Global Ecology and Biogeography, (Global Ecol. Biogeogr.) (2015) bs_bs_banner RESEARCH PA P E R Body sizes and diversification rates of lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians and the tuatara Anat Feldman1, Niv Sabath2, R. Alexander Pyron3, Itay Mayrose2 and Shai Meiri1* 1 Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel, 3 Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA ABSTRACT Aim Size is one of the most important and obvious traits of an organism. Both small and large sizes have adaptive advantages and disadvantages. Body size–frequency distributions of most large clades are unimodal and right skewed. Species larger than the mean or range midpoint of body sizes are relatively scarce. Theoretical models suggest evolutionary rates are higher in small organisms with short generation times. Therefore diversification rates are usually thought to be maximal at relatively small body sizes. Empirical studies of the rates of molecular evolution and clade diversification, however, have usually indicated that both are unrelated to body size. Furthermore, it has been claimed that because snakes are longer than lizards, the size–frequency distribution of all squamate species is bimodal overall. We examined the shape of the size–frequency distribution of nearly all Squamata and Rhynchocephalia species, and investigated how size affected diversification rates. Location Global. Methods We collected data on maximum body length for 9805 lepidosaur (squamates and the tuatara) species (99.7% of all species) and converted them to mass using clade-specific allometric equations. Using methods that test for relationships between continuous traits and speciation and extinction rates on a large, dated phylogeny (4155 species), we investigated the relationship between diversification rates and body size. Results Living squamates span six orders of magnitude in body size, eight when giant extinct snakes and mosasaurs are included. The body size–frequency distributions of snakes and lizards separately, and of all lepidosaur species combined, are unimodal and right skewed. Nonetheless, we find neither linear nor hump-shaped relationships between size and diversification rates, except in snakes, where speciation and diversification are hump shaped. Main conclusions Despite a clear modality and skew in the body sizes of lepidosaurs, we find little evidence for faster diversification of modal-sized taxa, perhaps implying that larger-sized clades are relatively young. *Correspondence: Shai Meiri, Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel. E-mail: uncshai@post.tau.ac.il Keywords Body size–frequency distributions, diversification rates, extinction rates, lizards, mass, snakes, speciation rates. INTRODUCTION ‘Size has a fascination of its own’ (Julian Huxley) Body size is perhaps the most important attribute of an organism. Size dominates multiple aspects of morphology, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd ecology, physiology and life history (Haldane, 1928; Gould, 1966; Schmidt-Nielsen, 1984; Brown et al., 2004). Size plays a major role in shaping behaviour, extinction risk and evolutionary trajectories, such as the rate of molecular evolution (Fontanillas et al., 2007; Wollenberg et al., 2011) and the DOI: 10.1111/geb.12398 http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/geb 1 A. Feldman et al. propensity for speciation (Stanley, 1973; Cardillo et al., 2005; Etienne et al., 2012). In fact, the systematic effects of size are so prevalent in comparative biology that when some attributes (such as overall population metabolic rates, the ratio between weaning mass and adult mass and the lifetime number of heartbeats) are found to be independent of size they are sometimes referred to as ‘invariant’ (Damuth, 1981; Nee et al., 2005; Etienne et al., 2012). Hutchinson & MacArthur (1959) claimed that the size structure of ‘the fauna of any area’ has an overarching form: ‘groups containing the largest numbers of species are for the most part groups of small animals’. They derived a model according to which species numbers are determined by the mosaic of elements comprising the ecological niche, and whereby the greatest diversity of niches correspond to ‘some intermediate size’ [of organism] (Hutchinson & MacArthur, 1959). To test this, they drew some of the first histograms based on the sizes of large groups of closely related species over large geographic areas (Odonata of the north-eastern USA and Mammalia of Europe and Michigan). These histograms were characterized by unimodal size–frequency distributions when size was logarithmically transformed, a transformation which became a statistical convention from then on. Hutchinson & MacArthur (1959) predicted that, in taxa showing considerable size variation, the most common size class will be of relatively small, but not the smallest, species. May (1978) likewise equated the number of available niches with species numbers, but viewed the number of such niches, and hence the number of species, as a monotonically decreasing function of body size. He presented similar (unimodal and right skewed) body size–frequency distributions for lepidopterans, beetles, birds and mammals. He further boldly predicted, based on ‘crude approximations and outright guesses’, that the size distribution of all terrestrial organisms has a similar shape. However, he viewed the decline of species numbers at the smallest sizes as a potential artefact of poor taxonomic practices applied to minute animals. Stanley (1973) arrived at a similar conclusion with regard to the shape of size–frequency distributions, from very different premises. He argued that speciation in the fossil record mainly occurs at small body sizes, whereas larger sizes are evolutionary ‘dead ends’, which do not give rise to major new taxa. The greater species numbers at small sizes are therefore a consequence of higher speciation rates of smaller organisms. Stanley (1973) explained the scarcity of very small species by evolutionary constraints on miniaturization (e.g. food acquisition rates in endotherms). These evolutionary and ecological mechanisms, of course, are not contradictory, and the latter may well explain the former, although faster evolution at smaller sizes can also be attributed to a faster mutation rate or to shorter generation times of small animals (e.g. Fontanillas et al., 2007; Etienne et al., 2012). The unimodal, right-skewed shape of animal size–frequency distribution has been found in many taxa (e.g. mammals, Gardezi & da Silva, 1999; lizards, Meiri, 2008; fishes, Albert & Johnson, 2012; snakes, Burbrink & Myers, 2014; see Gaston & Chown, 2013, for a review of such patterns in insects). It is nowadays viewed as almost canonical, such that theoretical models have been designed to replicate it (e.g. Clauset & Erwin, 2008). Such a distribution suggests important size-related ecological and evolutionary constraints. The numerical dominance of medium-sized taxa was variably explained as stemming from them having greater reproductive potential (e.g. Brown et al., 1993; cf. Jones & Purvis, 1997) or ecological dominance in terms of population density (Damuth, 1993). Alternatively, such distributions were claimed to stem from the fact that mediumsized species have small geographic range sizes, and thus high spatial turnover, whereas larger- and smaller-sized species have larger ranges (e.g. Brown & Nicoletto, 1991; Agosta & Bernardo, 2013), or from the greater variety of ecological niches available to medium-sized species (e.g. Hutchinson & MacArthur, 1959). Not all taxa, however, display such distributions. Bimodal size distributions (albeit usually with a higher mode at smaller sizes) have been detected in taxa as diverse as marsupials, hymenopterans, chameleons and placental mammals (Gardezi & da Silva, 1999; Ulrich, 2006; Meiri, 2008; Kelt & Meyer, 2009, respectively). Dinosaur size–frequency distributions (summed across their evolutionary history) are left skewed (O’Gorman & Hone, 2012). Furthermore, distributions tend to lose their skewness at low taxonomic and spatial scales (Brown & Nicoletto, 1991; Gardezi & da Silva, 1999; Meiri, 2008; Cox et al., 2011; Burbrink & Myers, 2014) or when assemblages include fewer species (e.g. at high latitudes; Olson et al., 2009). Cox et al. (2011) claimed that squamates are an obvious exception to the unimodal, right-skewed pattern. They asserted that because snakes are generally larger than lizards and these are the two major squamate clades then combining their size– frequency distributions will result in a bimodal pattern, with lizards contributing mostly to a mode at small sizes and snakes mostly contributing to a mode at larger sizes. Using the maximum lengths of all species in Canada and the United States, they showed that the length–frequency distribution was, indeed, bimodal (Cox et al., 2011). While snakes are undoubtedly longer than lizards in general (see below and Appendix S1 in Supporting Information), they are also usually lighter for a given length [e.g. at a snout–vent length (SVL) of 100 mm our general snake and general lizard equations predict weights of 0.5 and 20.9 g, respectively]. Even within snakes (Feldman & Meiri, 2013) and lizards (Greer & Wadsworth, 2003; Meiri, 2010) there is considerable shape variation, which makes body length a very problematic measure of size at large taxonomic scales (Appendix S2c). The shape of the squamate size–frequency distribution is therefore poorly known. The relationship between body size and diversification rates is mostly unresolved, despite being intensively studied. From early efforts to quantify speciation and extinction with respect to size in the fossil record (e.g. Stanley, 1973; Jablonski, 1997), research has mostly shifted to the study of diversification based on phylogenies and body sizes of extant taxa alone. Studies based on contrasts of the body sizes and species richness of different taxa usually yielded no directional patterns across a diverse array of organisms (Orme et al., 2002a,b). This remains the case even when body size–frequency distributions are right-skewed, and 2 Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Lepidosaur body sizes body size and richness are negatively correlated in nonphylogenetic analyses (Purvis et al., 2003). This apparent paradox may indicate that large-bodied taxa are, on average, simply younger than smaller-bodied ones (Purvis et al., 2003; Etienne et al., 2012), but diversify as fast as them, or faster. Alternatively, it may mean that the relationship between diversification rates and size is not linear, or that extinction plays a complex role at different body sizes. To date, relationships between diversification rates and body size in large phylogenetic datasets were mostly restricted to vertebrates, with studies of invertebrates limited to lower taxonomic ranks in groups with fewer species (e.g. Orme et al., 2002b). In birds and mammals, size was mostly unrelated to diversification rates (Gittleman & Purvis, 1998; Owens et al., 1999; Isaac et al., 2005). In freshwater fishes and mantellid frogs, however, small sizes seem mostly associated with fast diversification rates (Knouft & Page, 2003; Wollenberg et al., 2011). Studies at the regional and community scale in North American snakes have shown a complex relationship, but do not suggest that higher speciation rates near the mode drive the observed distributions at local scales (Burbrink & Myers, 2014). Methods for testing direct relationships between size and diversification on phylogenies have only recently become available (FitzJohn, 2010), thus earlier studies may have been confounded by methodological artefacts (Maddison, 2006). Our aim is threefold: (1) to describe the variation of body masses within lepidosaurs (Lepidosauria: the clade containing Squamata and Rhynchocephalia), (2) to examine the shape of lepidosaur body-mass distribution and test whether it is bimodal, and (3) to investigate the relationships between body size and diversification rates in squamates. This will allow us to determine, at least at a basic level, how body sizes are distributed across lepidosaur groups, and if a historical interplay between size and diversification is responsible for present-day patterns. lizards and amphisbaenians, while for snakes most of the data (c. 90%) comprises total lengths (TL) and the rest SVL. The dataset (n = 9805; Appendix S1) is the largest dataset presented so far for size data of amphisbaenians, lizards and snakes. In order to obtain a size measure that is comparable across all taxa, we converted all lengths to masses using 65 clade-specific allometric equations (Appendix S2a) – developing equations for the smallest clades for which we had sufficient mass data. These equations are based on specimens of known mass and length. They allow us to infer masses for species for which no mass data are available from mass–length relationship of close relatives. The different equations (27 for snakes, 36 for lizards, 2 for amphisbaenians; Appendix S2a) enable us to infer masses while accounting for differences in shape of species of different phylogenetic affinities, and, in lizards, varying degrees of leg development (Meiri, 2010; Pincheira-Donoso et al., 2011; Feldman & Meiri, 2013; Meiri et al., 2013; Novosolov et al., 2013; Scharf et al., 2015; and new equations developed here: Appendix S2b). The use of clade-specific equations is imperative as for a given length squamates can easily span two orders of magnitude in mass, and even snakes of the same length often differ in mass by a factor of 15 or more (Appendix S2c). We only used actual weight for the tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus. Mass-dependent diversification We assembled data on the maximum sizes of nearly all extant (and extinct in historical times) lepidosaur species, using the taxonomy of the March 2015 version of the reptile database (Uetz, 2015) and a few species described since. Data are from an extensive literature search of over 9000 published works. These were supplemented, in a few cases, by measuring live individuals in the field and in captivity, and measuring preserved specimens in natural history museums (c. 1500 specimens belonging to c. 130 species), and by obtaining measurements through personal communications with museum collection managers. We used size maxima, as they are good proxies of the potential sizes attained by individuals with indeterminate growth, such as reptiles. Furthermore, maxima are by far the most readily available data in the literature. We were able to obtain maxima for virtually all species (9805, see below), whereas data on mean sizes were only available for c. 5350 species. Data comprise SVL for Non-random diversification processes, such as higher or lower speciation or extinction rates at different masses, could produce unimodal size–frequency distributions (Stanley, 1973). Such a process would affect the distribution of masses in extant taxa, as well as the shape of the tree (Maddison, 2006; Paradis, 2008). To test this, we used mass data of the squamate species represented in a recent large-scale chronogram (Pyron & Burbrink, 2014), resulting in a phylogeny spanning 4134 species (2828 lizards, 1255 snakes and 51 amphisbaenians). We use the ‘QuaSSE’ (Quantitative State Speciation and Extinction) algorithm (implemented in the R package ‘diversitree’; FitzJohn, 2012) to test for a relationship between diversification rates (speciation, λ; extinction, μ; net diversification, r = λ − μ) and size (FitzJohn, 2010). We examined normal (humped) and sigmoidal (increasing or decreasing) responses of both rates to body mass. These are contrasted against a null model where diversification rates are not affected by body mass (mass-independent model). We then compared these models using the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) scores using Akaike weights (AICcw) calculated using the R package ‘qpcR’. The model receiving the highest AICcw score was considered the best. The QuaSSE analysis was performed for Squamata as a whole and separately for the three suborders (amphisbaenians, lizards and snakes), to account for rate heterogeneity across clades. The QuaSSE algorithm accounts for missing species using a sampling proportion (FitzJohn et al., 2009), which we defined as 4134/9804 for squamates (the total number of squamate species in the tree divided by the total number in the entire dataset), and 2828/6086, 1255/3529 and 51/189 for lizards, snakes and Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 3 METHODS Data A. Feldman et al. Table 1 The smallest and largest lepidosaurs. Taxon Size Species Maximum length (mm) Calculated mass (g) Amphisbaenians Smallest Amphisbaena talisiae Cynisca degrysi Amphisbaena tragorrhectes Monopeltis schoutedeni Dalophia gigantea Amphisbaena alba Sphaerodactylus elasmorhynchus Sphaerodactylus ariasae Sphaerodactylus parthenopion Varanus niloticus Varanus salvator Varanus komodoensis Indotyphlops veddae Amerotyphlops yonenagae Indotyphlops malcolmi Python bivittatus Malayopython reticulatus Eunectes murinus Sphenodon punctatus 105 107 110 660 705 810 17 17.9 18 980 1170 1540 91 101 107 9200 10,000 10,000 285 0.28 0.31 0.34 448 583 1017 0.12 0.14 0.14 23,700 42,100 102,500 0.17 0.25 0.30 197,700 246,600 345,100 1020 Largest Lizards Smallest Largest Snakes Smallest Largest Rhynchocephalia Only species Masses are calculated from the length data using equations in Appendix S2 and a back transformation from logarithms. Lizard and amphisbaenian lengths are snout–vent lengths, snake lengths are total lengths. Masses > 10 kg are rounded to the nearest 100 g. amphisbaenians, respectively. We note that this only accounts for the existence of the missing extant lineages, not their known trait values, but the branches in our phylogeny cover essentially the entire range of extant squamate masses (i.e. the dwarf Sphaerodactylus geckos to the green Anaconda Eunectes murinus, 0.1 g to 345 kg; Table 1), so no major variation is unaccounted for by our present phylogenetic sampling. Running QuaSSE requires an estimate of a standard deviation (SD) for the continuous trait (here, body size) within species. To estimate this, we obtained the body mass of 7693 individuals belonging to 102 species (in 17 squamate families) from the database of the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, and field measurements of one of us (S.M.). For each species (minimum 10 individuals per species) we calculated the log(mass) and the SD over all individuals. We then found the median SD value over the 102 species (0.19; Appendix S3). Rabosky & Goldberg (2015) have recently shown that speciation and extinction models tend to be too liberal in rejecting the null model (specifically, this was shown on a model where traits are assumed to be categorized into binary states) when applied to empirically derived phylogenies. We thus used a parametric bootstrap approach and simulated 100 or more sets (see below) of random trait values along the tree (using the sim.character function in the ‘diversitree’ R package; FitzJohn, 2012) with the diffusion parameter estimated by the null model (see below) and ancestral value at the root estimated from maximum-likelihood ancestral reconstruction (using fastAnc method in the ‘phytools’ R package; Revell, 2012). These simulations assumed no direct effect of the character on speciation or extinction. Similar to the analysis of the true data, the simulated state data were then subjected to the same QuaSSE procedures. In each clade we compared the best-fitted model and obtained the log-likelihood difference (ΔLL) between the two models. We used the distribution of simulated ΔLL values to calculate a P-value as the proportion of simulated values that are as extreme as the ΔLL observed for the real data in each group. A P-value of less than 0.05 can be interpreted as significant support for the hypothesis that mass affects net diversification in the examined group (Rabosky & Goldberg, 2015). In cases of marginally significant P-values (0.1 > P > 0.025) we ran another 100 stimulations, to have a more robust estimate of the actual probabilities (see Results). As an alternative to the model-based QuaSSE analysis we used the MacroCAIC method (Agapow & Isaac, 2002), implemented in the R package ‘caper’ (Orme et al., 2014), to test for a correlation between mass and species richness under the phylogenetically independent contrast paradigm (Felsenstein, 1985). The method produces contrasts across a clade, including only contrasts with a minimal number of species (MNS), and regressions (quadratic and linear) are then fitted to these contrasts (e.g. using MNS = 20, the mean size and richness value of all contrasts in the clade that have at least 20 species are calculated). However, this method was criticized for having low power when extinction is correlated with the trait in question (Freckleton et al., 2008), and as it gives similar quantitative results to the QuaSSE analyses we only report them in Appendix S4. 4 Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Lepidosaur body sizes R E S U LT S Dataset and body mass distribution We obtained maximum body size data for 9805 of 9837 extant (and recently extinct) species of lepidosaurs (99.7%; Appendix S1). Of the remaining 32 species, 25 are known only from juveniles, Typhlops cariei is known from fossils and its length has never been estimated and Amphisbaena acrobeles is known only from the anterior part of the unique type specimen (Ribeiro et al., 2009). We lack size measures for five other species (Chalcides pentadactylus, Cyrtopodion mansarulus, Leiolopisma fasciolare, Dipsas petersi and Varanus samarensis). Most of these 32 species are known only from the types. Some of them may not be valid (e.g. Oligodon wagneri, L. fasciolare, Chalcides pentadactylus). The mean SVL of lizard species in our dataset is 91.4 mm and that of amphisbaenid species is 265.6 mm (n = 6086 and 189, respectively). The mean SVL of the 250 snake species for which we used SVL as a size measure is 689.2 mm and the mean total length of the 3279 snake species for which we have used TL is 809.2 mm. As snake tails are usually much shorter than their body length, snake SVLs are still likely to be, on average, much longer than those of lizards. Lepidosaur masses span six orders of magnitude, from the smallest lizard (Sphaerodactylus elasmorhynchus, 0.12 g) to the largest snake (the green Anaconda, Eunectes murinus, 345 kg; Appendix S1, but see below). While the three smallest lepidosaurs are Caribbean Sphaerodactylus geckos, and the largest five are constrictor snakes (Table 1, Appendix S1), both lizards and snakes span a similar six orders of magnitude variation in size, ranging from well under 1 g to over 100 kg. Amphisbaenians can be as small as the smallest snakes and lizards, but only grow to about 1 kg – roughly the size of the largest Sphenodon individuals (Table 1). We note that some of the maximum lengths (and hence calculated masses) reported in the literature for the largest snake species (pythons and anacondas) are probably unrealistically high. Even though 10-m long snakes are regularly reported in reputable herpetological literature (e.g. Perez-Santos & Moreno, 1991; Whitaker & Captain, 2007), we seriously doubt whether extant snakes grow that long, as such reports rarely stand up to scientific scrutiny (e.g. Barker et al., 2012). Extreme sizes, in any case, are rare. The mean body size of extant Lepidosauria species (back-transformation of the average log value) is 18.7 g and the median size is 14.8 g. The lepidosaurian body size–frequency distribution is unimodal and right skewed (after logarithmic transformation; Fig. 1), with a distinct node at 1–1.2 (10–16 g). The squamate suborders (amphisbaenians, lizards and snakes) differ in all size attributes (Fig. 2, Table 2). Mean, modal and median sizes of lizards and amphisbaenians are similar. Amphisbaenians have the smallest size range, but the highest coefficient of variation and the most platykurtic (i.e. the flattest), bimodal body size–frequency distribution, and their size distribution is bimodal and not skewed. Lizards have the most Table 2 Moments of central tendency for Lepidosaur masses. No. of species Mean Median Mode SD CV Skew Kurtosis Lepidosauria Amphisbaenia (worm lizards) Sauria (lizards) Serpentes (snakes) 9805 189 6086 3529 18.7 14.8 14.1 7.1 38% 0.64 ± 0.02 0.52 ± 0.05 8.5 8.7 7.5 5.5 65% 0.34 ± 0.18 -0.30±0.36 9.6 8.5 7.9 5.0 52% 0.94 ± 0.03 2.29 ± 0.06 61.7 63.9 79 7.0 11% 0.14 ± 0.04 0.26 ± 0.08 All mass values are in grams. Mean, median mode, sd values are back transformed from logarithms and CV (coefficient of variation) is calculated from the back-transformed figures. The mode is based on 0.2 log bins (Fig. 2). The values of skewness, kurtosis and their SDs are based on the log-transformed data. Figure 1 Frequency distribution of calculated maximum body mass of lepidosaur species (log10 of masses calculated from logarithms of maximum lengths). Underlying data are provided in Appendix S1. Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 5 A. Feldman et al. Figure 2 Frequency distribution of calculated maximum body mass of lepidosaur species as in Fig. 1, but divided into the three extant lepidosaur sub-orders: Sauria (lizards, green/grey*), Serpentes (snakes, blue/white*) and Amphisbaenia (‘worm-lizards’, red/black*); the size of the sole rhynchocephalian, Sphenodon punctatus, is marked with an arrow. (*Colour is in the online edition and greyscale in the printed edition.) Table 3 Model results from QuaSSE analyses. Comparison of degrees of freedom (d.f.), AICc, AICc weights (AICcw) for various models of speciation (λ) and extinction (μ). Squamates Lizards Snakes Amphisbaenians Model d.f. AICc AICcw AICc AICcw AICc AICcw AICc AICcw Constant Sigmoid λ Hump λ Sigmoid μ Hump μ Sigmoid λ/hump μ Sigmoid λ/sigmoid μ 3 6 6 6 6 9 9 31,474.2 31,381.7* 31,476.7 31,475.6 31,481.1 31,387.5 31,393.4 0 0.95 0 0 0 0.05 0 21,661.1 21,666.4 21,622.8* 21,666.9 21,660.0 21,650.7 21,630.0 0 0 0.97 0 0 0 0.03 9062.8 8955.8 8895.5* 9020.2 8958.7 8936.8 8955.6 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 426.4* 427.3 429.1 433.8 428.9 437.1 434.8 0.45 0.29 0.12 0.01 0.13 0 0.01 P values (generated using simulations: the proportion of simulated values that are as extreme as the log-likelihood difference (ΔLL) observed for the real data, see Methods) are 0.24 for squamates, 0.32 for lizards and 0.045 for snakes (100 simulations for squamates and lizards, 200 for snakes, none for Amphisbaenia where the null is the preferred model). Asterisks mark the best model for each taxon. The QuaSSE analyses resulted in different best-fitted models across the four examined clades (Table 3). Across the whole squamate clade, the best-fit model (highest AICcw) had speciation and diversification rates as sigmoid functions of body mass (Fig. 3). A humped speciation (and diversification) model was chosen for snakes, with a maximum slightly above the modal size (Fig. 3, Table 3). A humped speciation (and diversification) model was the best-fitted model in lizards as well, but, unlike snakes, this was non-significant. The null model was chosen in amphisbaenians (Fig. 3, Table 3). Importantly, running 100 simulations, only the snake model was marginally significant (P = 0.05). Thus, for snakes only, we added 100 stimulations (see above). This continued to result in a marginally significant result as assessed using the parametric bootstrapping approach (P-value = 0.045; Table 3, Fig. 4). Neither the squamate nor the lizard model was significant when compared with the results of the simulations, suggesting that no strong effect of mass on diversification rates is apparent in any clade, except possibly snakes. The results of the MacroCAIC models are reported in Appendix S4, and generally show little association between size and diversification rates across clades. 6 Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd skewed and leptokurtic size distribution. Snakes are, on average, seven times as heavy as lizards and amphisbaenians, and the modal snake is ten times heavier than the modal lizard. The snake size–frequency distribution is weakly, but significantly, right skewed, and the mass coefficient of variation for snakes is much lower than that of amphisbaenians and lizards (Table 2). The species-rich clades (lizards and snakes) and all Lepidosauria are thus characterized by unimodal, leptokurtic and rightskewed body mass–frequency distributions (although the snake distribution is relatively flat over a size range of roughly 20 to 300 g; Appendix S5). Body size and diversification rates Lepidosaur body sizes Figure 3 Illustration of the best QuaSSE models for speciation, extinction and net diversification rates in response to log(body mass), estimated using the best-fitted model (Table 3) in Squamata (a), Sauria (lizards, b) and Serpentes (snakes, c). The best model for Amphisbaenia was the null. Note that the best models included no extinction terms and hence speciation equals diversification. DISCUSSION We obtained mass estimates for nearly all extant lepidosaur species – by far the most complete dataset of body sizes for the major vertebrate classes. Despite great variation in shape and a discrepancy between the size distributions of the two major lepidosaur taxa (lizards and snakes), the overall body size– frequency distribution of virtually all extant (and recently extinct) species is unimodal and right skewed (Fig. 1). The Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Figure 4 QuaSSE simulation results for Squamata (a), Sauria (lizards, b) and Serpentes (snakes, c). The log-likelihood difference (ΔLL) between the best-fitted model and the null model is shown for 100 simulations and assumed no direct effect of the character on speciation or extinction. In snakes, the results were marginally significant and thus we ran another 100 stimulations to get a more robust estimate of the actual P-value. The ΔLL of the true data for the best-fitted model is shown by a red/grey triangle. We used the distribution of simulated ΔLL values to calculate a P-value as the proportion of simulated values that are as extreme as the ΔLL observed for the real data in each group (0.24, 0.32 and 0.045, for squamates, lizards and snakes, respectively). In amphisbaenians the best model is the null model and thus no simulations are needed. bimodal distribution of amphisbaenian taxa shows that the classical distribution is only ubiquitous at very large scales. Lepidosaurs are relatively small terrestrial vertebrates: their mean and median sizes (18.7 and 14.8 g, respectively; Table 2) 7 A. Feldman et al. are much smaller than those of birds (33 and 47 g, n = 7551) and mammals (261 and 112 g, respectively, n = 4213; Meiri et al., 2011). Snakes are, on average, six to seven times heavier than lizards (mean and median c. 62–64 g versus c. 10 and 8.5 g; Table 2), a smaller difference than some earlier assessments have suggested (Boback & Guyer, 2003). This is perhaps because easily obtained size data in partial datasets are biased towards large snakes. We note, however, that current size limits are not necessarily representative of the entire range of size variation in lepidosaur history. While we know of no fossils of lepidosaurs that are smaller than the smallest extant lizards or snakes, larger forms certainly existed. Snakes, such as the Palaeocene Titanoboa and Eocene Gigantophis, and the end Pleistocene lizard Megalania prisca (Head & Polly, 2004; Molnar, 2004; Head et al., 2009) would dwarf today’s largest forms. We estimate the maximum weight of M. prisca [based on a maximum SVL of 3.8 m from Molnar (2004) and our allometric equation for size/SVL relationship in Varanus] as 1900 kg (compared with an estimated 102 kg for the Komodo dragon Varanus komodoensis). This is similar to the maximum masses of extant crocodiles of similar size (Britton et al., 2014), suggesting that the estimates are not out of proportion. Our estimate for the maximum weight of Titanoboa [based on a 13 m estimate for total length (Head et al., 2009) and our equation for Boidae] is 730 kg (compared with an estimate of 345 kg for the green anaconda Eunectes murinus). Head et al. (2009) estimated that Titanoboa was even heavier at 1135 kg. Thus historical size variation of lepidosaurs was up to an order of magnitude larger than it is today. Yet even much larger, crown-group, lepidosaurs (indeed, squamates) existed: the Cretaceous mosasaurs, a group of highly derived marine squamates attained lengths of up to 17 m (see Fig. 6 in Polcyn et al., 2014). While the masses of mosasaurs are unknown, such lengths are only attained today by some of the largest whales (e.g. humpback and sperm whales, both of which can weigh well over 10 tons; Jones et al., 2009). Not only does the modern-day size range and frequency distribution give no indication for such sizes, but methods that derive diversification rate–size relationships, and methods relying on ancestral-state reconstruction, are unable to retrieve them. The extent to which this is likely to bias the results of studies such as ours is unknown, but could be fascinating to simulate. Overall, this suggests that, if fossils are included, mass variation in squamates is among the largest of all animal taxa. Using the QuaSSE algorithm, increases in speciation and decreases in extinction result in a spike in net diversification rates near the mode for lizards (Fig. 3), in agreement with several previous models for the modality of body size (e.g. Stanley, 1973). In snakes, and in squamates overall, however, diversification is apparently highest for masses well above the mode. Nonetheless, high-mass taxa have not accumulated significant diversity in extant faunas. The high Type I error rates of the QuaSSE method seriously undermine our ability to draw definite conclusions regarding the interplay between body mass and net diversification rates. Our simulations suggest low power for differentiating between these models, and that such inferences could equally be obtained for a trait that does not affect diversification, except, perhaps, for snakes. The results of the MacroCAIC analyses (Appendix S4) also do not suggest any strong size-related diversification patterns, either linear or quadratic. Given that we did not detect strong patterns suggesting faster diversification at modal sizes, the existence of more intermediate-sized taxa may reflect greater time for speciation for modal-sized lineages, with the largest species (experiencing the highest rates of speciation) arising only recently. The presence of very large, yet ancient, fossil species (e.g. mosasaurs, Titanoboa), however, argues against this latter possibility. Turnover may be highest for species with the smallest masses. This suggests that speciation and extinction dynamics are highest in those size classes, as expected under classical models. We note that there are several important limitations to our diversification analyses. They assume that rates exhibit a constant response to mass across time and across lineages. The phylogeny is not fully sampled, and the algorithm cannot incorporate trait values for unsampled taxa. The power to estimate extinction rates may be particularly low. Furthermore, we did not account for uncertainties in the phylogeny or estimated parameters, such as using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. Coupled with the high Type I errors of the QuaSSE method (Rabosky & Goldberg, 2015; and our simulation results), we were only able to detect biologically meaningful associations between body size and diversification rates in snakes. Incorporating fossil lineages into such analyses can be especially illuminating, revealing previously hidden patterns of evolutionary history (e.g. Betancur-R et al., 2015). It will enable us to determine whether changes in mass are related to the colonization of new areas, or facilitate the invasion of new adaptive zones (e.g. the marine environment in mosasaurs, or possibly the subterranean environment for small scolecophidian snakes). It will also enable us to detect possible changes in overall rates of extinction and diversification along the clade history (Raup et al., 1972; Gould et al., 1977, 1987) and include entire clades that are now extinct. 8 Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was funded, in part, by a Binational Science Foundation grant no. 2012143 to S.M. and in part by U.S. NSF grants DBI-0905765 and DEB-1441719 to R.A.P. Anat Feldman is supported by an Israel Science Foundation grant no. 1005/12 to S.M. We thank Dave Orme for valuable discussion and Tom Dowe and Miguel Olalla-Tárraga for help with amphisbaenian measurements. We thank museum collection managers for measuring some neglected species for us – or allowing us to measure them. We are indebted to many museum collection managers and herpetologists, especially to Aaron Bauer and Peter Uetz, and other members of the GARD initiative for huge help with taxonomic issues and in obtaining obscure papers and data. Yuval Itescu, Gavin Thomas and four anonymous referees provided very helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Lepidosaur body sizes Agapow, P.M. & Isaac, N.J. (2002) MacroCAIC: revealing correlates of species richness by comparative analysis. Diversity and Distributions, 8, 41–43. Agosta, S.J. & Bernardo, J. (2013) New macroecological insights into functional constraints on mammalian geographical range size. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 280, 20130140. Albert, J.A. & Johnson, D.M. 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(2011) Speciation in little: the role of range and body size in the diversification of Malagasy mantellid frogs. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11, 217. S U P P O RT I N G I N F O R M AT I O N Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher’s web-site: Appendix S1 Lepidosaur body sizes. EOL TraitBank (http://eol.org/traitbank) Global Ecology and Biogeography, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Appendix S2 Mass conversion equations. Appendix S3 Size data for squamates used to estimate average and standard deviation of mass. Appendix S4 Results of the MacroCAIC phylogenetic analyses for relationship between richness and mass. Appendix S5 Lepidosaur sub-order body size–frequency distributions. BIOSKETCH Anat Feldman is a post-doctoral research fellow interested in the biogeography and macroecology of snakes. 11 binomial Amphisbaena talisiae Cynisca degrysi Amphisbaena tragorrhectes Amphisbaena slevini Amphisbaena heathi Cynisca haugi Cynisca rouxae Amphisbaena maranhensis Amphisbaena carvalhoi Chirindia rondoensis Cynisca manei Amphisbaena hogei Amphisbaena mensae Cynisca bifrontalis Amphisbaena brevis Amphisbaena albocingulata Cynisca senegalensis Amphisbaena slateri Amphisbaena miringoera Cynisca oligopholis Amphisbaena crisae Agamodon compressus Amphisbaena neglecta Amphisbaena hastata Amphisbaena pericensis Amphisbaena vanzolinii Chirindia ewerbecki Cynisca leonina Amphisbaena leeseri Amphisbaena lumbricalis Amphisbaena caiari Chirindia langi Cynisca liberiensis Cynisca gansi Chirindia swynnertoni Cynisca kraussi Amphisbaena persephone Cynisca williamsi Amphisbaena silvestrii Amphisbaena uroxena Amphisbaena mitchelli Amphisbaena sanctaeritae Amphisbaena carlgansi Amphisbaena nigricauda Cynisca feae Amphisbaena gracilis Cynisca kigomensis Amphisbaena munoai Cynisca nigeriensis Chirindia mpwapwaensis Cynisca muelleri Amphisbaena barbouri Agamodon arabicus Amphisbaena anaemariae Amphisbaena medemi Loveridgea ionidesii Zygaspis vandami Zygaspis violacea Amphisbaena ignatiana Amphisbaena myersi Monopeltis kabindae Amphisbaena borelli Amphisbaena arenaria Amphisbaena supernumeraria Loveridgea phylofiniens Amphisbaena rozei Cynisca schaeferi Ancylocranium somalicum Amphisbaena hiata Amphisbaena cubana Baikia africana Bipes tridactylus Amphisbaena manni Amphisbaena bahiana Amphisbaena cayemite Zygaspis kafuensis Zygaspis dolichomenta Amphisbaena polygrammica Amphisbaena cegei Diplometopon zarudnyi Amphisbaena prunicolor Amphisbaena schmidti Geocalamus modestus Pachycalamus brevis Amphisbaena absaberi Amphisbaena fenestrata Amphisbaena kingii Amphisbaena steindachneri Agamodon anguliceps Blanus alexandri Amphisbaena ibijara Amphisbaena xera Ancylocranium barkeri Zygaspis quadrifrons Zygaspis ferox Geocalamus acutus Amphisbaena townsendi Mesobaena huebneri Blanus mettetali Amphisbaena ridleyi Mesobaena rhachicephala Blanus strauchi Amphisbaena leali Cynisca leucura Amphisbaena bakeri Dalophia luluae Amphisbaena occidentalis Amphisbaena stejnegeri Amphisbaena innocens Amphisbaena roberti Amphisbaena carli Amphisbaena caudalis Amphisbaena anomala Blanus tingitanus Monopeltis zambezensis Amphisbaena dubia Amphisbaena littoralis Bipes biporus Bipes canaliculatus Trogonophis wiegmanni Amphisbaena heterozonata Zygaspis nigra Amphisbaena plumbea Amphisbaena frontalis Amphisbaena arda Blanus aporus Blanus mariae Blanus cinereus Amphisbaena bedai Cynisca chirioi Monopeltis decosteri Monopeltis leonhardi Monopeltis rhodesiana Monopeltis scalper Amphisbaena caeca Monopeltis welwitschii Monopeltis perplexus Amphisbaena kraoh Amphisbaena bilabialatus Amphisbaena gonavensis Amphisbaena hyporissor Amphisbaena cuiabana Amphisbaena brasiliana Amphisbaena spurelli Amphisbaena vermicularis Ancylocranium ionidesi Amphisbaena octostegum Monopeltis capensis Monopeltis infuscata Amphisbaena amazonica Amphisbaena angustifrons Monopeltis anchietae Amphisbaena leucocephala Amphisbaena trachura Amphisbaena kisteumacheri Monopeltis guentheri Amphisbaena darwini Amphisbaena varia Dalophia angolensis Monopeltis sphenorhynchus Monopeltis vanderysti Amphisbaena saxosa Amphisbaena cerradensis Amphisbaena wiedi Monopeltis luandae Rhineura floridana Amphisbaena mertensii Dalophia ellenbergeri Amphisbaena wuchereri Amphisbaena maximus Amphisbaena bassleri Amphisbaena pretrei Monopeltis galeata valid yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes 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Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Family Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Trogonophiidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Trogonophiidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Bipedidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Trogonophiidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Trogonophiidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Trogonophiidae Blanidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Blanidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Blanidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Blanidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Bipedidae Bipedidae Trogonophiidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Blanidae Blanidae Blanidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Rhineuridae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae max length (mm) 105.0 107.0 110.0 120.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 125.0 129.0 129.0 129.0 130.0 130.0 131.0 137.0 138.0 138.0 139.0 142.0 147.0 149.0 103.0 150.0 152.0 153.0 153.0 153.0 155.0 156.0 156.0 157.0 158.0 158.0 158.5 160.0 160.0 161.0 161.0 162.0 163.0 165.0 165.0 168.0 168.0 168.0 170.0 170.0 172.0 173.0 175.0 175.0 177.0 130.0 179.0 184.0 184.0 185.0 185.0 188.0 188.0 188.0 193.0 195.0 195.0 195.0 196.0 197.0 202.0 204.0 206.0 206.0 160.0 212.0 215.0 220.0 220.0 226.0 227.0 229.0 185.0 238.0 240.0 240.0 198.0 242.0 242.0 242.0 243.0 200.0 200.0 244.1 245.0 245.0 245.0 247.0 248.0 252.0 252.0 210.0 253.0 253.0 212.0 254.0 258.0 260.0 260.0 262.0 265.0 268.0 268.0 269.0 269.0 273.0 235.0 275.0 276.0 278.0 240.0 240.0 240.0 280.0 280.0 283.0 284.0 285.0 252.0 253.0 254.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 291.0 293.0 300.0 305.0 307.0 310.0 310.0 316.0 317.0 320.0 325.0 328.0 336.0 340.0 340.0 342.0 345.0 345.0 350.0 350.0 356.0 356.0 360.0 402.0 362.0 365.0 365.0 375.0 385.0 385.0 385.0 380.0 410.0 420.0 426.6 440.0 450.0 462.0 466.0 length measure SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL conversion equation source* Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae intercept -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -5.858 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -5.858 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -5.858 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 slope 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 2.943 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 2.943 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 2.943 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 log mass -0.55 -0.52 -0.47 -0.34 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.24 -0.19 -0.19 -0.19 -0.18 -0.18 -0.16 -0.09 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.02 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.34 0.34 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.43 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.51 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.59 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.67 0.70 0.74 0.74 0.79 0.79 0.81 0.81 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 1.02 1.03 1.03 1.04 1.06 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.09 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.13 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.28 1.31 1.32 1.34 1.34 1.37 1.37 1.39 1.42 1.43 1.48 1.50 1.50 1.51 1.52 1.52 1.55 1.55 1.58 1.58 1.60 1.60 1.61 1.62 1.62 1.67 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.73 1.82 1.86 1.89 1.95 1.98 2.03 2.05 mass (g) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 0.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.5 5.5 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.5 7.5 7.8 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.7 8.9 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.8 10.4 10.7 10.7 11.0 11.6 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.3 13.0 13.2 13.4 13.6 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.4 14.4 15.0 15.3 15.5 16.2 16.4 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.8 17.3 19.0 20.3 20.8 21.7 21.7 23.4 23.7 24.6 26.2 27.2 29.9 31.4 31.4 32.1 33.3 33.3 35.2 35.2 37.7 37.7 39.5 39.5 40.3 41.7 41.7 46.5 51.6 51.6 51.6 54.2 66.4 73.2 77.9 88.2 96.5 107.2 111.0 in tree no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no no name in tree NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena hastata NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena leeseri NA NA NA NA NA Chirindia swynnertoni NA NA NA Amphisbaena silvestrii NA NA NA Amphisbaena carlgansi NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena munoai NA NA NA Amphisbaena barbouri NA Amphisbaena anaemariae NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena ignatiana NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena cubana NA Bipes tridactylus Amphisbaena manni NA NA NA NA NA NA Diplometopon zarudnyi NA Amphisbaena schmidti NA NA NA Amphisbaena fenestrata Anops kingii NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena xera NA NA NA Geocalamus acutus NA NA Blanus mettetali NA NA Blanus strauchi Amphisbaena leali Cynisca leucura Amphisbaena bakeri NA NA NA Amphisbaena innocens Cercolophia roberti NA NA Aulura anomala Blanus tingitanus NA NA NA Bipes biporus Bipes canaliculatus Trogonophis wiegmanni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Blanus cinereus NA NA NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena caeca NA NA Bronia kraoh NA NA Amphisbaena hyporissor Cercolophia cuiabana Bronia brasiliana NA Amphisbaena vermicularis NA NA Monopeltis capensis NA NA Amphisbaena angustifrons NA NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena darwini NA NA NA NA Bronia saxosa NA NA NA Rhineura floridana Amphisbaena mertensii NA NA NA NA NA NA Amphisbaena polystegum Amphisbaena fuliginosa Amphisbaena scutigerum Monopeltis adercae Dalophia longicauda Amphisbaena camura Amphisbaena cunhai Amphisbaena microcephalum Dalophia pistillum Amphisbaena bolivica Monopeltis remaclei Amphisbaena infraorbitale Monopeltis jugularis Monopeltis schoutedeni Dalophia gigantea Amphisbaena alba Amphisbaena acrobeles Sphenodon punctatus Sphaerodactylus elasmorhynchus Sphaerodactylus ariasae Sphaerodactylus parthenopion Paracontias fasika Sphaerodactylus omoglaux Sphaerodactylus schwartzi Scincella macrotis Pseudogonatodes barbouri Procellosaurinus tetradactylus Lepidoblepharis montecanoensis Sphaerodactylus nycteropus Afroablepharus wilsoni Lepidoblepharis miyatai Sphaerodactylus cryphius Sphaerodactylus plummeri Sphaerodactylus williamsi Brookesia micra Lepidoblepharis buchwaldi Sphaerodactylus perissodactylius Lerista separanda Lygodactylus broadleyi Paracontias milloti Coleodactylus natalensis Pseudogonatodes gasconi Sphaerodactylus bromeliarum Sphaerodactylus exsul Sphaerodactylus parvus Saproscincus tetradactylus Menetia maini Panaspis tancredi Pygmaeascincus koshlandae Lygodactylus roavolana Ebenavia maintimainty Brookesia tuberculata Lepidoblepharis microlepis Sphaerodactylus cricoderus Sphaerodactylus epiurus Sphaerodactylus gaigeae Sphaerodactylus nicholsi Sphaerodactylus phyzacinus Madascincus nanus Menetia alanae Menetia amaura Pygmaeascincus timlowi Gymnophthalmus cryptus Eroticoscincus graciloides Cnemaspis yercaudensis Brookesia confidens Lerista ingrami Lerista talpina Scelotes bicolor Sphenomorphus tetradactylus Sphaerodactylus streptophorus Lygisaurus abscondita Pygmaeascincus sadlieri Sphenomorphus grandisonae Sphenomorphus perhentianensis Brookesia dentata Sphaerodactylus guanajae Lygodactylus insularis Microgecko latifi Nactus sphaerodactylodes Janetaescincus veseyfitzgeraldi Coleodactylus brachystoma Hemidactylus matschiei Menetia concinna Pristurus simonettai Sphaerodactylus gilvitorques Sphaerodactylus ladae Brookesia tristis Cnemaspis podihuna Amphiglossus andranovahensis Amapasaurus tetradactylus Paracontias hildebrandti Gonatodes naufragus Lygodactylus decaryi Lygodactylus manni Coleodactylus elizae Pristurus schneideri Sphenomorphus tridigitus Procellosaurinus erythrocercus Lygodactylus howelli Lerista occulta Mediodactylus aspratilis Lygodactylus grandisonae Lygodactylus heterurus Lygosoma ashwamedhi Menetia surda Proablepharus tenuis Sphenomorphus sananus Sphaerodactylus callocricus Sphaerodactylus dunni Sphaerodactylus levinsi Sphaerodactylus molei Parvoscincus tagapayo Lygodactylus ornatus Lygisaurus malleolus Sphaerodactylus continentalis Lerista allochira Lerista christinae Lerista haroldi Cnemaspis menikay Lygodactylus klemmeri Tropiocolotes somalicus Pseudogonatodes lunulatus Scriptosaura catimbau Cryptactites peringueyi Goggia essexi Brookesia ramanantsoai Lygodactylus wetzeli Ablepharus grayanus Sphenomorphus alfredi Sphenomorphus anotus Sphenomorphus schlegeli Leptoseps osellai Lerista maculosa Lerista nevinae Cnemaspis wicksi Chatogekko amazonicus Coleodactylus meridionalis Lepidoblepharis peraccae Sphaerodactylus altavelensis Sphaerodactylus argivus Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni Sphaerodactylus elegantulus Sphaerodactylus fantasticus Sphaerodactylus inaguae Sphaerodactylus kirbyi Sphaerodactylus samanensis Sphaerodactylus leonardovaldesi Paracontias rothschildi Cnemaspis molligodai Stenodactylus mauritanicus Cnemaspis phuketensis Lipinia nitens Lygosoma veunsaiensis Lerista vermicularis Lygodactylus mirabilis Sphaerodactylus poindexteri Tropiocolotes wolfgangboehmei Brookesia exarmata Geomyersia coggeri Lygisaurus sesbrauna Lygisaurus zuma Madascincus macrolepis Nannoscincus greeri Nannoscincus hanchisteus Nannoscincus manautei Psilophthalmus paeminosus Lepidoblepharis williamsi Pristurus minimus Pristurus phillipsii Pseudogonatodes guianensis Sphaerodactylus beattyi Sphaerodactylus cochranae Sphaerodactylus docimus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Rhynchocephalia Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Rhynchocephalia Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Sphenodontidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae 470.1 SVL 500.0 SVL 500.0 SVL 510.0 SVL 520.0 SVL 535.0 SVL 550.0 SVL 550.0 SVL 560.0 SVL 569.0 SVL 580.0 SVL 635.0 SVL 640.0 SVL 660.0 SVL 705.0 SVL 810.0 SVL known from a single, mutilated NA 285.0 SVL 17.0 SVL 17.9 SVL 18.0 SVL 33.6 SVL 20.0 SVL 20.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 20.5 SVL 27.5 SVL 21.0 SVL 21.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 22.0 SVL 22.0 SVL 22.0 SVL 22.0 SVL 19.9 SVL 23.0 SVL 23.0 SVL 32.0 SVL 23.0 SVL 42.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 24.0 SVL 33.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 23.6 SVL 24.0 SVL 21.7 SVL 25.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 25.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 35.0 SVL 29.7 SVL 22.6 SVL 36.0 SVL 36.0 SVL 36.0 SVL 36.0 SVL 26.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 23.0 SVL 26.2 SVL 26.0 SVL 26.0 SVL 26.0 SVL 37.0 SVL 26.9 SVL 26.5 SVL 31.0 SVL 27.0 SVL 27.0 SVL 27.0 SVL 23.8 SVL 26.6 SVL 38.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 50.0 SVL 27.2 SVL 27.0 SVL 27.0 SVL 27.4 SVL 27.4 SVL 38.5 SVL 30.3 SVL 27.2 SVL 39.0 SVL 27.4 SVL 27.5 SVL 27.5 SVL 32.0 SVL 32.0 SVL 32.0 SVL 32.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 32.1 SVL 27.7 SVL 32.2 SVL 28.2 SVL 40.0 SVL 40.0 SVL 40.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.0 SVL 28.4 SVL 53.0 SVL 28.3 SVL 28.4 SVL 25.5 SVL 28.5 SVL 33.0 SVL 33.0 SVL 33.0 SVL 33.0 SVL 41.0 SVL 41.0 SVL 41.0 SVL 28.7 SVL 29.0 SVL 30.5 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.1 SVL 55.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.0 SVL 29.1 SVL 33.6 SVL 33.6 SVL 42.0 SVL 29.3 SVL 29.6 SVL 29.4 SVL 26.5 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.0 SVL 34.6 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL 30.0 SVL Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaenidae NA Derived from mass directly Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 -8.647 NA NA -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -4.559 -4.207 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -3.997 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -4.242 -4.207 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.207 -4.242 -3.997 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.559 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.559 -4.242 -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -3.997 -4.242 -4.207 -5.178 -4.207 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -5.178 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -4.559 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -4.559 -4.242 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 4.007 NA NA 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.300 2.970 2.970 3.229 2.970 2.472 2.970 2.970 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.680 2.970 2.970 2.472 2.761 2.300 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.472 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 2.472 2.761 2.680 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.970 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.970 2.761 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.680 2.761 2.472 3.302 2.300 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.472 3.302 2.761 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 2.761 3.229 2.970 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.761 2.970 2.761 2.680 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.06 2.17 2.17 2.20 2.24 2.29 2.33 2.33 2.36 2.39 2.43 2.58 2.60 2.65 2.77 3.01 NA 3.01 -0.90 -0.84 -0.83 -0.70 -0.69 -0.69 -0.67 -0.66 -0.65 -0.63 -0.63 -0.61 -0.57 -0.57 -0.57 -0.57 -0.52 -0.51 -0.51 -0.49 -0.48 -0.47 -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 -0.45 -0.45 -0.45 -0.45 -0.45 -0.43 -0.42 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.39 -0.39 -0.37 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.36 -0.35 -0.35 -0.34 -0.34 -0.34 -0.33 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.29 -0.29 -0.29 -0.29 -0.29 -0.29 -0.28 -0.27 -0.27 -0.27 -0.27 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.26 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.24 -0.24 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.21 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.19 -0.19 -0.19 -0.19 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 114.9 147.2 147.2 159.3 172.2 193.0 215.6 215.6 231.7 247.0 266.7 383.5 395.7 447.6 583.0 1016.9 NA 1020.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no no no no yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no no Leposternon polystegum Amphisbaena fuliginosa NA NA NA Amphisbaena camura Amphisbaena cunhai Leposternon microcephalum NA Amphisbaena bolivica NA Leposternon infraorbitale NA NA NA Amphisbaena alba NA Sphenodon punctatus NA NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus schwartzi NA NA Procellosaurinus tetradactylus NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus cryphius NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Coleodactylus natalensis NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus parvus Saproscincus tetradactylus NA NA NA NA NA Brookesia tuberculata NA Sphaerodactylus cricoderus NA Sphaerodactylus gaigeae Sphaerodactylus nicholsi NA Amphiglossus nanus Menetia alanae NA Menetia timlowi Gymnophthalmus cryptus NA NA NA Lerista ingrami NA NA NA NA Lygisaurus abscondita NA NA NA Brookesia dentata NA NA NA NA Janetaescincus veseyfitzgeraldi Coleodactylus brachystoma NA NA NA NA NA NA Cnemaspis podihuna NA NA Paracontias hildebrandti NA NA NA NA NA NA Procellosaurinus erythrocercus NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus heterurus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus molei Sphenomorphus tagapayo NA Lygisaurus malleolus NA Lerista allochira Lerista christinae Lerista haroldi NA NA NA Pseudogonatodes lunulatus NA Cryptactites peringueyi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Coleodactylus amazonicus Coleodactylus meridionalis NA Sphaerodactylus altavelensis NA Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni Sphaerodactylus elegantulus Sphaerodactylus fantasticus NA Sphaerodactylus kirbyi NA NA Paracontias rothschildi NA NA NA NA NA Lerista vermicularis Lygodactylus mirabilis NA NA Brookesia exarmata NA Lygisaurus sesbrauna NA NA Nannoscincus greeri Nannoscincus hanchisteus NA Psilophthalmus paeminosus NA Pristurus minimus NA Pseudogonatodes guianensis NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus monensis Sphaerodactylus sabanus Sphaerodactylus shrevei Sphaerodactylus townsendi Leptoseps poilani Nannoscincus slevini Leposoma snethlageae Cnemaspis indraneildasii Goggia gemmula Lygodactylus bradfieldi Tropiocolotes nattereri Tropiocolotes scortecci Alopoglossus lehmanni Cnemaspis australis Cnemaspis latha Cnemaspis mysoriensis Lerista taeniata Brookesia peyrierasi Cnemaspis jacobsoni Tropiocolotes nubicus Lygisaurus novaeguineae Paracontias kankana Calyptotis thorntonensis Lampropholis amicula Lygisaurus parrhasius Parvoscincus palawanensis Sphenomorphus bignelli Sphenomorphus buettikoferi Sphenomorphus sheai Sphaerodactylus armstrongi Sphaerodactylus asterulus Sphaerodactylus becki Sphaerodactylus glaucus Sphaerodactylus lazelli Sphaerodactylus leucaster Cnemaspis retigalensis Gonatodes daudini Alsophylax tadjikiensis Lygodactylus expectatus Narudasia festiva Tropiocolotes bisharicus Cynisca ivoirensis Sphaerodactylus heliconiae Leposoma nanodactylus Lerista elegans Sphenomorphus temengorensis Rhampholeon beraduccii Lerista chordae Paracontias vermisaurus Cnemaspis dezwaani Leptosiaphos aloysiisabaudiae Cnemaspis andersonii Cnemaspis whittenorum Goggia rupicola Lygodactylus intermedius Pristurus adrarensis Leposoma sinepollex Cnemaspis kumarasinghei Leposoma ferreirai Geomyersia glabra Nannoscincus humectus Parvoscincus steerei Tytthoscincus biparietalis Tytthoscincus parvus Lerista jacksoni Lerista kingi Lerista micra Scincella apraefrontalis Goggia lineata Coleodactylus septentrionalis Lepidoblepharis oxycephalus Pristurus rupestris Pseudogonatodes peruvianus Sphaerodactylus armasi Sphaerodactylus caicosensis Sphaerodactylus celicara Sphaerodactylus dacnicolor Sphaerodactylus goniorhynchus Sphaerodactylus graptolaemus Sphaerodactylus lineolatus Sphaerodactylus randi Sphaerodactylus rhabdotus Sphaerodactylus ruibali Sphaerodactylus semasiops Sphaerodactylus storeyae Sphaerodactylus underwoodi Sphaerodactylus zygaena Anolis cupeyalensis Cnemaspis dilepis Gehyra butleri Hemidactylus pumilio Microgecko helenae Sphaerodactylus richardi Sphaerodactylus siboney Cnemaspis otai Parvoscincus sisoni Tropiocolotes naybandensis Anolis incredulus Cryptoblepharus novohebridicus Lygisaurus laevis Lygisaurus tanneri Nannoscincus exos Sphenomorphus langkawiensis Lygodactylus inexpectatus Strophurus horneri Alsophylax loricatus Alsophylax szczerbaki Lygodactylus somalicus Vanzosaura savanicola Xantusia sherbrookei Lerista rolfei Cryptoblepharus adamsi Cnemaspis amith Mediodactylus sagittifer Nactus coindemirensis Nactus vankampeni Phelsuma kely Gonatodes atricucullaris Lepidoblepharis intermedius Sphaerodactylus argus Sphaerodactylus homolepis Sphaerodactylus ramsdeni Sphaerodactylus savagei Sphaerodactylus schuberti Sphaerodactylus thompsoni Brachymeles minimus Cnemaspis monticola Sphaerodactylus scapularis Colobosauroides carvalhoi Cnemaspis assamensis Leposoma baturitensis Brookesia desperata Lerista humphriesi Lygodactylus grotei Arthrosaura testigensis Leptosiaphos hylophilus Sphaerodactylus dimorphicus Anolis pygmaeus Lerista amicorum Lerista clara Lerista orientalis Lerista rhodonoides Nannoscincus gracilis Cnemaspis girii Cnemaspis modiglianii Afroablepharus seydeli Cryptoblepharus rutilus Cryptoblepharus xenikos Morethia storri Sphenomorphus consobrinus Lerista praepedita Paracontias tsararano Lygodactylus scorteccii Lepidophyma lineri Cnemaspis gemunu Cnemaspis pava Lygodactylus klugei Lygodactylus lawrencei Lygodactylus miops Lygodactylus scheffleri Lygodactylus williamsi Microgecko depressus Brookesia karchei Gonatodes eladioi Saurodactylus mauritanicus Sphaerodactylus clenchi Sphaerodactylus difficilis Sphaerodactylus microlepis Sphaerodactylus notatus Sphaerodactylus oliveri Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus Sphaerodactylus scaber Cercosaura hypnoides Hemiergis initialis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Amphisbaenidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 43.0 43.0 33.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 33.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 44.0 27.4 30.5 30.5 34.9 58.5 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.2 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 30.9 31.1 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 134.0 31.2 34.0 45.0 35.5 28.0 45.1 60.5 31.4 45.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.6 34.4 31.6 34.5 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 36.1 31.8 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 33.5 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.2 36.6 32.4 34.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 32.7 35.7 32.8 32.8 32.8 35.6 36.0 48.0 37.3 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 64.3 33.1 33.1 35.9 33.2 36.0 30.0 65.0 33.4 36.1 37.7 33.4 35.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 33.7 33.7 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 66.0 66.0 33.9 37.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 30.7 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 36.8 50.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Amphisbaenidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -4.207 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -8.647 -4.559 -5.178 -4.207 -5.125 -3.997 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -5.178 -4.242 -5.178 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -4.796 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -4.242 -4.559 -5.178 -4.242 -5.178 -3.997 -4.207 -4.242 -5.178 -5.125 -4.559 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.796 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.178 -4.207 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.472 2.472 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.680 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.761 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 4.007 2.970 3.302 2.472 3.229 2.680 2.472 2.300 2.761 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 3.302 2.761 3.302 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.229 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.057 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.048 2.472 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.300 2.761 2.970 3.302 2.761 3.302 2.680 2.300 2.761 3.302 3.229 2.970 2.942 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.300 2.300 2.761 3.048 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.302 2.472 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes NA Sphaerodactylus sabanus Sphaerodactylus shrevei Sphaerodactylus townsendi NA Nannoscincus slevini NA NA NA Lygodactylus bradfieldi NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista taeniata Brookesia peyrierasi NA NA Lygisaurus novaeguineae NA NA NA Lygisaurus parrhasius NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus armstrongi NA NA Sphaerodactylus glaucus NA Sphaerodactylus leucaster NA Gonatodes daudini NA Lygodactylus expectatus Narudasia festiva NA NA NA Leposoma nanodactylus Lerista elegans NA Rhampholeon beraduccii Lerista chordae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Nannoscincus humectus Sphenomorphus steerei NA Sphenomorphus parvus NA NA NA NA Goggia lineata Coleodactylus septentrionalis NA Pristurus rupestris NA NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus goniorhynchus NA NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus semasiops NA NA NA Anolis cupeyalensis NA NA Hemidactylus pumilio Tropiocolotes helenae Sphaerodactylus richardi NA NA Parvoscincus sisoni NA NA NA Lygisaurus laevis Lygisaurus tanneri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cyrtopodion sagittiferum NA Nactus vankampeni Phelsuma kely NA NA Sphaerodactylus argus NA Sphaerodactylus ramsdeni NA NA Sphaerodactylus thompsoni Brachymeles minimus NA NA NA NA Leposoma baturitensis NA Lerista humphriesi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista orientalis NA Nannoscincus gracilis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista praepedita NA NA Lepidophyma lineri NA NA Lygodactylus klugei Lygodactylus lawrencei Lygodactylus miops NA Lygodactylus williamsi NA Brookesia karchei Gonatodes eladioi Saurodactylus mauritanicus NA NA Sphaerodactylus microlepis Sphaerodactylus notatus Sphaerodactylus oliveri NA NA NA Hemiergis initialis Lerista chalybura Lerista muelleri Lerista verhmens Lerista zonulata Lerista ameles Paracontias manify Cnemaspis pulchra Hemiphyllodactylus ganoklonis Cryptoblepharus mertensi Cnemaspis littoralis Garthia penai Cryptoblepharus tytthos Leposoma osvaldoi Leposoma percarinatum Cryptoblepharus zoticus Anolis alfaroi Anolis juangundlachi Goggia braacki Hemidactylus minutus Bachia barbouri Luperosaurus sorok Anolis fugitivus Carlia rimula Cryptoblepharus wulbu Emoia kitcheneri Lipinia cheesmanae Lipinia miangensis Lygisaurus aeratus Notoscincus ornatus Tytthoscincus atrigularis Ophisops elbaensis Lerista distinguenda Lerista speciosa Tropiocolotes steudneri Cnemaspis adii Stenodactylus sharqiyahensis Cnemaspis silvula Cnemaspis timoriensis Lygodactylus blancae Lygodactylus verticillatus Pachydactylus scherzi Phelsuma vanheygeni Anolis ruibali Paracontias hafa Parvoscincus palaliensis Cnemaspis kallima Cnemaspis monachorum Gonatodes vittatus Lepidoblepharis heyerorum Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae Sphaerodactylus macrolepis Sphaerodactylus parkeri Sphaerodactylus sommeri Cnemaspis upendrai Goggia hexapora Lygisaurus macfarlani Lerista quadrivincula Lygodactylus tolampyae Dierogekko poumensis Ophioscincus cooloolensis Palleon lolontany Lygodactylus kimhowelli Leposoma annectans Vanzosaura multiscutatus Anolis duellmani Anolis inexpectatus Anolis rejectus Alsophylax przewalskii Sphaerodactylus millepunctatus Cryptoblepharus megastictus Ctenotus storri Ctenotus zebrilla Lipinia occidentalis Menetia greyii Ristella beddomii Ristella guentheri Ristella travancorica Saproscincus czechurai Tribolonotus blanchardi Tropidophorus micropus Microgecko persicus Scincella punctatolineata Afroedura marleyi Hemidactylus albofasciatus Hemidactylus citernii Hemidactylus megalops Luperosaurus joloensis Lygodactylus angolensis Lygodactylus pauliani Pachydactylus amoenus Phelsuma parva Janetaescincus braueri Riolama leucosticta Lygodactylus bivittis Cryptoblepharus eximius Cryptoblepharus schlegelianus Lepidodactylus shebae Sphaerodactylus intermedius Sphaerodactylus micropithecus Calyptommatus confusionibus Lipinia inexpectata Diporiphora convergens Mediodactylus stevenandersoni Cnemaspis shahruli Mediodactylus ilamensis Brookesia minima Cnemaspis phillipsi Nactus acutus Phelsuma hoeschi Lerista aericeps Lerista zietzi Leposoma guianense Cryptoblepharus daedalos Dierogekko inexpectatus Lygodactylus thomensis Cryptoblepharus exochus Asymblepharus nepalensis Carlia amax Carlia gracilis Carlia sukur Cryptoblepharus virgatus Ctenotus ehmanni Lipinia pulchra Lipinia rouxi Lygosoma frontoparietale Nannoscincus rankini Proablepharus reginae Sphenomorphus minutus Sphenomorphus modigliani Tribolonotus schmidti Ophisops beddomei Cricosaura typica Xantusia jaycolei Hemidactylus gracilis Lygodactylus arnoulti Lygodactylus madagascariensis Lygodactylus rarus Phelsuma pusilla Tropiocolotes algericus Tropiocolotes tripolitanus Cnemaspis punctata Cnemaspis scalpensis Carlia spinauris Lerista simillima Scelotes caffer Sepsina alberti Hemiphyllodactylus engganoensis Hemiphyllodactylus insularis Pristurus abdelkuri Sphaerodactylus cinereus Sphaerodactylus klauberi Sphaerodactylus ocoae Cryptoblepharus pannosus Ctenotus mesotes Homonota rupicola Cryptoblepharus ustulatus Dierogekko nehoueensis Cnemaspis samanalensis Goggia hewitti Lepidodactylus buleli Paracontias minimus Pristurus guichardi Lerista stylis Cryptoblepharus pulcher Anolis vanidicus Brookesia bekolosy Anolis pumilus Cryptoblepharus yulensis Alsophylax laevis Cnemaspis kamolnorranathi Lerista flammicauda Lerista tridactyla Voeltzkowia petiti Pristurus obsti yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 67.0 67.0 34.2 34.2 38.5 34.3 33.2 38.6 37.0 37.0 38.7 36.0 36.0 34.6 34.6 68.0 34.7 36.2 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 35.0 51.0 51.0 34.8 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 36.5 69.0 39.3 35.1 35.1 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.2 35.3 39.6 52.0 35.4 38.3 70.0 32.0 35.5 38.0 38.0 40.6 37.0 37.0 35.6 35.4 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 35.9 40.2 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 53.0 53.0 36.1 40.3 40.3 36.2 36.0 36.0 72.0 40.6 34.0 36.5 36.5 36.5 33.0 36.6 36.6 36.6 54.0 54.0 39.0 40.8 39.5 36.7 40.9 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 37.0 40.0 40.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.1 37.1 41.3 55.0 55.0 55.0 37.3 37.3 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 41.5 41.5 36.0 41.6 40.3 37.5 37.5 37.5 74.9 37.2 75.0 41.7 39.0 34.0 39.2 41.9 37.8 37.8 56.0 56.0 56.0 37.5 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.482 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.543 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -4.804 -4.207 -3.997 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.559 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.207 -5.125 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -5.178 -5.125 -4.804 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.543 -4.796 -4.796 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -5.125 -4.482 -5.125 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.559 -4.207 -5.125 -4.574 -3.997 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.559 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.300 2.300 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.945 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.300 2.761 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.951 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.300 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.472 2.761 3.057 2.300 2.680 2.761 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.970 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.300 3.229 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.472 3.302 3.229 3.057 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.951 3.048 3.048 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 3.229 2.945 3.229 3.057 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.300 2.970 2.300 3.229 2.942 2.680 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.970 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes no no NA Lerista muelleri NA Lerista zonulata Lerista ameles Paracontias manify NA NA NA NA NA NA Leposoma osvaldoi Leposoma percarinatum NA Anolis alfaroi NA NA NA Bachia barbouri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lygisaurus aeratus Notoscincus ornatus Sphenomorphus atrigularis NA Lerista distinguenda Lerista speciosa NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus blancae Lygodactylus verticillatus Pachydactylus scherzi Phelsuma vanheygeni NA NA NA NA NA Gonatodes vittatus NA NA Sphaerodactylus macrolepis NA NA NA NA Lygisaurus macfarlani NA Lygodactylus tolampyae Dierogekko poumensis NA Brookesia lolontany Lygodactylus kimhowelli Leposoma annectans NA NA Anolis inexpectatus Anolis rejectus NA NA NA NA NA NA Menetia greyii NA NA NA Saproscincus czechurai Tribolonotus blanchardi NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus albofasciatus Hemidactylus citernii NA Luperosaurus joloensis NA Lygodactylus pauliani NA NA Janetaescincus braueri NA NA NA NA NA Sphaerodactylus intermedius NA Calyptommatus confusionibus NA NA NA NA NA Brookesia minima NA Nactus acutus NA Lerista aericeps Lerista zietzi Leposoma guianense NA Dierogekko inexpectatus Lygodactylus thomensis NA NA Carlia amax Carlia gracilis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Proablepharus reginae NA NA Tribolonotus schmidti NA Cricosaura typica NA Hemidactylus gracilis Lygodactylus arnoulti Lygodactylus madagascariensis Lygodactylus rarus Phelsuma pusilla NA Tropiocolotes tripolitanus NA NA NA Lerista simillima Scelotes caffer NA NA NA Pristurus abdelkuri Sphaerodactylus cinereus Sphaerodactylus klauberi Sphaerodactylus ocoae NA NA NA NA Dierogekko nehoueensis NA NA NA NA Pristurus guichardi Lerista stylis NA Anolis vanidicus NA Anolis pumilus NA NA NA Lerista flammicauda Lerista tridactyla NA NA Pristurus popovi Carlia rufilatus Celatiscincus euryotis Cryptoblepharus novaeguineae Graciliscincus shonae Notoscincus butleri Panaspis cabindae Panaspis megalurus Sphenomorphus apalpebratus Sphenomorphus bacboensis Sphenomorphus mimicus Sphenomorphus textum Hemiphyllodactylus aurantiacus Anomalopus pluto Typhlacontias kataviensis Cyrtopodion medogense Hemidactylus funaiolii Lygodactylus depressus Lygodactylus montanus Lygodactylus nigropunctatus Lygodactylus ocellatus Phelsuma roesleri Phyllodactylus papenfussi Cryptoblepharus voeltzkowi Lygodactylus tuberosus Lucasium occultum Lipinia sekayuensis Saproscincus hannahae Nothobachia ablephara Cercosaura quadrilineata Anolis ophiolepis Cyrtodactylus celatus Hemidactylus paucituberculatus Pachydactylus parascutatus Gonatodes antillensis Gonatodes fuscus Lepidoblepharis duolepis Lepidoblepharis hoogmoedi Pseudogonatodes manessi Saurodactylus fasciatus Sphaerodactylus pimienta Cryptoblepharus bitaeniatus Cnemaspis temiah Dixonius aaronbaueri Lepidodactylus lombocensis Anolis alumina Anolis microlepis Anolis terueli Dierogekko insularis Cryptoblepharus keiensis Brookesia vadoni Lepidodactylus balioburius Riolama uzzelli Lerista apoda Cnemaspis boiei Saproscincus saltus Gymnophthalmus lineatus Leposoma ioanna Micrablepharus maximiliani Ptychoglossus eurylepis Luperosaurus yasumai Afroablepharus annobonensis Amphiglossus decaryi Caledoniscincus chazeaui Carlia johnstonei Carlia peronii Cryptoblepharus cursor Cryptoblepharus novocaledonicus Lipinia longiceps Lipinia septentrionalis Lygisaurus foliorum Saproscincus lewisi Saproscincus oriarus Scincella przewalskii Sphenomorphus striatopunctatum Tytthoscincus aesculeticola Pristurus samhaensis Hemidactylus klauberi Hemidactylus laevis Lygodactylus conradti Lygodactylus mombasicus Leposoma hexalepis Lerista kennedyensis Lerista stictopleura Lerista xanthura Cryptoblepharus juno Cryptoblepharus richardsi Parvoscincus arvindiesmosi Anolis anfiloquioi Lygisaurus curtus Lygodactylus blanci Bachia trisanale Ophioscincus truncatus Voeltzkowia lineata Lipinia vulcania Lepidodactylus paurolepis Pachydactylus griffini Cryptoblepharus quinquetaeniatus Lygodactylus graniticolus Pristurus mazbah Pristurus somalicus Sphaerodactylus corticola Sphaerodactylus elegans Sphaerodactylus roosevelti Sphaerodactylus rosaurae Sphaerodactylus torrei Leposoma caparensis Riolama luridiventris Bachia oxyrhina Nessia bipes Nessia deraniyagalai Voeltzkowia mira Anolis macilentus Anolis sheplani Anolis uniformis Anolis vescus Lerista bunglebungle Cryptoblepharus gloriosus Leposoma puk Cryptoblepharus cognatus Cryptoblepharus ochrus Ctenotus rosarium Cryptoblepharus leschenault Ctenotus vagus Cnemaspis alwisi Brachymeles isangdaliri Afroedura pongola Altiphylax mintoni Cnemaspis gracilis Cnemaspis uzungwae Gehyra kimberleyi Hemidactylus bavazzanoi Hemidactylus lopezjuradoi Hemidactylus puccionii Lygodactylus bernardi Lygodactylus conraui Lygodactylus guibei Lygodactylus stevensoni Lygodactylus waterbergensis Matoatoa brevipes Urocotyledon inexpectata Ablepharus darvazi Calyptotis temporalis Carlia munda Lipinia leptosoma Lygosoma singha Morethia taeniopleura Scincella rupicola Sphenomorphus bukitensis Sphenomorphus butleri Sphenomorphus courcyanum Sphenomorphus necopinatus Sphenomorphus scutatus Echinosaura sulcarostrum Xantusia extorris Cnemaspis chanardi Eremias andersoni Cnemaspis biocellata Carlia rubigo Brachymeles brevidactylus Hemiergis talbingoensis Lerista elongata Lerista fragilis Lerista labialis Dierogekko koniambo Cryptoblepharus gurrmul Hemiphyllodactylus tehtarik Typhlacontias rudebecki Anolis garridoi Afroedura leoloensis Cyrtopodion belaense Lepidodactylus moestus Lipinia zamboangensis Madascincus minutus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae 37.5 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 37.9 76.0 76.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 36.6 42.2 38.2 41.0 42.3 42.3 56.8 40.5 39.8 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 42.5 38.6 38.6 38.6 40.0 40.0 40.0 41.4 42.7 35.0 38.7 57.6 78.0 38.8 42.9 41.0 41.0 44.7 41.0 38.9 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 38.5 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 41.1 58.0 58.0 58.0 43.1 43.1 43.1 40.5 43.2 39.2 79.0 79.0 79.0 43.4 39.4 39.4 43.5 39.5 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 41.6 58.9 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 59.0 43.7 41.8 43.8 43.8 43.8 43.9 43.9 39.9 59.5 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 42.0 43.0 40.1 40.0 40.2 44.2 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 43.0 44.3 40.4 82.0 41.8 40.5 40.5 40.5 44.5 44.5 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae -4.559 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -5.125 -4.242 -4.804 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -5.178 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.804 -5.125 -3.997 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.178 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -5.125 -5.178 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.796 -4.242 -4.543 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.804 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 2.970 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.300 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.945 3.229 2.761 3.057 3.229 3.229 2.472 3.302 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.057 3.229 2.680 2.761 2.472 2.300 2.761 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.300 2.300 2.300 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.302 2.472 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.472 3.229 3.302 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.048 2.761 2.951 2.761 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.057 3.229 2.761 2.300 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 no yes yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes no yes yes no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no yes no no NA Carlia rufilatus Celatiscincus euryotis NA Graciliscincus shonae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Hemiphyllodactylus aurantiacus NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus montanus NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus tuberosus NA NA Saproscincus hannahae Nothobachia ablephara Cercosaura quadrilineata Anolis ophiolepis NA NA Pachydactylus parascutatus Gonatodes antillensis NA NA NA Pseudogonatodes manessi Saurodactylus fasciatus NA NA NA NA NA Anolis alumina NA NA Dierogekko insularis NA Brookesia vadoni NA NA Lerista apoda NA NA NA NA Micrablepharus maximiliani NA NA Afroablepharus annobonensis NA Caledoniscincus chazeaui Carlia johnstonei NA NA Cryptoblepharus novocaledonicus NA NA Lygisaurus foliorum Saproscincus lewisi Saproscincus oriarius NA NA Sphenomorphus aesculeticola NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista kennedyensis Lerista stictopleura Lerista xanthura NA NA NA NA NA NA Bachia trisanale Ophioscincus truncatus Voeltzkowia lineata NA NA Pachydactylus griffini NA NA NA Pristurus somalicus NA Sphaerodactylus elegans Sphaerodactylus roosevelti NA Sphaerodactylus torrei NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis macilentus Anolis sheplani Anolis uniformis NA NA NA Leposoma puk NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cnemaspis uzungwae NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus conraui Lygodactylus guibei Lygodactylus stevensoni NA Matoatoa brevipes Urocotyledon inexpectata NA NA Carlia munda NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus scutatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista elongata Lerista fragilis Lerista labialis Dierogekko koniambo NA NA NA Anolis garridoi NA NA Lepidodactylus moestus NA NA Scincella potanini Pristurus celerrimus Pristurus crucifer Pristurus flavipunctatus Pristurus gallagheri Pristurus longipes Pristurus sokotranus Quedenfeldtia moerens Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus Sphaerodactylus richardsonii Sphaerodactylus sputator Sphaerodactylus vincenti Cnemaspis indica Cryptoblepharus cygnatus Anolis koopmani Anolis occultus Cnemaspis harimau Hemidactylus ulii Lygodactylus regulus Mediodactylus heteropholis Anolis spectrum Hemiphyllodactylus kiziriani Leptosiaphos hackarsi Lerista uniduo Anomalopus brevicollis Scelotes anguineus Cnemaspis kolhapurensis Cnemaspis laoensis Pachydactylus maraisi Parvoscincus agtorum Cnemaspis dickersonae Lepidodactylus woodfordi Lygodactylus pictus Pachydactylus caraculicus Afroablepharus duruarum Afroablepharus maculicollis Caledoniscincus cryptos Ctenotus colletti Ctenotus pallescens Ctenotus rufescens Emoia rennellensis Emoia similis Lacertaspis chriswildi Lampropholis coggeri Lankascincus munindradasai Leptosiaphos fuhni Lerista viduata Lipinia vittigera Lygisaurus rococo Papuascincus phaeodes Parvoscincus decipiens Proablepharus kinghorni Sphenomorphus microtympanus Sphenomorphus puncticentralis Trachylepis nancycoutuae Xantusia gilberti Xantusia wigginsi Gymnophthalmus vanzoi Macropholidus ataktolepis Micrablepharus atticolus Parvoscincus banahaoensis Hemiphyllodactylus chiangmaiensis Ophiomorus maranjabensis Cnemaspis omari Gonatodes ligiae Ecpleopus gaudichaudii Parvoscincus abstrusus Amphiglossus mandady Amphiglossus ornaticeps Lerista lineata Plestiodon egregius Anolis lamari Hemidactylus mandebensis Lepidodactylus planicaudus Alsophylax pipiens Celatiscincus similis Cnemaspis kottiyoorensis Pristurus saada Sphaerodactylus copei Sphaerodactylus mariguanae Anolis cyanopleurus Anolis etheridgei Anolis scapularis Phelsuma borai Cryptoblepharus aldabrae Proscelotes aenea Hemidactylus adensis Diploglossus microcephalus Lipinia macrotympanum Asaccus gallagheri Asaccus montanus Brookesia bonsi Urocotyledon rasmusseni Sphaerodactylus alphus Cnemaspis barbouri Cnemaspis siamensis Ebenavia inunguis Lepidodactylus intermedius Lygodactylus fischeri Lygodactylus gravis Lygodactylus keniensis Lygodactylus methueni Pachydactylus punctatus Pachydactylus robertsi Paroedura vahiny Bachia guianensis Iphisa elegans Lerista borealis Lerista kalumburu Lerista walkeri Lygosoma lineolatum Brachymeles vermis Dibamus greeri Typhlacontias gracilis Typhlacontias punctatissimus Cnemaspis wynadensis Hemiphyllodactylus harterti Lepidodactylus yami Stenodactylus arabicus Dixonius hangseesom Carlia storri Ctenotus nasutus Emoia loveridgei Lipinia quadrivittata Morethia ruficauda Nannoscincus mariei Sigaloseps deplanchei Sphenomorphus cophias Sphenomorphus misolense Dierogekko thomaswhitei Cnemaspis nilagirica Gymnophthalmus underwoodi Leposoma rugiceps Dierogekko validiclavis Cryptoblepharus australis Cnemaspis chanthaburiensis Anolis quaggulus Cercosaura nigroventris Melanoseps pygmaeus Cnemaspis pseudomcguirei Lygodactylus luteopicturatus Placosoma cordylinum Ctenotus tantillus Bachia heteropa Lerista robusta Scelotes duttoni Scelotes insularis Tetradactylus eastwoodae Lankascincus dorsicatenatus Anolis dollfusianus Anolis oligaspis Anolis sacamecatensis Anolis zeus Kaieteurosaurus hindsi Dierogekko kaalaensis Parvoscincus aurorus Gonatodes petersi Brachymeles cobos Scelotes arenicolus Pachydactylus otaviensis Phyllodactylus barringtonensis Phyllodactylus heterurus Scincella schmidti Cnemaspis jerdonii Hemidactylus curlei Hemidactylus somalicus Lepidodactylus orientalis Lygodactylus capensis Lygodactylus picturatus Pachydactylus bicolor Phelsuma klemmeri Sitana schleichi Brachymeles lukbani Afroablepharus africanus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dibamidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae 44.5 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.6 44.6 42.0 42.0 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 42.1 40.8 61.0 61.0 83.0 83.0 40.9 40.9 40.9 44.9 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 44.0 44.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 45.1 41.2 84.0 41.3 40.7 43.2 45.3 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 42.8 41.5 41.5 41.6 45.5 41.7 41.0 41.0 41.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 41.7 45.6 62.5 41.8 53.0 45.7 40.0 40.0 38.0 41.9 41.2 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 42.1 42.1 42.1 42.1 42.1 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 44.9 42.3 44.0 44.0 45.0 46.2 42.4 43.7 44.1 87.0 42.5 42.5 44.2 46.4 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 46.5 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.4 45.4 46.6 42.1 64.4 88.0 42.9 41.0 41.0 46.8 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 39.5 88.7 47.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.796 -4.796 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.559 -5.178 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -5.765 -5.125 -4.482 -4.482 -3.997 -4.242 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -5.178 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.804 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -4.804 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -5.178 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.178 -4.804 -5.125 -4.559 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.207 -5.125 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.761 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.300 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.048 3.048 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.229 2.761 2.300 2.761 2.970 3.302 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.229 2.472 2.761 3.480 3.229 2.945 2.945 2.680 2.761 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 3.302 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.057 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.057 3.229 2.761 2.942 3.302 2.300 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.302 3.057 3.229 2.970 2.472 2.300 2.761 2.945 2.945 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 2.300 3.229 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no no no no no no yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes NA Pristurus celerrimus Pristurus crucifer Pristurus flavipunctatus NA NA Pristurus sokotranus Quedenfeldtia moerens Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus NA Sphaerodactylus sputator Sphaerodactylus vincenti NA NA NA Anolis occultus NA NA NA Carinatogecko heteropholis NA NA Leptosiaphos hackarsi Lerista uniduo NA Scelotes anguineus NA NA NA NA Cnemaspis dickersoni NA Lygodactylus pictus Pachydactylus caraculicus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lacertaspis chriswildi Lampropholis coggeri NA NA Lerista viduata Lipinia vittigera NA NA Sphenomorphus decipiens NA NA NA NA NA Xantusia wigginsi Gymnophthalmus vanzoi NA Micrablepharus atticolus NA NA NA NA NA Ecpleopus gaudichaudii NA NA Amphiglossus ornaticeps Lerista lineata Plestiodon egregius NA NA NA Alsophylax pipiens Celatiscincus similis NA NA Sphaerodactylus copei NA Anolis cyanopleurus Anolis etheridgei NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brookesia bonsi NA NA NA NA Ebenavia inunguis NA NA Lygodactylus gravis Lygodactylus keniensis NA Pachydactylus punctatus Pachydactylus robertsi NA NA Iphisa elegans Lerista borealis Lerista kalumburu Lerista walkeri Lygosoma lineolatum NA Dibamus greeri NA Typhlacontias punctatissimus NA NA NA Stenodactylus arabicus NA Carlia storri Ctenotus nasutus NA NA Morethia ruficauda Nannoscincus mariei Sigaloseps deplanchei NA NA Dierogekko thomaswhitei NA Gymnophthalmus underwoodi NA Dierogekko validiclavis NA NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus luteopicturatus Placosoma cordylinum NA Bachia heteropa Lerista robusta NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis zeus NA Dierogekko kaalaensis NA Gonatodes petersi NA Scelotes arenicolus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lepidodactylus orientalis Lygodactylus capensis Lygodactylus picturatus Pachydactylus bicolor Phelsuma klemmeri NA NA Afroablepharus africanus Cryptoblepharus fuhni Cryptoblepharus furvus Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus Emoia maxima Parvoscincus lawtoni Ristella rurkii Sphenomorphus schultzei Sphenomorphus tritaeniatus Bachia talpa Lerista greeri Voeltzkowia rubrocaudata Pachydactylus montanus Latastia taylori Diplodactylus galaxias Cnemaspis selamatkanmerapoh Cryptoblepharus ruber Insulasaurus victoria Cercosaura steyeri Gymnophthalmus speciosus Leposoma parietale Stenolepis ridleyi Vanzosaura rubricauda Cnemaspis huaseesom Scincella formosensis Typhlacontias rohani Ceratophora karu Dibamus vorisi Anolis carpenteri Anolis cryptolimifrons Anolis elcopeensis Anolis nasofrontalis Anolis pseudotigrinus Anolis radulinus Anolis rimarum Anolis tenorioensis Lerista yuna Cryptoblepharus africanus Mesalina ayunensis Brachymeles libayani Brachymeles paeforum Brachymeles samarensis Hemidactylus thayene Asaccus iranicus Homonota taragui Cnemaspis nairi Cyrtopodion brevipes Gehyra leopoldi Hemidactylus foudaii Hemidactylus gleadowi Lygodactylus chobiensis Homonota borellii Phyllodactylus inaequalis Phyllodactylus thompsoni Hemidactylus inexpectatus Nessia monodactyla Tetradactylus udzungwensis Cryptoblepharus metallicus Lepidodactylus aureolineatus Ablepharus budaki Lipinia nototaenia Scincella barbouri Sphenomorphus annectens Cnemaspis clivicola Parvoscincus luzonense Pachydactylus boehmei Psammodromus occidentalis Lerista bipes Lerista griffini Lerista kendricki Scelotes fitzsimonsi Bavayia exsuccida Leposoma scincoides Pachydactylus etultra Carlia bicarinata Cryptoblepharus ater Dibamus deharvengi Colobosauroides cearensis Euspondylus monsfumus Gymnophthalmus leucomystax Macropholidus ruthveni Ptychoglossus grandisquamatus Brachymeles bicolandia Cnemaspis vandeventeri Pachydactylus reconditus Anolis binotatus Anolis carlliebi Anolis cusuco Anolis peucephilus Anolis placidus Anolis quercorum Anolis umbrivagus Hemidactylus bayonii Proablepharus naranjicaudus Altiphylax levitoni Anolis cymbops Euleptes europaea Lepidoblepharis conolepis Afrogecko ansorgii Cnemaspis quattuorseriata Hemidactylus masirahensis Hemidactylus modestus Hemidactylus ophiolepis Hemidactylus scabriceps Lepidodactylus novaeguineae Lygodactylus gutturalis Nactus soniae Pachydactylus geitje Phelsuma nigristriata Urocotyledon weileri Lerista frosti Lerista nichollsi Cryptoblepharus caudatus Cnemaspis heteropholis Cyrtodactylus kimberleyensis Phelsuma gouldi Brachymeles pathfinderi Gonatodes seigliei Homonota andicola Homonota whitii Phyllodactylus duellmani Feylinia macrolepis Nessia layardi Scincella kikaapoa Caledoniscincus aquilonius Carlia decora Carlia jarnoldae Carlia wundalthini Ctenotus nigrilineatus Lampropholis couperi Leptosiaphos koutoui Lipinia infralineolata Scincella caudaequinae Sphenomorphus louisiadensis Sphenomorphus maculicollus Parvoscincus jimmymcguirei Proctoporus machupicchu Gonatodes lichenosus Algyroides fitzingeri Diplodactylus kenneallyi Bachia scaea Calyptommatus nicterus Lepidodactylus christiani Anolis alayoni Cryptoblepharus buchananii Pachydactylus carinatus Isopachys anguinoides Arthrosaura tyleri Proctoporus guentheri Riama shrevei Anolis altavelensis Anolis apletophallus Anolis fungosus Anolis insolitus Anolis ocelloscapularis Anolis oporinus Anolis semilineatus Anolis vicarius Anolis yoroensis Emoia aurulenta Afroedura langi Afroedura waterbergensis Cyrtopodion hormozganum Gehyra spheniscus Hemidactylus albopunctatus Lygodactylus angularis Pachydactylus labialis Phelsuma modesta Rhoptropella ocellata Rhynchoedura sexapora Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma Pseudogonatodes furvus Cnemaspis bayuensis Bavayia goroensis Dibamus ingeri yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Dibamidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Dibamidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Dibamidae 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 65.0 65.0 89.0 43.3 43.0 46.0 43.4 47.2 47.2 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 43.5 47.3 90.0 40.0 90.1 46.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 66.0 47.6 43.5 66.1 66.1 66.1 43.9 41.8 41.9 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 44.1 91.0 66.5 47.9 44.2 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 44.3 48.1 44.4 44.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 47.0 45.9 44.5 48.2 48.2 92.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 67.4 44.7 44.7 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 44.8 48.5 44.9 46.1 44.0 44.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 68.0 68.0 48.7 45.1 45.1 45.1 68.3 44.2 43.0 43.0 43.0 94.0 94.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 46.7 44.5 45.0 48.0 69.0 69.0 45.6 46.8 49.3 45.7 95.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 49.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 49.5 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 48.5 45.0 45.0 46.1 48.6 96.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Lacertidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.543 -4.804 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -5.125 -4.207 -4.686 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -5.125 -4.543 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.543 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.804 -5.178 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.559 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.559 -4.543 -4.804 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -4.804 -4.207 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.300 2.761 2.951 3.057 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.761 3.229 2.300 3.105 2.300 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.472 3.229 2.951 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.761 2.300 2.472 3.229 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.951 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.057 3.302 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.300 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.942 2.970 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.472 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.970 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.300 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 2.970 2.951 3.057 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.300 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.057 2.970 2.970 2.761 3.057 2.300 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes no yes no no no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes no NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus lawtoni Ristella rurkii NA NA NA Lerista greeri Voeltzkowia rubrocaudata Pachydactylus montanus NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus victoria NA Gymnophthalmus speciosus Leposoma parietale Stenolepis ridleyi Vanzosaura rubricauda NA NA NA Ceratophora karu NA Anolis carpenteri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista yuna NA NA NA NA Brachymeles samarensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus foudaii NA Lygodactylus chobiensis Homonota borellii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ablepharus budaki NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus luzonense NA NA Lerista bipes Lerista griffini Lerista kendricki NA NA Leposoma scincoides NA Carlia bicarinata NA NA Colobosauroides cearensis NA Gymnophthalmus leucomystax NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus reconditus NA NA NA NA Anolis placidus Anolis quercorum NA NA NA NA NA Euleptes europaea NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus modestus NA NA Lepidodactylus novaeguineae Lygodactylus gutturalis NA Pachydactylus geitje Phelsuma nigristriata NA Lerista frosti Lerista nichollsi NA NA NA NA Brachymeles pathfinderi Gonatodes seigliei Homonota andicola NA Phyllodactylus duellmani NA NA NA Caledoniscincus aquilonius NA Carlia jarnoldae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Algyroides fitzingeri NA NA Calyptommatus nicterus NA Anolis alayoni NA Pachydactylus carinatus Isopachys anguinoides NA Proctoporus guentheri NA NA NA NA Anolis insolitus Anolis ocelloscapularis Anolis oporinus Anolis semilineatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lygodactylus angularis Pachydactylus labialis Phelsuma modesta Phelsuma ocellata NA Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma NA NA Bavayia goroensis NA Riama rhodogaster Brookesia betschi Lerista carpentariae Lerista gascoynensis Lerista onsloviana Lerista petersoni Lerista praefrontalis Lerista terdigitata Scelotes gronovii Scelotes schebeni Phrynocephalus interscapularis Strophurus elderi Emoia coggeri Kaestlea laterimaculata Saproscincus basiliscus Gonatodes astralis Lipinia semperi Cnemaspis dringi Hemidactylus sataraensis Ablepharus lindbergi Caledoniscincus terma Carlia dogare Carlia vivax Cryptoblepharus balinensis Cryptoblepharus burdeni Cryptoblepharus renschi Ctenotus calurus Ctenotus hilli Ctenotus serotinus Ctenotus striaticeps Ctenotus xenopleura Emoia impar Eremiascincus butlerorum Leptosiaphos vigintiserierum Lipinia pulchella Madascincus ankodabensis Sphenomorphus ishaki Tribolonotus annectens Sirenoscincus mobydick Cyrtopodion baigii Dixonius vietnamensis Gonatodes caudiscutatus Ophioscincus ophioscincus Bavayia pulchella Strophurus jeanae Mesalina adramitana Pedioplanis breviceps Hemiphyllodactylus zugi Cnemaspis flavolineata Lerista karlschmidti Calyptommatus leiolepis Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus Celestus agasepsoides Lerista dorsalis Melanoseps longicauda Sepsina bayoni Anolis alutaceus Anolis argillaceus Anolis fortunensis Anolis omiltemanus Anolis poncensis Anolis pseudopachypus Emoia paniai Sphenomorphus murudensis Cyrtopodion kiabii Hemiphyllodactylus margarethae Arthrosaura montigena Cercosaura parkeri Euspondylus simonsii Anolis centralis Anolis litoralis Eutropis darevskii Cnemaspis roticanai Cyrtodactylus feae Cyrtodactylus laevigatus Kolekanos plumicaudus Pachydactylus austeni Pachydactylus scutatus Paroedura androyensis Phelsuma masohoala Brookesia brunoi Diplodactylus barraganae Cyrtodactylus semiadii Gonatodes hasemani Lepidoblepharis colombianus Lepidoblepharis ruthveni Cnemaspis caudanivea Cnemaspis perhentianensis Cyrtopodion montiumsalsorum Cryptoblepharus ahli Emoia physicina Anolis marsupialis Xantusia sanchezi Brachymeles elerae Emoia ponapea Eutropis quadricarinata Oligosoma levidensum Sphenomorphus megalops Lerista cinerea Lerista ips Lerista planiventralis Tetradactylus breyeri Tetradactylus ellenbergeri Voeltzkowia fierinensis Anolis guazuma Lepidodactylus vanuatuensis Ctenophorus butlerorum Phoxophrys tuberculata Proablepharus barrylyoni Phyllodactylus leei Quedenfeldtia trachyblepharus Cnemaspis alantika Lepidodactylus browni Anolis benedikti Caledoniscincus auratus Caledoniscincus renevieri Leptosiaphos amieti Lipinia auriculata Scincella ochracea Scincella rufocaudatus Bavayia septuiclavis Crenadactylus ocellatus Diplodactylus savagei Rhynchoedura mentalis Rhynchoedura ormsbyi Strophurus taeniatus Holaspis laevis Psammodromus blanci Pseuderemias smithii Pseuderemias striatus Lepidodactylus ranauensis Anolis guafe Feylinia boulengeri Ophiomorus punctatissimus Emoia jamur Anolis christophei Anolis datzorum Anolis gibbiceps Anolis granuliceps Anolis hobartsmithi Anolis impetigosus Anolis schwartzi Bachia huallagana Bachia pallidiceps Haackgreerius miopus Lerista storri Hemidactylus squamulatus Lepidodactylus oligoporus Lepidodactylus pumilus Mediodactylus amictopholis Pachydactylus sansteynae Phelsuma antanosy Carlia babarensis Cnemaspis karsticola Lepidodactylus manni Tetradactylus tetradactylus Cnemaspis nuicamensis Hemidactylus shihraensis Mediodactylus spinicauda Anolis hendersoni Gonatodes humeralis Lepidoblepharis festae Brookesia lambertoni Calumma fallax Anolis amplisquamosus Anolis clivicola Xantusia sierrae Anolis immaculogularis Platysaurus mitchelli Pachydactylus visseri Takydromus madaensis Ctenotus astictus Bachia psamophila Phyllodactylus clinatus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Xantusiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Xantusiidae Dactyloidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae 47.3 42.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 42.0 48.7 49.8 49.8 49.8 45.2 49.9 46.4 46.4 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 70.5 46.5 46.5 45.4 97.0 49.0 49.0 46.0 46.0 46.6 46.7 70.9 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 48.0 48.0 49.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 50.4 50.4 46.9 46.9 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.1 48.1 50.5 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 42.8 49.5 47.1 46.0 46.0 46.0 47.2 47.2 47.2 50.7 50.7 48.4 50.0 71.9 50.8 50.8 50.8 50.8 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 48.5 47.4 43.0 43.0 50.9 45.0 46.3 47.5 47.5 48.6 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.7 48.8 100.0 100.0 51.3 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 51.5 48.1 48.1 73.4 48.2 48.2 48.2 49.3 47.0 47.0 44.0 44.0 49.4 49.4 51.0 49.5 52.0 48.5 47.8 51.9 74.0 46.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.178 -3.997 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.686 -4.804 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.559 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.207 -4.804 -4.804 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.804 -4.242 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -4.796 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.482 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.559 -4.559 -3.997 -3.997 -4.574 -4.574 -4.796 -4.574 -5.747 -4.242 -4.543 -5.125 -4.207 -4.482 3.302 2.680 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.105 3.057 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.970 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.970 2.300 3.057 3.057 2.951 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 3.057 2.761 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.942 3.048 2.472 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.945 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.761 2.942 2.300 2.300 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.970 2.970 2.680 2.680 2.942 2.942 3.048 2.942 3.589 2.761 2.951 3.229 2.472 2.945 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no NA Brookesia betschi Lerista carpentariae Lerista gascoynensis Lerista onsloviana Lerista petersoni NA Lerista terdigitata Scelotes gronovii NA Phrynocephalus interscapularis Strophurus elderi NA NA Saproscincus basiliscus NA NA NA Hemidactylus sataraensis NA Caledoniscincus terma Carlia dogare Carlia vivax NA NA NA Ctenotus calurus Ctenotus hilli NA NA NA Emoia impar NA Leptosiaphos vigintiserierum Lipinia pulchella NA NA NA NA NA Dixonius vietnamensis Gonatodes caudiscutatus Ophioscincus ophioscincus Bavayia pulchella Strophurus jeanae Mesalina adramitana Pedioplanis breviceps NA NA Lerista karlschmidti Calyptommatus leiolepis Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus Celestus agasepsoides Lerista dorsalis NA NA Anolis alutaceus Anolis argillaceus NA NA Anolis poncensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis centralis NA NA NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus austeni Pachydactylus scutatus Paroedura androyensis NA NA NA NA Gonatodes hasemani NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Xantusia sanchezi Brachymeles elerae NA NA Cyclodina levidensa NA Lerista cinerea Lerista ips Lerista planiventralis NA NA Voeltzkowia fierinensis Anolis guazuma NA NA NA NA NA Quedenfeldtia trachyblepharus NA NA NA Caledoniscincus auratus Caledoniscincus renevieri Leptosiaphos amieti NA NA NA NA Crenadactylus ocellatus Diplodactylus savagei NA NA Strophurus taeniatus Holaspis laevis Psammodromus blanci Pseuderemias smithii NA NA Anolis guafe NA Ophiomorus punctatissimus NA Anolis christophei NA NA NA NA NA NA Bachia huallagana NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus sansteynae Phelsuma antanosy NA NA NA Tetradactylus tetradactylus NA NA Cyrtopodion spinicaudum Anolis hendersoni Gonatodes humeralis Lepidoblepharis festae NA Calumma fallax NA Anolis clivicola NA NA Platysaurus mitchelli NA NA NA NA NA Phyllodactylus galapagensis Phyllodactylus kofordi Ablepharus rueppellii Cryptoblepharus egeriae Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus Eutropis bibronii Lampropholis guichenoti Lampropholis mirabilis Lankascincus taylori Panopa croizati Papuascincus morokanus Sphenomorphus rarus Sphenomorphus tanneri Trachylepis volamenaloha Diplodactylus fulleri Diplodactylus lateroides Rhynchoedura angusta Rhynchoedura eyrensis Anolis wellbornae Pachydactylus mclachlani Petracola waka Ophisops occidentalis Brachymeles cebuensis Dibamus booliati Scolecoseps litipoensis Celestus macrotus Gonatodes riveroi Anolis cobanensis Anolis humilis Anolis maculiventris Anolis nietoi Anolis paravertebralis Anolis parvicirculatus Anolis paternus Anolis rodriguezii Anolis rubiginosus Anolis williamsii Anolis zapotecorum Nannoscincus garrulus Gehyra minuta Gehyra moritzi Gehyra pulingka Lepidodactylus flaviocularis Rhoptropus barnardi Carlia inconnexa Delma torquata Hemiergis quadrilineata Leptosiaphos graueri Leptosiaphos meleagris Lerista wilkinsi Scelotes mossambicus Anolis monteverde Sphenomorphus tonkinensis Acanthodactylus khamirensis Ceratophora aspera Anotosaura collaris Anotosaura vanzolinia Cercosaura argulus Colobodactylus dalcyanus Sitana sivalensis Cnemaspis stongensis Hemidactylus homoeolepis Pachydactylus waterbergensis Brookesia lineata Brookesia thieli Gonatodes albogularis Emoia veracunda Riama stellae Anolis stevepoei Anolis unilobatus Altiphylax tokobajevi Urocotyledon wolterstorffi Cnemaspis punctatonuchalis Hemidactylus lavadeserticus Hemidactylus mrimaensis Brachymeles mapalanggaon Ophiomorus latastii Garthia gaudichaudii Phyllodactylus interandinus Lerista vittata Nessia burtonii Scelotes vestigifer Carlia triacantha Ctenotus rutilans Lampropholis adonis Lampropholis elongata Leptosiaphos pauliani Lipinia surda Lygosoma goaensis Marmorosphax boulinda Plestiodon parviauriculatus Prasinohaema parkeri Pseudemoia baudini Hemidactylus newtoni Ophisops jerdonii Hemidactylus dawudazraqi Otocryptis beddomei Phrynocephalus clarkorum Insulasaurus traanorum Afroedura bogerti Cnemaspis elgonensis Cnemaspis koehleri Cyrtodactylus consobrinoides Cyrtopodion agamuroides Cyrtopodion fortmunroi Cyrtopodion gastrophole Dixonius melanostictus Hemidactylus barbierii Hemidactylus bouvieri Hemidactylus ophiolepoides Hemidactylus oxyrhinus Heteronotia planiceps Lepidodactylus euaensis Nactus galgajuga Pachydactylus goodi Pachydactylus weberi Paroedura vazimba Phelsuma mutabilis Phelsuma pronki Phelsuma robertmertensi Stenodactylus pulcher Anolis bahorucoensis Anolis caudalis Anolis kreutzi Anolis limifrons Anolis wampuensis Anolis websteri Carlia leucotaenia Emoia jakati Cnemaspis flavigaster Pachydactylus acuminatus Lepidophyma cuicateca Lepidophyma radula Proctoporus cephalolineatus Lepidodactylus tepukapili Pachydactylus monicae Anolis campbelli Anolis pulchellus Dibamus somsaki Glaphyromorphus nyanchupinta Scincella vandenburghi Arthrosaura synaptolepis Gymnophthalmus pleei Anomalopus swansoni Gonatodes superciliaris Sphaerodactylus pacificus Cnemaspis hangus Carlia tutela Cnemaspis grismeri Gonatodes alexandermendesi Emoia parkeri Anolis rubribarbaris Sitana devakai Cnemaspis paripari Latastia siebenrocki Carlia bomberai Strophurus mcmillani Altiphylax yarkandensis Cnemaspis affinis Pachydactylus purcelli Ablepharus chernovi Ctenotus gagudju Ctenotus stuarti Emoia ruficauda Lacertaspis reichenowi Lampropholis caligula Leptosiaphos rhomboidalis Lipinia albodorsalis Lipinia noctua Niveoscincus coventryi Sphenomorphus fragilis Sphenomorphus orientale Trachylepis lacertiformis Trachylepis vezo yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Scincidae Dibamidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Lacertidae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dibamidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae 46.0 46.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 54.0 48.7 49.5 48.0 74.4 102.7 103.0 60.0 47.6 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 52.3 45.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 52.4 63.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 50.2 52.5 48.4 44.5 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 44.5 49.3 49.3 49.3 45.0 45.0 48.0 52.7 50.1 50.5 50.5 49.5 49.5 49.6 49.6 49.6 75.8 105.0 47.0 47.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 49.8 49.0 49.9 45.0 45.0 53.2 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 53.3 53.3 50.1 50.2 52.8 52.8 50.8 50.3 50.3 51.3 51.3 106.6 53.6 53.6 51.0 51.0 107.0 49.0 49.0 50.5 53.7 50.6 49.1 53.8 52.0 45.6 50.7 49.8 53.9 53.0 50.8 50.8 50.8 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae -4.482 -4.482 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.574 -4.242 -5.178 -4.543 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.765 -4.559 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -2.039 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -5.125 -4.543 -4.686 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -4.559 -5.125 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.482 -4.482 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.543 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.796 -4.796 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -4.207 -4.559 -4.559 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.559 -5.125 -4.574 -4.686 -4.242 -4.543 -5.125 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 2.945 2.945 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.942 2.761 3.302 2.951 2.472 2.300 2.300 3.480 2.970 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 1.371 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.942 3.229 2.951 3.105 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.970 3.229 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.300 2.945 2.945 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.951 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.048 3.048 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.302 2.300 2.970 2.970 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.970 3.229 2.942 3.105 2.761 2.951 3.229 3.057 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 no no no no no yes yes no no yes no no no no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes no yes no no yes yes no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no no NA NA NA NA NA Eutropis bibronii Lampropholis guichenoti NA NA Mabuya croizati NA NA NA NA Diplodactylus fulleri NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus mclachlani NA Ophisops occidentalis Brachymeles cebuensis NA NA NA NA NA Anolis humilis NA NA NA NA Anolis paternus NA Anolis polyrhachis NA NA Nannoscincus garrulus Gehyra minuta NA NA NA Rhoptropus barnardi NA Delma torquata Hemiergis quadrilineatum Leptosiaphos graueri NA Lerista wilkinsi NA NA NA NA Ceratophora aspera Anotosaura collaris NA Cercosaura argulus Colobodactylus dalcyanus NA NA Hemidactylus homoeolepis Pachydactylus waterbergensis Brookesia lineata Brookesia thieli Gonatodes albogularis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ophiomorus latastii Homonota gaudichaudii NA NA NA NA Carlia triacantha Ctenotus rutilans NA NA NA NA NA NA Plestiodon parviauriculatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cyrtopodion agamuroides NA Cyrtopodion gastrophole Dixonius melanostictus NA Hemidactylus bouvieri NA Hemidactylus oxyrhinus Heteronotia planiceps NA Nactus galgajuga NA Pachydactylus weberi Paroedura vazimba Phelsuma mutabilis Phelsuma pronki Phelsuma robertmertensi NA Anolis bahorucoensis Anolis caudalis NA Anolis limifrons NA Anolis websteri NA Emoia jakati NA NA Lepidophyma cuicateca Lepidophyma radula NA NA Pachydactylus monicae NA Anolis pulchellus NA NA NA NA Gymnophthalmus pleei Anomalopus swansoni Gonatodes superciliaris NA NA NA NA Gonatodes alexandermendesi NA Anolis rubribarbaris NA NA NA NA Strophurus mcmillani NA NA Pachydactylus purcelli Ablepharus chernovi Ctenotus gagudju NA NA Lacertaspis reichenowi NA NA NA Lipinia noctua NA NA NA NA NA Tropidophorus hainanus Anomalopus gowi Dibamus smithi Bachia bicolor Bachia scolecoides Scelotes poensis Algyroides moreoticus Mesalina martini Mesalina pasteuri Mesalina simoni Ophisops minor Pedioplanis rubens Pseuderemias savagei Pseuderemias septemstriata Homonota williamsii Afrogecko porphyreus Cnemaspis beddomei Cnemaspis tucdupensis Cyrtopodion aravallensis Cyrtopodion kirmanense Cyrtopodion persepolense Geckolepis polylepis Gehyra fehlmanni Gehyra montium Hemidactylus isolepis Hemidactylus lamaensis Hemiphyllodactylus banaensis Lepidodactylus lugubris Proctoporus unsaacae Anolis altae Anolis altitudinalis Anolis damulus Anolis dolichocephalus Anolis forresti Anolis fuscoauratus Anolis gruuo Anolis isolepis Anolis lemniscatus Anolis loysiana Anolis medemi Anolis notopholis Anolis sericeus Anolis singularis Anolis solitarius Eutropis cumingi Riama inanis Cryptagama aurita Eurydactylodes occidentalis Mediodactylus brachykolon Isopachys roulei Carlia diguliensis Ctenotus decaneurus Marmorosphax taom Hemidactylus kushmorensis Hemiergis decresiensis Hemiergis peronii Rhampholeon viridis Hemidactylus parvimaculatus Lepidodactylus listeri Anolis gaigei Anolis leditzigorum Aristelliger barbouri Gonatodes ocellatus Gonatodes purpurogularis Parvoscincus tikbalangi Cercosaura eigenmanni Cercosaura phelpsorum Heterodactylus septentrionalis Pholidobolus anomalus Ptychoglossus myersi Riama vieta Tretioscincus oriximinensis Lipinia rabori Pedioplanis haackei Lucasium maini Lucasium wombeyi Ablepharus pannonicus Caledoniscincus atropunctatus Caledoniscincus haplorhinus Calyptotis lepidorostrum Calyptotis ruficauda Cophoscincopus durus Cryptoblepharus litoralis Cryptoblepharus nigropunctatus Ctenotus allotropis Ctenotus maryani Ctenotus vertebralis Glaphyromorphus crassicaudus Glaphyromorphus pumilus Lampropholis delicata Lampropholis robertsi Lankascincus fallax Lankascincus gansi Leptosiaphos blochmanni Lioscincus vivae Lobulia brongersmai Panaspis togoensis Scincella assatus Sphenomorphus oligolepis Sphenomorphus sanctus Sphenomorphus striolatus Trachylepis boettgeri Trachylepis dumasi Trachylepis vato Afroedura haackei Cyrtodactylus yakhuna Cyrtopodion potoharense Luperosaurus palawanensis Mediodactylus heterocercus Rhampholeon bruessoworum Ctenotus arnhemensis Emoia mokosariniveikau Bachia dorbignyi Bachia flavescens Chalcides mauritanicus Sepsina copei Anolis angusticeps Anolis confusus Anolis euskalerriari Anolis haguei Anolis megapholidotus Anolis olssoni Anolis ordinatus Hemiphyllodactylus larutensis Anolis brevirostris Nucras holubi Cyrtodactylus tibetanus Tarentola raziana Phrynocephalus luteoguttatus Phrynocephalus ornatus Marmorosphax kaala Vhembelacerta rupicola Lepidophyma lipetzi Dibamus kondaoensis Pachydactylus werneri Pseudogekko ditoy Gymnodactylus guttulatus Hemidactylus tropidolepis Brachymeles muntingkamay Asymblepharus sikimmensis Acratosaura spinosa Cercosaura dicra Ptychoglossus nicefori Diplodactylus galeatus Eutropis innotata Parvoscincus manananggalae Placosoma glabellum Afroedura pienaari Cyrtodactylus gubernatoris Cyrtopodion kachhense Cyrtopodion rohtasfortai Pachydactylus oculatus Pachydactylus tigrinus Phelsuma nigra Phelsuma pasteuri Ctenotus kurnbudj Emoia callisticta Eutropis floweri Lampropholis colossus Leptosiaphos luberoensis Lipinia relicta Lipinia subvittata Morethia obscura Pinoyscincus mindanensis Scincella boettgeri Scincella inconspicua Sphenomorphus buenloicus Sphenomorphus temmincki Diploglossus owenii Acanthodactylus aegyptius Acanthodactylus hardyi Acanthodactylus masirae Ichnotropis microlepidota Mesalina bahaeldini yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Dibamidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Dibamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae 54.0 108.0 108.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 48.1 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 54.2 51.5 46.0 53.4 51.2 109.0 54.4 54.5 54.5 51.4 79.0 79.0 47.0 51.5 51.5 52.5 52.5 50.0 50.0 50.0 54.7 52.0 55.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 54.8 50.8 54.0 54.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 47.5 55.1 55.1 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 52.2 53.1 51.2 52.3 49.3 47.0 47.0 55.5 51.5 55.0 112.4 52.6 52.6 49.6 52.7 81.3 55.8 53.0 53.0 53.0 55.0 55.9 55.9 53.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 64.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.482 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -5.178 -4.686 -4.804 -4.242 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -4.543 -4.804 -4.804 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.574 -4.543 -4.242 -4.482 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.543 -4.796 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -4.242 -4.207 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.804 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.765 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 3.229 2.300 2.300 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.945 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 3.302 3.105 3.057 2.761 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.229 2.951 3.057 3.057 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.942 2.951 2.761 2.945 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.951 3.048 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.945 2.761 2.472 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.057 3.229 3.229 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.480 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 yes no no yes yes no yes no no yes no yes no no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no yes Tropidophorus hainanus NA NA Bachia bicolor Bachia scolecoides NA Algyroides moreoticus NA NA Mesalina simoni NA Pedioplanis rubens NA NA NA Afrogecko porphyreus NA NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra fehlmanni Gehyra montium NA NA NA Lepidodactylus lugubris Proctoporus unsaacae Anolis altae NA NA Anolis dolichocephalus NA Anolis fuscoauratus NA Anolis isolepis NA Anolis loysiana NA NA Anolis sericeus Anolis singularis NA Eutropis cumingi NA NA Eurydactylodes occidentalis NA NA NA NA NA NA Hemiergis decresiensis Hemiergis peronii Rhampholeon viridis NA NA NA NA NA Gonatodes ocellatus Gonatodes purpurogularis NA Cercosaura eigenmanni NA NA NA NA NA Tretioscincus oriximinensis NA NA Lucasium maini Lucasium wombeyi Ablepharus pannonicus Caledoniscincus atropunctatus Caledoniscincus haplorhinus Calyptotis lepidorostrum Calyptotis ruficauda NA NA Cryptoblepharus nigropunctatus NA Ctenotus maryani NA NA Glaphyromorphus pumilus Lampropholis delicata Lampropholis robertsi Lankascincus fallax NA NA Lioscincus vivae NA Panaspis togoensis Sphenomorphus assatus NA NA NA Trachylepis boettgeri Trachylepis dumasi Trachylepis vato NA NA NA NA Cyrtopodion heterocercum NA NA NA Bachia dorbignyi Bachia flavescens Chalcides mauritanicus NA Anolis angusticeps Anolis confusus Anolis euskalerriari NA NA Anolis olssoni NA NA Anolis brevirostris NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lepidophyma lipetzi NA NA NA NA NA NA Asymblepharus sikimmensis NA NA NA Diplodactylus galeatus NA NA Placosoma glabellum NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus oculatus Pachydactylus tigrinus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus mindanensis NA NA Sphenomorphus buenloicus NA NA NA NA Acanthodactylus masirae NA Mesalina bahaeldini Mesalina olivieri Pedioplanis benguellensis Pedioplanis gaerdesi Pseuderemias erythrosticta Pseuderemias mucronata Tropidosaura essexi Homonota uruguayensis Phyllodactylus apricus Phyllodactylus johnwrighti Anolis intermedius Anolis macrophallus Anolis microlepidotus Anolis pachypus Anolis wermuthi Cnemaspis narathiwatensis Hemidactylus aquilonius Mediodactylus russowii Brachymeles miriamae Typhlosaurus lomiae Lerista rochfordensis Ophiomorus persicus Anolis alocomyos Kaestlea palnica Hemidactylus granosus Sitana fusca Gonatodes timidus Bachia cacerensis Lepidodactylus gardineri Pachydactylus kobosensis Pachydactylus serval Rhampholeon nebulauctor Delma haroldi Asymblepharus tragbulense Emoia mivarti Lepidophyma dontomasi Hemidactylus festivus Barkudia insularis Scolecoseps boulengeri Palleon nasus Anolis triumphalis Scelotes bidigittatus Cnemaspis rammalensis Gonatodes taniae Tenuidactylus dadunensis Emoia digul Diplodactylus nebulosus Diplodactylus polyophthalmus Strophurus robinsoni Cnemaspis neangthyi Colopus kochii Cyrtodactylus nebulosus Cyrtopodion indusoani Cyrtopodion watsoni Gehyra nana Gehyra versicolor Hemidactylus aporus Hemidactylus ruspolii Hemiphyllodactylus yunnanensis Phelsuma breviceps Pseudogekko brevipes Arthrosaura kockii Ptychoglossus romaleos Ptychoglossus vallensis Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus Caledoniscincus constellatus Caledoniscincus notialis Ctenotus brooksi Ctenotus schomburgkii Ctenotus serventyi Eutropis nagarjuni Eutropis tammanna Lygosoma pruthi Madascincus melanopleura Morethia boulengeri Morethia butleri Morethia lineoocellata Panaspis burgeoni Parvoscincus kitangladensis Saproscincus challengeri Scelotes capensis Sphenomorphus haasi Trachylepis variegata Tytthoscincus hallieri Algyroides marchi Eremias cholistanica Heliobolus neumanni Holaspis guentheri Pedioplanis inornata Pseuderemias brenneri Anolis antonii Anolis barbouri Anolis carlostoddi Anolis compressicauda Anolis gracilipes Anolis krugi Anolis matudai Anolis nigrolineatus Anolis pseudokemptoni Anolis quadriocellifer Anolis rhombifer Anolis santamartae Hemidactylus jumailiae Pachydactylus atorquatus Phyllodactylus pumilus Phyllodactylus santacruzensis Emoia cyclops Parvoscincus laterimaculatus Anolis morazani Anolis naufragus Lygosoma lineata Brachymeles tridactylus Typhlacontias johnsonii Phyllodactylus rutteni Lepidodactylus guppyi Calumma vohibola Lucasium byrnei Gonatodes concinnatus Bunopus crassicauda Chalarodon steinkampi Xantusia bolsonae Bachia pyburni Calumma nasutum Calumma peyrierasi Rhampholeon temporalis Rhampholeon uluguruensis Rieppeleon brachyurus Carlia aenigma Lipinia venemai Parvoscincus igorotorum Pristurus insignoides Anolis nebuloides Leiocephalus semilineatus Hemidactylus awashensis Mediodactylus narynensis Paracontias brocchii Bachia micromela Bachia panoplia Lerista varia Scelotes limpopoensis Delma hebesa Afroedura rondavelica Afroedura tirasensis Altiphylax stoliczkai Cnemaspis spinicollis Cyrtodactylus collegalensis Cyrtodactylus malcolmsmithi Cyrtopodion lawderanum Gehyra catenata Gehyra multiporosa Hemidactylus kundaensis Heteronotia binoei Lepidodactylus herrei Lepidodactylus pulcher Lygodactylus rex Paroedura karstophila Phelsuma seippi Rhoptropus afer Rhoptropus biporosus Stenodactylus grandiceps Diplodactylus furcosus Lucasium alboguttatum Lucasium squarrosum Rhynchoedura ornata Anolis nebulosus Adercosaurus vixadnexus Alopoglossus atriventris Cercosaura schreibersii Colobosaura modesta Leposoma southi Ptychoglossus bilineatus Anolis anisolepis Anolis dissimilis Anolis mariarum Anolis menta yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Sphaerodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Scincidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Opluridae Xantusiidae Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Leiocephalidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 53.2 53.2 53.2 114.0 114.0 82.0 82.0 54.1 56.2 53.3 47.7 51.6 82.3 53.4 53.5 53.5 48.9 75.0 56.5 56.5 56.0 53.6 115.0 115.0 49.0 54.5 83.0 53.8 52.0 53.9 56.8 56.0 56.0 56.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 71.0 54.0 54.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 54.2 54.2 51.0 51.0 57.1 57.1 59.0 55.1 57.2 84.0 117.0 51.1 54.4 49.8 56.5 52.6 54.5 59.6 57.0 84.5 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 57.5 57.5 57.5 52.8 55.5 53.0 54.8 54.8 118.2 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 79.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 59.3 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Opluridae Xantusiidae leg reduced lizards Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Pygopodidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -5.125 -4.242 -4.686 -4.559 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -2.039 -5.125 -5.125 -4.796 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -3.997 -4.574 -4.207 -4.242 -4.559 -4.242 -5.125 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.482 -4.242 -3.997 -4.804 -4.559 -4.242 -6.439 -4.796 -4.207 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.559 -4.574 -5.033 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -2.039 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.574 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.300 2.300 2.472 2.472 2.942 3.229 2.761 3.105 2.970 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 1.371 3.229 3.229 3.048 2.761 2.300 2.300 2.680 2.942 2.472 2.761 2.970 2.761 3.229 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.945 2.945 3.229 3.229 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.472 2.300 2.945 2.761 2.680 3.057 2.970 2.761 3.940 3.048 2.472 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.970 2.942 3.243 2.761 2.761 2.300 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 1.371 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.942 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 yes no yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no Mesalina olivieri NA Pedioplanis gaerdesi NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis intermedius NA NA Anolis pachypus NA NA NA Cyrtopodion russowii Davewakeum miriamae Typhlosaurus lomiae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Pachydactylus serval NA NA NA NA Lepidophyma dontomasi NA NA NA Brookesia nasus NA NA NA Gonatodes taniae NA NA NA Diplodactylus polyophthalmus NA NA Colopus kochii NA NA NA Gehyra nana NA NA NA Hemiphyllodactylus yunnanensis Phelsuma breviceps NA Arthrosaura kockii NA NA Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus NA NA Ctenotus brooksi Ctenotus schomburgkii Ctenotus serventyi Eutropis nagarjuni NA NA Madascincus melanopleura NA Morethia butleri NA NA Sphenomorphus kitangladensis Saproscincus challengeri NA NA Trachylepis variegata Sphenomorphus hallieri Algyroides marchi NA NA Holaspis guentheri Pedioplanis inornata NA NA Anolis barbouri NA NA NA Anolis krugi NA NA NA Anolis quadriocellifer NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus laterimaculatus NA NA NA Brachymeles tridactylus NA NA NA NA Lucasium byrnei Gonatodes concinnatus Bunopus crassicauda NA Xantusia bolsonae NA Calumma nasutum NA Rhampholeon temporalis Rhampholeon uluguruensis Rieppeleon brachyurus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Paracontias brocchii NA Bachia panoplia Lerista varia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra catenata NA NA Heteronotia binoei NA NA NA Paroedura karstophila Phelsuma seippi Rhoptropus afer Rhoptropus biporosus NA NA Lucasium alboguttatum Lucasium squarrosum Rhynchoedura ornata NA NA Alopoglossus atriventris Cercosaura schreibersii Colobosaura modesta Leposoma southi NA NA NA NA NA Anolis monticola Anolis opalinus Ablepharus kitaibelii Carlia aramia Cryptoblepharus boutonii Ctenotus burbidgei Ctenotus catenifer Glaphyromorphus cracens Hemiergis millewae Kaestlea beddomii Lacertaspis lepesmei Lankascincus deignani Lankascincus taprobanensis Lobulia glacialis Morethia adelaidensis Sphenomorphus simus Trachylepis nganghae Trachylepis tandrefana Cyrtodactylus annandalei Lucasium damaeum Phyllodactylus angelensis Phyllodactylus baurii Phyllodactylus tinklei Scincella silvicola Takydromus luyeanus Liolaemus diaguita Lerista connivens Lerista puncticauda Nessia didactyla Scolecoseps acontias Lankascincus sripadensis Carlia nigrauris Tetradactylus africanus Gymnodactylus vanzolinii Melanoseps occidentalis Rhampholeon spinosus Anolis bitectus Caledoniscincus pelletieri Ctenotus halysis Lankascincus greeri Pseudogekko chavacano Afroedura broadleyi Afroedura namaquensis Cnemaspis ornata Hemidactylus imbricatus Hemidactylus pseudomuriceus Heteronotia spelea Mediodactylus kotschyi Pachydactylus fasciatus Phelsuma comorensis Phelsuma ornata Cordylosaurus subtessellatus Rhampholeon moyeri Pholidobolus hillisi Diplodactylus calcicolus Diplodactylus klugei Diplodactylus ornatus Diplodactylus tessellatus Lucasium bungabinna Lerista axillaris Lerista gerrardii Sirenoscincus yamagishii Proctoporus sucullucu Ablepharus deserti Liolaemus abdalai Anolis muralla Phrynocephalus ananjevae Phrynocephalus rossikowi Phrynocephalus strauchi Sitana bahiri Tympanocryptis uniformis Takydromus toyamai Anolis auratus Anolis cupreus Anolis desechensis Anolis luteosignifer Anolis milleri Anolis ortonii Anolis osa Anolis pinchoti Anolis rupinae Lepidodactylus mutahi Stenodactylus stenurus Diplodactylus custos Acanthodactylus taghitensis Atlantolacerta andreanskyi Meroles anchietae Meroles reticulatus Anepischetosia maccoyi Calyptotis scutirostrum Emoia bogerti Emoia taumakoensis Fojia bumui Glaphyromorphus darwiniensis Harrisoniascincus zia Leptosiaphos dewittei Lygosoma anguinum Lygosoma vosmaeri Plestiodon parvulus Scincella doriae Scincella lateralis Scincella monticola Sphenomorphus forbesi Sphenomorphus fuscolineatus Sphenomorphus kinabaluensis Euspondylus acutirostris Pholidobolus macbrydei Eremias lineolata Crossobamon orientalis Emoia sorex Eremiascincus musivus Hemidactylus mindiae Nactus kunan Marinussaurus curupira Lerista neander Scelotes uluguruensis Ameiva wetmorei Carlia ailanpalai Dibamus dezwaani Brookesia brygooi Brookesia ebenaui Rhampholeon chapmanorum Cnemaspis niyomwanae Tenuidactylus elongatus Jarujinia bipedalis Acanthodactylus yemenicus Adolfus masavaensis Mochlus grandisonianum Sphenomorphus celebense Afroedura tembulica Cnemaspis occidentalis Cyrtopodion sistanense Dixonius siamensis Gehyra angusticaudata Hemidactylus karenorum Hemidactylus sinaitus Hemidactylus smithi Heteronotia fasciolatus Lepidodactylus oortii Nactus cheverti Pachydactylus katanganus Pachydactylus oreophilus Phelsuma dorsivittata Bachia didactyla Lucasium steindachneri Aristelliger expectatus Gonatodes annularis Gonatodes tapajonicus Asymblepharus eremchenkoi Draco bimaculatus Anolis caquetae Anolis deltae Anolis meridionalis Anolis pogus Anolis ruizii Anolis tigrinus Anolis wattsi Melanoseps rondoensis Acanthodactylus spinicauda Pedioplanis namaquensis Psammodromus hispanicus Japalura grahami Phrynocephalus ahvazicus Ctenotus brevipes Ctenotus gemmula Ctenotus hebetior Ctenotus ora Ctenotus piankai Ctenotus zastictus Emoia isolata Eumeces indothalensis Eutropis beddomii Eutropis bontocensis Hakaria simonyi yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Chamaeleonidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Scincidae Dibamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Scincidae Agamidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae 56.0 56.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 55.3 57.3 52.0 52.0 52.0 58.2 54.2 49.7 86.0 86.0 86.0 120.0 58.3 58.3 86.3 52.3 120.5 51.0 56.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 55.9 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 55.0 51.3 55.7 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 55.7 58.8 50.2 57.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 54.9 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 60.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 56.3 56.3 58.2 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 56.0 56.0 55.1 56.5 59.2 59.2 56.6 56.6 56.2 88.0 88.0 52.4 66.0 123.1 52.0 52.0 52.0 56.8 56.8 88.2 55.5 55.5 59.5 59.5 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 88.6 59.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 59.8 73.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 125.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 51.0 51.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Chamaeleonidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Teiidae Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Draco** Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.804 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -5.125 -4.543 -4.678 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.482 -4.207 -3.997 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.783 -3.997 -5.178 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.178 -5.125 -4.678 -4.574 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.543 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -4.543 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -4.207 -4.207 -4.747 -5.125 -4.207 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.804 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -5.125 -4.310 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 2.942 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.057 2.945 2.945 2.945 3.229 2.951 3.097 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.300 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.945 2.300 2.680 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.085 2.680 3.302 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.302 3.229 3.097 2.942 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.951 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 3.057 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.302 2.951 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.302 2.472 2.472 3.110 3.229 2.300 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 3.057 2.970 2.970 2.970 3.229 2.642 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.300 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no yes no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes no yes Anolis monticola Anolis opalinus Ablepharus kitaibelii NA Cryptoblepharus boutonii NA NA Glaphyromorphus cracens Hemiergis millewae NA Lacertaspis lepesmei NA NA NA Morethia adelaidensis Sphenomorphus simus NA NA NA Lucasium damaeum NA NA NA NA NA NA Lerista connivens Lerista puncticauda NA NA NA NA Tetradactylus africanus NA Melanoseps occidentalis Rhampholeon spinosus Anolis bitectus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Teratolepis fasciata NA Heteronotia spelea Cyrtopodion kotschyi Pachydactylus fasciatus Phelsuma comorensis Phelsuma ornata Cordylosaurus subtessellatus Rhampholeon moyeri NA NA Diplodactylus klugei Diplodactylus ornatus Diplodactylus tessellatus NA Lerista axillaris Lerista gerrardii NA Proctoporus sucullucu NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tympanocryptis uniformis Takydromus toyamai Anolis auratus Anolis cupreus Anolis desechensis NA NA Anolis ortonii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Atlantolacerta andreanskyi Meroles anchietae Meroles reticulatus NA Calyptotis scutirostrum NA NA NA Glaphyromorphus darwiniensis Cautula zia NA NA NA Plestiodon parvulus NA Scincella lateralis NA NA NA NA NA Pholidobolus macbrydei NA Crossobamon orientalis NA NA Hemidactylus mindiae NA NA Lerista neander NA Ameiva wetmorei NA NA Brookesia brygooi Brookesia ebenaui Rhampholeon chapmanorum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cyrtopodion sistanensis Dixonius siamensis NA Hemidactylus karenorum NA NA NA NA Nactus cheverti NA Pachydactylus oreophilus NA NA Lucasium steindachneri NA Gonatodes annularis NA NA Draco bimaculatus NA NA Anolis meridionalis Anolis pogus NA Anolis tigrinus Anolis wattsi NA NA Pedioplanis namaquensis Psammodromus hispanicus NA NA NA NA Ctenotus hebetior NA Ctenotus piankai NA Emoia isolata NA Eutropis beddomii NA Hakaria simonyi Lankascincus deraniyagalae Leptosiaphos dungeri Lerista microtis Liburnascincus mundivensis Papuascincus stanleyanus Parvoscincus leucospilos Plestiodon lagunensis Pseudemoia cryodroma Saproscincus spectabilis Scincella reevesii Sigaloseps ruficauda Sphenomorphus diwata Sphenomorphus sabanus Sphenomorphus tenuiculus Trachylepis acutilabris Trachylepis bensonii Trachylepis punctulata Dryadosaura nordestina Macropholidus huancabambae Ptychoglossus danieli Ptychoglossus festae Ptychoglossus kugleri Phyllodactylus martini Darevskia schaekeli Diplodactylus vittatus Diplodactylus wiru Sphenomorphus cyanolaemus Asaccus zagrosicus Anolis distichus Acontias litoralis Lepidophyma lowei Xantusia arizonae Lerista colliveri Lerista eupoda Scelotes inornatus Brookesia decaryi Brookesia therezieni Brookesia valerieae Anolis dunni Homonota underwoodi Gonatodes nascimentoi Delma australis Delma tealei Afroedura granitica Afroedura pondolia Hemidactylus albivertebralis Hemidactylus muriceus Hemidactylus vietnamensis Matoatoa spannringi Nactus eboracensis Pachydactylus maculatus Pachydactylus mariquensis Pachydactylus oshaughnessyi Paroedura hordiesi Phelsuma berghofi Phelsuma inexpectata Rhoptropus diporus Urocotyledon palmata Cnemaspis bidongensis Riama aurea Rhampholeon tilburyi Draco modiglianii Eurydactylodes agricolae Strophurus wilsoni Scincella devorator Lepidoblepharis grandis Anolis magnaphallus Darevskia kopetdaghica Emoia kordoana Cnemaspis aurantiacopes Anolis calimae Anolis crassulus Anolis sminthus Anolis tropidolepis Anolis utilensis Lerista baynesi Scelotes bipes Sepsina angolensis Gymnodactylus amarali Gymnodactylus geckoides Dibamus dalaiensis Liolaemus pachacutec Altiphylax baturensis Luperosaurus brooksii Eurydactylodes symmetricus Eurydactylodes vieillardi Darevskia sapphirina Eremias kokshaaliensis Mesalina kuri Ophisops leschenaultii Ablepharus bivittatus Carlia rhomboidalis Carlia rubrigularis Cophoscincopus simulans Lioscincus greeri Lioscincus maruia Lygosoma popae Scincella forbesora Sphenomorphus tropidonotus Trachylepis lavarambo Aprasia clairae Delma desmosa Pletholax gracilis Ctenophorus chapmani Ctenophorus parviceps Haemodracon trachyrhinus Homonota darwinii Phyllodactylus leoni Phyllodactylus lepidopygus Anolis polylepis Potamites juruazensis Proctoporus pachyurus Proctoporus xestus Tretioscincus bifasciatus Gekko similignum Luperosaurus macgregori Brookesia superciliaris Gekko wenxianensis Lerista allanae Lerista picturata Saiphos equalis Sepsina tetradactyla Afroedura loveridgei Cyrtopodion golubevi Cyrtopodion kohsulaimanai Gehyra lacerata Gehyra lazelli Hemidactylus endophis Hemidactylus mercatorius Pachydactylus vansoni Pedioplanis huntleyi Diplodactylus bilybara Hemidactylus saba Emoia pallidiceps Pantepuisaurus rodriguesi Delma tincta Oedodera marmorata Liolaemus pseudolemniscatus Phyllodactylus gilberti Dibamus montanus Anolis aliniger Anolis breslini Anolis chloris Anolis kemptoni Anolis laevis Anolis mestrei Anolis monensis Anolis pijolense Anolis purpurgularis Anolis schiedii Anolis shrevei Anolis tolimensis Anolis villai Oligosoma repens Lerista desertorum Asaccus kermanshahensis Cyrtodactylus ranongensis Hemidactylus stejnegeri Draco biaro Apathya yassujica Darevskia daghestanica Darevskia defilippii Ichnotropis chapini Latastia boscai Meroles cuneirostris Mesalina balfouri Philochortus spinalis Psammodromus microdactylus Takydromus sylvaticus Ctenotus leae Emoia ahli Lacertaspis rohdei Oligosoma hardyi Panaspis helleri yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Dibamidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Agamidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Dibamidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 54.0 56.2 59.5 59.5 60.2 54.1 58.4 125.9 60.0 60.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 58.5 54.2 55.7 93.0 88.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.1 57.4 53.3 74.2 60.0 60.0 60.7 56.0 58.9 56.8 60.8 58.4 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 54.7 54.7 127.6 52.0 58.5 58.5 60.3 60.3 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 52.0 52.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 59.4 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.9 58.9 54.0 59.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 57.4 60.8 59.1 61.5 58.3 92.0 61.0 52.7 55.5 130.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 61.8 93.0 55.7 59.6 59.6 76.1 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Xantusiidae Xantusiidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Draco** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.482 -4.543 -4.804 -4.804 -5.125 -4.482 -4.574 -4.207 -4.796 -4.796 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.574 -4.482 -4.559 -2.039 -2.039 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -3.997 -4.310 -4.804 -4.804 -5.125 -4.559 -4.574 -4.543 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.482 -4.482 -4.207 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.804 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -2.039 -2.039 -2.039 -4.686 -4.686 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.574 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.543 -4.804 -4.242 -5.125 -5.178 -2.039 -4.804 -4.678 -4.482 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.207 -4.482 -4.242 -4.242 -4.310 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.945 2.951 3.057 3.057 3.229 2.945 2.942 2.300 3.048 3.048 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.942 2.945 2.970 1.371 1.371 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 2.680 2.642 3.057 3.057 3.229 2.970 2.942 2.951 3.229 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.945 2.945 2.300 3.097 2.761 2.761 3.057 3.057 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 1.371 1.371 1.371 3.105 3.105 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.942 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.951 3.057 2.761 3.229 3.302 1.371 3.057 3.097 2.945 2.300 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.472 2.945 2.761 2.761 2.642 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no NA NA Lerista microtis Carlia mundivensis Papuascincus stanleyanus Sphenomorphus leucospilos Plestiodon lagunensis NA Saproscincus spectabilis Scincella reevesii Sigaloseps ruficauda Sphenomorphus diwata Sphenomorphus sabanus NA Trachylepis acutilabris NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Diplodactylus vittatus NA Sphenomorphus cyanolaemus NA Anolis distichus Microacontias litoralis Lepidophyma lowei Xantusia arizonae NA Lerista eupoda NA Brookesia decaryi Brookesia therezieni Brookesia valerieae NA Homonota underwoodi NA Delma australis NA NA Afroedura pondolia NA NA NA NA Nactus eboracensis Pachydactylus maculatus Pachydactylus mariquensis Pachydactylus oshaughnessyi NA Phelsuma berghofi Phelsuma inexpectata NA NA NA NA NA NA Eurydactylodes agricolae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis calimae Anolis crassulus Anolis sminthus NA Anolis utilensis Lerista baynesi Scelotes bipes Sepsina angolensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Eurydactylodes symmetricus Eurydactylodes vieillardi Darevskia sapphirina NA NA NA NA Carlia rhomboidalis Carlia rubrigularis NA NA Lioscincus maruia NA NA NA NA NA NA Pletholax gracilis NA NA NA Homonota darwinii NA NA Anolis polylepis Potamites juruazensis Proctoporus pachyurus NA NA NA Luperosaurus macgregori Brookesia superciliaris NA NA Lerista picturata Saiphos equalis NA NA NA NA Gehyra lacerata NA NA Hemidactylus mercatorius Pachydactylus vansoni NA NA NA NA NA Delma tincta Oedodera marmorata Liolaemus pseudolemniscatus NA Dibamus montanus Anolis aliniger NA Anolis chloris Anolis kemptoni NA Anolis mestrei Anolis monensis NA Anolis purpurgularis NA Anolis shrevei NA NA NA Lerista desertorum NA NA NA Draco biaro NA Darevskia daghestanica NA NA NA Meroles cuneirostris Mesalina balfouri Philochortus spinalis NA Takydromus sylvaticus Ctenotus leae NA Lacertaspis rohdei Cyclodina hardyi NA Pseudemoia rawlinsoni Trachylepis tavaratra Brachymeles apus Cyrtodactylus zhaoermii Anolis poei Scincella huanrenensis Phyllodactylus gerrhopygus Phyllodactylus sentosus Amalosia jacovae Brookesia ambreensis Calumma guibei Congolacerta asukului Afroedura amatolica Cnemaspis peninsularis Gehyra fenestra Hemidactylus laticaudatus Hemidactylus reticulatus Hemidactylus robustus Hemiphyllodactylus typus Pachydactylus barnardi Pachydactylus formosus Pachydactylus tsodiloensis Phelsuma astriata Phelsuma cepediana Stenodactylus affinis Stenodactylus sthenodactylus Stenodactylus yemenensis Ctenophorus adelaidensis Japalura planidorsata Acratosaura mentalis Carlia mysi Anolis beckeri Paragehyra austini Anniella stebbinsi Brachymeles bonitae Chalcides delislei Cyrtodactylus jeyporensis Riama yumborum Liolaemus fuscus Amalosia obscura Bavayia sauvagii Diplodactylus pulcher Cyrtodactylus phuocbinhensis Ptenopus carpi Eutropis gansi Arthrosaura hoogmoedi Proctoporus kiziriani Asaccus barani Hemidactylus inintellectus Typhlacontias brevipes Anolis delafuentei Anolis festae Anolis stratulus Anolis trachyderma Delma butleri Draco iskandari Acontias richardi Lerista edwardsae Proscelotes arnoldi Anolis toldo Euspondylus auyanensis Delma elegans Ctenotus delli Ctenotus strauchii Eutropis clivicola Kaestlea travancorica Leptosiaphos ianthinoxantha Panopa carvalhoi Trachylepis laevis Cnemaspis mumpuniae Phelsuma malamakibo Lucasium stenodactylum Tympanocryptis wilsoni Cnemaspis africana Cnemaspis anaikattiensis Cnemaspis kandiana Colopus wahlbergii Cyrtodactylus saiyok Hemidactylus turcicus Paroedura ibityensis Phelsuma quadriocellata Phelsuma ravenala Rhampholeon hattinghi Asaccus saffinae Phyllodactylus angustidigitus Phyllodactylus julieni Phyllodactylus transversalis Dibamus nicobaricum Aprasia litorea Delma borea Delma pax Emoia schmidti Anolis ahli Dibamus alfredi Dibamus tiomanensis Sceloporus maculosus Lygosoma quadrupes Ophiomorus blanfordi Caparaonia itaiquara Euspondylus nellycarrillae Heterodactylus lundii Macropholidus annectens Ptychoglossus stenolepis Riama labionis Eremias montana Takydromus viridipunctatus Anolis lynchi Liolaemus azarai Emoia obscura Emoia tetrataenia Carlia sexdentata Strophurus rankini Hemidactylus eniangii Carlia quinquecarinata Emoia irianensis Oligosoma roimata Anolis jubar Anolis macrolepis Paroedura stellata Dibamus leucurus Spondylurus lineolatus Cyrtodactylus mandalayensis Hemidactylus tenkatei Gonatodes rozei Delma impar Mediodactylus walli Acanthodactylus guineensis Acanthodactylus senegalensis Darevskia rostombekowi Darevskia uzzelli Eremias pleskei Heliobolus spekii Mesalina brevirostris Mesalina watsonana Omanosaura cyanura Parvilacerta fraasii Philochortus phillipsi Podarcis vaucheri Takydromus haughtonianus Takydromus sikkimensis Teira perspicillata Tarentola crombiei Afroedura rupestris Bunopus blanfordii Bunopus tuberculatus Cnemaspis sisparensis Cyrtodactylus triedrus Cyrtopodion dattanense Hemidactylus ansorgii Hemidactylus granchii Rhinogecko femoralis Afroablepharus wahlbergi Carlia pectoralis Carlia tetradactyla Ctenotus ariadnae Emoia submetallica Lioscincus tillieri Lobulia stellaris Mochlus vinciguerrae Plestiodon ochoterenae Saproscincus mustelinus Sphenomorphus darlingtoni Sphenomorphus dussumieri Sphenomorphus tanahtinggi Sphenomorphus vanheurni Trachylepis mekuana Tribolonotus brongersmai Tropidophorus guangxiensis Brookesia stumpffi Rhampholeon acuminatus Hemiphyllodactylus titiwangsaensis Asaccus tangestanensis Gymnodactylus darwinii Phyllodactylus microphyllus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Diplodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Anniellidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Dibamidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dibamidae Dibamidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Dibamidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae 62.0 62.0 131.0 59.8 60.3 62.1 56.0 56.0 61.6 55.0 55.0 58.3 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 53.0 53.0 59.0 62.3 68.0 60.1 132.0 94.0 94.0 60.2 59.1 53.5 62.0 62.0 62.0 60.4 60.4 62.6 59.3 59.3 56.5 60.5 133.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 96.0 77.5 133.5 95.0 95.0 61.2 59.6 97.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 60.9 60.9 62.5 53.7 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 56.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 76.6 134.7 98.0 98.0 98.0 63.3 61.7 135.0 135.0 50.0 96.0 96.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 59.5 59.5 61.8 54.3 63.5 63.5 63.5 63.0 61.5 63.6 63.6 63.6 62.0 62.0 61.6 136.0 63.7 61.7 61.7 59.1 100.0 61.8 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 57.8 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.3 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 57.0 57.0 62.1 58.0 59.1 58.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Draco** Limbless lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Phrynosomatidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -4.482 -4.482 -4.804 -3.997 -3.997 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -5.178 -5.125 -4.574 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -5.178 -4.678 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -4.482 -4.242 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -2.039 -4.310 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -5.178 -2.039 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.207 -2.039 -2.039 -2.039 -5.125 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -3.855 -4.207 -4.207 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.543 -4.543 -4.574 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.804 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -2.039 -4.242 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.482 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 3.229 3.229 2.300 2.761 2.942 3.229 2.945 2.945 3.057 2.680 2.680 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.302 3.229 2.942 2.761 2.300 2.472 2.472 2.761 3.302 3.097 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.302 3.302 2.945 2.761 2.300 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 1.371 2.642 2.300 2.472 2.472 2.942 3.302 1.371 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 3.057 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.300 1.371 1.371 1.371 3.229 2.942 2.300 2.300 2.677 2.472 2.472 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.951 2.951 2.942 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.057 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.300 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.970 1.371 2.761 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.945 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.945 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes yes no no yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no no yes no no no yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no NA NA Brachymeles apus NA NA NA NA NA NA Brookesia ambreensis Calumma guibei NA NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus reticulatus Hemidactylus robustus Hemiphyllodactylus typus Pachydactylus barnardi Pachydactylus formosus Pachydactylus tsodiloensis Phelsuma astriata Phelsuma cepediana NA Stenodactylus sthenodactylus Stenodactylus yemenensis Ctenophorus adelaidensis NA Colobosaura mentalis Carlia mysi NA NA NA Brachymeles bonitae NA NA NA Liolaemus fuscus Oedura obscura Bavayia sauvagii Diplodactylus pulcher NA Ptenopus carpi NA NA NA NA NA Typhlacontias brevipes NA Anolis festae Anolis stratulus Anolis trachyderma Delma butleri NA NA Lerista edwardsae NA NA NA NA NA Ctenotus strauchii Eutropis clivicola NA NA Mabuya carvalhoi NA NA Phelsuma malamakibo Lucasium stenodactylum NA Cnemaspis africana NA Cnemaspis kandiana Colopus wahlbergii NA Hemidactylus turcicus NA Phelsuma quadriocellata Phelsuma ravenala NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Delma borea Delma pax Emoia schmidti Anolis ahli NA Dibamus tiomanensis Sceloporus maculosus Lygosoma quadrupes NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Eremias montanus NA NA Liolaemus azarai NA NA NA Strophurus rankini NA NA NA NA Anolis jubar NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Delma impar NA NA NA Darevskia rostombekovi Darevskia uzzelli Eremias pleskei Heliobolus spekii Mesalina brevirostris NA Omanosaura cyanura Parvilacerta fraasii NA Podarcis vaucheri NA NA Scelarcis perspicillata NA NA NA Bunopus tuberculatus NA Geckoella triedrus NA NA NA NA Afroablepharus wahlbergi Carlia pectoralis Carlia tetradactyla NA NA Lioscincus tillieri NA NA Plestiodon ochoterenae Saproscincus mustelinus NA NA NA NA NA Tribolonotus brongersmai NA Brookesia stumpffi Rhampholeon acuminatus NA NA NA NA Liolaemus chacoensis Liolaemus exploratorum Emoia pseudopallidiceps Anolis allogus Mochlus tanae Scelotes sexlineatus Sceloporus parvus Heteronotia atra Liolaemus alticolor Euspondylus oreades Rhachisaurus brachylepis Riama kiziriani Phrynocephalus reticulatus Tympanocryptis centralis Draco spilonotus Carlia caesius Ptenopus garrulus Anolis anchicayae Anolis boulengerianus Anolis cuscoensis Anolis nicefori Anolis peraccae Anolis roatanensis Anolis subocularis Anolis tropidogaster Carlia pulla Pristurus collaris Pristurus insignis Pristurus ornithocephalus Eremias yarkandensis Eremias aria Takydromus kuehnei Ophiomorus raithmai Afroedura maripi Cnemaspis kumpoli Cyrtodactylus gansi Geckolepis typica Lepidodactylus labialis Nactus multicarinatus Liolaemus chungara Ctenotus quirinus Nessia sarasinorum Amphiglossus anosyensis Asymblepharus alaicus Caledoniscincus orestes Ctenotus capricorni Ctenotus greeri Ctenotus militaris Ctenotus monticola Emoia cyanura Emoia popei Kaestlea bilineata Leiolopisma alazon Lygosoma chaperi Niveoscincus orocryptus Plestiodon colimensis Plestiodon reynoldsi Prasinohaema virens Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii Pseudemoia spenceri Saproscincus rosei Scincella gemmingeri Scincella melanosticta Sphenomorphus malayanum Sphenomorphus senja Trachylepis albotaeniata Brookesia antakarana Calumma guillaumeti Acontias gariepensis Acontias tristis Feylinia grandisquamis Nessia hickanala Pedioplanis husabensis Ctenotus dux Proctoporus lacertus Draco beccarii Coleonyx brevis Phelsuma andamanense Liolaemus grosseorum Liolaemus puna Liolaemus lemniscatus Lerista macropisthopus Ophiomorus brevipes Ophiomorus chernovi Scelotes guentheri Ameivula jalapensis Aurivela tergolaevigata Emoia rufilabialis Darevskia pontica Diplodactylus conspicillatus Sceloporus cupreus Anolis neblininus Anolis rivalis Anolis sulcifrons Diploglossus microlepis Tretioscincus agilis Anolis smaragdinus Phrynocephalus scutellatus Feylinia elegans Melanoseps loveridgei Ophidiocephalus taeniatus Anadia mcdiarmidi Afroedura africana Afroedura karroica Cnemaspis petrodroma Cyrtodactylus wakeorum Cyrtopodion battalense Cyrtopodion rhodocauda Gehyra mutilata Gehyra purpurascens Hemidactylus brasilianus Phelsuma barbouri Pseudogekko smaragdinus Draco caerulhians Acanthodactylus maculatus Congolacerta vauereselli Eremias papenfussi Parvilacerta parva Pedioplanis undata Takydromus intermedius Takydromus stejnegeri Tropidosaura gularis Alopoglossus buckleyi Calumma boettgeri Afroedura halli Phrynocephalus erythrurus Lepidophyma gaigeae Cophoscincopus greeri Ctenotus impar Emoia caeruleocauda Lamprolepis vyneri Lerista arenicola Lobulia elegans Lygosoma albopunctata Marmorosphax tricolor Plestiodon bilineatus Plestiodon dicei Liolaemus tacnae Acanthodactylus opheodurus Bachia geralista Darevskia parvula Liolaemus pyriphlogos Tenuidactylus voraginosus Homonota fasciata Phyllodactylus bordai Phyllodactylus unctus Tarentola bischoffi Hemidactylus gujaratensis Insulasaurus arborens Luperosaurus angliit Proscelotes eggeli Strophurus michaelseni Anolis argenteolus Anolis birama Anolis marcanoi Anolis tropidonotus Aprasia aurita Aprasia haroldi Liolaemus poconchilensis Ptenopus kochi Draco supriatnai Draco taeniopterus Abronia chiszari Mesaspis viridiflava Ameiva lineolata Ameivula mumbuca Urosaurus gadovi Scincella modesta Oligosoma aeneum Anadia escalerae Arthrosaura guianensis Pholidobolus prefrontalis Ptychoglossus bicolor Riama anatoloros yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Eublepharidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Teiidae Scincidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Diploglossidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Xantusiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Anguidae Anguidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae 55.0 55.0 64.3 62.8 98.0 98.0 51.0 62.5 55.2 61.0 61.0 61.0 55.0 55.0 80.0 64.5 62.6 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 65.0 63.0 63.0 64.6 60.0 60.0 60.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 99.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 55.6 64.9 139.7 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 58.0 58.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 61.2 66.5 61.6 81.0 66.6 63.5 56.0 56.0 56.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 58.0 58.0 65.4 61.6 65.0 52.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 74.0 62.0 64.1 56.0 142.0 142.0 107.0 62.2 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.3 82.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.3 59.0 64.2 56.3 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 56.6 62.2 101.3 62.3 56.8 64.5 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 64.6 66.3 64.7 102.0 66.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 110.0 110.0 57.0 64.8 83.0 83.0 75.0 75.0 59.0 59.0 53.0 66.5 66.6 66.7 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Draco** Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Draco** Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Teiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Pygopodidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Xantusiidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae leg reduced lizards Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Draco** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -3.855 -4.242 -4.678 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -4.310 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.559 -4.559 -4.559 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -5.125 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.543 -5.125 -5.178 -4.310 -5.201 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.747 -4.747 -5.125 -4.543 -4.804 -3.855 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.765 -5.178 -4.574 -4.686 -4.207 -4.207 -2.039 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.310 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.178 -3.997 -4.242 -4.686 -4.796 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -4.543 -4.207 -4.543 -4.678 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -4.207 -4.804 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -2.039 -2.039 -4.678 -4.242 -4.310 -4.310 -5.765 -5.765 -4.747 -4.747 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 3.097 3.097 3.229 2.942 2.472 2.472 2.677 2.761 3.097 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.105 3.105 2.642 3.229 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.970 2.970 2.970 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.229 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.951 3.229 3.302 2.642 3.255 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.472 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.110 3.110 3.229 2.951 3.057 2.677 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.480 3.302 2.942 3.105 2.300 2.300 1.371 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.642 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.302 2.680 2.761 3.105 3.048 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 2.951 2.472 2.951 3.097 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.761 3.229 2.761 2.472 3.057 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 1.371 1.371 3.097 2.761 2.642 2.642 3.480 3.480 3.110 3.110 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 yes no no yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no no no no Liolaemus chacoensis NA NA Anolis allogus NA Scelotes sexlineatus Sceloporus parvus NA NA NA Rhachisaurus brachylepis NA NA NA Draco spilonotus NA NA NA Anolis isthmicus NA Anolis nicefori Anolis peraccae NA NA Anolis tropidogaster NA NA Pristurus insignis NA NA NA Takydromus kuehnei NA NA NA NA Geckolepis typica NA Nactus multicarinatus NA NA NA Amphiglossus anosyensis Asymblepharus alaicus Caledoniscincus orestes NA Ctenotus greeri NA NA Emoia cyanura NA NA NA NA NA NA Plestiodon reynoldsi Prasinohaema virens Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii NA Saproscincus rosei Scincella gemmingeri NA NA NA NA Brookesia antakarana NA Typhlosaurus gariepensis NA Feylinia grandisquamis NA Pedioplanis husabensis NA NA Draco beccarii Coleonyx brevis Phelsuma andamanense Liolaemus grosseorum Liolaemus puna Liolaemus lemniscatus Lerista macropisthopus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Diplodactylus conspicillatus NA Anolis neblininus NA NA NA Tretioscincus agilis Anolis smaragdinus Phrynocephalus scutellatus NA Melanoseps loveridgei Ophidiocephalus taeniatus NA NA Afroedura karroica NA NA NA NA Gehyra mutilata Gehyra purpurascens Hemidactylus brasilianus Phelsuma barbouri Pseudogekko smaragdinus Draco caerulhians Acanthodactylus maculatus Adolfus vauereselli NA Parvilacerta parva Pedioplanis undata Takydromus intermedius Takydromus stejnegeri Tropidosaura gularis NA Calumma boettgeri NA NA Lepidophyma gaigeae NA NA Emoia caeruleocauda NA Lerista arenicola NA Lygosoma albopunctata Marmorosphax tricolor NA NA NA Acanthodactylus opheodurus NA Darevskia parvula NA NA Homonota fasciata Phyllodactylus bordai Phyllodactylus unctus NA NA Sphenomorphus arborens NA Proscelotes eggeli NA Anolis argenteolus NA Anolis marcanoi Anolis tropidonotus Aprasia aurita NA NA NA NA Draco taeniopterus Abronia chiszari NA Ameiva lineolata NA Urosaurus gadovi NA Cyclodina aenea NA NA NA NA NA Riama orcesi Cyrtodactylus buchardi Cyrtopodion scabrum Gehyra punctata Hemidactylus craspedotus Nactus serpensinsula Pachydactylus rugosus Phelsuma abbotti Phelsuma laticauda Phelsuma lineata Rhoptropus taeniostictus Gonatodes falconensis Liolaemus pagaburoi Pedioplanis burchelli Parvoscincus boyingi Delma molleri Aphaniotis ornata Ctenophorus femoralis Phrynocephalus theobaldi Acanthodactylus boueti Darevskia mixta Eremias suphani Pedioplanis laticeps Podarcis virescens Plestiodon liui Cnemaspis mcguirei Uroplatus finiavana Calumma gallus Calumma vatosoa Diplodactylus capensis Amphiglossus tanysoma Lerista emmotti Anolis williamsmittermeierorum Delma concinna Delma nasuta Carlia fusca Chioninia geisthardti Eremiascincus antoniorum Eutropis indeprensa Lygosoma herberti Marmorosphax montana Saproscincus eungellensis Scincella incerta Liolaemus cranwelli Oligosoma burganae Liolaemus ramirezae Gekko palawanensis Phelsuma serraticauda Anolis rubribarbus Darevskia bendimahiensis Proctoporus iridescens Cnemaspis argus Anolis alvarezdeltoroi Anolis laeviventris Anolis liogaster Anolis salvini Liolaemus incaicus Bachia intermedia Ctenotus alacer Agama gracilimembris Cyrtodactylus cucdongensis Hemidactylus principensis Bachia bresslaui Afroedura nivaria Cnemaspis tropidogaster Gehyra pilbara Hemidactylus agrius Pachydactylus vanzyli Sceloporus anahuacus Sceloporus chaneyi Sceloporus lemosespinali Anolis gemmosus Dinarolacerta montenegrina Liolaemus famatinae Liolaemus gracilis Bavayia nubila Anniella grinnelli Aristelliger cochranae Paragehyra felicitae Alopoglossus angulatus Delma labialis Darevskia dahli Podarcis guadarramae Takydromus formosanus Draco palawanensis Draco rhytisma Rhampholeon spectrum Cordylus aridus Liolaemus tandiliensis Proctoporus bolivianus Alopoglossus viridiceps Lerista punctatovittata Ophiomorus tridactylus Ctenophorus clayi Ctenophorus fordi Phoxophrys nigrilabris Phrynocephalus raddei Latastia johnstonii Luperosaurus browni Cophoscincopus senegalensis Ctenotus iapetus Emoia baudini Eutropis rugifera Liburnascincus coensis Lioscincus novaecaledoniae Panaspis nimbaensis Scincella cherriei Sphenomorphus transversus Sphenomorphus undulatus Tropidophorus assamensis Celestus adercus Capitellum parvicruzae Liolaemus aparicioi Anolis nelsoni Ptyodactylus oudrii Alopoglossus festae Aristelliger reyesi Anolis acutus Anolis gorgonae Anolis orcesi Anolis whitemani Acontias lineatus Cyrtodactylus samroiyot Hemidactylus hajarensis Anadia bogotensis Riama balneator Liolaemus chaltin Anolis otongae Mesaspis juarezi Afroedura multiporis Cyrtodactylus jarakensis Hemidactylus frenatus Paroedura gracilis Agama lucyae Japalura tricarinata Chioninia nicolauensis Eremiascincus emigrans Sceloporus aurantius Sceloporus megalepidurus Uta nolascensis Carlia eothen Anolis imias Paragehyra petiti Japalura otai Coleonyx fasciatus Liolaemus caparensis Sphenomorphus taiwanensis Calumma andringitraense Rhampholeon boulengeri Asaccus caudivolvulus Acanthodactylus felicis Acanthodactylus gongrorhynchatus Acanthodactylus haasi Acanthodactylus longipes Acanthodactylus micropholis Acanthodactylus orientalis Acanthodactylus tilburyi Darevskia derjugini Eremias fasciata Heliobolus lugubris Iberolacerta horvathi Lacerta mostoufii Nucras boulengeri Nucras caesicaudata Ophisops microlepis Phoenicolacerta cyanisparsa Podarcis carbonelli Poromera fordii Takydromus smaragdinus Cnemaspis baueri Draco quadrasi Cercosaura ocellata Colobodactylus taunayi Petracola labioocularis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Diplodactylidae Anniellidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Cordylidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Anguidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Eublepharidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae 63.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 62.0 57.2 62.9 66.7 111.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 66.8 65.2 65.2 60.0 60.0 66.5 103.0 103.0 65.5 112.0 112.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 57.5 67.1 57.6 65.7 65.7 65.9 63.5 63.6 65.8 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 57.8 104.0 67.4 57.6 65.9 65.9 104.2 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 66.2 63.8 58.0 58.0 67.3 148.0 63.0 66.2 64.0 115.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 85.0 85.0 61.0 67.0 58.2 64.1 64.1 105.0 105.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.0 64.1 66.5 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 76.7 68.1 58.5 76.0 62.0 64.5 63.6 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 150.0 66.9 66.9 64.6 64.6 58.7 67.1 77.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 58.5 58.5 68.5 68.5 55.0 55.0 55.0 68.6 67.4 67.3 58.7 70.0 59.0 68.7 62.0 62.0 62.5 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 67.4 89.4 65.0 65.0 65.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Draco** Draco** Chamaeleonidae Legged Cordylidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.559 -4.678 -4.543 -5.125 -2.039 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -4.804 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -2.039 -2.039 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -5.125 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.543 -5.178 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.678 -4.207 -5.125 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.574 -4.543 -4.678 -4.678 -4.804 -4.207 -4.559 -4.242 -5.178 -2.039 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.310 -4.310 -3.997 -5.747 -4.678 -5.178 -5.178 -4.207 -4.207 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.543 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.765 -5.125 -4.678 -4.574 -4.482 -5.178 -4.559 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -4.678 -4.574 -5.765 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -5.125 -4.574 -4.242 -4.686 -5.201 -4.678 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.482 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.310 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.970 3.097 2.951 3.229 1.371 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.680 3.057 2.472 2.472 2.942 1.371 1.371 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 3.229 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.951 3.302 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.097 2.472 3.229 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.472 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.942 2.951 3.097 3.097 3.057 2.300 2.970 2.761 3.302 1.371 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.642 2.642 2.680 3.589 3.097 3.302 3.302 2.472 2.472 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.951 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.480 3.229 3.097 2.942 2.945 3.302 2.970 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.300 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.097 2.942 3.480 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.229 2.942 2.761 3.105 3.255 3.097 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.945 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.761 2.642 3.302 3.302 3.302 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no yes no no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no no no yes no no no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no NA NA Cyrtopodion scabrum Gehyra punctata NA NA Pachydactylus rugosus Phelsuma abbotti Phelsuma laticauda Phelsuma lineata NA Gonatodes falconensis Liolaemus pagaburoi Pedioplanis burchelli NA Delma molleri NA Ctenophorus femoralis Phrynocephalus theobaldi NA Darevskia mixta NA Pedioplanis laticeps NA NA NA NA Calumma gallus NA Diplodactylus capensis Amphiglossus tanysoma Lerista emmotti NA Delma concinna Delma nasuta Carlia fusca NA NA NA NA Marmorosphax montana NA NA NA NA Liolaemus ramirezae NA Phelsuma serraticauda NA Darevskia bendimahiensis NA NA NA Anolis laeviventris NA NA NA Bachia intermedia NA Agama gracilimembris NA NA Bachia bresslaui NA Cnemaspis tropidogaster Gehyra pilbara Hemidactylus agrius Pachydactylus vanzyli NA Sceloporus chaneyi NA Anolis gemmosus Dinarolacerta montenegrina Liolaemus famatinae Liolaemus gracilis NA NA NA NA Alopoglossus angulatus Delma labialis NA NA Takydromus formosanus Draco palawanensis Draco rhytisma Rhampholeon spectrum Cordylus aridus NA Proctoporus bolivianus NA Lerista punctatovittata NA Ctenophorus clayi Ctenophorus fordi Phoxophrys nigrilabris Phrynocephalus raddei NA NA NA NA NA NA Carlia coensis Lioscincus novaecaledoniae NA Sphenomorphus cherriei NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ptyodactylus oudrii NA NA Anolis acutus NA NA Anolis whitemani Microacontias lineatus NA NA NA NA Liolaemus chaltin NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus frenatus Paroedura gracilis NA Japalura tricarinata NA NA NA Sceloporus megalepidurus NA NA Anolis imias NA NA NA NA NA NA Rhampholeon boulengeri NA NA Acanthodactylus gongrorhynchatus NA Acanthodactylus longipes NA Acanthodactylus orientalis NA Darevskia derjugini NA Heliobolus lugubris Iberolacerta horvathi NA NA NA NA Phoenicolacerta cyanisparsa Podarcis carbonelli Poromera fordii Takydromus smaragdinus NA Draco quadrasi Cercosaura ocellata Colobodactylus taunayi NA Pholidobolus affinis Potamites apodemus Riama laudahnae Liolaemus velosoi Bachia peruana Liolaemus cyaneinotatus Anniella campi Gonatodes infernalis Iberolacerta aurelioi Diporiphora margaretae Harpesaurus borneensis Phrynocephalus persicus Cyrtodactylus payacola Ateuchosaurus pellopleurus Carlia schmeltzii Plestiodon dugesii Pseudemoia pagenstecheri Sphenomorphus multisquamatus Petracola ventrimaculatus Chalcides mionecton Iberolacerta bonnali Draco maculatus Tympanocryptis pentalineata Eremias szczerbaki Anolis anatoloros Asaccus platyrhynchus Phyllodactylus bugastrolepis Phyllodactylus nocticolus Bavayia ornata Oedura jowalbinna Liolaemus septentrionalis Cnemaspis sundagekko Hemidactylus echinus Hemidactylus garnotii Pachydactylus affinis Pachydactylus capensis Pachydactylus gaiasensis Phelsuma guttata Cophotis dumbara Celestus marcanoi Celestus sepsoides Scelotes bourquini Delma plebeia Diporiphora albilabris Tympanocryptis pinguicolla Leiocephalus eremitus Leiocephalus pratensis Trioceros kinangopensis Liolaemus hellmichi Anolis boettgeri Japalura chapaensis Anatololacerta budaki Darevskia praticola Eremias buechneri Eremias scripta Heliobolus nitidus Mesalina ercolinii Takydromus wolteri Tropidosaura cottrelli Tropidosaura montana Cyrtodactylus adleri Cyrtodactylus jaegeri Cyrtodactylus majulah Asaccus kurdistanensis Contomastix serrana Xantusia bezyi Xantusia vigilis Emoia brongersmai Liolaemus arambarensis Liolaemus audituvelatus Liolaemus calchaqui Liolaemus moradoensis Liolaemus saxatilis Liolaemus variegatus Cordylus imkeae Pholidobolus montium Ptychoglossus plicatus Cyrtodactylus tautbatorum Goggia microlepidota Trachylepis elegans Tenuidactylus longipes Asymblepharus himalayanus Carlia rostralis Concinnia frerei Ctenotus aphrodite Emoia maculata Emoia pseudocyanura Eutropis englei Glaphyromorphus punctulatus Insulasaurus wrighti Liburnascincus scirtetis Lobulia alpina Niveoscincus microlepidotus Niveoscincus pretiosus Oligosoma microlepis Panaspis breviceps Plestiodon anthracinus Plestiodon barbouri Plestiodon multilineatus Scincella tsinlingensis Sphenomorphus anomalopus Sphenomorphus cameronicus Sphenomorphus concinnatus Sphenomorphus granulatus Sphenomorphus maculatus Sphenomorphus scotophilus Sphenomorphus shelfordi Sphenomorphus variegatus Riama striata Diporiphora paraconvergens Harpesaurus ensicauda Japalura yulongensis Phrynocephalus arabicus Thaumatorhynchus brooksi Cnemaspis boulengerii Cyrtodactylus cattienensis Gehyra borroloola Gekko auriverrucosus Hemidactylus dracaenacolus Hemidactylus platyurus Paroedura oviceps Phelsuma parkeri Phelsuma rosagularis Pseudoceramodactylus khobarensis Rhoptropus bradfieldi Anolis cuprinus Anolis townsendi Delma grayii Naultinus elegans Strophurus williamsi Emoia montana Phyllodactylus muralis Ophiomorus streeti Dopasia buettikoferi Aprasia rostrata Spondylurus anegadae Proctoporus carabaya Phoxophrys spiniceps Strophurus krisalys Luperosaurus iskandari Asymblepharus ladacensis Iberolacerta aranica Brookesia griveaudi Calumma tsaratananense Trioceros schoutedeni Liolaemus manueli Uta squamata Adolfus africanus Anatololacerta pelasgiana Darevskia caucasica Darevskia portschinskii Eremias afghanistanica Eremias stummeri Mesalina rubropunctata Pedioplanis lineoocellata Cyrtodactylus papuensis Xantusia gracilis Xantusia henshawi Gekko kwangsiensis Aspidoscelis labialis Liolaemus araucaniensis Anniella alexanderae Aprasia smithi Phrynocephalus forsythii Liolaemus paulinae Anadia vittata Delma petersoni Cordylus oelofseni Bunopus spatalurus Christinus alexanderi Christinus marmoratus Cnemaspis gigas Crossobamon eversmanni Cyrtodactylus wetariensis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Anniellidae Sphaerodactylidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Agamidae Leiocephalidae Leiocephalidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Teiidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Anguidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Anniellidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae 65.0 65.0 65.0 59.1 107.0 59.2 152.0 64.3 65.3 59.0 59.0 59.0 67.7 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 65.2 107.4 65.4 87.0 59.1 65.5 68.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 69.0 69.0 59.5 68.0 70.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 59.3 78.0 78.0 108.0 122.0 59.5 59.5 64.0 64.0 63.0 59.9 68.5 59.6 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.0 68.5 68.5 68.5 63.5 62.0 70.0 70.0 69.8 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 68.0 66.0 66.0 68.7 68.7 69.9 68.8 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 66.2 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 125.0 70.0 70.0 70.2 64.0 110.0 125.0 126.0 70.4 66.5 60.3 70.3 69.4 70.5 66.9 64.0 64.0 64.0 60.7 57.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 67.0 69.6 71.0 71.0 69.7 63.0 60.9 158.0 128.0 60.7 61.0 67.0 128.5 69.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Lacertidae Draco** Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Iguania Iguania Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Teiidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Pygopodidae Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.678 -4.207 -4.678 -4.207 -4.559 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.207 -4.543 -4.310 -4.686 -4.543 -4.574 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.804 -4.804 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -5.765 -5.765 -4.207 -2.039 -4.686 -4.686 -5.033 -5.033 -3.997 -4.678 -4.574 -4.686 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -4.747 -4.796 -4.796 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.747 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -2.039 -4.804 -4.804 -5.125 -4.482 -4.207 -5.224 -2.039 -5.125 -5.178 -4.686 -4.804 -4.242 -5.125 -4.543 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.678 -3.855 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.796 -4.796 -4.242 -4.747 -4.678 -4.207 -2.039 -4.686 -4.678 -5.178 -2.039 -5.747 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.097 2.472 3.097 2.300 2.970 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 2.472 2.951 2.642 3.105 2.951 2.942 2.945 2.945 2.945 3.057 3.057 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.480 3.480 2.472 1.371 3.105 3.105 3.243 3.243 2.680 3.097 2.942 3.105 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.945 3.110 3.048 3.048 3.229 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.589 3.302 3.302 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.302 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.942 1.371 3.057 3.057 3.229 2.945 2.472 2.892 1.371 3.229 3.302 3.105 3.057 2.761 3.229 2.951 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.097 2.677 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.761 3.048 3.048 2.761 3.110 3.097 2.300 1.371 3.105 3.097 3.302 1.371 3.589 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 no no no no yes no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no NA NA NA NA Bachia peruana NA NA Gonatodes infernalis Iberolacerta aurelioi NA NA NA NA Ateuchosaurus pellopleurus Carlia schmeltzii Plestiodon dugesii Pseudemoia pagenstecheri Sphenomorphus multisquamatus Petracola ventrimaculatus Chalcides mionecton Iberolacerta bonnali Draco maculatus NA NA Anolis anatoloros Asaccus platyrhynchus Phyllodactylus bugastrolepis Phyllodactylus nocticolus Bavayia ornata NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus garnotii Pachydactylus affinis Pachydactylus capensis Pachydactylus gaiasensis Phelsuma guttata Cophotis dumbara NA NA NA NA Diporiphora albilabris Tympanocryptis pinguicolla NA NA NA NA Anolis boettgeri NA NA Darevskia praticola NA NA NA NA Takydromus wolteri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Xantusia bezyi Xantusia vigilis NA NA Liolaemus audituvelatus Liolaemus calchaqui NA Liolaemus saxatilis NA Cordylus imkeae Pholidobolus montium NA NA NA Trachylepis elegans Cyrtopodion longipes NA Carlia rostralis Eulamprus frerei NA NA Emoia pseudocyanura NA Glaphyromorphus punctulatus Sphenomorphus wrighti Carlia scirtetis NA NA Niveoscincus pretiosus Oligosoma microlepis Panaspis breviceps Plestiodon anthracinus Plestiodon barbouri NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus concinnatus NA Sphenomorphus maculatus NA NA Sphenomorphus variegatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra borroloola Gekko auriverrucosus Hemidactylus dracaenacolus Hemidactylus platyurus Paroedura oviceps Phelsuma parkeri NA Stenodactylus khobarensis Rhoptropus bradfieldi NA NA Delma grayii Naultinus elegans Strophurus williamsi NA NA NA NA Aprasia fusca NA NA NA Strophurus krisalys Luperosaurus iskandari NA Iberolacerta aranica Brookesia griveaudi Calumma tsaratananense NA NA Uta squamata Adolfus africanus Anatololacerta oertzeni Darevskia caucasica Darevskia portschinskii NA NA Mesalina rubropunctata Pedioplanis lineoocellata NA Xantusia gracilis Xantusia henshawi NA NA NA NA Aprasia smithi Phrynocephalus forsythii Liolaemus paulinae NA NA Cordylus oelofseni NA NA Christinus marmoratus NA NA NA Gehyra pamela Gekko taibaiensis Hemidactylus jubensis Hemidactylus lemurinus Hemidactylus romeshkanicus Phelsuma dubia Phelsuma flavigularis Phelsuma guimbeaui Uroplatus ebenaui Concinnia martini Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus Niveoscincus metallicus Plestiodon brevirostris Sphenomorphus zimmeri Trachylepis varia Tropidophorus sinicus Draco jareckii Liolaemus neuquensis Liolaemus yatel Darevskia caspica Anolis cooki Anolis homolechis Anolis lucius Cyrtodactylus dati Oligosoma toka Hesperoedura reticulata Tukutuku rakiurae Hemidactylus treutleri Asaccus elisae Eremias argus Anolis bellipeniculus Calotes bhutanensis Diporiphora linga Diporiphora pindan Tympanocryptis intima Liolaemus avilai Liolaemus stolzmanni Chalcides sphenopsiformis Liolaemus wari Liolaemus yanalcu Draco boschmai Darevskia kamii Anolis johnmeyeri Acontias cregoi Feylinia polylepis Paracontias holomelas Contomastix leachei Cordylus cloetei Gonatodes ceciliae Acanthodactylus dumerilii Darevskia alpina Ichnotropis capensis Meroles knoxii Meroles micropholidotus Lepidophyma zongolica Rhampholeon maspictus Lerista lineopunctulata Urosaurus lahtelai Draco bourouniensis Draco lineatus Draco sumatranus Spondylurus powelli Liolaemus cuyumhue Tarentola bocagei Tarentola substituta Leiocephalus rhutidira Ophiomorus nuchalis Emoia aenea Cnemaspis goaensis Cyrtodactylus variegatus Gehyra variegata Gekko tawaensis Hemidactylus angulatus Hemidactylus kamdemtohami Hemidactylus palaichthus Lepidodactylus magnus Paroedura maingoka Perochirus guentheri Stenodactylus petrii Tetradactylus seps Brachymeles suluensis Cyrtodactylus semenanjungensis Draco walkeri Bassiana trilineata Caledoniscincus festivus Ctenotus septenarius Emoia bismarckensis Glaphyromorphus clandestinus Gongylomorphus bojerii Kanakysaurus zebratus Lamprolepis nieuwenhuisii Madascincus mouroundavae Aprasia pulchella Delma inornata Anadia rhombifera Cercosaura vertebralis Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis Riama unicolor Riama vespertina Liolaemus bitaeniatus Liolaemus fittkaui Cyrtodactylus lomyenensis Gekko vertebralis Bavayia cyclura Bavayia geitaina Diplodactylus granariensis Naultinus rudis Draco cristatellus Pygomeles petteri Liolaemus morandae Darevskia bithynica Phyllodactylus pulcher Phyllodactylus wirshingi Draco cornutus Tympanocryptis cephalus Brookesia perarmata Kinyongia vanheygeni Liolaemus senguer Draco ornatus Iberolacerta martinezricai Liolaemus kolengh Kinyongia adolfifriderici Darevskia clarkorum Eremias brenchleyi Eremias intermedia Potamites montanicola Chalcides minutus Sceloporus squamosus Urosaurus bicarinatus Aprasia inaurita Cyrtodactylus minor Gekko subpalmatus Gekko yakuensis Tenuidactylus bogdanovi Larutia seribuatensis Leiocephalus lunatus Stenocercus johaberfellneri Parvoscincus beyeri Cyrtodactylus markuscombaii Anolis bremeri Anolis eugenegrahami Anolis fasciatus Anolis gingivinus Anolis lividus Anolis longitibialis Anolis vittigerus Diporiphora vescus Liolaemus espinozai Draco timorensis Aspidoscelis opatae Amphiglossus punctatus Carlia longipes Ctenotus essingtonii Emoia guttata Leptosiaphos kilimensis Oligosoma zelandicum Plestiodon indubitus Sphenomorphus fragosus Trachylepis bocagii Tropidophorus perplexus Draco melanopogon Anniella geronimensis Barkudia melanosticta Dibamus novaeguineae Riama crypta Liolaemus chacabucoense Liolaemus cinereus Liolaemus riojanus Liolaemus robertmertensi Phyllodactylus partidus Strophurus taenicauda Chalcides sepsoides Cyrtodactylus nepalensis Bradypodion caeruleogula yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Cordylidae Sphaerodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Agamidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Leiocephalidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Anniellidae Scincidae Dibamidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 90.0 61.1 61.1 67.4 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.1 71.1 71.0 71.0 70.2 65.0 67.6 70.2 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.3 61.3 112.0 61.4 61.4 90.6 67.8 73.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 63.7 69.5 67.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 72.0 65.2 112.7 58.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 71.7 61.7 65.5 65.5 66.0 113.0 71.8 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 68.0 71.9 71.1 91.5 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 133.0 133.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 62.0 62.0 71.2 71.2 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 91.7 162.0 62.1 68.6 67.3 66.0 92.0 62.0 66.0 66.0 62.3 92.1 69.3 62.4 66.2 69.0 69.0 69.0 68.6 114.8 59.0 59.0 136.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 115.0 67.0 57.0 72.9 72.2 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 62.5 62.8 93.0 65.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 93.2 165.0 165.0 165.0 69.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 67.0 73.2 116.0 72.6 67.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Draco** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Draco** Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Teiidae Legged Cordylidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Chamaeleonidae leg reduced lizards Phrynosomatidae Draco** Draco** Draco** Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Draco** Limbless lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Draco** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Draco** Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae leg reduced lizards Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Iguania Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Draco** Teiidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Draco** Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.310 -4.678 -4.678 -4.543 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -5.125 -4.804 -4.804 -4.242 -4.482 -4.543 -4.574 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.678 -4.678 -4.207 -4.678 -4.678 -4.310 -4.543 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -4.747 -5.747 -4.559 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.796 -3.997 -4.207 -3.855 -4.310 -4.310 -4.310 -5.125 -4.678 -4.482 -4.482 -5.033 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.783 -5.125 -4.242 -4.310 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -2.039 -2.039 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.678 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.310 -4.207 -4.678 -4.543 -4.482 -4.482 -4.310 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -4.678 -4.310 -4.543 -4.678 -3.997 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.178 -4.207 -3.855 -3.855 -2.039 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -5.033 -3.884 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.686 -4.678 -4.310 -4.747 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.310 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.178 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.482 -4.804 -4.207 -4.242 -3.997 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.642 3.097 3.097 2.951 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.229 3.057 3.057 2.761 2.945 2.951 2.942 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.097 3.097 2.472 3.097 3.097 2.642 2.951 2.942 2.300 2.300 2.300 3.110 3.589 2.970 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.048 2.680 2.472 2.677 2.642 2.642 2.642 3.229 3.097 2.945 2.945 3.243 2.472 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.085 3.229 2.761 2.642 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 1.371 1.371 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.097 3.097 2.761 2.761 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.642 2.300 3.097 2.951 2.945 2.945 2.642 3.105 2.680 2.680 3.097 2.642 2.951 3.097 2.680 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.302 2.472 2.677 2.677 1.371 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 3.243 2.719 3.229 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.105 3.097 2.642 3.110 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.642 2.300 2.300 2.300 3.302 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.945 3.057 2.472 2.761 2.680 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no yes yes no no Gehyra pamela NA NA Hemidactylus lemurinus NA Phelsuma dubia Phelsuma flavigularis Phelsuma guimbeaui Uroplatus ebenaui Eulamprus martini Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus Niveoscincus metallicus Plestiodon brevirostris NA Trachylepis varia Tropidophorus sinicus NA NA NA NA Anolis cooki Anolis homolechis Anolis lucius NA NA Oedura reticulata Hoplodactylus rakiurae NA NA Eremias argus NA NA Diporiphora linga Diporiphora pindan Tympanocryptis intima NA Liolaemus reichei Chalcides sphenopsiformis NA Liolaemus yanalcu Draco boschmai NA NA NA Feylinia polylepis Paracontias holomelas NA NA Gonatodes ceciliae NA Darevskia alpina Ichnotropis capensis Meroles knoxii Meroles micropholidotus NA NA Lerista lineopunctulata Urosaurus lahtelai Draco bourouniensis Draco lineatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra variegata NA Hemidactylus angulatus NA Hemidactylus palaichthus NA NA NA Stenodactylus petrii Tetradactylus seps NA NA NA Bassiana trilineata Caledoniscincus festivus Ctenotus septenarius NA NA Gongylomorphus bojerii NA NA Madascincus mouroundavae Aprasia pulchella Delma inornata NA NA Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis Riama unicolor NA Liolaemus bitaeniatus NA NA NA Bavayia cyclura Bavayia geitaina Diplodactylus granariensis Naultinus rudis Draco cristatellus NA NA NA NA Phyllodactylus wirshingi Draco cornutus Tympanocryptis cephalus Brookesia perarmata NA NA Draco ornatus NA Liolaemus kolengh Kinyongia adolfifriderici Darevskia clarkorum Eremias brenchleyi NA NA Chalcides minutus Sceloporus squamosus Urosaurus bicarinatus Aprasia inaurita NA NA NA NA Larutia seribuatensis NA NA Sphenomorphus beyeri NA Anolis bremeri Anolis eugenegrahami NA Anolis gingivinus Anolis lividus Anolis longitibialis NA NA Liolaemus espinozai Draco timorensis NA Amphiglossus punctatus Carlia longipes Ctenotus essingtonii NA Leptosiaphos kilimensis Oligosoma zelandicum NA NA NA NA Draco melanopogon Anniella geronimensis NA Dibamus novaeguineae NA NA NA Liolaemus riojanus Liolaemus robertmertensi NA Strophurus taenicauda Chalcides sepsoides NA NA Rhampholeon nchisiensis Trioceros conirostratus Uvidicolus sphyrurus Ctenotus hanloni Emoia tropidolepis Diporiphora arnhemica Japalura kumaonensis Phrynocephalus euptilopus Adolfus alleni Algyroides nigropunctatus Australolacerta australis Eremias regeli Ichnotropis grandiceps Mesalina guttulata Ophisops elegans Phoenicolacerta troodica Podarcis bocagei Takydromus dorsalis Takydromus sexlineatus Takydromus tachydromoides Bradypodion kentanicum Afroedura transvaalica Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus Cyrtodactylus gordongekkoi Cyrtodactylus halmahericus Gekko scientiadventura Phelsuma borbonica Aprasia parapulchella Delma fraseri Sceloporus aeneus Sceloporus cozumelae Sceloporus goldmani Asaccus andersoni Lygosoma isodactylum Anolis chrysops Anolis lineatopus Acanthodactylus aureus Phelsuma hielscheri Capitellum metallicum Ctenotus angusticeps Emoia laobaoense Lamprolepis leucosticta Lerista bougainvillii Oligosoma moco Prasinohaema semoni Tympanocryptis condaminensis Phrynocephalus axillaris Aspidoscelis danheimae Aprasia striolata Dalmatolacerta oxycephala Celestus orobius Calumma glawi Alexandresaurus camacan Echinosaura palmeri Euspondylus spinalis Placosoma cipoense Draco cyanopterus Liolaemus montanezi Aprasia picturata Coryphophylax brevicaudus Dibamus taylori Cyrtodactylus wangkulangkulae Liolaemus crepuscularis Cordylus minor Gekko swinhonis Paroedura homalorhina Rhoptropus boultoni Darevskia brauneri Darevskia steineri Eremias lalezharica Meroles suborbitalis Japalura sagittifera Cyrtodactylus badenensis Agama persimilis Harpesaurus tricinctus Japalura brevicauda Larutia nubisilvicola Liolaemus walkeri Sceloporus samcolemani Anolis armouri Anolis bombiceps Anolis chrysolepis Anolis darlingtoni Anolis poecilopus Anolis tandai Anolis trinitatis Liolaemus lavillai Draco volans Hemidactylus alkiyumii Emoia tongana Paniegekko madjo Liolaemus tenuis Podarcis cretensis Ctenotus agrestis Ctenotus atlas Ctenotus olympicus Eremiascincus isolepis Eremiascincus pardalis Eutropis madaraszi Niveoscincus greeni Oligosoma inconspicuum Oligosoma longipes Oligosoma maccanni Oligosoma stenotis Plestiodon lynxe Prasinohaema prehensicauda Scincella rara Sphenomorphus nigrolineatus Trachylepis albilabris Trachylepis ferrarai Trachylepis irregularis Trachylepis rodenburgi Tropidophorus robinsoni Phyllopezus lutzae Leiocephalus endomychus Trioceros kinetensis Japalura dasi Chalcides armitagei Chamaesaura miopropus Anolis jacare Phyllodactylus davisi Phyllodactylus homolepidurus Phyllodactylus insularis Gekko shibatai Paroedura stumpffi Eremias vermiculata Arthrosaura reticulata Arthrosaura versteegii Cyrtodactylus seribuatensis Gehyra robusta Hemidactylus yerburii Paragehyra gabriellae Ptychozoon rhacophorus Liolaemus abaucan Liolaemus donosobarrosi Liolaemus fitzgeraldi Liolaemus insolitus Liolaemus sanjuanensis Liolaemus torresi Liolaemus uspallatensis Darevskia chlorogaster Takydromus hsuehshanensis Cyrtodactylus batucolus Liolaemus confusus Brachymeles tiboliorum Emoia flavigularis Draco dussumieri Cnemaspis psychedelica Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Cyrtodactylus roesleri Gekko adleri Gerrhonotus parvus Cordylus mclachlani Platysaurus minor Platysaurus relictus Coleonyx variegatus Goniurosaurus splendens Anolis bonairensis Anolis brasiliensis Anolis carolinensis Anolis grahami Anolis haetianus Anolis sagrei Tarentola fogoensis Agama weidholzi Phrynocephalus guttatus Holbrookia propinqua Sceloporus bicanthalis Sceloporus chrysostictus Sceloporus jalapae Sceloporus ochoterenae Darevskia dryada Bavayia montana Chalcides manueli yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Carphodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Pygopodidae Lacertidae Diploglossidae Chamaeleonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Dibamidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Leiocephalidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Scincidae Cordylidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Eublepharidae Eublepharidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Agamidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae 67.0 67.0 70.0 73.3 73.4 63.0 63.0 63.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 67.3 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 140.0 140.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 67.5 117.0 73.0 73.0 70.4 73.4 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 63.5 63.5 66.0 142.0 70.6 83.0 68.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 95.0 64.0 143.0 63.7 169.0 73.9 64.1 72.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 63.9 74.1 64.0 64.0 64.0 119.0 64.4 61.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 64.5 96.0 74.5 74.9 75.0 64.6 71.5 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 68.8 69.0 69.0 64.5 120.0 120.0 74.5 69.0 69.0 69.0 74.9 74.9 71.8 71.0 71.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 72.0 72.0 75.2 65.1 75.5 75.5 97.0 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.3 84.5 73.0 73.0 73.0 77.0 77.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 69.5 65.0 65.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 72.4 76.0 75.9 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Pygopodidae Lacertidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Draco** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Draco** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Draco** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae -3.997 -3.997 -3.445 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -2.039 -2.039 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.482 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.543 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -2.039 -4.543 -5.765 -3.997 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.310 -4.678 -2.039 -4.686 -4.207 -4.242 -4.678 -5.747 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.686 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.207 -4.678 -3.855 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.678 -4.310 -4.242 -5.125 -4.804 -4.678 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.482 -5.033 -3.997 -4.686 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -4.242 -4.543 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -4.310 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.765 -5.747 -5.747 -5.747 -5.201 -5.201 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.482 -4.686 -4.686 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.543 -4.804 -5.125 2.680 2.680 2.353 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 1.371 1.371 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.945 2.472 2.942 2.942 2.951 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.110 1.371 2.951 3.480 2.680 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.642 3.097 1.371 3.105 2.300 2.761 3.097 3.589 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.105 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.472 3.097 2.677 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.097 2.642 2.761 3.229 3.057 3.097 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.945 3.243 2.680 3.105 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.761 2.761 2.951 3.302 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.951 2.951 2.761 3.097 3.229 3.229 2.642 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.480 3.589 3.589 3.589 3.255 3.255 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.945 3.105 3.105 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.951 3.057 3.229 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.95 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 yes no yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes Rhampholeon nchisiensis NA Underwoodisaurus sphyrurus Ctenotus hanloni NA Diporiphora arnhemica NA NA Adolfus alleni Algyroides nigropunctatus Australolacerta australis NA NA Mesalina guttulata Ophisops elegans NA Podarcis bocagei Takydromus dorsalis Takydromus sexlineatus Takydromus tachydromoides NA NA NA NA NA NA Phelsuma borbonica Aprasia parapulchella Delma fraseri Sceloporus aeneus Sceloporus cozumelae Sceloporus goldmani NA NA NA Anolis lineatopus Acanthodactylus aureus Phelsuma hielscheri NA Ctenotus angusticeps NA NA Lerista bougainvillii Oligosoma moco NA NA Phrynocephalus axillaris NA Aprasia striolata Dalmatolacerta oxycephala NA NA NA NA NA NA Draco cyanopterus NA Aprasia picturata NA NA NA Liolaemus crepuscularis Cordylus minor Gekko swinhonis Paroedura homalorhina Rhoptropus boultoni Darevskia brauneri NA NA Meroles suborbitalis NA NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus walkeri Sceloporus samcolemani Anolis armouri Anolis bombiceps Anolis chrysolepis Anolis darlingtoni Anolis poecilopus NA Anolis trinitatis Liolaemus lavillai Draco volans NA Emoia tongana Bavayia madjo Liolaemus tenuis NA NA Ctenotus atlas Ctenotus olympicus Glaphyromorphus isolepis Glaphyromorphus pardalis NA Niveoscincus greeni Oligosoma inconspicuum Oligosoma longipes Oligosoma maccanni Oligosoma stenotis Plestiodon lynxe NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tropidophorus robinsoni Bogertia lutzae NA NA NA NA NA Anolis jacare Phyllodactylus davisi Phyllodactylus homolepidurus NA NA Paroedura stumpffi Eremias vermiculata Arthrosaura reticulata NA NA Gehyra robusta Hemidactylus yerburyi Paragehyra gabriellae Ptychozoon rhacophorus Liolaemus abaucan Liolaemus donosobarrosi NA NA NA NA Liolaemus uspallatensis Darevskia chlorogaster Takydromus hsuehshanensis NA NA NA NA Draco dussumieri NA NA NA NA Gerrhonotus parvus Cordylus mclachlani Platysaurus minor NA Coleonyx variegatus NA Anolis bonairensis NA Anolis carolinensis Anolis grahami Anolis haetianus Anolis sagrei NA Agama weidholzi Phrynocephalus guttatus Holbrookia propinqua Sceloporus bicanthalis Sceloporus chrysostictus Sceloporus jalapae Sceloporus ochoterenae NA Bavayia montana Chalcides manueli Anolis philopunctatus Strophurus strophurus Furcifer campani Kinyongia tenuis Rhampholeon platyceps Amphiglossus frontoparietalis Ctenotus labillardieri Exila nigropalmata Lobulia subalpina Oligosoma striatum Plestiodon callicephalus Plestiodon copei Plestiodon multivirgatus Plestiodon tetragrammus Sphenomorphus sarasinorum Tribolonotus pseudoponceleti Celestus darlingtoni Sphenomorphus acutus Phrynosoma sherbrookei Afroedura major Cnemaspis pemanggilensis Cyrtodactylus fumosus Cyrtopodion himalayanum Gehyra occidentalis Hemidactylus anamallensis Concinnia brachyosoma Asaccus nasrullahi Phyllodactylus paucituberculatus Cyrtodactylus albofasciatus Mesaspis antauges Phrynocephalus putjatai Acontias schmitzi Riama laevis Asaccus granularis Draco guentheri Darevskia armeniaca Darevskia unisexualis Philochortus zolii Nadzikambia baylissi Liolaemus wiegmannii Anolis bicaorum Anolis brunneus Anolis conspersus Anolis fairchildi Anolis gundlachi Anolis kahouannensis Anolis marron Anolis maynardi Anolis planiceps Anolis scriptus Phyllodactylus paralepis Ctenotus eurydice Anomalopus mackayi Bradypodion taeniabronchum Hemidactylus persicus Scincella victoriana Maracaiba meridensis Cordylus angolensis Diplodactylus mitchelli Liolaemus erroneus Isopachys borealis Phoxophrys borneensis Pseudogekko pungkaypinit Aprasia pseudopulchella Rhampholeon gorongosae Rieppeleon kerstenii Brachymeles samad Acanthodactylus busacki Chioninia stangeri Emoia boettgeri Eremiascincus pallidus Eutropis macularia Plestiodon nietoi Sphenomorphus maindroni Agamura persica Cyrtodactylus oldhami Cyrtodactylus pubisulcus Gekko scabridus Ramigekko swartbergensis Tenuidactylus fedtschenkoi Celestus curtissi Liolaemus chavin Liolaemus lopezi Emoia oribata Asaccus griseonotus Tarentola maioensis Tarentola nicolauensis Cyrtodactylus pantiensis Emoia battersbyi Anolis lyra Kinyongia gyrolepis Liolaemus ruibali Ameiva polops Podarcis hispanicus Podarcis melisellensis Marisora magnacornae Cercosaura manicata Riama cashcaensis Anolis antioquiae Anolis fowleri Cyrtodactylus thuongae Liolaemus erguetae Liolaemus olongasta Liolaemus schmidti Emoia physicae Spondylurus caicosae Carlia luctuosa Anolis aquaticus Anniella pulchra Dibamus bogadeki Dibamus bourreti Sceloporus couchii Strophurus assimilis Bradypodion setaroi Calumma furcifer Calumma tarzan Kinyongia magomberae Kinyongia oxyrhina Ameivula nativo Acanthodactylus nilsoni Diporiphora ameliae Teratoscincus bedriagai Cyrtodactylus ayeyarwadyensis Hemidactylus albituberculatus Hemidactylus barodanus Hemidactylus granti Hemidactylus longicephalus Hemidactylus tasmani Pseudogekko compresicorpus Uroplatus malama Namazonurus lawrenci Platysaurus lebomboensis Latastia cherchii Cophotis ceylanica Ctenophorus maculatus Phrynocephalus versicolor Abronia bogerti Celestus microblepharis Aspronema cochabambae Emoia nativittatis Emoia reimschiisseli Madascincus igneocaudatus Mochlus brevicaudis Trachylepis madagascariensis Trachylepis mlanjensis Anolis annectens Phyllodactylus darwini Eurolophosaurus nanuzae Capitellum mariagalantae Acanthodactylus blanfordii Acanthodactylus savignyi Anatololacerta anatolica Anatololacerta danfordi Darevskia lindholmi Eremias nikolskii Podarcis milensis Takydromus khasiensis Aurivela longicauda Cnemidophorus pseudolemniscatus Liolaemus schroederi Anolis charlesmyersi Anolis cristatellus Anolis evermanni Anolis lionotus Anolis taylori Scincella capitanea Coggeria naufragus Diporiphora adductus Echinosaura panamensis Proctoporus chasqui Cyrtodactylus chanhomeae Ameivula xacriaba Liolaemus pacha Phrynocephalus golubewii yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Dactyloidae Diplodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Agamidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Cordylidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Pygopodidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Diploglossidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Teiidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Anniellidae Dibamidae Dibamidae Phrynosomatidae Diplodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Lacertidae Agamidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Teiidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Agamidae 90.0 76.1 70.0 70.0 70.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 85.0 76.1 62.4 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.2 70.0 70.0 76.1 85.2 65.5 175.5 72.0 70.2 98.4 73.0 73.0 73.0 70.5 66.0 86.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 70.4 76.6 123.0 70.7 76.6 76.7 76.7 90.0 77.0 66.3 177.0 66.0 76.8 155.0 71.0 71.0 76.9 73.6 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 86.0 66.5 66.5 77.1 71.0 71.0 71.0 77.2 77.2 76.7 71.4 66.7 69.0 74.0 74.0 77.4 73.0 73.0 77.0 77.0 77.6 67.0 67.0 67.0 77.6 77.6 77.7 77.2 180.0 180.0 180.0 64.0 78.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 69.5 74.5 66.9 73.4 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 75.0 75.0 74.6 67.0 67.0 67.0 87.0 87.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.6 72.0 62.0 78.3 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 70.0 70.0 67.7 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.5 127.0 67.5 74.0 74.0 78.8 70.2 67.9 67.6 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Draco** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Cordylidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Teiidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Phrynosomatidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Teiidae Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Typical Agamidae** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** -4.574 -4.804 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.765 -5.125 -3.855 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -5.765 -4.686 -4.207 -5.178 -4.482 -4.310 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -3.997 -4.678 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.482 -5.125 -4.207 -3.997 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.747 -4.804 -4.678 -4.207 -4.686 -4.242 -2.039 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.765 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.242 -5.125 -4.574 -3.997 -4.678 -4.747 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -3.855 -4.804 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.747 -4.543 -4.686 -4.559 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.747 -5.747 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -5.765 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -4.482 -3.884 -5.125 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.747 -4.747 -4.678 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -4.207 -4.686 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -4.747 -4.678 -4.686 2.942 3.057 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.480 3.229 2.677 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.945 2.945 2.761 3.480 3.105 2.300 3.302 2.945 2.642 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.680 3.097 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.945 3.229 2.472 2.680 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.589 3.057 3.097 2.300 3.105 2.761 1.371 2.680 2.680 3.229 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.480 3.097 3.097 3.229 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.761 3.229 2.942 2.680 3.097 3.110 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.942 2.300 2.300 2.300 2.677 3.057 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.110 2.951 3.105 2.970 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.589 3.589 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.480 3.480 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.942 2.945 2.719 3.229 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.110 3.110 3.097 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.229 2.472 3.105 3.302 3.302 2.761 3.110 3.097 3.105 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no no yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no no NA Strophurus strophurus Furcifer campani Kinyongia tenue Rhampholeon platyceps Amphiglossus frontoparietalis Ctenotus labillardieri Mabuya nigropalmata NA Oligosoma striatum Plestiodon callicephalus Plestiodon copei Plestiodon multivirgatus Plestiodon tetragrammus NA Tribolonotus pseudoponceleti NA Sphenomorphus acutus NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra occidentalis NA Eulamprus brachyosoma NA Phyllodactylus paucituberculatus NA NA Phrynocephalus putjatai NA NA NA Draco guentheri Darevskia armeniaca NA NA NA Liolaemus wiegmannii Anolis bicaorum Anolis brunneus Anolis conspersus NA Anolis gundlachi NA Anolis marron Anolis maynardi NA Anolis scriptus NA NA Anomalopus mackayi Bradypodion taeniabronchum Hemidactylus persicus NA Mabuya meridensis NA Diplodactylus mitchelli NA NA NA NA Aprasia pseudopulchella NA Rieppeleon kerstenii NA Acanthodactylus busacki Chioninia stangeri NA NA Eutropis macularia NA Sphenomorphus maindroni Agamura persica Cyrtodactylus oldhami NA NA Afrogecko swartbergensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus ruibali Ameiva polops Podarcis hispanicus Podarcis melisellensis NA NA NA NA Anolis fowleri NA NA Liolaemus olongasta NA Emoia physicae NA NA Anolis aquaticus Anniella pulchra NA Dibamus bourreti Sceloporus couchii Strophurus assimilis Bradypodion setaroi Calumma furcifer NA NA Kinyongia oxyrhina NA NA NA NA Cyrtodactylus ayeyarwadyensis NA NA Hemidactylus granti Hemidactylus longicephalus NA Pseudogekko compressicorpus Uroplatus malama Cordylus lawrenci NA NA Cophotis ceylanica Ctenophorus maculatus Phrynocephalus versicolor NA NA Mabuya cochabambae NA NA Madascincus igneocaudatus Mochlus brevicaudis Trachylepis madagascariensis NA Anolis annectens NA Eurolophosaurus nanuzae NA NA NA Anatololacerta anatolica Anatololacerta danfordi Darevskia lindholmi NA Podarcis milensis NA Cnemidophorus longicaudus NA Liolaemus schroederi NA Anolis cristatellus Anolis evermanni Anolis lionotus NA NA Coggeria naufragus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Calumma gastrotaenia Calumma hilleniusi Calumma vencesi Rhampholeon marshalli Liolaemus lineomaculatus Liolaemus pseudoanomalus Liolaemus rabinoi Cyrtodactylus bugiamapensis Cyrtodactylus jellesmae Elasmodactylus tuberculosus Gehyra xenopus Hemidactylus taylori Uroplatus guentheri Uroplatus malahelo Sceloporus exsul Sceloporus woodi Urosaurus clarionensis Cyrtodactylus chrysopylos Anadia petersi Geckolepis maculata Gekko thakhekensis Hemidactylus pieresii Aprasia repens Cyrtodactylus puhuensis Zonosaurus bemaraha Mesaspis monticola Pseudocalotes rhammanotus Cyrtodactylus durio Uroplatus alluaudi Chioninia fogoensis Concinnia sokosoma Ctenotus leonhardii Ctenotus nullum Oligosoma polychroma Oligosoma tekakahu Plestiodon longirostris Sphenomorphus cranei Sphenomorphus solomonis Platysaurus maculatus Platysaurus torquatus Strophurus spinigerus Tympanocryptis houstoni Cyrtodactylus sanook Urosaurus nigricaudus Tarentola caboverdiana Sceloporus cryptus Apathya cappadocica Darevskia raddei Iranolacerta zagrosica Podarcis waglerianus Acontias kgalagadi Acontias rieppeli Melanoseps ater Spondylurus turksae Draco spilopterus Gekko palmatus Anolis lemurinus Anolis strahmi Tarentola neglecta Trachylepis angolensis Leiocephalus onaneyi Cyrtodactylus huynhi Scelotes kasneri Aspidoscelis picta Strophurus intermedius Calumma marojezense Cnemaspis kendallii Cyrtodactylus erythrops Cyrtodactylus interdigitalis Cyrtodactylus rubidus Cyrtodactylus thirakhupti Gehyra dubia Gekko aaronbaueri Gekko chinensis Gekko kikuchii Hemidactylus beninensis Hemidactylus coalescens Hemidactylus lankae Hemidactylus richardsonii Hemidactylus tanganicus Nactus pelagicus Pachydactylus rangei Paroedura bastardi Paroedura sanctijohannis Stenodactylus leptocosymbotes Tenuidactylus caspius Tenuidactylus turcmenicus Liolaemus carlosgarini Liolaemus silvai Anadia ocellata Euspondylus maculatus Potamites flavogularis Amalosia lesueurii Amalosia rhombifer Naultinus gemmeus Naultinus stellatus Woodworthia brunneus Woodworthia chrysosireticus Cyrtodactylus sworderi Iranolacerta brandtii Carlia beccarii Takydromus sauteri Cyrtodactylus ingeri Sceloporus merriami Sceloporus subpictus Uta lowei Ameivula cipoensis Liolaemus curicensis Liolaemus darwinii Liolaemus gravenhorstii Emoia kuekenthali Pristidactylus casuhatiensis Brachymeles wrighti Cyrtodactylus surin Trioceros harennae Draco haematopogon Zonosaurus aeneus Bassiana duperreyi Bassiana platynota Ctenotus rawlinsoni Emoia nigromarginata Eutropis chapaensis Mochlus guineensis Mochlus mocquardi Oligosoma lichenigera Oligosoma smithi Plestiodon capito Plestiodon quadrilineatus Plestiodon stimpsonii Sphenomorphus aignanus Sphenomorphus loriae Sphenomorphus papuae Sphenomorphus stellatus Techmarscincus jigurru Tropidophorus thai Cyrtodactylus annulatus Oedura coggeri Hemidactylus biokoensis Paroedura lohatsara Ameivula abalosi Brachymeles vulcani Tarentola chazaliae Cyrtodactylus sumonthai Acontias jappi Dibamus celebensis Typhlosaurus meyeri Cordylus macropholis Platysaurus monotropis Bufoniceps laungwalaensis Acanthodactylus arabicus Acanthodactylus bedriagai Acanthodactylus pardalis Meroles squamulosus Zootoca vivipara Anolis aeneus Anolis bartschi Anolis chlorocyanus Anolis concolor Anolis desiradei Anolis gadovii Anolis lineatus Anolis pentaprion Anolis terraealtae Anolis ventrimaculatus Acanthodactylus robustus Cyrtodactylus cavernicolus Gehyra australis Homopholis mulleri Rhinogecko misonnei Uroplatus pietschmanni Bradypodion atromontanum Rieppeleon brevicaudatus Trioceros rudis Sphenomorphus capitolythos yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Pygopodidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Anguidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Diplodactylidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Leiocephalidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Scincidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Leiosauridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Dibamidae Scincidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 79.1 74.3 79.2 79.2 79.2 165.0 79.2 75.0 88.0 67.9 79.3 79.3 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 76.0 76.0 79.4 68.0 79.5 65.4 73.0 65.5 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 185.0 185.0 185.0 79.3 103.0 79.7 79.0 79.0 73.2 79.4 73.0 79.8 129.0 71.0 79.9 74.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 78.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 68.8 68.8 75.0 75.0 75.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.1 76.4 79.7 76.5 80.2 66.0 66.0 66.0 71.3 69.0 69.0 69.0 79.9 73.0 130.0 80.4 74.4 104.0 76.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.5 80.4 80.6 80.6 71.6 80.1 74.0 80.7 188.0 188.0 188.0 77.0 77.0 69.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 77.2 81.0 81.0 81.0 81.0 81.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 80.5 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Draco** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Iguania Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Teiidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Leiosauridae** leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Draco** Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.242 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -2.039 -4.242 -4.783 -5.765 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.747 -5.747 -4.804 -4.686 -4.242 -3.855 -4.482 -3.855 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.310 -4.242 -4.574 -4.574 -4.482 -5.125 -5.033 -4.242 -4.207 -4.747 -4.804 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.242 -4.543 -5.125 -4.543 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.747 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.296 -4.207 -4.242 -3.997 -4.310 -4.783 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.804 -4.242 -4.242 -4.747 -5.125 -4.482 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.747 -5.747 -4.686 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.761 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 1.371 2.761 3.085 3.480 3.105 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.589 3.589 3.057 3.105 2.761 2.677 2.945 2.677 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.300 2.300 2.300 3.229 2.642 2.761 2.942 2.942 2.945 3.229 3.243 2.761 2.472 3.110 3.057 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 2.761 2.951 3.229 2.951 2.761 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.110 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.389 2.472 2.761 2.680 2.642 3.085 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.057 2.761 2.761 3.110 3.229 2.945 2.761 2.300 2.300 2.300 3.589 3.589 3.105 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 yes yes no yes yes yes no no no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no Calumma gastrotaenia Calumma hilleniusi NA Rhampholeon marshalli Liolaemus lineomaculatus Liolaemus pseudoanomalus NA NA NA Elasmodactylus tuberculosus Gehyra xenopus NA Uroplatus guentheri Uroplatus malahelo NA Sceloporus woodi Urosaurus clarionensis NA NA Geckolepis maculata NA NA Aprasia repens NA Zonosaurus bemaraha NA NA NA Uroplatus alluaudi Chioninia fogoensis Eulamprus sokosoma Ctenotus leonhardii NA NA NA Plestiodon longirostris Sphenomorphus cranei Sphenomorphus solomonis NA NA Strophurus spinigerus NA NA Urosaurus nigricaudus Geckonia chazaliae Sceloporus cryptus Apathya cappadocica Darevskia raddei Iranolacerta zagrosica NA Typhlosaurus lineatus Acontophiops lineatus Melanoseps ater NA Draco spilopterus NA Anolis lemurinus Anolis strahmi Tarentola neglecta NA NA NA Scelotes kasneri NA Strophurus intermedius NA Cnemaspis kendallii NA NA NA NA Gehyra dubia NA Gekko chinensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Nactus pelagicus Pachydactylus rangei Paroedura bastardi Paroedura sanctijohannis Stenodactylus leptocosymbotus Cyrtopodion caspium NA NA NA NA NA NA Oedura lesueurii Oedura rhombifer Naultinus gemmeus Naultinus stellatus NA Hoplodactylus chrysosireticus NA Iranolacerta brandtii NA Takydromus sauteri NA Sceloporus merriami Sceloporus subpictus NA NA Liolaemus hernani Liolaemus darwinii Liolaemus gravenhorstii NA NA NA NA Chamaeleo harennae Draco haematopogon Zonosaurus aeneus Bassiana duperreyi NA Ctenotus rawlinsoni NA NA NA NA Cyclodina lichenigera Oligosoma smithi Plestiodon capito Plestiodon quadrilineatus Plestiodon stimpsonii NA NA NA Sphenomorphus stellatus Bartleia jigurru Tropidophorus thai Cyrtodactylus annulatus Oedura coggeri NA Paroedura lohatsara NA NA NA NA NA Dibamus celebensis Typhlosaurus meyeri Cordylus macropholis Platysaurus monotropis Bufoniceps laungwalaensis NA NA Acanthodactylus pardalis Ichnotropis squamulosa Zootoca vivipara Anolis aeneus Anolis bartschi Anolis chlorocyanus NA NA NA Anolis lineatus NA Anolis terraealtae Anolis ventrimaculatus NA NA Gehyra australis Homopholis mulleri NA Uroplatus pietschmanni Bradypodion atromontanum Rieppeleon brevicaudatus Chamaeleo rudis NA Spondylurus macleani Cyrtodactylus takouensis Ameiva maynardi Ameivula abaetensis Aspidoscelis hyperythra Cnemidophorus cryptus Naultinus manukanus Leiocephalus raviceps Tarentola boettgeri Liolaemus lentus Hemidactylus bowringii Luperosaurus gulat Anadia altaserrania Potamites ocellatus Riama petrorum Podarcis levendis Chalcides guentheri Liolaemus scorialis Anolis chocorum Cyrtodactylus jambangan Anolis ibanezi Trioceros hanangensis Liolaemus bibronii Liolaemus coeruleus Liolaemus etheridgei Liolaemus griseus Calotes manamendrai Ctenotus quinkan Lacertaspis gemmiventris Plestiodon tunganus Trachylepis hemmingi Trachylepis pendeana Liolaemus tulkas Phyllodactylus reissii Phyllodactylus ventralis Anolis nubilus Anolis parilis Eremias multiocellata Ichnotropis bivittata Latastia ornata Podarcis muralis Phyllurus championae Anolis cybotes Liolaemus pantherinus Cyrtodactylus fasciolatum Cyrtodactylus marmoratus Cyrtodactylus martinstolli Hemidactylus arnoldi Homopholis fasciata Ctenophorus maculosus Diporiphora bilineata Diporiphora winneckei Phrynocephalus helioscopus Bradypodion melanocephalum Trioceros balebicornutus Cordylus beraduccii Cordylus machadoi Teratoscincus microlepis Cyrtodactylus elok Stenocercus ivitus Cyrtodactylus guakanthanensis Cyrtodactylus metropolis Amphiglossus spilostichus Brachymeles hilong Dibamus tebal Phyllurus kabikabi Ctenoblepharys adspersa Leiocephalus greenwayi Acanthodactylus ahmaddisii Pseudocalotes dringi Madascincus arenicola Liolaemus molinai Sceloporus palaciosi Urosaurus graciosus Scelotes montispectus Liolaemus orko Anolis limon Lepidophyma pajapanensis Liolaemus melanopleurus Sceloporus nelsoni Zonosaurus brygooi Ctenotus astarte Ctenotus mimetes Ctenotus orientalis Ctenotus uber Eremiascincus douglasi Lygosoma bowringii Pamelaescincus gardineri Sphenomorphus crassus Trachylepis aureopunctata Trachylepis bayonii Trachylepis brauni Trachylepis hildebrandtii Vietnascincus rugosus Liolaemus magellanicus Liolaemus ortizii Liolaemus parvus Liolaemus platei Cyrtodactylus condorensis Gekko russelltraini Liolaemus cyanogaster Anolis ernestwilliamsi Anolis huilae Anolis soinii Anolis vaupesianus Riama columbiana Takydromus hani Afroedura hawequensis Stenodactylus doriae Phyllodactylus dixoni Phyllodactylus palmeus Phyllodactylus xanti Tarentola gomerensis Bradypodion ngomeense Furcifer cephalolepis Kinyongia excubitor Liolaemus ornatus Cyrtodactylus spinosus Liolaemus smaug Pristurus carteri Trapelus schmitzi Bavayia robusta Liolaemus hermannunezi Namazonurus campbelli Goniurosaurus orientalis Goniurosaurus toyamai Liolaemus occipitalis Liolaemus robertoi Cnemidophorus flavissimus Urosaurus ornatus Uta encantadae Celestus crusculus Pygopus steelescotti Echinosaura brachycephala Ptychoglossus gorgonae Aspidoscelis maslini Spondylurus semitaeniatus Sepsophis punctatus Liolaemus halonastes Cyrtodactylus capreoloides Cyrtodactylus paradoxus Gekko coi Anolis longiceps Ctenotus brachyonyx Ctenotus regius Kanakysaurus viviparus Sphenomorphus cryptotis Trachylepis affinis Tropidophorus microlepis Cyrtodactylus tebuensis Darevskia valentini Dinarolacerta mosorensis Eremias acutirostris Eremias strauchi Podarcis liolepis Takydromus amurensis Takydromus septentrionalis Spondylurus martinae Cyrtodactylus dumnuii Liolaemus hajeki Amphiglossus ardouini Anomalopus leuckartii Chamaesaura aenea Emoia loyaltiensis Acontias occidentalis Cnemaspis sundainsula Liolaemus multimaculatus Gekko melli Acontias breviceps Tropidurus mucujensis Holodactylus africanus Anolis proboscis Aphaniotis acutirostris Diporiphora reginae yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae Leiocephalidae Phyllodactylidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Carphodactylidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Sphaerodactylidae Gekkonidae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Dibamidae Carphodactylidae Liolaemidae Leiocephalidae Lacertidae Agamidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Xantusiidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Sphaerodactylidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Eublepharidae Eublepharidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Pygopodidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Cordylidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Eublepharidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Agamidae 80.5 81.1 72.0 72.0 72.2 72.0 81.0 74.1 74.5 69.8 81.3 81.3 76.0 76.0 76.0 77.6 190.0 69.9 80.6 81.5 80.7 75.5 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 69.7 81.0 81.0 81.0 81.0 81.0 70.1 75.0 75.0 81.0 81.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 80.6 81.1 70.3 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 76.0 76.0 78.0 92.0 77.0 82.1 65.0 82.2 82.2 81.5 81.5 133.5 81.1 75.0 75.0 78.5 70.3 81.7 70.7 68.0 68.0 134.0 70.8 81.8 83.0 70.9 68.2 78.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 82.9 82.9 71.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 77.3 79.0 83.0 83.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 71.2 83.2 71.3 78.0 71.0 83.0 71.4 79.0 84.0 84.0 71.5 71.5 74.0 69.0 69.0 92.0 185.0 78.0 78.0 74.2 82.9 136.4 71.8 84.0 84.0 84.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 84.1 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 83.1 84.2 72.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 83.2 198.0 84.5 72.3 84.6 199.0 67.0 85.0 83.6 72.0 72.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Limbless lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Iguania Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xantusiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** -5.125 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.804 -5.033 -4.482 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.543 -4.207 -4.678 -4.574 -4.242 -4.574 -3.997 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -4.482 -4.482 -4.574 -4.574 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -3.445 -4.574 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -5.747 -5.747 -4.559 -4.242 -3.884 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -3.445 -5.033 -5.033 -4.543 -4.686 -5.125 -4.678 -3.855 -3.855 -4.207 -4.678 -4.574 -4.796 -4.678 -3.855 -4.783 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.178 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.678 -4.242 -4.678 -4.559 -4.686 -4.804 -4.678 -5.747 -5.201 -5.201 -4.678 -4.678 -4.747 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -2.039 -5.178 -5.178 -4.747 -5.125 -4.207 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -4.242 -4.678 -4.207 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.207 -4.242 -4.678 -4.242 -4.207 -3.884 -5.201 -4.574 -4.686 -4.686 3.229 2.761 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.057 3.243 2.945 3.097 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.951 2.300 3.097 2.942 2.761 2.942 2.680 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 2.945 2.945 2.942 2.942 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.353 2.942 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.680 2.680 3.589 3.589 2.970 2.761 2.719 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 2.472 2.353 3.243 3.243 2.951 3.105 3.229 3.097 2.677 2.677 2.472 3.097 2.942 3.048 3.097 2.677 3.085 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.761 2.761 3.097 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.302 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.097 2.761 3.097 2.970 3.105 3.057 3.097 3.589 3.255 3.255 3.097 3.097 3.110 2.677 2.677 3.480 1.371 3.302 3.302 3.110 3.229 2.472 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 2.761 3.097 2.472 2.472 2.472 3.229 2.300 2.761 3.097 2.761 2.300 2.719 3.255 2.942 3.105 3.105 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1 no no yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes NA NA Ameiva maynardi NA Aspidoscelis hyperythrus NA Naultinus manukanus Leiocephalus raviceps Tarentola boettgeri NA Hemidactylus bowringii NA NA NA NA NA Chalcides guentheri NA Anolis chocorum NA NA NA Liolaemus bibronii Liolaemus coeruleus NA NA NA NA Lacertaspis gemmiventris Plestiodon tunganus NA NA NA Phyllodactylus reissii NA Anolis nubilis NA Eremias multiocellata NA NA Podarcis muralis NA Anolis cybotes NA NA Cyrtodactylus marmoratus NA NA Homopholis fasciata Ctenophorus maculosus Diporiphora bilineata Diporiphora winneckei Phrynocephalus helioscopus Bradypodion melanocephalum Chamaeleo balebicornutus Cordylus beraduccii NA Teratoscincus microlepis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Phyllurus kabikabi Ctenoblepharys adspersa NA NA NA NA Liolaemus molinai Sceloporus palaciosi Urosaurus graciosus Scelotes montispectus NA NA Lepidophyma pajapanensis NA Sceloporus nelsoni Zonosaurus brygooi Ctenotus astarte Ctenotus mimetes NA Ctenotus uber Glaphyromorphus douglasi Lygosoma bowringii Pamelaescincus gardineri NA Trachylepis aureopunctata NA NA NA NA Liolaemus magellanicus NA NA Liolaemus platei NA NA Liolaemus cyanogaster Anolis ernestwilliamsi Anolis huilae NA NA NA NA NA Stenodactylus doriae NA NA Phyllodactylus xanti Tarentola gomerensis NA Furcifer cephalolepis Kinyongia excubitor Liolaemus ornatus NA NA Pristurus carteri NA NA Liolaemus hermannunezi Cordylus campbelli NA NA Liolaemus occipitalis NA NA Urosaurus ornatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis longiceps NA Ctenotus regius Kanakysaurus viviparus NA Trachylepis affinis Tropidophorus microlepis NA Darevskia valentini Dinarolacerta mosorensis NA NA Podarcis atrata Takydromus amurensis Takydromus septentrionalis NA NA NA NA Anomalopus leuckartii Chamaesaura aenea Emoia loyaltiensis NA NA Liolaemus multimaculatus NA Acontias breviceps Tropidurus mucujensis Holodactylus africanus NA NA Diporiphora reginae Japalura micangshanensis Oriocalotes paulus Tympanocryptis lineata Gekko japonicus Cordylus ukingensis Draco formosus Draco mindanensis Draco quinquefasciatus Cyrtodactylus sumuroi Sceloporus arenicolus Sceloporus becki Sceloporus slevini Sceloporus teapensis Leiocephalus vinculum Trachylepis chimbana Abronia montecristoi Abronia ramirezi Celestus montanus Pseudoacontias madagascariensis Typhlosaurus braini Ailuronyx tachyscopaeus Cyrtodactylus deccanensis Cyrtodactylus lateralis Cyrtodactylus peguensis Cyrtodactylus taynguyenensis Cyrtodactylus tigroides Gekko hokouensis Hemidactylus brookii Hemidactylus depressus Hemidactylus kyaboboensis Pachydactylus haackei Pachydactylus namaquensis Anolis coelestinus Liolaemus loboi Riama simotera Riama stigmatoral Ctenotus ingrami Ctenotus youngsoni Emoia slevini Mochlus paedocarinatum Oligosoma ornatum Sphenomorphus lineopunctulatus Trioceros laterispinis Trioceros ntunte Podarcis lilfordi Teira dugesii Amphiglossus tsaratananensis Liolaemus porosus Leptosiaphos rhodurus Liolaemus hatcheri Liolaemus laurenti Acontias namaquensis Lucasium immaculatum Mokopirirakau nebulosus Naultinus tuberculatus Nebulifera robusta Oedura gracilis Strophurus wellingtonae Toropuku stephensi Liolaemus josei Hemicordylus nebulosus Cyrtodactylus phuquocensis Coleonyx switaki Eurolophosaurus amathites Stenocercus amydrorhytus Stenocercus stigmosus Cyrtodactylus darmandvillei Pachydactylus kladaroderma Ptychozoon kaengkrachanense Aphaniotis fusca Japalura batangensis Japalura brevipes Dibamus seramensis Holbrookia lacerata Phrynosoma modestum Sceloporus smithi Sceloporus virgatus Cyrtodactylus vilaphongi Uroplatus phantasticus Abronia salvadorensis Gerrhonotus lugoi Spondylurus fulgidus Anolis blanquillanus Anolis extremus Anolis marmoratus Anolis onca Anolis oxylophus Anolis serranoi Hemidactylus greeffii Ameivula confusioniba Aspidoscelis rodecki Contomastix vittata Trioceros chapini Cyrtodactylus bidoupimontis Cyrtodactylus thochuensis Draco indochinensis Draco norvillii Sceloporus siniferus Philochortus hardeggeri Philochortus neumanni Podarcis pityusensis Amphiglossus alluaudi Concinnia queenslandiae Concinnia tenuis Concinnia tigrinus Ctenotus lateralis Ctenotus pulchellus Ctenotus schevilli Dasia haliana Eulamprus kosciuskoi Eulamprus leuraensis Liopholis inornata Lygosoma laeviceps Mochlus somalicum Niveoscincus ocellatus Psychosaura macrorhyncha Scelotes mirus Simiscincus aurantiacus Sphenomorphus derooyae Trachylepis megalura Larutia puehensis Alopoglossus copii Euspondylus josyi Euspondylus rahmi Riama meleagris Teuchocercus keyi Anolis megalopithecus Luperosaurus cumingii Tarentola boavistensis Spondylurus haitiae Paradelma orientalis Pygopus schraderi Bavayia crassicollis Tropidurus cocorobensis Cyrtodactylus tiomanensis Liolaemus tehuelche Acontias orientalis Liolaemus goetschi Delma mitella Urostrophus gallardoi Marisora brachypoda Anolis heterodermus Anolis roquet Anolis scypheus Anolis tetarii Anolis valencienni Holbrookia approximans Cyrtodactylus inthanon Trioceros affinis Tympanocryptis tetraporophora Contomastix lacertoides Acontias bicolor Pseudoacontias angelorum Plestiodon kuchinoshimensis Kentropyx paulensis Eremias kavirensis Latastia caeruleopunctata Cyrtodactylus pseudoquadrivirgatus Ctenotus joanae Lygosoma mafianum Plestiodon fasciatus Plestiodon skiltonianus Sphenomorphus leptofasciatus Trachylepis maculata Namazonurus namaquensis Namazonurus pustulatus Ninurta coeruleopunctatus Ptyodactylus ananjevae Tarentola angustimentalis Tarentola darwini Eremias nigrocellata Echinosaura orcesi Draco obscurus Bradypodion dracomontanum yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Anguidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Eublepharidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Dibamidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Anguidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Pygopodidae Leiosauridae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae 72.0 72.0 72.0 84.8 84.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 84.9 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 77.0 83.8 93.0 93.0 93.0 200.0 200.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 84.0 72.7 79.0 79.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 79.0 79.0 81.0 81.0 84.1 72.9 84.2 73.0 73.0 201.5 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 73.1 80.7 85.8 86.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 73.0 73.0 73.0 203.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 86.1 86.1 94.0 94.0 84.8 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 86.2 76.5 76.0 76.0 80.0 86.3 86.3 112.0 112.0 71.2 82.0 82.0 82.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 141.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 85.3 86.5 79.0 85.2 198.0 198.0 86.0 68.7 87.0 74.2 206.0 74.3 200.0 78.0 85.7 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 72.0 87.3 81.0 74.0 76.9 207.0 207.0 85.9 77.0 83.0 83.0 87.5 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 83.2 81.0 114.0 81.5 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Draco** Draco** Draco** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Iguania Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Draco** Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae Pygopodidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Pygopodidae Leiosauridae** Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Teiidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Draco** Chamaeleonidae -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -5.747 -4.310 -4.310 -4.310 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -5.033 -5.125 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.678 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -4.678 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -4.207 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -4.678 -5.747 -4.242 -5.201 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.207 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.242 -4.242 -5.765 -5.765 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.310 -4.310 -3.855 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.207 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -4.574 -4.242 -4.482 -5.125 -2.039 -2.039 -4.804 -3.884 -4.242 -4.678 -4.207 -4.678 -2.039 -5.296 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -3.855 -4.242 -3.997 -4.686 -4.747 -4.207 -4.207 -5.125 -4.747 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.747 -5.747 -5.747 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -4.543 -5.178 -4.310 -3.997 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.589 2.642 2.642 2.642 2.761 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.243 3.229 3.480 3.480 3.480 2.300 2.300 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 3.097 3.302 3.302 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.097 3.229 3.097 3.097 2.300 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.097 3.589 2.761 3.255 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.300 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.761 2.761 3.480 3.480 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.642 2.642 2.677 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.472 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.942 2.761 2.945 3.229 1.371 1.371 3.057 2.719 2.761 3.097 2.300 3.097 1.371 3.389 3.229 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.677 2.761 2.680 3.105 3.110 2.300 2.300 3.229 3.110 2.951 2.951 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.589 3.589 3.589 2.945 2.945 2.945 2.951 3.302 2.642 2.680 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes NA NA Tympanocryptis lineata Gekko japonicus Cordylus ukingensis NA Draco mindanensis Draco quinquefasciatus NA Sceloporus arenicolus NA Sceloporus slevini Sceloporus teapensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlosaurus braini Ailuronyx tachyscopaeus NA NA NA NA NA Gekko hokouensis Hemidactylus brookii Hemidactylus depressus NA Pachydactylus haackei Pachydactylus namaquensis Anolis coelestinus NA Riama simoterus NA NA Ctenotus youngsoni NA NA Cyclodina ornata NA NA NA Podarcis lilfordi Teira dugesii Amphiglossus tsaratananensis NA NA Liolaemus hatcheri Liolaemus laurenti NA Lucasium immaculatum Hoplodactylus nebulosus Naultinus tuberculatus Oedura robusta Oedura gracilis Strophurus wellingtonae Hoplodactylus stephensi NA Cordylus nebulosus NA NA Eurolophosaurus amathites NA Stenocercus stigmosus NA Pachydactylus kladaroderma NA Aphaniotis fusca NA NA Dibamus seramensis Holbrookia lacerata Phrynosoma modestum Sceloporus smithi Sceloporus virgatus NA Uroplatus phantasticus NA NA NA NA Anolis extremus Anolis marmoratus Anolis onca Anolis oxylophus NA Hemidactylus greefii NA NA NA NA NA NA Draco indochinensis NA Sceloporus siniferus NA NA Podarcis pityusensis NA Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae Eulamprus tenuis Eulamprus tigrinus NA Ctenotus pulchellus NA NA Eulamprus kosciuskoi Eulamprus leuraensis Egernia inornata NA NA Niveoscincus ocellatus Mabuya macrorhyncha Scelotes mirus Simiscincus aurantiacus NA NA NA Alopoglossus copii NA NA NA NA NA Luperosaurus cumingii NA NA Paradelma orientalis NA NA Tropidurus cocorobensis NA NA NA NA Delma mitella Urostrophus gallardoi Mabuya unimarginata Anolis heterodermus Anolis roquet NA NA Anolis valencienni NA NA Chamaeleo affinis Tympanocryptis tetraporophora Cnemidophorus lacertoides NA NA NA Kentropyx paulensis NA NA NA NA NA Plestiodon fasciatus Plestiodon skiltonianus Sphenomorphus leptofasciatus NA Cordylus namaquensis Cordylus pustulatus Cordylus coeruleopunctatus NA Tarentola angustimentalis Tarentola darwini NA NA Draco obscurus Bradypodion dracomontanum Mokopirirakau cryptozoicus Oedura tryoni Cyrtodactylus kunyai Japalura luei Cyrtodactylus brevidactylus Cyrtodactylus sadleiri Hemidactylus luqueorum Stenodactylus slevini Liolaemus montanus Liolaemus telsen Goniurosaurus yamashinae Oligosoma townsi Gekko mindorensis Anolis phyllorhinus Furcifer willsii Tropidurus helenae Cyrtodactylus nuaulu Parvoscincus hadros Elgaria cedrosensis Mesaspis moreletii Melanoseps uzungwensis Ctenophorus pictus Liolaemus inacayali Acanthodactylus erythrurus Archaeolacerta bedriagae Podarcis erhardii Agama etoshae Ctenophorus tjantjalka Dendragama boulengeri Diporiphora phaeospinosa Japalura andersoniana Phrynocephalus lutensis Trapelus megalonyx Bradypodion damaranum Chioninia spinalis Ctenotus coggeri Ctenotus lancelini Sphenomorphus brunneus Spondylurus monae Trachylepis depressa Phymaturus desuetus Phyllodactylus delsolari Phyllodactylus lanei Tarentola mindiae Leiocephalus punctatus Cyrtodactylus hontreensis Calodactylodes aureus Cnemaspis nigridia Cyrtodactylus pageli Gehyra brevipalmata Hemidactylus ituriensis Anadia steyeri Euspondylus caideni Riama hyposticta Riama raneyi Phyllurus ossa Cyrtodactylus eisenmanae Gekko romblon Iberolacerta monticola Coleonyx gypsicolus Sceloporus adleri Trioceros schubotzi Anolis cristifer Tarentola boehmei Liolaemus huacahuasicus Liolaemus pulcherrimus Anolis anoriensis Acontias aurantiacus Typhlosaurus caecus Liolaemus poecilochromus Urosaurus auriculatus Uta tumidarostra Abronia ornelasi Androngo trivittatus Acanthodactylus scutellatus Hellenolacerta graeca Iberolacerta galani Nucras livida Philochortus intermedius Podarcis peloponnesiacus Podarcis raffoneae Cyrtodactylus huongsonensis Liolaemus cazianiae Cyrtodactylus teyniei Diplolaemus leopardinus Ctenotus mastigura Marisora alliacea Mochlus simonettai Oligosoma acrinasum Trachylepis ozorii Calotes medogensis Complicitus nigrigularis Diporiphora lalliae Chondrodactylus fitzsimonsi Cnemaspis limi Cyrtodactylus irregularis Cyrtodactylus jarujini Cyrtodactylus khasiensis Cyrtodactylus tamaiensis Gekko grossmanni Hemidactylus mabouia Perochirus ateles Aspidoscelis calidipes Aspidoscelis parvisocia Cnemidophorus martyris Cnemidophorus rostralis Cyrtodactylus aequalis Strophurus ciliaris Woodworthia maculatus Liolaemus martorii Calotes ellioti Lygosoma haroldyoungi Liolaemus acostai Liolaemus constanzae Bradypodion caffer Nadzikambia mlanjensis Lepidophyma mayae Cyrtodactylus doisuthep Eremiascincus intermedius Liolaemus gracielae Scincella darevskii Liolaemus atacamensis Liolaemus pleopholis Liolaemus salinicola Liolaemus scapularis Liolaemus williamsi Celestus haetianus Holbrookia elegans Holbrookia maculata Sceloporus caeruleus Sceloporus pyrocephalus Stenocercus modestus Stenocercus nubicola Podarcis filfolensis Liolaemus purul Gekko vietnamensis Hemidactylus macropholis Pachydactylus laevigatus Pachydactylus pulitzerae Liolaemus vallecurensis Zonosaurus tsingy Ctenotus taeniolatus Hemiergis gracilipes Marisora aurulae Plestiodon inexpectatus Tarentola rudis Potamites erythrocularis Pristidactylus valeriae Ctenophorus mckenziei Diporiphora australis Cnemidophorus splendidus Chamaesaura tenuior Marisora falconensis Bradypodion gutturale Anolis sabanus Potamites ecpleopus Riama colomaromani Pseudocalotes larutensis Ptyodactylus orlovi Namazonurus peersi Dasia subcaerulea Larutia miodactyla Celestus cyanochloris Diploglossus bilobatus Sceloporus gadoviae Liolaemus rosenmanni Pseudocalotes brevipes Cyrtodactylus arcanus Cyrtodactylus intermedius Cyrtodactylus leegrismeri Hemidactylus leschenaultii Phoenicolacerta kulzeri Phoenicolacerta laevis Podarcis tiliguerta yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Eublepharidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Scincidae Anguidae Anguidae Scincidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Leiocephalidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Eublepharidae Phrynosomatidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Phyllodactylidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Anguidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Leiosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Diploglossidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Leiosauridae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Cordylidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Phyllodactylidae Cordylidae Scincidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae 87.0 87.0 87.9 74.5 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 75.0 75.0 88.0 86.5 88.2 87.0 82.0 70.0 88.4 86.7 96.0 96.0 210.0 74.9 75.3 84.0 84.0 84.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 82.3 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 72.3 81.0 81.0 81.0 80.0 88.9 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.0 89.0 89.2 89.2 84.6 89.0 73.8 83.0 88.0 81.5 76.0 76.0 88.1 213.0 213.0 76.1 74.0 74.0 97.0 147.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 89.8 76.3 89.9 80.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 90.1 89.0 89.0 76.5 76.2 148.0 76.7 76.7 84.0 84.0 90.0 90.5 88.5 76.9 88.6 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 98.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 72.0 72.0 86.0 77.1 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 77.2 85.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 83.0 83.7 81.0 77.0 77.0 80.0 150.0 89.2 85.0 90.0 84.0 84.0 77.3 83.5 85.0 89.5 151.0 99.0 99.0 76.0 77.9 77.5 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Limbless lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Leiosauridae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Xantusiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Leiosauridae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Cordylidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae -4.804 -4.804 -4.242 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -5.201 -5.125 -4.242 -4.574 -3.997 -3.884 -4.242 -5.125 -5.765 -5.765 -4.207 -4.686 -4.678 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.040 -4.482 -4.482 -4.482 -5.033 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -5.178 -3.445 -4.242 -4.242 -4.543 -5.201 -3.855 -3.997 -4.574 -4.482 -4.678 -4.678 -4.574 -4.207 -4.207 -4.678 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -4.207 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -4.678 -4.242 -5.296 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.242 -4.804 -4.804 -4.678 -4.686 -4.207 -4.678 -4.678 -3.997 -3.997 -4.796 -4.242 -5.125 -4.678 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.765 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.884 -3.884 -4.543 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.783 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.482 -5.178 -5.296 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -4.207 -5.125 -3.997 -4.574 -5.178 -5.178 -4.686 -4.482 -5.747 -5.125 -4.207 -5.765 -5.765 -3.855 -4.678 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 3.057 3.057 2.761 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.255 3.229 2.761 2.942 2.680 2.719 2.761 3.229 3.480 3.480 2.300 3.105 3.097 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.680 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.323 2.945 2.945 2.945 3.243 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.302 3.302 3.302 3.302 2.353 2.761 2.761 2.951 3.255 2.677 2.680 2.942 2.945 3.097 3.097 2.942 2.300 2.300 3.097 2.677 2.677 3.480 2.472 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.761 3.097 2.761 3.389 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.761 3.057 3.057 3.097 3.105 2.472 3.097 3.097 2.680 2.680 3.048 2.761 3.229 3.097 3.229 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.480 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.719 2.719 2.951 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.085 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.945 3.302 3.389 3.105 3.105 3.110 2.472 3.229 2.680 2.942 3.302 3.302 3.105 2.945 3.589 3.229 2.472 3.480 3.480 2.677 3.097 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.951 2.951 2.951 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 13.3 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.9 13.9 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.9 14.9 14.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.2 15.2 15.2 yes yes no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes Hoplodactylus cryptozoicus Oedura tryoni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus telsen NA Cyclodina townsi Gekko mindorensis NA Furcifer willsii NA NA NA NA Mesaspis moreletii NA Ctenophorus pictus Liolaemus inacayali Acanthodactylus erythrurus Archaeolacerta bedriagae Podarcis erhardii NA Ctenophorus tjantjalka NA NA NA NA NA Bradypodion damaranum Chioninia spinalis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Phyllodactylus lanei Tarentola mindiae NA NA Calodactylodes aureus NA NA Gehyra brevipalmata NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gekko romblon Iberolacerta monticola NA Sceloporus adleri Chamaeleo schubotzi NA Tarentola boehmei Liolaemus huacahuasicus NA NA NA Typhlosaurus caecus NA Urosaurus auriculatus NA Abronia ornelasi Androngo trivittatus Acanthodactylus scutellatus Hellenolacerta graeca Iberolacerta galani NA NA Podarcis peloponnesiacus Podarcis raffonei NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligosoma acrinasum NA NA NA Diporiphora lalliae Chondrodactylus fitzsimonsi Cnemaspis limi Cyrtodactylus irregularis Cyrtodactylus jarujini NA NA Gekko grossmanni Hemidactylus mabouia Perochirus ateles NA NA NA NA NA Strophurus ciliaris Hoplodactylus maculatus NA NA NA NA NA Bradypodion caffrum Nadzikambia mlanjense Lepidophyma mayae NA NA NA NA Liolaemus atacamensis NA Liolaemus salinicola Liolaemus scapularis NA Celestus haetianus NA Holbrookia maculata NA Sceloporus pyrocephalus NA NA Podarcis filfolensis NA NA Hemidactylus macropholis Pachydactylus laevigatus NA Liolaemus vallecurensis Zonosaurus tsingy Ctenotus taeniolatus Glaphyromorphus gracilipes NA Plestiodon inexpectatus Tarentola rudis NA NA Ctenophorus mckenziei Diporiphora australis NA NA Mabuya falconensis Bradypodion gutturale Anolis sabanus Potamites ecpleopus Riama colomaromani NA NA Cordylus peersi NA NA NA Diploglossus bilobatus Sceloporus gadoviae NA Pseudocalotes brevipes NA Cyrtodactylus intermedius NA Hemidactylus leschenaultii Phoenicolacerta kulzeri Phoenicolacerta laevis Podarcis tiliguerta Cyrtodactylus mamanwa Isopachys gyldenstolpei Gekko ernstkelleri Liolaemus boulengeri Liolaemus silvanae Liolaemus thomasi Pygopus robertsi Emoia oriva Cyrtodactylus yangbayensis Mokopirirakau kahutarae Zonosaurus subunicolor Latastia doriai Tarentola delalandii Aspronema dorsivittatum Brasiliscincus caissara Chalcides ebneri Ctenotus arcanus Ctenotus eutaenius Ctenotus terrareginae Glaphyromorphus nigricaudis Oligosoma notosaurus Pinoyscincus coxi Plestiodon finitimus Plestiodon septentrionalis Sphenomorphus melanopogon Sphenomorphus mimikanum Sphenomorphus nigriventris Sphenomorphus wollastoni Trachylepis buettneri Tropidophorus laotus Liolaemus cristiani Paroedura picta Riama afrania Cyrtodactylus cryptus Cyrtodactylus wayakonei Ctenophorus salinarum Nephrurus laevissimus Nephrurus vertebralis Phyllurus gulbaru Bradypodion transvaalense Trioceros marsabitensis Trioceros narraioca Trioceros perreti Marisora roatanae Cnemidophorus senectus Liolaemus millcayac Diporiphora valens Japalura hamptoni Sitana deccanensis Anolis luciae Chamaesaura anguina Pygopus nigriceps Microlophus yanezi Pseudocalotes ziegleri Anadia pamplonensis Emoia klossi Cyrtodactylus papilionoides Cyrtodactylus ziegleri Gehyra interstitialis Hemidactylus forbesii Phelsuma standingi Abronia reidi Diploglossus montisilvestris Sceloporus consobrinus Sceloporus edbelli Sceloporus variabilis Uta stansburiana Darevskia saxicola Nucras scalaris Ctenophorus nguyarna Platysaurus broadleyi Stenocercus carrioni Pseudoacontias menamainty Alinea pergravis Cyrtodactylus sermowaiensis Ctenotus severus Lygosoma boehmei Lygosoma punctata Notomabuya frenata Oligosoma judgei Ameivula littoralis Contomastix vacariensis Prasinohaema flavipes Darevskia rudis Anolis punctatus Laudakia dayana Ameivula cyanura Dasia johnsinghi Glaphyromorphus fuscicaudis Lepidophyma tarascae Holcosus niceforoi Chalcides coeruleopunctatus Calotes aurantolabium Cyrtodactylus biordinis Cyrtodactylus caovansungi Cyrtodactylus kingsadai Hemidactylus platycephalus Hemidactylus triedrus Leiocephalus barahonensis Bradypodion nemorale Chalcides parallelus Tropidoscincus variabilis Cyrtodactylus redimiculus Echinosaura horrida Sceloporus heterolepis Sceloporus scalaris Sceloporus shannonorum Liolaemus pipanaco Liolaemus sitesi Stenocercus chlorostictus Stenocercus ornatissimus Goniurosaurus zhelongi Trioceros sternfeldi Tarentola fascicularis Tarentola mauritanica Pseudoacontias unicolor Zonosaurus rufipes Brasiliscincus heathi Chioninia delalandii Eutropis dissimilis Lygosoma pembanum Marisora unimarginata Oligosoma pikitanga Tropidophorus baviensis Chondrodactylus turneri Cyrtodactylus angularis Cyrtodactylus grismeri Hemidactylus fasciatus Hemidactylus flaviviridis Hemidactylus prashadi Luperosaurus corfieldi Nephrurus stellatus Chalcides boulengeri Aspidoscelis cozumelae Cyrtodactylus khelangensis Coleonyx reticulatus Holodactylus cornii Anadia hobarti Agama bocourti Bronchocela danieli Calotes desilvai Diporiphora bennettii Otocryptis nigristigma Otocryptis wiegmanni Eremiascincus phantasmus Acanthodactylus beershebensis Adolfus jacksoni Podarcis siculus Phrynosoma braconnieri Phrynosoma wigginsi Cyrtodactylus edwardtaylori Cyrtodactylus stresemanni Mabuya hispaniolae Anadia pariaensis Japalura polygonata Pseudocalotes flavigula Stenocercus chrysopygus Stenocercus haenschi Stenocercus latebrosus Glaphyromorphus othelarrni Gekko truongi Liolaemus dumerili Ctenotus alleni Emoia adspersa Emoia tuitarere Eremiascincus timorensis Lygosoma opisthorhodum Pinoyscincus llanosi Trachylepis casuarinae Trachylepis spilogaster Cyrtodactylus cucphuongensis Gehyra koira Ptychozoon horsfieldii Platysaurus capensis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Gekkonidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Pygopodidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Gerrhosauridae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Dactyloidae Cordylidae Pygopodidae Tropiduridae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Cordylidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Teiidae Scincidae Lacertidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Xantusiidae Teiidae Scincidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Leiocephalidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Eublepharidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Carphodactylidae Scincidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Eublepharidae Eublepharidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae 92.0 220.0 92.1 78.0 78.0 78.0 224.0 89.9 92.3 91.0 86.0 87.3 84.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 78.2 92.4 84.6 92.5 92.5 77.9 93.0 93.0 93.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 90.2 81.0 78.4 78.0 78.0 78.0 91.0 152.5 227.0 73.7 78.2 85.0 90.5 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 100.0 100.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 88.0 88.0 78.4 86.0 74.0 224.0 90.9 93.5 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 81.8 81.8 91.1 88.5 92.0 78.9 81.9 91.2 91.2 93.0 82.0 91.3 79.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 84.0 87.5 91.5 91.5 94.2 86.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 79.7 79.8 75.0 75.0 93.4 88.0 86.0 86.0 227.8 88.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 96.0 92.3 83.0 95.3 94.0 94.0 86.8 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 92.5 90.0 90.0 90.0 79.0 79.0 95.5 95.5 92.6 87.0 80.2 80.2 80.0 76.0 76.0 93.0 95.9 80.9 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 88.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Pygopodidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gerrhosauridae Lacertidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Pygopodidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Cordylidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Xantusiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae -4.242 -4.207 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -2.039 -5.125 -4.242 -4.804 -4.783 -4.543 -4.482 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -4.242 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -3.445 -3.445 -3.445 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -4.747 -4.678 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.574 -4.207 -2.039 -3.884 -4.686 -5.178 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.765 -5.765 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.543 -4.543 -4.686 -5.747 -3.884 -4.207 -5.125 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.747 -4.747 -5.125 -4.543 -4.574 -4.686 -4.747 -5.125 -5.125 -4.796 -4.747 -5.125 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.033 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -5.178 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.678 -4.678 -3.884 -3.884 -5.201 -3.997 -4.482 -4.482 -4.207 -4.783 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.445 -5.125 -4.747 -4.242 -5.201 -5.201 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -3.855 -3.855 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -5.125 -4.242 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.747 2.761 2.300 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.097 1.371 3.229 2.761 3.057 3.085 2.951 2.945 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 2.761 3.302 2.761 2.761 3.105 2.353 2.353 2.353 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 3.110 3.097 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.942 2.472 1.371 2.719 3.105 3.302 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.480 3.480 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.951 2.951 3.105 3.589 2.719 2.300 3.229 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.110 3.110 3.229 2.951 2.942 3.105 3.110 3.229 3.229 3.048 3.110 3.229 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.243 2.680 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.302 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.097 3.097 2.719 2.719 3.255 2.680 2.945 2.945 2.300 3.085 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.353 3.229 3.110 2.761 3.255 3.255 3.302 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.677 2.677 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.302 3.105 3.105 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.229 2.761 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.589 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.1 no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes NA NA NA Liolaemus boulengeri Liolaemus silvanae NA NA NA NA Hoplodactylus kahutarae Zonosaurus subunicolor NA Tarentola delalandii Mabuya dorsivittata Mabuya caissara NA NA NA NA NA Oligosoma notosaurus Sphenomorphus coxi NA Plestiodon septentrionalis Sphenomorphus melanopogon NA NA NA NA NA NA Paroedura picta NA NA NA Ctenophorus salinarum Nephrurus laevissimus Nephrurus vertebralis NA Bradypodion transvaalense NA Chamaeleo narraioca NA NA NA NA Diporiphora valens NA NA Anolis luciae Chamaesaura anguina Pygopus nigriceps Microlophus yanezi NA NA NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus forbesii Phelsuma standingi NA NA Sceloporus consobrinus NA Sceloporus variabilis Uta stansburiana Darevskia saxicola NA NA Platysaurus broadleyi NA Pseudoacontias menamainty NA Cyrtodactylus sermowaiensis NA NA Lygosoma punctata Mabuya frenata NA NA NA NA Darevskia rudis Anolis punctatus NA NA NA Glaphyromorphus fuscicaudis NA NA Chalcides coeruleopunctatus NA NA NA NA Hemidactylus platycephalus Hemidactylus triedrus Leiocephalus barahonensis Bradypodion nemorale Chalcides parallelus Tropidoscincus variabilis NA NA Sceloporus heterolepis Sceloporus scalaris NA NA NA NA Stenocercus ornatissimus NA Chamaeleo sternfeldi NA Tarentola mauritanica NA Zonosaurus rufipes Mabuya heathi Chioninia delalandii NA NA NA Oligosoma pikitanga Tropidophorus baviensis Chondrodactylus turneri Cyrtodactylus angularis NA Hemidactylus fasciatus Hemidactylus flaviviridis Hemidactylus prashadi NA Nephrurus stellatus Chalcides boulengeri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Diporiphora bennettii NA Otocryptis wiegmanni NA Acanthodactylus beershebensis Adolfus jacksoni Podarcis siculus Phrynosoma braconnieri Phrynosoma wigginsi NA NA NA NA Japalura polygonata Pseudocalotes flavigula Stenocercus chrysopygus NA Stenocercus latebrosus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus llanosi NA Trachylepis spilogaster NA Gehyra koira NA Platysaurus capensis Liolaemus scolaroi Cyrtodactylus martini Chalcidoseps thwaitesi Pseudocalotes tympanistriga Iberolacerta cyreni Podarcis tauricus Anadia bitaeniata Sceloporus carinatus Sceloporus cowlesi Sceloporus minor Celestus rozellae Diploglossus garridoi Agama boensis Sitana ponticeriana Gekko porosus Calumma capuroni Furcifer petteri Trioceros camerunensis Mokopirirakau granulatus Naultinus grayii Naultinus punctatus Riama achlyens Riama oculata Alinea lanceolata Blaesodactylus antongilensis Tropidurus erythrocephalus Aristelliger hechti Anolis porcatus Sceloporus cyanostictus Tracheloptychus madagascariensis Sphenomorphus longicaudatus Trachylepis gravenhorstii Gekko carusadensis Goniurosaurus yingdeensis Tropidophorus matsuii Liolaemus eleodori Liolaemus koslowskyi Cadea blanoides Pseudocordylus spinosus Cyrtodactylus philippinicus Trioceros nyirit Aspidoscelis pai Cnemidophorus arenivagus Holcosus chaitzami Kentropyx vanzoi Spondylurus monitae Sceloporus asper Sceloporus grammicus Sceloporus grandaevus Celestus badius Pygomeles braconnieri Cyrtodactylus baluensis Gekko lauhachindai Japalura fasciata Pseudocalotes saravacensis Cyrtodactylus auribalteatus Liolaemus tromen Anolis fitchi Anolis macrinii Anolis podocarpus Anadia antioquensis Lepidophyma tuxtlae Stenocercus cupreus Chalarodon madagascariensis Ctenotus inornatus Ctenotus rimacolus Ctenotus tanamiensis Emoia concolor Nangura spinosa Niveoscincus palfreymani Sphenomorphus nigrolabris Trachylepis vittata Tropidophorus mocquardii Tropidoscincus boreus Nephrurus deleani Phyllurus isis Underwoodisaurus seorsus Calotes rouxii Dopasia wegneri Liolaemus foxi Liolaemus duellmani Sphenomorphus pratti Kinyongia asheorum Trioceros serratus Stenocercus nigromaculatus Acanthodactylus schreiberi Psammodromus algirus Gehyra papuana Coleonyx mitratus Amphiglossus crenni Sceloporus taeniocnemis Brachymeles boholensis Emoia aneityumensis Spondylurus nitidus Abronia leurolepis Abronia mitchelli Celestus fowleri Diploglossus ingridae Aspidoscelis inornata Aspidoscelis neomexicana Aspidoscelis uniparens Cyrtodactylus ramboda Oedura castelnaui Dopasia sokolovi Gekko canhi Nephrurus wheeleri Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis Calotes ceylonensis Ctenophorus isolepis Harpesaurus modiglianii Phrynocephalus vlangalii Cyrtodactylus aurensis Phyllodactylus delcampoi Ptyodactylus puiseuxi Stenocercus frittsi Stenocercus orientalis Liolaemus maldonadae Brasiliscincus agilis Dasia vittata Liopholis multiscutata Oligosoma taumakae Plestiodon japonicus Plestiodon latiscutatus Psychosaura agmosticha Sphenomorphus tersus Trachylepis loluiensis Tropidophorus iniquus Cyrtodactylus langkawiensis Ptychozoon intermedium Kinyongia uluguruensis Kinyongia uthmoelleri Trioceros incornutus Cyrtodactylus bichnganae Acanthodactylus cantoris Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus Eremias velox Nucras intertexta Nucras tessellata Tropidophorus murphyi Calodactylodes illingworthorum Chondrodactylus bibronii Cyrtodactylus fraenatus Elasmodactylus tetensis Ptychozoon lionotum Ptychozoon trinotaterra Chamaesaura macrolepis Liolaemus heliodermis Liolaemus multicolor Cyrtodactylus gubaot Cyrtodactylus sharkari Nephrurus levis Uta palmeri Hemidactylus makolowodei Abronia graminea Celestus barbouri Anolis oculatus Anolis transversalis Oedura monilis Ptychozoon nicobarensis Cordylus rhodesianus Platysaurus orientalis Platysaurus pungweensis Liolaemus mapuche Ameivula venetacauda Aspidoscelis velox Kentropyx lagartija Orosaura nebulosylvestris Cyrtodactylus aaroni Ceratophora erdeleni Diporiphora nobbi Japalura makii Phoxophrys cephalum Rankinia diemensis Zonosaurus anelanelany yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Agamidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Tropiduridae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Eublepharidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Cadeidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae Tropiduridae Opluridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Agamidae Anguidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Eublepharidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Anguidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Anguidae Gekkonidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Carphodactylidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Liolaemidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae 81.0 96.2 159.0 80.8 91.0 91.0 87.8 80.0 80.0 80.0 103.0 103.0 81.0 81.0 96.7 90.0 90.0 90.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 88.0 88.0 93.8 97.0 77.0 90.0 95.1 80.4 90.0 94.0 94.0 97.2 95.6 94.1 82.0 82.0 260.0 89.0 97.6 91.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 94.5 81.0 81.0 81.0 104.0 162.0 98.0 98.0 82.0 82.0 98.1 82.5 96.0 96.0 96.0 89.0 97.0 78.0 90.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 82.4 175.0 82.9 83.0 95.3 92.0 92.0 78.4 93.0 93.0 98.9 97.0 164.0 82.0 95.5 95.5 95.5 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 99.1 97.0 176.0 99.2 101.0 99.3 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 99.4 90.0 90.0 79.0 79.0 83.6 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 99.8 99.8 93.0 93.0 93.0 99.9 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 96.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 103.0 100.0 166.0 84.0 84.0 100.1 100.1 102.0 83.0 100.2 106.0 106.0 98.0 98.0 98.1 100.3 91.0 91.0 91.0 84.2 87.0 87.0 87.0 96.7 100.5 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 93.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Amphisbaenia Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Xantusiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Opluridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gerrhosauridae -4.678 -4.242 -4.207 -4.686 -4.543 -4.543 -5.178 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -5.765 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.804 -4.804 -4.804 -5.178 -5.178 -5.125 -4.242 -3.884 -4.559 -4.574 -3.855 -4.783 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -5.201 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -5.858 -5.747 -4.242 -3.997 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -5.125 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -4.207 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.678 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.178 -4.796 -3.884 -6.439 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.445 -3.445 -3.445 -4.686 -5.224 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -3.884 -4.543 -4.543 -4.242 -5.201 -4.207 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.242 -4.804 -5.224 -4.242 -3.445 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.242 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.207 -4.678 -4.678 -4.242 -4.242 -3.445 -3.855 -4.242 -5.765 -5.765 -4.574 -4.574 -4.804 -4.242 -5.747 -5.747 -5.747 -4.678 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -5.125 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.783 3.097 2.761 2.472 3.105 2.951 2.951 3.302 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.480 3.480 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.057 3.057 3.057 3.302 3.302 3.229 2.761 2.719 2.970 2.942 2.677 3.085 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.255 3.229 3.097 3.097 2.943 3.589 2.761 2.680 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.229 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.480 2.472 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.097 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.302 3.048 2.719 3.940 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.353 2.353 2.353 3.105 2.892 3.097 3.097 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.719 2.951 2.951 2.761 3.255 2.472 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.480 3.480 3.480 3.480 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.761 3.057 2.892 2.761 2.353 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.945 2.945 2.719 2.719 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.761 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.472 3.097 3.097 2.761 2.761 2.353 2.677 2.761 3.480 3.480 2.942 2.942 3.057 2.761 3.589 3.589 3.589 3.097 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.229 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.085 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 17.1 17.1 17.2 17.2 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.7 17.7 17.7 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.5 yes no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes no yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes Liolaemus scolaroi NA NA NA Iberolacerta cyreni Podarcis tauricus NA Sceloporus carinatus NA Sceloporus minor NA NA NA Sitana ponticeriana Gekko porosus Calumma capuroni Furcifer petteri NA Hoplodactylus granulatus Naultinus grayii NA NA NA NA Blaesodactylus antongilensis Tropidurus erythrocephalus NA Anolis porcatus NA Tracheloptychus madagascariensis NA Trachylepis gravenhorstii NA NA Tropidophorus matsuii NA Liolaemus koslowskyi Cadea blanoides Cordylus spinosus Cyrtodactylus philippinicus NA NA Cnemidophorus arenivagus NA Kentropyx vanzoi NA NA Sceloporus grammicus Sceloporus grandaevus NA Pygomeles braconnieri NA NA NA NA NA NA Anolis fitchi NA NA NA Lepidophyma tuxtlae Stenocercus cupreus Chalarodon madagascariensis Ctenotus inornatus NA Ctenotus tanamiensis Emoia concolor Nangura spinosa NA NA Trachylepis vittata NA Tropidoscincus boreus Nephrurus deleani NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Acanthodactylus schreiberi Psammodromus algirus NA Coleonyx mitratus NA Sceloporus taeniocnemis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Aspidoscelis inornatus NA NA NA Oedura castelnaui NA NA Nephrurus wheeleri NA Calotes ceylonensis Ctenophorus isolepis NA Phrynocephalus vlangalii NA Phyllodactylus delcampoi NA NA Stenocercus orientalis NA Mabuya agilis Apterygodon vittatus Egernia multiscutata Oligosoma taumakae Plestiodon japonicus Plestiodon latiscutatus Mabuya agmosticha NA NA NA NA NA NA Kinyongia uthmoelleri NA NA Acanthodactylus cantoris NA Eremias velox NA Nucras tessellata Tropidophorus murphyi Calodactylodes illingworthorum Chondrodactylus bibronii NA Elasmodactylus tetensis Ptychozoon lionotum NA NA Liolaemus heliodermis Liolaemus multicolor NA NA Nephrurus levis Uta palmeri NA Abronia graminea NA Anolis oculatus Anolis transversalis Oedura monilis NA Cordylus rhodesianus NA Platysaurus pungweensis NA NA Aspidoscelis velox NA NA NA Ceratophora erdeleni Amphibolurus nobbi NA NA Rankinia diemensis Zonosaurus anelanelany Microlophus occipitalis Stenocercus doellojuradoi Stenocercus pectinatus Tropidurus hygomi Eutropis multicarinata Glaphyromorphus mjobergi Liopholis slateri Tropidophorus berdmorei Tropidophorus davaoensis Acanthodactylus harranensis Anadia blakei Potamites cochranae Phyllurus nepthys Gekko petricolus Draco abbreviatus Draco reticulatus Varzea altamazonica Goniurosaurus hainanensis Acanthodactylus blanci Acanthodactylus boskianus Acanthodactylus tristrami Latastia petersiana Anisolepis undulatus Draco fimbriatus Sceloporus utiformis Celestus hylaius Mesaspis gadovii Liolaemus chlorostictus Liolaemus robustus Liolaemus thermarum Spondylurus culebrae Anadia bumanguesa Holcosus quadrilineatus Liolaemus burmeisteri Cordylus jonesii Cordylus niger Chalcides bedriagai Pygopus lepidopodus Agama hulbertorum Trioceros goetzei Trioceros pfefferi Christinus guentheri Gekko monarchus Paroedura tanjaka Microlophus koepckeorum Stenocercus sinesaccus Leiocephalus inaguae Dasia nicobarensis Emoia campbelli Eremiascincus brongersmai Mabuya cochonae Mabuya montserratae Manciola guaporicola Oligosoma nigriplantare Pinoyscincus abdictus Trachylepis homalocephala Trachylepis maculilabris Tropidophorus beccarii Agama sankaranica Bronchocela rayaensis Japalura varcoae Japalura zhaoermii Pseudocalotes microlepis Xenagama zonura Liolaemus riodamas Liolaemus talampaya Liolaemus tristis Mabuya desiradae Correlophus belepensis Riama luctuosa Cyrtodactylus hikidai Teratoscincus roborowskii Anolis allisoni Anolis capito Anolis eulaemus Anolis reconditus Anolis woodi Pristidactylus alvaroi Phrynosoma cerroense Dactylocnemis pacificus Oedura gemmata Goniurosaurus kuroiwae Liolaemus annectens Liolaemus isabelae Liolaemus polystictus Teratoscincus toksunicus Calumma jejy Furcifer timoni Ameivula pyrrhogularis Cyrtodactylus mimikanus Draco blanfordii Chalcides levitoni Chalcides montanus Chalcides sexlineatus Emoia cyanogaster Plestiodon oshimensis Spondylurus sloanii Ophisaurus mimicus Sceloporus macdougalli Meroles ctenodactylus Bradypodion occidentale Cyrtodactylus medioclivus Harpesaurus beccarii Japalura flaviceps Xenagama taylori Cyrtodactylus lekaguli Cyrtodactylus yoshii Anolis barkeri Sceloporus smaragdinus Sceloporus tanneri Gerrhonotus farri Enyalius erythroceneus Blaesodactylus sakalava Kinyongia boehmei Kinyongia tavetana Trioceros ellioti Aristelliger praesignis Liolaemus baguali Liolaemus kuhlmanni Liolaemus somuncurae Liolaemus uptoni Ptyodactylus guttatus Ameiva parecis Aspidoscelis laredoensis Ameivula nigrigula Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis Amphiglossus elongatus Ateuchosaurus chinensis Emoia atrocostata Emoia longicauda Eulamprus heatwolei Eutropis novemcarinata Lygosoma carinatum Lygosoma lanceolatum Mesoscincus altamirani Plestiodon marginatus Plestiodon sumichrasti Trachylepis hoeschi Trachylepis socotrana Trachylepis sulcata Trachylepis tessellata Trachylepis wingati Eremias persica Eremias przewalskii Stenocercus azureus Stenocercus eunetopsis Stenocercus marmoratus Cyrtodactylus subsolanus Copeoglossum redondae Eulamprus tympanum Cordylus marunguensis Cordylus meculae Platysaurus ocellatus Gekko gigante Leiocephalus loxogrammus Alinea berengerae Acontias percivali Ctenophorus yinnietharra Japalura swinhonis Pseudocalotes andamanensis Sceloporus hunsakeri Sceloporus sugillatus Euspondylus guentheri Neusticurus rudis Cyrtodactylus cracens Cyrtodactylus deveti Cyrtodactylus matsuii Cyrtodactylus mcdonaldi Gehyra baliola Hemidactylus hunae Abronia frosti Abronia gaiophantasma Abronia matudai Abronia smithi yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Eublepharidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Leiosauridae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Anguidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Scincidae Pygopodidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Leiosauridae Phrynosomatidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Eublepharidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Sphaerodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Anguidae Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Anguidae Leiosauridae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Anguidae Anguidae Anguidae 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 97.0 97.0 97.0 97.0 97.0 94.8 91.0 91.0 103.0 101.0 132.0 132.0 97.2 98.8 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 88.0 132.1 84.0 107.0 107.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 97.6 91.6 88.0 85.2 92.0 92.0 97.8 274.0 84.9 95.0 95.0 102.0 102.0 102.0 81.0 81.0 90.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.5 85.5 85.5 98.1 99.7 92.0 102.2 94.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 89.0 85.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 86.0 86.0 86.0 95.0 96.0 96.0 89.0 103.0 135.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 183.0 85.7 97.0 96.4 103.4 86.0 86.0 86.0 103.5 103.5 101.0 86.0 86.0 109.0 90.0 104.0 97.0 97.0 97.0 96.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 94.0 90.0 90.0 90.1 104.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.0 98.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 104.6 100.1 100.1 94.0 94.0 94.0 104.7 92.0 100.2 257.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 94.0 94.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Draco** Legged Scincidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Leiosauridae** Draco** Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Scincidae Pygopodidae Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Leiosauridae** Phrynosomatidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Draco** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Phrynosomatidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Leiosauridae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Legged Scincidae Limbless lizards Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.543 -5.178 -5.178 -3.445 -4.242 -4.310 -4.310 -5.125 -5.201 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.296 -4.310 -3.855 -5.765 -5.765 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.178 -4.747 -4.678 -5.747 -5.747 -5.125 -2.039 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -3.884 -3.884 -5.033 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -4.804 -5.178 -4.242 -4.559 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.296 -3.855 -4.804 -4.804 -5.201 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.559 -3.997 -3.997 -4.747 -4.242 -4.310 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.224 -3.855 -4.543 -3.997 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -5.296 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.559 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.482 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.543 -4.543 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.747 -5.747 -5.747 -4.242 -5.033 -5.125 -4.207 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.855 -3.855 -5.178 -5.178 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.951 3.302 3.302 2.353 2.761 2.642 2.642 3.229 3.255 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.389 2.642 2.677 3.480 3.480 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.302 3.110 3.097 3.589 3.589 3.229 1.371 3.105 2.680 2.680 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.719 2.719 3.243 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.057 3.302 2.761 2.970 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.389 2.677 3.057 3.057 3.255 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.970 2.680 2.680 3.110 2.761 2.642 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.892 2.677 2.951 2.680 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.677 2.677 3.480 3.389 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.970 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.945 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.951 2.951 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.589 3.589 3.589 2.761 3.243 3.229 2.300 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.677 2.677 3.302 3.302 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.480 3.480 3.480 3.480 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.9 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.3 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.6 20.6 20.6 20.6 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.4 21.4 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no Microlophus occipitalis Stenocercus doellojuradoi NA Tropidurus hygomi Eutropis multicarinata Glaphyromorphus mjobergi NA Tropidophorus berdmorei NA NA NA NA NA Gekko petricolus NA Draco reticulatus Mabuya altamazonica NA Acanthodactylus blanci Acanthodactylus boskianus Acanthodactylus tristrami NA NA Draco fimbriatus Sceloporus utiformis NA Mesaspis gadovii NA NA Liolaemus thermarum NA NA Ameiva quadrilineata NA Cordylus jonesii Cordylus niger Chalcides bedriagai Pygopus lepidopodus NA Chamaeleo goetzei Chamaeleo pfefferi NA Gekko monarchus Paroedura tanjaka Microlophus koepckeorum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Mabuya guaporicola Oligosoma nigriplantare Sphenomorphus abdictus Trachylepis homalocephala Trachylepis maculilabris Tropidophorus beccarii Agama sankaranica NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus tristis NA NA NA NA Teratoscincus roborowskii Anolis allisoni Anolis capito NA Anolis reconditus Anolis woodi NA Phrynosoma cerroense Hoplodactylus pacificus Oedura gemmata Goniurosaurus kuroiwae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Draco blanfordii NA Chalcides montanus Chalcides sexlineatus Emoia cyanogaster NA Mabuya sloanii NA Sceloporus macdougalli Meroles ctenodactylus Bradypodion occidentale NA NA Japalura flaviceps Xenagama taylori NA NA NA Sceloporus smaragdinus NA NA NA Blaesodactylus sakalava Kinyongia boehmei Kinyongia tavetana Chamaeleo ellioti Aristelliger praesignis Liolaemus baguali NA Liolaemus somuncurae Liolaemus uptoni Ptyodactylus guttatus NA Aspidoscelis laredoensis NA NA NA NA Emoia atrocostata NA Eulamprus heatwolei NA NA NA NA Plestiodon marginatus Plestiodon sumichrasti Trachylepis hoeschi Trachylepis socotrana Trachylepis sulcata NA NA Eremias persica Eremias przewalskii Stenocercus azureus Stenocercus eunetopsis Stenocercus marmoratus NA NA Eulamprus tympanum NA Cordylus meculae NA NA NA NA Acontias percivali NA NA NA Sceloporus hunsakeri NA NA Neusticurus rudis NA NA NA NA Gehyra baliola NA Abronia frosti NA Abronia matudai NA Lepidophyma reticulatum Ptyodactylus dhofarensis Orraya occultus Gehyra barea Teratoscincus przewalskii Ptyctolaemus gularis Phyllopezus pollicaris Luperosaurus kubli Larutia sumatrensis Melanoseps emmrichi Cadea palirostrata Maracaiba zuliae Aspidoscelis sexlineata Tracheloptychus petersi Cyrtodactylus soba Ctenotus fallens Ctenotus helenae Ctenotus rubicundus Ctenotus saxatilis Emoia arnoensis Emoia erronan Mabuya dominicana Oligosoma whitakeri Tropidophorus cocincinensis Stenocercus apurimacus Stenocercus torquatus Acontias gracilicauda Pseudocophotis kontumensis Oedura murrumanu Saltuarius wyberba Liolaemus nigroviridis Tropidophorus hangnam Liolaemus morenoi Cyrtodactylus agusanensis Sceloporus dugesii Sceloporus formosus Anadia marmorata Cordylus nyikae Cordylus vittifer Gonocephalus mjobergi Japalura yunnanensis Pseudocophotis sumatrana Saltuarius moritzi Celestus duquesneyi Celestus scansorius Cyclodomorphus venustus Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus Liolaemus zullyae Lialis burtonis Celestus bivittatus Urostrophus vautieri Phyllurus platurus Saltuarius kateae Underwoodisaurus milii Eremias arguta Eremias grammica Eremias quadrifrons Gastropholis echinata Podarcis gaigeae Ceratophora stoddartii Liolaemus chillanensis Liolaemus lutzae Liolaemus monticola Liolaemus puelche Liolaemus quilmes Liolaemus umbrifer Anolis vanzolinii Cnemidophorus leucopsammus Amphiglossus johannae Lacertoides pardalis Madascincus polleni Tropidophorus latiscutatus Stenocercus cadlei Stenocercus melanopygus Stenocercus ornatus Stenocercus varius Tropidurus pinima Gekko takouensis Paroedura masobe Mabuya grandisterrae Archaius tigris Furcifer minor Cnemidophorus duellmani Cophosaurus texanus Sceloporus cautus Sceloporus graciosus Uma paraphygas Lepidophyma occulor Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis Cyrtodactylus nigriocularis Liolaemus ubaghsi Trioceros wiedersheimi Tarentola parvicarinata Eumeces cholistanensis Anolis mirus Blaesodactylus ambonihazo Cyrtodactylus slowinskii Phelsuma edwardnewtoni Ptychozoon kuhli Liolaemus ceii Liolaemus irregularis Tribolonotus gracilis Tribolonotus novaeguineae Enyalius perditus Phymaturus felixi Gekko rossi Aspidoscelis deppei Aspidoscelis mexicana Aspidoscelis sonorae Stenocercus chinchaoensis Tropidurus insulanus Trachylepis atlantica Cyrtodactylus astrum Phrynosoma ditmarsi Phrynosoma goodei Phrynosoma taurus Sceloporus tristichus Liolaemus tregenzai Phyllurus caudiannulatus Gekko canaensis Liolaemus fabiani Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi Hemidactylus acanthopholis Diploglossus legnotus Liolaemus inti Leiocephalus macropus Tropidophorus boehmei Brachysaura minor Ceratophora tennentii Ctenophorus decresii Ctenophorus vadnappa Diporiphora magna Mantheyus phuwuanensis Phrynocephalus przewalskii Phrynocephalus roborowskii Pseudocalotes poilani Pseudotrapelus aqabensis Varanus sparnus Cyrtodactylus boreoclivus Lialis jicari Liolaemus choique Bradypodion ventrale Medopheos edracanthus Abronia ochoterenai Phyllurus amnicola Oedura filicipoda Ophisaurus koellikeri Silvascincus tryoni Tarentola protogigas Stenocercus angel Liolaemus andinus Liolaemus escarchadosi Liolaemus melanogaster Sceloporus undulatus Liolaemus frassinettii Ctenophorus mirrityana Phelsuma sundbergi Thecadactylus oskrobapreinorum Enyalioides azulae Anolis maculigula Phrynocephalus maculatus Acanthodactylus grandis Potamites strangulatus Bradypodion thamnobates Kinyongia xenorhina Trioceros werneri Sphenomorphus indicus Anomalopus verreauxi Dopasia ludovici Ophisaurus compressus Pseudothecadactylus lindneri Hemidactylus graniticolus Ptyctolaemus collicristatus Brachymeles taylori yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Xantusiidae Phyllodactylidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Agamidae Phyllodactylidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Cadeidae Scincidae Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Scincidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Carphodactylidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gymnophthalmidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Carphodactylidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Xenosauridae Liolaemidae Pygopodidae Diploglossidae Leiosauridae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Carphodactylidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Xantusiidae Eublepharidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Leiosauridae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Scincidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Eublepharidae Gekkonidae Diploglossidae Liolaemidae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Varanidae Gekkonidae Pygopodidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Anguidae Carphodactylidae Diplodactylidae Anguidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Hoplocercidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Lacertidae Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Anguidae Anguidae Diplodactylidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Scincidae 103.0 94.8 108.0 105.2 97.0 87.4 95.0 105.4 176.0 176.0 280.0 100.9 91.0 97.0 105.7 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 84.0 84.0 260.0 87.8 103.0 109.0 88.4 101.2 88.4 106.0 88.0 88.0 94.9 95.0 95.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 109.3 111.0 111.0 101.5 103.0 88.8 300.0 111.4 108.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.5 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 104.0 92.0 102.0 102.0 102.0 102.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 107.0 107.0 102.1 100.0 100.0 92.2 89.0 89.0 89.0 89.0 145.0 104.0 107.5 89.6 100.5 97.0 102.7 105.0 108.0 108.0 108.0 108.0 90.0 90.0 103.0 103.0 93.0 85.2 108.2 93.0 93.0 93.0 86.0 86.0 103.1 108.3 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.2 112.0 108.5 90.3 105.0 108.6 113.0 90.4 95.0 103.5 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 116.4 109.0 314.0 90.7 102.0 93.8 113.5 113.0 106.0 183.3 104.0 98.5 87.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.1 90.7 110.0 99.0 96.0 107.0 91.0 103.0 98.0 103.0 103.0 103.0 104.7 185.0 195.0 195.0 107.0 110.6 91.3 105.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Xantusiidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Amphisbaenia Legged Scincidae Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless lizards Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Xenosauridae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Pygopodidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Leiosauridae** Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Xantusiidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Leiosauridae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Iguania Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Pygopodidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Teiidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Lacertidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae -4.796 -4.482 -3.445 -4.242 -4.559 -4.686 -4.482 -4.242 -4.207 -4.207 -5.858 -5.125 -4.747 -4.783 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -4.207 -4.686 -4.804 -3.445 -4.678 -5.125 -4.678 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -5.178 -5.747 -5.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.445 -5.765 -5.765 -5.125 -5.833 -4.678 -2.039 -5.765 -5.296 -3.445 -3.445 -3.445 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.686 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.574 -4.747 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.747 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.796 -5.201 -4.242 -4.678 -3.997 -4.482 -5.125 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.296 -5.040 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -3.884 -3.884 -5.125 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.678 -3.445 -4.242 -4.678 -5.201 -4.242 -5.765 -4.678 -5.033 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.301 -4.242 -2.039 -4.678 -3.997 -4.747 -5.765 -3.445 -4.804 -4.207 -5.125 -4.482 -3.884 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -3.855 -4.678 -4.686 -4.242 -4.482 -5.033 -4.574 -4.686 -4.543 -5.178 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -4.207 -5.224 -5.224 -4.804 -4.242 -4.686 -5.125 3.048 2.945 2.353 2.761 2.970 3.105 2.945 2.761 2.472 2.472 2.943 3.229 3.110 3.085 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.300 3.105 3.057 2.353 3.097 3.229 3.097 2.761 2.677 2.677 3.302 3.589 3.589 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.353 3.480 3.480 3.229 3.571 3.097 1.371 3.480 3.389 2.353 2.353 2.353 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.105 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.942 3.110 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.761 2.761 3.229 2.680 2.680 3.110 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.048 3.255 2.761 3.097 2.680 2.945 3.229 2.942 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.389 3.323 2.761 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.719 2.719 3.229 2.761 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.097 2.353 2.761 3.097 3.255 2.761 3.480 3.097 3.243 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.235 2.761 1.371 3.097 2.680 3.110 3.480 2.353 3.057 2.472 3.229 2.945 2.719 3.097 3.097 3.097 2.677 3.097 3.105 2.761 2.945 3.243 2.942 3.105 2.951 3.302 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 2.472 2.892 2.892 3.057 2.761 3.105 3.229 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 21.8 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.1 22.1 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.8 22.8 22.8 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.9 23.9 23.9 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.4 24.4 24.4 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.9 24.9 24.9 24.9 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.2 25.2 25.2 yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no Lepidophyma reticulatum NA Orraya occultus Gehyra barea Teratoscincus przewalskii Ptyctolaemus gularis Phyllopezus pollicaris NA NA NA NA NA Aspidoscelis sexlineatus Tracheloptychus petersi NA Ctenotus fallens NA Ctenotus rubicundus Ctenotus saxatilis NA NA NA Cyclodina whitakeri Tropidophorus cocincinensis Stenocercus apurimacus Stenocercus torquatus Acontias gracilicauda NA NA Saltuarius wyberba Liolaemus nigroviridis NA Liolaemus morenoi Cyrtodactylus agusanensis Sceloporus dugesii Sceloporus formosus NA NA Cordylus vittifer NA NA NA Saltuarius moritzi NA NA NA NA Liolaemus zullyi Lialis burtonis NA Urostrophus vautieri Phyllurus platurus Saltuarius kateae Underwoodisaurus milii Eremias arguta Eremias grammica NA NA Podarcis gaigeae Ceratophora stoddartii NA Liolaemus lutzae Liolaemus monticola NA Liolaemus quilmes Liolaemus umbrifer Anolis vanzolinii NA NA Lacertoides pardalis Madascincus intermedius Tropidophorus latiscutatus NA Stenocercus melanopygus Stenocercus ornatus Stenocercus varius NA NA Paroedura masobe NA NA Furcifer minor NA Cophosaurus texanus Sceloporus cautus Sceloporus graciosus Uma paraphygas Lepidophyma occulor NA NA NA Chamaeleo wiedersheimi NA NA NA NA NA Phelsuma edwardnewtoni Ptychozoon kuhli Liolaemus ceii Liolaemus irregularis Tribolonotus gracilis Tribolonotus novaeguineae NA NA NA Aspidoscelis deppei NA NA NA Tropidurus insulanus Trachylepis atlantica NA Phrynosoma ditmarsi NA Phrynosoma taurus NA NA NA NA Liolaemus fabiani Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ctenophorus decresii Ctenophorus vadnappa Diporiphora magna Mantheyus phuwuanensis Phrynocephalus przewalskii NA NA NA NA NA Lialis jicari NA Bradypodion ventrale NA NA Phyllurus amnicola Oedura filicipoda Ophisaurus koellikeri Eulamprus tryoni NA Stenocercus angel Liolaemus andinus Liolaemus escarchadosi NA Sceloporus undulatus NA NA Phelsuma sundbergi NA NA Anolis maculigula NA NA NA Bradypodion thamnobates Kinyongia xenorhina Chamaeleo werneri Sphenomorphus indicus Anomalopus verreauxi NA NA Pseudothecadactylus lindneri NA Ptyctolaemus collicristatus NA Ctenotus spaldingi Egernia richardi Plestiodon elegans Sphenomorphus cinereus Trachylepis septemtaeniata Stenocercus lache Stenocercus simonsii Stenocercus squarrosus Stenocercus tricristatus Uracentron azureum Calotes htunwini Aspidoscelis ceralbensis Liolaemus archeforus Liolaemus dicktracyi Liolaemus disjunctus Liolaemus gallardoi Liolaemus zabalai Emoia mokolahi Bradypodion pumilum Abronia deppii Abronia martindelcampoi Celestus enneagrammus Cyrtodactylus bintangtinggi Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Ptyodactylus ragazzii Calotes pethiyagodai Furcifer polleni Trioceros feae Agama hartmanni Lophocalotes ludekingi Pseudotrapelus jensvindumi Typhlosaurus vermis Anadia brevifrontalis Amphiglossus gastrostictus Amphiglossus valhallae Emoia lawesi Mabuya guadeloupae Stenocercus formosus Cyrtodactylus hoskini Brachymeles tungaoi Liolaemus capillitas Liolaemus nigromaculatus Chamaeleo anchietae Trioceros fuelleborni Spondylurus spilonotus Acanthodactylus schmidti Nephrurus asper Anolis kunayalae Liolaemus crandalli Varanus kingorum Varanus primordius Brachymeles boulengeri Brachymeles mindorensis Chondrodactylus angulifer Cyrtodactylus murua Sceloporus licki Sceloporus stejnegeri Egernia formosa Spondylurus magnacruzae Tiliqua adelaidensis Trachylepis punctatissima Trachylepis sechellensis Stenocercus arndti Stenocercus bolivarensis Stenocercus quinarius Stenocercus trachycephalus Tropidurus arenarius Liolaemus pachecoi Cordylus cordylus Larutia larutensis Abronia oaxacae Liolaemus albiceps Liolaemus bellii Cyrtodactylus wallacei Trapelus agnetae Oedura marmorata Anisolepis grilli Liolaemus huayra Lepidophyma micropholis Pristidactylus volcanensis Liolaemus juanortizi Phrynosoma platyrhinos Sceloporus lunae Urosaurus irregularis Japalura major Agama armata Agama montana Diporiphora amphiboluroides Pseudocalotes cybelidermus Eutropis macrophthalma Silvascincus murrayi Trachylepis infralineata Trachylepis sparsa Oplurus fierinensis Cyrtodactylus bintangrendah Stenocercus erythrogaster Stenocercus fimbriatus Liolaemus elongatus Anolis microtus Cyrtodactylus batik Leiosaurus jaguaris Cyrtodactylus phuketensis Abronia fuscolabialis Liolaemus ramonensis Xenosaurus mendozai Liolaemus anomalus Liolaemus ditadai Liolaemus scrocchii Liolaemus valdesianus Emoia trossula Saltuarius eximius Phelsuma kochi Goniurosaurus liboensis Phymaturus excelsus Tarentola deserti Lepidophyma smithii Anisolepis longicauda Leiocephalus stictigaster Alinea luciae Copeoglossum aurae Varzea bistriata Phymaturus payuniae Chalcides mertensi Coeranoscincus reticulatus Anolis apollinaris Anolis ginaelisae Agama rueppelli Ctenophorus ornatus Diporiphora superba Gonocephalus interruptus Salea horsfieldii Trapelus rubrigularis Eurolophosaurus divaricatus Stenocercus scapularis Tropidurus bogerti Tropidurus montanus Uroplatus sameiti Liolaemus flavipiceus Coeranoscincus frontalis Gallotia atlantica Ailuronyx seychellensis Cyrtodactylus russelli Pseudocalotes guttalineatus Nephrurus sheai Lepidophyma sylvaticum Draco maximus Sphenomorphus incognitus Ameiva aggerecusans Phrynosoma orbiculare Sceloporus occidentalis Diploglossus atitlanensis Gekko nutaphandi Amphiglossus macrocercus Ctenotus australis Egernia eos Egernia epsisolus Liopholis pulchra Lygosoma guentheri Tropidophorus brookei Stenocercus caducus Stenocercus prionotus Liolaemus punmahuida Ctenophorus fionni Ctenophorus gibba Tropidophorus noggei Gastropholis vittata Liolaemus patriciaiturrae Sceloporus druckercolini Ptyodactylus hasselquistii Pinoyscincus jagori Eublepharis hardwickii Abronia lythrochila Abronia meledona Abronia vasconcelosii yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Agamidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Anguidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Gekkonidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Gymnophthalmidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Carphodactylidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Varanidae Varanidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Scincidae Anguidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Leiosauridae Liolaemidae Xantusiidae Leiosauridae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Opluridae Gekkonidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Leiosauridae Gekkonidae Anguidae Liolaemidae Xenosauridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Carphodactylidae Gekkonidae Eublepharidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Xantusiidae Leiosauridae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Carphodactylidae Xantusiidae Agamidae Scincidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Lacertidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae Scincidae Eublepharidae Anguidae Anguidae Anguidae 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 91.4 95.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 105.2 103.6 115.0 115.0 115.0 111.1 100.0 100.0 91.8 104.0 104.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 278.0 99.2 106.0 106.0 106.0 106.0 89.0 112.0 106.2 93.0 93.0 105.0 105.0 106.5 105.0 117.0 109.3 93.4 120.0 120.0 106.8 106.8 113.0 113.0 94.0 94.0 107.0 107.0 107.0 107.0 107.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 93.8 100.0 191.0 117.0 94.0 94.0 113.6 93.5 110.0 97.0 94.3 111.0 97.1 94.4 95.0 95.0 95.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 99.0 94.0 108.0 108.0 108.0 108.0 100.0 114.4 91.0 91.0 94.7 111.0 114.6 111.0 114.7 118.0 94.9 109.2 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 108.5 120.0 115.0 110.3 89.7 103.3 112.0 98.0 100.0 109.0 109.0 109.0 90.0 195.0 195.0 112.0 112.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 92.0 115.7 95.8 290.0 108.0 116.0 116.0 95.3 121.4 113.0 153.0 109.7 99.3 97.0 97.0 119.5 116.8 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 93.0 93.0 96.5 96.0 96.0 110.2 109.0 96.6 97.5 105.0 110.3 112.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Limbless lizards Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Varanidae Varanidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae leg reduced lizards legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leiosauridae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Xantusiidae Leiosauridae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Opluridae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Leiosauridae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Xenosauridae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Xantusiidae Leiosauridae** Iguania Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Xantusiidae Draco** Legged Scincidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.686 -4.747 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -3.997 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -4.242 -4.482 -4.482 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.207 -5.178 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -4.242 -5.125 -4.678 -4.678 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -4.543 -3.445 -4.574 -4.678 -5.301 -5.301 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -3.855 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -5.747 -4.207 -5.765 -4.678 -4.678 -4.242 -4.686 -4.804 -5.296 -4.678 -4.796 -5.296 -4.678 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -6.439 -4.242 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -4.574 -4.242 -5.296 -4.242 -5.765 -4.678 -5.833 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -3.445 -4.242 -5.201 -5.040 -4.482 -4.796 -5.296 -5.033 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.040 -4.207 -4.207 -4.574 -4.574 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.242 -4.678 -4.207 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -3.445 -4.796 -4.310 -5.125 -4.747 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.543 -4.678 -3.855 -4.482 -5.125 -5.201 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.105 3.110 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 2.680 3.480 3.480 3.480 2.761 2.945 2.945 3.105 2.680 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.300 3.302 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.761 3.229 3.097 3.097 2.680 2.680 3.229 2.951 2.353 2.942 3.097 3.235 3.235 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.677 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.097 3.589 2.472 3.480 3.097 3.097 2.761 3.105 3.057 3.389 3.097 3.048 3.389 3.097 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.940 2.761 2.719 2.719 3.097 2.942 2.761 3.389 2.761 3.480 3.097 3.571 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 2.353 2.761 3.255 3.323 2.945 3.048 3.389 3.243 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.323 2.472 2.472 2.942 2.942 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.761 3.097 2.300 2.951 2.761 2.761 3.105 2.353 3.048 2.642 3.229 3.110 2.677 2.677 3.480 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 3.097 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.951 3.097 2.677 2.945 3.229 3.255 3.480 3.480 3.480 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.8 25.8 25.8 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.4 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.6 26.6 26.6 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.9 27.0 27.0 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.4 27.4 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.8 27.9 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.7 28.7 28.8 28.8 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no yes no no no no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes no no no yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes no no Ctenotus spaldingi Egernia richardi Plestiodon elegans NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Calotes htunwini Aspidoscelis ceralbensis Liolaemus archeforus Liolaemus dicktracy NA Liolaemus gallardoi NA NA Bradypodion pumilum NA NA Celestus enneagrammus NA Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Ptyodactylus ragazzii NA Furcifer polleni Chamaeleo feae NA NA NA Typhlosaurus vermis NA NA NA NA NA Stenocercus formosus NA NA Liolaemus capillitas Liolaemus nigromaculatus NA Chamaeleo fuelleborni NA Acanthodactylus schmidti Nephrurus asper NA NA Varanus kingorum Varanus primordius Brachymeles boulengeri NA Chondrodactylus angulifer NA Sceloporus licki Sceloporus stejnegeri NA NA Tiliqua adelaidensis NA Trachylepis seychellensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Cordylus cordylus NA Abronia oaxacae Liolaemus albiceps Liolaemus bellii NA Trapelus pallidus Oedura marmorata NA NA Lepidophyma micropholis NA NA Phrynosoma platyrhinos NA NA NA Agama armata NA Caimanops amphiboluroides NA Mabuya macrophthalma Eulamprus murrayi NA NA Oplurus fierinensis NA NA NA Liolaemus elongatus Anolis microtus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tarentola deserti Lepidophyma smithii Anisolepis longicauda NA NA NA Mabuya bistriata NA NA Coeranoscincus reticulatus NA NA Agama rueppelli Ctenophorus ornatus Diporiphora superba NA Salea horsfieldii NA Eurolophosaurus divaricatus Stenocercus scapularis Tropidurus bogerti Tropidurus montanus NA NA Coeranoscincus frontalis Gallotia atlantica Ailuronyx seychellensis NA NA Nephrurus sheai Lepidophyma sylvaticum Draco maximus NA NA Phrynosoma orbiculare Sceloporus occidentalis NA NA Amphiglossus macrocercus Ctenotus australis NA NA Egernia pulchra NA Tropidophorus brookei Stenocercus caducus NA NA Ctenophorus fionni Ctenophorus gibba Tropidophorus noggei Gastropholis vittata NA NA Ptyodactylus hasselquistii Sphenomorphus jagori NA Abronia lythrochila NA NA Coloptychon rhombifer Elgaria paucicarinata Xenosaurus rectocollaris Cnemidophorus gaigei Acontias meleagris Gekko remotus Calumma hafahafa Calumma peltierorum Trioceros hoehnelii Sceloporus ornatus Xenagama wilmsi Phymaturus etheridgei Anolis agassizi Anolis casildae Cyrtodactylus malayanus Liolaemus vulcanus Gekko crombota Sceloporus malachiticus Phelsuma grandis Eumeces blythianus Liopholis guthega Liopholis montana Oligosoma lineoocellatum Microlophus thoracicus Stenocercus variabilis Goniurosaurus catbaensis Gastropholis prasina Latastia longicaudata Pristidactylus fasciatus Liolaemus gununakuna Neusticurus racenisi Neusticurus tatei Calotes bachae Ctenophorus rufescens Diploglossus delasagra Diploglossus nigropunctatus Phymaturus calcogaster Xenosaurus penai Ameiva nodam Aspidoscelis exsanguis Aspidoscelis flagellicauda Kentropyx borckiana Sceloporus acanthinus Sceloporus insignis Anolis biporcatus Liolaemus nigriceps Tropidurus psammonastes Liolaemus leopardinus Chalcides pseudostriatus Amphiglossus melanurus Geoscincus haraldmeieri Liopholis modesta Liopholis striata Lioscincus nigrofasciolatum Trachylepis boulengeri Trachylepis comorensis Tumbunascincus luteilateralis Stenocercus crassicaudatus Stenocercus ochoai Tropidurus itambere Gallotia caesaris Nucras ornata Nucras taeniolata Varanus brevicauda Liolaemus sarmientoi Tropidophorus misaminius Phymaturus sitesi Calumma amber Pseudothecadactylus cavaticus Phymaturus nevadoi Japalura dymondi Lophognathus maculilabris Cyrtodactylus jelawangensis Ophiodes yacupoi Phymaturus spurcus Liolaemus shitan Sceloporus internasalis Sceloporus lundelli Sceloporus salvini Uma exsul Cyrtodactylus derongo Gehyra serraticauda Gekko athymus Phelsuma madagascariensis Anolis fraseri Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus Liolaemus melanops Cyrtodactylus timur Brachymeles gracilis Copeoglossum nigropunctatum Liopholis whitii Lioscincus steindachneri Trachylepis striata Stenocercus angulifer Stenocercus guentheri Stenocercus santander Trioceros tempeli Cordylus rivae Trapelus mutabilis Lepidophyma chicoasensis Xantusia riversiana Anadia pulchella Liolaemus jamesi Ophisaurus ceroni Pseudocalotes floweri Petrosaurus slevini Sceloporus angustus Mochlus productum Brachymeles vindumi Phymaturus delheyi Sceloporus aureolus Liolaemus shehuen Liolaemus canqueli Liolaemus kingii Liolaemus orientalis Liolaemus sagei Chalcides colosii Copeoglossum arajara Madascincus stumpffi Oligosoma macgregori Trachylepis cristinae Trachylepis polytropis Stenocercus chota Stenocercus limitaris Hemidactylus giganteus Hemidactylus maculatus Phymaturus aguedae Phymaturus castillensis Cyrtodactylus trilatofasciatus Anolis loveridgei Hoplocercus spinosus Pseudocordylus langi Sceloporus albiventris Sceloporus omiltemanus Calotes liocephalus Calotes liolepis Hypsilurus geelvinkianus Japalura splendida Trapelus tournevillei Liolaemus petrophilus Anolis inderenae Phymaturus yachanana Pristidactylus araucanus Calumma crypticum Kinyongia carpenteri Ameiva atrata Lacerta agilis Cyrtodactylus adorus Homopholis walbergii Uroplatus sikorae Concinnia amplus Oligosoma infrapunctatum Trachylepis aurata Trachylepis occidentalis Liolaemus puritamensis Stenocercus rhodomelas Tropidurus callathelys Carphodactylus laevis Ptyodactylus homolepis Tarentola pastoria Phymaturus videlai Brachymeles orientalis Phymaturus ceii Liolaemus xanthoviridis Xenagama batillifera Abronia aurita Barisia herrerae Ophiodes vertebralis Chalcides chalcides Chalcides striatus Goniurosaurus huuliensis Cordylus tropidosternum Agama parafricana yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Anguidae Anguidae Xenosauridae Teiidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Eublepharidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Leiosauridae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Liolaemidae Xenosauridae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Varanidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Diploglossidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Chamaeleonidae Cordylidae Agamidae Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Anguidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Hoplocercidae Cordylidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Leiosauridae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Carphodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Anguidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Scincidae Eublepharidae Cordylidae Agamidae 120.0 120.0 111.0 100.0 295.0 117.5 110.0 110.0 110.1 98.0 96.5 91.4 114.0 114.0 117.8 97.2 117.9 98.2 118.0 111.0 111.0 111.0 111.0 94.0 94.0 112.8 110.0 110.0 100.0 97.5 105.0 104.0 97.0 97.0 121.0 121.0 92.0 112.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 99.0 99.0 115.0 98.0 94.9 98.2 202.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 111.0 111.0 111.0 126.0 98.4 112.2 92.6 112.0 115.0 92.7 98.0 98.0 119.8 211.0 92.8 98.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 116.0 120.1 120.1 99.0 120.5 113.0 113.0 113.0 113.0 113.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 113.0 105.0 98.8 117.0 117.0 105.9 99.5 213.0 99.0 101.0 101.0 113.5 113.6 93.7 101.2 99.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 97.0 97.0 122.0 122.0 94.2 94.2 122.2 118.0 105.0 106.0 102.0 102.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.6 118.3 94.5 103.0 115.0 115.0 104.0 114.0 123.0 123.0 123.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 101.0 98.0 98.0 130.0 110.0 110.0 94.9 115.2 95.0 101.2 100.6 125.0 125.0 217.0 210.0 210.0 117.3 107.0 101.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Xenosauridae** Teiidae Limbless lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Leiosauridae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Xenosauridae** Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 leg reduced lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Varanidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Xantusiidae Xantusiidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Legged Cordylidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Leiosauridae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** -5.765 -5.765 -5.833 -4.747 -4.207 -4.242 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -3.855 -4.686 -5.040 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.678 -4.242 -3.855 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -5.201 -4.543 -4.543 -5.296 -4.678 -5.178 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -5.765 -5.040 -5.833 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -3.855 -3.855 -4.574 -4.678 -3.884 -4.678 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.301 -4.678 -5.125 -5.040 -3.997 -4.804 -5.040 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -5.224 -5.040 -4.678 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.997 -5.747 -4.686 -4.796 -4.796 -5.178 -4.678 -5.224 -4.686 -3.855 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.040 -3.855 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -4.242 -4.242 -5.040 -5.040 -4.242 -4.574 -5.033 -5.747 -3.855 -3.855 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.678 -4.574 -5.040 -5.296 -3.997 -3.997 -4.747 -4.543 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.678 -3.884 -3.884 -3.445 -4.482 -4.482 -5.040 -5.125 -5.040 -4.678 -4.686 -5.765 -5.765 -5.224 -4.207 -4.207 -5.201 -5.747 -4.686 3.480 3.480 3.571 3.110 2.300 2.761 2.680 2.680 2.680 2.677 3.105 3.323 2.942 2.942 2.761 3.097 2.761 2.677 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 3.255 2.951 2.951 3.389 3.097 3.302 3.302 3.105 3.105 3.480 3.480 3.323 3.571 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.677 2.677 2.942 3.097 2.719 3.097 2.472 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.951 2.951 2.951 3.235 3.097 3.229 3.323 2.680 3.057 3.323 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.892 3.323 3.097 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.677 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 2.761 2.761 3.097 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.680 3.589 3.105 3.048 3.048 3.302 3.097 2.892 3.105 2.677 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.323 2.677 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.761 2.761 3.323 3.323 2.761 2.942 3.243 3.589 2.677 2.677 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.097 2.942 3.323 3.389 2.680 2.680 3.110 2.951 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.097 2.719 2.719 2.353 2.945 2.945 3.323 3.229 3.323 3.097 3.105 3.480 3.480 2.892 2.472 2.472 3.255 3.589 3.105 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.54 1.54 1.54 29.5 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.8 29.8 29.8 29.9 29.9 29.9 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.6 30.6 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.8 30.8 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.8 31.9 31.9 31.9 31.9 31.9 31.9 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.0 33.1 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.9 33.9 33.9 33.9 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.2 34.2 34.4 34.4 34.5 yes yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes no Coloptychon rhombifer Elgaria paucicarinata NA NA Acontias meleagris NA NA NA Chamaeleo hoehnelii Sceloporus ornatus NA NA Anolis agassizi Anolis casildae NA NA Gekko crombota Sceloporus malachiticus NA NA Egernia guthega Egernia montana Oligosoma lineoocellatum Microlophus thoracicus NA Goniurosaurus catbaensis Gastropholis prasina Latastia longicaudata NA NA NA NA NA Ctenophorus rufescens NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sceloporus insignis Anolis biporcatus NA Tropidurus psammonastes Liolaemus leopardinus Chalcides pseudostriatus Amphiglossus melanurus NA Egernia modesta Egernia striata Lioscincus nigrofasciolatum NA NA Eulamprus luteilateralis Stenocercus crassicaudatus Stenocercus ochoai Tropidurus itambere Gallotia caesaris NA NA Varanus brevicauda Liolaemus sarmientoi Tropidophorus misaminius NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sceloporus lundelli NA Uma exsul NA NA Gekko athymus Phelsuma madagascariensis Anolis fraseri NA NA Liolaemus melanops NA Brachymeles gracilis Mabuya nigropunctata Egernia whitii Lioscincus steindachneri Trachylepis striata Stenocercus angulifer Stenocercus guentheri NA Chamaeleo tempeli NA Trapelus mutabilis NA Xantusia riversiana NA NA NA NA NA Sceloporus angustus NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus canqueli Liolaemus kingii Liolaemus orientalis NA Chalcides colosii NA Madascincus stumpffi Cyclodina macgregori NA NA Stenocercus chota Stenocercus limitaris Hemidactylus giganteus Hemidactylus maculatus NA NA NA Anolis loveridgei Hoplocercus spinosus Cordylus langi NA NA Calotes liocephalus Calotes liolepis NA Japalura splendida NA Liolaemus petrophilus Anolis inderenae NA NA Calumma crypticum Kinyongia carpenteri NA Lacerta agilis NA Homopholis walbergii Uroplatus sikorae Eulamprus amplus Oligosoma infrapunctatum Trachylepis aurata Trachylepis occidentalis NA Stenocercus rhodomelas Tropidurus callathelys Carphodactylus laevis NA NA NA NA NA Liolaemus xanthoviridis NA Abronia aurita Barisia herrerae NA Chalcides chalcides Chalcides striatus NA Cordylus tropidosternum NA Pseudotrapelus dhofarensis Ameiva fuliginosa Ameiva taeniura Enyalius bibronii Lamprolepis smaragdina Liopholis margaretae Mabuya mabouya Oligosoma oliveri Sphenomorphus jobiensis Trachylepis planifrons Stenocercus huancabambae Stenocercus iridescens Anolis aequatorialis Anolis petersii Liolaemus dorbignyi Liolaemus tari Emoia sanfordi Elgaria velazquezi Furcifer major Holcosus orcesi Cyrtodactylus consobrinus Leiocephalus schreibersii Gastropholis tropidopholis Cyrtodactylus pulchellus Acanthocercus guentherpetersi Paralaudakia badakhshana Ameiva jacuba Pseudothecadactylus australis Anolis ferreus Anolis princeps Amphiglossus splendidus Dasia griffini Egernia depressa Eugongylus mentovarius Plestiodon gilberti Microlophus duncanensis Plica lumaria Plica umbra Stenocercus imitator Stenocercus praeornatus Tropidurus semitaeniatus Enyalius bilineatus Sceloporus melanorhinus Liolaemus forsteri Abronia campbelli Barisia rudicollis Celestus costatus Agama lanzai Hemicordylus capensis Egernia cygnitos Saltuarius swaini Liolaemus curis Aristelliger georgeensis Agama somalica Leiocephalus personatus Polychrus femoralis Anguis graeca Heterodactylus imbricatus Liolaemus chehuachekenk Aspidoscelis marmorata Aspidoscelis neotesselata Aspidoscelis tesselata Kentropyx viridistriga Liolaemus melaniceps Stenocercus roseiventris Emoia samoensis Eugongylus unilineatus Eurylepis poonaensis Oligosoma grande Pseudocalotes kingdonwardi Kinyongia vosseleri Petrosaurus mearnsi Sceloporus jarrovii Coleonyx elegans Nephrurus amyae Liolaemus austromendocinus Liolaemus pictus Varanus caudolineatus Liolaemus rothi Teratoscincus keyserlingii Liolaemus cuyanus Anolis leachii Furcifer belalandaensis Furcifer viridis Stenocercus festae Psammophilus blanfordanus Brachymeles schadenbergi Egernia striolata Plestiodon coreensis Cnemidophorus nigricolor Sceloporus edwardtaylori Hemidactylus aaronbaueri Chamaeleo necasi Tropidophorus grayi Trachylepis dichroma Pseudocalotes khaonanensis Phymaturus aguanegra Phyllopezus maranjonensis Corytophanes percarinatus Leiocephalus psammodromus Morunasaurus groi Phymaturus cacivioi Stenocercus empetrus Oplurus saxicola Chalcides lanzai Cyclodomorphus branchialis Eutropis rudis Eutropis trivittata Lygosoma koratense Sphenomorphus woodfordi Trachylepis margaritifera Tropidophorus baconi Tropidoscincus aubrianus Agama sylvana Ctenophorus caudicinctus Aeluroscalabotes felinus Abronia fimbriata Lacerta pamphylica Nucras lalandii Xenosaurus agrenon Xenosaurus rackhami Tropidurus jaguaribanus Liolaemus chiliensis Liolaemus nitidus Trioceros montium Anolis bimaculatus Anolis danieli Anolis purpurescens Anolis squamulatus Homopholis arnoldi Gekko taylori Liolaemus casamiquelai Callisaurus draconoides Chalcides bottegi Copeoglossum margaritae Ctenotus borealis Cyclodomorphus celatus Egernia pilbarensis Sphenomorphus fasciatus Sphenomorphus praesignis Trachylepis makolowodei Trachylepis pulcherrima Goniurosaurus luii Phrynosoma mcallii Aspidoscelis lineattissima Holcosus anomalus Bronchocela shenlong Crotaphytus grismeri Gehyra membranacruralis Xenosaurus platyceps Phymaturus indistinctus Phymaturus mallimaccii Phymaturus somuncurensis Rhacodactylus auriculatus Liolaemus lorenzmuelleri Smaug mossambicus Bronchocela rubrigularis Microlophus bivittatus Microlophus pacificus Microlophus tigris Phymaturus antofagastensis Liolaemus camarones Anguis incomptus Ctenotus grandis Calotes irawadi Phymaturus manuelae Perochirus scutellatus Calumma tsycorne Hypsilurus modestus Enyalioides anisolepis Feylinia currori Teratoscincus scincus Liolaemus antumalguen Cyrtodactylus pronarus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Agamidae Teiidae Teiidae Leiosauridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Anguidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Gekkonidae Leiocephalidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Leiosauridae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Anguidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Agamidae Cordylidae Scincidae Carphodactylidae Liolaemidae Sphaerodactylidae Agamidae Leiocephalidae Polychrotidae Anguidae Gymnophthalmidae Liolaemidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Eublepharidae Carphodactylidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Varanidae Liolaemidae Sphaerodactylidae Liolaemidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Corytophanidae Leiocephalidae Hoplocercidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Opluridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Eublepharidae Anguidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Xenosauridae Xenosauridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Eublepharidae Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Teiidae Agamidae Crotaphytidae Gekkonidae Xenosauridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Cordylidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Anguidae Scincidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Hoplocercidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae 101.0 105.0 105.0 108.2 116.0 116.0 116.0 116.0 116.0 116.0 99.0 99.0 120.0 135.0 102.0 102.0 116.2 126.0 117.0 105.6 125.0 107.0 116.0 125.2 102.0 102.0 106.0 120.0 121.0 121.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 105.0 105.0 103.0 127.0 127.0 127.0 102.5 108.5 117.5 134.0 103.4 115.0 102.8 108.0 108.0 222.0 110.0 103.6 107.0 107.0 107.0 107.0 103.7 101.0 118.0 118.0 118.0 118.0 103.1 119.0 106.0 106.0 120.0 135.0 104.0 104.0 133.0 104.2 116.0 104.3 123.0 120.0 120.0 102.0 104.0 119.0 119.0 119.0 108.0 107.0 128.3 120.5 119.3 119.5 104.5 98.5 115.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 98.7 103.0 109.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 105.0 105.0 122.0 130.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 103.4 106.0 106.0 122.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 130.0 130.2 106.2 109.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 121.0 122.8 109.2 112.0 110.0 106.0 99.0 131.0 121.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 125.0 107.0 126.0 106.4 105.0 105.0 105.0 100.4 107.4 231.0 122.0 106.8 100.5 132.0 124.0 107.0 130.0 340.0 120.0 107.8 132.5 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Teiidae Leiosauridae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Leiosauridae** Phrynosomatidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Legged Cordylidae Legged Scincidae Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Iguania Iguania Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Legged Gymnophthalmidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Varanidae Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Iguania Iguania Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Opluridae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Lacertidae Lacertidae Xenosauridae** Xenosauridae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Crotaphytidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Xenosauridae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Iguania Limbless lizards Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) -4.686 -4.747 -4.747 -5.296 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -4.574 -4.574 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.765 -3.997 -4.747 -4.242 -5.033 -4.543 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -4.804 -4.574 -4.574 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -5.296 -3.855 -4.678 -5.765 -5.765 -5.765 -4.686 -5.747 -5.125 -3.445 -4.678 -4.559 -4.686 -5.033 -5.033 -5.224 -5.178 -4.678 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.678 -3.884 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -3.997 -3.855 -3.855 -5.201 -3.445 -4.678 -4.678 -5.301 -4.678 -4.559 -4.678 -4.574 -3.997 -3.997 -3.884 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.747 -3.855 -4.242 -3.997 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -5.040 -4.482 -5.033 -5.033 -5.033 -5.040 -3.884 -6.439 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -5.201 -5.765 -4.543 -4.543 -5.833 -5.833 -3.884 -4.678 -4.678 -3.997 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.242 -4.242 -4.678 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.201 -3.855 -4.747 -4.747 -4.686 -1.528 -4.242 -5.833 -5.040 -5.040 -5.040 -4.804 -4.678 -5.747 -4.686 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -5.040 -4.678 -5.224 -5.125 -4.686 -5.040 -4.242 -3.997 -4.686 -5.033 -4.207 -4.559 -4.678 -4.242 3.105 3.110 3.110 3.389 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.942 2.942 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.480 2.680 3.110 2.761 3.243 2.951 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.110 3.057 2.942 2.942 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.389 2.677 3.097 3.480 3.480 3.480 3.105 3.589 3.229 2.353 3.097 2.970 3.105 3.243 3.243 2.892 3.302 3.097 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.097 2.719 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 2.680 2.677 2.677 3.255 2.353 3.097 3.097 3.235 3.097 2.970 3.097 2.942 2.680 2.680 2.719 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.110 2.677 2.761 2.680 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.323 2.945 3.243 3.243 3.243 3.323 2.719 3.940 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.255 3.480 2.951 2.951 3.571 3.571 2.719 3.097 3.097 2.680 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.761 2.761 3.097 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.255 2.677 3.110 3.110 3.105 1.569 2.761 3.571 3.323 3.323 3.323 3.057 3.097 3.589 3.105 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.323 3.097 2.892 3.229 3.105 3.323 2.761 2.680 3.105 3.145 2.300 2.970 3.097 2.761 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.6 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.9 34.9 34.9 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.2 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.5 36.5 36.6 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.8 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.1 37.3 37.4 37.4 37.5 37.6 37.6 37.7 37.7 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.8 38.0 38.0 38.1 38.3 38.3 38.4 38.6 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.9 38.9 39.0 39.0 39.1 39.1 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.7 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.8 40.8 40.8 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.9 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no no NA NA Ameiva taeniura NA Lamprolepis smaragdina Egernia margaretae Mabuya mabouya Cyclodina oliveri Sphenomorphus jobiensis NA NA Stenocercus iridescens Anolis aequatorialis NA Liolaemus dorbignyi Liolaemus tari NA NA NA NA Cyrtodactylus consobrinus Leiocephalus schreibersii NA Cyrtodactylus pulchellus NA NA NA NA Anolis ferreus Anolis princeps Amphiglossus splendidus NA Egernia depressa NA Plestiodon gilberti Microlophus duncanensis Plica lumaria Plica umbra Stenocercus imitator NA NA Enyalius bilineatus Sceloporus melanorhinus NA Abronia campbelli Barisia rudicollis NA NA Cordylus capensis NA Saltuarius swaini NA Aristelliger georgeensis NA Leiocephalus personatus Polychrus femoralis NA Heterodactylus imbricatus Liolaemus chehuachekenk Aspidoscelis marmoratus NA NA Kentropyx viridistriga NA Stenocercus roseiventris NA NA NA Oligosoma grande NA Kinyongia vosseleri Petrosaurus mearnsi Sceloporus jarrovii Coleonyx elegans Nephrurus amyae Liolaemus austromendocinus Liolaemus pictus Varanus caudolineatus Liolaemus rothi NA Liolaemus cuyanus Anolis leachii Furcifer belalandaensis NA Stenocercus festae NA Brachymeles schadenbergi NA NA NA Sceloporus edwardtaylori Hemidactylus aaronbaueri Chamaeleo necasi Tropidophorus grayi NA NA NA Phyllopezus maranjonensis Corytophanes percarinatus Leiocephalus psammodromus NA NA Stenocercus empetrus Oplurus saxicola Chalcides lanzai Cyclodomorphus branchialis Eutropis rudis Eutropis trivittata Lygosoma koratense NA Trachylepis margaritifera Tropidophorus baconi Tropidoscincus aubrianus NA Ctenophorus caudicinctus Aeluroscalabotes felinus Abronia fimbriata Lacerta pamphylica Nucras lalandii NA NA NA Liolaemus chiliensis Liolaemus nitidus Chamaeleo montium Anolis bimaculatus Anolis danieli NA NA NA NA NA Callisaurus draconoides NA NA NA NA NA Sphenomorphus fasciatus Sphenomorphus praesignis NA NA Goniurosaurus luii Phrynosoma mcallii Aspidoscelis lineattissimus NA NA Crotaphytus grismeri Gehyra membranacruralis Xenosaurus platyceps Phymaturus indistinctus Phymaturus mallimaccii Phymaturus somuncurensis Rhacodactylus auriculatus NA NA NA Microlophus bivittatus Microlophus pacificus Microlophus tigris Phymaturus antofagastensis NA NA Ctenotus grandis Calotes irawadi NA NA NA Hypsilurus modestus NA Feylinia currori Teratoscincus scincus NA NA Liolaemus signifer Platysaurus guttatus Enyalius catenatus Leiosaurus bellii Leiosaurus paronae Pristidactylus nigroiugulus Pristidactylus scapulatus Pristidactylus torquatus Plica rayi Anguis veronensis Ctenophorus reticulatus Eremiascincus fasciolatus Brachymeles makusog Phymaturus camilae Zonosaurus boettgeri Zonosaurus maramaintso Cyrtodactylus epiroticus Varanus storri Phymaturus laurenti Microlophus theresiae Stenocercus percultus Strobilurus torquatus Saltuarius salebrosus Phymaturus spectabilis Enyalius pictus Enyalioides altotambo Cnemidophorus lemniscatus Tarentola americana Cnemidophorus ruatanus Stenocercus aculeatus Stenocercus boettgeri Liolaemus fitzingerii Liolaemus zapallarensis Ctenotus robustus Mesoscincus managuae Mesoscincus schwartzei Oligosoma chloronoton Oligosoma waimatense Tribolonotus ponceleti Abronia anzuetoi Leiocephalus etheridgei Aspidoscelis xanthonota Kentropyx altamazonica Phymaturus bibronii Neusticurus bicarinatus Phrynosoma blainvillii Phrynosoma coronatum Sceloporus mucronatus Phymaturus vociferator Agama boueti Agama knobeli Agama paragama Bronchocela orlovi Pseudotrapelus sinaitus Anolis latifrons Tropidurus chromatops Tropidurus melanopleurus Liolaemus buergeri Ctenotus pantherinus Cyclodomorphus praealtus Oligosoma suteri Correlophus ciliatus Elgaria coerulea Phymaturus querque Phymaturus extrilidus Phymaturus sinervoi Sceloporus lineatulus Aspidoscelis angusticeps Aspidoscelis gularis Enyalioides rudolfarndti Karusasaurus polyzonus Acanthosaura lepidogaster Salea anamallayana Microlophus grayii Crotaphytus antiquus Cyrtodactylus louisiadensis Eremiascincus richardsonii Eulamprus quoyii Tropidophorus partelloi Trioceros ituriensis Trioceros johnstoni Phymaturus williamsi Microlophus tarapacensis Sceloporus bulleri Uma scoparia Chalcides ragazzii Cnemidophorus gramivagus Coryphophylax subcristatus Acanthocercus phillipsii Ctenophorus cristatus Phymaturus tromen Emoia nigra Sphenomorphus meyeri Trachylepis binotata Phymaturus alicahuense Goniurosaurus araneus Phrynosoma solare Sceloporus orcutti Abronia taeniata Eublepharis satpuraensis Cyrtodactylus tuberculatus Gekko badenii Gekko vittatus Ameiva dorsalis Plica medemi Stenocercus dumerilii Stenocercus humeralis Crotaphytus nebrius Enyalius leechii Phymaturus darwini Bronchocela smaragdina Laudakia agrorensis Phymaturus zapalensis Chalcides viridanus Plestiodon tamdaoensis Sceloporus horridus Anolis vermiculatus Lacerta bilineata Trapelus boehmei Neusticurus medemi Gonocephalus semperi Lophognathus longirostris Chalcides pulchellus Dasia grisea Dasia semicincta Lissolepis luctuosa Cyrtodactylus salomonensis Gehyra georgpotthasti Gehyra marginata Anolis griseus Elgaria kingii Thecadactylus rapicauda Thecadactylus solimoensis Liolaemus kriegi Phyllopezus periosus Kentropyx calcarata Correlophus sarasinorum Phymaturus roigorum Cyrtodactylus klugei Corytophanes hernandesii Uma rufopunctata Crotaphytus dickersonae Scincus albifasciatus Calumma malthe Agama doriae Agama kirkii Ctenophorus scutulatus Enyalius boulengeri Enyalius brasiliensis Anelytropsis papillosus Microlophus theresioides Crotaphytus bicinctores Xenosaurus phalaroanthereon Microlophus habelii Stenocercus puyango Tropidurus etheridgei Tropidurus guarani Ameivula ocellifera Dicrodon heterolepis Holcosus bridgesii Teius oculatus Sceloporus bimaculosus Larutia trifasciata Anolis garmani Phymaturus maulense Leiocephalus cubensis Cyclodomorphus melanops Eutropis andamanensis Pseudotrapelus chlodnickii Trapelus agilis Oplurus grandidieri Smaug depressus Kinyongia multituberculata Uma notata yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Liolaemidae Cordylidae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Tropiduridae Anguidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Gekkonidae Varanidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Carphodactylidae Liolaemidae Leiosauridae Hoplocercidae Teiidae Phyllodactylidae Teiidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Anguidae Leiocephalidae Teiidae Teiidae Liolaemidae Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Dactyloidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Diplodactylidae Anguidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Teiidae Hoplocercidae Cordylidae Agamidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Crotaphytidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Liolaemidae Tropiduridae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Eublepharidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Anguidae Eublepharidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Crotaphytidae Leiosauridae Liolaemidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Agamidae Gymnophthalmidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Dactyloidae Anguidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Liolaemidae Phyllodactylidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae Liolaemidae Gekkonidae Corytophanidae Phrynosomatidae Crotaphytidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Dibamidae Tropiduridae Crotaphytidae Xenosauridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Liolaemidae Leiocephalidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Opluridae Cordylidae Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae 108.0 113.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 106.0 233.0 108.0 123.4 123.5 101.7 120.0 120.0 134.0 139.0 101.9 107.0 107.0 107.0 144.0 102.0 111.0 132.0 113.0 120.0 113.4 108.0 108.0 110.0 110.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 135.0 115.0 114.0 114.0 103.1 117.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 103.2 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 110.0 131.0 109.0 109.0 111.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 130.0 136.0 103.8 103.9 103.9 115.0 115.0 115.0 116.0 116.0 111.0 111.0 110.0 108.6 138.0 127.0 127.0 127.0 130.0 130.0 104.5 110.4 116.0 116.0 127.4 116.0 111.8 112.0 112.0 105.2 128.0 128.0 128.0 105.3 130.0 117.0 117.0 138.0 130.1 140.0 140.0 140.0 117.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.0 115.0 105.8 113.0 113.0 106.0 129.0 129.0 118.0 135.0 130.0 113.7 121.0 114.0 114.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 142.0 142.0 142.0 136.0 140.0 126.0 126.0 115.0 126.3 119.0 135.0 107.4 143.0 120.0 120.0 116.0 131.0 135.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 117.0 117.0 375.0 114.7 117.0 130.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 120.0 124.0 120.0 120.0 121.0 250.0 138.0 108.3 121.0 132.0 132.0 116.0 116.0 118.0 120.8 137.0 122.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Cordylidae Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Varanidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Leiosauridae** Iguania Teiidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Teiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Iguania Teiidae Teiidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Gymnophthalmidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Teiidae Iguania Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Crotaphytidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Crotaphytidae** Leiosauridae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Gymnophthalmidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Liolaeumus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Teiidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Phrynosomatidae Crotaphytidae** Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Limbless lizards Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Crotaphytidae** Xenosauridae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae leg reduced lizards Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Iguania Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Opluridae Legged Cordylidae Chamaeleonidae Phrynosomatidae -4.678 -5.747 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -3.884 -5.224 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.040 -4.783 -4.783 -4.242 -5.301 -5.040 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.445 -5.040 -5.296 -5.033 -4.747 -4.482 -4.747 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.765 -5.033 -4.747 -4.747 -5.040 -5.178 -3.855 -3.855 -3.855 -5.040 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.574 -3.884 -3.884 -4.678 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.804 -5.765 -5.040 -5.040 -5.040 -3.855 -4.747 -4.747 -5.033 -5.747 -4.686 -4.686 -3.884 -1.528 -4.242 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -5.040 -3.884 -3.855 -3.855 -5.125 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.040 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.040 -5.201 -3.855 -3.855 -5.765 -5.201 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.747 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -1.528 -5.296 -5.040 -4.686 -4.686 -5.040 -5.125 -5.125 -3.855 -4.574 -4.543 -4.686 -5.178 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.574 -5.765 -4.482 -4.482 -4.678 -4.482 -4.747 -4.804 -5.040 -4.242 -5.033 -3.855 -1.528 -5.125 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.296 -5.296 -4.207 -3.884 -1.528 -5.833 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -3.884 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -3.855 -4.207 -4.574 -5.040 -5.033 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -6.439 -5.747 -3.997 -3.855 3.097 3.589 3.389 3.389 3.389 3.389 3.389 3.389 2.719 2.892 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.323 3.085 3.085 2.761 3.235 3.323 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.353 3.323 3.389 3.145 3.110 2.945 3.110 2.719 2.719 3.097 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.480 3.243 3.110 3.110 3.323 3.302 2.677 2.677 2.677 3.323 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.942 2.719 2.719 3.097 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.057 3.480 3.323 3.323 3.323 2.677 3.110 3.110 3.243 3.589 3.105 3.105 2.719 1.569 2.761 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.680 3.323 2.719 2.677 2.677 3.229 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.323 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.323 3.255 2.677 2.677 3.480 3.255 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.110 2.719 2.719 2.719 1.569 3.389 3.323 3.105 3.105 3.323 3.229 3.229 2.677 2.942 2.951 3.105 3.302 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 2.761 2.761 2.942 3.480 2.945 2.945 3.097 2.945 3.110 3.057 3.323 2.761 3.243 2.677 1.569 3.229 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.389 3.389 2.300 2.719 1.569 3.571 2.719 2.719 2.719 2.719 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.677 2.472 2.942 3.323 3.243 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.940 3.589 2.680 2.677 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.73 1.73 1.73 41.6 41.8 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 42.4 42.4 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.1 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.5 43.8 43.9 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.5 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.9 45.1 45.2 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.5 45.7 45.7 45.8 45.8 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9 46.0 46.2 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.4 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.7 46.8 46.9 46.9 47.1 47.1 47.2 47.5 47.5 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.9 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.1 48.1 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.4 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.8 48.8 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.1 49.3 49.6 49.8 50.0 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.4 50.5 50.5 50.5 50.6 50.9 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.2 51.3 51.4 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.7 51.9 52.1 52.1 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.7 52.8 52.8 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.2 53.6 53.7 no no no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes no yes yes no yes no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes no yes yes NA NA NA Leiosaurus bellii Leiosaurus paronae NA Pristidactylus scapulatus Pristidactylus torquatus NA NA Ctenophorus reticulatus Eremiascincus fasciolatus NA NA Zonosaurus boettgeri NA Cyrtodactylus epiroticus Varanus storri NA Microlophus theresiae Stenocercus percultus Strobilurus torquatus Saltuarius salebrosus NA NA NA Cnemidophorus lemniscatus Tarentola americana NA NA Stenocercus boettgeri Liolaemus fitzingerii Liolaemus zapallarensis Ctenotus robustus Mesoscincus managuae Mesoscincus schwartzei Oligosoma chloronoton Oligosoma waimatense Tribolonotus ponceleti Abronia anzuetoi NA NA Kentropyx altamazonica NA Neusticurus bicarinatus Phrynosoma blainvillii Phrynosoma coronatum Sceloporus mucronatus Phymaturus dorsimaculatus Agama boueti NA Agama paragama NA Pseudotrapelus sinaitus NA NA NA Liolaemus buergeri Ctenotus pantherinus NA Oligosoma suteri Rhacodactylus ciliatus Elgaria coerulea NA NA NA Sceloporus lineatulus NA Aspidoscelis gularis NA Cordylus polyzonus Acanthosaura lepidogaster NA Microlophus grayii Crotaphytus antiquus Cyrtodactylus louisiadensis Eremiascincus richardsonii Eulamprus quoyii Tropidophorus partelloi NA Chamaeleo johnstoni NA NA Sceloporus bulleri Uma scoparia NA Cnemidophorus gramivagus Coryphophylax subcristatus NA Ctenophorus cristatus NA NA NA NA NA Goniurosaurus araneus Phrynosoma solare Sceloporus orcutti NA NA Cyrtodactylus tuberculatus Gekko badenii Gekko vittatus Ameiva dorsalis NA NA Stenocercus humeralis Crotaphytus nebrius Enyalius leechii NA NA NA NA Chalcides viridanus Plestiodon tamdaoensis Sceloporus horridus Anolis vermiculatus Lacerta bilineata NA NA NA Lophognathus longirostris NA Dasia grisea NA Egernia luctuosa NA NA Gehyra marginata Anolis griseus Elgaria kingii Thecadactylus rapicauda Thecadactylus solimoensis Liolaemus kriegi Phyllopezus periosus Kentropyx calcarata Rhacodactylus sarasinorum NA Cyrtodactylus klugei NA NA NA NA Calumma malthe Agama doriae NA Ctenophorus scutulatus NA NA Anelytropsis papillosus Microlophus theresioides Crotaphytus bicinctores NA Microlophus habelii Stenocercus puyango Tropidurus etheridgei NA Cnemidophorus ocellifer NA NA NA NA NA Anolis garmani NA NA NA NA NA Trapelus agilis Oplurus grandidieri NA Kinyongia multituberculata Uma notata Phymaturus patagonicus Acontias poecilus Egernia napoleonis Oligosoma otagense Enyalioides binzayedi Enyalioides palpebralis Acanthosaura brachypoda Agama aculeata Amphibolurus norrisi Pseudocalotes austeniana Tropidurus oreadicus Sphenomorphus neuhaussi Anolis pigmaequestris Anolis richardii Crotaphytus insularis Xenosaurus newmanorum Saltuarius cornutus Plestiodon chinensis Scincus mitranus Tarentola ephippiata Lacerta schreiberi Furcifer lateralis Chelosania brunnea Laudakia wui Phymaturus tenebrosus Sceloporus olivaceus Uma inornata Agama finchi Diplolaemus bibronii Diplolaemus darwinii Diplolaemus sexcinctus Leiosaurus catamarcensis Pristidactylus achalensis Cyrtodactylus tripartitus Mniarogekko jalu Xenosaurus grandis Phymaturus palluma Phrynosoma asio Egernia saxatilis Trachylepis capensis Hemitheconyx taylori Rhacodactylus trachycephalus Phrynosoma douglasii Phrynosoma hernandesi Hypsilurus capreolatus Plica pansticta Brachymeles kadwa Gambelia sila Timon tangitanus Bronchocela celebensis Ouroborus cataphractus Gekko siamensis Corytophanes cristatus Sceloporus spinosus Zonosaurus karsteni Agama africana Agama bottegi Agama mossambica Bronchocela hayeki Calotes maria Paralaudakia bochariensis Phymaturus denotatus Crotaphytus vestigium Aspidoscelis scalaris Teius suquiensis Eugongylus sulaensis Eumecia johnstoni Phymaturus damasense Salea gularis Plica caribeana Pseudocordylus subviridis Furcifer rhinoceratus Gehyra oceanica Abronia mixteca Zonosaurus ornatus Enyalioides microlepis Japalura variegata Bronchocela vietnamensis Moloch horridus Uromastyx macfadyeni Crotaphytus collaris Petrosaurus repens Phymaturus punae Furcifer nicosiai Aspidoscelis maxima Cnemidophorus arubensis Kentropyx striata Microlophus stolzmanni Enyalius iheringii Ophiodes intermedius Phrynocephalus mystaceus Enyalioides praestabilis Agama insularis Trapelus savignii Trioceros eisentrauti Karusasaurus jordani Phrynosoma cornutum Eutropis longicaudata Eutropis multifasciata Mochlus afer Mochlus sundevalli Scincus hemprichii Gekko verreauxi Ameiva bifrontata Ameiva concolor Microlophus atacamensis Plica kathleenae Tarentola albertschwartzi Furcifer labordi Varanus bushi Sceloporus zosteromus Blaesodactylus boivini Cyrtodactylus loriae Laudakia papenfussi Microlophus quadrivittatus Eublepharis turcmenicus Microlophus albemarlensis Trioceros oweni Tropidurus xanthochilus Mniarogekko chahoua Enyalioides rubrigularis Leiocephalus melanochlorus Leiocephalus partidus Tropidurus imbituba Crotaphytus reticulatus Oligosoma alani Amphibolurus muricatus Bronchocela marmorata Calotes emma Lygosoma bampfyldei Kentropyx pelviceps Anolis frenatus Elgaria panamintina Platysaurus intermedius Varanus hamersleyensis Eutropis grandis Egernia mcpheei Plestiodon laticeps Plestiodon obsoletus Chamaeleo calcaricarens Chamaeleo laevigatus Gallotia galloti Agama mucosoensis Agama spinosa Gonocephalus beyschlagi Leiolepis boehmei Cyrtodactylus zugi Gerrhosaurus typicus Zonosaurus haraldmeieri Zonosaurus madagascariensis Haemodracon riebeckii Tarentola annularis Gambelia copeii Leiolepis ngovantrii Cyrtodactylus serratus Phelsuma guentheri Uroplatus henkeli Ctenophorus nuchalis Pseudocalotes kakhienensis Ameiva corax Aspidoscelis costata Chamaeleo senegalensis Cyrtodactylus robustus Oligosoma fallai Leiocephalus carinatus Hypsilurus schoedei Ameiva corvina Cnemidophorus vanzoi Holcosus leptophrys Timon princeps Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Microlophus heterolepis Uracentron flaviceps Lepidothyris hinkeli yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Liolaemidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Hoplocercidae Hoplocercidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Crotaphytidae Xenosauridae Carphodactylidae Scincidae Scincidae Phyllodactylidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Leiosauridae Gekkonidae Diplodactylidae Xenosauridae Liolaemidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Eublepharidae Diplodactylidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Crotaphytidae Lacertidae Agamidae Cordylidae Gekkonidae Corytophanidae Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Liolaemidae Crotaphytidae Teiidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Liolaemidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Cordylidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Anguidae Gerrhosauridae Hoplocercidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae Liolaemidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae Leiosauridae Diploglossidae Agamidae Hoplocercidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Cordylidae Phrynosomatidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Phyllodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Varanidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Eublepharidae Tropiduridae Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae Diplodactylidae Hoplocercidae Leiocephalidae Leiocephalidae Tropiduridae Crotaphytidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Teiidae Dactyloidae Anguidae Cordylidae Varanidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Crotaphytidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Leiocephalidae Agamidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Scincidae 109.0 382.0 133.0 133.0 122.0 122.0 117.0 118.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 133.6 140.0 140.0 121.0 132.0 160.0 134.0 134.0 130.0 135.0 139.0 118.0 118.0 110.3 124.0 124.0 118.2 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 148.0 139.5 133.0 110.7 124.5 135.0 135.0 137.0 140.0 125.0 125.0 119.0 119.0 135.7 125.0 137.0 119.4 124.0 150.0 125.0 126.0 133.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 112.1 127.0 125.0 125.0 137.0 263.0 112.6 120.7 121.0 125.0 143.0 152.0 148.0 135.0 127.0 121.9 122.0 122.0 122.0 131.0 129.0 114.0 145.0 137.0 127.0 127.0 123.0 124.0 268.0 122.7 128.0 123.0 123.0 146.0 127.0 130.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 155.0 128.0 128.0 124.0 124.0 137.0 147.0 158.0 131.0 156.0 156.0 124.0 124.8 143.0 125.0 148.0 125.5 147.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 125.8 137.0 142.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 142.1 130.0 150.0 152.0 129.0 160.0 142.6 143.0 143.0 143.0 150.0 150.0 145.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 159.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 126.5 160.0 160.0 160.0 127.0 127.0 132.0 132.0 152.0 161.0 145.0 133.2 128.0 133.0 133.0 133.0 148.0 153.0 130.0 130.0 146.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Limbless lizards Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Iguania Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Crotaphytidae** Xenosauridae** Carphodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Leiosauridae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Xenosauridae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Crotaphytidae** Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Cordylidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Phrynosomatidae Gerrhosauridae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Crotaphytidae** Teiidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Cordylidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Crotaphytidae** Phrynosomatidae Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Leiosauridae** Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Typical Agamidae** Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Legged Cordylidae Phrynosomatidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Varanidae Phrynosomatidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Iguania Iguania Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Crotaphytidae** Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Teiidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Varanidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Crotaphytidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Iguania Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Lacertidae Xantusiidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae -5.040 -4.207 -5.125 -5.125 -5.033 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.884 -5.125 -4.574 -4.574 -1.528 -5.833 -3.445 -5.125 -5.125 -4.482 -4.543 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -5.040 -3.855 -3.855 -4.686 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -5.296 -4.242 -4.804 -5.833 -5.040 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.201 -4.804 -3.855 -3.855 -4.686 -3.884 -5.125 -1.528 -4.543 -4.686 -5.747 -4.242 -5.033 -3.855 -4.783 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.040 -1.528 -4.747 -4.747 -5.125 -4.207 -5.040 -4.686 -3.884 -5.747 -3.997 -4.242 -5.765 -4.783 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -1.528 -3.855 -5.040 -3.997 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -3.884 -5.296 -5.224 -4.686 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -5.747 -3.855 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -3.884 -3.884 -4.482 -3.997 -5.301 -3.855 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -3.884 -5.201 -3.884 -3.997 -3.884 -4.804 -5.033 -5.033 -5.033 -3.884 -1.528 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.747 -4.574 -5.765 -5.747 -5.301 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -3.997 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.783 -4.783 -4.783 -4.482 -4.482 -1.528 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -4.747 -3.997 -4.242 -5.125 -5.033 -4.686 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.543 -4.796 -3.884 -3.884 -5.125 3.323 2.300 3.229 3.229 3.243 3.243 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.719 3.229 2.942 2.942 1.569 3.571 2.353 3.229 3.229 2.945 2.951 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.323 2.677 2.677 3.105 3.389 3.389 3.389 3.389 3.389 2.761 3.057 3.571 3.323 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.255 3.057 2.677 2.677 3.105 2.719 3.229 1.569 2.951 3.105 3.589 2.761 3.243 2.677 3.085 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.323 1.569 3.110 3.110 3.229 2.472 3.323 3.105 2.719 3.589 2.680 2.761 3.480 3.085 3.243 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 1.569 2.677 3.323 2.680 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.719 3.389 2.892 3.105 3.243 3.105 3.105 2.680 3.589 2.677 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.761 3.110 3.110 2.719 2.719 2.945 2.680 3.235 2.677 2.761 2.761 3.105 2.719 3.255 2.719 2.680 2.719 3.057 3.243 3.243 3.243 2.719 1.569 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.110 2.942 3.480 3.589 3.235 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.680 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.085 3.085 3.085 2.945 2.945 1.569 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.110 3.110 2.680 2.761 3.229 3.243 3.105 3.110 3.110 3.110 2.951 3.048 2.719 2.719 3.229 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 53.7 53.9 54.1 54.1 54.1 54.1 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.8 54.9 54.9 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.2 55.4 55.4 55.4 55.4 55.8 55.9 55.9 55.9 56.1 56.1 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.3 56.5 56.5 56.6 56.7 56.7 56.7 56.9 57.1 57.3 57.3 57.4 57.4 57.7 57.8 57.9 58.0 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.6 58.8 58.9 58.9 58.9 58.9 58.9 58.9 59.0 59.3 59.5 59.5 59.5 59.6 59.9 59.9 60.0 60.1 60.2 60.6 61.3 61.5 61.6 61.8 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.2 62.4 62.4 62.4 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.8 62.8 62.9 63.1 63.2 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.7 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.2 64.2 64.7 64.8 64.8 65.0 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.2 65.5 65.6 66.0 66.3 66.3 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.7 66.7 66.8 66.8 66.8 66.8 66.9 67.2 67.2 67.3 67.3 67.5 67.7 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.4 68.4 68.4 68.5 68.5 68.5 68.5 68.6 68.8 68.8 68.8 68.9 68.9 69.0 69.3 69.8 69.8 69.8 70.2 70.2 70.5 70.5 70.9 71.0 71.5 71.9 71.9 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.7 72.9 73.0 73.0 73.1 yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no Phymaturus patagonicus Acontias poecilus Egernia napoleonis Oligosoma otagense NA Enyalioides palpebralis NA Agama aculeata Amphibolurus norrisi NA Tropidurus oreadicus NA NA Anolis richardii Crotaphytus insularis NA Saltuarius cornutus Plestiodon chinensis Scincus mitranus Tarentola ephippiata Lacerta schreiberi Furcifer lateralis Chelosania brunnea NA NA Sceloporus olivaceus Uma inornata Agama finchi NA Diplolaemus darwinii NA Leiosaurus catamarcensis NA Cyrtodactylus tripartitus NA Xenosaurus grandis Phymaturus palluma Phrynosoma asio Egernia saxatilis Trachylepis capensis Hemitheconyx taylori NA Phrynosoma douglassii Phrynosoma hernandesi NA NA NA Gambelia sila Timon tangitanus NA Cordylus cataphractus NA Corytophanes cristatus Sceloporus spinosus Zonosaurus karsteni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Crotaphytus vestigium NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gehyra oceanica Abronia mixteca Zonosaurus ornatus Enyalioides microlepis Japalura variegata NA Moloch horridus Uromastyx macfadyeni Crotaphytus collaris Petrosaurus repens Phymaturus punae NA NA NA Kentropyx striata Microlophus stolzmanni NA NA Phrynocephalus mystaceus Enyalioides praestabilis Agama insularis Trapelus savignii NA Cordylus jordani Phrynosoma cornutum Eutropis longicaudata Eutropis multifasciata Lygosoma afrum Mochlus sundevalli NA NA Ameiva bifrontata NA Microlophus atacamensis NA NA Furcifer labordi Varanus bushi Sceloporus zosteromus Blaesodactylus boivini Cyrtodactylus loriae NA Microlophus quadrivittatus Eublepharis turcmenicus Microlophus albemarlensis Chamaeleo oweni NA Rhacodactylus chahoua NA NA NA NA Crotaphytus reticulatus Cyclodina alani Amphibolurus muricatus NA Calotes emma NA Kentropyx pelviceps Anolis frenatus Elgaria panamintina Platysaurus intermedius NA NA NA Plestiodon laticeps Plestiodon obsoletus Chamaeleo calcaricarens Chamaeleo laevigatus Gallotia galloti NA Agama spinosa NA NA NA Gerrhosaurus typicus Zonosaurus haraldmeieri Zonosaurus madagascariensis Haemodracon riebeckii Tarentola annularis Gambelia copeii NA NA Phelsuma guentheri Uroplatus henkeli Ctenophorus nuchalis Salea kakhienensis Ameiva corax Aspidoscelis costatus Chamaeleo senegalensis Cyrtodactylus robustus Oligosoma fallai Leiocephalus carinatus NA NA Cnemidophorus vanzoi NA Timon princeps Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Microlophus heterolepis Uracentron flaviceps NA Oligosoma homalonotum Sceloporus poinsettii Gambelia wislizenii Phymaturus verdugo Scincus scincus Dopasia hainanensis Enyalioides sophiarothschildae Leiocephalus anonymous Barisia levicollis Agama cristata Bronchocela cristatella Calotes jerdoni Hypsilurus auritus Trapelus flavimaculatus Ameiva provitaae Holcosus septemlineatus Anguis cephallonica Dopasia harti Gekko albofasciolatus Trachylepis ivensii Tropidurus catalanensis Enyalioides touzeti Barisia ciliaris Kinyongia matschiei Ameiva auberi Barisia imbricata Sceloporus uniformis Anolis agueroi Morunasaurus annularis Anguis colchica Aspidoscelis tigris Dicrodon holmbergi Sceloporus torquatus Tropidurus torquatus Amphiglossus meva Brachymeles talinis Chalcides ocellatus Dasia olivacea Lissolepis coventryi Lygosoma angeli Anguis fragilis Gerrhosaurus flavigularis Aristelliger lar Diploglossus pleii Enyalioides heterolepis Sceloporus magister Holcosus undulatus Anolis insignis Chamaeleo namaquensis Furcifer angeli Trioceros cristatus Trachylepis quinquetaeniata Eumecia anchietae Ophiodes fragilis Uroplatus lineatus Agama hispida Agama impalearis Agama tassiliensis Sceloporus clarkii Diploglossus lessonae Anolis guamuhaya Anolis roosevelti Enyalioides cofanorum Leiocephalus herminieri Ameiva erythrocephala Aspidoscelis burti Aspidoscelis stictogramma Laudakia nuristanica Lophognathus burnsi Lophognathus gilberti Trapelus ruderatus Ailuronyx trachygaster Cyrtodactylus irianjayaensis Cyrtodactylus novaeguineae Smaug barbertonensis Anolis sierramaestrae Gekko reevesii Acanthocercus yemensis Hypsilurus spinipes Hoplodactylus duvaucelii Tropidurus hispidus Trioceros deremensis Brachymeles bicolor Agama robecchii Microlophus peruvianus Tropidurus spinulosus Acanthosaura coronata Sceloporus cyanogenys Sceloporus serrifer Acanthosaura capra Gonocephalus bornensis Trioceros jacksonii Otosaurus cumingi Gallotia intermedia Lacerta media Lacerta strigata Lacerta viridis Ophisaurus ventralis Holcosus festivus Polychrus jacquelinae Trioceros quadricornis Tarentola gigas Zonosaurus trilineatus Hemitheconyx caudicinctus Aspidoscelis guttata Aspidoscelis motaguae Acanthosaura armata Agama anchietae Agama atra Agama boulengeri Agama turuensis Calotes calotes Hypsilurus macrolepis Psammophilus dorsalis Calotes nigrilabris Calumma brevicorne Chamaeleo chamaeleon Furcifer antimena Pogona nullarbor Anolis barbatus Smaug regius Chalcides polylepis Chalcides thierryi Eutropis carinata Oligosoma northlandi Sphenomorphus taylori Trachylepis wrightii Acanthosaura bintangensis Agama lebretoni Diploglossus fasciatus Acontias plumbeus Furcifer tuzetae Anolis baracoae Anolis barahonae Anolis porcus Polychrus marmoratus Calotes chincollium Gonocephalus megalepis Hypsilurus bruijnii Calumma ambreense Chamaeleo monachus Pseudocordylus microlepidotus Smaug breyeri Smaug vandami Ameiva reticulata Chamaeleo gracilis Furcifer balteatus Celestus stenurus Ophiodes striatus Agama kaimosae Gerrhosaurus skoogi Eublepharis macularius Ameiva cineracea Teius teyou Platysaurus imperator Laemanctus longipes Polychrus acutirostris Agama lionotus Gonocephalus liogaster Hypsicalotes kinabaluensis Laudakia melanura Paralaudakia himalayana Cnemidophorus ruthveni Varanus pilbarensis Gehyra vorax Ameiva pantherina Aspidoscelis communis Anolis chamaeleonides Timon pater Polychrus liogaster Polychrus peruvianus Laudakia sacra Calumma oshaughnessyi Aspidoscelis sackii yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes new yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Crotaphytidae Liolaemidae Scincidae Anguidae Hoplocercidae Leiocephalidae Anguidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Teiidae Anguidae Anguidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Tropiduridae Hoplocercidae Anguidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Anguidae Phrynosomatidae Dactyloidae Hoplocercidae Anguidae Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Anguidae Gerrhosauridae Sphaerodactylidae Diploglossidae Hoplocercidae Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Dactyloidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Diploglossidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Hoplocercidae Leiocephalidae Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Dactyloidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Tropiduridae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Anguidae Teiidae Polychrotidae Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae Gerrhosauridae Eublepharidae Teiidae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Dactyloidae Cordylidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Polychrotidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae Eublepharidae Teiidae Teiidae Cordylidae Corytophanidae Polychrotidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Teiidae Varanidae Gekkonidae Teiidae Teiidae Dactyloidae Lacertidae Polychrotidae Polychrotidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae 146.0 137.0 146.0 120.0 147.0 285.0 135.0 135.0 157.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 130.0 135.0 135.0 286.0 286.0 165.0 148.0 132.4 136.0 158.0 157.0 136.0 158.3 140.0 158.1 137.0 290.0 137.0 139.0 141.0 134.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 291.0 147.0 150.0 160.0 138.0 142.0 138.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 151.0 300.0 300.0 170.0 134.0 134.0 134.0 144.0 162.0 162.0 162.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 135.0 135.0 135.0 135.0 172.0 172.0 172.0 142.0 163.0 173.0 136.0 136.0 161.0 139.1 165.0 155.0 137.0 140.0 140.0 137.5 148.0 148.0 138.0 138.0 167.0 156.5 160.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 306.0 144.0 144.0 168.0 155.0 155.0 160.0 145.0 145.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 140.1 170.0 170.0 170.0 141.0 170.0 145.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 142.0 142.0 170.0 500.0 173.0 172.0 172.0 172.0 148.0 142.9 143.0 143.0 174.0 174.0 165.0 145.0 145.0 149.1 175.0 175.0 172.0 329.0 144.0 160.0 170.0 150.0 150.0 146.0 150.0 150.0 145.0 145.0 145.0 145.0 145.0 151.0 185.0 188.0 152.0 152.0 177.0 170.0 152.0 152.0 147.0 180.0 153.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Phrynosomatidae Crotaphytidae** Phymaturus, Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Legged Scincidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Iguania Iguania legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Teiidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Teiidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Phrynosomatidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Teiidae Teiidae Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Gerrhosauridae Sphaerodactylidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Iguania Phrynosomatidae Teiidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae leg reduced lizards leg reduced lizards Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Iguania Teiidae Teiidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Teiidae Iguania Chamaeleonidae Phyllodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Gerrhosauridae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Limbless lizards Chamaeleonidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Teiidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) leg reduced lizards Typical Agamidae** Gerrhosauridae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Legged Cordylidae Iguania Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Varanidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Teiidae Teiidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Lacertidae Iguania Iguania Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Teiidae -5.125 -3.855 -1.528 -5.040 -5.125 -5.224 -5.033 -5.033 -5.765 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -4.747 -5.224 -5.224 -4.242 -5.125 -3.884 -5.033 -5.765 -3.997 -4.747 -5.765 -3.855 -4.574 -5.033 -5.224 -4.747 -4.747 -3.855 -3.884 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.224 -4.783 -4.559 -5.765 -5.033 -3.855 -4.747 -4.574 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.855 -5.765 -4.574 -4.574 -5.033 -5.033 -4.747 -4.747 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.242 -4.242 -5.747 -4.574 -4.242 -4.686 -4.686 -4.804 -3.884 -3.997 -5.125 -4.686 -3.884 -3.884 -4.686 -3.855 -3.855 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -5.125 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -4.543 -5.224 -4.747 -5.033 -3.997 -4.482 -4.783 -5.201 -4.747 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.686 -4.574 -5.747 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -4.207 -3.997 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -3.997 -5.747 -5.747 -5.747 -4.747 -3.997 -3.997 -5.765 -4.207 -4.686 -4.783 -5.201 -4.747 -4.747 -5.747 -5.033 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.747 -5.301 -4.242 -4.747 -4.747 -4.574 -4.543 -5.033 -5.033 -4.686 -3.997 -4.747 3.229 2.677 1.569 3.323 3.229 2.892 3.243 3.243 3.480 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.110 3.110 2.892 2.892 2.761 3.229 2.719 3.243 3.480 2.680 3.110 3.480 2.677 2.942 3.243 2.892 3.110 3.110 2.677 2.719 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 2.892 3.085 2.970 3.480 3.243 2.677 3.110 2.942 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.229 2.472 2.472 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.677 3.480 2.942 2.942 3.243 3.243 3.110 3.110 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.761 2.761 2.761 3.589 2.942 2.761 3.105 3.105 3.057 2.719 2.680 3.229 3.105 2.719 2.719 3.105 2.677 2.677 3.105 3.105 2.680 3.229 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.951 2.892 3.110 3.243 2.680 2.945 3.085 3.255 3.110 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.105 2.942 3.589 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.480 2.300 2.680 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.243 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.680 2.680 3.589 3.589 3.589 3.110 2.680 2.680 3.480 2.472 3.105 3.085 3.255 3.110 3.110 3.589 3.243 3.243 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.110 3.235 2.761 3.110 3.110 2.942 2.951 3.243 3.243 3.105 2.680 3.110 1.86 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.05 2.05 73.1 73.3 73.7 74.0 74.7 75.1 75.1 75.1 75.3 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.6 75.6 75.9 75.9 76.0 76.3 76.7 76.9 77.0 77.3 77.3 77.4 77.7 78.5 78.8 79.0 79.1 79.1 79.2 79.2 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.8 80.0 80.1 80.4 80.7 80.7 80.9 81.3 81.3 81.3 81.3 81.5 82.5 82.5 82.6 82.9 82.9 82.9 83.7 84.0 84.3 84.3 84.5 84.5 84.6 84.6 84.6 84.9 84.9 84.9 84.9 85.3 85.3 85.3 85.7 85.8 86.6 86.8 86.8 87.6 87.7 88.3 88.6 88.8 89.2 89.2 89.8 90.1 90.1 90.8 90.8 91.2 91.4 91.5 91.5 91.5 91.5 92.2 92.4 92.6 92.6 93.0 94.2 94.4 94.4 94.4 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.2 95.6 95.6 95.6 97.1 97.1 97.4 98.2 98.2 98.2 98.2 98.2 98.2 99.3 99.3 99.3 100.1 100.2 100.5 100.5 100.5 101.2 101.2 101.5 101.5 101.8 101.8 102.4 102.4 102.4 102.9 103.4 103.4 103.4 103.6 103.7 103.9 104.3 104.9 104.9 104.9 105.7 105.7 105.9 105.9 105.9 105.9 105.9 107.1 108.0 109.0 109.3 109.3 109.4 109.4 110.3 110.3 110.5 111.5 111.5 yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no Oligosoma homalonotum Sceloporus poinsettii Gambelia wislizenii NA Scincus scincus NA NA NA Barisia levicollis NA Bronchocela cristatella NA NA Trapelus flavimaculatus NA NA NA Ophisaurus harti NA NA NA NA NA Kinyongia matschiei Ameiva auberi Barisia imbricata NA NA Morunasaurus annularis NA Aspidoscelis tigris NA Sceloporus torquatus Tropidurus torquatus NA Brachymeles talinis Chalcides ocellatus Dasia olivacea NA NA Anguis fragilis Gerrhosaurus flavigularis Aristelliger lar Diploglossus pleii Enyalioides heterolepis Sceloporus magister Ameiva undulata Anolis insignis Chamaeleo namaquensis Furcifer angeli Chamaeleo cristatus Trachylepis quinquetaeniata Eumecia anchietae NA Uroplatus lineatus Agama hispida Agama impalearis NA Sceloporus clarkii NA Anolis guamuhaya NA NA NA Ameiva erythrocephala Aspidoscelis burti NA NA NA Lophognathus gilberti Trapelus ruderatus Ailuronyx trachygaster NA Cyrtodactylus novaeguineae NA NA NA NA Hypsilurus spinipes Hoplodactylus duvaucelii Tropidurus hispidus Chamaeleo deremensis Brachymeles bicolor NA Microlophus peruvianus Tropidurus spinulosus NA Sceloporus cyanogenys Sceloporus serrifer Acanthosaura capra NA Chamaeleo jacksonii Sphenomorphus cumingi Gallotia intermedia Lacerta media Lacerta strigata Lacerta viridis Ophisaurus ventralis Ameiva festiva NA Chamaeleo quadricornis Tarentola gigas Zonosaurus trilineatus Hemitheconyx caudicinctus Aspidoscelis guttatus NA Acanthosaura armata Agama anchietae Agama atra Agama boulengeri NA Calotes calotes NA NA Calotes nigrilabris Calumma brevicorne Chamaeleo chamaeleon Furcifer antimena Pogona nullarbor Anolis barbatus NA Chalcides polylepis NA NA NA NA Trachylepis wrightii NA NA NA Acontias plumbeus NA Anolis baracoae Anolis barahonae Anolis porcus Polychrus marmoratus Calotes chincollium NA Hypsilurus bruijnii NA Chamaeleo monachus Cordylus microlepidotus NA NA NA Chamaeleo gracilis Furcifer balteatus NA Ophiodes striatus Agama kaimosae Gerrhosaurus skoogi Eublepharis macularius NA Teius teyou NA Laemanctus longipes Polychrus acutirostris Agama lionotus NA NA NA Laudakia himalayana NA Varanus pilbarensis NA NA Aspidoscelis communis Anolis chamaeleonides Timon pater NA NA Laudakia sacra Calumma oshaughnessyi NA Lepidothyris striatus Morunasaurus peruvianus Agama planiceps Leiolepis triploida Gekko smithii Zonosaurus quadrilineatus Anolis baleatus Anolis cuvieri Eublepharis angramainyu Paralaudakia microlepis Acanthosaura cardamomensis Elgaria multicarinata Eugongylus rufescens Lacerta trilineata Agama agama Bronchocela jubata Calotes grandisquamis Calotes nemoricola Calotes versicolor Gonocephalus lacunosus Gonocephalus sophiae Laudakia pakistanica Laudakia tuberculata Paralaudakia lehmanni Microlophus delanonis Acanthosaura titiwangsaensis Pseudocordylus melanotus Pseudocordylus transvaalensis Oplurus quadrimaculatus Egernia douglasi Hypsilurus tenuicephalus Paralaudakia erythrogaster Uroplatus fimbriatus Celestus hewardi Diploglossus montisserrati Amphiglossus mandokava Leiolopisma telfairii Enyalioides laticeps Acanthocercus annectens Pogona henrylawsoni Calumma globifer Gonocephalus bellii Lophognathus temporalis Plestiodon kishinouyei Trapelus jayakari Zonosaurus laticaudatus Cnemidophorus murinus Varanus gilleni Ameiva chrysolaema Cyclodomorphus casuarinae Cyclodomorphus michaeli Calumma cucullatum Gekko gecko Uroplatus giganteus Smaug warreni Acanthocercus branchi Acanthosaura crucigera Hypsilurus ornatus Leiolopisma ceciliae Leiolepis guentherpetersi Anolis equestris Anolis noblei Anolis ricordii Anolis smallwoodi Acanthocercus adramitanus Dicrodon guttulatum Dopasia gracilis Tachygyia microlepis Trachylepis betsileana Anolis luteogularis Eurylepis taeniolata Chamaeleo dilepis Acanthosaura nataliae Calotes mystaceus Gonocephalus robinsonii Hypsilurus hikidanus Petrosaurus thalassinus Uranoscodon superciliosus Varanus eremius Egernia hosmeri Lepidothyris fernandi Trachylepis brevicollis Trachylepis perrotetii Agama mwanzae Gonocephalus grandis Pogona minima Rhacodactylus trachyrhynchus Trioceros bitaeniatus Ophisaurus attenuatus Chamaeleo africanus Furcifer bifidus Kinyongia fischeri Leiolepis peguensis Varanus auffenbergi Oplurus cuvieri Ameiva pluvianotata Gonocephalus abbotti Gonocephalus doriae Pogona mitchelli Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus Agama caudospinosa Gonocephalus klossi Leiocephalus jamaicensis Polychrus gutturosus Eumeces schneideri Dipsosaurus dorsalis Hypsilurus schultzewestrumi Leiolepis rubritaeniata Ctenosaura defensor Callopistes maculatus Gallotia bravoana Phelsuma gigas Acanthocercus cyanogaster Plica plica Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus Pogona minor Gerrhonotus ophiurus Oplurus cyclurus Omanosaura jayakari Acanthocercus atricollis Laudakia nupta Varanus telenesetes Paralaudakia caucasia Gerrhonotus liocephalus Lygosoma corpulentum Gerrhonotus infernalis Ameiva plei Sphenomorphus latifasciatus Varanus similis Hypsilurus boydii Uromastyx ocellata Leiolepis belliana Liopholis kintorei Phoboscincus garnieri Gerrhosaurus bulsi Paralaudakia stoliczkana Pogona microlepidota Uromastyx princeps Eutropis tytleri Ctenosaura oaxacana Chamaeleo arabicus Ameiva atrigularis Sphenomorphus muelleri Diploglossus monotropis Egernia stokesii Ctenosaura alfredschmidti Gonocephalus kuhlii Lyriocephalus scutatus Uromastyx yemenensis Laemanctus serratus Chamaeleo zeylanicus Bellatorias obiri Enyalioides oshaughnessyi Bellatorias frerei Eumeces algeriensis Trapelus sanguinolentus Chamaeleo calyptratus Ameiva major Leiolepis reevesii Uromastyx thomasi Eugongylus albofasciolatus Scincopus fasciatus Ameiva griswoldi Gerrhosaurus auritus Gerrhosaurus multilineatus Ameiva exsul Leiocephalus apertosulcus Leiocephalus cuneus Furcifer pardalis Uromastyx benti Uromastyx geyri Amphiglossus reticulatus Ctenosaura flavidorsalis Varanus acanthurus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Scincidae Hoplocercidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Eublepharidae Agamidae Agamidae Anguidae Scincidae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Agamidae Cordylidae Cordylidae Opluridae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Gekkonidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Scincidae Hoplocercidae Agamidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae Teiidae Varanidae Teiidae Scincidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Cordylidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Agamidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Agamidae Teiidae Anguidae Scincidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae Varanidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Anguidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Varanidae Opluridae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae Agamidae Agamidae Leiocephalidae Polychrotidae Scincidae Iguanidae Agamidae Agamidae Iguanidae Teiidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae Agamidae Tropiduridae Agamidae Agamidae Anguidae Opluridae Lacertidae Agamidae Agamidae Varanidae Agamidae Anguidae Scincidae Anguidae Teiidae Scincidae Varanidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Iguanidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Scincidae Diploglossidae Scincidae Iguanidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Corytophanidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Hoplocercidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Scincidae Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Teiidae Leiocephalidae Leiocephalidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Iguanidae Varanidae 166.5 153.0 148.0 148.0 191.0 165.0 180.0 180.0 170.0 149.0 149.4 178.0 169.0 174.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 155.0 150.1 151.0 151.0 145.0 170.0 151.0 151.0 195.0 180.0 180.0 171.0 171.0 157.0 152.0 152.0 187.0 152.4 152.4 172.0 153.0 170.0 159.0 194.0 160.0 174.0 174.0 190.0 200.0 200.0 155.0 155.0 155.0 155.0 175.0 156.0 190.0 190.0 190.0 190.0 157.0 163.0 350.0 177.0 177.0 191.0 177.8 195.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 175.0 166.0 202.0 180.0 180.0 180.0 180.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 190.0 199.0 359.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 162.0 205.0 153.8 169.0 163.0 163.0 163.0 183.0 165.0 165.0 170.0 170.0 186.0 154.0 166.0 166.0 155.0 173.0 195.0 218.0 167.0 177.0 170.0 170.0 200.0 160.0 200.0 171.0 172.0 217.0 173.0 203.0 195.0 204.0 181.0 196.0 220.0 175.0 175.0 177.8 200.0 200.0 200.0 180.0 180.0 180.0 203.2 170.0 230.0 190.0 206.0 215.0 207.0 173.0 185.0 185.0 185.0 190.0 235.0 208.0 192.0 210.0 210.0 188.0 239.0 197.0 190.0 190.0 213.0 213.0 200.0 215.0 215.0 201.0 200.0 200.0 250.0 196.0 197.0 220.0 185.0 250.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Legged Scincidae Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Legged Cordylidae Legged Cordylidae Opluridae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Iguania Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Gerrhosauridae Teiidae Varanidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Cordylidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Anolis (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Phrynosomatidae Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Varanidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Chamaeleonidae Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Opluridae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Gerrhosauridae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Iguania Iguania Legged Scincidae Iguanidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Iguanidae Teiidae Lacertidae Gekkonidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Tropiduridae S. stricto, (Scharf et al. 2014) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Opluridae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Teiidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Gerrhosauridae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Iguanidae Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Iguanidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Iguania Chamaeleonidae Legged Scincidae Iguania Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Chamaeleonidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Teiidae Iguania Iguania Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Iguanidae Varanidae -5.125 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -4.783 -4.574 -4.574 -5.201 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -5.125 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.884 -4.686 -5.747 -5.747 -6.439 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.242 -5.765 -5.765 -5.125 -5.125 -5.033 -4.686 -4.686 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.686 -4.783 -4.747 -5.301 -4.747 -5.125 -5.125 -3.997 -4.242 -4.242 -5.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.686 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.574 -4.686 -4.747 -5.224 -5.125 -5.125 -4.574 -5.125 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -3.855 -3.884 -5.301 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.804 -3.997 -5.224 -3.997 -3.997 -3.997 -4.686 -5.301 -6.439 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.783 -4.686 -4.686 -5.033 -5.033 -5.125 -4.298 -4.686 -4.686 -4.298 -4.747 -4.543 -4.242 -4.686 -3.884 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -6.439 -4.543 -4.686 -4.686 -5.301 -4.686 -5.765 -5.125 -5.765 -4.747 -5.125 -5.301 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -4.783 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.298 -3.997 -4.747 -5.125 -5.765 -5.125 -4.298 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.033 -3.997 -5.125 -5.033 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -3.997 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.125 -4.747 -4.783 -4.783 -4.747 -5.033 -5.033 -3.997 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -4.298 -5.301 3.229 3.243 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.085 2.942 2.942 3.255 3.105 3.105 3.480 3.229 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.719 3.105 3.589 3.589 3.940 3.229 3.105 3.105 2.761 3.480 3.480 3.229 3.229 3.243 3.105 3.105 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.105 3.085 3.110 3.235 3.110 3.229 3.229 2.680 2.761 2.761 3.589 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.105 2.942 2.942 2.942 2.942 3.105 3.110 2.892 3.229 3.229 2.942 3.229 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 2.677 2.719 3.235 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.057 2.680 2.892 2.680 2.680 2.680 3.105 3.235 3.940 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.085 3.105 3.105 3.243 3.243 3.229 2.972 3.105 3.105 2.972 3.110 2.951 2.761 3.105 2.719 3.105 3.105 3.480 3.940 2.951 3.105 3.105 3.235 3.105 3.480 3.229 3.480 3.110 3.229 3.235 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.085 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.972 2.680 3.110 3.229 3.480 3.229 2.972 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.243 2.680 3.229 3.243 3.229 3.229 3.105 2.680 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.229 3.110 3.085 3.085 3.110 3.243 3.243 2.680 3.105 3.105 3.229 2.972 3.235 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.12 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.22 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.30 2.31 2.31 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.38 2.38 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.46 111.7 112.7 112.9 112.9 113.9 114.3 114.9 114.9 114.9 115.3 116.2 116.5 117.2 117.2 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.9 118.4 118.4 119.3 119.4 120.1 120.1 120.6 121.2 121.2 121.7 121.7 122.5 122.6 122.6 123.5 123.6 123.6 124.0 125.2 125.3 125.7 125.9 128.2 128.7 128.7 128.8 129.3 129.3 130.0 130.3 130.3 130.3 131.2 132.9 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 135.6 135.8 136.0 136.1 136.1 136.8 138.0 138.1 138.3 138.3 138.3 138.3 141.1 141.8 143.5 143.6 143.6 143.6 143.6 143.8 143.8 143.8 145.3 145.9 146.4 147.8 147.8 147.8 149.5 150.5 150.5 152.0 152.4 152.4 152.4 157.3 158.2 158.2 158.6 158.6 159.7 159.7 161.2 161.2 162.8 163.4 164.0 164.1 164.3 168.8 173.6 173.6 174.8 175.9 176.7 176.8 180.0 180.9 183.3 184.1 186.0 187.3 188.1 189.1 189.1 189.9 189.9 199.5 201.8 201.8 206.9 207.3 207.3 207.3 212.5 214.2 215.0 218.7 222.1 224.8 225.6 225.7 225.7 225.7 225.7 227.5 227.8 229.1 235.4 236.3 236.3 237.3 238.3 244.8 245.2 245.2 247.4 247.4 256.6 258.6 258.6 260.6 268.7 268.7 268.8 270.1 274.4 274.6 275.4 286.0 no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes NA NA Agama planiceps NA Gekko smithii Zonosaurus quadrilineatus Anolis baleatus Anolis cuvieri NA Laudakia microlepis NA Elgaria multicarinata Eugongylus rufescens Lacerta trilineata Agama agama NA NA NA Calotes versicolor NA NA NA Laudakia tuberculata Laudakia lehmanni Microlophus delanonis NA Cordylus melanotus NA Oplurus quadrimaculatus NA NA Laudakia erythrogastra Uroplatus fimbriatus NA NA Amphiglossus mandokava Leiolopisma telfairii Enyalioides laticeps NA Pogona henrylawsoni Calumma globifer NA Lophognathus temporalis Plestiodon kishinouyei NA Zonosaurus laticaudatus NA Varanus gilleni Ameiva chrysolaema Cyclodomorphus casuarinae Cyclodomorphus michaeli Calumma cucullatum Gekko gecko Uroplatus giganteus Cordylus warreni NA Acanthosaura crucigera NA NA Leiolepis guentherpetersi Anolis equestris Anolis noblei Anolis ricordi Anolis smallwoodi NA Dicrodon guttulatum Ophisaurus gracilis NA NA Anolis luteogularis Eurylepis taeniolatus Chamaeleo dilepis NA Calotes mystaceus Gonocephalus robinsonii NA Petrosaurus thalassinus Uranoscodon superciliosus Varanus eremius Egernia hosmeri Lepidothyris fernandi Trachylepis brevicollis Trachylepis perrotetii Agama mwanzae Gonocephalus grandis Pogona minima Rhacodactylus trachyrhynchus Chamaeleo bitaeniatus Ophisaurus attenuatus Chamaeleo africanus Furcifer bifidus Kinyongia fischeri NA NA Oplurus cuvieri Ameiva pluvianotata NA NA NA Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus Agama caudospinosa NA NA Polychrus gutturosus Eumeces schneideri Dipsosaurus dorsalis NA NA NA Callopistes maculatus Gallotia gomerana Phelsuma gigas NA Plica plica Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus Pogona minor NA Oplurus cyclurus Omanosaura jayakari Acanthocercus atricollis Laudakia nupta NA Laudakia caucasia Gerrhonotus liocephalus NA Gerrhonotus infernalis Ameiva plei NA NA Hypsilurus boydii Uromastyx ocellata Leiolepis belliana Egernia kintorei Phoboscincus garnieri NA Laudakia stoliczkana NA Uromastyx princeps NA Ctenosaura oaxacana Chamaeleo arabicus NA Sphenomorphus muelleri NA Egernia stokesii NA Gonocephalus kuhlii Lyriocephalus scutatus Uromastyx yemenensis NA Chamaeleo zeylanicus NA Enyalioides oshaughnessyi Bellatorias frerei Eumeces algeriensis Trapelus sanguinolentus Chamaeleo calyptratus NA Leiolepis reevesii Uromastyx thomasi Eugongylus albofasciolatus Scincopus fasciatus Ameiva griswoldi NA Gerrhosaurus multilineatus Ameiva exsul NA NA Furcifer pardalis Uromastyx benti Uromastyx geyri Amphiglossus reticulatus Ctenosaura flavidorsalis Varanus acanthurus Varanus glauerti Egernia rugosa Mochlus mabuiiforme Hypsilurus binotatus Varanus baritji Ameiva ameiva Amphiglossus astrolabi Furcifer verrucosus Sauromalus klauberi Uromastyx shobraki Cyclodomorphus maxima Stellagama stellio Uromastyx ornata Ctenosaura quinquecarinata Varanus scalaris Chioninia vaillantii Varanus kordensis Timon lepidus Hypsilurus dilophus Broadleysaurus major Zonosaurus maximus Trioceros melleri Basiliscus vittatus Tupinambis longilineus Matobosaurus maltzahni Varanus reisingeri Ctenosaura macrolopha Eublepharis fuscus Egernia cunninghami Egernia kingii Varanus semiremex Furcifer oustaleti Hypsilurus papuensis Varanus keithhornei Varanus timorensis Calumma parsonii Varanus bogerti Hemisphaeriodon gerrardii Hypsilurus nigrigularis Uromastyx alfredschmidti Hypsilurus magnus Uromastyx dispar Smaug giganteus Varanus boehmei Ameiva praesignis Hypsilurus godeffroyi Hypsilurus longi Rhacodactylus leachianus Basiliscus galeritus Sauromalus ater Ameiva fuscata Varanus rainerguentheri Varanus tristis Basiliscus basiliscus Basiliscus plumifrons Brachylophus vitiensis Diploglossus millepunctatus Varanus prasinus Leiolepis guttata Physignathus cocincinus Pogona barbata Pogona vitticeps Saara hardwickii Uromastyx nigriventris Celestus carraui Pseudopus apodus Celestus anelpistus Celestus warreni Matobosaurus validus Phoboscincus bocourti Varanus spinulosus Tupinambis quadrilineatus Sauromalus slevini Brachylophus bulabula Brachylophus fasciatus Ctenosaura clarki Saara asmussi Tiliqua multifasciata Varanus beccarii Hydrosaurus pustulatus Varanus mitchelli Ctenosaura oedirhina Varanus lirungensis Celestus occiduus Intellagama lesueurii Chlamydosaurus kingii Saara loricata Tiliqua occipitalis Varanus macraei Heloderma suspectum Ctenosaura nolascensis Varanus finschi Gallotia stehlini Uromastyx occidentalis Crocodilurus amazonicus Hoplodactylus delcourti Leiolopisma mauritiana Tupinambis palustris Tiliqua gigas Callopistes flavipunctatus Varanus bangonorum Ctenosaura conspicuosa Chioninia coctei Corucia zebrata Tiliqua rugosa Varanus glebopalma Ctenosaura palearis Varanus caerulivirens Lanthanotus borneensis Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ctenosaura bakeri Hydrosaurus weberi Sauromalus hispidus Varanus cerambonensis Ctenosaura melanosterna Tiliqua nigrolutea Varanus togianus Tiliqua scincoides Hydrosaurus amboinensis Sauromalus varius Bellatorias major Varanus obor Gallotia auaritae Varanus jobiensis Varanus doreanus Varanus rasmusseni Ctenosaura acanthura Salvator duseni Dracaena guianensis Uromastyx acanthinura Cyclura rileyi Ctenosaura pectinata Gallotia simonyi Ctenosaura hemilopha Varanus juxtindicus Varanus dalubhasa Uromastyx aegyptia Varanus melinus Varanus flavescens Varanus rosenbergi Heloderma horridum Dracaena paraguayensis Varanus yuwonoi Cyclura collei Iguana delicatissima Varanus mertensi Varanus dumerilii Varanus indicus Varanus spenceri Conolophus marthae Salvator merianae Tupinambis teguixin Varanus rudicollis Varanus yemenensis Cyclura ricordi Varanus cumingi Ctenosaura similis Varanus nuchalis Conolophus pallidus Varanus griseus Cyclura carinata Conolophus subcristatus Varanus gouldii Cyclura lewisi Amblyrhynchus cristatus Cyclura pinguis Varanus mabitang Iguana iguana Salvator rufescens Varanus olivaceus Varanus panoptes Varanus exanthematicus Varanus nebulosus Varanus varius yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Varanidae Scincidae Scincidae Agamidae Varanidae Teiidae Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Iguanidae Agamidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Iguanidae Varanidae Scincidae Varanidae Lacertidae Agamidae Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Chamaeleonidae Corytophanidae Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Varanidae Iguanidae Eublepharidae Scincidae Scincidae Varanidae Chamaeleonidae Agamidae Varanidae Varanidae Chamaeleonidae Varanidae Scincidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Cordylidae Varanidae Teiidae Agamidae Agamidae Diplodactylidae Corytophanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Corytophanidae Corytophanidae Iguanidae Diploglossidae Varanidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Diploglossidae Anguidae Diploglossidae Diploglossidae Gerrhosauridae Scincidae Varanidae Teiidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Agamidae Scincidae Varanidae Agamidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Diploglossidae Agamidae Agamidae Agamidae Scincidae Varanidae Helodermatidae Iguanidae Varanidae Lacertidae Agamidae Teiidae Diplodactylidae Scincidae Teiidae Scincidae Teiidae Varanidae Iguanidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Lanthanotidae Shinisauridae Iguanidae Agamidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Scincidae Varanidae Scincidae Agamidae Iguanidae Scincidae Varanidae Lacertidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Teiidae Agamidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Lacertidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Agamidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Helodermatidae Teiidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae 250.0 223.0 223.0 200.0 252.0 210.0 226.0 265.0 194.0 208.0 232.0 210.0 210.0 200.0 268.0 240.0 270.0 260.0 220.0 245.0 246.0 288.0 225.0 230.0 250.0 280.0 212.0 252.0 250.0 250.0 282.0 299.0 228.6 285.0 285.0 300.0 286.0 255.0 230.0 230.0 232.0 232.0 220.0 290.0 243.0 235.0 235.0 280.0 240.0 228.0 250.0 301.0 305.0 250.0 250.0 235.0 280.0 310.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 283.0 580.0 285.0 285.0 285.0 284.0 320.0 270.0 248.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 269.0 300.0 340.0 280.0 346.0 270.0 355.0 320.0 289.0 290.0 290.0 320.0 360.0 362.0 285.0 370.0 370.0 308.0 320.0 370.0 340.0 324.0 343.0 325.0 390.0 304.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 397.0 310.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 315.0 330.0 317.0 409.0 322.0 368.0 420.0 380.0 350.0 338.0 391.0 440.0 444.0 451.0 460.0 466.0 369.4 410.0 412.0 400.0 395.0 397.0 502.0 400.0 504.0 505.0 418.0 510.0 515.0 518.0 520.0 450.0 532.0 428.0 434.0 542.0 565.1 580.0 580.0 470.0 501.0 500.0 590.0 590.0 485.0 600.0 490.0 605.0 500.0 625.0 510.0 530.0 670.0 550.0 560.0 560.0 700.0 580.0 614.0 730.0 740.0 750.0 750.0 765.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Varanidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Chamaeleonidae Iguanidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Iguanidae Varanidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Gerrhosauridae Gerrhosauridae Chamaeleonidae Iguania Teiidae Gerrhosauridae Varanidae Iguanidae Eublepharidae (Novosolov et al. 2013) Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Chamaeleonidae Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Varanidae Chamaeleonidae Varanidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Cordylidae Varanidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Iguania Iguanidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguania Iguania Iguanidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Varanidae Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Limbless anguids (Meiri, unpublished) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Gerrhosauridae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Teiidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Varanidae Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae legged anguids (Meiri et al. 2013) Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Typical Agamidae** Legged Scincidae Varanidae Anguimorpha Iguanidae Varanidae Lacertidae Typical Agamidae** Teiidae Diplodactylidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Legged Scincidae Teiidae Legged Scincidae Teiidae Varanidae Iguanidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Anguimorpha Anguimorpha Iguanidae Typical Agamidae** Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Legged Scincidae Typical Agamidae** Iguanidae Legged Scincidae Varanidae Lacertidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Teiidae Typical Agamidae** Iguanidae Iguanidae Lacertidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Typical Agamidae** Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Anguimorpha Teiidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Teiidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae -5.301 -5.125 -5.125 -4.686 -5.301 -4.747 -5.125 -3.997 -4.298 -4.686 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.298 -5.301 -5.125 -5.301 -4.543 -4.686 -4.783 -4.783 -3.997 -5.033 -4.747 -4.783 -5.301 -4.298 -5.201 -5.125 -5.125 -5.301 -3.997 -4.686 -5.301 -5.301 -3.997 -5.301 -5.125 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.747 -5.301 -4.747 -4.686 -4.686 -4.804 -5.033 -4.298 -4.747 -5.301 -5.301 -5.033 -5.033 -4.298 -5.765 -5.301 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.765 -5.224 -5.765 -5.765 -4.783 -5.125 -5.301 -4.747 -4.298 -4.298 -4.298 -4.298 -4.686 -5.125 -5.301 -4.686 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -5.765 -4.686 -4.686 -4.686 -5.125 -5.301 -5.058 -4.298 -5.301 -4.543 -4.686 -4.747 -4.804 -5.125 -4.747 -5.125 -4.747 -5.301 -4.298 -5.125 -5.125 -5.125 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -5.058 -5.058 -4.298 -4.686 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -5.125 -5.301 -5.125 -4.686 -4.298 -5.125 -5.301 -4.543 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -4.298 -4.747 -4.747 -4.686 -4.298 -4.298 -4.543 -4.298 -5.301 -5.301 -4.686 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.058 -4.747 -5.301 -4.298 -4.298 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -4.298 -4.747 -4.747 -5.301 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -4.298 -4.298 -5.301 -4.298 -4.747 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 3.235 3.229 3.229 3.105 3.235 3.110 3.229 2.680 2.972 3.105 3.229 3.105 3.105 2.972 3.235 3.229 3.235 2.951 3.105 3.085 3.085 2.680 3.243 3.110 3.085 3.235 2.972 3.255 3.229 3.229 3.235 2.680 3.105 3.235 3.235 2.680 3.235 3.229 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.589 3.235 3.110 3.105 3.105 3.057 3.243 2.972 3.110 3.235 3.235 3.243 3.243 2.972 3.480 3.235 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.480 2.892 3.480 3.480 3.085 3.229 3.235 3.110 2.972 2.972 2.972 2.972 3.105 3.229 3.235 3.105 3.235 2.972 3.235 3.480 3.105 3.105 3.105 3.229 3.235 3.145 2.972 3.235 2.951 3.105 3.110 3.057 3.229 3.110 3.229 3.110 3.235 2.972 3.229 3.229 3.229 3.235 2.972 3.235 3.145 3.145 2.972 3.105 2.972 3.235 2.972 3.229 3.235 3.229 3.105 2.972 3.229 3.235 2.951 3.235 3.235 3.235 2.972 3.110 3.110 3.105 2.972 2.972 2.951 2.972 3.235 3.235 3.105 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.145 3.110 3.235 2.972 2.972 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 2.972 3.110 3.110 3.235 3.235 2.972 3.235 2.972 3.235 2.972 3.235 2.972 2.972 3.235 2.972 2.972 2.972 3.235 2.972 3.110 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.48 2.50 2.50 2.51 2.51 2.52 2.52 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.56 2.58 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.60 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.66 2.66 2.66 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.69 2.71 2.71 2.72 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.75 2.75 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.77 2.77 2.78 2.78 2.79 2.80 2.80 2.81 2.82 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.86 2.87 2.89 2.91 2.91 2.93 2.95 2.95 2.96 2.96 2.96 2.96 2.97 2.99 3.00 3.01 3.04 3.04 3.04 3.05 3.05 3.06 3.06 3.06 3.08 3.08 3.09 3.09 3.09 3.11 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.16 3.19 3.21 3.21 3.22 3.25 3.25 3.27 3.29 3.31 3.33 3.33 3.38 3.39 3.39 3.42 3.43 3.43 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.48 3.50 3.52 3.52 3.54 3.54 3.60 3.64 3.64 3.64 3.65 3.65 3.66 3.66 3.68 3.69 3.70 3.70 3.72 3.74 3.75 3.80 3.84 3.85 3.87 3.87 3.90 3.91 3.92 3.96 3.98 4.00 4.00 4.03 286.0 286.9 286.9 287.5 293.4 298.6 299.5 314.3 317.2 324.8 326.0 334.6 334.6 347.3 358.1 363.7 366.8 383.3 386.6 386.9 391.8 392.8 393.7 396.3 411.8 412.6 412.9 414.0 414.9 414.9 422.2 434.3 435.4 436.9 436.9 438.2 441.9 442.3 443.8 443.8 455.9 455.9 457.0 462.2 470.1 474.4 474.4 475.4 485.3 512.6 513.6 521.4 544.1 554.0 554.0 560.8 563.8 573.5 574.9 574.9 574.9 574.9 574.9 574.9 585.1 586.2 599.6 599.6 616.9 626.3 635.6 652.4 658.1 674.0 674.0 674.0 721.7 747.5 773.3 817.4 818.3 847.3 889.2 897.3 901.8 911.5 911.5 920.7 930.3 975.3 994.9 1016.6 1085.8 1098.9 1106.7 1114.4 1119.8 1150.3 1152.0 1161.3 1205.3 1205.3 1229.7 1229.7 1229.7 1276.7 1277.4 1308.2 1335.0 1335.0 1339.6 1361.4 1365.0 1405.8 1430.0 1445.8 1531.8 1603.7 1634.3 1651.7 1758.5 1780.6 1859.6 1928.7 2056.0 2144.0 2150.8 2392.0 2428.5 2474.0 2624.7 2664.4 2671.6 2724.7 2762.9 2780.7 2836.3 2870.7 2962.8 3019.0 3046.7 3195.1 3291.0 3331.6 3472.3 3495.3 4000.6 4352.0 4352.0 4400.2 4434.0 4434.0 4599.5 4599.5 4830.9 4856.5 4980.4 4988.6 5288.6 5542.1 5609.2 6288.5 6939.9 7020.3 7406.5 7406.5 7996.4 8220.7 8398.5 9159.0 9571.2 9995.9 9995.9 10657.2 yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no yes no no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes Varanus glauerti NA NA NA Varanus baritji Ameiva ameiva Amphiglossus astrolabi Furcifer verrucosus Sauromalus klauberi NA NA Laudakia stellio Uromastyx ornata Ctenosaura quinquecarinata Varanus scalaris Chioninia vaillantii NA Timon lepidus Hypsilurus dilophus Gerrhosaurus major NA Chamaeleo melleri Basiliscus vittatus Tupinambis longilineus NA NA NA NA NA Egernia kingii Varanus semiremex Furcifer oustaleti Hypsilurus papuensis Varanus keithhornei Varanus timorensis Calumma parsonii NA NA Hypsilurus nigrigularis NA NA Uromastyx dispar Cordylus giganteus Varanus boehmei NA NA NA Rhacodactylus leachianus Basiliscus galeritus Sauromalus ater Ameiva fuscata Varanus rainerguentheri Varanus tristis Basiliscus basiliscus Basiliscus plumifrons Brachylophus vitiensis NA Varanus prasinus Leiolepis guttata Physignathus cocincinus Pogona barbata Pogona vitticeps Uromastyx hardwickii NA NA Pseudopus apodus NA NA Gerrhosaurus validus NA NA Tupinambis quadrilineatus NA NA Brachylophus fasciatus NA Uromastyx asmussi NA Varanus beccarii NA Varanus mitchelli Ctenosaura oedirhina NA NA Physignathus lesueurii Chlamydosaurus kingii Uromastyx loricata Tiliqua occipitalis Varanus macraei Heloderma suspectum NA Varanus finschi Gallotia stehlini NA Crocodilurus amazonicus NA Leiolopisma mauritiana NA Tiliqua gigas Callopistes flavipunctatus NA NA Macroscincus coctei Corucia zebrata Tiliqua rugosa Varanus glebopalma Ctenosaura palearis Varanus caerulivirens Lanthanotus borneensis Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ctenosaura bakeri NA Sauromalus hispidus Varanus cerambonensis Ctenosaura melanosterna Tiliqua nigrolutea NA Tiliqua scincoides Hydrosaurus amboinensis Sauromalus varius Bellatorias major NA NA Varanus jobiensis Varanus doreanus NA Ctenosaura acanthura Tupinambis duseni Dracaena guianensis Uromastyx acanthinura Cyclura rileyi Ctenosaura pectinata Gallotia simonyi Ctenosaura hemilopha NA NA Uromastyx aegyptia Varanus melinus Varanus flavescens Varanus rosenbergi Heloderma horridum NA Varanus yuwonoi Cyclura collei Iguana delicatissima Varanus mertensi Varanus dumerilii Varanus indicus Varanus spenceri NA Tupinambis merianae Tupinambis teguixin Varanus rudicollis Varanus yemenensis Cyclura ricordi NA Ctenosaura similis NA Conolophus pallidus Varanus griseus Cyclura carinata Conolophus subcristatus Varanus gouldii NA Amblyrhynchus cristatus Cyclura pinguis NA Iguana iguana Tupinambis rufescens Varanus olivaceus Varanus panoptes Varanus exanthematicus NA Varanus varius Varanus bitatawa Cyclura cornuta Varanus marmoratus Varanus palawanensis Cyclura cychlura Varanus albigularis Varanus salvadorii Cyclura nubila Varanus bengalensis Varanus ornatus Varanus giganteus Varanus niloticus Varanus salvator Varanus komodoensis Amphiglossus stylus Anolis ibague Anolis propinquus Asymblepharus mahabharatus Calotes nigriplicatus Chalcides pentadactylus Cyrtopodion mansarulus Eutropis quadratilobus Ichnotropis tanganicana Kinyongia mulyai Larutia penangensis Leiolopisma fasciolare Parvoscincus duwendorum Plestiodon popei Sphenomorphus helenae Sphenomorphus sibuensis Varanus samarensis Varanus zugorum Indotyphlops veddae Amerotyphlops yonenagae Indotyphlops malcolmi Pseudorabdion sirambense Typhlops annae Indotyphlops violaceus Indotyphlops tenebrarum Leptotyphlops pungwensis Myriopholis yemenicus Calamorhabdium acuticeps Anilios tovelli Malayotyphlops canlaonensis Myriopholis wilsoni Epictia tesselata Leptotyphlops tanae Calamaria boesemani Tropidonophis dolasii Afrotyphlops nanus Tetracheilostoma carlae Tricheilostoma dissimilis Anilios yampiensis Tetracheilostoma bilineatum Indotyphlops lankaensis Indotyphlops leucomelas Tricheilostoma broadleyi Tetracheilostoma breuili Aspidura guentheri Indotyphlops filiformis Typhlops zenkeri Gerrhopilus mirus Gerrhopilus bisubocularis Indotyphlops schmutzi Pseudorabdion saravacense Leptotyphlops sylvicolus Indotyphlops khoratensis Gerrhopilus hedraeus Ficimia ruspator Myriopholis albiventer Siagonodon cupinensis Indotyphlops pammeces Tantillita brevissima Leptotyphlops mbanjensis Epictia melanurus Myriopholis adleri Myriopholis natatrix Gerrhopilus beddomii Gerrhopilus ceylonicus Gerrhopilus hades Ramphotyphlops becki Indotyphlops fletcheri Trilepida brevissima Cyclotyphlops deharvengi Tantilla vermiformis Tricheilostoma greenwelli Tantilla cascadae Argyrophis klemmeri Gerrhopilus oligolepis Epacrophis drewesi Anomalepis flavapices Myriopholis braccianii Geophis laticollaris Epictia nasalis Trilepida nicefori Epictia peruviana Gerrhopilus fredparkeri Myriopholis ionidesi Enhydris innominata Epictia collaris Epictia signata Epictia teaguei Amerotyphlops paucisquamus Indotyphlops lazelli Letheobia pembana Madatyphlops cuneirostris Ramphotyphlops mansuetus Leptotyphlops latirostris Myriopholis filiformis Tantilla brevicauda Leptotyphlops howelli Etheridgeum pulchrum Aspidura drummondhayi Atractus limitaneus Tantilla nigra Tantillita canula Typhlops guadeloupensis Epictia australis Rhinoleptus parkeri Leptotyphlops aethiopicus Calamaria ingeri Anomalepis aspinosus Gerrhopilus andamanensis Helminthophis frontalis Atractus charitoae Geophis isthmicus Compsophis vinckei Leptotyphlops emini Mitophis asbolepis Mitophis leptipileptus Atractus heliobelluomini Aparallactus turneri Myriopholis erythraeus Myriopholis macrura Brachyorrhos albus Geophis maculiferus Epictia unicolor Indotyphlops ahsanai Malayotyphlops kraalii Mitophis pyrites Leptotyphlops kafubi Anomalepis colombia Gerrhopilus ater Xylophis captaini Calamaria javanica Macrocalamus vogeli Leptotyphlops telloi Myriopholis rouxestevae Pseudorabdion taylori Tantilla ceboruca Omoadiphas texiguatensis Typhlops silus Epictia subcrotilla Indotyphlops ozakiae Lemuriatyphlops domerguei Malayotyphlops hypogius Epictia ater Epictia goudotii Leptotyphlops pitmani Tricheilostoma bicolor Gerrhopilus tindalli Epictia borapeliotes Calamaria pfefferi Pseudorabdion eiselti Tantillita lintoni Tricheilostoma sundewalli Calamaria banggaiensis Pseudoxyrhopus kely Tantilla calamarina Leptotyphlops keniensis Indotyphlops meszoelyi Rena unguirostris Trilepida guayaquilensis Pseudorabdion modiglianii yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Scincidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Scincidae Agamidae Scincidae Gekkonidae Scincidae Lacertidae Chamaeleonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Varanidae Varanidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Natricidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Gerrhopilidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Gerrhopilidae Gerrhopilidae Gerrhopilidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Leptotyphlopidae Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Gerrhopilidae Leptotyphlopidae Homalopsidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Anomalepididae Gerrhopilidae Anomalepididae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Anomalepididae Gerrhopilidae Xenodermatidae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Gerrhopilidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae 766.0 640.0 788.0 788.0 655.0 850.0 850.0 750.0 900.0 925.0 950.0 980.0 1170.0 1540.0 known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only no measurements no measurements known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only no measurements known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only no measurements known from juveniles only 91.0 101.0 107.0 98.0 110.0 111.0 112.0 90.0 91.0 110.0 122.0 122.0 101.0 102.0 102.5 120.0 150.0 125.0 104.0 104.0 128.0 108.0 130.0 130.0 112.0 113.0 160.0 135.0 135.0 130.0 131.0 140.0 142.0 126.0 141.0 134.0 144.0 128.0 128.0 145.0 150.0 134.5 135.0 135.0 135.0 140.0 140.0 140.0 148.5 149.0 139.0 150.0 157.0 141.0 158.0 151.0 145.0 143.0 146.0 144.0 139.0 146.0 147.0 148.0 150.0 149.5 175.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 159.0 155.0 155.0 171.0 158.0 143.0 200.0 175.0 175.0 175.0 162.0 160.0 160.0 161.0 177.0 160.0 160.0 160.0 155.0 155.0 195.0 165.0 156.0 156.0 158.0 200.0 170.0 170.0 190.0 161.0 172.0 170.0 170.0 165.0 177.5 170.0 170.0 145.0 192.0 192.0 180.0 180.0 195.0 195.0 169.0 175.0 184.0 176.0 176.0 176.0 185.0 185.0 185.0 185.0 175.0 186.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 187.0 201.0 217.0 202.0 189.0 179.0 190.0 190.0 203.0 SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA SVL NA NA NA SVL NA TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Iguanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae Varanidae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Leptotyphlopidae** Homalopsidae Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Scolecophidia Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -5.301 -4.298 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 -5.301 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -7.456 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -8.012 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -7.456 -8.012 -8.012 -6.596 -6.596 -8.012 -5.548 -4.641 -8.012 -6.596 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -8.012 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -6.596 -6.596 -6.596 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -8.012 -5.548 -4.641 -5.548 -8.012 -6.596 -4.641 -6.596 -4.641 -5.381 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -6.596 -4.641 -8.027 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -4.641 -5.525 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -6.596 -6.596 -6.596 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -4.641 -4.709 -4.709 -5.381 -6.286 -4.641 -4.641 -8.027 -5.381 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -4.709 -4.641 -6.596 -6.596 -4.960 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -8.012 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -6.596 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -4.641 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 3.235 2.972 3.235 3.235 2.972 3.235 3.235 2.972 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 3.235 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.539 3.303 3.693 2.173 2.173 3.693 2.173 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.173 3.303 3.693 3.693 3.068 3.068 3.693 2.539 2.173 3.693 3.068 2.539 2.173 2.173 3.693 2.539 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.173 3.068 3.068 3.068 3.693 3.693 2.173 3.693 2.539 2.173 2.539 3.693 3.068 2.173 3.068 2.173 2.536 2.173 2.173 2.173 3.068 2.173 3.617 2.173 2.173 2.173 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.539 2.173 2.627 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.539 3.068 3.068 3.068 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.173 2.234 2.234 2.536 2.821 2.173 2.173 3.617 2.536 2.173 3.693 3.693 2.234 2.173 3.068 3.068 2.410 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.536 3.693 2.173 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.173 3.068 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.173 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.539 4.03 4.04 4.07 4.07 4.07 4.18 4.18 4.25 4.26 4.29 4.33 4.38 4.62 5.01 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA -0.78 -0.61 -0.52 -0.49 -0.47 -0.46 -0.44 -0.39 -0.38 -0.36 -0.31 -0.31 -0.29 -0.28 -0.27 -0.27 -0.27 -0.27 -0.26 -0.26 -0.23 -0.22 -0.21 -0.21 -0.19 -0.18 -0.18 -0.14 -0.14 -0.11 -0.10 -0.09 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 10702.4 11014.6 11729.0 11729.0 11799.7 14985.5 14985.5 17647.5 18029.1 19700.1 21475.1 23747.4 42129.0 102477.7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no NA Cyclura cornuta Varanus marmoratus NA Cyclura cychlura Varanus albigularis Varanus salvadorii Cyclura nubila Varanus bengalensis NA Varanus giganteus Varanus niloticus Varanus salvator Varanus komodoensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops carlae NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops breuili Aspidura guentheri NA NA Typhlops mirus NA NA NA Leptotyphlops sylvicolus NA Typhlops hedraeus NA NA NA Typhlops pammeces NA NA NA Leptotyphlops adleri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Enhydris innominata NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Aspidura drummondhayi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops asbolepis Leptotyphlops leptipilepta NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops pyrites NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops rouxestevae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops goudotii NA Leptotyphlops bicolor NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tantilla triseriata Ramphotyphlops marxi Trimetopon simile Leptotyphlops conjunctus Afrotyphlops fornasinii Indotyphlops braminus Ramphotyphlops conradi Aspidura deraniyagalae Atractus avernus Namibiana rostrata Calamorhabdium kuekenthali Oocatochus rufodorsatus Liotyphlops haadi Leptotyphlops incognitus Leptotyphlops nigroterminus Geophis occabus Epictia columbi Epictia magnamaculata Atractus trivittatus Calamaria abstrusa Cathetorhinus melanocephalus Calamaria lumholtzi Tantilla albiceps Epictia munoai Epictia vellardi Leptotyphlops nigricans Amerotyphlops lehneri Epacrophis reticulatus Anomalepis mexicanus Tantilla coronadoi Epacrophis boulengeri Mitophis calypso Myriopholis boueti Myriopholis burii Tantilla striata Epictia clinorostris Madatyphlops calabresii Gerrhopilus inornatus Liopholidophis oligolepis Tantilla cuniculator Gonionotophis egbensis Letheobia swahilica Leptotyphlops jacobseni Tantilla tecta Epictia diaplocia Calamaria leucogaster Plagiopholis delacouri Liophidium apperti Pararhadinaea melanogaster Lycodon kundui Atractus multidentatus Typhlops agoralionis Rena affinis Namibiana latifrons Ramphotyphlops willeyi Calamaria brongersmai Pseudorabdion longiceps Tantilla atriceps Tantilla trilineata Atractus nasutus Leptotyphlops pembae Amerotyphlops tasymicris Indotyphlops exiguus Atractus ecuadorensis Geophis petersii Calamaria longirostris Geophis bellus Typhlops anousius Gerrhopilus mcdowelli Hebius viperinum Calamophis katesandersae Geagras redimitus Elapotinus picteti Rena myopica Anilios minimus Anilios silvia Anilios yirrikalae Argyrophis oatesii Indotyphlops madgemintonae Myriopholis narirostris Atractus careolepis Leptotyphlops merkeri Vipera shemakhensis Tantilla relicta Liophidium maintikibo Pseudorabdion mcnamarae Tantilla jani Siagonodon acutirostris Prosymna semifasciata Rhinophis travancoricus Calamaria butonensis Tantilla vulcani Anilios micrommus Prosymna somalica Epictia striatula Leptotyphlops distanti Myriopholis blanfordi Namibiana gracilior Oligodon annamensis Epictia rufidorsa Tantilla gracilis Calamaria mecheli Oligodon praefrontalis Pseudorabdion collaris Typhlops monensis Indotyphlops loveridgei Geophis talamancae Helminthophis praeocularis Typhlops syntherus Tantilla lempira Oligodon planiceps Anilios chamodracaena Anilios howi Typhlops granti Sonora mutabilis Epictia tenella Leptotyphlops nursii Calamaria sumatrana Oligodon pseudotaeniatus Rena boettgeri Calamaria melanota Calamaria prakkei Pseudorabdion sarasinorum Myriopholis cairi Uropeltis petersi Typhlops geotomus Epictia alfredschmidti Myriopholis longicauda Argyrophis fuscus Typhlops sylleptor Trilepida dugandi Macrocalamus chanardi Afrotyphlops kaimosae Typhlops leptolepis Lytorhynchus maynardi Pseudorabdion talonuran Atractus melas Liotyphlops albirostris Typhlops titanops Trilepida jani Aparallactus jacksonii Heteroliodon fohy Typhlophis squamosus Compsophis zeny Rena bressoni Calamaria rebentischi Conopsis acuta Oligodon calamarius Pseudorabdion albonuchalis Typhlops pachyrhinus Atractus insipidus Tantilla hendersoni Tantilla tritaeniata Anilios affinis Madatyphlops arenarius Madatyphlops leucocephalus Ramphotyphlops depressus Rhinotyphlops boylei Typhlops gonavensis Xerotyphlops etheridgei Myriopholis macrorhyncha Atractus biseriatus Prosymna ornatissima Apostolepis gaboi Uropeltis phillipsi Gerrhopilus floweri Natriciteres variegata Lemuriatyphlops reuteri Typhlops rostellatus Calamaria lautensis Rhynchocalamus arabicus Calamaria apraeocularis Calamaria schmidti Calamaria ulmeri yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Colubridae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Gerrhopilidae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Anomalepididae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Pseudoxenodontidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Viperidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Lamprophiidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Anomalepididae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Uropeltidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Anomalepididae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Anomalepididae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Gerrhopilidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae 203.0 179.5 176.0 191.0 180.0 180.0 180.0 226.0 177.0 192.0 205.0 205.0 180.0 193.0 193.0 178.0 180.0 195.0 180.0 209.0 183.0 210.0 212.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 185.0 201.0 186.0 214.0 203.0 190.0 205.0 205.0 217.0 206.0 189.0 190.0 234.0 220.0 235.0 190.0 210.0 222.0 211.0 223.0 189.0 238.0 239.0 225.0 160.0 193.0 200.0 219.0 195.0 230.0 230.0 230.0 230.0 199.0 220.0 196.0 196.0 200.0 200.0 189.0 201.0 197.0 200.0 250.0 223.0 235.0 250.0 227.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 230.0 207.0 231.0 173.0 241.0 255.0 242.0 242.0 235.0 258.0 180.0 245.0 246.0 205.0 260.0 240.0 240.0 240.0 240.0 248.0 241.0 249.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 207.0 208.0 218.0 214.0 209.0 254.0 255.0 210.0 210.0 210.0 256.0 250.0 250.0 258.0 258.0 253.0 260.0 260.0 260.0 254.0 190.0 213.0 255.0 255.0 214.0 214.0 257.0 263.0 215.0 215.0 265.0 265.0 230.0 223.0 216.0 262.0 280.0 280.0 225.0 281.0 265.0 270.0 270.0 270.0 270.0 219.0 235.0 272.0 273.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 269.0 237.0 286.0 238.0 200.0 230.0 285.0 222.0 222.0 278.0 278.0 280.0 280.0 280.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Scolecophidia Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Sensu lato) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Lamprophiidae Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Booidea** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Scolecophidia Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Booidea** Scolecophidia Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.548 -8.012 -5.381 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -7.456 -5.381 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -6.596 -4.641 -4.641 -5.381 -4.709 -4.641 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -8.012 -4.641 -6.596 -5.548 -4.641 -4.709 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -4.641 -8.012 -6.596 -6.286 -5.548 -6.286 -8.012 -4.641 -5.548 -4.641 -5.548 -4.912 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.219 -8.012 -4.709 -4.641 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.525 -5.381 -8.012 -6.596 -7.456 -8.027 -5.548 -6.286 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -5.381 -4.641 -6.013 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -6.286 -5.982 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -6.286 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -6.596 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -5.982 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.596 -8.012 -4.641 -6.286 -6.286 -6.596 -6.286 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.641 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -5.982 -6.596 -7.456 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 2.539 3.693 2.536 2.173 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.303 2.536 2.173 2.539 2.539 3.068 2.173 2.173 2.536 2.234 2.173 2.536 2.539 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.173 2.173 3.693 2.173 3.068 2.539 2.173 2.234 2.173 2.173 2.539 2.173 3.693 3.068 2.821 2.539 2.821 3.693 2.173 2.539 2.173 2.539 2.340 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.561 3.693 2.234 2.173 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.173 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.627 2.536 3.693 3.068 3.303 3.617 2.539 2.821 2.173 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.536 2.173 2.910 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.821 2.882 2.539 2.539 3.693 2.821 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.539 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.536 3.068 3.693 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.173 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.882 3.693 2.173 2.173 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.536 3.068 3.693 2.173 2.821 2.821 3.068 2.821 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 2.536 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.173 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.882 3.068 3.303 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.67 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 no no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no NA NA NA Leptotyphlops conjunctus Typhlops fornasinii Ramphotyphlops braminus NA NA NA NA NA Elaphe rufodorsata NA NA Leptotyphlops nigroterminus NA Leptotyphlops columbi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops nigricans NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops boueti NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops agoralionis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops anousius NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Rhinophis travancoricus NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops distanti Leptotyphlops blanfordi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops syntherus NA Oligodon planiceps NA Austrotyphlops howi Typhlops granti NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops longicaudus NA Typhlops sylleptor NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liotyphlops albirostris Typhlops titanops NA NA NA Typhlophis squamosus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops arenarius NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus NA NA NA Uropeltis phillipsi NA NA NA Typhlops rostellatus NA NA NA NA NA Calamaria ceramensis Pseudorabdion ater Pseudorabdion oxycephalum Malayotyphlops ruber Leptotyphlops scutifrons Myriopholis perreti Rena dissectus Trilepida dimidiatum Tantilla oaxacae Madatyphlops boettgeri Typhlops pusillus Chilomeniscus stramineus Oligodon propinquus Tantilla andinista Rena dulcis Erythrolamprus pygmaeus Atractus echidna Atractus hoogmoedi Geophis downsi Myriopholis algeriensis Calamaria doederleini Calamaria forcarti Rhadinella schistosa Trimetopon viquezi Calamaria alidae Aparallactus nigriceps Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia Hemirhagerrhis viperina Lycophidion nanus Lycophidion pygmaeum Prosymna ruspolii Calamaria gracillima Calamaria lateralis Calamaria nuchalis Conopsis amphisticha Rhadinaea marcellae Atractus alphonsehogei Rhadinella anachoreta Letheobia leucosticta Brachyophidium rhodogaster Conopsis megalodon Tantilla oolitica Arrhyton procerum Arrhyton vittatum Geophis nephodrymus Calamophis ruuddelangi Platyceps scortecci Tantilla flavilineata Leptotyphlops macrops Argyrophis roxaneae Opisthotropis laui Apostolepis cearensis Geophis championi Trilepida anthracina Amerotyphlops arenensis Liotyphlops schubarti Prosymna pitmani Thamnodynastes corocoroensis Argyrophis bothriorhynchus Oligodon maculatus Kualatahan pahangensis Calamaria suluensis Collorhabdium williamsoni Oligodon sublineatus Oligodon torquatus Oligodon unicolor Sibynophis bistrigatus Namibiana labialis Rena maxima Siagonodon septemstriatus Trilepida joshuai Lycophidion acutirostre Polemon notatus Prosymna janii Geophis ruthveni Trimetopon barbouri Lemuriatyphlops microcephalus Tantilla briggsi Pseudoxyrhopus analabe Apostolepis striata Opisthotropis maxwelli Liopholidophis baderi Trilepida fuliginosa Argyrophis giadinhensis Atractus boettgeri Typhlops hectus Siagonodon borrichianus Dasypeltis abyssina Xylophis stenorhynchus Calamaria gervaisii Adelophis copei Eirenis kermanensis Letheobia simonii Calamaria curta Eirenis coronella Eirenis medus Oligodon forbesi Amerotyphlops trinitatus Ramphotyphlops similis Typhlops anchaurus Rhadinella donaji Homoroselaps dorsalis Tantilla reticulata Atractus collaris Trilepida pastusa Ficimia ramirezi Tropidophis nigriventris Cerastes boehmei Calamaria lovii Typhlops naugus Typhlops proancylops Eirenis lineomaculatus Lycodon cardamomensis Heteroliodon occipitalis Tantilla tayrae Argyrogena vittacaudata Simoselaps minimus Erythrolamprus problematicus Trimetopon slevini Namibiana occidentalis Trilepida brasiliensis Geophis carinosus Letheobia erythraea Letheobia uluguruensis Madatyphlops comorensis Typhlops paradoxus Calamaria palawanensis Conopsis lineata Anomochilus leonardi Epictia tricolor Atractus occipitoalbus Amblyodipsas microphthalma Liophidium trilineatum Micrelaps bicoloratus Xenophidion schaeferi Apostolepis intermedia Typhlops epactius Anomochilus weberi Teretrurus sanguineus Atractus peruvianus Enulius oligostichus Trilepida salgueiroi Tantilla yaquia Tantilla alticola Brachyophis revoili Liotyphlops argaleus Anilios broomi Anilios leucoproctus Malayotyphlops ruficaudus Ramphotyphlops bipartitus Atractus franciscopaivai Chersodromus liebmanni Geophis turbidus Calamaria everetti Oligodon melaneus Oligodon trilineatus Tantilla coronata Tantilla deppei Rhadinella rogerromani Trilepida koppesi Atractus andinus Trimetopon pliolepis Tropidophis xanthogaster Chilomeniscus savagei Chamaelycus fasciatus Lycophidion semiannule Micrelaps tchernovi Rhadinella posadasi Anilios ammodytes Eirenis coronelloides Atractus caxiuana Omoadiphas aurula Storeria hidalgoensis Epictia undecimstriata yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Anomalepididae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Xenodermatidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Viperidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Anomochilidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Xenophidiidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Anomochilidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Anomalepididae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Leptotyphlopidae 282.0 282.0 282.0 225.0 280.0 280.0 280.0 281.0 284.0 226.0 226.0 285.0 285.0 285.0 283.0 247.0 248.0 248.0 248.0 285.0 288.0 288.0 250.0 250.0 289.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 290.0 251.0 251.0 230.0 210.0 292.0 292.0 207.0 207.0 253.0 261.0 293.0 293.0 292.0 231.0 298.7 255.0 255.0 296.0 233.0 245.0 308.0 258.0 234.0 299.0 265.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 260.0 260.0 235.0 301.0 311.0 261.0 305.0 312.0 303.0 236.5 263.0 237.0 280.0 304.8 237.0 306.0 309.0 308.0 239.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 240.0 240.0 240.0 220.0 320.0 312.0 270.0 315.0 313.0 227.0 218.5 315.0 243.0 243.0 316.0 316.0 325.0 317.0 317.5 217.0 275.0 275.0 322.0 322.0 276.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 320.0 320.0 228.0 324.0 278.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 263.0 228.0 247.0 230.0 230.0 280.0 280.0 329.0 325.0 327.0 335.0 266.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 285.0 285.0 285.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 286.0 337.0 287.0 287.0 239.0 268.0 340.0 340.0 340.0 288.0 252.0 334.0 289.0 289.0 330.0 341.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Tl TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae all snakes Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.982 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -8.027 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -8.012 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -4.641 -8.012 -6.596 -6.286 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -8.027 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -4.641 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -6.286 -5.381 -7.456 -6.286 -4.641 -8.012 -5.381 -8.012 -4.709 -5.548 -4.960 -5.548 -7.456 -5.548 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.219 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -4.641 -5.548 -5.773 -6.013 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -4.641 -4.641 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.982 -4.641 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.465 -5.219 -8.012 -5.982 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -4.641 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.596 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.641 -5.381 -5.381 -5.773 -5.525 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -4.641 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.882 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.561 2.536 3.617 2.539 2.539 2.173 3.693 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.173 3.693 3.068 2.821 2.536 3.693 2.539 3.617 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.173 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.539 2.821 2.536 3.303 2.821 2.173 3.693 2.536 3.693 2.234 2.539 2.410 2.539 3.303 2.539 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.561 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.173 2.539 2.786 2.910 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.173 2.173 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.882 2.173 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.597 2.561 3.693 2.882 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.173 2.539 2.539 2.821 3.068 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.173 2.536 2.536 2.786 2.627 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.536 3.693 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.173 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes yes no yes no no yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no no no no NA NA Pseudorabdion oxycephalum Typhlops ruber Leptotyphlops scutifrons NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops pusillus Chilomeniscus stramineus NA NA Leptotyphlops dulcis Umbrivaga pygmaea NA NA NA Leptotyphlops algeriensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Hemirhagerrhis viperina NA NA Prosymna ruspolii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brachyophidium rhodogaster NA NA Arrhyton procerum Arrhyton vittatum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Apostolepis cearensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon maculatus NA NA NA Oligodon sublineatus Oligodon torquatus NA Sibynophis bistrigatus NA NA Leptotyphlops septemstriatus NA NA Polemon notatus Prosymna janii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops hectus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Eirenis medus NA NA NA Typhlops anchaurus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Eirenis lineomaculatus NA Heteroliodon occipitalis NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops occidentalis NA Geophis carinosus NA NA NA NA NA NA Anomochilus leonardi NA NA NA NA Micrelaps bicoloratus Xenophidion schaeferi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austrotyphlops ammodytes Eirenis coronelloides NA NA NA NA Stegonotus muelleri Tantilla marcovani Oligodon mcdougalli Tantilla olympia Malayotyphlops collaris Xerotyphlops socotranus Eirenis rechingeri Oligodon affinis Mastigodryas heathii Plagiopholis unipostocularis Atractus vertebrolineatus Argyrophis trangensis Typhlops lumbricalis Typhlops oxyrhinus Rhadinaea macdougalli Chamaelycus werneri Lycophidion meleagris Polemon neuwiedi Prosymna ambigua Prosymna bivittata Prosymna stuhlmanni Prosymna visseri Lycodon tessellatus Atractus orcesi Typhlops monastus Oligodon notospilus Opisthotropis atra Geophis pyburni Tantilla slavensi Ramphotyphlops acuticaudus Epictia albipuncta Apostolepis goiasensis Atractus lehmanni Atractus zidoki Geophis hoffmanni Geophis sallaei Trimetopon gracile Compsophis boulengeri Storeria storerioides Malayotyphlops castanotus Malayotyphlops luzonensis Typhlops caymanensis Prosymna lineata Dipsas oreas Eirenis rothii Oligodon vertebralis Sibynophis sagittarius Sonora michoacanensis Tantilla schistosa Tantilla wilcoxi Atractus emmeli Arrhyton dolichura Tantilla johnsoni Atractus tamaensis Geophis immaculatus Geophis omiltemanus Arrhyton redimitum Gyalopion quadrangulare Aparallactus werneri Chilorhinophis butleri Prosymna angolensis Prosymna greigerti Prosymna sundevalli Uropeltis beddomii Uropeltis ellioti Atractus spinalis Xenotyphlops grandidieri Calamaria margaritophora Ficimia hardyi Ditypophis vivax Letheobia pallida Ramphotyphlops flaviventer Typhlops catapontus Geophis semidoliatus Hypsiglena affinis Rhadinaea sargenti Rhadinella pilonaorum Haldea striatula Apostolepis longicaudata Sibon linearis Calamaria albiventer Calamaria muelleri Oligodon waandersi Arrhyton supernum Chamaelycus christyi Iguanognathus werneri Calamaria yunnanensis Typhlops capitulatus Letheobia toritensis Simoselaps anomalus Atractus occidentalis Anilios longissimus Anilios nema Tropidophis stullae Lycodon mackinnoni Liotyphlops wilderi Gonionotophis gabouensis Prosymna meleagris Oligodon pulcherrimus Phalotris reticulatus Geophis dubius Typhlops hypomethes Rhinophis tricolorata Apostolepis breviceps Ninia franciscoi Atractus gaigeae Atractus paucidens Calamaria hilleniusi Oligodon bitorquatus Oligodon erythrorhachis Gyiophis maculosa Enulius bifoveatus Madatyphlops rajeryi Atractus ochrosetrus Calamaria sangi Apostolepis arenaria Geophis russatus Calamaria borneensis Calamaria virgulata Madatyphlops platyrhynchus Typhlops tetrathyreus Aeluroglena cucullata Dryocalamus philippinus Tantilla boipiranga Aspidura brachyorrhos Atractus punctiventris Erythrolamprus maryellenae Letheobia largeni Urotheca dumerilli Omoadiphas cannula Conopsis biserialis Oligodon modestus Geophis damiani Macrocalamus gentingensis Anilios erycinus Anilios nigroterminatus Rhinotyphlops scortecci Uropeltis bicatenata Oligodon meyerinkii Lytorhynchus kennedyi Lytorhynchus paradoxus Tantilla hobartsmithi Helminthophis flavoterminatus Lampropeltis webbi Apostolepis nelsonjorgei Atractus pauciscutatus Geophis duellmani Taeniophallus bilineatus Lycodon ferroni Geophis betaniensis Atractus alytogrammus Trilepida macrolepis Gyalopion canum Uropeltis ruhunae Conopsis nasus Duberria rhodesiana Hemirhagerrhis kelleri Calamophis sharonbrooksae Rhinophis goweri Rhinophis philippinus Uropeltis woodmasoni Gerrhopilus manilae Indotyphlops jerdoni Typhlops perimychus Trachischium tenuiceps Apostolepis serrana Lycodon davidi Calamaria joloensis Tantilla nigriceps Tantilla planiceps Anilios aspinus Typhlops eperopeus Aprosdoketophis andreonei Rena humilis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Pseudoxenodontidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Leptotyphlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Xenotyphlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Anomalepididae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Anomalepididae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Colubridae Uropeltidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Homalopsidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Gerrhopilidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Leptotyphlopidae 335.0 335.0 337.0 338.0 255.0 255.0 340.0 340.0 275.0 300.0 296.0 257.0 257.0 257.0 297.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 344.0 298.0 258.0 345.0 337.8 299.0 346.0 243.0 355.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 353.0 340.0 260.0 260.0 260.0 355.0 302.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 303.0 249.0 352.0 305.0 305.0 305.0 250.0 354.0 360.0 360.0 360.0 360.0 360.0 250.0 250.0 308.0 284.0 358.0 358.0 304.8 265.0 265.0 265.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 348.0 254.0 311.0 360.0 360.0 360.0 255.0 366.0 350.0 362.0 267.0 267.5 250.0 315.0 268.0 268.0 260.0 365.0 290.0 370.0 370.0 367.0 318.0 260.0 270.0 258.0 319.0 319.0 320.0 320.0 370.0 370.0 370.0 308.0 321.0 272.0 322.0 373.0 323.0 323.0 374.0 374.0 273.0 273.0 375.0 375.0 375.0 360.0 325.0 325.0 274.0 266.0 326.0 377.0 377.0 327.0 378.0 275.0 275.0 275.0 264.0 379.0 380.0 380.0 380.0 300.0 306.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 270.0 382.0 331.0 332.0 400.0 384.0 268.0 385.0 389.0 390.0 318.0 270.0 270.0 270.0 280.0 280.0 280.0 370.0 337.0 389.5 390.0 390.0 390.0 281.0 281.0 392.0 410.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Sensu lato) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Booidea** Booidea** Dipsadidae** Scolecophidia Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Homalopsidae Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Leptotyphlopidae** -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.525 -4.912 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -5.548 -10.919 -4.641 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -7.456 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -6.286 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.982 -5.982 -5.381 -6.596 -5.548 -5.548 -7.092 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.219 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -6.286 -7.456 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -4.819 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -5.773 -5.548 -6.596 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -5.219 -8.012 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.027 -5.381 -8.012 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.219 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.982 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.596 -5.525 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -4.641 -5.548 -5.982 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -8.027 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -7.456 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -4.641 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.627 2.340 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.536 3.693 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.539 4.954 2.173 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 3.303 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.821 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.882 2.882 2.536 3.068 2.539 2.539 3.232 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.561 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.821 3.303 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.407 2.536 3.693 3.693 2.786 2.539 3.068 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.561 3.693 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.617 2.536 3.693 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.561 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.882 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.068 2.627 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.173 2.539 2.882 2.539 2.821 2.821 3.617 2.882 2.882 2.882 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.303 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.173 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.04 1.04 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.9 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.9 10.9 no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes no no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes no yes no yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops lumbricalis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Prosymna visseri NA NA Typhlops monastus NA NA NA NA Ramphotyphlops acuticauda Leptotyphlops albifrons NA NA Atractus zidoki NA NA Trimetopon gracile Compsophis boulengeri NA NA Typhlops luzonensis Typhlops caymanensis NA NA Eirenis rothii NA NA NA NA NA NA Arrhyton dolichura NA NA NA NA Arrhyton landoi NA Aparallactus werneri NA NA Prosymna greigerti NA NA NA NA Xenotyphlops grandidieri NA NA Ditypophis vivax NA NA Typhlops catapontus NA Hypsiglena affinis NA NA Virginia striatula NA NA NA NA NA Arrhyton supernum NA NA Calamaria yunnanensis Typhlops capitulatus NA Simoselaps anomalus NA Austrotyphlops longissimus NA NA NA NA NA Prosymna meleagris NA NA NA Typhlops hypomethes NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Conopsis biserialis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lampropeltis webbi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptotyphlops macrolepis Gyalopion canum NA Conopsis nasus NA Hemirhagerrhis kelleri NA NA Rhinophis philippinus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops eperopeus NA Leptotyphlops humilis Aparallactus moeruensis Trachyboa gularis Tantilla miyatai Tropidophis hendersoni Atractus ronnie Tantilla bocourti Rhinophis homolepis Apostolepis tenuis Argyrophis hypsobothrius Indotyphlops porrectus Aparallactus capensis Duberria variegata Lamprophis fiskii Lycophidion nigromaculatum Pseudoxyrhopus sokosoko Tropidophis grapiuna Atractus micheleae Atractus variegatus Xenodon histricus Macrocalamus schulzi Atractus darienensis Enulius roatanensis Calamaria linnaei Eirenis eiselti Eirenis hakkariensis Ficimia olivacea Lytorhynchus gasperetti Macrocalamus lateralis Oligodon mouhoti Platyceps thomasi Platyceps variabilis Apostolepis cerradoensis Rhynchocalamus barani Eirenis collaris Urotheca myersi Tantilla insulamontana Amblyodipsas katangensis Uropeltis phipsonii Atractus altagratiae Atractus trilineatus Carphophis amoenus Geophis juliai Helicops pastazae Tropidophis pardalis Pseudoxyrhopus oblectator Aspidura trachyprocta Apostolepis christineae Atractus multicinctus Ninia maculata Achalinus hainanus Liopeltis calamaria Anilios robertsi Argyrophis koshunensis Xenopholis scalaris Buhoma vauerocegae Dendrolycus elapoides Oligodon cruentatus Atractus oculotemporalis Geophis chalybeus Rhadinella pegosalyta Erythrolamprus pyburni Tantilla psittaca Geophis rostralis Rhinophis lineatus Rhinotyphlops schinzi Tantilla taeniata Xenophidion acanthognathus Lioheterophis iheringi Magliophis exiguum Liophidium pattoni Atractus boulengerii Bitis schneideri Geophis tectus Calamaria bitorques Oligodon everetti Virginia valeriae Micrurus camilae Anilios kimberleyensis Apostolepis niceforoi Apostolepis quirogai Atractus nigriventris Coniophanes joanae Amerotyphlops amoipira Oligodon nikhili Gerrhopilus depressiceps Calamaria eiselti Pseudoxyrhopus ambreensis Atractus nigricaudus Geophis dunni Thamnophis bogerti Geophis juarezi Chionactis annulata Tantilla robusta Psomophis joberti Atractus mijaresi Elapomorphus spegazzinii Erythrolamprus subocularis Geophis nigroalbus Phalotris bilineatus Rodriguesophis chui Tropidophis battersbyi Oligodon kampucheaensis Hypsiglena catalinae Gongylosoma mukutense Anilios wiedii Gerrhopilus thurstoni Ramphotyphlops supranasalis Typhlops disparilis Atractus matthewi Atractus resplendens Atractus typhon Geophis nigrocinctus Geophis tarascae Chionactis palarostris Atractus eriki Calamodontophis ronaldoi Typhlops notorachius Hebius sauteri Psammophis pulcher Ialtris haetianus Brachyurophis morrisi Simoselaps bertholdi Vermicella calonotus Chionactis occipitalis Atractus hostilitractus Rhadinaea vermiculaticeps Tropidophis fuscus Rhinoleptus koniagui Indotyphlops albiceps Amnesteophis melanauchen Apostolepis nigrolineata Atractus dunni Coniophanes meridanus Arrhyton tanyplectum Tropidophis taczanowskyi Rhadinella kinkelini Lycophidion variegatum Eutrachelophis bassleri Geophis rhodogaster Thamnophis lineri Calamaria crassa Amblyodipsas teitana Oligodon theobaldi Cylindrophis aruensis Rhinophis drummondhayi Uropeltis melanogaster Ficimia variegata Atractus modestus Atractus werneri Ninia pavimentata Gongylosoma nicobariensis Argyrophis siamensis Lytorhynchus diadema Oligodon taeniatus Platyceps somalicus Rhadinella tolpanorum Duberria shirana Plagiopholis styani Anilios margaretae Amblyodipsas rodhaini Taeniophallus persimilis Atractus macondo Buhoma depressiceps Prosymna frontalis Oligodon moricei Tantilla petersi Geophis nasalis Cyclocorus nuchalis Heteroliodon lava Storeria occipitomaculata Apostolepis pymi Atractus medusa Emmochliophis miops Liopeltis rappi yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Xenophidiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Gerrhopilidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Gerrhopilidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Cylindrophiidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Pseudoxenodontidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae 395.0 320.0 394.0 280.0 342.0 396.0 275.0 344.0 285.0 285.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 324.0 345.0 345.0 345.0 399.0 346.0 346.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 347.3 402.6 403.0 349.0 404.0 405.0 280.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 287.0 407.0 383.0 352.0 352.0 352.0 320.0 407.0 290.0 290.0 354.0 410.0 410.0 410.0 355.0 355.0 355.0 357.0 413.0 292.0 286.0 293.0 415.0 337.0 360.0 360.5 417.0 362.0 280.0 363.0 420.0 420.0 393.0 291.8 296.0 365.0 365.0 365.0 365.0 297.0 423.0 328.0 424.0 423.0 367.0 367.0 396.0 300.0 425.0 426.0 301.0 369.1 370.0 370.0 370.0 370.0 370.0 347.0 428.0 371.0 429.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 372.0 372.0 372.0 372.0 372.0 430.0 373.0 373.0 301.0 401.0 430.0 305.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 432.0 374.0 374.0 304.0 460.0 302.0 375.0 375.0 375.0 375.0 306.0 305.0 376.0 433.0 377.0 377.0 404.0 436.0 434.0 437.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 439.0 380.0 380.0 380.0 439.4 305.0 440.0 440.0 440.0 381.0 438.0 396.0 306.0 439.0 312.0 383.0 440.0 440.0 443.0 443.0 384.0 444.0 441.0 410.0 385.0 385.0 385.0 445.0 TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Lamprophiidae all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Booidea** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Leptotyphlopidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Sensu lato) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) -6.286 -5.465 -5.548 -5.773 -5.381 -5.548 -5.982 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.465 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.773 -6.286 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.960 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.219 -5.982 -8.012 -5.548 -5.465 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -6.013 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -6.596 -5.548 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.465 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -7.456 -6.286 -5.219 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.773 -4.641 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.773 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.286 -4.912 -8.012 -6.286 -5.219 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 2.821 2.597 2.539 2.786 2.536 2.539 2.882 2.536 3.693 3.693 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.597 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.821 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.786 2.821 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.410 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.561 2.882 3.693 2.539 2.597 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.910 2.536 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.407 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.539 3.068 2.539 2.821 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.597 2.539 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.303 2.821 2.561 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.786 2.173 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.786 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.821 2.340 3.693 2.821 2.561 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.821 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 10.9 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.9 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.1 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.3 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 no yes no no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no no no no NA Trachyboa gularis NA NA NA NA Rhinophis homolepis NA NA NA Aparallactus capensis Duberria variegata Lamprophis fiskii Lycophidion nigromaculatum NA NA NA NA Lystrophis histricus NA NA NA NA Eirenis eiselti NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Eirenis collaris NA NA NA NA NA NA Carphophis amoenus NA NA Tropidophis pardalis NA Aspidura trachyprocta NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Xenopholis scalaris NA NA Oligodon cruentatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Arrhyton exiguum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austrotyphlops kimberleyensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Pseudoxyrhopus ambreensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Psomophis joberti NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops notorachius Amphiesma sauteri NA Darlingtonia haetiana NA Simoselaps bertholdi Simoselaps calonotus Chionactis occipitalis NA NA NA NA Ramphotyphlops albiceps NA NA NA NA Arrhyton tanyplectum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon theobaldi NA Rhinophis drummondhayi Uropeltis melanogaster NA NA NA NA NA NA Lytorhynchus diadema Oligodon taeniatus NA NA NA Plagiopholis styani NA NA NA NA Buhoma depressiceps NA NA NA NA NA NA Storeria occipitomaculata NA NA NA NA description paper Caaeteboia amarali Ninia sebae Rhadinaea myersi Parafimbrios lao Sonora aemula Lycophidion pembanum Rodriguesophis scriptorcibatus Oligodon jintakunei Calamaria acutirostris Calamaria bicolor Calamaria modesta Calamaria septentrionalis Eirenis africana Oligodon annulifer Oligodon barroni Oligodon erythrogaster Oligodon petronellae Oligodon travancoricus Scolecophis atrocinctus Tantilla melanocephala Telescopus pulcher Amerotyphlops stadelmani Grypotyphlops acutus Letheobia crossii Letheobia pauwelsi Letheobia wittei Thamnophis conanti Adelphicos quadrivirgatum Atractus bocourti Atractus edioi Coniophanes dromiciformis Thamnodynastes yavi Alluaudina bellyi Carphophis vermis Geophis incomptus Echis jogeri Dipsas baliomelas Rhadinella hannsteini Tachymenis tarmensis Atractaspis engdahli Duberria lutrix Gonionotophis brussauxi Gonionotophis klingi Lycophidion hellmichi Lycophidion irroratum Pseudoxyrhopus imerinae Geophis anocularis Calamaria thanhi Tantilla bairdi Atractus arangoi Erythrolamprus mertensi Atractus clarki Thamnodynastes marahuaquensis Hologerrhum dermali Geophis sieboldi Apostolepis parassimilis Geophis fulvoguttatus Calamaria schlegeli Sibynophis subpunctatus Coniophanes taylori Anilios nigricaudus Ficimia publia Phalotris multipunctatus Eirenis levantinus Tantilla capistrata Atractus balzani Atractus flammigerus Atractus fuliginosus Atractus imperfectus Atractus mariselae Atractus roulei Atractus univittatus Chersodromus rubriventris Coniophanes schmidti Emmochliophis fugleri Hypsiglena tanzeri Typhlops contorhinus Geophis godmani Macroprotodon abubakeri Gongylosoma scripta Atractus iridescens Rhadinaea flavilata Calamaria buchi Dipsas maxillaris Taeniophallus nebularis Typhlops sulcatus Tropidophis greenwayi Calamaria grabowskyi Bitis albanica Sibon manzanaresi Cylindrophis opisthorhodus Rhinophis fergusonianus Uropeltis liura Gonionotophis laurenti Rhabdophis angeli Anilios batillus Anilios centralis Atractus caete Atractus potschi Sibon carri Adelophis foxi Anoplohydrus aemulans Hydrablabes praefrontalis Opisthotropis cheni Geophis cancellatus Sibon dunni Atractus savagei Atractus emigdioi Xenopholis werdingorum Uropeltis macrolepis Atractus manizalesensis Gomesophis brasiliensis Aparallactus guentheri Xenocalamus transvaalensis Tropidophis hardyi Atractus maculatus Eirenis aurolineatus Lycodon zawi Oligodon macrurus Rabdion forsteni Sonora semiannulata Calamodontophis paucidens Ogmodon vitianus Geophis zeledoni Atractus bocki Calamaria abramovi Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Liotyphlops ternetzii Atractus surucucu Ficimia streckeri Atractus thalesdelemai Geophis latifrontalis Amerotyphlops tenuis Typhlops schwartzi Atractus attenuates Atractus crassicaudatus Atractus erythromelas Atractus microrhynchus Atractus nicefori Atractus steyermarki Tropidophis jamaicensis Atractus schach Ninia diademata Lycodon synaptor Atractus obtusirostris Coniophanes longinquus Uropeltis madurensis Amblyodipsas ventrimaculata Lycophidion depressirostre Lycophidion laterale Calamaria griswoldi Lycodon striatus Rhinophis erangaviraji Atractus sanguineus Calamaria pavimentata Oligodon venustus Sibynophis bivittatus Tantilla armillata Atractus lasallei Geophis bicolor Hologerrhum philippinum Eirenis barani Geophis laticinctus Letheobia feae Cacophis krefftii Ninia hudsoni Pseudorabdion montanum Tropidophis celiae Erythrolamprus carajasensis Oligodon chinensis Atractus badius Atractus tamessari Phalotris punctatus Sibon sanniolus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Viperidae Dipsadidae Cylindrophiidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Anomalepididae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae 386.0 386.0 386.0 353.0 447.0 444.0 316.0 448.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 310.0 414.5 390.0 390.0 390.0 390.0 390.0 447.0 391.0 391.0 300.0 393.0 393.0 393.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 321.0 455.0 455.0 395.0 395.0 396.0 396.0 420.0 397.0 397.5 398.0 460.0 460.0 325.0 315.0 461.0 326.0 462.0 462.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 316.0 401.0 464.0 465.0 403.0 403.0 466.0 405.0 331.0 319.0 380.0 470.0 310.0 407.0 320.0 320.0 320.0 465.0 429.0 320.0 320.0 408.0 408.0 408.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 410.0 410.0 335.0 411.0 411.0 323.0 336.0 336.0 470.0 470.0 334.0 415.0 480.0 480.0 480.0 480.0 480.0 416.0 323.0 417.0 340.0 482.0 325.0 365.0 418.0 483.0 419.0 419.0 326.0 326.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 338.0 421.0 421.0 487.0 422.0 422.0 330.3 480.0 480.0 480.0 488.0 488.0 291.0 424.0 490.0 490.0 490.0 490.0 425.0 425.0 443.0 492.0 426.0 330.0 345.0 427.0 495.0 344.0 429.0 496.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae all snakes Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.960 -5.548 -6.286 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -8.012 -5.548 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.219 -8.012 -5.465 -5.548 -6.013 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -6.286 -7.456 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -5.219 -5.219 -6.286 -6.286 -5.773 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.892 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -8.012 -6.596 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.773 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.738 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -5.381 -8.012 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.773 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.410 2.539 2.821 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.561 3.693 2.539 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.561 3.693 2.597 2.539 2.910 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.821 3.303 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.561 2.561 2.821 2.821 2.786 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.453 2.536 2.561 2.539 3.693 3.068 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.786 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.848 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.536 3.693 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.786 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.9 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.1 16.2 16.2 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.9 17.0 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.7 17.7 17.7 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.9 17.9 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.5 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes yes no no no Liophis amarali NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon barroni NA NA NA NA Tantilla melanocephala NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Adelphicos quadrivirgatus NA NA NA NA Alluaudina bellyi NA NA Echis jogeri NA NA NA NA Duberria lutrix Gonionotophis brussauxi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sibynophis subpunctatus NA NA NA NA Eirenis levantinus NA NA Atractus flammigerus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops contorhinus Geophis godmani Macroprotodon abubakeri NA NA Rhadinaea flavilata NA NA NA Typhlops sulcatus Tropidophis greenwayi NA NA NA NA NA Uropeltis liura NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Adelophis foxi NA NA Opisthotropis cheni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gomesophis brasiliensis Aparallactus guentheri Xenocalamus transvaalensis NA NA Eirenis aurolineatus Lycodon zawi NA NA Sonora semiannulata Calamodontophis paucidens NA NA NA NA Typhlops brongersmianus NA NA Ficimia streckeri NA NA NA Typhlops schwartzi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Atractus schach NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lycophidion laterale NA NA NA NA Calamaria pavimentata NA NA NA NA NA NA Eirenis barani NA Rhinotyphlops feae NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon chinensis Atractus badius NA NA NA Thamnodynastes chimanta Fimbrios klossi Apostolepis phillipsae Liophidium chabaudi Micrelaps vaillanti Acutotyphlops banaorum Calliophis melanurus Colubroelaps nguyenvansangi Elapoidis fusca Gongylosoma longicauda Macrocalamus tweediei Macroprotodon brevis Meizodon krameri Oligodon brevicauda Tantilla ruficeps Telescopus gezirae Tetralepis fruhstorferi Atractus apophis Nothopsis rugosus Hebius celebicum Hebius groundwateri Thamnophis chrysocephalus Atractus pamplonensis Pseudoficimia frontalis Rhadinaea quinquelineata Cyclocorus lineatus Anilios ganei Achalinus ater Tropidophis paucisquamis Adelphicos latifasciatum Atractus reticulatus Bitis peringueyi Micrurus pacaraimae Atractus turikensis Liotyphlops beui Letheobia episcopus Ramphotyphlops lorenzi Typhlops platycephalus Lycodon cavernicolus Atractus natans Opisthotropis guangxiensis Atractus duboisi Xenodon matogrossensis Oligodon booliati Phyllorhynchus browni Phyllorhynchus decurtatus Alluaudina mocquardi Dipsina multimaculata Micrelaps boettgeri Montaspis gilvomaculata Polemon gracilis Psammophis angolensis Taeniophallus poecilopogon Atractus indistinctus Atractus paisa Brachyurophis incinctus Blythia reticulata Rhadinella serperaster Letheobia praeocularis Madatyphlops andasibensis Ramphotyphlops suluensis Arrhyton ainictum Compsophis albiventris Tropidophis curtus Tropidonophis punctiventris Tropidonophis truncatus Brachyurophis approximans Vermicella multifasciata Contia longicaudae Tropidodipsas zweifeli Achalinus spinalis Tropidophis morenoi Madatyphlops ocularis Typhlops richardi Atractus taeniatus Ninia atrata Ninia celata Phalotris cuyanus Pseudotomodon trigonatus Psomophis genimaculatus Rhadinaea stadelmani Tachymenis elongata Thamnodynastes pallidus Lycodon flavomaculatus Oligodon melanozonatus Poecilopholis cameronensis Thamnophis exsul Toxicocalamus buergersi Lycodon zoosvictoriae Liotyphlops trefauti Adelphicos nigrilatum Cylindrophis maculatus Rhinophis blythii Rhinophis dorsimaculatus Uropeltis nitida Afrotyphlops blanfordii Xerotyphlops wilsoni Lycophidion taylori Xenocalamus sabiensis Brachyurophis roperi Apostolepis nigroterminata Tropidophis canus Atractus meridensis Geophis mutitorques Psomophis obtusus Thamnodynastes duida Amblyodipsas dimidiata Erythrolamprus torrenicola Geophis blanchardi Typhlops longissimus Myron resetari Calamaria gialaiensis Rhinophis porrectus Oligodon deuvei Oligodon eberhardti Hydraethiops laevis Liotyphlops anops Geophis brachycephalus Myron karnsi Trachyboa boulengeri Adelphicos veraepacis Geophis dugesii Uropeltis shorttii Buhoma procterae Lycodryas guentheri Opisthotropis rugosa Dryocalamus nympha Sympholis lippiens Anilios diversus Ramphotyphlops exocoeti Rhinotyphlops lalandei Typhlops satelles Taeniophallus nicagus Xenopholis undulatus Tropidophis pilsbryi Atractaspis battersbyi Tropidophis spiritus Eirenis thospitis Bitis inornata Montatheris hindii Elapsoidea broadleyi Platyceps messanai Lycophidion multimaculatum Atractus vertebralis Oxyrhopus doliatus Rhadinaea decorata Lycodon flavicollis Tropidophis maculatus Gonionotophis grantii Coronella brachyura Lycodon osmanhilli Hebius deschauenseei Heterodon gloydi Oxyrhopus marcapatae Plagiopholis blakewayi Atractus melanogaster Erythrolamprus longiventris Synophis plectovertebralis Lycodon jara Macroprotodon cucullatus Meizodon plumbiceps Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus Aparallactus lunulatus Fimbrios smithi Uropeltis rubromaculatus Madagascarophis fuchsi Atractus guentheri Micrurus meridensis Simoselaps littoralis Atractus lancinii Hypsiglena unaocularis Uropeltis arcticeps Uropeltis dindigalensis Thamnodynastes ramonriveroi yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Xenodermatidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Anomalepididae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Colubridae Anomalepididae Dipsadidae Cylindrophiidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Uropeltidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Anomalepididae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Pseudoxenodontidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Xenodermatidae Uropeltidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae 430.0 395.0 432.0 490.0 490.0 333.0 350.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 433.0 433.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 434.0 502.0 435.0 503.0 335.0 401.0 350.0 437.0 437.0 330.0 355.0 439.0 381.0 337.0 337.0 337.0 508.2 440.0 455.0 441.0 441.0 510.0 510.0 510.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 443.0 444.0 444.0 360.0 514.0 445.0 340.0 340.0 340.0 363.0 504.0 357.0 460.0 460.0 362.0 362.0 447.0 447.0 412.0 359.0 342.0 342.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 520.0 520.0 520.0 463.0 365.0 520.7 389.0 451.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 343.0 343.0 510.0 510.0 368.0 370.0 363.0 455.0 455.0 455.0 455.0 515.0 457.0 457.0 346.0 395.0 420.0 355.0 530.0 530.0 470.0 395.0 460.0 397.0 430.0 461.0 461.0 357.0 520.0 520.0 473.0 535.0 535.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 465.0 465.0 371.0 525.0 372.0 540.0 350.0 350.0 380.0 542.0 528.0 470.0 470.0 470.0 543.0 375.0 530.0 545.0 545.0 480.0 473.0 473.0 500.0 475.0 476.0 476.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 535.0 440.0 368.0 537.0 479.0 390.0 390.0 480.0 480.0 370.0 370.0 481.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Scolecophidia Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae all snakes Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** all snakes Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Scolecophidia Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Lamprophiidae all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Sensu lato) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Caenophidia** Booidea** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Dipsadidae** -5.381 -4.960 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -8.012 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -4.960 -5.773 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -6.596 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.381 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.219 -6.286 -5.773 -7.456 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -4.960 -5.773 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -5.548 -6.596 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -8.012 -8.012 -6.286 -6.286 -4.819 -5.219 -5.773 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -8.027 -5.525 -5.982 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -6.596 -5.381 -8.027 -5.465 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.773 -6.286 -5.773 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -5.548 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.773 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -4.912 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -4.960 -5.982 -6.286 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.381 2.536 2.410 2.536 2.821 2.821 3.693 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.539 3.693 2.410 2.786 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.407 2.536 3.068 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.536 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.539 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.561 2.821 2.786 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.410 2.786 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.539 3.068 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.882 3.693 3.693 2.821 2.821 2.407 2.561 2.786 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.617 2.627 2.882 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.068 2.536 3.617 2.597 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.821 2.821 3.303 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.786 2.821 2.786 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.539 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.786 2.821 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.340 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.410 2.882 2.821 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.536 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.37 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 19.8 19.9 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.3 20.3 20.3 20.4 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.6 20.6 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.9 20.9 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.5 22.5 22.8 22.8 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.9 23.9 23.9 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.9 24.9 24.9 25.0 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.5 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.9 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.3 26.4 no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no NA NA NA Liophidium chabaudi NA NA Calliophis melanurus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Nothopsis rugosus NA NA Thamnophis chrysocephalus NA Pseudoficimia frontalis NA NA Austrotyphlops ganei NA NA NA Atractus reticulatus Bitis peringueyi NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops platycephalus NA NA Opisthotropis guangxiensis NA Lystrophis matogrossensis NA NA Phyllorhynchus decurtatus NA Dipsina multimaculata NA NA NA Psammophis angolensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Compsophis albiventris NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops richardi NA Ninia atrata NA NA Pseudotomodon trigonatus Psomophis genimaculatus NA NA Thamnodynastes pallidus NA NA NA Thamnophis exsul NA NA NA NA Cylindrophis maculatus Rhinophis blythii Rhinophis dorsimaculatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Psomophis obtusus NA Amblyodipsas dimidiata NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Trachyboa boulengeri NA NA NA Buhoma procterae NA NA Dryocalamus nympha Sympholis lippiens Austrotyphlops diversus NA Rhinotyphlops lalandei NA Taeniophallus nicagus Xenopholis undulatus NA NA NA Eirenis thospitis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lycodon osmanhilli NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Macroprotodon cucullatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA description paper Achalinus meiguensis Hypoptophis wilsonii Xenocalamus michellii Dipsas bicolor Hydromorphus dunni Contia tenuis Sibynomorphus vagus Afrotyphlops manni Amerotyphlops costaricensis Typhlops coecatus Liopeltis tricolor Lycodon laoensis Hebius popei Natriciteres fuliginoides Tropidophis schwartzi Amerotyphlops minuisquamus Achalinus formosanus Achalinus rufescens Asthenodipsas malaccanus Vipera altaica Plectrurus guentheri Atractus paravertebralis Rhadinella kanalchutchan Typhlops biminiensis Plagiopholis nuchalis Antaioserpens warro Aspidomorphus lineaticollis Brachyurophis fasciolatus Brachyurophis semifasciatus Cryptophis incredibilis Drysdalia mastersii Drysdalia rhodogaster Furina diadema Parasuta spectabilis Atractaspis congica Atractaspis duerdeni Polemon griseiceps Psammodynastes pictus Psammophis praeornatus Stegonotus florensis Rhadinella lachrymans Oreocalamus hanitschi Orientocoluber spinalis Ninia psephota Afrotyphlops angeli Indotyphlops tenuicollis Ramphotyphlops cumingii Diaphorolepis laevis Erythrolamprus williamsi Tropidodipsas annuliferus Uropeltis pulneyensis Sinonatrix yunnanensis Pseudalsophis steindachneri Erythrolamprus vitti Lygophis paucidens Amerotyphlops microstomus Apostolepis albicollaris Oxyrhopus erdisii Atheris barbouri Achalinus jinggangensis Aspidura ceylonensis Balanophis ceylonensis Hebius atemporale Natriciteres bipostocularis Opisthotropis andersonii Opisthotropis lateralis Xenochrophis bellula Sibon miskitus Pseudoxenodon bambusicola Apostolepis assimilis Apostolepis flavotorquata Atractus duidensis Atractus riveroi Atractus ventrimaculatus Coniophanes quinquevittatus Coronelaps lepidus Enulius flavitorques Helicops petersi Philodryas agassizii Tropidodipsas repleta Opisthotropis typica Calamaria concolor Polemon acanthias Polemon fulvicollis Rhadinaea pulveriventris Atractus poeppigi Saphenophis tristriatus Atractus loveridgei Afrotyphlops rondoensis Anilios pilbarensis Ramphotyphlops multilineatus Taeniophallus brevirostris Macroprotodon mauritanicus Amerotyphlops tycherus Typhlops golyathi Atractus chthonius Phalotris matogrossensis Rhinophis zigzag Calliophis haematoetron Pseudalsophis slevini Acutotyphlops infralabialis Afrotyphlops obtusus Rhadinaea forbesi Acutotyphlops kunuaensis Ninia espinali Rhadinaea bogertorum Platyplectrurus trilineatus Rhinophis punctatus Uropeltis maculata Ahaetulla perroteti Chapinophis xanthocheilus Oligodon cattienensis Oligodon hamptoni Oligodon taeniolatus Tantilla supracincta Chilorhinophis gerardi Tropidophis preciosus Tantilla moesta Tropidophis galacelidus Rhadinaea calligaster Leptophis stimsoni Rhadinaea cuneata Thamnodynastes gambotensis Tantilla rubra Elapsoidea chelazziorum Atractus francoi Dipsas sanctijoannis Tomodon orestes Oligodon ornatus Atractaspis leucomelas Lytorhynchus ridgewayi Tropidophis semicinctus Pareas margaritophorus Atractus taphorni Thamnodynastes dixoni Hebius kerinciense Boiga barnesii Crotaphopeltis degeni Eirenis modestus Eirenis punctatolineatus Gongylosoma baliodeirus Liopeltis stoliczkae Oligodon signatus Rhabdops bicolor Sibynophis geminatus Stegonotus diehli Tantilla semicincta Telescopus nigriceps Dipsas trinitatis Tachymenis affinis Atheris mabuensis Aspidomorphus schlegelii Adelphicos ibarrorum Coniophanes alvarezi Lycophidion capense Micrurus renjifoi Eryx borrii Eryx somalicus Dasypeltis parascabra Lampropeltis mexicana Opisthotropis maculosa Erythrolamprus ceii Plectrurus aureus Rhinophis sanguineus Uropeltis rubrolineata Hypnale nepa Pseudoxyrhopus quinquelineatus Dipsadoboa underwoodi Rhabdophis auriculata Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris Oxyrhabdium modestum Hebius pealii Trachischium guentheri Opisthotropis cucae yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Xenodermatidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Natricidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Xenodermatidae Xenodermatidae Pareatidae Viperidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Pseudoxenodontidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Xenodermatidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Pseudoxenodontidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Tropidophiidae Pareatidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae 405.0 540.0 540.0 482.0 482.0 483.0 483.0 360.0 360.0 360.0 560.0 560.0 490.0 490.0 385.0 361.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 363.0 375.0 490.0 490.0 363.0 520.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 568.0 493.0 570.0 570.0 494.0 365.0 365.0 365.0 495.0 495.0 495.0 380.0 498.0 403.0 496.0 496.0 366.0 497.0 497.0 369.0 460.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 499.0 530.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 502.0 578.0 560.0 560.0 502.0 503.0 503.0 504.0 370.0 370.0 370.0 505.0 462.0 371.0 371.0 506.0 506.7 388.0 414.0 413.0 372.0 372.0 414.0 373.0 510.0 510.0 390.0 390.0 390.0 590.0 590.0 590.0 590.0 590.0 590.0 570.0 404.0 592.0 405.0 513.0 593.0 514.0 514.0 594.0 420.0 515.0 515.0 515.0 596.0 575.0 597.0 408.0 480.0 518.0 518.0 516.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 520.0 520.0 384.0 425.0 521.0 521.0 580.0 427.0 390.0 390.0 605.0 605.0 520.0 524.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 387.0 584.0 610.0 524.0 588.0 588.0 525.0 525.0 398.0 SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL Caenophidia** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Caenophidia** Caenophidia** Viperidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Sensu lato) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Caenophidia** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Sensu lato) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Elapidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.280 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -7.456 -5.773 -8.012 -4.960 -4.960 -4.960 -6.013 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -4.912 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -7.456 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -4.960 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -4.912 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.525 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -4.819 -5.219 -8.012 -8.012 -5.219 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -5.773 -5.548 -5.773 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -5.773 -4.960 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -4.819 -5.886 -5.886 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -6.013 -6.286 -5.548 -7.456 -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -7.456 -6.223 2.570 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.303 2.786 3.693 2.410 2.410 2.410 2.910 2.882 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.340 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.882 3.303 2.561 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.410 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.340 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.627 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.407 2.561 3.693 3.693 2.561 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.786 2.539 2.786 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.786 2.410 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.407 2.856 2.856 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.910 2.821 2.539 3.303 2.821 2.821 3.303 3.303 2.982 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 26.4 26.4 26.4 26.5 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.3 27.3 27.6 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.9 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.3 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.6 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.9 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.7 29.7 29.7 29.7 29.8 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.8 30.8 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.5 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.8 31.8 31.8 31.9 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.5 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.4 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.8 33.9 yes no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no yes no yes no no no yes no no no no no no no no Achalinus meiguensis NA NA NA NA Contia tenuis NA NA NA NA NA Lycodon laoensis NA NA NA NA NA Achalinus rufescens NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops biminiensis NA NA Aspidomorphus lineaticollis NA Simoselaps semifasciatus NA Drysdalia mastersii NA Furina diadema Suta spectabilis NA NA NA Psammodynastes pictus Psammophis praeornatus NA NA NA Hierophis spinalis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liophis paucidens NA Apostolepis albicollaris NA Atheris barbouri NA Haplocercus ceylonensis Balanophis ceylonensis NA NA NA Opisthotropis lateralis NA NA Pseudoxenodon bambusicola Apostolepis assimilis Apostolepis flavotorquata NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Pseudablabes agassizii NA NA NA Polemon acanthias NA NA NA NA NA NA Austrotyphlops pilbarensis NA Taeniophallus brevirostris NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Letheobia obtusa NA Acutotyphlops kunuaensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon taeniolatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Pareas margaritophorus NA NA NA Boiga barnesii NA Eirenis modestus Eirenis punctatolineatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Aspidomorphus schlegeli NA NA Lycophidion capense NA NA NA NA Lampropeltis mexicana NA Liophis ceii NA NA NA Hypnale nepa NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Lycophidion namibianum Lycophidion ornatum Storeria dekayi Typhlops dominicanus Dasypeltis sahelensis Dryocalamus gracilis Helophis schoutedeni Oligodon woodmasoni Hebius sarasinorum Hydrablabes periops Atractus favae Lycodon tiwarii Magliophis stahli Oligodon lungshenensis Opisthotropis alcalai Uropeltis broughami Eutrachelophis steinbachi Tomodon ocellatus Atractus wagleri Limnophis bangweolicus Aparallactus lineatus Atractaspis corpulenta Atractaspis dahomeyensis Liophidium rhodogaster Micrelaps muelleri Micrurus scutiventris Xenodon nattereri Liopeltis philippinus Oligodon dorsalis Afrotyphlops tanganicanus Ramphotyphlops adocetus Erythrolamprus ocellatus Atheris katangensis Vipera monticola Crotaphopeltis tornieri Dipsadoboa flavida Sibon noalamina Rodriguesophis iglesiasi Rhabdophis guangdongensis Aparallactus niger Lycophidion uzungwense Opisthotropis durandi Sibynomorphus lavillai Cacophis churchilli Drysdalia coronoides Parasuta flagellum Rhinoplocephalus bicolor Simoselaps bimaculatus Coniophanes imperialis Enuliophis sclateri Sibynomorphus oligozonatus Taeniophallus quadriocellatus Natriciteres olivacea Natriciteres sylvatica Opisthotropis jacobi Phytolopsis punctata Oligodon lacroixi Arrhyton taeniatum Ithycyphus blanci Atractus atratus Acutotyphlops subocularis Apostolepis dorbignyi Calamaria lumbricoidea Oligodon catenatus Oligodon inornatus Anilios polygrammicus Atractus carrioni Atractus paraguayensis Dipsas tenuissima Rhadinella montecristi Platyceps noeli Pseudoxyrhopus heterurus Sibon annulatus Sibynomorphus vagrans Oligodon ancorus Pareas nigriceps Erythrolamprus atraventer Hypsirhynchus polylepis Erythrolamprus frenatus Hypsiglena slevini Synophis lasallei Lycodryas inopinae Bitis heraldica Crotalus tancitarensis Trimeresurus brongersmai Parasuta monachus Coniophanes michoacanensis Echinanthera cephalomaculata Compsophis fatsibe Lamprophis aurora Lamprophis guttatus Liophidium vaillanti Lycophidion albomaculatum Coluber zebrinus Dryocalamus tristrigatus Meizodon coronatus Meizodon regularis Compsophis laphystius Rhabdophis conspicillatus Erythrolamprus juliae Anilios endoterus Anilios guentheri Anilios leptosomus Anilios torresianus Letheobia newtoni Xerotyphlops vermicularis Rhadinaea fulvivittis Thamnophis scaliger Rhadinaea omiltemana Apostolepis vittata Lampropeltis extenuata Lycodon odishii Tantilla cucullata Stichophanes ningshaanensis Bitis armata Rhadinella godmani Anilios troglodytes Pliocercus elapoides Urotheca decipiens Cylindrophis isolepis Plectrurus canaricus Pseudotyphlops philippinus Rhinophis oxyrhynchus Coniophanes piceivittis Erythrolamprus trebbaui Phalotris lemniscatus Taeniophallus occipitalis Tretanorhinus taeniatus Toxicocalamus misimae Liodytes pygaea Opisthotropis tamdaoensis Apostolepis multicincta Limnophis bicolor Platyceps largeni Amplorhinus multimaculatus Atractaspis magrettii Hemirhagerrhis hildebrandtii Echinanthera cyanopleura Hypsirhynchus callilaemus Tropidophis feicki Adelphicos daryi Parahelicops annamensis Myersophis alpestris Thamnophis brachystoma Lycodon multizonatus Bitis rubida Causus defilippii Vipera darevskii Karnsophis siantaris Atractus pantostictus Echinanthera cephalostriata Rhadinaea montana Crotaphopeltis braestrupi Leptodeira nigrofasciata Lamprophis abyssinicus Oligodon perkinsi Helicops tapajonicus Phalotris concolor Tachymenis attenuata Urotheca multilineata Thamnodynastes ceibae Melanophidium wynaudense Platyplectrurus madurensis Plectrurus perroteti Oligodon saintgironsi Raclitia indica Lycodryas inornatus Telescopus beetzi Sibon lamari Achalinus werneri Hypsirhynchus funereus Echinanthera amoena Tropidoclonion lineatum Echinanthera undulata yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Pareatidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Cylindrophiidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae 590.0 590.0 527.0 385.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 530.0 530.0 538.0 622.0 438.0 623.0 532.0 410.0 540.0 540.0 541.0 625.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 445.0 442.0 628.0 628.0 390.0 390.0 545.0 400.0 400.0 630.0 630.0 546.0 444.0 537.0 605.0 605.0 538.0 548.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 540.0 540.0 540.0 450.0 636.0 448.0 610.0 552.0 394.0 449.0 640.0 640.0 640.0 395.0 555.0 555.0 555.0 555.0 642.0 615.0 557.0 557.0 645.0 521.0 455.0 455.0 560.0 560.0 560.0 619.0 410.0 410.0 410.0 460.0 561.0 561.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 622.0 550.0 458.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 565.0 420.0 566.0 460.0 654.0 654.0 654.0 655.0 414.0 568.0 402.0 657.0 569.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 430.0 570.0 570.0 570.0 570.0 570.0 468.0 555.0 555.0 464.0 660.0 660.0 630.0 630.0 630.0 465.0 465.0 448.0 574.0 558.0 664.0 559.0 665.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 465.0 469.0 471.0 580.0 670.0 581.0 640.0 672.0 582.0 582.0 582.0 582.0 583.0 440.0 440.0 440.0 676.0 470.0 647.0 680.0 589.0 550.0 479.0 590.0 570.0 480.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** all snakes Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Booidea** Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -5.548 -5.219 -5.548 -7.456 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -4.819 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.219 -7.456 -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -8.027 -5.548 -5.219 -6.286 -5.381 -8.012 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -4.960 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -7.456 -5.219 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -6.223 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -7.456 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.219 -5.219 -5.773 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -7.456 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -8.027 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -5.982 -5.982 -5.548 -8.027 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -4.960 -5.219 -5.381 -7.456 -5.219 2.821 2.821 3.303 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.539 2.561 2.539 3.303 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.407 2.561 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.561 3.303 2.821 2.821 3.303 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.617 2.539 2.561 2.821 2.536 3.693 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.410 2.561 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 3.303 2.561 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.982 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.536 3.693 2.539 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 3.303 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.561 2.561 2.786 2.536 3.303 2.539 3.303 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.617 2.561 2.561 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.882 2.882 2.539 3.617 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.410 2.561 2.536 3.303 2.561 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.54 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.58 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.61 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 33.9 33.9 34.2 34.4 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.9 34.9 35.0 35.1 35.1 35.3 35.3 35.3 35.3 35.3 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.9 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.2 36.2 36.2 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.6 36.7 36.9 36.9 36.9 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.1 37.1 37.1 37.1 37.2 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.4 37.4 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.8 37.9 37.9 37.9 37.9 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.2 38.5 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.8 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.9 39.9 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.2 40.3 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.8 40.8 40.8 40.8 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.6 41.6 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.8 41.9 42.3 42.4 42.4 42.6 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.9 43.3 43.3 43.3 43.4 43.4 44.0 44.0 44.1 44.1 44.2 44.2 44.3 44.4 no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes no yes no yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no yes no yes yes NA Lycophidion ornatum Storeria dekayi Typhlops dominicanus Dasypeltis sahelensis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Atractus wagleri NA NA Atractaspis corpulenta NA Liophidium rhodogaster NA NA Lystrophis nattereri NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Crotaphopeltis tornieri NA NA Phimophis iglesiasi NA NA NA NA NA NA Drysdalia coronoides NA Rhinoplocephalus bicolor NA NA NA NA NA Natriciteres olivacea NA NA Enhydris punctata NA Arrhyton taeniatum NA NA Acutotyphlops subocularis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liophis atraventer Arrhyton polylepis NA Hypsiglena slevini NA Stenophis inopinae NA Crotalus tancitarensis NA Suta monachus NA NA NA Lamprophis aurora Lamprophis guttatus Liophidium vaillanti NA Coluber zebrinus NA NA NA Compsophis laphystius NA Liophis juliae Austrotyphlops endoterus Austrotyphlops guentheri Austrotyphlops leptosomus Ramphotyphlops polygrammicus Rhinotyphlops newtoni Typhlops vermicularis Rhadinaea fulvivittis Thamnophis scaliger NA NA Lampropeltis extenuata NA NA NA NA NA Austrotyphlops troglodytes NA NA NA NA Pseudotyphlops philippinus Rhinophis oxyrhynchus NA NA Phalotris lemniscatus NA NA NA Seminatrix pygaea NA NA NA NA Amplorhinus multimaculatus NA Hemirhagerrhis hildebrandtii NA Arrhyton callilaemum Tropidophis feicki NA NA NA Thamnophis brachystoma NA Bitis rubida Causus defilippii NA NA NA NA NA NA Leptodeira nigrofasciata NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Stenophis inornatus NA NA NA Arrhyton funereum NA Tropidoclonion lineatum Echinanthera undulata Schatti et al. 2014 Aparallactus modestus Atractaspis engaddensis Atractaspis phillipsi Gonionotophis nyassae Homoroselaps lacteus Dipsas gaigeae Rhadinaea hesperia Rhadinella hempsteadae Trachischium laeve Lygophis dilepis Lampropeltis elapsoides Coniophanes lateritius Dipsas brevifacies Tantilla shawi Ramphotyphlops hatmaliyeb Opisthotropis latouchii Atractus vittatus Coniophanes melanocephalus Hypsiglena chlorophaea Saphenophis atahuallpae Xenodon semicinctus Uropeltis ceylanicus Sibynophis chinensis Hebius monticola Opisthotropis daovantieni Atractaspis irregularis Lycodonomorphus whytii Pseudoboodon gascae Madatyphlops mucronatus Tropidophis caymanensis Tropidonophis picturatus Thamnodynastes paraguanae Thamnophis angustirostris Telescopus finkeldeyi Thamnodynastes almae Afrotyphlops elegans Anilios bicolor Anilios hamatus Crotaphopeltis barotseensis Dryocalamus subannulatus Grayia smithii Lycodon orientalis Oligodon arnensis Oligodon octolineatus Platyceps brevis Platyceps elegantissimus Platyceps sinai Platyceps taylori Sibynophis triangularis Stenorrhina freminvillei Lycodon chrysoprateros Erythrolamprus breviceps Brachyurophis australis Cacophis harriettae Denisonia maculata Elapognathus minor Ephalophis greyae Furina barnardi Hydrelaps darwiniensis Parahydrophis mertoni Parapistocalamus hedigeri Atheris acuminata Trimeresurus labialis Ptychophis flavovirgatus Dipsas vermiculata Heterodon simus Sibynomorphus turgidus Sordellina punctata Vermicella snelli Atractaspis microlepidota Polemon robustus Dipsas sazimai Phalotris sansebastiani Letheobia caeca Dipsas bucephala Rhabdophis swinhonis Brachyorrhos gastrotaenius Thamnodynastes longicaudus Apostolepis ambiniger Apostolepis polylepis Tantalophis discolor Tropidodipsas philippii Lampropeltis knoblochi Lycodon hypsirhinoides Chamaelycus parkeri Dipsadoboa aulica Lycodon stormi Sibon longifrenis Vipera anatolica Pseudoeryx relictualis Erythrolamprus janaleeae Argyrophis diardii Oxyrhabdium leporinum Tantilla impensa Hemibungarus calligaster Tropidophis wrighti Dipsas ellipsifera Erythrolamprus ingeri Acanthophis wellsi Uropeltis smithi Atractus elaps Atractus latifrons Hebius khasiense Hebius miyajimae Hebius petersii Hebius sanguineum Opisthotropis spenceri Tropidolaemus philippensis Oligodon cinereus Suta punctata Apostolepis ammodites Heterodon kennerlyi Vermicella vermiformis Dendrelaphis schokari Dipsas viguieri Psammophylax togoensis Rhinotyphlops unitaeniatus Erythrolamprus dorsocorallinus Asthenodipsas laevis Pareas carinatus Chrysopelea pelias Lycodon dumerilii Thamnodynastes rutilus Exiliboa placata Micrurus paraensis Parasuta gouldii Hebius andreae Lycodon travancoricus Atractaspis bibronii Atractaspis boulengeri Liophidium torquatum Lycodonomorphus bicolor Micropisthodon ochraceus Urotheca lateristriga Hebius arquus Leptodeira punctata Bothrolycus ater Hebius frenatum Hebius octolineatum Siphlophis longicaudatus Lycodryas citrinus Thamnodynastes lanei Crotalus transversus Atractus zebrinus Urotheca fulviceps Crotaphopeltis hippocrepis Oligodon formosanus Micrurus circinalis Erythrolamprus guentheri Rhadinaea laureata Rhadinophanes monticola Thamnodynastes hypoconia Pareas boulengeri Pareas monticola Cerrophidion petlalcalensis Macrocalamus jasoni Hebius inas Tropidodipsas fischeri Lycodryas pseudogranuliceps Calliophis castoe Cylindrophis engkariensis Thamnosophis stumpffi Dendrelaphis oliveri Asthenodipsas tropidonotus Hypnale zara Micrurus peruvianus Liopeltis frenatus Zamenis hohenackeri Rhabdophis nuchalis Erythrolamprus viridis Letheobia lumbriciformis Malayotyphlops koekkoeki Typhlops jamaicensis Erythrolamprus almadensis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Natricidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Tropidophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Elapidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Pareatidae Pareatidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Pareatidae Pareatidae Viperidae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Cylindrophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Pareatidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 592.0 592.0 593.0 572.0 482.0 686.0 595.0 596.0 690.0 416.0 577.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 450.0 694.0 578.0 578.0 660.0 660.0 660.0 418.0 470.0 580.0 605.0 581.0 699.0 492.0 420.0 420.0 420.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 551.0 607.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 440.0 440.0 495.0 610.0 610.0 610.0 496.0 504.0 670.0 670.0 498.0 616.0 425.0 501.0 590.0 488.0 619.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 717.0 717.0 680.0 720.0 720.0 624.0 450.0 627.0 509.0 430.0 685.0 725.0 519.0 488.0 630.0 630.0 520.0 470.0 631.0 631.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 455.0 730.0 523.0 634.0 635.0 525.0 735.0 637.0 695.0 435.0 639.0 600.0 600.0 740.0 740.0 641.0 467.0 530.0 530.0 608.0 742.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 643.0 609.0 523.0 702.0 610.0 610.0 525.5 705.0 648.0 465.0 649.0 649.0 750.0 750.0 537.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 610.0 610.0 467.0 752.0 615.0 652.0 710.0 540.0 485.0 711.0 756.0 549.0 407.0 543.0 760.0 760.0 620.0 535.0 445.0 445.0 445.0 660.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae all snakes Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Caenophidia** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Elapidae Booidea** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.982 -5.548 -7.456 -7.456 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -8.012 -5.773 -7.456 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -5.219 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.525 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -5.219 -5.381 -8.012 -5.219 -7.456 -8.027 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -5.381 -5.219 -8.012 -6.286 -5.548 -4.819 -5.773 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -6.013 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -6.286 -8.012 -5.381 -4.960 -4.960 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.886 -4.819 -4.819 -7.456 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -7.456 -5.219 -6.286 -7.456 -7.456 -5.219 -6.286 -5.381 -6.013 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.960 -4.960 -6.013 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -6.286 -4.819 -5.982 -6.286 -5.548 -5.280 -5.165 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.219 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.882 2.539 3.303 3.303 2.821 2.821 2.821 3.693 2.786 3.303 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.561 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.627 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.561 2.536 3.693 2.561 3.303 3.617 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.910 2.536 2.561 3.693 2.821 2.539 2.407 2.786 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.882 2.536 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.910 2.539 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.821 3.693 2.536 2.410 2.410 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.856 2.407 2.407 3.303 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.536 3.303 2.561 2.821 3.303 3.303 2.561 2.821 2.536 2.910 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.410 2.410 2.910 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.821 2.407 2.882 2.821 2.539 2.570 2.655 2.407 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.561 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.536 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.74 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.8 44.8 44.9 45.0 45.2 45.4 45.7 45.7 46.1 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.4 46.4 46.4 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.9 46.9 47.2 47.2 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.8 47.8 48.1 48.2 48.2 48.2 48.3 48.5 48.6 48.6 48.8 49.4 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.8 50.0 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.2 50.4 50.4 50.6 50.9 50.9 51.0 51.0 51.6 51.6 51.7 51.7 51.8 52.0 52.1 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.4 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.7 52.7 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.5 53.6 53.7 53.9 53.9 54.2 54.4 54.4 54.6 54.6 54.6 54.6 54.7 54.7 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.2 55.3 55.4 55.5 55.5 56.0 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.3 56.3 56.5 56.5 56.5 56.6 56.6 56.6 56.6 56.6 56.6 56.8 56.8 57.0 57.0 57.2 57.3 57.3 57.4 57.6 57.6 58.0 58.0 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.8 yes no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no yes no no yes no no yes yes no no no yes yes Aparallactus modestus NA NA Mehelya nyassae Homoroselaps lacteus NA NA NA NA NA Lampropeltis elapsoides NA NA NA NA Opisthotropis latouchii NA NA Hypsiglena chlorophaea NA Lystrophis semicinctus Uropeltis ceylanicus Sibynophis chinensis NA NA Atractaspis irregularis Lycodonomorphus whytii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops elegans Ramphotyphlops bicolor Austrotyphlops hamatus NA NA Grayia smithii NA Oligodon arnensis Oligodon octolineatus NA NA NA NA Sibynophis triangularis Stenorrhina freminvillei NA Liophis breviceps NA NA NA NA Ephalophis greyae NA Hydrelaps darwiniensis Parahydrophis mertoni NA NA NA Ptychophis flavovirgatus NA Heterodon simus Sibynomorphus turgidus Sordellina punctata NA Atractaspis microlepidota NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tantalophis discolor NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oxyrhabdium leporinum NA Hemibungarus calligaster Tropidophis wrighti NA NA NA NA Atractus elaps NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon cinereus NA NA NA NA Dendrelaphis schokari NA NA NA NA NA Pareas carinatus NA NA Thamnodynastes rutilus Exiliboa placata NA NA NA NA Atractaspis bibronii Atractaspis boulengeri Liophidium torquatum NA Micropisthodon ochraceus NA NA Leptodeira punctata Bothrolycus ater NA NA Siphlophis longicaudatus Stenophis citrinus Thamnodynastes lanei Crotalus transversus Atractus zebrinus NA NA Oligodon formosanus NA NA NA NA Thamnodynastes hypoconia Pareas boulengeri Pareas monticola Cerrophidion petlalcalensis NA NA NA Stenophis pseudogranuliceps NA NA Bibilava stumpffi NA NA Hypnale zara NA NA Zamenis hohenackeri Rhabdophis nuchalis NA NA NA Typhlops jamaicensis Liophis almadensis Hypsiglena jani Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha Hypsiglena torquata Imantodes tenuissimus Tachymenis peruviana Toxicocalamus pachysomus Atractus acheronius Lycodon paucifasciatus Clonophis kirtlandii Lycodon carinatus Mastigodryas pulchriceps Atractaspis watsoni Xenocalamus bicolor Tropidophis parkeri Letheobia acutirostrata Conophis morai Sibon anthracops Cryptophis pallidiceps Saphenophis antioquiensis Herpetoreas burbrinki Rhabdophis lineatus Enhydris jagorii Sibon perissostichon Leptodeira uribei Liophidium therezieni Urotheca guentheri Acutotyphlops solomonis Anilios bituberculatus Anilios grypus Letheobia graueri Xylophis perroteti Trimeresurus gracilis Pareas stanleyi Atheris hirsuta Cerastes vipera Mixcoatlus browni Trimeresurus strigatus Opisthotropis kikuzatoi Xenochrophis punctulatus Micrurus nebularis Lycodon capucinus Rhabdops olivaceus Erythrolamprus jaegeri Cryptophis boschmai Elapsoidea laticincta Melanophidium bilineatum Coniophanes andresensis Crotalus armstrongi Hebius craspedogaster Hebius parallelum Dipsas neivai Dipsas temporalis Sibon dimidiatus Oligodon nagao Ramphotyphlops angusticeps Rhinotyphlops ataeniatus Calliophis beddomei Micrurus proximans Ahaetulla dispar Diaphorolepis wagneri Micrurus remotus Philothamnus pobeguini Gerarda prevostiana Paroplocephalus atriceps Trachischium monticola Hypsirhynchus parvifrons Sibynophis melanocephalus Sibon merendonensis Tropidophis stejnegeri Pseudoleptodeira latifasciata Pliocercus euryzonus Uromacerina ricardinii Sibon argus Micrurus albicinctus Leptodeira bakeri Philodryas boliviana Madatyphlops madagascariensis Typhlops arator Liopholidophis rhadinaea Archelaphe bella Coronella austriaca Coronella girondica Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Cyclophiops semicarinatus Dasypeltis latericia Dipsadoboa brevirostris Elachistodon westermanni Elaphe bimaculata Lampropeltis ruthveni Lycodon aulicus Lycodon multifasciatus Meizodon semiornatus Philothamnus dorsalis Philothamnus ornatus Stegonotus heterurus Stenorrhina degenhardtii Trimorphodon tau Lycophidion semicinctum Psammophis ansorgii Pareas vindumi Vipera olguni Dryophiops philippina Eirenis decemlineatus Erythrolamprus andinus Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Leptodeira rubricata Phimophis vittatus Xenodon pulcher Aspidura copei Hebius optatum Hebius vibakari Tropidonophis mcdowelli Gloydius monticola Lycodon muelleri Opheodrys vernalis Symphimus leucostomus Letheobia stejnegeri Nerodia paucimaculata Thamnophis fulvus Erythrolamprus melanotus Gonionotophis stenophthalmus Lamprophis fuscus Cerrophidion tzotzilorum Vipera magnifica Dipsas catesbyi Anomochilus monticola Atractus sanctaemartae Erythrolamprus triscalis Dendrelaphis lorentzi Philothamnus irregularis Parasuta nigriceps Ialtris agyrtes Stoliczkia khasiensis Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus Dipsas articulata Hydrops triangularis Taeniophallus affinis Bothrops alcatraz Psammodynastes pulverulentus Hebius xenura Leptodeira frenata Sibynomorphus mikanii Manolepis putnami Tropidodipsas fasciata Cemophora coccinea Atractus snethlageae Sibynomorphus williamsi Dendrelaphis humayuni Oligodon splendidus Trimeresurus fasciatus Erythrolamprus festae Mixcoatlus barbouri Trimeresurus mutabilis Vipera eriwanensis Tropidophis haetianus Pareas chinensis Acanthophis rugosus Aipysurus apraefrontalis Aipysurus foliosquama Aipysurus fuscus Demansia simplex Denisonia devisi Echiopsis curta Elapsoidea nigra Elapsoidea semiannulata Hemiaspis damelii Hydrophis vorisi Micrurus collaris Micrurus sangilensis Parasuta dwyeri Pseudonaja modesta Sinomicrurus japonicus Suta suta Oxyrhopus leucomelas yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Xenodermatidae Viperidae Pareatidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Elapidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Tropidophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Pareatidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Anomochilidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Xenodermatidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Tropidophiidae Pareatidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae 660.0 660.0 660.0 660.0 660.0 546.0 536.0 763.0 622.0 600.0 765.0 720.0 720.0 512.0 447.0 664.0 664.0 550.0 665.0 625.0 625.0 515.0 668.0 542.0 726.0 670.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 630.0 479.0 630.5 480.0 480.0 480.0 480.0 630.0 630.0 557.0 780.0 780.0 676.0 560.0 560.0 500.0 550.0 484.0 635.0 635.0 680.0 680.0 680.0 786.0 455.0 455.0 565.0 565.0 788.0 684.0 567.0 790.0 525.0 569.0 640.0 557.0 793.0 687.0 529.0 688.0 795.0 689.0 690.0 573.0 691.0 692.0 460.0 460.0 749.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 750.0 750.0 657.0 496.0 806.0 807.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 498.0 634.0 810.0 810.0 465.0 652.0 652.0 704.0 760.0 760.0 500.0 500.0 705.0 521.0 710.0 710.0 820.0 820.0 590.0 576.0 670.0 577.0 712.0 712.0 712.0 505.0 770.0 660.0 715.0 580.0 717.0 717.0 828.0 718.0 718.0 830.0 830.0 509.0 720.0 510.0 510.0 510.0 552.0 680.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 722.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae all snakes Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Viperidae Caenophidia** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** all snakes Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Caenophidia** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae all snakes Caenophidia** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.219 -5.548 -7.456 -5.525 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -5.773 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -8.027 -5.381 -5.219 -6.286 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.960 -6.013 -4.960 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -7.456 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -5.982 -5.219 -6.013 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -8.027 -4.819 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -5.773 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -8.012 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -4.960 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -6.013 -5.525 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.219 -4.960 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -6.286 -7.456 -5.381 -5.219 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -5.381 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.773 -4.960 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.561 2.539 3.303 2.627 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.786 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.617 2.536 2.561 2.821 2.536 3.693 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.410 2.910 2.410 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.882 2.561 2.910 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.407 2.539 3.617 2.407 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.786 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.536 2.536 3.693 3.693 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.410 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.910 2.627 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.536 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.561 2.410 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.821 3.303 2.536 2.561 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.536 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.786 2.410 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.536 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.82 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.9 59.0 59.1 59.3 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.6 59.6 59.7 59.7 59.8 59.9 60.1 60.1 60.5 60.6 60.6 60.9 61.1 61.1 61.1 61.1 61.1 61.2 61.2 61.3 61.6 61.6 61.6 61.6 61.7 61.7 61.7 62.4 62.4 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.6 63.0 63.1 63.3 63.3 63.4 63.4 63.4 63.6 63.7 63.7 63.9 63.9 64.0 64.4 64.4 64.4 64.8 64.9 65.0 65.0 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.5 65.6 65.8 66.1 66.1 66.3 66.3 66.3 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.8 66.8 67.7 67.7 67.8 68.0 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.4 68.4 68.4 68.4 68.5 68.6 68.7 68.7 69.0 69.1 69.1 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.5 70.5 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.9 70.9 70.9 71.2 71.3 71.3 71.3 71.4 71.9 71.9 72.0 72.1 72.5 72.5 72.6 72.8 72.8 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.3 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes no no yes no no no yes no yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes no no no no no no yes no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no Hypsiglena jani Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha Hypsiglena torquata NA Tachymenis peruviana NA NA Lycodon paucifasciatus Clonophis kirtlandii Cercaspis carinatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Enhydris jagorii NA Pseudoleptodeira uribei Liophidium therezieni NA NA Austrotyphlops bituberculatus Austrotyphlops grypus NA NA Trimeresurus gracilis NA NA Cerastes vipera NA NA NA Xenochrophis punctulatus NA Lycodon capucinus NA Liophis jaegeri NA NA NA NA NA Amphiesma craspedogaster NA Dipsas neivai NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gerarda prevostiana Echiopsis atriceps Trachischium monticola Antillophis parvifrons NA NA NA Pseudoleptodeira latifasciata NA NA NA Micrurus albicinctus Leptodeira bakeri NA NA Typhlops arator NA Maculophis bella Coronella austriaca Coronella girondica NA NA NA NA NA Elaphe bimaculata Lampropeltis ruthveni Lycodon aulicus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Eirenis decemlineatus NA Liophis poecilogyrus Leptodeira rubricata NA Lystrophis pulcher NA NA NA NA NA NA Opheodrys vernalis NA NA NA Thamnophis fulvus NA Mehelya stenophthalmus Lamprophis fuscus Cerrophidion tzotzilorum NA Dipsas catesbyi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus Dipsas articulata Hydrops triangularis Taeniophallus affinis Bothrops alcatraz Psammodynastes pulverulentus NA Leptodeira frenata Sibynomorphus mikanii Manolepis putnami NA Cemophora coccinea NA NA NA Oligodon splendidus Cryptelytrops fasciatus NA Cerrophidion barbouri NA Vipera eriwanensis Tropidophis haetianus NA NA Aipysurus apraefrontalis NA Aipysurus fuscus NA Denisonia devisi Echiopsis curta Elapsoidea nigra Elapsoidea semiannulata Hemiaspis damelii NA NA NA NA Pseudonaja modesta Sinomicrurus japonicus Suta suta NA Trape and Balde 2014 Uropeltis ocellata Pareas formosensis Erythrolamprus albertguentheri Boaedon maculatus Amastridium sapperi Amastridium veliferum Cryophis hallbergi Urotheca pachyura Argyrophis muelleri Dendrophidion bivittatus Thamnophis godmani Enhydris chanardi Vermicella intermedia Telescopus tripolitanus Dipsas albifrons Thermophis baileyi Tretanorhinus mocquardi Hypsirhynchus scalaris Letheobia debilis Atractus titanicus Dipsas praeornata Hydrophis laboutei Toxicocalamus stanleyanus Toxicocalamus mintoni Cyclophiops herminae Philothamnus carinatus Sibynophis collaris Afrotyphlops gierrai Ramphotyphlops lineatus Ramphotyphlops olivaceus Micrurus filiformis Lygophis lineatus Oligodon ocellatus Uropeltis myhendrae Crotalus tlaloci Oligodon juglandifer Cryptophis nigrostriatus Leptophis nebulosus Philodryas cordata Pareas iwasakii Xenodermus javanicus Lycodon solivagus Dipsas alternans Opisthotropis kuatunensis Elapsoidea guentherii Suta fasciata Toxicocalamus holopelturus Dipsas incerta Helicops apiaka Lygophis elegantissimus Afrotyphlops bibronii Hydrops caesurus Polemon gabonensis Pythonodipsas carinata Pareas hamptoni Boaedon radfordi Oligodon joynsoni Lycodon liuchengchaoi Psammophylax multisquamis Atractus depressiocellus Coniophanes bipunctatus Lygophis vanzolinii Oxyrhopus fitzingeri Micrurus oligoanellatus Dendrophidion brunneum Pseudoxenodon baramensis Hypsiscopus plumbea Erythrolamprus ornatus Pseudocerastes urarachnoides Cylindrophis boulengeri Atractus torquatus Phalotris labiomaculatus Lygophis flavifrenatus Atractaspis aterrima Polemon barthii Pareas nuchalis Helicops yacu Hebius beddomei Hypsiscopus matannensis Letheobia rufescens Micrurus spurrelli Lygophis anomalus Pantherophis ramspotti Atractus obesus Elaphe zoigeensis Porthidium volcanicum Dipsas pavonina Pseudoboodon boehmei Psammophis crucifer Crotalus ericsmithi Melanophidium punctatum Dipsas gracilis Echinanthera melanostigma Tachymenis chilensis Symphimus mayae Sibynomorphus petersi Trachischium fuscum Xenochrophis vittatus Atractus albuquerquei Madagascarophis ocellatus Porthidium dunni Thamnosophis lateralis Lycodon fasciatus Hypsirhynchus melanichnus Leptodeira maculata Liodytes alleni Micrurus dissoleucus Sinomicrurus hatori Sinomicrurus sauteri Toxicocalamus longissimus Saphenophis boursieri Dendrelaphis bifrenalis Dendrelaphis biloreatus Dendrelaphis underwoodi Oligodon purpurascens Philothamnus battersbyi Philothamnus bequaerti Philothamnus thomensis Scaphiodontophis annulatus Scaphiodontophis venustissimus Telescopus variegatus Borikenophis variegatus Gloydius strauchi Anilios australis Anilios ligatus Helicops modestus Apostolepis dimidiata Hebius bitaeniatum Tropidophis bucculentus Dendrelaphis walli Lycodryas carleti Lycodryas gaimardi Atheris ceratophora Bitis atropos Hypnale hypnale Porthidium yucatanicum Thamnophis mendax Polemon christyi Lycodon ophiophagus Cyclophiops doriae Philothamnus girardi Lycodon fausti Leptodeira rhombifera Saphenophis sneiderni Sibynomorphus oneilli Aspidomorphus muelleri Calliophis bibroni Micruroides euryxanthus Stoliczkia borneensis Rhabdophis callichroma Lampropeltis gentilis Afrotyphlops decorosus Thamnosophis mavotenda Echis borkini Dipsas pakaraima Coniophanes fissidens Tomodon dorsatum Calamaria battersbyi Dryocalamus davisonii Philothamnus macrops Hydromorphus concolor Micrurus medemi Amblyodipsas concolor Atractaspis scorteccii Hormonotus modestus Lycodonomorphus rufulus Xenocalamus mechowii Micrurus petersi Atractus major Erythrolamprus epinephelus Oxyrhopus clathratus Phalotris lativittatus Synophis bicolor Thamnodynastes chaquensis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Uropeltidae Pareatidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Natricidae Homalopsidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Uropeltidae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Pareatidae Xenodermatidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Pareatidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Pseudoxenodontidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Cylindrophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Pareatidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Viperidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Uropeltidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Tropidophiidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Xenodermatidae Natricidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae 530.0 682.0 723.0 780.0 725.0 725.0 725.0 725.0 475.0 839.0 520.0 547.0 605.0 840.0 590.0 590.0 730.0 592.0 478.0 733.0 733.0 610.0 610.0 611.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 480.0 480.0 480.0 613.0 737.0 852.0 540.0 521.0 853.0 615.0 854.0 740.0 700.0 700.0 670.0 602.0 680.0 620.0 620.0 620.0 745.0 745.0 745.0 484.0 604.0 800.0 800.0 705.0 801.0 865.0 676.0 804.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 625.0 867.0 825.0 560.0 610.0 530.0 550.0 754.0 754.0 755.0 810.0 810.0 715.0 613.0 690.0 563.0 490.0 633.0 760.0 879.0 762.0 880.0 536.0 765.0 820.0 822.0 540.0 560.0 770.0 770.0 770.0 890.0 771.0 700.0 700.0 772.0 826.0 542.0 828.0 895.0 630.0 630.0 705.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 779.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 780.0 547.0 500.0 500.0 633.0 634.0 708.0 596.0 905.0 837.0 837.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0 710.0 840.0 909.0 910.0 910.0 710.0 790.0 790.0 790.0 660.0 660.0 660.0 750.0 714.0 914.0 505.0 846.0 555.0 794.0 795.0 645.0 920.0 920.0 920.0 797.0 666.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 667.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Booidea** Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Caenophidia** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Sensu lato) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Caenophidia** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Caenophidia** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** -5.982 -4.960 -5.381 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.548 -6.223 -8.027 -4.819 -5.548 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -5.219 -8.012 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -8.012 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.982 -6.013 -5.548 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -4.960 -4.960 -5.525 -5.219 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -8.012 -5.219 -6.286 -6.286 -4.960 -6.286 -5.548 -5.525 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -4.912 -8.027 -5.219 -6.013 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -4.960 -5.219 -7.456 -8.027 -8.012 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -6.013 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.013 -5.982 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -5.381 -6.286 -6.013 -6.286 -5.548 -5.219 -5.219 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -8.012 -8.012 -5.219 -5.219 -7.456 -5.773 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.525 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.960 -7.456 -5.548 -8.012 -6.286 -6.013 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 2.882 2.410 2.536 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.539 2.982 3.617 2.407 2.539 2.561 2.561 2.536 2.561 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.693 3.693 3.693 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.882 2.910 2.539 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.410 2.410 2.627 2.561 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 3.693 2.561 2.821 2.821 2.410 2.821 2.539 2.627 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.539 2.340 3.617 2.561 2.910 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.410 2.561 3.303 3.617 3.693 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.910 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.910 2.882 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.536 3.303 3.303 2.536 2.821 2.910 2.821 2.539 2.561 2.561 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.910 3.693 3.693 2.561 2.561 3.303 2.786 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.627 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.410 3.303 2.539 3.693 2.821 2.910 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.91 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 74.0 74.0 74.1 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 75.1 75.2 75.2 75.3 75.3 75.4 75.4 75.9 76.0 76.4 76.7 76.7 76.8 76.8 77.1 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.7 77.8 78.1 78.1 78.2 78.3 78.3 78.5 78.6 78.8 78.8 79.3 79.3 79.4 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 80.0 80.0 80.1 80.1 80.2 80.4 81.1 81.1 81.2 81.3 81.3 81.3 81.3 81.4 81.6 81.8 81.9 82.1 82.2 82.4 82.4 82.4 82.7 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.1 83.3 83.5 83.7 83.9 84.1 84.5 84.7 84.7 84.9 85.5 85.9 86.5 86.7 86.8 86.9 86.9 86.9 87.2 87.2 87.4 87.4 87.5 87.7 87.7 88.3 88.4 89.1 89.1 89.4 89.5 89.5 89.5 89.5 89.5 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.7 89.8 90.1 90.2 90.2 90.2 90.6 90.7 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.5 91.5 91.5 91.5 91.6 91.9 92.0 92.3 92.3 92.3 92.8 92.8 92.8 92.8 92.8 92.8 93.1 93.3 93.3 93.6 93.8 93.9 94.0 94.3 94.7 94.9 94.9 94.9 94.9 94.9 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.2 95.8 95.8 95.8 95.8 95.8 95.8 no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes no yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no no yes no no yes no no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes no yes no yes no no no no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes no no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes no no no yes yes no no no yes yes yes no no NA Pareas formosensis NA NA NA Amastridium veliferum Cryophis hallbergi NA NA NA Thamnophis godmani NA Vermicella intermedia NA Dipsas albifrons Thermophis baileyi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Philothamnus carinatus Sibynophis collaris NA Ramphotyphlops lineatus NA NA Liophis lineatus Oligodon ocellatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Xenodermus javanicus NA NA NA NA Suta fasciata NA NA NA Liophis elegantissimus Typhlops bibronii NA NA Pythonodipsas carinata Pareas hamptoni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Enhydris plumbea NA NA NA NA NA Liophis flavifrenatus NA NA Pareas nuchalis NA NA Enhydris matannensis NA NA Liophis anomalus NA NA NA NA NA NA Psammophis crucifer NA Melanophidium punctatum NA Echinanthera melanostigma NA NA NA NA Xenochrophis vittatus Atractus albuquerquei NA Porthidium dunni Bibilava lateralis Lycodon fasciatus NA Leptodeira maculata Regina alleni Micrurus dissoleucus NA NA NA NA Dendrelaphis bifrenalis NA NA NA NA NA Philothamnus thomensis Scaphiodontophis annulatus NA NA NA Gloydius strauchi Austrotyphlops australis Austrotyphlops ligatus NA Apostolepis dimidiata NA NA NA NA NA Atheris ceratophora Bitis atropos Hypnale hypnale Porthidium yucatanicum Thamnophis mendax NA NA NA Philothamnus girardi NA NA NA NA Aspidomorphus muelleri NA Micruroides euryxanthus Stoliczkaia borneensis NA NA NA NA NA NA Coniophanes fissidens Tomodon dorsatus NA NA NA Hydromorphus concolor NA NA NA Hormonotus modestus Lycodonomorphus rufulus NA NA NA Liophis epinephelus Oxyrhopus clathratus Phalotris lativittatus NA NA Thamnodynastes strigatus Xenodon dorbignyi Xenodon guentheri Xenodon neuwiedii Hebius modestum Asthenodipsas vertebralis Dendrophidion crybelum Lygophis meridionalis Micrurus decoratus Bitis worthingtoni Echis megalocephalus Gyiophis vorisi Helicops scalaris Rhadinaea gaigeae Ovophis tonkinensis Letheobia jubana Philothamnus nitidus Platyceps gracilis Micrurus nattereri Hebius clerki Polemon collaris Philothamnus hughesi Pseudoxenodon stejnegeri Anilios splendidus Lycodon alcalai Erythrolamprus reginae Helicops leopardinus Micrurus tamaulipensis Chironius challenger Plesiodipsas perijanensis Asthenodipsas lasgalenensis Elapsoidea loveridgei Lycodon futsingensis Oligodon cyclurus Tropidonophis negrosensis Sibynomorphus neuwiedi Micrurus ruatanus Thamnodynastes sertanejo Crotalus campbelli Drymoluber apurimacensis Madagascarophis meridionalis Crotalus intermedius Gloydius liupanensis Dendrelaphis haasi Dipsas nicholsi Trimeresurus rubeus Atropoides indomitus Ithycyphus goudoti Elapognathus coronatus Toxicocalamus loriae Thamnophis butleri Dendrelaphis girii Letheobia sudanensis Dipsas pratti Erythrolamprus cursor Myron richardsonii Dipsadoboa weileri Philothamnus heterodermus Philothamnus hoplogaster Philothamnus ruandae Mixcoatlus melanurus Amerotyphlops reticulatus Emydocephalus szczerbaki Porthidium hespere Lycodon gongshan Hierophis andreanus Ovophis zayuensis Trimeresurus macrolepis Acanthophis praelongus Aipysurus duboisii Elapsoidea trapei Furina dunmalli Furina ornata Hemiaspis signata Hydrophis inornatus Hydrophis semperi Drepanoides anomalus Tropidodryas striaticeps Liopholidophis varius Letheobia kibarae Achalinus niger Thamnosophis martae Dipsas andiana Afronatrix anoscopus Atretium yunnanensis Hebius flavifrons Macropisthodon rhodomelas Acanthophis pyrrhus Leptodrymus pulcherrimus Psammophis leithii Erythrolamprus miliaris Platyceps insulanus Calliophis intestinalis Micrurus hippocrepis Ahaetulla fronticincta Dendrophidion vinitor Miralia alternans Atractaspis andersonii Boaedon olivaceus Boaedon virgatus Inyoka swazicus Conophis vittatus Eryx muelleri Vipera barani Vipera dinniki Simophis rhinostoma Thamnophis postremus Demansia flagellatio Micrurus averyi Thamnophis sumichrasti Erythrolamprus typhlus Phisalixella arctifasciata Philodryas livida Cubophis brooksi Tropidodipsas sartorii Bamanophis dorri Thamnophis scalaris Dendrelaphis grismeri Lamprophis geometricus Atractus serranus Alsophis antiguae Caraiba andreae Cubophis fuscicauda Pseudoboodon sandfordorum Boiga flaviviridis Chrysopelea taprobanica Dasypeltis confusa Dasypeltis inornata Dasypeltis medici Dendrelaphis salomonis Dendrelaphis striatus Drymoluber brazili Elaphe dione Leptophis riveti Lycodon butleri Lycodon effraenis Philothamnus heterolepidotus Platyceps collaris Platyceps florulentus Platyceps karelini Stegonotus modestus Telescopus rhinopoma Zamenis situla Micrurus annellatus Thamnosophis epistibes Atheris anisolepis Bitis caudalis Bothrops pictus Echis khosatzkii Gloydius tsushimaensis Proatheris superciliaris Vipera lotievi Vipera pontica Vipera ursinii Dendrophidion prolixum Thamnophis nigronuchalis Diadophis punctatus Atractaspis micropholis Thamnosophis infrasignatus Micrurus elegans Afrotyphlops anomalus Letheobia gracilis Erythrolamprus cobella Xenodon rabdocephalus Siphlophis leucocephalus Oligodon kheriensis Calliophis gracilis Demansia quaesitor Hydrophis sibauensis Micrurus limbatus Trimeresurus cardamomensis Cylindrophis yamdena Xenopeltis hainanensis Hebius leucomystax yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Pareatidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Pseudoxenodontidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Pareatidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Xenodermatidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Cylindrophiidae Xenopeltidae Natricidae 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 720.0 760.0 925.0 649.0 670.0 560.0 560.0 586.0 650.0 650.0 561.0 510.0 930.0 930.0 674.0 725.0 860.0 933.0 893.0 512.0 728.0 810.0 810.0 678.0 937.0 812.0 771.0 680.0 940.0 940.0 730.0 660.0 682.0 661.0 569.0 944.0 870.0 570.0 570.0 945.0 821.0 505.0 573.0 875.0 690.0 690.0 737.0 743.0 520.0 670.0 671.0 600.0 960.0 960.0 960.0 960.0 578.0 522.0 697.0 579.0 963.0 750.0 580.0 580.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 837.0 678.0 889.0 525.0 800.0 893.0 843.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 708.0 975.0 895.0 684.0 760.0 710.0 710.0 980.0 980.0 610.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 850.0 600.0 590.0 590.0 765.0 595.0 715.0 715.0 756.0 853.0 905.0 693.0 1360.0 857.0 995.0 601.0 775.0 914.0 865.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 915.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 728.0 917.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 600.0 1003.0 767.0 870.0 920.0 920.0 733.0 540.0 540.0 875.0 875.0 708.0 1010.0 735.0 735.0 735.0 735.0 536.0 628.0 628.0 772.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL SVL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Sensu lato) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Caenophidia** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Booidea** Booidea** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.381 -5.381 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2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.407 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.655 2.882 2.882 3.303 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 1.99 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 95.8 95.8 95.8 95.8 95.9 96.1 96.2 96.2 96.2 96.4 96.4 96.5 96.6 96.6 96.9 97.1 97.5 97.5 97.6 98.1 98.2 98.3 98.4 98.5 98.6 98.8 98.8 99.0 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.7 100.2 100.2 100.4 100.4 100.4 100.8 101.0 101.3 101.5 101.5 101.5 101.5 102.3 102.9 103.1 103.1 103.3 103.3 103.6 104.0 104.3 104.4 104.8 105.1 105.7 105.7 105.7 105.7 105.7 105.8 105.8 106.3 106.5 106.6 106.8 106.8 106.9 106.9 106.9 106.9 106.9 106.9 106.9 106.9 107.4 107.6 107.9 108.0 108.8 109.2 109.4 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.9 109.9 109.9 110.0 110.4 110.7 110.7 111.4 111.4 111.6 111.7 111.7 111.7 111.7 111.7 111.8 112.2 112.2 112.3 112.4 112.5 112.5 112.7 112.7 113.4 113.8 114.0 114.0 115.7 115.8 116.2 116.6 116.8 116.8 116.8 116.8 117.0 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.2 117.5 117.7 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 118.1 118.2 118.5 118.8 118.8 119.5 119.9 119.9 120.2 120.2 120.2 120.2 120.3 120.3 120.3 120.3 120.5 120.7 120.7 120.7 yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no no yes no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no Thamnodynastes strigatus Lystrophis dorbignyi Xenodon guentheri Xenodon neuwiedii NA Asthenodipsas vertebralis NA Liophis meridionalis Micrurus decoratus Bitis worthingtoni NA NA NA NA Ovophis tonkinensis NA Philothamnus nitidus NA NA NA Polemon collaris NA NA Austrotyphlops splendidus NA Liophis reginae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Oligodon cyclurus NA Sibynomorphus neuwiedi NA NA NA NA Madagascarophis meridionalis Crotalus intermedius NA NA NA NA NA NA Elapognathus coronata Toxicocalamus loriae Thamnophis butleri NA NA Dipsas pratti NA Myron richardsonii NA Philothamnus heterodermus Philothamnus hoplogaster NA Ophryacus melanurus Typhlops reticulatus NA NA NA NA Ovophis zayuensis NA Acanthophis praelongus Aipysurus duboisii NA NA Furina ornata Hemiaspis signata NA Hydrophis semperi Drepanoides anomalus Tropidodryas striaticeps NA NA NA Bibilava martae NA Afronatrix anoscopus Atretium yunnanensis NA NA NA NA NA Liophis miliaris NA NA NA Ahaetulla fronticincta NA NA NA Lamprophis olivaceus Lamprophis virgatus Lamprophis swazicus NA NA Vipera barani Vipera dinniki NA NA NA NA Thamnophis sumichrasti Liophis typhlus NA NA NA Tropidodipsas sartorii Coluber dorri NA NA NA NA Alsophis antiguae Antillophis andreae NA NA NA Chrysopelea taprobanica Dasypeltis confusa NA NA NA NA Drymoluber brazili Elaphe dione NA NA NA NA Platyceps collaris Platyceps florulentus Platyceps karelini NA NA Zamenis situla NA Bibilava epistibes NA Bitis caudalis Bothrops pictus NA Gloydius tsushimaensis Proatheris superciliaris Vipera lotievi NA Vipera ursinii NA NA Diadophis punctatus Atractaspis micropholis Bibilava infrasignatus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Thamnophis pulchrilatus Phalotris tricolor Helicops trivittatus Oligodon albocinctus Imantodes gemmistratus Rhadinaea taeniata Aplopeltura boa Lycodonomorphus leleupi Psammophylax tritaeniatus Erythrolamprus taeniurus Mastigodryas danieli Dasypeltis gansi Telescopus hoogstraali Compsophis infralineatus Bothrops lojanus Tretanorhinus nigroluteus Micrurus stuarti Leptodeira splendida Dendrelaphis ashoki Hebius sarawacense Hebius venningi Djokoiskandarus annulata Philodryas simonsii Aspidelaps scutatus Cacophis squamulosus Micrurus mosquitensis Telescopus tessellatus Ditaxodon taeniatus Platyceps afarensis Anilios pinguis Letheobia somalica Oxyrhopus rhombifer Trimorphodon vilkinsonii Pararhabdophis chapaensis Suta ordensis Dendrophidion apharocybe Toxicocalamus preussi Dendrelaphis papuensis Telescopus semiannulatus Brachyorrhos raffrayi Dipsas variegata Erythrolamprus taeniogaster Philodryas amaru Dendrophidion graciliverpa Lampropeltis annulata Liodytes rigida Lycodon ruhstrati Eryx jayakari Elapsoidea boulengeri Micrurus bogerti Micrurus langsdorffi Thermophis zhaoermii Micrurus margaritiferus Amphiesma stolatum Natrix maura Rhabdophis callistus Rhabdophis subminiatus Lycodon rosozonatus Pseudoboodon lemniscatus Dipsas elegans Dipsas schunkii Ialtris parishi Siphlophis worontzowi Grayia ornata Toxicocalamus spilolepidotus Porthidium nasutum Mastigodryas bruesi Erythrolamprus aesculapii Oxyrhopus vanidicus Cyclophiops hamptoni Cyclophiops multicinctus Platyceps ladacensis Siphlophis ayauma Sumatranus albomaculata Crotalus lannomi Liophidium mayottensis Erythrolamprus pseudocorallus Antaresia perthensis Bothrops itapetiningae Polemon bocourti Ahaetulla mycterizans Eirenis persicus Atheris rungweensis Trimeresurus truongsonensis Alsophis danforthi Atheris matildae Thamnophis rossmani Lampropeltis pyromelana Micrurus pachecogili Helicops hagmanni Rhabdophis barbouri Tropidonophis novaeguineae Cerrophidion wilsoni Trimeresurus honsonensis Demansia calodera Demansia reticulata Demansia rufescens Hoplocephalus bitorquatus Hydrophis macdowelli Hydrophis zweifeli Loveridgelaps elapoides Micrurus laticollaris Naja multifasciata Sinomicrurus kelloggi Xenochrophis cerasogaster Dipsas peruana Phalotris nasutus Pseudoxyrhopus tritaeniatus Atheris subocularis Bitis xeropaga Causus bilineatus Gloydius ussuriensis Vipera orlovi Hebius concelarum Afrotyphlops nigrocandidus Boiga dightoni Boiga ochracea Dasypeltis atra Dasypeltis palmarum Grayia caesar Hapsidophrys lineatus Hapsidophrys smaragdina Stegonotus parvus Micrurus putumayensis Langaha madagascariensis Mimophis mahfalensis Psammophis biseriatus Psammophis leightoni Psammophis notostictus Psammophis tanganicus Hypsirhynchus ferox Psammophis zambiensis Demansia shinei Thalassophis anomalus Leptodeira polysticta Phimophis guianensis Ungaliophis panamensis Boaedon upembae Lycodonomorphus subtaeniatus Pseudoxenodon inornatus Dendrelaphis gastrostictus Hydrophis caerulescens Hydrophis mamillaris Micrurus bocourti Micrurus serranus Demansia torquata Lycodryas granuliceps Alsophis rijgersmaei Philodryas georgeboulengeri Micrurus bernadi Amphiesmoides ornaticeps Dendrelaphis subocularis Salvadora bairdi Naja mandalayensis Montivipera kuhrangica Trimeresurus kanburiensis Laticauda frontalis Dendrelaphis chairecacos Micrurus clarki Crotalus pricei Crotalus willardi Echis ocellatus Micrurus stewarti Erythrolamprus perfuscus Mastigodryas dorsalis Demansia olivacea Helicops danieli Tretanorhinus variabilis Salvadora hexalepis Phalotris nigrilatus Myrrophis bennettii Hemorrhois algirus Sinomicrurus macclellandi Macropisthodon flaviceps yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Pareatidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Colubridae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Pythonidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Pseudoxenodontidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Elapidae Natricidae 772.0 710.0 711.0 1015.0 880.0 880.0 840.0 930.0 930.0 882.0 1019.0 1020.0 1020.0 933.0 610.0 885.0 745.0 888.0 1025.0 780.0 780.0 630.0 891.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 1030.0 894.0 1035.0 550.0 550.0 900.0 1041.0 790.0 760.0 1045.0 765.0 1050.0 1050.0 640.0 912.0 738.0 913.0 1054.0 1054.0 797.0 1055.0 640.0 770.0 770.0 770.0 917.0 773.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 1060.0 965.0 919.0 920.0 745.0 746.0 1065.0 780.0 635.0 830.0 927.0 927.0 1070.0 1070.0 1072.0 930.0 650.0 638.0 978.0 933.0 600.0 570.0 980.0 1080.0 1080.0 642.0 642.0 940.0 643.0 648.0 1088.0 795.0 945.0 820.0 820.0 648.0 648.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 821.0 950.0 950.0 995.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 650.0 823.0 573.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 805.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 773.0 1001.0 808.0 810.0 960.0 960.0 670.0 1009.0 1009.0 1082.0 1120.0 820.0 820.0 820.0 822.0 825.0 1020.0 790.0 790.0 826.0 840.0 1130.0 1130.0 828.0 667.0 667.0 783.0 1135.0 832.0 670.0 670.0 670.0 833.0 797.0 1140.0 835.0 800.0 800.0 1143.0 991.0 680.0 1145.0 840.0 850.0 TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Caenophidia** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Boidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Sensu lato) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) -7.456 -5.219 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -4.960 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.013 -5.381 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -7.456 -7.456 -8.027 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -5.381 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -5.548 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -8.027 -5.381 -5.219 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.548 -5.886 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -4.819 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.548 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.219 -5.548 -4.819 -6.013 -5.525 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -8.027 -6.013 -6.286 -5.381 -5.216 -5.165 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -6.013 -6.223 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -8.012 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.219 -6.286 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.886 -6.286 -6.286 -4.912 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.286 -5.219 -5.219 -4.819 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -4.892 -5.548 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -5.219 -5.548 -4.819 -5.219 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -8.027 -5.548 -4.819 -7.456 3.303 2.561 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.410 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.910 2.536 2.407 2.536 2.539 3.303 3.303 3.617 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.536 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.539 2.407 2.539 2.539 3.617 2.536 2.561 2.536 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.539 2.856 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.407 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.539 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.561 2.539 2.407 2.910 2.627 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 3.617 2.910 2.821 2.536 2.652 2.655 2.821 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.536 2.910 2.982 2.539 2.407 2.536 3.303 3.303 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 3.693 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.561 2.821 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.856 2.821 2.821 2.340 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.821 2.561 2.561 2.407 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.453 2.539 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.561 2.539 2.407 2.561 2.561 2.539 2.536 3.617 2.539 2.407 3.303 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.09 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 120.7 121.1 121.5 121.7 122.0 122.0 122.3 122.5 122.5 122.7 123.0 123.3 123.3 123.6 123.7 123.7 124.2 124.8 124.8 124.9 124.9 125.4 125.9 126.3 126.3 126.3 126.4 126.9 127.9 128.3 128.3 129.1 129.8 130.3 130.4 131.1 132.4 132.7 132.7 132.7 133.5 133.7 133.9 134.0 134.0 134.1 134.3 134.4 134.5 134.5 134.5 135.4 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.9 135.9 136.1 136.5 137.0 137.4 137.5 138.8 139.0 139.1 139.2 139.2 139.2 139.2 139.9 140.3 140.4 140.9 141.2 141.5 141.8 141.9 142.0 142.5 142.5 143.5 143.5 144.2 144.2 144.9 145.2 145.3 146.1 147.3 147.3 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.5 147.9 148.1 148.1 148.2 148.8 148.8 148.8 148.8 148.8 149.1 149.2 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.3 149.7 150.3 150.3 150.3 150.3 150.3 150.3 150.5 150.7 151.1 152.0 152.1 152.1 153.2 154.2 154.2 154.2 156.3 156.5 156.5 156.5 157.4 158.8 159.0 159.2 159.2 159.3 159.5 159.9 159.9 160.2 160.4 160.4 160.8 161.7 162.1 162.5 162.5 162.5 162.6 162.8 163.5 163.5 164.4 164.4 164.6 164.8 165.3 165.3 165.9 165.9 no no no no yes no yes no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no no no no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no no no yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes yes no yes no yes no no no no yes no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes no yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no yes no no yes no yes no no no no no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no no yes yes no NA NA NA NA Imantodes gemmistratus NA Aplopeltura boa NA Psammophylax tritaeniatus NA NA Dasypeltis gansi NA Compsophis infralineatus NA Tretanorhinus nigroluteus NA Leptodeira splendida NA NA NA NA NA Aspidelaps scutatus Cacophis squamulosus NA NA NA NA Austrotyphlops pinguis NA Oxyrhopus rhombifer NA NA NA NA Toxicocalamus preussi NA NA NA Dipsas variegata NA NA NA NA Regina rigida Lycodon ruhstrati Eryx jayakari NA NA NA Thermophis zhaoermii NA Amphiesma stolatum Natrix maura NA Rhabdophis subminiatus NA Pseudoboodon lemniscatus NA NA NA NA Grayia ornata NA Porthidium nasutum NA Erythrolamprus aesculapii NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Liophidium mayottensis NA Antaresia perthensis Bothrops itapetiningae NA NA Pseudocyclophis persicus NA NA NA NA NA Lampropeltis pyromelana NA Helicops hagmanni NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Hoplocephalus bitorquatus Hydrophis macdowelli NA NA NA Naja multifasciata Sinomicrurus kelloggi NA NA Phalotris nasutus NA NA Bitis xeropaga NA Gloydius ussuriensis NA NA NA NA NA Dasypeltis atra NA NA Hapsidophrys lineatus Hapsidophrys smaragdina NA NA Langaha madagascariensis Mimophis mahfalensis Psammophis biseriatus Psammophis leightoni Psammophis notostictus Psammophis tanganicus Hypsirhynchus ferox NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Polyodontognathus caerulescens NA NA NA NA Stenophis granuliceps Alsophis rijgersmaei Xenoxybelis boulengeri NA NA NA NA Naja mandalayensis NA Cryptelytrops kanburiensis NA NA NA Crotalus pricei Crotalus willardi Echis ocellatus NA NA NA NA NA Tretanorhinus variabilis NA NA NA Hemorrhois algirus Sinomicrurus macclellandi NA Siphlophis pulcher Gloydius blomhoffii Eryx elegans Micrurus multiscutatus Trimorphodon lambda Dasypeltis fasciata Hapsidophrys principis Lycodon gammiei Oligodon fasciolatus Stegonotus guentheri Trimeresurus medoensis Homalopsis hardwickii Crotalus aquilus Aipysurus mosaicus Cercophis auratus Dipsas copei Elapomorphus quinquelineatus Erythrolamprus bizona Erythrolamprus mimus Erythrolamprus semiaureus Helicops infrataeniatus Philodryas aestiva Philodryas psammophidea Xenodon merremi Boiga bourreti Chironius diamantina Trimeresurus venustus Micrurus ornatissimus Opheodrys aestivus Aspidelaps lubricus Boiga multifasciata Dasypeltis scabra Dendrelaphis terrificus Psammophis lineolatus Crotalus pusillus Dendrophidion atlantica Crisantophis nevermanni Helicops gomesi Crotalus triseriatus Coluber slevini Helicops carinicaudus Causus rasmusseni Platyceps tessellata Mastigodryas moratoi Sibon nebulatus Gloydius lijianlii Thamnophis melanogaster Laticauda schistorhynchus Oxyrhopus melanogenys Dendrophidion percarinatum Anilios waitii Madatyphlops decorsei Garthius chaseni Madagascarophis colubrinus Psammophylax acutus Erythrolamprus sagittifer Pseudalsophis elegans Mussurana bicolor Siphlophis cervinus Dipsadoboa werneri Lycodon septentrionalis Lycodon subcinctus Emydocephalus ijimae Cylindrophis melanotus Rhabdophis chrysargoides Rhabdophis spilogaster Tropidonophis statistictus Pseudoxyrhopus ankafinaensis Helicops angulatus Dendrophidion dendrophis Oxyrhopus formosus Austrelaps labialis Tropidodryas serra Uromacer catesbyi Dipsas indica Rhabdophis murudensis Protobothrops cornutus Coluber bholanathi Afrotyphlops schmidti Afrotyphlops usambaricus Liopholidophis dimorphus Chironius maculoventris Salvadora grahamiae Hebius boulengeri Imantodes inornatus Dendrelaphis philippinensis Spalerosophis josephscorteccii Psammophis condanarus Hydrophis donaldi Atheris chlorechis Atheris desaixi Causus maculatus Crotalus ravus Ophryacus undulatus Porthidium porrasi Vipera kaznakovi Vipera seoanei Vipera transcaucasiana Leptodeira annulata Heurnia ventromaculata Demansia angusticeps Hydrophis platurus Micrurus mertensi Micrurus steindachneri Micrurus tschudii Rhabdophis akraios Boiga gokool Boiga nuchalis Chironius flavolineatus Chironius quadricarinatus Coelognathus subradiatus Cyclophiops major Dendrelaphis andamanensis Dendrelaphis hollinrakei Dendrelaphis inornatus Dendrophidion boshelli Drymobius chloroticus Dryophiops rubescens Euprepiophis conspicillata Gonyosoma prasinus Grayia tholloni Oxybelis brevirostris Philothamnus angolensis Philothamnus punctatus Telescopus fallax Zamenis persicus Cubophis ruttyi Cubophis vudii Laticauda crockeri Candoia carinata Eryx tataricus Leptophis coeruleodorsus Hebius metusium Trimorphodon lyrophanes Helicops polylepis Hypsirhynchus ater Causus lichtensteinii Gloydius brevicaudus Vipera renardi Xenochrophis asperrimus Leptodeira septentrionalis Philodryas tachymenoides Hydrophis torquatus Micrurus diastema Uropeltis macrorhyncha Platyceps sindhensis Cerrophidion sasai Boaedon lineatus Pseudalsophis hoodensis Emydocephalus annulatus Hoplocephalus bungaroides Atractaspis fallax Dromicodryas bernieri Langaha alluaudi Psammophis indochinensis Psammophis trinasalis Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri Oxyrhopus trigeminus Lampropeltis zonata Boiga beddomei Eristicophis macmahoni Afrotyphlops steinhausi Pseudoeryx plicatilis Trimeresurus macrops Vipera latastei Hydraethiops melanogaster Tropidonophis dendrophiops Kolpophis annandalei Micrurus psyches Coluber barbouri Bitia hydroides Nerodia harteri Trimeresurus tibetanus Dipsadoboa viridis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Natricidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Cylindrophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Viperidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Uropeltidae Colubridae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Natricidae Viperidae Colubridae 803.0 675.0 690.0 842.0 890.0 1150.0 1150.0 1150.0 1150.0 1150.0 677.0 683.0 678.0 845.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1155.0 895.0 680.0 848.0 1159.0 850.0 1160.0 1160.0 1160.0 1047.0 682.0 1162.0 1007.0 1007.0 683.0 900.0 1010.0 685.0 1167.0 1168.0 1013.0 687.0 864.0 860.0 1018.0 1175.0 600.0 600.0 690.0 1060.0 1060.0 1020.0 1020.0 825.0 1022.0 1180.0 1180.0 1180.0 866.0 720.0 870.0 870.0 870.0 1065.0 1025.0 1183.0 1027.0 870.0 830.0 830.0 1028.0 873.0 696.0 1190.0 605.0 605.0 1072.0 1193.0 1194.0 877.0 1035.0 1195.0 1195.0 1075.0 878.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 700.0 1038.0 702.0 880.0 880.0 880.0 880.0 880.0 880.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 840.0 840.0 885.0 720.0 720.0 933.0 885.0 936.0 1052.0 850.0 710.0 710.0 710.0 890.0 1055.0 1055.0 895.0 895.0 740.0 1219.0 713.0 800.0 856.0 900.0 900.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 895.0 860.0 1230.0 1232.0 719.0 620.0 1070.0 720.0 720.0 900.0 900.0 910.0 910.0 955.0 718.0 902.0 722.0 1240.0 SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Booidea** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) -5.219 -6.013 -5.886 -4.819 -5.525 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -8.027 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.548 -5.525 -6.013 -4.819 -5.548 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -6.013 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -5.525 -5.381 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -7.456 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -6.013 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.381 -5.219 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.982 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -6.286 -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -4.819 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -7.456 -6.013 -5.548 -8.012 -8.012 -6.286 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -8.027 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -5.219 -4.819 -5.886 -5.886 -5.525 -7.456 -5.525 -5.381 -5.219 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -5.982 -5.548 -6.013 -7.092 -5.219 -4.819 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -8.012 -5.381 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -5.525 -8.027 -7.456 -6.013 -5.548 2.561 2.910 2.856 2.407 2.627 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 3.617 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.539 2.627 2.910 2.407 2.539 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.910 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.910 2.627 2.536 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.910 3.303 2.407 2.536 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.910 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.536 2.561 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.882 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.821 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.407 2.561 2.561 2.536 3.303 2.910 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.821 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.536 3.617 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.561 2.407 2.856 2.856 2.627 3.303 2.627 2.536 2.561 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.882 2.539 2.910 3.232 2.561 2.407 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.910 3.693 2.536 2.910 2.910 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.627 3.617 3.303 2.910 2.539 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.28 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.31 2.31 2.31 165.9 166.1 166.6 166.8 167.1 167.2 167.2 167.2 167.2 167.2 167.5 167.9 168.2 168.2 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 168.7 169.0 169.6 169.7 169.7 170.5 170.7 170.9 170.9 170.9 171.1 171.1 171.6 171.7 171.7 171.9 172.1 173.0 173.3 173.5 173.9 174.3 174.8 175.1 175.5 176.5 176.5 176.9 176.9 177.0 177.2 177.2 177.3 177.3 177.8 178.2 178.4 178.4 178.4 178.5 179.0 179.2 179.2 179.2 179.5 179.6 179.6 180.4 180.5 180.6 180.6 180.9 181.2 181.5 182.3 182.4 182.4 182.9 183.5 183.9 184.0 184.0 184.3 184.3 184.3 184.5 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 184.6 185.4 185.4 185.5 185.5 185.5 185.5 185.5 186.0 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 186.2 188.1 188.2 188.2 189.2 189.6 190.8 191.8 192.0 192.4 192.4 192.4 193.1 193.2 193.2 193.2 193.2 193.7 193.8 194.8 195.3 195.5 195.8 195.8 196.7 196.7 196.7 196.7 196.7 196.7 197.8 198.3 199.1 199.6 199.7 200.2 200.4 200.4 200.4 200.4 201.1 201.1 201.1 201.2 201.9 202.0 202.4 yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes yes yes no no yes no no no yes no yes no no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no yes yes yes no Siphlophis pulcher Gloydius blomhoffii Eryx elegans NA NA Dasypeltis fasciata Hapsidophrys principis NA NA NA Viridovipera medoensis NA Crotalus aquilus NA NA NA Elapomorphus quinquelineatus NA Erythrolamprus mimus NA Helicops infrataeniatus Philodryas aestivus Philodryas psammophidea Waglerophis merremi NA NA Cryptelytrops venustus NA Opheodrys aestivus NA NA Dasypeltis scabra NA Psammophis lineolatus Crotalus pusillus NA Crisantophis nevermanni Helicops gomesi Crotalus triseriatus NA Helicops carinicaudus NA NA NA Sibon nebulatus NA Thamnophis melanogaster NA Oxyrhopus melanogenys Dendrophidion percarinatus Austrotyphlops waitii NA Garthius chaseni Madagascarophis colubrinus Psammophylax acutus NA Alsophis elegans Clelia bicolor Siphlophis cervinus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Helicops angulatus Dendrophidion dendrophis Oxyrhopus formosus Austrelaps labialis Tropidodryas serra Uromacer catesbyi Dipsas indica NA Protobothrops cornutus NA NA NA Liopholidophis dimorphus NA NA NA Imantodes inornatus NA NA Psammophis condanarus NA Atheris chlorechis Atheris desaixi NA Crotalus ravus Ophryacus undulatus Porthidium porrasi Vipera kaznakovi Vipera seoanei NA Leptodeira annulata NA NA Pelamis platura NA NA NA NA NA NA Chironius flavolineatus Chironius quadricarinatus Coelognathus subradiata Cyclophiops major NA NA NA NA NA NA Euprepiophis conspicillata Rhadinophis prasina Grayia tholloni NA Philothamnus angolensis NA Telescopus fallax Zamenis persica NA Alsophis vudii NA Candoia carinata Eryx tataricus NA NA NA NA NA NA Gloydius brevicaudus Vipera renardi Xenochrophis asperrimus Leptodeira septentrionalis NA NA Micrurus diastema NA NA NA Lamprophis lineatus NA Emydocephalus annulatus NA NA Dromicodryas bernieri NA NA NA NA Oxyrhopus trigeminus Lampropeltis zonata Boiga beddomei Eristicophis macmahoni NA Pseudoeryx plicatilis Cryptelytrops macrops Vipera latastei NA NA NA Micrurus psyches NA Bitia hydroides Nerodia harteri Himalayophis tibetanus NA Schatti et al. 2014 Imantodes chocoensis Dipsadoboa shrevei Pseudoboa coronata Crotalus stejnegeri Micrurus catamayensis Elaphe davidi Euprepiophis perlacea Hebius taronense Micrurus potyguara Micrurus hemprichii Clelia hussami Porthidium arcosae Imantodes phantasma Boiga trigonata Oreocryptophis porphyraceus Toxicodryas pulverulenta Amblyodipsas polylepis Naja samarensis Atractus trihedrurus Hebius johannis Trimeresurus septentrionalis Micrurus ephippifer Pseudoboa martinsi Dendrelaphis flavescens Platyceps ventromaculatus Protobothrops trungkhanhensis Homalopsis semizonata Bothriechis guifarroi Atheris hispida Mintonophis pakistanicus Pseudoboa serrana Dendrelaphis calligastra Drymobius rhombifer Leptophis mexicanus Xenochrophis tytleri Gloydius saxatilis Montivipera bornmuelleri Regina septemvittata Hemorrhois nummifer Hydrophis belcheri Hydrophis hendersoni Amblyodipsas unicolor Atractaspis reticulata Oxyrhopus occipitalis Dendrelaphis grandoculis Dipsadoboa unicolor Hierophis gemonensis Spalerosophis arenarius Thelotornis usambaricus Rhabdophis adleri Cerberus australis Ungaliophis continentalis Micrurus dumerilii Alsophis sanctonum Hydrophis viperinus Tropidonophis aenigmaticus Tropidonophis parkeri Lycodryas cococola Afrotyphlops lineolatus Trimeresurus phuketensis Alsophis sibonius Atheris nitschei Bitis cornuta Causus resimus Gloydius halys Montivipera bulgardaghica Nerodia clarkii Brachyorrhos wallacei Vipera berus Drymobius melanotropis Drymoluber dichrous Mastigodryas amarali Philothamnus natalensis Philothamnus semivariegatus Platyceps najadum Rhamnophis aethiopissa Salvadora lemniscata Stegonotus borneensis Stegonotus cucullatus Toxicocalamus grandis Dendrelaphis fuliginosus Dendrelaphis levitoni Herpetoreas platyceps Macropisthodon plumbicolor Sinonatrix annularis Dendrelaphis marenae Herpetoreas sieboldii Oxyuranus temporalis Bitis parviocula Alsophis rufiventris Borikenophis portoricensis Boiga ceylonensis Bothrops otavioi Demansia rimicola Bothrops pulchra Hebius ishigakiense Rhabdophis nigrocinctus Tropidonophis hypomelas Tropidonophis multiscutellatus Boiga schultzei Leptophis cupreus Alsophis antillensis Uromacer frenatus Dendrelaphis cyanochloris Heterodon platirhinos Atheris broadleyi Atropoides olmec Micrurus corallinus Dendrelaphis modestus Drymobius margaritiferus Thamnophis ordinoides Alsophis manselli Mussurana montana Philodryas laticeps Homalophis gyii Argyrogena fasciolata Lycodon rufozonatus Pseustes sexcarinatus Conophis lineatus Bothrophthalmus brunneus Dromicodryas quadrilineatus Lamprophis erlangeri Leioheterodon modestus Lycodonomorphus laevissimus Macrelaps microlepidotus Psammophis brevirostris Psammophis jallae Psammophis lineatus Psammophis sudanensis Psammophis trigrammus Afrotyphlops angolensis Afrotyphlops punctatus Acanthophis antarcticus Aipysurus eydouxii Bungarus andamanensis Demansia psammophis Elapsoidea sundevallii Furina tristis Hydrophis coggeri Hydrophis hardwickii Hydrophis melanosoma Micrurus browni Tropidechis carinatus Vermicella annulata Atheris squamigera Montivipera albizona Brygophis coulangesi Lycodryas maculatus Eryx jaculus Trimeresurus buniana Elapomorphus wuchereri Micrurus diana Mastigodryas reticulatus Erpeton tentaculatum Gloydius intermedius Montivipera latifii Aipysurus tenuis Bungarus lividus Atractus touzeti Paratapinophis praemaxillaris Rhabdophis chrysargos Gonyosoma boulengeri Atropoides occiduus Hydrops martii Imantodes lentiferus Philodryas viridissima Pseudalsophis dorsalis Psammophis longifrons Trimeresurus toba Hemorrhois ravergieri Ferania sieboldii Bothriechis supraciliaris Bothrops lutzi Bothrops marmoratus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Homalopsidae Boidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Natricidae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Viperidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Boidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Colubridae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae 1075.0 1241.0 1076.0 724.0 915.0 960.0 1244.0 905.0 916.0 917.0 1080.0 726.0 1082.0 1250.0 1250.0 1250.0 1120.0 921.0 1085.0 910.0 730.0 926.0 1090.0 1260.0 1260.0 733.0 728.0 734.0 735.0 730.0 887.0 1270.0 1270.0 1270.0 920.0 740.0 740.0 922.0 1275.0 940.0 940.0 1140.0 1140.0 1108.0 1280.0 1280.0 1280.0 1280.0 1280.0 927.0 737.0 762.0 948.0 900.0 950.0 930.0 930.0 835.0 640.0 748.8 905.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 750.0 933.0 742.0 752.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 960.0 1305.0 1305.0 940.0 940.0 941.0 1310.0 943.0 970.0 760.0 920.0 923.0 1320.0 692.0 975.0 764.0 950.0 950.0 950.0 950.0 1326.0 1326.0 930.0 930.0 1330.0 1156.0 770.0 770.0 987.0 1340.0 1340.0 960.0 940.0 940.0 1165.0 762.0 1347.0 1350.0 1350.0 1170.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 660.0 660.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 780.0 780.0 1203.0 867.0 800.0 783.0 1180.0 1008.0 1365.0 770.0 790.0 790.0 1020.0 1020.0 1195.0 980.0 980.0 1380.0 795.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1230.0 798.0 1391.5 780.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Boidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Boidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae -5.381 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -4.819 -5.525 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -6.013 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.286 -4.819 -5.381 -7.456 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -8.027 -6.013 -6.013 -8.027 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -6.286 -6.286 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -8.027 -5.886 -4.819 -5.219 -4.819 -7.456 -7.456 -7.092 -8.012 -6.013 -5.219 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -8.027 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -6.013 -5.219 -5.219 -5.548 -5.165 -4.819 -6.013 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -5.219 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -8.027 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -8.012 -8.012 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.286 -7.092 -5.886 -6.013 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -8.027 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -5.381 -7.456 -7.456 -5.548 -6.013 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -6.286 -6.013 -5.548 -8.027 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 2.536 2.539 2.536 2.910 2.407 2.627 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.536 2.910 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.821 2.407 2.536 3.303 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.910 3.617 2.910 2.910 3.617 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.821 2.821 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.617 2.856 2.407 2.561 2.407 3.303 3.303 3.232 3.693 2.910 2.561 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 3.617 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.910 2.561 2.561 2.539 2.655 2.407 2.910 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.561 2.539 2.536 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.561 2.561 2.536 3.617 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 3.693 3.693 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.821 3.232 2.856 2.910 2.536 2.407 2.539 3.617 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.536 3.303 3.303 2.539 2.910 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.910 2.539 3.617 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.32 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.33 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.42 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 202.6 202.8 203.1 203.6 203.8 203.9 204.1 204.1 204.3 204.8 205.0 205.3 206.0 206.6 206.6 206.6 206.9 207.0 207.4 207.8 208.6 209.7 209.9 210.8 210.8 211.1 211.5 211.9 212.8 213.6 214.1 215.1 215.1 215.1 215.5 217.0 217.0 217.0 217.2 217.4 217.4 217.5 217.5 218.8 219.4 219.4 219.4 219.4 219.4 220.9 221.1 221.2 221.9 222.2 223.0 223.3 223.3 224.3 224.5 224.6 225.4 225.6 225.6 225.6 225.6 225.6 225.7 226.6 227.4 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.2 228.7 230.4 230.4 231.3 231.3 232.1 232.7 233.8 234.5 234.5 235.1 237.1 237.2 237.4 237.4 238.1 239.6 239.6 239.6 239.6 240.0 240.0 241.7 241.7 241.8 243.6 243.6 243.6 244.5 246.4 246.4 248.0 248.4 248.4 248.4 249.5 249.7 251.1 251.1 251.1 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.4 251.5 251.5 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.3 252.9 252.9 253.2 253.3 254.2 255.8 256.6 257.2 258.3 259.1 262.5 262.5 264.7 264.7 265.0 265.5 265.5 265.6 267.3 267.8 267.8 267.8 267.8 269.5 270.3 271.2 271.5 272.3 272.3 272.3 no no yes no no yes no no no yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no no no yes yes no no no no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no no no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no no no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no no no no no no yes yes no yes yes no no no yes no no no no NA NA Pseudoboa coronata NA NA Elaphe davidi NA NA NA Micrurus hemprichii NA NA NA Boiga trigonata Oreocryptophis porphyracea Boiga pulverulenta Amblyodipsas polylepis NA Atractus trihedrurus NA Cryptelytrops septentrionalis NA NA NA Platyceps ventromaculatus NA NA NA Atheris hispida NA NA NA Drymobius rhombifer NA NA Gloydius saxatilis Vipera bornmuelleri Regina septemvittata Hemorrhois nummifer NA NA NA NA NA NA Dipsadoboa unicolor Hierophis gemonensis NA NA NA Cerberus australis Ungaliophis continentalis NA NA NA NA NA NA Typhlops lineolatus NA NA Atheris nitschei Bitis cornuta Causus resimus Gloydius halys NA NA NA Vipera berus NA Drymoluber dichrous NA Philothamnus natalensis Philothamnus semivariegatus Platyceps najadum NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sinonatrix annularis NA NA NA NA Alsophis rufiventris Alsophis portoricensis Boiga ceylonensis NA NA Bothriopsis pulchra NA NA NA NA NA NA Alsophis antillensis Uromacer frenatus NA Heterodon platirhinos NA Atropoides olmec Micrurus corallinus NA NA Thamnophis ordinoides NA NA NA NA NA Dinodon rufozonatum NA Conophis lineatus Bothrophthalmus brunneus Dromicodryas quadrilineatus NA Leioheterodon modestus Lycodonomorphus laevissimus Macrelaps microlepidotus NA Psammophis jallae Psammophis lineatus Psammophis sudanensis Psammophis trigrammus Typhlops angolensis Typhlops punctatus Acanthophis antarcticus Aipysurus eydouxii NA Demansia psammophis Elapsoidea sundevallii NA NA NA NA NA Tropidechis carinatus NA Atheris squamigera Vipera albizona NA Lycodryas sanctijohannis Eryx jaculus NA NA NA NA Erpeton tentaculatum Gloydius intermedius NA NA NA NA NA NA Rhynchophis boulengeri Atropoides occiduus NA Imantodes lentiferus Philodryas viridissima NA NA NA Hemorrhois ravergieri NA NA NA NA Bothrops medusa Echis carinatus Echis omanensis Porthidium ophryomegas Trimeresurus barati Atractus gigas Trimorphodon paucimaculatus Sistrurus miliarius Chrysopelea rhodopleuron Dendrophidion paucicarinatum Dipsadoboa duchesnii Mastigodryas pleei Platyceps rhodorachis Thelotornis capensis Thelotornis mossambicanus Protobothrops maolanensis Hydrophis brookii Pseudoboa neuwiedii Leptophis haileyi Leptophis diplotropis Trimeresurus andalasensis Pseudoxenodon macrops Gonionotophis crossi Trimeresurus sabahi Ialtris dorsalis Atretium schistosum Natrix tessellata Opisthotropis boonsongi Tropidonophis mairii Xenochrophis maculatus Xenochrophis melanzostus Hydrophis jerdonii Hydrophis lapemoides Hydrophis stricticollis Coelognathus enganensis Erythrolamprus mossoroensis Lampropeltis calligaster Dendrelaphis kopsteini Dendrelaphis pictus Spalerosophis microlepis Charina bottae Charina umbratica Bothriechis schlegelii Homalophis doriae Cerrophidion godmani Pseudalsophis biserialis Lycodon flavozonatus Rhabdophis tigrinus Pseudoferania polylepis Pseudechis pailsei Thamnophis sauritus Micrurus distans Acrochordus granulatus Enhydris longicauda Bothrocophias hyoprora Hydrophis nigrocinctus Coluber anthonyi Langaha pseudoalluaudi Parastenophis betsileanus Protobothrops dabieshanensis Borikenophis sanctaecrucis Myrrophis chinensis Lampropeltis alterna Anilios unguirostris Lampropeltis nigra Crotalus cerastes Crotalus lepidus Chironius leucometapus Boaedon fuliginosus Bothrophthalmus lineatus Gonionotophis guirali Lycodonomorphus inornatus Psammophis rukwae Alsophis sajdaki Boiga angulata Hemerophis socotrae Acanthophis laevis Austrelaps ramsayi Hydrophis curtus Hydrophis fasciatus Laticauda laticaudata Pseudechis rossignolii Phimophis guerini Boiga andamanensis Crotalus catalinensis Lampropeltis polyzona Lichanura orcutti Hydrophis pachycercos Bothrops erythromelas Echis hughesi Echis pyramidum Vipera aspis Clelia langeri Hydrophis ornatus Philodryas arnaldoi Boiga jaspidea Chironius monticola Chrysopelea paradisi Dendrelaphis caudolineolatus Dendrelaphis ngansonensis Elaphe quadrivirgata Gonyosoma frenatus Leptophis depressirostris Mastigodryas alternatus Pantherophis slowinskii Salvadora intermedia Scaphiophis raffreyi Spalerosophis dolichospilus Stegonotus batjanensis Boiga wallachi Mastigodryas boddaerti Hydrophis bituberculatus Pseudoxyrhopus microps Opisthotropis balteata Tropidonophis doriae Cerastes gasperettii Trimeresurus puniceus Micrurus mipartitus Micrurus multifasciatus Candoia superciliosa Bogertophis rosaliae Boiga kraepelini Coluber lateralis Rhinocheilus lecontei Anilius scytale Tropidophis melanurus Gloydius himalayanus Lampropeltis splendida Oxybelis aeneus Philodryas nattereri Rhabdophis leonardi Dendrophidion nuchale Pantherophis emoryi Trimeresurus fucatus Calliophis nigrescens Micrurus latifasciatus Dipsas chaparensis Atropoides nummifer Echis leucogaster Bothrops jonathani Eryx whitakeri Gonionotophis vernayi Boiga philippina Philodryas argentea Trimeresurus borneensis Thamnophis hammondii Mussurana quimi Micrurus nigrocinctus Chironius exoletus Drymarchon margaritae Oxyrhopus guibei Thamnophis atratus Eryx colubrinus Boiga quincunciata Dendrophidion clarkii Micrurus narduccii Philodryas varia Laticauda saintgironsi Dendrelaphis formosus Dendrelaphis nigroserratus Dendrophidion rufiterminorum Bothrops muriciensis Thamnophis marcianus Eryx miliaris Salomonelaps par Walterinnesia morgani Protobothrops xiangchengensis Trimeresurus wiroti Cerastes cerastes Crotalus enyo Pseudocerastes fieldi Pantherophis bairdi Coluber aurigulus Chilabothrus exsul yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Pseudoxenodontidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Boidae Boidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Homalopsidae Elapidae Natricidae Elapidae Acrochordidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Viperidae Colubridae Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Boidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Aniliidae Tropidophiidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Boidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Natricidae Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Boidae 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 800.0 1210.0 1074.0 803.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 805.0 1040.0 1217.0 1406.0 1410.0 809.0 1400.0 1250.0 810.0 990.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1050.0 1050.0 1050.0 1420.0 1232.0 1427.0 1430.0 1430.0 1430.0 840.0 840.0 820.0 797.0 822.0 1005.0 1440.0 1013.0 800.0 1071.0 1016.0 1075.0 1220.0 803.0 830.0 1080.0 1460.0 1290.0 1290.0 836.0 1025.0 810.0 1471.0 700.0 1473.0 840.0 840.0 1474.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1032.0 1477.0 1480.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1038.0 1486.0 847.0 1490.0 870.0 1110.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 850.0 1295.0 1115.0 1300.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1505.0 1505.0 1120.0 1325.0 1050.0 1050.0 860.0 860.0 1130.0 1130.0 885.0 1520.0 1520.0 1520.0 1520.0 1200.0 957.0 864.0 1524.0 1524.0 1065.5 1060.0 1530.0 1530.0 868.0 1140.0 1140.0 1070.0 870.0 870.0 800.0 790.0 1350.0 1180.0 1335.0 874.0 1068.0 1078.0 1150.0 1545.0 1545.0 1080.0 1070.0 900.0 1550.0 1550.0 1157.0 1350.0 1090.0 1560.0 1560.0 1561.0 884.0 1080.0 910.0 1170.0 1170.0 889.0 889.0 890.0 890.0 890.0 1575.0 1580.0 810.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL SVL SVL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Sensu lato) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Boidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Caenophidia** Homalopsidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) all snakes all snakes Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -5.525 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -4.912 -6.286 -6.013 -5.219 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.886 -5.886 -6.013 -8.027 -6.013 -5.219 -5.548 -7.456 -8.027 -4.819 -7.456 -4.819 -4.960 -8.027 -6.013 -4.819 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.013 -5.219 -8.027 -5.548 -8.012 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.219 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.219 -5.548 -6.013 -5.548 -5.886 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -6.286 -7.456 -7.456 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -5.886 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.465 -5.773 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -5.219 -6.013 -6.013 -5.165 -5.500 -6.286 -5.525 -5.381 -6.013 -7.456 -5.219 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -7.456 -5.886 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -5.381 -4.892 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -7.456 -5.886 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.500 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.536 2.627 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.340 2.821 2.910 2.561 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.856 2.856 2.910 3.617 2.910 2.561 2.539 3.303 3.617 2.407 3.303 2.407 2.410 3.617 2.910 2.407 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.910 2.561 3.617 2.539 3.693 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.561 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.561 2.539 2.910 2.539 2.856 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.536 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.821 3.303 3.303 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.856 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.597 2.786 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.561 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.561 2.910 2.910 2.655 2.776 2.821 2.627 2.536 2.910 3.303 2.561 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.561 3.303 2.856 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.536 2.453 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 3.303 2.856 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.776 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.46 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.48 2.48 2.48 2.48 2.48 2.48 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.49 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.53 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 272.3 272.3 272.3 272.3 272.3 273.5 273.8 275.2 275.4 275.4 275.4 275.4 275.4 275.4 275.4 277.2 277.3 277.5 278.4 280.5 281.3 281.8 282.1 282.3 283.7 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 283.8 285.5 286.3 289.1 290.7 290.7 290.7 292.2 292.2 292.5 293.5 294.6 294.8 295.9 296.2 297.5 297.6 299.1 300.3 300.7 301.5 303.1 303.7 306.4 308.3 308.3 309.5 310.1 311.2 312.3 312.6 313.4 313.8 313.8 313.9 315.1 315.1 315.1 315.1 315.1 315.5 315.5 317.2 317.4 317.4 317.4 317.4 317.4 317.4 320.2 320.4 321.5 322.6 323.0 324.4 324.8 324.8 324.8 324.8 324.9 327.9 328.1 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 328.2 331.0 331.0 331.5 332.5 333.4 333.4 336.0 336.0 338.7 338.7 339.2 339.4 339.4 339.4 339.4 340.1 340.3 340.6 341.7 341.7 342.4 344.0 345.1 345.1 345.2 345.9 345.9 346.1 347.5 347.5 348.9 349.8 350.5 350.6 350.9 352.2 352.7 352.8 353.3 353.7 353.7 354.5 354.9 355.9 356.7 356.7 358.5 361.0 362.1 362.5 362.5 363.1 364.1 365.9 367.3 368.2 368.2 370.1 370.1 371.3 371.3 371.3 371.4 374.4 374.9 no yes yes yes no no no yes no no no no yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no no yes no no no yes no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes no yes no yes no yes no no no yes no yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes no no no no no yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no no no yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes NA Echis carinatus Echis omanensis Porthidium ophryomegas NA NA NA Sistrurus miliarius NA NA NA NA Platyceps rhodorachis Thelotornis capensis NA NA Hydrophis brooki Pseudoboa neuwiedii NA NA NA Pseudoxenodon macrops NA NA Ialtris dorsalis Atretium schistosum Natrix tessellata NA NA NA NA NA Hydrophis lapemoides NA NA NA Lampropeltis calligaster NA NA Spalerosophis microlepis Charina bottae NA Bothriechis schlegelii NA Cerrophidion godmani Alsophis biserialis NA Rhabdophis tigrinus Enhydris polylepis NA Thamnophis sauritus NA Acrochordus granulatus Enhydris longicauda Bothrocophias hyoprora NA NA NA Stenophis betsileanus NA NA Enhydris chinensis Lampropeltis alterna Austrotyphlops unguirostris Lampropeltis nigra Crotalus cerastes Crotalus lepidus NA Lamprophis fuliginosus Bothrophthalmus lineatus NA Lamprophis inornatus Psammophis rukwae NA NA Hemerophis socotrae NA NA Lapemis curtus NA Laticauda laticaudata NA Phimophis guerini NA Crotalus catalinensis NA NA NA Bothrops erythromelas NA Echis pyramidum Vipera aspis NA Hydrophis ornatus NA NA Chironius monticola Chrysopelea paradisi Dendrelaphis caudolineolatus NA Elaphe quadrivirgata Rhadinophis frenatum NA NA Pantherophis slowinskii NA NA NA NA NA Mastigodryas boddaerti NA NA NA NA Cerastes gasperettii Trimeresurus puniceus Micrurus mipartitus NA NA Bogertophis rosaliae Boiga kraepelini NA Rhinocheilus lecontei Anilius scytale Tropidophis melanurus NA Lampropeltis splendida Oxybelis aeneus Philodryas nattereri NA NA Pantherophis emoryi NA NA NA NA Atropoides nummifer Echis leucogaster NA NA NA NA Xenoxybelis argenteus Trimeresurus borneensis Thamnophis hammondii NA NA Chironius exoletus NA Oxyrhopus guibei Thamnophis atratus Gongylophis colubrinus NA NA Micrurus narduccii NA Laticauda saintgironsi NA NA NA NA Thamnophis marcianus Eryx miliaris NA NA Protobothrops xiangchengensis NA Cerastes cerastes Crotalus enyo Pseudocerastes fieldi Pantherophis bairdi NA Epicrates exsul Liopholidophis sexlineatus Thamnophis elegans Thamnophis radix Bungarus persicus Atropoides mexicanus Echis coloratus Porthidium lansbergii Thamnophis valida Chironius fuscus Dolichophis schmidti Hierophis viridiflavus Rhinechis scalaris Scaphiophis albopunctatus Senticolis triaspis Thelotornis kirtlandii Cerberus dunsoni Gonionotophis poensis Gonionotophis savorgnani Leioheterodon geayi Malpolon monspessulanus Psammophis leopardinus Psammophis namibensis Psammophis orientalis Psammophis subtaeniatus Psammophylax rhombeatus Psammophylax variabilis Hebius pryeri Sinonatrix percarinata Xenochrophis sanctijohannis Cubophis cantherigerus Rhinobothryum lentiginosum Acanthophis hawkei Cryptophis nigrescens Demansia vestigiata Hoplocephalus stephensii Hydrophis atriceps Hydrophis czeblukovi Hydrophis obscurus Hydrophis schistosus Pseudechis weigeli Pseudonaja mengdeni Boiga hoeseli Salvadora mexicana Crotalus tigris Gonionotophis chanleri Micrurus fulvius Enhydris subtaeniata Anilios nigrescens Anilios proximus Micrurus tener Hydrophis gracilis Hydrophis lamberti Micrurus obscurus Tropidolaemus wagleri Liopholidophis dolicocercus Naja philippinensis Spalerosophis atriceps Thamnophis rufipunctatus Hydrophis melanocephalus Hydrophis peronii Azemiops feae Chironius vincenti Lampropeltis abnorma Pseudelaphe flavirufa Siphlophis compressus Trimeresurus insularis Bothriechis nigroviridis Hydrophis parviceps Boiga bengkuluensis Afrotyphlops brevis Afrotyphlops congestus Coluber schotti Tropidonophis montanus Bogertophis subocularis Coelognathus erythrurus Coelognathus helena Cylindrophis lineatus Chilabothrus fordii Thamnophis cyrtopsis Ahaetulla fasciolata Dendrelaphis tristis Pliocercus wilmarai Dendrelaphis luzonensis Causus rhombeatus Montivipera wagneri Boiga siamensis Coluber bilineatus Elaphe schrenckii Lycodon semicarinatus Mastigodryas bifossatus Zamenis lineatus Philodryas olfersii Xyelodontophis uluguruensis Macropisthodon rudis Bolyeria multocarinata Cylindrophis ruffus Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti Agkistrodon howardgloydi Agkistrodon taylori Tropidonophis elongatus Leptophis modestus Tropidolaemus subannulatus Phisalixella variabilis Coelognathus philippinus Bothrops bilineata Bothrops pauloensis Bungarus niger Ahaetulla pulverulenta Hydrodynastes bicinctus Philodryas baroni Philodryas mattogrossensis Boaedon capensis Leioheterodon madagascariensis Psammophis aegyptius Psammophis schokari Psammophis sibilans Trimeresurus mcgregori Drymarchon caudomaculatus Bothriechis marchi Bungarus magnimaculatus Calliophis maculiceps Hydrophis major Pseudonaja aspidorhyncha Bothriechis rowleyi Euprepiophis mandarinus Phisalixella tulearensis Candoia aspera Eryx conicus Eryx johnii Micrurus altirostris Chironius flavopictus Chironius spixii Chrysopelea ornata Trimorphodon biscutatus Trimorphodon quadruplex Azemiops kharini Rhinobothryum bovallii Micrurus surinamensis Ithycyphus perineti Bothrops oligolepis Micrurus ibiboboca Heterodon nasicus Gloydius shedaoensis Arizona elegans Pituophis ruthveni Regina grahamii Micrurus alleni Afrotyphlops liberiensis Philodryas patagoniensis Pituophis deppei Pantherophis vulpinus Imantodes cenchoa Dieurostus dussumieri Lycognathophis seychellensis Thamnophis couchii Xenochrophis flavipunctatus Bungarus ceylonicus Bungarus slowinskii Laticauda semifasciata Bothriechis aurifer Bothriechis bicolor Bothriechis lateralis Bothriechis thalassinus Bothrops ammodytoides Bothrops chloromelas Bothrops cotiara Bothrops neuwiedi Crotalus polystictus Ovophis okinavensis Trimeresurus albolabris Chironius bicarinatus Chironius laevicollis Coelognathus flavolineatus Dendrelaphis caudolineatus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Lamprophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Homalopsidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Cylindrophiidae Boidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Natricidae Bolyeridae Cylindrophiidae Pseudoxenodontidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Boidae Boidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Typhlopidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae 1385.0 1090.0 1095.0 1190.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 1096.0 1597.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 687.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1120.0 1605.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1608.0 1615.0 910.0 1415.0 1213.0 870.0 750.0 750.0 1217.0 1220.0 1220.0 1220.0 920.0 1426.0 1223.0 1640.0 1120.0 1230.0 1230.0 925.0 1260.0 1650.0 1650.0 1431.0 930.0 937.0 1250.0 1673.0 765.0 765.0 1676.0 1140.0 1680.0 1680.0 1680.0 982.0 860.0 1145.0 1690.0 1690.0 1690.0 1295.0 950.0 950.0 1700.0 1700.0 1700.0 1700.0 1700.0 1700.0 1476.0 1710.0 1156.0 1000.0 1000.0 1730.0 960.0 960.0 1160.0 1720.0 963.0 1497.0 1727.0 965.0 895.0 1295.0 1730.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 967.0 1732.0 968.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 970.0 1740.0 1510.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1310.0 1750.0 1750.0 1750.0 1750.0 1750.0 980.0 1762.0 1325.0 1530.0 986.0 1330.0 1540.0 990.0 1780.0 1784.0 1194.0 1340.0 800.0 1550.0 1790.0 1791.0 1554.0 744.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1350.0 1350.0 1350.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Homalopsidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Boidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Booidea** Colubridae (Sensu lato) Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Boidae Boidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Elapidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) -6.286 -7.456 -7.456 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.713 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -7.456 -7.456 -7.456 -5.219 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -6.286 -4.819 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2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.561 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.821 2.407 3.617 3.693 3.693 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.821 2.407 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.627 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.539 3.693 3.693 2.539 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.882 2.776 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.627 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.539 3.303 2.882 2.882 2.340 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.539 2.910 2.821 2.539 2.910 2.655 2.407 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.910 2.539 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.539 2.821 2.856 2.856 2.856 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.539 2.407 2.821 2.910 2.407 2.536 2.910 2.539 2.539 3.303 2.407 3.693 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.536 3.631 3.303 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.58 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.59 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.61 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.63 2.63 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.66 2.66 2.66 2.66 2.66 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.67 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.69 2.69 2.69 2.69 2.69 2.69 2.69 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 376.7 377.2 383.0 383.6 383.6 383.6 383.6 384.1 384.8 386.6 386.6 386.6 386.6 386.6 386.6 387.2 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.4 388.8 388.8 388.8 389.1 389.7 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.4 391.5 395.9 396.1 400.2 401.7 402.9 403.3 403.3 404.9 407.3 407.3 407.3 408.9 409.0 409.7 411.6 412.6 415.3 415.3 415.4 416.6 418.0 418.0 418.5 422.0 431.3 431.8 433.0 433.9 433.9 434.9 437.5 437.6 437.6 437.6 437.8 442.8 443.8 444.2 444.2 444.2 447.6 448.9 448.9 450.9 450.9 450.9 450.9 450.9 450.9 452.7 457.7 458.1 461.3 461.3 462.4 462.8 462.8 463.3 464.5 467.0 469.1 469.3 469.9 470.0 470.1 471.4 471.6 471.6 471.6 471.8 471.8 471.8 471.8 471.8 472.7 472.8 474.1 474.5 474.5 474.5 474.5 477.0 478.4 480.7 480.8 480.8 480.8 483.4 485.4 485.4 485.4 485.4 485.4 491.4 493.9 496.8 498.9 500.2 501.3 504.1 506.2 506.8 509.7 509.7 510.4 511.8 512.5 514.0 514.8 515.8 517.2 518.2 518.2 518.2 519.7 519.7 519.7 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.2 521.4 521.4 521.4 521.4 yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no yes no no no no no no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes no no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes no no yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Liopholidophis sexlineatus Thamnophis elegans Thamnophis radix NA NA Echis coloratus Porthidium lansbergii Thamnophis valida Chironius fuscus Dolichophis schmidti Hierophis viridiflavus Rhinechis scalaris Scaphiophis albopunctatus Senticolis triaspis NA NA Mehelya poensis NA Leioheterodon geayi Malpolon monspessulanus Psammophis leopardinus NA Psammophis orientalis Psammophis subtaeniatus Psammophylax rhombeatus Psammophylax variabilis NA Sinonatrix percarinata NA Alsophis cantherigerus Rhinobothryum lentiginosum NA Rhinoplocephalus nigrescens Demansia vestigiata NA Hydrophis atriceps Hydrophis czeblukovi NA Enhydrina schistosa NA NA NA Salvadora mexicana Crotalus tigris NA Micrurus fulvius NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tropidolaemus wagleri Liopholidophis dolicocercus NA NA Thamnophis rufipunctatus Hydrophis melanocephalus Acalyptophis peronii Azemiops feae NA NA Pseudelaphe flavirufa Siphlophis compressus Cryptelytrops insularis Bothriechis nigroviridis Hydrophis parviceps NA NA Typhlops congestus NA NA Bogertophis subocularis Coelognathus erythrurus Coelognathus helena NA Epicrates fordi Thamnophis cyrtopsis NA Dendrelaphis tristis NA NA Causus rhombeatus Vipera wagneri NA NA Elaphe schrenckii Dinodon semicarinatum Mastigodryas bifossatus Zamenis lineata Philodryas olfersii NA Macropisthodon rudis NA Cylindrophis ruffus Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti NA Agkistrodon taylori NA NA NA NA NA Bothriopsis bilineata NA Bungarus niger Ahaetulla pulverulenta Hydrodynastes bicinctus Philodryas baroni Philodryas mattogrossensis NA Leioheterodon madagascariensis NA Psammophis schokari Psammophis sibilans NA NA Bothriechis marchi NA NA Disteira major NA Bothriechis rowleyi Euprepiophis mandarina NA Candoia aspera Gongylophis conicus Eryx johnii Micrurus altirostris NA NA Chrysopelea ornata Trimorphodon biscutatus NA NA NA Micrurus surinamensis NA NA Micrurus ibiboboca Heterodon nasicus Gloydius shedaoensis Arizona elegans Pituophis ruthveni Regina grahami NA NA Philodryas patagoniensis Pituophis deppei Pantherophis vulpinus Imantodes cenchoa NA Lycognathophis seychellensis Thamnophis couchii Xenochrophis flavipunctatus Bungarus ceylonicus NA NA Bothriechis aurifer Bothriechis bicolor Bothriechis lateralis Bothriechis thalassinus Bothrops ammodytoides Bothriopsis chloromelas Bothrops cotiara Bothrops neuwiedi Crotalus polystictus Ovophis okinavensis Cryptelytrops albolabris Chironius bicarinatus Chironius laevicollis Coelognathus flavolineatus Dendrelaphis caudolineatus Elaphe anomala Rhamnophis batesii Calabaria reinhardtii Bungarus multicinctus Trimeresurus nebularis Pseudoboa nigra Phalotris mertensi Clelia equatoriana Ithycyphus oursi Naja sputatrix Lampropeltis holbrooki Coluber taeniatus Pantherophis guttatus Antaresia childreni Antaresia maculosa Antaresia stimsoni Chironius septentrionalis Clelia scytalina Pseudoboa haasi Xenodon werneri Micrurus lemniscatus Dispholidus typus Thamnophis proximus Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus Rhamphiophis rostratus Bungarus bungaroides Hydrophis pacificus Naja christyi Naja katiensis Pseudonaja guttata Walterinnesia aegyptia Sistrurus catenatus Crotalus cerberus Boiga cyanea Boiga tanahjampeana Telescopus obtusus Rhachidelus brazili Chilabothrus gracilis Micrurus frontalis Tropidonophis dahlii Hydrophis klossi Laticauda colubrina Calloselasma rhodostoma Trimeresurus stejnegeri Rhabdophis himalayanus Boiga multomaculata Lampropeltis triangulum Telescopus dhara Agkistrodon russeolus Trimeresurus erythrurus Trimeresurus malabaricus Trimeresurus popeiorum Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus Enhydris enhydris Liopholidophis grandidieri Coluber constrictor Cubophis caymanus Micrurus baliocoryphus Laticauda guineai Macrovipera schweizeri Lycodon meridionale Orthriophis cantoris Philodryas trilineata Micrurus ancoralis Naja nubiae Bothrops fonsecai Pseudocerastes persicus Ahaetulla prasina Clelia errabunda Lichanura trivirgata Mastigodryas cliftoni Oxybelis wilsoni Nerodia cyclopion Fordonia leucobalia Hemachatus haemachatus Hydrophis kingii Micrurus isozonus Naja crawshayi Naja mossambica Naja pallida Naja sagittifera Pseudechis colletti Pseudechis guttatus Protobothrops jerdonii Ithycyphus miniatus Lampropeltis micropholis Tropidonophis halmahericus Micrurus silviae Farancia erytrogramma Ahaetulla nasuta Boiga guangxiensis Boiga nigriceps Coluber mentovarius Dendrelaphis punctulatus Elaphe climacophora Elaphe quatuorlineata Elaphe sauromates Gonyosoma margaritatus Hemorrhois hippocrepis Lampropeltis californiae Lepturophis albofuscus Mastigodryas melanolomus Pseustes polylepis Ptyas dipsas Spalerosophis diadema Xenelaphis hexagonotus Zamenis longissimus Micrurus brasiliensis Bothrops diporus Montivipera raddei Ovophis makazayazaya Trimeresurus andersonii Trimeresurus flavomaculatus Vipera ammodytes Pituophis vertebralis Bothrochilus huonensis Psammophis phillipsi Gonionotophis capensis Psammophis elegans Chironius carinatus Boiruna maculata Trimeresurus gramineus Lampropeltis getula Xenochrophis trianguligerus Boiga drapiezii Boiga saengsomi Orthriophis hodgsoni Pituophis lineaticollis Bungarus candidus Naja siamensis Naja sumatrana Pseudechis butleri Pseudonaja inframacula Pseudonaja nuchalis Ovophis convictus Micrurus spixii Cerberus microlepis Psammophis mossambicus Psammophis occidentalis Afrotyphlops schlegelii Bothrocophias microphthalmus Pantherophis spiloides Naja oxiana Chironius laurenti Uromacer oxyrhynchus Trimeresurus gunaleni Oxybelis fulgidus Demansia papuensis Naja atra Bothrops insularis Thamnophis sirtalis Cerberus schneiderii Boiga irregularis Bitis nasicornis Bothrocophias myersi Bothrops pubescens Trimeresurus trigonocephalus Atropoides picadoi Sinonatrix aequifasciata Austrelaps superbus Rhagerhis moilensis Leptophis ahaetulla Psammophis punctulatus Thrasops schmidti Protobothrops himalayanus Trimeresurus sichuanensis Chironius foveatus Bothrocophias campbelli Trimeresurus cantori Coluber fuliginosus Pituophis melanoleucus Trimeresurus yunnanensis Afrotyphlops mucruso Micrurus pyrrhocryptus yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Colubridae Colubridae Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Colubridae Natricidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Boidae Elapidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Boidae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Homalopsidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Pythonidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Elapidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Colubridae Dipsadidae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Natricidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae Elapidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Typhlopidae Elapidae 1800.0 1800.0 1030.0 1354.0 1002.0 1261.0 1262.0 1575.0 1568.0 1370.0 1829.0 1830.0 1830.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1844.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1390.0 1850.0 1230.0 1600.0 1600.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1030.0 1032.0 1870.0 1870.0 1870.0 1311.0 950.0 1418.0 1245.0 1420.0 1420.0 1045.0 1045.0 1250.0 1900.0 1900.0 1900.0 1050.0 1050.0 1050.0 1050.0 1050.0 972.0 1636.0 1911.0 1333.0 1449.0 1457.0 1070.0 1950.0 1960.0 1700.0 1480.0 1480.0 1079.0 1080.0 1970.0 1380.0 1120.0 1982.0 1982.0 1295.0 1000.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1090.0 1700.0 1990.0 1300.0 1506.0 1733.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 1513.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1100.0 1530.0 1095.0 1740.0 1750.0 1750.0 2054.0 1800.0 1135.0 2083.0 1350.0 2100.0 2100.0 2100.0 2100.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 1150.0 1602.0 1046.0 1800.0 1800.0 900.0 1162.0 2140.0 1630.0 2152.0 1500.0 1170.0 2160.0 1650.0 1650.0 1180.0 1400.0 1075.0 2200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1202.0 1420.0 1700.0 1890.0 2250.0 1900.0 2255.0 1220.0 1220.0 2267.0 1230.0 1232.0 1729.0 2286.0 1233.0 950.0 1747.0 TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Lamprophiidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Boidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Elapidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Typhlopidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae -5.548 -5.548 -5.886 -4.819 -6.013 -5.219 -5.219 -5.381 -6.286 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -5.381 -4.819 -5.548 -7.456 -6.286 -6.286 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.219 -5.500 -4.819 -7.456 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -8.027 -6.286 -5.548 -5.219 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.219 -5.886 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -8.027 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -6.286 -5.548 -7.456 -4.819 -5.381 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.525 -5.216 -6.286 -6.286 -6.286 -5.548 -5.381 -6.013 -5.548 -7.456 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -4.819 -8.027 -6.286 -6.286 -8.012 -6.013 -5.548 -4.819 -5.548 -5.219 -6.013 -5.548 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -7.456 -8.027 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -7.456 -4.819 -6.286 -5.548 -6.286 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.525 -5.548 -6.013 -8.012 -4.819 2.539 2.539 2.856 2.407 2.910 2.561 2.561 2.536 2.821 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.539 2.536 2.536 2.536 2.407 2.539 3.303 2.821 2.821 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.561 2.776 2.407 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.617 2.821 2.539 2.561 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.536 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.561 2.856 2.539 2.539 3.303 3.617 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.821 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.536 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.627 2.652 2.821 2.821 2.821 2.539 2.536 2.910 2.539 3.303 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.407 3.617 2.821 2.821 3.693 2.910 2.539 2.407 2.539 2.561 2.910 2.539 2.407 2.407 2.910 3.303 3.617 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 3.303 2.407 2.821 2.539 2.821 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.627 2.539 2.910 3.693 2.407 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.73 2.73 2.73 2.73 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.76 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.79 2.80 2.80 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.84 2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86 2.87 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.89 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.91 2.91 2.91 2.91 2.91 2.92 2.92 2.93 2.93 2.93 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.95 2.95 2.95 2.95 2.95 2.96 2.96 2.96 2.96 2.96 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.98 2.98 2.98 2.98 2.98 2.98 2.99 521.4 521.4 523.2 523.4 524.2 527.1 528.2 533.7 534.7 538.4 543.0 543.7 543.7 549.5 549.5 549.5 554.3 555.5 555.5 555.5 557.5 558.9 562.3 566.0 566.0 567.2 567.2 567.2 567.2 567.2 567.2 568.0 571.2 574.4 574.4 574.4 582.3 583.7 584.9 585.3 586.9 586.9 592.4 592.4 593.1 598.1 598.1 598.1 600.7 600.7 600.7 600.7 600.7 601.7 602.7 606.9 607.7 616.2 624.4 634.6 638.8 647.2 647.8 648.4 648.4 650.3 652.0 655.6 664.1 664.6 665.8 665.8 666.5 666.8 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 669.7 671.6 672.6 675.1 676.1 680.1 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 681.3 683.7 687.8 687.8 687.8 687.8 687.8 687.8 693.7 699.1 717.1 728.8 728.8 728.9 748.8 753.4 755.4 764.7 771.1 771.1 771.1 771.1 782.2 782.2 782.2 782.2 782.2 782.2 782.8 784.6 784.6 789.1 789.1 790.7 806.8 808.9 818.0 820.5 822.2 823.0 828.3 842.3 842.3 843.7 862.3 866.2 867.8 886.0 886.0 886.0 886.0 890.3 903.7 905.1 905.5 918.7 919.1 923.9 929.6 929.6 936.5 952.0 956.5 956.5 956.5 958.7 965.5 966.5 no no yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no yes yes no no no no yes no yes no no yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no yes no no yes yes yes no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no no yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes yes no yes NA NA Calabaria reinhardtii Bungarus multicinctus NA Pseudoboa nigra Phalotris mertensi NA Ithycyphus oursi NA Lampropeltis holbrooki Masticophis taeniatus Pantherophis guttatus Antaresia childreni Antaresia maculosa Antaresia stimsoni NA NA NA Xenodon werneri Micrurus lemniscatus Dispholidus typus Thamnophis proximus Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus NA Bungarus bungaroides Hydrophis pacificus NA Naja katiensis NA Walterinnesia aegyptia Sistrurus catenatus NA NA NA NA Rachidelus brazili NA Micrurus frontalis NA NA Laticauda colubrina Calloselasma rhodostoma Viridovipera stejnegeri NA Boiga multomaculata Lampropeltis triangulum NA NA Cryptelytrops erythrurus Trimeresurus malabaricus Popeia popeiorum Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus Enhydris enhydris NA Coluber constrictor NA Micrurus baliocoryphus Laticauda guineai Macrovipera schweizeri NA Orthriophis cantoris NA NA Naja nubiae Bothrops fonsecai Pseudocerastes persicus NA NA Lichanura trivirgata NA NA Nerodia cyclopion Fordonia leucobalia Hemachatus haemachatus Disteira kingii NA NA Naja mossambica Naja pallida NA Pseudechis colletti Pseudechis guttatus Protobothrops jerdonii Ithycyphus miniatus NA NA NA Farancia erytrogramma Ahaetulla nasuta NA NA NA NA Elaphe climacophora Elaphe quatuorlineata Elaphe sauromates NA Hemorrhois hippocrepis Lampropeltis californiae NA Mastigodryas melanolomus NA NA Spalerosophis diadema NA Zamenis longissimus Micrurus brasiliensis Bothrops diporus Vipera raddei NA Cryptelytrops andersonii Parias flavomaculatus Vipera ammodytes Pituophis vertebralis NA Psammophis phillipsi Mehelya capensis NA Chironius carinatus Boiruna maculata Trimeresurus gramineus Lampropeltis getula NA NA NA Orthriophis hodgsoni Pituophis lineaticollis Bungarus candidus Naja siamensis Naja sumatrana Pseudechis butleri NA NA NA Micrurus spixii Cerberus microlepis Psammophis mossambicus NA Rhinotyphlops schlegelii Bothrocophias microphthalmus Pantherophis spiloides NA Chironius laurenti Uromacer oxyrhynchus NA Oxybelis fulgidus Demansia papuensis Naja atra Bothrops insularis Thamnophis sirtalis NA Boiga irregularis Bitis nasicornis NA NA Trimeresurus trigonocephalus Atropoides picadoi Sinonatrix aequifasciata Austrelaps superbus Malpolon moilensis Leptophis ahaetulla Psammophis punctulatus NA NA NA NA Bothrocophias campbelli Cryptelytrops cantori NA Pituophis melanoleucus Viridovipera yunnanensis NA Micrurus pyrrhocryptus Bungarus caeruleus Coelognathus radiatus Gonyosoma jansenii Thrasops jacksonii Xenodon severus Boiga forsteni Bothrops rhombeatus Ovophis monticola Protobothrops sieversorum Bothrocophias andianus Bungarus sindanus Hydrophis cantoris Naja nigricincta Pseudonaja ingrami Bothrops ayerbei Xenopeltis unicolor Farancia abacura Protobothrops mucrosquamatus Trimeresurus gumprechti Gonyosoma oxycephalum Phrynonax poecilonotus Pseustes shropshirei Nerodia sipedon Hydrodynastes melanogigas Bungarus flaviceps Calliophis bivirgata Chironius scurrulus Bothrops matogrossensis Montivipera xanthina Trimeresurus hageni Trimeresurus schultzei Trimeresurus vogeli Tropidolaemus laticinctus Naja nivea Bothrops sanctaecrucis Thrasops occidentalis Crotalus stephensi Protobothrops elegans Candoia paulsoni Malpolon insignitus Trimeresurus malcolmi Chilabothrus monensis Boiga dendrophila Dolichophis caspius Dolichophis jugularis Elaphe carinata Orthriophis moellendorffi Ptyas luzonensis Xenelaphis ellipsifer Oxyrhopus petolarius Philodryas chamissonis Agkistrodon contortrix Crotalus ornatus Ptyas dhumnades Ptyas nigromarginata Bothrocophias colombianus Bothrops taeniata Tropidolaemus huttoni Pantherophis alleghaniensis Pantherophis obsoletus Bothrops pirajai Crotalus mitchellii Crotalus molossus Boiruna sertaneja Nerodia fasciata Coluber flagellum Agkistrodon bilineatus Aipysurus laevis Hydrophis elegans Hydrophis stokesii Micropechis ikaheka Notechis scutatus Pseudechis porphyriacus Pseudonaja affinis Chironius multiventris Drymarchon couperi Drymarchon corais Homalopsis mereljcoxi Bothrops barnetti Bothrops brazili Bothrops osbornei Bothrops punctatus Crotalus scutulatus Thrasops flavigularis Naja anchietae Paraphimophis rusticus Subsessor bocourti Protobothrops kaulbacki Chilabothrus chrysogaster Ptyas korros Nerodia erythrogaster Orthriophis taeniurus Thamnophis gigas Casarea dussumieri Chironius grandisquamis Cantoria violacea Spilotes sulphureus Boiga cynodon Naja annulifera Loxocemus bicolor Cerberus rynchops Pituophis catenifer Toxicodryas blandingii Python regius Epicrates crassus Corallus cookii Python kyaiktiyo Deinagkistrodon acutus Naja naja Pseudohaje nigra Pseudonaja textilis Acrochordus arafurae Bothrops marajoensis Daboia palaestinae Daboia siamensis Protobothrops tokarensis Clelia clelia Sanzinia volontany Pseudaspis cana Bungarus fasciatus Xenochrophis piscator Bothrops atrox Nerodia rhombifer Drymarchon melanurus Nerodia taxispilota Dendroaspis viridis Naja kaouthia Epicrates assisi Clelia plumbea Crotalus tzabcan Epicrates alvarezi Naja senegalensis Ptyas fusca Candoia bibroni Bothrochilus fredparkeri Rhamphiophis rubropunctatus Bothrops jararaca Daboia deserti Trimeresurus sumatranus Naja arabica Corallus cropanii Crotalus oreganus Bothrochilus biakensis Pseudechis papuanus Haitiophis anomalus Chilabothrus strigilatus Epicrates maurus Hydrodynastes gigas Crotalus ruber Crotalus viridis Homalopsis buccata Homalopsis nigroventralis Corallus annulatus Nerodia floridana Dendroaspis angusticeps Oxyuranus microlepidotus Bothrops venezuelensis Bothrochilus boa Crotalus culminatus Bothrops alternatus Acrochordus javanicus Naja haje Corallus grenadensis Dendroaspis jamesoni Python anchietae Naja annulata Naja ashei Naja melanoleuca Naja nigricollis Pseudohaje goldii Natrix natrix Thamnophis eques Hydrophis cyanocinctus Hydrophis spiralis yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Xenopeltidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Natricidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Natricidae Colubridae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae Elapidae Dipsadidae Homalopsidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae Natricidae Colubridae Natricidae Bolyeridae Colubridae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Elapidae Loxocemidae Homalopsidae Colubridae Colubridae Pythonidae Boidae Boidae Pythonidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Acrochordidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Natricidae Viperidae Natricidae Colubridae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Boidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae Boidae Pythonidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Boidae Viperidae Pythonidae Elapidae Dipsadidae Boidae Boidae Dipsadidae Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Homalopsidae Boidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Pythonidae Viperidae Viperidae Acrochordidae Elapidae Boidae Elapidae Pythonidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae Natricidae Elapidae Elapidae 1750.0 2300.0 2300.0 2300.0 2000.0 2313.0 1250.0 1250.0 1255.0 1258.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 1270.0 1330.0 2070.0 1280.0 1280.0 2400.0 2400.0 2400.0 1500.0 2092.0 1850.0 1850.0 2430.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1300.0 1860.0 1303.0 2450.0 1320.0 1320.0 1365.0 2080.0 1330.0 1230.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2510.0 2200.0 2200.0 1350.0 1300.0 2560.0 2560.0 1360.0 1360.0 1360.0 2565.0 2565.0 1370.0 1370.0 1370.0 2240.0 1588.0 2600.0 1380.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2611.0 2629.0 2630.0 973.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 2000.0 2040.0 1850.0 1230.0 1410.0 1310.0 2680.0 1636.0 2700.0 1650.0 1500.0 2718.0 1250.0 2752.0 2765.0 2130.0 1530.0 1270.0 2790.0 2800.0 1500.0 1371.0 1374.0 1518.0 1490.0 2200.0 2200.0 2200.0 2500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 2500.0 1578.0 2400.0 2250.0 1750.0 1532.0 1753.0 2950.0 1766.0 2300.0 2300.0 1610.0 2585.0 1555.0 1613.0 2315.0 3000.0 1460.0 1620.0 2500.0 1600.0 1600.0 1600.0 2400.0 1510.0 1625.0 1670.0 2440.0 2743.0 1700.0 1700.0 2750.0 1650.0 1650.0 1400.0 1400.0 1725.0 1880.0 2500.0 2500.0 1667.0 1730.0 1680.0 1690.0 2900.0 2600.0 1625.0 2640.0 1800.0 2700.0 2700.0 2700.0 2700.0 2700.0 2000.0 2000.0 2750.0 2750.0 TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Booidea** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Dipsadidae** Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Homalopsidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Booidea** Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Booidea** Homalopsidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Boidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Caenophidia** Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Dipsadidae** Boidae Lamprophiidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Boidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Lamprophiidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Elapidae Boidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Dipsadidae** Boidae Boidae Dipsadidae** Viperidae Viperidae Homalopsidae Homalopsidae Boidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Caenophidia** Elapidae Boidae Elapidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Natricidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Elapidae Elapidae -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -6.013 -5.982 -5.381 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.456 -5.381 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -4.819 -6.013 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.886 -6.286 -6.013 -5.500 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -5.381 -5.381 -6.013 -5.165 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.548 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.381 -7.456 -5.548 -6.013 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -4.819 -5.548 -5.548 -5.548 -7.713 -6.013 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2.910 2.910 2.539 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.536 3.303 2.539 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.539 2.539 2.539 3.631 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.627 2.407 2.561 3.617 2.910 2.776 2.539 3.303 2.539 3.303 2.882 2.539 3.617 2.539 2.539 2.407 2.882 3.617 2.539 2.539 2.652 2.776 2.776 2.652 2.910 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.410 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.536 2.856 2.821 2.407 3.303 2.910 3.303 2.539 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.856 2.536 2.910 2.856 2.407 2.539 2.776 2.652 2.821 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.407 2.776 2.910 2.652 2.407 2.536 2.856 2.856 2.536 2.910 2.910 3.617 3.617 2.856 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.910 2.652 2.910 2.910 2.410 2.407 2.776 2.407 2.652 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 2.407 3.303 3.303 2.407 2.407 2.99 2.99 2.99 2.99 2.99 2.99 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.02 3.02 3.02 3.02 3.02 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.07 3.07 3.07 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.16 3.16 3.16 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.21 3.21 3.21 3.22 3.22 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.30 3.30 3.31 3.31 3.31 3.32 3.32 3.33 3.33 3.33 3.34 3.34 3.34 3.34 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.37 3.37 3.38 3.38 3.40 3.41 3.42 3.42 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.45 3.45 3.46 3.46 970.5 971.5 971.5 971.5 978.2 985.5 997.7 997.7 1009.4 1016.4 1038.6 1038.6 1038.6 1038.6 1044.9 1049.4 1067.3 1069.0 1069.0 1082.3 1082.3 1082.3 1083.0 1096.3 1109.4 1109.4 1117.0 1118.3 1118.3 1118.3 1118.3 1118.3 1118.3 1123.9 1125.9 1140.5 1169.1 1169.1 1169.3 1186.5 1195.1 1195.6 1200.5 1200.5 1200.5 1200.5 1200.5 1200.5 1212.8 1245.6 1245.6 1248.2 1266.3 1275.0 1275.0 1275.3 1275.3 1275.3 1281.4 1281.4 1302.7 1302.7 1302.7 1303.9 1307.4 1326.2 1330.6 1338.4 1338.4 1338.4 1338.4 1338.4 1338.4 1338.4 1340.5 1364.1 1365.4 1370.4 1387.5 1387.5 1387.5 1387.5 1387.5 1402.2 1403.7 1406.8 1409.9 1416.5 1424.1 1432.3 1442.5 1459.6 1483.7 1484.2 1484.4 1494.6 1532.0 1550.5 1557.4 1571.4 1582.9 1586.3 1600.8 1610.6 1615.9 1625.7 1662.4 1663.3 1683.5 1683.5 1683.5 1694.5 1696.0 1696.0 1696.0 1696.0 1722.6 1769.3 1776.5 1777.1 1802.0 1803.4 1812.2 1827.6 1857.0 1873.6 1873.6 1873.7 1875.0 1883.4 1883.7 1903.2 1907.3 1924.2 1975.3 1993.4 2046.4 2046.4 2046.4 2075.7 2112.7 2140.8 2141.1 2160.0 2179.4 2188.6 2188.6 2193.6 2238.1 2238.1 2251.9 2251.9 2281.8 2283.2 2290.0 2290.0 2305.9 2351.2 2358.6 2399.7 2423.1 2516.8 2590.2 2611.0 2612.1 2756.1 2756.1 2756.1 2756.1 2756.1 2800.9 2800.9 2880.5 2880.5 yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes no no no no yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes no no no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes Bungarus caeruleus Coelognathus radiata Gonyosoma jansenii Thrasops jacksonii Xenodon severus Boiga forsteni NA Ovophis monticola Triceratolepidophis sieversorum NA Bungarus sindanus NA NA NA NA Xenopeltis unicolor Farancia abacura Protobothrops mucrosquamatus Viridovipera gumprechti Gonyosoma oxycephalum NA NA Nerodia sipedon NA Bungarus flaviceps Calliophis bivirgata Chironius scurrulus NA Vipera xanthina Parias hageni Parias schultzei Viridovipera vogeli NA Naja nivea NA NA NA Protobothrops elegans NA NA Parias malcolmi Epicrates monensis Boiga dendrophila Dolichophis caspius Dolichophis jugularis Elaphe carinata Orthriophis moellendorffi NA NA Oxyrhopus petola NA Agkistrodon contortrix NA NA NA NA Bothriopsis taeniata NA Pantherophis alleghaniensis Pantherophis obsoletus NA Crotalus mitchellii Crotalus molossus NA Nerodia fasciata Masticophis flagellum Agkistrodon bilineatus Aipysurus laevis Hydrophis elegans Astrotia stokesii Micropechis ikaheka Notechis scutatus Pseudechis porphyriacus NA Chironius multiventris NA Drymarchon corais NA NA Bothrops brazili NA Bothrops punctata Crotalus scutulatus NA NA Clelia rustica Enhydris bocourti Protobothrops kaulbacki Epicrates chrysogaster Ptyas korros Nerodia erythrogaster Orthriophis taeniurus Thamnophis gigas Casarea dussumieri Chironius grandisquamis Cantoria violacea Pseustes sulphureus Boiga cynodon Naja annulifera Loxocemus bicolor Cerberus rynchops Pituophis catenifer NA Python regius NA NA NA Deinagkistrodon acutus Naja naja NA Pseudonaja textilis Acrochordus arafurae Bothrops marajoensis Vipera palaestinae NA Protobothrops tokarensis Clelia clelia NA Pseudaspis cana Bungarus fasciatus Xenochrophis piscator Bothrops atrox Nerodia rhombifer NA Nerodia taxispilota NA Naja kaouthia NA NA NA NA NA NA Candoia bibroni NA Rhamphiophis rubropunctatus Bothrops jararaca Macrovipera deserti Parias sumatranus NA NA Crotalus oreganus NA Pseudechis papuanus Alsophis anomalus NA NA Hydrodynastes gigas Crotalus ruber Crotalus viridis Homalopsis buccata NA Corallus annulatus Nerodia floridana Dendroaspis angusticeps Oxyuranus microlepidotus NA Bothrochilus boa NA Bothrops alternatus Acrochordus javanicus Naja haje NA NA NA Naja annulata Naja ashei Naja melanoleuca Naja nigricollis NA Natrix natrix Thamnophis eques Hydrophis cyanocinctus Hydrophis spiralis Pseudechis australis Bitis gabonica Crotalus durissus Crotalus simus Crotalus totonacus Daboia mauritanica Acrantophis dumerili Bitis rhinoceros Spilotes pullatus Corallus blombergi Bitis arietans Daboia russelii Corallus caninus Ptyas mucosa Agkistrodon piscivorus Crotalus horridus Morelia carinata Morelia viridis Python breitensteini Python curtus Ptyas carinata Bothrops leucurus Bothrops caribbaeus Bothrops lanceolatus Corallus hortulanus Sanzinia madagascariensis Hierophis cypriensis Protobothrops mangshanensis Crotalus basiliscus Simalia nauta Epicrates cenchria Oxyuranus scutellatus Chilabothrus striatus Macrovipera lebetina Bothrops jararacussu Chilabothrus subflavus Bothrochilus meridionalis Bothrochilus albertisii Simalia boeleni Bothrops moojeni Crotalus atrox Aspidites melanocephalus Liasis mackloti Corallus batesii Corallus ruschenbergerii Eunectes deschauenseei Protobothrops flavoviridis Bothrops asper Crotalus adamanteus Aspidites ramsayi Simalia clastolepis Chilabothrus inornatus Dendroaspis polylepis Simalia tracyae Liasis fuscus Malayopython timoriensis Morelia bredli Python brongersmai Lachesis acrochorda Acrantophis madagascariensis Ophiophagus hannah Lachesis muta Liasis olivaceus Morelia spilota Eunectes beniensis Eunectes notaeus Liasis papuana Simalia oenpelliensis Lachesis melanocephala Lachesis stenophrys Chilabothrus angulifer Boa constrictor Simalia kinghorni Calamophis jobiensis Python sebae Python natalensis Python molurus Simalia amethistina Python bivittatus Malayopython reticulatus Eunectes murinus Atractus ayeush Bothrochilus montanus Coniophanes sarae Dipsas petersi Epictia rubrolineata Hebius nicobariense Liotyphlops caissara Lycodon bibonius Oligodon wagneri Phisalixella iarakaensis Synophis calamitus Tantilla sertula Typhlops cariei * conversion equasions are from Meiri (2010) for lizards and amphisbaenians and Feldman and Meiri (2013) for snakes unless otherwise stated. ** conversion equations based on new data published here, see Appendix S2 for details on conversion equations and for references. log mass is computed from log10(maximum length) using the equation presented mass is simply 10 to the power of log mass "in tree" signifies whether the species is covered in the phylogenetic hypothesis we use (Pyron et al. 2013; Pyron and Burbrink 2014) "name in tree" refers to the weay the species is named in the Pyron and Burbrink 2014 tree - which may or may not be the same as the name in the taxonomy we use here (Uetz 2015) The smallest amphisbaenian in our dataset was Amphisbaena nigricauda – at 92mm and a calculated mass of 0.17g Recently a paper (Lima, F. A. N. S., Gasparini, J. L., Almeida, A. P., Vital, M. V. C. and Mott, T. 2014. Sexual dimorphism in Amphisbaena nigricauda (Reptilia, Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia 104: 299-307) reported much larger size for this species (168mm, equalls 1.86g). Values in this appendix and in Tables 1 & 2 are modified accordingly as are figures and Tables 1 & 2. We did not, however, re-run the QuaSSE analyses because of the size change to this one amphisbaenian. yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Squamata Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Viperidae Colubridae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae Boidae Elapidae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Boidae Boidae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Boidae Elapidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Boidae Boidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Boidae Pythonidae Homalopsidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Pythonidae Boidae Dipsadidae Pythonidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Leptotyphlopidae Natricidae Anomalepididae Colubridae Colubridae Lamprophiidae Dipsadidae Colubridae Typhlopidae 2750.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 1800.0 1810.0 1708.0 1830.0 3600.0 1910.0 1850.0 1850.0 1945.0 3700.0 1892.0 1892.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 2000.0 3800.0 1950.0 2000.0 2000.0 1887.0 1910.0 3000.0 2030.0 2045.0 1985.0 2200.0 3360.0 2220.0 2140.0 2200.0 2300.0 2400.0 2440.0 2440.0 2300.0 2337.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2500.0 2400.0 2500.0 2515.0 2700.0 2726.0 2700.0 4250.0 2933.7 3000.0 3000.0 3000.0 3000.0 3000.0 3200.0 5850.0 3600.0 4000.0 4000.0 4000.0 4000.0 4270.0 4300.0 3900.0 3900.0 4000.0 4500.0 5000.0 3200.0 5500.0 6000.0 7620.0 8500.0 9200.0 10000.0 10000.0 known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only no measurements known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from juveniles only known from fossils only TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL SVL SVL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL SVL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL TL NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Elapidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Viperidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Boidae Colubridae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Boidae Boidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Elapidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Boidae Elapidae Viperidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae Boidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Viperidae Viperidae Boidae Boidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Homalopsidae Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Pythonidae (Scharf et al. 2014) Boidae NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA -4.819 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.500 -6.013 -5.548 -5.886 -6.013 -6.013 -5.886 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.548 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.500 -5.500 -5.525 -6.013 -6.013 -5.222 -5.886 -4.819 -5.886 -6.013 -6.013 -5.886 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -6.013 -6.013 -5.216 -5.216 -5.886 -5.886 -5.886 -6.013 -6.013 -6.013 -5.216 -5.216 -5.886 -4.819 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -6.013 -5.886 -4.819 -6.013 -5.216 -5.216 -5.886 -5.886 -5.216 -5.216 -6.013 -6.013 -5.500 -5.886 -5.216 -8.027 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.216 -5.886 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.407 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.776 2.910 2.539 2.856 2.910 2.910 2.856 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.539 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.776 2.776 2.627 2.910 2.910 2.688 2.856 2.407 2.856 2.910 2.910 2.856 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.910 2.910 2.652 2.652 2.856 2.856 2.856 2.910 2.910 2.910 2.652 2.652 2.856 2.407 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.910 2.856 2.407 2.910 2.652 2.652 2.856 2.856 2.652 2.652 2.910 2.910 2.776 2.856 2.652 3.617 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.652 2.856 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.46 3.46 3.46 3.46 3.46 3.47 3.47 3.48 3.48 3.48 3.49 3.49 3.51 3.51 3.52 3.52 3.54 3.54 3.54 3.54 3.54 3.56 3.59 3.59 3.59 3.61 3.61 3.61 3.62 3.64 3.66 3.67 3.67 3.68 3.71 3.72 3.75 3.77 3.77 3.77 3.79 3.80 3.80 3.82 3.82 3.82 3.82 3.88 3.88 3.88 3.90 3.91 3.91 3.98 4.01 4.01 4.01 4.01 4.11 4.12 4.25 4.34 4.34 4.34 4.40 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.44 4.44 4.50 4.55 4.59 4.65 4.70 4.80 5.08 5.20 5.30 5.39 5.54 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2880.5 2883.0 2883.0 2883.0 2883.0 2929.8 2974.3 3025.1 3030.1 3052.3 3122.3 3122.3 3214.8 3248.4 3333.0 3333.0 3454.1 3454.1 3454.1 3454.1 3475.9 3639.2 3917.4 3917.4 3922.3 4056.5 4068.2 4090.8 4179.4 4389.1 4570.5 4665.5 4690.1 4769.8 5169.5 5189.1 5601.7 5852.7 5852.7 5883.4 6163.1 6242.2 6242.2 6584.4 6584.4 6584.4 6659.1 7499.0 7630.7 7655.6 7852.6 8203.0 8213.6 9540.8 10123.4 10123.4 10123.4 10123.4 12747.4 13326.3 17723.3 21669.1 21710.2 21710.2 25204.8 25204.8 25816.3 26300.2 27352.6 27352.6 31573.2 35283.8 39234.5 44784.5 50517.5 63629.3 119934.6 160257.7 197681.2 246603.9 345143.7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes no no no yes yes yes yes no yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no no no Pseudechis australis Bitis gabonica Crotalus durissus Crotalus simus Crotalus totonacus Macrovipera mauritanica Acrantophis dumerili NA Spilotes pullatus NA Bitis arietans Daboia russelii Corallus caninus Ptyas mucosa Agkistrodon piscivorus Crotalus horridus Morelia carinata Morelia viridis NA Python curtus NA Bothrops leucurus Bothrops caribbaeus Bothrops lanceolatus Corallus hortulanus Sanzinia madagascariensis NA Zhaoermia mangshanensis Crotalus basiliscus NA Epicrates cenchria Oxyuranus scutellatus Epicrates striatus Macrovipera lebetina Bothrops jararacussu Epicrates subflavus NA Leiopython albertisii Morelia boeleni Bothrops moojeni Crotalus atrox Aspidites melanocephalus Liasis mackloti NA NA NA Protobothrops flavoviridis Bothrops asper Crotalus adamanteus Aspidites ramsayi NA Epicrates inornatus Dendroaspis polylepis NA Liasis fuscus Broghammerus timoriensis Morelia bredli Python brongersmai NA Acrantophis madagascariensis Ophiophagus hannah Lachesis muta Liasis olivaceus Morelia spilota NA Eunectes notaeus Apodora papuana Morelia oenpelliensis NA Lachesis stenophrys Epicrates angulifer Boa constrictor NA NA Python sebae NA Python molurus Morelia amethistina NA Broghammerus reticulatus Eunectes murinus NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Appendix S2 - Length-mass conversion equations. a. Equations used in this study b. Sources and data for new equations developed here, rationale, and rationale for not including yet more new equations. c. Examples of large differences in mass between squamates of a given length Our aim in developing these equations is to have specific equations for all the clades (read: monophyletic families) for which we could derive allometric equations from a sufficient number of species (usually a minimum of 10, sometimes slightly lower, often much higher). In cases where we had good reasons to suspect there are very large differences within the clade (e.g., Draco vs. non-gliding agamids, Phymaturus vs. Liolaemus). When sample sizes for a family were insufficient (e.g., for all really small families) we used an equation based on more comprehensive an assemblage. 3. We do not use phylogenetic corrected equations as these cannot be used for prediction for species outside of the phylogeny. 4. Data on the fit of these equations can be found in the papers where we developed them (see list below). We did not use actual masses at all – except for the Tuatara. All masses except that of Sphenodon are based on lengths. We did not use the ecological factors identified by Feldman & Meiri (2013) for the equation because we lack the ecological data for many of the snakes that would have allowed us to infer their masses. Appendix S2a sub order Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Group all snakes Boidae Elapidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Viperidae all snakes all snakes Boidae Colubridae (Sensu lato) Elapidae Homalopsidae Lamprophiidae Scolecophidia Viperidae Intercept -5.773 -5.500 -4.892 -7.713 -7.092 -5.165 -5.465 -5.465 -5.886 -4.912 -4.819 -8.021 -6.286 -6.596 -6.013 slope 2.786 2.776 2.453 3.631 3.232 2.655 2.597 2.597 2.856 2.340 2.407 3.617 2.821 3.068 2.910 length measure SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length mass equation from Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 Feldman and Meiri 2013 sub order Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Group Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenidae Anguimorpha Chamaeleonidae Gerrhosauridae Iguania Iguanidae Lacertidae Legged Cordylidae Legged Gymnophthalmidae Legged Scincidae leg-reduced lizards Limbless lizards Opluridae Phrynosomatidae Polychrotidae Pygopodidae Teiidae Tropiduridae senso lato Varanidae Xantusiidae Fully legged anguids Anolis Eublepharidae Gekkonidae Sphaerodactylidae Intercept -5.858 -8.647 -5.058 -3.997 -4.783 -5.033 -4.298 -4.543 -5.747 -5.178 -5.125 -4.207 -4.207 -6.439 -3.855 -4.583 -2.039 -4.747 -4.216 -5.301 -4.796 -5.765 -4.574 -5.201 -4.242 -4.558 slope 2.943 4.007 3.145 2.680 3.085 3.243 2.972 2.951 3.589 3.302 3.229 2.471 2.300 3.940 2.677 2.940 1.371 3.110 2.846 3.235 3.048 3.480 2.942 3.255 2.761 2.970 length measure SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Sauria Liolaeumus -4.678 3.097 SVL Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Phymaturus Carphodactylidae Diplodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Tropiduridae (Sensu stricto) Colubridae Dipsadidae Natricidae Pythonidae Typhlopidae Agamidae (Typical)** Draco** Crotaphytidae Leiosauridae Limbless anguids Xenosauridae Colubridae** Dipsadidae** -5.040 -3.445 -4.804 -4.482 3.323 2.353 3.057 2.945 SVL SVL SVL SVL mass equation from Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri 2010 Meiri et al. 2013 Novosolov et al. 2013 Novosolov et al. 2013 Novosolov et al. 2013 Novosolov et al. 2013 Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2011 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 -3.884 -5.548 -4.715 -7.456 -5.216 -8.012 -4.686 -4.310 -1.528 -5.296 -5.224 -5.833 -5.525 -4.948 2.719 2.539 2.278 3.303 2.652 3.693 3.105 2.642 1.569 3.389 2.892 3.571 2.627 2.450 SVL Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length Total-length SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL SVL Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 Scharf et al. 2015 this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) Sauria Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Sauria Serpentes Serpentes sub order Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Group Leptotyphlopidae** Natricidae** Pythonidae** Typhlopidae** Leptotyphlopidae** Intercept -4.709 -6.223 -5.222 -10.919 -4.641 slope 2.234 2.982 2.688 4.954 2.173 length measure SVL SVL SVL SVL Total-length mass equation from this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) this study (appendix 2b) Feldman, A. and Meiri, S. 2013. Length–mass allometry in snakes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 108: 161-182. Meiri, S. 2010. Length–weight allometries in lizards. Journal of Zoology 281: 218-226. Meiri, S., Bauer, A. M., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Das, I., Doan, T. M., Feldman, A., Herrera, F-C., Novosolov, M., Pafilis, P., Pincheira-Donoso, D., Powney, G., TorresCarvajal, O., Uetz, P. and Van Damme, R. 2013. Are lizards feeling the heat? A tale of ecology and evolution under two temperatures. Global Ecology and Biogeography 22: 834-845. Novosolov, M., Raia, P. and Meiri, S. 2013. The island syndrome in lizards. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 22: 184-191. Pincheira-Donoso, D., Fox, S. F., Scolaro, J. A., Ibargüengoytia, N. Acosta, J. C., Corbalan, V., Medina, M., Boretto, J., Villavicencio, H. J. and Hodgson, D. J. 2011. Body size dimensions in lizard ecological and evolutionary research: exploring the predictive power of mass estimation equations in two Liolaemidae radiations. Herpetological Journal 21: 35-42. Scharf, I., Feldman, A., Novosolov, M., Pincheira-Donoso, D., Das, I., Bohm, M., Uetz, P., Torres-Carvajal, O., Bauer, A. M., Roll, U. and Meiri, S. 2015. Late bloomers and baby boomers: ecological drivers of longevity in squamates and the tuatara. Global Ecology and Biogeography 24: 396-405. Appendix S2b We re-checked the equations of several taxa due to both the existence of forms that we thought were either generally heavier (Phrynosoma, Uromastyx sensu lato), or generally lighter (Draco) than closely related species of the same length. We also developed new allometric equations following suggested taxonomic re-arrangements (i.e. splits) in some of the taxa for which we had more general equations. For some taxa we found little evidence for a necessity to provide new equations following some recent, controversial taxonomic suggestions (e.g., putative families of skinks, and the splitting of the Anguidae into Anguidae and Diploglossidae, see Figures S1 and S2 below). In the Phrynosomatidae we found differences in the mass-length relationship between the two subfamilies. However members of the Sceloporinae seem to be generally heavier than Phrynosomatinae of the same length – except for Phrynosoma which are heavier still (see Figure S3 below). We therefore retained the equations of Meiri (2010) for these two families. In the Agamidae (Table S1), to our surprise, we did not see large differences between the mass-length relationship of the wide-bodied Uromasticinae and other taxa. Members of the gliding Southeast Asian genus Draco, however, are much lighter than agamids of comparable length (see Figure S4). We therefore developed new equations for the Agamidae: one for the genus Draco and one for all other agamids, based on data in Table S1. In deriving new equations for agamids we preferred masses of males when data for both sexes were available, because female mass is likely to be more greatly affected by reproductive condition than male size (although we did not use female masses when the female was known to be pregnant, and used post-partum masses when those were reported). We only used data for unsexed specimens if no data were available for specimens of known sex. When possible (for 106 species) we used data from the same publication for both weight and SVL. For three species we could only find weight data in one publication and SVL data in another. We present new family-level equations for the Crotaphytidae (Table S2), Leiosauridae (Table S3), Limbless anguids (Table S4) and Xenosauridae (Table S5). For iguanian families that were recently split (e.g., from Tropiduridae or Polychrotidae – including Polychrotidae sensu stricto [most data for this family in Meiri 2010 were for Anolis) and for which we do not have a new family-level equation (or genus level in the case of Ctenoblepharys adspersa) we used the equation for Iguania from Meiri (2010). For snakes we developed new equations for families that were recently split (i.e., former subfamilies of Colubridae), from length and mass data already presented in Feldman and Meiri (2013), by simply allocating species to the newly recognized families according to the taxonomy of Uetz (2014) which we follow in this work. For such new families with no suitable data (e.g., Pseudoxenodontidae) we used the equation of Colubridae (Sensu lato; Feldman and Meiri 2013). In the Scolecophidia we found differences between the mass-length relationship of Leptotyphlopidae and Typhlopidae and use an equation for Typhlopidae from Scharf et al. (2014). We present here new equations for the Leptotyphlopidae (data from Feldman and Meiri 2013). Table S1 Agamid lengths and masses sub-family Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Species Acanthocercus atricollis Acanthocercus cyanogaster Acanthocercus phillipsii Agama aculeata Agama agama Agama atra Agama caudospinosa Agama hispida Agama impalearis Agama lionotus Agama mwanzae Agama planiceps Agama rueppelli Coryphophylax subcristatus Laudakia tuberculata Paralaudakia caucasia Paralaudakia lehmanni Phrynocephalus axillaris Phrynocephalus forsythii Phrynocephalus guttatus Phrynocephalus helioscopus Phrynocephalus interscapularis Phrynocephalus mystaceus Phrynocephalus przewalskii Phrynocephalus putjatai Phrynocephalus versicolor Phrynocephalus vlangalii Psammophilus dorsalis Pseudotrapelus sinaitus Rankinia diemensis Sitana ponticeriana mean SVL (mm) 118.6897 107 68.5 56.6 117.0455 105 130.8182 66.6 104.8333 117.25 118.375 108.5 77.32 mean mass (g) 48.8931 39 9.5 6.58 51.04545 24.4 82.11818 14.07 36.91667 51.54375 54.1875 29.55 20.208 n (# of animals) 29 1 2 5 22 1 11 NA 12 48 8 2 25 sex male unsexed unsexed unsexed male unsexed male unsexed male male male male unsexed Krishnan 2005 Fleming et al. 2013 TAUM TAUM Sun et al. 2012 Sun et al. 2012 Rogovin and Semenov 2002 (SVL), Rogovin and Semenov 2004 (mass) 79.65108 150 126.5714 117 48.4 53.3 14.89684 94.2 53.88571 54.94 3.3 4.6 212 NA 14 5 34 39 unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed female female 48.82 4.06 NA male TAUM 54 6.9 2 unsexed TAUM TAUM 34 90 0.9 28.3 4 1 male female Qu et al. 2011 Ji et al. 2009 Qu et al. 2011 Jin and Liu 2007 Radder et al. 2006 TAUM Stuart-Smith et al. 2008 Radder and Shanbhag 2003 51.2 72.05 52.8 58.89549 102 78.28571 66.3 62.2 3.931818 11.1 4.386364 8.951316 40 15.02857 10 6.84 89 14 134 266 NA 35 NA 29 female female female female male male female female source TAUM TAUM TAUM Jacobsen 1982 TAUM TAUM TAUM Costa et al. 2008 TAUM TAUM TAUM TAUM TAUM sub-family Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Agaminae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Amphibolurinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Species Stellagama stellio Trapelus agilis Trapelus agnetae Trapelus sanguinolentus Trapelus savignii Amphibolurus muricatus Amphibolurus norrisi Chlamydosaurus kingii Ctenophorus adelaidensis Ctenophorus clayi Ctenophorus fionni Ctenophorus fordi Ctenophorus isolepis Ctenophorus maculatus Ctenophorus maculosus Ctenophorus nuchalis Ctenophorus pictus Ctenophorus reticulatus Ctenophorus scutulatus Diporiphora bilineata Diporiphora winneckei Hypsilurus boydii Hypsilurus spinipes Intellagama lesueurii Lophognathus longirostris Lophognathus temporalis Moloch horridus Physignathus cocincinus Pogona barbata Pogona henrylawsoni Pogona minor Tympanocryptis lineata Tympanocryptis tetraporophora Acanthosaura coronata Acanthosaura nataliae Calotes aurantolabium Calotes calotes Calotes mystaceus Calotes rouxii Calotes versicolor Draco beccarii Draco biaro Draco bimaculatus Draco blanfordii Draco caerulhians Draco cornutus Draco cristatellus source TAUM TAUM TAUM TAUM TAUM Fleming et al. 2013 Brown 2012 Bedford et al. 1993 Fleming et al. 2013 Costa et al. 2008 Johnston 2005 Costa et al. 2008 Costa et al. 2008 Fleming et al. 2013 Olsson 1995 Light et al. 1966 Henle 1989 Costa et al. 2008 Costa et al. 2008 Sadlier 1990 Costa et al. 2008 Brown 2012 Brown 2012 Brown 2012 Costa et al. 2008 Iglesias et al. 2012 Bush 1992 TAUM TAUM Turner and Valentic 1998 Costa et al. 2008 TAUM mean SVL (mm) 112.0958 100 64.24848 91.42857 81.07381 100 90 210.3333 35.52 41.6 71.5 48.3 51.4 64.6 62.47895 127 55 72.3 74.8 55 43.8 150 120 210 64 116.6571 91 185 201.4667 119.5 100.4 70 mean mass (g) 60.68269 35.5 9.121212 21.18571 18.25714 60 20 240.3333 1.97 2.7 14 2.7 5.48 8.8 7.508065 40 8 15.08 18.29 4.25 2.51 145 55 375 10.42 54.10571 38 302.95 235.5467 70 42.11 7 n (# of animals) 52 35.5 33 7 21 NA NA 9 NA NA 1 NA NA NA 62 1 2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 45 1 2 15 2 NA 1 sex male male male unsexed male unsexed unsexed female unsexed unsexed male unsexed unsexed unsexed male male unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed unsexed male female unsexed unsexed male unsexed unsexed Greer and Smith 2000 Jestrzemski et al. 2013 Jestrzemski et al. 2013 Krishnan 2008 TAUM Hartmann et al. 2013 Shanbhag et al. 2010) Ji et al. 2002 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 51.1 73.82 114.5 67.9 101 114.1 70.3 90.1 68.79 73.5 66.71 122.4 71.254 76.25 85 4.81 13.36 42 6.3 38.2 56 10 16 3.61 4.23 3.03 14.18 3.57 4.23 9.9 13 1 2 1 1 1 1 117 17 5 26 20 6 4 1 male unsexed unsexed female unsexed male male male male male male male male male female Draconinae Draconinae Leiolepidinae Species Draco cyanopterus Draco fimbriatus Draco guentheri Draco haematopogon Draco lineatus Draco maculatus Draco maximus Draco melanopogon Draco mindanensis Draco obscurus Draco ornatus Draco palawanensis Draco quadrasi Draco quinquefasciatus Draco reticulatus Draco spilopterus Draco sumatranus Draco taeniopterus Draco volans Japalura brevipes Japalura swinhonis Otocryptis wiegmanni Pseudocalotes andamanensis Pseudocalotes larutensis Leiolepis reevesii Uromastycinae Uromastycinae Uromastycinae Saara hardwickii Uromastyx acanthinura Uromastyx aegyptia Uromastycinae Uromastycinae Uromastycinae Uromastyx dispar Uromastyx ornata Uromastyx thomasi sub-family Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae Draconinae source McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 McGuire 1998 Huang 1997 Huang 2007 Erdelen 1998 Krishnan 2008 Hallermann and McGuire 2001 Du et al. 2011 Minton 1966 (SVL), Qureshi et al. 2012 (weight) Meiri, unpublished TAUM Mateo et al. 1998 (SVL), Wilms 2005 (weight) Meiri, unpublished Wilms 2005 mean SVL (mm) 87.83 110.33 71.5 80.25 77.75 78.83 139.63 79.79 96.5 96 75.58 77.69 69.75 101.5 63.21 78.576 77.36 73.47 70 65.83 74.58 69.2 mean mass (g) 8.27 16.9 4.4 4.89 5.2 5.59 22 3.66 7.28 8.1 4.66 4.61 3.5 7.82 2.97 4.816 4.7 3.78 3.5 7.55 11.24 8 n (# of animals) 3 3 2 14 20 12 8 43 4 4 6 8 2 7 10 35 11 16 5 13 89 1 sex male male male male male male male male male male male male male male male male male male male female male male 84.1 77.3 101.4 12.5 7.1 20.45724 1 1 200 male male female 177 210.3 322 263.4 427.6 1204.4 6/20 5 5 male unsexed male 220 202.5 130 500 382 155 NA 1 NA / 2 female male female Meiri, unpublished: measurements taken by SM in the field or in the Meier Segals’ Garden for Zoological Research, Tel Aviv University. 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A. 2003. Interrelationships among reproductive traits of female lizard, Sitana ponticeriana (Cuvier). Current Science 85: 89-91. Radder, R. S., Saidapur, S. K. and Shanbhag, B. A. 2006. Big boys on top: effects of body size, sex and reproductive state on perching behaviour in the tropical rock dragon, Psammophilus dorsalis. Animal Biology 56: 311-321. Rogovin, K. A. and Semenov, D,. V. 2004. The toad-headed agama Phrynocephalus guttatus (Reptilia: Agamidae): the correlates of survival in a translocated population in the Southwestern Kalmyk Republic. Russian Journal of Ecology, 35: 389-394. Translated from Ekologiya, 6, 2004, pp. 436–441. Rogovin, K. A. and Semenov, D. V. 2002. Demography of translocated population of toad-headed agama Phrynocephalus guttatus in southern Kalmykya. Russian Journal of Herpetology 9: 169-176. Sadlier, R. A. 1990. The terrestrial and semiaquatic reptiles (Lacertilia, Serpentes) of the Magela Creek region, Northern Territory. Australian Government Publishing Service Technical Memorandum 32: 1-77. Shanbhag, B. A., Ammanna, V. H. F. and Saidapur, S. K. 2010. Calotes rouxi (forest dwarf calotes) captive reproduction and breeding behavior. Herpetological Review 41: 74. Stuart-Smith, J. F., Stuart-Smith, R. D., Swain, R. and Wapstra, E. 2008. Size dimorphism in Rankinia [Tympanocryptis] diemensis (Family Agamidae): sex-specific patterns and geographic variation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 94: 699709. Sun, Y-Y., Du, Y., Yang, J., Fu, T-B., Lin, C-X. and Ji, X. 2012. Is the evolution of viviparity accompanied by a relative increase in maternal abdomen size in lizards? Evolutionary Biology 39: 388–399. Turner, G. and Valentic, R. A. 1998. Notes on the occurrence and habits of the Downs bearded dragon Pogona henrylawsoni. Herpetofauna 28: 12-18. Wilms, T. 2005. Uromastyx. Natural history, captive care, breeding. Herpeton, Offenbach. Table S2 - Crotaphytidae lengths and masses Species SVL (mm) Crotaphytus antiquus 100.4 Mass (g) 40.4 Crotaphytus bicinctores 95.5 Crotaphytus collaris n sex measure reference 18 male means Husak et al. 2006 36.6 1 unsexed single specimen Blob 2000 96.9 38.5 422 male means Sexton et al. 1992 Crotaphytus dickersonae 91 36.3 36 male Plasman et al. 2007 Gambelia sila 115.8 55.6 12 male Gambelia wislizenii 120.4 51.5 1 unsexed means upper decile mean single specimen Germano and Williams 2005 Blob 2000 References: Blob, R. W. 2000. Interspecific scaling of the hindlimb skeleton in lizards, crocodilians, felids and canids: does limb bone shape correlate with limb posture? Journal of Zoology 250: 507-531. Germano, D. J. and Williams, D. F. 2005. Population ecology of blunt-nosed leopard lizards in high elevation foothill habitat. Journal of Herpetology, 39: 1-18. Husak, J. F., Lappin, A. K., Fox, S. F. and Lemos-Espinal., J. A. 2006. Bite-Force Performance Predicts Dominance in Male Venerable Collared Lizards (Crotaphytus antiquus). Copeia 2006: 301-306. Plasman, M., Duchateau, M. J. H. M. and Macedonia, J. M. 2007. Anti-predation behaviour of Dickerson’s collared lizard, Crotaphytus dickersonae. Animal Biology, 57: 231-246. Sexton, O. J., Andrews, R. M. and Bramble, J. E. 1992. Size and growth rate characteristics of a peripheral population of Crotaphytus collaris (Sauria: Crotaphytidae). Copeia 1992: 968-980. Table S3 - Leiosauridae lengths and masses Species SVL (mm) Mass (g) n sex measure reference Enyalius bilineatus 70 10.8 52 unsexed means Linares and Eterovick 2013 Enyalius brasiliensis 85.7 16.3 4 unsexed means Almeida-Gomes et al. 2008 Enyalius iheringii 103.0 24.0 1 female single specimen Migliore et al. 2014 Enyalius leechii 90.2 21.6 6 male means Vitt et al. 1996 Enyalius perditus 71.5 8.3 26 male means Barreto-Lima and Sousa 2011 Leiosaurus catamarcensis 84 21 1 female single specimen Sanabria et al. 2010 Pristidactylus achalensis 101.5 32.0 66 male midpoint Sinsch et al. 2002 Pristidactylus torquatus 90 26.2 16 unsexed midpoint Labra 1995 Pristidactylus volcanensis 91 24.4 11 unsexed midpoint Labra 1995 Urostrophus vautieri 4.1 4 unsexed means Linares and Eterovick 2013 57.8 References: Almeida-Gomes, M., Vrcibradic, D., Siqueira, C. C., Kiefer, M. C., Klaion, T., AlmeidaSantos, P., Nascimento, D., Ariani, C. V., Borges-Junior, V. N., Freitas-Filho, R. F., van Sluys, M. and Rocha, C. F. 2008. Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro Sao Joao) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 80: 291-300. Barreto-Lima, A. F. and Sousa, B. M. 2011. Feeding ecology and sexual dimorphism of Enyalius perditus in an Atlantic forest, Brazil. Herpetological Bulletin 118: 1-9. Labra, A. 1995. Thermoregulation in Pristidactylus lizards (Polycridae): effects of group size. Journal of Herpetology, 29: 260-264. Linares, A. M. and Eterovick, P. C. 2013. Herpetofaunal surveys support successful reconciliation ecology in secondary and human modified habitats at the Inhotim Institute, southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 69: 237-256. Migliore, S. M., Braz, H. B. and Almeida-Santos, S. M. 2014. Reproductive aspects of two Enyalius lizards from the Atlantic forest in Southeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes, 7: 273-276. Sanabria, E. A., Quiroga, L. B. and Cortez, R. O. 2010. Leiosaurus catamarcensis (NCN). Clutch size. 41: 226. Sinsch, U., Martino, A. L. and di Tada, I. E. 2002. Longevity and sexual size dimorphism of the Pampa de Achala copper lizard Pristidactylus achalensis (Gallardo, 1964). Amphibia-Reptilia 23: 177-190. Vitt, L. J., Avila-Pires, T. C. S. and Zani, P. A. 1996. Observations on the ecology of the rare Amazonian lizard Enyalius leechii (Polychrotidae). Herpetological Natural History 4: 77-82. Table S4 - Limbless anguids lengths and masses Species Pseudopus apodus SVL (mm) 563.4 Mass (g) 513.2 n 7 sex males measure means Anguis cephallonica 193.5 26.4 9 males means Anguis fragilis 168.3 13.8 68 females means Anguis graeca 192.0 23.1 2 males Dopasia harti 221.0 46 1 females means single specimen Ophisaurus attenuatus 209.3 29 3 unsexed means Ophisaurus ventralis 212.7 32.17 11 (SVL) / 9 (mass) unsexed means reference TAUM Panayiotis Pafilis, pers. comm. Ferreiro and Galan 2004 Panayiotis Pafilis, pers. comm. Inger et al. 1990 Johnson and Voigt 1978 Wiens and Slingluff 2001 (SVL); Kamel and Gatten 1983 (mass) References: Ferreiro, R. and Galan, P. 2004. Reproductive ecology of the slow worm (Anguis fragilis) in the northwest Iberian Peninsula. Animal Biology, 54: 353-371. Inger, R. F., Zhao, E-M., Shaffer, H. B. and Wu, G-F. 1990. Report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from Sichuan, China. Fieldiana, Zoology. New Series 58:124. Johnson, C. R. and Voigt, W. G. 1978. Observations on thermoregulation in the western slender glass lizard, Ophisaurus attenuatus attenuatus (Sauria: Anguidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 63: 305-307. Kamel, S. and Gatten, R. E. 1983. Aerobic and anaerobic activity metabolism of limbless and fossorial reptiles. Physiological Zoology, 56: 419-429. TAUM: Tel Aviv University Zoological Museum Wiens, J. J. and Slingluff, J. L. 2001. How lizards turn into snakes: A phylogenetic analysis of body-form evolution in anguid lizards. Evolution, 55: 2303–2318. Table S5 – Xenosauridae lengths and masses Species Xenosaurus agrenon Xenosaurus newmanorum Xenosaurus phalaroanthereon Xenosaurus platyceps Xenosaurus rectocollaris SVL (mm) 96.4 102.8 Mass (g) 16.7 22.2 n 64 206 sex unsexed unsexed measure means means 110.7 97.3 108 26.2 19.6 31 87 74 33 unsexed unsexed unsexed means means max reference Lemos-Espinal et al. 2003 Lemos-Espinal et al. 1998 Lemos-Espinal and Smith 2005 Lemos-Espinal et al. 2004 Lemos-Espinal et al. 1996 References: Lemos-Espinal, J. A. and Smith, G. R. 2005. Natural history of Xenosaurus phalaroanthereon (Squamata, Xenosauridae), a knob-scaled lizard from Oaxaca, Mexico. Phyllomedusa 4: 133-137. Lemos-Espinal, J. A., Smith, G. R. and Ballinger, R. E. 1996. Natural history of the Mexican knob-scaled lizard, Xenosaurus rectocollaris. Herpetological Natural History 4: 151-154. Lemos-Espinal, J. A., Smith, G. R. and Ballinger, R. E. 1998. Thermal ecology of the crevice-dwelling lizard, Xenosaurus newmanorum. Journal of Herpetology, 32: 141144. Lemos-Espinal, J. A., Smith, G. R. and Ballinger, R. E. 2003. Diets of three species of knob-scaled lizards (genus Xenosaurus) from Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 48: 119-122. Lemos-Espinal, J. A., Smith, G. R. and Ballinger, R. E. 2004. Aspects of the ecology of a distinct population of Xenosaurus platyceps from Queretaro, Mexico. AmphibiaReptilia 25: 204-210. Figures Figure S1. – Masses and lengths in six skink clades (species with 4 legs and 20 digits) 3.5 3 Egerninae eugongylinae 2.5 Lygosominae Mabuyinae log mass (g) 2 Scincinae Sphenomorphinae 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 Log SVL (mm) 2.2 2.4 2.6 While all these skink clades are each other’s closest relatives (i.e., the Scincidae is monophyletic) some suggest treating each lineage as a separate family. Legless species omitted. Figure S2 – Masses and weights in the Anguidae (including Diploglossidae, only species with 4 legs and 20 digits included) Anguidae S. lato 3 2.5 log mass (g) 2 1.5 Diploglossidae 1 Anguidae 0.5 0 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 Log SVL (mm) While Diploglossidae is the sister taxon of the Anguidae some suggest treating them as separate families. Legless species omitted. Figure S3 – Masses and weights in the Phrynosomatidae 2 Phrynosoma 1.8 Phrynosomatinae 1.6 Sceloporinae log Mass (g) 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 log SVL (mm) The genus Phrynosoma belongs to the sub-family Phrynosomatinae. 2.2 Figure S4 – masses and weights in the Agamidae a. Agamid sub-families The genus Draco belongs to the sub-family Draconinae b. A 3 taxon arrangement (with Urimastycinae separate from other agamids) c. A 2 taxon arrangement (Draco and all other agamids) Appendix S2c Examples of large differences in mass between squamates of a given length # Species sub-order total length (mm) mass (g) 12473 Gerrhosaurus skoogi Sauria 205 67.8 12734 Myriopholis macrorhyncha Serpentes 206 0.6 6780 Daboia palaestinae Serpentes 206 12.5 na Platyceps collaris Serpentes 224 19.5 na Chamaeleo chamaeleon Sauria 224.2 48.2 na Myriopholis macrorhyncha Serpentes 225 1.4 13991 Uromastyx ornata Sauria 290 169.1 879 Myriopholis macrorhyncha Serpentes 291 1.6 10 Eryx jaculus Serpentes 291 27.3 14371 Uromastyx aegyptia Sauria 500 1631 12117 Bitis caudalis Serpentes 502 120.2 2871 Platyceps elegantissimus Serpentes 503 11 5916 Cyclura nubila Sauria 1022 3840 4517 Varanus griseus Sauria 1064 1575 13098 Platyceps rhodorachis Serpentes 1072 44.5 8089 Daboia palaestinae Serpentes 1072 486.7 10506 Boa constrictor Serpentes 2030 4480 3318 Dolichophis jugularis Serpentes 2090 725 measured by SM in the field, 15/04/2015 measured by SM in the field, 25/05/2015 measured by SM in the field, 29/05/2012 The left hand column is the museum number in the reptile collection of the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University. In the figure: Bitis caudalis #TAU12117 with the 1mm longer Platyceps elegantissimus #TAU2871 placed on top of it (photo: Oz Ritner, with permission) showing that similar lengths do not necessarily depict similar size even of snakes, hence making clade-specific length to mass conversion equations a necessity when comparing sizes of distantly related taxa. Appendix S3 - data used to estimate standard deviation of mass Family Scincidae species Ablepharus rueppellii n 122 mean mass (g) 0.49 sd mass (g) 0.25 Agamidae Acanthocercus atricollis 121 36.78 18.24 Lacertidae Acanthodactylus aegyptius 56 1.77 0.60 Lacertidae Acanthodactylus beershebensis 172 7.59 2.58 Lacertidae Acanthodactylus boskianus 440 7.03 3.16 Lacertidae Acanthodactylus opheodurus 12 5.25 1.16 Lacertidae Acanthodactylus scutellatus 194 5.11 1.62 Agamidae Agama agama 72 42.04 24.43 Agamidae Agama caudospinosa 17 78.52 30.49 Agamidae Agama impalearis 15 34.61 13.47 Agamidae Agama lionotus 116 29.42 16.81 Agamidae Agama mwanzae 15 45.83 22.59 Agamidae Agama planiceps 11 27.19 8.15 Agamidae Agama rueppelli 32 20.76 19.01 Lamprophiidae Atractaspis engaddensis 59 46.32 32.66 Viperidae Bitis caudalis 28 39.70 32.07 Viperidae Bitis peringueyi 11 29.04 27.22 Gekkonidae Bunopus blanfordii 31 2.64 1.43 Viperidae Cerastes cerastes 63 171.88 111.24 Viperidae Cerastes gasperettii 91 140.49 83.08 Viperidae Cerastes vipera 97 13.02 7.61 Scincidae Chalcides guentheri 49 6.51 3.08 Scincidae Chalcides ocellatus 246 11.07 7.26 Scincidae Chalcides sepsoides 49 5.09 1.56 Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleo chamaeleon 118 35.40 18.15 Viperidae Crotalus cerastes 28 93.40 61.03 Gekkonidae Cyrtopodion scabrum 15 2.07 0.92 Viperidae Daboia palaestinae 752 400.64 211.59 Iguanidae Dipsosaurus dorsalis 16 45.44 9.36 Colubridae Dolichophis jugularis 65 759.27 562.23 Viperidae Echis carinatus 21 82.24 100.26 Viperidae Echis coloratus 381 73.89 46.05 Viperidae Echis pyramidum 14 76.42 80.25 Colubridae Eirenis coronella 44 5.52 2.06 Colubridae Eirenis decemlineatus 35 29.24 17.53 Colubridae Eirenis lineomaculatus 18 9.66 3.43 Colubridae Eirenis rothii 72 3.11 1.57 Viperidae Eristicophis macmahoni 19 117.16 58.66 Boidae Eryx jaculus 81 95.48 74.79 Family Scincidae species Eumeces schneideri n 67 mean mass (g) 62.53 sd mass (g) 25.89 Lacertidae Gallotia galloti 11 14.08 3.79 Gekkonidae Hemidactylus turcicus 160 2.58 1.42 Colubridae Hemorrhois nummifer 71 138.63 137.62 Lacertidae Lacerta agilis 13 12.56 5.48 Lacertidae Lacerta media 34 41.14 9.68 Lacertidae Lacerta viridis 25 43.71 23.64 Typhlopidae Letheobia simonii 35 1.00 0.43 Gekkonidae Lygodactylus picturatus 16 1.28 0.41 Colubridae Lytorhynchus diadema 39 12.15 4.80 Colubridae Macroprotodon cucullatus 19 16.91 8.60 Viperidae Macrovipera lebetina 11 367.76 329.05 Lamprophiidae Malpolon insignitus 44 464.60 386.82 Gekkonidae Mediodactylus amictopholis 15 1.08 0.49 Gekkonidae Mediodactylus kotschyi 148 2.70 0.94 Lacertidae Mesalina guttulata 225 2.12 0.64 Lacertidae Mesalina olivieri 81 2.11 0.67 Lamprophiidae Micrelaps muelleri 22 9.28 4.39 Leptotyphlopidae Myriopholis macrorhyncha 19 1.47 0.57 Elapidae Naja melanoleuca 12 400.69 219.18 Natricidae Natrix tessellata 99 80.72 34.26 Scincidae Ophiomorus latastii 21 2.82 1.12 Lacertidae Ophisops elegans 280 2.32 0.94 Agamidae Paralaudakia caucasia 19 49.75 19.11 Gekkonidae Phelsuma madagascariensis 13 24.75 11.77 Lacertidae Phoenicolacerta kulzeri 12 6.84 2.24 Lacertidae Phoenicolacerta laevis 177 4.92 2.10 Colubridae Platyceps collaris 62 42.94 26.25 Colubridae Platyceps elegantissimus 12 17.03 11.03 Colubridae Platyceps karelini 64 41.79 35.26 Colubridae Platyceps rhodorachis 30 39.59 29.26 Lacertidae Podarcis erhardii 96 6.00 1.66 Lacertidae Podarcis gaigeae 114 8.28 5.06 Lacertidae Podarcis melisellensis 16 6.28 1.71 Lacertidae Podarcis muralis 17 5.94 1.82 Lamprophiidae Psammophis schokari 51 46.54 31.70 Viperidae Pseudocerastes fieldi 38 278.22 171.21 Anguidae Pseudopus apodus 34 580.93 148.32 Agamidae Pseudotrapelus sinaitus 92 14.17 4.57 Phyllodactylidae Ptyodactylus guttatus 168 9.98 3.64 Phyllodactylidae Ptyodactylus hasselquistii 14 8.77 3.78 n 44 mean mass (g) 9.49 sd mass (g) 3.28 Colubridae species Ptyodactylus puiseuxi Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus 40 9.57 3.96 Scincidae Scincus scincus 14 22.83 5.36 Colubridae Spalerosophis diadema 63 190.71 156.45 Agamidae Stellagama stellio 192 63.77 18.21 Gekkonidae Stenodactylus doriae 30 5.34 2.01 Gekkonidae Stenodactylus petrii 38 4.37 2.16 Gekkonidae Stenodactylus sthenodactylus 189 2.73 1.36 Colubridae Telescopus dhara 11 46.81 30.98 Colubridae Telescopus fallax 60 23.33 12.20 Lacertidae Timon lepidus 10 101.14 35.41 Scincidae Trachylepis vittata 155 7.90 3.31 Agamidae Trapelus mutabilis 90 12.29 3.95 Agamidae Trapelus savignii 113 15.66 8.38 Gekkonidae Tropiocolotes nattereri 79 0.32 0.26 Agamidae Uromastyx aegyptia 45 981.73 502.90 Agamidae Uromastyx ornata 44 140.38 39.88 Varanidae Varanus griseus 36 1066.18 358.85 Viperidae Vipera ammodytes 10 345.65 443.95 Viperidae Vipera berus 10 64.98 24.07 Elapidae Walterinnesia aegyptia 14 385.91 227.98 Typhlopidae Xerotyphlops vermicularis 112 2.23 2.07 Family Phyllodactylidae based on 7693 specimens belonging to 102 species in 17 families. No zoo animals, no specimens known to be juveniles or juvenile sized included (only specimens larger than the smallest specimen known to be adult included) 867 specimens were measured by Shai Meiri, 6826 measured by museum staff upon entering the collection. Minimum sample size per species: 10 individuals. The dataset does not contain dibamids, amphisbaenians or Anilioideans, or Sphenodons. It contains members of Scolecophidia and Alethinophidia, both Caenophidia and booids, anguimorphs, scincomorphs, acrodonts, gekkotans, and lacertoids. All specimens measured by SM were measured with digital calipers (to 0.01mm precision) and weighed (with spring or digital scales, to 0.1 and 1g precision for specimens up to 20g and above 20g, respectively). Measurements were conducted in Greece (both Podarcis species and most Mediodactylus specimens) and in Israel (all other species, and a minority of Mediodactylus individuals) between 2008 and 2015. Appendix S5 Results of the MacroCAIC phylogenetic analyses for linear and quadratic (hump-shaped) association between mass and richness within squamate taxa. The results show a significant negative relationship between body mass and species richness in lizards (p < 0.04 in all MNS values), and a marginally-significant correlation with a positive coefficient in snakes (p = 0.079, 0.031, and 0.042 for MNS = 10, 20, and 30, respectively). The amount of variance explained, however, is very low (<4% for squamates, lizards and snakes under all MNS values). The results for amphisbaenians are non-significant. These contrasting functions probably resulted in non-significant correlation across the whole Squamata clade (p > 0.1 for all MNS values). The results obtained for the families were mostly non-significant (3 positive, 9 negative and 77 non-significant linear relationships. Eight of 89 quadratic relationships are significant: 3 negative and 5 positive). Taxonomic level Order Order Order sub-order sub-order sub-order sub-order sub-order sub-order sub-order sub-order Family Clade Squamata Squamata Squamata Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenia Sauria Sauria Sauria Serpentes Serpentes Serpentes Agamidae sample size 4134 4134 4134 51 51 2828 2828 2828 1255 1255 1255 219 mms 10 20 30 10 20 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 R2 (linear) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.007 0.015 0.017 0.010 0.027 0.034 0.052 Family Agamidae 219 20 0.150 Family Family Agamidae Amphisbaenidae 219 41 30 10 0.263 0.006 slope -0.073 0.066 0.227 0.003 1.661 -2.108 -3.358 -4.042 1.829 3.511 4.483 -5.749 10.316 15.508 1.473 p (linear) 0.917 0.951 0.875 1.000 0.903 0.032 0.021 0.039 0.079 0.032 0.042 0.100 R2 (quadratic) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.131 0.399 0.011 0.020 0.024 0.015 0.030 0.039 0.130 quadratic coefficient 0.471 0.074 -0.701 -45.003 -134.974 0.842 -0.029 1.081 6.192 7.505 11.903 21.570 p (quadratic) 0.781 0.978 0.858 0.259 0.075 0.670 0.992 0.803 0.103 0.224 0.233 0.112 0.038 0.254 28.765 0.181 0.012 0.848 0.295 0.092 12.099 -25.553 0.689 0.511 Clade Amphisbaenidae sample size 41 mms 20 R2 (linear) 0.028 Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Anguidae Boidae Carphodactylidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Chamaeleonidae Colubridae Colubridae Colubridae Cordylidae Cordylidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Dactyloidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Diplodactylidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Dipsadidae Elapidae Elapidae Elapidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gekkonidae Gerrhosauridae 34 34 22 139 139 139 247 247 247 41 41 206 206 206 96 96 96 209 209 209 144 144 144 352 352 352 28 10 10 10 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 0.622 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.153 0.140 0.003 0.013 0.045 0.010 0.003 0.023 0.016 0.157 0.000 0.027 0.007 0.012 0.001 0.007 0.020 0.020 0.024 0.021 0.006 0.007 0.033 Family Gymnophthalmidae 80 10 0.235 Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae Iguanidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lacertidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Lamprophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Liolaemidae Natricidae Natricidae Natricidae Phrynosomatidae 80 80 31 185 185 185 136 136 136 27 119 119 119 77 77 77 112 20 30 10 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 0.341 0.059 0.023 0.002 0.005 0.038 0.139 0.135 0.129 0.390 0.006 0.000 0.001 0.053 0.041 0.122 0.005 Taxonomic level Family slope 4.503 19.951 -0.243 -1.714 0.690 5.774 6.716 -0.957 2.381 4.719 -2.054 -1.104 3.216 -3.305 -9.779 -0.176 -3.764 3.567 2.225 -0.757 -2.854 2.750 2.916 3.506 4.897 3.017 3.125 -2.231 19.668 22.509 -9.173 2.016 -1.507 -2.578 -6.906 6.091 6.476 6.207 50.106 2.489 -0.396 1.539 2.385 2.403 4.352 -2.543 p (linear) 0.749 R2 (quadratic) 0.357 quadratic coefficient -98.981 p (quadratic) 0.326 0.035 0.969 0.954 0.833 0.209 0.362 0.668 0.520 0.268 0.833 0.929 0.355 0.588 0.143 0.973 0.594 0.859 0.445 0.891 0.731 0.409 0.502 0.569 0.194 0.597 0.658 0.695 0.675 0.002 0.186 0.012 0.184 0.250 0.005 0.021 0.046 0.068 0.051 0.023 0.027 0.172 0.030 0.031 0.021 0.019 0.026 0.026 0.075 0.083 0.028 0.022 0.021 0.020 0.111 19.465 -5.859 302.109 6.090 11.179 30.049 -5.334 14.392 8.705 -36.898 -38.325 2.058 5.201 -19.847 13.691 1.545 22.569 12.676 -26.058 -32.928 29.244 30.552 11.290 7.468 15.559 18.808 26.830 0.712 0.915 0.473 0.528 0.303 0.334 0.703 0.581 0.756 0.628 0.776 0.868 0.797 0.405 0.467 0.957 0.798 0.483 0.450 0.557 0.138 0.195 0.739 0.497 0.354 0.478 0.616 0.030 0.265 -37.189 0.118 0.099 0.694 0.776 0.785 0.755 0.484 0.050 0.216 0.277 0.260 0.688 0.977 0.935 0.343 0.552 0.358 0.742 0.647 0.482 0.339 0.002 0.037 0.041 0.233 0.516 0.688 0.889 0.093 0.003 0.003 0.073 0.052 0.122 0.036 -90.067 -100.934 165.465 0.912 29.239 -19.000 37.103 71.971 86.162 -7.874 -95.006 -30.373 -24.549 10.462 8.950 5.245 56.032 0.027 0.307 0.312 0.971 0.455 0.776 0.049 0.013 0.004 0.798 0.137 0.888 0.918 0.461 0.691 0.833 0.460 Clade Phrynosomatidae Phrynosomatidae Phyllodactylidae Phyllodactylidae Pygopodidae Pythonidae Scincidae Scincidae Scincidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Sphaerodactylidae Teiidae sample size 112 112 48 48 32 26 682 682 682 92 92 92 61 mms 20 30 10 20 10 10 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 R2 (linear) 0.000 0.026 0.044 0.000 0.112 0.294 0.012 0.015 0.013 0.005 0.035 0.025 0.020 Family Teiidae 61 20 0.423 Family Teiidae 61 30 0.423 Family Tropiduridae 78 10 0.062 Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Tropiduridae Tropiduridae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Typhlopidae Varanidae Varanidae Viperidae Viperidae Viperidae Xantusiidae 78 78 74 74 74 53 53 206 206 206 26 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 10 20 30 10 0.293 0.331 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.483 0.657 0.005 0.070 0.001 0.002 Taxonomic level Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family slope 0.831 6.497 -7.952 -0.235 10.351 -4.389 -2.632 -3.598 -3.691 3.443 9.366 7.327 -4.116 22.840 22.840 13.914 28.234 60.741 1.866 0.905 -2.060 -4.642 -4.560 1.028 4.719 0.830 -1.328 p (linear) 0.937 0.582 0.515 0.990 0.378 0.345 0.167 0.248 0.354 0.720 0.487 0.664 0.659 R2 (quadratic) 0.020 0.056 0.190 0.955 0.601 0.314 0.014 0.026 0.023 0.029 0.096 0.148 0.039 quadratic coefficient 53.821 -84.295 78.508 273.289 149.960 8.622 -0.621 2.643 2.782 8.405 17.753 16.548 -18.720 p (quadratic) 0.615 0.596 0.282 0.023 0.028 0.889 0.881 0.705 0.758 0.474 0.286 0.404 0.613 0.114 0.835 -162.549 0.022 0.114 0.835 -162.549 0.022 0.278 0.062 -22.420 0.844 0.166 0.310 0.808 0.923 0.925 0.026 0.050 0.633 0.201 0.924 0.916 0.346 0.584 0.045 0.030 0.434 0.490 0.732 0.008 0.106 0.057 0.004 106.123 527.135 -22.486 -24.762 -186.958 -0.231 -22.943 -5.002 -27.904 -44.570 -6.953 0.639 0.341 0.485 0.597 0.227 0.988 0.336 0.772 0.432 0.426 0.928 Appendix S4 Size-frequency distributions of A. amphisbaenians, B. lizards, and C. snakes Data are from Appendix 1 A - Amphisbaenia B - Sauria C - Serpentes