A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION A quarter-century of deep-sea malacological exploration in the South and West Pacific: Where do we stand? How far to go? Philippe BOUCHET, Virginie HÉROS, Pierre LOZOUET & Philippe MAESTRATI Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Sytématique & Évolution CP 51 - 55, Rue Buffon F-75 005 Paris pbouchet@mnhn.fr ABSTRACT The Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, formerly ORSTOM) and Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN) launched in the early 1980s a suite of oceanographic expeditions to sample the deep-water benthos of the tropical South and West Pacific, with emphasis on the 100-1,500 m bathymetric zone. This paper reviews the development of this programme to date. It describes the procedures involved in curating the material collected and the involvement of an international network of taxonomic experts to identify, describe and name the molluscan fauna. So far, 1,028 species of molluscs have been recorded from the New Caledonia Exclusive Economic Zone from depths below 100 m, and 601 of these (58.4%) were new species. An additional 142 new species have been described from other South Pacific island groups (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Tonga, Marquesas Islands and Austral Islands). However, the hyper-diverse families have essentially remained untouched. Regional differences among island groups are high, and New Caledonia, which has been sampled best, shows several discrete areas of micro-endemism. We speculate that the deep-sea mollusc fauna of New Caledonia may amount to 15-20,000 species, and the corresponding number for the whole South Pacific may be in the order of 20-30,000 species. RÉSUMÉ Vingt-cinq ans d’exploration des faunes malacologiques de profondeur dans le Pacifique Sud et Ouest : où en sommes nous ? où allons nous ? L’Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, antérieurement ORSTOM) et le Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN) ont lancé au début des années 1980 une série de campagnes océanographiques pour échantillonner le benthos profond des régions tropicales du Pacifique Sud et Ouest, en particulier dans la tranche bathymétrique 100-1500 m. Ce chapitre met en BOUCHET P., HEROS V., LOZOUET P. & MAESTRATI P. 2008 — A quarter-century of deep-sea malacological exploration in the South and West Pacific: Where do we stand? How far to go?, in HÉROS V., COWIE R. H. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 25. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 196: 9-40. Paris ISBN: 978-2-85653-614-8. 9 10 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI perspective les développements du programme ; il décrit la chaine de traitement des échantillons récoltés, et sa mise en valeur par un réseau international de taxonomistes. À ce jour, 1028 espèces de mollusques, dont 601 espèces nouvelles (58,4 %), ont été recensées à plus de 100 mètres de profondeur dans la Zone Economique Exclusive de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, et 142 espèces nouvelles additionnelles ont été décrites des autres archipels (Iles Salomon, Vanuatu, Fidji, Wallis et Futuna, Tonga, Marquises, et Iles Australes). Les familles hyper-diverses n’ont pas encore été touchées. Les différences entre les archipels sont élevées, et il est possible de reconnaitre plusieurs aires de micro-endémisme au sein même de la région néo-calédonienne, la mieux échantillonnée. Nous spéculons que la faune malacologique de profondeur de la Nouvelle-Calédonie atteint peut-être 15 à 20.000 espèces, le nombre correspondant pour l’ensemble du Pacifique Sud se situant autour de 20 à 30.000 espèces. INTRODUCTION Many marine zoologists look back with nostalgia to the landmark expeditions of the Challenger, Albatross and Siboga, as pioneering events of a bygone epoch that cannot be re-enacted. However, since the early 1980s, we have been privileged to undertake scientific explorations of such a magnitude and intensity that can only be compared to the famous “historical expeditions”. The deep benthos of the tropical seas represents one of the major frontiers for the discovery of marine biodiversity, and our exploration confirms the Indo-Pacific as a major reservoir of unknown forms of life in all taxonomic groups. However, unlike most other tropical biological communities, the deep-sea benthos of this area has been generally neglected by zoologists and oceanographers. The core aim of our Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme has therefore been to fill this gap. The publication of the present volume takes place some 30 years after the first MUORSTOM expedition. The purpose of this introductory chapter is to place our explorations in perspective (Fig. 1 and Appendix 1) and present an overview of the results as they pertain to molluscs. TROPICAL DEEP-SEA BENTHOS Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos is not a formal programme with, for instance, a board of directors, a stream of specific grants, and/or formal membership. Instead, we use it as an umbrella to describe a loose association of individuals, partnerships and expeditions, the goals of which are pursued by a three-tiered organization: 1. A small core group of experienced scientists and seamen mounts the expeditions and conducts the field work, using conventional (research) or unconventional (fishing) vessels, and low-tech approaches – dredging and trawling. We rely extensively on R/V Alis, a Nouméa-based, 27 meters long scientific trawler, owned by the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), that is equipped with a multi-beam echosounder and that has excellent maneuverability as well as skilled personnel to work on uncharted and difficult slopes. 2. The collections made are sorted to the appropriate levels: phylum (e.g., Brachiopoda, Porifera, Bryozoa), class (e.g., Hydrozoa, Tunicata, Asterida), order (e.g., Tanaidacea, Antipatharia) or family (in the case of fishes, molluscs and decapod crustaceans). They are then distributed for study to an international network of systematists. More than 200 scientists from all over the world have been involved in the taxonomic description of species collected by the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme, some as visiting curators to MNHN. 3. The research results, in short articles or monographic revisions, are published in a series formerly called Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, and now Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, like the programme itself. In addition to the now 25 volumes issued in this series, numerous other scientific papers are published in regular taxonomic journals. Altogether, over 2,000 new species have been discovered, described and named based on the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme. A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION 180 ° 11 Tropic of Cancer 10 9 Equator 8 6 2 3 4 1 5 Tropic of Capricorn 7 FIG. 1. Location of cruises in the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme and satellite cruises. 1, New Caledonia; 2, Vanuatu; 3, Wallis and Futuna; 4, Fiji; 5, Tonga; 6, Marquesas Islands ; 7, Austral Islands; 8, Solomon Islands; 9, Banda Sea, Indonesia; 10, Philippines; 11, Taiwan. THE EXPEDITIONS THE PHILIPPINES FORERUNNERS Among the zoological samples collected in the Philippines by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries research vessel Albatross in 1907-1910 and stored at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, was a bizarre mud lobster recognized in 1974 by French zoologists Jacques Forest and Michèle de Saint-Laurent as a representative of the group Glyphaeoida, presumed to be extinct since Jurassic times. The discovery of this “living fossil”, Neoglyphea inopinata Forest & de Saint Laurent, 1975, in a Smithsonian Institution jar, 63 years after its capture off Lubang Island in the Philippines, attracted considerable attention. At the time Alain Crosnier was head of oceanography at the French Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d’Outre-Mer (ORSTOM); he was himself a dedicated crustacean taxonomist and fishery biologist, and was in a position to deploy that institution’s research vessel. In 1976, ORSTOM sent its research trawler Vauban from France to Nouméa, and it was decided that en route it would make a loop via the Philippines to try and collect more specimens of Neoglyphea inopinata. The expedition, named MUSORSTOM after MUSéum and ORSTOM, succeeded in collecting Neoglyphea inopinata in 180-200 m at exactly the same spot where the Albatross had found it (Forest 1981; see Appendix 1), but it also brought to light a wealth of specimens in every zoological group. This was the beginning of the MUSORSTOM programme, which resulted in a volume of scientific results, including the first mollusc paper (Poutiers 1981; see Appendix 4). Two more expeditions (MUSORSTOM 2 and 3) took place in the Philippines in 1980 and 1985 on board R/V Coriolis, but soon after that the focus shifted to New Caledonia and the South Pacific. 11 12 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI NEW CALEDONIA REVEALED Although the coral reefs of New Caledonia had attracted the attention of French zoologists since the mid 19th century, and despite ORSTOM establishing a branch in Nouméa as early as 1946, the deep sea around the island essentially remained terra incognita. At the end of the 1970s this was to change with Prof. Claude Lévi and R/V Vauban. Claude Lévi had been an MNHN professor since 1966; he had an interest in the biology and systematics of sponges; and was invited by ORSTOM to spend a year in Nouméa to oversee the start-up of its programme on molecules of biomedical importance derived from marine organisms. Incidentally, it was also Claude Lévi who hired the first author at the Muséum in 1974; Lévi and Crosnier together made it possible for Bouchet to do his military service as an ORSTOM marine biologist in Nouméa in 1978-1979. R/V Vauban, which had arrived from France a couple of years before, was used by us to do some test deep-sea trawling and dredging down to about 400 m. Although the facilities and our ability to sort the catch were rudimentary, this was enough to open a window on the New Caledonian deep-sea fauna, and the first descriptions of new molluscs followed (e.g., Lyria kuniene Bouchet, 1979, Perotrochus caledonicus Bouchet & Métivier, 1982, Volutomitra vaubani Cernohorsky 1982). However, nothing else happened until the mid 1980s, when Bertrand Richer de Forges was hired by ORSTOM and in 1984 was sent to New Caledonia to develop the programme “Lagon”, to map the biological communities of the coral reef lagoon. Simultaneously, IFREMER – the French national oceanographic agency — responded to a growing pressure from all sectors of marine sciences by sending R/V Jean-Charcot to the South Pacific. This made possible the BIOCAL expedition (after BIOlogie CALédonie). With MUSORSTOM 4 on board R/V Vauban taking place the same year, 1985 was the year that thus truly launched deep-sea exploration around New Caledonia on a grander scale. Exploration cruises continued in 1986 (MUSORSTOM 5 on board R/V Coriolis in the Coral Sea), 1987 (BIOGEOCAL on board R/V Coriolis in the Loyalty Basin), 1989 (MUSORSTOM 6 on board R/V Alis on the Loyalty Ridge; CALSUB on board R/V Suroit and submersible Cyana) and 1993-94 (BATHUS 1-4 on board R/V Alis around New Caledonia proper, and the Norfolk and Loyalty Ridges). These were truly pioneering years, when cruises discovered not only new species of animals but also new topographic features: the Antigonia, Stylaster and Eponge banks, for instance, now featured on Navy charts of the Norfolk Ridge, were discovered and named by the MUSORSTOM expeditions as a by-product of biological exploration. EXPANDING TO THE SOUTH PACIFIC By 1990, New Caledonia was no longer terra incognita, but the rest of the South Pacific deep sea still essentially remained so. True, the Challenger had collected at a handful of stations in Fiji back in 1874, and the Russians had discovered and explored the Vitiaz Trench east of Tonga. However, to a large extent, the slopes of the island groups of the South Pacific, extending over thousands of kilometres from the Bismarck archipelago and the Solomon Islands in the west, to the Marquesas and Austral Islands in the east, were untouched. To a French institution, it seemed obvious that exploration should start with French dependant territories. In the meantime, ORSTOM had changed its name to IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), but we nevertheless decided to retain our acronym MUSORSTOM. In 1992, MUSORSTOM 7 on board R/V Alis explored Wallis and Futuna, tiny specks of land to the north-east of Fiji, but with a large (266,000 km2) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) including several large banks. This was the last year that Alain Crosnier, who had been instrumental in sailing the MUSORSTOM programme through ORSTOM decision making, was personally on board at sea. In 1994, again with R/V Alis, MUSORSTOM 8 explored Vanuatu; in 1997, the ship was in the Marquesas (French Polynesia) for MUSORSTOM 9, and in 1998 MUSORSTOM 10 explored the central part of Fiji around Bligh Water. We were then advised to change the name of the expeditions. Decision makers do not like to be embarked in decade-long projects that they have to commit to fund, nor embroiled in program projects decided before they took office and that will last beyond their term. From then on, our expeditions carried names that were applied to one or a short suite of cruises. BORDAU was coined after the BORDer of the IndoAUstralian plate: in 1999, BORDAU 1 explored the southeast of Fiji, from south of Vanua Levu to the Lau group; in 2000, BORDAU 2 explored the eastern arc of Tonga, from Vavau to south of Eua. The 2002 BENTHAUS cruise A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION (after BENTHos of the AUStrales Islands) surveyed the southernmost archipelago of French Polynesia. The name of the SALOMON expeditions needs no explanation, other than that Iles Salomon is the French for Solomon Islands. In 2001, SALOMON 1 surveyed the central part of the Solomon Islands, from Guadalcanal to Malaita and Makira; the survey was continued in 2004 when SALOMON 2 explored the western part of the archipelago, and in 2007 SALOMONBOA (see below, under Second generation cruises) returned to the central islands, including the eastern coast of Malaita. SOUTH-EAST ASIAN CONNECTIONS Beside the initial burst of activity in the Philippines in 1976-1984, our research group was involved in two cruises that marginally sampled deep-water benthos: the CORINDON cruise (1980) was primarily a fishery survey that sampled the strait of Makassar, and ESTASE 2 (1984) was primarily a geosciences cruise that did limited sampling in Philippines waters. However, it was several years before another dedicated marine biology cruise took place in SouthEast Asia. In 1990, the French IFREMER and the Indonesian Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) [Indonesian Ministry of Science and Technology] launched a joint call for projects to use the new research vessels of the Baruna Jaya series. Our joint application with Kasim Moosa and colleagues from LIPI’s Institute of Oceanology was successful and we were granted ship time for the 1991 KARUBAR cruise, so named after the KAi, ARU, and TanimBAR islands of eastern Indonesia. Throughout the 1990s, our colleague Tin Yam Cham, at the National Taiwan Ocean University of Keelung, in Taiwan, had been closely involved in the study of decapod crustaceans from the MUSORSTOM expeditions. The year 2000 was the time to launch a joint cruise on board the Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute’s R.V. Fisheries Researcher 1, to conduct broad-scale deep-water sampling around Taiwan, followed by more specific cruises operating from the deep-sea fishing harbours of Dasi [= Tashi or Dashi], Nanfang-ao [formerly Suao] and Donggang [formerly Kaohsiung] in 2001-2003. Soon afterwards, deep-sea exploration resumed in the Philippines, following an invitation by Malcolm Sarmiento, the Director of the Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), on the occasion of the 2004 Panglao Marine Biodiversity Project. In 2005, the Bohol Sea and the sill to the Sulu Sea were surveyed by the PANGLAO 2005 expedition on board M.V. DA-BFAR. This was followed in 2007 by the AURORA expedition on the Pacific seaboard of Luzon, the expedition for the first time carrying officially a Census of Marine Life “Census of Margins” label, and in 2008 by the LUMIWAN expedition (so named after LUbang, MIndoro and PalaWAN, on the South China Sea seaboard of the Philippines). Additional areas in the Philippines are targeted for 2010 and beyond. SECOND GENERATION CRUISES While these explorations were taking place in the South and West Pacific, the bathymetry of the New Caledonia EEZ was being mapped as part of the ZONECO programme (http://www.zoneco.nc/). Whereas in the 1970s nothing but the Kaimon-Maru seamount was mapped on the Norfolk Ridge, the new 3-D ZONECO mapping revealed numerous new topographic features just begging for exploration. Simultaneously, R/V Alis was furbished with a multi-beam echosounder that dramatically changed the way the crew and we planned our benthic operations. As the multitude of marine organisms collected from our expeditions in the 1980s were analyzed, new research questions arose, requiring another round of sampling focused on specific scientific objectives. The purpose of the NORFOLK 1 (2001) and NORFOLK 2 (2004) cruises was to study the relationship between isolation, mode of dispersal and genetic structuring on seamounts of the Norfolk Ridge. Similarly, the 2005 EBISCO cruise (standing for Endémisme de la Biodiversité et ISolement en mer du COrail [Endemism of Biodiversity and Isolation in the Coral Sea]) addressed the issue of isolation and endemism on the Chesterfield and other banks in the middle of the Coral Sea, and for the first time added a molecular barcoding component. In a different vein, the BOA cruises (standing for Bois coulés et Organismes Associés [Sunken Wood and Associated Organisms]), directed by Sarah Samadi, aimed to evaluate the importance of sunken wood as phylogenetic “stepping stones” to cold seeps and hot vents. BOA 0 (2004), BOA 1 (2005) and SANTOBOA (2006) focussed on the larger islands in northern 13 14 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI Vanuatu and southern New Caledonia, while SALOMONBOA (2007) operated off the larger forested islands of Guadalcanal and Malaita. Our explorations also opened new doors to other scientists, who now conducted their own research expeditions and invited us on board to study their zoological by-products. Thus, in 1989-1993 Cécile Debitus conducted a series of SMIB cruises (standing for Substances Marines d’Intérêt Biologique [Bio-Active Marine Substances]) specifically to collect material for her research on new molecules. In the same vein, the recent (2008) CONCALIS cruise focused on deep-water cones for their venom glands. Needless to say, beside the few target species of sponges, octocorals or Conus, the dredge came up full of other biota that we were eager not to loose. To a lesser extent, the cruises of the BERYX and HALIPRO series (1991-1994), which focussed on fish stocks, also provided valuable zoological by-products. This review of “second generation” cruises would not be complete without mentioning the commercial operations carried by Caledonia Shells, a Nouméa-based company. The first MUSORSTOM cruises of the 1980s had found graveyards of teeth of the extinct giant shark Procarcharodon megalodon (see Seret 1987); the size of the teeth and their freshness caught the eye of local curio dealers. Caledonia Shells copied our dredge and extracted positions from our reports and publications, and went out to collect Procarcharodon on a commercial scale. Initially, seashells were just by-products but, as the known stocks of fossil teeth became exhausted, shells soon became a target in their own right. Regrettably, the operator of the company never departed from his commercial attitude and marketed to collectors and dealers all over the world specimens of seashells that he suspected were new and that he knew they were being worked up by our own network of specialists. The reliability of the data associated with these commercial catches is also questionable. MUSEUM PROCEDURES AND EDITORIAL CONVENTIONS While at sea during the expeditions, the megafauna and larger macrofauna are sorted to phylum. “Specials”, such as eulimids or solenogastres on hosts, cocculiniforms on odd substrates, or exceptionally fragile specimens, are kept separate, but the rest of the molluscs – empty shells and live-taken specimens – are otherwise preserved in bulk. Since 2004, the live-taken material has been screened on board for specimens that are drilled or anesthetized, and then fixed separately in 98 % ethanol for barcoding. The small fractions and residues that cannot be sorted on board with the naked eye are bagged and either frozen or fixed. After the expedition, they are thawed in formalin, then rinsed, and dried. In Paris, the “specials” and the barcode collections are kept in alcohol, and the general collection is rinsed and dried. The material is then sorted to operational groups, which can be either a class (Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora), a family, or even artificial but practical groups (e.g. “turrids”, bullomorphs, skeneimorphs); in the case of some of the larger-sized molluscs, the material may even be split to putative species. Usually, the macromollusc material of an expedition is entirely processed within a couple of years after the expedition has taken place. As time permits, the dried residues are sieved and fractioned down to 0.5 mm, and the micromolluscs are sorted under a dissecting microscope. As in museums elsewhere, we have been privileged to receive the assistance of dedicated and unselfish volunteers who have done a considerable part of that work. Most of the promising stations have by now been entirely sorted, but we are several years behind for several expeditions and there is a backlog of less inviting residues. All in all, we estimate that the mollusc material in MNHN originating from the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme consists of 150,000 lots and perhaps 1,000,000 specimens. As lots may provisionally be sorted only to the family level, the total number of species x station occurrences will thus ultimately end up higher. Each processed lot carries a label that explicitly gives in full: the region/country of the expedition; cruise acronym and name of the ship; station number; latitude, longitude, depth; if relevant, the name of collectors on the shipboard party. Given the human resources involved in the project, we have not found it feasible to catalogue each lot individually, as is usually considered “good museum practice”. For most of the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos cruises, station numbers are preceded by a two-letter prefix that refers to the type of gear used: CC, chalut à crevettes (Shrimp Trawl); CH, A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION chalut commercial (Otter Trawl); CP, chalut à perche (Beam Trawl); DR, drague à roche (Rock Dredge); DW, drague Warén (Warén Dredge). Since 1985, all stations in the main MUSORSTOM cruise series are numbered consecutively (now over 3,000), but many satellite expeditions have used their own numbering system starting with 1. When citing material in publications, each lot is unambiguously designated by the combination of the cruise acronym and station number. Regarding precision of geographical coordinates, in this age of satellite positioning, shipboard data result in considerably more information than is necessary for appropriate localization of the specimens collected. Positions are recorded on the bridge of the ship, often at two or more of the following times: (a) when the dredge/trawl is put out to sea and the winch starts paying off cable; (b) when the dredge/trawl reaches the bottom, the winch is stopped, and the dredge/trawl starts being dragged/towed on the bottom; (c) after 20 minutes (dredge) or 30-60 minutes (trawl), the cable starts being hauled back onto the winch; (d) when the dredge/trawl arrives at the surface and is hauled on board. Given the distance covered by the ship during towing (at 2-3 knots, about 2 km are covered in 30 minutes), and given the fact that the net is towed a long way behind the ship (up to several kilometres of cable may be paid out), we draw attention to the false impression of exact location that many unedited station lists may give. As a standard procedure, we have retained on our museum labels the position of the ship at the time when the trawl/dredge starts being dragged/towed on the bottom, if known; because of the length of cable paid out and the distance of the net behind the ship, decimals of minutes of latitude/longitude do not make sense (one-tenth of a minute = 180 m) and positions are thus rounded up to the nearest minute. For depths, we retain both the depth at the time of initiation of dragging/towing (b, above) and the depth at the time of initiation of hauling (c, above). On a steep slope, depth intervals for a single haul can span several hundred meters. As a consequence, when summarizing the bathymetric range of a species, we take the inner values of the deepest and shallowest stations, as there is no evidence that the species occurs beyond these values. For instance, if a species has been collected at 6 stations at depths of, for example, 611-636 m, 582-594 m, 693-811 m, 749-799 m, 283-405 m, and 350-800 m, the combined confirmed bathymetric range is 405-749 m, the depths between which the species definitively occurred, not 283-811 m. THE NETWORK OF SPECIALISTS AND THE RESULTING PUBLICATIONS The mollusc material collected by the historical expeditions was worked on single-handedly by malacologists from the country that launched these expeditions. For instance, William H. Dall published the Blake molluscs, Martinus Schepman was the author of the gastropod part of the Siboga Expeditie reports, Eduard von Martens and Johannes Thiele did the mollusc part of the Valdivia (Deutsche Tiefsee-Expedition), and, closer to us, Jorgen Knudsen was the main author of the mollusc parts in the Galathea Reports. However, the wealth of material brought together by the MUSORSTOM expeditions would have defeated even the most productive of the 19th century species-mongers. Rather than working up the material ourselves, we decided to multiply our workforce by involving a worldwide network of taxonomists. Throughout the years, as many as 73 authors from 19 countries have authored one or several papers dealing specifically or in part with “MUSORSTOM molluscs”. So far, including the new species and new records in this volume, 1,028 species of molluscs have been recorded from the New Caledonia EEZ from depths below 100 m (Appendix 2), and 601 of these (58.4%) were new species described with a New Caledonia type locality. An additional 142 new species have been described from other South Pacific island groups (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Tonga, Marquesas Islands and Austral Islands) (Appendix 3). The following two figures may help place this result in context. (a) The Challenger expedition resulted in 234 new species of molluscs from depths greater than 100 meters. (b) Considering that 310 new marine molluscs are described worldwide each year (Bouchet, 1997), the Tropical DeepSea Benthos programme thus accounts for about 10% of all new marine mollusc descriptions over the last 25 years. 15 16 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI 158°E 160°E 162°E 164°E 166°E 168°E 170°E 172°E 174°E 16°S 18°S 0 km 100 km 200 km 20°S 22°S 24°S 26°S Isle of Pines Munida Crypthelia Antigonia Jumeaux Ouest Jumeaux Est Brachiopode Stylaster Réfractaire Surprise I. Kaimon Maru Eponge Grand Passage Chesterfield Plateau Belep Is. Lansdowne Bank Zorro Gr LO Ouvéa YA LT Y Lifou BA de Te SI Maré rre N an Bellona Plateau Fairway Ridge YR E IDG LK R IDGE WE RISE Capel Bank NEW CALEDONIA BASIN R FO NO Argo Bank Isle of Pines LORD HO Kelso Bank W NE LT YA LO Nova Bank HE BR Matthew I. Hunter I. IDE ST REN CH SOUTH FIJI BASIN 0 100 Km 200 FIG. 2. Bathymetry and main topographic features of the Exclusive Economic Zone of New Caledonia. Introuvable Athos Portos Aramis A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION Also noteworthy is the role in our network of non-professional taxonomists, who have described just under 50% (49.1%) of the new species. As is the case with New Caledonia shallow water fauna, the “charismatic mollusc megafauna” (cones, cowries, volutes, pleurotomarias) is now probably adequately inventoried and described, although scattered new species still remain to be named. The slightly more diverse groups, among them the Muricidae, the Pectinoidea and the Scaphopoda, to name just a few, are worked up at a steady pace within a few years of the material being collected and sorted. However, the hyperdiverse families (“Turridae”, Pyramidellidae, Eulimidae) have remained barely touched or untouched at all. RESULTS SO FAR, LESSONS LEARNT AND THE WAY AHEAD Altogether, this quarter-century of biological exploration has collected at more than 4,000 dredging and trawling stations, with very dense sampling at depths between 100 and 1,500 meters, more sporadically to 3,700 m. The best surveyed area is New Caledonia, where about 50% of our sampling effort has been concentrated. The New Caledonia EEZ occupies 1,364,000 km2, which is well under 1% of the area of the Pacific Ocean (175 million km2) (Fig. 2). This translates on average to one station haul per 682 km2 (a square of c. 26 x 26 km). As the deep ocean below 1,500 m has hardly been sampled, a more meaningful evaluation of our sampling effort would be one haul per 105 km2 (c. 10 x 10 km) between 100 and 1,500 m, and one haul per 1,150 km2 (c. 34 x 34 km) below 1,500 m. Elsewhere in the South Pacific, sampling intensity has of course been much less than in New Caledonia. When we started work in New Caledonia in the 1980s, almost everything seemed to be new, but we expected that these new species would also be found in adjacent island groups once, in due course, these were also explored. Twenty years later, these other island groups have been explored, but to our great surprise New Caledonia emerges from this expanded exploration as a uniquely diverse and singular place. No other large island in the South Pacific has such extensive hard bottoms as New Caledonia. In addition, the New Caledonia EEZ includes very diverse topographic features that undoubtedly account for high levels of regional endemism nested within it. Several discrete areas of regional endemism can be recognized. To the north of New Caledonia, the coral reef lagoon drops to the Grand Passage, and then re-emerges near Surprise and D’Entrecasteaux Reefs; this area has such local endemics as Cantharus septemcostatus, Fusolatirus luteus, Serratifusus harasewychi, S. sitanius, Volutomitra glabella, V. ziczac, Belloliva alaos, B. apoma, Comitas pachycercus, Leptotrophon virginiae, L. richeri and Lyria grandidieri. To the south, New Caledonia is continued by the Norfolk Ridge, a rugged chain with an average depth of 1,500-2,000 m, and several flat-topped seamounts culminating at depths between 200 and 600 m. Individual seamounts have their own faunal assemblages (Richer de Forges et al. 2000), and even if single-seamount endemism is not convincingly demonstrable (Samadi et al. 2006), the Norfolk Ridge overall has a rich endemic gastropod fauna (e.g. Alcithoe aillaudorum, Lyria kuniene, L. guionneti, L. poppei, Amalda fuscolingua, Cancellopollia gracilis, Serratifusus virginiae, Euthria scepta, E. cumulata, Africotriton adelphum, Benthofascis lozoueti). The island of New Caledonia itself is very steep-sided outside the barrier reef, with dredgeable/trawlable bottoms restricted to the sediment fans where passes cut the barrier. To the west of New Caledonia, the seamounts and plateaus of the Coral Sea form a series of reliefs that culminate at depths of 0-200 m and are separated from Australia, from New Caledonia, and from each other by water in excess of 1,500 m deep: Lansdowne and Fairway banks, and Chesterfield and Bellona atolls reach the surface or even form sandy cays, whereas Nova, Argo, Kelso and Capel banks form a chain of guyots separated from each other by distances of 80-100 km, their summital plateau reaching 20-200 m below sea level. The Coral Sea has its own guild of endemic species (e.g. Perotrochus deforgesi, Calliostoma chesterfieldense, Cassis abbotti, Xastilia kosugei, Murexsul metivieri, Amalda coriolis, Belloliva ellenae, Leiosyrinx liphaima, Conus estivali), some of which appear to be significantly restricted to a single bank or plateau (Fig. 3). 17 18 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI To the east of New Caledonia, the Loyalty Ridge is separated by the Loyalty Basin. Like the Norfolk Ridge, it bears islands and seamounts rising from a submarine chain at 1,500-2,000 m. Still further east, separated from New Caledonia by the New Hebrides Trench, lie the Hunter and Matthew islands and the Gemini seamounts, geographically part of the New Hebrides Arc, but politically dependancies of New Caledonia. Although several species have a type locality on the Loyalty Ridge (e.g. Pazinotus spectabilis) or on the southern part of the New Hebrides Arc (e.g. Fusolatirus pachyus), none of them seems to be restricted to these topographic features. FIG. 3. Patterns in regional endemism of Belloliva species in the Coral Sea. After Kantor & Bouchet (2007). A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION HOW MANY SPECIES? Although 1,028 deep-water species have been recorded so far from New Caledonia, this represents only a small fraction of the total deep-water fauna. Nonetheless, numbers in selected families are impressive. For instance, there are only 567 valid species of Recent Scaphopoda worldwide (Steiner & Kabat 2004, and additions: V. Scarabino, pers. com.), but 119 species are recorded from New Caledonia, of which 96 are from depths strictly below 100 m (Scarabino 1995, and pers. com.). In the same vein, the discovery of 14 species of Volutomitridae in the New Caledonia region (Bouchet & Kantor 2004) places this part of the world as a major centre of diversity for the family (this paper, Fig. 4); it brings the total number of Recent Volutomitridae known worldwide to 50 named species, with the New Caledonia region thus home to 28% of the world volutomitrid fauna. Undoubtedly, this reflects both the intensity of our sampling but also the intrinsic species richness of the region. A morphospecies approach can be used to document levels of richness in the hyper-diverse taxa. The “family” Turridae (s.l.) is represented in New Caledonia by 1,726 morphospecies at depths from the intertidal to 3,700 m, of which 1,222 are from depths below 100 m. As many as 30% are represented by singletons, which indicates that our sampling is far from saturated. In fact, every new cruise still collects species never seen before, and the real magnitude of the New Caledonia turrid fauna probably stands somewhere near 2,600 species (Bouchet et al. 2004), and Alexander Sysoev (pers. com.) estimates that over 80% of the deep-water component is undescribed. Preliminary FIG. 4. Geographic representation of the diversity of Volutomitridae in the Pacific and Antarctic regions. The intensity of the tones of grey is proportional to the number of species: respectively 1-2, 4-5, 6-7 and 14 species. After Bouchet & Kantor (2004). 19 20 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI examination of the deep-water turrids from Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas suggests that some 1,000 species are present in our material, but only 40% of these are also present in New Caledonia. The Solomon Islands also have a very rich fauna that, at first sight, appears quite different from that of New Caledonia. When molecular data are brought into the picture, the numbers literally soar (N. Puillandre, unpublished results). All in all, it is probably not outlandish to estimate that the South Pacific MUSORSTOM collection contains 5,000, mostly undescribed, deepwater species of turrids. Projecting from these rough turrid calculations suggests that the deep-sea mollusc fauna of New Caledonia may amount to 15-20,000 species, and the corresponding number for the whole South Pacific is probably 20-30,000 species. FIG. 5. Water temperature profile at 18°S, 166°E (between New Caledonia and Vanuatu). Source CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas 2006 (http://www.marine. csiro.au/~dunn/cars2006/). A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION HOW MANY BIOTIC LAYERS ARE THERE IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC? Textbooks have taught us the notion of a three-layered ocean, with a shelf fauna extending offshore to c. 300 m, followed by a slope or bathyal fauna extending to 2,300-2,500 m, followed by an abyssal fauna extending to 6,000 m. This is a time-honoured notion that is certainly valid in the North Atlantic where most developed nations have conducted deep sea exploration since the 1870s. However, there are two observations that immediately strike a zoologist when dredging in the tropical South and West Pacific. One observation is that the notion of a shelf fauna is irrelevant on tropical islands, both based on geomorphology (there is no such thing as a shelf surrounding islands) and based on biology: what one normally considers “deep sea” fauna – i.e. faunal assemblages with elasipod holothurians, stalked crinoids, hexactinellid sponges, and other markers of the “deep sea” – starts in the tropics as shallow as 150-180 m. Regional water temperature profiles (Fig. 5) show a thermocline at 100 m. Our choice of the 100 m isobath for the upper limit of the tropical “deep-sea” fauna is thus less arbitrary than it may at first seem. The second observation is that turnover in species composition takes place more frequently in the tropics than in temperate latitudes. Thus, there are several layers of deep-sea faunas between 200 and 1,500 m, rather than a single transition as in the North Atlantic. The implications in terms of global magnitude of marine biodiversity are profound. However, it is not clear how many layers there are in the tropics. Our own sampling is adequate to draw conclusions down to 1,200-1,500 m, but is very patchy below that depth, and no samples have been taken below 3,750 m. It is a question that remains to be answered by future deep-sea work, by dense sampling along a transect starting at 1,000 m. With its deepest point at 9,035 m, the New Hebrides Trench, between New Caledonia and Vanuatu, would be an ideal place to conduct such a transect. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The introductory chapter is the place to thank numerous people who have been essential in conducting the work at sea, and/or sorting and processing the catches, but whose role behind the scene is not readily known to the individual taxonomists downstream on the conveyor belt. First and foremost we want to highlight the role of Alain Crosnier, longtime mentor of the MUSORSTOM expeditions and editor of the Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, and Bertrand Richer de Forges, our indefatigable companion of many months at sea and astute dredger and trawler on uncharted slopes. Our colleagues Marie-Catherine Boisselier and Sarah Samadi have now taken over as pillars of the deep-sea expeditions, and we are grateful for their unselfish spirit of collaboration. We also thank Laurent Albenga, Nadia Améziane, Rudo von Cosel, Benoît Dayrat, Felise Liufau, Jean-Louis Menou, Bernard Métivier and Anders Warén, for good companionship at sea. During the many months spent at sea, R/V Alis officers Jean-François Barazer, Loïc Le Floch, Hervé Le Houarno and Raymond Proner shared our passion for adventure and discovery. The Asian cruises have involved another set of collaborations and partnerships: in Indonesia, Woro W. Kastoro and Kasim Moosa; in Taiwan, Tin-Yam Chan; in the Philippines, Ludivina Labe, Danilo Largo, Marivene Manuel, Noel Saguil, Malcolm Sarmiento and Dave Valles. For the thousands of hours of processing and sorting residues, and subsequent family triage, we are indebted to Mauricette Bourgeois, Delphine Brabant, Guy Deschamps, Yuri Kantor, Arnaud Le Goff, Bruce Marshall, Angelo Di Matteo, Danielle Plaçais, Stefano Palazzi, Alexander Sysoev, Jean Tröndlé and Anders Warén. Finally, we thank the many taxonomists who have responded positively to our request for their expertise. A number of them worked in Paris as part of the MNHN visiting curators programme, and we thank Chantal Adler, Evelyne Doessekel, Christine Pascal and Michel Guiraud for authorizing and/or facilitating their visits. 21 22 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI REFERENCES BOUCHET P. 1997. — Inventorying the molluscan diversity of the world: what is our rate of progress? The Veliger 41 (1): 1-11. BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2004. — New Caledonia: the major centre of biodiversity for volutomitrid molluscs (Mollusca: Neogastropoda: Volutomitridae). Systematics and Biodiversity 1 (4): 467-502. BOUCHET P., SYSOEV A. & LOZOUET P. 2004. — An inordinate fondness for turrids. Molluscan Megadiversity: Sea, Land and Freshwater. World Congress of Malacology (Perth, Western Australia, 11-16 July 2004), Abstracts: 12. KANTOR Y. & BOUCHET P. 2007. — Out of Australia: Deep-water Belloliva (Neogastropoda: Olividae) from the Coral Sea and New Caledonia. American Malacological Bulletin 22: 27-73. RICHER DE FORGES B., KOSLOW J. A. & POORE G. 2000. — Diversity and endemism of the benthic seamount fauna in the southwest Pacific. Nature 405: 944-947. SAMADI S., BOTTAN L., MACPHERSON E., RICHER DE FORGES B. & BOISSELIER M. C. 2006. — Seamount endemism questioned by the geographic distribution and population genetic structure of marine invertebrates. Marine Biology 149 (6): 1463-1475. SCARABINO V. 1995. — Scaphopoda of the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans, with description of 3 new genera and 42 new species, in BOUCHET P. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire naturelle 167: 189-379. SERET B. 1987. — Découverte d’une faune à Procarcharodon megalodon (Agassiz 1835) en Nouvelle-Calédonie (Pisces, Chondrichthyes, Lamnidae). Cybium 11 (4): 389-394. STEINER G. & KABAT A. 2004. — Catalog of species-group names of Recent and fossil Scaphopoda (Mollusca). Zoosystema 26 (4): 549-726. A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION APPENDIX 1. Cruises in the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme and satellite programmes that have yielded deep-sea zoological material, and relevant published cruise narratives or station lists. CRUISE NAME OR ACRONYM YEAR SHIP AREA AURORA 2007 2007 DA-BFAR Philippines AZTEQUE 1990 Alis New Caledonia BATHUS 1 1993 Alis New Caledonia NO. OF STATIONS STATION NUMBERS (CONSECUTIVE NUMBERING) CRUISE REPORT IF ANY 2653-2764 11 Grandperrin et al. 1990 639-713 Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 BATHUS 2 1993 Alis New Caledonia 714-771 Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 BATHUS 3 1993 Alis New Caledonia 773-849 Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 BATHUS 4 1994 Alis New Caledonia 882 -955 BENTHAUS 2002 Alis Austral Islands 1861-2021 BERYX 11 1992 Alis New Caledonia 60 Lehodey et al. 1992 BERYX 2 1991 Alis New Caledonia 19 Grandperrin & Lehodey 1992 BIOCAL 1985 Jean-Charcot New Caledonia 68 BIOGEOCAL 1987 Coriolis New Caledonia 35 BOA0 2004 Alis Vanuatu 2304-2330 BOA1 2005 Alis Vanuatu 2411-2480 BORDAU 1 1999 Alis Fiji 1391-1507 Richer de Forges 2000 BORDAU 2 2000 Alis Tonga CALSUB 1989 Cyana New Caledonia 22 1508-1645 Grandperrin & Richer de Forges 1989; Roux 1994 CHALCAL 1 1984 Coriolis Coral Sea 27 Richer de Forges & Pianet 1984 CHALCAL 2 1986 Coriolis New Caledonia 38 CONCALIS 2008 Alis New Caledonia CORAIL 2 1988 Coriolis Coral Sea 19 Richer de Forges et al. 1988 CORINDON 2 1980 Coriolis Indonesia 70 Moosa 1985 GEMINI 1989 Alis New Hebrides Arc 15 Bargibant et al. 1989 HALICAL 1 1994 Alis New Caledonia 4 HALIPRO 1 1994 Alis New Caledonia HALIPRO 2 1996 Tangaroa New Caledonia 106 Grandperrin et al. 1997 KARUBAR 1991 Baruna Jaya 1 Indonesia 91 Crosnier et al. 1997 LAGON 1984-1989 Vauban, then Alis New Caledonia 62 Richer de Forges 1991 LITHIST 1999 Alis New Caledonia 18 LUMIWAN 2008 2008 DA-BFAR Philippines 2861-2928 MUSORSTOM 1 1976 Vauban Philippines 1-73 Forest 1981 MUSORSTOM 2 1980 Coriolis Philippines 1-83 Forest 1986 MUSORSTOM 3 1985 Coriolis Philippines 86-145 Forest 1989 MUSORSTOM 4 1985 Vauban New Caledonia 146-249 Richer de Forges 1986 MUSORSTOM 5 1986 Coriolis Coral Sea 250-390 Richer de Forges et al. 1986 MUSORSTOM 6 1989 Alis New Caledonia 391-493 Richer de Forges & Laboute 1989 MUSORSTOM 7 1992 Alis Wallis & Futuna 494-638 Richer de Forges & Menou 1993 MUSORSTOM 8 1994 Alis Vanuatu 956-1141 Richer de Forges et al. 1996 MUSORSTOM 9 1997 Alis Marquesas 1142-1307 Richer de Forges et al. 1999 MUSORSTOM 10 1998 Alis Fiji 1308-1390 Richer de Forges et al. 2000 NORFOLK 1 2001 Alis New Caledonia 1651-1739 Richer de Forges et al. 1987 2929-3025 Grandperrin et al. 1995a 850-881 148 Grandperrin et al., 1995b; Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 23 24 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI CRUISE NAME OR ACRONYM YEAR SHIP AREA NO OF STATIONS STATION NUMBERS (CONSECUTIVE NUMBERING) NORFOLK 2 2003 Alis New Caledonia PALEO-SURPRISE 1999 Alis New Caledonia PANGLAO 2005 2005 DA-BFAR Philippines 2331-2409 SALOMON 1 2001 Alis Solomon Islands 1740-1860 SALOMON 2 2004 Alis Solomon Islands 2164-2303 SALOMONBOA 3 2007 Alis Solomon Islands SANTO 2006 2006 Alis Vanuatu 112 CRUISE REPORT IF ANY 2022-2161 29 Garrigue et al. 2000 2765-2860 SMCB 1990-1991 Marara French Polynesia 80 Poupin 1991 SMIB 1 1986 Vauban New Caledonia 15 Richer de Forges 1990 SMIB 2 1986 Vauban New Caledonia 31 Richer de Forges 1990 SMIB 3 1987 Vauban New Caledonia 32 Richer de Forges 1990 SMIB 4 1989 Alis New Caledonia 36 Richer de Forges 1990 SMIB 5 1989 Alis New Caledonia 36 Richer de Forges 1993 SMIB 6 1990 Alis New Caledonia 32 Richer de Forges 1993 SMIB 8 1993 Alis New Caledonia 55 Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996 SMIB 9 1993 Alis New Caledonia 1 SMIB 10 1995 Alis New Caledonia 17 TAIWAN 2000 2000 Fisheries Researcher No. 1 Taiwan 62 TAIWAN 2001 2001 Chung Tung Long No. 26 Taiwan 80 TAIWAN 2002 2002 Cheng-Ming Fa and Ocean Researcher No. 1 Taiwan 3 TAIWAN 2004 2004 Rih-Jheng 101 and Ocean Researcher No. 2 Taiwan 23 Vauban 1978-1979 1978-1979 Vauban New Caledonia 47 VOLSMAR 1989 Alis New Hebrides Arc 25 Richer de Forges 1990 Laboute et al. 1989 REFERENCES BARGIBANT G., GRANDPERRIN R., LABOUTE P., MONZIER M. & RICHER DE FORGES B. 1989. — La campagne GEMINI sur les volcans sous-marins de Vanuatu. N.O. Alis (ORSTOM) du 3 au 7 juillet 1989. Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Terre, Géologie, Géophysique, ORSTOM, Nouméa 12: 13 p. CROSNIER A., RICHER DE FORGES B. & BOUCHET. P. 1997. — La campagne KARUBAR en Indonésie, au large des iles Kai et Tanimbar, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 172: 9-26. FOREST J. 1981. — Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM. I – Philippines (18-28 mars 1976). Report and general comments. Mémoires ORSTOM 91: 9-50. FOREST J. 1986. — The MUSORSTOM II Expedition (1980). Report and list of stations. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, sér. A 133: 7-30. FOREST J. 1989. — Report on the MUSORSTOM 3 Expedition to the Philippines (May 21st-June 7th 1985), in FOREST J. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 4. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, sér. A, 143: 9-23. GRANDPERRIN R. & LEHODEY P. 1992. — Campagne BERYX 2 de pêche au chalut de fond sur trois monts sous-marins du Sud-Est de la Zone Économique de Nouvelle Calédonie (N.O. Alis, 22-31 octobre 1991). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 11: 40 p. GARRIGUE C., RICHER DE FORGES B., LABOUTE P., PHILIPPE J.-S., CHAZOTTES V., CABIOCH G., CORREGE T. & RECY J. 2000. — PALEO-SURPRISE: paléoenvironnements et bioécologie de l’atoll de Surprise, Nouvelle-Calédonie. Rapports de missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 25: 1-53. GRANDPERRIN R., BARGIBANT G. & MENOU J. L. 1995a. — Campagne HALICAL 1 de pêche à la palangre de fond dans le Nord et sur la ride des Loyauté, en Nouvelle-Calédonie (N.O. Alis 21 nov.-1er déc. et 12-23 déc. 1994). Convention Sciences de la mer, Biologie marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 12: 1-67. GRANDPERRIN R., BUJAN S., MENOU J.-L., RICHER DE FORGES B. & RIVATON J. 1995b. — Campagne HALIPRO 1 de chalutages exploratoires dans l’est et dans le sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (N.O. Alis, 18-25 mars et 29 mars-1er avril 1994). Convention ORSTOM/Programme ZoNéCo (Évaluation des ressources marines de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie). Convention Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, Nouméa ORSTOM 14: 1-61. A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION GRANDPERRIN R., FARMAN R., LORANCE P., JOMESSY T., HAMEL P., LABOUTE, P., LABROSSE P., RICHER DE FORGES B., SÉRET B. & VIRLY S. 1997. — Campagne HALIPRO 2 de chalutages exploratoires profonds dans le sud de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie (R/V Tangaroa, 4-28 novembre 1996). ZoNéCo: Programme d’évaluation des ressources marines de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie, 150 p. GRANDPERRIN R., LABOUTE P., PIANET R. & WANTIEZ L. 1990. — Campagne AZTEQUE de chalutage de fond au sud-est de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (N. O. Alis, du 12 au 16 février 1990). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 7: 1-21. GRANDPERRIN R. & RICHER DE FORGES B. 1989. — Observations réalisées à bord du submersible Cyana dans la zone épibathyale de Nouvelle-Calédonie (campagne CALSUB, 17 fèvrier-14 mars 1989). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 3: 1-25. LABOUTE P., LARDY M., MENOU J.-L., MONZIER M. & RICHER DE FORGES B. 1989. — La campagne VOLSMAR sur les volcans sous-marins du sud de l’arc des Nouvelles-Hébrides (N.O. Alis, 29 mai au 9 juin 1989). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Terre, Géologie-Géophysique, ORSTOM, Nouméa 11: 1-22. LEHODEY P., RICHER DE FORGES B., NAUGES C., GRANDPERRIN R. & RIVATON J. 1992. — Campagne BERYX 11 de pêche au chalut sur six monts sousmarins du Sud-Est de la Zone Economique de Nouvelle-Calédonie (N. O. Alis, 13 au 23 octobre 1992). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 22: 1-93. MOOSA M. K. 1985. — Report on the CORINDON Cruises. Marine Research in Indonesia, 24: 1-6. POUPIN J. 1991. — Campagnes de dragages en Polynésie française. Batiment de contrôle biologique Marara 1990-1991. Rapport scientifique et technique, SMCB, Tahiti, 17 pp. RICHER DE FORGES B. 1986. — La campagne MUSORSTOM IV en Nouvelle Calédonie; mission du N. O. Vauban, septembre-octobre 1985. Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 38: 31 p. RICHER DE FORGES B. 1990. — Explorations for bathyal fauna in the New Caledonian economic zone ), in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 6. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, sér. A, 145: 9-54. RICHER DE FORGES B. 1991. — Les fonds meubles des lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie: généralités et échantillonnages par dragages, in Le benthos des fonds meubles des lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Études et thèses, ORSTOM 1: 1-148. RICHER DE FORGES B. 1993. — Campagnes d’exploration de la faune bathyale faites depuis mai 1989 dans la zone économique de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Listes des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 10. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 156: 27-32. RICHER DE FORGES B., BOUCHET P., DAYRAT B., WAREN A. & PHILIPPE J. S. 2000. — La campagne BORDAU 1 sur la ride de Lau (iles Fidji). Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 21. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 184: 25-38. RICHER DE FORGES B. & CHEVILLON C. 1996. — Les campagnes d’échantillonnage du benthos bathyal en Nouvelle-Calédonie, en 1993 et 1994 (BATHUS 1 à 4, SMIB 8 et HALIPRO 1), in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 15. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 168: 33-53. RICHER DE FORGES B., CHEVILLON C., LABOUTE P., BARGIBANT G., MENOU J.-L. & TIRARD P. 1988. — La campagne CORAIL 2 sur le plateau des îles Chesterfield (N.O. Coriolis et N.O. Alis, 18 juillet au 6 août 1988). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 50: 1-68. RICHER DE FORGES B., FALIEX E. & MENOU J. L. 1996. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 8 dans l’archipel de Vanuatu. Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 15. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 168: 9-32. RICHER DE FORGES B. & GRANDPERRIN R. & LABOUTE P. 1987. — La campagne CHALCAL II sur les guyots de la ride de NORFOLK (N. O. Coriolis 26 octobre1er novembre 1986). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 42: 1-42. RICHER DE FORGES B. & LABOUTE P. 1989. — La campagne MUSORSTOM VI sur la ride des îles Loyauté (N.O. Alis, du 12 au 26 février 1989). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 51: 1-38. RICHER DE FORGES B., LABOUTE P. & MENOU J.-L. 1986. — La campagne MUSORSTOM V aux îles Chesterfield N. O. Coriolis (5-24 octobre 1986). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 41: 1-31. RICHER DE FORGES B. & MENOU J. L. 1993. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 7 dans la zone économique des iles Wallis et Futuna. Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 10. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 156: 9-25. RICHER DE FORGES B., NEWELL P., SCHLACHER-HOENLINGER M., SCHLACHER T., NATING D., CESA F. & BOUCHET P. 2000. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 10 dans l‘archipel des iles Fidji. Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 21. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 184: 9-23. RICHER DE FORGES B. & PIANET R., 1984. — Résultats préliminaires de la campagne CHALCAL à bord du N.O. Coriolis (12-31 juillet 1984). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 32: 1-28. RICHER DE FORGES B., POUPIN J. & LABOUTE P. 1999. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 9 dans l’archipel des iles Marquises (Polynésie française). Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 20. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 180: 9-29. ROUX M. 1994. — The CALSUB cruise on the bathyal slopes off New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 12. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 161: 9-47. 25 26 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI APPENDIX 2. Check list of molluscs recorded from New Caledonia from depths below 100 meters. References to the original descriptions / records are listed in Appendix 4. An asterisk * indicates that the species was originally described from New Caledonia. The sequence of the families follows Bouchet & Rocroi 2005 (Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397) for gastropods; Bieler & Mikkelsen 2006 (Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 148: 223–235) for bivalves; Sirenko 2006 (Venus 65 (1-2): 27-49) for Polyplacophora; and Scarabino 1995 (Mémoires du Museum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 189-379) for Scaphopoda. GASTROPODA ATAPHRIDAE Acremodontina boucheti Marshall, 1995a* LEPETELLIDAE Bichoristes wareni McLean, 1992* ADDISONIIDAE Helicopelta rostricola Marshall, 1996* PLEUROTOMARIIDAE Perotrochus boucheti Anseeuw & Poppe, 2001* Perotrochus caledonicus Bouchet & Métivier, 1982* Perotrochus deforgesi Métivier, 1990* SCISSURELLIDAE Sinezona globosa Geiger, 2006a* Sinezona macleani Geiger, 2006a SEGUENZIIDAE Ancistrobasis adonis Marshall, 1991* Ancistrobasis boucheti Marshall, 1991* Ancistrobasis caledonica Marshall, 1991* Ancistrobasis monodon (Schepman, 1908) Ancistrobasis scitula Marshall, 1991* Ancistrobasis tiara Marshall, 1991* Anxietas exigua Marshall, 1991* Anxietas inspirata Marshall, 1991* Asthelys depressa Marshall, 1991* Asthelys nitidula Marshall, 1991* Asthelys semiplicata Marshall, 1991* Basilissa superba Watson, 1879 Basilissopsis charcoti Marshall, 1991* Calliobasis festiva Marshall, 1991* Calliobasis merista Marshall, 1991* Calliobasis nepticula Marshall, 1991* Calliobasis phimosa Marshall, 1991* Calliobasis spectrum Marshall, 1991* Carenzia acanthodes Marshall, 1991* Carenzia nitens Marshall, 1991* Carenzia ornata Marshall, 1991* Carenzia serrata Marshall, 1991* Erastasthelys corona Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella asceta Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella brychia Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella euphanes Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella megalomphala Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella membranacea Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella polita Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella runcinata Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella stirophora Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella tenera Marshall, 1991* Fluxinella xysila Marshall, 1991* Hadroconus grandiosus Marshall, 1991* Halystina caledonica Marshall, 1991* Halystina carinata Marshall, 1991* Halystina vaubani Marshall, 1991* Quinnia laetifica Marshall, 1991* Quinnia limatula Marshall, 1991* Quinnia patula (Marshall, 1983) Seguenzia chariessa Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia chelina Marshall, 1983 Seguenzia eidalima Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia emmeles Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia engonia Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia eutyches Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia iota Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia levii Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia matara Marshall, 1988 Seguenzia metivieri Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia platamodes Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia praeceps Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia richeri Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia stegastris Marshall, 1991* Seguenzia wareni Marshall, 1991* CHILODONTIDAE Calliotropis acherontis Marshall, 1979 Calliotropis basileus Vilvens, 2004 Calliotropis blacki Marshall, 1979 Calliotropis chalkeie Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis cycloeides Vilvens, 2007 Calliotropis crystalophora Marshall, 1979 Calliotropis delli Marshall, 1979 Calliotropis denticulus Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis derbiosa Vilvens, 2004 Calliotropis echidnoides Vilvens, 2007 Calliotropis eucheloides Marshall, 1979 Calliotropis elephas Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis excelsior Vilvens, 2004 Calliotropis hataii Rehder & Ladd, 1973 Calliotropis hysterea Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis infundibulum (Watson, 1879) Calliotropis lamellifera Jansen, 1994 Calliotropis limbifera (Schepman, 1908) Calliotropis micraulax Vilvens, 2004* Calliotropis multisquamosa (Schepman, 1908) Calliotropis oros Vilvens, 2007 Calliotropis pistis Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis pyramoeides Vilvens, 2007* Calloitropis rostrum Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis scalaris Lee & Wu, 2001 Calliotropis trieres Vilvens, 2007* Calliotropis vilvensi Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 Calliotropis zone Vilvens, 2007* Danilia angulosa Vilvens & Héros, 2005* Danilia kuroshio Okutani, 1968 TROCHIDAE Kaiparathina boucheti Marshall, 1993b* Kaiparathina coriolis Marshall, 1993b* Kaiparathina cf. navakaensis (Ladd, 1982) Kaiparathina vaubani Marshall, 1993b* CALLIOSTOMATIDAE Bathyfautor caledonicus Marshall, 1995b* Bathyfautor coriolis Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma alisi Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma boucheti Marshall, 1995* Calliostoma chesterfieldense Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma cristatum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma diadematum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma heros Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma houbricki Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma kanakorum Marshall, 2001 [= C. coronatum Marshall, 1995b non Quinn, 1992]* Calliostoma metivieri Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma necopinatum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma paradigmatum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma peregrinum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma periglyptum Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma pertinax Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma richeri Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma tosaense (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) Calliostoma vaubani Marshall, 1995b* Calliostoma xanthos Marshall, 1995b* Fautrix aquilonia Marshall, 1995b* Fautrix candida Marshall, 1995b* Selastele pictum Marshall, 1995b* Thysanodonta boucheti Marshall, 1988* Thysanodonta cassis Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006* Thysanodonta chesterfieldensis Marshall, 1995b* Thysanodonta diadema Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006* Thysanodonta eucosmia Marshall, 1995b* Thysanodonta festiva Marshall, 1995b* Thysanodonta opima Marshall, 1995b* Thysanodonta pileum Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006* TURBINIDAE Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863) Bolma henica (Watson, 1885) Bolma opaoana Bouchet & Métivier, 1983* CERITHIIDAE Argyropeza izekiana Kuroda, 1949 Argyropeza porcellana (Watson, 1886) Argyropeza schepmaniana Melvill, 1912 Cerithium abditum Houbrick, 1992* Cerithium flemischi Martin, 1933 Cerithium matukense Watson, 1880 Cerithium ophioderma Habe, 1968 Varicopeza pauxilla (Adams, 1854) CYPRAEIDAE Cypraea langfordi (Kuroda, 1938) Cypraea porteri Cate, 1966 Cypraea teramachii (Kuroda, 1938) Lyncina porteri nigromaculata Lorenz, 2002* Nesiocypraea langfordi cavatoensis Lorenz, 2002* Nesiocypraea teramachii neocaledonica Lorenz, 2002* Notadusta boucheti Lorenz, 2002* Notadusta kastsuae guidoi Lorenz, 2002* OVULIDAE Cypraeopsis superstes Dolin, 1991* Lunovula boucheti Lorenz, 2007* PICKWORTHIIDAE Mareleptopoma vaubani Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003* Sansonia alisonae Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003 A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION ZEROTULIDAE Frovina angularis Warén & Hain, 1996* Trilirata herosae Warén & Hain, 1996* Halgyrineum louisae (Lewis, 1974) Ranella olearium (Linné, 1758) Sassia remensa (Iredale, 1936) RISSOIDAE Rissoina boucheti Sleurs, 1991* Rissoina longispira Sleurs, 1991* Zebina reclina Sleurs, 1991* Zebina retusa Sleurs, 1991* HALOCERATIDAE Haloceras exquisita Warén & Bouchet, 1991* Haloceras heliptyx Warén & Bouchet, 1991* Haloceras spinosa Warén & Bouchet, 1991* Zygoceras biocalae Warén & Bouchet, 1991* Zygoceras tropidophora Warén & Bouchet, 1991* STROMBIDAE Tibia laurenti Duchamps, 1992* Tibia powisi Petit, 1840 TONNIDAE Galeodea bituminata (Martin, 1933) Oocorys sulcata Fischer, 1883 Oocorys verrillii (Dall, 1889) Echinophoria wyvillei (Watson, 1886) Eudolium bairdii (Verrill & Smith, 1881) Eudolium pyriforme (Sowerby, 1914) CASSIDAE Cassis abbotti Bouchet, 1988* BURSIDAE Bufonaria ignobilis Beu 1987 Bufonaria nobilis (Reeve, 1844) Bursa fijiensis (Watson, 1881) Bursa fosteri Beu, 1987 Bursa latitudo Garrard, 1961 Bursa lucaensis Parth, 1991 Bursa quirihorai Beu, 1987 Bursa rhodostoma (G.B. Sowerby II, 1835) Bursa rosa (Perry, 1811) Tutufa bufo (Röding, 1798) LAUBIERINIDAE Pisanianura breviaxe (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) Pisanianura grimaldii (Dautzenberg, 1889) PERSONIDAE Distorsio decipiens (Reeve, 1844) Distorsio euconstricta Beu, 1987 Distorsio graceiellae Parth, 1989 Distorsio habei Lewis, 1972 Distorsio perdistorta Fulton, 1938 Distorsionella lewisi (Beu, 1978) Distorsionella pseudaphera Beu, 1998* Personopsis purpurata Beu, 1998* Personopsis trigonaperta Beu, 1998* RANELLIDAE Biplex pulchra (Gray in Sowerby II, 1836) Charonia lampas (Linné, 1758) Cymatium comptum (A. Adams, 1855) Cymatium dunkeri (Lischke, 1868) Cymatium exaratum (Reeve, 1844) Cymatium fittkaui Parth, 1991 Cymatium labiosum (Wood, 1828) Cymatium rubeculum (Linné, 1758) Cymatium tenuiliratum (Lischke, 1873) Cymatium testudinarium (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) Gyrineum hirasei (Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961) Gyrineum lacunatum (Mighels, 1845) Gyrineum longicaudatum Beu, 1998* Gyrineum roseum (Reeve, 1844) TRIVIIDAE Dolichupis producta (Gaskoin, 1936) Trivellona abyssicola (Schepman, 1909) Trivellona bulla Dolin, 2001* Trivellona conjonctiva Dolin, 2001* Trivellona cf. excelsa Iredale, 1931 Trivellona galea Dolin, 2001* Trivellona oligopleura Dolin, 2001* Trivellona paucicostata valerieae (Hart, 1996) Trivellona sibogae (Schepman, 1909) Trivellona speciosa (Kuroda & Cate, 1979) Trivellona syzygia Dolin, 2001* Trivia vitrosphaera Dolin, 2001* XENOPHORIDAE Xenophora granulosa Ponder, 1983* Xenophora lamberti Souverbie, 1871 Xenophora pallidula (Reeve, 1842) Xenophora tenuis Fulton, 1938 EPITONIIDAE Amaea elegantula Garcia, 2003* Amaea gazeoides Kuroda & Habe, 1950 Boreoscala ponderosa Garcia, 2003* Cirsotrema bennettorum Garcia, 2000* Cirsotrema herosae Garcia, 2003 Cirsotrema plexis Dall, 1925 Cirsotrema richeri Garcia, 2003* Cycloscala armata Garcia, 2004b Cycloscala gazae Kilburn, 1985 Cycloscala hyalina (G.B. Sowerby, 1844) Cylindroscala humerosa (Schepman, 1909) Epitonium bevdeynzerae Garcia, 2001 Epitonium deschampsi Garcia, 2003* Epitonium juanitae Garcia, 2003 Epitonium maestratii Garcia 2003* Gregorioiscala barazeri Garcia, 2004a* Gregorioiscala burcheri (DuShane, 1988) Gregorioiscala levismaculosa Garcia, 2004a* Gregorioiscala nierstraszi (Schepman, 1909) Gyroscala mikeleei Garcia, 2003 Opalia crassilabrum (Sowerby, 1844) Opalia megalodon Garcia, 2004a* Opalia neocaledonica Garcia, 2004a* Opalia sumatrensis (Thiele, 1925) Opalia thorsenae Garcia, 2004a* Opalia velumnuptialis Garcia, 2004a* Opalia wareni Garcia, 2004a* Periapta weili Garcia, 2003* EULIMIDAE Trochostilifer mortenseni Warén, 1980* BUCCINIDAE Belomitra pacifica (Dall, 1908) Cancellopollia gracilis Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998* Cancellopollia ustulata Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998* Cantharus septemcostatus Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998* Euthria cummulata Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Euthria philpoppei Fraussen, 2002* Euthria septa Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Euthria solifer Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Nassaria acuminata (Reeve, 1844) Nassaria solida Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 Nassaria spinigera (Hayashi & Habe, 1965) Phos alabastrum Fraussen, 2003* Phos boucheti Fraussen, 2003* Phos deforgesi Fraussen, 2003* Pollia pellita Vermeij & Bouchet 1998* Serratifusus excelens Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Serratifusus harasewychi Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Serratifusus lineatus Harasewych, 1991* Serratifusus sitanius Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003* Serratifusus virginiae Harasewych, 1991* Siphonofusus vicdani Kosuge, 1992 FASCIOLARIIDAE Amiantofusus candoris Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007* Amiantofusus maestratii Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007* Amiantofusus pacificus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007* Amiantofusus sebalis Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007* Fusinus alcyoneum Hadorn & Fraussen, 2006* Fusinus alisae Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003* Fusinus artutus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003 Fusinus cadus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003* Fusinus chrysodomoides (Schepman, 1911) Fusinus colus (Linné, 1798) Fusinus laviniae Snyder & Hadorn, 2006* Fusinus nobilis (Reeve, 1847) Fusinus riscus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003* Fusinus salisburyi Fulton, 1930 Fusinus scissus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003* Fusinus similis (Baird, 1873) Fusinus thermariensis Hadorn & Fraussen, 2006* Fusinus wareni Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003* Fusolatirus balicasagensis (Bozzetti, 1997) Fusolatirus luteus Snyder & Bouchet, 2006* Fusolatirus pachyus Snyder & Bouchet, 2006* Fusolatirus rikae (Fraussen, 2003) Granulifusus bacciballus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005* Granulifusus balbus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005* Granulifusus benjamini Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005* Granulifusus geometricus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005 Granulifusus kiranus Shuto, 1958 Granulifusus libratus (Watson, 1886) Granulifusus staminatus (Garrard, 1966) NASSARIIDAE Cyllene fuscata A. Adams, 1851 Cyllene pulchella Adams & Reeve, 1850 Nassarius acuminatus (Marrat, 1880) Nassarius arcus Cernohorsky, 1991* Nassarius babylonicus (Watson, 1882) Nassarius boucheti Kool, 2004a* Nassarius crebricostatus (Schepman, 1911) Nassarius euglyptus (Sowerby, 1914) Nassarius herosae Kool, 2005a* Nassarius himeroessa (Melvill & Standen, 1903) Nassarius macrocephalus (Schepman, 1911) Nassarius multipunctatus (Schepman, 1911) 27 28 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI Nassarius olomea Kay, 1979 Nassarius richeri Cernohorsky, 1992* Nassarius siquijorensis (Adams, 1852) Nassarius vanpeli Kool, 2005a* Nassarius vidalensis (Barnard, 1959) MURICIDAE Actinotrophon fragilis Houart, 1996* Apixystus leptos Houart, 1995b* Babelomurex armatus (G.B. Sowerby, 1912) Babelomurex couturieri (Jousseaume, 1898) Babelomurex diadema (A. Adams, 1854) Babelomurex fruticosus (Kosuge, 1979) Babelomurex glaber Kosuge, 1998 Babelomurex depressispiratus Oliverio, this volume* Babelomurex fusiformis (Martens, 1902) Babelomurex indicus (Smith, 1899) Babelomurex japonicus (Dunker, 1882) Babelomurex kawanishii (Kosuge, 1979) Babelomurex lischkeanus (Dunker, 1882) Babelomurex macrocephalus Oliverio, this volume* Babelomurex cf. mediopacificus (Kosuge, 1979) Babelomurex memimarumai Kosuge, 1985 Babelomurex miyokoae Kosuge, 1985 Babelomurex cf. nakamigawai (Kuroda, 1959) Babelomurex nakayasui (Shikama, 1970) Babelomurex natalabies Oliverio, this volume* Babelomurex neocaledonicus Kosuge & Oliverio, 2001* Babelomurex pallox Oliverio, this volume* Babelomurex princeps (Melvill, 1912) Babelomurex purpuraterminus (Kosuge, 1979) Babelomurex shingomarumai (Kosuge, 1981) Babelomurex spinosus (Hirase, 1908) Babelomurex tosanus (Hirase, 1908) Babelomurex cf. tuberosus (Kosuge, 1980) Babelomurex tumidus Kosuge, 1980 Babelomurex virginiae Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004* Babelomurex wormaldi (Powell, 1971) Babelomurex yamatoensis Kosuge, 1986 Bouchetia vaubanensis (Houart, 1986)* Chicomurex laciniatus (Sowerby, 1841) Chicoreus pliciferoides Kuroda, 1942 Chicoreus superbus (Sowerby, 1889) Chicoreus orchidiflorus (Shikama, 1973) Chicoreus boucheti Houart, 1983* Chicoreus paucifrondosus Houart, 1988* Chicoreus subpalmatus Houart, 1988* Conchatalos canalibrevis Houart, 1995b* Conchatalos lacrima (Houart, 1991a)* Conchatalos tirardi (Houart, 1991a)* Conchatalos vaubani Houart, 1995b* Coralliophila bathus Oliverio, this volume* Coralliophila cancellarioidea Oliverio, this volume* Coralliophila carnosa Kosuge, 1986 Coralliophila fimbriata (A. Adams, 1854) Coralliophia cf. fritschi (Martens, 1874) Coralliophila inflata (Dunker in Philippi, 1847) Coralliophila mitraeforma Kosuge, 1985 Coralliophila nodosa (A. Adams, 1854) Coralliophila norfolk Oliverio, this volume* Coralliophila nukuhiva Oliverio, 2008 Coralliophila cf. ovoidea (Kosuge, 1985) Coralliophila pulchella (A. Adams, 1854) Coralliophila rhomboidea Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004* Coralliophila roseocephala Kosuge, 1986 Coralliophila solutistoma Kuroda & Shikama in Shikama, 1966 Cytharomorula danigoi Houart, 1995a* Cytharomorula grayi (Dall, 1889) Cytharomorula pinguis Houart, 1995a* Cytharomorula vexillum Kuroda, 1953 Daphnellopsis fimbriata (Hinds, 1843) Dermomurex wareni Houart, 1990b* Favartia leonae D’Attilio & Myers, 1985 Haustellum dentifer coriolis Houart, 1990b* Hirtomurex filiaregis (Kurohara, 1959) Hirtomurex cf. isshikiensis (Shikama, 1971) Hirtomurex kawamurai (Shikama, 1978) Hirtomurex marshalli Oliverio, this volume* Hirtomurex teramachii (Kuroda, 1959) Ingensia brithys Houart, 2001* Ingensia ingens (Houart, 1987)* Latiaxis hayashii Shikama, 1966 Latiaxis pilsbryi Hirase, 1908 Leptotrophon acerapex (Houart, 1986)* Leptotrophon alis Houart, 2001* Leptotrophon bernadettae Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon biocalae Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon caledonicus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon caroae Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon charcoti Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon chlidanos Houart, 2001* Leptotrophon coralensis Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon coriolis Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon inaequalis Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon levii Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon lineorugosus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon marshalli Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon metivieri Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon minispinosus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon musorstomae Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon perclarus Houart, 2001* Leptotrophon protocarinatus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon richeri Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon rigidus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon spinacutus (Houart, 1986)* Leptotrophon surprisensis Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon turritellatus Houart, 1995b* Leptotrophon virginiae Houart, 1995b* Lindapterys murex (Hedley), 1922 Litozamia tropis Houart, 1995b* Mipus alis Oliverio, this volume Mipus coriolisi Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004* Mipus mamimarumai (Kosuge, 1981) Mipus matsumotoi Kosuge, 1985 Mipus sugitanii Kosuge, 1985 Mipus tonganus Oliverio, this volume Mipus tortuosus (Azuma, 1961) Murex protocrassus Houart, 1990b* Muricopsis bargibanti Houart, 1991a* Muricopsis charcoti Houart, 1991a* Muricopsis metivieri Houart, 1988* Orania pacifica (Nakayama, 1988) Pagodula multigrada (Houart, 1990a)* Pagodula obtuselirata (Schepman, 1911) Pagodula procera Houart, 2001* Pazinotus oliverae (Kosuge, 1984) Pazinotus sibogae (Schepman, 1911) Pazinotus spectabilis Houart, 1991a* Ponderia caledonica Houart, 1988* Ponderia elephantina Houart, 1990a* Ponderia magna Houart, 1988* Pterynotus crauroptera Houart, 1991a* Pterynotus fulgens Houart, 1988* Pterynotus levii Houart, 1988* Pterynotus richeri Houart, 1987* Pterynotus rubidus Houart, 2001* Pterynotus stenostoma Houart, 1991a* Pygmaepterys menoui Houart, 1990a* Rhizochilus cf. antipathum Steenstrup, 1850 Siphonochelus angustus Houart, 1991b* Siphonochelus boucheti Houart, 1991b* Siphonochelus lozoueti Houart, 1991a* Siphonochelus pavlova (Iredale, 1936) Siphonochelus saltantis Houart, 1991b* Siphonochelus tillierae Houart, 1986* Siphonochelus unicornis Houart, 1991b* Siphonochelus undulatus Houart, 1991b* Trophonopsis minirotundus Houart, 1986* Trophonopsis plicilaminatus (Verco, 1909) Typhis imperialis Keen & Campbell, 1964 Typhis insolitus Houart, 1991a* Typhis virginiae Houart, 1986* Xastilia kosugei Bouchet & Houart, 1994* COSTELLARIIDAE Austromitra cernohorskyi Turner, 2008* Vexillum obeliscus (Reeve, 1844) Vexillum radix (Sowerby, 1874) Vexillum sculptile (Reeve, 1845) CYSTISCIDAE Persicula quemeneri Cossignani, 2001* HARPIDAE Morum bruuni (Powell, 1958) Morum teramachii Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 Morum uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 MARGINELLIDAE Alaginella cottoni Boyer, 2001* Dentimargo alisae Boyer, 2001* Dentimargo biocal Boyer, 2002* Dentimargo cingulatus Boyer, 2002* Dentimargo grandidietti Cossignani, 2001* Dentimargo guionneti Cossignani, 2001* Dentimargo spongiarum Boyer, 2001* Dentimargo stylaster Boyer, 2001* Dentimargo tropicensis Boyer, 2002* Dentimargo virginiae Boyer, 2001* Gibberula nebulosa Boyer, 2002* Haloginella boucheti Boyer, 2001* Hydroginella gemella Boyer, 2001* Hydroginella richeri Boyer, 2001* Hydroginella tuii Cossignani, 2001* Protoginella caledonica Boyer, 2001* Protoginella laseroni Boyer, 2001* Protoginella maestratii Boyer, 2002* Prunum caledonicum Cossignani, 2001* Serrata amphora Boyer, this volume* Serrata arcuata Boyer, this volume* Serrata aureosa Boyer, this volume* Serrata bathusi Boyer, this volume* Serrata carinata Boyer, this volume* Serrata coriolis Boyer, this volume* Serrata cylindrata Boyer, this volume* Serrata dentata Boyer, this volume* Serrata exquisita Boyer, this volume* Serrata fusulina Boyer, this volume* Serrata gradata Boyer, this volume* Serrata granum Boyer, this volume* A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION Serrata hians Boyer, this volume* Serrata inflata Boyer, this volume* Serrata laevis Boyer, this volume* Serrata lifouana Boyer, this volume* Serrata magna Boyer, this volume* Serrata minima Boyer, this volume* Serrata occidentalis Boyer, this volume* Serrata orientalis Boyer, this volume* Serrata ovata Boyer, this volume* Serrata perlucida Boyer, this volume* Serrata procera Boyer, this volume* Serrata pupoides Boyer, this volume* Serrata quadrifasciata Boyer, this volume* Serrata robusta Boyer, this volume* Serrata simplex Boyer, this volume* Serrata sinuosa Boyer, this volume* Serrata summa Boyer, this volume* Serrata tenuis Boyer, this volume* Serrata veneria Boyer, this volume* Serrataginella beatrix Cossignani, 2001* MITRIDAE Cancilla abyssicola (Schepman, 1911) Eumitra apheles Lozouet, 1991* Eumitra caledonica Lozouet, 1991* Eumitra imbricata Lozouet, 1991* Eumitra richeri Lozouet, 1991* Mitra deprofundis Turner, 2001* Mitra pele Cernohorsky, 1970 TURBINELLIDAE Ceratoxancus basileus Kantor & Bouchet, 1997* Ceratoxancus elongatus Sakurai, 1958 Ceratoxancus leios Kantor & Bouchet, 1997* Ceratoxancus melichrous Kantor & Bouchet, 1997* Ceratoxancus niveus Kantor & Bouchet, 1997* Ceratoxancus teramachii Kuroda, 1952 Coluzea faceta Harasewych, 1991* Exilia graphiduloides Kantor & Bouchet, 2001* Exilia hilgendorfi (Martens, 1897) Exilia vagrans Kantor & Bouchet, 2001 Fustifusus pinicola (Darragh, 1987) Latiromitra paiciorum Bouchet & Kantor, 2000b* VOLUTIDAE Alcithoe aillaudorum Bouchet & Poppe, 1988* Calliotectum egregium Bouchet & Poppe, 1995* Calliotectum piersonorum Bouchet & Poppe, 1995* Calliotectum tibiaeforme (Kuroda, 1931) Cymbiolacca thatcheri (McCoy, 1868) Lyria exorata Bouchet & Poppe, 1988* Lyria grandidieri Bail, 2002* Lyria guionneti Poppe & Conde, 2001* Lyria habei Okutani, 1979 Lyria kuniene Bouchet, 1979* Lyria planicostata (Sowerby, 1903) Lyria poppei Bail, 2002* VOLUTOMITRIDAE Microvoluta amphissa Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta cryptomitra Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta cythara Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta dolichura Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta echinata Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta engonia Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta joloensis Cernohorsky, 1970 Microvoluta mitrella Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Microvoluta respergens Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* Volutomitra glabella Bouchet & Kantor, 2000a* Volutomitra vaubani Cernohorsky, 1982* Volutomitra ziczac Bouchet & Kantor, 2004* OLIVIDAE Amalda allaryi Bozzetti, 2007* Amalda aureomarginata Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988* Amalda bellonarum Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988* Amalda coriolis Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988* Amalda fuscolingua Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988* Amalda hilgendorfi richeri Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988* Amalda maritzae Bozzetti, 2007* Amalda montrouzieri (Souverbie, 1860) Belloliva alaos Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Belloliva apoma Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Belloliva dorcas Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Belloliva ellenae Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Belloliva exquisita (Angas, 2007) Belloliva iota Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Belloliva obeon Kantor & bouchet, 2007* Belloliva simplex (Pease, 1868) Calyptoliva amblys Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Calyptoliva bolis Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Calyptoliva tatyanae Kantor & Bouchet, 2007* Entomoliva mirabilis Bouchet & Kilburn, 1991* Entomoliva incisa Bouchet & Kilburn, 1991* PSEUDOLIVIDAE Benthobia tornatilis Simone, 2003* Fusulculus albus Bouchet & Vermeij, 1998* Fusulculus crenatus Bouchet & Vermeij, 1998* CONIDAE Conus aphrodite Petuch, 1979 Conus armadillo Shikama, 1971 Conus alisi Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995* Conus baileyi Röckel & da Motta, 1979 Conus boholensis Petuch, 1979 Conus boucheti Richard, 1983* Conus bruuni Powell, 1958 Conus capitanellus Fulton, 1938 Conus cervus Lamarck, 1822 Conus chiangi (Azuma, 1972) Conus comatosa Pilsbry, 1904 Conus darkini Röckel & Richard, 1993* Conus dusaveli (H. Adams, 1872) Conus estivali Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995* Conus excelsus Sowerby III, 1908 Conus gondwanensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995* Conus howelli Iredale, 1929 Conus ichinoseana (Kuroda, 1956) Conus ione Fulton, 1938 Conus kanakinus Richard, 1983* Conus kimioi (Habe, 1965) Conus kuroharai (Habe, 1965) Conus lani Crandall, 1979 Conus loyaltiensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995* Conus luciae Moolenbeek, 1986* Conus orbignyi coriolisi Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995* Conus pagodus Kiener, 1845 Conus pergrandis (Iredale, 1937) Conus plinthis Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988* Conus polongimarumai Kosuge, 1980 Conus profundorum (Kuroda, 1956) Conus raoulensis Powell, 1958 Conus richeri Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988* Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder, 1943 Conus stupa (Kuroda, 1956) Conus sugimotonis Kuroda, 1928 Conus teramachii (Kuroda, 1956) Conus tribblei queenslandis Da Motta, 1984 Conus vaubani Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995* TEREBRIDAE Duplicaria teramachii Burch, 1965 Terebra alisi Aubry, 1999 Terebra campbelli Burch, 1965 Terebra coriolisi Aubry, 1999* Terebra exiguoides Schepman, 1913 Terebra jungi Lai, 2001 Terebra lima Deshayes, 1857 Terebra noumeaensis Aubry, 1999* Terebra orientalis Aubry, 1999* Terebra pretiosa Reeve, 1842 Terebra textilis Hinds, 1844 Terebra vaubani Aubry, 1999* “TURRIDAE” s. l. Bathytoma atractoides (Watson, 1881) Bathytoma colorata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 Benthofascis lozoueti Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Buccinaria pygmaea Bouchet & Sysoev, 1997* Cochlespira simillima Powell, 1969 Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961) Comitas pachycercus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Daphnella cladara Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Daphnella itonis Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Daphnella pulviscula Chino, 2006 Drillia poecila Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Funa hadra Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Gemmuloborsonia jarrigei Sysoev & Bouchet, 1996 Gemmuloborsonia neocaledonica Sysoev & Bouchet, 1996* Glyphostoma rostrata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Gymnobela eridmata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Gymnobela procera Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913) Gymnobela yoshidai (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) Horaiclavus anaimus Sysoev in Fedosov & Kantor, 2008* Horaiclavus phaeocercus Sysoev in Fedosov & Kantor, 2008* Inquisitor hormophorus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Leiosyrinx immedicata Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001* Leiosyrinx liphaima Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001* Lusitanops dictyota Sysoev, 1997 Plagiostropha caledoniensis Wells, 1995* Plagiostropha hexagona Wells, 1995* Rocroithys perissus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Spergo aithorrhis Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* Spergo fusiformis (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) Splendrillia angularia Wells, 1995* Splendrillia boucheti Wells, 1995* Splendrillia brycei Wells, 1995* Splendrillia carolae Wells, 1995* Splendrillia elongata Wells, 1995* Splendrillia globosa Wells, 1995* Splendrillia houbricki Wells, 1995 Splendrillia intermedia Wells, 1995 Splendrillia persica (Smith, 1888) Splendrillia problematica Wells, 1995* Splendrillia solicitata (Sowerby, 1913) Splendrillia striata Wells, 1995* Splendrillia taylori Wells, 1995* 29 30 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI Splendrillia triconica Wells, 1995* Splendrillia wayae Wells, 1995* Teretiopsis hyalina Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 Typhlosyrinx neocaledoniensis Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001* Zemacies excelsa Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001* CANCELLARIIDAE Admetula emarginata Bouchet & Petit, 2008* Africotriton adelphum Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Fusiaphera macrospira (Adams & Reeve, 1850) Merica marisca Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Mirandaphera cayrei Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Mirandaphera maestratii Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Nipponaphera argo Bouchet & Petit, 2008* Nipponaphera cyphoma Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Nipponaphera goniata Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Nipponaphera nodosivaricosa (Petuch, 1979) Nipponaphera pardalis Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Sveltia rocroii Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Sveltia splendidula Bouchet & Petit, 2002* Trigonostoma thysthlon Petit & Harasewych, 1987 Trigonostoma tryblium Bouchet & Petit, 2008 Zeadmete bathyomon Bouchet & Petit, 2008* Zeadmete bilix Bouchet & Petit 2008* ACTEONIDAE “Acteon” aphyodes Valdés, this volume “Acteon” boteroi Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” buccinus Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” chauliodous Valdés, this volume* Acteon chrystomatus Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” cohibilis Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” comptus Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” editus Valdés, this volume “Acteon” fortis Thiele, 1925 “Acteon” herosae Valdés, this volume* Acteon ionfasciatus Valdés, this volume “Acteon” laetus Thiele, 1925 “Acteon” loyautensis Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” osexiguus Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” profundus Valdés, this volume* “Acteon” rhektos Valdés, this volume “Acteon” ringiculoides Valdés, this volume* Bathyacteon aequatorialis (Thiele, 1925) Crenilabium pacificus Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 Japonacteon sieboldii (Reeve, 1842) Obrussena bracteata (Iredale, 1925) Rictaxis sanguinea Valdés, this volume BULLINIDAE Bullina rubropunctata Valdés, this volume ARCHITECTONICIDAE Pseudomalaxis cornuammonis (Melvill & Standen, 1903) Pseudomalaxis zanclaeus meridionalis (Hedley, 1903) Spirolaxis rotulacatharinae (Melvill & Standen, 1903) MATHILDIDAE Mathilda boucheti Bieler, 1995* Mathilda decorata Hedley, 1903 Mathilda fusca (Okutani & Habe, 1981) Mathilda cf. hendersoni Dall, 1927 Mathilda houbricki Bieler, 1995* Mathilda maculosa Bieler, 1995* Mathilda maoria (Powell, 1940) Mathilda richeri Bieler, 1995* Mathilda salve Barnard, 1963 Mathilda cf. sansibarica Thiele, 1925 Tuba fuscocincta Bieler, 1995* Tuba valkyrie (Powell, 1971) BATHYDORIDIDAE Bathydoris spiralis Valdés, 2002* DIAPHANIDAE Toledonia epongensis Valdés, this volume* Toledonia neocaledonica Valdés, this volume* DORIDIDAE Austrodoris caeca Valdés, 2001* Austrodoris kerguelenensis (Bergh, 1884) Austrodoris laboutei Valdés, 2001* Pharodoris diaphora Valdés, 2001* HAMINOEIDAE Micratys wareni Valdés, this volume* CHROMODORIDIDAE Cadlina abyssicola Valdés, 2001* PHILINIDAE Philine babai Valdés, this volume Philine cumingii (A. Adams, 1862) Philine habei Valdés, this volume DISCODORIDIDAE Atagema boucheti Valdés & Gosliner, 2001* Baptodoris phinei Valdés, 2001* Diaulula immaculata Valdés, 2001* Discodoris achroma Valdés, 2001* Gargamella wareni Valdés & Gosliner, 2001* Geitodoris pallida Valdés, 2001* Halgerda azteca Fahey & Gosliner, 2000* Halgerda fibra Fahey & Gosliner, 2000* Nophodoris armata Valdés & Gosliner, 2001* Nophodoris infernalis Valdés & Gosliner, 2001* Paradoris araneosa Valdés, 2001* Paradoris imperfecta Valdés, 2001* Rostanga ankyra Valdés, 2001* Sclerodoris virgulata Valdés, 2001* AGLAJIDAE Philinopsis cyanea (Martens, 1879) CYLICHNIDAE Acteocina gracilis (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) Acteocina voluta (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) Cylichna biplicata (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) Cylichna consobrinoides Kuroda & Habe, 1952 Cylichna grovesi Valdés, this volume* Cylichna involuta (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) Cylichna cf. protracta Gould, 1859 Cylichna tanyumphalos Valdés, this volume* Cylichnium ancillarioides (Schepman, 1913) Cylichnium mucronatum Valdés, this volume Cylichnium nanum Valdés, this volume Roxania pacifica (Habe, 1955) Roxania punctulata A. Adams, 1862 Roxania smithae Valdés, this volume Sabatia nivea (Watson, 1883) Sabatia pustulosa Dall, 1895 Sabatia pyriformis Valdés, this volume* Scaphander japonicus A. Adams, 1862 Scaphander mundus Watson, 1883 Truncacteocina arata (Watson, 1883) GASTROPTERIDAE Gastropteron sibogae Bergh, 1905 RETUSIDAE Pyrunculus pyriformis (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) Relichna hadra Valdés, this volume* Relichna pachys (Watson, 1883) Relichna sumatrana (Thiele, 1925) Relichna truncatula (Schepman, 1913) Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862) Retusa abyssicola Valdés, this volume* Retusa crispula (Watson, 1883) Retusa famelica Watson, 1883 Retusa insolita Valdés, this volume* Retusa lenis Valdés, this volume* Retusa sulcata (Watson, 1883) Retusa trunca Valdés, this volume* Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899 Volvulella fortis (Thiele, 1925) Volvulella multistriata Valdés, this volume* Volvulella onoae Valdés, this volume* PLEUROBRANCHIDAE Pleurobranchaea catherinae Dayrat, 2001* PHYLLIDIIDAE Phyllidia orstomi Valdés, 2001* Phyllidia scottjohnsoni Brunckhorst, 1993 Phyllidiella pustulosa (Cuvier, 1804) Phyllidiopsis anomala Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis brunckhorsti Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis circularis Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis holothuriana Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis lozoueti Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis macrotuberculata Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis neocaledonica Valdés, 2001* Phyllidiopsis richeri Valdés, 2001* DENDRODORIDIDAE Dendrodoris brodieae Valdés, 2001* Dendrodoris orbicularis Valdés, 2001* SCAPHOPODA DENTALIIDAE Antalis albatrossae Scarabino, this volume* Antalis alis Scarabino, this volume* Antalis boissevainae Palmer, 1974 Antalis boucheti Scarabino, 1995* Antalis gardineri (Melvill, 1909) Antalis maestratii Scarabino, this volume Antalis usitatum (Smith, 1894) Antalis tibanum (Nomura, 1940) Coccodentalium gemmiparum (Melvill, 1909) Compressidentalium ceciliae Scarabino, 1995* Compressidentalium clathratum (Martens, 1881) Compressidentalium compressiusculum (Boissevain, 1906) Compressidentalium harasewychi Scarabino, this volume* Compressidentalium legoffi Scarabino, this volume* Compressidentalium subcurvatum (Smith, 1906) Dentalium caledonicum Scarabino, 1995* A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION Dentalium crosnieri Scarabino, 1995* Dentalium debitusae Scarabino, this volume* Dentalium deforgesi Scarabino, 1995* Dentalium malekulensis Scarabino, this volume Dentalium oryx Boissevain, 1906 Dentalium pluricostatum Boissevain, 1906 Dentalium poindimiensis Scarabino, this volume* Dentalium scarabinoi Steiner & Kabat, 2004 [= D. flavum Scarabino, 1995 non Henderson, 1920]* Paradentalium kabati Scarabino, this volume Fissidentalium cornubovis (Smith, 1906) Fissidentalium levii Scarabino, 1995* Fissidentalium magnificum (Smith, 1896) Fissidentalium malayanum (Boissevain, 1906) Fissidentalium profundorum (Smith, 1894) Fissidentalium transversostriatum (Boissevain, 1906) Fissidentalium waterhousae Lamprell & Healy, 1998 Graptacme acutissima (Watson, 1879 Plagioglypta pertracheata (Plate, 1908) Striodentalium kanakorum Scarabino, 1995* Striodentalium rhabdotum (Pilsbry, 1905) Striodentalium thetidis (Hedley, 1903) CALLIODENTALIIDAE Calliodentalium balanoides (Plate, 1908) Calliodentalium crocinum (Dall, 1907) FUSTIARIIDAE Fustiaria caesura (Colman, 1958) Fustiaria langfordi (Habe, 1963) Fustiaria mariae Scarabino, this volume* Fustiaria steineri Scarabino, this volume* Fustiaria vagina Scarabino, 1995* GADILINIDAE Episiphon virginieae Scarabino, 1995* Gadilina insolita (Smith, 1894) Gadilina pachypleura (Boissevain, 1906) LAEVIDENTALIIDAE Laevidentalium coruscum (Pilsbry, 1905) Laevidentalium gofasi Scarabino, 1995* Laevidentalium houbricki Scarabino, 1995* Laevidentalium leptosceles (Watson, 1879) Laevidentalium(?) sominium Okutani, 1964 ENTALINIDAE Bathoxiphus inexpectatus Scarabino, 1995* Bathoxiphus soyomaruae Okutani, 1964 Entalina dorsicosta Lamprell & Healy, 1998 Entalinopsis micra Scarabino, 1995* Entalinopsis stellata Scarabino, 1995* Pertusiconcha tridentata Chistikov, 1982 Rhomboxiphus colmani (Palmer, 1974) Rhomboxiphus tricarinatus (Boissevain, 1906) Solenoxiphus striatulus Chistikov, 1983 Spadentalina ingrata Scarabino, 1995* PULSELLIDAE Scarabino, 1982 Pulsellum stoliczkai Scarabino, this volume* Pulsellum thomassini Scarabino, 1995* Striopulsellum minimum (Plate, 1908) GADILIDAE Stoliczka, 1868 Bathycadulus fabrizioi Scarabino, 1995* Cadulus aequatorialis Jaeckel, 1932 Cadulus deschampsi Scarabino, this volume* Cadulus deverdensis Scarabino, this volume* Cadulus glans Scarabino, 1995* Cadulus lemniscoides Scarabino, this volume Cadulus loyaltyensis Scarabino, this volume* Cadulus rocroii Scarabino, this volume* Cadulus scarabinoi Steiner & Kabat, 2004 [= D. martini Scarabino, 1995 non Finlay, 1927]* Cadulus simillimus Watson, 1879 Cadulus sofiae Scarabino, 1995* Compressidens(?) caecum Scarabino, this volume* Compressidens hienghenensis Scarabino, this volume* Dischides celeciai Scarabino, this volume* Dischides prionotus (Watson, 1879) Gadila delphinae Scarabino, this volume* Gadila desaintlaurentae Scarabino, 1995* Gadila doumenci Scarabino, 1995* Gadila elenae Scarabino, 1995* Gadila hysteraulax Scarabino, this volume* Gadila lozoueti Scarabino, this volume* Gadila monodonta Scarabino, 1995* Gadila vanuatuensis Scarabino, this volume Gadila virginalis (Boissevain, 1906) Megaentalina mediocarinata (Boissevain, 1906) Siphonodentalium colubridens (Watson, 1879) Siphonodentalium hexaschistum (Boissevain, 1906) Siphonodentalium magnum (Boissevain, 1906) POLYPLACOPHORA FERREIRAELLIDAE Ferreiraella plana (Nierstrasz, 1905) LEPTOCHITONIDAE Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 Leptochiton perscitus Kaas, 1991* Leptochiton saitoi Sirenko, 2001* Leptochiton vanbellei Sirenko, 2001* Leptochiton vaubani Kaas, 1991* ISCHNOCHITONIDAE Connexochiton discernibilis Kaas, 1991* Ischnochiton crassus Kaas, 1985 Ischnochiton delicatus Kaas, 1991* Ischnochiton robustus Kaas, 1991* LORICIDAE Loricella dellangeloi Sirenko, this volume* Loricella eernissei Sirenko, this volume* Loricella profundior (Dell, 1956) Loricella vanbellei Sirenko, this volume* Leptochiton vietnamensis Sirenko, 1998 CALLOCHITONIDAE Vermichiton vermiculus Kaas, 1991* CHITONIDAE Tegulaplax pulchra Kaas, 1991* ACANTHOCHITONIDAE Craspedochiton hystricosus Kaas, 1991* Notoplax richeri Kaas, 1990* BIVALVIA NUCULIDAE Leionucula strangei (Adams, 1856) Nucula kanaka Bergmans, 1991* Nucula libera Bergmans, 1991* Nucula nitidulaformis Powell, 1971 Nucula oppressa Bergmans, 1991* LIMIDAE Acesta saginata Marshall, 2001* PECTINIDAE Cryptopecten bullatus (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912) Cryptopecten nux (Reeve, 1853) Delectopecten alcocki (E. A. Smith, 1904) Delectopecten fluctuatus (Bavay, 1905) Delectopecten musorstomi Poutiers, 1981* Hyalopecten mireilleae Dijkstra, 1995* Laevichlamys deliciosa (Iredale, 1939) Laevichlamys kauaiensis Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 Mirapecten rastellum (Lamarck, 1819) Pseudohinnites levii Dijkstra, 1989* Veprichlamys kiwaensis Powell, 1933 ENTOLIIDAE Pectinella aequoris Dijkstra, 1991* PROPEAMUSSIIDAE Cyclochlamys favus (Hedley, 1902) Cyclopecten horridus Dijkstra, 1995* Cyclopecten pellucidulus Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium cristatellum (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912) Parvamussium multiliratum Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium retiaculum Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium retiolum Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium scitulum (E. A. Smith, 1885) Parvamussium squalidulum Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium texturatum (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912) Parvamussium thetidis (Hedley, 1902) Parvamussium torresi (E. A. Smith, 1885) Parvamussium undisonum Dijkstra, 1995* Parvamussium vesiculatum Dijkstra, 1995* Propeamussium alcocki (E. A. Smith, 1894) Propeamussium andamanicum (E. A. Smith, 1894) Propeamussium caducum (E. A. Smith, 1885) Propeamussium investigatoris (E. A. Smith, 1906) Propeamussium maorium (Dell, 1956) Propeamussium meridionale (E. A. Smith, 1885) Propeamussium richeri Dijkstra, 2001* Propeamussium rubrotinctum (Oyama, 1951) Propeamussium sibogai (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1904) Propeamussium siratama (Oyama, 1951) Propeamussium watsoni (E. A. Smith, 1885) SPONDYLIDAE Spondylus depressus Fulton, 1915 Spondylus erectospinosus Habe, 1973 Spondylus exiguus Lamprell & Healy, 2001* Spondylus mireilleae Lamprell & Healy, 2001* Spondylus orstomi Lamprell & Healy, 2001* Spondylus occidens Sowerby, 1903 Spondylus proneri Lamprell & Healy, 2001* Spondylus tenuitas Garrard, 1966 31 32 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI VERTICORDIIDAE Haliris multicostata (A. Adams, 1862) Haliris teporis Poutiers & Bernard, 1995* Spinosipella costeminens (Poutiers, 1981) Spinosipella deshayesiana (P. Fischer, 1862) EUCIROIDAE Euciroa eburnea (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891) Euciroa trapeza Poutiers, 1982* POROMYIDAE Cetoconcha japonica Habe, 1952 Cetomya bacata Krylova, 2001* Cetomya butoni (Prashad, 1932) Cetomya celsa Krylova, 2001* Cetomya nataliae Krylova, 2001* Cetomya poutiersi Krylova, 2001* Cetomya voskresenskii Krylova, 2001* Poromya australis E. A. Smith, 1885 CUSPIDARIIDAE Cuspidaria morrisae Poutiers & Bernard, 1995* Cuspidaria clathrata Poutiers & Bernard, 1995* Myonera caduca (E .A. Smith, 1894) LUCINIDAE Anodontia watsoni (Smith, 1885) Cardiolucina civica (Yokohama, 1927) Cardiolucina undula Glover & Taylor, 2007* Ferrocina multiradiata Glover & Taylor, 2007* Liralucina vaubani Glover & Taylor, 2007* Myrtina leptolira Glover & Taylor, 2007* Myrtina porcata Glover & Taylor, 2007* Notomyrtea vincentiae Glover & Taylor, 2007* CHAMIDAE Chama oomedusae Matsukuma, 1996* TRAPEZIDAE Glossocardia stoliczkana (Prashad, 1932) GLOSSIDAE Meiocardia hawaiana Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 CARDIIDAE Acrosterigma profundum Vidal, 1999* Acrosterigma selene Vidal, 1999* Frigidocardium valdentatum Poutiers, 2006* Microcardium trapezoidale Poutiers, 2006* CEPHALOPODA NAUTILIDAE Nautilus macromphalus Sowerby, 1849 OCTOPODIDAE Galeoctopus lateralis Norman, Boucher & Hochberg, 2004 Microeledone mangoldi Norman, Hochberg & Boucher-Rodoni, 2004* Scaeurgus jumeau Hochberg & Boucher-Rodoni, 2005* Scaeurgus nesisi Hochberg & Boucher-Rodoni, 2005* ScaeurgustuberNorman,Hochberg&Boucher-Rodoni,2005* Thaumoctopus mimicus Norman & Hochberg, 2005* A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION 33 APPENDIX 3. New species of molluscs described from South Pacific island groups (other than New Caledonia), based on the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos expeditions material. For references, see Appendix 4. PLEUROTOMARIIDAE Bayerotrochus poppei Anseeuw, 2003 .................................................... Tonga ANATOMIDAE Sasakiconcha elegantissima Geiger, 2006 ................................................ Tonga CHILODONTIDAE Calliotropis asphales Vilvens, 2007 ..................................................... Solomon Calliotropis basileus Vilvens, 2004 ................................................................. Fiji Calliotropis conoeides Vilvens, 2007 ................................................... Solomon Calliotropis cooperculum Vilvens, 2007 ......................................................... Fiji Calliotropis coopertorium Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................ Fiji Calliotropis cycloeides Vilvens, 2007 .............................................................. Fiji Calliotropis derbiosa Vilvens, 2004 ...................................................... Vanuatu Calliotropis dicrous Vilvens, 2007 ....................................................... Solomon Calliotropis echidnoides Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................... Fiji Calliotropis excelsior Vilvens, 2004 ................................................................ Fiji Calliotropis keras Vilvens, 2007 ..................................................................... Fiji Calliotropis nomismasimilis Vilvens, 2007 ........................................... Solomon Calliotropis nux Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................ Solomon Calliotropis oregmene Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................. Fiji Calliotropis oros oros Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................... Fiji Calliotropis oros marquisensis Vilvens, 2007 .................................... Marquesas Calliotropis ostrideslithos Vilvens, 2007 .............................................. Solomon Calliotropis pheidole Vilvens, 2007 ................................................................ Fiji Calliotropis ptykte Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................. Tonga Calliotropis siphaios Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................... Tonga Calliotropis solomonensis Vilvens, 2007 ............................................. Solomon Calliotropis stegos Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................ Solomon Danilia discordata Vilvens & Héros, 2005 ............................................. Vanuatu CALLIOSTOMATIDAE Calliostoma arx Vilvens, 2005 .................................................................. Tonga Calliostoma chlorum Vilvens, 2005 ................................................................ Fiji Calliostoma metabolicum Vilvens, 2005 .............................................. Vanuatu Calliostoma strobilos Vilvens, 2005 ............................................................... Fiji Calliostoma xylocinnamomum Vilvens, 2005 ................................................. Fiji COLLONIIDAE Liotipoma wallisensis McLean & Kiel, 2007 .......................... Wallis and Futuna CYPRAEIDAE Nesiocypraea deforgesi Lorenz, 2002 ............................................................ Fiji Nesiocypraea langfordi cavatoensis Lorenz, 2002 ................................ Vanuatu OVULIDAE Lunovula cancellata Lorenz, 2007 ...................................................... Solomon PICKWORTHIIDAE Microliotia alvanioides Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003 ......................... Marquesas EPITONIIDAE Amaea boucheti Garcia, 2003 ......................................................... Marquesas Cirsotrema herosae Garcia, 2003 ............................................................ Tonga Epitonium juanitae Garcia, 2003 ................................................................... Fiji Gregorioiscala crosnieri Garcia, 2004 .................................................. Vanuatu Gregorioiscala xanthotaenia Garcia, 2004 ..................................................... Fiji Opalia dushaneae Garcia, 2004 .......................................................... Vanuatu FASCIOLARIIDAE Amiantofusus gloriabundus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007 ............ Vanuatu Granulifusus amoenus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005 ................................ Vanuatu Granulifusus geometricus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005 ................................ Tonga NASSARIIDAE Nassarius cernohorskyi Kool, 2005 .................................................. Marquesas Nassarius poupini Cernohorsky, 1992 ........................................ Society Islands Nassarius tangaroai Kool, 2006 ....................................................... Marquesas MURICIDAE Conchatalos spinula Houart & Héros, this volume .......................................... Fiji Coralliophila nukuhiva Oliverio, 2008 .............................................. Marquesas Coralliophila xenophila Oliverio, this volume ........................................ Vanuatu Favartia avatea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Australs Favartia nivea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 .................................................. Australs Favartia salvati Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Australs Mipus alis oliverio, this volume ................................................................ Tonga Mipus boucheti Oliverio, this volume ................................................... Vanuatu Mipus tonganus Oliverio, this volume ...................................................... Tonga Murexsul merlei Houart & Héros, this volume .......................................... Tonga Orania atea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Marquesas Orania maestratii Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ............................................ Australs Pagodula atanua Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ........................................ Marquesas Phyllocoma platyca Houart, 2001 ........................................ Wallis and Futuna Poirieria tanaoa Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 .......................................... Marquesas Poirieria tenuis Houart, 2001 ............................................... Wallis and Futuna Prototyphis gracilis Houart & Héros, this volume ............................................ Fiji Scabrotrophon inspiratum Houart, 2004 ............................................. Vanuatu Thais grossa Houart 2001 ................................................................... Vanuatu HARPIDAE Morum clatratum Bouchet, 2002 .................................................... Marquesas Morum roseum Bouchet, 2002 ....................................................... Marquesas MARGINELLIDAE Hydroginella angustata Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 .......................... Hydroginella bullata Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ............................... Hydroginella musorstomi Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ....................... Hydroginella rugosa Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ............................... Hydroginella unica Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ................................. Hydroginella vitiensis Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 .............................. Hydroginella wareni Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ............................... Fiji Fiji Fiji Fiji Fiji Fiji Fiji TURBINELLIDAE Exilia vagrans Kantor & Bouchet in Kantor, Bouchet & Oleinik, 2001 ... Vanuatu VOLUTIDAE Lyria boucheti Bail & Poppe, 2004 ................................................................. Fiji Lyria planicostata fijiensis Bail & Poppe, 2004 ................................................ Fiji Lyria planicostata grohi Bail & Poppe, 2004 ............................................. Tonga CANCELLARIIDAE Admetula affluens Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ........................................... Solomon Admetula bathynoma Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .......................................... Tonga Admetula lutea Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................................... Tonga Admetula marshalli Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ......................................... Solomon Nipponaphera agastor Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ..................................... Solomon Nipponaphera tuba Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .......................................... Vanuatu Trigonostoma tryblium Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................... Solomon Zeadmete physomon Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................................. Fiji TEREBRIDAE Terebra alisi Aubry, 1999 ..................................................................... Vanuatu TURRIDAE s l. Bathytoma colorata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ...................................... Vanuatu Gymnobela virgulata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ................................. Marquesas 34 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI Iotyrris marquesensis Sysoev, 2002 .................................................. Marquesas Rocroithys niveus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 .......................................... Vanuatu Teretiopsis hyalina Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ......................... Wallis and Futuna ACTEONIDAE Acteon aphyodes Valdés, this volume ............................................................ Fiji Acteon editus Valdés, this volume ................................................................. Fiji Acteon rhektos Valdés, this volume ......................................................... Tonga Rictaxis sanguinea Valdés, this volume .................................................... Tonga PHILINIDAE Philine abyssicola Valdés, this volume ............................................................ Fiji Philine babai Valdés, this volume ................................................................... Fiji Philine habei Valdés, this volume ................................................................... Fiji CYLICHNIDAE Acteocina lata Valdés, this volume ...................................................... Vanuatu Cylichnium nanum Valdés, this volume ................................................ Vanuatu RETUSIDAE Retusa diaphana Valdés, this volume ............................................................. Fiji DORIDIDAE Austrodoris caeca Valdés, 2001 ........................................... Wallis and Futuna Peltodoris lippa Valdés, 2001 .............................................................. Vanuatu PHYLLIDIIDAE Phyllidiopsis crucifera Valdés, 2001 ..................................... Wallis and Futuna Phyllidiopsis futunai Valdés, 2001 ........................................ Wallis and Futuna Phyllidiopsis vanuatuensis Valdés, 2001 ............................................... Vanuatu Parvamussium marquesanum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ....... Marquesas Parvamussium musorstomi Dijkstra, 2001 ........................... Wallis and Futuna Parvamussium polynesianum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ........ Marquesas Propeamussium boucheti Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ........................... Fiji Similipecten herosae Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ............................ Tonga POROMYIDAE Dilemma spectralis Leal, 2008 ............................................................. Vanuatu LUCINIDAE Alucinoma alis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ..................................... Solomon Discolucina solomonensis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ..................... Solomon Epidulcina delphinae Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ....................................... Fiji Taylorina solomonensis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ......................... Solomon Troendleina musculator Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ........................ Solomon CARDIIDAE Acrosterigma capricorne Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ............................... Australs Ctenocardia fijianum Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 .............................................. Fiji Fulvia colorata Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ............................................ Solomon Fulvia imperfecta Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ........................................ Solomon Pseudofulvia arago Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ....................................... Australs POLYPLACOPHORA FERREIRAELLIDAE Ferreiraella xylophaga karenae Sirenko, 2001 ...................................... Vanuatu DISCODORIDIDAE Halgerda abyssicola Fahey & Gosliner, 2000 ........................................ Vanuatu Halgerda orstomi Fahey & Gosliner, 2000 ............................................ Vanuatu LEPTOCHITONIDAE Leptochiton boucheti Sirenko, 2001 .................................................... Leptochiton deforgesi Sirenko, 2001 ................................................... Leptochiton thandari Sirenko, 2001 .................................................... Leptochiton vanbellei Sirenko, 2001 .................................................... SCAPHOPODA ISCHNOCHITONIDAE Stenosemus herosae Sirenko, this volume ........................... Wallis and Futuna DENTALIIDAE Antalis maestratii Scarabino, this volume ................................................. Tonga Dentalium malekulaensis Scarabino, this volume ................................. Vanuatu Gadila vanuatuensis Scarabino, this volume ........................................ Vanuatu Paradentalium kabati Scarabino, this volume ....................................... Vanuatu Vanuatu Vanuatu Vanuatu Vanuatu CEPHALOPODA SEPIIDAE Sepia subplana Lu & Boucher Rodoni, 2001 ........................ Wallis and Futuna GADILIDAE Cadulus lemniscoides Scarabino, this volume ...................................... Vanuatu SEPIOLIDAE Choneteuthis tongaensis Lu & Boucher-Rodoni, 2001 ............................. Tonga BIVALVIA OCTOPODIDAE Galeoctopus lateralis Norman, Boucher & Hochberg, 2004 ..................... Tonga PROPEAMUSSIIDAE Parvamussium biformatum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume .............. Solomon Parvamussium lozoueti Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ............................... Fiji A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION APPENDIX 4. References to taxonomical papers containing descriptions or records of mollusc species collected by the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme and satellite programmes. ANSEEUW P. & POPPE G. 2001. — Description of Perotrochus boucheti sp. nov. from the South Pacific (Gastropoda: Pleurotomariidae). Novapex 2 (4): 125-131. ANSEEUW P. 2003. — A new pleurotomariid (Gastropoda: Pleurotomoriidae) from Tonga Islands, South Pacific, Bayerotrochus poppei sp. nov. Novapex 4 (1): 11-16. AUBRY U. 1999. — Nuove Terebre e antichi versi. L’Informatore Piceno Ed., Ancona, 47 p. BAIL P. 2002. — Two new species of Lyria (Gastropoda: Volutidae) from New Caledonian waters. Novapex 3 (4): 133-137. BAIL P. & POPPE G. 2004. — The tribe Lyriini. A revision of the Recent species of the genera Lyria, Callipara, Harpulina, Enaeta and Leptoscapha, in POPPE G. & GROH K. (eds). A conchological iconography. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 93 p., 68 pls. BERGMANS W. 1991. — Archibenthal Nuculidae off New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 29-40. BEU A. C. 1998. — Indo-West Pacific Ranellidae, Bursidae and Personidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). A monograph of the New Caledonian fauna and revisions of related taxa. Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 19. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 178: 1-255. BEU A. G. & MAXWELL P. 1987. — A revision of the fossil and living gastropods related to Plesiotriton Fischer, 1884 (family Cancellariidae, subfamily Plesiotritoninae n. subfam.) with an appendix: genera of Buccinidae Pisaniinae related to Colubraria Schumacher, 1817. New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 54: 1-144. BIELER R. 1984. — Die Gattungen der Architectonicidae. Allgemeines und Teil 1: Pseudomalaxis. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 115: 53-103. BIELER R. 1993. — Architectonicidae of the Indo-Pacific. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 30: 1-376. BIELER R. 1995. — Mathildidae from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia), in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 595-641. BOUCHET P. 1979. — A new volute from the western Pacific. The Veliger 22 (1): 49-50. BOUCHET P. 1988. — A new cassid (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Coral Sea. Venus 47 (1): 11-14. BOUCHET P. 2002. — Protoconchs, dispersal, and tectonic plates biogeography: new Pacific species of Morum (Gastropoda: Harpidae). Journal of Conchology 37 (5): 533-549. BOUCHET P. & HOUART R. 1994. — A new coralliophilid-like muricid (Gastropoda, Muricidae) from the Coral Sea. Journal of Conchology 35: 131-135. BOUCHET P. & COSEL R. VON 2004. — The world’s largest lucinid is an undescribed species from Taiwan (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Zoological Studies 43 (4): 704-711. BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2000. — A new species of Volutomitra (Gastropoda: Volutomitridae) from New Caledonia. Venus 59 (3): 181-190. BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2000. — The anatomy and systematics of Latiromitra, a genus of tropical deep-water Ptychatractinae (Gastropoda: Turbinellidae). The Veliger 43 (1): 1-23. BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2004. — New Caledonia: the major centre of biodiversity for volutomitrid mollusks (Mollusca: Neogastropoda: Volutomitridae). Systematics and Biodiversity 1 (4): 467-502. BOUCHET P. & KILBURN R. 1991. — A new genus of Ancillinae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae) from New Caledonia, with the description of two new species. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle ser. 4, Section A, 12 (3-4) (1990): 531-539. BOUCHET P. & MÉTIVIER B. 1982. — Living Pleurotomariidae in the South Pacific. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 9: 309-318. BOUCHET P. & MÉTIVIER B. 1983. — The genus Bolma in the bathyal zone of New Caledonia, with description of a new species. Venus 42 (1): 8-12. BOUCHET P. & PETIT R. 2002. — New species of deep-water Cancellariidae (Gastropoda) from the southwest Pacific. The Nautilus 116 (3): 95-104. BOUCHET P. & PETIT R. 2008. — New species and new records of southwest Pacific Cancellariidae (Gastropoda). The Nautilus 122 (1): 1-18. BOUCHET P. & POPPE G. 1988. — Deep water volutes from the New Caledonian region, with a discussion on biogeography. Venus 47 (1): 15-32. BOUCHET P. & POPPE G. 1995. — A review of the deep-water volute genus Calliotectum (Gastropoda: Volutidae), in BOUCHET P. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 499-525. BOUCHET P. & SYSOEV A. 1997. — Revision of the Recent species of Buccinaria. Venus 56 (2): 97-119. BOUCHET P. & SYSOEV A. 2001. — Typhlosyrinx-like tropical deep-water turriform gastropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea). Journal of Natural History 35: 1693-1715. BOUCHET P. & VERMEIJ G. 1998. — Two new deep-water Pseudolividae (Neogastropoda) from the South-West Pacific. The Nautilus 111 (2): 47-52. BOUCHET P. & WARÉN A. 1986. — Taxonomical notes on tropical deep water Buccinidae with descriptions of new taxa, in Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Tome 2. Mémoires du Muséum national d Histoire naturelle (A) 133 (1985): 457-499. BOYER F. 2001. — Espèces nouvelles de Marginellidae du niveau bathyal de la Nouvelle- Calédonie. Novapex 2 (4): 157-169. BOYER F. 2002. — Description of five new marginellids from bathyal levels of southern New Caledonia. Novapex 3 (2-3): 87-96. BOYER F., WAKEFIELD A. & MCCLEERY T. 2003. — The genus Hydroginella (Caenogastropoda: Marginellidae) at bathyal levels from Fiji Islands. Novapex 4 (2-3): 67-77. BRUNCKHORST D. J. 1993. — The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records of the Australian Museum Suppl. 16: 1-107. CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1982. — On a collection of buccinacean and mitracean gastropods from the Mozambique Channel and New Caledonia. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4 (1981), section A (4): 985-1009. CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: on a collection of Nassariidae from New Caledonia waters, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 187-204. CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1992. — Description of new species of Nassariidae (Mollusca, Neogastropoda) from the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, sér. 4, Section A, 14 (1): 69-74. COSSIGNANI T. 2001. — Descrizione di sei nuove marginelle (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Marginellidae e Cystiscidae) della Nuova Caledonia. Malacologia mostra moniale 35: 12-17. 35 36 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI CHINO M. 2006. — A new species of Daphnella (Gastropoda: Conidae) from South-Western Japan and the Western Pacific. Novapex 7 (1): 17-20. DAYRAT B. 2001. — Indo-Pacific deep-water Pleurobranchidae (Gastropoda, Opistobranchia, Notaspidea): New records and new species, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22, Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 321-330. DAYRAT B. & GOSLINER T. 2005. — Species names and metaphyly: a case study in Discodorididae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Nudibranchia, Doridina). Zoologica Scripta 34: 199-224. DIJKSTRA H. H. 1989. — Pseudohinnites levii gen. sp. nov. (Mollusca, Bivalvia: Pectinidae) from New Caledonia. Basteria 53: 29-33. DIJKSTRA H. H. 1995. — Bathyal Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae, Pectinidae) from New Caledonia and adjacent areas, in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 9-73. DIJKSTRA H. H. & KASTORO W. 1997. — Mollusca Bivalvia: Pectinoidea (Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from eastern Indonesia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 172: 245-285. DIJKSTRA H. H. 2001. — Bathyal Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae and Pectinidae) from Wallis and Futuna Islands, Vanuatu Archipelago and New Caledonia, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 185: 73-95. DOLIN L. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Cypraeopsis superstes sp. nov., Pediculariinae relique du bathyal de Nouvelle-Calédonie et de la Réunion, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 179-186. DOLIN L. 2001. — Les Triviidae (Mollusca : Caenogastropoda) de l’Indo-Pacifique : Révision des genres Trivia, Dolichupis et Trivellona, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds). Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 201-241. DORGAN K., VALDÉS A. & GOSLINER T. 2002. — Phylogenetic systematics of the genus Platydoris (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Doridoidea) with descriptions of six new species. Zoologica Scripta 31: 271-319. DUCHAMPS R. 1992. — Description d’une espèce nouvelle de Tibia (Gastropoda: Strombidae). Apex 7 (2): 47-58. EMERSON W. 1990. — New records for western Pacific Morum (Gastropoda: Harpidae) with biogeographic implications. The Veliger 33 (2): 145-154. FAHEY S. J. & GOSLINER T. 2000. — New record of Halgerda Bergh, 1880 (Opisthobranchia, Nudibranchia) from the deep western Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of four new species. Zoosystema 22 (3): 471-498. FRAUSSEN K. 2002. — A new Euthria (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) from New Caledonia. Gloria Maris 41 (4-5): 70-75. FRAUSSEN K. 2003. — Three new deep-water species of Phos Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) from the South Pacific. Novapex 4 (4): 111-118. FRAUSSEN K. 2006. — Deep water Nassaria (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) from Banda and Arafura Seas. Novapex 7 (2-3): 31-46. FRAUSSEN K. & HADORN R. 2003. — Six new Buccinidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from New Caledonia. Novapex 4 (2-3): 33-50. FRAUSSEN K. & HADORN. R. 2006. — Phaenomenella, a new genus of deep-water buccinid (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) with the description of a new species from Taiwan. Novapex 7 (4): 103-109. FRAUSSEN K., KANTOR Y. & HADORN R. 2007. — Amiantofusus gen. nov. for Fusus amiantus Dall, 1889 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae) with description of a new extensive Indo-West Pacific radiation. Novapex 8 (3-4): 79-101. GARCIA E. 2000. — Description of a very distinct Cirsotrema (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) from New Caledonia. Novapex 1 (3-4): 105-107. GARCIA E. 2003. — New record of Indo-Pacific Epitoniidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) with the description of nineteen new species. Novapex HS1: 1-22. GARCIA E. 2004a. — New record of Opalia-like mollusks (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of fourteen new species. Novapex 5 (1): 1-19. GARCIA E. 2004b. — On the genus Cycloscala Dall, 1889 (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) in the Indo-Pacific, with comments on the type species, new records of known species, and the description of three new species. Novapex 5 (2-3): 57-68. GEIGER D. 2006a. — Eight new species of Scissurellidae and Anatomidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda) from around the world, with discussion of two new senior synonyms. Zootaxa 1128: 1-33. GEIGER D. 2006b. — Sasakiconcha elegantissima new genus and new species (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Anatomidae ?) with disjointly coiled base. The Nautilus 120 (2): 45-51. GLOVER E. A. & TAYLOR J. D. 2007. — Diversity of chemosymbiotic bivalves on coral reefs: Lucinidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) of New Caledonia and Lifou. Zoosystema 29 (1): 109-181. HADORN R. & FRAUSSEN K. 2003. — The deep-water Indo-Pacific radiation of Fusinus (Chryseofusus subgen. nov.) (Gastropoda: Faciolariidae). Iberus 21 (1): 207-240. HADORN R. & FRAUSSEN K. 2005. — Revision of the genus Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe 1954, with description of some new species. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 134 (2): 129-171. HADORN R. & FRAUSSEN K. 2006. — Five new species of Fusinus (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae) from western Pacific and Arafura Sea. Novapex 7 (4): 91-102. HARASEWYCH M. G. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: columbariform gastropods of New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 150: 243-259. HOUART R. 1983. — Three new tropical muricacean species. Venus 42 (1): 26-33. HOUART R. 1985. — Nipponotrophon makassarensis, a new recently dredged Muricidae species of strange generic affinities (Gastropoda: Muricidae). Marine Research in Indonesia 24 (1984): 83-87. HOUART R. 1986. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Noteworthy Muricidae from the Pacific Ocean, with description of seven new species, in Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Tome 2. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (A) 133 (1985): 427-455. HOUART R. 1987. — Description of three new muricid gastropods from the south-western Pacific Ocean with comments on new geographical data. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4, section A, 8 (4): 757-767 HOUART R. 1988. — Description of seven new species of Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the south-western Pacific Ocean. Venus 47 (3): 185-196. HOUART R. 1990a. — Four new species of Muricidae from New Caledonia. Venus 49 (3): 205-214. A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION HOUART R. 1990b. — New taxa and new records of Indo-Pacific species of Murex and Haustellum (Gastropoda, Muricidae, Muricinae). Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, sér. 4, Section A, 12 (2): 329-347. HOUART R. 1991a. — Description of thirteen new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from Australia and the New Caledonian region, with range extensions to South Africa. Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia 12: 35-55. HOUART R. 1991b. — Mollusca Gastropoda: the Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with description of five new species, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 150: 223-241. HOUART R. 1992. — The genus Chicoreus and related genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Indo-West Pacific. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 154: 1-188. HOUART R. 1995a. — The Ergalataxinae (Gastropoda, Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with some comments on the subfamily and the description of thirteen new species from the Indo-West Pacific. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4 Section A, 16 (2-4) (1994): 245-297. HOUART R. 1995b. — The Trophoninae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) of the New Caledonian region, in BOUCHET P. (ed) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 459-498. HOUART R. 1996. — Description of new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from New Caledonia, the Philippine Islands, the northeast Atlantic and West Africa. Apex 11 (2): 59-75. HOUART R. 1997. — Mollusca Gastropoda: The Muricidae collected during the KARUBAR cruise in eastern Indonesia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 172: 287-294. HOUART R. 2001. — Ingensia gen. nov. and eleven new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from New Caledonia, Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22, Mémoires du Muséum national d‘Histoire naturelle 185: 243-269. HOUART R. 2003. — Description of Scabotrophon inspiratum new species (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from Vanuatu. The Nautilus 117 (3): 87-90. HOUART R. & TRÖNDLE J. 2008. — Update of Muricidae (excluding Coralliophilinae) from French Polynesia with description of ten new species. Novapex 9 (2-3): 53-93. HOUBRICK, R., 1980. — Review of the deep-sea genus Argyropeza. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 321: 1-30. KAAS P. 1985. — Notes on Loricata, 13. On some little known chitons from the tropical western Pacific Ocean. Zoologische Mededelingen 59 (25): 299-320. KAAS P. 1990. — New species and further records of known species of Polyplacophora from the tropical western Pacific. Basteria 54 (4-6): 175-186. KAAS P. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: deep-water chitons from New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 9-27. KANTOR Y. & BOUCHET P. 1997. — The anatomy and systematics of Ceratoxancus, a genus of deep-water Ptychatractinae (Gastropoda: Turbinellidae) with labral spine. The Veliger 40 (2): 101-120. KANTOR Y. & BOUCHET P. 2007. — Out of Australia: Belloliva (Neogastropoda: Olividae) in the Coral Sea and New Caledonia. American Malacological Bulletin 22: 27-73. KANTOR Y., BOUCHET P. & OLEINIK A. 2001. — A revision of the recent species of Exilia, formely Benthovoluta (Gastropoda: Turbinellidae). Ruthenica 11 (2): 81-136. KILBURN R. N. & BOUCHET P. 1988. — The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4, Section A, 10 (2): 277-300. KOOL H. H. 2004. — Nassarius boucheti spec. nov., a deep water species from the western Pacific (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Nassariidae). Basteria 67 (4-6): 135-139. KOOL H. H. 2004. — Nassarius olomea Kay, 1979, revalidated (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Nassariidae). Basteria 68: 21-24. KOOL H. H. 2005. — Two new western Pacific deep water species of Nassarius (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Nassariidae): Nassarius herosae sp. nov. and Nassarius vanpeli sp. nov. Gloria maris 44 (3-4): 46-54. KOOL H. H. 2005. — Nassarius cernohorskyi spec. nov. from the Marquesas Islands (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Nassariidae). Basteria 69: 87-89. KOOL H. H. 2006. — Nassarius samiae n. sp., a new deep water species from the Philippines (Gastropoda: Nassariidae). Miscellanea Malacologica 2 (1): 5-8. KOOL H. H. 2006. — Nassarius tangaroai spec. nov., from the Marquesas Archipelago (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Nassariidae). Basteria 70: 97-100. KOOL H. H. 2007. — Nassarius garuda n. sp., a new deepwater species from the Indonesian Tanimbar and Kai Islands and a review of the species N. crematus (Hinds, 1844), N. euglyptus (Sowerby III, 1914) and N. siquijorensis (A. Adams, 1852) (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea: Nassariidae). Miscellanea Malacologica 2 (5): 87-92. KOOL H. H. & DEKKER H. 2006. — Review of the Nassarius pauper (Gould, 1850) complex (Gastropoda: Nassariidae). Part 1, with the description of four new species from the Indo-West Pacific. Visaya 1 (6): 54-65. KOSUGE S. 1999. — Report on the family Coralliophilidae in the collection of the Natal Museum (Republic of South Africa) with a description of new species (Gastropoda). Bulletin of the Institute of Malacology of Tokyo 3 (6) (1998): 83-84. KOSUGE S. & OLIVERIO M. 2001. — A new coralliophiline species from the Southwest Pacific (Neogastropoda: Muricidae: Coralliophilinae). Journal of Conchology 37 (3): 285-289. KOSUGE S. & OLIVERIO M. 2004. — Three new species from South-West Pacific (Neogastropoda: Muricidae: Coralliophilinae). Journal of Conchology 38 (2) 2003: 147-153. KRYLOVA E. M. 2001. — Septibranchiate molluscs of the family Poromyidae (Bivalvia, Poromyoidea) from the tropical western Pacific Ocean, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22, Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 165-200. LA PERNA R. 2005. — A gigantic deep-sea Nucinellidae from the tropical West Pacific (Bivalvia: Protobranchia). Zootaxa 881: 1-10. LAMPRELL K. & HEALY J. 2001. — Spondylidae (Bivalvia) from New Caledonian and adjacent waters, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical DeepSea Benthos, volume 22, Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 111-163. LEAL J. 2008. — A remarkable new genus of carnivorous, sessile bivalves (Mollusca: Anomalodesmata: Poromyidae) with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 1764: 1-18. 37 38 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI LELOUP E. 1981. — Mollusques: Polyplacophores. [Mollusca: Polyplacophora], in FOREST J. (ed.) Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM 1. Philippines (1828 March 1976), Tome 1. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 91: 317-323. LE RENARD J. & BOUCHET P. 2003. — New species and genera of the family Pickworthiidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda). Zoosystema 25 (4): 569-591. LORENZ F. 2002. — New worldwide cowries. Descriptions of new taxa and revisions of selected groups of living Cypraeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Schriften zur Malakozoologie 20: 1-292. LORENZ F. 2007. — Two new species of Lunovula (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Ovulidae) from New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands. Visaya 2 (1): 64-69. LOZOUET P. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Eumitra récentes de la région néo-calédonienne et Charitodoron fossiles de l’Oligocène supérieur d’Aquitaine (Mitridae), in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 205-222. LU C. C. & BOUCHER-RODONI R. 2001. — Cephalopods from the waters around Wallis and Futuna in the central South Pacific, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22, Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 369-399. LU C. C. & BOUCHER-RODONI R. 2006. — A new genus and species of sepiolid squid from the waters around Tonga in the central South Pacific (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae). Zootaxa 1310: 37-51. MARSHALL B. A. 1988. — Thysanodontinae: a new subfamily of the Trochidae. Journal of Molluscan Studies 54: 215-229. MARSHALL B. A. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Seguenziidae from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 41-109. MARSHALL B. A. 1992. — A revision of the recent species of Eudolium Dall, 1889 (Gastropoda: Tonnoidea). The Nautilus 106 (1): 24-38. MARSHALL B. A. 1993a. — The systematic position of Larochea Finlay, 1927, and introduction of a new genus and two new species (Gastropoda: Scissurellidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies 59 (3): 285-294. MARSHALL B A. 1993b. — A review of the genus Kaiparathina Laws, 1941 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochoidea). The Veliger 36 (2): 185-198. MARSHALL B. A. 1995. — Recent and Tertiary Trochaclididae from the southwest Pacific (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochoidea). The Veliger 38 (2): 92-115. MARSHALL B. A. 1995. — Calliostomatidae (Gastropoda: Trochoidea) from New Caledonia, the Loyalty Islands, and the northern Lord Howe Rise, in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 381-458. MARSHALL B. A. 1996. — A new subfamily of the Addisoniidae associated with cephalopod beaks from the tropical southwest Pacific, and a new pseudococculinid associated with chondrichthyan egg cases from New Zealand (Mollusca: Lepetelloidea). The Veliger 39 (3): 250-259. MARSHALL B. 2001. — The genus Acesta H. & A. Adams, 1858 in the south-west Pacific (Bivalvia: Limidae), in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 97-109. MATSUKUMA A. 1996. — A new genus and four new species of Chamidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from the Indo-West Pacific with reference to transposed shells. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, sér. 4, Section A, 18 (1-2): 23-53. MATSUKUMA A. & HABE T. 1995. — Systematic revision of living species of Meiocardia, Glossidae and Glossocardia, Trapezidae (Bivalvia), in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’histoire Naturelle 167: 75-106. MATSUKUMA A., PAULAY G. & HAMADA N. 2003. — Chama cerion, a new chamid bivalve (Mollusca) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Venus 62 (1-2): 19-27. McLEAN J. H. 1992. — Systematic review of the family Choristellidae (Archeogastropoda: Lepetellacea) with descriptions of new species. The Veliger 35 (4): 273-294. McLEAN J. H. & KIEL S. 2007. — Cretaceous and living Colloniidae of the redefined subfamily Petropomatinae, with two new genera and one new species, with notes on opercular evolution in turbinoideans, and the fossil record of Liotiidae (Vetigastropoda: Turbinoidea). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 81 (3): 254-266. MEDINSKAYA A. & SYSOEV A. 2001. — The foregut anatomy of the genus Xenoturris (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Turridae), with a description of a new genus. Ruthenica 11 (1): 7-14. MEDINSKAYA A. & SYSOEV A. 2003. — The anatomy of Zemacies excelsa, with a description of a new subfamily of Turridae (Gastropoda, Conoidea). Ruthenica 13 (1): 81-87. MÉTIVIER B. 1990. — Description of a new Perotrochus from the Coral Sea, southwest Pacific (Gastropoda: Pleurotomariidae). Venus 49 (1): 1-7. MOOLENBEEK R. 1986. — Studies on Conidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), 6. Conidae of the Chesterfield Islands, with description of Conus luciae nova species. Bulletin Zoologisch Museum Universiteit van Amsterdam 10 (25): 209-214. MOOLENBEEK R. & RÖCKEL D. 1996. — Conus taken off Wallis and Futuna Islands, South-West Pacific (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conidae). Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4, Section A, 18 (3-4): 387-400. NORMAN M. & HOCHBERG F. 2005. — The “Mimic Octopus” (Thaumatoctopus mimicus n. gen. et sp.), a new octopus from the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae). Molluscan Research 25 (2): 57-70. NORMAN M., BOUCHER R. & HOCHBERG F. 2004. — The sharkclub octopus, Galeoctopus lateralis, a new genus and species of deep-water Octopus from the western Pacific Ocean (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies 70: 247-256. NORMAN M., HOCHBERG F. G. & BOUCHER-RODONI R. 2004. — Microeledone mangoldi n. gen. and n. sp., a deep-water pygmy octopus from the Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae). Molluscan Research 24: 193-209. NORMAN M., HOCHBERG F. & BOUCHER-RODONI R. 2005. — A revision of the deep-water Octopus genus Scaeurgus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) with description of three new species from the southwest Pacific Ocean. Journal of Molluscan Studies 71 (4): 319-337. NORMAN M., HOCHBERG F. & LU C. C. 1997. — Mollusca Cephalopoda: Mid-depth octopuses (200-1000 m) of the Banda and Arafura Sea Octopodidae and Alloposidae), in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 172: 357-383. OLIVERA B. 2004. — Evaluation of Philippines Gemmula. I. Forms related to G. sperciosa and G. kieneri. Science Diliman 16 (2): 1-14. OLIVERA B. 2004. — Larger form in Lophiotoma: four new species described in the Philippines and three from elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific. Science Diliman 16 (1): 1-28. A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION OLIVERIO M. 2008. — Coralliophilinae (Neogastropoda: Muricidae) from the Marquesas Islands. Journal of Conchology 39 (5): 569-584. PONDER W. F. 1983. — Xenophoridae of the world. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 17: 1-126. POPPE G., TAGARO S. & DEKKER H. 2006. — The Seguenziidae, Chilodontidae, Trochidae, Calliostomatidae, Trochidae, Calliostomatidae and Solariellidae of the Philippines Islands. Visaya, Supplement 2: 1-228. POUTIERS J.-M. 1981. — Mollusques: Bivalves, in FOREST J. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, PHILIPPINES (18-28 mars 1976), Tome 1. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 91: 325-356, 6 figs. POUTIERS J.-M. 1982. — Euciroa trapeza, espèce nouvelle de bivalves Verticordiidae de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4, section A, 4 (3-4): 331-335. POUTIERS J.-M. 2006. — Two new species of protocardiine cockles (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Cardiidae) from the tropical Southwest Pacific. Zoosystema 28 (3): 635-654. POUTIERS J.-M. & BERNARD F. R. 1995. — Carnivorous bivalve molluscs (Anomalodesmata) from the tropical western Pacific Ocean, with a proposed classification and a catalogue of Recent species, in BOUCHET P. (ed) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 107-187. RANCUREL P. 1990. — Collecte de Nautiles (Cephalopoda, Nautiloidea) aux iles Chesterfield, Pacifique Sud. Extension de l’aire de distribution de Nautilus macromphalus Sowerby. Haliotis 10: 63-70. RANCUREL P. 1990. — Contribution à la connaissance de la répartition bathymétrique de Nautilus macromphalus Sowerby. Haliotis 10: 71-81. RICHARD G. 1983. — Two new species of Conus from New Caledonia: Conus boucheti sp. nov. and Conus kanakinus sp. nov. (Neogastropoda: Conidae). Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia 6 (1-2): 53-58. RICHARD G. & MOOLENBEEK R. 1988. — Two new Conus species from deep waters of New Caledonia. Venus 47 (4): 233-239. RICHER DE FORGES B. & ESTIVAL J. C. 1985. — Xenophoridae de Nouvelle-Calédonie et des iles Chesterfield. Rossiniana 28: 19-22. RICHER DE FORGES B. & ESTIVAL J. C. 1986. — Les Conidae récoltés dans les dragues en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Rossiniana (32): 14-18. RÖCKEL D., KORN W. & RICHARD G. 1993. — Conus darkini n. sp. La Conchiglia 267: 48-49. RÖCKEL D., RICHARD G. & MOOLENBEEK R. 1995. — Deep-water cones (Gastropoda: Conidae) from the New Caledonia region, in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 557-594. ROUX M. 1990. — Underwater observations of Nautilus macromphalus off New Caledonia. Chambered Nautilus Newsletter 60: 1. SCARABINO V. 1995. — Scaphopoda of the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans, with description of 3 new genera and 42 new species, in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 189-379. SCHWABE E., SIRENKO B. & SEETO J. 2008. — A checklist of Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from the Fiji islands. Zootaxa 1777: 1-52. SIMONE L .R. 2003. — Revision of the genus Benthobia (Caenogastropoda, Pseudolividae). Journal of Molluscan Studies 69: 245-262. SIMONE L. R. & CUNHA C. M. 2008a. — Revision of the genus Spinosipella (Bivalvia: Verticordiidae), with description of two new species. The Nautilus 122 (2): 57-78. SIMONE L. R. & CUNHA C. M. 2008b. — Supplementary data for a recent revision of the genus Spinosipella (Bivalvia, Septibranchia). Strombus 15 (1): 8-14. SIRENKO B. 2001. — Deep-sea chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) from sunken wood off New Caledonia and Vanuatu, in BOUCHET P. & MARSHALL B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 39-71. SLEURS W. J. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Four new rissoinine species (Rissoininae) from deep water in the New Caledonian region, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 163-178. SNYDER M. A. & BOUCHET P. 2006. — New species and new records of deep-water Fusolatirus (Neogastropoda: Fasciolariidae) from the West Pacific. Journal of Conchology 39 (1): 1-12. SNYDER M. A. & HADORN R. 2006. — A new bathyal Fusinus (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae) from New Caledonia. Zootaxa 1311: 1-12. SYSOEV A. 1997. — Mollusca Gastropoda: New deep-water turrid gastropods (Conoidea) from eastern Indonesia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 172: 325-355. SYSOEV A. 2002. — On the type species of Iotyrris Medinskaya & Sysoev, 2001 (Gastropoda, Turridae). Ruthenica 12 (2): 169-171. SYSOEV A. & BOUCHET P. 1996. — Taxonomic reevaluation of Gemmuloborsonia Shuto, 1989 (Gastropoda: Conoidea), with a description of new recent deep-water species. Journal of Molluscan Studies 62: 75-87. SYSOEV A. & BOUCHET P. 2001. — New and uncommon turriform gastropods (Gastropoda, Conoidea) from South-West Pacific, in Bouchet P. & Marshall B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 271-320. TAYLOR J. D. & GLOVER A. E. 1997. — The lucinid bivalve genus Cardiolucina (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Lucinidae): systematics, anatomy and relationships. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Zoology 63 (2): 93-122. TAYLOR J. & GLOVER E. 2005. — Cryptic diversity of chemosymbiotic bivalves: a systematic revision of worldwide Anodontia (Molluca: Bivalvia: Lucinidae). Systematics and Biodiversity 3 (3): 281-338. TERRYN Y. & SPRAGUE J. 2008. — Terebra brianhayesi sp. nov., a new deep water terebrid from Mozambique. Gloria Maris 47 (1-2): 8-13. TURNER H. 2001. — Four new large Mitra species from the Indo-Pacific (Neogastropoda: Muricoidea: Mitridae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde 129 (1/2): 7-23. TURNER H. 2008. — New species of the family Costellariidae from the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 137 (1): 105-125. VALDÉS A. 2001. — Deep-sea cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia) from the tropical West Pacific, with descriptions of two new genera and eighteen new species. Malacologia 43 (1-2): 237-311. VALDÉS A. 2001. — Deep-water phyllidiid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Phyllidiidae) from the tropical south-west Pacific Ocean, in Bouchet P. & Marshall B. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 185: 331-368. VALDÉS A. 2002. — Phylogenetic systematics of “Bathydoris” s.l. Bergh, 1884 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with the description of a new species from New Caledonian deep waters. Canadian Journal of Zoology 80: 1084-1099. 39 40 PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI VALDÉS A. & GOSLINER T. M. 2001. — Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep-waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133: 103-198. VERHECKEN A. 1997. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Arafura Sea Cancellariidae collected during the karubar Cruise, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 16. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 172: 295-323. VERMEIJ G. & BOUCHET P. 1998. — New Pisaniinae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from New Caledonia, with remarks on Cantharus and related genera. Zoosystema, 20 (3): 471-485. VIDAL J. 1999. — Taxonomic review of the elongated cockles: genera Trachycardium, Vasticardium and Acrosterigma (Mollusca, Cardiidae). Zoosystema 21 (2): 259-335. VIDAL J. & KIRKENDALE L. 2007. — Ten new species of Cardiidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from New Caledonia and the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema 29 (1): 83-107. VILVENS C. 2004. — Description of four new species of Calliotropis (Gastropoda: Trochidae: Eucyclinae: Calliotropini) from New Caledonia, Fiji and Vanuatu. Novapex 5 (1): 19-33. VILVENS C. 2005. — New records and new species of Calliostoma and Bathyfautor (Gastropoda: Calliostomatidae) from Vanuatu, Fiji and Tonga. Novapex 6 (1-2): 1-17. VILVENS C. 2007. — New species and new records of Calliotropis (Gastropoda: Chilodontidae: Calliotropinae) from Indo-Pacific. Novapex 8 (HS5): 1-72. VILVENS C. & HEROS V. 2005. — New species and new records of Danilia (Gastropoda: Chilodontidae) from the western Pacific. Novapex 6 (3): 53-64. VILVENS C. & MAESTRATI P. 2006. — New records and three new species of Thysanodonta (Gastropoda: Calliostomatidae: Thysanodontinae) from New Caledonia. Novapex 7 (1): 1-11. VOS C. 2007. — The family Tonnidae, in POPPE G. & GROH K. (eds) A Conchological Iconography. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 121 p., 63 pls. WARÉN A. & BOUCHET P. 1990. — Laubierinidae and Ranellidae, Pisanianurinae, two new deep-sea taxa of the Tonnoidea (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). The Veliger 33 (1): 56-102. WARÉN A. & BOUCHET P. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: Systematic position and revision of Haloceras Dall, 1889 (Caenogastropoda, Haloceratidae fam. nov.), in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 111-161. WARÉN A. & HAIN S. 1996. — Description of Zerotulidae fam. nov. (Littorinoidea), with comments on an Antarctic littorinid gastropod. The Veliger 39 (4): 277-334. WELLS F. E. 1995. — A revision of the drilliid genera Splendrillia and Plagiostropha (Gastropoda: Conoidea) from New Caledonia, with additional records from others areas, in BOUCHET P. (ed) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 527-556.