douala à Yabassi, 30 km au N. de la bifurcation pour Edéa. 4°24’N 10°00’E, 12 May 1970 (st), Farron 7276 (P); Bakaka, 8 km E. of Ekomtolo (a village 8 km E. of km 11 Nkongsamba-Loum road). 4.50 N 9.56 E. 4°50’N 9°56’E. Alt: 450m, 28 December 1971 (st), Leeuwenberg 9008 (BR,K,WAG); Km 20 Loum-Yabassi, 2 km N. of Solé. 4.37 N 9.48 E. 4°37’N 9°48’E. Alt: 150m, 3 January 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9053 (WAG); Km 1 Solé-Loum. 4.37 N 9.48 E. 4°37’N 9°48’E. Alt: 150m, 4 January 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9066 (WAG); près Yingui II, à 5 km à l’ENE de Yingui. (35 km E. de Yabassi); ȋ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ†‹‹‹‡‹ȌǤͶι͵ʹǤͲǯͳͲιͳͺǤͲǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 10927 (K,P); près ƒ†‡ǡͷƒ—†‡ƒ‰—‹ȋ͵ͷ•–†‡ƒ„ƒ••‹ȌǤȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ†‹‹‹±‹ȌǤͶι͵ͶǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡ ͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 10954 (K,P); South Province: Ebom C2. 3°06.0’N 10°44.6’E. Alt: 690m, March 1997 (st), Gemerden 93ȋ ȌǢ„‹‹„ƒ‰ǡ–‘„‘—Ǥ͵ιͲʹǤ͵ǯͳͲιʹͺǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͷǡͳ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡ Smits, A.P. 182 ȋ  ǡ ȌǢ ‹ϐ‹ƒǡ ͵ιͲͶǯ ͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ —‡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 348 (B,C,G,LD,LY,U,US,WAG); About 1 km along transect, some km E of village Ebimimbang. 3°03’N 10°26’E. Alt: 100m, 20 November 1998 (st), Burgt, X.M. van der 526 (KRIBI,MO,WAG,YA); In the Tropenbos research area. Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E. Ž–ǣͷͷͲǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡElad 605ȋ  ǡ ȌǢ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 1001 (E,G,K,L,P,WAG); ”‘—–‡”‹„‹Ǧ‹†‘— ǡ‡˜‹”‘͸ƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†–‘—ƒǤ͵ιͲ͵Ǥ͵ͻǯͳͲιͳ͸Ǥ͸ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͻͶǡ͵Ͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1237 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, environ 6 km après village Ndtoua. 3°03.39’N 10°16.69’E. Alt: 94m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1238 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, environ 6 km après ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ †–‘—ƒǤ ͵ιͲ͵Ǥ͵ͻǯ ͳͲιͳ͸Ǥ͸ͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͶǡ ͵Ͳ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1239 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.38’N 10°22.94’E. Alt: 79m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1247 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.30’N 10°25.12’E. Alt: ʹʹ͹ǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1252 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.34’N 10°25.10’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1253 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.34’N 10°25.10’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1254 (LBV,WAG,YA); Est. 5 km SSE of Bipindi. 3°04’N 10°25’E. Alt: 120m, 14 January 1987 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡManning, S.D. 1321ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‹’‹†‹ǡ‹ϐ‹ƒ‘—–ƒ‹Ǥ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͲͲǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳ ʹ B C ‹‰—”‡ʹͳǤ Campylospermum oliveri. ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent cotyledons. B. Leaf blade. CǤϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰„”ƒ ŠǤ. Persistent bracts. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹͶ. Distribution of Campylospermum oliveriȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum paucinervatum ( ) 3.7 Materials and Methods  3 ’Ǥͳ͹͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͹Ͷ ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2305ȋ ȌǢ‹’‹†‡ǡ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡZenker 2733 (G); Left bank Nyong River, 30 km S. of Edea, near bridge in road to Kribi. 3°30’N 10°10’E. Alt: 50m, 26 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5569 (WAG); 59 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road, 8 km W. of Bipindi, near Madoungo. 3°04’N 10°20’E, 16 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6358 (WAG); 6 km N. of km 46 Kribi-Lolodorf. 3°05’N 10°15’E, 12 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6520 (WAG); 65 km NE de Kribi. 3°04’N 10°24’E, 27 April 1970 (st), Farron 7173 (P); South-West Provinceǣ„ƒ•ƒ›ǤͶιͳͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͺ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡMann, G. 12 (K,P); environ Bouéa. ͶιͲͻǯͻιͳͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽȌǡAnnet 25 (P); Tiko. 4°05’N 9°22’E. Alt: 18m, 5 January 1926 ȋϐŽȌǡDunlap 171 (K); Limbe, Northern border, just inside Mabeta-Moliwe reserve. 4°08’N 9°16’E. Alt: 180m, ʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1994 (MO,SCA,WAG); Kurume, W of mungo River. 4°55’N 9°29’E. Alt: 250m, ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 5460 (BR,MO,WAG); Kumba, South Bakundu. 4°38’N 9°27’E, 15 May 1970 (st), Farron 7304 (P); Kumba, South Bakundu. 4°38’N 9°27’E, 15 May 1970 (st), Farron 7309 (P); LikombaϐŽƒœ—‰ǤͳͷǦ͵ͷǤǤ˜‘‹ –‘”‹ƒǤͶιͲͳǯͻιͲͺǯǡͳͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡMildbraed 10520 (A,K); along –Š‡‹•’‡ –‹‘’ƒ–Šˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‹˜‡”‹†‘‰ǤǤ ǤǤǡͶι͵Ͳǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBinuyo FHI 35060 ȋǡ ǡȌǢƒ„—‘ ǤǤǡ‘”–Š‡”’ƒ”–‡ƒ”—‡‘˜ƒǢ‹‡ʹǤͶιʹͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡKeay FHI 37401ȋ ǡȌǢ‹ –‘”‹ƒ‹•–”ǤǡǤ‘ˆƒϐ‹ƒǤͶιʹͳǯͻιͳͺǯǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡKeay FHI 37537 (FHI,K).   , Cross River StateǣŽ†ƒŽƒ„ƒ”ǤͶιͷ͹ǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomson, W.C. 15 (E,K); near Awi village ͳͺ‹Ž‡•‘ˆƒŽƒ„ƒ”ǤͷιͳͷǯͺιʹʹǯǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1616 (WAG); lower Enyong. Atan ƒ”‡ƒǤͷιͳ͸ǯ͹ιͷ͹ǯǡͳͻƒ›ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOnochie FHI 33208 (K). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1969, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum paucinervatum Sosef Blumea 52: 15 (2007). – Type: Harris 8338 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: E!, K!, LBV!, MO!), Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime Province, Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon, c. 12 km south of Iguela, May 3rd, 2005. Shrub or treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caducous, narrowly triangular, ͵Ȃͷ  Ž‘‰. Leaf: petiole 0–2 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic or sometimes very narrowly elliptic, ͵ȂͻǤͷȋȂͳ͵ȌšͲǤ͹ȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ , ratio ʹǤͷȂͺ, base attenuate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, the very top apiculate, coriaceous, not bullate, upper side glossy, dark green, lower side slightly paler, green, margin entire in the lower half to lower third, distal part distantly serrulate; venation: midrib slightly prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ͲȂʹȋȂͷȌ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡, ͳͲȂ ͵ͷƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on both sides, branching off in the lower part of the leaf and strongly curved upwards to form a prominent marginal vein which runs just inside the margin of the blade, intermediate lateral veins absent, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, forming a series of numerous veins connecting to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis ʹȂͷȋȂͳͲȌ Ž‘‰; racemes 1–3, up to ͵ Ž‘‰, ending with persistent bracts at the tip; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent or few; bracts persistent at the base of each cymule, triangular, —’–‘ͳǤͷŽ‘‰; cymules ͵Ȃͷƒ’ƒ”–, ͳȂʹǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǥ Flowers: pedicel 7–12 mm long, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base; •‡’ƒŽ•‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ Ǧ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ Ǥͷšʹ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͹š͵‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ”‘—†‡†ƒ–ƒ’‡šǡ ——ƒ–‡ at base; petals broadly spathulate, ͸Ȃͺš͵ǤͷȂͷ, base attenuate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers c. 4 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 3.7 Materials and Methods ά‰Ž‘„‘•‡ǡ Ǥͳ™‹†‡‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‡Žƒ”‰‡†–‘͵Ȃͷ™‹†‡‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳȂʹ™‡ŽŽǦ developed per receptacle, ± reniform, 5–6 mm in diameter; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small external cotyledon. Notes: After publication of this species in 2007, additional specimens from the Republic of the Congo and north-western Angola (Cabinda) have been located. In addition to ™Šƒ– ‘•‡ˆ ‡– ƒŽǤ ȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍ ™”‘–‡ ƒ„‘—– ƒˆϐ‹‹–‹‡• ™‹–Š ‘–Š‡” Campylospermum species (notably C. glomeratum), it is also similar to C. plicatum, which has similar racemes carrying persistent bracts at the top. Distribution: Gabon, Republic of the Congo and north-western Angola (Cabinda) (Map ʹͶ). Ecology: in forest, forest-savanna edges, coastal thicket; on white sand; at 10–40 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ƒ›ƒ†‘˜‡„‡”Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ƒ›ǡ —‡ƒ† August. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀʹȋ‹‹ǡ‹‹‹ȌǤ αͳʹǡͲͺͶ 2ǡ αͻǡͲ͸Ͷ 2, Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͶͺ ȌǤ Š‹• ‹• ƒ ”‡ ‡–Ž› †‡• ”‹„‡† ƒ† ”ƒ”‡ •’‡ ‹‡• ™‹–Š ƒ restricted distribution and habitat. Its oldest record is from 1959 (Angola); its most recent one from 2012. It is known from only 7 herbarium specimens, 3 of which originate from within Loango National Park in Gabon. It is a coastal species and thus subject to habitat loss due to human activities. Therefore, the category of Vulnerable has been assigned. Specimens examined:  , Cabinda: Maiombe, buco Zau. 4°45’S 12°34’E, 19 June 1959 (fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 479 (LISC);   ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: along coast just northwest of Pointe Noire, near Pointe Indienne. 4°41.23’S 11°48.87’E. Alt: 20m, 15 February 2012 (st), M’Boungou 660 (B,BR,IEC,K,MO,P,WAG); Bas-Kouillou, après le pont sur le Kouillou. 4°28’S 11°42’E, 2 July 1986 (fr), Foresta 1022 (P); Pointe Noire, along coast just ‘”–Š™‡•– ‘ˆ ‘‹–‡ ‘‹”‡ǡ ‡ƒ” ‘‹–‡ †‹‡‡Ǥ ͶιͶͳǤ͸ʹǯ ͳͳιͶͺǤͻ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͲǡ ʹͶ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kami, T. 1244 (BR,G,IEC,K,MO,P,US,WAG); , ›ƒ‰ƒ: 16 km ESE of Gamba airport. 2°49’S 10°12’E. Alt: 40m, 9 August 1992 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 1372 (C,FHO,LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km •‘—–Š‘ˆ ‰—‡ŽƒǤʹιͲͲǯͻιʹ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡ͵ƒ›ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 8338 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park 1.5 km southeast of Iguela lodge. 1°55.83’S 9°19.77’E. Alt: 10m, 21 May 2005 (fr), Harris, D.J. 8781 (E,IG,LBV,WAG). Key literature: Sosef et al. (2007). Campylospermum plicatum (Tiegh.) Biss. ‹‰Ǥʹʹ Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Monelasmum plicatum Tiegh., J. Bot (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Type: Griffon du Bellay 296 (holotype: P!), Gabon, Pyrat, October 1863. Monelasmum strictum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Campylospermum strictum (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Type: Guiral s.nǤȋŠ‘Ž‘–›’‡ǣǨȌǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘†—‡‹–‘ǡͳͺͺͷǤsyn. nov. 3 ’Ǥͳ͹ͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͹͸ Monelasmum engleri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Welwitsch s.n. (holotype: COI!), Angola. syn. nov. Exomicrum kouiloui Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Lecomte B.110 (holotype: P!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, bords du Kouilou, January 3rd, 1894. syn. nov. Exomicrum pseudospicatum (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea pseudospicata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 263 (1904). – Type: Vanderyst s.n. (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Moanda, 1891. syn. nov. Ouratea gymnoura Gilg & Mildbr., Wiss. Erg. deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 6: 559 (1913). – Type: Zenker 4682 (holotype: P!; isotype: BR!, MO!, P!, S!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1913. Ouratea goossensii ‡ ‹Ž†Ǥǡ ŽǤ ‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷ͹͸ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ – Type: Goossens 1657 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Yambuya, May 1921. Tree up to ͷ tall, with branched stem; twigs with pale brown bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–4(–6) mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6(–10) mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or narrowly elliptic-obovate ȋ͹ȂȌͻȂͳͺȋȂʹʹȌšȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ͸ȋȂ͹Ȍ , ratio ʹǤͷȂͶ, base cuneate or sometimes obtuse, apex slightly to distinctly acuminate and –Š‡™‹–ŠƒͺȂͳͷŽ‘‰ƒ —‡, papyraceous to parchmentaceous, not bullate, dark green above, paler green below, glossy on both sides, margin almost smooth to very shallowly serrulate, the teeth with a black tip; venation: midrib slightly prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ȋͷȂȌ͹Ȃͳͳon either side, ͹Ȃʹ͸ƒ’ƒ”–, prominent on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but strongly curved upward to run parallel to the margin for a long stretch, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂ͵„‡–™‡‡ each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, joined with cross veinlet, reticulate towards the midrib, distinct above, very distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis ȋ͹ȂȌͳͻȂ͵ͲȋȂͶͳȌ  Ž‘‰; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle caducous, triangular; racemes (1–)4–10, erectopatent, (3–)6–17(–22) cm long, terminating in few persistent bracts; cymules 0.5–1 ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†ǡeach cymule with a persistent, sometimes leafy, triangular, ʹȂ͸ȋȂͺȌŽ‘‰„”ƒ –ƒ–‹–•„ƒ•‡. Flower: pedicel (6–)8–13(–15) mm long, articulated ƒ–ʹȂͷˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡–‘‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹– 7–10 x 3–5 mm, base truncate, apex rounded; petals obovate, 7–9 x 4–6 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged in fruit up to 4–5 mm; drupelets 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid-oblong, 8–14 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. plicatum is readily distinguished by its leaves with a long acumen. It shares the presence of persistent bracts at the tip of each raceme with C. paucinervatum. Ouratea pseudospicata was considered to be a synonym of C. reticulatum by Farron (1965), who gave no reason for his choice. After having studied the type specimen, we conclude that ͳ ʹ B ‹‰—”‡ʹʹǤ Campylospermum plicatum. A. Flowering branch. B. Sterile branch. ͳ Seed, cross section. ʹ. Seed. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹͷ. Distribution of Campylospermum plicatumȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum sacleuxii ( ) 3.7 Materials and Methods A 3 ’Ǥͳ͹͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳ͹ͺ this name indicates the same taxon as C. plicatum. Distribution: Cameroon, southern Central African Republic, Sao Tomé and Principe, “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ ‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‰‘ǡ ‰‘Žƒ ȋƒ„‹†ƒȌǡ ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  Republic of the Congo, and north-western Zambia (Map ʹͷ). Ecology: primary and secondary rain forest, gallery forest, swamp forest, along mangroves; on sandy and brown clay soils; at up to 940 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ”ƒ”‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‰‘: Amamambamamba (Bila), Iliangeta (Kirega), Kosaka (Lingala), Nkolos (Lombole) and Waka (Yambata); Angola: Libambo, Tchitunga. IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͵ǡʹͲͳǡͻͻͲ2ǡαʹǡͺͷͻǡͻͷͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͺͶ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šα͵ͲͶȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ†‹‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒƒ†™‡ŽŽ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† in herbaria indicating it is not uncommon. It is found in National Parks such as Loango ƒ†‘‰ƒ”ƒ‹ ƒ„‘ǡ‘–‡Ž°‹“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡœƒ‰ƒǦƒ‰Šƒ‹–Š‡‡–”ƒŽ African Republic and the Okapi Forest Reserve in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Therefore, the category of Least Concern is most appropriate. Specimens examined:  , ǣ ȋϐŽȌǡ Welwitsch, F.M.J. s.n. (COI); Cabinda: Cabinda-Buco Zau, talhão permanente da Š‹ƒ ƒǤͶιͶͻǯͳʹι͵͵ǯǡͻƒ” ŠͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMurta 3 (COI); Cabinda-Buco Zau, Chiaca, picada de Mizundungo. 4°50’S 12°30’E, 11 September 1958 (fr), Monteiro, R.F.R. 304 (COI); Maiombe. 4°45’S 12°34’E, 22 July 1960 (fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 754ȋ ȌǢƒ‹‘„‡ǤͶιͶͷǯͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 7640ȋ ǡȌǢƒ„‹†ƒǡŠ‹ƒ ƒǤͶιͷͲǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTeixeira, J.M.L.B. 7650 (LISC,LUA). , Central Provinceǣ ‡„‹‡ǡ ˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡   ͳȀʹͲͲ ͲͲͲ ƒ‰ƒ „‘‘Ǥ Ͷιʹͷǯ ͳʹιͳ͵ǯǡ ͻ ƒ› 1959 (fr), Letouzey 1892 (P); South Provinceǣ‹ϐ‹ƒǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡZenker s.n. (G); ‹’‹†‹Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡZenker 85 (B,C,HUH,LD,WAG); Bipinde. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1896 (st), Zenker 1077 (G); Bipinde. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1904 (fr), Zenker 2999 (BM,COI,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,WAG,Z); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡZenker 4389 (B,BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,Z); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1912 (fr), Zenker 4438 ȋǡǡ ǡǡȌǢ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡZenker 4682 (BM,E,G,K,P,W).    , Lobaye: Ngotto, layon L6(5-6 km). 3°58’N 17°10’E, 29 November 1999 (fr), Yongo 279ȋȌǢ‰‘––‘ǡŽƒ›‘͸ȋ͵ǤͷǦͶǤͷȌǤ͵ιͷͻǯͳ͹ιͲͻǯǡͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡYongo 299 (BRLU); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Kongana camp, GHI transect 1 km west of camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 15 December 1993 (st), Harris, D.J. 3990 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͳͶ   ‘ˆ ‹†Œ‘„‘Ǥ ʹι͵Ͷǯ ͳ͸ιͲͷǯǡ ʹ͸ ƒ” Š ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Harris, D.J. 4813 (E); Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of Bayanga. 2°58’N 16°18’E, 6 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7576 (BR,E,WAG).  ȋ Ȍ, KouilouǣͶιʹͻǯͳʹιͳͷǯǡƒ” ŠͳͺͻͶȋϐŽȌǡLecomte, P.H. 110 (P); ±‘—‘—: Région de Kindamba, environs de Kikouimba sur piste de Mâ-Kinzona à 1 km de Mâ. 3°14’S 14°10’E, 4 December 1971 (fr), Sita 3170 (WAG); PoolǣŽƒ–‡ƒ—†‡ƒ–ƒ”ƒ –‡•Ǣ”±‰‹‘†‡‘‘ǤͶιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͷʹǯǡͶ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Néré de 387 (P); Plateau bateké, piste km 46-Maloukou-Tréchot, Mandielé. 4°03’S 15°31’E, 22 October 1968 (fr), Sita 2735 (WAG).   ȋ  Ȍ, ǣ ˜‹”‘ †‡ ‘‰‘Ǥ ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Claessens 129 (BR); Bandundu: Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 12 April 1992 (fr), Masens, B. 561 (BRLU); Buna. 3°14’S 18°59’E, February 1944 (fr), Flamigni 6370 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, 1921 (fr), Vanderyst 10817ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—ǤͶιͲ͹ǯͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻʹʹȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 12306ȋȌǢ‡–”‡‘’‘ƒ„ƒƒ‡–Žƒϐ‹†‹Ǥͷι͵͸ǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹͷȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 15135 ȋȌǢ‡–”‡‘’‘ƒ„ƒƒ‡–Žƒϐ‹†‹Ǥͷι͵͸ǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹͷȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 15170 (BR); Bas-Congo: ‘ƒ†ƒǤͷιͷ͸ǯͳʹιʹͳǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡVanderyst s.n. (BR); Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E, 1891 (fr), Vanderyst s.n. ȋȌǢ ‡˜‹”‘ †‡ ‘ƒ†ƒǤ ͷιͷ͸ǯ ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ —‡ ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Moanda, Boma. 5°56’S ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡBittremieux 42ȋǡȌǢ‡‘’‘Ž†˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͷιͶͻǯͳ͵ιʹͺǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡDacremont 3.7 Materials and Methods 161ȋǡǡ ȌǢ’”°• ‰ƒǡ•Š‡‡ǦƒœƒǤͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ι͵Ͷǯǡʹ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreyne, H. 240 (BR,WAG); 5 ƒ——††ǯ ‰ƒǤͷι͵ʹǯͳ͵ι͵Ͷǯǡͳͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCompère 313 (BR); Leopoldville. 5°49’S 13°28’E, ͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡDacremont 339 (BR,EA,WAG); Banane. 6°00’S 12°24’E, April 1913 (fr), Verschueren, R.C.M. 448ȋǡǡȌǢͷιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ι͵͹ǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡNsimundele 645 (BR); Nyololo, route des caravanes. 5°51’S 13°33’E, 16 September 1980 (fr), Nsimundele 690 (BR); Kanzi. 5°49’S 12°46’E, 8 November 1980 (fr), Nsimundele 795ȋȌǢ‘—–‡ƒŽƒƒŽƒǤͷιͷͲǯͳ͵ι͵͵ǯǡͳͺ —Ž›ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNsimundele 1078 (BR); ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†‡ƒ‹———•—”Žƒ‰”ƒ†‡”‘—–‡†‡‘ƒǦ‘ƒ†ƒǤͷιͷͳǯͳʹι͵͹ǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 1208 (BR); Le long de la nouvelle route Boma et Banane. 5°55’S 12°44’E, 2 February 1957 (fr), Wagemans 1367 (BR,WAG); Route Boma-Banane. 5°55’S 12°44’E, 10 March 1957 (st), Wagemans 1449 (BR,WAG); Vallée †‡Žƒǯ‘ƒ’Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘–±ǤǤǤͷιͷͺǯͳʹι͵͹ǯǡ͵Ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 1686 (BR,K,WAG); Tshikai, route de Boma-Banane. 5°52’S 12°27’E, 13 April 1960 (fr), Compère 1859ȋȌǢ›†‡Ž ‘ǡ”‘—–‡“—‹˜ƒ˜‡”•Ž‡ ϐŽ‡—˜‡†‡’—‹•Ž‡’‘•–‡†ǯ ‰ƒ˜‡”•Ž‡’‘‹–ʹͷǤͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ι͵ͶǯǡͳͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋˆ”ȌǡWagemans 2022 (BR); —‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡDonis 2120 (BR,K,WAG); environ de Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E, ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gillet, J. 3986 (BR); Matadi. 5°49’S 13°28’E, 2 March 1948 (st), Duvigneaud, P.A. 4120 ȋȌǢ ‘ƒ†ƒǤ ͷιͷ͸ǯ ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ ͳ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 27835 (BR); Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E, ͳ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 27870 (BR); Equateur: Boende. 0°13’S 20°52’E, 10 August 1941 (fr), Hulstaert 404ȋȌǢ ‡ŽƒǤͳιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͳ͸ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡDubois, L. 1031 (BR); Botsima, station de recherche. 1°09’S 21°57’E, 28 March 1991 (fr), Dhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 1059ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ–ƒȋ‘“—‹ŽŠƒ–˜‹ŽŽ‡ȌǤͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͷǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 1119 (US,WAG); entre Libenge et Zongo. 4°00’N 18°43’E, (st), Hauman 1664 ȋȌǢƒ„ƒ–ƒǤʹιʹ͸ǯʹʹιͲʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡGiorgi 1676 (BR); Yalikungu-Yongo. 0°44’S 22°38’E, 18 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 5159 (BR,K); Kasai-Occidental: lac Foa. 5°44’S 23°20’E, 24 September 1904 ȋϐŽȌǡ Lescrauwaert 216 ȋȌǢ ‹„ƒ›ƒǡ ”‹˜‹°”‡ —ŽŽ‡†ƒǤ ͸ιͲͲǯ ʹ͵ιʹͷǯǡ ʹͶ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Liben 1797 (BR,G,WAG); Kasai-Orientalǣ‘Ž‡Ǥ͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹ͹ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 263 (BR); Katanga (Shaba): Sokele. 9°55’S 24°36’E, April 1950 (fr), Desenfans 92 (BR,BRLU); Kapanga. 8°21’S 22°34’E, October 1933 ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Overlaet 862 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—ǣ ‡—Ž‹‹Ǧ‹”—‰ƒǤ ͲιͶͷǯ ʹͻιͶͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͲʹǡ ʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kirunda 748ȋ ȌǢ‡••‡ǤͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͶ͸ǯǡʹͶƒ” ŠͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 3173 (BR); Parc National Albert, rive ‰ƒ— Š‡‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιͷͲǯ͵ͲιͲͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͺ —Ž›ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWitte, G.F. de 10849 (BR); Parc National Albert, „›ƒŽ‘•ƒȋ”‹˜ȌƒˆϐŽ—‡–Œ—ƒǡƒˆϐŽ—‡–‡Ž‹‹ǤͲιͶʹǯʹͻιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡͳͺƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11902 (BR); Orientale: Stanleyville. 0°31’N 25°11’E, 15 January 1904 (fr), Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); station †ǯ’—Ž—Ǥͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹͷƒ” ŠͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 18 (BR); Station d’Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 4 April 1981 (fr), Hart, T.B. 26ȋǡȌǢ•–ƒ–‹‘†ǯ’—Ž—Ǥͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡ͸’”‹ŽͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡ Hart, T.B. 29ȋȌǢ‡†ƒǤͳιʹͶǯʹͺι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡMokbondo 379 (MO,WAG); Lenda. ͳιʹͶǯʹͺι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡMokbondo 381 (MO,WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, ͳͲƒ” Šͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 436 (BR); Beondo Lomami riv. 1°42’S 25°03’E, 18 April 1999 (st), Bamps 549 ȋǡȌǢ –—”‹ ˆ‘”‡•–Ǥ ’—Ž—Ǥ ‘– „‹ƒǤ ͳιʹͷǯ ʹͺι͵ͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͹ͷͲǡ ʹͳ ‡„”—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bujo Dhego 591 ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢƒ‹±Ǧ——ŽƒǡÁŽ‡•—”Ž‡ϐŽ‡—˜‡ƒÃ”‡ǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͷι͵͵ǯǡͳʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͸ȋ•–ȌǡLejoly 798 (BRLU); Haut Uele (région de Kilo). 1°50’N 30°09’E, June 1921 (fr), Claessens 944 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Ž–ǣ͹ͷͲǡͶƒ” ŠͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 1086 (K); zone de Mambasa, Ituri Forest. 1°25’N 28°35’E, 15 February 1991 (st), Hart, T.B. 1210 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, May 1921 (fr), Goossens 1657 (BR).    , Rio Muni, Litoral: exploration du Benito. 1°34’N 9°42’E, 29 July 1885 (fr), Guiral s.n. (P); ‹‘—‹ǡ‡Ž‡œƒ•ǣ”±‰‹‘ ‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ‹•‡”„‡”‰•‘ Ǥͳι͵ͳǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡObama 495 (BRLU). , ǣ ͳͺ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Duparquet 59 (P); ǣ l’Ogooué, (st) Klaine 398 (P); Estuaire: Billagone. 0°01’N 9°48’E. Alt: 30m, (st), Thomson, A.P. 3 ȋȌǢ ›”ƒ–Ǥ ͲιʹͲǯ ͻιʹͳǯǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͺ͸͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Griffon du Bellay 296 (P); Mangrove edge 1 km N. of the landing stage of Ovang. 0°29’N 9°31’E. Alt: 5m, 15 ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Reitsma, J.M. 833 (WAG); tanne à partir du débarcadère d’Ovang. 0°30’N 9°31’E, 15 ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 1722 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ž‡ †‡ ‘‹“—‡–Ǥ ͲιͳͷǤͻ͹ǯ ͻι͵͵ǤͶͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͲǡ ͳͳ ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSosef 2744 (LBV,WAG); S of Estuaire du Gabon along Remboué River; British Gas site; ƒŽ‘‰‡™Ž›„—‹Ž–”‘ƒ†–‘†”‹ŽŽǦŠ‘Ž‡—„‡”ʹǤͲιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡʹ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 15434 (MO,WAG); environ de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, October 1912 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 27147 (P); Haut‰‘‘—±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. 1 km du Bai de Jobo. 2°12.95’S 13°51.28’E, 5 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 507 (MO,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, lac près de Žƒ”‹˜°”‡‰‘—‹±ǤͲιͷͲǤͲͷǯͳͲι͵ͳǤ͸͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͻǡͳͺ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBidault 933 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivère Ngounié. 0°48.80’S 10°29.75’E. Alt: 32m, ʹͶ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bidault 983 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de 3 ’Ǥͳ͹ͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͺͲ ƒ„ƒ”±±ǡ”‹˜‡•—††‡Žƒ”‹˜‹°”‡‰‘—‹±ǤͲιͶ͸Ǥͻ͹ǯͳͲιʹͺǤ͸ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͺǡʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBidault 1036 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ayem, SW de Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 12 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1643 (P); Ayem, SW de Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 25 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1873 (P); zone de Mabounié,à environ 45 km au sudest de Lambaréné, rive Est de la Ngounié. 0°49.92’S 10°31.65’E. Alt: 25m, 1 November 2012 (fr), Dauby 3048 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); Mabounié Mine. 0°46.43’S 10°28.18’E. Alt: 22m, 4 May 2012 (fr), Stévart, TOBEB 4162 ȋǡȌǢƒ„‘—‹±‹‡ǡ‡ƒ”–Š‡‰‘—‹±‹˜‡”ǤͲιͶͺǤͺ͵ǯͳͲιʹͻǤͺͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͹ǡͳͳƒ›ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡStévart, TOBEB 4530 (LBV,MO); border of Missanga River near Ndjolé. 0°07’S 10°45’E, 9 May 1992 (fr), Breteler 11397 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: Mabounié, le long de la rivière Ngounié. 0°49.97’S 10°33.50’E. Alt: 86m, 12 October 2012 (st), Sonké 5989 (MO); along stream Ngounie. 0°39.37’S 10°22.93’E. Alt: 22m, 17 October 2012 (st), Sonké 6082 (MO); 0°48.98’S 10°30.40’E. Alt: 49m, 18 October 2012 (st), Sonké 6093 (MO); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: 10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway Bridge, E-W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5588 (BR,G,LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Koumaga. 2°26.5’S 9°50.7’E, 21 November 1990 (st), Nek 386ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢƒ„‹ǡ‡ƒ” Š‹”ƒ‹˜‡”ǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 9734 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ  Š‹”ƒ ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ʹιͲͲǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ ʹ͹  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 10162 (WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Bordamur concession area, some 48 km NE of Mitsic. 1°15’N 11°54’E. Alt: 550m, ʹʹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStrijk 247 (LBV,WAG).   , Ogun StateǣǤǤ‘ˆ•Š‘‡ Žƒ˜‡ǡ•‹–‡‘ˆǤǤ͵ͳǤ ‰ Ǥ͹ιͳ͸ǯͶιͳʹǯǡ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17354 (FHO,K).  2 Ƭ   , ƒ‘ ‘± •Žƒ†ǣ Š‡‹ •‘‡– ‡“—‡‘Ǥ Ͳιͳͷǯ ͸ι͵ͺǯǡ ʹͳ —Ž› ͳͻͻͻ ȋˆ”Ȍǡ Joffroy 36ȋȌǢƒÚ ‘•±ǤͲιͳͺǯ͸ι͵ͺǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡJoffroy 116 (BRLU); Base Pico Maria Fernandes. ͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯ͸ι͵ͺǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOgonovszky 287 (BRLU); Pico Cabumbé. 0°12’N 6°33’E. Alt: 940m, 13 March 2003 (fr), Ogonovszky 410ȋȌǢ‹ ‘ƒ„—„±ǤͲιͳʹǯ͸ι͵͵ǯǡͳͶƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Ogonovszky 414 ȋȌǢ ‘–‡ ƒˆ± ‡–”‡ •’‡”ƒ ƒ ‡ ƒ‰‘ƒ ±Ž‹ƒǤ Ͳιͳ͹ǯ ͸ι͵͸ǯǡ ͳͺ —‰—•– ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Espirito Santo 4054ȋ ǡ ȌǢǯ‰—ƒ†ǯ‰‹Ǥʹͻ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 4674 (LISC); Cabumbé. 0°12’N ͸ι͵͵ǯǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 128 (BRLU). ZAMBIA, ‘”–ŠǦ‡•–‡”ǣƒ„‹ƒ”ƒ’‹†•ǤͳͳιͲͺǯʹͶιͳʹǯǡͳͺƒ›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡMutimushi 3280 (K); source of R. Zambezi. 11°23’S 24°20’E, 13 December 1963 (fr), Robinson, E.A. 6134 (K). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985). Campylospermum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron ‹‰Ǥʹ͵ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400 (1965). – Gomphia reticulata P.Beauv., Fl. Oware 2(12): 22, t. 72 (1810). – Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg, in Engl. & Prantl., ƒ–ǤϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ‡†Ǥͳǡ ǡ͸ǣͳͶʹȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤȂMonelasmum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 8: 216 (1902). – Type: Palisot de Beauvois s.n. (holotype: G!; isotype: G (2x)!), Nigeria, Oware, 1805. Gomphia turnerae Hook.f. ex Planch., London J. Bot. 6: 2 (1847). – Monelasmum turnerae (Hook.f.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea turnerae (Hook.f.) Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Campylospermum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron var. turnerae (Hook.f.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400 (1965). – Type: Turner s.n. (holotype: K!; isotype: K!), Sierra Leone. syn. nov. Gomphia micrantha Hook.f., J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 8 (1862). – Ouratea micrantha (Hook.f.) Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Type: Mann 568 ȋŠ‘Ž‘–›’‡ǣǨǢ‹•‘–›’‡ǣǨȌǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ‡”ƒ†‘‘ǡŽƒ”‡ ‡‡ƒȋͳͺ͸ͲȌǤ Ouratea pellucida De Wild. & T.Durand in T.Durand & De Wild., Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. ‡Ž‰‹“—‡͵ͺȋʹȌǡ‘’Ǥ‡†Ǥǣ͵ͷȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂExomicrum pellucidum (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (Dec. 1902). – Monelasmum pellucidum (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (June 1903). – Type: Dewèvre 1159 3.7 Materials and Methods (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, environ de Stanleyville, December 24th, 1896. Monelasmum afzelii (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea afzelii Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 267 (1904). – Type: Afzelius s.n. (holotype: BM!), Congo. Monelasmum brunneo-purpureum (Gilg) Tiegh. Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea brunneo-purpurea Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 266 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here): Buchholz s.n. (holotype: B†; isotype: A!), Cameroon, Abo, March 1874. Monelasmum unilaterale (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea unilateralis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 268 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here): Conrau 68 (B†; isotype: A! E! P!), Cameroon, Bangwa, 1899. syn. nov. Ouratea intermedia De Wild., Plant. thonn. congol. II: 232, tab. II (1911). – Type: Thonner 180 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!, K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mongende near Dundusana (Mongola), February 12th, 1909. —”ƒ–‡ƒ†‹˜‡”‰‡–‹ϔŽ‘”ƒ‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ„‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͶ͸ʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ›’‡ǣVanderyst 10817 (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, region d’Ipamu (Lukumu), October 1921. —”ƒ–‡ƒ †‹˜‡”‰‡–‹ϔŽ‘”ƒ De Wild. var. brevipedicellata ‡ ‹Ž†Ǥǡ ŽǤ „‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷ͸ͷ (1929). – Type: Lescrauwaert 216 (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lac Fao, September 24th, 1904. Ouratea luanoensis ‡ ‹Ž†Ǥǡ ŽǤ „‡“—ƒ‡”–Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷͻ͵ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ Ȃ ›’‡ǣ Vanderyst 2672 (holotype: BR!; isotype: EA!,K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Luano, November 28th, 1913. Ouratea variifolia‡‹Ž†ǤǡŽǤ„‡“—ƒ‡”–ǤͶǣͷͳ͸ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ›’‡ǣBates 504 (holotype: BM!; isotype: BR!), Gabon, Como R., 60 mi above Gaboon, 1896. Ouratea sp., Consp. Fl. Angolensis: 297 (1951). – Type: Gossweiler 9015 (holotype: LISC!; isotype: BM!), Angola, Cabinda, N’Baco, rio Luali-Chiloango, 1923 Tree or treelet, —’ –‘ ʹͲ  –ƒŽŽ, „‘Ž‡ —’ –‘ ͵ͷ ǡwith branched trunk; twigs with whitish brown bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, ʹȂͳ͵ mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–10 mm long; leaf blade narrowly ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ‘”•‘‡–‹‡•ƒ””‘™Ž›‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ Ǧ‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡȋͷȂ ȌͳͲȂͳ͹ȋȂʹ͵Ȍ š ȋͳǤͷȂȌ͵ȂͷȋȂͺȌ , ratio ȋʹǤͷȂȌ͵ǤͲȂ͸Ǥͺ, base cuneate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, papyraceous to coriaceous, not or rarely slightly bullate, margin serrulate, often indistinctly so, sometimes entire towards the base, slightly glossy dark green above, glossy medium green below; venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ͹Ȃͳ͹ ‘ ‡‹–Š‡” •‹†‡, ͸Ȃʹʹ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ prominent above, slightly to not prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0 to 2, distinct on both surfaces, tertiary venation scalariform along the margin but reticulate towards the midrib, usually very distinct on both sides and below markedly darker than the surrounding leaf mass. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, occasionally 3 to 4 panicles grouped together, branched 3 ’Ǥͳͺͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods or rarely unbranched, lax, its main axis ȋͶȂȌͳͳ–ͳ͹ȋȂʹͺȌ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent or rarely persistent; racemes (0–)1–5, (1.5–)4–13(– 21) cm long, erecto-patentǢ ›—Ž‡•ͲǤͷȂ͵ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –• ƒ†— ‘—•ǡ triangular, up to 4 mm long. Flower: pedicel ȋ͵ȂȌ͸ȂͳͲȋȂͳͺȌlong, articulated at ͳȂ͵ mmˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͺšʹȂͶ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡȋͷȂȌ͸ȂͻšʹȂͷ mm in fruit, apex acute; petals obovate, 5–13 x 3–10 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 3–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm high; style 3–5 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ǤͳŠ‹‰Š‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵Ȃͷš͵Ȃͷ‹ˆ”—‹–Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•͵ to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–9 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. 3 ’Ǥͳͺʹ Notes: Farron (1965) treats the taxon described as Gomphia turnerae, and recognized as a distinct species in for example the Flora of West tropical Africa, as a variety of C. reticulatum without providing a foundation for this transfer. In his contribution to the Flore du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi (Farron, 1967), he provides a key to the two varieties showing they are distinguished mainly by the coloration of the leaves when dried. Those of var. reticulatum stay more or less green after drying, whereas those of var. turnerae turn brownish. We think, however, that the coloration of the leaves ƒ›ǡƒ‘‰•–‘–Š‡”•ǡ†‡’‡†‘–Š‡™ƒ›‹™Š‹ Š–Š‡’Žƒ–•ƒ”‡†”‹‡†ȋ“—‹ Ž›‘”ƒˆ–‡” having been preserved using the Schweinfurth method) and thus on its own this cannot be considered as a good character to distinguish taxa. Then, Bamps & Farron (1967), provide an additional charater: leaves of var. reticulatum are papyraceous and those of var. turnerae are papyraceous to coriaceous, so no clear difference either. Finally, from a comparison of the two descriptions it seems that var. reticulatum has stipules of 1–3 mm long, while those of var. turnerae are 5–6 mm, but again, we observed stipule length to be highly variable and not related to the other characters mentioned. Therefore, we decided not to recognize the two varieties distinguished by Farron. C. reticulatum is a widespread and highly variable species. According to the information on herbarium labels, it can be a treelet or a big tree with boles up to 30 cm dbh. The leaves ƒ ˜ƒ”› ˆ”‘ ƒ””‘™Ž› ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹  –‘ ‡ŽŽ‹’–‹  ȋ”ƒ–‹‘ ȋʹǤͷȂȌ͵ǤͲȂ͸ǤͺȌ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ varies from robust to slender. C. reticulatum is especially similar to C. Žƒš‹ϔŽ‘”—and C. warneckei; see below those species for the distinctive characters. Distribution: from Senegal to south-western Ghana and in southern Nigeria, Cameroon, •‘—–Š‡”‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ‡–”ƒŽˆ”‹ ƒǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ǡ‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘ǡ Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda and northen) and southern Uganda (Map ʹ͸). Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest, gallery forest, along streams, and in swamp forest; predominantly on sandy, lateritic, clayey or clayish-loamy soil; at 0–1750 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ B ‹‰—”‡ʹ͵Ǥ Campylospermum reticulatum. A. Flowering branch. BǤ Ž‘™‡”‹‰„”ƒ Š™‹–ŠϐŽ‘™‡”„—†•Ǥ”ƒ™‹‰•„›ƒ„‹‡‘—•ƒ‹ ƒ’ʹ͸. Distribution of Campylospermum reticulatumȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ ( ) 3.7 Materials and Methods A 3 ’Ǥͳͺ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͺͶ Vernacular names: Central African Republic: Mo Engé (Bambenjele). ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  Republic of the Congo: Amamambamamba (Bila), Akpala (Yambata); Bolili bo kikereke, Inaolo a olili, Bompompongo, Yeka olili ikekereke (turumbu); Egboru (Mangbetu); Kanko, Luhaha, Ndando, Nawarubanda (Kitembo); Kalenge (Kinyanga); Lofandzandzuku (Lokundu); Lukako (Kinande); Ngulu (Kirega); Payagu (Mungutu); Soti (Kibubu); Bonion (Boyeka); Dande (Dundusana); Ebombo kasa sisi, Egbogbo, Kpoyo na mai, Ngeba na mai (Babua); Kamasonge (Lulua); Kimbengi (vallée de la Singa); Lopalilondjo (Lac Tumba); Lufete (Djombo); Luvamba, Tumbu ya maza (Luki); Muliangulu (Tshiluba); Tumbulabenzo (Dima). UsesǣŠ‡„‘Ž‡‹•—•‡†ƒ•ϐ‹”‡™‘‘†ƒ†–‹„‡”ȋ ƒ””‘ͳͻ͸͹ȌǤ IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͸ǡʹ͵ͷǡͶͺͲ2ǡα͹ǡ͸͹͸ǡͺͳͲ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵͸͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαͷ͵͵ ȌǤ Š‹• •’‡ ‹‡• ‹• ™‹†‡Ž› †‹•–”‹„—–‡† ƒ† Šƒ• „‡‡ ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› collected so seems to be fairly common. It occurs both within and outside protected areas. Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned. Specimens examined:  , Cabinda: nos ƒ”Žƒ• †ƒ ϐŽ‘”‡•–ƒ †‡ — ‘ ƒǦƒ‹‘„‘Ǥ ͶιͶ͸ǯ ͳʹι͵͵ǯǡ ͳͶ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͳ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Gossweiler 6741ȋ ǡ ȌǢ‡Ž‹œ‡ǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶ͸ǯǡʹ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGossweiler 7570 (BM,COI,K,LISC); ƒ‹‘„‡ǡ ƒ†ƒ „ƒ—ǡ ’”‘š‹— Ž—‡ǡ —ƒŽ‹ǦŠ‹Ž‘ƒ‰‘Ǥ ͶιͶ͹ǯ ͳʹι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻʹ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gossweiler 9015 (BM,LISC); Cuanza Sulǣ—ƒœƒ—ŽǤ —†ƒÖǦƒ„‘‹ǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡExell 3168 (BM,COI); Cuanza Sul. Fundaò-amboim. 10°51’S 14°22’E. Alt: 900m, 11 July 1937 (fr), Exell 3169 (COI); Zôa„‘‹ǤͳͲιͷ͸ǯͳͶιʹͻǯǡ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 4472 (BM,COI,K). , Central Provinceǣ‘–ƒŽƒǡͳͺ”‘—–‡‘—†‡Ǧ†‡ƒǤ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳιʹͳǯǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡ fr), Mezili 164 (K); Massif du Mbam Minkom à l’est de Nkolakié (20-25 km NW de Yaoundé). 3°57.60’N ͳͳιʹʹǤʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͺͺǡʹ͹ƒ›ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLachenaud 869 (BR,WAG,YA); Mont Meza. 4°17’N 12°08’E, 12 May ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 1950 (P); E of Libamba College, approximately 9 km E of Makak. 3°33’N 11°07’E. Alt: ͸ͲͲǡͻ —‡ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡManning, S.D. 1999 (K,MO,WAG); Eloumden mountain, 9 km SW. of Yaoundé. 3°49’N ͳͳιʹ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸ͷǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 2333 (BR,K,LISC,P,U,WAG,YA); Eloumden mountain, 9 Ǥ‘ˆƒ‘—†±Ǥ͵ιͶͻǯͳͳιʹ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸ͷǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 2334 (A,BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,SL ,U,UC,WAG,YA,Z); Nkolbisson, 7 km W. of Yaoundé. 3°53’N 11°27’E. Alt: 800m, 3 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5008 (WAG); 60 km SW of Eséka, 12 km W. of Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E. Alt: 200m, 10 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5077 (BAS,WAG); 49 km SW of Eséka, right bank Nyong R. 1 km N. of Songbong. 3°28’N 10°30’E. Alt: 200m, 12 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5135 (WAG); 13 km N. of Lobo, 40 km NW of Yaoundé. 4°00’N 11°14’E. Alt: 700m, 13 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5433 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); Hill near Nkolbisson, 7 km W. of Yaoundé. 3°52’N 11°27’E. Alt: 1000m, 6 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6054ȋ ȌǢǯƒϐ‹ƒǤͶιͶͷǯͳͳιͳͶǯǡ ͳͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7193ȋ ȌǢ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡMildbraed 7887 (K); ƒƒ‰ƒ —† Œ‡”‡Ǥ –™ƒ ͳͳͷ   ƒ—†‡Ǥ Ͷι͵͹ǯ ͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mildbraed 8252 (K); ‘—‰—‡’”°•†‘ǡͶͲƒ——††‡†‹‹‹‡‹ȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ†‹‹‹‡‹ȌǤͶιʹͷǯͳͲιͶͻǯǡͳͲ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 10734 (K,P); East Provinceǣ ‡”–‘—ƒǦƒ–‘—”‹Ǥ Ͷι͵Ͳǯ ͳͶιͲͲǯǡ ͳͻ͸Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vroumsia 60 (P); Along Sanaga river S. of Goyoum, 20 km W. of Deng-Deng. 5°12’N 13°23’E. Alt: 635m, 27 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 945 (WAG); Road from Bangbel to Badzéré, near Bouba. 5°46’N 14°23’E. Alt: 980m, ͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 1178 (BR,K,LISC,P,WAG); Bertoua, 5 km along road to Batouri, junction of road to ±–ƒ”±›ƒǤͶι͵ͷǯͳ͵ιͶͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͹ͲǡͳͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 1195 (BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); 2 km from Nguélémendouka, along road to Bika, near river Bamo. 4°24’N 12°56’E. Alt: 700m, 15 November 1961 (fr), Breteler 2035ȋ ȌǢ”‹˜‡†‡Žƒƒƒ‰ƒǡ’”°• ‘›‘—Ǥ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ‡‰‡‰Ǥͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡ ʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 3272 (P); Bertoua to Betare Oya. 36 miles from Bertoua. 4°56’N 13°50’E, 11 ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡSanford, W.W. 6154ȋȌǢ‡‰†‡‰ǤͷιͳͲǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡMildbraed 8818 (BM,K); Littoral: Abo. 4°11’N 9°45’E, 1874 (fr), Buchholz s.n. (HUH); 5km S of Nkongsamba, W slope of Mt. Nlonako. 4°55’N ͻιͷ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲͲǡ ͳ͹ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Beentje 1478 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ‘– Ž‘ƒ‘ǡ ϐŽƒ  Ǥ Ͷιͷͷǯ ͻιͷ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͶͲͲǡʹͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBamps 1571 (BR); route Douala-Edea, près du km 28. 3°58’N 3.7 Materials and Methods ͻιͷ͹ǯǡͳͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 4017 (P); 8 km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 27 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5228 (WAG); on Dicam trail from Bekob camp. 4°21.04’N 10°24.90’E. Alt: 910m, 10 March ʹͲͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wieringa, J.J. 5888 (K,MO,WAG); Mt. Nlonako, near Nkongsamba. 4°55’N 9°57’E. Alt: 1400m, 3 December 1971 (st), Leeuwenberg 8795 (BR,K,WAG); Manengouba Mts., 4 km WNW of Nkongsamba. 4.58 N 9.53 E. 4°58’N 9°53’E. Alt: 1200m, 4 April 1972 (fr), Leeuwenberg 9548 (BR,FHI,HBG,K,LISC,MO,P,PRE,UPS,W  ǡȌǢ’”°•ƒϐ‹ȋᆑ •ƒ„ƒȌ•—””‘—–‡ƒˆƒ‰Ǧƒ„ƒ••‹ǡͳʹƒ—†‡‘†Œ‘Ǥ͵ιͷͺǯͳͲι͵͹ǯǡ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 11139 (BR,K,WAG); 8 KM Est de l’embourchure de la Sanaga (Sud de Ngola). ͶιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 12568 (BR,K); South Province: Kribi. 2°57’N 9°54’E, 14 March ͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡHédin, L. 5ȋȌǢͶ„‹‹„ƒ‰Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡGemerden 19 (WAG); Ngongonjie hill, near Akonetye S of Ebolowa. 2°30’N 11°08’E. Alt: 730m, 16 January 1978 (fr), Koufani 51 ȋȌǢ ‹ϐ‹ƒǤ ͵ιͲͶǯ ͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ —‰—•– ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 367 (B,C,G,HUH,LD,LY,WAG); Efulen, Bule ‘—–”›ǤʹιͷͲǯͳͲι͵ͷǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 410 (E,G,K); Bitya, near the River Ja. 3°01’N 12°22’E, (fr), Bates, G.L. 1741 (K); 31 km ESE of Kribi, 1 km N of Ndjantom. 2°49.3’N 10°09.6’E. Alt: 100m, 15 February ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2221 (WAG); 2 km S of Kribi, Grand Batanga road. 2°55’N 9°54’E, (st), Bos, J.J. 2994 (WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mabiogo, Dipikar Island, along transect T1. 2°15.3’N 9°52.8’E. Alt: 20m, 18 ‡’–‡„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3051 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Massif des Mamelles. ʹι͵ͶǤͲǯͻιͷ͹ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹͺͲǡʹ͵’”‹ŽʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3255 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Elephant Mont, ‡ƒ” Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ†‡ „› Ž‘‰‰‡”•Ǥ ʹιͶͺǯ ͳͲιͲͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͺͲǡ ͳ͹ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Andel, T.R. van 3368 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (fr), Zenker 4177 (COI,E,G,K,LY,S,W); 7 km S. of Kribi, ‘„±”‹˜‡”ǡǤ„ƒƒ„‘˜‡ˆƒŽŽ•ǤʹιͷʹǯͻιͷͶǯǡ͵ͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 4227 (B,BAS,BR,K,LD,LMA,M,MO,P,P RE,UPS,WAG,YA); 6 km E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi, N. of road to Mboké. 3°20’N 10°12’E. Alt: 100m, 2 May 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5683 (P,WAG); 26 km S. of Kribi, Campo road. 2°46’N 9°53’E, 21 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7206ȋǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢʹͺǤ‘ˆ”‹„‹ǡƒ’‘”‘ƒ†ǤʹιͶ͸ǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 7221 (AAU,BAS,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG); Hill facing N’Kolandom. 2°48’N 11°10’E. Alt: 700m, 17 January 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7908 (WAG); collines à 5km au SW d’Ebionéméyong près Nyabessan (60 km à l’Est †‡ƒ’‘ȌǤʹιʹͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͲ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 9321 (P); Campo Ma’an area, Bifa, in the National ƒ”Ǥʹι͵ͻǤͷǯͳͲιͳ͹ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲǡͳʹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BIFAX 102 (WAG); South-West ProvinceǣͶιͳ͵ǯͺιͷͻǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͻͳȋϐŽȌǡJungner, J.R. s.n. (UPS); near Baseng and Ngombombeng, north of Nyassosso. 4°55’N 9°45’E. Alt: 600m, 14 May 1986 (fr), Etuge 128 (BR,MO); near Mbu-Bakundu village. ͷιͲͳǯͻιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMambo 245 (MO,WAG); Bucas. 4°09’N 9°14’E. Alt: 914m, ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡMaitland, T.D. 298 (K); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small ‘„ƒǤͶι͵ͲǤ͸ͶǯͻιʹʹǤͺʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͳǡʹ’”‹ŽʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1269 (LBV,WAG,YA); along path from ƒ’ƒŒƒ–‘‹‘„‡Ǥͳ‘ˆƒ’ƒŒƒǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸Ͳǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡManning, S.D. 1275 (K,MO,WAG); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°31’N 9°23’E. Alt: 131m, 2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1276 (LBV,WAG,YA); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒŽŽ‘„ƒǤͶι͵ͲǤ͸ͻǯͻιʹ͵Ǥ͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡ͵’”‹ŽʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1282 (LBV,WAG,YA); on •Ž‘’‡‘ˆ––‹†‡ȋᏃŽŽ–Ǥƒ‡”‘‘ȌǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͲ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͲͲǡʹͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2060 (BR,E,K,MO,SCA,WAG); Rumpi Hills near Dikome Balue. 4°54.05’N 9°16.20’E, 19 April 2009 (fr), Dessein 2594ȋǡȌǢ„‘˜‡ƒ–‘‡ǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͲ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 2788 ȋǡǡȌǢ‘—––‹†‡ǡƒ„‘˜‡‡–‘‡ǤͶιͲͶǤͲͲǯͻιͲ͸ǤͻͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͺʹǡʹͺ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDessein 2834 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ƒ„‘˜‡ •ƒŽŽ ‘–‘ ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ Ͷιͳͺǯ ͻιͲ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲͲǡ ͸ ƒ” Š ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 4456 ȋǡǡǡȌǢ‡•–‘ˆƒ‰‡ǤͷιͲͷǯͻιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͲͲǡ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 5332 (MO,P,WAG); Ndian Div., Rumpi hills 3.5 km E of Dikome Balue on foot path to Ifanga Nalende. 4°54.6’N 9°17.2’E. Alt: ͳͲ͹ͲǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡGereau 5656 (BR,MO,WAG); forest around Masaka-Batanga. 5°06’N 9°10’E. Ž–ǣͷͲͲǡʹͶƒ” ŠͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 7733 (MO,WAG); Fontem. 5°28’N 9°53’E. Alt: 1000m, 1 March ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡMeurillon CNAD 608ȋȌǢǤƒ—†— ǤǤ‡ƒ”ƒ™›‡”•ǯƒ’ǤǡͶι͵Ͳǯͻι͵ͲǯǡͳͲ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡ Ejiofor FHI 29339 (FHI,K); Bera. Northern Korup F. R. 5°19’N 8°58’E, 8 July 1951 (fr), Olorunfemi FHI 30676 ȋ ǡȌǢ—„ƒ‹•–”ǤǡǤ•Ž‘’‡•‘ˆ–Ǥƒ‡”‘‘ǤͶιͳʹǯͻιͳͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͹ͷͲǡʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡKeay FHI 37496ȋ ǡǡȌǢƒ—†—ǤǤ ȀǤƒŽ‘‰–Š‡ —–Ž‹‡™Š‡‰‘‹‰–‘–Š‡‘”–Š‡”„‘—†ƒ”›‘ˆ ˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ ʹͻͲǤͶι͵͵ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡͶ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44010 (FHO); West Province: Bangwa Station. 5°12’N ͳͲιʹͺǯǡƒ” ŠͳͺͻͻȋϐŽȌǡConrau 68 (A,E,P); piste de Bandoumkassa à Balan. 12 km ESE of Bafang. 5°29’N ͳͲιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͷͲǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 13311 (K,WAG).      , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Ndanka, gorilla study area Njéké stream from M5400 ‘”–ŠǤʹιʹ͵ǯͳ͸ιͳʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 126 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Kongana Camp, ʹʹ‘ˆƒ›ƒ‰ƒǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳ͸ιʹ͸ǯǡͳ͵’”‹Žͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡFangounda 525 (E,WAG); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve, 3 ’Ǥͳͺͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͺ͸ ‰‘”‹ŽŽƒ•–—†›ƒ”‡ƒǤʹιʹʹǯͳ͸ιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 1180 (E); 1 km E of ƒ›ƒ‰ƒ‘•‹†‡‘ˆ‡‹‡•–”‡ƒǤʹιͷ͵ǯͳ͸ιͲ͹ǯǡͷƒ›ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 2287 (K,MO); Dzangha saline, 11 km NE of Bayanga., 2°57’N 16°21’E, 27 October 1993 (st), Harris, D.J. 3619 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana ”‡•‡ƒ” Š ƒ’ǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳ͸ιʹͷǯǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, D.J. 4618 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, ‘‰ƒƒ”‡•‡ƒ” Š ƒ’ǤʹιͶ͹ǯͳ͸ιʹͷǯǡͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 4703 (E,WAG); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 5 June 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5086 (E,WAG); Safari camp at the ‘—–Š‘ˆƒ„‘‰‘•–”‡ƒǤʹιͷͻǯͳ͸ιͳ͵ǯǡͳ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 5790 (E,WAG); Kongana camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 23 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7812 (E).  ȋ Ȍ, Cuvetteǣ†œƒŽƒǤǤͲιͷͲǯͳͶιͶͷǯǡͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡDowsett-Lemaire 1604 ȋȌǢ †œƒŽƒ ǤǤ ‡˜‹”‘ ʹ  †— ƒ’ „‘‘Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯͳͶιͷ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡ Champluvier 5142ȋȌǢ†œƒŽƒǤǤ‡˜‹”‘ʹ†— ƒ’„‘‘ǤͲι͵͸ǯͳͶιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡ Champluvier 5143 (BR); Odzala N.P. environ 2 km SW du camp Mboko. 0°35’N 14°53’E, 20 December 1994 (fr), Champluvier 5144 (BR); Odzala N.P. environ 2 km SW du camp Mboko. 0°35’N 14°53’E, 27 December ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Champluvier 5194 (BR); Kouilou: Menengué, NE de Kayes. 4°26’S 11°41’E, 24 September 1990 ȋϐŽȌǡDowsett-Lemaire 1309ȋȌǢ‘ƒ‰‘ǤͶι͵͸ǯͳͳιͷͳǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͺͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThollon 1342 (P); ±‘—‘—: Zanaga Project, Moussaou, en route to farms E of ridge. Plot 10. 2°53.27’S 13°36.64’E. Alt: 602m, 1 April ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡCheek 14798 (IEC,K,P,WAG); ‹ƒ”‹: Chaillu, N. de Divenié. 2°41’S 12°05’E, December 1983 (st), Sita 5357 (BR,WAG); PoolǣŽƒ–‡ƒ—†‡• ƒ–ƒ”ƒ –‡•ǡ”±‰‹‘†‡‹†ƒ„ƒǡ±ϐ‹‹Ǥ͵ιͶͶǯͳͶι͵ͳǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡSita 2673ȋ ȌǢ’”°•†‡”ƒœœƒ˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͶιͳ͸ǯͳͷιͳ͹ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡKoechlin 5266 (P); Sangha: ƒƒ„ƒ ƒ‹Ǥ ʹιͲͻǤ͸ͳǯ ͳ͸ιͳͷǤʹͻǯǡ ʹ͹ —‡ ʹͲͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Harris, D.J. 9467 (E,IEC); 2.5 km NNE of Bomassa ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥʹιͳ͵ǤͻͶǯͳ͸ιͳʹǤʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹʹƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡHarris, D.J. 9677 (E,IEC); 2.5 km NNE of Bomassa village. 2°13.51’N 16°11.72’E. Alt: 350m, 22 March 2010 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9687 (E,IEC).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bandunduǣ ‘†‘Ǥ ͸ιͲ͹ǯ ͳͻιͲ͸ǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Sapin s.n. (BR); Lukombe. 4°16’S 18°22’E, October 1910 (fr), Sapin s.n.ȋȌǢ‹›ƒƒǦ™ƒ‰‘Ǥͷιͳͻǯͳͺιͷ͸ǯǡͳʹ —Ž›ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡDevred 2143ȋȌǢ‹›ƒƒǤͷιͳͻǯͳͺιͷ͸ǯǡ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDevred 2266 (BR,WAG); Luano. 4°07’S 18°18’E, 28 ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 2672 ȋǡǡȌǢ Œ—ƒǤ ͵ιʹ͵ǯ ͳ͹ιʹͳǯǡ —Ž› ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Gillet, J. 2747 (BR); Kwango. 5°20’S 18°32’E, 25 February 1956 (fr), Devred 2820ȋǡȌǢŒ—ƒǤ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳ͹ιʹͳǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻͲʹȋϐŽȌǡ Gillet, J. 2896 ȋȌǢ ‹‰—Ž—Ǥ ͸ι͵͹ǯ ͳ͹ιͳ͸ǯǡ ͳͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Callens 4306 (BR); Selenge. 1°58’S ͳͺιͳͲǯǡ —Ž›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡGoossens 4988 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, (fr), Vanderyst 10488 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S ͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 10765ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—ǤͶιͲ͹ǯͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹʹȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 12122 ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—Ǥ ͶιͲ͹ǯ ͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 12126 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, September 1922 (st), Vanderyst 12166ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—ǤͶιͲ͹ǯͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹʹȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 12199 ȋȌǢ ’ƒ—Ǥ ͶιͲ͹ǯ ͳͻι͵͹ǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 12203 (BR); entre Panzi et Kipopo. 6°13’S 17°55’E, (fr), Vanderyst 14467 (BR); Bas-Congo: Kisantu. 5°08’S 15°06’E, 1908 (st), Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Kisantu. ͷιͲͺǯͳͷιͲ͸ǯǡͳͻͲͺȋϐŽȌǡGillet, J. s.n.ȋȌǢ‹‰‘›‹ǤͶιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡHakanson s.n. (S); Luki, route de ‘ƒǤ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Hombert 37 (BR); Popokabaka. 5°43’S 15°58’E, 1 October ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡPauwels 59ȋǡ ȌǢ ‹„‹Ǥͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡͻ—‰—•–ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡToussaint, L. 504 (BR); Sanda. 5°39’S ͳ͵ιʹ͹ǯǡ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Verschueren, R.C.M. 892 ȋȌǢ ƒ†ƒǤ ͷι͵ͻǯ ͳ͵ιʹ͹ǯǡ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Verschueren, R.C.M. 937 (BR); Sanda. 5°39’S 13°27’E, December 1913 (st), Verschueren, R.C.M. 945 (BR); Luki. ͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ͵Ͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 1790 (BR); Luki, vallée de la N’Kaya. 5°23’S 12°57’E, 27 ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Donis 2137 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 January 1949 (fr), Donis 2315 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 February 1947 (fr), Devred 3209ȋȌǢƒ—Ǥͷι͵ͻǯͳͷιͶͷǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡCallens 4757 ȋȌǢ ‡‰ƒǤ ͷιͷͲǯ ͳ͸ιͲͲǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 15761 (BR); Equateur: Lac Tumba. 0°50’S 18°00’E, 1 October ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thonet 4 ȋȌǢ —†—•ƒƒǤ ʹιͷ͵ǯ ʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mortehan 36 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E, October 1910 (fr), Jespersen, K. 37ȋȌǢƒ„ƒ–ƒǤʹιʹ͸ǯʹʹιͲʹǯǡʹͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡVermoesen 51 (BR); Bokondji. 0°43’S 21°26’E, 2 June 1959 (fr), Wanckel de 82 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E, November 1913 ȋϐŽȌǡMortehan 82ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 92 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E, ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡReygaert 99 (BR); Yambata. 2°26’N 22°02’E, 2 December 1913 (fr), Montchal 124 (BR); ‘›‡ƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιʹͲǯǡ͵ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡNannan 138 (BR); Mongende near Dumdusana (Mongala), 430 —†—Žƒ–‹‰’Žƒ‹Ǥʹιͷ͹ǯʹʹι͵͹ǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡThonner 180 (BR,K,W); Mabali, Lac Tumba. 0°53’S 18°07’E. Alt: 350m, 15 September 1955 (st), Deuse 407 ȋȌǢ ƒŽƒǤ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͵  –‘„‡” ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pynaert 496ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻʹͷȋϐŽȌǡRobyns, FHEAW 573 (BR,K); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E, ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mortehan 672 (BR); Lusangania. 0°04’N 19°21’E, June 1934 (fr), Dubois, L. 803 (BR); ͲιͲͷǯͳͺιͳ͸ǯǡ —‡ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 809ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹ͸ƒ›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 891ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡPynaert 947 (BR); Bokote. 0°06’S 20°08’E, 1943 (st), 3.7 Materials and Methods Hulstaert 1221ȋȌǢ‡˜‹”‘†ǯƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 1231 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻͲ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pynaert 1238 ȋȌǢ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Laurent, M.D.J. 1462 ȋǡȌǢ‡˜‹”‘†‡‹‘”‘ǤͲιͶͷǯͳͺιͲ͹ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻʹͲȋϐŽȌǡGoossens 1598 (BR); environ de Bikoro. 0°45’S ͳͺιͲ͹ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻʹͲȋϐŽȌǡGoossens 2311ȋȌǢƒŽƒǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͲƒ” ŠͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEvrard, C.M. 3734 (BR); route Itipo-Iboko. 0°50’S 18°35’E, 28 March 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3819 (BR); Budjala. 2°39’N 19°42’E, March 1924 (fr), Goossens 4340ȋǡȌǢƒŽƒ‡–‘‡Ž‡ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹ͸ƒ›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 4891 (BR,K); Kasai-Occidentalǣƒ‡‰‡ǤͶιͷͳǯʹͳιͷͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGillardin 297 (BR,K); —Ž—ƒ„‘—”‰Ǥ ͷιͷͶǯ ʹʹιʹͷǯǡ ʹͳ —Ž› ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanderyst 24079 (BR); Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 24141ȋȌǢ—Ž—ƒ„‘—”‰ǤͷιͷͶǯʹʹιʹͷǯǡʹͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVanderyst 24142 (BR); KasaiOrientalǣƒ–ƒ‘Ǧ‘„‡Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯʹͶιʹͷǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͲȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 396 (BR); Entre Katoke-Kombe et Lodja. ͵ιʹ͹ǯ ʹͶιͲͲǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lebrun 6188 (K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba): Kapanga. 8°21’S 22°34’E, —‰—•–ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡOverlaet 857ȋȌǢ—ƒŽ—ȋƒ„‹†ƒȌǤ͹ιͲͷǯʹͶι͵Ͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡQuarré, P. 2807 ȋǡ ȌǢ”±‰‹‘†—Žƒ„ƒǤͳͲιͶ͸ǤͶǯʹͷιͳͺǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͶʹͷǡͳͳƒ›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSchaijes 2900 (BR); 60 Km NO †‡‘Ž™‡œ‹ǤͳͲιʹ͵ǯʹͷιͲͺǯǡʹͷ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSchmitz, A. 3016 (BR); région du Slaba. 10°47.0’S 25°18.7’E, ͳͲ—‰—•–ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSchaijes 3025ȋȌǢƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’‡„ƒȋ‹–™ƒ„ƒȌǤͺιͷͷǯʹ͸ι͵ͷǯǡʹͲ —‡ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡ Witte, G.F. de 4026 (BR,WAG,Z); Kabelenge, 12 km de Sandoa vers Dilolo. 9°46’S 22°50’E, 7 November 1962 (fr), Schmitz, A. 8023 (BR); Kinshasaǣ‹ ‡•‡ȋƒ‰‡‰‡•‡ȌǤͶιʹ͸ǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡPauwels 4916 (WAG); Maniema: route Lubutu Km 45. 0°44’S 26°35’E, 15 June 1981 (fr), Ndjele 278 (BR); route Lubutu  ͶͶǤ ͲιͶͶǯ ʹ͸ι͵ͷǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Ndjele 445 ȋȌǢ ”‘—–‡ —„—–—  ͶͶǤ ͲιͶͶǯ ʹ͸ι͵ͷǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Ndjele 446 (BR); Walikale-Lubutu. 0°44’S 26°35’E, 12 January 1915 (fr), Bequaert 6589 (BR); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: Mt Hongo, 15 km ˆ”‘‘ƒ†ƒ–‘‡‹Ǥͳιʹ͵ǯʹͻιͶ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲͲǡʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 3528 (K); Kikomero, ƒ” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ„‡”–Ǥͳιʹ͸ǯʹͻιʹͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 8491 (BR); Orientale: Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 3 March ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, É. s.n.ȋȌǢ’—Ž—ʹͲͲ‹Ž‡•‡ƒ•–‘ˆ–ƒŽ‡›˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥͳιʹ͵ǯʹͺι͵͸ǯǡͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡPutman 13 (BR); ˆƒ”ƒƒǤ ͳι͵͵ǯ ʹͺι͵ʹǯǡ ͳʹ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Amsini 24 (BR,K,WAG); station d’Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E, 4 ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 25 (BR); Amamambamanba (Kibila), zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest), Epulu. 1°25’N ʹͺι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡAmsini 52ȋȌǢƒ„—›ƒǤͳιͳ͸ǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSolheid 62 ȋȌǢƒ„—›ƒǤͳιͳ͸ǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSolheid 72ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Léonard, A. 113ȋǡ ȌǢƒ„ƒ•ƒȋˆƒ”ƒƒȌǤͳι͵͵ǯʹͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLiengola 133 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ„ƒ•ƒ ȋˆƒ”ƒƒȌǤ ͳι͵͵ǯ ʹͺι͵ʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͲͲǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Liengola 216 (WAG); Lenda. 1°24’N 28°34’E. Alt: 750m, 25 January 2001 (fr), Mokbondo 380 (BR,MO,WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: ͹ͷͲǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 472 (BR); Yangambi, Km 6 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 28  –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 488ȋȌǢƒ„‡•ƒǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡGérard, P. 550 ȋȌǢƒ„ƒ•ƒȋˆƒ”ƒƒȌǤͳι͵͵ǯʹͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡʹͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡEwango 574 (BR,WAG); Nala. ʹιͷʹǯ ʹ͹ι͵ͺǯǡ ͳͻͲ͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Seret 749 ȋȌǢ ‡Ž‡Ǥ ͶιͲ͸ǯ ʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͶ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dewulf 817 (BR); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͳͲ —Ž›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 902 (K,WAG); Jambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 8 March 1906 ȋϐŽȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 949ȋȌǢƒ‰ƒ„‹ •ƒ‰‹ǤͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹͻ —Ž›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 1030 (BR,WAG); ‹‹Ž‹‹ ȋ”±‰‹‘ †‡ ‘„ƒ”‹ȌǤ ʹιͶ͵ǯ ʹͻιͲ͵ǯǡ —Ž› ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Claessens 1062 (BR); Yangambi, plateau de la Lusambila à 8 km au N. de Yaosuka. 0°49’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26 January 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1124 (BR,K); Yangambi, Km 6. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26 January 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1147 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N ʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Brédo, HJAER 1196 ȋȌǢ ƒˆϐŽ—‡– Dz‘†‘dz ‡– —„‹Žƒ›ƒ ǤǤ †‡ ƒ‰ƒ„‹Ǥ ͲιͶ͸ǯ 24°27’E, 16 February 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1272 (BR,EA); Yangambi, Km 7. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1387 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 20 May 1954 (st), Gérard, P. 1423 (BR); ͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡͺ’”‹Žͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1614 (B,BM,BR,C,EA,K); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 26 April 1955 (fr), Gérard, P. 1816 (BR); Avakubi. 1°20’N 27°35’E, 16 January 1914 (fr), Bequaert 1991 (BR); Bengamisa, Km ͸ʹǤͲιͷ͸ǯʹͷιͲͻǯǡʹ —‡ͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2364 (BR); Epulu ( Penghe). 1°20’N 28°09’E, 21 February ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡBequaert 2601ȋȌǢ–”‡ƒ†‹‡–‘‘Ǥ͵ιʹͳǯʹ͹ιͲͷǯǡ —‡ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 3067 (K,WAG); ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǡ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†‡Žƒ—•ƒ„‹Žƒͺƒ—Ǥ†‡ƒ‘•—ƒǤͲιͶͻǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǡʹͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 3341 (BR,K,P); 3°28’N 25°43’E, 2 May 1958 (fr), Gérard, P. 3858 (WAG); Yangambi, Km 8.4. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt: Ͷ͹ͲǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 4152 (BR); Basse Lilanda, 20 km W de Yangambi. 0°52’N 24°16’E. Alt: Ͷ͹Ͳǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 7019 (BR); Ligasa. 0°42’N 23°50’E, 6 November 1953 (st), Germain, R.G.A. 8453 (BR); 0°45’N 24°31’E, 6 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 9257 (BR,EA); 0°46’N 24°27’E, 10 May 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 9301 (C); Yalibwa, 22km au N de Yangambi. 0°56’N 24°30’E, 16 June 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 10004ȋǡȌǢʹͲǤ†‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͷ͸ǯʹͶιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹ͲǡͳͶ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 10803 (BR); ƒ‰‘Ž‡ǡʹͲ†‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹ǤͲιͷͲǯʹͶιͳ͸ǯǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 12070 (BR,K,P); entre Ngazi et l’Aruwimi. 1°10’N 24°29’E. Alt: 470m, 31 October 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12222 (BR); Yalibwa, 22 km 3 ’Ǥͳͺ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͺͺ ƒ—Ǥ†‡ƒ‰ƒ„‹•‘—” ‡•ǤͲιͷ͸ǯʹͶι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹Ͳǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13255 (BR); Yangambi. ͲιͶ͸ǯʹͶιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͹ͲǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13651 (BR); Lodjo Camp. pt 095 to 096. 2°02.89’N 29°59.45’E, 28 October 2010 (st), Luke 14750ȋǡǡǡȌǢ‡‰‹Ǥ͵ιͲ͸ǯʹ͸ιͶͲǯǡ’”‹ŽͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡClaessens A 459 (BR); Sud-Kivuǣ—Ž—„—ǤʹιͶʹǯʹ͹ιͷ͹ǯǡͻ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLéonard, A. 3775 (BR,K); Kalehe, route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ˜‡”•ͳͳͲǡ ”ƒ‰‹Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡʹͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 12544 (BR); Kalehe, route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ˜‡”•ͳͳͲǡ ”ƒ‰‹Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡͷ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 12609 (BR); Kalehe, route ƒ˜——ǦƒŽ‹ƒŽ‡ǡ˜‡”•ͳͳͲǡ ”ƒ‰‹Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡͳͻ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡTroupin 12646 (BR).    , Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ ‹‘‘Ǥ ͵ιʹͳǯ ͺιͶͲǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lope del Val 247 (MA); Bioko. ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡLope del Val 248ȋȌǢ‹‘‘Ǥ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡLope del Val 249 (MA); Bioko. 3°21’N ͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡLope del Val 250ȋȌǢŽƒ”‡ ‡’‡ƒǤ͵ι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹͶǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͺ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡMann, G. 568 ȋǡȌǢ‹‘‘ǡ‹‘•ƒƒǤ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡʹͷ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡLope del Val 603 (MA); Pico de Clarence (Sta Iravel). ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡGuinea 2602 (MA); carretera del pico Basilé, km 4-5. 3°41’N 8°52’E. Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹͷ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Carvalho, M.F. de 4572 (K,MA,WAG); Rio Muni: West-Afrika: Spanisch—‹‡ƒǢȋϐŽȌǡTessmann 677 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 12 February 2002 (st), Senterre 2278 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, à 8.5 km à l’Est de la cabana de Mosumo. 1°36.55’N 10°07.19’E. Alt: 940m, 4 July 2003 (fr), Senterre 3999 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Sanje, river Benito. 1°35’N ͻιͷͲǯǡͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 569ȋǡȌǢƒ–ƒǦ‹‡ˆƒ‰ǣ•–”ƒ†ƒͶͲ’‘˜‘ƒ­ƒ‘†‡†Œƒ’‡ ‘ À‘ƒƒǤͳιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲͳǯǡͳͶ —‡ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5551 (MA,WAG); Bata-Mbini: Estrada Km 27.  Ǥ–‹‰—ƒ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ ‹×†‡Žƒ‡’”‡•ƒƒ†‡”‡”ƒǤͳι͵ͺǤͷǯͻιͶ͹Ǥͳǯǡʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋˆ”ȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 6062 (MA); Estuaire, village Mayang au bord de la rivière Mitong. 1°10’N 9°56’E, 14 September 1997 ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 794ȋȌǢ†‘–‡—†ǡ’”°•†ǯ–‡„—‡Ǥͳιͳ͸ǯͻιʹͷǯǡ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 1128 (BRLU); ‹‘ —‹ǡ ‡Ž‡ œƒ•: Inselberg de Piedra Nzas. 1°27’N 11°02’E. Alt: 725m, 27 May 1999 (st), Parmentier 396 (BRLU); inselberg de Piedra Nzas, à 6 h de marche du village d’Acoaseng, à 9 km d’Aconibe, ou de celui de Afaanam, à 5 km d’Aconibe. 1°27’N 11°02’E. Alt: 640m, 27 May 1999 (st), Parmentier 397 (BRLU). , Estuaireǣ‘—‡–‘–ǤͲιʹ͸ǯͻιʹͺǯǡͳͺͻͷȋϐŽȌǡLe Roy s.n. (P); environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, ͳͺͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKlaine 48 (P); Libreville. Parcelle 1: Arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 50m, 17 November 1999 (st), Simons, E.L.A.N. 54 ȋȌǢ —±‰—±Ǥ Ͳιʹ͸ǯ ͻιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thollon 161 (P); forêt classée de la ‘†ƒŠǣ•‹–‡ ‘„ƒ–ʹǤͲι͵ͶǯͻιʹͲǯǡͳ͸ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 285 (LBV,WAG); Como river, 60 mi ƒ„‘˜‡ ƒ„‘‘ǤͲιͳ͹ǯͳͲι͵Ͷǯǡ —Ž›ͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 504 (G,K); Mfoa, 85 mi. E. of Gaboon. 0°24’N 10°18’E, September 1896 (st), Bates, G.L. 506 (BM,K); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 10 ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 827 (LBV,WAG); near Cap Esterias, ± 28 km N.W. of Libreville. 0°36’N 9°20’E. Alt: 5m, 20 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 838 (WAG); route Malibé à 2,5 km de la route goudronnée. 0°32’N 9°23’E, 8 January 2004 (fr), Bourobou 1030 (LBV,WAG); Près de Mviadi. Chantier SOFOR. 0°36’N 10°00’E, 23 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡFloret 1406ȋǡ ȌǢƒŽ‹„±Ǧƒ‰”‘˜‡ǤͲι͵͸ǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 1833ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǧƒ’•–‡”‹ƒ•ǡ‡ƒ”‘ƒǤͲι͵ͷǤ͹ǯͻιʹͷǤ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, A.M. 2622 (LBV,WAG); Monts de Cristal, chutes Kinguélé. 0°27’N 10°17’E, 21 January 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 4658 (P); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m, 8 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5379 (LBV,WAG); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m, 8 November ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5386 (WAG); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m, ͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5413 (WAG); Cap Estérias. 0°36’N 9°20’E, 22 February 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 5435 (P); Road to Cap Esterias 2 km N. of Santa Clara offroad. 0°33’N 9°22’E. Alt: 10m, 12 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5448 (WAG); Cap Estérias. 0°36’N 9°20’E, 24 February 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 5522ȋȌǢ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡƒ–ƒŽƒ”ƒ”‘ƒ†ǤͲιʹͻǯͻιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳǡͳ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 7770 (WAG); 10 Ǥ‘ˆƒ‰‘ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 8290 (WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream of the hydroelectric power station. 0°28’N 10°17’E. Alt: 100m, 19 November 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8830 (BR,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream of the hydroelectric power station. 0°26’N ͳͲιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8861 (WAG); Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 30m, 2 December 2001 (fr), Breteler 15804 (MO,WAG); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±ǣ ”ƒ ‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥͳι͵ͺǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡ Thollon 518 (P); Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Savane du Nord-Est du Bai Jobo. Canopé très haute. 2°12’S 13°52’E, 7 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 569 (MO); Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.3’S 13°50.5’E. Alt: 450m, 8 September 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 760 (LBV,WAG); Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.4’S 13°54.0’E. Alt: 400m, 11 September 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 800 (LBV); 30 km route ‘ƒ†ƒ –‘ ƒ‘—„ƒǤ ͳιͶͷǯ ͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡ ͵  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 6757 (P,WAG); near Okondja. 0°37’S 13°31’E, 29 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14114 (WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒ„ƒ”±±ǡ ’”°• †‡ Žƒ ”‹˜‹°”‡ ‰‘—‹±Ǥ ͲιͶͶǤͶ͵ǯ ͳͲι͵͵Ǥ͸͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ͻ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bidault 714 (LBV,MO); Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.70’S 10°33.63’E. Ž–ǣʹͶǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡBidault 752 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); zone de Mabounié,à environ 45 km au sud‡•–†‡ƒ„ƒ”±±ǡ”‹˜‡‡•–†‡Žƒ‰‘—‹±ǤͲιͶͶǤͳͺǯͳͲι͵͵ǤͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͹ǡʹͺ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2994 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„‘—‹±Ǥ ͲιͶͷǤʹʹǯ ͳͲι͵ʹǤ͵͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͷǡ ͳͲ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Sonké 5939 (MO); ‹••ƒ‰ƒǡͳͲǦʹͲ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 10467 (WAG); 10 km ‘ˆ†Œ‘Ž±ǤͲιͲͶǯͳͲιͶ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡʹͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 13004 (MO,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: St ƒ”–‹Ǥ ͳιͶͳǯ ͳͲιͷ͸ǯǡ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Walker, A.A. s.n. (P); Waka forest exploitation road. 1°18’S 10°57’E. Alt: 380m, 24 November 1984 (fr), Arends 436 (WAG); Waka River. 1°13’S 10°52’E. Alt: 330m, 25 ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Arends 443 (WAG); 45 km along the road M’Bigou-Lebamba. 2°03’S 11°38’E. Alt: ͷͶͲǡ ͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde (WALK-B) 574 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Massif du Chaillu, near Guévedé village, ± 40 km N. of Lébamba. 1°55’S 11°25’E. Alt: 350m, 30 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1065 (MA,WAG); 20 km de Fougamou. 1°21.77’S 10°37.75’E. Alt: 93m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1416 (LBV,WAG); 20 km de Fougamou. 1°21.77’S 10°37.75’E. Alt: 93m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1417 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1420 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1422 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1424 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD. 0°55.47’S 10°33.05’E. Alt: 104m, 23 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1444 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1449 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.80’S 10°42.33’E. Alt: 83m, 25 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1466 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°32.59’S 10°45.68’E. Alt: 113m, 25 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1467 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.07’S 10°44.33’E. Alt: 115m, 25 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1474 (LBV,WAG); Bouvala hills. Lower slope. 1°37.7’S 11°45.1’E. Alt: 800m, 7 October 2007 (fr), Leal, M.E. 1919 (LBV,MO,WAG); E of Waka National Park, along the ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘‹‘‰‘˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Š‡ƒ†‹‰‹†‹”‡ –‹‘ǤͳιͲͻǤͷǯͳͳιͳͻǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͵Ͳǡʹ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡSosef 2572 (LBV,MO,WAG); Forêt sur la rive gauche (sud) de l’Ikoy, à environ 10 km de l’embouchure avec la Ngounié. 0°48.93’S 10°37.37’E. Alt: 108m, 26 October 2012 (fr), Dauby 2941 (LBV); 13½ km on the road Moukabou to Mbigou. 1°40.36’S 11°45.19’E. Alt: 840m, 13 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7394 (WAG); c. 40 ‘—‹Žƒ–‘‡‘ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 8149 (WAG); c. 5 km on road from Yombi to Mandji. 1°25’S 10°35’E, 17 September 1997 (st), Breteler 13946 (MO,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: village Dougni, 7 km de Malounga 1. 3°06.8’S 10°41.5’E, 22 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 441 (LBV,WAG); village Tchi Gay May, 62 km de Tchibanga. 3°06.8’S 10°41.5’E, 23 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 476 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°16.5’S 11°09.0’E. Alt: 275m, 26  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 547 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒǦ‘—Ž‡‰—‹‹œƒȌǤ͵ιͳ͸ǤͷǯͳͳιͲͻǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹ͷǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 556 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S 11°07.9’E. Alt: ʹͷ͸ǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 563 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S 11°07.9’E. Alt: 256m, 26 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 564 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S 11°07.9’E. Alt: 256m, 26 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 566 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé (route Ndende‘—‹ŽƒȌǤʹιͳ͸ǤͲǯͳͳιͳ͸ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸ǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 583 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé ȋ”‘—–‡†‡†‡Ǧ‘—‹ŽƒȌǤʹιͳ͸ǤͲǯͳͳιͳ͸ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸ǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 584 (LBV,WAG); 14 †‡†‡†±ȋ”‘—–‡†‡†‡Ǧ‘—‹ŽƒȌǤʹιͳ͸ǤͲǯͳͳιͳ͸ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͸ǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 585 ȋǡ ȌǢ  Š‹„ƒ‰ƒ ƒ”‡ƒǡ ‘‰‘›ƒ‰ƒǤ ʹιͷͷǯ ͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Le Testu 1401 (BM,P); Šƒ–‹‡”  ǡ ‰‘– Š‹Ǥ ʹι͵ͺǤͻͷǯ ͳͲι͵ͲǤ͹͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͶͲǡ ʹ͵ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Valkenburg 2597 (BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘ǣŠƒ–‹‡”‘—ƒ‡›‘‰ǤͲι͵ͳǯͳͳιͷͷǯǡƒ” Šͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDibata 115 (MO,WAG); Bélinga, mines de fer, route du pt. B3. 1°06’N 13°12’E, 25 July 1966 (st), Hallé; Le Thomas 150 (P); ‘’±‡•‡”˜‡ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡWilliamson, E.A. 201 (K); Chantier Lutexfo, Offoué. 0°12’S 11°53’E, 13 July 1987 (st), Dibata 213 (MO,WAG); near Nvadin, at the other side of the river Ivindo. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 2 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡHijman 375ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‡ƒ” Š‘—ƒǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͳιͶ͸ǯǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 571 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ›‹„‘—– ǡ ‘ –Š‡ ˜‹†‘ ‹˜‡”Ǥ ͳιͲ͹ǯ ͳ͵ιͲ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷ͹Ͳǡ ͳͶ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler; Wilde 607 (C,K,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°27’S 11°52’E. Alt: 280m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1029ȋǡ ȌǢ‘”†Ǧ•–†—ƒ” †‡Žƒ‘’±ǡƒ ‹‡‡”‘—–‡‘’±“—‹ mène à Booué. 0°07.56’S 11°46.63’E. Alt: 211m, 6 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1045 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, ͵Ͷƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ†‹±ǤͶ†— ƒ””‡ˆ‘—”“—‹°‡ƒ— Šƒ–‹‡”—Ž‹ǤͲιͷͺǤͲǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͳǡͳͳ 3 ’Ǥͳͺͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͻͲ ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1143 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 9 km après entrée Belinga- Mayibout. 1°02.15’N ͳ͵ιͳͳǤ͹ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͺ͹Ͳǡͳʹƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1158 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée ‡Ž‹‰ƒǦƒ›‹„‘—–ǤͳιͲʹǤͻͳǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͺͻͶǡͳʹƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1164 (LBV,WAG); route ‡Ž‹‰ƒǡ ͳͶ  ƒ’”°• ‡–”±‡ ‡Ž‹‰ƒǦƒ›‹„‘—–Ǥ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 1166 ȋǡ ȌǢ ‡–”±‡ ‡Ž‹‰ƒǦƒ›‹„‘—–Ǥ  †‡••‘—• †‡ Žƒ ‘–ƒ‰‡  Žǯ‡–”±‡ †‡ Žƒ ’‹•–‡ “—‹ °‡  Žǯƒ–‡‡ ‡Ž–‡ŽǤ ͳιͲ͵Ǥ͵Ͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǤͲͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͺͳǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1176 (LBV,WAG); Mt. ƒ••ƒ‘‰‘ǡ”‘ ›’Žƒ–‡ƒ—‘ˆƒ••ƒ‘‰‘˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶͻǤ͹ͷǯͳ͵ιʹ͹Ǥ͸͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͺͺǡͳͶƒ›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Ngok Banak 1733 (LBV,WAG); Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.70’N 13°27.52’E. Ž–ǣͶͺ͸ǡͳ͸ƒ›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNgok Banak 1800ȋǡ ȌǢƒ—’‹‡††‡Žƒ‘–ƒ‰‡†—ƒ•“—‡ȋ•–ȌǤͲιͲͳǯ ͳͳιͶͻǯǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFloret 1819 (MA,P,WAG); Babièl-Nord, eastern escarpment, 4 km from camp ±Ž‹‰ƒǤͳιͲ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲͲǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 2324 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); 11 km E of Batouala. 0°49’N 13°29’E, 15 October 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 2631 (P); Lopé Reserve. Chantier SOFORGA. 0°30’S 11°33’E, 29 November 1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2654 (WAG); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E. Alt: 950m, 29 October 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 2899ȋȌǢʹͲ‘ˆ‘—ƒ‡›‘‰ǤͲιͳͻǯͳͳιͷ͸ǯǡͳͺƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3448 (WAG); Ivindo National Park. 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS camp. Savanna-edge habitat. 0°10.92’S 12°32.70’E, 26 ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡStone, J.R. 3496 (LBV,MO,WAG); Ivindo National Park. 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS ƒ’Ǥ ͲιͳͲǤͻʹǯ ͳʹι͵ʹǤ͹Ͳǯǡ ʹ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Stone, J.R. 3497 (LBV,MO,WAG); 3 km NW of Ikei‘ƒ„‘ƒǡ ‡‰‘—± ‘—–ƒ‹Ǥ Ͳιͷ͸Ǥͷǯ ͳ͵ιͶͳǤͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͺͺͲǡ ͹ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 3988 ȋǡǡ ȌǢͷǤ‘ˆ‘—±ƒ›‘‰ǤͲιͳʹǯͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBreteler 8908 (MA,WAG); 18 km along the governmental road Lopé to Ayem and then c 89 km along a forest exploitation track in S direction. 0°40’S 11°33’E. Alt: 360m, 27 November 1995 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11472 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Station de la Makandé, Layon 12, 0°41’S 11°54’E, 26 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 294 (BRLU); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 ȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 845ȋǡ ȌǢ”‘—–‡˜‡”•‹Ž‘Ž±ǤͲιͳͺǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡͳ͸‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 883ȋǡ ȌǢʹ‘ˆ”ƒ‹Ž™ƒ›„”‹†‰‡ƒ–ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͶͶǤͷǯͳ͵ιͲͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡ Sosef 2068ȋǡ ȌǢͳ͵‘ˆ ‘ϐŽ—‡ ‡ ‘‰—‡Ǧˆˆ‘—‡ǢͲιͷͲǯͳͳιͷͺǯǡʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilks 2710 (MO,WAG); sur sommet Mont Iboundji, piste vers chûtes Moughoungoulou, ± 10 km. 1°10’S 11°49’E. Alt: ͺͷͲǡ ͳ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, A.M. 2790 (LBV,WAG); Chantier SFM. 10 km E off main road, 51 km Lastoursville to Moanda. 1°10’S 13°00’E, 28 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5903 (WAG); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, March 1929 (st), Le Testu 7095 (BM,P); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, April 1929 (st), Le Testu 7146 (BM,P); 55km E of Lastoursville. 0°50’S 13°15’E, 22 November 1993 (fr), Breteler 12257 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 70km E of Lastoursville, E of Ndambi. 0°47’S 13°22’E, 27 November 1993 (fr), Breteler 12381 (BM,BR,BRLU,C,G,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Rabi-Kounga, Rabi, next –‘ ƒ’Ǥͳιͷ͸ǯͻιͷ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡʹͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1621 (WAG); Rabi-Shell concession, Œ—•–‘ˆƒ„‹‘‹Žϐ‹‡Ž†ǤͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDauby 2197 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 15 km NW of Shell oil exploitation Rabi. 1°50’S 9°46’E. Alt: 25m, 23 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9685 (WAG); 35 km S of Rabi. Along the Echira river. 2°05’S 9°51’E. Alt: 13m, 27 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9785ȋǡǡ ȌǢƒ„‹ǡŠ‡ŽŽȀ ƒ„‘ǡ‘‹Žϐ‹‡Ž†ǡ™‡ŽŽ‘͹Ǥͳιͷ͸ǯͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣͻͲǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10919 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡ǣ ͸   ‘ˆ ‹–œ‹ ǡ  ˆ‘”‡•– ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ͲιͶ͵Ǥͺǯ ͳͳι͵ʹǤͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͲͺǡ ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 697 (LBV,WAG); 13 km SE of Mitzic, ˆ‘”‡•–‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’–‘ƒ†‘—ƒƒ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ Alt: 490m, 7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 728 (LBV,WAG); chantier Rougier-Océan, Oveng. 0°52’N 11°10’E, ͹ƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡReitsma, J.M. 875 (WAG); concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie ‘”††‡•‘–ƒ‰‡•‡‹±ǤͲιʹ͸Ǥʹǯͳͳιͳ͵ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͻͷ͵ǡͳͺ —Ž›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDauby 1076 (BRLU,LBV,MO); RN ʹǡ‘ˆ‹–œ‹ ǡ Ǧ ‘ ‡••‹‘ǤͲιͶʹǤͺǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲ͵ǡ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10051 (LBV,WAG); Minkébé area, 10 x 10 m inventory plot S, placed 2-12 m north at 360-370 m on transect A. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 14 March 1990 (st), Minkébé Series S 171 (WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG). , Ashanti Region: Pompo head Waters Reserve. 6°15’N 1°34’W, May 1931 (fr), Jackson, S.T. 2251 (BR,FHO); Western Regionǣ –ƒ„—ƒǤ ͸ιͳͶǯ ʹιͶͶǯǡ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻʹ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ McAinsh 16 (FHO); Subiri F.R ȋ‡•‘ȌǤͷιͲͻǯͳιͷͶǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndoh 5574 (K); Bonsa Su. 5°12’N 2°02’W. Alt: 46m, May ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 1980 (EA,FHO); Krokosua Hills F.R. 6°29’N 2°48’W, 18 May 1972 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 43309 (K).  , Kindia: Friguiagbé. 9°57’N 12°56’W, 30 July 1939 (st), Chillou 1640 (BR,P); environ de Benty. 9°10’N 3.7 Materials and Methods ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ —‡ ͳͻ͵͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jacques-Félix 1710 (P); Basse-Guinée, région de Forécariah. 9°26’N 13°06’W, May 1950 (st), Schnell 5503ȋȌǢƒ‘—Ž‹ƒǤͻιͶ͸ǯͳ͵ιʹ͹ǯǡ͵Ͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17685 (G); œ±”±‘”±: ƒ ‡–ƒǤͺι͵͵ǯͻιʹͺǯǡ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 3528 (P); Mt. Nimba. 7°41’N 8°19’W, 30 April 1949 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 4881 (K,P,SERG,WAG); Nimba Mountains, Zié River valley. 7°40.5’N 8°22.4’W. Alt: 1230m, 3 ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7454 (FHO,P,WAG); Nimba, village Nzo-Miwula. 7°40’N 8°19’W, 11 May 1973 ȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 27520 (BR,WAG); Nimba mountains, plot WHSL20 close to the road uphill from main SMFG camp. 7°41.50’N 8°23.35’W. Alt: 855m, 1 July 2008 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team WD 22 (WAG); Nimba mountains, plot WHSL29, near pumping station. 7°40.37’N 8°22.42’W. Alt: 1310m, 13 July 2008 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team WE 573 (WAG).  Ǧ , Bijagósǣ —Žƒ —†ƒǡ—„ƒ–ƒ„‘ǤͳͳιͶ͸ǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 2222 (COI,WAG); Tombaliǣƒ ‹‡ǤͳͳιͲͺǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEspirito Santo 627 (COI); environs ‡„‡”‡ǤͳͳιͳͲǯͳͷιͲͺǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMalaisse 14706 (BR). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡ƒ”„‹†ŒƒǤͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡ Koning, J. de 97ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡMartineau 236 (B); Forêt du Anguédédou. ͷιʹͶǯͶιͲ͹ǯǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThijssen, M.T. 260 (MO,WAG); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 16 October 1930 (fr), Martineau 282 (A); Forêt du Banco. 5°24.50’N 4°04.00’W, 28 November 1978 (fr), Knecht 465 (G); Banco Forest Reserve. 5°25’N 4°03’W, 21 December 1972 (fr), Koning, J. de 980 (MO,WAG); near river, in centre of –Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–Ǥƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 1141 (BR,MO,WAG); ƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 1153 (BR,E,G,MA,MO,WAG); in the ‘”–ŠǦ™‡•–’ƒ”–‘ˆƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹƒ” Šͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 1178 (BR,E,MO,WAG); ƒ ‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‘–Š‡™‡•–Ǧ‘”–Š•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹƒ” Šͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 1188 ȋǡǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ ‘ ‘”‡•– ‡•‡”˜‡ǡ ‡ƒ” ƒ‹ ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ͷιʹ͵ǯ ͶιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͶ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Koning, J. de 1534 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Abidjan, in southern part of Banco Forest Reserve. 5°22’N 4°03’W, 13 June 1973 (fr), Koning, J. de 1790 (WAG); Banco Forest Reserve, north of Arboretum. 5°24’N 4°03’W, 17 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 2748 (BR,E,G,MA,MO,WAG); Banco Forest Reserve. Route de la Montagne, ƒ–Ž‡ˆ–Šƒ†•‹†‡‘ˆ•–”‡ƒǤͷιʹʹǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹͲƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 3448 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Banco ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 4966 (BR,C,E,EA,FR,G,IAGB,K,MA,MO,P,P ǡ ȌǢ†‹‘’‘†‘—±ǡͳ͹ŽǯǤ†ǯ„‹†ŒƒǤͷιʹͲǯͶιʹͲǯǡͷ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7016 (P); Banco. ͷιʹ͵ǯ ͶιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͺ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wit, H.C.D. de 7192 (WAG); In woodlands of Banco, near Abidjan. ͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBernardi, L. 8074 (G,K,US,WAG); De Banco per iter versus Avodiré. 5°24’N ͶιͲͷǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡBernardi, L. 8164ȋ ǡȌǢ‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ž‡ƒ ‘Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲͶǯǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 8945ȋȌǢƒ”ƒ‹•†‡Žǯ‰‡„›ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹͲǯǡ͵’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 10025 (G); Abidjan. 5°19’N ͶιͲʹǯǡͳͳ —‡ͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡAubréville SF 22 (A,K); Agbovilleǣ±„ƒ••‘Ǥͷι͵͸ǯͶιͲ͸ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2548 (K,WAG); Manǣ‡ƒ”–‘’‘ˆ–‘‘—‹Ǥ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡʹͻƒ” ŠʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 4820 ȋ ǡ ǡ ȌǢ ƒǦ±†”‘ǣ Žƒ••‹ϐ‹‡† ˆ‘”‡•– ‘ˆ ‘‘‰ƒ‰ƒǤ ͶιͶͺǯ ͸ιʹ͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ ʹ͸ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͻ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 13762 (WAG); Sassandra: 79km NNE Sassandra, Lagako-Tokpeko, along path. 5°20’N 5°50’W. Alt: ͷǡ͹ƒ›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBeentje 47 (MO,UCJ,WAG); 79 km NNE of Sassandra, Lagako-Tokpeko. 5°27’N 5°52’W, 7 May 1975 (fr), Burg, W.J. van der 132 (BR,E,FR,G,GH,IAGB,MA,MO,WAG); 56 km N. of Sassandra, E. of Béyo. 5°18’N 6°20’W. Alt: 90m, (fr), Leeuwenberg 2536 (WAG); Tabou: Djiroutou. 5°22’N 7°17’W, 9 April 1986 (fr), Poilecot 1161 (G). LIBERIA, Bong: Bong Range, 32 km N of Kakata. 6°48’N 10°21’W. Alt: 250m, 13 August 1962 (fr), Leeuwenberg 4963 (WAG); Grand Cape Mount: 3 miles N of Settlement of MMAL mine company. 7°21’N 11°07’W, 12 February 1970 (st), Jansen, J.W.A. 1797 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Eastern Province. Putu district. Village: ƒ™‡ƒ‡͹Ͳ‘ˆŠ‹‡Šȋ™‡†”—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ȌǤͷι͵ͲǯͺιͲ͵ǯǡʹ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3641 (A,B,BR,EA,K,P,WAG); north-south ridge of the Putu Hills East Range west of Tiama Town. 5°38.3’N 8°11.1’W. Ž–ǣ ͺʹͲǡ ʹʹ ƒ› ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 6308 (BR,G,K,P,WAG); Montserrado: Duport. 6°16’N 10°40’W, 15 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 1486ȋȌǢ—’‘”–Ǥ͸ιͳ͸ǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 1500 ȋȌǢ‘–•‡””ƒ†‘ǡ‡ƒ”‘”‘˜‹ƒǤ͸ιͳͻǯͳͲιͶͺǯǡͷ —‡ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 5901 (K); ‹„ƒ: Bilimu. 7°24’N 8°36’W, 21 June 1958 (fr), Harley, W.J. 2183ȋȌǢƒ ‘Ǥ͹ι͵Ͳǯͺι͵Ͳǯǡͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡHarley, W.J. 2215 (K,P); East slope of Nimba Mountains. 7°31.4’N 8°30.6’W. Alt: 1310m, 8 April 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9572 (BR,G,MO,P,WAG); Sino: County 51 km N. of Greenville. 5°22’N 8°52’W, 10 April 1962 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3782 (K,WAG); Sapo NP, buffer zone, just east of Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 110m, 28 November 2002 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 5516 (BR,WAG); inside Sapo National Park near Camp 6. 5°18.28’N 8°44.83’W. Alt: 198m, 16 ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9733 (WAG); Sapo National Park not far from Camp 6. 5°18.5’N 8°44.9’W. Alt: 3 ’Ǥͳͻͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͻʹ 220m, 23 November 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9855 ȋ ȌǢ ‹‘‡ Ǥ ”—‘Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ ͻιͳͺǯǡ ͳʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Baldwin jr 11389 (K).   , ǣ ͳͶ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Tuley 913 (K); 17 March 1966 (fr), Ariwaodo ARS 1178 (K); Akwa-Ibom Stateǣ ͵Ͳ  Ǥ‘ˆ ‡–Ǥ Ͷι͵͸ǯ ͺιͳ͸ǯǡ ͸ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1172 (WAG); South ƒ•–‡”–ƒ–‡Ǥ–—„„• ”‡‡ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡͵ͲǤ‘ˆ‡–ǤͶι͵͸ǯͺιͳ͸ǯǡ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1184 (WAG); Eket district, Southern Nigeria. 4°39’N 7°56’E, 1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. 3271 (BR); Uyo distr. Eket. Ͷι͵ͻǯ͹ιͷ͸ǯǡ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 55278 (FHO,K); Cross River State: Old Calabar. 4°57’N ͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomson, W.C. 95 (E,K); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20 km ENE of Calabar. 5°00’N 8°30’E, ͵ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1156 (WAG); Oban Group Forest Reserve, east Block. 5°08’N 8°34’E. Alt: ͳͷͲǡͳͷ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1291 (WAG); Oban Group Forest Reserve, West Block. Cut line from ’‹ŽŽƒ”ͷͳǤͷιʹͷǯͺι͵͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͲǡͳͻ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1363 (WAG); road from Calabar to Oban ʹ‹Ž‡•‘ˆƒŽƒ„ƒ”ǤͶιͷͺǯͺιʹ͵ǯǡ͸ƒ›ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1516 (WAG); Oban, S of Mbarakom. 5°13’N 8°20’E, 15 May 1971 (fr), Meer, P.P.C. van 1645 (WAG); Old Ndebiji. 5°35’N 8°50’E, 11 February 1946 (st), Aninze FHI 15408ȋȌǢ„—†—†‹˜Ǥ‘ˆ‰‘Œƒ”‘˜‹ ‡Ǥϐ‹‹˜‡” ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤǤ„‘—†ƒ”›‡ƒ”’‹ŽŽƒ”ͶͶǤ ͸ιͶͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡͳ —‡ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 18954 (FHO); 56-57 miles posts, Osomba on Calabar-Mamfe ”‘ƒ†Ǥͷιʹ͹ǯͺι͵ͻǯǡʹͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡOnyeachusim FHI 54037 (K); ‡Ž–ƒ–ƒ–‡: Oware. 5°31’N 5°45’E, ͳͺͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Palisot de Beauvois s.n. ȋ ȌǢ ‡†‡Ž –ƒ–‡Ǥ Ǥ ‘ˆ ˆˆ‡”—ǡ  ‘ˆ ƒ””‹ǡ ϐ‹”•– Œ— –‹‘ ‹ ‡‹ ‹–› Road. 5°34’N 5°47’E. Alt: 10m, 30 March 1977 (st), Leeuwenberg 11293 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Edo State: Abe –ƒ—‰›ƒǡ‡ƒ”ƒ’‘„ƒȋ‘ˆ‡‹ȌǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹ͹ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLowe, J. 1715 (K); Okomu Forest ‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‘’ƒ”–‡–‘Ǥ͸ιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡʹͶ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 8921 (FHO,K); Okomu Forest Reserve, ‘’ƒ”–‡–‘ǤͷͷǤ͸ιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBrenan 8994 (FHO); Okomu Forest Reserve, Compartment No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 21 February 1948 (fr), Brenan 9094 (FHO,K); Usonigbe. 5°59’N 6°11’E, 19 October 1949 (fr), Ujor FHI 15286 (K). 2Ƭ  , ƒ‘‘± •Žƒ†: Boca, Mponts, Hafé. (districto Novo Destino). 0°18’N 6°39’E. Alt: ͸ͲͲǡƒ›ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡMoller, A.F. 1ȋǡ ȌǢ —Ž‹ƒƒ†‡‘—•ƒǤͲιͳͳǯ͸ιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͲͲǡ͵ͳ —Ž›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡ Espirito Santo 3974 (COI,LISC).  , Casamanceǣ±‰‹‘†ǯ—••‘—›‡ǣƒ‡‡Ǥͳʹι͵ͳǯͳ͸ι͵͵ǯǡʹ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 5863 (BR); ±‰‹‘†ǯ—••‘—›‡ǣ‹ƒ–Š‡‡Ǥͳʹιʹͻǯͳ͸ι͵͹ǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 6235 (BR); Région d’Oussouye: Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 4 August 1963 (st), Berhaut 6295 (BR); Région d’Oussouye: Santiaba mandjac. ͳʹι͵͵ǯͳ͸ι͵͵ǯǡʹͲƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 7246 (BR); Région d’Oussouye: Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W, ʹʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 7697 (BR); Ziguinchor: Boukitingo près d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°35’W. Alt: ͺǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡVanden Berghen 5302 (BR); Boukitingo près d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 1 August ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Vanden Berghen 5308 ȋȌǢ ”±‰‹‘ †ǯ—••‘—›‡ǣ —••‘—›‡Ǥ ͳʹιʹͻǯ ͳ͸ι͵͵ǯǡ ʹ͵ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͸͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Berhaut 5743 (BR); Santiaba-Mandjak. 12°22’N 16°33’W. Alt: 8m, 21 September 1985 (fr), Vanden Berghen 7544 (BR); région d’Oussouye: Oukout. 12°28’N 16°33’W, 3 October 1961 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 18227 (BR).  , ǣȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); ȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡTurner (Sierra Leone 1826- Miss) s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡVogel, J.R.T. 104 (K); 1867 (fr), Vogel, J.R.T. 134 ȋȌǢ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wallace, C.V. 182 (FHO); Eastern Provinceǣ ͳͻ͸Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bakshi 189 (K); ‘”–Š‡” Provinceǣ ƒƒƒǤ ͺι͵ͳǯ ͳʹιͳ͹ǯǡ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 4573 (K); Southern Province: Lake Mabesi ȋ——— ”‹ȌǤ ͹ιͷ͸ǯ ͳʹιͶͻǯǡ ͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͷͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jackson, W. 24 (K); Boma (Pukumu Krim). 7°56’N 12°49’W, 10 January 1954 (fr), Jackson, W. 26ȋȌǢ ‘Žƒˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ιͳ͸ǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͻ’”‹ŽͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡSmall, D. 603ȋǡȌǢŒƒŽƒǤͺιͲ͹ǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳʹ —Ž›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 5558 (K,P); Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 23 July ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 5568ȋȌǢŒƒŽƒǤͺιͲ͹ǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 5592 (K,P); Western Areaǣͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͹Ͷǡͳʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡMelville, F.A. 16 (K,P); Havelock. 8°29’N 13°14’W, April ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡGledhill 20 (K); Very near top of Sugar Loaf Mont. 8°25’N 13°14’W. Alt: 716m, 13 August 1958 (fr), Melville, F.A. 75ȋȌǢ ‡††Ž‡• ƒ”ȋ‘Ž‘‰—Ž‹ȌǤͺι͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡƒ›ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡLane-Poole 117 (K); 8 March ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐŽȌǡNielsen, E. 1661ȋȌǢ‡‹ ‡•–‡”ǡƒ„‘˜‡ ”‡‡–‘™Ǥͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡʹͻƒ” ŠͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡHepper 2488 ȋȌǢ™ƒ›–‘‡•–‡”’‡ƒǤͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͺͻͳȋϐŽȌǡScott Elliot 3834 (K); Bay on South Side of ƒŽ‡‹˜‡”Ǥͺιͳ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǡʹͳ —‡ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 4318 (K).  , Western Provinceǣ •Šƒ•Šƒ ‘”‰‡ǤͲιͷͶǯʹͻιͶʹǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡHafashimana 479 (K); ™‹†‹ ’‡‡–”ƒ„Ž‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡȋƒ›‘œƒȌǤͲιͷͶǯʹͻιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͶͲͲǡʹͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡNkuutu BW95U 004 (C). Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Cheek et al. (2004), Farron (1963, 1985), 3.7 Materials and Methods Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hooker & Bentham (1849), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Tieghem (1902). Campylospermum sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Farron Fig. ʹͶ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 401 (1965). – Cercanthemum sacleuxii Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 198 (June 1902). – Ouratea sacleuxii ȋ‹‡‰ŠǤȌ ‡‡–Œ‡ǡ –ƒϐ‹–‹ ͳȋʹȌǣ ͹Ͳ (1988). – Gomphia sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 50 (2005). – Type: Sacleux 1551 (holotype: P!; isotype: P!), Tanzania, Zanzibar, Ngourou, September 1894. Tree up to 15 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, fused and present on internode, triangular, ͷȂͺ  Ž‘‰. Leaf: petiole ͵Ȃ͸  long; leaf blade obovate to narrowly elliptic-obovate or narrowly elliptic-obspathulate, ȋͳʹȂȌͳ͸Ȃ͵ͲȋȂ͵͵Ȍ š ȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͳͲȋȂͳ͵Ȍ , ratio ʹǤʹȂͶǤͲ, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous, slightly bullate, medium green above, paler green below, dull on both sides, margin serrate, teeth ending in a dark tipǢ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†–‘•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡–ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ•‘‡–‹‡••—‡‹ the basal half, prominent below, main lateral veins 13–25 on either side, ͸Ȃʹͷƒ’ƒ”–, above prominent but often running through a gully due to the bullateness of the leaf, prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib,’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Žƒ–ϐ‹”•–„—––‘™ƒ”†• the margin slightly curved upward and often splitting into two nerves before reaching the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂʹ in between each pair of main lateral veins, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main lateral veins, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary (sometimes subterminal and just below the small terminal bud), unbranched, lax, its main axis ϐŽƒ––‡‡†, (7–)9–28(–39) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; ›—Ž‡• ͲǤͷȂͳȋȂʹȌ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂͺǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ „”ƒ –• persistent, triangular, ʹȂ͵  long. Flower: pedicel 5–15(–20) mm long, articulated at 1–2 mm from the base; sepals ovateǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”͸Ȃ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͹ȂͺšʹȂͶǡ„ƒ•‡rounded, apex acute; petals obovate, (8–)10–12 x 4–6 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 6–7 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 7–10 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 1 mm thick in ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ʹȂ͵Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘ʹ™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡””‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ǡobovoid, 5–6 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: This species is only known from southernmost Kenya and Tanzania and has the same distribution area as C. • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ (Engl. & Gilg) Farron. These two species also share a close resemblance in terms of leaf venation pattern and the axillary, unbranched and ϐŽƒ––‡‡† ’‡†— Ž‡Ǥ C. sacleuxii differs from C. • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ by its generally much longer ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ†„”‘ƒ†‡”Ž‡ƒ˜‡•™‹–Šƒƒ —–‡–‘ƒ —‹ƒ–‡ȋ‘–”‘—†‡†–‘‘„–—•‡Ȍ apex and scalariform (not mainly reticulate) tertiary venation being perpendicular to the main laterals. 3 ’Ǥͳͻ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤͳͻͶ Distribution: southern Kenya and Tanzania (Map ʹͷ). Ecology: lowland forest, dry evergreen forest, riparian forest; at 40–1400 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”• ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ǡ April and from July to December; fruits observed from January to April, in June and from September to December. IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹͻǡͳͳͶ km2ǡ αʹͻǡͶͷͺ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͸ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͷͶȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‹••’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ•ƒ comparatively limited area of distribution, there is a fair amount of herbarium specimens (30) which suggests it is not rare. Although we have not seen specimens collected in the last decade, several others originate from Forest Reserves such as Lunguza, Lukoga, Mtibwa in Tanzania and Shimba in Kenya. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: A C E B  ‹‰—”‡ʹͶǤ Campylospermum sacleuxii. A. Flower. B. Ovary. C. Anther. . Fruiting branch. E. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani , CoastǣŠ‹„ƒ ‹ŽŽ•ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRoss, K.S. s.n. (EA); Shimba Hills (Longomwagandi area). 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 1400m, 10 February 1968 (fr), Magogo 52 (BR,K); Shimba Hills (Longomwagandi area). 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 442m, 21 February 1968 (fr), Magogo 166 (BR,EA,K,UPS); Shimba Hills, Longo Mwagandi. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 381m, 12 April 1968 (fr), Magogo 808 (K); Shimba Hills. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 304m, ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡSturrock 2309 (EA); Shimba Hills Game Reserve. 1 miles east of junction with main road; ‘”‘ƒ†–‘ ‡”‹ƒƒ‘‹–ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͲͶǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSpjut 2728 (EA,K); Shimba Hills, Longomagandi. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 390m, 18 March 1991 (st), Luke 2735 (EA,K); Longo Magandi Forest or Makadara forest. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 480m, 9 December 1975 (fr), Kokwaro 4009 (EA); Gangari Forest. 4°23’S ͵ͻιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLuke 4542 (K); Gogoni. 4°25’S 39°28’E, June 1962 (fr), Birch 62/ 62ȋȌǢŠ‹„ƒ ‹ŽŽ•ǡ‘‰‘ƒ‰ƒ†‹ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͺͲǡ͹’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFaden 69/ 491 (EA).  , Morogoro: Kilombero West Scarp Forest Reserve, T7. 8°03’S 36°20’E. Alt: 400m, 6 March 1996 (fr), Frimodt-Møller 160 (K); Turiani. 6°09’S 37°35’E, November 1953 (fr), Paulo, S. 196 (EA,K); Mtibwa Forest ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͸ιͲ͹ǯ͵͹ι͵ͻǯǡ—‰—•–ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡSemsei 913 (EA,K); Matundu, Ifakara. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 17 September ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKisena 1438 (K); Matundu, Ifakara. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 17 September 1994 (fr), Kisena 1442 (K); —”‹ƒ‹Ǥ͸ιͲͻǯ͵͹ι͵ͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡSemsei 1471 (EA,K); Lukoga Forest Reserve. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 6 November 1961 (fr), Semsei 3391ȋǡȌǢƒŒ‡ ƒŽŽ•Ǥ͹ιͶ͸ǯ͵͸ιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡʹ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡPolhill, R.M. 5122ȋȌǢ—”‹ƒ‹ˆƒŽŽ•Ǥ͸ιͲͻǯ͵͹ι͵ͷǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡBurtt, B.D. 5406 (BM,EA,K); Eastern province. ͸ιͲͺǯ͵͹ι͵ͷǯǡͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 8284 (FHO,K,WAG); Ngambaula forest reserve. 6°59’S 37°44’E. Ž–ǣ͵ͲͲǡʹʹ—‰—•–ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMhoro, E.B. UMBCP 409 (C,MO); Tanga: Amani. 5°06’S 38°38’E, January 1951 (st), Paol, S. 1 (EA,K); Sigi valley, 8 miles below Amani, c 1500 ft., 457m, 5°06’S 38°39’E. Alt: 457m, 29 ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Verdcourt 1750 (BR,EA,K); Longuza at 170 m.a.s.l. 5°03’S 38°42’E, 7 October 1986 (st), Ruffo 1867 (C,K); Longuza. 5°03’S 38°42’E, 20 October 1986 (fr), Ruffo 1933 (K); Lunguza Forest, Zamaa ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKibuwa 2998 (EA); Muheza, Zamaa Sigi river. 5°10’S 38°48’E, 3.7 Materials and Methods ͳ͸ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kibuwa 5487 (UPS); Korogwe by Sigi R. below Longuza Hill. 5°06’S 38°42’E, 19 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 8348 (C,FHO,K); East Usambara Mts along the Sigi river between Mangubu and Fanusi villages. 5°08’S 38°39’E. Alt: 200m, 29 October 1986 (fr), Borhidi 86/ 294 (UPS). Key literature: Beentje (1994), Farron (1965), Tieghem (1902c), Verdcourt (2005). ƒ’›Ž‘•’‡”—• Š‡ˆϐŽ‡”‹ȋ‰ŽǤƬ ‹Ž‰Ȍ ƒ””‘ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 401 (1965). – Exomicrum • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ (Engl & Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst., 33: 262 (1904).– Gomphia • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ (Gilg) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 48 (2005). – Type:  Š‡ˆϔŽ‡” 189 (holotype: B†; isotype: E!, EA!, K!, Z!), Tanzania, Derema, Ugamba, 1899. Ouratea schusteri ‹Ž‰‡š‰ŽǤǡϐŽƒœ‡™Ǥˆ”Ǥ͵ǡʹǣ͵ͺͻȋͳͻʹͳȌǤȂGomphia • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ subsp. schusteri (Engl.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 49 (2005). – Neotype (designated here): Schlieben 2825 (holotype: B!; isotypes: G!, LISC!, MA!, P!, Z!), Tanzania, Bezirk Morogoro, Uluguru Gebirge, NW seite, October 18th 1932. syn. nov. ‘’Š‹ƒ• Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹subsp. taitensis Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 49 (2005). –Type: Drummond & Hemsley 4342 (holotype: K!; isotype: EA!), Kenya, Taita Hills, 8 km NNE of Ngerenyi, Ngangao, September 15th, 1953. syn. nov. Tree up to 25 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 5–10 mm long; leaf blade elliptic to oblong-elliptic or oblong, ȋͶȂȌ͸ȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌšȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͷȋȂ͹Ȍ ǡratioʹȂͶǤͷ, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to rounded, parchmentaceous to coriaceous, not bullate, glossy green ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’ƒŽ‡”‰”‡‡„‡Ž‘™ǡƒ”‰‹•‡””—Žƒ–‡–‘•ŠƒŽŽ‘™Ž›•‘Ǣ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡† above, prominent below, main lateral veins 13–20 on either side, 5–12 mm apart, •Ž‹‰Š–Ž›’”‘‹‡–ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–„‡Ž‘™ǡ‘”‡‘”Ž‡••ƒ–ƒ‘„Ž‹“—‡–‘”‹‰Š–ƒ‰Ž‡ with the midrib and curved upwards toward the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation with few scalariform veins perpendicular to the midrib but otherwise reticulate, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary, unbranched, lax, its main axis 3–15 cm long, ϐŽƒ––‡‡†; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; cymules 1–2 cm apart, ʹȂ͸ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –•’‡”•‹•–‡–ǡ–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ǤͳŽ‘‰ǤFlower: pedicel 6–11 mm long, ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†ƒ–ͳȂ͵ˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•‡ŽŽ‹’–‹ ǡ͵ȂͷšʹȂͶ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵Ȃ͸šʹȂͷ mm in fruit, base cuneate, apex acute; petals oblanceolate-oblong to obovate, 4–10 x 1–6 mm, base shortly clawed, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm, style c. 4 mm long. Fruitǣ”‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ ǤͳŠ‹‰Š‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͵š͵‹ fruit; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, obovoid, c. 7 x 6 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size. Notes: Verdcourt (2005) distinguished three subspecies based on the shape and size of the petals and the distinctness of the tertiary venation. After having studied all material available, we conclude that both characters are too variable, not constant even within 3 ’Ǥͳͻͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥͳͻ͸ a subspecies, to be able to make a clear distinction within the material. The tertiary venation can even vary between duplicates of the same collection. Thus, we decided not to recognize Verdcourt’s subspecies. The name Ouratea schusteri was published without a reference to a specimen that could •‡”˜‡ƒ•–Š‡–›’‡Ǥ –†‘‡•‰‹˜‡DzŽ—‰—”—ǡ—’ƒ‰ƒdzƒ•–Š‡‘”‹‰‹ǡ„—–‘•’‡ ‹‡ ‘—Ž† be traced that bears this indication and was collected before 1921. We conclude that the original material was most likely destroyed during World War II in Berlin and were forced to select a Neotype. We opted for Schlieben 2825 because it originates from the same mountain ridge, duplicates are present in at least six herbaria, and it comprises ‘’Ž‡–‡ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǤ C. • Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”‹ is close to C. sacleuxii; see below that species for the distinctive characters. Distribution: southern Kenya and Tanzania (Map ʹ͸). Ecology: evergreen and deciduous forest, montane forest, swampy forest, on steep slopes, along streams and on shallow rocky soil; at 1400–2150 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘ ƒ—ƒ”›–‘’”‹Žƒ†ˆ”‘ September to December. IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͸͸ǡͲʹͶ2ǡαͷͻǡʹͲͳ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͵Ͷȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͸͵ȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‹••’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ•ƒ ‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›Ž‹‹–‡†ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆ†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ǡ there is a fair amount of herbarium specimens (47) which suggests it is not uncommon. It is found in Udzungwa National Park in Tanzania in Forest Reserve such as Shagayu Uluguru, Ndundulu, Lutindi, Shagai in Tanzania and Taita hills in Kenya, and its most recent collection dates from 2011. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: , Coastǣƒ‹–ƒ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯ͵ͺιʹͲǯǡʹͲͳͳȋϐŽȌǡRoelen 105 (BR); Mbololo Forest. 3°19’S 38°27’E. Alt: ͳͺͷͲǡ ͳ͵ ƒ› ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Taita Hills Expedition 407 (K,US); Ngangao Forest. 3°22’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1875m, ͳ͹ ƒ› ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Taita Hills Expedition 571 (BR,US); Western side of Mbololo Hill forest. 3°17’S 38°28’E. Ž–ǣͳ͹ͷͲǡ͹ —Ž›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡKamau Wakanene 638 (EA,K); Ngangao Forest. 3°22’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1875m, 19 ƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡTaita Hills Expedition 758ȋȌǢ„‘Ž‘Ž‘ ‘”‡•–Ǥ͵ιͳͻǯ͵ͺιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͺͷͲǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡ Taita Hills Expedition 952 (US); Ngangao, 5 miles N.N.E. of Ngerenyi Teita Hill. 3°25’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1850m, ͳͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDrummond, R.B. 4342 (B,EA,K); Kisigau, Rukanga route-false peak. 3°50’S 38°40’E. Ž–ǣͳͶͺͲǡͳ —‡ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡLuke 5364 (EA,K); Taita Hills, Mbololo Hill (Mraru ridge). 3°21’S 38°27’E. Alt: 1850m, 17 October 1970 (st), Faden 70/ 724 (EA); Mt Kasigau, route from Rukanga to summit. 3°50’S 38°40’E. Alt: 1645m, 5 April 1983 (st), Faden 71/ 183 (B,EA); Taita hills, Mbololo Hill. 3°20’S 38°27’E. Alt: 1600m, 29 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡFaden 71/ 977 (EA,K,UPS); Taita hills, Mbololo Hill (Mraru Ridge). 3°19’S 38°27’E. Alt: ͳ͹ͷͲǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡFaden 72/ 278 (EA,K,UPS).  , Iringa: Uzungwa Mountain NP. Sonjo-Mwanihana Route. 7°49’S 36°51’E, 8 November 1997 (fr), Luke 5075 (EA,K); Udzungwa Mountain National Park, Pt 224. 7°46’S 36°50’E. Alt: 1500m, 28 September ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡLuke 7907 (BR,EA,K,MO,NHT,US); Ndundulu Forest Reserve, ridge N. of Camp 590. 7°47’S 36°30’E. Alt: 1460m, 9 September 2004 (fr), Luke 10423 (EA,K); Udzungwa Scarp F.R. 8°23’S 35°58’E. Alt: 1950m, 18 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡFrimodt-Møller TZ 686 (C,K); Morogoro: Uluguru South forest reserve, Morogoro region. 1.8 km southeast of Kimhandu hill. 7°11’S 37°41’E. Alt: 2154m, 16 October 1993 (fr), Høst 107 (C); Lupanga ‡ƒǤ͸ιͷʹǯ͵͹ιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͹ͲͲǡ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡLovett, J.C. 143 (K); Lupanga Peak. 6°52’S 37°43’E. Alt: ͳͺͲͲǡ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡLovett, J.C. 144 (K); Uluguru, burdiku. 7°10’S 37°40’E. Alt: 1859m, 27 January 1935 ȋϐŽȌǡBruce 672 (BM,K); N.W. Uluguru N. forest Reserve; rigde to the east of Mwere Valley. 6°55’S 37°40’E. Alt: ͳ͸ͷͲǡʹʹ —Ž›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡMabberley 1257 (K); Morogo: Uluguru-Gebirge NW seite. 6°55’S 37°50’E, 18 October 3.7 Materials and Methods ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡSchlieben 2825 (B,G,LISC,MA,P,Z); Mwanihana F.R. above Sanje village. 7°50’S 36°55’E. Alt: 1700m, ͳͲ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͺͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 3834 (K); Bez. Morogoro, Uluguru-Geb. NW seite. 6°55’S 37°50’E. Alt: ͳ͹ͲͲǡʹͳ —‡ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡSchlieben 4011 (B,BM,G,K,MA,US,Z); Lupanga, N.W slope; Uluguru, near Morogoro. ͸ιͷʹǯ͵͹ιͶ͵ǯǡͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarris, B.J. 4098 (EA); Lupanga Peak. 6°52’S 37°42’E. Alt: 1800m, 26 —‡ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡPolhill, R.M. 4921ȋȌǢ‘”‘‰‘”‘Ǧ—’ƒ‰ƒ’‡ƒǤ͸ιͷʹǯ͵͹ιͶ͵ǯǡͳ͸—‰—•–ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡGreenway 8620 ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢ ‘†™ƒ ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ͸ιͶͻǯ ͵͹ιͶͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͸Ͷ͸ǡ ʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cribb, P.J. 10393 (K); —„‡Š‘ǣ™‹˜ƒ ’–ͳ͹Ǧ’–ͳͺǤ͹ιͲ͹ǯ͵͸ι͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲ͵Ͳǡͳ —‡ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡLuke 11079 (EA,NHT); Tanga: Šƒ‰ƒ›—ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͶι͵Ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͻͺͳǡ’”‹Žͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡProcter 161 (EA,K); Usambara, Derema. 5°05’S 38°38’E, 1899 (fr),  Š‡ˆϔŽ‡”ͷ;Ϳȋǡǡǡ ǡǡ ǡȌǢͶι͵Ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͻͺͳǡȋϐŽȌǡProcter 217 (EA,K); ƒ‹ǤͷιͲ͸ǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBurtt, B.D. 446ȋȌǢͷιͲ͸ǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡZimmermann, N. 1100 ȋȌǢ ǤǤ Šƒ‰ƒ‹ ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ ʹ  ǤǤ —‰ƒǡ ‡•– •ƒ„ƒ”ƒ•Ǥ Ͷι͵ʹǯ ͵ͺιͳͶǯǡ ʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Drummond, R.B. 1414 (B,EA,K); 5°06’S 38°38’E, 7 October 1905 (fr), Braun, K.P.J.G. 3426 (EA); 5°06’S 38°37’E, 1 March 1913 (fr), Amani 3886 (FHO); 5°06’S 38°38’E, March (fr), Grote 3886 (EA,K); 5°06’S 38°38’E, 18 April 1922 (fr), Dancarlos 6049ȋǡȌǢŠƒ‰ƒ‹ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͶι͵ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǡ —‡ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡEggeling 6152 (EA,K); ƒ‰ƒ”ƒ™‡ǡǤ•ƒ„ƒ”ƒ•ǤͷιͻͲǯ͵ͺιʹͻǯǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 8359 (FHO); West Usambara Mts. Shagayu F.R. NW slope of the summit 2.5 km ENE of Shagayu Sawmill. 4°30’S 38°18’E. Alt: 1950m, 14 March ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡBorhidi 84/ 854 (UPS); West Usambara Mts. Shagayu F.R. SE ridge of Shagein peak. 4°58’S 39°00’E. Ž–ǣͳͻ͵Ͳǡʹʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBorhidi 86/ 102 (K,UPS); East Usambara Mts, Lutindi Forest Reserve, Nilo ’‡ƒƒ”‡ƒǤͶιͷ͵ǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͶͶͲǡͳͳƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡIversen, S.T. 87/ 468 (K); Amani. 5°06’S 38°38’E, 1903 ȋϐŽȌǡWarnecke Amani 245 (BM,E,EA,K,Z); Sangarawe. 5°08’S 38°37’E, 9 November 1916 (fr), Zimmermann, N. g 6665 (EA); 5°05’S 38°36’E, 27 February 1917 (fr), Zimmermann, N. g 6666 (EA). Key literature: Dale & Greenway (1961), Farron (1963, 1985), Verdcourt (2005). Campylospermum schoenleinianum (Klotzsch) Farron. ‹‰Ǥʹͷ Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia schoenleiniana Klotzsch, Abhandl. Kön. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1856, Phys. Abhandl.: 238, tab. IV (1857). – Monelasmum schoenleinianum (Klotzsch) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (June 1903). – Ouratea schoenleiniana (Klotzsch) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 264 (1904). – Type: Schoenlein s.n. (holotype: B†). Lectotype (designated here): Tab. IV in Klotzsch, Abhandl. Kön. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1856, Phys. Abhandl.: 238 (1857). Tree up to 10 m tall, rarely scrambling, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade elliptic-obovate to narrowly so or narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ȋͺȂȌͳʹȂ͵͵šȋʹȂ Ȍ͵ȂͳͲǤͷ , ratio (ʹǤ͵ȂȌʹǤ͹ȂͷǤͷ base cordate to auriculate, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous to papery, not bullate, margin entire to serrulate, upper side glossy dark ‰”‡‡ǡŽ‘™‡”•‹†‡„”‹‰Š–‰”‡‡Ǣ˜‡ƒ–‹‘ǣ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–‹–Š‡„ƒ•ƒŽ half below, main lateral veins 20–30 on either side, ͷȂͳͲȋȂͳͷȌƒ’ƒ”–, prominent to slightly so above, not prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib and curved upwards, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂʹ‹„‡–™‡‡•—„•‡“—‡–ƒ‹‘‡•, not or •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› ’”‘‹‡– ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ –‡”–‹ƒ”›˜‡ƒ–‹‘ • ƒŽƒ”‹ˆ‘”ƒ† ’‡”’‡†‹ —Žƒ”–‘ ‘„Ž‹“—‡ to the main lateral veins, but reticulate towards the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched or rarely unbranched, lax, slender, pendulous, its main axis (10–)12–27(–39) cm long, cylindrical; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, few, triangular, 2–5 mm long; racemes ȋͲ–)ͳȂ͹ǡȋ͵ȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͲȋȂʹ͹Ȍ  long; cymules ͷȂʹͲƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͸ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†; bracts persistent, c. 1 mm long. Flower: 3 ’Ǥͳͻ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at c. 2 mm from the base; sepals ovate to narrowly ovateǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂ͹šʹȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–͸Ȃ͹š͵ǡƒ’‡šƒ —–‡Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•broadly obovate –‘„”‘ƒ†Ž›•’ƒ–Š—Žƒ–‡ǡ͸Ȃͻšͷ–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 5 mm thick; drupelets 2 to 5 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid to globose, 6–8 x 6–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size. 3 ’Ǥͳͻͺ NotesǣŠ‡Žƒš‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ ƒ””›‹‰™‡ŽŽǦ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†”ƒ ‡‡•”‡ƒ†‹Ž›†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡•–Š‹• species from the rest of the West African ones with a cordate to auriculate leaf base. Since the holotype has been destroyed in Berlin and no duplicates or other original plant material could be traced, we are forced to designate the accompanying plate, which should also be regarded as part of the original material (McNeill, 2012 (Melbourne Code): Art. 9.3), as the lectotype (McNeill, 2012 (Melbourne Code): Art. 9.12). Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast and south-western Ghana (Map ʹ͹). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on gentle slopes, in inundated forest, in riverine and gallery forest; on sandy, loamy and lateritic soil; at 20–680 m altitude. Phenologyǣƒ–—”‡ϐŽ‘™‡”•ƒ†ˆ”—‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ƒŽ‘•–ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: Ivory Coast: abbey (Naé). Uses: In Ivory Coast, a decoction of the root-bark is taken in very small doses as a strong purgative (Burkill 1997) IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ α͵Ͷ͸ǡ͸ͷͷ 2ǡ αͶʹͶǡͶͳ͸ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͻͶ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͳͳ͹ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•™‡ŽŽ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†‹Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰‹–‹•‘– uncommon. It is found inside and outside protected areas and has numerous recent collections. Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned. Specimens examined:  ȋ Ȍ, ǣ 28 September 1965 (fr), Farron 4627 (P). , Western Regionǣ ‡ƒ” š‹Ǥ Ͷιͷʹǯ ʹιͳͶǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 2209 (E,K); Subri F.R ‘„‘—†ƒ”›Ǥͷιͳͺǯͳιͷͻǯǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡFoggie 5119 (FHO); Subiri F.R. (Benso). 5°09’N 1°54’W, ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡAndoh FH 5573 (K,P).  , Faranah: région de Kissidougou (Sangalibadou). 9°14’N 10°02’W, February 1950 (st), Schnell 4625 ȋȌǢ ‡” Ž‡ †‡ ƒ”ƒƒŠǤ ‹„‹‘—†ƒǤ ͻιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͵ͳ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 20614 (K,P); œ±”±‘”±: Ténémadou. 8°46’N 9°08’W, 1949 (st), Adam, J.-.G. 3395 (BR); Nimba Mountain. 7°37’N 8°25’W, ʹͻ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 6327 (P); Nimba Mountains, Gba River valley. 7°41.5’N 8°24.7’W. Alt: ͷͻͲǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7510 (WAG); Nimba Mountains, forest on low altitude N of Mifergui ƒ’Ǥ͹ιͶʹǤͺǯͺιʹ͵Ǥ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͵ͲǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8077 (P,WAG); Nimba Mountains, E of ‹‘Ǥ͹ι͵ͷǤ͹ǯͺιʹͺǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͸ͷǡͳͳ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8197 (WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°58.4’N 9°06.8’W. Alt: 640m, 14 May 2011 (st), Jongkind 10800 (BR,MO,WAG); Nimba Mountains, Cavally ‹˜‡” ‡•– ‘ˆ – ‡ Ž‡” Ǥ ͹ι͵ͻǤ͸͵ǯ ͺιʹͷǤͻͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͻͷǡ ʹʹ ‡’–‡„‡” ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 11180 (MO); Cavally River west of the Nimba mountains. 7°43.76’N 8°26.26’W. Alt: 527m, 10 July 2012 (st), Jongkind 11450 ȋȌǢ‘ˆ‘ǤͳͻǤͳͳ†Ǥ͹ιͶͲǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 16052 (G). IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Campus. 5°21’N 4°00’W, December 1972 (fr), Frédoux 162 (G); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W, ͳͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 533 (WAG); P.N. Banco. 5°24’N 4°05’W, 2 January 1985 (st), Poilecot 633 (G); Grand Bassam. 5°14’N 3°45’W, December 1949 (st), Schnell 3932 (P); Abidjan, Banco Forest Reserve. ͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 4080 (BR,MO,WAG); Adjopé-Azaguié. 5°38’N 4°06’W, 7 A 3.7 Materials and Methods B ‹‰—”‡ʹͷ. Campylospermum schoenleinianum. A. Leaf blade. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹ͹. Distribution of Campylospermum schoenleinianum 3 ’Ǥͳͻͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͲͲ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͷͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Roberty 12620 ȋ ǡȌǢ ƒ„‘—Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ Ͷιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 15261 (LY); †‹‘’‘†‘—±ǡǤ͵ͲǤͺˆǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͺǯǡ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 15388 (G); Dabou. 5°20’N 4°23’W, ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 15465ȋȌǢ ‘”²–†‡ƒ ‘Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹ͹’”‹ŽͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 15862 (G); ƒ„‘—ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19261ȋȌǢƒ„‘—ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19469 (P); Agboville: 3 km north of Abbé 50 km north of Abidjan, along road to Abengourou. 5°42’N 3°59’W. Ž–ǣͷͲǡʹͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 28ȋ ȌǢƒ’‘ǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡʹ͸ —Ž›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 144 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ’‘Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͲͷǯǡ ʹͺ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͷ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 584 (WAG); Forêt de l’Abbé. ”‡Ž‡˜±͵ʹǤͷιͶͲǯͶιͲͲǯǡͳ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡChatelain 772 (G); Agboville, forêt de Yapo,relevé 43. 5°44’N 4°08’W, 18 January 1992 (fr), Chatelain 950 (G); Yapo. 5°44’N 4°08’W, 4 December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 1050 (G); ƒ’‘ǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹʹ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 12126 (G,Z,Z); ‘—ƒ±: Kokondekro. 7°38’N 5°02’W, 10 October 1991 (st), Téré 1956 (G); ƒŽ‘ƒ: F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Sud. Piste de V12, layon 28. 6°56’N 6°59’W, 14 February 1994 (st), Kouamé 1086 (CSRS,G); Forêt classée du Haut Sassandra. 6°56’N 6°59’W, 14 February 1994 (st), Kouamé 1086 (G); ƒƒ±ǣ ͳ  Ǥ   ‡ƒŽ‡Ǥ ͹ι͵͵ǯ ͺιʹͷǯǡ ͳ͹ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͸͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Geerling 1824 (K,WAG); —±‘—±: Plantation planche, Pinhou. 6°37’N 7°20’W, 27 January 1969 (fr), Bamps 1950 (BR); Guesabo. 6°44’N 6°59’W, 3 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4508 (P); Grand-Lahou: Nzida. 5°15’N 5°01’W, August ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Nozeran s.n. (P); Guiglo: Releve 15; Champ de riz, W of Gouléako. 5°51’N 7°25’W, 24 July 1983 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRouw, A. de 25ȋ ȌǢ‡Ž‡˜‡͹͹Ǣ ‘—Ž±ƒ‘Ǥͷιͷͳǯ͹ιʹͷǯǡͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRouw, A. de 107 ȋ ȌǢ ǤǤ ƒÃǤ ͷιͷͲǯ ͹ιͳͲǯǡ ʹͳ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͺ͸ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Gautier, L. 400 (CSRS,G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 4 December 1979 (fr), Knecht 979ȋ ȌǢ‹‡ ‘—Žƒ͵ͲǤ‘ˆƒ‹Ǥ͸ιͲ͹ǯ͹ι͵Ͳǯǡͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 1034 (WAG); Parc National de Taï, 7 km E of Station de Recherche. 5°54’N 7°18’W. Alt: 200m, 15 November 1986 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5277 (BR,MO,WAG); bassin du Cavally: pays des Yaba, village de ±„‘‡–‡˜‹”‘•ǤͷιͶͳǯ͹ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͲ —Ž›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19391 (P); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 2 March ͳͻͺͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStäuble 1/ 15 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 27 December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 13/ 447 (G); Taï. 5°52’N ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Stäuble 14/ 485 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 20 November 1981 (fr), Stäuble 2/ 362 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 20 November 1981 (fr), Stäuble 23/ 362ȋ ȌǢƒÃǤͷιͷʹǯ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡͶƒ” ŠͳͻͺͳȋϐŽȌǡ Stäuble 25/ 37ȋ ȌǢƒÃǤͷιͷʹǯ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡʹͳƒ” ŠͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡStäuble 5/ 485 (G); Man: F.C. Scio, Pinhou, Lobykro ͷǡ„Ž‘ ͵Ͳƒ” ‡ŽŽ‡ͳͶ͵†‡Žƒ‘†‡ˆ‘”ǡʹͲͲ†‡Žƒ’‹•–‡’”‹ ‹’ƒŽ‡Ǥ͸ιͷͲǯ͹ιͶʹǯǡ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡ Nusbaumer 766 (G); F.C. Scio, Pinhou, Lobykro à 5 km, bloc 28 Parcelle 141 de la Sodefor, près d’un champ à ʹͲͲ†‡Žƒ’‹•–‡’”‹ ‹’ƒŽ‡Ǥ͸ιͷͲǯ͹ιͶʹǯǡͳ͵ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡNusbaumer 783 (G); Man. 7°24’N 7°35’W, 14 March 1931 (fr), Aubréville SF 1057 (P); ƒǦ±†”‘ǣͶιͶͶǯ͸ι͵͹ǯǡ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThoiré 63 (P); San Pedro. 4°44’N 6°37’W, 16 September 1900 (fr), Thoiré 101 (P); Forêt Classée de Monogaga. 4°48.70’N 6°26.20’W. Alt: 20m, 3 December 1997 (fr), Jongkind 4128 (WAG); ‘—„”±: Soubré. 5°47’N 6°36’W, 14 March ͳͻ͹ͻȋϐŽȌǡKnecht 688ȋ ȌǢ—‡‘—±Ǧ„—›‘ͳͷŽǯ†‡„ƒŠ±Ǥ͸ι͵ͷǯ͹ιͳͷǯǡͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2168 (BR,WAG); 43 km E. of Soubré 4 km S.E. of Guédéyo. 5°42’N 6°16’W. Alt: 150m, 16 December 1958 (fr), Leeuwenberg 2176 (B,EA,K,WAG,Z); Tabou: Tabou. 4°25’N 7°21’W, 26 November 1961 (fr), Unknown s.n. (G); ʹͲ‘ˆƒ„‘—ǡ ”‘‹ƒʹͲͲˆ”‘–Š‡•‡ƒǤͶιʹͻǯ͹ιͳ͸ǯǡͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡBurg, W.J. van der 871 (BR,FR,MO,WAG); 17 km N of Grabo. 5°02’N 7°30’W, 14 April 1974 (st), Breteler 7420 (BR,MO,WAG); Grabo. Ͷιͷͷǯ͹ι͵Ͳǯǡʹͺ —Ž›ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19628 (P); pays des Tépo, village de Taté. 4°47’N 7°33’W, ͹—‰—•–ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19798 (P); Vavoua: F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Nord, relevé FNK15, 7°18’N ͹ιͲͳǯǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKouamé 1408 (CSRS,G). LIBERIA, Gbarpoluǣ’‡ŽŽ‡ ‘”‡•–Ǥ‘”–Š‘ˆ ƒ‹’ƒǤ͹ιʹʹǤͲǯͳͲιʹͲǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 10121 (BR,MO,WAG); Kpelle Forest. South of Gainkpa. 7°17.3’N 10°21.2’W. Alt: 340m, 17 December 2010 (fr), Jongkind 10218 (WAG); Grand Bassaǣ —‹„—ǡ ƒ••ƒ ‘—–›Ǥ ͻ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Voorhoeve 65 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ••ƒ ‘Ǥ Ǥ ͷιͶͲǯ ͻι͵ͷǯǡ ʹ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Voorhoeve 700 (WAG); 5°53’N 10°03’W, 10  –‘„‡”ͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDinklage 1849ȋȌǢͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡʹͶ –‘„‡”ͳͺͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDinklage 1856 (B); Zolotown. ͸ιʹͶǯ ͻι͵ͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 16404 (P); Grand Cape Mount: Near Bendu., 6°38’N ͳͳιͳͳǯǡʹ͸—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 5448 (WAG); Robertsport 6°45’N 11°22’W, 28 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10924 (K); Grand Gedeh: east of Tiama Town. 5°38.3’N 8°07.7’W. Alt: 280m, 30 May 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6530 (WAG); Webo, Gwabia 5°16’N 7°53’W, 26 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6710 (K); Grebo Forest. ͷιʹͶǯ͹ιͶͶǯǤŽ–ǣʹͲͲǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7253 (WAG); Monroviatown 6°14’N 8°26’W, 10 August 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 8005 (K); Lofa: 8 miles W of Peahtah across St Pauls River 7°12’N 10°02’W, 11 October 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 1009 (K); North Lorma National Forest. 8°02’N 9°44’W, 20 November 2005 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 6700ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ‘Žƒ ‘”‡•–Ǥ͹ιʹ͹ǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7102 (WAG); Vonjama. 8°25’N 9°45’W, 22 October 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 9918 (K); Genna Loffa 7°54’N 9°59’W, 2 November 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10078 (K); Tawata 7°18’N 10°17’W, November 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10285 (K); near 3.7 Materials and Methods Kondessu. 7°40’N 10°04’W, 15 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10670 (K); Ba, Mano River, near boundary with Grand Cape Mount. 7°40’N 10°45’W, 18 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10702 (K); Montserrado: Within ʹͲ ‹Ž‡• ‘ˆ ƒƒ–‘™Ǥ ͸ι͵ʹǯ ͳͲιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Monrovia. 6°19’N 10°48’W, August ͳͺͻͺȋϐŽȌǡDelafosse s.n. (P); Banks of Farmington River. 6°14’N 10°18’W, 23 December 1943 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 5ȋȌǢͳ‹Ž‡‡ƒ•–‘ˆŽ‡Ǥ͸ιͶʹǯͳͲιͷ͵ǯǡ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLemckert 7 (WAG); Firestone Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹˜‹•‹‘ͳ͵Ǥ͸ιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele 159 (MO,WAG); Gola National ‘”‡•–ǡ‘‹ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 187 (WAG); Gola National Forest, ‘‹ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 188 (WAG); University Forest 16 miles N. of Monrovia. 6°24’N 10°39’W, 14 November 1969 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1689 (WAG); Bomi Hills. (High forest. ‘™Žƒ†ȌǤ ͸ιͷ͵ǯ ͳͲιͶ͹ǯǡ ͻ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jansen, J.W.A. 2232 (WAG); Monrovia. 6°19’N 10°48’W, 22 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDinklage 2869 (Z); ‹„ƒ: National Forest, 18 miles N. of Tapeta. 6°45’N 8°52’W, 15 February 1961 (fr), Voorhoeve 175 (WAG); Nimba County. Road from Tappeta to Ganta 2.5 km N. of Tappeta. Ž‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†Ǥ͸ι͵ͳǯͺιͷͳǯǡʹͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 457ȋ ȌǢ‘ˆ “ƒ’Ǥ ͹ιʹͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡAdames 618 (K,UPS); Gbau 7°01’N 8°43’W, 22 September 1947 ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 9418ȋǡȌǢƒ‹“—‡ŽŽ‹‡Ǥ͹ιͳͻǯͺιͶ͹ǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 13716 (C); Mont Nimba. ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20114 (K,UPS); Mt Nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W. Alt: ͷͲͲǡͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20428ȋȌǢ‡‡’ƒǤ͹ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 24224 ȋȌǢ – ‹„ƒǦ‰”ƒϐ‹‡Ž†Ǥ ‡‡’ƒǤ ͹ι͵ͷǯ ͺι͵ʹǯǡ ͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸ͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 24757 (C); ±±’ƒǤ–‹„ƒǤ ‹–‹”‹˜‡”Ǥ͹ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25153 (C,P,UPS,WAG); Sino: 20 miles N. of Sinoe. 5°16’N 9°01’W, 16 January 1969 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1087 (WAG); Sapo NP, buffer zone, around Safari Camp on short distance of Sinoe River. 5°20.7’N 8°48.0’W. Alt: 115m, 22 November 2002 (fr), Jongkind 5291 (BR,WAG); Babooni road not too far from main road. 5°31’N 8°37’W. Alt: 160m, 12 March 2009 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8953 (WAG); Sinoe Co. Sangwin 5°13’N 9°21’W, 9 March 1948 (st), Baldwin jr 11312 (K); Kulo. ͷιͲͲǯͺιͷͲǯǡͳ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 11399 (K).  , ǣȋϐŽȌǡMarmo 220 (K); ‘”–Š‡””‘˜‹ ‡: Bumbuna. 9°03’N 11°44’W. Alt: 650m, ͳͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 3118ȋȌǢƒ„‘–‘ǤͺιͷʹǯͳͳιͶͻǯǡʹͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 3494 ȋȌǢ —„—ƒǤ ͻιͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͶͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸ͷͲǡ ʹͲ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 3817 (K); Bumbuna. ͻιͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͶͶǯǡ ʹͲ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 3828 (K); Roniester. 8°23’N 11°54’W. Alt: 76m, 17 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 5287 (FHO); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 400m, 18 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7524 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 400m, 18 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7538 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 24 December 1965 (st), Jaeger, P. 8675 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 26 May 1966 (fr), Jaeger, P. 9068 (G,P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 540m, 26 March 1966 (st), Jaeger, P. 9623 (P); Southern Province: ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.G. 117 (FHO). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum squamosum (DC.) Farron Fig. ʹ͸ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia squamosa DC., Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 17: 418 (1811). – Ouratea squamosa (DC.) Engl., Fl. Bras. 12(2): 318 (1876). – Monelasmum squamosum (DC.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type: Hb Lamarck s.n., P00295250 (holotype: P!), Tabago [erroneous origin]. Monelasmum spiciforme Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (1902). – Ouratea spiciformeȋ‹‡‰ŠǤȌŠ‡˜Ǥǡš’Ž‘”Ǥ‘–Ǥˆ”‹“—‡ Ǥ ”ƒ ǤͳͲͻȋͳͻʹͲȌǤȂ›’‡ǣ Chevalier 551ȋŠ‘Ž‘–›’‡ǣǨȌǡ‘—†ƒǡ‘—“—±‹±„ƒǡƒ”•ͳͺͻͻǤ Exomicrum djallonense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Paroisse 211 (holotype: P!), Guinea, Fouta Djallon, Bramayr, aux bords du Koukouri, 1893. Monelasmum djallonense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type: Heudelot 945 (holotype: P!; isotype K!), Sénégambie, près du Fouta Djallon, 1837. Monelasmum discolor Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type: Morson 3 ’ǤʹͲͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͲʹ s.n. (holotype: not located, apparently «in Herb. Brown»), Sierra Leone. ‘‡Žƒ•—ϔŽ‡š—‘•— Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse 149 (holotype: P!), Guinée, 1893. Monelasmum heudelotii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type: Heudelot 745 (holotype: P; isotype: FHO!, G!, K(2x)!), Sénégambie, près du Fouta Djallon, février 1837. Monelasmum konakrense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Maclaud s.n. (holotype: P!), Guinée, Konakry, 1897. Monelasmum maclaudii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Maclaud s.n. (holotype: P!), Guinée, Konakry, 1897. Monelasmum paroissei Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse 43 (holotype: P!), Guinée, Bogoutigny, 1893. Monelasmum persistens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (1902). – Type: Pobeguin 28 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, Petit-Lahon, janvier 1895. Tree, rarely scandent, —’ –‘ ͳͲ  –ƒŽŽ, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 1–3 mm. Leaf: petiole ʹȂ͹  long, slender to fairly stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes narrowly ellipticobovate, ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂͳ͹ȋȂʹͳȌ š ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͶǤͷȋȂͷǤͷȌ , ratio ʹǤͶȂ͵Ǥ͹, base cuneate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, parchmentaceous to coriaceous, not or rarely slightly bullate, margin serrulate but entire toward the base, glossy medium to dark green above, glossy paler green below; venation: midrib prominent or slightly so on both sides, main lateral veins 9–16 on either side, ͶȂͳͷƒ’ƒ”–, prominent above, not prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib and curved upward, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform or sometimes reticulate along the midrib, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, lax, its main axis ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂ ͳͻȋȂʹ͸Ȍ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales minute, persistent at the base of the peduncle; racemes ͳȂͷ, ʹȂͳͷȋȂʹ͸Ȍ  Ž‘‰ǡ Š‡Ž† ά horizontally; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂ͵ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†; bracts persistent, triangular, 1–2 mm long. Flower: pedicel 4–13(–18) mm long, articulated at ͳȂ͵ȋȂͷȌˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǣ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡” 5–8 x 1.5–2.5 mm, in fruit 6–9 x 3–4 mm, coriaceous, base truncate, apex acute; petals obovate, ͸ȂͳͳȋȂͳ͵Ȍ š ͷȂ͹ȋȂͳͳȌ , shortly clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 3–6 mm; ovary c. 1 mm long; styles 4–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 3–5 mm wide; drupelets 1–3 per receptacle, ± reniform to subglobose, 5–6 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, ± similar in size. Notesǣ–ϐ‹”•–‰Žƒ ‡ǡC. squamosum•’‡ ‹‡•™‹–Š’‘‘”Ž›†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡• may resemble C. congestumȋ™Š‹ Š‘”ƒŽŽ›Šƒ•—„”ƒ Š‡†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡•Ȍ‹Šƒ˜‹‰ an elliptic leaf blade, a serrulate margin and prominent main lateral veins. However, C. congestum ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•‹Ž› †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† „‡ ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ ‹–• ’‡” —Ž‹ƒ”ǡ ˜‡”› ϐ‹‡ ƒ† ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž A  C ‹‰—”‡ʹ͸Ǥ Campylospermum squamosum. A. Leaf blade. B. Young plant. C. Flowering and fruiting branch. . Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum squamosum 3.7 Materials and Methods B 3 ’ǤʹͲ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͲͶ tertiary venation. It also resembles C. reticulatum, but that species has dissimilar cotyledons (small outer cotyledon), a tertiary venation that is markedly darker than the surrounding leaf mass and caducous stipules that are generally much longer. Distribution: from Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and western Ivory Coast (Map ʹͺ). Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, in gallery forest or rarely in palm tree forest, on slopes or along streams; on rocky and lateritic soil; at 15–1615 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: Sierra Leone: Bunje, Etorai, Goboe, Yonibaua. UsesǣŠ‡›‘—‰•ƒ’Ž‹‰•ƒ”‡•–”‘‰ƒ†˜‡”›ϐŽ‡š‹„Ž‡Ǥ ‹„‡”‹ƒǡ–Š‡›ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘„‹† the drum-head on to hollow log drums, while the bark is used in poultices for topical application to areas of pain in the body (Burkill 1997). IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ α͸Ͳͷǡ͹͹Ͳ 2ǡ α͸ʹͻǡͳ͹͸ 2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͸Ͷ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͳ͸ʹȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•ˆ‘—†‹•‹†‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”••— Šƒ•‘ˆƒƒ†ƒ’‘ in Liberia and Taï in Ivory Coast. It is well represented in herbaria, suggesting it is not uncommon, and has several recent collections. Thus the category of Least Concern seems the most appropriate. Specimens examined:  , ǣ ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Maclaud 34 ȋȌǢ —‹±‡ ”ƒ­ƒ‹•‡Ǥ ͳͺͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Paroisse 149 (P); french —‹‡ƒǤȋϐŽȌǡFarmar 209ȋǡȌǢȋϐŽȌǡFarmar 227 (BM,K); ‘±: 10°56’N 14°18’W, April 1899 (fr), Paroisse 45 (P); Conakryǣ•—””‘—†‹‰•‘ƒ”›Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡLecerf s.n.ȋȌǢ‘ƒ”›Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡ Maclaud s.n. ȋȌǢ ‘ƒ”‹Ǥ ͻι͵ʹǯ ͳ͵ιͶͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷǡ ͳ͹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Debeaux 309 (BM,K,P,US); Iles de ‘•Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12085 (LY); Ile de Los. 9°31’N 13°43’W, February ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12103ȋȌǢ Ž‡†‡‘•Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͷȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12117 (P); ‹‰—‹”ƒ›‡ǣ ƒƒ”ƒǤ ͳͳιͷͺǯ ͳͲιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pobéguin (Guinea series) 827 (K,P); Faranahǣ ˆ”‹“—‡ ‘ ‹†‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ•‘—” ‡†—‹‰‡”ǤͻιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͷ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶͶȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 105ȋȌǢˆ”‹“—‡‘ ‹†‡–ƒŽ‡ǡ source du Niger. 9°05’N 10°45’W, 18 October 1944 (fr), Jaeger, P. 149 (P); Faranah ESE. 10°02’N 10°45’W, 30 ƒ” ŠͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17246ȋ ȌǢ ‡” Ž‡†‡ ƒ”ƒƒŠǤͻιͶ͹ǯͳͲι͵ͺǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20479 (P); Kindia: Plantation de la Ouatama, bord de la Ouatamba (Friguiagbé). 9°57’N 12°56’W, 29 March 1937 (fr), Chillou 97 (WAG); Dalaba. 29 March 1939 (fr), Chillou 1205 (COI,K); French guinea: Friguiagbe. 9°57’N 12°56’W, 26 April 1939 (st), Chillou 1292 (BR,P); Kakoulima. 9°46’N 13°27’W, February 1945 (st), Schnell 2460 (P); cercle de Kindia. 10°04’N 12°51’W, March 1905 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 13109 (LY); Telimélé W. 10°56’N 13°25’W, 26 April 1955 (fr), Roberty 17627 (G); Telimélé W. 10°56’N 13°25’W, 26 April 1955 ȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17629 (G); ƒ„±ǣ‡‡‰ƒ„‹ƒǤͳͳι͵Ͳǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͺ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡHeudelot 741 (BM,K); près de Fouta ŒƒŽŽ‘Ǥͳͳι͵Ͳǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͺ͵͹ȋϐŽȌǡHeudelot 745 (BM,FHO,G,K,P); Senegambia. 11°30’N 12°30’W, 1837 (st), Heudelot 948 (K); Fouta Djallon. 12°05’N 12°18’W, December 1944 (st), Schnell 2326 (P); Mamou: Timbo. 10°38’N 11°50’W, February 1910 (fr), Boué 78ȋ ȌǢ‡˜‹”‘†‡‹–ƒǤͳͳιͲʹǯͳʹιʹ͸ǯǡ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽȌǡ Jacques-Félix 674ȋȌǢ‘‘—”±ǤͳͲιͳ͹ǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡʹͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡPobéguin 1140 (P); Fouta Djallon, 17 ‘ˆƒŽƒ„ƒǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͳʹιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲ͸ǡ͸ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLangdale-Brown 2630 (BR,K); Fouta Djallon, ‡ƒ”ƒŽƒ„ƒǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͳʹιͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͵͸ǡͺƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLangdale-Brown 2637 (BR,K); Dalaba. 10°42’N ͳʹιͳͷǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 4658ȋȌǢƒ‘—ǤͳͲιͳͷǯͳʹιͲ͵ǯǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 10646 ȋ ȌǢ ‘—”‹ƒǤ ͳͲιͳͻǯ ͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ʹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͲ͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 18196 (P); œ±”±‘”±: Bac du Diani. ͹ιͶͷǯͺιͶͻǯǡͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. s.n. (NEU); c. 2 km N of Kpaya 35 km NW of N’zérékoré. ͹ιͷͻǤ͹ͺǯ ͻιͲʹǤ͵ͶǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷʹͷǡ ʹͷ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Koenen 132 (WAG); 1.5 km N of Kpaya 35 km NW of ǯœ±”±‘”±Ǥ ͹ιͷͺǤͶͻǯ ͻιͲʹǤͷ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷ͵Ͳǡ ʹͷ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Koenen 133 (WAG); 1.5 km N of Bowé. 7°47.52’N 9°09.92’W. Alt: 400m, 27 April 2011 (fr), Koenen 135 (WAG); East of Yomou. 7°34.6’N 9°14.6’W. Ž–ǣ͵ͻͲǡͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡYonon Botanic Team 163 (WAG); Mt. Yonon. 8°04.01’N 9°03.68’W. Alt: 560m, 5 February 2012 (fr), Simons, E.L.A.N. 820 (MO,WAG); Mt. Yonon. 7°58.0’N 9°06.9’W. Alt: 681m, 6 February 3.7 Materials and Methods ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 824ȋ ȌǢ‹ƒƒǤͺιͳͶǯͻιʹʹǯǡƒ›ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 2627 (P); Nzérekoré, Mts ‹„ƒǤ ͹ι͵͹ǯ ͺιʹͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳʹͷͲǡ ͹ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 3131 (P); Macenta. 8°33’N 9°28’W, 13 ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 3276 (P); Nimba Mountains, between Camp 1 (Mifergui) and Zougué River. ͹ιͶͳǤͺǯͺιʹ͵ǤͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸Ͳǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7368 (WAG); Nimba Mountain. 7°37’N 8°25’W, ͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 7458 (P); Nimba Mountains, east slope of range. 7°39.25’N 8°22.58’W. Alt: 1475m, 16 June 2007 (fr), Jongkind 7692 (P,WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°59.6’N 9°05.1’W. Alt: 760m, 6 May 2011 (fr), Jongkind 10627 (WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°58.4’N 9°06.8’W. Alt: 640m, 14 May 2011 (fr), Jongkind 10789 (BR,WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°59.0’N 9°06.1’W. Alt: 770m, 21 May 2011 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 10896ȋǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢ‹„ƒǤ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲͲǡʹͲƒ›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25583 (K); Nimba Mountains, plot JRTH01, both sides of the road between Mifergui cité 1 and cité 2. 7°41.82’N ͺιʹ͵Ǥ͸ʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸͵ǡͶ‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNimba Botanic Team JR 1180 (WAG); Nimba mountains, plot  ʹͲǤ͹ι͵ͻǤ͹͸ǯͺιʹʹǤ͵ͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸ͳͷǡͻ —Ž›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNimba Botanic Team WD 733 (WAG).  Ǧ , Bafatáǣ ƒ†—Ǥ ͳʹιͳ͵ǯ ͳͶι͵ͷǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Espirito Santo 464 ȋ ȌǢ ƒˆƒ–žǡ ƒ†—ǤͳʹιͲ͹ǯͳͶι͵ͺǯǡʹͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡAlves Pereira 1810ȋǡȌǢƒˆƒ–žǡƒ†‹ƒ†‡ƒƒ†ïŽˆƒǤ ͳʹιͳͶǯ ͳͶι͵͸ǯǡ ͵ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Espirito Santo 3748 ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ƒˆƒ–žǡ ‡–”‡ ƒˆƒ–ž ‡ ƒŽ‘ ƒ”‘ǤͳʹιͳͷǯͳͶιͶͷǯǡͳʹ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 3806 (COI,K,LISC,WAG); Bijagós: Arguipélago †‘•‹Œƒ‰×•ǡ‹ŽŠƒ†‡ƒŠƒ„ƒ“—‡ǡƒ ‘”ƒ†‘—”‘†ƒ–ƒ„ƒ ƒ †‡ƒǤͳͳιͳ͹ǯͳͷιͶͻǯǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽȌǡ Vidigal 265 (LISC); Bolama, sector de caravela. Ilha Formosa. Perto de Abu. 11°28’N 15°56’W, 26 April 2000 ȋϐŽȌǡCatarino 759ȋ ǡ ȌǢ—„ƒ“—‡Ǧƒ˜ƒƒ­ž‘Ǥͳͳιͳ͹ǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡͶƒ›ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEspirito Santo 2015 ȋ ǡǡ ȌǢ‡˜‹”‘†—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‡‡“—‡ǤͳͳιͳͶǤͲͲǯͳͷιͶʹǤ͵Ͳǯǡ͵ƒ” ŠʹͲͲͶȋϐŽȌǡMalaisse 15946 (BR); Biomboǣ‹••ƒ—ǡ‡–”‘˜×”‡‹Œ‹‹–ƒǤͳͳιͷͶǯͳͷιͶͳǯǡʹͻƒ” ŠͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 1900 (COI,K,WAG); Bissauǣ”ƒ„‹•ǤͳͳιͶͺǯͳͷιͳͶǯǡ͵ƒ” ŠͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 1851 (COI); 11°48’N 15°14’W, 9 March ͳͻͶͷȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 1859 (K,WAG); Gabu: entre Canjadudi et Ichetche. 12°00’N 14°12’W, 21 February ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡEspirito Santo 2904 (COI); Tombali: Cantanhez, Mata de Cassacunda. 11°18’N 15°25’W, 2 June 1995 ȋϐŽȌǡMartins, E.S. 1066ȋ ȌǢƒ ‹‡ǤͳͳιͲͺǯͳͶιͷ͹ǯǡͳͻ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡAlves Pereira 2860 (MA). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ ‘”²–Žƒ••±‡†‡Žƒƒ›ƒǤͷι͵ͻǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲǡʹ͹‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 4084 (BP,FHO,IAGB,MO,WAG); Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 5 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7012 (P); ƒƒ±: ‘–‹„ƒǤƒ— ƒ’‡‡–ǡ͹ι͵͹ǯͺιʹͷǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGautier, L. 1170 (CSRS,G); Mount Nimba. ͹ι͵͹ǯͺιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͷͲǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGeerling 1688 (C,K,WAG); Sangouiné. 7°18’N 7°48’W, ʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2355 (BR); Momy, Mts des Dans, 40 km N of Danané. 7°23’N 8°05’W. Alt: 1100m, ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽȌǡHepper 7926 (K); Guigloǣƒ‰±Ǥ͸ιͲͻǯ͹ι͵ͳǯǡͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡBakayoko 55 ȋ ǡ ȌǢͳͲ‘ˆƒ‹ǡ‘ˆƒ—Ž±‘—ŽƒǤͷιͶͻǯ͹ιʹ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵Ͳǡͺƒ” ŠͳͻͷͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 3021 ȋǡ ȌǢ ƒÃǤ ͷιͷʹǯ ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡ ͳ͹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Stäuble 210/ 3 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 4 March 1982 ȋϐŽȌǡ Stäuble 26/ 38 ȋ ȌǢ ƒÃǤ ͷιͷʹǯ ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡ ͸ ƒ” Š ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Stäuble 67/ 75 (G); Man: Mont Tonkoui ȋƒȌǤ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͻǯǡʹ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 913 (WAG); Mont Tonkoui. 7°27’N 7°39’W, 18 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2327ȋȌǢ‘–‘‘—‹ǡ‘ˆƒǤ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷͲǡͶƒ” ŠͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡ Leeuwenberg 2950ȋǡ ǡȌǢ‘—‘—‹Ǥ͹ιʹʹǯ͹ιͶʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 4150 (P); Toukoui. 7°22’N ͹ιͶʹǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͲȋϐŽȌǡSchnell 4186 (P); Mont Tonkoui. 7°22’N 7°42’W, 14 August 1954 (fr), Jaeger, P. 4761 ȋȌǢǤ‘‘—‹ǡ‡ƒ”ƒǤ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͲͲǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHepper 7776 (BR,K,WAG); ‘–‘‘—‹ȋƒȌǤ͹ιʹ͹ǯ͹ι͵ͺǯǡͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 9148 (WAG); Le Tonkorey. 7°27’N ͹ι͵ͻǯǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͶȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 15822ȋ ȌǢ‘–‘‘—‹Ǥ͹ιʹͷǯ͹ι͵ͷǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡAubréville SF 1017 (P); Tabouǣ͵Ǥ†‡ƒ•±ǤͶιͶͳǯ͹ιͳ͸ǯǡ͵ —‡ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡAké Assi 12080 (K); Touba: Yo près de ‘—„ƒǤͺιͳͺǯ͹ιͶͲǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡBouquet, A. BD s.n. (NEU). LIBERIA, ǣ June 1877 (fr), Carder s.n. (K); Kasia, 4 March 1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 118 ȋȌǢͳͺͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCook, O.F. 129 (US); Bongǣ‰–Ǥ‘ŽŽ‹‡–‘™Ǥ͹ιͲͳǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡʹƒ” ŠͳͻͷʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBlickenstaff 7 (C,COI,G,K,UPS,US); hill north-east of Gbarnga, close to Farvay. 7°14.4’N 9°18.6’W. Alt: 420m, 31 May 2011 (fr), Yonon Botanic Team 11ȋ ȌǢ ‹„‹Ǥ͸ιͶͲǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ —‡ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop-v.d. Kasteele 25 (LIB,MO,WAG); ‹„‹Ǥ͸ιͶͲǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ —‡ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop-v.d. Kasteele 26 (LIB,MO,WAG); 3 miles NE of Suacoco. 7°01’N 9°33’W, 7 March 1951 (st), Konneh 136 (K); Peahtah. 7°12’N 9°57’W, 7 October 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 945 ȋǡȌǢ‘‰ƒ‰‡ǡ͵ʹ‘ˆƒƒ–ƒǤ͸ιͶͺǯͳͲιʹͳǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷͲǡͳͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 4936 (B,K,MO,P,WAG); Geo. 7°11’N 9°40’W, 7 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10558 (K); Grand Bassa: near Yazoo ‘™ǡ –Ǥ ‘Š ‹˜‡” †”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ ͸ιʹͳǯ ͻι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mayer, K.R. 225 (US); 22 miles N. of — ŠƒƒǡƒŽ‘‰”‘ƒ†Ǥ͸ιͲͶǯͻιͷͳǯǡͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1864 (WAG); Cestos-Sanguin ƒ”‡ƒǡ‘‰‰‹‰‘•‡••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘‘’‡”ǯ•ǡ—†ƒ‡ –‹‘ǤͷιʹͻǤͶǯͻιʹ͵ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͳǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 5640 (WAG); Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.4’N 3 ’ǤʹͲͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͲ͸ 9°23.0’W. Alt: 60m, 6 December 2002 (fr), Jongkind 5651 (WAG); Grand Cape Mount: Robertsport 2 miles east of Hotel Victoria, Grand Cape Mount County. 6°44’N 11°21’W, 11 January 1978 (st), Gier 108 (MO,WAG); Grand Cape Mountains near Robertsport. 6°44.91’N 11°21.90’W. Alt: 130m, 28 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6139 (BR,WAG); Grand Cape Mountains near Robertsport. 6°45’N 11°22’W. Alt: 60m, 28 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6164 (BR,G,WAG); Grand Gedeh: Grand Gedeh county, south of Putu, near Kanweake. 5°30’N 8°03’W, 19 ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͸͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bos, J.J. 2902 (BAS,BR,K,LIB,MO,WAG); east slope of the Putu Hills East Range west of Tiama Town. 5°39’N 8°09’W. Alt: 250m, 20 May 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6242 (WAG); Putu Hills, East Range, East •Ž‘’‡Ǥͷι͵ͻǤ͵ǯͺιͳͲǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͻͲǡͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9093 (MO,WAG); Putu Hills, East Range. ͷιͶͳǤͳǯ ͺιͲͺǤʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹ͹ͷǡ ʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”› ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jongkind 9154 (BR,COI,G,K,MA,MO,WAG); Lofa: Top of ‘—–—–‹˜‹ǤͺιͲͻǯͻιͷ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͶͲǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡDillewijn, F.J. van 7 (MO,SL,WAG); Zorzor area. 7°47’N 9°26’W, 5 March 1969 (st), Woelfel 34 (MO,SL,WAG); Kailahun 8°01’N 10°16’W, 17 February 1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 63 (K); Top of Mt Wolawisi, near Pandamai. 8°13’N 9°54’W, 2 March 1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 107 (K); Zorzor-Gbarnga road, W of St. Paul’s river. 7°32’N 9°29’W, 27 —Ž›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBos, J.J. 2159 (K,LIB,WAG); between Ziggida and Mt Wonegisi. 8°01.7’N 9°31.6’W. Alt: 540m, ͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9421 (WAG); Montserrado: Within 20 miles of Kakatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W, ͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWhyte, A. s.n.ȋȌǢ‹–Š‹͸‹Ž‡•‘ˆ‘”‘˜‹ƒǤ͸ιʹͲǯͳͲιͶ͹ǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K); 6°19’N ͳͲιͶͺǯǡȋϐŽȌǡStraub, F.C. 9ȋȌǢ ‹”‡•–‘‡Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘‹˜Ǥ͵͵Ǥ͸ιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳ͵ —‡ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele 41 (BR,LIB,MO,SL,WAG); New University Site, Careysburgh, 35 km of Monrovia. 6°24’N 10°34’W, 13 September 1963 (st), Harten 78ȋ ȌǢ—™‹ƒ‹˜‡”ǡ͸ιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡCooper, G.P. 182ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ‘‹ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ ‘ŽƒǤ ‘”‡•–Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹͶ—‰—•–ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele 206ȋǡ ȌǢ—‹˜‡”ǡ ‹”‡•–‘‡’Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘‘͵Ǥ͸ιʹͲǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡͺ—‰—•–ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 285 (K); ƒ–ƒ‹˜‡”•‹–›Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ͸ιʹ͸ǯͳͲιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͺƒ›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoning, J. de 408 (BR,MO,WAG); ȋϐŽȌǡStraub, F.C. 440 (US); Bromley. 6°25’N 10°45’W, 23 February 1952 (st), Barker, A.J.D. 1210 (K); Bomi Hills. ͸ιͷʹǯͳͲιͶͻǯǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1444 (K,WAG); Place 20 miles W. of Bomi Hills, road –‘ƒ‘Ǥ͹ιͲͲǯͳͲιͷͲǯǡͳʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1505 (WAG); Duport, 8 miles E. of Monrovia, former Porrobush. 6°16’N 10°40’W, 16 April 1966 (fr), Bos, J.J. 1871 (BR,HUJ,K,LIB,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Duport, ͺ‹Ž‡•Ǥ‘ˆ‘”‘˜‹ƒǡˆ‘”‡”‘””‘„—•ŠǤ͸ιͳ͸ǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹ͵’”‹Žͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBos, J.J. 1883 (K,LIB,WAG); ‘‹ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ ͸ιͷʹǯ ͳͲιͶͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹ʹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Blyden 2066 (BR,MO,WAG); 6°19’N 10°48’W, 6 May 1910 (fr), Dinklage 2696 ȋǡȌǢ ͸ιͳͻǯ ͳͲιͶͺǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dinklage 3378 (A); 6°24’N 10°48’W, ƒ—ƒ”› ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dinklage 3382 ȋǡǡȌǢ Dz‡˜‹Ž —•Šdz ͳͷ  Ǥ ‘ˆ ‘”‘˜‹ƒǡ „‡–™‡‡ ƒ›‡•˜‹ŽŽ‡ ƒ† —’‘”–Ǥȋ‡Ž‹ ‘ˆ ‘ƒ•–ƒŽˆ‘”‡•–ȌǤ͸ιͳ͸ǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3638 (B,EA,K,WAG); near Monrovia 6°19’N 10°48’W, 5 June 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 5900 (K); Montserrado: near Monrovia. 6°19’N ͳͲιͶͺǯǡͳͷ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBaldwin jr 11086 (K,US,WAG); ‹„ƒ: In low bush near Ganta. 7°14’N 8°59’W, 12 June 1960 (fr), Louis s.n. (WAG); In low bush near Ganta. 7°14’N 8°59’W, 12 June 1960 (fr), Louis s.n.ȋ ȌǢ‘’‘‰‡Ž‡Žƒȋƒ–‘ȌǤͳͲƒ›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡHarley, G.W. s.n. (K); Mt Nimba, point 35. 7°30’N 8°30’W. Ž–ǣͳ͵ͲͲǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡAdames 819 (K,UPS); 2 miles S. of Tapita, along road. 6°28’N 8°50’W, 18 —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 893 (WAG); Mt Bili 7°24’N 8°36’W, 25 December 1951 (st), Barker, A.J.D. 1180 ȋȌǢʹͺƒ›ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarley, W.J. 1197ȋ ȌǢͳ —‡ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarley, W.J. 1213 (WAG); Ganta 160 miles Ǥ‘ˆ‘”‘˜‹ƒǤ͹ιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1354 (WAG); Lamco. 7°30’N 8°30’W, ʹͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡHarley, W.J. 2202 (K); Upper edge of the forest on Mount Nimba. 7°28’N 8°32’W. Alt: ͳͲͲͲǡͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 2402 (LIB,WAG); Forest on Mount Nimba. 7°30’N 8°30’W. Alt: 800m, ͳͶ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 2405 (K,LIB,WAG); Tapita area, along the road to Ganta. 6°36’N 8°49’W, 10 ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡBos, J.J. 2631 (LIB,WAG); Nimba Mts. Near Iron mine of Lamco. 7°34’N 8°30’W. Alt: 900m, ʹͻ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLeeuwenberg 4718ȋ ȌǢ‘–‹„ƒǤ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 20159ȋȌǢ‘–‹„ƒǤ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͷͲǡͳͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20173 ȋȌǢ ‘– ‹„ƒǤ ͹ι͵ʹǯ ͺι͵ʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͻ ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 20183 (K,UPS); Mont ‹„ƒǤ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͷͲǡͳ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20653 (K,UPS); Mont Nimba, Mt Alpha. ͹ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25140 (C); Sino: Krahn Bassa. 5°45’N 8°55’W, 26 January 1964 (st), Harten 269ȋǡ ȌǢʹͲ‹Ž‡•Ǥ‘ˆ‹‘‡ǡͷιͳ͸ǯͻιͲͳǯǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1091 (WAG); First part of Babooni road walking in the direction of Sapo NP. 5°31’N 8°38’W. Alt: 140m, 5 March 2009 (fr), Jongkind 8809 (BR,WAG); Sangwin 5°13’N 9°21’W, 9 March 1948 (st), Baldwin jr 11316 (K). MALI, Sikasso: Dianguemerila, Galerie Kaniko. 10°23’N 7°50’W. Alt: 359m, 16 June 2008 (fr), Birnbaum 1326 (BRLU,IFAN,K,P).  , Casamanceǣ”‹Ǥͳʹι͵ʹǯͳ͸ιʹͳǯǡͷ —‡ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡVanden Berghen 5217 (BR); Boukitingo, près d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°36’W, 1 August 1982 (fr), Vanden Berghen 5309 (BR); Bissine. 12°32’N 15°58’W, 1 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒ› ͳͻ͸͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Berhaut 5916 ȋȌǢ ‡†‹ƒ ȋ‹‰‘ƒȌǤ ͳʹιͶ͸ǯ ͳ͸ιͳͺǯǡ ͳͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Berhaut 7201 (BR); Ziguinchor: région d’Oussouye: Loudia. 12°31’N 16°36’W, 30 July 1963 (fr), Berhaut 6199 (BR); Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 17 February 1964 (fr), Berhaut 7017 (BR); région de Sédhiou. 12°42’N ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 7155 (BR); région d’Oussouye: kaème. 12°21’N 16°36’W, 19 March 1964 ȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 7236 (BR).  , ǣ (st), Afzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡŠ‹–‡ϔ‹‡Ž†ǡ T. s.n. (K); 1843 (fr), Vogel, J.R.T. 86ȋȌǢʹ͹ —‡ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡMarmo 219 (K); 1892 (fr), Scott Elliot 5811 (HUH); ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8838ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8877 (K); 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 8932 (K); 1915 ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 8965 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 8986 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 9175 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐŽǡ fr), Thomas, N.W. 9193ȋ ȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 9219ȋȌǢͳͶ—‰—•–ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. T 98 (FHO); Eastern ProvinceǣʹͲ—‰—•–ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSmythe, C.W. 15 (K); Nongowa Chiefetow. 7°38’N 11°24’W, 9 ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPyne 92ȋǡȌǢƒ„—‹ ‹ŽŽ•ȋ‘‰‘™ƒȌǤ͹ιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡʹͶƒ›ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡBakshi 189 (K); Lower Neaboi valley, Kambui Hills Forest Reserve. Line 8 lower Neaboi Block. 7°50’N 11°15’W, 13 April ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSamai 510ȋȌǢƒ„—‹Š‹ŽŽ•Ǥ͹ιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͳʹƒ” ŠͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡSmall, D. 511 (K,P); Nongowa. ͹ιͷʹǯ ͳͳιͳʹǯǡ ͳͲ ƒ” Š ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jordan, H.D. 1006 (K); Baoma. 8°05’N 11°14’W, 14 December 1937 ȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 3472ȋȌǢ‡‡ƒǤ͹ιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7504 (K); Kennema. 7°52’N 11°12’W, 20 January 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 7561 (K); Kennema. 7°52’N 11°12’W, 20 January 1915 ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7613ȋȌǢ‡‡ƒǤ͹ιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7696 (K); Tingi Mountains, to the W. of and below the camp. 8°55’N 10°47’W, 13 April 1965 (st), Morton, J.K. SL 1936 (K,WAG); ‘”–Š‡” ProvinceǣƒŽƒ„ƒǤͺιͲʹǯͳͲιͶʹǯǡͳͺƒ” ŠͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡAylmer 15 (K); Bintumane peak. 9°13’N 11°07’W. Alt: ͳʹʹͷǡͳͲ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡJones, T.S. 118ȋȌǢƒ—’ǤͺιʹͲǯͳʹιͳͺǯǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽȌǡGlanville 141 ȋȌǢƒƒ‹”‹™ƒƒ••‹ˆȋ”‘˜ǤȌǤͺιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵͹ʹǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡCole, N.H.A. 160 (K,P); ‘—’”ǤͺιͶͲǯͳʹιʹ͵ǯǡͳ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡJordan, H.D. 207 (K); Pendambu. 7°45’N 11°12’W. Alt: 91m, 3 July 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 782ȋȌǢ‘™ƒŽŽƒǤͺιͶͶǯͳͳιͷͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹǡʹ͵ —Ž›ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 1093 (K); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 29 August 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1291 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 6 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1489 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m, 8 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1543 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1300m, 8 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1560 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 11 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1603ȋȌǢ„‹‘Ž‘Ǥͺιͷ͹ǯͳͳιͷͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷͺǡʹͷ—‰—•–ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 1784ȋȌǢ‘ƒǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡʹͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 4000 (P); , 8°26’N 12°14’W, ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, N.W. 4094ȋȌǢ‘–‘ƒǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲ͹ǯǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 4144 (P); 8°26’N 12°14’W, 30 October 1914 (st), Thomas, N.W. 4196 (K); 8°26’N 12°14’W, 30 October 1914 ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 4219 (K); 8°31’N 12°17’W, 2 November 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 4620 (K); , 8°26’N 12°14’W, ͳͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 4669ȋȌǢͺιʹ͸ǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 4823 (K); Yoni Bana. 8°26’N 12°14’W. Alt: 98m, 11 November 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 5199 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N ͳʹιͶʹǯǡȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6007ȋȌǢƒ‰„‹Ž‡ǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6298 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt: 30m, 8 December 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 6382 (K); Port Lokoh. ͺιͶ͸ǯͳʹιͶ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6590 (K); Kumrabai. 8°32’N 12°06’W. Alt: ͳͷǡȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 6744 (K); Kumrabai BS. 8°32’N 12°06’W. Alt: 15m, (st), Thomas, N.W. 6841 (K); Mont ‘ƒǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵ͲͲǡʹͷ —Ž›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 6867 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m, 2 August 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7014ȋȌǢ—”ƒ„ƒ‹Ǥͺι͵ʹǯͳʹιͲ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7091ȋȌǢ—”ƒ„ƒ‹Ǥͺι͵ʹǯͳʹιͲ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡ͵ͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 7105 (K); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1550m, 14 August 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7138 (P); Loma Mountains. 9°32’N 11°22’W. Ž–ǣͳ͸ͲͲǡͳͷ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 7147 (K,P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m, 15 August 1964 ȋϐŽȌǡ Jaeger, P. 7148 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 18 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7536 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1400m, 27 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7662 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1100m, 10 October 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7794ȋȌǢƒ‰—Ž—ǡ–•‘ƒǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲ͹ǯǡͳͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡJaeger, P. 8447ȋ ȌǢ‘–ƒƒǤͻιͳ͸ǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹʹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 23237 (WAG); Mont Loma. 9°16’N ͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹ͹ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 23390 (C); Mt Loma. 9°16’N 11°12’W. Alt: 460m, 8 February 1966 ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Adam, J.-.G. 23616 (C); Loma mountains, near camp 1 on slopes above Kurubonla. 9°09’N 11°13’W, ʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 354 (K,WAG); Foraya village, near Lake Sonfon. 9°15’N 11°27’W, 27 ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Morton, J.K. SL 3448 (K,WAG); Southern Province: Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 21 December ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡPyne 75ȋȌǢ‹‹Ǧƒ”‘ƒ†Ǥ͹ιͳͻǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.G. 125 (FHO); Sendugu. ͻιͳͶǯͳʹιͲʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͹ǡʹʹ —‡ͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 579 (K); Sendugu. 9°14’N 12°02’W. Alt: 107m, 22 June 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 659ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 8599ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 9249 (K); 3 ’ǤʹͲ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͲͺ ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 9284ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 9573ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 10254 (K); 1915 ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, N.W. 10260ȋȌǢƒƒ›ƒ‡ƒ”‘–Š‡Ǥ͹ι͵ʹǯͳʹι͵ͳǯǡʹ͵ —Ž›ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 3720 (WAG); Western Areaǣ ͺιʹͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ ͺ ƒ› ͳͺͷ͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Barter s.n. (K); Freetown, Guma Dam. 8°22’N ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹǡʹͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡHead, D. 1ȋȌǢ”‘‘ϐ‹‡Ž†•Ǥͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡʹͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡ Deighton 4ȋȌǢ—‰ƒ”Ž‘ƒˆ‘—–ƒ‹•ȋ ”‡‡–‘™ȌǤǤ•‹†‡‡ƒ”•—‹–Ǥͺιʹͷǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡ Tindall 14ȋȌǢ‘Ž‘›ǣ‘”–”‹‰Š–Ǥͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ʹͲǡͳʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMelville, F.A. 28 (K); near ƒ––”—•–Ǥͺιʹ͸ǯͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡʹͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͺͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡJohnston, H.H. 92 (E,K); Heddles Farm (Colomguli). 8°30’N ͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡƒ›ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡLane-Poole 117ȋȌǢ ”‡‡–‘™Ǥͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͳͷȋϐŽȌǡDalziel 999 (K); ͺιʹͷǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͺͷ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBarter 2017 (HUH); Hill station. 8°27’N 13°15’W, 12 March 1935 ȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 2970ȋǡȌǢ‡‰‡–Ǥͺιʹ͸ǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͳͳȋϐŽȌǡScott Elliot 4010 (HUH); freetown, ‡‹ ‡•–‡”‡ƒǤͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡʹͶ’”‹ŽͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 9620 (BM,FHO,K); Sugar Loaf. 8°25’N ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͷ’”‹ŽͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡRoberty 17307ȋ ȌǢ ”‡‡–‘™Ǥͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 21288 (C,UPS,WAG); between Hamilton & Sussex where river crosses road, Peninsula. 8°23’N 13°16’W, 26 January ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 681ȋǡ ȌǢ ƒ˜‡Ž‘ Ǥͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 777 ȋǡ ȌǢ ƒ˜‡Ž‘ –‘‡‹ ‡•–‡”ǡ ”‡‡–‘™Ǥͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 944 (K,WAG); ‡‹ ‡•–‡”‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǡ ”‡‡–‘™Ǥͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͳͷƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 975 (WAG); Guma dam. ͺιʹʹǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡ ʹ͵ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Morton, J.K. SL 1190 (K); Fourah Bay College. 8°30’N 13°15’W, 3 July ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1375 (K,WAG); Guma. 8°22’N 13°12’W, 19 May 1966 (fr), Morton, J.K. SL 3508 (K);  ‘ƒ•–ƒ–‡–ǡ‡‹•—ŽƒǤͺιͳ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǡ͵Ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͸ȋϐŽȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 3837 (K,WAG); slopes of ‡‹ ‡•–‡”’‡ƒǤͺιʹ͹ǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡʹͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJones, A.P.D. SLFD 627 (FHO). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). Campylospermum subcordatum (Stapf) Farron ‹‰Ǥʹ͹ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia subcordata Stapf, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 88 (1905). – Ouratea subcordataȋ–ƒ’ˆȌ‰ŽǤǡϐŽƒœ‡™Ǥˆ”Ǥ͵ǡʹǣͶͺͻȋͳͻʹͳȌǤ – Type: A. Whyte s.n. (holotype: K!), Liberia, Montserrado, Kakata, within 20 miles of Kakatown, 1904. Treelet of up to 5 m tall, monocaulous or stem sparingly branched; bark brownish. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm; leaf blade narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ͳͺȂ͸ʹ š ͷȂͳͶ , ratio ͶǤͲȂͷǤ͸, base narrowly cuneate to subcordate, apex blunt to shortly acuminate, not or slightly bullate, coriaceous, margin serrulate, the teeth with a black tip, glossy dark green above, paler green beneath; venation: midrib prominent on both surfaces, main lateral veins ʹͷȂ ͵ͷ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡ ͹ȂʹͲƒ’ƒ”–, prominent above, not prominent below, making ƒ •Ž‹‰Š– ƒ‰Ž‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹†”‹„ǡ •–”ƒ‹‰Š– ƒ– ϐ‹”•– ƒ† ‡ƒ” –Š‡ ƒ”‰‹ —”˜‡† —’™ƒ”†•ǡ intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between the main ones, prominent or slightly so above, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the mains lateral veins, distinct to slightly so on both sides. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ axillary; peduncle ʹʹȂͶʹ Ž‘‰, ϐŽƒ––‡‡†, woody, ƒ””›‹‰ʹȋȂͶȌ•—„‘’’‘•‹–‡Ž‡ƒˆ›„”ƒ –•ƒ–‹–•ƒ’‡šˆ”‘™Š‹ Š ʹȂͷ”ƒ ‡‡•‡‡”‰‡; leafy bracts oblong, 6–12 x 2–5 cm, base cordate to subcordate, apex acute; racemes ȋ͵ȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͺȋȂ͵ͷȌ Ž‘‰; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the raceme, 2–3 mm long; cymules 3–18 mm apart,ͳȂͺȋȂͳʹȌǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†; bracts absent. Flower: pedicel 5–20 mm long, articulating at 2–5 mm from its base; sepals ovate, in ϐŽ‘™‡”͹Ȃͺš͵ȂͶǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͻȂͳͳšͶȂ͹ǡƒ’‡š”‘—†‡†Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•broadly obovate, A  E C B ͳ ʹ ‹‰—”‡ʹ͹Ǥ Campylospermum subcordatum. A. Racemes and leafy bracts. B. Leaf blade. C. Stipule. . Petals. E. Anther. F. Flowering branch. ͳ. Seed, cross section. G2. Incumbent cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’ʹͻ. Distribution of Campylospermum subcordatumȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum umbricola ( ) 3.7 Materials and Methods F 3 ’ǤʹͲͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods 9–12 x 7–10 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 high; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 5–8 mm wide; drupelets 2Ȃ4 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid, 6–8 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small inner cotyledon. 3 ’ǤʹͳͲ Notes: This is a very distinctive species, readily recognized by the long to very long leaves and peduncle carrying two apical leafy bracts and a small bundle of racemes. It is also reminiscent of C. elongatum and C. klainei „›Šƒ˜‹‰ƒϐŽƒ––‡‡†’‡†— Ž‡ǡ„—– it differs from both species by for example having leaves with a cuneate to sometimes •—„ ‘”†ƒ–‡„ƒ•‡ƒ†–Š‡‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡„‡‹‰ ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆƒ„—†Ž‡‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‡•Ǥ Distribution: from Guinea, Sierra leone, Liberia and southern half of Ivory Coast (Map ʹͻ). Ecology: primary and secondary forest, swamp forest, along forest edges, lagoons and rivers; on sandy and loamy soil; at up to 715 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǣˆ”—‹–•‘„•‡”˜‡†‹ ƒ—ƒ”›ǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ǡƒ›ǡ —Ž›ƒ† from October to December. IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͶͳ͸ǡͲ͹Ͷ2ǡα͵ͷ͹ǡͲͳ͹2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•α͸Ͷȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–ŠαͳʹͶȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ•—‡”‘—•”‡ ‡– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ˆ‘—†‹ ‘”‡•– Reserves such as Yapo in Ivory Coast, Gola in Liberia and in the Nimba Mountains and Žƒ••‹ϐ‹‡† ‘”‡•–‘ˆ‘–‘‘ǡ„‘–Š‹ —‹‡ƒǤ –‹•ˆƒ‹”Ž›™‡ŽŽ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†‹Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒ •—‰‰‡•–‹‰‹–‹•‘–— ‘‘ƒ†–Š—•–Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”›‘ˆ‡ƒ•–‘ ‡”•‡‡•Œ—•–‹ϐ‹‡†Ǥ Specimens examined:  , ǣ ʹͳ ƒ› ͳͺͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Maclaud 16 ȋȌǢ ‘‰‘—–‹‰›Ǥ ͳͺͻ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Paroisse 43 (P); Conakry: ƒ‰„ƒ±Ǥͻι͵ͷǯͳ͵ιͶͲǯǡȋϐŽȌǡParoisse 73 (P); ‹‰—‹”ƒ›‡: 11°18’N 10°43’W, (fr), Vuillet 80 (P); Kankan: ‘”‹±‹±„ƒǤ ͳͲι͵ͳǯ ͻι͵͹ǯǡ ͸ ƒ” Š ͳͺͻͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 551 (P); Kindiaǣ ͳͲιͲͶǯ ͳʹιͷͳǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jacques-Félix 19 (P); ƒ„±ǣ ‘—–ƒ ŒƒŽŽ‘Ǥ ͳͳιͳͻǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͳͺ͵͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Heudelot 945 (P); Mamou: 10°22’N ͳʹιͲ͸ǯǡͺ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20366 (P); œ±”±‘”±: Nimba Mountains, Gbié, near Guégué ”‹˜‡”Ǥ͹ι͵ͺǤ͹͹ǯͺιʹͲǤͳ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͹͵ǡͳ͹‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡHaba, O-O. 22 (BR,WAG); Nimba Mountains, ‘”²–†‡ „‹±Ǥ͹ι͵ͺǤͺ͵ǯͺιʹͲǤͲʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͹ͻǡͳ͹‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡHaba, O-O. 23 (FHO,WAG); Guékédon. 8°33’N 10°08’W, 14 October 1949 (st), Schnell 2556 (P); Ziama. 8°14’N 9°22’W, May 1945 (st), Schnell 2662 (P); Macenta. 8°33’N 9°28’W, 31 January 1949 (fr), Adam, J-G. 3505 (P); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon, not far from the Diane River. 7°59.0’N 9°07.3’W. Alt: 480m, 7 May 2011 (fr), Jongkind 10658 (BR,MO,P,WAG); Nimba Mountains, plot WHFL04, 500 m to Ecogarde building. 7°38.67’N 8°20.10’W. Alt: 575m, 2 December 2007 (st), Nimba Botanic Team WH 1430 (WAG). IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Adiopodoumé, 17 km W of Abidjan, botanical garden ORSTOM. 5°20’N 4°08’W, 8 —Ž›ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDekker, A.J.F.M. 86 (WAG); km 45 new road Abidjan-Ndouci. 5°34’N 4°22’W, 9 October 1979 ȋϐŽȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 406 (UCJ,WAG); Aboisso: 6 km on Aboisso-Maféré road. 5°24’N 3°11’W, 8 November 1968 (fr), Breteler 5959 (WAG); Agbovilleǣƒ’‘ˆ‘”‡•–ͷιͶͶǯͶιͲ͹ǯǡʹͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 582 (WAG); Forêt du Yapo. 5°45’N 4°10’W, 10 October 1991 (st), Téré 1998 (G); Yapo forest. 5°44.5’N 4°07.7’W. Alt: ͳͲͲǡ͵ͳ—‰—•–ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4278 (MO,WAG); Yapo forest. 5°48’N 4°08’W, 30 July 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4431 ȋȌǢ ƒ’‘Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͲͷǯǡ ʹͺ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͷͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Roberty 15340 (G,K); sur le chemin de fer, km 44, ‡˜‹”‘•†ǯœƒ‰—‹±Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͲͻȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. B 22278 (P); Yapo. 5°48’N 4°08’W, 19 December 1931 (fr), Aubréville SF 602 (P); ƒŽ‘ƒ: F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Sud. Piste de Belleville, layon 24, 6°56’N 6°59’W, 12 February 1994 (fr), Kouamé 1054 (CSRS,G); Forêt classée du Haut Sassandra. 6°56’N ͸ιͷͻǯǡͳͶ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKouamé 1086 (G); ƒƒ±: 1 km N of Yéalé. 7°32’N 8°25’W, 17 December ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡGeerling 1825 (WAG); —±‘—±: Plantation Planche, Pinhou. 6°37’N 7°20’W, 27 January 1969 (fr), Bamps 1951 (BR); Duékoué-Buyo, forêt au N du Nzo. 6°27’N 7°15’W, 28 February 1969 (fr), Bamps 2151 3.7 Materials and Methods (BR); Duekoué. 6°44’N 7°21’W, 12 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15939 (G); Guiglo: Toulepleu. 6°33’N 7°29’W, May 1942 (st), Schnell 1268 (P); Taï. 5°36’N 7°11’W, 4 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4601 (P); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 13 April 1970 (st), Farron 7070 (P); entre le moyen Sassandra et le moyen Cavally. 5°50’N 7°05’W, 27 June ͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19209 (P); Man: Forêt de Sangouiné, 7°18’N 7°48’W, 25 January 1969 (fr), Bamps 1935 (BR); Man. 7°24’N 7°35’W, July 1949 (st), Bégué SF 3261 (P); ƒǦ±†”‘: from Tabou 30 km to Béréby, ƒŽ‘‰–Š‡”‘ƒ†ǤͶι͵Ͷǯ͹ιͳͲǯǡͳͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡKoning, J. de 2351 (BR,E,MO,WAG). LIBERIA, Bongǣ „ƒ‰ƒǤ͹ιͲͲǯͻιʹͻǯǡͳͶ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻʹ͸ȋϐŽȌǡLinder, D.H. 614 (K); Gbarpolu: Kpelle Forest. ‘”–Š‘ˆ ƒ‹’ƒǤ͹ιʹͳǤͻǯͳͲιʹͲǤ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 10111 (BR,MA,MO,WAG); Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.9’N 9°22.2’W. Ž–ǣͺͲǡ͸‡ ‡„‡”ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 5656 (BR,WAG); Grand Cape Mount: north of Lake Piso. 6°48.17’N 11°17.27’W. Alt: 20m, 21 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6048 (BR,G,K,WAG); Grand Cape Mount. Genna Tanyehun. ͹ιͳͷǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡʹͳ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 10759 (K); Lofa: North Lorma National Forest. 8°02’N ͻιͶͶǯǡʹͲ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡJongkind 6701 (BR,WAG); Gola Forest. 7°27.1’N 10°41.5’W, 29 November 2005 (fr), Jongkind 7001 (WAG); Western Province, Vonjama District, Soplima. 8°20’N 9°40’W, 1 November ͳͻͶ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Baldwin jr 10110 (K); Western Province, Kolahun District, Karmadhun. 8°08’N 10°18’W, 6 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 10224 (K); Western Province, Boporo District, Tawata. 7°18’N 10°17’W, 15 November 1947 (fr), Baldwin jr 10293 (K); Montserrado: Within 20 miles of Kakatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W, ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐŽȌǡ Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Dukwia River, Monrovia, near Firestone Plantations. 6°23’N 10°22’W, October ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cooper 30 (BM,FHO,K); Firestone Plantation, division 33. 6°19’N 10°21’W, 3 January 1970 (fr), Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 129 (MO,WAG); Bomi Hills, 100 km from Monrovia. Along road. 7°01’N 10°51’W, 18  –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡHarten 159ȋǡ ȌǢ—™‹ƒ‹˜‡”Ǥ͸ιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻʹͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡCooper, G.P. 166ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ ‘Žƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‡•–ǡ‘‹ ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ͸ιͷ͸ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 187ȋ ȌǢ ‹”‡•–‘‡Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹˜‹•‹‘͵͵ǤDzŠ‡™ƒ–‡”ˆƒŽŽdzǤ͸ιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 226 (MO,WAG); Gibi Mountain, 5-10 miles SE of Salala (nearly whole mountain covered by high evergreen rainforest). 6°35’N 10°04’W. Alt: 500m, 15 January 1970 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1709 (WAG); ‹„ƒǣ ‹„ƒ ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͹ι͵Ͳǯ ͺι͵ͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͷͲǡ ʹͲ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Adames 771 (K,UPS); Ganta. ͹ιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡͳ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡBarker, A.J.D. 1137 (K); near Mt Tokadeh. 7°27.2’N 8°39.3’W. Alt: 510m, ͳʹ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 7987 (BR,WAG); Sanokwele (Central Province, Sanokwele District). 7°22’N ͺιͶ͵ǯǡͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽȌǡBaldwin jr 9644 (K); Central Province, Sanokwele District, Ganta. 7°14’N 8°59’W, 1 February 1948 (fr), Baldwin jr 11024ȋȌǢ‘–‹„ƒǤ͹ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳͷ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J-G. 20126ȋȌǢ ±±’ƒǤ–‹„ƒǤ ‹–‹”‹˜‡”Ǥ͹ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡ͵ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J-G. 24556 (C,UPS,WAG); ‘–‹„ƒǡ ‹–‹”‹˜‡”Ǥ͹ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡAdam, J-G. 25009 (C); between Mt Gangra and Mt Yuelliton, plot SNLF01. 7°33.36’N 8°38.02’W. Alt: 715m, 13 January 2009 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team NS 41 (WAG); Sinoǣ”ƒŠƒ••ƒˆ‘”‡•–ǤͷιͶͷǯͺιͷͷǯǡʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHarten 261 (K,WAG); South-west of ‘‰„ƒ‹ŽŽ‡ǤͷιʹͺǤͶǯͻιͳͷǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲǡʹͻ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 9898 (BR,WAG).  , Eastern Provinceǣƒ‘ƒǤ͹ιͶͳǯͳͳιͳͻǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͲ͸ȋϐŽȌǡSmythe 11 (K); Guara Chiefdom, Lulahun. 7°41’N 10°58’W, 25 December 1950 (fr), King, E.L. 87 (K); Kenema. 7°52’N 11°12’W, 29  –‘„‡” ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Deighton 5205 (K); Southern Province: Gola North Forest Reserve. 7°40’N 10°55’W, 9 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡSamai 259ȋȌǢ ‘Žƒ‘”–Š ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ „ƒŠƒƒŽ‘ Ǥ͹ιͶͲǯͳͲιͷͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡSamai 375 (K); Western Areaǣ‘Ž‘›ǣ—••‡šǤͺιʹͲǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷǡ͵Ͳ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡMelville, F.A. 511 (K,P). Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson & Dalziel (1928), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Poorter (2004). Campylospermum sulcatum (Tiegh.) Farron ‹‰Ǥʹͺ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Exomicrum sulcatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Ouratea sulcata (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81 (1953). – Type: Staudt 606 (holotype: P!; isotype: COI!, G!, K!, S!, Z!), Cameroon, JohannAlbrechtshöhe, 1896. Ouratea oliveriana Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 261 (1904). Ȃ Campylospermum oliverianum (Gilg) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400 (1965). –Type: Johnston s.n. (holotype: B†; isotype: K!), Nigeria, Cross River, January 1888. syn. nov. 3 ’Ǥʹͳͳ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥʹͳʹ Tree up to 9 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish white bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 4–13 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6(–7) mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic-obovate, ȋ͸ȂȌͻȂͳ͹ȋȂʹͳȌ š ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ͸ȋȂ͹Ȍ , ratio ʹǤ͵ȂͶǤʹ, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate, coriaceous to papyraceous, distinctly to slightly bullate, margin serrulate to entire, teeth without a black tip, dark green above, paler green below, glossy on both sides; venation: midrib strongly prominent above, prominent below, main lateral veins 10–16 on either side, ͻȂͳͶƒ’ƒ”–, generally sunken above, prominent below or sometimes shallowly sunken, more or less at a right or slight angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct above, less distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, unbranched or rarely ™‹–Šͳ”ƒ ‡‡ǡ ‘’ƒ –, its main axis 1–5(–8) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent, often numerous, narrowly triangular, up to 12 mm long; cymules ͵Ȃ͹  ƒ’ƒ”–ǡ ͳȂ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ „”ƒ –• ’‡”•‹•–‡–ǡ –”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ʹȂ͵ȋȂͷȌ  Ž‘‰Ǥ Flower: ’‡†‹ ‡Ž ͹Ȃͳ͵  Ž‘‰ǡ ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ƒ– ʹȂ͵  ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡Ǣ •‡’ƒŽ• ‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ ‹ ϐŽ‘™‡” 8–10 x 3–4 mm, in fruit 10–12 x 5–6 mm and curved over the drupelets, coriaceous, base truncate, apex acute; petals elliptic to obovate, 10–13 x 3–8 mm, truncate at base, rounded or emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 4–7 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm long; style 4–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle in fruit 3–6 mm wide, red; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly so, 7–9 x 4–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: C. oliverianum is lumped into C. sulcatum. Both species share the bullate leaves ƒ† ƒ —„”ƒ Š‡†ǡ ‘’ƒ – ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡Ǥ ƒ””‘ ȋͳͻͺͷȌ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‘–‡† –Š‡‹” Ž‘•‡ similarity, but kept them apart, using the petal shape to separate them. He describes C. oliverianumƒ•Šƒ˜‹‰Ž‡ƒ˜‡•™‹–ŠͳͲȂͳͷ’ƒ‹”•‘ˆƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ǡƒ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ which is longer than wide and elliptic petals, whereas in C. sulcatum there are 6–10 ’ƒ‹”•‘ˆ˜‡‹•ǡƒ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•™‹†‡ƒ†‘„‘˜ƒ–‡’‡–ƒŽ•Ǥ‹ ‡‹ˆƒ ––Š‡–™‘ •–ƒ–‡•‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”•ƒ”‡‘„•‡”˜‡†‹•’‡ ‹‡•ˆ”‘„‘–Š•’‡ ‹‡•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†„› himself, we started to have serious doubts about their distinction. From a closer study of the variability we concluded the two taxa can not be seperated. Therefore, the two are united here under the name C. sulcatum, the oldest one. C. sulcatum‹•ƒ˜‡”›†‹•–‹ –•’‡ ‹‡•™‹–Š‹–••Š‘”–ǡ ‘’ƒ –‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒ†ƒ„—ŽŽƒ–‡ leaf surface. As such, it is highly reminiscent of some forms of C. excavatum, but that •’‡ ‹‡• ‘ˆ–‡ Šƒ• ƒ „”ƒ Š‡† ‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǡ — Š ƒ””‘™‡” •‡’ƒŽ• ƒ† ƒ — Š ‘”‡ pronounced tertiary venation. Distribution: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, southernmost Central ˆ”‹ ƒ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ„‘ƒ†–Š‡‡’—„Ž‹ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‰‘ȋMap ͵Ͳ). A ͳ ʹ  ‹‰—”‡ʹͺ. Campylospermum sulcatum. A. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Seed. C. Flowering branch. . Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’͵Ͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum sulcatum ȋ጖Ȍƒ†Campylospermum warneckei ( ) 3.7 Materials and Methods C 3 ’Ǥʹͳ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹͳͶ Ecology: primary and secondary forest, gallery forest, swamp forest, along rivers and streams; on clayey and sandy soils; at up to 960 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: Benin: Agbda, Ishan-urohi (Urohi-Ogwa). Uses: This is a decorative plant (Burkill 1997). IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹǡͲͷͲǡͶ͵Ͳ2ǡαʹǡͳͳͳǡͻ͹Ͳ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͸ͳ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šα͵Ͳ͵ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•Šƒ•ƒ™‹†‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ƒ†‹•ˆ‘—†‘—–•‹†‡ƒ†‹•‹†‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”••— Šƒ•‘ƒ‰‘ǡ‘‰ƒ”ƒǡ‹‡„‡‹ ƒ„‘ǡ‘–‡Ž°‹“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ Guinea, Dzanga-Sangha in Central African Republic and also inside Forest Reserves such as Ekinta, Shasha and Urehi. It has numerous recent collection and thus the category Least Concern has been assigned. Specimens examined: , East Province: Road from Ndjangané NE. to Bombi, up to river Diezé. 46 km NW. of Bertoua. 4°53’N 13°24’E. Alt: 700m, 18 May 1961 (st), Breteler 1359 (BR,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Weit nach Norden bis in †‡‘‰‡†‡•‘ȋƒƒ‰ƒȌʹͷͲǤ ƒ—†‡Ǥͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ι͵ͳǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡMildbraed 8611 (K); 5°18’N ͳ͵ιͶͷǯǡ’”‹ŽͳͻͳͶȋϐŽȌǡMildbraed 8926 (BM,K); Littoral: 10 km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°23’E. Alt: 400m, 3 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5352 (BAS,BR,K,P,WAG,YA); 5 km NE of Dibombé, a village on km 11 of LoumYabassi road. 4.43 N 9.50 E. 4°43’N 9°50’E. Alt: 200m, 16 March 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9477 (BR,K,WAG,YA); South Provinceǣ ˜‹‹ǡ ͵ͷ  Ǥ ‘ˆ ƒ’‘Ǥ ʹιʹʹǯ ͳͲιͲ͸ǯǡ ʹͲ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kaji 11 (P); bank of „‘”‘‡ƒ”‘‡–›‡ǤʹιͶͲǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡKoufani 230 (P); réserve de la Faune de Campo. ʹιʹ͵ǯͳͲιͲ͸ǯǡʹͺƒ” Šͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡNkongmeneck 489ȋȌǢŽ‡’Šƒ–‘–Ǥʹι͵Ͷǯͻιͷͻǯǡͷƒ” Šͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡ Huber, H.F.J. 1055 (P); Bitye. 3°01’N 12°22’E, 1919 (st), Bates, G.L. 1229 (BM); route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de Kribi, après village pygmée.3°35.28’N 9°59.29’E. Alt: 79m, 29 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1231 (LBV,WAG,YA); ‹–›ƒ ‡ƒ” –Š‡ ‹˜‡” ƒǤ ͵ιͲͳǯ ͳʹιʹ͸ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bates, G.L. 1810 (P); collines à 5km au SW d’Ebionéméyong près Nyabessan (60 km à l’Est de Campo). 2°24’N 10°24’E, 10 April 1968 (fr), Letouzey 9322 (P); 12 km E Nyabesan. 2°25’N 10°32’E, 4 March 1963 (fr), Raynal, J. 10212 (P); Campo Ma’an area, Nvini, around river Kom in the National Park. 2°28.0’N 10°08.8’E. Alt: 100m, 10 December 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou KOMX 28 (WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Onoyong, in the National Park. 2°37.2’N 10°38.1’E. Alt: 500m, 22 March 2001 ȋϐŽȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou ONOX 32 (WAG); Onoyong, forest between plots ONO1 and 10. 2°31.7’N 10°41.8’E. Ž–ǣ͵͸Ͳǡͳͺƒ” ŠʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡTchouto Mbatchou ONOX 155 (KRIBI,WAG); South-West Province: JohannŽ„”‡ Š–•ŠÚŠ‡ǡ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–ǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡStaudt 606 (COI,G,K,Z); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°30.64’N 9°23.15’E. Alt: 87m, 3 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1281 (LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°33.34’N 9°23.33’E. Alt: 180m, 4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1290 (LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°33.02’N 9°23.27’E. Alt: 167m, 4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1295 (LBV,WAG,YA); 1 km W. of Bombeƒ—†—ǡʹͲ‘ˆ—„ƒǤͶιʹ͹ǯͻιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷǡ͵Ͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡManning, S.D. 1513 (MO,WAG); 1 ‘ˆ‘„‡ǡƒ—†—ǡʹͲ‘ˆ—„ƒǤͶιʹ͸ǯͻιʹ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͷǡͳʹƒ›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡManning, S.D. 1803ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‘”—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡ„‡–™‡‡–Š‡†‹ƒ‹˜‡”ƒ–ϐ‹‡Ž†ƒ†ʹǤͷ‘–”ƒ•‡ –DzdzǤ ͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡͳʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͷȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 4760 (K,MO); between Baro and Ikenge villages, ƒŽ‘‰ˆ‘‘–’ƒ–Šǡ‹–Š‡‘”—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǤͷιͳͷǯͻιͲͻǯǤŽ–ǣʹͷͲǡͳ’”‹ŽͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 7532 ȋǡǡ ȌǢǤƒ—†— ǤǤƒ‰ƒǤͶιʹͶǯͻιʹ͹ǯǡͳͳƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡBrenan 9268 (BM,FHO,K); 55 km SW. Mamfe à l’Est de la piste Abakpa-Mbiofong. 5°24’N 8°56’E, 26 May 1975 (st), Letouzey 13627 (P).      , ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Ndakan. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 19 April 1994 (st), Kuroda 42 (E); Ndakan. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 19 April 1994 (st), Kuroda 43 (E); Ndakan, gorilla study area. M1670R. 2°22’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 17 April 1988 (fr), Harris, D.J. 525 (K,MO,WAG); Ndakan, Gorilla study, Dzanga-Sangha Reserve. 2°22’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 23 September 1988 (fr), Harris, D.J. 1181 (K,MO); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 11 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4571 (E,WAG). 3.7 Materials and Methods   ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 31 January 1986 (fr), Foresta 801 (P); ±‘—‘—: village de Moukina, route Komono-Moetché. 3°01’S 13°11’E, 25 January 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A. 1096 (P); Sangha: within 200 m of Issimbi Camp, Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park. 2°22.55’N 16°27.08’E, 4 May 2007 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9075 (E,IEC).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SE du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Nkumekie, 3000 m du début du layon. 1°28.77’N 10°17.66’E. Alt: 610m, 2 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 3 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 181 (BRLU); Monte Alèn, transect Nkumekie. ͳιʹͻǯͳͲιͳͺǯǡͳͲ’”‹ŽʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 875 (BRLU); Monte Alèn, transecto Monte Alén. 1°39’N 10°18’E, ͳͻ’”‹ŽʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡNgomo 928ȋȌǢ’ƒ”“—‡ƒ ‹‘ƒŽ†‡‘–‡Ž°ǣ›ƒ‰–ƒ‰ǡ ƒ‹‘Šƒ ‹ƒ‡Ž”À‘ƒÓƒǤ ͳι͵͵ǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͻͻȋϐŽȌǡPérez Viso 962 (MA); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 Km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.22’N 10°04.87’E. Alt: 410m, 16 February 2002 (st), Senterre 2348 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 Km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°36.56’N 10°05.55’E. Alt: 750m, 25 June 2002 (st), Senterre 3024 (BRLU); près du village de Bicurga. 1°35’N 10°28’E. Alt: 680m, 24 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3126 (BRLU); inselberg de Bicurga, près †—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†‡‹ —”‰ƒǤͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͳͲǡʹͶƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡParmentier 3163 (BRLU); inselberg de ‹ —”‰ƒǡ’”°•†—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†‡‹ —”‰ƒǤͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤŽ–ǣ͹͸ͲǡʹͲƒ›ʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡParmentier 3225 (BRLU); inselberg de Bicurga, près du village de Bicurga. 1°35’N 10°28’E. Alt: 715m, 22 May 2002 (st), Parmentier 3273 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Chocolate. 1°46’N 10°16’E, 10 October 1994 ȋϐŽȌǡ Lejoly 94/ 214 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoralǣ ƒ›‡ǡ ”‹˜‡” ‡‹–‘Ǥ ͳι͵ͷǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ Ͷ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͺͻ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bates, G.L. 570ȋ ǡȌǢ‘–•†‡”‹•–ƒŽǤͳͲ†ǯ—ƒ‘•ǤͳιͲͻǯͳͲιͳͶǯǡʹʹ—‰—•–ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡWilks 1815 (LBV,WAG); ‹‘ —‹ǡ ‡Ž‡ œƒ•: Obamico (Parc National de Nsork). 1°14’N 11°02’E, 3 September ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNguema Miyono 305 (BRLU); Parc national de Nsork, Obamicu, Rio Abang. 1°14’N 11°20’E. Alt: 500m, 26 July 1998 (fr), Lejoly 98/ 39 (BRLU). , Estuaireǣ͹Ǥ‘ˆǯ‘—ǡʹͶ‘ˆ–‘—ǤͲι͵͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͳǡͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Louis, A.M. 262ȋ ȌǢ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιʹͷǯͻιʹ͸ǯǡʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͺͻͺȋϐŽȌǡKlaine 397 (P); Kango, proche de village au S du pont de rivière Komo et avant pont de rivière Bokoué. 0°11.0’N 10°07.3’E, 5 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 654ȋǡ ȌǢͷƒ——††‡‘ƒ›‘‰ǤͲι͵͹ǯͻιͶ͵ǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡFloret 1422 (LBV,WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream of the hydroelectric power station. 0°26’N 10°16’E. Alt: 100m, 20 November 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8859 (LBV,MO,WAG); Parc National de Monts de Cristal, road L108 from Tchimbélé to Kinguélé. 0°37.8’N 10°21.7’E. Alt: 394m, 25 October 2011 (fr), Maas, P.J.M. 9985 (LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains; Tchimbélé Dam region; 0°37’N 10°21’E. Alt: 550m, 23 September 2000 ȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 17970 (LBV,MO); Crystal Mountains, 49040m on transect G. 0°31’N 10°25’E, 3 May 2001 (fr), Wilks AP 3447 (LBV,WAG); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Batéké Plateau, Station of the Projet de Protection des Gorilles. ʹιͲ͹ǯͳͶιͲͶǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲͲǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWalters, G.M. 904 (MO,WAG); après pont de la rivière Sebe. ͲιͶ͵ǯͳ͵ιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͵ǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 916 (LBV,WAG); East of Gorilla Research Station ƒŽ‘‰ ’ƒ••ƒ ‹˜‡”Ǥ ʹιͲ͸Ǥ͹ͺǯ ͳͶιͲͶǤͲʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͶͶǡ ͷ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bradley, A.F. 1167 (MO,WAG); ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ ‘›ƒ„‹ǡ ƒ ʹ͵  ”‘ƒ† ‘ƒ†ƒ –‘ ”ƒ ‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ ͳι͵ͻǯ ͳ͵ιͳ͹ǯǡ ͷ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 6770 (B,C,MA,WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué 100 km S of ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲι͵ͲǯͻιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͳƒ” Šͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALK-B) 826 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: –ƒ”–‹ǤͳιͶͳǯͳͲιͷ͸ǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐŽȌǡWalker, A.A. s.n. (P); Est du Parc National de Waka, à ± 5 km au —††‡Žƒ”‹˜‹°”‡ƒ›‹Ǥͳιͳ͵Ǥ͹ǯͳͳιͳ͹ǤͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͸Ͷ͹ǡͳͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡDauby 689 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); ƒ••‹ˆ†—Šƒ‹ŽŽ—ǡ‡ƒ”‘—›ƒƒƒǡάʹ͹Ǥ‘ˆ‹‘‰‘Ǥͳι͵ͻǯͳͳιͶ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͺͲͲǡʹ͸‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽǡ fr), Louis, A.M. 898 ȋ ȌǢ ‹˜‹†‡Ǥ ͳιͲʹǤͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲͻǤ͵͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͶͶǡ ͳ͸  –‘„‡” ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Towns 1343 ȋǡ ȌǢ‘—˜ƒŽƒŠ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ’’‡”•Ž‘’‡‘ˆ”‹†‰‡Ǥͳι͵͹Ǥ͵ǯͳͳιͶͷǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͻ͸Ͳǡͷ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLeal, M.E. 1868ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‘—˜ƒŽƒŠ‹ŽŽ•Ǥ‹†•Ž‘’‡Ǥͳι͵͹ǤͺǯͳͳιͶ͸Ǥ͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͺʹͲǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLeal, M.E. 2002 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rive gauche (sud) de l’Ikoy, à environ 10 km de l’embouchure avec la Ngounié. 0°48.53’S ͳͲι͵͹ǤͳʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸ͺǡ ʹͶ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dauby 2895 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); entre Boudyanguila & Noumbo. 1°50’S 11°33’E, September 1925 (st), Le Testu 5520 (BM,BR,P); forest south of 8½ km on road ‘—ƒ„‘—–‘‘—Žƒ‘—–‘—Ǥͳι͵͸ǤͶͻǯͳͳιͶ͵ǤʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͷͲǡͳ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͳ͵ȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7479 (WAG); ͵ͷ‘—‹Žƒ–‘‡‘ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͷͲǡʹͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 8216 (C,K,WAG); 50 km on ”‘ƒ†‘—‹Žƒ–‘‡‘ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡʹ͸‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 8252 (C,K,WAG); road from ƒ†Œ‹ ‹–‘   ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡ ͳͺ   ‘ˆ ƒ†Œ‹ǡ ‡–‹‡” ‘–ƒ‹“—‡Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͲǯ ͳͲιͳ͸ǤͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͺǡ ͳͳ November 2011 (fr), Maas, P.J.M. 10236 (LBV,UC,WAG); road from Mandji to Rabi, 18 km W of Mandji, Sentier 3 ’Ǥʹͳͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥʹͳ͸ ‘–ƒ‹“—‡Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͳǯ ͳͲιͳ͸Ǥ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͶͲǡ ͳͶ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Maas, P.J.M. 10322 (LBV,MO,UC,WAG); Massif de Koumounabwali 21 km along the Bondola river, counting from road Lambaréné-Fougamou. 1°18’S 10°26’E. Alt: 250m, 14 December 1995 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11600 (LBV,MO,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: M’passa. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 10 March 1977 (st), Florence 33 (P); Bélinga 2 km along the lower track of Babiel Nord. ͳιͲͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͸͹ͷǡ ͳͻ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler; Wilde 724 (C,WAG); Parc d’Ipassa makokou, après château d’eau. 0°31’N 12°48’E, 10 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1103 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village Mbondo. 0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1157 (LBV,WAG); Makokou, ’Žƒ–‡ƒ— †ǯ ’ƒ••ƒǤ Ͳι͵Ͷǯ ͳʹιͷʹǯǡ ʹͶ —‡ ͳͻ͹Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Farron 7503 (P); Makokou, plateau d’Ipassa. 0°34’N 12°52’E, June 1970 (st), Farron 7553 (P); Makokou, vers le plateau Ipassa. 0°32’N 12°49’E, 30 June 1970 (fr), Farron 7590ȋȌǢƒ‘‘—ǡ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—†ǯ ’ƒ••ƒǤͲι͵ͳǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ —Ž›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡFarron 7649 (P); Makokou, non Ž‘‹†‡Žƒ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡‹••‹‘„‹‘Ž‘‰‹“—‡†—ǤͲι͵ͳǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ —Ž›ͳͻ͹Ͳȋ•–ȌǡFarron 7660 (P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Lolo: region de Lastoursville, Ngoma. 1°01’S 12°43’E, December 1929 (st), Le Testu 7779 (BM,BR,P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ Maritimeǣƒ„‹ǡ͵Ǥ͸‘”‘ƒ†ˆ”‘ƒ„‹–‘‹˜ƒ‰—‹ǤͳιͷͶǯͻιͷͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͲǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Haegens 35 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi, 4.5km on road from Rabi to Divangui. 1°54’S 9°54’E. Alt: 30m, 10 November ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡHaegens 36 (BR,E,HBG,K,LBV,LD,MA,MO,WAG); Rabi, in hectare plot of J.J. Wieringa. 1°55’S 9°53’E. Alt: 30m, 17 November 1993 (fr), Haegens 72 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, road to Divangui. 1°54’S 9°55’E. Alt: 30m, 6 December 1993 (fr), Haegens 109 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-E, N of Pechoud Camp. 1°56.5’S 9°52.9’E, ʹ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡNek 116 (BR,C,E,G,M,MA,MO,PRE,WAG); Rabi-NE, at logging site of CBG, ca 5 km beyond Š‡ ’‘‹–‹˜ƒ‰—‹ǤͳιͷͲǯͳͲιͲͲǯǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡNek 149ȋ ȌǢƒ„‹Ǧǡ‡ƒ”Œ— –‹‘ƒ’Š‡ŽŽȀ ‡ Šƒ—†Ǥͳιͷ͸Ǥ͸ǯͻιͷʹǤ͹ǯǡͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡNek 197 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rembo Rabi, NW of Rabi site. 1°53.7’S 9°50.7’E, 13 November 1990 (fr), Nek 288 (WAG); N of Yéno, next to débarcadère of Forester 150 m from Fouanou village. 1°35.0’S 9°57.8’E. Alt: 15m, 12 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 988 ȋȌǢƒ„‹Ǧ‘—‰ƒǡ‘ˆƒ‹”’‘”–ȋ‹ͳǦŠƒ’Ž‘–ȌǤͳιͷͷǤ͹ǯͻιͷʹǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷǡʹ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1647 (C,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Shell concession, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt: 56m, 24 January 2010 ȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2138ȋǡǡȌǢƒ„‹ǦŠ‡ŽŽ ‘ ‡••‹‘ǡŒ—•–‘ˆƒ„‹‘‹Žϐ‹‡Ž†ǤͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸ǡ ʹ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡDauby 2184 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Doudou Mountains National Parc 5 km S of Camp Peny (CBG). 2°03.1’S 10°27.9’E. Alt: 100m, 14 November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2289 (LBV,MO,WAG); Doudou Mountains ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ” ͷͲ‘ˆƒ†Œ‹ǤʹιͲͺǤʹǯͳͲιʹ͵ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͹ͷǡͳ͹‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͷȋϐŽȌǡSosef 2365 (LBV,WAG); ƒ„‹ǡ‘ˆƒ‹”•–”‹’ǡͳŠƒǦ’Ž‘–ǤͳιͷͷǤ͹ǯͻιͷʹǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹ͹ƒ” ŠͳͻͻͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2593 (WAG); 44 km along a track leading in a western direction into the Doudou Mountains from Doussala. 2°14’S 10°25’E. Alt: 150m, 3 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9134 (MO,WAG); Rabi. 1°55’S 9°50’E, 26 March 1990 (fr), Breteler 9517ȋ ȌǢͳ‘–Š‡”‘ƒ†ƒ„‹Ǧ‹˜ƒ‰—‹ǤͳιͷͶǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͷ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9724 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ„‹ǡ ‹˜ƒ‰—‹ †Ǥ ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ ͵ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Breteler 9764 (WAG); Rabi‘—‰ƒǡ‹˜ƒ‰—‹†Ǥͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10147 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, ‹˜ƒ‰—‹”‘ƒ†Ǥͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 10224 (BR,E,HUJ,K,LBV,MO,WAG); ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: •‡Ž„‡”‰‹Ž‘„‘ǤͲιͷ͸ǯͳͲι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣ͹ͲͲǡͳͲ —Ž›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡNgok Banak 60 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Bordamur consession area, some 48 km from WWF-station, on large Inselberg near logging road construction site. ͳιͳͶǯ ͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͷͻͲǡ ͳͶ  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Strijk 156 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inselberg Milobo. 0°56.9’N ͳͲι͵ͳǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͸Ͳǡʹͺ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡNgok Banak 264 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); 11 km SE of Mitzic, bridge ‘˜‡” ƒ‘ ”‹˜‡” ƒ–  ˆ‘”‡•–”› ƒ’Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͻǯ ͳͳι͵͹ǤͺǯǤ Ž–ǣ Ͷͺͺǡ ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋ•–Ȍǡ Bissiengou 765 (LBV,WAG); 48 km NE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°04.8’N ͳͳιͷʹǤʹǯǤŽ–ǣͷ͸Ͳǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 809 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot II, Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E, 11 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 932 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, le long de la rivière Mbé, piste après la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010 ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 966 (LBV,WAG); Chantier Rougier Ocean, Oveng; 40 km NW of Oveng. 0°46’N 11°06’E, 20 September 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1520 (MA,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 40 km NE of Mitzic. 1°04.8’N 11°52.4’E. Alt: 500m, 6 February 2003 (fr), Sosef 1869 (LBV,MO,WAG); Minkébé area, at 1100 m from –Š‡ ƒ’Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡʹͻƒ” ŠͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series AM 66 (WAG); Minkébé area, footpath between ƒ’ƒ†–”ƒ•‡ –Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡͺƒ” ŠͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 41 (WAG); Minkébé area, side plot Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 85 (WAG); Minkébé area. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 94ȋ ȌǢ”‹˜‡” ˜‹†‘Ǥͳιͳͷǯͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡͳ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽȌǡMinkébé Series W 570 (K,LBV,MAKOK,MO,P,WAG). , Ashanti Regionǣ ”‡›ƒ ƒ•Šƒ–‹Ǥ ͸ιͳ͵ǯ ͳιͳͲǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 493 (FHO); Pra-Anum Forest 3.7 Materials and Methods ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͸ιͳͷǯͳιͳͲǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAndoh 4338 (BM); Juaso (Ash). 6°35’N 1°07’W, February 1930 ȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 1819ȋ ȌǢϐ‹ ‡ƒ†ƒ–‡”•Ǥ͹ιͲͲǯͳιʹ͹ǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵Ͳȋˆ”ȌǡVigne FH 1911 (A,BM,FHO,K); Bobiri F.R. 6°40’N 1°20’W, May 1951 (fr), Enti FH 6717 (K,P); Eastern Region: Atewa Range Forest Reserve. ͸ιͲͻǯͲι͵͸ǯǡͳͺ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡHall, J.B. GC 40169 (K); Western Region: Tano River. 5°13’N 2°45’W, 19 ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͳʹȋϐŽȌǡChipp 384 (K). IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ †‹‘’‘†‘—±ǡ ‘–ƒ‹ ƒŽ ‰ƒ”†‡•Ǥ ͷιͳͻǯ ͶιͲͺǯǡ ͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͹ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Doorn 77 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ƒ”†‹ ‘–ƒ‹“—‡ †ǯ†‹‘’‘†‘—±Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ ͶιͲͻǯǡ ʹͲ  –‘„‡” ͳͻ͸Ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Aké Assi 6757 (G); Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 6 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7026 (P); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W, May 1949 (fr), Bégué SF 3146 (P); Aboisso: Ayamé-Ganviéssou. 5°37’N 3°11’W, 12 May 1965 (fr), Miège s.n. (G); Ayamé. 5°37’N 3°11’W, 12 May 1965 (fr), Aké Assi s.n. (G); Agbovilleǣ ‘”²– †— ƒ’‘Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͳͲǯǡ ͳͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸Ͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Oldeman, R.A.A. 998 (K,MO,WAG); Azaguié. 5°38’N 4°06’W, 19 December 1991 (fr), Chatelain 1000 (G); 40 km ‘ˆƒ„‹†ŒƒǤ ‘”‡–†‡ƒ’‘ǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLeeuwenberg 1817 (K,WAG,Z); ƒ’‘ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͷιͶͶǤͷǯͶιͲ͹Ǥ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡ͵ͳ—‰—•–ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4276 (WAG); In vicinioribus Yapo‘”†ǤͷιͶ͸ǯͶιͲ͹ǯǡƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBernardi, L. 8664 (G,K,US); Yapo. 5°48’N 4°08’W, 15 November 1954 (fr), Roberty 15475ȋ ǡȌǢƒ’‘ǤͷιͶͺǯͶιͲͺǯǡ’”‹ŽͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡBégué SF 3147 (P); —±‘—±: Duekoué-Buyo, Ǥ†—œ‘Ǥ͸ιʹ͹ǯ͹ιͳͷǯǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2143 (BR); Guiglo: Djiloubaye. 6°06’N 7°30’W, 22 ƒ” ŠʹͲͲʹȋϐŽȌǡBakayoko 95ȋ ǡ ȌǢƒÃǤͷιͷʹǯ͹ιʹ͹ǯǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽȌǡStäuble 684 (G); Tienkoula. ͸ιͲ͹ǯ ͹ι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳ ƒ” Š ͳͻ͸ʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bernardi, L. 8347 (K); Ad occidentem miserrimi oppidi Taï nuncupati, —Ž–”ƒϐŽ—‡ƒ˜ƒŽ‹ǡ‹†‡•–‹–‡””‹–‘”‹‘”‡‹’—„Ž‹ ƒ‡‹„‡”‹ƒ‡ǤͷιͷͲǯ͹ιͳͲǯǡ͵ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡBernardi, L. 8437 (G,K); Sassandra: near the road to Sassandra, near Lagako, 8.1km, near piste. 5°25’N 5°50’W. Alt: 5m, ͹ƒ›ͳͻ͹ͷȋϐŽȌǡBeentje 26 (UCJ,WAG); 70 km of Sassandra, direction Lokata. 5°20’N 5°55’W, 1 May 1962 (fr), Leeuwenberg 4079 (B,K,L,WAG); ‘—„”±: P.N. de Taï, zone Est, secteur Soubré, groupe de transect VI. 5°42.7’N 6°58.7’W, 24 March 2010 (st), Scouppe 277 (G,WAG); 25 km SW of Guéyo. 5°36’N 6°12’W. Alt: 100m, ʹͶƒ” Šͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLeeuwenberg 3723 (B,BR,FHI,HBG,K,MO,P,PRF,SL,UC,WAG); Tabou: FC de la Ht Dodo, close to Kouadjokro. 5°00’N 7°18’W. Alt: 150m, 3 May 1999 (fr), Jongkind 4457 (WAG). LIBERIA, Grand Gedeh: Eastern Privince, Putu District. New road from Chien to Cape Palmas. 5 km N of Kanweake, a small village situated 70 km S of Chien. 5°30’N 8°03’W, 29 March 1962 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3710 (B,EA,K,WAG); Maryland: 20 miles N of Harper, along secondary road. 4°39’N 7°41’W, 22 July 1971 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 2500 (WAG); Montserradoǣ‡–™‡‡‘„‡”–•ϐ‹‡Ž†ƒ†‘”‘˜‹ƒǡ”‘ƒ†–‘ƒ‡•ƒ”ǯ•‡ƒ ŠǤ͸ιͳ͵ǯ 10°35’W, 19 April 1970 (fr), Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 152 (WAG); ‹„ƒ: Losseh Pah. 6°46’N 8°47’W. Alt: 200m, 5 June 1960 (st), Voorhoeve 3 (WAG); National Forest, 18 miles N of Tapeta. 6°45’N 8°52’W, 15 February 1961 (st), Voorhoeve 174 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ–ƒǤ ͹ιͳͶǯ ͺιͷͻǯǡ —‡ ͳͻͶ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Harley, W.J. 1295 (K); Sino: at the Jalays ‘™Ǧ‡–”ƒ ‡‘ˆƒ’‘ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ”ǡƒŽ‘‰–Š‡‹‘‡”‹˜‡”ǤͷιʹͲǯͺιͶͺǯǡͳͻƒ” ŠʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡParren 517 (WAG); Inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of the Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 100m, 11 March 2009 ȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 8933 (BR,WAG).   , ǣ’”‘„ƒ„Ž›‹‡•–‡”‘”‘—–ŠǦƒ•–‡”–ƒ–‡ǤͳͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1047 (BR,BUC,K,MO,POZG,WAG,YA); Akwa-Ibom State: South Eastern State. Stubbs Creek Forest Reserve ͵Ͳ   ‘ˆ ‡–Ǥ Ͷι͵͸ǯ ͺιͳ͸ǯǡ ͸ ’”‹Ž ͳͻ͹ͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1181 (WAG); Cross River State: Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 1911 (st), Talbot, P.A. 426 (BM); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20km ENE of Calabar. 5°00’N ͺι͵Ͳǯǡͳ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1109 (MO,WAG); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20 km ENE of Calabar. ͷιͲͲǯͺι͵Ͳǯǡʹ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1136 (WAG); South Eastern State. Oban Group Forest Reserve. East Block. 5°31’N 8°41’E. Alt: 200m, 21 April 1971 (fr), Meer, P.P.C. van 1410 (WAG); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. 1746 (BM); Edo State: Ehor and Ibekwe. 6°35’N 5°45’E, 1934 (fr), Fairbarn s.n. (BM); „‡™‡ǡ‡ƒ”‡‹Ǥ͸ι͵ͷǯͷιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFairbarn 49 (BM); Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E, ȋϐŽȌǡKennedy, J.D. 172 (FHO,K); 1965 Abe Taungya, nr Sapoba (SE of Benin). 6°06’N 5°53’E, 27 March 1969 ȋϐŽȌǡLowe, J. 1702ȋ ǡȌǢ„‡ƒ—‰›ƒǡ‡ƒ”ƒ’‘„ƒȋ‘ˆ‡‹ȌǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹ͹ƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽȌǡLowe, J. 1713 (WAG); Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 2104ȋ ȌǢƒ’‘„ƒǤ͸ιͲ͸ǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2251 ȋǡ ȌǢ ƒ‹‡•‘ ‹˜‡” ƒ’‘„ƒǤ ͸ιͲ͸ǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Kennedy, J.D. 3048 (FHO); Asaba. 6°11’N ͸ιͶͷǯǡ ƒ” Š ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 3610 (K); Owam F.R. by road between Uyere and Oke. 6°45’N 5°46’E, ͳͳ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBrenan 8986 (K); Okomu Forest Reserve, Compartment No 86. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 27 ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͶ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBrenan FHI 8612ȋȌǢ”‡Š‹ǡǤˆ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͸ι͵͹ǯ͸ιͲ͸ǯǡͳͷƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡ Hnuigboje FHI 21491ȋȌǢ ›‡—•—Ž—†‹•–”Ǥ ‹ŽŽ‹Ǧ ‹ŽŽ‹”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͸ιͲͷǯͷιʹͲǯǡͳͻƒ” Šͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡOgbeni FHI 43370ȋȌǢ ›‡—•‡Ž—†‹•–”Ǥ‹ϐ‹‡Ž†ͺƒ–ǤǤ Ǥ ǤǤǤ͸ιʹͺǯͷι͵ͳǯǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͳȋϐŽȌǡDaramola FHI 45665 3 ’Ǥʹͳ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods (K); Lagos Stateǣ Ǥ͵ȀͶ‹Ž‡•‘—–Š™‡•–‘ˆ•Š‘‡ Žƒ˜‡Ǥ͸ιʹͻǯ͵ιͳͻǯǡʹ’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17257 (FHO,K); Ogun State: Shasha forest reserve, Baba Eku. 7°00’N 4°15’E, 2 March 1935 (fr), Ross, R. 57 ȋȌǢŠƒ•Šƒˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ͹ιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡʹͲ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRoss, R. 238 (BM); 3 km S. of Aberu; 10 Km Ǥ‘ˆ‘ƒ™‹ŽŽǤ͹ιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡPilz 2391 (B); 3 km S. of Aberu; 10 Km S. of Omo Sawmill. ͹ιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡͳͶƒ›ͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡPilz 2444ȋǡǡȌǢŽ—Œ—Ǥ͹ιͲͷǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡͺƒ” Šͳͻ͵ͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRichards, P.W. 3210 (BM,S); Shasha forest reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 6 April 1935 (fr), Richards, P.W. 3330 (BM); Shasha forest reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 22 April 1935 (st), Richards, P.W. 3389 (BM); 4 miles south of Okoigbo at pathside in ʹ Ȁ Ǥ͹ιͲͻǯʹιͶ͹ǯǡͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 14722 (BR,FHO,K); in HF near compt 53. 6°49’N ͵ιͷ͸ǯǡͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡTamajong FHI 16839 (FHO); Taraba State: Gongola State, Sadauna Local govt Area, Gashaka Gangumi Forest Reserve. 6°55’N 11°30’E. Alt: 229m, 20 May 1977 (fr), Chapman, J.D. 4987 (FHO,K). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Harris & Wortley (2008), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954). 3 ’Ǥʹͳͺ Campylospermum umbricola (Tiegh.) Farron Fig. ʹͻ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Monelasmum umbricola Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea umbricola (Tiegh.) Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 259 (1904). – Type: Zenker 1792 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!, K!, P(2x)!, S! , WAG!, Z!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898. Monelasmum macrophyllum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (1902). – Type: Zenker 1848 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!, K!, Z!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898. Tree —’ –‘ ͳͷ  –ƒŽŽǡ „‘Ž‡ —’ –‘ ʹͲ , with branched trunk; twigs with brownish white bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of the petiole, c. 10 mm long. Leaf: petiole 10–13(–15) mm long, stout, canaliculate; leaf blade obovate, ȋʹͶȂȌʹͺȂͶͷȋȂͷ͵Ȍ š ȋͺȂȌͳͳȂͳͶȋȂͳ͹Ȍ , ratio ʹǤͷȂ͵Ǥͻ, base cuneate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, coriaceous, not to slightly bullate, glossy green above, paler green and less glossy below, margin regularly serrulate, entire toward the base; venation: ‹†”‹„ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ’”‘‹‡–„‡‡ƒ–ŠǡʹȂ͵™‹†‡–‘™ƒ”†•–Š‡’‡–‹‘Ž‡, main lateral veins (16–)23–26 on either side, 15–35 mm apart, slightly prominent but often running in a depression above, not to slightly prominent below, at a right to slight angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–4 between each pair of main lateral veins, prominent on both sides, tertiary ˜‡ƒ–‹‘• ƒŽƒ”‹ˆ‘”ǡ’‡”’‡†‹ —Žƒ”–‘‘„Ž‹“—‡–‘–Š‡ƒ‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ˜‡‹•ǡ‹†‹•–‹ –ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ slightly distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (19–)22–40(– 48) cm long, cylindrical; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; racemes (3–)5–9, (9–)12–26(–30) cm long; cymules 0.5–3.5 cm apart, ͳȂͳʹǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†; bracts caducous. Flower: pedicel (8–)10–15 mm long, articulated at 1–5 mm from the base, •–”‘‰Ž›‹ϐŽƒ–‡† in fruit; sepals ovateǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͻȂͳͲš͸Ȃ͹ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ȋʹͲȂȌʹͷȂ ͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌšȋͳͲȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͲȋȂʹͷȌ, coriaceous, base truncate, apex rounded, enclosing the drupelets; petals broadly obovate, ͳ͵Ȃͳͻš͹ȂͳͲǡ clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2–3 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged in fruit up to 4–5 mm thick; drupelets 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–11 mm long, immature ones red, mature ones black; cotyledons 3.7 Materials and Methods accumbent, more or less similar in size. Notes: This species was previously only known from south-western Cameroon, but has now also been collected in the Crystal Mountains National Park, north-western Gabon. –‹•–‘„‡‡š’‡ –‡†‹“—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒƒ•™‡ŽŽǤC. umbricola is a distinct species, easily distinguished by the large and coriaceous leaves and by the sepals that are strongly enlarged in fruit. Distribution: south-western Cameroon and north-western Gabon (Crystal Mountains) (Map ʹͻ). Ecology: primary and secondary coastal forest, along streams; at 50–1000 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ˆ”‘’”‹Ž–‘—‰—•–Ǣ fruiting from June to July. IUCN conservation statusǣ  ͳȀ ʹȋ‹‹‹ǡ‹˜ȌǤ αͷͳǡ͵͸ͳ 2ǡ αʹ͸ǡͺͻʹ km2ǡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͹ ȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šαͷʹ ȌǤ This species has a disjunct distribution in Cameroon. Most of its locations are found outside of protected areas, some of which are under heavy environmental pressure of human populations and logging. Only one collection is from a protected area (Crystal Mountains National Park in Gabon). Therefore, the category of Near Threatened •‡‡•Œ—•–‹ϐ‹‡†Ǥ Specimens examined: A 3 C B ͳ ʹ ‹‰—”‡ ʹͻǤ Campylospermum umbricola. A. Sterile branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Flowering „”ƒ Š ™‹–Š ϐŽ‘™‡” „—†•Ǥ ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani , Central Provinceǣ •‡ƒǤ ͵ι͵ͻǯ ͳͲιͶ͸ǯǡ ͺ —‡ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Mbarga 21 (P); South Province: Path to Mont d’Elephant, 6 km S of Bidou III. 2°48’N 10°02’E. Alt: 150m, 24 August 1997 (fr), Burgt, X.M. van der 119 (BR,K,KRIBI,MA,MO,NY,P,WAG,YA); Lolodorf, Ngowayang. 3°15’N 10°37’E, 14 June 1918 (st), Annet 258 (P); Lolodorf, Urwaldgebiet. 3°14’N 10°43’E, 1896 (fr), Staudt 260 (COI,P,S); Lolodorf. 3°14’N 10°44’E, 16 June 1918 (st), Annet 355 ȋȌǢ ‘Ž‘†‘”ˆǤ ͵ιͳͶǯ ͳͲιͶͶǯǡ ͳ͸ —‡ ͳͻͳͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Annet 362 (P); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.17’N 10°01.61’E. Alt: 73m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1213 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ‹’‹†‡Ǥ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Zenker 1792 (BM,E,G,K,S,W,Z); Bidou, Mont d’Elephant, along the path to the summit. 2°47.9’N 10°01.1’E. Alt: 200m, 13 August 2002 (st), Tchouto Mbatchou 3385 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (fr), Zenker 4054 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,S,W,Z); 6 km E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi, N. of road to Mboké. 3°20’N 10°12’E. Alt: 100m, 2 May 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5677 (BAS,BR,K,P,WAG,YA); SE. of Kribi, E. of Mt. Elephant. 2°47’N 10°01’E, 30 June 1970 (fr), Bos, J.J. 7000 (BR ,K,L,LD,LMA,M,MO,P,SRGH,UPS,WAG,YA); Kribi, 15 km au SE du Mont Eléphant. 2°49’N 10°01’E, 28 April 1970 (st), Farron 7194 (P); 47 km on the road from Ebolowa to Lolodorf, just past Mengele. 3°07’N 10°51’E. Alt: 640m, 25 July 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8388 (BR,MO,P,WAG); South-West Province: near Mbu village, 10 •™‡•–‘ˆ‘‡™Š‹ Š‹•‘–Š‡—„ƒǦƒˆ‡”‘ƒ†ǤͷιͲ͵ǯͻιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡMambo 7 ’Ǥʹͳͻ 3.7 Materials and Methods (MO,P,WAG); path from Ndibise to Mejelet, west of Bangem Bakossi. 5°04’N 9°42’E. Alt: 1000m, 9 June 1987 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡEtuge 521 (BR,MO); Korup National Park, P transect, NE corner of plot 25G. 5°01’N 8°47’E. Alt: 100m, 31 May 2000 (st), Burgt, X.M. van der 604 (G,SCA,WAG); Buea-Douala. South Korup Reserve, rocky river banks ‘ˆƒƒ‹˜‡”ǡƬ‘‹Ž’ƒŽ•ǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲǡ͸ —Ž›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡThomas, D.W. 2271 (MO,WAG). , ‘Ž‡—Ǧ–‡: Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot III, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.0’E. Alt: 432m, 14 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 977 (LBV,WAG); Mbe National Park. Monts de Cristal. Follow road at base of Tchimbele Dam towards picnic area. At curve in road follow stream to left. 0°37’N 10°24’E. Alt: 500m, 1 February 2005 (st), Walters, G.M. 1532 (MO). Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985). 3 ’ǤʹʹͲ Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron Fig. ͵Ͳ Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Gomphia vogelii Hook.f. ex Planch., Lond. Journ. Bot. 6: 2 (1847). – Ouratea vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Engl. ex Gilg, in Engl. & ”ƒ–Žǡ ƒ–Ǥ ϐŽƒœ‡ˆƒǤ ‡†Ǥ ͳǡ ǡ ͸ǣ ͳͶʹ ȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤ Ȃ Monelasmum vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type: Vogel 53 (holotype: K!; isotype: P!), Liberia, Grand Bassam, July 1841. Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. poggei Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 81 (1893). – Monelasmum poggei (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea poggei (Engl.) Gilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 272 (1904). – Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron var. poggei (Engl.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 404 (1965). – Lectotype (here designated): Pogge 684 (holotype: B†; isotype: COI!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mukenge, March 12th, 1881. Ouratea dewevrei De Wild. et Th.Dur., Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., sér. 3, 1: 37 (1901). – Exomicrum dewevrei (De Wild. et Th.Dur.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (1902). – Monelasmum dewevrei (De Wild. et Th.Dur.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (1903). – Type: Dewèvre 744 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1896. Exomicrum foliosum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Staudt 268 (holotype: COI!; isotype: G!, S!), Cameroon, Lolodorf, 1896. Exomicrum lolodorfense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Staudt 129 (holotype: COI!; isotype: G!, K!, S!), Cameroon, Lolodorf, 1896. Monelasmum hiernii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (1902). – Gomphia hiernii (Tiegh.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 92 (1998). – Type: Welwitsch 4605 (holotype: COI!; isotype: BM!, G!, K!), Angola, Malanje, Pungo, Andongo. Monelasmum molleri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (1902). – Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron var. molleri (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 404 (1965). – Type: Moller s.n. (holotype: COI!; isotype: BM!), Sao-Tomé, Boca (destricto Novo Destino), May 1885. Monelasmum thomense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (1902). – Type: Moller s.n. (holotype: COI!), Sao-Tomé, July 1885. Ouratea dinklagei Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 265 (1904). – Type: Dinklage 945 (holotype: B†; isotype: WAG!), Cameroon, Gross Batanga. 3.7 Materials and Methods Monelasmum jollyanum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 10: 168 (1907). – Type Jolly s.n. (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, 1895-1896. Tree up to 13 m tall, bole up to 7(–10) cm in diameter, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish white bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of the petiole, triangular, 1–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic, ȋ͹ȂȌͻȂʹ͵ȋȂʹ͹Ȍ š ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ ͻȋȂͳͲȌ , ratio ȋʹǤʹȂȌʹǤͶȂ͵Ǥ͹, base cuneate to attenuate, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous to papyraceous, not to slightly bullate, margin serrate to serrulate, medium green above, paler green below, glossy to dull on both sides; midrib prominent above, prominent to slightly so below, main lateral veins 10–25 on either side, 8–16(–20) mm apart, prominent on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, joined by cross veinlets, distinct to slightly so above, distinct below. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis 3–14(–22) cm long, ‘’”‡••‡† –‘ ϐŽƒ––‡‡†ǡ œ‹‰œƒ‰; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; racemes ȋͳ–)͵Ȃ͹ǡȋʹȂȌͷȂ͹ȋȂͳ͵Ȍ Ž‘‰; cymules ͳȂʹ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡʹȂ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –• caducous, triangular, c. 1 mm long. Flower: pedicel 6–13 mm long, articulated at ͵Ȃ͹ mm from the baseǢ•‡’ƒŽ•ƒ””‘™Ž›‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ͷȂͺšͳǤͷȂ͵ǡ‹ˆ”—‹–ͳͲȂͳͷš 5–6 mm and enveloping the drupelets, base rounded, apex acute; petals obovate, 3–10 x 3–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded to slightly emarginated at apex; stamens anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 1 mm thick ‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ‹ˆ”—‹– Ǥ͵Ǣ†”—’‡Ž‡–•ͳ–‘Ͷ™‡ŽŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†’‡””‡ ‡’–ƒ Ž‡ǡellipsoid to ellipsoid-oblong, 7–10 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon. Notes: The varieties C. vogelii (Hook. f) Farron var. poggei (Engl.) Farron and C. vogelii (Hook. f) Farron var. molleri (Tiegh.) Farron are lumped into C. vogelii. Farron (1965) does not state why he recognized these varieties, nor does he explain that in his 1967 ‘” ͳͻͺͷ ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ”‘ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† „› Š‹ǡ ™‡ ‘ Ž—†‡ –Šƒ– ˜ƒ”Ǥ molleri Šƒ•ƒ‘”‡Žƒšƒ†•Ž‡†‡”‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ǡƒ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ –Šƒ–™‡–Š‹‹•”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡ environmental conditions in which the plant grows. Then, from the fact that in his Flore du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi treatment he only treats var. poggei (along with var. costatum, but see C. costatum) and writes this is found from Angola to Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, we conclude that Farron treats the Central and East African material as being distinct from the typical West African var. vogelii. However, we failed to identify consistent characters to distinguish these geographical populations and thus decided not to recognize any varieties within C. vogelii. C. vogelii can be easily confused with C. reticulatum, but it differs by having a compressed –‘ϐŽƒ––‡‡†’‡†— Ž‡ƒ†‹ϐŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ƒš‹•ǤC. vogelii has a scalariform tertiary venation 3 ’Ǥʹʹͳ 3 ’Ǥʹʹʹ 3.7 Materials and Methods A B ͳ ʹ ‹‰—”‡͵ͲǤ Campylospermum vogelii. A. Fruiting branch. B. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani ƒ’͵ͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum vogelii 3.7 Materials and Methods which is perpendicular to the midrib and joined by cross veinlets. Distribution: Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, •‘—–Š‡” ‡–”ƒŽ ˆ”‹ ƒ ‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ “—ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ —‹‡ƒǡ ƒ‘ ‘± Ƭ ”‹ ‹’‡ǡ ƒ„‘ǡ Republic of the Congo, Angola, Democratic Republic of Angola, Uganda, Burundi, western Tanzania and northern Zambia (Map ͵ͳ). Ecology: primary or secondary forest, open understory forest, gallery and swamp area, forest, forest edges, coastal forest; on rocks along the sea-shore and white sandy soil; at up to 1800 m altitude. PhenologyǣϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ƒ†ˆ”—‹–‹‰ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ””‘—†Ǥ Vernacular names: Cameroon: Okoga (Yaounde); Central African Republic: Mabungu (Lissongo); ƒ‘ ‘± Ƭ ”‹ ‹’‡: Café bravo; Sierra Leone: Tongane-le or Bue-le (Sherbro). Usesǣ†‡ ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡•Š”—„™‹–Š›‡ŽŽ‘™ϐŽ‘™‡”•ȋ—”‹ŽŽͳͻͻ͹ȌǤŠ‡™‘‘†‹•”‡’‘”–‡†–‘„‡ —•‡†ƒ•ϐ‹”‡™‘‘†ƒ†–‹„‡”ȋ ƒ””‘ͳͻ͸͹ȌǤ IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͹ǡͳͲͺǡͳͶͲ2ǡαͺǡͺ͸͸ǡʹ͸Ͳ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αͳ͹ͻ ȋ ‡ŽŽ™‹†–Šαͷ͸͵ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ†ˆ”‘‡•––‘‡–”ƒŽƒ†‡ƒ•–‡”ˆ”‹ ƒǤ It occurs in numerous protected areas, and therefore the category of Least Concern has been applied. Specimens examined:  , Cabindaǣƒ‹‘ǤͶιͶ͸ǯͳʹι͵͸ǯǡͺ’”‹ŽͳͻͳͻȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 7986 (BM,COI,K,LISC); —ƒœƒ‘”–‡: de Monte Lau-Monte Belo (Cazengo). 9°18’S 14°43’E, December 1912 (fr), Gossweiler 5434 (COI,LISC); Cuanza Sulǣ ƒ„‡Žƒǡ‘­ƒ؃–”ƒ†ƒǤͳͲιͷʹǯͳͶιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͻ͵ǡʹʹ —‡ͳͻͷͷȋˆ”ȌǡCaldas 836 (LUA); —ƒœƒ—Žǡ„‘‹ǡ ƒ’‹”ǤͳͲιͶͷǯͳͶιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͺͷͲǡͳͲ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡGossweiler 9961 (BM,COI,K); ƒ„‡Žƒǡ ‘­ƒ ‘„ƒŽǡ ž”‹‘ —ŠƒǤ ͳͲιͷͳǯ ͳͶιʹʹǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͲͷͲǡ ͳ͹ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻ͸͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 11696ȋȌǢ ƒ„‡Žƒǡ‘­ƒ‘„ƒŽǡ— — ‘ǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͷͲǡʹͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTeixeira, J.M.L.B. 11781ȋȌǢ ƒ„‡Žƒǡ•–”ƒ†ƒ‡–”‡ƒ‘­ƒ— ‹ϐŽ‹ƒ‡‘­ƒˆ”‹ ƒƒǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͷͲǡʹ December 1967 (fr), Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 11839 (LUA); Malanjeǣ—‰‘ǡ†‘‰‘ǤͻιͶͲǯͳͷι͵ͷǯǡȋϐŽȌǡWelwitsch, F.M.J. 4605 (BM,COI,G,K).  , Bubanza: Route de Butara, pont de la Kagunuzi. 3°03’S 29°20’E. Alt: 1200m, 17 December 1967 (fr), Lewalle 2550 (BM,BR,K); Gitegaǣ ‘ϐŽ—‡–†‡ƒ”—œ‹Ǧ—˜—˜—Ǥ͵ιͳͷǯ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡʹͷ —‡ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡBen 2113 ȋȌǢ‘ϐŽ—‡–ƒ”—œ‹Ǧ—˜—˜—Ǥ͵ιͳͷǯ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡͳͺ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBen 2388 (EA,K). , Central Province: près de l’étang Atemengue (Melen), station de pêche et pisciculture de ƒ‘—†‡Ǥ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡEndengle 179 (P); près de Banda, à 56 km SW de Linte. 5°08’N ͳͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Nkongmeneck 290 ȋȌǢ „‘„ƒǤ ͶιͲ͵ǯ ͳʹιͷ͵ǯǡ ʹͷ ’”‹Ž ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 1780 (P); near ferry Nachtigal 20 km N. of Obala. 4°21’N 11°38’E. Alt: 400m, 11 June 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2665 ȋ ȌǢ ƒ Š–‹‰ƒŽǤ Ͷιʹͳǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͷͲǡ ʹ͸ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹ͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Lowe, J. 3548 (K); Nachtigal. 4°21’N 11°41’E. Alt: 450m, 13 February 1979 (fr), Lowe, J. 3756 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͶͲ  †‡ ƒ‘—†‡ •—” Žƒ ”‘—–‡ ancienne de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (st), Farron 7268 (P); pentes Orientales du Mt Yangba (1473 Ȍ’”°•›ƒϐ‹ƒ‰ƒȋͶʹ†‡ƒϐ‹ƒȌǤ ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ‹–‡ǤͷιͲ͸ǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͻ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸͸ ȋϐŽȌǡ Letouzey 7830 ȋȌǢ ”‹˜‡ †‡ Žƒ ƒƒ‰ƒǡ ƒ— ‘ϐŽ—‡– †‡ Žǯ•ƒ„ƒǡ ’”°• †‡ †Œ‘”‡ ȋͶͷ   †ǯ„ƒŽƒȌǤ ͶιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ʹǯǡʹ͸‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 9780 (BR,K); East Province: Km 55 of road MeigangaGaroua Boulai. 6°10’N 14°22’E, 2 February 1966 (st), Leeuwenberg 7694 (BAS,BR,P,WAG); Littoral: près de ƒϐ‹ȋ†‘ •ƒ„ƒȌǡ•—”ˆƒ‰Ǧƒ„ƒ••‹ͳʹƒ—†‡‘†Œ‘ȋˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ†‹‹‹±‹ȌǤͶιͷ͹ǯ ͻιͷ͸ǯǡͻ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 11175 (K,P); South Provinceǣ”™ƒŽ†‰‡„‹‡–Ǥ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡ Staudt 129 (COI,G,K,S); Urwaldgebiet. 3°14’N 10°43’E, 1896 (fr), Staudt 268 (COI,G,S); 18 km NW Bipinde, près Gouep. 3°10’N 10°17’E, 24 April 1974 (fr), Villiers, J.F. 869 (P); près de Bella, 45 km NE de Kribi. 3°15’N ͳͲιͳʹǯǡʹͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡLetouzey 4175 (P); 60 km S. of Edéa, S. of Mboké, 11 km E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi. 3°21’N 10°10’E. Alt: 100m, 22 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5509 (B,BAS,BR,C,EA,FHI,GC,K,LISC, 3 ’Ǥʹʹ͵ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’ǤʹʹͶ MO,P,PRE,SRGH,UC,WAG,YA); South-West Province: near Mbu village, 10 kms west of Wone which is on the —„ƒǦƒˆ‡”‘ƒ†ǤͷιͲ͵ǯͻιͳͺǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMambo 17 (MO,P,WAG); Mamfe town, on –Š‡‘”–Š•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡–™‘ ‡”ƒ•—•’‡•‹‘„”‹†‰‡•ǤͷιͶ͸ǯͻιʹͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹʹ’”‹Žͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡThomas, D.W. 7306 (BR,K,MO,WAG); Kumba Distr. S. Bakundu F.R. from the footpath leading to the T.S.S. Experimental ’Ž‘–ͳǤͶι͵Ͳǯͻιʹͷǯǡ͹’”‹ŽͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 30501 (FHI,K); West Province: Noun river 21 km NNE ‘ˆ‘‰ƒǤͷιͳͲǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͲͲǡͷƒ›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 2459 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA).    , Lobayeǣ‘—‘‘Ǥ͵ιͷͶǯͳ͹ιͷͷǯǡʹͲƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡTisserant (Équipe) 785ȋȌǢ‘—‘‘Ǥ͵ιͷͶǯͳ͹ιͷ͸ǯǡʹʹƒ” ŠͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡTisserant (Équipe) 799 (G); Boukoko. 3°54’N 17°55’E, 9 May 1952 (fr), Tisserant (Équipe) 2423 (P); ƒƒǦƒ„±”±: environ de Baboua, 3 km sur la piste de Besson. ͸ιͳͷǯͳͶιͷͲǯǡͳͷ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͶȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDescoings 12704 (P); —ŠƒǦ‡†±: region de Bocaranga au bord †‡Žƒ›±±‡–”‡Ž‡˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•‘—ƒ‰‡–„—ȋ—„ƒ‰—‹ǦŠƒ”‹ȌǤ͹ιʹͲǯͳͷιͶ͸ǯǡʹƒ” Šͳͻ͵͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Eckendorf 97 (BR); ƒ‰ŠƒǦ„ƒ±”±: Bayanga. 2°54’N 16°16’E. Alt: 350m, May 1987 (fr), Harris, D.J. s.n. (E,WAG).   ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Région de Kouilou, Mayombe à Goumina (près de Sounda). 4°29’S ͳͳιͶ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Dowsett-Lemaire 1315 (BR); ‹ƒ”‹ǣ ”±‰‹‘ †‡ ‹„ƒ‰‘—ǡ ƒŽ‘‰ ƒˆϐŽ—‡–• ‘ˆ ‰‘ƒ‰‘‹˜‡”Ǥ͵ιͳ͸ǯͳʹι͵͵ǯǡͳ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͷȋϐŽȌǡSita 1197 (WAG); Pool: île M’Bamou. 4°13’S 15°25’E, ͳ͵ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡSita 1831 (WAG); île M’Bamou, près de Moutou ya N’Gombé. 4°13’S 15°25’E, 3 November ͳͻ͸͹ȋϐŽȌǡSita 1917ȋ ȌǢƒ‰‘—Ǥ͵ιͷ͸ǯͳͶιʹͷǯǡʹ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡSita 2577 (BR); île M’Bamou, ‡˜‹”‘•†‡‘—–‘—›ƒ‰‘„±ǤͶιͳ͵ǯͳͷιʹͷǯǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSita 2774 (BR); Sangha: NouabléNdoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 37.38 km E-SE de Bomassa. 2°11.0’N 16°31.3’E. Alt: 377m, 15 ƒ” ŠʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡNdolo Ebika 306 (E,WAG); Nouablé-Ndoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 36.99 km Ǧ†‡‘ƒ••ƒǤʹιͳʹǤ͹ǯͳ͸ι͵ͳǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͹ͻǡ͵ͳƒ” ŠʹͲͲͺȋϐŽȌǡNdolo Ebika 314 (E,WAG).   ȋ  Ȍ, Bandundu: Lulua, 6°s. Br. 5°02’S 21°07’E, 24 November 1881 (st), Pogge 673 (US); Bas-Congoǣ ‹„‹ǡ ˜ƒŽŽ±‡ †‡ Žƒ ‘—ƒǤ ͷι͵ͳǯ ͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡ ͷ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Toussaint, L. 624 (BR,K); ‡‘’‘Ž†˜‹ŽŽ‡ȋ‹‰ƒ‰ƒȌǤͷι͵͵ǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡCompère 666 (EA,K); Gimbi, parc de la Fuka. 5°29’S 13°22’E, 2 November 1953 (fr), Wagemans 710 (EA,K,US,WAG); 6°30’S 23°55’E, 23 September 1981 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡNsimundele 923ȋȌǢ—‹Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͺ—‰—•–ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡWagemans 1618 (BR,K); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 27 December 1948 (fr), Donis 2131 (K,WAG); Equateur: Lac Tumba. 0°52’S 18°08’E, 21 September ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡThonet 253ȋȌǢ“—ƒ–‡—”˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͲͲǯͳͺιͳͶǯǡͳ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDewèvre 744 (BR); Bokuma. 0°06’S 18°41’E, 9 May 1942 (fr), Hulstaert 785 (BR); Watsi-Kengo (Boende). 0°48’S 20°33’E, 14 November ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2956 (K,WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Bachwald bei Mukenge. 6°00’S 22°20’E, 12 March ͳͺͺͳȋϐŽȌǡPogge 684 (COI); Katanga (Shaba)ǣ‹Ž‘Ž‘ǤͳͲιͶͳǯʹʹιʹͳǯǡʹ͵ —Ž›ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡYoung, R.G.N. 221 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ‹Ž‘Ž‘ǡʹͻǤͳͲιͷ͸ǯʹʹιʹͳǯǡʹ͵—‰—•–ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDuvigneaud, P.A. 2451 (BRLU); Biano Hotel. ͳͲιͳͷǯʹ͸ιͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͷʹͲǡʹ͹ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡSchmitz, A. 7802 (WAG); ‘”†Ǧ‹˜—: PNA sect. Watalinga. ͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͷͲǯǡͳͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWilde, JMHJR de 189 (BR); Rivière Lenda. 0°20’N 28°40’E, 8 June 1956 (fr), Christiaensen 1767 (K,WAG); OrientaleǣŒ—‰—Ǥͳιͷ͸ǯ͵Ͳι͵Ͳǯǡͺ—‰—•–ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSmeyers 1 ȋ ȌǢŒ—‰—Ǥǡͳιͷ͸ǯ͵Ͳι͵Ͳǯǡͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͹ȋϐŽȌǡDevillé, A. 129 (K,WAG); Lekwa-Djugu. 2°02’N 30°32’E, 2 June 1957 (fr), Froment 184 ȋǡȌǢ ‡™ƒǦŒ—‰—Ǥ ʹιͲʹǯ ͵Ͳι͵ʹǯǡ ʹ ƒ” Š ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Devillé, A. 200 (BR,K,WAG); Mont Hawa. 2°50’N 30°43’E, 13 December 1951 (fr), Smeyers 211 (WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 5 May 1982 (st), Hart, T.B. 275ȋȌǢ‡‰‡Ǥʹιʹͷǯʹ͹ιͳͺǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐŽȌǡClaessens 517 (BR,S); In ”‘ ›’Žƒ ‡ǤͳιͷͷǯʹͻιͳͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡͺ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡTerashima, H. 667 (BR); Environ Wala. ʹιͷʹǯʹ͹ι͵ͺǯǡͳͻͲ͹ȋϐŽȌǡSeret 799 (BR,K); Bas-Uele. 4°06’N 22°23’E, 16 April 1935 (st), Dewulf, A. 834 (BR); Œ—‰—Ǥͳιͷ͸ǯ͵Ͳι͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͺͲͲǡʹͷ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷͷȋϐŽȌǡChristiaensen 1116 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Ž–ǣ͹ͷͲǡ͹’”‹Žͳͻͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡHart, T.B. 1677ȋȌǢ‡™ƒǤʹιͳͲǯ͵ͲιͶͲǯǡ’”‹Žͳͻ͵ͻȋϐŽȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2346 ȋǡȌǢ‹Ž‹ȋ±Ž± –‹„‹”‹ȌǤͶιͲͻǯʹͷιͲͶǯǡƒ›ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 2827 (WAG); Djugu-Kibali. 1°56’N 30°30’E, ͹‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡLebrun 3885 (K,WAG); Sud-Kivu: Busangania. 2°21’S 28°48’E, 18 January 1939 (fr), Rossignol 178ȋȌǢ—Ž—‰—ǤʹιʹͲǯʹͺιͶ͹ǯǡʹ͵‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͷʹȋϐŽȌǡPierlot 395 (BR,K); Igande, Mwenga ȋ‹˜—ȌǤʹιͷ͹ǯʹͺιʹ͹ǯǡͳͷ —Ž›ͳͻͷͻȋϐŽȌǡLéonard, A. 5004 (WAG).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Mundung ‘Les 4 montagnes’. 1°38’N 10°11’E. Alt: 1000m, 8 January 2003 (st), Desmet, G. 241 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, à 1h30 de marche du site ECOFAC. ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳ͹ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͳͳͲǡ ͳͷ ƒ› ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Parmentier 3057 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Bata-Niefang: •–”ƒ†ƒ͵ͷǤ–”‡À‘ƒƒ‡À‘‘ƒ›žǤͳιͷͳǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5660 ȋǡ ȌǢ†‹•–”‹ –„‹‹ǡ’”°•†—˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡‡†Œ‡Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͻ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLisowski 583 (BRLU). , Estuaireǣ‡˜‹”‘†‡‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιʹ͵ǯͻιʹ͹ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡKlaine s.n. (FHO,K); brigade forestière de Ekouk ȋ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡• ’ƒ” ‡ŽŽ‡•ȌǤ ͲιͳͲǯ ͳͲιͳͷǯǡ ʹ͹ ‡’–‡„‡” ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐŽȌǡ Floret 1480 (LBV,WAG); S of Estuaire du 3.7 Materials and Methods ƒ„‘ƒŽ‘‰”‹–‹•Š ƒ•‘‹Ž‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘•‹–‡ǤͲιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡʹͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͳȋϐŽȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 15449 (MO,WAG); ƒ—–Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Bai Jobo. 2°12.53’S 13°52.45’E, 4 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 501 (MO,WAG); 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt: 441m, 17 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 896 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m, 18 ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 921 ȋǡ ȌǢ Žƒ–‡ƒ— ƒ–±±ǡ ͵͹   ‘ˆ ”ƒ ‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ ƒ• –Š‡ ”‘™ ϐŽ‹‡•Ǥ ͳι͵͹ǯͳ͵ιͷ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣ͸ͲͲǡ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͺͻȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9982 (WAG); ‘›‡Ǧ‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.78’S 10°33.57’E. Alt: 52m, 11 October 2012 (st), Bidault 771 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué; c. 100 km S ‘ˆ‹„”‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǣˆ‘”‡•–’ƒ–ŠŽ‡ƒ†‹‰–‘™Šƒ–‹•Ž‘ ƒŽŽ› ƒŽŽ‡†Dz‹––Ž‡ƒ„ƒdzǤͲι͵Ͳǯͻι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͸Ͳǡʹƒ” Š 1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 869 (LBV,MO,P,WAG); ‰‘—‹±: route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1402 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1403 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1404 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1405 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.21’S 10°38.09’E. Alt: 92m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1412 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains National Parc 20 km S of Mandji, E of Mont Igoumbi. 1°51.9’S 10°25.1’E. Alt: 90m, 18 November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2389 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); ›ƒ‰ƒ: ͳͶ  †‡ †‡†± ȋ”‘—–‡ †‡†‡Ǧ‘—‹ŽƒȌǤ ʹιͳ͸ǤͲǯ ͳͳιͳ͸ǤͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳͳ͸ǡ ʹ͹  –‘„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 590 (LBV,WAG); Tchibanga 2°50’S 11°00’E, November 1907 (st), Le Testu 1239 (BR,P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘: Lopé 2 km SW of the village, gallery forest next to a tributary of the Ogooué river. 0°06.70’S 11°36.22’E. Ž–ǣ ͳʹͷǡ ʹͺ ƒ” Š ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Koenen 13 (LBV,WAG); Lopé 2 km SW of the village. 0°06.68’S 11°36.17’E. Ž–ǣͳʹͷǡʹͺƒ” ŠʹͲͲͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡKoenen 16 (LBV,WAG); Station d’études des Gorilles et Chimpanzé. 0°10’S ͳͳι͵ͷǯǡͺ’”‹Žͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡMcDonald, K.E. 34 (E); Réserve de la Lopé, 0°07’S 11°37’E. Alt: 100m, 4 July 1986 ȋϐŽȌǡ Alers, M.P.T. 85 ȋǡ ȌǢ ‡•‡”˜‡ †‡ ‘’±Ǧƒ†ƒǤ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͳͳι͵ͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ White (series 1) 234ȋȌǢ  ȋ‘’±ȌǤͲιͳͺǯͳͳιͶͲǯǡʹ͸ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡDibata 333 (LBV,WAG); Lop鍃†ƒ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥƒ•‘ˆ‰‘‘—±‹˜‡”ǡ‘’± ‘–‡ŽǤͲιͲ͸ǤͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹʹǡʹͻ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Walters, G.M. 436 (MA,MO,WAG); Lopé-Okanda Reserve. 2.6 km E along road from Kazamabika to Offoué River. ͲιͲ͹Ǥ͵ǯͳͳιͶ͵ǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͻͲǡ͵ͳ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡWalters, G.M. 467 (MA,MO); Near Achouka, along Offoué ‹˜‡”ǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͳιͶ͸ǯǡͳͲ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 583 (WAG); Lopé-Okanda Game Reserve, between Achouka and Kongo-Boumba, ± 1 km S. of camp. 0°06’S 11°30’E. Alt: 200m, 10 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 609 (WAG); Lope. 0°06.32’S 11°35.62’E. Alt: 131m, 9 September 2012 (fr), Towns 977 (LBV,WAG); Lopé Š‘–‡ŽǤͲιͲ͸ǯͳͳι͵͸ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲʹǡͶƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 991 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du Parc de la Lopé, ƒ ‹‡‡”‘—–‡‘’±“—‹°‡‘‘—±ǤͲιͲ͹Ǥͷ͸ǯͳͳιͶ͸Ǥ͸͵ǯǤŽ–ǣʹͳͳǡ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋ•–ȌǡBissiengou 1046 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 5 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.14’S ͳͳιͶͶǤͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹͺͳǡ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1058 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lop郕•ƒƒ„‹ƒǡͷƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ••ƒƒ„‹ƒǤͲιͲ͹ǤʹʹǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳͷǯǤŽ–ǣʹ͸ͷǡ͸ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1063 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. ͲιͲ͹ǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳ͸ǡͺƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1069 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, ”‘—–‡‘’±Ǧƒ••ƒƒ„‹ƒǡ͵ƒ’”°•˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ƒ••ƒƒ„‹ƒǤͲιͲ͹ǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣ͵Ͳ͸ǡͺƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡ fr), Bissiengou 1071 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07’S 11°44’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1075 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.26’S 11°44.05’E. Alt: 290m, 8 ƒ” ŠʹͲͳͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBissiengou 1078ȋǡ ȌǢ‘’‡ǤͲιͲ͸Ǥ͵ͺǯͳͲιͲʹǤͶʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͲǡͳ͹—‰—•–ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡ fr), Towns 1116 (LBV,WAG); 9 km après l’entrée du Parc de l’Ivindo. 0°31’N 12°40’E. Alt: 560m, 14 March ʹͲͳͲȋϐŽȌǡBissiengou 1195 (LBV,WAG); Ivindo National Park, village Mbes. 0°22.0’N 12°37.1’E. Alt: 400m, 14 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1203ȋǡ ȌǢ‘’‡ǤͲιͲ͸Ǥͺ͹ǯͳͳι͵ͶǤ͹ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹʹǡ͹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽǡˆ”Ȍǡ Towns 1379ȋǡ ȌǢ‘’‡ǤͲιͲͷǤͲ͵ǯͳͳι͵͸Ǥͷ͹ǯǤŽ–ǣͳ͵Ͳǡͺ –‘„‡”ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡTowns 1381 (LBV,WAG); Département de Booué, Parc National de la Lopé, Gallery of the Mingumé. 0°07.07’S 11°35.94’E, 29 August ʹͲͳʹȋϐŽȌǡQuiroz-Villarreal 1474ȋ ȌǢ‘—ƒ‡›‘‰ǤͲι͵Ͳǯͳͳιͷͷǯǡ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽȌǡLouis, A.M. 2586 (LBV,MO,WAG); Réserve de la Lopé près du centre d’études des gorilles et chimpanzé (CEGC). 0°07’S 11°37’E, 14 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 102 (BRLU); Réserve de la Lopé près du centre d’études des gorilles et chimpanzé ȋ ȌǤͲιͲ͹ǯͳͳιͶ͹ǯǡͳͻ —Ž›ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLejoly 93/ 189 (BRLU); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: Milolé, route première zone †ǯ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ †‡ Ǥ Ͳιͳ͸ǯ ͳʹιͶʹǯǡ ͳͶ ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Bissiengou 844 (LBV,WAG); Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 846 (LBV,WAG); Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 848 3 ’Ǥʹʹͷ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥʹʹ͸ ȋǡ ȌǢ”‡‰‹‘†‡ƒ•–‘—”•˜‹ŽŽ‡ǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶʹǯǡƒ” ŠͳͻʹͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLe Testu 7125 (BM,LISC,P); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, November 1929 (st), Le Testu 7612 (BM,P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧƒ”‹–‹‡: Petit Loango ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’ƒ”Ǥ ”ƒ•‡ – ʹǤǡ ʹιʹͲǯ ͻι͵͸ǯǡ ͵ͳ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Leal, M.E. 86 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); road to ‹˜ƒ‰—‹ ͹  ˆ”‘ ‡ƒ•–‡” ƒ„‹ ”‘ƒ†Ǥ ͳιͷͶǯ ͻιͷ͸ǯǡ ʹͷ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐŽȌǡ Nek 111 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); ͳͲƒ—Ǥ†‡ƒ‰ƒ–ƒ‰ƒǤͲιʹͺǤͶͲǯͻιʹͳǤ͵ͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡʹͶƒ›ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡSosef 1701 (LBV,WAG); Rabiƒ”‡ƒǡ‹˜ƒ‰—‹ǤͳιͷͶǤͺǯͳͲιͲ͵ǤͳǯǤŽ–ǣͶͲǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2839 (LBV,WAG); Woleu–‡: concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie Nord des montagnes Mekié. 0°26.2’N 11°13.5’E. Alt: 953m, 18 July 2008 (st), Dauby 1028 (BRLU). , Ashanti Regionǣ†—ƒ‘ƒǤ͸ι͵ͺǯͲιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷ͹ǡʹͲ’”‹Žͳͻ͵͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBeveridge, J.A. 109 (FHO); Nyinahim range, around edge of meadow. 6°36’N 2°07’W. Alt: 610m, 7 June 1958 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 3383 (K); ‰‘‰‘ǡ•Šƒ–‹Ǥ͸ιͶͺǯͳιͲͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͻ͸ǡ’”‹ŽͳͻʹͺȋϐŽȌǡVigne FH 1117 (BM,FHO); Juaso. 6°35’N 1°07’W, April 1930 (fr), Vigne FH 1902 (FHO,K,US); Eastern Region: Aduamoa. 6°38’N 0°45’W, 20 April 1936 (fr), Beveridge, J.A. 4197 (K); Atewa Range Forest Reserve. 6°09’N 0°36’W. Alt: 792m, 15 May 1967 (fr), Enti 36530 (K).  , œ±”±‘”±ǣ‹„ƒǡœ‘Ǥ͹ιͶͲǯͺιͳͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͲͲǡͳͳƒ›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J-G. 27514 (BR,WAG). IVORY COAST, ǣ 6 September 1895 (fr), Jolly s.n.ȋȌǢ’”‹ŽͳͻͶͻȋϐŽȌǡBégué SF 3149 (P); Abidjan: ƒ” ƒŽƒ‡ǡƒ–±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͻ —‡ͳͻ͹ͶȋϐŽȌǡFrédoux 153 (G); c. 4 km W. of ORSTOM. 17 km W. of „‹†Œƒǡ‡ƒ”–Š‡Žƒ‰—‡‘ˆ„”‹±ǤͷιͳͺǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹͻ —‡ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 331 (K,WAG); 20 km W of ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǢ„‡–™‡‡‘”–‘—‡–ƒ† ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳ͸ǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳ —Ž›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 350 ȋ ȌǢ ”ƒ†ƒ••ƒǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳͶ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 721 (WAG); Abouabou, between Abidjan and Grand Bassam. 5°17’N 3°54’W. Alt: 2m, 8 January 1959 (fr), Leeuwenberg 2398 (FHO,WAG); Grand Bassam. 5°14’N 3°45’W, December 1949 (fr), Schnell 3952 (K,P); Centre Suisse d’Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 5 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7013 (BR); Abidjan. 5°20’N 4°02’W, (fr), Aubréville SF 1350 (P); Dabou. 5°19’N 4°23’W, June 1949 (fr), Bégué SF 3046ȋȌǢ‘”–‘—‡–Ǥͷιͳͷǯ͵ιͷͷǯǡƒ›ͳͻͶͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBégué SF 3150 (P); ƒƒ±ǣ‘–‹„ƒǤǡ͹ι͵͹ǯͺιʹͷǯǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡAubréville SF 1140 (BR); Tabou: Boubele. 4°29’N 7°15’W, ͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽȌǡBamps 2446 (BR); Toumodi: Mt. Oroumbo Bocca 25 km SE of Toumodi. 6°23’N 4°54’W. Ž–ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 47 (K,MO,P,WAG); Oroumba Boka. 6°22’N 4°54’W, 3 October 1956 ȋϐŽȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 643 (WAG); Oroumbo. 6°23’N 4°53’W, 20 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4838 (P). LIBERIA, ǣ ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Cook-Carter 127 (US); Grand Bassa: Grand Bassa. 5°53’N 10°03’W, July 1841 (fr), Vogel, J.R.T. 53ȋǡȌǢ ‹•Š–‘™Ǥͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲǡͳʹ’”‹Žͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDinklage 1638 (B,W); ‹„ƒǣ ƒ–ƒǤ͹ιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡͳͻ’”‹ŽͳͻͶ͸ȋϐŽȌǡHarley, W.J. 1398 (K); Jéképa. Mt Nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W, 25 ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J-G. 25129ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ”ƒ••ϐ‹‡Ž†͹ιʹͻǯͺι͵Ͷǯǡͳ͸ƒ›ͳͻ͹Ͳȋˆ”ȌǡAdam, J-G. 25520 (C,K); Nimba. 7°32’N 8°32’W. Alt: 1100m, 19 May 1970 (fr), Adam, J-G. 25561 (K); crêtre plateau. 7°32’N ͺι͵ʹǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͲͲǡ͵Ͳƒ›ͳͻ͹ͲȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡAdam, J-G. 25700 (C,K,P); 7°35’N 8°32’W, 20 May 1973 (fr), Adam, J-G. 27640 (K,P,UPS); Sinoǣ‹‘‡„ƒ•‹ǤͷιͳͲǯͻιͲʹǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐŽȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K).   , Akwa-Ibom Stateǣ‡–†‹•–”‹ –ǡ‘—–Š‡”ǤͶι͵ͻǯ͹ιͷ͸ǯǡȋϐŽȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n. (BM); Cross River StateǣͶιͷ͹ǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺ͸ʹȋϐŽȌǡThomson, W.C. 96ȋȌǢƒŽƒ„ƒ”ǤͶιͷͻǯͺιͳͻǯǡʹͺƒ›ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡJohn, D. 389 ȋȌǢ‘™‡”›‘‰ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ͵͵‘ˆ›‘ǤͷιʹͲǯ͹ιͷͲǯǡͺ’”‹Žͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1234 ȋ ȌǢ„ƒ ”‘—’ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡•–Ž‘ Ǥ‘ˆ’‹ŽŽƒ”ͳ͵ͻǤͷιͳ͵ǯͺιʹʹǯǡͺƒ›ͳͻ͹ͳȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1530 (WAG); 3 km E of Obudu Cattle Ranch (Obudu), along trail to River Gafunde. 6°40’N 9°06’E, 24 April ͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡPilz 1976ȋǡǡ ȌǢ‘”–Š‡””ƒ‰‡•ǡ„—†—ƒ ŠǡǤǤ–ƒ–‡Ǥ͸ιͶͲǯͻιͲͻǯǡ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͹͵ȋϐŽȌǡ Lock GC 43567 (K); Lagos State: near Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, December 1979 (fr), Sharland 991 (K). 2Ƭ  , Principe Island: NW of Island, Cocoa and coffee plantation Sundy. 1°40’N 7°23’E. Ž–ǣͷͲǡʹͳ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͹ͺȋϐŽȌǡGroenendijk, E.M.C. 123 (BR,MO,WAG); Pico Yola. 1°38’N 7°22’E. Alt: 250m, 11 December 1998 (fr), Oliveira (Faustino), F. de 216 (BRLU); Pico A Mesa 2 km S of plantation Maria Correia. ͳι͵ͷǯ ͹ιʹͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͶͲͲǡ ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Wilde (WALG) de 412 (BR,FHO,FR,MO,STOME,TI,WAG); ؓ—‡ǡ‹’‹Ǥͳι͵͸ǯ͹ιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͲͷǡͳͲ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡExell 543ȋǡ ȌǢȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡExell 545 (BM,COI); (fr), Exell 549ȋȌǢ—†‹ǤͳιͶͲǯ͹ιʹ͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͶͷͲǡͳ͹‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 609 (BM,COI); Summit of ‹ ‘ƒ’ƒ‰ƒ‹‘Ǥͳι͵͹ǯ͹ιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣ͸͹ͳǡʹͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 706 (BM,COI); entre St Miguel et Pico ƒ‰ƒ‹ƒǤͲιͳͲǯ͸ι͵ͳǯǡ͵’”‹ŽͳͻͻͶȋϐŽȌǡMatos de 7246 (BRLU); Da somidade do Morro ao longo do percurso ƒ–±‘”‹ƒ Š‘Ǥͳι͵ͺǯ͹ιʹ͵ǯǡͻ‡ ‡„‡”ͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 182 (BRLU); ƒ‘‘± •Žƒ†: ƒ› ͳͺͺͷ ȋϐŽȌǡ Moller, A.F. 3 (COI); Chemin de Lagoa Amélia. 0°17’N 6°37’E, 16 July 1999 (fr), Joffroy, G. 6 ȋ ȌǢƒŠ‘±ǡ”‘­ƒ‡†”‘ƒǤͲιͳʹǯ͸ι͵ͻǯǡͳͺͻͻȋϐŽȌǡMocquerys 48 (G); S. Vicente. 0°12’N 6°39’E. Alt: 200m, 10 January 1949 (fr), Espirito Santo 108ȋǡ ȌǢƒŠ—Ž•–ȋƒ ƒ„”ƒ”žȌǤͲιͳ͸ǯ͸ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡ ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 147 (BM); descente Rio Lemba avant Agua Cabumbé. 0°12’N 6°33’E. Alt: 240m, 3 3.7 Materials and Methods ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOgonovszky 173ȋȌǢ ‘ƒ•–Ǥ„‡–™‡‡‘–‡ž”‹‘ƒ†‘”–‘Ž‡‰”‡ǤͲιͲͶǯ͸ι͵ʹǯǤ Ž–ǣʹͷǡʹ͵ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺͲȋϐŽȌǡWilde (WALG)250 (BR,FR,HUJ,MO,STOME,TI,WAG); Base Pico Maria Fernandes. ͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯ͸ι͵ͺǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶ͸Ͳǡʹ͹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOgonovszky 304 (BRLU); between Vanhulst and S. Nicolau. Ͳιͳ͸ǯ͸ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸͸ǡͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 308 (BM,COI); Bemposta. 0°19’N 6°38’E. Alt: 600m, —‡ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡMoller, A.F. 359ȋ ȌǢ‹ ‘ƒ„—„±ǤͲιͳʹǯ͸ι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣ͵ͺͲǡͳͳƒ” ŠʹͲͲ͵ȋϐŽȌǡOgonovszky 378ȋȌǢƒŠ—Ž•–ȋƒ ƒ„”ƒ”žȌǤͲιͳ͸ǯ͸ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡʹʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 422 (BM,COI); ƒŠ—Ž•–ȋƒ ƒ„”ƒ”žȌǤͲιͳ͸ǯ͸ι͵ͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡExell 453 (BM,COI); Pico Maria ‡”ƒ†‡•ǤͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯ͸ι͵ͺǤͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲǡͳͺƒ” ŠͳͻͻͺȋϐŽȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 510 (BRLU); Alt: 1250m, —‡ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡMoller, A.F. 538ȋ ȌǢƒ–‡Ǧ’žǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡ —‡ͳͺͺͷȋϐŽȌǡMoller, A.F. 618 (BM,COI); Baté-pa. Ͳιͳͺǯ͸ιͶͲǯǤŽ–ǣͷͲͲǡȋϐŽȌǡExell 618 (BM); entre Pico de Sao Tomé Castro, 6 km au Sud de Ponta Figo. Ͳιͳ͹ǯ͸ι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͺͲͲǡͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͻͷȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLejoly 95/ 20 (LISC).  , Casamanceǣ±‰‹‘†ǯ—••‘—›‡ǣ‹ƒ–Š‡‡Ǥͳʹιʹͻǯͳ͸ι͵͹ǯǡͳ—‰—•–ͳͻ͸͵ȋϐŽȌǡBerhaut 6232 (BR); Ziguinchor: Parc National de la Basse Casamance. 12°24’N 16°36’W, 11 August 1982 (fr), Vanden Berghen 5464 (BR).  , ǣȋϐŽȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); (fr), Pelly 409 (FHO); Eastern Province: Kambui F.R. ƒŒ‹˜ƒŽŽ‡›Ǥ͹ιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡʹͷƒ›ͳͻͷͳȋϐŽȌǡSmall, D. 56 (K); Southern Province: Alt: 400m, March 1923 ȋϐŽȌǡDawe 443ȋȌǢ‘‹ǡ‘–Š‡ •Žƒ†Ǥ͹ι͵ʹǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͻƒ” Šͳͻ͵ʹȋϐŽȌǡDeighton 2473 (K).  , Kagera: Lake province. Itara Minziro forest Reserve, Bukoba. 1°00’S 31°50’E. Alt: 1158m, 9 ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Benedicto 33 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ™‹‰ƒ•Šƒœ‹ǡ ‹Šƒ›ƒǤ ͳιͷͷǯ ͵ͳιͲͲǯǡ ȋϐŽȌǡ Pitt-Schenkel 265 (FHO); Kaigi. 1°23’S 31°49’E, May 1935 (fr), Gillman 275 (EA,K); Rwasima. 1°20’S 31°42’E. Alt: 1219m, December 1925 (fr), Wigg, L.T. 317 (K); Kaigi. 1°23’S 31°49’E, 30 September 1935 (fr), Gillman 351 (EA,K); —„ƒ”‡ ‘”‡•– ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͳιʹ͵ǯ ͵ͳιͶͻǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͳʹͳͻǡ  –‘„‡” ͳͻͷ͹ ȋϐŽȌǡ Procter 711 (EA,K); Bukoba Prov. ™‹‰ƒ•ŠƒŒ‹ȋ—œ‹„ƒȌǤ—„ƒ”‡”‡•‡”˜‡Ǥͳιͷͷǯ͵ͳιͲͲǯǡʹ͹—‰—•–ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐŽȌǡWigg, L.T. 718 (FHO,K); Rubare ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǡƒ‡”‘˜‹ ‡Ǥͳιʹ͵ǯ͵ͳιͶͻǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͳͻǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͷͺȋϐŽȌǡProcter 834 (EA,K); Rubare Forest Reserve. 1°23’S 31°49’E. Alt: 1219m, November 1958 (fr), Procter 1057 (EA,K); near Bukoba. 1°23’S 31°49’E. Alt: 1189m, August 1931 (fr), Haarer 2131 (EA,G,K); 15 km from Bukoba, along the road to the N. ͳιͳʹǯ͵ͳιͷͲǯǤŽ–ǣͳʹͶͲǡ͵Ͳ –‘„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 11623 (BR,MO,S,WAG); Katoma 10 km W of Bukoba. ͳιͳͺǯ͵ͳιͶͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͶͲǡ͵‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡBreteler 11714 (BR,MO,PR,S,WAG).  , Bugandaǣ‘Ž‡ •Žƒ†ǤͲιʹͷǯ͵ʹιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳ͵Ͷǡʹͳ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͷ͸ȋϐŽȌǡDawkins 855 (BM,FHO,K); ƒ•ƒƒ†‹•–”‹ –ǤƒŽƒ„‹‰ƒ„‘ˆ‘”‡•–ǡͶ‹Ž‡•‘ˆƒ–‡”ƒǤͲιͷͲǯ͵ͲιͲ͸ǯǡʹ –‘„‡”ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐŽȌǡDrummond, R.B. 4544ȋǡǡǡǡȌǢͳͳͷͺͲιͲͺǯ͵ʹιʹͶǯǤŽ–ǣͳͳͷͺǡ —‡ͳͻͶͺȋϐŽȌǡMaitland, T.D. Uganda 796 (K); Southern Provinceǣ ƒŽ‹œ— ˆ‘”‡•–Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͵ͲιͲͲǯǡ —‡ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Jasi, R.A. 51 (K); Western Province: ™‹†‹ˆ‘”‡•–ǤͲιͷͻǯʹͻιͶͳǯǡͳͷƒ›ͳͻͻʹȋϐŽȌǡCunningham, A.B. 3096 (K). ZAMBIA, Luapula: Mukabi, Kawambwa. 9°48’S 29°08’E, 6 December 1961 (fr), Lawton 807 (FHO). Key literature:ƒ’•Ƭ ƒ””‘ȋͳͻ͸͹Ȍǡš‡ŽŽƬ‡†‘­ƒȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ ƒ””‘ (1963, 1965, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hooker & Bentham (1849), Johnston & Stapf (1906), Robson (1963). Campylospermum warneckei (Gilg ex Engl.) Biss. Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea warneckei ‹Ž‰‡š‰ŽǤǡ‡‰Ǥ†‡””†‡ͻǡ‹‡ϐŽƒœ‡™Ǥ Afr. 3, 2: 490 (1921). – Type: Warnecke 468 (holotype: B, probably destroyed; isotype: BM!, E!, EA!, K!, Z!), Tanzania, Amani, 1907. Tree to treelet, rarely scandent shrub, —’–‘ͳͷ–ƒŽŽ, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 2–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, ȋͻȂȌͳͳȂʹͷ š ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ͸ , ratio ʹǤͻȂͷǤ͹, base attenuate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, often with a sharp or mucronate tip, papyraceous to coriaceous, not bullate, dark green above, medium green below, dull on both sides, margin serrulate but entire towards the base; venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 8–21 on either side, 7–15 mm apart, prominent above, slightly 3 ’Ǥʹʹ͹ 3.7 Materials and Methods 3 ’Ǥʹʹͺ prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel with the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals, less distinct, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, with a pattern of very closely spaced cross-veinlets also predominently perpendicular to the midrib, distinct above, less distinct beneath. ϔŽ‘”‡• ‡ ‡ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, lax, its main axis (3–)11–19 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; racemes 2–6, 3–13 cm long, horizontal or slightly erecto-patent, thin but woodyǢ ›—Ž‡•ͲǤͷȂͳ ƒ’ƒ”–ǡͳȂ͹ǦϐŽ‘™‡”‡†Ǣ„”ƒ –•–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ”ǡ ǤͳŽ‘‰Ǥ Flower: pedicel 8–15 mm long, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base; sepals ovate, 5–8 šʹȂ͵‹ϐŽ‘™‡”ǡ͸Ȃͺš͵ȂͶ‹ˆ”—‹–ǡ„ƒ•‡”‘—†‡†ǡƒ’‡šƒ —–‡Ǣ’‡–ƒŽ•‘„‘˜ƒ–‡ǡ 5–13 x 5–8 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style 4–5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged to 5 x 4 mm in fruit; drupelets 1 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to subglobose, 7–8 x 5–6; cotyledons incumbent, cotyledons more or less similar in size. Notes: We do not agree sinking this species into C. reticulatum, as suggested by Farron (1965) and Verdcourt (2005). C. warneckei has a typical scalariform tertiary venation, easily distinguished from the reticulate venation in the latter. Moreover, the cotyledons of C. reticulatum ƒ”‡†‹•–‹ –Ž›—‡“—ƒŽ ‹•‹œ‡ǡ™‹–Šƒ— Š•ƒŽŽ‡”‘—–‡” ‘–›Ž‡†‘ǡ while those of C. warneckei are always more or less similar in size. This, in combination ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘Ǧ‘˜‡”Žƒ’’‹‰ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –™‘ –ƒšƒǡ ‰‹˜‡• •—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡– ‰”‘—† –‘ recognize the taxon as distinct at species level. C. warneckei is also close to C. lunzuense which differs in having spinulose-serrate leaves and pedicels generally articulating much further from the base. Finally, Gilg (1921) does not refer to a specimen to serve as the obvious type of his name, but the text on the label of Warnecke 468 matches the data given in the protologue, making it clear that it should be regarded as the type. Distribution: southernmost Kenya and Tanzania (Map ͵Ͳ). Ecology: primary and secondary rain forest, moist submontane rain forest; at 250–1100 m altitude. Phenologyǣ ϐŽ‘™‡”‹‰ ƒ† ˆ”—‹–‹‰ ˆ”‘ ƒ—ƒ”› –‘ ƒ› ƒ† ˆ”‘ ‡’–‡„‡” –‘ December. Uses: Food plant of Hypolycaena buxtoniȋƒ„—––‡”ϐŽ›Ǣ†ƒ–ƒˆ”‘Congdon 569) IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳ͵ʹǡ͸ͺͳ2ǡα͵ͻǡʹͳͻ2ǡŽ‘ ƒ–‹‘•αʹͳȋ ‡ŽŽ ™‹†–Šα͸͸ȌǤŠ‹••’‡ ‹‡•‹•”‡’”‡•‡–‡†‹Š‡”„ƒ”‹ƒ„›ƒˆƒ‹”ƒ‘—–‘ˆ•’‡ ‹‡•ǡ suggesting it is not rare. It has numerous recent collections occurring in Forest Reserves such as Kwamkoro, Luhega, Magombera, Nkungwe, Udzungwa Scarp all in Tanzania, and Mwele and Shimba Hills in Kenya. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate. Specimens examined: 3.7 Materials and Methods , CoastǣŠ‹„ƒ ‹ŽŽ•ǡ‘‰‘™ƒ‰ƒ†‹ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣͶʹ͸ǡͳͲ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻ͸ͺȋϐŽȌǡMagogo 53 ȋǡȌǢŠ‹„ƒ ‹ŽŽ•ǡ™‡Ž‡ ‘”‡•–ǤͶιͳ͸ǯ͵ͻιʹʹǯǡͳͺ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡLuke 229 (EA); Shimba Hills, ‘‰‘™ƒ‰ƒ†‹ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤŽ–ǣ͵͸ͷǡͳ͸’”‹Žͳͻ͸ͻȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡMagogo 898 (EA,K); Shimba Hills, Mwele ‘”‡•–Ǥ Ͷιͳ͸ǯ ͵ͻιʹͳǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ ƒ› ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐŽȌǡ Luke 1845 (EA,K); Longomagandi. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 390m, 18 March 1991 (st), Luke 2736 (EA,K,MO); Shimba hills N.R. Mwele F.R. 4°15’S 39°22’E. Alt: 350m, 10  –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͳȋϐŽȌǡRobertson, S.A. 7392 (K).  , Iringa: Luhega Forest Reserve, Iringa District, T7. 8°21’S 35°58’E. Alt: 800m, 24 February 1997 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡHorlyck TZ 388 (C); Udzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve. 8°23’S 35°58’E. Alt: 1100m, 15 December 1997 ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡFrimodt-Møller TZ 545 (C,K); Lindi: Mchinjiri. face of Rondo escarpment. 10°12’S 39°15’E. Alt: 701m, ‡ ‡„‡” ͳͻͷͳ ȋϐŽȌǡ Eggeling 6425 (EA,FHO,K); Morogoro: Udzungwa Mountains, sanje. 7°46’S 36°54’E. Ž–ǣͻͳͲǡʹ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐŽȌǡLovett, J.C. 214 (K); Mkungwe, slopes NW of the ridge. 6°53’S 37°55’E, 25 January 2001 (fr), Jannerup 276 (K); Udzungwa Mountains National Park, above sanje. 8°15’S 35°50’E. Alt: ͹ͲͲǡʹʹ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡCongdon, T.C.E. 569 (K); Manyangu forest reserve. 6°09’S 37°35’E, 18 September ͳͻ͸ͲȋϐŽȌǡPaulo, S. 796 (BR,EA,K); Manyangu forests, Nguru mountains, Turiani. 6°07’S 37°34’E, April 1953 ȋϐŽȌǡ Semsei 1165 ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ͸Ǧ ƒ‰‘„‡”ƒ ‘”‡•– ‡•‡”˜‡Ǥ ͹ιͶͺǯ ͵͹ιͲͲǯǤ Ž–ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ͻ ‡„”—ƒ”› ͳͻ͹͹ȋϐŽȌǡ Vollesen MRC 4458ȋǡ ȌǢ—‰™‡ˆ‘”‡•–”‡•‡”˜‡ǡ ”‡‰‹‘͸Ǥ͸ιͷ͵ǯ͵͹ιͷͷǯǡͺ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͲȋϐŽȌǡ Mhoro UMBCP 318 (C,MO); Tanga: Sangarawe, Kwamkoro. 5°08’S 38°37’E, 7 March 1906 (fr), Zimmermann, N. 1101ȋȌǢ™ƒ‘”‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRuffo 1997 (C,K,WAG); ™ƒ‘”‘ ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRuffo 2014 (C,K); Kidada (Kishamb), Uberi. ͷιͲ͹ǯ͵ͺι͵͵ǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲ͸͹ǡͳ͸ ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐŽȌǡGreenway 3326 (EA,FHO,K); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro ‘”‡•–‡•‡”˜‡ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣͻͶͲǡͳͺ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡRuffo 86825 (K,UPS); Amani-Sigi Forest Reserve at the Sigi headwaters S. of Amani near Kwamkoro sawmills. 5°06’S 38°38’E. Alt: 1000m, 19 February ͳͻͺʹȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡBorhidi 82/ 25 (UPS); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro Forest Reserve S.E of Kwamkoro Tea Estate. ͷιͲͺǯ͵ͺι͵ͻǯǤŽ–ǣͻͺͲǡʹͺ –‘„‡”ͳͻͺ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBorhidi 86/ 226 (K,UPS); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro F.R. ͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǤŽ–ǣͳͲͲͲǡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳͻͺ͹ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡPócs, T. 87/ 32 (UPS); East Usambara. Kwankoro Forest ‡•‡”˜‡ǡ ‡ƒ” –Š‡ ™ƒ‘”‘ ƒ™‹ŽŽǤ ͷιͳͲǯ ͵ͺι͵͸ǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͷ ƒ› ͳͻͺ͹ ȋϐŽǡ ˆ”Ȍǡ Iversen, S.T. 87/ 213 ȋǡȌǢƒ‹ǤͷιͲ͸ǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡ‡’–‡„‡”ͳͻͲ͵ȋϐŽǡˆ”ȌǡWarnecke Amani 468 (BM,E,EA,FHO,WAG,Z); Monga. 5°06’S 38°37’E, 28 December 1916 (fr), Zimmermann g 6667 (EA); Monga. 5°06’S 38°37’E, 8 December 1916 ȋϐŽȌǡZimmermann g 6668ȋȌǢ‘‰ƒǤͷιͲ͸ǯ͵ͺι͵͹ǯǡʹͶ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳ͸ȋϐŽȌǡZimmermann g 6669 (EA); ƒ‰ƒ”ƒ™‡ǡ™ƒ‘”‘ǤͷιͲͺǯ͵ͺι͵͹ǯǡͻ‘˜‡„‡”ͳͻͳ͸ȋϐŽȌǡZimmermann g 6670 (EA). Key literature: Farron (1965), Verdcourt (2005). Campylospermum spec. The following specimens could be assigned to the genus Campylospermum, but were generally too scanty to identify them down to the species level. For the sake of completeness, these are cited below: , East Province: 34 km à l’WNW de Mopwo (village situé au km 22 de la route Yokadoumaƒ–‘—”‹Ȍˆ‡—‹ŽŽ‡ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ‡†‘—Ǥ͵ιͶͺǯͳͶιͷ͵ǯǡ͸ —‡ͳͻ͸͵ȋˆ”ȌǡLetouzey 5245 (K,P).   ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Alima-Likouala, route Kellé-Obeli. 0°13’S, 14°20’E, 13 December 1970 (st), Sita 2976 (WAG).    , Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.1’N 10°04.7’E, 12 February 2002 (st), Senterre 2303 (BRLU). , Estuaireǣˆ‘ƒǡͺͷ‹ǤǤ‘ˆ ƒ„‘‘ǤͲιʹͶǯͳͲιͳͺǯǡ –‘„‡”ͳͺͻ͸ȋϐŽȌǡBates, G.L. 541 (BM); Moyen‰‘‘—±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.68’S, 10°33.65’E. Alt: 33m, 11 October 2012 (fr), Bidault. 753 (LBV,MO); ‰‘—‹±: vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.85’S, 11°55.70’E. Alt: 356m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1389 (LBV,WAG); Agouma. 1°36’S, 10°10’E, December 1925 (st), Le Testu 5832 (BR,P); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ ˜‹†‘ǣ ͲιͳͲǯǡ ͳͳι͵ͷǯǡ ʹ͹  –‘„‡” ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐŽȌǡ McDonald, K.E. 11 (E); Lopé ‡•‡”˜‡ǡ‡ƒ”–Š‡„ƒ•‡Ǧ ƒ’ˆ‘”Š‹’ƒœ‡ƒ† ‘”‹ŽŽƒ”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǤͲιͳͲǯǡͳͳι͵ͷǯǡʹƒ›ͳͻͺͺȋϐŽȌǡJongkind 714 (BR,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, 35½ km sur la route Lopé-Kassamabika. 0°07.38’S, 11°40.73’E. Alt: 204m, 5 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1038 (LBV,WAG); route Makokou-Mekambo. 0°45’N 13°14’E. Alt: 619m, 13 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1180 (LBV,WAG); ‰‘‘—±Ǧ‘Ž‘: 10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway ”‹†‰‡ǡ Ǧ ”‘ƒ†ǡ Šƒ–‹‡” Ǥ ͲιͶ͹ǯǡ ͳʹιͶͷǯǤ Ž–ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͺ ‘˜‡„‡” ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐŽȌǡ Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5594 (LBV,WAG). 3 ’Ǥʹʹͻ References References Aké Assi L, Gautier L. 2000. Deux combinaisons nouvelles dans les genres Ouratea Aubl. (Ochnaceae) et SynsepalumȋǤǤȌƒ‹‡ŽŽȋƒ’‘–ƒ ‡ƒ‡Ȍ†‡ŽƒϐŽ‘”‡ƒˆ”‹ ƒ‹‡Ǥƒ†‘ŽŽ‡ƒ 55: 281–282. ‘‡‰‹‘—ǡ˜ƒ†‡”—”‰ ǡ†Œƒ‹†Œ°ǡƒ†‡”ƒ‡•‡ ǤʹͲͲ͸Ǥ Ž‘”‡ƒƒŽ›–‹“—‡†—±‹Ǥƒ‰‡‹‰‡ǣ Backhuys. 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