SPIXIANA
1
31
3–27
München, Mai 2008
ISSN 0341–8391
The Type Material of Hydrozoa described by Eberhard Stechow
in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München
Bernhard Ruthensteiner, Götz-Bodo Reinicke & Nicolas Straube
Ruthensteiner, B., G. B. Reinicke, & N. Straube (2008): The Type Material of
Hydrozoa described by Eberhard Stechow in the Zoologische Staatssammlung
München. – Spixiana 31/1: 3-27
As first of two catalogues on the type specimens of the collection of Hydrozoa
of the Zoologische Staatssammlung München, a list of the type material deposited
by Eberhard Stechow (1883-1959) is provided. Stechow was a hydrozoan taxonomist at the ZSM who assembled a vast collection of Hydrozoa in the first part of
the 20th century. The material comprises 592 ethanol samples and micro-preparations referencing 130 species descriptions. Type material is only missing for a single
species described by Stechow. It thus can be assumed that the Stechow collection
survived World War II largely undamaged. The taxa are listed in alphabetical order
by genus and species names with details on the material and references to the
original descriptions.
B. Ruthensteiner (corresponding author), Zoologische Staatssammlung München,
Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 München, Germany;
e-mail: BRuthensteiner@zsm.mwn.de
G.-B. Reinicke, Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Stralsund, Katharinenberg 14-20,
18439 Stralsund, Germany; e-mail: goetz.reinicke@meeresmuseum.de
N. Straube, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin,
Germany; e-mail: nicolas.straube@museum.hu-berlin.de
Introduction
The “Section Evertebrata varia” of the Zoologische
Staatssammlung München (= ZSM) was created in
1999 by the fusion of the echinoderm and the cnidarian collections and the inclusion of all minor nonarthropod evertebrate taxa. With approximately 5600
samples (3900 micro slides, 1700 ethanol samples)
the hydrozoan collection represents the most important taxon of this section. This collection predominantly comprises material accumulated by the hydrozoan taxonomist Eberhard Stechow (1883-1959)
(fig. 1).
The study of Schuchert (1998) on the overall
number of hydrozoan species made clear that Stechow played an extraordinary role in describing
species of this taxon. The number of valid species of
Hydrozoa is estimated 3200 (Schuchert 1998). Stechow introduced about 100 currently accepted species names and is ranked number four in describers
of hydrozoans. Numerous other names introduced
by Stechow have been snynonymized, while several of his currently accepted names are only new
names proposed by Stechow based mainly on literature data.
We found that Stechow described at least 130
new species based on material he had at hand. In
addition, he introduced about eleven new species
names mainly by renaming species that had been
described by other researchers. Most of the latter
taxa are based on literature information only, but
some are also based on information taken from
Stechow’s observations on specimens of the ZSM
collection. These samples, however, are not considered herein. Easy access to this type material with
the help of a data base or a published catalogue of
the ZSM hydrozoan type specimens, therefore,
would be of major help for taxonomic-systematic
research of this taxon. A revision of this vast type
material is an extensive task that has now been initiated through funding within the German GBIF-D
framework.
3
Fig. 1. Portrait of the late Eberhard Stechow.
As a first step in this revision, a list is presented
of the collection material which Stechow based his
new species on. Another catalogue listing the type
specimens of other researchers is planned.
According to Schuchert (1998), Stechow is notorious for his unfounded taxonomic splitting and
more of his species might have to be invalidated.
Nevertheless, easy access to the material will prove
particularly helpful for clarifying various taxonomic problems relating to Stechow’s descriptions.
Hence, the primary aim of this catalogue is the listing of the material the Stechow descriptions are
based upon to make them easy accessible for future
taxonomic studies.
History
At the beginning of the 20th century various collections of marine invertebrates were established at the
ZSM. These activities were initiated by the two leading personalities in zoology in Munich for that period – Richard Hertwig (director of the zoological
institute and first “Konservator”/director of the
4
ZSM) and Franz Doflein (second “Konservator”/
director of the ZSM). Among the first scientists
conducting systematic research on marine animals
at the ZSM was Eberhard Stechow, a scholar of Richard Hertwig. Stechow was active at the ZSM from
1905 until after World War II (Engelhardt, 1960). It
seems he had only been dealing with hydrozoan
systematics until the appearance of his last (in his
time) hydrozoan paper in 1932. Accordingly, it was
a period of approximately 27 years of intense work
on Hydrozoa. His interest apparently had been triggered by the expedition of Franz Doflein to East Asia
(1904/1905: Doflein,1906a). This expedition together with the results of earlier expeditions to Japan,
like those of Karl A. Haberer, yielded extensive
marine material including invertebrates from the
Sagami Bay (near Tokyo/Yokohama). After the return of Doflein in 1905 Stechow started working on
his doctoral dissertation (Stechow 1909), which dealt
with the morphology of the giant Japanese hydrozoan Branchiocerianthus imperator. Prior to finishing
his doctoral thesis, his first systematic study, dealing
with species descriptions of Japanese Hydrozoa of
the Doflein/Haberer collection material (Stechow
1907), had been published. Later extensive and detailed studies on the Japanese material (Stechow
1909, 1913c) appeared in the comprehensive supplements of the Abhandlungen der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften on the marine
fauna of Japan which were edited by Doflein. As a
result of those studies he rose in rank to become the
primary authority on systematics of the Hydrozoa
in Germany and received important expedition
material for examination. Among this material were
the Hydrozoa of the most important German marine
expedition, the “German Deep Sea Expedition Valdivia” (1898-1899). The results of these studies were
published in a number of smaller papers (e.g. Stechow 1911, 1921b, 1923a,b) and finally in a very
detailed comprehensive publication (1925a) in the
Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen TiefseeExpedition “Valdivia”. Other important hydrozoan
expedition material was received by Stechow for
examination – from the Wilhelm Michaelson & H.
Robert Hartmeyer-Expedition (1905: Hartmeyer
1907) to SW-Australia (Stechow 1924, 1925b), the
Hugo Merton-Expedition (1907/1908: Merton 1910)
to the Aru Islands (Stechow & Müller 1923) or the
collecting activities of Sanji Hozawa and colleagues
in the Mutsu Bay in Northern Japan (Stechow 1931,
Stechow & Uchida 1931). He also carried out collecting expeditions by himself. From the collection data
of the material it is possible to reconstruct the dates
of his travels to the Mediterranean coasts of France
and Italy (1910/1911), to the Caribbean (1912) and
to the German coasts (1925).
During his activities he had intense correspondence with scientists of other museums, namely
specialists on Hydrozoa, resulting in extensive exchange of material. In this way he received material
from all parts of the world, mostly material other
workers had used for faunistic taxonomic revisions
and which contained substantial portions of type
material. He also used such material to establish new
species. Most of these descriptions, together with
those of material from various sources, were compiled in two more large publications (Stechow 1919a,
1923c). The last paper (Stechow 1962) was published
post mortem many years after Stechow had lost his
interest in the Hydrozoa.
During World War II, prior to the almost complete destruction of the ZSM building by bomb raids,
the majority of the collections were moved elsewhere,
which was also the case for all marine invertebrate
collections. While there are reports on losses of
other marine invertebrate taxa (Tiefenbacher 1992),
no information is yet available concerning the fate
and losses of the cnidarian collections during World
War II. It seems likely – and will also be shown by
the results of this study – that the collection of the
Hydrozoa survived largely undamaged. However,
there were obviously enormous losses in written
documentation which probably had not been removed before the devastations. This might explain
the nearly complete absence of correspondence,
catalogues, lists etc. from the pre- and inter-war
periods in the invertebrate sections of the ZSM.
Since the end of Stechow’s interest in Hydrozoa
and his retirement from the ZSM, the collection has
mainly been used for loans of material. Only minor
material acquisitions occurred and custodial work
has largely been restricted to conservation.
Problems and methods
Problems in the preparation of this catalogue encountered from the beginning were:
– There is no written documentation like lists or
catalogues available aside from the information
on the labels.
– Stechow was fairly inconsequent when dealing
with type material. Only part of the type material
was labelled as such and in his publications he
hardly ever explicitly referred to type specimens.
– Stechow’s labelling is generally confusing since,
for example, he frequently changed names on
labels by simply overwriting the old names or
replacing old labels in the case of taxonomic
changes (e.g. fig. 2).
– In many cases Hydrozoa live as epizoans (Fig. 3),
often on other hydrozoan species. There are cases
Fig. 2. Campanularia (?) villafrancensis Stechow, 1919, ZSM
20041895, type material.
of Stechow describing both the substratum and
the epizoic species as new. As a result the type
material of both may be found in a single sample.
If only one species is type material, it was not
necessarily mentioned as the first species on the
label.
– At the beginning of this project it was not known
to what degree the collection had been reduced
by losses during World War II.
The first attempt of a simple and careful screening
of the material for samples labelled as type material revealed only a relatively small portion of the
whole type material to be expected. Therefore, the
entire material of the collection was registered in a
simple one-dimensional data base (MS Access). This
included several fields to file information taken from
the sample labels.
In addition, almost the entire literature (in total
over 1300 pages) of Stechow was digitized using a
scanner or digital camera. It was saved in *.pdf
format after OCR reading of the text. The literature
then was screened for species description and sections of taxonomic relevance. Search functions in
both the *.pdf file and the database enabled efficient
comparison of all kinds of information including
exchange partners, localities or synonyms. These
procedures permitted the identification of nearly all
the crucial material, including the types, of the collection. In addition, in many cases the morphology
of the specimens was compared macroscopically
(Fig. 4) or microscopically (Fig. 5) with images or
descriptions in the literature to identify type material.
Collections of the Museum für Naturkunde
Berlin (ZMB) and the Zoologisches Museum Hamburg (ZMH) were visited to clarify the presence of
syntypes of ZSM type material.
Type material
Stechow hardly ever referred to type material in his
descriptions. Accordingly, complete sets of material
used for descriptions are regarded as syntypic material. The size of such a set of syntypic material var-
5
0.5 cm
A
B
0.5 cm
C
D
E
0.5 cm
2 cm
0.5 cm
F
2 cm
G
2 cm
Fig. 3. Examples of epizoic growing type material. A. Janaria mirabilis Stechow, 1921, from ZSM 20051734, growing
on the hermit crabs Eupagurus varians Benedict, from “ventral” specimen, top: recent photograph (one dorsal hook
taken off by Stechow for micro-preparations), bottom: drawing from Doflein (1914, fig. 302C). B. Hydractinia epiconcha Stechow, 1907, from ZSM 20060488, colony covering the shell of a gastropod with soft body. C. Perigonimus
nudus Stechow, 1919, ZSM 20040161 colony growing on the gastropod Cerithium vulgatum Bruguiere. D. Sertularella japonica Stechow, 1926, ZSM 20040217 colony covering a single antenna of a palinurid crustacean. E. Corymorpha
(Euphysa) balssi Stechow, 1932, from ZSM 20040176, growing on the crab Schizophrys dama (Herbst). F. Colony of the
Hydrozoa Idieall pristis (Lamouroux), from ZSM 20040664, substratum for type material of Cyclonia gracilis Stechow,
1921. G. Colony of the gorgonarian Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal 1909, from ZSM 20051737, substratum for
type material of Hydrichthella epigorgia Stechow, 1909.
ies greatly. Mostly it consists of a colony sample in
ethanol and one or several micro-preparations
(Fig. 6). The latter typically were prepared by Stechow using material removed from the ethanol
sample and consist of different portions of the col-
6
ony on a micro slide. In some cases – primarily from
Stechow’s early period – serial sections are also
present. There can also be several ethanol samples
collected from different localities. For some species
only micro-preparations could be found; with only
2 cm
A
B
Fig. 4. Antennellopsis dofleini Stechow, 1907, ZSM 20041018, syntype. A. Photograph of the detailed description
(Stechow, 1909 tab. II, fig. 4). B. Recent photograph (opposite side than A.).
a single slide in some cases (Fig. 2). There are even
cases with a single small colony portion representing
the only type material of the species. Many of the
described species are epizoic. The respective substratum, a crustacean, a gastropod shell or another
hydrozoan usually is contained in the type sample
(Fig. 3).
The collection data as provided in this catalogue
are combined from information taken from the labels
and from the original descriptions of Stechow. If
available, published data of travelogues (Schott 1902,
p. 80-99, Doflein 1906b, p. 5-9, Hartmeyer 1907,
p. 109-112, Merton 1910, p. 205, Stechow 1925a,
p. 391-396) were utilized to complete or correct the
other information. In case inconsistencies from different sources could not be clarified this is mentioned
in the catalogue.
A new numbering system is used to catalogue
and register the material. Each of these ZSM numbers
consists of the year of registration plus four additional alphanumerical characters. These numbers
reflect the sequence of registration only and have no
systematic relevance. Three old numbering systems
were encountered among the material; the Doflein
expedition numbers (Fig. 6B); the Haberer collection
numbers and numbers apparently giving the old
entry catalogue numbers. They were all included in
the present catalogue.
Hardly any attention has ever been paid to the
specific type status of Stechow’s type material. Thus,
nearly all of the type material must be regarded as
syntypic. This is not mentioned separately with the
samples here.
It was also not our intention to judge on the
validity of species or synonymies. Such information
is given inconsequently in some cases only.
7
0.5 mm
A
B
0.2 mm
D
C
E
Fig. 5. Details of micro-preparations, original drawings from Stechow and recent photographic images (extended
focus microscopic photograph series assembled with the software Auto Montage) of the corresponding details.
A,B. Dinotheca dofleini Stechow, 1911 (ZSM 20041714), syntype. C-E. Coryne uchidai, ZSM 20041634, type material.
B. From Stechow (1911, fig. p. 195). C. Hydranth. D. Total colony. E. From Stechow & Uchida (1931, fig. 1), with
hydranth (little A) and total colony (little B).
8
A
B
Fig. 6. Sertularella inabai Stechow, 1913, whole set of type material. A. Ethanol sample ZSM 20040216 from two sides,
colony pieces on tube like substratum. B. Micro slides containing colony pieces ZSM 20041701-20041703.
List of type material
Abietinaria elsae-oswaldae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 115-116.
ZSM 20041602 micro slide with two colony pieces,
USA, California, Monterey Bay, Pacific Grove, on
the back of the crab Oregonia gracilis Dana, leg. E.
Stechow, 1912.
Note: The material might well origin from the same
crab specimen like the one of Aglaophenia lophocarpa
Allman, 1877 (ZSM 20041183, ethanol sample with
crab) with the identical locality (Stechow 1923c).
Abietinaria pacifica Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923c), Zool. Jb. Syst. 47, p. 197-198, fig. F1.
No type material found.
Note: Might refer to the same crab specimen like
the one of Aglaophenia lophocarpa Allman 1877 (ZSM
20041183, ethanol sample with crab) with the identical locality (Stechow 1923c)
Aglaophenia bifida Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 117-118.
ZSM 20041148 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041606
-20041608 micro slides with branches of colony,
southern part of the Agulhas Bank, South Africa.
35°27'S, 20°56'E, depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station
106, 03.XI.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow (1925a, p. 515-516, fig. 53).
Aglaophenia bilobidentata Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 198-199.
ZSM 20040246 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041627
micro slide with one branch, Japan, Sagami Bay,
between Ito and Hatsushima Island, depth 150 m,
growing between some bryozoans, leg. K. A. Haberer, nr. 4879, III.1903.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow (1909, p. 91-93, VI, fig. 9).
Aglaophenia Ijimai Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 197-198.
ZSM 20040248 colonies in ethanol together with of
much organic sediment like hexactinellid sponges,
ZSM 20051491, 200051492, 20051497 microslides with
colony branches, leg. K. A. Haberer, nrs. 9386 (ZSM
20051491), 4763 (ZSM 200051492, ZSM 20051497),
VI.1901, Japan, Sagami Bay (nr. 9386), 20.II.1903,
Japan, Sagami Bay, Ito (nr. 4763).
Notes: Together with a redescription Stechow (1909,
p. 89-91, pl. I, fig. 10, pl. VI, figs. 7-8) synonymized
the species (Aglaophenia Suensonii Jäderholm var.
Ijimai n. var.). Here more accurate details on the
material are given, that seem to allow identifying
the type material. ZSM 20040248 might represent
the Haberer samples nr. 4763-4766 because of the
collecting data and general description of the sample.
9
A
B
Fig. 7. Drawings probably prepared for the original descriptions by E. Stechow and his graphicist W. Rössler but
never published, from the collection of the ZSM. A. Podocoryna corii Stechow, 1929. B. Corymorpha (Euphysa) balssi
Stechow, 1932.
Aglaophenia nanella Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 145-147, fig. E2.
ZSM 20041551, 20041552 micro slides with two small
pieces each, France, Villefranche, growing on an
elongate algal leave together with Halecium lankesterii (Bourne, 1890) [= H. robustum Pieper, 1884 (nec.
Verrill, 1873!)], leg. E. Stechow, V.1910.
Amphisbetia pacifica Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 185-186.
ZSM 20040209, 20040791 colonies in ethanol, ZSM
20041667 micro slide with branches, Japan, Northern
Japan, Mutsu-Bay, Oma-shimote, growing on algae,
leg. S. Hozawa, Takatsuki & Sato, 18.VIII.1927.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 563-565, fig. 11).
Antennellopsis dofleini Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 196-197
ZSM 20041018 (fig. 4) colony in ethanol, Japan,
Uraga Channel, Golden Hind, 35°07'N 139°44'E,
depth 38 m, leg. probably A.Owston (Nr. 6675),
23.XI.1904, F. Doflein expedition Nr. 348, ZSM
20041019 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041628, 20041629
micro slides with several colony rods, Japan, Sagami
Bay near Misaki, Golden Hind, 35°60'N 139°41'E,
depth 45.75 m, leg. probably A.Owston (Nr. 8348),
05.IX. 1903, F. Doflein expedition Nr. 347.
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1909, p. 86-88, tab.
10
II, fig. 4 und tab. VI, fig. 6). Stechow (1923c, p. 232)
later synonymized the species with Antennellopsis
interregima Jäderholm, 1896. More type material, a
colony piece in ethanol, is housed by the ZMB (Nr.
14898).
Antennularia dendritica Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 195-196.
ZSM 20051181 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041090
micro slide with single rod, Japan, Sagami Bay, NE
of Okinose Bank, 35°01'N 139°33'20"E, depth 600 m,
leg. F. Doflein expedition, “Zuso Maru”, station 5,
Nr. 353, 10.XI.1904.
ZSM 20041082 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20051194,
micro slide with two rods, Japan, Sagami Bay, near
(?) Okinose Bank (?), leg. F. Doflein expedition, Nr.
358, 10.XI.1904
ZSM 20051710 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20051186,
micro slide with single rod, Japan, Sagami Bay,
Okinose Bank, 34°59'30"N 139°34'50"E, depth
70-180 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition, “Zuso Maru”,
station 7, Nr. 362, 10.XI.1904.
Notes: Together with a redescription Stechow (1909,
p. 81-82) synonymized the species (Antennularia
Perrieri, Billard). Here more accurate details on the
material are given, that allow identifying the type
material. Later (Stechow 1913c, p. 93) he synonymized the species with Nemertesia irregularis
(Quelch 1885). All these changes can be traced by
corrections on the labels carried out by Stechow. The
jar of ZSM 20051710 in addition contains Antennularia antennina (L.) var. minor Kirchenpauer, which
grows on the same substratum like the colony of
Antennularia dendritica Stechow, 1907.
Antennularia japonica Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 196.
ZSM 20040755 long colony in ethanol with missing
tip, Halecium mediterraneum Weismann, 1883 and
Filellum serratum (Clarke) growing on its base, ZSM
20051184, 20051195-20051197 micro slides with
pieces probably representing the tip of the colony,
Japan, Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank, 34°59'30"N,
139°34'50"E, depth 250 m, leg. Doflein, “Zuso Maru”,
station 6, Nr. 361, 10.XI.1904.
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given by Stechow (1909, p. 80-81, V,
fig 6). Micro slides ZSM 20051195-20051197 do not
show detailed collecting data. But it is highly likely
that they are type material as they were collected by
F. Doflein. Stechow later (1914, p. 230) changed the
genus to Nemertesia, which is also displayed on all
labels. Bedot (1917, p. 37) synonymized it with
Nemertesia intermedia (Kirchenpauer) which is also
shown on the label of ZSM 20051184.
Bimeria (?) baltica Stechow, 1927
Stechow (1927), Zool. Anz. 70, p. 306-308, figs. 1, 2.
ZSM 20040264 colonies rising from a hydrocaulus
creeping on a 8 cm long fragment of root, in ethanol,
ZSM 20000435, 20060340, 20060341 micro slides with
several colonies on each, Baltic Sea, Germany, Greifswalder Bodden.
Note: Vervoort (1964, p. 139-141) investigated the
material except for ZSM 20000435. He regards the
name as a synonym of Cordylophora caspia (Pallas,
1771).
Bimeria crassa Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 103.
ZSM 20041344 small colony in ethanol, ZSM 20000436,
20000437 micro slides with several colony pieces,
Arabian Sea off Somalia, 6°44'N, 49°44'E, depth
741 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 266, 30.III.1899.
Note: A redescription based on type material is
given by Stechow (1925a, p. 414-415, fig. 4).
ZSM 20000441 micro slide with branches, Italy,
Ligurian coast, off Bordighera, original sample was
growing on a sponge, leg. E. Stechow, 1905.
Notes: Sample ZSM 20040342 also contains Sertularella crassicaulis (Heller). The original sample of
ZSM 20000441 also contained Clytia (?) paulensis
(Vanhöffen).
Bougainvillia balei Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 58-59.
ZSM 20040345 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20000459
-20000462 micro slides with pieces of the colony,
Australia (West) NNE of Heirisson Prong in Shark
Bay, depth 11-12 m, growing on trunk and cladiae
of Lytoscyphus fruticosus (Esper) and of Macrorhynchia
phoenicea (Busk), leg. W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 15, 18.VI.1905.
Note: Stechow (1925b, p. 199-202, fig. B) provides
a more detailed redescription based on type material.
Bougainvillia longicirra Stechow, 1914
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 121-122, fig. 1.
ZSM 20000479, 20000480 micro slides with colony
pieces, U.S. Virgin Islands, St. Thomas Island, Charlotte Amalia, growing on algae, surface waters, leg.
E. Stechow, 18.III.1912.
Note: Stechow (1919a, p. 25-27) provides a more
detailed redescription based on type material.
Branchiaria mirabilis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, 249-250.
ZSM 20041441 tissue consisting mainly of stalk in
ethanol, ZSM 20041669-20041681 micro slides with
histological serial sections of different portions like
roots, blastostyl or hydrocaulus, Japan, Sagami Bay
near Misaki, depth 200-300 m, F. Doflein expedition,
nr. 343, X.1904.
Note: This species description refers to the description of the unnamed Branchiocerianthus n. sp. (Stechow 1913c, p. 54-55). This in turn refers to the description of part of the material of Branchiocerianthus
imperator Allman, 1885 (Stechow 1909, VII, 1-4, 7).
Campanopsis dubia Stechow, 1913
Bimeria fragilis Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 28-30, fig. E.
ZSM 20040342 colonies in ethanol, ZSM 20000438,
20000439, 20000441-20000443 micro slides with
branches, France, off Villefranche, growing on Eudendrium racemosum (Cav.), leg. E. Stechow, 1910
Stechow (1913a), Zool. Anz. 41, p. 583-585, 1 figure.
ZSM 20041633 micro slide with several individual
polyps, locality unknown, probably eastern Mediterranean.
11
Campanularia alta Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 54-57, fig. P.
ZSM 20040528 in ethanol, France, off Villefranche,
depth 30 m, on Sertularella crassicaulis (Heller), leg.
E. Stechow, 1910 nr. 3631.
ZSM 20040530, 20040531 in ethanol, ZSM 20041507
-200415012, 20041515, 20043789 micro slides with
colony pieces, Italy, off Naples, on spines of the sea
urchin Dorocidaris.
ZSM 20040532 in ethanol, France, off Villefranche,
depth 30 m? litoral, leg. E. Stechow, 01.V.1910, nr.
3680.
ZSM 20041513, 20043783, 20043788 micro slides with
colony pieces, France, off Villefranche, partly on
Nemertesia ramosa Lmx., partly together with Clytia
johnstoni.
ZSM 20041510, 20041514, 20043790-20043792,
20043782, 20043784, 20043785 micro slides with
colony pieces, Italy, off Naples, partly on Sertularella crassicaulis (Heller), partly together with
Clytia (?) paulensis or C. johnstoni.
Campanularia australis Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 61.
ZSM 20040182 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041613,
20041614 micro slides containing several pieces,
Australia, Shark Bay, South Passage, depth 9 m, leg.
W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station
23, 16.VI.1905.
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given by Stechow (1925b, p. 206-208,
fig. D). More type material, many colony pieces in
ethanol, are housed in the ZMH (nr. C 5872).
Campanularia brachycaulis Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 68-69, fig. T.
ZSM 20041504, 20041505 micro slides colony pieces,
France, off Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow, IV.1910.
Notes: It remains unclear if Stechow (1923c, p. 101,
fig. J) in his redescription of the species was dealing
with the same (type) material. Although being imprecise, the collection data are identical. This suggests
that the material is identical. This stands in contrast
to the fact that in the redescription he compares the
new (?) material with that of the original description.
This might suggest that he was dealing with additional material.
Campanularia gaussica Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923c), Zool. Jb. Syst. 47, p. 102-104, fig. K.
ZSM 20040183 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041610
micro slide with piece of the colony, Antarctic,
12
66°02'09"S 89°38'05"W, depth 385 m, among Sertularella glacialis Jäderholm, Deutsche Südpolar Expedition Gauss, 18.II.1903.
Note: Stechow provides two redescriptions based
on the type material (1924a, p. 62; 1925a, p. 422-423).
Campanularia indopacifica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 156-157.
ZSM 20040184 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20043819
-20043822 micro slides with pieces of the colony,
Japan, Sagami Bay, on broad algal leave, leg. A.
Owston, 28.V.1899 (purchased by F. Doflein 1904).
Note: A redescription based on the type material
with a drawing is given by Stechow (1923c, p.
101-102, fig. J).
Campanularia (?) intermedia Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 66-68, fig. V.
ZSM 20044977-20044981 micro slides with polyps
and colony pieces, France, off Marseilles, growing
on Posidonia and a bryozoan, leg. E. Stechow, 02.
III.1910.
Note: The collecting year 1904 from the original
labels seems unlikely. Stechow later (1925a, p. 521)
renamed the species as Orthopyxis intermedia.
Campanularia rara Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 60-61, fig. R.
ZSM 20041506 micro slide with single theca, France,
off Marseille, leg. E. Stechow, 1910.
Campanularia (?) villafrancensis nov. nom. Stechow,
1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 61-62, 157, fig. S.
ZSM 20041895 (fig. 2) micro slide with several
branches of Sertularella polyzonias (L.), France, Villefranche, on theca of Sertularella polyzonias (L.), leg.
E. Stechow, 1910.
Notes: The label shows several corrections probably
reflecting Stechows changing minds on the taxonomic status: Campanularia (?) attenuata is overwritten with C. (?) villafrancensis nov. nom., as in the
same paper (Stechow 1919a, p. 61-62, fig. S) he already described the species as Campanularia (?) attenuata. He later (1923c) changed his mind again and
shifted it to the genus Clytia and overwrote “Campanularia” with “Clytia”. The label also says “Halecium
tenellum”. The preparation contains this species too.
The sites marked with dark spots appear to be the
ones with Campanularia (?) villafrancensis.
Campanulina baltica Stechow, 1927
Stechow (1927), Zool. Anz. 70, p. 309-310, fig. 3.
ZSM 20043627, micro slide with colony branches,
Baltic Sea, Germany, off Warnemünde, growing on
Bryozoans.
Note: Stechow (1927) gives a very vague species
designation, written in subjunctive. In the heading
of the description he names it Campanulina repens
Allman, 1864.
Cladocarpus (?) valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 116-117.
ZSM 20041603-20041605 micro slides with parts of
a single small colony, Agulhas current, off South
Africa, 35°16'S, 22°26.7'E, depth 155 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 104, 02.XI.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow (1925a, p. 507-508, fig. 48).
Clytia elsae-oswaldae Stechow, 1914
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 125-127, fig. 4.
ZSM 20041517-20041519 micro slides with parts of
a colony, U.S. Virgin Islands, St. Thomas Island,
harbour of Charlotte Amalia, growing on algae and
on old wooden boat, surface waters, leg. E. Stechow,
18.III.1912.
Clytia mollis Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 44-45, fig. L.
ZSM 20040186 several fragments on algal substratum
in ethanol, ZSM 20044415-20044416 micro slides with
fragments on algal substratum, France, off Sète, leg.
Collin.
Clytia obeliformis Stechow, 1914
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 128-129, fig. 6.
ZSM 20041520 micro slide with part of a colony,
Norway, off Bergen, leg. Ewald, IX.1908.
Clytia (?) ulvae Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 47-48, fig. N.
ZSM 20041516 micro slide with part of a colony on
algal substratum, France, Marseilles, leg. E. Stechow,
1910.
Corymorpha (Euphysa) balssi Stechow, 1932
Stechow (1932), Zool. Anz. 100, p. 82-83.
ZSM 20040176 (fig. 3E) polyps on crab Schizophrys
dama (Herbst) in ethanol, Australia, Western Aus-
tralia, NNE of Heirisson Prong, Shark Bay, depth:
11-12.5 m, leg. W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 15, 18.VI.1905.
ZSM 20041651 micro slide with polyps, Australia,
Western Australia, Useless Inlet, Shark Bay, leg. W.
Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 21
(“King leg.”), 23-30.VIII.1905.
ZSM 20041647-20041650micro slides with polyps,
Australia, Western Australia, Shark Bay, leg. W.
Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition.
Notes: According to Stechow (1932, p. 82) more type
material (“Typus“) is housed by the ZMH, but it is
missing there. A figure was found in the collection
of the ZSM obviously prepared for the original description (Fig. 7B).
Coryne epizoica Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, p. 248.
ZSM 20040166 colony on snail Rissoa alata Phil. in
ethanol, ZSM 20045125 micro slide with colony parts
together with Thaumantias (Campanularia) raridentata (Alder), Italy, off Naples, leg. M. Bedot.
Note: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1923c, p. 41-42,
fig. C).
Coryne uchidai Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 178-179.
ZSM 20041634 micro slide with fragment with two
hydranths (fig. 5C-E). Japan, Northern Japan, Mutsu
Bay, off Tsuchiya at Atsamuchi.
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow & Uchida (1931,
p. 556-558, fig. 1). As suggested by Schuchert (2001),
this preparation clearly represents the type material
(holotype). The arrangement of the hydrants on the
micro slide is figured in Stechow & Uchida (1931,
fig. 1B).
Cryptolaria bulbosa Stechow, 1932
Stechow (1932), Zool. Anz. 100, p. 87.
ZSM 20040683 small colony growing on sponge in
ethanol, ZSM 20001072, 20001073 micro slides with
colony branches, Japan, Sagami Bay, leg. F. Doflein
expedition, 1904.
Cuspidella gigantea Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923d), J. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo. 44, p. 8-9.
ZSM 20001061, 20043714-20043716 micro slides with
colony pieces growing on Clytia gracilis (Sars), on
the crab Halimus diacanthus (De Haan), Japan, Sagami Bay, leg. F. Doflein expedition, 1904.
13
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1923c, p. 131-132,
fig S). Stechow (1932, p. 86-87) later changed the
genus name to Laodicea and overwrote Cuspidella on
the label. He also changed the identification of the
substratum hydrozoan from Gonothyraea sp. to Clytia gracilis (Sars.). The label of the slides also says
Croatella corrugata (Thornely) which occurs together
with Cuspidella gigantea. None of the Halimus diacanthus (De Haan) crabs of the crustacean collection
perfectly matches the collection data of the hydrozoan micro slides, so the substratum crab probably
has been lost.
Cyclonia gracilis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 230.
ZSM 20040664 (fig. 3F) on colonies of the Hydrozoa
Idieallana pristis (Lamouroux) and Nigellastrum
digitale (Busk) in ethanol, U.S. Virgin Islands, St.
Thomas Island, Savana Passage, leg. W. Kükenthal
& R. Hartmeyer expedition, 24.I.1907.
ZSM 20045173-20045180 micro slides with colony
pieces, partly on other Hydrozoa (ZSM 20045173 on
Idieallana pristis (Lamouroux), ZSM 20045180 on
Lytoscyphus marginatus), U.S. Virgin Islands, St.
Thomas Island.
Note: It seems likely that the micro slide material
origins from the same material as the ethanol sample.
Dicoryne valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 2-3.
ZSM 20040357 epizoic on the pagurid crab Parapylocheles scorpio Alcock in ethanol, on two specimens
of Parapylocheles scorpio Alcock housed in the ZSM
crustacean collection (no registration numbers) in
ethanol, ZSM 20000528-20000531 micro slides with
colony parts, Western Sumatra, 26 nautical miles
south of Pulo Nias, 0°15.2'N, 98°09'E, depth 614 m,
leg. “Valdivia”, station 194, 01.II.1899.
ZSM 20040358, 20040359 epizoic on the pagurid crabs
Parapylocheles scorpio Alcock (one specimen each in
bamboo tube) and on the outside of tube, ZSM
20000532-200005325 micro slides with colony parts,
Western Sumatra, south-west of Pulo Nias, 0°16'N,
98°04'E, depth 470 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 199,
02.II.1899.
Note: Stechow (1925a, p. 412-414, fig. 3) provides a
more detailed redescription based on the type material. Balss (1912) gives details on the crab Parapylocheles scorpio Alcock.
14
Dictyocladium coactum Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 107-109.
ZSM 20040797 base of a colony in ethanol, ZSM
20041575, 20041576 micro slides with colony branches, South Africa, Francis Bay, shallow water at the
northern part of Agulhas Bank, 34°8.9'S, 24°59.3'E,
depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 100, 29.X. 1898.
ZSM 20040796 colony branches in ethanol, ZSM
20041577 micro slide with colony branches, South
Africa, Agulhas stream on Agulhas Bank, 35°16'S,
22°26.7'E, depth 155 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 104,
02.XI.1898.
Note: Stechow (1925a, p. 466-467, fig. 27) provides
a more detailed redescription based on the type
material.
Dinotheca dofleini Stechow, 1911
Stechow (1911), Zool. Anz. 37, p. 194-197, fig. p.195.
ZSM 20041237 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041714 (fig.
5A,B)-20041718, 20051714-20051718 micro slides with
parts of the colony, East Africa, near the coast of
Somalia, 0°24.5'S, 42°49.4'E, depth 1019 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 252, 25.III.1899.
Notes: In Stechow (1920, p. 401-405, figs. 1-2) a
detailed redescription very similar to the originals
description is provided. In another redescription
(Stechow 1923a, p. 17) the collection data are corrected (“. . . now the locality is known . . .”). The same
data are given in the last, thorough redescription
(Stechow 1925a, p. 508-513, figs. 49-52). There are
some discrepancies between the information on the
material of the original description (Stechow 1911)
and the redescriptions (Stechow 1923a, 1925a). It
appears that he originally had only a small branch
with insufficient collection data. This might by represented by micro slide ZSM 20041714 (Fig. 5A).
Colony portions of that slide very much resemble
those figured in the original description (Figs 5A,B).
When Stechow later got hold of the whole colony
he might have corrected the collection data on the
label of ZSM 20041714, which differ from those of
the original description. Although the material
other than ZSM 20041714 was not mentioned in the
original description it should be regarded as type
material, because – as can be deduced from Stechow
(1923a, 1925a) – it belongs to the same colony.
Diphasia nuttingi Stechow, 1913
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 142-143.
ZSM 20041522 micro slide with small part of a colony, Japan, Sagami Bay, Okinose bank, 34°59'30"N,
139°34'50"E, depth 70-180 m, F. Doflein expedition,
“Zuso Maru”, station 7, 10.XI.1904.
Note: A detailed redescription based on the type
material is provided in Stechow (1913c, p. 142, fig.
116).
Dynamena japonica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919b), Sitz. Ber. Ges. Morphol. Physiol. München, p. 18.
ZSM 20040982, 20051732 colonies in ethanol, ZSM
20041721-20041731 micro slides with colony parts,
Japan, Sagami Bay near Misaki, depth 15-20 m, leg.
F. Doflein expedition nrs. 363b (ZSM 20040982,
20041724-20041731) and 1550 (ZSM 20051732,
20041721-20041723), 11.X.1904.
Note: This new species is based on a detailed description of a species earlier identified (Stechow
1913c, p. 152-154, figs. 131-134) as Thuiaria articulata
(Pallas, 1766).
Dynamena tropica Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 101.
ZSM 20041639 micro slide with two small colony
pieces, U.S.A., Florida, Tortugas, at the trunk of
Eudendrium racemosum (Gmelin, 1791) = Eudendrium
carneum Clarke, 1882, leg. 1913.
Note: The sample Eudendrium racemosum (Gmelin,
1791) = Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882 in ethanol,
ZSM 20041382 is also still present.
Egmundella gracilis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 226.
ZSM 20040180 colony in ethanol growing on rod like
substratum, ZSM 20043653-20043655 micro slides
with parts of the colony, Canada, Strait of Georgia
off Vancouver, leg. C. McL. Fraser 1914.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given in Stechow (1923c, 124-126, fig. Q).
Egmundella superba Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 226-227.
ZSM 20043652 micros slide with part of a colony,
U.S. Virgin Islands, St. Thomas Island.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given in Stechow (1923c, 126-127, fig. R).
Egmundella valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 5-6.
ZSM 20043651 micro slide with polyps, from the
bamboo tubes that house the pagurid crab Parapylocheles scorpio Alcock, Western Sumatra, south-west
of Pulo Nias, 0°16'N, 98°4'E, depth 470 m, leg. „Valdivia”, station 199, 02.II.1899.
Notes: A redescription based on the type material
is given in Stechow (1925a, 438-439, fig. 14). The
ethanol samples of the crabs with tubes, ZSM
20040358, 20040359 (1 specimen each in bamboo
tube) are also in the collection. They contain type
material of the Dicoryne valdiviae Stechow, 1923.
Eucalix paradoxus Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 104-105.
ZSM 20041571, 20041572, 20043322 micro slides
colony pieces growing on Sertularella arbuscula
(Lamouroux), southern part of the Agulhas Bank,
South Africa. 35°27'S, 20°56'E, depth 100 m, leg.
“Valdivia”, station 106, 03.XI.1898.
Notes: A redescription is based on the type material given in Stechow (1925a, 433-435, fig. 11). ZSM
20040567 in ethanol growing on Halecium beani
(Johnston) is mentioned here and might represent
additional type material since it stems from “Valdivia” station 106, too. From the same “Valdivia”
station there is also the preparation ZSM 20041573
on a micro slide growing on Filellum serratum
(Clarke).
Eudendrium antarcticum Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 225.
ZSM 20041564 ethanol sample with tube worms and
Halisiphonia nana Stechow, 1921, ZSM 20000729
-20000730 micro slides with colony parts, ZSM
20000729 together with Halisiphonia nana Stechow,
1921, east side of Bouvet Island, Antarctic, 54°29'S,
3°30'E, depth 457 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 131,
28.XI.1898.
Notes: A redescription based on the type material
is given in Stechow (1925a, 415-416, fig. 5). Stechow
(1921b) gives bryozoans as substratum which cannot
be detected in sample ZSM 20041564. Since the locality and the association with Halisiphonia nana Stechow
are identical as in the original description it should
still be regarded as the type material.
Eudendrium elsae-oswaldae Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, p. 252.
ZSM 20040383 colony branches in ethanol, ZSM
20000764-20000766 micro slides with colony branches, Italy, off Naples, Posolippo, “Tartanello”, depth
20 m.
Notes: The original description is a short diagnosis
only, without giving locality details. A detailed redescription based on the type material is given by
Stechow (1921e, 81-83, fig. G).
15
Gonothyraea (?) nodosa Stechow, 1914
Halisiphonia nana Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 132-134, fig. 8.
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 227-228.
ZSM 20040188 colony in ethanol growing on a piece
of shell, ZSM 20041739-20041741 micro slides containing colony branches, Brasilia, Rio de Janeiro, leg.
H. de Beaurepaire Aragao, 29.VI.1912.
ZSM 20040700 ethanol sample with tube worms, on
Eudendrium antarcticum Stechow, 1921, ZSM 20043399
-20043396, 20000729 micro slides with colony parts,
ZSM 20000729 on Eudendrium antarcticum Stechow,
1921, east side of Bouvet Island, Antarctic, 54°29'S,
3°30'E, depth 457 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 131,
28.XI.1898.
Note: Stechow (1925a, p. 452-453, fig. 22) provides
a redescription based on the type material.
Grammaria scandens Stechow, 1913
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 140-141.
ZSM 20040698 colony in ethanol at the trunk Halicornaria expansa Jäderholm, ZSM 20043392-20043395
micro slides with parts of the colony, Japan, Sagami
Bay near Misaki, leg. F. Doflein expedition, nr. 350a,
18.-30.X.1904.
Notes: A very detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1913c, p. 118-121,
figs. 90-91). Details given here allow identifying the
type material.
Halocharis indopacifica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 152-153.
ZSM 20041553 micro slide with single hydranth,
Japan, Sagami Bay, leg. Doflein expedition 1904
Note: A drawing of the material is provided by
Stechow (1923c, p. 44, fig. D).
Halecium crinis Stechow, 1913
Hebella longa Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 138-139.
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 98-99.
ZSM 20040201 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041704
-20041706 micro slides with colony parts, Japan,
Sagami Bay, NE of Okinose Bank, 35°01'N 139°33'
20"E, depth 600 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition, “Zuso
Maru“, station 5, Nr. 1608c, 10.XI.1904.
Note: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1913c, p. 79-81,
fig. 44) which allows identifying the type material.
ZSM 20040194 colony in ethanol epizoic on Sertularella polyzonias (L.), ZSM 20043418 micro slide with
part of the colony on Sertularella polyzonias (L.),
Norway.
Notes: Boero et al. (1997) question the validity of
that species. They are in error stating that Stechow’s
description is based on older literature only.
Hebella neglecta Stechow, 1913
Halecium reflexum Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 37-39, figs. G,H.
ZSM 20040202 colony in ethanol on Sertularella
polyzonias (L.), ZSM 20041748-20041757 micro slides
with colony pieces, France, Villefranche, litoral, leg.
E. Stechow, 1910.
Halicornaria ishikawai Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 198-199.
ZSM 20040252 colonies in ethanol, ZSM 20041630,
20041631 micro slides with colony branches, Japan,
Suruga Bay, depth 130 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition,
Nr. 351, 1904.
Note: The detailed redescription (Stechow 1909,
p. 100-101, figs. 14-15) allows identifying the type
material.
16
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 139.
ZSM 20040708 on colony in ethanol epizoic on Synthecium tubithecum (Allman), ZSM 20043419-20043422
micro slides with colony parts on Synthecium tubithecum (Allman), Japan, Uraga Channel, depth 91.5 m,
leg. A.Owston, 02.IX.1900, Nr. 7270, F. Doflein expedition Nr. 1703a.
Note: A redescription based on the type material
with drawing is provided by Stechow (1913c,
p. 107-108, fig. 83).
Hebellopsis hartmeyeri Stechow, 1923
Stechow & Müller (1923), Abh. Senck. Natf. Ges. 35,
463-464, fig. 4.
ZSM 20043457, 20043458 micro slides with colony
parts growing epizoic on Thyroscypus fruticosus
(Esper, 1793), Indonesia, Moluccas, Aru Islands,
Strait of Dobo, depth 40 m, lime rock bottom, leg.
H. Merton, dredge haul 4, 20.III.1908.
Note: Ethanol sample ZSM 20040986 of Thyroscypus
fruticosus (Esper, 1793) with identical collection data
might also contain Hebellopsis hartmeyeri Stechow,
1923. The Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum
Senckenberg (Frankfurt) houses more type material
of this species. Boero et al. (1997) consider this species as doubtful.
Heteroplon (Plumularia) michaelseni Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 68.
ZSM 20040235 colony on algal leave in ethanol, ZSM
20041737, 20041738 micro slides with colony parts,
Australia, SW Australia, Fremantle district, south of
Fremantle, on algal leaves on beach, leg. W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 43, 01.X.
1905.
Note: Stechow (1925b, p. 251-252, fig. Q) later renames the species as Plumularia (Heteroplon) michaelseni and gives a more detailed redescription.
ZSM 2000567-2000570, 2000574-2000578, 2000581,
2000582 micro slides with total polyps and colony
portions, longitudinal (ZSM 2000581, 2000582) and
cross section series (ZSM 2000574, 2000577) and
skeletal elements (ZSM 2000578), Japan, Sagami Bay
near Misaki, growing on the shell of living gastropods, leg. F. Doflein expedition, Nr. 367, 1904.
ZSM 20060486 colony covering the surface of a
gastropods shells containing the soft body of the
gastropod in ethanol, Japan, Sagami Bay near Fukuura, depth 150 m, leg. K. A. Haberer, 01-12.III. 1903.
ZSM 20000579, 20000580 micro slides with total
polyps and colony portions, Japan, Sagami Bay near
Fukuura, depth 150 m, growing on the shell of living
gastropods, leg. K. A. Haberer, nrs. 7810 (ZSM
20000579) and 7876 (ZSM 20000580), 1903.
Note: A detailed redescription based on the type
material is given in Stechow (1909, p. 18-21, Tab. III,
figs. 4, 5).
Heteroplon jaederholmi Stechow, 1912
Stechow (1912), Zool. Jb. Syst. 32, p. 366-368, figs. F, G.
Hydrichthella doederleini Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 96-98.
ZSM 20051220-20051223 micro slides with colony
parts, probably collected off South Africa by Salmin.
Notes: Stechow (1925a) later synonymized it with
Plumularia (Heteroplon) africana (Marktanner, 1890).
This is also what the labels on the on the micro slides
show.
ZSM 20040167 colonies at the stalk of two specimens
of an alcyonacean (Dendronephthya ?) in ethanol, ZSM
20041635-20041638 micro slides with polypes, Japan,
Suruga Bay, “Golden Hind”, west coast of Izu Peninsula, 34°47'N, 138°44'E, depth 128 m, leg. 17.IV.
1902.
Heteroplon valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Hydrichthella epigorgia Stechow, 1909
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 15-16.
Stechow (1909), Beiträge z. Naturgesch. Ostasiens, in
Abh. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., Mathem.-phys. Kl. I. Suppl.Bd. 6. Abhdl., p. 31-33, table IV, fig. 9.
ZSM 20041138 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20051335
-20051337 micro slides with colony parts, off South
Africa, Plettenberg Bay, shallow water in the northern part of Agulhas Bank, 34°7'S, 23°28'E, depth
100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 99, 28.X.1898.
Note: Stechow (1925a, p. 495-498, figs. 42, 43) later
renames the species as Thecocaulus (?) valdiviae and
gives a detailed redescription based on the type
material.
Hydractinia epiconcha Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 192.
ZSM 20060487 colonies covering the surface of four
gastropod shells containing the soft bodies of the
gastropods in ethanol, Japan, Sagami Bay near Misaki, leg. F. Doflein expedition, Nr. 1549, 1904
ZSM 20060488 (fig. 3B) colonies covering the surface
of six gastropods shells containing the soft bodies
of the gastropods in ethanol, Japan, Sagami Bay near
Misaki, leg. F. Doflein expedition, Nr. 367 (?),
1904.
ZSM 20040168 growing in the gorgonarian Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal 1909 in ethanol, ZSM
20041746 micro slide with polyps, Japan, Sagami
Bay near Enoshima, Doflein expedition nr. 150a,
1904.
ZSM 20051737 (fig. 3G) growing in the gorgonarian
Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal 1909 in ethanol,
Japan Sagami Bay near Enoshima, Doflein expedition, 1904.
ZSM 20060408 growing in the gorgonarian Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal 1909 in ethanol, Japan
Sagami Bay near Misaki, depth 15-20 m, Doflein
expedition, 11.X.1904.
ZSM 20060409 growing in the gorgonarian Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal 1909 in ethanol, Japan
Sagami Bay near Misaki, Doflein expedition, X.
1904.
ZSM 20041747 micro slide with a serial section series
together with Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal
1909, Japan Sagami Bay near Misaki, depth 20 m,
Doflein expedition nr. 103a, 14.X.1904.
17
Notes: ZSM 20040168, 20041746, 20041747, 20060408,
20060409 also represents type material of the gorgonarian Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kükenthal, 1909.
There are more samples from the Doflein expedition
that contain this species and it is very difficult to
decide which ones represent type material. This is
mainly because the Doflein numbers are conserved
in few cases only. In the present listing those were
chosen that match the collection data given by Stechow (1909). A redescription partly based on type
material is given in Stechow (1913c, p. 48-49, fig. 4).
Hydrocorella africana Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921c), Verh. Deutsch. Zool. Ges. 26, p. 29-30.
ZSM 20040157 growing on shell of the gastropod
Melapium lineatum (Lamarck) with the hermit crab
Diogenes brevirostris Stimpson in ethanol, South
Africa, shallow water of the northern part of Agulhas Bank, 35°2.5'S, 19°58.5'E, depth 80 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 96, 27.X.1898.
ZSM 20040153 growing on shells of the gastropod
Nassa arcularia L. with the hermit crab Diogenes
brevirostris Stimpson in ethanol, South Africa, Plettenberg Bay, shallow water in the northern part of
Agulhas Bank, 34°7'S, 23°28'E, depth 100 m, leg.
“Valdivia”, station 99, 28.X.1898.
ZSM 20040154 growing on shell of a gastropod with
the hermit crab Diogenes brevirostris Stimpson in
ethanol, ZSM 20040158 growing of five gastropod
shells of the species the shells of the gastropods
Nassa arcularia L., Melapium lineatum (Lamarck) and
Olivancillaria auricularia L., ZSM 20000603-20000609
micro slides with colony parts, South Africa, Francis
Bay, shallow water at the northern part of Agulhas
Bank, 34°8.9'S, 24°59.3'E, depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 100, 29.X.1898.
ZSM 20040155 growing on shell of the gastropod
Cancellaria (semidisjuncta aff.) with the hermit crab
Diogenes brevirostris Stimpson in ethanol, South
Africa, south of Plettenberg Bay, 35°10.5'S, 230°2'E,
depth 500 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 103, 2.XI.1898.
Note: The original description is a short notice only.
A detailed redescription mostly based on type material is given by Stechow (1925a, p. 409-412).
Hydrocoryne miurensis Stechow, 1907
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 193-194.
ZSM 20040421 colony in ethanol on a piece of volcanic tuff, ZSM 20000854-20000856 micro slides with
skeletal parts, ZSM 20000857-20000863 micro slides
with medusae, polyps and gonophorae, ZSM
20000863-20000871, 20060677-20060679 micro slides
with longitudinal and histological cross section series
18
of polyps and gonophorae, Japan, Sagami Bay near
Misaki, leg. Doflein expedition, nr. 727, 1904.
Notes: A very detailed redescription based on the
type material is given in Stechow (1909, p. 35-39,
figs. 1-8, III, 1-4, V, 10,11, VII). More type material,
some polyps in ethanol are housed in the ZMB (Nr.
14807).
Janaria mirabilis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921), Verh. Deutsch. Zool. Ges. 26, p. 29.
ZSM 20051734 (housed in crustacean collection of
the ZSM) two colonies (“specimens”) on the hermit
crabs Eupagurus varians Benedict in ethanol (fig. 3A),
ZSM 20000705-20000721 micro slides with preparations of one spine, ZSM 20000705-20000708 histological cross section series of decalcified spine, ZSM
20000709-20000721 polyps and skeletal parts treated
differently, Gulf of California, 22°52'00"N, 109°55'
00"W, depth: 56.7 m, U.S. Fish Commission steamer
“Albatross”, station 2829.
Notes: The original description is a short diagnosis
only. It refers to a figure in the book “Tierbau und
Tierleben” (Doflein 1914, p. 350, fig. 302C) (Fig. 6A
bottom), which enabled to identify the sample the
description is based on. Stechow (1962, p. 424-427,
figs. 4-7) provides a very detailed redescription based
on the type material. According to this, the two
“specimens” have different localities near to each
other. One is from a depth of 7m only. Accordingly
the details of the locality on the type specimen sample appear to belong to one of the two “specimens”
only.
Lafoea (?) paxi Stechow, 1932
Stechow (1932), Zool. Anz. 100, p. 86-87.
ZSM 20040196 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20043522
micro slide containing several pieces, Japan, Okinose
bank in Sagami Bay, at the base of colonies of Halecium mediterraneum Weismann, 34°59'30"N, 139°
34'50"E, 70-80-180 m depth, Doflein expedition,
“Zuso Maru” station 7, 10.XI.1904.
Laomedea sphaeroidea Stechow, 1932
Stechow (1932), Zool. Anz. 100, p. 85-86.
ZSM 20040189 colonies on sea grass (“algal”) leaves
in ethanol, ZSM 20041652, 20041653 micro slides
with colony parts, France, Sète, Etang de Thau, leg.
Collin.
Note: This is a species description from material
included in different species in an earlier study
(Stechow 1919a, “Campanularia angulata”, p. 63-65,
fig. U), where a drawing is provided.
Lictorella abyssicola Stechow, 1926
Obelia (?) undotheca Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 99-101.
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 4.
ZSM 20040197, 20040726 colonies in ethanol, ZSM
20043537-20043542 micro slides with colony parts,
off East Africa,01°48.2'N, 45°42.5'E, depth 1644 m,
leg. “Valdivia”, station 257, 27.III.1899.
ZSM 20041565 micro slide with small colony portion,
Bering Sea, Kamtschatka Peninsula, Awatsch (?Bay),
growing on two specimens of the crabs Oregonia
gracilis Dana.
Notes: A redescription based on the type material
is given in Stechow (1923c, p. 115-117, fig. O). The
Oregonia gracilis specimens the material stems from
are still present in the ZSM crustacean collection
(old. reg. Nr. 510/4).
Nemertesia valdiviae Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919b), Sitz. Ber. Ges. Morphol. Physiol. München. 1919: 33-34.
ZSM 20040236 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20051284,
20051285, 20051288-20051290 micro slides with
colony portions, Cape Verde Islands, west of Boavista, 16°17'N, 22°51'W, depth 77 m, leg. “Valdivia”,
station 38, 29.VIII.1898.
Notes: Stechow (1921b, p. 232-233, 1925a, p. 503-505,
fig. 46) provided two redescriptions based on the
type material. In the latter he states (p. 505) that he
now tends to include the species in the genus Plumularia instead of Nemertesia. The labelling on the
micro slides shows this changed opinion.
Nigellastrum (?) densum Stechow, 1923
Stechow & Müller (1923), Abh. Senck. Natf. Ges. 35,
p. 467, fig. 7.
ZSM 20041688 micro slide with single colony with
?Hebellopsis contorta (Marktanner, 1890) growing on
it, Indonesia, Moluccas, Aru Islands, SW of Lola,
depth 8-10 m, stony bottom, leg. H. Merton, dredge
haul 9, 01.IV.1908.
Obelia longa Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 221-223, fig. p.222.
ZSM 20041560-20041563 micro slides with large
colony portions, from bank in the east of the Kerguelen Islands, 48°57.8"S, 70°0.6"E, depth 88 m, leg.
“Valdivia”, station 161, 29.XII.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given in Stechow (1925a, p. 436-437, fig. 13).
Obelia (?) oxydentata Stechow, 1914
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 131-132, fig. 7.
ZSM 20040190 colony growing in phytal substratum
in ethanol, ZSM 20041742-20041745, 20044941 micro
slides with colony parts, U.S. Virgin Islands, St.
Thomas Island, Charlotte Amalia, surface waters,
leg. E. Stechow. 18.III.1912.
Orthopyxis pacifica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 69-70, fig. Wb.
ZSM 20040652 piece of a colony on (phytal?) substratum in ethanol, ZSM 20044985-20044988 micro
slides with polyps and parts of the colony, Vancouver Island area.
Notes: The locality “Vancouver” given by Stechow
(1919a, p. 69) is probably erroneous. The label of the
material, which Stechow received by exchange from
C. McL. Fraser, says “Friday harbor, Vancouver”.
This may mean Friday Harbor (San Juan Archipelago, Washington State, U.S.A.) in the area of Vancouver Island.
Pasya elongata Stechow, 1923
Stechow & Müller (1923), Abh. Senck. Natf. Ges. 35,
p. 469-471, XXVII fig. 8.
ZSM 20040847 colony growing on Macrorhynchia (?)
longicornis (Busk) in ethanol, ZSM 20041689, 20041690,
micro slides with colony portions, Indonesia, Moluccas, Aru Islands, SW of Lola, depth 8-10 m, stony
bottom, leg. H. Merton, dredge haul 9, 01.IV.1908.
Note: The Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum
Senckenberg (Frankfurt) houses more type material
of this species.
Perigonimus (?) nanellus Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 14-15, fig. C.
ZSM 20040162 colony on spine of the sea urchin
Dorocidaris papillata among a dense colony of Thamnitis (“Perigonimus”) cidaritis (Weismann) in ethanol,
ZSM 20000643, 20000644 micro slides with colony
branches, Italy, Naples.
Perigonimus nudus Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 16-17, fig. D.
ZSM 20040161 (fig. 3C) colony on the gastropd Cerithium vulgatum Bruguiere in ethanol, ZSM 20000649
micro slide with small colony portions, France,
Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow, V.1910.
19
ZSM 20000645-20000648 micro slides with colony
portions and polyps, Italy, Trieste, leg. Maas, 1908
Phylactotheca armata Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 59-60.
ZSM 20041611, 20041612 micro slides with colony
pieces, Australia, SW-Australia, Geraldton District,
Champion Bay, depth 3-14 m, growing on algae, leg.
W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station
31, 12.VII.1905.
Note: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is provided by Stechow (1925b,
p. 204-206, fig. C).
ZSM 20040239, 20041114 large colonies in ethanol,
Japan, Sagami Bay, near Misaki, depth 15-20 m, leg.
F. Doflein expedition, 14.X.1904.
ZSM 20051235-20051241 micro slides with colony
branches, Japan, Sagami Bay, near Misaki, depth
15-20 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition, X.1904.
Notes: In a more detailed redescription Stechow
(1909, p. 76-77, tab. VI, 1-3) refers only to part of the
material listed above, which was collected at 11.X.
1904. Since these details are missing in the original
description, the whole material matching the locality given there is listed as type material herein. More
type material, colony pieces in ethanol are housed
in the ZMB (nr. 14896).
Phylactotheca pacifica Stechow, 1913
Plumularia nodosa Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1913c), Beiträge z. Naturgesch. Ostasiens, in
Abh. K. Bayr. Akad. Wiss., Mathem.-phys. Kl. III.
Suppl.-Bd. 2. Abhdl., p. 155-156, fig. 135.
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 67.
ZSM 20040203 small colony portion in ethanol on
substratum that might represent the trunk of Aglaophenia perforata Kirchenpauer, ZSM 20041891-20041894
micro slides (bad condition – partly broken) with
small colony pieces, Tonga Islands.
Notes: More type material, the main portion of the
colony in ethanol is housed in the ZMH (nr. C 5775).
ZSM 20041115 small colonies on a piece of rock in
ethanol, ZSM 20041621 micro slide with five small
colonies, Australia, South-West Australia, Albany
district, Middleton Beach, leg. W. Michaelsen & R.
Hartmeyer expedition, station 62, VIII.1905.
Note: A redescription with a drawing based on the
type material is given by Stechow (1925b, p. 247-248,
fig. P).
Podocoryna corii Stechow, 1929
Plumularia habereri Stechow, 1909
Stechow (1909), Beiträge z. Naturgesch. Ostasiens, in
Abh. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., Mathem.-phys. Kl. I. Suppl.Bd. 6. Abhdl., p. 77-79, table IV, fig. 4.
Stechow (1929), Zool. Anz. 86, p. 150-151.
ZSM 20040150 colony on a scale of the polychaete
Aphrodite aculeata in ethanol, Belgium, 5 km off
Oostende, depth 5 m.
Note: A figure was found in the collection of the
ZSM obviously prepared for the original description
(Fig. 7A)
ZSM 20040238 numerous colonies growing on a
single large epizoanthid colony in ethanol, ZSM
20041623, 20041624 micro slides with colony branches, Japan, Sagami Bay, leg. K. A. Haberer, V.1901.
ZSM 20041113 numerous colonies growing on a
single large gorgonarian colony in ethanol, ZSM
20041622, 20041625, 20050999-20050103 micro slides
with colony branches, Japan, Sagami Bay, between
Ito and Hatsu-Shima Island, depth 150 m, leg. K. A.
Haberer, nr. 4781, III.1903.
Notes: Stechow (1919b, p. 33) includes this species
into his newly introduced genus Dentitheca. This is
also shown on some of the labels. More type material, colony pieces in ethanol are housed in the ZMB
(nr. 14907).
ZSM 20040179 colonies on five gastropod shells
(Nassa tritoniformis (Kiener), Turritella ungulina var.
nivea Reeve, Natica sp. and Pleurotoma or Pisania sp.)
in ethanol, three of them occupied by the pagurid
hermit crab Diogenes pugilator var. cristata (H. Milne
Edwards), ZSM 20041732, 20041733 micro slides
with polyps from the colonies, Côte d’Ivoire, Addah,
depth 10 m, on sandy bottom, 15.IX.1888.
Plumularia hertwigi Stechow, 1907
Sarsia nana Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p. 195.
Stechow (1923c), Zool. Jb. Syst. 47, p. 40, fig. B.
ZSM 20040240, 20040241 large colonies in ethanol,
ZSM 20041700 micro slide with colony branch, Japan,
Sagami Bay, near Misaki, depth 15-20 m, leg. F.
Doflein expedition, 11.X.1904.
ZSM 20041609 micro slide containing several pieces,
European coasts.
Note: Schuchert (2001) regards this as holotypic
material and questions the validity of the species.
20
Polyhydra spinifera Stechow, 1962
Stechow (1962), Zool. Anz. 169, p. 420-422, fig. 3.
Sertularella atlantica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919b), Sitz. Ber. Ges. Morphol. Physiol. München 1919, p. 21-22, fig. 2A.
ZSM 20041559 micro slide with parts of a colony,
west of the Shetland Islands, 60°42'N, 3°11'W, depth
486 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 4, 06.VIII.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given in Stechow (1923c, p. 183-184, fig. A1a).
Sertularella fusoides Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 103-104.
ZSM 20040894 colony branches in ethanol, ZSM
20041641 micro slide containing several colony
pieces, U.S.A., California, Pacific Grove, Monterey
Bay, surface, growing on algae, leg. W. S. Wallace.
Sertularella goliathus Stechow, 1923
Notes: In the brief original descriptions Stechow
(1913b) hardly provides any information on the type
material. However, it seems very likely that the
material of the more detailed redescription (Stechow
1913c, p. 132-133, fig. 104) represents the type material.
Sertularella japonica Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 104-105.
ZSM 20040217 (fig. 3D) colony in ethanol, densely
covering a single antenna of a palinurid crustacean,
ZSM 20041642-20041645 micro slides containing
colony branches, Japan, Tokio Bay, Uraga Channel,
leg. A. Owston, 13.VII.1903.
Sertularella lagenoides Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 86-87, fig. C.
ZSM 20040900 colony in ethanol, Filellum serpens
(Hassall) growing on it, South Africa, Agulhas stream
on Agulhas Bank, 35°16'S, 22°26.7'E, depth 155 m,
leg. “Valdivia”, station 104, 02.XI.1898.
ZSM 20040901 small colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041597,
20041598 micro slides with colony pieces, South
Africa, southern part of the Agulhas Bank, 35°27'S,
20°56'E, depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 106,
03.XI.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given in Stechow (1925a, p. 481-482, fig. 37.
ZSM 20040218 several colonies in ethanol, France,
Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow, III-V.1910
ZSM 20051723 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20050445
-20050446 micro slides with colony pieces, France,
Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow, IV.1910.
ZSM 20051726 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041760
-20041762, 20050447-20050448 micro slides with
colony pieces, France, Sète, harbour, growing on
algae, leg. Collin.
ZSM 20051727 colony in ethanol, France, Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow.
ZSM 20041758-20041759 micro slides with colony
pieces, France, Villefranche, leg. E. Stechow, 1910.
Sertularella gotoi Stechow, 1913
Sertularella levigata Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 142.
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 183-184.
ZSM 20040227 two colony pieces in ethanol, Plumularia setacea (L.) growing on it, ZSM 20050746-20050752
micro slides with colony pieces, Japan, Sagami Bay,
NE of Okinose Bank, 35°01'N 139°33' 20"E, depth
600 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition, Zuso Maru” station
5, Nr. 357a, 10.XI.1904.
Notes: A redescription based on the type material
is provided by Stechow (1913c, p. 132-133, fig. 104).
Stechow (1923c) later includes the species in the
newly established genus Symplectoscyphus.
ZSM 20040219, 20040905 colony pieces in ethanol,
ZSM 20041663, 20041664 micro slides with colony
branches, Japan, Mutsu-Bay, Tsuchiya near Asamushi, leg. 01.VII.1926.
Notes: A redescription with a drawing is given in
Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 559-561, fig. 9). The name
of the collector on the label of sample ZSM 20040219
(T. Uchida) and the one given in the description
(S. Hozawa) do not match each other.
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 112-113.
Sertularella lineata Stechow, 1923
Sertularella inabai Stechow, 1913
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p. 141-142.
ZSM 20040216 (fig. 6A) two colony pieces on tube
like substratum in ethanol, Halecium sessile Norman
and Eudendrium racemosum (Cavolini) growing on
it, ZSM 20041701-20041703 (fig. 6B) micro slides
containing colony pieces, Japan, Sagami Bay, off
Aburatsubo, depth 5-20 m, F. Doflein expedition, nr.
155a, 10.XI.1904.
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 109.
ZSM 20040906 colony in ethanol on brown algal (?)
substratum, ZSM 20041580-20041582 micro slides
containing several small pieces of the colony, South
Africa, Simon’s Bay, 34°20'S, 18°36'E, depth 70 m,
leg. “Valdivia”, station 114, 05.XI. 1898.
Note: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given by Stechow (1925a, p. 469-470,
fig. 29).
21
Sertularella longa Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 109.
ZSM 20040907 several colony branches in ethanol,
ZSM 20041583, 20041584 micro slides with colony
pieces, South Africa, Cape Agulhas, shallow waters
of the northern part of the Agulhas Bank, 35°2.5'S,
19°58.5'E, depth 80 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 96,
27.X.1898.
ZSM 20041570, 20041585-20041593 micro slides with
colony pieces, South Africa, Plettenberg Bay, 34°7.3'S,
23°27.8'E, depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 99,
28.X.1898.
Notes: A more detailed redescription based on the
type material is given by Stechow (1925a, p. 483-485,
fig. 38). ZSM 20041570 is also type material of Tubularia sertularellae Stechow, 1923, which grows on
Sertularella longa Stechow, 1923.
Sertularella megista Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 97-119.
ZSN 20040911 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041594
-20041596 micro slides with colony branches, South
Africa, Francis Bay, shallow waters of the northern
part of the Agulhas Bank, 34°08.9'S, 24°59.3'E, depth
100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 100, 29.X.1898.
Notes: Antenella africana, Clytia paulensis (Vanhöffen)
& Clytia gracilis (M. Sars) are growing on stems and
thecae of the colony. A detailed redescription based
on the type material is provided by Stechow (1925a,
p. 480-481, fig. 36).
Sertularella miurensis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, p. 258.
ZSM 20040913 colony in ethanol in brown algae,
ZSM 20050470, 20050471, 20050473 micro slides with
colony branches, Japan, Sagami Bay, off Aburatsubo,
floating on water surface, leg. F. Doflein expedition,
Nr. 1707b, 06.X.1904.
Notes: The original description is a short note and
based on his (Stechow 1913c, p. 134-135, figs. 106-107)
description of Sertularella indivisa Bale, 1882. The
material this study is based on must be regarded as
type material. A redescription again based on this
material is provided by Stechow (1923c, p. 175-177,
fig. T).
Sertularella mutsuensis Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 177-187.
ZSM 20041658 micro slide with small piece of a
colony with few zoids, Japan, Mutsu Bay, Suzu-uti
Mura near Asamushi, growing on algae, leg. S.
Hozawa.
22
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
provided by Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 554-556,
fig. 6).
Sertularella obtusa Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 182-183.
ZSM 20040221, 20040914 colonies in ethanol, ZSM
20041659, 20041660 micro slides containing several
pieces of the colonies, Japan, Mutsu Bay, EmmusubiJizo near Asamushi, growing on algae among colonies of Sertularella miurensis var. pungens Stechow,
1931, leg. S. Hozawa.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 585-589, fig. 8).
Sertularella pulchra Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 113-114.
ZSM 20040922 colony branches in ethanol, ZSM
20041599-20041601 micro slides with colony branches, South Africa, Simons Bay, 34°20'S, 18°36'E, depth
70 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 114, 05.XI.1898.
Note: Stechow (1925a, p. 485-487, fig. 39) provides
a redescription based on the type material.
Sertularella quinquelaminata Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 180-181.
ZSM 20040223 colony branches on brown algal
substratum in ethanol, ZSM 20041656, 20041657
micro slides with three small pieces of the colony
each, Japan, Mutsu Bay, Hadakashima, growing on
algae, leg. Ito, 10.VII.1926.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 553-554, fig. 5)
Sertularella sagamina Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, p. 257-258.
ZSM 20040224 colony growing on sponge (?) substratum in ethanol, Japan, Sagami Bay, Ito, growing
on a hexactinellid sponge, leg. K. A. Haberer, 20.II.
1903.
Notes: The original description is a short note only
that lacks details on the material. A detailed redescription on material that very likely represents the
type material is given in Stechow (1923c, p. 177-179,
fig. U).
Sertularella spirifera Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 184-185.
ZSM 20040925, 20040926 colony portions in ethanol,
ZSM 20041665, 20041666 micro slides with large
colony branches, Japan, Mutsu Bay, Noheji near
Asamushi, leg. Kokubo & Kamada, 22.VIII. 1926.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 561-563, fig.
10, XV fig. 4).
Sertularella striata Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 10.
ZSM 20040927 colony in ethanol on piece of a brown
algal trunk together with Plumularia setacea, ZSM
20041542, 20041544 micro slides with colony pieces,
South Africa, Cape Agulhas, shallow waters of the
northern part of the Agulhas Bank, 35°2.5'S, 19°58.5'E,
depth 80 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 96, 27.X.1898.
Notes: Sample ZSM 20040927 also contains Plumularia setacea (L.). Stechow (1925a, p. 470-471, fig. 30)
provided a redescription partly based on the type
material.
Sertularella xantha Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 109-110.
ZSM 20040931 small colony with sponge (?) on the
base in ethanol, ZSM 20041578, 20041579 micro slides
with large colony pieces, South Africa, near Cape
Town, northern part of the Agulhas Bank, 33°41'S,
18°00'E, depth 178 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 92,
26.X.1898.
Note: A redescription based o the type material is
provided by Stechow (1925a, p. 472-473, fig. 32).
Sertularia bellis Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924a), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 57-69.
ZSM 20041539-20041541 micro slides containing one
branch of a colony each, Tonga Islands.
ZSM 20040225 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041618
-20041620 micro slides with large colony pieces,
South-west Australia, Albany District, Oyster Harbour, growing on algae, depth 0.75-5.5 m, leg. W.
Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 64,
21.VIII.1905.
Notes: A redescription based on the type material
is provided by Stechow (1925b, p. 239-240, fig. O).
More type material, many colony pieces in ethanol
is housed in the ZMH (nr. C 5866).
Sertularella valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Sertularia densa Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p.11.
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 93-94, fig. J.
ZSM 20040930 colony portions in ethanol, ZSM
20050520-20050523 micro slides with colony pieces,
ZSM 20041566-20041569 micro slides with colony
pieces with Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow, 1923 growing on it, ZSM 20043881 micro slide with colony
piece growing on Symplectoscyphus paulensis Stechow,
1923, contains also Antennella secundaria, Indian
Ocean, 7 km south of St. Paul, growing on Symplectoscyphus paulensis Stechow, 1923, epizoic growing
on it Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow, 1923, Halisiphonia
megalotheca Allman, Lafoea benthophila Ritchie und
Filellum contortum (Nutting), 8°40'S, 77°38.6'E, depth
672 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 165, 03.I.1899.
Notes: ZSM 20040930 contains type-material of
Symplectoscyphus paulensis as well. Stechow (1925a,
p. 471-472, fig. 30) provides a redescription.
ZSM 20051729 many colonies on large piece of heterogeneous substratum in ethanol, ZSM 20050221,
20050224-20050226, 20050228, 20050229 micro slides
with colony pieces, France, Villefranche, depth 1-2 m,
E. Stechow, IV.1910.
Note: Stechow (1919, p. 15) transferred this species
to the genus Dynamena.
Sertularella tongensis Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 89-91, figs. F, G.
Sertularella wallacei Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 101-102.
ZSM 20041640 micro slide with what might be a
colony fragment, U.S.A. California, Monterey Bay,
leg. W. S. Wallace.
Sertularia mertoni Stechow, 1923
Stechow & Müller, (1923) Abh. Senck. Natf. Ges. 35,
p. 472-473, XXVII, figs 9,10.
ZSM 20040226 colony pieces in ethanol, 20041691
-20041694 micro slides with colony pieces, Indonesia,
Moluccas, Aru Islands, SW of Lola, depth 8-10 m,
stony bottom, leg. H. Merton, dredge haul 9, 01.IV.
1908.
Note: The Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum
Senckenberg (Frankfurt) houses more type material
of this species.
Sertularia perpusilla Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 99-101, fig. M1.
ZSM 20040233 colonies on two pieces of Posidonia
leaves in ethanol, ZSM 20041549 micro slide with
colony branches, Monaco, Cap d’Ail, growing on
23
Posidonia leaves, dredge haul, depth 30 m, leg. E.
Stechow, 12.VI.1910.
ZSM 20051730 colony on a pieces of a Posidonia leave
in ethanol, ZSM 20041547, 20041548 micro slides
with small colony pieces, France, Isle d’Endoume
near Marseille, growing on Posidonia leaves, leg. E.
Stechow, 02.III.1904.
ZSM 20051731 colonies on several Posidonia leaves
in ethanol, ZSM 20041545, 20041546 micro slides
containing several pieces of the colony, Italy, Porto
Fino near Genua, depth 1 m, leg. R.Issel, VIII.1912.
Note: Stechow (1919b, p. 30) places the species into
the newly establishes genus Tridentata and selects it
as type species.
Sertularia tongensis Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919a), Zool. Jb. Syst. 42, p. 101-102, fig. N1.
ZSM 20041550 micro slide with small piece of a
colony, Tonga Islands, leg. Kirchenpauer.
Symplectoscyphus paulensis Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 8-10.
ZSM 20040973 colonies in ethanol, ZSM 20043881
-20043883 micro slides with pieces of the colony,
Indian Ocean, 7 km E of St. Paul, 38°40'S, 77°38.6 E,
depth 672 m, “Valdivia” station 165, 03.I.1899.
Notes: ZSM 20040930 also contains type material of
Sertularella valdiviae (Stechow, 1923), which grows
on Symplectoscyphus paulensis Stechow, 1923. A redescription is given by Stechow (1925a, p. 467-468,
fig. 28).
Thaumantias (?) elsae-oswaldae Stechow, 1914
Stechow (1914), Zool. Anz. 45, p. 120-136, fig. 2.
ZSM 20041521 micro slide with colony growing on
a bryozoan, U.S. Virgin Islands, St. Thomas Island,
Charlotte Amalia, surface waters, growing on a treelike branched bryozoan, leg. E. Stechow, 18.III.
1912.
Stylactella (Hydractinia) elsae-oswaldae Stechow,
1921
Tridentata occulta Stechow, 1926
Stechow (1921d), Arch. f. Naturgesch. 87, p. 251.
Stechow (1926), Zool. Anz. 68, p. 105-106.
ZSM 20040164 colonies growing on a bryozoan
encrusting part of a piece of rock in ethanol, ZSM
20000682 micro slide containing several Hydroids,
Italy, Nisida Island near Naples, leg. (? “material”)
M. Bedot (Nr. 145).
Note: The original description is a short note only.
A more detailed redescription is given in Stechow
(1923c, p. 64-65, fig. E).
ZSM 20041646 micro slide with tiny piece of a colony, location unknown (“probably Indian Ocean”).
Stylactella siphonis Stechow, 1921
Stechow (1921b), Zool. Anz. 53, p. 224-225.
ZSM 20041876 micro slide with several polyps, off
South Africa, Agulhas Stream, 35°10.5'S, 23°02'E,
depth 500 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 103, 02.XI.
1898.
Note: A redescription of the species is given in
Stechow (1925a, p. 407-408, fig. 2) where it is regarded as a member of the genus Halerella Stechow,
1922.
Symplectoscyphus hozawai Stechow, 1931
Stechow (1931), Zool. Anz. 96, p. 179-180.
ZSM 20040228 two colony branches in ethanol, ZSM
20041654, 20041655 micro slides with colony branches, Japan, Mutsu-Bay, Oma-Shimote, growing on the
gastropod Haliotis gigantea, leg. S. Hozawa, Takatsuki & Sato, 18.VIII.1927.
Note: A more detailed redescription is given in
Stechow & Uchida (1931, p. 551-553, fig. 4).
24
Tridentata rigida Stechow, 1924
Stechow (1924), Zool. Anz. 59, p. 234-236, fig. M.
ZSM 20040999 several large colony pieces in ethanol,
ZSM 20041615-20041617 micro slides with large
colony pieces, SW Australia, Fremantle District,
Southern Flats, Cockburn Sound, brown algae, depth
3-4 m, leg. W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer expedition, station 50, 30.IX.1905.
Note: More type material, colony pieces in ethanol
are housed in the ZMH (nr. C 5843).
Tridentata westindica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1919b), Sitz. Ber. Ges. Morphol. Physiol. München. 1919, p. 30-31, fig. 5.
ZSM 20041000 colony with sponge in ethanol, ZSM
20050705, 20050706 micro slides with colony pieces,
French West Indies’ islands, Martinique, St. Anne,
leg. F. Doflein, 03.IV.1898.
Notes: The micro slides are labelled as Sertularia
westindica; the synonym is mentioned in the literature
as well as the location, therefore the micro slides are
probably type material of Tridentata westindica. The
micro slides are labelled as Sertularia westindica. A
redescription based on the type material is given by
Stechow (1923c, p. 210-211, fig. H).
Tubularia sagamina Stechow, 1907
Zygophylax pacifica Stechow, 1919
Stechow (1907), Zool. Anz. 32, p.194-195.
Stechow (1919b), Sitz. Ber. Ges. Morphol. Physiol. München. 1919, p. 11.
ZSM 20040174 large colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041524
-20041532, 20041534, 20041536, 20041538, 20060286,
micro slides with colony parts like polyps, tentacles,
gonophores, ZSM 20041523, 20041533, 20041535,
20041537 micro slides with serial sections of portions
like polyps, stalks or gonophores, Japan, Sagami
Bay, near Misaki, litoral, leg. F. Doflein expedition,
nr. 350a, 1904.
Notes: A detailed redescription based on the type
material is provided by Stechow (1909, p. 43-47, III,
fig 6, V, fig 5, VI, fig. 22-25. More type material, a
colony piece in ethanol, is housed in the ZMB (Nr.
14857).
Tubularia sertularellae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 97-98.
ZSM 20041570 micro slide with polyps growing on
two branches of Sertularella longa Stechow, 1923,
off South Africa, Plettenberg Bay, 34°7.3'S, 23°27.8'E,
depth 100 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 99, 28.X.1898.
Notes: The preparation contains also type material
of Sertularella longa Stechow, 1923. A redescription
based on the type material is provided by Stechow
(1925a, p. 406).
Zygophylax africana Stechow, 1923
ZSM 20040198 colony in ethanol, ZSM 20041554
-20041556, 20043569 micro slides with colony pieces,
Japan, Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank, 34°59'30"N,
139°34'50"E, depth 250 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition,
“Zuso Maru“ station 6, Nr. 772, 10.XI.1904.
Note: The brief species description is based on the
detailed description of a material identified as
Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905 (Stechow 1913c,
p. 114-115, fig. 88).
Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow, 1923
Stechow (1923a), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 1-20.
ZSM 20041566-20041569 micro slides with colony
parts epizoic growing on Sertularella valdiviae Stechow, 1923, together with Fillelum contortum (Nutting), Lafoea benthophila Ritchie or Antenella secundaria (Gm.), Indian Ocean, 7 km south of St. Paul,
38°40'S, 77°38.6'E, depth 672 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 165, 03.I.1899.
Notes: A detailed redescription based on type material is given by Stechow (1925a, 446-447, fig. 19).
Ethanol sample ZSM 20040930 (type material of
Sertularellae valdiviae Stechow, 1923) from the same
“Valdivia” station might contain more type material of Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow, 1923.
Stechow (1923b), Zool. Anz. 56, p. 106-107.
ZSM 20040731 colony pieces with some substratum
in ethanol, ZSM 20041574, 20043579 micro slides
with colony branches, South Africa, near Cape Town,
northern part of the Agulhas Bank, 33°41'S, 18°00'E,
depth 178 m, leg. “Valdivia”, station 92, 26.X.1898.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
provided by Stechow (1925a, p. 445-446, fig. 18).
Zygophylax curvitheca Stechow, 1913
Stechow (1913b), Zool. Anz. 43, p.139-140.
ZSM 20040199 parts of a colony in ethanol, ZSM
20043570-20043574 micro slides with colony pieces,
Japan, Sagami Bay, Haidashi Bank, 35°08'15"N,
139°29'40"E, depth 600 m, leg. F. Doflein expedition,
“Zuso Maru“ station 2, Nr. 1604, 08.XI.1904.
Note: A redescription based on the type material is
given by Stechow (1913c, 116-117, fig. 89).
Concluding Remarks
595 type specimen objects were identified for 130
original species descriptions. 470 of these are micro
preparations (mainly total preparations) and 125 are
ethanol samples. No type material could be found
for a single species (Abietinaria pacifica) only. In case
of another species (Dinotheca dofleini) the assignment
of the type material remained questionable. 23 species are represented by micro preparations, twelve
of which with a single one only. These numbers of
course only represent the current state of knowledge.
Continuous search would provide more material,
although the number would not increase substantially anymore.
According to the numbers given above, the type
material of the Stechow descriptions is fairly complete present at the ZSM. The same probably holds
true for the other hydrozoan material of the collection. It, thus, can be stated that the hydrozoan collection survived World War II to a great extent
unharmed.
25
It is not the purpose of the present study to judge
about the reliability of the Stechow species descriptions. Nevertheless, the composition of the type
material gives insight in his way of working. Particularly the cases where descriptions are based on
a single micro slide – with for example Campanularia rara containing a single polyp only – give the
impression that not all descriptions were carried out
with sufficient carefulness. This gives support to
Schuchert (1998), who suspects that more of Stechow’s nominal species must be regarded as dubious
or unidentifiable.
Acknowledgements
We thank Eva Lodde (ZSM) for help in specimen registration and additional assistance. Thanks to Teresa Saks
for improving the English and one reviewer for providing valuable comments. We are grateful to the German
Ministry of Education and Research for funding the
Gbif-Deutschland project (sub project “Cnidaria” FKZ
01LI0206).
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27
Buchbesprechungen
1.
Amiet F., M. Herrmann, A. Müller & R. Neumeyer:
Apidae 5 Ammobates, Ammobatoides, Anthophora, Biastes, Ceratina, Dasypoda, Epeoloides, Epeolus, Eucera,
Macropis, Melecta, Melitta, Nomada, Pasites, Tetralonia,
Thyreus, Xylocopa. – Fauna Helvetica 20; Centre suisse
de cartographie de la faune und Schweizerische
Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchatel, 2006, 356 S.,
ISBN 978-2-88414-032-4/ISSN 1422-6367.
Der mittlerweile 5. Band über die Bienen der Schweiz,
herausgegeben von der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft und dem Centre suisse de cartographie de la faune, behandelt die Familie Melittidae sowie
die Unterfamilie Apinae (außer den Gattungen Apis,
Bombus und Psithyrus). Das in Deutsch und Französisch
verfasste Buch gliedert sich wie alle bisher erschienen
Bände der Reihe jeweils in einen Bestimmungsschlüssel
für die Arten jeder Gattung und Bemerkungen zu den
behandelten Arten. Insgesamt werden so 140 Bienenarten
(131 Apinae, 9 Melittidae) vorgestellt. Mit dem vorliegenden Werk können daher auch fast alle in Deutschland
vorkommenden Bienenarten dieser Bienengruppen bestimmt werden, lediglich 2 Arten innerhalb der Melittidae
(Dasypoda suripes (Christ), Melitta wankowiczi (Radoszkowski)) sowie 4 Arten innerhalb der Apinae (Anthophora borealis Morawitz, Epeolus schummeli Schilling, Nomada
discedens Pérez, N. rostrata Herrich-Schäffer) werden nicht
berücksichtigt. Die mit zahlreichen guten Zeichnungen
illustrierten Bestimmungsschlüssel sind klar strukturiert
und beschränken sich auf die wirklich wesentlichen
Unterscheidungsmerkmale, wodurch eine angenehme
Übersichtlichkeit erreicht wird. Im Beschreibungsteil der
einzelnen Arten werden neben morphologischen Kurzbeschreibungen beider Geschlechter auch Angaben zu
Verbreitung, Flugzeit, Pollensammelverhalten, Kuckucksbienen und Wirtsarten aufgeführt. Die Verbreitung der
einzelnen Arten in der Schweiz wird zusätzlich anhand
von Verbreitungskarten dokumentiert.
Da für die o. g. Bienengattungen bereits gut illustrierte
Bestimmungswerke für Deutschland und Österreich
vorliegen, können die in diesem Buch präsentierten
Bestimmungsschlüssel lediglich als Erweiterung und
Ergänzung zu diesen angesehen werden, zumal auch
kaum neue Merkmale und Strukturen illustriert und
daher keine wirklich neuen Erkenntnisse präsentiert
werden. Somit sind es streng genommen allein die faunistischen Daten für die Schweiz, die den eigentlichen
wissenschaftlichen Wert dieses Buches ausmachen. Im
Kontext einer Fauna Helvetica hat dieses Buch sicherlich
seine Berechtigung. Ob die Autoren aber vor dem Hintergrund der bereits existierenden Bestimmungswerke
so viel Zeit und Energie in eine eigene Version hätten
investieren, oder sich besser nur auf die Schweiz betreffende Ergänzungen der bereits vorliegenden Literatur
hätten beschränken sollen, ist dennoch fraglich.
Andreas Dubitzky
28
2.
Ruiz Ruiz, A., A. Cárcaba Pozo, A. I. Porras Crevillen
& J. R. Arrébola Burgos: Caracoles Terrestres de
Andalucía. Guía y manual de identificación. – Fundación Gypaetus, Cazorla, Sevilla, 2007. 303 pp.,
including many color photographs, illustrations and
maps. ISBN 84-935194-2-1
This booklet (15.5 × 10.5 cm) is a catalogue of all 115 terrestrial shelled pulmonate gastropod species of Andalusia, southern Spain. Distributional information was
compiled from extensive literature and over 2000 collecting sites, many of them also visited by the authors. An
instructive technical, shell-morphological and biological
introduction is followed by the species part. Arranged
in systematic order, each family is briefly characterized
and colour photographs of living specimens of at least
some selected species are presented. Each species is then
described and illustrated by colour photographs of shells,
usually from dorsal, ventral and frontal positions. A brief
glossary, list of abbreviations, index of scientific species
names, list of references and a key to the quite many
symbols used to point towards e.g. geographical distributions, habitats, and need for conservation are also given.
Edited by a non-profit organisation, this book is very
reasonably priced and offers an excellent value to all
naturalists, amateur collectors and professionals that are
interested in getting a sound overview on the southern
Spain land molluscs. Conservationists and decision makers get a perfect tool to evaluate local faunas. The text is
in Spanish only, but the extensive use of pictograms and
photographs makes the catalogue accessible also by an
international readership. Printed in colours throughout,
readers discover the widely neglected beauty of living
specimens, additionally to conventional shell photographs. Because of its pocket size, this book is an indispensable and practical mate especially on field trips.
However, and this is a major drawback, there is no
identification key, neither to family nor to species level.
Trying to track down a shell of unknown systematic
placement the entire catalogue has to be searched for
photographs that might match the request. In most
cases where scientific genus or species names are already
known the index might be quite helpful, but it is not
complete. A very positive point is that the authors classify the species into those which virtually cannot be
misidentified because of having a diagnostic shell, and
others that have to be compared more carefully. In the
latter cases, similar species are mentioned and distinctive
features are noted. Highly recommendable.
Michael Schroedl