This art icle was downloaded by: [ 181.112.217.211] On: 21 March 2014, At : 17: 03 Publisher: Taylor & Francis I nform a Lt d Regist ered in England and Wales Regist ered Num ber: 1072954 Regist ered office: Mort im er House, 37- 41 Mort im er St reet , London W1T 3JH, UK Italian Journal of Zoology Publicat ion det ails, including inst ruct ions f or aut hors and subscript ion inf ormat ion: ht t p: / / www. t andf online. com/ loi/ t izo20 Records of Aphodiinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Aphodiidae) from Edirne province and neighbouring areas (European Turkey) Marco Dellacasa a & Timur Kirgiz b a Cent ra Int erdipart iment ale , Museo di St oria Nat urale e del Territ orio , via Roma 79, Calci, Pisa, 1–56011, It aly b Üniversit esi, Fen ‐Edebiyat Fakült esi , Biyoloj i Bölümü, Edirne, Turkey Published online: 28 Jan 2009. To cite this article: Marco Dellacasa & Timur Kirgiz (2002) Records of Aphodiinae (Coleopt era, Scarabaeoidea, Aphodiidae) f rom Edirne province and neighbouring areas (European Turkey), It alian Journal of Zoology, 69: 1, 71-82, DOI: 10. 1080/ 11250000209356441 To link to this article: ht t p: / / dx. doi. org/ 10. 1080/ 11250000209356441 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTI CLE Taylor & Francis m akes every effort t o ensure t he accuracy of all t he inform at ion ( t he “ Cont ent ” ) cont ained in t he publicat ions on our plat form . However, Taylor & Francis, our agent s, and our licensors m ake no represent at ions or warrant ies what soever as t o t he accuracy, com plet eness, or suit abilit y for any purpose of t he Cont ent . Any opinions and views expressed in t his publicat ion are t he opinions and views of t he aut hors, and are not t he views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. 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Zool., 69. 71-82 (2002) Records of Aphodiinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Aphodiidae) from Edirne province and neighbouring areas (European Turkey) MARCO DELLACASA Centra Interdipartimentale, Museo di Storia Naturale e del Territorio, via Roma 79, 1-56011 Calci, Pisa (Italy) TIMUR KIRGIZ Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, Edirne (Turkey) INTRODUCTION Notwithstanding that Turkey has been, and still is, the subject of many careful entomological researches, most of them have been carried out in the Asiatic territory, while for European Turkey very little information is available. Thus we considered it useful to supply the results of field researches conducted in Edirne and neighbouring areas (Fig. 1) from 1986 to 1997. Collections were made in arid and open pastures surrounded by large cultivated areas, which are the main characteristics of the region. Only material from Demirkoy was collected in pastures near deciduous forest, and the single specimen of Pseudacrossus suffertus ssp. suffertus (Schmidt A., 1907) was found under a stone. The taxa collected are generally well known and their correct identification does not present any difficulties. Nomenclatural and/or systematic overviews are provided for Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. hirtipes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1844), Eudolus quadrinaevulus (Reitter, 1892), and Amidorus thermicola (Sturm, 1800). The material, consisting of 3084 specimens belonging to 35 taxa, is preserved in the Dellacasa collection (Genoa, Italy) and the Collection of Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi, Biyoloji Bolumu (Edirne, Turkey). MATERIALS AND METHODS Study area ABSTRACT The results regarding Aphodiinae from several field researches in Edirne Province and neighbouring areas (European Turkey) for a total of 3084 specimens belonging to 35 species, are reported. New combinations for Agrilinus sordidus, Alocoderus turbatus, Chilotborax distinctus, Esymus pusillus, Eudolus quadrinaevulus, Euorodalus paracoenosus, Melinopterus stolzi, Planolinus vittatus, and Pseudacrossus suffertus are established. For E. quadrinaevulus both a redescription and the iconography are supplied. For Melinopterus punctatosulcatus (Sturm, 1805), the adoption of the names punctatosulcatus for the western and hirtipes (downgraded to subspecific rank) for the eastern subspecies of the taxon is proposed and its synonymy is updated. The zoogeographical analysis of involved taxa is supplied. The study area comprises different regions from the point of view of climate, soil and relief, and thus different vegetation groups can be distinguished (Fig. 2): - The humid forest area, situated in the Istranca Mountains to the north. The forests extend nearly to coastal areas in the northern Istranca Mountains and up to 500-600 m a.s.l. on the southern slopes. - The dry forest area, extending to the southern slopes and plateaux on the southern flanks of the Istranca Mountains, from an altitude of 200 to 500 or 600 m. These forests are also wide- 26'E - 2T*E BULGARIA • " s \ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (Received 27 February 2001 - Accepted 15 June 2001) Kofg • 29-E -X' • 0 |J M d l l LMEU ^s Pinarhi»ar • GREE BLACK SEA ferkozkSy ,,-'H.y«bc1U 41 *N - TEKIRDA6 r Kef an,' • \ • Malkara Karahtear '»--—-^ / V 50 Km Kulak»y^_^ Wm ,.k O y - Our grateful thanks are due to O. Merkl (Budapest) for loan of the type of Aphodius quadrinaevulus, and to R. D. Gordon (Willow City, N. D.) and R. Poggi (Genoa) for their critical review of the manuscript. • \ ) HatipkOy j^n, KEY WORDS: Aphodiinae - European Turkey. 28*E I ^\ , AE GEANSEA ''' feTANBULy SEA OF MARMARA ^ ^ s ) Fig. 1 - Location of the research area in Turkey and of the collecting localities. 72 M. DELLACASA, T. KIRGIZ 2 exx.; ibidem, 11.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Enez, 26.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 6 exx.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 5 exx.; Kesan, Karahisar, 16.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 10 exx.; Meric, K. Doganca, 20.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Musabeyli, 12.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; ibidem, 22.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 7 exx.; ibidem, 26.05-1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 9 exx.; Suloglu, 09.05-1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 15 exx.; ibidem, 23-24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 52 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05-1989, Dellacasa G. & E., leg. 3 exx.; Tekirdag Province: gerkezkoy, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex. ( J ) Humid Forest II '. Anthropogenic Steppe Area River side formation y Mediterranean formation Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 0 50 K Fig. 2 - Natural vegetation of Turkish Thrace (Donmez, 1990). spread on the Koru Mountain in southern Thrace (i. e., the town of Kesan). - The maquis and pseudomaquis area, confined to southern coastal areas. The margins of the humid forests on the northern slopes of the Istrancas reach down to the pseudomaquis area, where they form a narrow strip on the coastline. At the same time, they are found near the gulf of Saros in the south of Thrace. - The anthropogenic steppe area, essentially located in the Ergene Basin. This steppe was formed as a result of deforestation due to human action. Precipitation throughout the humid forest region in the Istrancas is more than 800 mm, and it is usually between 800-1400 mm in higher zones. In the dry forest region of southern Thrace, it ranges between 600 and 800 mm, while in the anthropogenic steppe area it is between 550 and 600 mm. In the study area, the average annual temperature is 8-15° C. Inland parts have a continental climate, but the Ergene Basin is the area with the warmest and the coldest temperatures in summer and winter, respectively. The highest values for the maximum mean temperature are recorded in Edirne and Liileburgaz (31° C and 30° C, respectively), and the minima are also found in these two towns (-1° C and 0° C, respectively). The temperature of the coastal areas does not drop below zero (Donmez, 1990). Soil types of Turkish Thrace are shown in Figure 3. Distribution — Central and southern Europe; sporadic in northern Europe; Asia Minor, Iran, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Siberia; North Africa (from Morocco to Egypt). Chorotype - Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy — Occurring in late spring, summer, and autumn, with prevalent activity in summer. Stenotopic with exclusive habitat in arid and open areas. From sea level to 1200 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep dung. Attracted to light. Uncommon. Acrossus lllridus (Fabricius, 1775) Acrossus luridus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 67. Material examined - Edirne Province: Edirne env., 22.03-1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; ibidem, 17.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 61 exx.; ibidem, 10.05-1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 9 exx.; Hatipkoy, 22.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Kesan env., 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, RESULTS Taxonomic account The genus-group taxa herein dealt with are considered at genus rank according to Dellacasa et al. (2001). Acanthobodilus immundus (Creutzer, 1799) Acanthobodilus immundus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 63. Material examined — Edirne Province: Demirhanh, 21.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg., 18 exx.; Edirne env., 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; ibidem, 23.05-1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 8 exx.; ibidem, 02.06.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., Fig. 3 - Soil types of Turkish Thrace (Donmez, 1990). 73 RECORDS OF APHODIINAE FROM EUROPEAN TURKEY Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 27.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Musabeyli, 01.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 13 exx.; ibidem, 12.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 21 exx.; ibidem, 22.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 6 exx.; Suloglu, 18.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 15 exx.; ibidem, 09.05.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 4 exx.; ibidem, 2324.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 64 exx.; Uzunkoprii, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 11 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Material examined - Edirne Province: Suloglu, 09.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 3 exx. Distribution — Central and southern Europe; Asia Minor; Syria; Turkmenistan. Chorotype - Southern central-European with Turanian extension. Bionomy — Occurring in spring and autumn. OligoDistribution — Europe (from the Iberian Peninsula to topic; preferring open areas. From 250 to 1500 m a.s.l. southern Sweden); Asia Minor, Syria, Iran, Kazakhstan, Coprophagous, mostly in cow dung. Uncommon. Caucasus, Central Siberia; North Africa (Morocco). IntroRemarks — This species was moved from Amidorus to duced into North America. Pseudacrossus (Dellacasa, 1983) on the basis of its tuChorotype — Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian ex- berculate frontal suture. However, as stated by Dellatension. casa et al. (2001), the most significant morphological Bionomy - Occurring in late winter, spring, and early character of Pseudacrossus is the apically truncate infesummer; mainly in spring. Oligotopic, preferring open rior apical spur of the male middle tibia. Because therareas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, micola does not have this character, we have restored it mostly in sheep dung; sometimes necrophagous (Veiga, to its original position in Amidorus. 1985). Common. Aphodius fimetarius (Linne, 1758) Agrilinus sordidus (Fabricius, 1775) comb. nov. Aphodius fimetarius, Dellacasa et al, 2001: 92. Aphodius (Agrilinus) sordidus, Dellacasa, 1983: 150. Material examined — Edirne Province-. Demirhanh, 27.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 4 exx.; ipsala, 22.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 7 exx.; Kesan env., Distribution — Europe; Asia Minor; Siberia, Mongolia, 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 13.10.1988, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 2 exx.; Pasayigit, northern China, Japan. Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Suloglu, 09.10.1990, DellaChorotype - Asiatic-European. casa G. & E. leg., 2 exx.; Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, Bionomy — Occurring in late spring, summer, and ear- 10.05.1997, Dellacasa G., M. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, ly autumn. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. 12.10.1993, Dellacasa G., M. & E. leg., 91 exx.; igneada, From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in 17.06.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 30.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Kirklareli env., 30.09.1990, cow dung. Uncommon. Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 4 exx. Material examined — Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 3 exx. Alocoderus turbatus (Baudi, 1870) comb. nov. Aphodius (Alocoderus) turbatus, Dellacasa et al, in press. Material examined - Edirne Province: Suloglu, 20.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 5 exx. Distribution - Europe, Asia, North Africa. Imported into North America and Mexican Transition Zone. Introduced into Australia. Chorotype — Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy - Occurring all year round but with prevalent activity in spring and summer. Eurytopic. From sea level to over 4000 m a.s.l. Mainly coprophagous, but alChorotype — E-Mediterranean with Turanian extension. so saprophagous and sometimes mycetophagous. Common. Bionomy — Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. From sea level to 1000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep Aphodius foetidus (Herbst, 1783) and cow dung. Uncommon. Aphodius (Aphodius) foetidus, Dellacasa, 1983: 183. Distribution - Cyprus, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Syria, Libya, Egypt. Amidorus thermicola (Sturm, 1800) Aphodius (Pseudacrossus) thermicola, Dellacasa, 1983: 402. Material examined - Edirne Province: Demirhanh, 27.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 41 exx.; Edirne env., 22.03.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; ibidem, 23.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 74 M. DELLACASA, T. KIRGIZ Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 7 exx.; ibidem, 02-03.06.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 27 exx.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 5 exx.; ipsala, 22.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 29 exx.; Kesan env., 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 151 exx.; ibidem, 26.09-1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 13-10.1988, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 5 exx.; Musabeyli, 26.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 152 exx.; Suloglu, 23-24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 43 exx.; ibidem, 25.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 09.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 38 exx.; Uzunkopru, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 12.10.1993, Dellacasa G., M. & E. leg., 9 exx.; igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 30.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; inece, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 25 exx.; Kirklareli env., 30.09-1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 2 exx. Distribution - Europe; Asia Minor; Middle East, Iran; North Africa (from Morocco to Egypt). Chorotype — Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean. leg., 6 exx.; Suloglu, 24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 11 exx.; ibidem, 09.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 54 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 30.09-1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Tekirdag Province: Hayrabolu, 24.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Lahana, 24.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; Marmaraereglisi, 28.09.1988, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 3 exx. Distribution — Europe; Asia Minor; western Asia (east to Kazakhstan); Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Arabian Peninsula; North Africa (from Morocco to Egypt). Chorotype - Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean. Bionomy — Occurring all year round but with prevalent activity in summer. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep and cow dung. Attracted to light. Frequent. Remarks - The specimens collected pertain to the subspecies ghardimaouensis (Balthasar, 1929) sensu Dellacasa & Pittino (1985). Bionomy — Occurring all year round, but with prevalent activity in spring and summer. Oligotopic; preferBodilus lugens (Creutzer, 1799) ring dry and open areas. From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Bodilus lugens, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 105. Material examined - Edirne Province: Edirne env., 23.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 14.09-1987, KirBiralus satellitius (Herbst, 1789) giz T. leg., 3 exx.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 40 exx.; Kesan, Karahisar, 16.07.1987, Kirgiz T. Biralus satellitius, Dellacasa et al, 2001: 101. leg., 2 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., Material examined — Edirne Province: Uzunkopru, 24 exx.; Suloglu, 24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Kirklareli Province: ex.; ibidem, 12.06.1995, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E., leg. 1 ex. ex.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa Distribution — Sporadic in central Europe, widely G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Malkara, 01.08.1987, Kirgiz T. leg, 4 spread in southern Europe; North Africa (from Morocco exx.; Pinarhisar, 16.06.1987, Kirgiz T. leg, 2 exx. to Egypt); Asia Minor, Syria, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan. Distribution - Central (up to Poland) and southern Europe; Asia Minor; Middle East; Afghanistan; TurkChorotype - Southern central-European with Turanian menistan; Kazakhstan; North Africa (from Morocco to and Maghrebinian extensions. Tunisia). Bionomy — Occurring mainly in spring but also in Chorotype — Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean. summer. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in Bionomy - Occurring in late spring, summer, and auhorse dung. Uncommon. tumn; mainly in summer. Stenotopic; in open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Attracted to light. Uncommon. Bodilus ictericus (Laicharting, 1781) Apbodius (Bodilus) ictericus, Dellacasa, 1983: 197. Material examined — Edirne Province: Demirhanh, 27.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 15 exx.; Edirne env., 14.09.1987, Kirgiz T. leg. 1 ex.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 72 exx.; ipsala, 12.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Kesan env., 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 26.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 67 exx.; ibidem, 13.10.1988, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. Calamosternus granarius (Linne, 1767) Calamosternus granarius, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 101. Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env, 17.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 1 ex.; ibidem, 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 11 exx.; ibidem, 05.06.1990, Kirgiz T. leg, 14 exx.; ipsala, 22.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 1 ex.; Kesan, 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 2 exx.; Musabeyli, 26.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 4 exx.; Pasayigit, 75 RECORDS OF APHODIINAE FROM EUROPEAN TURKEY 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 3 exx.; Suloglu, 2324.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 6 exx.; Kirklareli Province: inece, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 35 exx.; Kirklareli env., 18.06.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex. Distribution - Europe; Asia; North Africa. Imported into North and South America, Australia, Southern Africa. Chorotype - Palearctic. Tekirdag Province: Malkara, 01.08.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx. Distribution — Europe (extreme North excluded); central and eastern Asia (up to Siberia); India; North Africa (from Morocco to Tunisia). Introduced into North America (Canada and U.S.A.). Chorotype - Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy — Occurring all year round; mainly in late Bionomy — Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn, spring. Eurytopic. From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. mainly in late spring and summer. Oligotopic; preferPolyphagous: in manure, in vegetal decaying matters. ring open areas. From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. CoAttracted to light. Very common. prophagous. Common. Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Chilothorax distinctus (Miiller O. R, 1776) comb. nov. Aphodius (Chilothorax) distinctus, Dellacasa, 1983: 224. Material examined - Edime Province: Ahikoy, 09.03.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Edime env., 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 10 exx.; ibidem, 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx.; Suloglu, 20.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 23.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 2 exx.; Uzunkoprii, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx. Distribution — Europe; Asia Minor. Introduced into North America (Canada and U.S.A.). Chorotype - Asiatic-European. Bionomy— Occurring all year round; with prevalent activity in late spring and autumn. Eurytopic. From sea level to 1800 m a.s.l. Highly polyphagous: in all kinds of dung, in vegetal decaying matters, in carrion. Common. Remarks - the specimens collected pertain to the nominotypical subspecies. Coprimorphus scrutator(Herbst, 1789) Coprimorphus scrutator, Dellacasa et at., 2001: 128. Material examined - Edirne Province: Edirne env., 14.09.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 12.10.1993, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 4 exx.; igneada, 30.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Distribution - Central and southern Europe, Azores; Asia Minor; Caucasus. Chorotype — Turano-European with extension to Macaronesia. Bionomy — Occurring in late spring, summer, and autumn. Stenotopic; with exclusive habitat in open areas. From 500 to 2000 m a.s.l.; occasionally found at sea level and over 2000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in cow dung. Uncommon. Esymus merdarius (Fabricius, 1775) Esymus merdarius, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 145. Colobopterus erraticus (Linne, 1758) Colobopterus erraticus, Dellacasa et ah, 2001: 127. Material examined — Edirne Province: Edime env., 09.03.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 12.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; ibidem, 17.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 23.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 02.06.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 45 exx.; Karahisar, Kesan, 16.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 8 exx.; Musabeyli, 1012.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 14 exx.; ibidem, 02.06.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Suloglu, 08-09.05.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 7 exx.; ibidem, 24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 14 exx.; ibidem, 12.06.1995, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 5 exx.; Uzunkopru, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 11 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 14 exx.; ibidem, 17.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Pinarhisar, 16.06.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Material examined — Edirne Province: Suloglu, 18.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 7 exx. Distribution - Europe (from the Balkan Peninsula to Lapland); Asia Minor; Caucasus, Iran, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan; North Africa (Morocco). Chorotype - Turano-European. Bionomy — Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn; mainly in spring. Oligotopic; preferring open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep dung. Attracted to light. Frequent. EsymuspUSillus (Herbst, 1789) comb. nov. Aphodius (Esymus) pusillus, Dellacasa, 1983: 259Material examined — Edirne Province: Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. 76 M. DELLACASA, T. KIRGIZ feebly gibbous, superficially microreticulate, finely and sparsely punctured on disc, punctation denser and coarser distally; clypeus truncate anteriorly, rounded at sides, rather thickly bordered, border upturned and Chorotype — Sibero-European. with extremely short, nearly imperceptible lateral brisBionomy — Occurring all year round, mainly in late tles; genae ciliate; frontal suture distinctly impressed latspring and summer. Eurytopic. From sea level to 2000 erally only; front sparsely and regularly punctured. m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Pronotum transverse, moderately convex, superficially Remarks - The specimen collected pertains to the microreticulate, rather irregularly doubly punctured, punctation denser on sides; lateral margins feebly arcunominotypical subspecies. ate, finely bordered, border glabrous; hind angles obtusely rounded; base distinctly bordered. Scutellum triangularly elongate with curved sides, sparsely and fineEudolus quadriguttatus (Herbst, 1783) ly punctured. Elytra oval elongate, finely but rather deeply striate; striae distinctly punctured, feebly crenuEudolus quadriguttatus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 146. late; interstices slightly convex, superficially microreticuMaterial examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env., late, very finely and sparsely punctured. Hind tibiae su10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Haskoy, 11.06.1989, Del- perior apical spur shorter than first tarsal segment; the lacasa G. & E. leg., 59 exx.; Musabeyli, 26.05.1991, Kirgiz latter somewhat longer than the following two comT. leg, 1 ex.; Kefan, 27.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 4 bined. Male: genae obtusely rounded, usually more proexx.; Pa^ayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 7 exx.; truding than eyes; fore tibiae apical spur stout, subcylinSuloglu, 20.04.1997, Dellacasa G, E. & M. leg, 42 exx.; drical, hooked apically; pronotum relatively more transibidem, 09.05-1997, Dellacasa G, E. & M. leg, 1 ex.; ibi- verse, less convex and less densely punctured on disc; dem, 24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 1 ex.; Kirklareli metasternal plate deeply concave. Female: genae roundProvince: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 4 ed, usually not more protruding than eyes; fore tibiae exx.; inece, 21.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 4 exx. apical spur slender, apically acuminate; pronotum narDistribution - Europe (up to Sweden); Asia Minor; rowed frontward, more convex and more densely puncSyria, Iran, Iraq, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan; Israel, Jor- tured on disc; metasternal plate nearly flat. dan, Lebanon; North Africa (from Morocco to Libya). Distribution — Austria, Greece; Turkey, Azerbaijan. Chorotype - Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean. Chorotype - eastern S-European with Anatolian extenBionomy — Occurring in spring, and summer, mainly sion. in spring. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. Bionomy - Occurring in spring. Oligotopic; preferring From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in dry and open areas. From sea level to 2000 m a.s.l. Cosheep dung. Frequent. prophagous, mostly in sheep dung. Rare. Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Distribution - Europe (from the Iberian Peninsula to Sweden); Asia Minor; northern and central Asia (up to Siberia); Japan. Eudolus quadrinaevulus (Reitter, 1892) comb. nov. (Figs 8-11) Aphodius (Orodalus) quadrinaevulus, Reitter, 1892: 212. Aphodius (Eudolus) quadrinaevulus, Baraud, 1992: 187. Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env, 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 12 exx.; ibidem, 17.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 2 exx. Type locality — 'Araxesthal, bei Ordubad' (Azerbaijan). Remarks — The species does not present remarkable colour variations. Width of elytral spots is feebly variable and sometimes the pronotum is blackish. Systematically, it is close to quadriguttatus from which it can be distinguished as follows: - Clypeus anteriorly truncate; elytral interstices feebly convex; legs more or less dark piceous; elytral apex blackish; antennal club piceous . . . . quadrinaevulus - Clypeus feebly sinuate at middle; elytral interstices flat; legs pale orange; elytral apex orange; antennal club testaceous quadriguttatus Type depository — Magyar Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum, Budapest (holotype female examined). Euorodalus paracoenosus Redescription - Length 4-5.5 mm; oval elongate, mod(Balthasar & Hrubant, I960) comb. nov. erately convex, shiny, nearly glabrous. Blackish; pronotum slightly reddish at front angles; elytra with an orAphodius (Euorodalus) paracoenosus, Dellacasa, 1983: ange subquadrate basal spot widened from lateral mar264. gin to second interstice and with a preapical oval transverse spot of the same colour; legs more or less dark Material examined — Edirne Province: Haskoy, piceous; antennal. club piceous. Head with epistome 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg, 4 exx.; Suloglu, 08.06.1997, 77 RECORDS OF APHODIINAE FROM EUROPEAN TURKEY ex.; Pinarhisar, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Vize, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg, 1 ex. Distribution — Europe; Asia Minor; northern and central Asia; North Africa (Algeria). Imported into North America (Canada and U.S.A.). Chorotype - Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy - Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn. Eurytopic. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Polyphagous: detritus, carrion. Common. Remarks — The specimens collected pertain to the nominotypical subspecies. Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Labarrus lividus (Olivier, 1789) Labarrus lividus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 166. Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env., 26.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex. Distribution — Probably cosmopolitan (but with discontinuous distribution) due to anthropical dispersion. Chorotype — Mediterranean with Anatolian extension. Figs 4-13 - Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view) of: 4-5 Melinopterus puncatosulcatus (Romania: Comana Vlasca); 6-7 Melinopterus sphacelatus (Italy: Calabria, Aspromonte, Cippo Garibaldi); 8-9 - Eudolus quadrinaevulus (Turkey: Vil. Kayseri, Ziyarettepesi Gee, m 1900). 10 - Epipharynx of Eudolus quadrinaevulus. 11 - Habitus of Eudolus quadrinaevulus. 12-13 - Detailed sculpture of elytral striae of: 12 - Melinopterus puncatosulcatus ssp. hirtipes; 13 - Melinopterus puncatosulcatus ssp. punctatosulcatus. Bionomy - Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn, mainly in late spring. Oligotopic; preferring open areas. From sea level to 1000 m a.s.l. Polyphagous: in all kinds of dung, in manure, in vegetal decaying matters. Attracted to light. Frequent. Loraphodius suarius (Faldermann, 1836) Loraphodius suarius, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 174. Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 ex.; Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 10.06.1987, Dellacasa G, E. & M. leg., 3 exx.; igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 19 exx. Distribution - Central and southern Europe; Asia Minor; Iran. Material examined — Edirne Province: Demirhanh, 27.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 8 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 8 exx.; Suloglu, 09.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 5 exx.; Uzunkoprii, 18.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg, 1 ex.; Tekirdag Province: Lahana koy, 24.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg, 1 ex. Chorotype — South-European with Anatolian extenDistribution - Southeastern Europe; Asia Minor, Ission. rael, Syria. Bionomy — Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn, Chorotype — Eastern-Southern European with Turanmainly in spring. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open ian extension. areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, Bionomy — Occurring in late spring, summer, and aumostly in sheep dung. Uncommon. tumn. Oligotopic; preferring open areas. From sea level to 1000 m a.s.l. Polyphagous: mostly in horse dung but also in human faeces, carnivorous dung, vegetal decayEupleurus subterraneus (Linne, 1758) ing matters. Rare. Eupleurus subterraneus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 150. Material examined - Edirne Province: Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 3 exx.; Kirklareli Province: inece, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 Melinopterus consputus (Creutzer, 1799) Aphodius (Melinopterus) consputus, Dellacasa, 1983: 298. 78 M. DELLACASA, T. KIRGIZ Material examined - Edirne Province: Edirne env., 09.03-1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; Suloglu, 18.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 ex. Distribution — Central and southern Europe; Asia Minor, Syria, Caucasus; North Africa (from Morocco to Tunisia). Chorotype — Southern central-European with Anatolian and Maghrebinian extensions. Bionomy - Occurring all year round, but mainly in autumn and early spring. Eurytopic but with some preference for open areas. From sea level to 1200 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Melinopterus prodromus (Brahm, 1790) Melinoptenisprodromus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 185. Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env., 22.03.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; ibidem, 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; Haskoy, 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; ibidem, 10.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; Suloglu, 18.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 19.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; Uzunkoprii, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 14 exx. Distribution - Europe; Asia Minor; Syria, Lebanon, Israel; northern and central Asia (up to Mongolia); North Africa (Morocco and Algeria). Introduced into North America (Canada and U.S.A.). Chorotype — Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Remarks - The specimens collected pertain to the subspecies hirtipes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1844). The species belongs to Melinopterus on the basis of the eighth elytral stria nearly as long as the seventh toward the base; frontal suture tuberculate in males; head mostly blackish. Melinopterus punctatosulcatus is distinguished from the sibling species sphacelatus (Panzer, 1798) by the basal pronotal margin blackened at least medially and by the obvious aedeagal differences (Figs 4-7). Krell (1991a, b), on the basis of type material examination, established or confirmed the synonymies of Aphodius hirtipes Fischer de Waldheim, 1844, Aphodius sabulicola Thomson, 1868 and Aphodius similis Koshantschikov D., 1894 versus Aphodius punctatosulcatus Sturm, 1805. Krell (1991a, p. 297) remarked also that it was impossible to verify the correct synonymy of Aphodius convexifrons and Aphodius laeviceps, both described by Rey (1890) from "Pyr. Or., Fr. mer." (Eastern Pyrenees, Southern France), because of a lack of type material. They are currently considered junior synonyms of punctatosulcatus Sturm. Ahrens & Zorn (1996) discussed the results of Krell's studies and stated, mainly on the basis of aedeagal characteristics of the type, that Aphodius punctatosulcatus Sturm sensu Krell has to be considered a junior synonym of Aphodius sphacelatus (Panzer, 1798). Moreover, they ascertained the synonymy of Aphodius sphacelatus ssp. ponticus Petrovitz, 1967 ("Isik Dag, Anatolien"; type in Wien Museum) with Aphodius hirtipes. Melinopterus punctatosulcatus, sensu lato, has a wide Palearctic distribution, and a study of a large series from several localities indicates the presence of two subspecific taxa (Fig. 14) differing mainly in the elytral sculpture (Figs 12-13). Instead of creating a new name, we chose to adopt the name punctatosulcatus punctatosulcatus (Sturm, 1805) for the Bionomy - Occurring all year round, mainly in spring. Eurytopic, with some preference for open areas. From sea level to 1800 m a.s.l. Coprophagous; sometimes phytosaprophagous. Common. Melinopterus punctatosulcatus (Sturm, 1805) comb. nov. (Figs 4-5) Aphodius hirtipes, Ahrens & Zorn, 1996: 13. Material examined — Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 10.05.1997, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 37 exx. Distribution — Europe; Asia Minor; Middle East; northern and central Asia (east to Transbaikalia); North Africa (Morocco). Chorotype — Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy - Occurring in spring and summer. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. From 500 to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Fig. 14 - Distribution of Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. punctatosulcatus and Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. hirtipes. 79 RECORDS OF APHODIINAE FROM EUROPEAN TURKEY western subspecies and punctatosulcatus hirtipes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1844) for the eastern one. Therefore, we propose the following nomenclature: Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. punctatosulcatus (Sturm, 1805) ? convexifrons (Rey, 1890) ? laeviceps (Rey, 1890) Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. hirtipes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1844) sabulicola (Thomson, 1868) similis (Koshantschikov D., 1894) sphacelatus ssp. ponticus (Petrovitz, 1967) Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 The two subspecies are distinguishable as follows: - elytral interstices narrowly raised near striae (Fig. 13); usually double punctation of pronotum very sparse, smaller punctures nearly imperceptible; brownish elytral spot usually margined; shape relatively more convex. Length 5-6 mm. Central and southern West Europe (Hungary, Austria, Germany, northeastern Italy, France, Spain, Portugal), North Africa (Morocco) p. punctatosulcatus - elytral interstices not raised near striae (Fig. 12); usually double punctation of pronotum denser, smaller punctures distinct; brownish elytral spot slightly margined; shape relatively less convex. Length 4-5.5 mm. Northern and central-eastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Middle East, Northern and Central Asia (east to Transbaikalia) p. hirtipes Melinopterus stolzi (Reitter, 1906) comb. nov. Aphodius (Melinopterus) stolzi, Dellacasa, 1983: 315. Material examined - Edirne Province: Suloglu, 23.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Distribution - Southern and eastern Europe (Italy, Corsica, Croatia, Albania, Greece); Asia Minor. Chorotype - Northern E-Mediterranean. Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 542 exx.; Suloglu, 09-05.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 14 exx.; Uzunkoprii, 18.04.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; Kirklareli Province: igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 8 exx.; inece, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 94 exx.; Pinarhisar, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx. Distribution - Central and southern Europe; Asia Minor; Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan; China; North Africa (Morocco, Algeria). Chorotype — Central Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian extension. Bionomy — Occurring in spring, summer, and autumn, mainly in summer. Oligotopic; preferring humid and open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Usually coprophagous, mostly in horse dung; sometimes necrosaprophagous (under small mammal bodies) or phytosaprophagous (in vegetal decaying matters). Attracted to light. Rather frequent. Nimbus contaminatus (Herbst, 1783) Aphodius (Nimbus) contaminatus, Dellacasa, 1983: 349. Material examined — Edirne Province: Suloglu, 09.10.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 244 exx.; Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 12.10.1993, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 3 exx.; Kirklareli env., 30.09-1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 51 exx. Distribution - Europe; Asia Minor, Near East. Chorotype - European with Anatolian extension. Bionomy - Occurring all year round; mainly in autumn. Oligotopic; preferring open areas. Occurring from 500 to 2000 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in horse dung. Common. Otophorus haemorrhoidalis (Linne, 1758) Bionomy — Occurring all year round, mainly in early spring. Probably stenotopic, exclusive to dry and open Otophorus haemorrhoidalis, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 221. areas. From sea level to 500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, Material examined — Edirne Province: Suloglu, mostly in horse dung. Usually rare and localized. 09.05-1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, Remarks — The species is reported from Libya (Tripo- 09.10.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 2 exx.; Kirklareli lis, V. 1928) by Miksic (1959), but this record needs to Province: Demirkoy, 12.10.1993, Dellacasa G., E. & M. be confirmed. leg., 1 ex.; igneada, 30.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg, 1 ex.; Kofcaz, 29-07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Vize, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Tekirdag Province: Nialus varians (Duftschmid, 1805) Cerkezkoy, 23.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; Hayrabolu, 24.09.1986, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex. Nialus varians, Dellacasa et al, 2001: 207. Distribution — Europe (from the Iberian Peninsula to Material examined — Edirne Province: Haskoy, European Turkey, north to Finland); Asia Minor; central 11.06.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex.; ipsala, and eastern Asia (up to Siberia); North Africa (Morocco 24.04.1992, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 4 exx.; Kesan, and Algeria). Imported into Northern America (Canada 16.07.1987, Kirgiz T. leg., 4 exx.; Pasayigit, 28.05.1989, and U.S.A.) and meso-America (Mexico). 80 M. DELLACASA, T. KIRGIZ Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Chorotype — Asiatic-European with Maghrebinian ex- Russia; Asia Minor; northern and central Asia (east to Siberia); from Mexico to Canada. tension. Chorotype - Holarctic. Bionomy - Occurring all year round, mainly in late spring and summer. Eurytopic. From sea level to 2500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, rarely in human faeces, sometimes under bodies. Common. Bionomy — Occurring all year round. Eurytopic; with some preference for open areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Phalacronothus biguttatus (Germar, 1824) Pseudacrossus suffertus(Schmidt A., 1916) comb. nov. Aphodius (Phalacronothus) biguttatus, Dellacasa, 1983: 375. Aphodius (Pseudacrossus) suffertus, Dellacasa, 1983: 397. Material examined - Edirne Province: Edirne env., 07.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 1 ex.; ibidem, 17.04.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 5 exx.; Suloglu, 23-24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 2 exx. Material examined - Kirklareli Province: Kirklareli env., 30.09.1990, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Distribution - Central and southern Europe; Asia Minor; Turkmenistan; North Africa (Morocco). Chorotype — S central-European with Turanian and Maghrebinian extensions. Distribution - Southern Italy, Sicily, Greece, Turkey, Syria. Chorotype - E-Mediterranean with extension to southern Italy and to Sicily. Bionomy — Occurring in autumn. Stenotopic; exclusively in sandy and open areas. From 500 to 1500 m Bionomy — Occurring in spring, and summer, mainly a.s.l. Polyphagous: mostly phytosaprophagous but somein spring. Oligotopic; preferring dry and open areas. times coprophagous feeding in cow dung. Very rare. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in Remarks — The specimens collected pertain to the sheep dung. Uncommon. nominotypical subspecies. The shortened and apically obliquely truncate inferior apical spur of middle tibia in Phalacronothus quadrimaculatus (Linne, 1761) males, as well as aedeagal and epipharyngeal features, confirm its systematic position among Pseudacrossus, as Phalacronothus quadrimaculatus, Dellacasa et al., established by Dellacasa (1983). 2001: 241. Material examined — Edirne Province: Suloglu, 20.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 4 exx.; ibidem, 23.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Trichonotulus scrofa (Fabricius, 1787) Trichonotulus scrofa, Dellacasa et al, 2001: 294. Distribution - Europe; Asia Minor; Kazakhstan, western Siberia; North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia). Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env., 26.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 9 exx.; Musabeyli, 09.05.1992, Chorotype — Sibero-European with Maghrebinian ex- Kirgiz T. leg., 2 exx.; ibidem, 22.05.1992, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx.; ibidem, 26.05.1991, Kirgiz T. leg., 9 exx.; tension. Suloglu, 20.04.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 3 exx.; Bionomy - Occurring in spring and early summer. ibidem, 09.05.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 33 exx.; Oligotopic; preferring open areas. From sea level to ibidem, 23-24.05.1991, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 24 exx.; 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep dung. Un- ibidem, 08.06.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 2 exx.; common. Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 10.05.1997, Dellacasa G., E. & M. leg., 1 ex.; igneada, 26.051989, Dellacasa G. & Remarks - The specimens collected belong to the E. leg., 2 exx.; inece, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., eastern form quadrisignatus (Brulle, 1832). 2 exx. Planolinus vittatus (Say, 1825) comb. nov. Aphodius (Planolinus) vittatus, Dellacasa, 1983: 390. Distribution — Europe (north to Finland); Asia Minor; central and eastern Asia (to Korea); North Africa (Morocco). Introduced into North America (Canada and U.S.A.). Material examined — Edirne Province: Edirne env., Chorotype — central Asiatic-European with Maghrebi10.09.1990, Kirgiz T. leg., 3 exx.; Suloglu, 24.05.1991, nian extension. Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 1 ex. Bionomy - Occurring in spring and summer, mainly Distribution - Romania, Greece (Aegean Islands), in spring. Oligotopic; preferring dry, sandy and open RECORDS OF APHODIINAE FROM EUROPEAN TURKEY 81 areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous, mostly in sheep dung. Common. Volinus Sticticus (Panzer, 1798) Volinus sticticus, Dellacasa et al., 2001: 298. TABLE I - Chorotypes of species. Material examined - Kirklareli Province: Demirkoy, 01.05.1997, Dellacasa G , E. & M. leg., 16 exx.; igneada, 26.05.1989, Dellacasa G. & E. leg., 88 exx. Distribution - Northern and central Europe; Asia Minor; Turkmenistan. Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 Taxa widely spread in Holarctic Region Holarctic Planolinus vittatus Palearctic Calamosternus gmnarius Asiatic-European Acanthobodilus immundus (with Maghrebinian extension) Acrossus luridus (with Maghrebinian extension) Agrilinus sordidus Aphodius fimetarius (with Maghrebinian extension) Chilothorax distinctus Colobopterus erraticus (with Maghrebinian extension) Eupleurus subterraneus (with Maghrebinian extension) Melinopterusprodromus (with Maghrebinian extension) Melinopteruspunctatosulcatus (with Maghrebinian extension) Otophorus haemorrhoidalis (with Maghrebinian extension) Sibero-European Esymus pusillus Phalacronothus quadrimaculatus (with Maghrebinian extension) Central Asiatic-European Nialus varians (with Maghrebinian extension) Trichonotulus scrofa (with Maghrebinian extension) Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean Aphodius foetidus Bodilus ictericus Bodilus lugens Eudolus quadriguttatus Turano-European Coprimorphus scrutator (with extension to Macaronesia) Esymus merdarius Chorotype - European with Turanian extension. Bionomy - Occurring all year round; mainly in spring and autumn. Oligotopic; preferring shaded areas. From sea level to 1500 m a.s.l. Coprophagous. Common. Zoogeographical analysis The zoogeographical analysis is summarized in Table I. For zoogeographical purposes, the taxa are grouped following chorotypes defined in the works of VignaTaglianti et al. (1992, 1999). CONCLUSIONS Chorological categories with number of species and percentage are summarized in Table II. Grouping the chorological categories into main chorotypes, with wider significance, results in the values of Table III. From the listed data, the numeric predominance of widely distributed Holarctic species (62.9%) spread from the European Provinces through the Pontic Region and reaching, at least, the Turanian Lowland or up to Central Asia and Siberia is obvious. Among this group the largest number is represented by taxa occurring Taxa more or less widely spread in Europe European Nimbus contaminatus (with Anatolian extension) Volinus sticticus (with Turanian extension) S-European Euorodalus paracoenosus (with Anatolian extension) Eastern S-European Eudolus quadrinaevulus (with Anatolian extension) Lomphodius suarius (with Turanian extension) S-Centroeuropean Amidorus thermicola (with Turanian extension) Biralus satellitius (with Turanian and Maghrebinian extensions) Melinopterus consputus (with Anatolian and Maghrebinian extensions) Phalacronothus biguttatus (with Turanian and Maghrebinian extensions) Taxa more or less widely spread in Mediterranean Countries Mediterranean Labarrus lividus (with Anatolian extension) E-Mediterranean Alocoderus turbatus (with Turanian extension) Pseudacrossus suffertus (with extension to southern Italy and Sicily) Northern E-Mediterranean Melinopterus stolzi Table II - Chorological categories with number of species and percentage. Number % Holarctic Palearctic Asiatic-European Sibero-European Central-Asiatic-European Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean Turano-European European S-European Eastern S-European S-central-European Mediterranean E-Mediterranean Northern E-Mediterranean 1 1 10 2 2 1 2 1 2.9 2.9 28.5 5.7 5.7 11.4 5.7 5.7 2.9 5.7 11.4 2.9 5.7 2.9 Total 35 100.0 Chorological categories 4 2 2 1 2 4 Downloaded by [181.112.217.211] at 17:03 21 March 2014 82 M. DELIACASA, T. KIRGIZ world genus- group taxa of Aphodiinae. Mem. Soc. entomol. TABLE I I - zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Main chorotypes with number of species and percentItal., 79: 1- 482. age. Dellacasa G., Dellacasa M., Ziani S., (in press) - Taxonomie position of Aphodius turbatus Baudi, 1870 and systematic redefinition of Aphodius isikdagensis Balthasar, 1952. Ann. Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Bergamo. Main chorotypes N umber Dellacasa G., Pittino R., 1985 - Aphodiidae collected during a trip to Morocco, with description of a new species. Boll. Mus. reg. Sci. nat. Torino, 3: 65- 72. D önmez Y., 1990 - Trakya'nin Bitki coğrafyasi. II. Baski. Istanbul Holarctic 22 62.9 Univ. Yay., Istanbul, n. 3601, 276 pp. European 25.7 9 Fischer de Waldheim G ., 1844 - Spicilegium Entomographiae 11.4zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Mediterranean 4 Rossicae. Bull. Soc. imp. Nat., 17: 3- 144. Total Krell F.- T., 1991a - Die Identität von Aphodius hirtipes Fischer de 100.0 35 Waldheim, 1844. Reichenbachia, 28: 141- 144. Krell F.- T., 1991b - Restituierung und Designation des Hololectotypus von Aphodius (Melinopterus)punctatosulcatus Sturm, 1805. Spixiana, 14: 293- 300. Miksic R., 1959 - Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Scarabaeiden- Fauna north to central- northern Asia (31.3%). Taxa with Eurodes mediterraen G ebiets und der Balkanhalbinsel. Boll. Soc. entomol. Ital., 89: 39- 44. pean distributions but extended to Asia Minor and/ or North Africa are next in rank at 25.7%. Among these Reitter E., 1892 - Bestimmungs- Tabelle der Lucaniden und coprophagen Lamellicornen des palaearctischen F aunengebietes. taxa, those with a southern affiliation to the European Verh. Naturforsch. Ver. Brünn, 30: 140- 262. Provinces are dominant. The Mediterranean taxa repreRey C., 1890 - Remarques en passant. Échange, 6: 164. sent 11.4% of the total number; one of these, turbatus, Sturm J., 1805 - D eutschlands Fauna in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen. N ürnberg, 1: 1- 268. also occurs in the Turanian Lowland. Veiga C. M., 1985 - Consideraciones sobre hábitos de nocrofagia en algunas especies de Scarabaeoidea laparosticti paleárticas. Boll. Soc. Port, entomol., 1 (suppl.): 123- 134. REFERENCES Vigna Taglianti A., Audisio P., Belfiore C., Biondi M., Bologna M., Carpaneto G. M., De Biase A., D e Felici S., Piattella E., Racheli T., Zapparoli M., Zoia S., 1992 - Riflessioni di gruppo sui Ahrens D., Zorn C., 1996 - Interessante Scarabaeoidea- Funde aus corotipi fondamentali della fauna W- paleartica ed in particolare Marokko, mit Bemerkungen zur Taxonomie der Aphodius italiana. Biogeographia, 16: 159- 179. sphacelatus Panz.- G ruppe. Entomol. Nachr. Ber., 40: 11- 17. Vigna Taglianti A., Audisio P., Biondi M., Bologna M., Carpaneto Baraud J., 1992 - Coléoptères Scarabaeoidea d'Europe. France et G. M., De Biase A., Fattorini S., Piattella E., Sindaco R., Venchi regions limitrophes. Faune de Fr., 78: 1- 856. A., Zapparoli M., 1999 - A proposal for a chorotype classificaDellacasa G., 1983 - Sistematica e nomenclatura degli Aphodiini tion of the N ear East fauna, in the framework of the Western italiani. Monogr. Mus. reg. Sci. nat., Torino, 1: 1- 464. Palearctic region. Biogeographia, 20: 31- 59. Dellacasa G., Bordat P., Dellacasa M., 2001 - A revisional essay of