A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
A quarter-century of deep-sea malacological exploration
in the South and West Pacific:
Where do we stand? How far to go?
Philippe BOUCHET, Virginie HÉROS, Pierre LOZOUET & Philippe MAESTRATI
Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Sytématique & Évolution
CP 51 - 55, Rue Buffon F-75 005 Paris
pbouchet@mnhn.fr
ABSTRACT
The Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, formerly ORSTOM) and Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
launched in the early 1980s a suite of oceanographic expeditions to sample the deep-water benthos of the tropical South and West
Pacific, with emphasis on the 100-1,500 m bathymetric zone. This paper reviews the development of this programme to date. It
describes the procedures involved in curating the material collected and the involvement of an international network of taxonomic
experts to identify, describe and name the molluscan fauna. So far, 1,028 species of molluscs have been recorded from the New
Caledonia Exclusive Economic Zone from depths below 100 m, and 601 of these (58.4%) were new species. An additional 142 new
species have been described from other South Pacific island groups (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Tonga,
Marquesas Islands and Austral Islands). However, the hyper-diverse families have essentially remained untouched. Regional differences
among island groups are high, and New Caledonia, which has been sampled best, shows several discrete areas of micro-endemism.
We speculate that the deep-sea mollusc fauna of New Caledonia may amount to 15-20,000 species, and the corresponding number
for the whole South Pacific may be in the order of 20-30,000 species.
RÉSUMÉ
Vingt-cinq ans d’exploration des faunes malacologiques de profondeur dans le Pacifique Sud et Ouest : où en sommes nous ?
où allons nous ?
L’Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, antérieurement ORSTOM) et le Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle
(MNHN) ont lancé au début des années 1980 une série de campagnes océanographiques pour échantillonner le benthos profond
des régions tropicales du Pacifique Sud et Ouest, en particulier dans la tranche bathymétrique 100-1500 m. Ce chapitre met en
BOUCHET P., HEROS V., LOZOUET P. & MAESTRATI P. 2008 — A quarter-century of deep-sea malacological exploration in the South and West Pacific:
Where do we stand? How far to go?, in HÉROS V., COWIE R. H. & BOUCHET P. (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 25. Mémoires du Muséum national
d’Histoire naturelle 196: 9-40. Paris ISBN: 978-2-85653-614-8.
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PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
perspective les développements du programme ; il décrit la chaine de traitement des échantillons récoltés, et sa mise en valeur
par un réseau international de taxonomistes. À ce jour, 1028 espèces de mollusques, dont 601 espèces nouvelles (58,4 %), ont
été recensées à plus de 100 mètres de profondeur dans la Zone Economique Exclusive de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, et 142 espèces
nouvelles additionnelles ont été décrites des autres archipels (Iles Salomon, Vanuatu, Fidji, Wallis et Futuna, Tonga, Marquises, et
Iles Australes). Les familles hyper-diverses n’ont pas encore été touchées. Les différences entre les archipels sont élevées, et il est
possible de reconnaitre plusieurs aires de micro-endémisme au sein même de la région néo-calédonienne, la mieux échantillonnée.
Nous spéculons que la faune malacologique de profondeur de la Nouvelle-Calédonie atteint peut-être 15 à 20.000 espèces, le nombre
correspondant pour l’ensemble du Pacifique Sud se situant autour de 20 à 30.000 espèces.
INTRODUCTION
Many marine zoologists look back with nostalgia to the landmark expeditions of the Challenger, Albatross and
Siboga, as pioneering events of a bygone epoch that cannot be re-enacted. However, since the early 1980s, we have
been privileged to undertake scientific explorations of such a magnitude and intensity that can only be compared
to the famous “historical expeditions”. The deep benthos of the tropical seas represents one of the major frontiers
for the discovery of marine biodiversity, and our exploration confirms the Indo-Pacific as a major reservoir of
unknown forms of life in all taxonomic groups. However, unlike most other tropical biological communities, the
deep-sea benthos of this area has been generally neglected by zoologists and oceanographers. The core aim of our
Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme has therefore been to fill this gap. The publication of the present volume takes
place some 30 years after the first MUORSTOM expedition. The purpose of this introductory chapter is to place
our explorations in perspective (Fig. 1 and Appendix 1) and present an overview of the results as they pertain to
molluscs.
TROPICAL DEEP-SEA BENTHOS
Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos is not a formal programme with, for instance, a board of directors, a stream of specific
grants, and/or formal membership. Instead, we use it as an umbrella to describe a loose association of individuals,
partnerships and expeditions, the goals of which are pursued by a three-tiered organization:
1. A small core group of experienced scientists and seamen mounts the expeditions and conducts the field work,
using conventional (research) or unconventional (fishing) vessels, and low-tech approaches – dredging and trawling.
We rely extensively on R/V Alis, a Nouméa-based, 27 meters long scientific trawler, owned by the Institut de Recherche
pour le Développement (IRD), that is equipped with a multi-beam echosounder and that has excellent maneuverability
as well as skilled personnel to work on uncharted and difficult slopes.
2. The collections made are sorted to the appropriate levels: phylum (e.g., Brachiopoda, Porifera, Bryozoa), class
(e.g., Hydrozoa, Tunicata, Asterida), order (e.g., Tanaidacea, Antipatharia) or family (in the case of fishes, molluscs
and decapod crustaceans). They are then distributed for study to an international network of systematists. More than
200 scientists from all over the world have been involved in the taxonomic description of species collected by the
Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme, some as visiting curators to MNHN.
3. The research results, in short articles or monographic revisions, are published in a series formerly called Résultats
des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, and now Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos, like the programme itself. In addition to the now
25 volumes issued in this series, numerous other scientific papers are published in regular taxonomic journals.
Altogether, over 2,000 new species have been discovered, described and named based on the Tropical Deep-Sea
Benthos programme.
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
180 °
11
Tropic of Cancer
10
9
Equator
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6
2
3
4
1
5
Tropic of Capricorn
7
FIG. 1. Location of cruises in the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme and satellite cruises. 1, New Caledonia; 2, Vanuatu; 3, Wallis and Futuna; 4, Fiji;
5, Tonga; 6, Marquesas Islands ; 7, Austral Islands; 8, Solomon Islands; 9, Banda Sea, Indonesia; 10, Philippines; 11, Taiwan.
THE EXPEDITIONS
THE PHILIPPINES FORERUNNERS
Among the zoological samples collected in the Philippines by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries research vessel Albatross in
1907-1910 and stored at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, was a bizarre
mud lobster recognized in 1974 by French zoologists Jacques Forest and Michèle de Saint-Laurent as a representative
of the group Glyphaeoida, presumed to be extinct since Jurassic times. The discovery of this “living fossil”, Neoglyphea
inopinata Forest & de Saint Laurent, 1975, in a Smithsonian Institution jar, 63 years after its capture off Lubang Island in
the Philippines, attracted considerable attention. At the time Alain Crosnier was head of oceanography at the French Office
de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d’Outre-Mer (ORSTOM); he was himself a dedicated crustacean taxonomist
and fishery biologist, and was in a position to deploy that institution’s research vessel. In 1976, ORSTOM sent its research
trawler Vauban from France to Nouméa, and it was decided that en route it would make a loop via the Philippines to try
and collect more specimens of Neoglyphea inopinata. The expedition, named MUSORSTOM after MUSéum and ORSTOM,
succeeded in collecting Neoglyphea inopinata in 180-200 m at exactly the same spot where the Albatross had found it
(Forest 1981; see Appendix 1), but it also brought to light a wealth of specimens in every zoological group. This was the
beginning of the MUSORSTOM programme, which resulted in a volume of scientific results, including the first mollusc
paper (Poutiers 1981; see Appendix 4). Two more expeditions (MUSORSTOM 2 and 3) took place in the Philippines in
1980 and 1985 on board R/V Coriolis, but soon after that the focus shifted to New Caledonia and the South Pacific.
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PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
NEW CALEDONIA REVEALED
Although the coral reefs of New Caledonia had attracted the attention of French zoologists since the mid 19th
century, and despite ORSTOM establishing a branch in Nouméa as early as 1946, the deep sea around the island
essentially remained terra incognita. At the end of the 1970s this was to change with Prof. Claude Lévi and R/V
Vauban. Claude Lévi had been an MNHN professor since 1966; he had an interest in the biology and systematics
of sponges; and was invited by ORSTOM to spend a year in Nouméa to oversee the start-up of its programme on
molecules of biomedical importance derived from marine organisms. Incidentally, it was also Claude Lévi who hired
the first author at the Muséum in 1974; Lévi and Crosnier together made it possible for Bouchet to do his military
service as an ORSTOM marine biologist in Nouméa in 1978-1979. R/V Vauban, which had arrived from France
a couple of years before, was used by us to do some test deep-sea trawling and dredging down to about 400 m.
Although the facilities and our ability to sort the catch were rudimentary, this was enough to open a window on the
New Caledonian deep-sea fauna, and the first descriptions of new molluscs followed (e.g., Lyria kuniene Bouchet,
1979, Perotrochus caledonicus Bouchet & Métivier, 1982, Volutomitra vaubani Cernohorsky 1982). However, nothing
else happened until the mid 1980s, when Bertrand Richer de Forges was hired by ORSTOM and in 1984 was sent
to New Caledonia to develop the programme “Lagon”, to map the biological communities of the coral reef lagoon.
Simultaneously, IFREMER – the French national oceanographic agency — responded to a growing pressure from all
sectors of marine sciences by sending R/V Jean-Charcot to the South Pacific. This made possible the BIOCAL expedition
(after BIOlogie CALédonie). With MUSORSTOM 4 on board R/V Vauban taking place the same year, 1985 was the
year that thus truly launched deep-sea exploration around New Caledonia on a grander scale. Exploration cruises
continued in 1986 (MUSORSTOM 5 on board R/V Coriolis in the Coral Sea), 1987 (BIOGEOCAL on board R/V
Coriolis in the Loyalty Basin), 1989 (MUSORSTOM 6 on board R/V Alis on the Loyalty Ridge; CALSUB on board
R/V Suroit and submersible Cyana) and 1993-94 (BATHUS 1-4 on board R/V Alis around New Caledonia proper,
and the Norfolk and Loyalty Ridges). These were truly pioneering years, when cruises discovered not only new
species of animals but also new topographic features: the Antigonia, Stylaster and Eponge banks, for instance, now
featured on Navy charts of the Norfolk Ridge, were discovered and named by the MUSORSTOM expeditions as a
by-product of biological exploration.
EXPANDING TO THE SOUTH PACIFIC
By 1990, New Caledonia was no longer terra incognita, but the rest of the South Pacific deep sea still essentially
remained so. True, the Challenger had collected at a handful of stations in Fiji back in 1874, and the Russians had
discovered and explored the Vitiaz Trench east of Tonga. However, to a large extent, the slopes of the island groups
of the South Pacific, extending over thousands of kilometres from the Bismarck archipelago and the Solomon Islands
in the west, to the Marquesas and Austral Islands in the east, were untouched. To a French institution, it seemed
obvious that exploration should start with French dependant territories. In the meantime, ORSTOM had changed
its name to IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), but we nevertheless decided to retain our acronym
MUSORSTOM. In 1992, MUSORSTOM 7 on board R/V Alis explored Wallis and Futuna, tiny specks of land to the
north-east of Fiji, but with a large (266,000 km2) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) including several large banks. This
was the last year that Alain Crosnier, who had been instrumental in sailing the MUSORSTOM programme through
ORSTOM decision making, was personally on board at sea. In 1994, again with R/V Alis, MUSORSTOM 8 explored
Vanuatu; in 1997, the ship was in the Marquesas (French Polynesia) for MUSORSTOM 9, and in 1998 MUSORSTOM
10 explored the central part of Fiji around Bligh Water. We were then advised to change the name of the expeditions.
Decision makers do not like to be embarked in decade-long projects that they have to commit to fund, nor embroiled
in program projects decided before they took office and that will last beyond their term. From then on, our expeditions
carried names that were applied to one or a short suite of cruises. BORDAU was coined after the BORDer of the IndoAUstralian plate: in 1999, BORDAU 1 explored the southeast of Fiji, from south of Vanua Levu to the Lau group;
in 2000, BORDAU 2 explored the eastern arc of Tonga, from Vavau to south of Eua. The 2002 BENTHAUS cruise
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
(after BENTHos of the AUStrales Islands) surveyed the southernmost archipelago of French Polynesia. The name of
the SALOMON expeditions needs no explanation, other than that Iles Salomon is the French for Solomon Islands.
In 2001, SALOMON 1 surveyed the central part of the Solomon Islands, from Guadalcanal to Malaita and Makira;
the survey was continued in 2004 when SALOMON 2 explored the western part of the archipelago, and in 2007
SALOMONBOA (see below, under Second generation cruises) returned to the central islands, including the eastern
coast of Malaita.
SOUTH-EAST ASIAN CONNECTIONS
Beside the initial burst of activity in the Philippines in 1976-1984, our research group was involved in two cruises
that marginally sampled deep-water benthos: the CORINDON cruise (1980) was primarily a fishery survey that
sampled the strait of Makassar, and ESTASE 2 (1984) was primarily a geosciences cruise that did limited sampling in
Philippines waters. However, it was several years before another dedicated marine biology cruise took place in SouthEast Asia. In 1990, the French IFREMER and the Indonesian Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)
[Indonesian Ministry of Science and Technology] launched a joint call for projects to use the new research vessels of
the Baruna Jaya series. Our joint application with Kasim Moosa and colleagues from LIPI’s Institute of Oceanology
was successful and we were granted ship time for the 1991 KARUBAR cruise, so named after the KAi, ARU, and
TanimBAR islands of eastern Indonesia. Throughout the 1990s, our colleague Tin Yam Cham, at the National Taiwan
Ocean University of Keelung, in Taiwan, had been closely involved in the study of decapod crustaceans from the
MUSORSTOM expeditions. The year 2000 was the time to launch a joint cruise on board the Taiwan Fisheries Research
Institute’s R.V. Fisheries Researcher 1, to conduct broad-scale deep-water sampling around Taiwan, followed by more
specific cruises operating from the deep-sea fishing harbours of Dasi [= Tashi or Dashi], Nanfang-ao [formerly Suao]
and Donggang [formerly Kaohsiung] in 2001-2003.
Soon afterwards, deep-sea exploration resumed in the Philippines, following an invitation by Malcolm Sarmiento,
the Director of the Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), on the occasion of the 2004 Panglao
Marine Biodiversity Project. In 2005, the Bohol Sea and the sill to the Sulu Sea were surveyed by the PANGLAO 2005
expedition on board M.V. DA-BFAR. This was followed in 2007 by the AURORA expedition on the Pacific seaboard
of Luzon, the expedition for the first time carrying officially a Census of Marine Life “Census of Margins” label, and in
2008 by the LUMIWAN expedition (so named after LUbang, MIndoro and PalaWAN, on the South China Sea seaboard of the Philippines). Additional areas in the Philippines are targeted for 2010 and beyond.
SECOND GENERATION CRUISES
While these explorations were taking place in the South and West Pacific, the bathymetry of the New Caledonia
EEZ was being mapped as part of the ZONECO programme (http://www.zoneco.nc/). Whereas in the 1970s nothing
but the Kaimon-Maru seamount was mapped on the Norfolk Ridge, the new 3-D ZONECO mapping revealed
numerous new topographic features just begging for exploration. Simultaneously, R/V Alis was furbished with
a multi-beam echosounder that dramatically changed the way the crew and we planned our benthic operations.
As the multitude of marine organisms collected from our expeditions in the 1980s were analyzed, new research
questions arose, requiring another round of sampling focused on specific scientific objectives. The purpose of the
NORFOLK 1 (2001) and NORFOLK 2 (2004) cruises was to study the relationship between isolation, mode of
dispersal and genetic structuring on seamounts of the Norfolk Ridge. Similarly, the 2005 EBISCO cruise (standing
for Endémisme de la Biodiversité et ISolement en mer du COrail [Endemism of Biodiversity and Isolation in the
Coral Sea]) addressed the issue of isolation and endemism on the Chesterfield and other banks in the middle of
the Coral Sea, and for the first time added a molecular barcoding component. In a different vein, the BOA cruises
(standing for Bois coulés et Organismes Associés [Sunken Wood and Associated Organisms]), directed by Sarah
Samadi, aimed to evaluate the importance of sunken wood as phylogenetic “stepping stones” to cold seeps and
hot vents. BOA 0 (2004), BOA 1 (2005) and SANTOBOA (2006) focussed on the larger islands in northern
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PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
Vanuatu and southern New Caledonia, while SALOMONBOA (2007) operated off the larger forested islands of
Guadalcanal and Malaita.
Our explorations also opened new doors to other scientists, who now conducted their own research expeditions and invited us on board to study their zoological by-products. Thus, in 1989-1993 Cécile Debitus conducted
a series of SMIB cruises (standing for Substances Marines d’Intérêt Biologique [Bio-Active Marine Substances])
specifically to collect material for her research on new molecules. In the same vein, the recent (2008) CONCALIS cruise focused on deep-water cones for their venom glands. Needless to say, beside the few target species of
sponges, octocorals or Conus, the dredge came up full of other biota that we were eager not to loose. To a lesser
extent, the cruises of the BERYX and HALIPRO series (1991-1994), which focussed on fish stocks, also provided
valuable zoological by-products.
This review of “second generation” cruises would not be complete without mentioning the commercial operations
carried by Caledonia Shells, a Nouméa-based company. The first MUSORSTOM cruises of the 1980s had found
graveyards of teeth of the extinct giant shark Procarcharodon megalodon (see Seret 1987); the size of the teeth and
their freshness caught the eye of local curio dealers. Caledonia Shells copied our dredge and extracted positions
from our reports and publications, and went out to collect Procarcharodon on a commercial scale. Initially, seashells
were just by-products but, as the known stocks of fossil teeth became exhausted, shells soon became a target in their
own right. Regrettably, the operator of the company never departed from his commercial attitude and marketed to
collectors and dealers all over the world specimens of seashells that he suspected were new and that he knew they
were being worked up by our own network of specialists. The reliability of the data associated with these commercial
catches is also questionable.
MUSEUM PROCEDURES AND EDITORIAL CONVENTIONS
While at sea during the expeditions, the megafauna and larger macrofauna are sorted to phylum. “Specials”, such
as eulimids or solenogastres on hosts, cocculiniforms on odd substrates, or exceptionally fragile specimens, are kept
separate, but the rest of the molluscs – empty shells and live-taken specimens – are otherwise preserved in bulk. Since
2004, the live-taken material has been screened on board for specimens that are drilled or anesthetized, and then fixed
separately in 98 % ethanol for barcoding. The small fractions and residues that cannot be sorted on board with the
naked eye are bagged and either frozen or fixed. After the expedition, they are thawed in formalin, then rinsed, and
dried. In Paris, the “specials” and the barcode collections are kept in alcohol, and the general collection is rinsed and
dried. The material is then sorted to operational groups, which can be either a class (Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora),
a family, or even artificial but practical groups (e.g. “turrids”, bullomorphs, skeneimorphs); in the case of some of
the larger-sized molluscs, the material may even be split to putative species. Usually, the macromollusc material of
an expedition is entirely processed within a couple of years after the expedition has taken place. As time permits,
the dried residues are sieved and fractioned down to 0.5 mm, and the micromolluscs are sorted under a dissecting
microscope. As in museums elsewhere, we have been privileged to receive the assistance of dedicated and unselfish
volunteers who have done a considerable part of that work. Most of the promising stations have by now been entirely
sorted, but we are several years behind for several expeditions and there is a backlog of less inviting residues. All in all,
we estimate that the mollusc material in MNHN originating from the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme consists
of 150,000 lots and perhaps 1,000,000 specimens. As lots may provisionally be sorted only to the family level, the
total number of species x station occurrences will thus ultimately end up higher.
Each processed lot carries a label that explicitly gives in full: the region/country of the expedition; cruise acronym
and name of the ship; station number; latitude, longitude, depth; if relevant, the name of collectors on the shipboard
party. Given the human resources involved in the project, we have not found it feasible to catalogue each lot individually,
as is usually considered “good museum practice”. For most of the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos cruises, station numbers
are preceded by a two-letter prefix that refers to the type of gear used: CC, chalut à crevettes (Shrimp Trawl); CH,
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
chalut commercial (Otter Trawl); CP, chalut à perche (Beam Trawl); DR, drague à roche (Rock Dredge); DW, drague
Warén (Warén Dredge). Since 1985, all stations in the main MUSORSTOM cruise series are numbered consecutively
(now over 3,000), but many satellite expeditions have used their own numbering system starting with 1. When citing
material in publications, each lot is unambiguously designated by the combination of the cruise acronym and station
number.
Regarding precision of geographical coordinates, in this age of satellite positioning, shipboard data result in
considerably more information than is necessary for appropriate localization of the specimens collected. Positions are
recorded on the bridge of the ship, often at two or more of the following times: (a) when the dredge/trawl is put out
to sea and the winch starts paying off cable; (b) when the dredge/trawl reaches the bottom, the winch is stopped, and
the dredge/trawl starts being dragged/towed on the bottom; (c) after 20 minutes (dredge) or 30-60 minutes (trawl),
the cable starts being hauled back onto the winch; (d) when the dredge/trawl arrives at the surface and is hauled on
board. Given the distance covered by the ship during towing (at 2-3 knots, about 2 km are covered in 30 minutes),
and given the fact that the net is towed a long way behind the ship (up to several kilometres of cable may be paid out),
we draw attention to the false impression of exact location that many unedited station lists may give. As a standard
procedure, we have retained on our museum labels the position of the ship at the time when the trawl/dredge starts
being dragged/towed on the bottom, if known; because of the length of cable paid out and the distance of the net
behind the ship, decimals of minutes of latitude/longitude do not make sense (one-tenth of a minute = 180 m) and
positions are thus rounded up to the nearest minute. For depths, we retain both the depth at the time of initiation of
dragging/towing (b, above) and the depth at the time of initiation of hauling (c, above).
On a steep slope, depth intervals for a single haul can span several hundred meters. As a consequence, when
summarizing the bathymetric range of a species, we take the inner values of the deepest and shallowest stations, as
there is no evidence that the species occurs beyond these values. For instance, if a species has been collected at 6
stations at depths of, for example, 611-636 m, 582-594 m, 693-811 m, 749-799 m, 283-405 m, and 350-800 m, the
combined confirmed bathymetric range is 405-749 m, the depths between which the species definitively occurred,
not 283-811 m.
THE NETWORK OF SPECIALISTS AND THE RESULTING PUBLICATIONS
The mollusc material collected by the historical expeditions was worked on single-handedly by malacologists from
the country that launched these expeditions. For instance, William H. Dall published the Blake molluscs, Martinus
Schepman was the author of the gastropod part of the Siboga Expeditie reports, Eduard von Martens and Johannes
Thiele did the mollusc part of the Valdivia (Deutsche Tiefsee-Expedition), and, closer to us, Jorgen Knudsen was the
main author of the mollusc parts in the Galathea Reports. However, the wealth of material brought together by the
MUSORSTOM expeditions would have defeated even the most productive of the 19th century species-mongers. Rather
than working up the material ourselves, we decided to multiply our workforce by involving a worldwide network of
taxonomists.
Throughout the years, as many as 73 authors from 19 countries have authored one or several papers dealing
specifically or in part with “MUSORSTOM molluscs”. So far, including the new species and new records in this volume,
1,028 species of molluscs have been recorded from the New Caledonia EEZ from depths below 100 m (Appendix
2), and 601 of these (58.4%) were new species described with a New Caledonia type locality. An additional 142
new species have been described from other South Pacific island groups (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and
Futuna, Tonga, Marquesas Islands and Austral Islands) (Appendix 3). The following two figures may help place this
result in context.
(a) The Challenger expedition resulted in 234 new species of molluscs from depths greater than 100 meters.
(b) Considering that 310 new marine molluscs are described worldwide each year (Bouchet, 1997), the Tropical DeepSea Benthos programme thus accounts for about 10% of all new marine mollusc descriptions over the last 25 years.
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PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
158°E
160°E
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164°E
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168°E
170°E
172°E
174°E
16°S
18°S
0 km
100 km 200 km
20°S
22°S
24°S
26°S
Isle of Pines
Munida
Crypthelia
Antigonia
Jumeaux Ouest
Jumeaux Est
Brachiopode
Stylaster
Réfractaire
Surprise I.
Kaimon Maru
Eponge
Grand Passage
Chesterfield
Plateau
Belep Is.
Lansdowne
Bank
Zorro
Gr
LO
Ouvéa
YA
LT
Y
Lifou
BA
de
Te
SI
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rre
N
an
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YR
E
IDG
LK R
IDGE
WE RISE
Capel
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NEW CALEDONIA
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R FO
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Isle of Pines
LORD HO
Kelso
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Hunter I.
IDE
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FIG. 2. Bathymetry and main topographic features of the Exclusive Economic Zone of New Caledonia.
Introuvable
Athos
Portos
Aramis
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
Also noteworthy is the role in our network of non-professional taxonomists, who have described just under 50%
(49.1%) of the new species.
As is the case with New Caledonia shallow water fauna, the “charismatic mollusc megafauna” (cones, cowries,
volutes, pleurotomarias) is now probably adequately inventoried and described, although scattered new species
still remain to be named. The slightly more diverse groups, among them the Muricidae, the Pectinoidea and the
Scaphopoda, to name just a few, are worked up at a steady pace within a few years of the material being collected and
sorted. However, the hyperdiverse families (“Turridae”, Pyramidellidae, Eulimidae) have remained barely touched
or untouched at all.
RESULTS SO FAR, LESSONS LEARNT AND THE WAY AHEAD
Altogether, this quarter-century of biological exploration has collected at more than 4,000 dredging and trawling stations, with very dense sampling at depths between 100 and 1,500 meters, more sporadically to 3,700 m.
The best surveyed area is New Caledonia, where about 50% of our sampling effort has been concentrated. The
New Caledonia EEZ occupies 1,364,000 km2, which is well under 1% of the area of the Pacific Ocean (175 million km2) (Fig. 2). This translates on average to one station haul per 682 km2 (a square of c. 26 x 26 km). As
the deep ocean below 1,500 m has hardly been sampled, a more meaningful evaluation of our sampling effort
would be one haul per 105 km2 (c. 10 x 10 km) between 100 and 1,500 m, and one haul per 1,150 km2 (c. 34
x 34 km) below 1,500 m. Elsewhere in the South Pacific, sampling intensity has of course been much less than
in New Caledonia.
When we started work in New Caledonia in the 1980s, almost everything seemed to be new, but we expected
that these new species would also be found in adjacent island groups once, in due course, these were also explored.
Twenty years later, these other island groups have been explored, but to our great surprise New Caledonia emerges
from this expanded exploration as a uniquely diverse and singular place. No other large island in the South Pacific
has such extensive hard bottoms as New Caledonia.
In addition, the New Caledonia EEZ includes very diverse topographic features that undoubtedly account for high
levels of regional endemism nested within it. Several discrete areas of regional endemism can be recognized.
To the north of New Caledonia, the coral reef lagoon drops to the Grand Passage, and then re-emerges near Surprise
and D’Entrecasteaux Reefs; this area has such local endemics as Cantharus septemcostatus, Fusolatirus luteus, Serratifusus
harasewychi, S. sitanius, Volutomitra glabella, V. ziczac, Belloliva alaos, B. apoma, Comitas pachycercus, Leptotrophon
virginiae, L. richeri and Lyria grandidieri. To the south, New Caledonia is continued by the Norfolk Ridge, a rugged
chain with an average depth of 1,500-2,000 m, and several flat-topped seamounts culminating at depths between
200 and 600 m. Individual seamounts have their own faunal assemblages (Richer de Forges et al. 2000), and even
if single-seamount endemism is not convincingly demonstrable (Samadi et al. 2006), the Norfolk Ridge overall has
a rich endemic gastropod fauna (e.g. Alcithoe aillaudorum, Lyria kuniene, L. guionneti, L. poppei, Amalda fuscolingua,
Cancellopollia gracilis, Serratifusus virginiae, Euthria scepta, E. cumulata, Africotriton adelphum, Benthofascis lozoueti). The
island of New Caledonia itself is very steep-sided outside the barrier reef, with dredgeable/trawlable bottoms restricted
to the sediment fans where passes cut the barrier.
To the west of New Caledonia, the seamounts and plateaus of the Coral Sea form a series of reliefs that culminate
at depths of 0-200 m and are separated from Australia, from New Caledonia, and from each other by water in excess
of 1,500 m deep: Lansdowne and Fairway banks, and Chesterfield and Bellona atolls reach the surface or even form
sandy cays, whereas Nova, Argo, Kelso and Capel banks form a chain of guyots separated from each other by distances
of 80-100 km, their summital plateau reaching 20-200 m below sea level. The Coral Sea has its own guild of endemic
species (e.g. Perotrochus deforgesi, Calliostoma chesterfieldense, Cassis abbotti, Xastilia kosugei, Murexsul metivieri, Amalda
coriolis, Belloliva ellenae, Leiosyrinx liphaima, Conus estivali), some of which appear to be significantly restricted to a
single bank or plateau (Fig. 3).
17
18
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
To the east of New Caledonia, the Loyalty Ridge is separated by the Loyalty Basin. Like the Norfolk Ridge, it bears
islands and seamounts rising from a submarine chain at 1,500-2,000 m. Still further east, separated from New Caledonia
by the New Hebrides Trench, lie the Hunter and Matthew islands and the Gemini seamounts, geographically part of
the New Hebrides Arc, but politically dependancies of New Caledonia. Although several species have a type locality on
the Loyalty Ridge (e.g. Pazinotus spectabilis) or on the southern part of the New Hebrides Arc (e.g. Fusolatirus pachyus),
none of them seems to be restricted to these topographic features.
FIG. 3. Patterns in regional endemism of Belloliva species in the Coral Sea. After Kantor & Bouchet (2007).
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
HOW MANY SPECIES?
Although 1,028 deep-water species have been recorded so far from New Caledonia, this represents only a small
fraction of the total deep-water fauna. Nonetheless, numbers in selected families are impressive. For instance, there
are only 567 valid species of Recent Scaphopoda worldwide (Steiner & Kabat 2004, and additions: V. Scarabino,
pers. com.), but 119 species are recorded from New Caledonia, of which 96 are from depths strictly below 100 m
(Scarabino 1995, and pers. com.). In the same vein, the discovery of 14 species of Volutomitridae in the New Caledonia
region (Bouchet & Kantor 2004) places this part of the world as a major centre of diversity for the family (this paper,
Fig. 4); it brings the total number of Recent Volutomitridae known worldwide to 50 named species, with the New
Caledonia region thus home to 28% of the world volutomitrid fauna. Undoubtedly, this reflects both the intensity of
our sampling but also the intrinsic species richness of the region.
A morphospecies approach can be used to document levels of richness in the hyper-diverse taxa. The “family”
Turridae (s.l.) is represented in New Caledonia by 1,726 morphospecies at depths from the intertidal to 3,700 m,
of which 1,222 are from depths below 100 m. As many as 30% are represented by singletons, which indicates that
our sampling is far from saturated. In fact, every new cruise still collects species never seen before, and the real
magnitude of the New Caledonia turrid fauna probably stands somewhere near 2,600 species (Bouchet et al. 2004),
and Alexander Sysoev (pers. com.) estimates that over 80% of the deep-water component is undescribed. Preliminary
FIG. 4. Geographic representation of the
diversity of Volutomitridae in the Pacific and
Antarctic regions. The intensity of the tones of grey
is proportional to the number of species: respectively 1-2,
4-5, 6-7 and 14 species. After Bouchet & Kantor (2004).
19
20
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
examination of the deep-water turrids from Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas suggests that some 1,000 species are
present in our material, but only 40% of these are also present in New Caledonia. The Solomon Islands also have
a very rich fauna that, at first sight, appears quite different from that of New Caledonia. When molecular data are
brought into the picture, the numbers literally soar (N. Puillandre, unpublished results). All in all, it is probably not
outlandish to estimate that the South Pacific MUSORSTOM collection contains 5,000, mostly undescribed, deepwater species of turrids.
Projecting from these rough turrid calculations suggests that the deep-sea mollusc fauna of New Caledonia may
amount to 15-20,000 species, and the corresponding number for the whole South Pacific is probably 20-30,000
species.
FIG. 5. Water temperature profile at 18°S, 166°E (between New Caledonia and Vanuatu). Source CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas 2006 (http://www.marine.
csiro.au/~dunn/cars2006/).
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
HOW MANY BIOTIC LAYERS ARE THERE IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC?
Textbooks have taught us the notion of a three-layered ocean, with a shelf fauna extending offshore to c. 300 m,
followed by a slope or bathyal fauna extending to 2,300-2,500 m, followed by an abyssal fauna extending to 6,000
m. This is a time-honoured notion that is certainly valid in the North Atlantic where most developed nations have
conducted deep sea exploration since the 1870s. However, there are two observations that immediately strike a
zoologist when dredging in the tropical South and West Pacific. One observation is that the notion of a shelf fauna
is irrelevant on tropical islands, both based on geomorphology (there is no such thing as a shelf surrounding
islands) and based on biology: what one normally considers “deep sea” fauna – i.e. faunal assemblages with
elasipod holothurians, stalked crinoids, hexactinellid sponges, and other markers of the “deep sea” – starts in the
tropics as shallow as 150-180 m. Regional water temperature profiles (Fig. 5) show a thermocline at 100 m. Our
choice of the 100 m isobath for the upper limit of the tropical “deep-sea” fauna is thus less arbitrary than it may
at first seem.
The second observation is that turnover in species composition takes place more frequently in the tropics than in
temperate latitudes. Thus, there are several layers of deep-sea faunas between 200 and 1,500 m, rather than a single
transition as in the North Atlantic. The implications in terms of global magnitude of marine biodiversity are profound.
However, it is not clear how many layers there are in the tropics. Our own sampling is adequate to draw conclusions
down to 1,200-1,500 m, but is very patchy below that depth, and no samples have been taken below 3,750 m. It is a
question that remains to be answered by future deep-sea work, by dense sampling along a transect starting at 1,000
m. With its deepest point at 9,035 m, the New Hebrides Trench, between New Caledonia and Vanuatu, would be an
ideal place to conduct such a transect.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The introductory chapter is the place to thank numerous people who have been essential in conducting the
work at sea, and/or sorting and processing the catches, but whose role behind the scene is not readily known to
the individual taxonomists downstream on the conveyor belt. First and foremost we want to highlight the role
of Alain Crosnier, longtime mentor of the MUSORSTOM expeditions and editor of the Résultats des Campagnes
MUSORSTOM, and Bertrand Richer de Forges, our indefatigable companion of many months at sea and astute
dredger and trawler on uncharted slopes. Our colleagues Marie-Catherine Boisselier and Sarah Samadi have now
taken over as pillars of the deep-sea expeditions, and we are grateful for their unselfish spirit of collaboration. We
also thank Laurent Albenga, Nadia Améziane, Rudo von Cosel, Benoît Dayrat, Felise Liufau, Jean-Louis Menou,
Bernard Métivier and Anders Warén, for good companionship at sea. During the many months spent at sea, R/V
Alis officers Jean-François Barazer, Loïc Le Floch, Hervé Le Houarno and Raymond Proner shared our passion
for adventure and discovery. The Asian cruises have involved another set of collaborations and partnerships:
in Indonesia, Woro W. Kastoro and Kasim Moosa; in Taiwan, Tin-Yam Chan; in the Philippines, Ludivina Labe,
Danilo Largo, Marivene Manuel, Noel Saguil, Malcolm Sarmiento and Dave Valles. For the thousands of hours of
processing and sorting residues, and subsequent family triage, we are indebted to Mauricette Bourgeois, Delphine
Brabant, Guy Deschamps, Yuri Kantor, Arnaud Le Goff, Bruce Marshall, Angelo Di Matteo, Danielle Plaçais, Stefano
Palazzi, Alexander Sysoev, Jean Tröndlé and Anders Warén. Finally, we thank the many taxonomists who have
responded positively to our request for their expertise. A number of them worked in Paris as part of the MNHN
visiting curators programme, and we thank Chantal Adler, Evelyne Doessekel, Christine Pascal and Michel Guiraud
for authorizing and/or facilitating their visits.
21
22
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
REFERENCES
BOUCHET P. 1997. — Inventorying the molluscan diversity of the world: what
is our rate of progress? The Veliger 41 (1): 1-11.
BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2004. — New Caledonia: the major centre
of biodiversity for volutomitrid molluscs (Mollusca: Neogastropoda:
Volutomitridae). Systematics and Biodiversity 1 (4): 467-502.
BOUCHET P., SYSOEV A. & LOZOUET P. 2004. — An inordinate fondness
for turrids. Molluscan Megadiversity: Sea, Land and Freshwater. World
Congress of Malacology (Perth, Western Australia, 11-16 July 2004),
Abstracts: 12.
KANTOR Y. & BOUCHET P. 2007. — Out of Australia: Deep-water Belloliva
(Neogastropoda: Olividae) from the Coral Sea and New Caledonia. American
Malacological Bulletin 22: 27-73.
RICHER DE FORGES B., KOSLOW J. A. & POORE G. 2000. — Diversity and
endemism of the benthic seamount fauna in the southwest Pacific. Nature
405: 944-947.
SAMADI S., BOTTAN L., MACPHERSON E., RICHER DE FORGES B. & BOISSELIER
M. C. 2006. — Seamount endemism questioned by the geographic
distribution and population genetic structure of marine invertebrates.
Marine Biology 149 (6): 1463-1475.
SCARABINO V. 1995. — Scaphopoda of the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans,
with description of 3 new genera and 42 new species, in BOUCHET P.
(ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du
Muséum National d’Histoire naturelle 167: 189-379.
SERET B. 1987. — Découverte d’une faune à Procarcharodon megalodon
(Agassiz 1835) en Nouvelle-Calédonie (Pisces, Chondrichthyes, Lamnidae).
Cybium 11 (4): 389-394.
STEINER G. & KABAT A. 2004. — Catalog of species-group names of Recent
and fossil Scaphopoda (Mollusca). Zoosystema 26 (4): 549-726.
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
APPENDIX 1. Cruises in the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme and satellite programmes that have yielded deep-sea zoological material, and relevant
published cruise narratives or station lists.
CRUISE NAME
OR ACRONYM
YEAR
SHIP
AREA
AURORA 2007
2007
DA-BFAR
Philippines
AZTEQUE
1990
Alis
New Caledonia
BATHUS 1
1993
Alis
New Caledonia
NO. OF
STATIONS
STATION NUMBERS
(CONSECUTIVE
NUMBERING)
CRUISE REPORT IF ANY
2653-2764
11
Grandperrin et al. 1990
639-713
Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996
BATHUS 2
1993
Alis
New Caledonia
714-771
Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996
BATHUS 3
1993
Alis
New Caledonia
773-849
Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996
Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996
BATHUS 4
1994
Alis
New Caledonia
882 -955
BENTHAUS
2002
Alis
Austral Islands
1861-2021
BERYX 11
1992
Alis
New Caledonia
60
Lehodey et al. 1992
BERYX 2
1991
Alis
New Caledonia
19
Grandperrin & Lehodey 1992
BIOCAL
1985
Jean-Charcot
New Caledonia
68
BIOGEOCAL
1987
Coriolis
New Caledonia
35
BOA0
2004
Alis
Vanuatu
2304-2330
BOA1
2005
Alis
Vanuatu
2411-2480
BORDAU 1
1999
Alis
Fiji
1391-1507
Richer de Forges 2000
BORDAU 2
2000
Alis
Tonga
CALSUB
1989
Cyana
New Caledonia
22
1508-1645
Grandperrin & Richer de Forges
1989; Roux 1994
CHALCAL 1
1984
Coriolis
Coral Sea
27
Richer de Forges & Pianet 1984
CHALCAL 2
1986
Coriolis
New Caledonia
38
CONCALIS
2008
Alis
New Caledonia
CORAIL 2
1988
Coriolis
Coral Sea
19
Richer de Forges et al. 1988
CORINDON 2
1980
Coriolis
Indonesia
70
Moosa 1985
GEMINI
1989
Alis
New Hebrides Arc
15
Bargibant et al. 1989
HALICAL 1
1994
Alis
New Caledonia
4
HALIPRO 1
1994
Alis
New Caledonia
HALIPRO 2
1996
Tangaroa
New Caledonia
106
Grandperrin et al. 1997
KARUBAR
1991
Baruna Jaya 1
Indonesia
91
Crosnier et al. 1997
LAGON
1984-1989
Vauban, then Alis
New Caledonia
62
Richer de Forges 1991
LITHIST
1999
Alis
New Caledonia
18
LUMIWAN 2008
2008
DA-BFAR
Philippines
2861-2928
MUSORSTOM 1
1976
Vauban
Philippines
1-73
Forest 1981
MUSORSTOM 2
1980
Coriolis
Philippines
1-83
Forest 1986
MUSORSTOM 3
1985
Coriolis
Philippines
86-145
Forest 1989
MUSORSTOM 4
1985
Vauban
New Caledonia
146-249
Richer de Forges 1986
MUSORSTOM 5
1986
Coriolis
Coral Sea
250-390
Richer de Forges et al. 1986
MUSORSTOM 6
1989
Alis
New Caledonia
391-493
Richer de Forges & Laboute 1989
MUSORSTOM 7
1992
Alis
Wallis & Futuna
494-638
Richer de Forges & Menou 1993
MUSORSTOM 8
1994
Alis
Vanuatu
956-1141
Richer de Forges et al. 1996
MUSORSTOM 9
1997
Alis
Marquesas
1142-1307
Richer de Forges et al. 1999
MUSORSTOM 10
1998
Alis
Fiji
1308-1390
Richer de Forges et al. 2000
NORFOLK 1
2001
Alis
New Caledonia
1651-1739
Richer de Forges et al. 1987
2929-3025
Grandperrin et al. 1995a
850-881
148
Grandperrin et al., 1995b; Richer
de Forges & Chevillon 1996
23
24
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
CRUISE NAME
OR ACRONYM
YEAR
SHIP
AREA
NO OF
STATIONS
STATION NUMBERS
(CONSECUTIVE
NUMBERING)
NORFOLK 2
2003
Alis
New Caledonia
PALEO-SURPRISE
1999
Alis
New Caledonia
PANGLAO 2005
2005
DA-BFAR
Philippines
2331-2409
SALOMON 1
2001
Alis
Solomon Islands
1740-1860
SALOMON 2
2004
Alis
Solomon Islands
2164-2303
SALOMONBOA 3
2007
Alis
Solomon Islands
SANTO 2006
2006
Alis
Vanuatu
112
CRUISE REPORT IF ANY
2022-2161
29
Garrigue et al. 2000
2765-2860
SMCB
1990-1991
Marara
French Polynesia
80
Poupin 1991
SMIB 1
1986
Vauban
New Caledonia
15
Richer de Forges 1990
SMIB 2
1986
Vauban
New Caledonia
31
Richer de Forges 1990
SMIB 3
1987
Vauban
New Caledonia
32
Richer de Forges 1990
SMIB 4
1989
Alis
New Caledonia
36
Richer de Forges 1990
SMIB 5
1989
Alis
New Caledonia
36
Richer de Forges 1993
SMIB 6
1990
Alis
New Caledonia
32
Richer de Forges 1993
SMIB 8
1993
Alis
New Caledonia
55
Richer de Forges & Chevillon 1996
SMIB 9
1993
Alis
New Caledonia
1
SMIB 10
1995
Alis
New Caledonia
17
TAIWAN 2000
2000
Fisheries Researcher
No. 1
Taiwan
62
TAIWAN 2001
2001
Chung Tung Long
No. 26
Taiwan
80
TAIWAN 2002
2002
Cheng-Ming Fa and
Ocean Researcher No. 1
Taiwan
3
TAIWAN 2004
2004
Rih-Jheng 101 and
Ocean Researcher No. 2
Taiwan
23
Vauban
1978-1979
1978-1979
Vauban
New Caledonia
47
VOLSMAR
1989
Alis
New Hebrides Arc
25
Richer de Forges 1990
Laboute et al. 1989
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ressources marines de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie). Convention Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, Nouméa ORSTOM 14: 1-61.
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
GRANDPERRIN R., FARMAN R., LORANCE P., JOMESSY T., HAMEL P., LABOUTE, P., LABROSSE P., RICHER DE FORGES B., SÉRET B. & VIRLY S. 1997. —
Campagne HALIPRO 2 de chalutages exploratoires profonds dans le sud de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie (R/V Tangaroa, 4-28 novembre
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GRANDPERRIN R., LABOUTE P., PIANET R. & WANTIEZ L. 1990. — Campagne AZTEQUE de chalutage de fond au sud-est de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (N. O. Alis,
du 12 au 16 février 1990). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 7: 1-21.
GRANDPERRIN R. & RICHER DE FORGES B. 1989. — Observations réalisées à bord du submersible Cyana dans la zone épibathyale de Nouvelle-Calédonie
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LABOUTE P., LARDY M., MENOU J.-L., MONZIER M. & RICHER DE FORGES B. 1989. — La campagne VOLSMAR sur les volcans sous-marins du sud de l’arc des
Nouvelles-Hébrides (N.O. Alis, 29 mai au 9 juin 1989). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Terre, Géologie-Géophysique, ORSTOM, Nouméa 11: 1-22.
LEHODEY P., RICHER DE FORGES B., NAUGES C., GRANDPERRIN R. & RIVATON J. 1992. — Campagne BERYX 11 de pêche au chalut sur six monts sousmarins du Sud-Est de la Zone Economique de Nouvelle-Calédonie (N. O. Alis, 13 au 23 octobre 1992). Rapports de Missions, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie
Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 22: 1-93.
MOOSA M. K. 1985. — Report on the CORINDON Cruises. Marine Research in Indonesia, 24: 1-6.
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SMCB, Tahiti, 17 pp.
RICHER DE FORGES B. 1986. — La campagne MUSORSTOM IV en Nouvelle Calédonie; mission du N. O. Vauban, septembre-octobre 1985. Rapports
scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 38: 31 p.
RICHER DE FORGES B. 1990. — Explorations for bathyal fauna in the New Caledonian economic zone ), in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes
MUSORSTOM, volume 6. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, sér. A, 145: 9-54.
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meubles des lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Études et thèses, ORSTOM 1: 1-148.
RICHER DE FORGES B. 1993. — Campagnes d’exploration de la faune bathyale faites depuis mai 1989 dans la zone économique de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Listes
des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 10. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 156: 27-32.
RICHER DE FORGES B., BOUCHET P., DAYRAT B., WAREN A. & PHILIPPE J. S. 2000. — La campagne BORDAU 1 sur la ride de Lau (iles Fidji). Compte rendu
et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 21. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle
184: 25-38.
RICHER DE FORGES B. & CHEVILLON C. 1996. — Les campagnes d’échantillonnage du benthos bathyal en Nouvelle-Calédonie, en 1993 et 1994 (BATHUS
1 à 4, SMIB 8 et HALIPRO 1), in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 15. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle 168: 33-53.
RICHER DE FORGES B., CHEVILLON C., LABOUTE P., BARGIBANT G., MENOU J.-L. & TIRARD P. 1988. — La campagne CORAIL 2 sur le plateau des îles
Chesterfield (N.O. Coriolis et N.O. Alis, 18 juillet au 6 août 1988). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM,
Nouméa 50: 1-68.
RICHER DE FORGES B., FALIEX E. & MENOU J. L. 1996. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 8 dans l’archipel de Vanuatu. Compte rendu et liste des stations, in
CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 15. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 168: 9-32.
RICHER DE FORGES B. & GRANDPERRIN R. & LABOUTE P. 1987. — La campagne CHALCAL II sur les guyots de la ride de NORFOLK (N. O. Coriolis 26 octobre1er novembre 1986). Rapports scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 42: 1-42.
RICHER DE FORGES B. & LABOUTE P. 1989. — La campagne MUSORSTOM VI sur la ride des îles Loyauté (N.O. Alis, du 12 au 26 février 1989). Rapports
scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 51: 1-38.
RICHER DE FORGES B., LABOUTE P. & MENOU J.-L. 1986. — La campagne MUSORSTOM V aux îles Chesterfield N. O. Coriolis (5-24 octobre 1986). Rapports
scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 41: 1-31.
RICHER DE FORGES B. & MENOU J. L. 1993. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 7 dans la zone économique des iles Wallis et Futuna. Compte rendu et liste des
stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 10. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 156: 9-25.
RICHER DE FORGES B., NEWELL P., SCHLACHER-HOENLINGER M., SCHLACHER T., NATING D., CESA F. & BOUCHET P. 2000. — La campagne MUSORSTOM
10 dans l‘archipel des iles Fidji. Compte rendu et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 21. Mémoires
du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 184: 9-23.
RICHER DE FORGES B. & PIANET R., 1984. — Résultats préliminaires de la campagne CHALCAL à bord du N.O. Coriolis (12-31 juillet 1984). Rapports
scientifiques et techniques, Sciences de la Mer, Biologie Marine, ORSTOM, Nouméa 32: 1-28.
RICHER DE FORGES B., POUPIN J. & LABOUTE P. 1999. — La campagne MUSORSTOM 9 dans l’archipel des iles Marquises (Polynésie française). Compte rendu
et liste des stations, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 20. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle
180: 9-29.
ROUX M. 1994. — The CALSUB cruise on the bathyal slopes off New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 12.
Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 161: 9-47.
25
26
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
APPENDIX 2. Check list of molluscs recorded from New Caledonia from depths below 100 meters. References to the original descriptions / records are listed
in Appendix 4. An asterisk * indicates that the species was originally described from New Caledonia.
The sequence of the families follows Bouchet & Rocroi 2005 (Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397) for gastropods; Bieler & Mikkelsen 2006 (Zoological Journal of the
Linnean Society, 148: 223–235) for bivalves; Sirenko 2006 (Venus 65 (1-2): 27-49) for Polyplacophora; and Scarabino 1995 (Mémoires du Museum national
d’Histoire naturelle 167: 189-379) for Scaphopoda.
GASTROPODA
ATAPHRIDAE
Acremodontina boucheti Marshall, 1995a*
LEPETELLIDAE
Bichoristes wareni McLean, 1992*
ADDISONIIDAE
Helicopelta rostricola Marshall, 1996*
PLEUROTOMARIIDAE
Perotrochus boucheti Anseeuw & Poppe, 2001*
Perotrochus caledonicus Bouchet & Métivier, 1982*
Perotrochus deforgesi Métivier, 1990*
SCISSURELLIDAE
Sinezona globosa Geiger, 2006a*
Sinezona macleani Geiger, 2006a
SEGUENZIIDAE
Ancistrobasis adonis Marshall, 1991*
Ancistrobasis boucheti Marshall, 1991*
Ancistrobasis caledonica Marshall, 1991*
Ancistrobasis monodon (Schepman, 1908)
Ancistrobasis scitula Marshall, 1991*
Ancistrobasis tiara Marshall, 1991*
Anxietas exigua Marshall, 1991*
Anxietas inspirata Marshall, 1991*
Asthelys depressa Marshall, 1991*
Asthelys nitidula Marshall, 1991*
Asthelys semiplicata Marshall, 1991*
Basilissa superba Watson, 1879
Basilissopsis charcoti Marshall, 1991*
Calliobasis festiva Marshall, 1991*
Calliobasis merista Marshall, 1991*
Calliobasis nepticula Marshall, 1991*
Calliobasis phimosa Marshall, 1991*
Calliobasis spectrum Marshall, 1991*
Carenzia acanthodes Marshall, 1991*
Carenzia nitens Marshall, 1991*
Carenzia ornata Marshall, 1991*
Carenzia serrata Marshall, 1991*
Erastasthelys corona Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella asceta Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella brychia Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella euphanes Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella megalomphala Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella membranacea Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella polita Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella runcinata Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella stirophora Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella tenera Marshall, 1991*
Fluxinella xysila Marshall, 1991*
Hadroconus grandiosus Marshall, 1991*
Halystina caledonica Marshall, 1991*
Halystina carinata Marshall, 1991*
Halystina vaubani Marshall, 1991*
Quinnia laetifica Marshall, 1991*
Quinnia limatula Marshall, 1991*
Quinnia patula (Marshall, 1983)
Seguenzia chariessa Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia chelina Marshall, 1983
Seguenzia eidalima Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia emmeles Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia engonia Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia eutyches Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia iota Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia levii Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia matara Marshall, 1988
Seguenzia metivieri Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia platamodes Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia praeceps Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia richeri Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia stegastris Marshall, 1991*
Seguenzia wareni Marshall, 1991*
CHILODONTIDAE
Calliotropis acherontis Marshall, 1979
Calliotropis basileus Vilvens, 2004
Calliotropis blacki Marshall, 1979
Calliotropis chalkeie Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis cycloeides Vilvens, 2007
Calliotropis crystalophora Marshall, 1979
Calliotropis delli Marshall, 1979
Calliotropis denticulus Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis derbiosa Vilvens, 2004
Calliotropis echidnoides Vilvens, 2007
Calliotropis eucheloides Marshall, 1979
Calliotropis elephas Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis excelsior Vilvens, 2004
Calliotropis hataii Rehder & Ladd, 1973
Calliotropis hysterea Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis infundibulum (Watson, 1879)
Calliotropis lamellifera Jansen, 1994
Calliotropis limbifera (Schepman, 1908)
Calliotropis micraulax Vilvens, 2004*
Calliotropis multisquamosa (Schepman, 1908)
Calliotropis oros Vilvens, 2007
Calliotropis pistis Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis pyramoeides Vilvens, 2007*
Calloitropis rostrum Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis scalaris Lee & Wu, 2001
Calliotropis trieres Vilvens, 2007*
Calliotropis vilvensi Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006
Calliotropis zone Vilvens, 2007*
Danilia angulosa Vilvens & Héros, 2005*
Danilia kuroshio Okutani, 1968
TROCHIDAE
Kaiparathina boucheti Marshall, 1993b*
Kaiparathina coriolis Marshall, 1993b*
Kaiparathina cf. navakaensis (Ladd, 1982)
Kaiparathina vaubani Marshall, 1993b*
CALLIOSTOMATIDAE
Bathyfautor caledonicus Marshall, 1995b*
Bathyfautor coriolis Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma alisi Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma boucheti Marshall, 1995*
Calliostoma chesterfieldense Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma cristatum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma diadematum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma heros Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma houbricki Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma kanakorum Marshall, 2001 [= C. coronatum
Marshall, 1995b non Quinn, 1992]*
Calliostoma metivieri Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma necopinatum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma paradigmatum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma peregrinum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma periglyptum Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma pertinax Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma richeri Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma tosaense (Kuroda & Habe, 1961)
Calliostoma vaubani Marshall, 1995b*
Calliostoma xanthos Marshall, 1995b*
Fautrix aquilonia Marshall, 1995b*
Fautrix candida Marshall, 1995b*
Selastele pictum Marshall, 1995b*
Thysanodonta boucheti Marshall, 1988*
Thysanodonta cassis Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006*
Thysanodonta chesterfieldensis Marshall, 1995b*
Thysanodonta diadema Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006*
Thysanodonta eucosmia Marshall, 1995b*
Thysanodonta festiva Marshall, 1995b*
Thysanodonta opima Marshall, 1995b*
Thysanodonta pileum Vilvens & Maestrati, 2006*
TURBINIDAE
Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863)
Bolma henica (Watson, 1885)
Bolma opaoana Bouchet & Métivier, 1983*
CERITHIIDAE
Argyropeza izekiana Kuroda, 1949
Argyropeza porcellana (Watson, 1886)
Argyropeza schepmaniana Melvill, 1912
Cerithium abditum Houbrick, 1992*
Cerithium flemischi Martin, 1933
Cerithium matukense Watson, 1880
Cerithium ophioderma Habe, 1968
Varicopeza pauxilla (Adams, 1854)
CYPRAEIDAE
Cypraea langfordi (Kuroda, 1938)
Cypraea porteri Cate, 1966
Cypraea teramachii (Kuroda, 1938)
Lyncina porteri nigromaculata Lorenz, 2002*
Nesiocypraea langfordi cavatoensis Lorenz, 2002*
Nesiocypraea teramachii neocaledonica Lorenz, 2002*
Notadusta boucheti Lorenz, 2002*
Notadusta kastsuae guidoi Lorenz, 2002*
OVULIDAE
Cypraeopsis superstes Dolin, 1991*
Lunovula boucheti Lorenz, 2007*
PICKWORTHIIDAE
Mareleptopoma vaubani Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003*
Sansonia alisonae Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
ZEROTULIDAE
Frovina angularis Warén & Hain, 1996*
Trilirata herosae Warén & Hain, 1996*
Halgyrineum louisae (Lewis, 1974)
Ranella olearium (Linné, 1758)
Sassia remensa (Iredale, 1936)
RISSOIDAE
Rissoina boucheti Sleurs, 1991*
Rissoina longispira Sleurs, 1991*
Zebina reclina Sleurs, 1991*
Zebina retusa Sleurs, 1991*
HALOCERATIDAE
Haloceras exquisita Warén & Bouchet, 1991*
Haloceras heliptyx Warén & Bouchet, 1991*
Haloceras spinosa Warén & Bouchet, 1991*
Zygoceras biocalae Warén & Bouchet, 1991*
Zygoceras tropidophora Warén & Bouchet, 1991*
STROMBIDAE
Tibia laurenti Duchamps, 1992*
Tibia powisi Petit, 1840
TONNIDAE
Galeodea bituminata (Martin, 1933)
Oocorys sulcata Fischer, 1883
Oocorys verrillii (Dall, 1889)
Echinophoria wyvillei (Watson, 1886)
Eudolium bairdii (Verrill & Smith, 1881)
Eudolium pyriforme (Sowerby, 1914)
CASSIDAE
Cassis abbotti Bouchet, 1988*
BURSIDAE
Bufonaria ignobilis Beu 1987
Bufonaria nobilis (Reeve, 1844)
Bursa fijiensis (Watson, 1881)
Bursa fosteri Beu, 1987
Bursa latitudo Garrard, 1961
Bursa lucaensis Parth, 1991
Bursa quirihorai Beu, 1987
Bursa rhodostoma (G.B. Sowerby II, 1835)
Bursa rosa (Perry, 1811)
Tutufa bufo (Röding, 1798)
LAUBIERINIDAE
Pisanianura breviaxe (Kuroda & Habe, 1961)
Pisanianura grimaldii (Dautzenberg, 1889)
PERSONIDAE
Distorsio decipiens (Reeve, 1844)
Distorsio euconstricta Beu, 1987
Distorsio graceiellae Parth, 1989
Distorsio habei Lewis, 1972
Distorsio perdistorta Fulton, 1938
Distorsionella lewisi (Beu, 1978)
Distorsionella pseudaphera Beu, 1998*
Personopsis purpurata Beu, 1998*
Personopsis trigonaperta Beu, 1998*
RANELLIDAE
Biplex pulchra (Gray in Sowerby II, 1836)
Charonia lampas (Linné, 1758)
Cymatium comptum (A. Adams, 1855)
Cymatium dunkeri (Lischke, 1868)
Cymatium exaratum (Reeve, 1844)
Cymatium fittkaui Parth, 1991
Cymatium labiosum (Wood, 1828)
Cymatium rubeculum (Linné, 1758)
Cymatium tenuiliratum (Lischke, 1873)
Cymatium testudinarium (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
Gyrineum hirasei (Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961)
Gyrineum lacunatum (Mighels, 1845)
Gyrineum longicaudatum Beu, 1998*
Gyrineum roseum (Reeve, 1844)
TRIVIIDAE
Dolichupis producta (Gaskoin, 1936)
Trivellona abyssicola (Schepman, 1909)
Trivellona bulla Dolin, 2001*
Trivellona conjonctiva Dolin, 2001*
Trivellona cf. excelsa Iredale, 1931
Trivellona galea Dolin, 2001*
Trivellona oligopleura Dolin, 2001*
Trivellona paucicostata valerieae (Hart, 1996)
Trivellona sibogae (Schepman, 1909)
Trivellona speciosa (Kuroda & Cate, 1979)
Trivellona syzygia Dolin, 2001*
Trivia vitrosphaera Dolin, 2001*
XENOPHORIDAE
Xenophora granulosa Ponder, 1983*
Xenophora lamberti Souverbie, 1871
Xenophora pallidula (Reeve, 1842)
Xenophora tenuis Fulton, 1938
EPITONIIDAE
Amaea elegantula Garcia, 2003*
Amaea gazeoides Kuroda & Habe, 1950
Boreoscala ponderosa Garcia, 2003*
Cirsotrema bennettorum Garcia, 2000*
Cirsotrema herosae Garcia, 2003
Cirsotrema plexis Dall, 1925
Cirsotrema richeri Garcia, 2003*
Cycloscala armata Garcia, 2004b
Cycloscala gazae Kilburn, 1985
Cycloscala hyalina (G.B. Sowerby, 1844)
Cylindroscala humerosa (Schepman, 1909)
Epitonium bevdeynzerae Garcia, 2001
Epitonium deschampsi Garcia, 2003*
Epitonium juanitae Garcia, 2003
Epitonium maestratii Garcia 2003*
Gregorioiscala barazeri Garcia, 2004a*
Gregorioiscala burcheri (DuShane, 1988)
Gregorioiscala levismaculosa Garcia, 2004a*
Gregorioiscala nierstraszi (Schepman, 1909)
Gyroscala mikeleei Garcia, 2003
Opalia crassilabrum (Sowerby, 1844)
Opalia megalodon Garcia, 2004a*
Opalia neocaledonica Garcia, 2004a*
Opalia sumatrensis (Thiele, 1925)
Opalia thorsenae Garcia, 2004a*
Opalia velumnuptialis Garcia, 2004a*
Opalia wareni Garcia, 2004a*
Periapta weili Garcia, 2003*
EULIMIDAE
Trochostilifer mortenseni Warén, 1980*
BUCCINIDAE
Belomitra pacifica (Dall, 1908)
Cancellopollia gracilis Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998*
Cancellopollia ustulata Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998*
Cantharus septemcostatus Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998*
Euthria cummulata Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Euthria philpoppei Fraussen, 2002*
Euthria septa Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Euthria solifer Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Nassaria acuminata (Reeve, 1844)
Nassaria solida Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961
Nassaria spinigera (Hayashi & Habe, 1965)
Phos alabastrum Fraussen, 2003*
Phos boucheti Fraussen, 2003*
Phos deforgesi Fraussen, 2003*
Pollia pellita Vermeij & Bouchet 1998*
Serratifusus excelens Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Serratifusus harasewychi Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Serratifusus lineatus Harasewych, 1991*
Serratifusus sitanius Fraussen & Hadorn, 2003*
Serratifusus virginiae Harasewych, 1991*
Siphonofusus vicdani Kosuge, 1992
FASCIOLARIIDAE
Amiantofusus candoris Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn,
2007*
Amiantofusus maestratii Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn,
2007*
Amiantofusus pacificus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn,
2007*
Amiantofusus sebalis Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007*
Fusinus alcyoneum Hadorn & Fraussen, 2006*
Fusinus alisae Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003*
Fusinus artutus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003
Fusinus cadus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003*
Fusinus chrysodomoides (Schepman, 1911)
Fusinus colus (Linné, 1798)
Fusinus laviniae Snyder & Hadorn, 2006*
Fusinus nobilis (Reeve, 1847)
Fusinus riscus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003*
Fusinus salisburyi Fulton, 1930
Fusinus scissus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003*
Fusinus similis (Baird, 1873)
Fusinus thermariensis Hadorn & Fraussen, 2006*
Fusinus wareni Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003*
Fusolatirus balicasagensis (Bozzetti, 1997)
Fusolatirus luteus Snyder & Bouchet, 2006*
Fusolatirus pachyus Snyder & Bouchet, 2006*
Fusolatirus rikae (Fraussen, 2003)
Granulifusus bacciballus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005*
Granulifusus balbus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005*
Granulifusus benjamini Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005*
Granulifusus geometricus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005
Granulifusus kiranus Shuto, 1958
Granulifusus libratus (Watson, 1886)
Granulifusus staminatus (Garrard, 1966)
NASSARIIDAE
Cyllene fuscata A. Adams, 1851
Cyllene pulchella Adams & Reeve, 1850
Nassarius acuminatus (Marrat, 1880)
Nassarius arcus Cernohorsky, 1991*
Nassarius babylonicus (Watson, 1882)
Nassarius boucheti Kool, 2004a*
Nassarius crebricostatus (Schepman, 1911)
Nassarius euglyptus (Sowerby, 1914)
Nassarius herosae Kool, 2005a*
Nassarius himeroessa (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
Nassarius macrocephalus (Schepman, 1911)
Nassarius multipunctatus (Schepman, 1911)
27
28
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
Nassarius olomea Kay, 1979
Nassarius richeri Cernohorsky, 1992*
Nassarius siquijorensis (Adams, 1852)
Nassarius vanpeli Kool, 2005a*
Nassarius vidalensis (Barnard, 1959)
MURICIDAE
Actinotrophon fragilis Houart, 1996*
Apixystus leptos Houart, 1995b*
Babelomurex armatus (G.B. Sowerby, 1912)
Babelomurex couturieri (Jousseaume, 1898)
Babelomurex diadema (A. Adams, 1854)
Babelomurex fruticosus (Kosuge, 1979)
Babelomurex glaber Kosuge, 1998
Babelomurex depressispiratus Oliverio, this volume*
Babelomurex fusiformis (Martens, 1902)
Babelomurex indicus (Smith, 1899)
Babelomurex japonicus (Dunker, 1882)
Babelomurex kawanishii (Kosuge, 1979)
Babelomurex lischkeanus (Dunker, 1882)
Babelomurex macrocephalus Oliverio, this volume*
Babelomurex cf. mediopacificus (Kosuge, 1979)
Babelomurex memimarumai Kosuge, 1985
Babelomurex miyokoae Kosuge, 1985
Babelomurex cf. nakamigawai (Kuroda, 1959)
Babelomurex nakayasui (Shikama, 1970)
Babelomurex natalabies Oliverio, this volume*
Babelomurex neocaledonicus Kosuge & Oliverio, 2001*
Babelomurex pallox Oliverio, this volume*
Babelomurex princeps (Melvill, 1912)
Babelomurex purpuraterminus (Kosuge, 1979)
Babelomurex shingomarumai (Kosuge, 1981)
Babelomurex spinosus (Hirase, 1908)
Babelomurex tosanus (Hirase, 1908)
Babelomurex cf. tuberosus (Kosuge, 1980)
Babelomurex tumidus Kosuge, 1980
Babelomurex virginiae Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004*
Babelomurex wormaldi (Powell, 1971)
Babelomurex yamatoensis Kosuge, 1986
Bouchetia vaubanensis (Houart, 1986)*
Chicomurex laciniatus (Sowerby, 1841)
Chicoreus pliciferoides Kuroda, 1942
Chicoreus superbus (Sowerby, 1889)
Chicoreus orchidiflorus (Shikama, 1973)
Chicoreus boucheti Houart, 1983*
Chicoreus paucifrondosus Houart, 1988*
Chicoreus subpalmatus Houart, 1988*
Conchatalos canalibrevis Houart, 1995b*
Conchatalos lacrima (Houart, 1991a)*
Conchatalos tirardi (Houart, 1991a)*
Conchatalos vaubani Houart, 1995b*
Coralliophila bathus Oliverio, this volume*
Coralliophila cancellarioidea Oliverio, this volume*
Coralliophila carnosa Kosuge, 1986
Coralliophila fimbriata (A. Adams, 1854)
Coralliophia cf. fritschi (Martens, 1874)
Coralliophila inflata (Dunker in Philippi, 1847)
Coralliophila mitraeforma Kosuge, 1985
Coralliophila nodosa (A. Adams, 1854)
Coralliophila norfolk Oliverio, this volume*
Coralliophila nukuhiva Oliverio, 2008
Coralliophila cf. ovoidea (Kosuge, 1985)
Coralliophila pulchella (A. Adams, 1854)
Coralliophila rhomboidea Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004*
Coralliophila roseocephala Kosuge, 1986
Coralliophila solutistoma Kuroda & Shikama in
Shikama, 1966
Cytharomorula danigoi Houart, 1995a*
Cytharomorula grayi (Dall, 1889)
Cytharomorula pinguis Houart, 1995a*
Cytharomorula vexillum Kuroda, 1953
Daphnellopsis fimbriata (Hinds, 1843)
Dermomurex wareni Houart, 1990b*
Favartia leonae D’Attilio & Myers, 1985
Haustellum dentifer coriolis Houart, 1990b*
Hirtomurex filiaregis (Kurohara, 1959)
Hirtomurex cf. isshikiensis (Shikama, 1971)
Hirtomurex kawamurai (Shikama, 1978)
Hirtomurex marshalli Oliverio, this volume*
Hirtomurex teramachii (Kuroda, 1959)
Ingensia brithys Houart, 2001*
Ingensia ingens (Houart, 1987)*
Latiaxis hayashii Shikama, 1966
Latiaxis pilsbryi Hirase, 1908
Leptotrophon acerapex (Houart, 1986)*
Leptotrophon alis Houart, 2001*
Leptotrophon bernadettae Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon biocalae Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon caledonicus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon caroae Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon charcoti Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon chlidanos Houart, 2001*
Leptotrophon coralensis Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon coriolis Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon inaequalis Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon levii Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon lineorugosus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon marshalli Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon metivieri Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon minispinosus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon musorstomae Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon perclarus Houart, 2001*
Leptotrophon protocarinatus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon richeri Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon rigidus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon spinacutus (Houart, 1986)*
Leptotrophon surprisensis Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon turritellatus Houart, 1995b*
Leptotrophon virginiae Houart, 1995b*
Lindapterys murex (Hedley), 1922
Litozamia tropis Houart, 1995b*
Mipus alis Oliverio, this volume
Mipus coriolisi Kosuge & Oliverio, 2004*
Mipus mamimarumai (Kosuge, 1981)
Mipus matsumotoi Kosuge, 1985
Mipus sugitanii Kosuge, 1985
Mipus tonganus Oliverio, this volume
Mipus tortuosus (Azuma, 1961)
Murex protocrassus Houart, 1990b*
Muricopsis bargibanti Houart, 1991a*
Muricopsis charcoti Houart, 1991a*
Muricopsis metivieri Houart, 1988*
Orania pacifica (Nakayama, 1988)
Pagodula multigrada (Houart, 1990a)*
Pagodula obtuselirata (Schepman, 1911)
Pagodula procera Houart, 2001*
Pazinotus oliverae (Kosuge, 1984)
Pazinotus sibogae (Schepman, 1911)
Pazinotus spectabilis Houart, 1991a*
Ponderia caledonica Houart, 1988*
Ponderia elephantina Houart, 1990a*
Ponderia magna Houart, 1988*
Pterynotus crauroptera Houart, 1991a*
Pterynotus fulgens Houart, 1988*
Pterynotus levii Houart, 1988*
Pterynotus richeri Houart, 1987*
Pterynotus rubidus Houart, 2001*
Pterynotus stenostoma Houart, 1991a*
Pygmaepterys menoui Houart, 1990a*
Rhizochilus cf. antipathum Steenstrup, 1850
Siphonochelus angustus Houart, 1991b*
Siphonochelus boucheti Houart, 1991b*
Siphonochelus lozoueti Houart, 1991a*
Siphonochelus pavlova (Iredale, 1936)
Siphonochelus saltantis Houart, 1991b*
Siphonochelus tillierae Houart, 1986*
Siphonochelus unicornis Houart, 1991b*
Siphonochelus undulatus Houart, 1991b*
Trophonopsis minirotundus Houart, 1986*
Trophonopsis plicilaminatus (Verco, 1909)
Typhis imperialis Keen & Campbell, 1964
Typhis insolitus Houart, 1991a*
Typhis virginiae Houart, 1986*
Xastilia kosugei Bouchet & Houart, 1994*
COSTELLARIIDAE
Austromitra cernohorskyi Turner, 2008*
Vexillum obeliscus (Reeve, 1844)
Vexillum radix (Sowerby, 1874)
Vexillum sculptile (Reeve, 1845)
CYSTISCIDAE
Persicula quemeneri Cossignani, 2001*
HARPIDAE
Morum bruuni (Powell, 1958)
Morum teramachii Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961
Morum uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961
MARGINELLIDAE
Alaginella cottoni Boyer, 2001*
Dentimargo alisae Boyer, 2001*
Dentimargo biocal Boyer, 2002*
Dentimargo cingulatus Boyer, 2002*
Dentimargo grandidietti Cossignani, 2001*
Dentimargo guionneti Cossignani, 2001*
Dentimargo spongiarum Boyer, 2001*
Dentimargo stylaster Boyer, 2001*
Dentimargo tropicensis Boyer, 2002*
Dentimargo virginiae Boyer, 2001*
Gibberula nebulosa Boyer, 2002*
Haloginella boucheti Boyer, 2001*
Hydroginella gemella Boyer, 2001*
Hydroginella richeri Boyer, 2001*
Hydroginella tuii Cossignani, 2001*
Protoginella caledonica Boyer, 2001*
Protoginella laseroni Boyer, 2001*
Protoginella maestratii Boyer, 2002*
Prunum caledonicum Cossignani, 2001*
Serrata amphora Boyer, this volume*
Serrata arcuata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata aureosa Boyer, this volume*
Serrata bathusi Boyer, this volume*
Serrata carinata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata coriolis Boyer, this volume*
Serrata cylindrata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata dentata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata exquisita Boyer, this volume*
Serrata fusulina Boyer, this volume*
Serrata gradata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata granum Boyer, this volume*
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
Serrata hians Boyer, this volume*
Serrata inflata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata laevis Boyer, this volume*
Serrata lifouana Boyer, this volume*
Serrata magna Boyer, this volume*
Serrata minima Boyer, this volume*
Serrata occidentalis Boyer, this volume*
Serrata orientalis Boyer, this volume*
Serrata ovata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata perlucida Boyer, this volume*
Serrata procera Boyer, this volume*
Serrata pupoides Boyer, this volume*
Serrata quadrifasciata Boyer, this volume*
Serrata robusta Boyer, this volume*
Serrata simplex Boyer, this volume*
Serrata sinuosa Boyer, this volume*
Serrata summa Boyer, this volume*
Serrata tenuis Boyer, this volume*
Serrata veneria Boyer, this volume*
Serrataginella beatrix Cossignani, 2001*
MITRIDAE
Cancilla abyssicola (Schepman, 1911)
Eumitra apheles Lozouet, 1991*
Eumitra caledonica Lozouet, 1991*
Eumitra imbricata Lozouet, 1991*
Eumitra richeri Lozouet, 1991*
Mitra deprofundis Turner, 2001*
Mitra pele Cernohorsky, 1970
TURBINELLIDAE
Ceratoxancus basileus Kantor & Bouchet, 1997*
Ceratoxancus elongatus Sakurai, 1958
Ceratoxancus leios Kantor & Bouchet, 1997*
Ceratoxancus melichrous Kantor & Bouchet, 1997*
Ceratoxancus niveus Kantor & Bouchet, 1997*
Ceratoxancus teramachii Kuroda, 1952
Coluzea faceta Harasewych, 1991*
Exilia graphiduloides Kantor & Bouchet, 2001*
Exilia hilgendorfi (Martens, 1897)
Exilia vagrans Kantor & Bouchet, 2001
Fustifusus pinicola (Darragh, 1987)
Latiromitra paiciorum Bouchet & Kantor, 2000b*
VOLUTIDAE
Alcithoe aillaudorum Bouchet & Poppe, 1988*
Calliotectum egregium Bouchet & Poppe, 1995*
Calliotectum piersonorum Bouchet & Poppe, 1995*
Calliotectum tibiaeforme (Kuroda, 1931)
Cymbiolacca thatcheri (McCoy, 1868)
Lyria exorata Bouchet & Poppe, 1988*
Lyria grandidieri Bail, 2002*
Lyria guionneti Poppe & Conde, 2001*
Lyria habei Okutani, 1979
Lyria kuniene Bouchet, 1979*
Lyria planicostata (Sowerby, 1903)
Lyria poppei Bail, 2002*
VOLUTOMITRIDAE
Microvoluta amphissa Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta cryptomitra Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta cythara Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta dolichura Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta echinata Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta engonia Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta joloensis Cernohorsky, 1970
Microvoluta mitrella Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Microvoluta respergens Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
Volutomitra glabella Bouchet & Kantor, 2000a*
Volutomitra vaubani Cernohorsky, 1982*
Volutomitra ziczac Bouchet & Kantor, 2004*
OLIVIDAE
Amalda allaryi Bozzetti, 2007*
Amalda aureomarginata Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988*
Amalda bellonarum Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988*
Amalda coriolis Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988*
Amalda fuscolingua Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988*
Amalda hilgendorfi richeri Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988*
Amalda maritzae Bozzetti, 2007*
Amalda montrouzieri (Souverbie, 1860)
Belloliva alaos Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva apoma Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva dorcas Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva ellenae Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva exquisita (Angas, 2007)
Belloliva iota Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva obeon Kantor & bouchet, 2007*
Belloliva simplex (Pease, 1868)
Calyptoliva amblys Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Calyptoliva bolis Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Calyptoliva tatyanae Kantor & Bouchet, 2007*
Entomoliva mirabilis Bouchet & Kilburn, 1991*
Entomoliva incisa Bouchet & Kilburn, 1991*
PSEUDOLIVIDAE
Benthobia tornatilis Simone, 2003*
Fusulculus albus Bouchet & Vermeij, 1998*
Fusulculus crenatus Bouchet & Vermeij, 1998*
CONIDAE
Conus aphrodite Petuch, 1979
Conus armadillo Shikama, 1971
Conus alisi Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995*
Conus baileyi Röckel & da Motta, 1979
Conus boholensis Petuch, 1979
Conus boucheti Richard, 1983*
Conus bruuni Powell, 1958
Conus capitanellus Fulton, 1938
Conus cervus Lamarck, 1822
Conus chiangi (Azuma, 1972)
Conus comatosa Pilsbry, 1904
Conus darkini Röckel & Richard, 1993*
Conus dusaveli (H. Adams, 1872)
Conus estivali Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995*
Conus excelsus Sowerby III, 1908
Conus gondwanensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995*
Conus howelli Iredale, 1929
Conus ichinoseana (Kuroda, 1956)
Conus ione Fulton, 1938
Conus kanakinus Richard, 1983*
Conus kimioi (Habe, 1965)
Conus kuroharai (Habe, 1965)
Conus lani Crandall, 1979
Conus loyaltiensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995*
Conus luciae Moolenbeek, 1986*
Conus orbignyi coriolisi Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995*
Conus pagodus Kiener, 1845
Conus pergrandis (Iredale, 1937)
Conus plinthis Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988*
Conus polongimarumai Kosuge, 1980
Conus profundorum (Kuroda, 1956)
Conus raoulensis Powell, 1958
Conus richeri Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988*
Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder, 1943
Conus stupa (Kuroda, 1956)
Conus sugimotonis Kuroda, 1928
Conus teramachii (Kuroda, 1956)
Conus tribblei queenslandis Da Motta, 1984
Conus vaubani Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995*
TEREBRIDAE
Duplicaria teramachii Burch, 1965
Terebra alisi Aubry, 1999
Terebra campbelli Burch, 1965
Terebra coriolisi Aubry, 1999*
Terebra exiguoides Schepman, 1913
Terebra jungi Lai, 2001
Terebra lima Deshayes, 1857
Terebra noumeaensis Aubry, 1999*
Terebra orientalis Aubry, 1999*
Terebra pretiosa Reeve, 1842
Terebra textilis Hinds, 1844
Terebra vaubani Aubry, 1999*
“TURRIDAE” s. l.
Bathytoma atractoides (Watson, 1881)
Bathytoma colorata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001
Benthofascis lozoueti Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Buccinaria pygmaea Bouchet & Sysoev, 1997*
Cochlespira simillima Powell, 1969
Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
Comitas pachycercus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Daphnella cladara Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Daphnella itonis Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Daphnella pulviscula Chino, 2006
Drillia poecila Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Funa hadra Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Gemmuloborsonia jarrigei Sysoev & Bouchet, 1996
Gemmuloborsonia neocaledonica Sysoev & Bouchet,
1996*
Glyphostoma rostrata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Gymnobela eridmata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Gymnobela procera Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913)
Gymnobela yoshidai (Kuroda & Habe, 1961)
Horaiclavus anaimus Sysoev in Fedosov & Kantor, 2008*
Horaiclavus phaeocercus Sysoev in Fedosov & Kantor,
2008*
Inquisitor hormophorus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Leiosyrinx immedicata Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001*
Leiosyrinx liphaima Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001*
Lusitanops dictyota Sysoev, 1997
Plagiostropha caledoniensis Wells, 1995*
Plagiostropha hexagona Wells, 1995*
Rocroithys perissus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Spergo aithorrhis Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
Spergo fusiformis (Kuroda & Habe, 1961)
Splendrillia angularia Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia boucheti Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia brycei Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia carolae Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia elongata Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia globosa Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia houbricki Wells, 1995
Splendrillia intermedia Wells, 1995
Splendrillia persica (Smith, 1888)
Splendrillia problematica Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia solicitata (Sowerby, 1913)
Splendrillia striata Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia taylori Wells, 1995*
29
30
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
Splendrillia triconica Wells, 1995*
Splendrillia wayae Wells, 1995*
Teretiopsis hyalina Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001
Typhlosyrinx neocaledoniensis Bouchet & Sysoev, 2001*
Zemacies excelsa Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001*
CANCELLARIIDAE
Admetula emarginata Bouchet & Petit, 2008*
Africotriton adelphum Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Fusiaphera macrospira (Adams & Reeve, 1850)
Merica marisca Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Mirandaphera cayrei Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Mirandaphera maestratii Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Nipponaphera argo Bouchet & Petit, 2008*
Nipponaphera cyphoma Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Nipponaphera goniata Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Nipponaphera nodosivaricosa (Petuch, 1979)
Nipponaphera pardalis Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Sveltia rocroii Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Sveltia splendidula Bouchet & Petit, 2002*
Trigonostoma thysthlon Petit & Harasewych, 1987
Trigonostoma tryblium Bouchet & Petit, 2008
Zeadmete bathyomon Bouchet & Petit, 2008*
Zeadmete bilix Bouchet & Petit 2008*
ACTEONIDAE
“Acteon” aphyodes Valdés, this volume
“Acteon” boteroi Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” buccinus Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” chauliodous Valdés, this volume*
Acteon chrystomatus Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” cohibilis Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” comptus Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” editus Valdés, this volume
“Acteon” fortis Thiele, 1925
“Acteon” herosae Valdés, this volume*
Acteon ionfasciatus Valdés, this volume
“Acteon” laetus Thiele, 1925
“Acteon” loyautensis Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” osexiguus Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” profundus Valdés, this volume*
“Acteon” rhektos Valdés, this volume
“Acteon” ringiculoides Valdés, this volume*
Bathyacteon aequatorialis (Thiele, 1925)
Crenilabium pacificus Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961
Japonacteon sieboldii (Reeve, 1842)
Obrussena bracteata (Iredale, 1925)
Rictaxis sanguinea Valdés, this volume
BULLINIDAE
Bullina rubropunctata Valdés, this volume
ARCHITECTONICIDAE
Pseudomalaxis cornuammonis (Melvill & Standen,
1903)
Pseudomalaxis zanclaeus meridionalis (Hedley, 1903)
Spirolaxis rotulacatharinae (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
MATHILDIDAE
Mathilda boucheti Bieler, 1995*
Mathilda decorata Hedley, 1903
Mathilda fusca (Okutani & Habe, 1981)
Mathilda cf. hendersoni Dall, 1927
Mathilda houbricki Bieler, 1995*
Mathilda maculosa Bieler, 1995*
Mathilda maoria (Powell, 1940)
Mathilda richeri Bieler, 1995*
Mathilda salve Barnard, 1963
Mathilda cf. sansibarica Thiele, 1925
Tuba fuscocincta Bieler, 1995*
Tuba valkyrie (Powell, 1971)
BATHYDORIDIDAE
Bathydoris spiralis Valdés, 2002*
DIAPHANIDAE
Toledonia epongensis Valdés, this volume*
Toledonia neocaledonica Valdés, this volume*
DORIDIDAE
Austrodoris caeca Valdés, 2001*
Austrodoris kerguelenensis (Bergh, 1884)
Austrodoris laboutei Valdés, 2001*
Pharodoris diaphora Valdés, 2001*
HAMINOEIDAE
Micratys wareni Valdés, this volume*
CHROMODORIDIDAE
Cadlina abyssicola Valdés, 2001*
PHILINIDAE
Philine babai Valdés, this volume
Philine cumingii (A. Adams, 1862)
Philine habei Valdés, this volume
DISCODORIDIDAE
Atagema boucheti Valdés & Gosliner, 2001*
Baptodoris phinei Valdés, 2001*
Diaulula immaculata Valdés, 2001*
Discodoris achroma Valdés, 2001*
Gargamella wareni Valdés & Gosliner, 2001*
Geitodoris pallida Valdés, 2001*
Halgerda azteca Fahey & Gosliner, 2000*
Halgerda fibra Fahey & Gosliner, 2000*
Nophodoris armata Valdés & Gosliner, 2001*
Nophodoris infernalis Valdés & Gosliner, 2001*
Paradoris araneosa Valdés, 2001*
Paradoris imperfecta Valdés, 2001*
Rostanga ankyra Valdés, 2001*
Sclerodoris virgulata Valdés, 2001*
AGLAJIDAE
Philinopsis cyanea (Martens, 1879)
CYLICHNIDAE
Acteocina gracilis (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850)
Acteocina voluta (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
Cylichna biplicata (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850)
Cylichna consobrinoides Kuroda & Habe, 1952
Cylichna grovesi Valdés, this volume*
Cylichna involuta (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850)
Cylichna cf. protracta Gould, 1859
Cylichna tanyumphalos Valdés, this volume*
Cylichnium ancillarioides (Schepman, 1913)
Cylichnium mucronatum Valdés, this volume
Cylichnium nanum Valdés, this volume
Roxania pacifica (Habe, 1955)
Roxania punctulata A. Adams, 1862
Roxania smithae Valdés, this volume
Sabatia nivea (Watson, 1883)
Sabatia pustulosa Dall, 1895
Sabatia pyriformis Valdés, this volume*
Scaphander japonicus A. Adams, 1862
Scaphander mundus Watson, 1883
Truncacteocina arata (Watson, 1883)
GASTROPTERIDAE
Gastropteron sibogae Bergh, 1905
RETUSIDAE
Pyrunculus pyriformis (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850)
Relichna hadra Valdés, this volume*
Relichna pachys (Watson, 1883)
Relichna sumatrana (Thiele, 1925)
Relichna truncatula (Schepman, 1913)
Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862)
Retusa abyssicola Valdés, this volume*
Retusa crispula (Watson, 1883)
Retusa famelica Watson, 1883
Retusa insolita Valdés, this volume*
Retusa lenis Valdés, this volume*
Retusa sulcata (Watson, 1883)
Retusa trunca Valdés, this volume*
Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899
Volvulella fortis (Thiele, 1925)
Volvulella multistriata Valdés, this volume*
Volvulella onoae Valdés, this volume*
PLEUROBRANCHIDAE
Pleurobranchaea catherinae Dayrat, 2001*
PHYLLIDIIDAE
Phyllidia orstomi Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidia scottjohnsoni Brunckhorst, 1993
Phyllidiella pustulosa (Cuvier, 1804)
Phyllidiopsis anomala Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis brunckhorsti Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis circularis Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis holothuriana Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis lozoueti Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis macrotuberculata Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis neocaledonica Valdés, 2001*
Phyllidiopsis richeri Valdés, 2001*
DENDRODORIDIDAE
Dendrodoris brodieae Valdés, 2001*
Dendrodoris orbicularis Valdés, 2001*
SCAPHOPODA
DENTALIIDAE
Antalis albatrossae Scarabino, this volume*
Antalis alis Scarabino, this volume*
Antalis boissevainae Palmer, 1974
Antalis boucheti Scarabino, 1995*
Antalis gardineri (Melvill, 1909)
Antalis maestratii Scarabino, this volume
Antalis usitatum (Smith, 1894)
Antalis tibanum (Nomura, 1940)
Coccodentalium gemmiparum (Melvill, 1909)
Compressidentalium ceciliae Scarabino, 1995*
Compressidentalium clathratum (Martens, 1881)
Compressidentalium compressiusculum (Boissevain,
1906)
Compressidentalium harasewychi Scarabino, this
volume*
Compressidentalium legoffi Scarabino, this volume*
Compressidentalium subcurvatum (Smith, 1906)
Dentalium caledonicum Scarabino, 1995*
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
Dentalium crosnieri Scarabino, 1995*
Dentalium debitusae Scarabino, this volume*
Dentalium deforgesi Scarabino, 1995*
Dentalium malekulensis Scarabino, this volume
Dentalium oryx Boissevain, 1906
Dentalium pluricostatum Boissevain, 1906
Dentalium poindimiensis Scarabino, this volume*
Dentalium scarabinoi Steiner & Kabat, 2004 [= D.
flavum Scarabino, 1995 non Henderson, 1920]*
Paradentalium kabati Scarabino, this volume
Fissidentalium cornubovis (Smith, 1906)
Fissidentalium levii Scarabino, 1995*
Fissidentalium magnificum (Smith, 1896)
Fissidentalium malayanum (Boissevain, 1906)
Fissidentalium profundorum (Smith, 1894)
Fissidentalium transversostriatum (Boissevain, 1906)
Fissidentalium waterhousae Lamprell & Healy, 1998
Graptacme acutissima (Watson, 1879
Plagioglypta pertracheata (Plate, 1908)
Striodentalium kanakorum Scarabino, 1995*
Striodentalium rhabdotum (Pilsbry, 1905)
Striodentalium thetidis (Hedley, 1903)
CALLIODENTALIIDAE
Calliodentalium balanoides (Plate, 1908)
Calliodentalium crocinum (Dall, 1907)
FUSTIARIIDAE
Fustiaria caesura (Colman, 1958)
Fustiaria langfordi (Habe, 1963)
Fustiaria mariae Scarabino, this volume*
Fustiaria steineri Scarabino, this volume*
Fustiaria vagina Scarabino, 1995*
GADILINIDAE
Episiphon virginieae Scarabino, 1995*
Gadilina insolita (Smith, 1894)
Gadilina pachypleura (Boissevain, 1906)
LAEVIDENTALIIDAE
Laevidentalium coruscum (Pilsbry, 1905)
Laevidentalium gofasi Scarabino, 1995*
Laevidentalium houbricki Scarabino, 1995*
Laevidentalium leptosceles (Watson, 1879)
Laevidentalium(?) sominium Okutani, 1964
ENTALINIDAE
Bathoxiphus inexpectatus Scarabino, 1995*
Bathoxiphus soyomaruae Okutani, 1964
Entalina dorsicosta Lamprell & Healy, 1998
Entalinopsis micra Scarabino, 1995*
Entalinopsis stellata Scarabino, 1995*
Pertusiconcha tridentata Chistikov, 1982
Rhomboxiphus colmani (Palmer, 1974)
Rhomboxiphus tricarinatus (Boissevain, 1906)
Solenoxiphus striatulus Chistikov, 1983
Spadentalina ingrata Scarabino, 1995*
PULSELLIDAE Scarabino, 1982
Pulsellum stoliczkai Scarabino, this volume*
Pulsellum thomassini Scarabino, 1995*
Striopulsellum minimum (Plate, 1908)
GADILIDAE Stoliczka, 1868
Bathycadulus fabrizioi Scarabino, 1995*
Cadulus aequatorialis Jaeckel, 1932
Cadulus deschampsi Scarabino, this volume*
Cadulus deverdensis Scarabino, this volume*
Cadulus glans Scarabino, 1995*
Cadulus lemniscoides Scarabino, this volume
Cadulus loyaltyensis Scarabino, this volume*
Cadulus rocroii Scarabino, this volume*
Cadulus scarabinoi Steiner & Kabat, 2004 [= D.
martini Scarabino, 1995 non Finlay, 1927]*
Cadulus simillimus Watson, 1879
Cadulus sofiae Scarabino, 1995*
Compressidens(?) caecum Scarabino, this volume*
Compressidens hienghenensis Scarabino, this volume*
Dischides celeciai Scarabino, this volume*
Dischides prionotus (Watson, 1879)
Gadila delphinae Scarabino, this volume*
Gadila desaintlaurentae Scarabino, 1995*
Gadila doumenci Scarabino, 1995*
Gadila elenae Scarabino, 1995*
Gadila hysteraulax Scarabino, this volume*
Gadila lozoueti Scarabino, this volume*
Gadila monodonta Scarabino, 1995*
Gadila vanuatuensis Scarabino, this volume
Gadila virginalis (Boissevain, 1906)
Megaentalina mediocarinata (Boissevain, 1906)
Siphonodentalium colubridens (Watson, 1879)
Siphonodentalium hexaschistum (Boissevain, 1906)
Siphonodentalium magnum (Boissevain, 1906)
POLYPLACOPHORA
FERREIRAELLIDAE
Ferreiraella plana (Nierstrasz, 1905)
LEPTOCHITONIDAE
Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878
Leptochiton perscitus Kaas, 1991*
Leptochiton saitoi Sirenko, 2001*
Leptochiton vanbellei Sirenko, 2001*
Leptochiton vaubani Kaas, 1991*
ISCHNOCHITONIDAE
Connexochiton discernibilis Kaas, 1991*
Ischnochiton crassus Kaas, 1985
Ischnochiton delicatus Kaas, 1991*
Ischnochiton robustus Kaas, 1991*
LORICIDAE
Loricella dellangeloi Sirenko, this volume*
Loricella eernissei Sirenko, this volume*
Loricella profundior (Dell, 1956)
Loricella vanbellei Sirenko, this volume*
Leptochiton vietnamensis Sirenko, 1998
CALLOCHITONIDAE
Vermichiton vermiculus Kaas, 1991*
CHITONIDAE
Tegulaplax pulchra Kaas, 1991*
ACANTHOCHITONIDAE
Craspedochiton hystricosus Kaas, 1991*
Notoplax richeri Kaas, 1990*
BIVALVIA
NUCULIDAE
Leionucula strangei (Adams, 1856)
Nucula kanaka Bergmans, 1991*
Nucula libera Bergmans, 1991*
Nucula nitidulaformis Powell, 1971
Nucula oppressa Bergmans, 1991*
LIMIDAE
Acesta saginata Marshall, 2001*
PECTINIDAE
Cryptopecten bullatus (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912)
Cryptopecten nux (Reeve, 1853)
Delectopecten alcocki (E. A. Smith, 1904)
Delectopecten fluctuatus (Bavay, 1905)
Delectopecten musorstomi Poutiers, 1981*
Hyalopecten mireilleae Dijkstra, 1995*
Laevichlamys deliciosa (Iredale, 1939)
Laevichlamys kauaiensis Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
Mirapecten rastellum (Lamarck, 1819)
Pseudohinnites levii Dijkstra, 1989*
Veprichlamys kiwaensis Powell, 1933
ENTOLIIDAE
Pectinella aequoris Dijkstra, 1991*
PROPEAMUSSIIDAE
Cyclochlamys favus (Hedley, 1902)
Cyclopecten horridus Dijkstra, 1995*
Cyclopecten pellucidulus Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium cristatellum (Dautzenberg & Bavay,
1912)
Parvamussium multiliratum Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium retiaculum Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium retiolum Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium scitulum (E. A. Smith, 1885)
Parvamussium squalidulum Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium texturatum (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912)
Parvamussium thetidis (Hedley, 1902)
Parvamussium torresi (E. A. Smith, 1885)
Parvamussium undisonum Dijkstra, 1995*
Parvamussium vesiculatum Dijkstra, 1995*
Propeamussium alcocki (E. A. Smith, 1894)
Propeamussium andamanicum (E. A. Smith, 1894)
Propeamussium caducum (E. A. Smith, 1885)
Propeamussium investigatoris (E. A. Smith, 1906)
Propeamussium maorium (Dell, 1956)
Propeamussium meridionale (E. A. Smith, 1885)
Propeamussium richeri Dijkstra, 2001*
Propeamussium rubrotinctum (Oyama, 1951)
Propeamussium sibogai (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1904)
Propeamussium siratama (Oyama, 1951)
Propeamussium watsoni (E. A. Smith, 1885)
SPONDYLIDAE
Spondylus depressus Fulton, 1915
Spondylus erectospinosus Habe, 1973
Spondylus exiguus Lamprell & Healy, 2001*
Spondylus mireilleae Lamprell & Healy, 2001*
Spondylus orstomi Lamprell & Healy, 2001*
Spondylus occidens Sowerby, 1903
Spondylus proneri Lamprell & Healy, 2001*
Spondylus tenuitas Garrard, 1966
31
32
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
VERTICORDIIDAE
Haliris multicostata (A. Adams, 1862)
Haliris teporis Poutiers & Bernard, 1995*
Spinosipella costeminens (Poutiers, 1981)
Spinosipella deshayesiana (P. Fischer, 1862)
EUCIROIDAE
Euciroa eburnea (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891)
Euciroa trapeza Poutiers, 1982*
POROMYIDAE
Cetoconcha japonica Habe, 1952
Cetomya bacata Krylova, 2001*
Cetomya butoni (Prashad, 1932)
Cetomya celsa Krylova, 2001*
Cetomya nataliae Krylova, 2001*
Cetomya poutiersi Krylova, 2001*
Cetomya voskresenskii Krylova, 2001*
Poromya australis E. A. Smith, 1885
CUSPIDARIIDAE
Cuspidaria morrisae Poutiers & Bernard, 1995*
Cuspidaria clathrata Poutiers & Bernard, 1995*
Myonera caduca (E .A. Smith, 1894)
LUCINIDAE
Anodontia watsoni (Smith, 1885)
Cardiolucina civica (Yokohama, 1927)
Cardiolucina undula Glover & Taylor, 2007*
Ferrocina multiradiata Glover & Taylor, 2007*
Liralucina vaubani Glover & Taylor, 2007*
Myrtina leptolira Glover & Taylor, 2007*
Myrtina porcata Glover & Taylor, 2007*
Notomyrtea vincentiae Glover & Taylor, 2007*
CHAMIDAE
Chama oomedusae Matsukuma, 1996*
TRAPEZIDAE
Glossocardia stoliczkana (Prashad, 1932)
GLOSSIDAE
Meiocardia hawaiana Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
CARDIIDAE
Acrosterigma profundum Vidal, 1999*
Acrosterigma selene Vidal, 1999*
Frigidocardium valdentatum Poutiers, 2006*
Microcardium trapezoidale Poutiers, 2006*
CEPHALOPODA
NAUTILIDAE
Nautilus macromphalus Sowerby, 1849
OCTOPODIDAE
Galeoctopus lateralis Norman, Boucher & Hochberg,
2004
Microeledone mangoldi Norman, Hochberg &
Boucher-Rodoni, 2004*
Scaeurgus jumeau Hochberg & Boucher-Rodoni, 2005*
Scaeurgus nesisi Hochberg & Boucher-Rodoni, 2005*
ScaeurgustuberNorman,Hochberg&Boucher-Rodoni,2005*
Thaumoctopus mimicus Norman & Hochberg, 2005*
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
33
APPENDIX 3. New species of molluscs described from South Pacific island groups (other than New Caledonia), based on the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos
expeditions material. For references, see Appendix 4.
PLEUROTOMARIIDAE
Bayerotrochus poppei Anseeuw, 2003 .................................................... Tonga
ANATOMIDAE
Sasakiconcha elegantissima Geiger, 2006 ................................................ Tonga
CHILODONTIDAE
Calliotropis asphales Vilvens, 2007 ..................................................... Solomon
Calliotropis basileus Vilvens, 2004 ................................................................. Fiji
Calliotropis conoeides Vilvens, 2007 ................................................... Solomon
Calliotropis cooperculum Vilvens, 2007 ......................................................... Fiji
Calliotropis coopertorium Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................ Fiji
Calliotropis cycloeides Vilvens, 2007 .............................................................. Fiji
Calliotropis derbiosa Vilvens, 2004 ...................................................... Vanuatu
Calliotropis dicrous Vilvens, 2007 ....................................................... Solomon
Calliotropis echidnoides Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................... Fiji
Calliotropis excelsior Vilvens, 2004 ................................................................ Fiji
Calliotropis keras Vilvens, 2007 ..................................................................... Fiji
Calliotropis nomismasimilis Vilvens, 2007 ........................................... Solomon
Calliotropis nux Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................ Solomon
Calliotropis oregmene Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................. Fiji
Calliotropis oros oros Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................... Fiji
Calliotropis oros marquisensis Vilvens, 2007 .................................... Marquesas
Calliotropis ostrideslithos Vilvens, 2007 .............................................. Solomon
Calliotropis pheidole Vilvens, 2007 ................................................................ Fiji
Calliotropis ptykte Vilvens, 2007 ............................................................. Tonga
Calliotropis siphaios Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................... Tonga
Calliotropis solomonensis Vilvens, 2007 ............................................. Solomon
Calliotropis stegos Vilvens, 2007 ........................................................ Solomon
Danilia discordata Vilvens & Héros, 2005 ............................................. Vanuatu
CALLIOSTOMATIDAE
Calliostoma arx Vilvens, 2005 .................................................................. Tonga
Calliostoma chlorum Vilvens, 2005 ................................................................ Fiji
Calliostoma metabolicum Vilvens, 2005 .............................................. Vanuatu
Calliostoma strobilos Vilvens, 2005 ............................................................... Fiji
Calliostoma xylocinnamomum Vilvens, 2005 ................................................. Fiji
COLLONIIDAE
Liotipoma wallisensis McLean & Kiel, 2007 .......................... Wallis and Futuna
CYPRAEIDAE
Nesiocypraea deforgesi Lorenz, 2002 ............................................................ Fiji
Nesiocypraea langfordi cavatoensis Lorenz, 2002 ................................ Vanuatu
OVULIDAE
Lunovula cancellata Lorenz, 2007 ...................................................... Solomon
PICKWORTHIIDAE
Microliotia alvanioides Le Renard & Bouchet, 2003 ......................... Marquesas
EPITONIIDAE
Amaea boucheti Garcia, 2003 ......................................................... Marquesas
Cirsotrema herosae Garcia, 2003 ............................................................ Tonga
Epitonium juanitae Garcia, 2003 ................................................................... Fiji
Gregorioiscala crosnieri Garcia, 2004 .................................................. Vanuatu
Gregorioiscala xanthotaenia Garcia, 2004 ..................................................... Fiji
Opalia dushaneae Garcia, 2004 .......................................................... Vanuatu
FASCIOLARIIDAE
Amiantofusus gloriabundus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007 ............ Vanuatu
Granulifusus amoenus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005 ................................ Vanuatu
Granulifusus geometricus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2005 ................................ Tonga
NASSARIIDAE
Nassarius cernohorskyi Kool, 2005 .................................................. Marquesas
Nassarius poupini Cernohorsky, 1992 ........................................ Society Islands
Nassarius tangaroai Kool, 2006 ....................................................... Marquesas
MURICIDAE
Conchatalos spinula Houart & Héros, this volume .......................................... Fiji
Coralliophila nukuhiva Oliverio, 2008 .............................................. Marquesas
Coralliophila xenophila Oliverio, this volume ........................................ Vanuatu
Favartia avatea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Australs
Favartia nivea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 .................................................. Australs
Favartia salvati Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Australs
Mipus alis oliverio, this volume ................................................................ Tonga
Mipus boucheti Oliverio, this volume ................................................... Vanuatu
Mipus tonganus Oliverio, this volume ...................................................... Tonga
Murexsul merlei Houart & Héros, this volume .......................................... Tonga
Orania atea Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ................................................ Marquesas
Orania maestratii Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ............................................ Australs
Pagodula atanua Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 ........................................ Marquesas
Phyllocoma platyca Houart, 2001 ........................................ Wallis and Futuna
Poirieria tanaoa Houart & Tröndlé, 2008 .......................................... Marquesas
Poirieria tenuis Houart, 2001 ............................................... Wallis and Futuna
Prototyphis gracilis Houart & Héros, this volume ............................................ Fiji
Scabrotrophon inspiratum Houart, 2004 ............................................. Vanuatu
Thais grossa Houart 2001 ................................................................... Vanuatu
HARPIDAE
Morum clatratum Bouchet, 2002 .................................................... Marquesas
Morum roseum Bouchet, 2002 ....................................................... Marquesas
MARGINELLIDAE
Hydroginella angustata Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ..........................
Hydroginella bullata Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ...............................
Hydroginella musorstomi Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 .......................
Hydroginella rugosa Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ...............................
Hydroginella unica Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 .................................
Hydroginella vitiensis Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ..............................
Hydroginella wareni Boyer, Wakefield & McCleery, 2003 ...............................
Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
TURBINELLIDAE
Exilia vagrans Kantor & Bouchet in Kantor, Bouchet & Oleinik, 2001 ... Vanuatu
VOLUTIDAE
Lyria boucheti Bail & Poppe, 2004 ................................................................. Fiji
Lyria planicostata fijiensis Bail & Poppe, 2004 ................................................ Fiji
Lyria planicostata grohi Bail & Poppe, 2004 ............................................. Tonga
CANCELLARIIDAE
Admetula affluens Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ........................................... Solomon
Admetula bathynoma Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .......................................... Tonga
Admetula lutea Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................................... Tonga
Admetula marshalli Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ......................................... Solomon
Nipponaphera agastor Bouchet & Petit, 2008 ..................................... Solomon
Nipponaphera tuba Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .......................................... Vanuatu
Trigonostoma tryblium Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................... Solomon
Zeadmete physomon Bouchet & Petit, 2008 .................................................. Fiji
TEREBRIDAE
Terebra alisi Aubry, 1999 ..................................................................... Vanuatu
TURRIDAE s l.
Bathytoma colorata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ...................................... Vanuatu
Gymnobela virgulata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ................................. Marquesas
34
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
Iotyrris marquesensis Sysoev, 2002 .................................................. Marquesas
Rocroithys niveus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 .......................................... Vanuatu
Teretiopsis hyalina Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001 ......................... Wallis and Futuna
ACTEONIDAE
Acteon aphyodes Valdés, this volume ............................................................ Fiji
Acteon editus Valdés, this volume ................................................................. Fiji
Acteon rhektos Valdés, this volume ......................................................... Tonga
Rictaxis sanguinea Valdés, this volume .................................................... Tonga
PHILINIDAE
Philine abyssicola Valdés, this volume ............................................................ Fiji
Philine babai Valdés, this volume ................................................................... Fiji
Philine habei Valdés, this volume ................................................................... Fiji
CYLICHNIDAE
Acteocina lata Valdés, this volume ...................................................... Vanuatu
Cylichnium nanum Valdés, this volume ................................................ Vanuatu
RETUSIDAE
Retusa diaphana Valdés, this volume ............................................................. Fiji
DORIDIDAE
Austrodoris caeca Valdés, 2001 ........................................... Wallis and Futuna
Peltodoris lippa Valdés, 2001 .............................................................. Vanuatu
PHYLLIDIIDAE
Phyllidiopsis crucifera Valdés, 2001 ..................................... Wallis and Futuna
Phyllidiopsis futunai Valdés, 2001 ........................................ Wallis and Futuna
Phyllidiopsis vanuatuensis Valdés, 2001 ............................................... Vanuatu
Parvamussium marquesanum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ....... Marquesas
Parvamussium musorstomi Dijkstra, 2001 ........................... Wallis and Futuna
Parvamussium polynesianum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ........ Marquesas
Propeamussium boucheti Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ........................... Fiji
Similipecten herosae Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ............................ Tonga
POROMYIDAE
Dilemma spectralis Leal, 2008 ............................................................. Vanuatu
LUCINIDAE
Alucinoma alis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ..................................... Solomon
Discolucina solomonensis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ..................... Solomon
Epidulcina delphinae Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ....................................... Fiji
Taylorina solomonensis Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ......................... Solomon
Troendleina musculator Cosel & Bouchet, this volume ........................ Solomon
CARDIIDAE
Acrosterigma capricorne Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ............................... Australs
Ctenocardia fijianum Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 .............................................. Fiji
Fulvia colorata Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ............................................ Solomon
Fulvia imperfecta Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ........................................ Solomon
Pseudofulvia arago Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007 ....................................... Australs
POLYPLACOPHORA
FERREIRAELLIDAE
Ferreiraella xylophaga karenae Sirenko, 2001 ...................................... Vanuatu
DISCODORIDIDAE
Halgerda abyssicola Fahey & Gosliner, 2000 ........................................ Vanuatu
Halgerda orstomi Fahey & Gosliner, 2000 ............................................ Vanuatu
LEPTOCHITONIDAE
Leptochiton boucheti Sirenko, 2001 ....................................................
Leptochiton deforgesi Sirenko, 2001 ...................................................
Leptochiton thandari Sirenko, 2001 ....................................................
Leptochiton vanbellei Sirenko, 2001 ....................................................
SCAPHOPODA
ISCHNOCHITONIDAE
Stenosemus herosae Sirenko, this volume ........................... Wallis and Futuna
DENTALIIDAE
Antalis maestratii Scarabino, this volume ................................................. Tonga
Dentalium malekulaensis Scarabino, this volume ................................. Vanuatu
Gadila vanuatuensis Scarabino, this volume ........................................ Vanuatu
Paradentalium kabati Scarabino, this volume ....................................... Vanuatu
Vanuatu
Vanuatu
Vanuatu
Vanuatu
CEPHALOPODA
SEPIIDAE
Sepia subplana Lu & Boucher Rodoni, 2001 ........................ Wallis and Futuna
GADILIDAE
Cadulus lemniscoides Scarabino, this volume ...................................... Vanuatu
SEPIOLIDAE
Choneteuthis tongaensis Lu & Boucher-Rodoni, 2001 ............................. Tonga
BIVALVIA
OCTOPODIDAE
Galeoctopus lateralis Norman, Boucher & Hochberg, 2004 ..................... Tonga
PROPEAMUSSIIDAE
Parvamussium biformatum Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume .............. Solomon
Parvamussium lozoueti Dijkstra & Maestrati, this volume ............................... Fiji
A QUARTER-CENTURY OF EXPLORATION
APPENDIX 4. References to taxonomical papers containing descriptions or records of mollusc species collected by the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme
and satellite programmes.
ANSEEUW P. & POPPE G. 2001. — Description of Perotrochus boucheti sp. nov. from the South Pacific (Gastropoda: Pleurotomariidae). Novapex 2 (4): 125-131.
ANSEEUW P. 2003. — A new pleurotomariid (Gastropoda: Pleurotomoriidae) from Tonga Islands, South Pacific, Bayerotrochus poppei sp. nov. Novapex 4
(1): 11-16.
AUBRY U. 1999. — Nuove Terebre e antichi versi. L’Informatore Piceno Ed., Ancona, 47 p.
BAIL P. 2002. — Two new species of Lyria (Gastropoda: Volutidae) from New Caledonian waters. Novapex 3 (4): 133-137.
BAIL P. & POPPE G. 2004. — The tribe Lyriini. A revision of the Recent species of the genera Lyria, Callipara, Harpulina, Enaeta and Leptoscapha, in POPPE G.
& GROH K. (eds). A conchological iconography. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 93 p., 68 pls.
BERGMANS W. 1991. — Archibenthal Nuculidae off New Caledonia, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume
7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 29-40.
BEU A. C. 1998. — Indo-West Pacific Ranellidae, Bursidae and Personidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). A monograph of the New Caledonian fauna and revisions
of related taxa. Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 19. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 178: 1-255.
BEU A. G. & MAXWELL P. 1987. — A revision of the fossil and living gastropods related to Plesiotriton Fischer, 1884 (family Cancellariidae, subfamily
Plesiotritoninae n. subfam.) with an appendix: genera of Buccinidae Pisaniinae related to Colubraria Schumacher, 1817. New Zealand Geological Survey
Paleontological Bulletin 54: 1-144.
BIELER R. 1984. — Die Gattungen der Architectonicidae. Allgemeines und Teil 1: Pseudomalaxis. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 115: 53-103.
BIELER R. 1993. — Architectonicidae of the Indo-Pacific. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 30: 1-376.
BIELER R. 1995. — Mathildidae from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia), in BOUCHET P. (ed.) Résultats des Campagnes
MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 595-641.
BOUCHET P. 1979. — A new volute from the western Pacific. The Veliger 22 (1): 49-50.
BOUCHET P. 1988. — A new cassid (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Coral Sea. Venus 47 (1): 11-14.
BOUCHET P. 2002. — Protoconchs, dispersal, and tectonic plates biogeography: new Pacific species of Morum (Gastropoda: Harpidae). Journal of Conchology
37 (5): 533-549.
BOUCHET P. & HOUART R. 1994. — A new coralliophilid-like muricid (Gastropoda, Muricidae) from the Coral Sea. Journal of Conchology 35: 131-135.
BOUCHET P. & COSEL R. VON 2004. — The world’s largest lucinid is an undescribed species from Taiwan (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Zoological Studies 43 (4): 704-711.
BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2000. — A new species of Volutomitra (Gastropoda: Volutomitridae) from New Caledonia. Venus 59 (3): 181-190.
BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2000. — The anatomy and systematics of Latiromitra, a genus of tropical deep-water Ptychatractinae (Gastropoda: Turbinellidae).
The Veliger 43 (1): 1-23.
BOUCHET P. & KANTOR Y. 2004. — New Caledonia: the major centre of biodiversity for volutomitrid mollusks (Mollusca: Neogastropoda: Volutomitridae).
Systematics and Biodiversity 1 (4): 467-502.
BOUCHET P. & KILBURN R. 1991. — A new genus of Ancillinae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae) from New Caledonia, with the description of two new species.
Bulletin du Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle ser. 4, Section A, 12 (3-4) (1990): 531-539.
BOUCHET P. & MÉTIVIER B. 1982. — Living Pleurotomariidae in the South Pacific. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 9: 309-318.
BOUCHET P. & MÉTIVIER B. 1983. — The genus Bolma in the bathyal zone of New Caledonia, with description of a new species. Venus 42 (1): 8-12.
BOUCHET P. & PETIT R. 2002. — New species of deep-water Cancellariidae (Gastropoda) from the southwest Pacific. The Nautilus 116 (3): 95-104.
BOUCHET P. & PETIT R. 2008. — New species and new records of southwest Pacific Cancellariidae (Gastropoda). The Nautilus 122 (1): 1-18.
BOUCHET P. & POPPE G. 1988. — Deep water volutes from the New Caledonian region, with a discussion on biogeography. Venus 47 (1): 15-32.
BOUCHET P. & POPPE G. 1995. — A review of the deep-water volute genus Calliotectum (Gastropoda: Volutidae), in BOUCHET P. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes
MUSORSTOM, Volume 14. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 167: 499-525.
BOUCHET P. & SYSOEV A. 1997. — Revision of the Recent species of Buccinaria. Venus 56 (2): 97-119.
BOUCHET P. & SYSOEV A. 2001. — Typhlosyrinx-like tropical deep-water turriform gastropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea). Journal of Natural History
35: 1693-1715.
BOUCHET P. & VERMEIJ G. 1998. — Two new deep-water Pseudolividae (Neogastropoda) from the South-West Pacific. The Nautilus 111 (2): 47-52.
BOUCHET P. & WARÉN A. 1986. — Taxonomical notes on tropical deep water Buccinidae with descriptions of new taxa, in Résultats des Campagnes
MUSORSTOM, Tome 2. Mémoires du Muséum national d Histoire naturelle (A) 133 (1985): 457-499.
BOYER F. 2001. — Espèces nouvelles de Marginellidae du niveau bathyal de la Nouvelle- Calédonie. Novapex 2 (4): 157-169.
BOYER F. 2002. — Description of five new marginellids from bathyal levels of southern New Caledonia. Novapex 3 (2-3): 87-96.
BOYER F., WAKEFIELD A. & MCCLEERY T. 2003. — The genus Hydroginella (Caenogastropoda: Marginellidae) at bathyal levels from Fiji Islands. Novapex 4
(2-3): 67-77.
BRUNCKHORST D. J. 1993. — The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records of the Australian Museum Suppl. 16: 1-107.
CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1982. — On a collection of buccinacean and mitracean gastropods from the Mozambique Channel and New Caledonia. Bulletin du
Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle sér. 4 (1981), section A (4): 985-1009.
CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1991. — Mollusca Gastropoda: on a collection of Nassariidae from New Caledonia waters, in CROSNIER A. & BOUCHET P. (eds)
Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Volume 7. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 150: 187-204.
CERNOHORSKY W. O. 1992. — Description of new species of Nassariidae (Mollusca, Neogastropoda) from the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin du Muséum national
d’Histoire naturelle, sér. 4, Section A, 14 (1): 69-74.
COSSIGNANI T. 2001. — Descrizione di sei nuove marginelle (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Marginellidae e Cystiscidae) della Nuova Caledonia. Malacologia
mostra moniale 35: 12-17.
35
36
PHILIPPE BOUCHET, VIRGINIE HÉROS, PIERRE LOZOUET & PHILIPPE MAESTRATI
CHINO M. 2006. — A new species of Daphnella (Gastropoda: Conidae) from South-Western Japan and the Western Pacific. Novapex 7 (1): 17-20.
DAYRAT B. 2001. — Indo-Pacific deep-water Pleurobranchidae (Gastropoda, Opistobranchia, Notaspidea): New records and new species, in BOUCHET P. &
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