Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 8 (1): 28-30, 2014 ISSN: 1307-1130, E-ISSN: 2146-0108, www.nobel.gen.tr Two New Lachnum Records for Turkish Mycobiota Ilgaz AKATA1 Abdullah KAYA*2 Yasin UZUN2 1 Department of Biology, Ankara University, Ankara, TURKEY 2 Department of Biology, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, TURKEY *Corresponding author: E-mail: kayaabd@hotmail.com Received: February 03, 2014 Accepted: March 19, 2014 Abstract Two leotiomycetious macromycete taxa, Lachnum brevipilosum Baral and Lachnum pygmaeum (Fr.) Bres., belonging to the family Hyaloscyphaceae, are given as new records for the macromycota of Turkey from Gümüşhane and Trabzon provinces. Short descriptions and photographs related to macro and micromorphologies of the taxa are given. Keywords: Lachnum, biodiversity, new records, Turkey INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Lachnum Retz. is a widely distributed saprophytic genus of the family Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf within the order Helotiales [1]. Species of the genus are characterized by small, disc shaped apothecia covered with whitish hairs on receptacle surface, eight spored, subcylindrical or cyllindrical to clavate asci with a iodine-blue pore, mostly aseptate, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, elongate or fusiform ascospores, and lanceolate to subcylindrical paraphyses, genearally longer than the asci [2,3,4]. During routine field trips in Trabzon and Gümüşhane, in 2012, two leotiomycetious macrofungi samples were collected and they were identified as Lachnum brevipilosum and Lachnum pygmaeum. A check of the current literature [5,6] revealed that, neither Lachnum brevipilosum nor Lachnum pygmaeum have previously been recorded from Turkey. The study aims to make a contribution to the mycobiota of Turkey by adding new records. Fresh samples were collected from Trabzon and Gümüşhane Provinces in 2012. During field trips, relevant morphological and ecological features of the specimens were recorded, and they were photographed in their natural habitats. Thereafter, the samples were taken to the fungarium. Microstructural data were obtained by light microscope. Microphotographs of asci and ascospores were taken through a Leica DM 1000 trinocular microscope with a Leica DFC 295 camera. Identification was performed with the help of the work reported by Hansen and Knudsen [2], Dimitrova [3], Ye et al. [7] and Jordan [8]. The samples are deposited in the herbarium of Ankara University (ANK) and Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Department of Biology. I. Akata et al. / JABS, 8 (1): 28-30, 2014 RESULTS Fungi Ascomycota R.H. Whittaker Leotiomycetes O.E. Erikss. & Winka Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Lachnum brevipilosum Baral Synonymy: Dasyscyphus brevipilus Le Gal (1930), Lachnum curtipilum Spooner (1987), Lachnum legaliae W.Y. Zhuang & Zheng Wang (1998). Macroscopic and microscopic features Apothecia stipitate, 1-2 mm across, cup shaped. Hymenium white to whitish cream, outer surface the same colour. Hairs 45-60 µm, cylindrical, septate, whitish and thin walled. Stipe 1-2 mm long, covered with whitish hairs. Asci 50-55 × 4-5 µm, eight spored, cylindrical to clavate. Ascospores 6-9 × 1.5-2.5 µm, hyaline, cylindrical to fusoid, irregular biseriate in the ascus. Paraphyses 2.5-3 µm broad, hyaline, narrowly lanceolate, slightly longer than asci. Ecology On rotten wood and woody remnants of decidious trees, especially Fagus and Fraxinus [2,3,8]. Specimen examined TURKEY— Gümüşhane, Zigana mountain, on beech remnant, 40°41'N - 39°28'E- 1400 m, 23.10.2012, Akata & Uzun 897. Lachnum pygmaeum (Fr.) Bres. Synonymy: Peziza pygmaea Fr. (1822), Helotium luteolum Curr.(1863), Helotium rhizophilum Fuckel (1865), Peziza prolifera Berk. (1866), Helotium pygmaeum (Fr.) P. Karst. (1871), Helotium tuba var. ochracea Berk. & Broome (1875), Peziza nuda W. Phillips (1881), Erinella pygmaea 29 (Fr.) Quél. (1886), Helotium pygmaeum var. pygmaeum (Fr.) P. Karst. (1871), Hymenoscyphus hedwigii W. Phillips (1887), Hymenoscyphus tuba var. ochraceus (Berk. & Broome) W. Phillips (1887), Lachnella luteola (Curr.) W. Phillips (1887), Lachnella nuda (W. Phillips) W. Phillips (1887), Lachnella pygmaeum W. Phillips (1887), (Dasyscyphus luteolus (Curr.) Sacc. (1889), Dasyscyphus pygmaeus (Fr.) Sacc. (1889), Dasyscyphus pygmaeus f. proliferus (Berk.) Sacc. (1889), Dasyscyphus pygmaeus (Fr.) Sacc. f. pygmaeus (1889), Helotium phillipsii Sacc.(1889), Phialea hedwigii (W. Phillips) Sacc. (1889), Ciboria pygmaea (Fr.) Rehm (1893), Ciboria ochracea Massee (1895), Helotium hedwigii (W. Phillips) Massee (1895), Atractobolus luteolus (Curr.) Kuntze (1898), Atractobolus pygmaeus (Fr.) Kuntze (1898), Calycina nuda (W. Phillips) Kuntze (1898), Lachnum hedwigii (W. Phillips) Bres (1903), Helotium pygmaeum var. proliferum (Berk.) Boud. (1907), Hyphoscypha nuda (W. Phillips) Boud. (1907). Macroscopic and microscopic features Apothecia stipitate, 2-4 mm across, disc to cup shaped. Hymenium whitish to yelowish, outside whitish to yellowish cream. Hairs 25-40 µm, clavate, whitish and thin walled. Stipe 4-6 mm long, the same colour as outside. Asci 60-70 × 5-6 µm, eight spored, narrowly cylindric to clavate. Ascospores 7-11 × 2-2.5 µm, hyaline, subcylindric to fusoid, biseriate in the ascus. Paraphyses 4-5 µm broad, hyaline, lanceolate, exceeding the asci by 15-20 µm. Ecology On buried branches and dead roots and rhizomes [2]. Specimen examined TURKEY— Trabzon, Yomra, Yeşilyurt village, in common hazel orchard, on dead branch, 40°49'N - 40°01'E, 290 m, 29.10.2012, Akata & Uzun 1024. Figure 1. Lachnum brevipilosum: a. ascocarps, b,c. asci and paraphyses, d. ascus, e. spores. I. Akata et al. / JABS, 8 (1): 28-30, 2014 30 Figure 2. Lachnum pygmaeum: a,b. ascocarps, c. asci and paraphyses, d. spores. DISCUSSION Lachnum brevipilosum is macroscopically very close to Lachnum virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst. due to their white to cream coloured hymenium and similar hair wall ultrastructure. But it is separated from the latter species by stipitate apothecia while the former is substipitate. Likewise, Lachnum pygmaeum macroscopically resembles several yellowish orange Lachnum species but it is easily distinguished from others by its longer stipe. More than 250 members of the genus Lachnum have been reported from diverse regions of the world [1,7]. But only two members, L. bicolor (Bull.) P. Karst. var. bicolor and L. virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst., are currently known to exist in Turkey [5,6,9,10]. Here, new distributions of Lachnum brevipilosum and Lachnum pygmaeum were given and they are presented as new records for the mycobiota of Turkey. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank to Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Research Fund (Project No: 08-M-13) for its financial support. 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