IC T IO L O G IA NEW FRESH-WATER FISHES FROM WESTE'RN COLOMBIA BY GEORGE DAHL (1) The fishes reported upon in this paper were collected in the rivers Atrato, San Juan and Baudo during an investigation forming part of the Plan Decenal de Choco , The work 'began on July 31st and ended about Christmas, 1959. Several thousands of specimens, including mainly fishes and aquatic reptiles, wera collected by the author, his colleague Dr. Fred Medem, Professor of Herpetology at the Universidad Nacional, and their assistants. The entire fish colection, insofar as it throws light on details of geographic distribution etc ., will be reported upon later. The author wishes to express his thanks to the following persons and entities: The Departamento de Planeacion y Servicios Tecnicos, and very specially to Dr. Miguel Fadul and Dr. Alberto Giraldo Jaramillo, for making the first plan for the investigation and Iatercollaborating in every possible way with the investigators : the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, and 'Very specially Dr. Jose Pablo Leyva, Dean of the Facultad de Ciencias N aturales, for extending the necessary leaves and giving assistance in every possible way : the earlier Governor of the Department of Choco, Dr. Demetrio Valdez Ortiz, and the actual Governor, Dr. Benjamin Ferrer Ibafiez, for collaboration and facilities given; the commander of Colombian Navy Station in Buenaventura, Tenierrte de Navio Eduardo Toro Uribe, for the loan of an alumin boat, when the expedition's 'launch got lost in a storm outside the mouth of Rio Baudo; (1) Professor Instituto of Ichthyology. de Ciencias Naturales, Uriiversidad Nacional de Colombia CALDASIA 452 YOLo YIII, No. DlCIEMBRE 39 20 DE 1960 the commander of A. R. C. «Andagoya», teniente de Corbeta Fernando Orjuela Castillo, and his crew, for hospitality and for their endeavours to recover the lost launch; Professor Dr. Fred Medem, to whom the author owes a debt of gratitude for specimens, as well as for firm, generous and loyal frienship; of the draMr. Octavio Bernal, for his painstakingpreparation wings for this paper; the assistants of the expedition, Mario Hurtado, Luis Samur and Oswaldo Garces, for good services rendered; a:1'lother persons who have in any way contributed to the results of the investigation. ORDO S U B -O R D O O S T A 'R IO P H Y S ,O ID E A N E M A T O G N A T H O ID E I F a m ily C e to p e id a e Genus Pseudecetepsls 1. - Pseudocetopsis BLEEKER bCI!Udoensis spec. 1862 nov. HOLOTYPE:a specimen 106.4 mm. skeletal length, collected at Quitasol, Baudo, November 20th, 1959. PARATYPES, 6, largest 241 mm., collected at Qu'itasol and Amparraido, Baudo, November 20th to 26th, 1959. DESCRIPTION:H ead 3.9- in standard length, greatest depth 5 in standard length. Eye '5% in head, slightly less than two in interorbital, 1.3 in snout. Distance from snout to dorsal origin 0.78 in length of anal base and 2.9 in standard length Distance between anterior nares slightly larger than between posterior ones. Snout projecting over lower jaw, so that the mouth is subterminal. D. i, 6; A. iv, 22; peet . i,9 - i, 9; pelv , i,5 - i,5, adnate to abdomen for more than half the length of the last ray. Dorsal and pectoral filaments just reaching pelvics. Body almost cylindrical anteriorly, laterally istr:on:gly compressed posteriorly. The following detailed measures were taken, here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: ,CALDASIA 454 YOLo YIII, No. 39 mCIEMBRE 20 DE Length of head. . . . . . .. . . . . Length of snout Vertical diameter of €;ye.. " . . Interorbital distance .. . . Width of head at 'pectoral insertion . . . . .. . . Greatest depth of body, . . . . .. .. . . Distance from point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin .. Distance from point of snout to beginning of anal fin .. « « « « « «anus. . .. .. .. .... .. « « « « ~ «pectoral insertion .. . ... « «' « « « «pelvic: insertion .. .. .. Length of dorsa'! fin base . . . . .. .. . . . . Length of anal fin base Length of caudal peduncle . . . . .. . . Least height of 'caudal peduncle . 1960 25.56 6.11 4.70 8.93 16.17 20.00 34.11 60.16 55.10 25.56 4 2.15 13. is 26.70 14.19 10.81 r DENTITION: Four lines of teeth on premaxillary. On vomer a median line of about 26 teeth, reaching past rictus. On each side an outer line of about four teeth. Lower jaw with 3 series of teeth near symphysis, diminishing to 2 series on the sides and fina'lly to a single series near rictus. GENERALCOLOR:bluish :grey above, yellowish to whitish below. F'ins unspotted, hyaline where not fleshy This specie's grows larger than most cetopsids, often reaching a pound or more. At the middle Baudo, where it is rather common, it is locally esteemed a:s a food fish and iscalled «anaya». It seems less sluggish than other cetopsids and is often caught on hook and line. This species is considerablycloser to P s . o t h o n o p s (EIGENMANN) from the Magdalena system than to its geographical neighfrom the Rivers Atrato and bour, P s . o s r u p h s t l o a a (EIGENMANN) San Juan. It differs from P s . o t h o n o p s in the larger head (3.19\..in standard 'length as against 4.5) in having pectoral fins i,9 as against i,'8 in o t h o n o p e - this seems to bea very constant character - in having the tail more strongly compressed laterally, in having a second row of teeth on vomer and four 'Jines of teeth on premaxillary instead of two. From P s . a m p h iL o x a it differs in having iv,22 anal rays as athe head larger, gainst iV,26, also in having the mouthsubterminal, and in severa[ other characters, / G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTElRN OOLOMBIA 455 FAMILYLORICARIIDAE S u b -fa m ily Genus 2.- P le c o s io m in a e IPSeUdaOl(lis~rus Pseudancistrus atratoensis spec. BLEEKER 1862 nov. Native name: «Cacucho». HOLOTYPE:a specimen, female, skeletal length 82 mm., collected at Quebrada La Neche, tributary to the upper Atrato,approximate height above sea level 550 m., on August 10th, 1959. ALLOTYPE:a specimen, male, skeletal length 61 mm., cal 'and date. same lo- PARATYPES:41, same local and date. 7, Quebrada La 16, aprox , 80 m. higher altitude, collected August 11th, 1959. DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE:Length of head from tip of snout to posterior termination of supraoccipital 3.08 in standard length. Greatest depth of body 6.55 in standard length. Vertical eye diameter 9 in length of head, 6 in snout, 2.73 in interorbital distance, Mandibular ramus very slightly less than interorbital distance. Greatest width of head 2/3 in greatest depth. Body very depressed forward, ius greatest depth in front of dorsal fin is not quite 1% least Pectoral fins pointed, only the first soft depth of caudal-peduncle. ray about the same length as the spine, which is 4 in standard length ; last ray only half'as long. D. 1,8; A. 1,3; pect. 1,6 - 1,'6; .pelv , 1,5 - 1,5. Longitudinal scutes 26; 10 between anal and caudal, 4 between dorsal and adipose. About 30 spines on interopercle, the longest reaching pectoral insertion. Pectoral spines with very short bristles near distal end, reaching 2/'5 of pelvic spines, which just reach beginning of anal fin. Caudal fin obliquely truncate. DESCRIPTION OF ALLOTyPE:Length of head from tip of 'snout to posterior termination of supraoccipital 2.7.1 in standard length Greatest depth of body 6.77 in standard length. Vertical diameter of eye 7.5 in length of head, 4.83 in snout, 2 in interorbital distance . Mandibular ramus slightly longer than interorbital distance. Greatest width of head 2 . 2 in greatest depth of body, which is still more depressed than in the holotype , ,CALDASIA 458 VOL. VIII, No. DICIEMBRE 39 20 DE 1960 D. 1,8;A. 1,3; Peet. 1,6 - 1,6; Pelv , 1,5- 1,5. Lower lateral scutes 23; 9 between anal and caudal, 5 between dorsal and adipose. About 2.5 spines on intcropercle,the longest reaching past third lateral scute. Snout which a great number of bristles, or rather, very slender spines (more tharn 100) the largest about 4 mm. Sides of head between the short bristles and the opercular spines with a large number of very short bristles. Pectoral spines bristly, specially so en their distal 1/3. Length of pectoral spine 2.67 in total 'length. Pectoral fins pointed, pelvies rounded. Pectoral spines reaching almost to tips of pelvic spines, which reach middle of anal. Last dorsal ray reaching past begi'nning of adipose spine. 'Pelvic insertions below third and fourth dorsal ray. Caudal obliquely truncate. Measures taken, expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Holotype Length of head .. .. . Verticat diameter of e,ye . . .. .. . Length of snout ., .. ,. .. . Interorbital distance .. Length of mandibular ramus .. Width of head . Depth of body .. . P9int of snout - beginning of dorsal f'in, Point of snout - beginning oifanal fin .. Point of snout - beginning of adipose fin Point of snout to anus . . Point cf snout to pectoral insertion . . .. . Point of snout to pelvic insertion . ... Length of dorsal fin base .. Length of anal fin base .. . Length of pectoral 'spine . . . . .. .. . Length of largest interopercular spine .. Length of caudal peduncle . Least depth of caudal peduncle .. . . . .. . . . 32.94 3.66 21.19,6 10.00 9.76 23.18 15.25 45.114 68.32 I f7 9 .9 1 . . .. . . .. . .. 58.56 28.06 46.3'D 23.6'7 2.44 30.50 11.00 29.28 10.98 Allotype 36.90 5.52 23.28 9.84 10.33 32.80 14.76 4'6.74 69.70 87.25 60.68 32.80 51.50 27.88 2.50 37.74 23.78 27.06 11.48 The rims of orbits are not elevated in females; in the males there isa broad ridge from top of snout to outer edges of orbits, the nares being situated on the ridge. The interorbital is flat, the area from eyes to nostrils convex. The mandibular ramus is slightly longer than the interorbital distance in males, slightly shorter in females. G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN COLOMBIA 459 Colour in females dark brown, in males brownish grey; all fins whith numerous dark spots on the rays, the membranes unspotted. This species would seem to be rather closely related to P s . (BOULENGER). As far as the author is aware, this is the s e io s u s first time any member of the genus P s e u d o m c i s i r u s has been found in the Atrato system. FAMILY ASTROBLEPIDAE Genus 3. - A s tr o b le p u s r e n g ifo i A s ,tr o b .!e p u s spec. HUMBOLDT 1805 nov. Native name: «Capitan». HOLOTYPE:a specimen, skeletal length 44 mm. collected in a small brook, tributary to the Atrato River on the left side, approx . 6 ks , above the town El Carmen de Atrato, on August 8th, 1959. PARATYPE:a specimen of 29 mm. and date. skeletal length, same place DESCRIPTIONOF HOLOTYPE:L ength of head 3 2/3 in skeletal length. Greatest depth, 6.3 in length. Eye 8 in head, 5.2 in snout, 2.33 in interorbital distance. Length of barbel Y2 the length of head; no nasal barbel. D. 1,£; A. 1,5; Pect. 1,9 - 1,10; Pelv, 1,4 - 1,4. Pectoral spines just reaching pel vies; pelvic tips not reaching'anus. Adipose fin a single spine, united by a membrane to the caudat peduncle, not reaching cauda1. No preadipose membrane or ridge. Observable lateral pores 23-24. Upper and lower jaw each with about 6 small pointed teeth on each side of mid-line. General colour olive brown, faintly mottled with yellowish . Measures of the holotype, expressed in hundredths of 'Skeletal length: 2 7 .2 t1 Length of head . . 3.41 Vertical diameter of 'eye. . . . .. .. . . 17.71 Length of snout .. .. 7.95 Interorbital distance .. 12.!J4 Postorbital length of head .. . . 15.89 Greatest depth of body . . 44.27 Point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin .. G. DAHL: FISHE'S FROM WESTERN 461 COLOMBIA Point of snout to beginning of anal fin Point of snout to beginning of adipose spine Point of snout to anus Point of snout to pectoral insertion Point of snout to pelvic insertion Length of dorsal base Length of anal base . . . . . . .. Length of dorsal spine Length of anal spine " Length of pectoral spine Length of barbel Length of upper caudal spine Length of lower caudal spine Length of caudal peduncle Least depth of caudal peduncle . . ., .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. 78.32 88.98 6'5.83 26.11 42.22 13.62 4.54 19.30 17.30 24.52 ]3.60 27.24 27.24 20.43 11.35 This species, the first found in the Atrato system, seems by its simg'le-pointed teeth and its adipose spine to be related to A . c u c t o piumand A . u n i [ i a s m a t u s , without really being close to either of these species. From its nearest neighbour, A . c i r r a i u s REGAN from the San Juan River, it differs among other characteristics in the lack of a preadipose membrane and ridge, in the lack of a nasal barbel, the total absence of short 'spines in the predorsal area, etc. Named r e n q i f o i in honour of Dr. Santiago Rengifo, in recognition of his ceaseles work for the advancement of biologic-al science in Colombia. S U B -O R D O C H A R A C IN O ID E I FAMILYCHARACIDAE S u b - f,a ,m il,y B r u c o n in a e Genus 'Brycon MULLiER et TROSCHEL 1844 4. - Br¥conmedem,j spec. nov. Native name: «Sabaleta». HOLOTYPE:a specimen, skeletal length 110 mm., Quebrada La Neche, upper Atrato, August 9th, 1959. PARATYPES:2 specimens, same local and date. collected in , G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN OOLOMBIA 4 specimens, Quebrada Ungula, tributary to lower Atrato, Sept. 18th, 19· 59. DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE: Length of head 3 V 2 in skeletal length. Greatest depth 3.2 in standard length. Vertical diameter of eye 4.76 in length of head to edge of opercle, 1.42 in snout, 1.35 in interorbital distance. Body strongly compressed laterally Base of dorsal fin about V 2 the length of anal fin, which is considerably shorter (about 1.4) than head. D. ii,9: A. iii,25 (iii,26 in oneparatype) ; Pect . i,12 - i,12; Pelv. i,7 - i,7. Scales along lateral line 4:9 (48 in one paratype) ; 8 between lateral line and dorsal, 4 between lateral line and pelvic insertion, 20 in front of dorsal fin (19 in one paratype) . DENTITION: lower jaw with 5 tricuspid, rather blunt teeth on each side cf symphysis, the fifth on'e abruptly smaller (deformed in some specimens) , Pair of canines at symphysis smal] but well-fermed , Maxillary with teethalo~g almost its entire length, about 20, the uppermost 8 somewhat larger and better formed than the lower ones. Premaxillary with about 8 teeth on each side' in outer series, about 3 on each side in second, and 7 in third series. Laterally, there are o!n:lytwc series near rictus. Gill-rakers on first arch 8 + 13. Colour (in the living specimen) ; Hack dark, sides silvery (with a more yellowish and duller sheen in the specimens from Ungula), belly white. Caudal spot irregular, not or very faintly continued all the middle caudal rays. A vestigial humeral spot,' almost a faint vertical bar in the 'specimens from La Neche, paling out with increasing size in the larger specimens from Ungula, which have the distal part of the pelvic fine.dusky , Anal fin dusky, more so as the specimens increase in size. The specimens froni' Ungula, being larger and from less swift . water, are generally more robust than those from La N oche , The following measures were taken on the holotypa anel on one paratype of 150 mm. skeletal length, from Ungula. They are here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Hclotype Length of head toedge of opercle . . .. .. Vertical diameter of eye .. Length of snout .. .. In terorbi tal distance . . Postorbital length of head .. Greatest depth of body . . ai 90 5 .7 3 9.55 9.10 114.10 30.90 Paratypo 2R.00 6.40 9.00 9.67 14.40 36.00 > o ~ G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN COLOMBiA Point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin .. Point of snout to beginning of anal fin .... Point of snout to beginning of adipose fin .. Point of snout to anus . . Point of snout to pectoral insertion . Point of snout to pelvic insertion . . Length of base of .dorsal fin .. Length of base of anal fin .. . . Length 0;£ caudal peduncle . . Least depth of caudal peduncle .. 55.50 66.36 85.73 64.09 30.27 51.55 12.00 22.90 16.36 9.45 58.00 67.80 86.70 64.34 26.'61 49.02 12.40 24.70 15.34 10.60 The dentition and the short anal fin of this species remind of (GUNTHER) andB. a t r i C 'a u d a t u s (KNEH), hut the much lower number of scales and several other characters put it well apart from those. Named m e d e m i in honour of Dr. Fred Medem, Professor of Herpetology at the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, in recognition of his great contributions to the knowledge of Colombian aquatic reptiles. B .a lb u r n u s 5. - IB r y c o n fOlvarlj spec. nov. Native name: «Sabaleta blanca». HOLOTYPE:a specimen, skeletal length 135 mm., collected at the mouth of Rio Sando, tributary to the Baudo, on November 28th, 1959. PARATYPE:4 smaller (immature) specimens from tributary to Baudo, November 24th, 19'59. Chigorodo, DESCRIPCION OF .fIOLOTYPE: Length of head to edge of opercle 4.22 in skeletal length. Greatest depth of body 3.1 in skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 3.2 in length of head, equals length of snout, 1.1 in interorbital distance. Body strongly compressed laterally. Length of base of dorsal fin 2.7 in length of base of anal fin, which is considerably longer than head. D. ii,9; A. iii,31; Pect. i,l1 - i,l1; Pelv , i,7 - i,7. Scalesalong lateral line 74 - 73. Scales between lateral line and dorsal fin 14, between lateral line and pectoral fin insertion 9, between supraoccipita'! and dorsal fin beginnmg Sfi. DENTITION:Lower jaw with four tricuspid teeth on each side of symphysis, the last tooth small and weak; followed by very small Ia- CALDASIA 466 VOL. VIII. No. 39 DICIEMBim 20 DE 1960 teral teeth. In the second line Ollie small, canine-like tooth on each side of symphysis. Maxillary with about 10 weak, more or less triangularteeth. Premaxillary with 4 series of teeth, the outer one with about 7 rather weak, tricuspid teeth on each side, followed by three regular lines of teeth, the hindmost one with the largest teeth. Between.the first and the second regular row there are 3-4 odd, irregular teeth, that might be understood as a fifth row. The upper jaw projects little if at all. Gill-rakerson first branchial arch 13 + 17 . Colour in the living specimen: Adult silvery, with pale bluish back; dorsal, 'anal and caudal fins slightly dusky. No humeral spot. Caudal spot obsolete, overlaid, very faintly continued on middle caudal rays. Immature specimens have a clearly visible, horizontally elongate, oval to rhomboid blackcaudal spot, but no humeral spot. The following measures were taker» on the holotype . They are here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Length of head to edge of operc1e Vertical diameter of eye . . . . . . .. Length of snout .. .. Interorbital distance Postorbital length of head Gr'eatest depth of body. . . . . . .. .. Point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin .. Point of snout to beginning of anal fin Point of snout to beginng of adipose fin. . . . . . .. Po,int of snout to · anus. .. .. ... .... .... .. Point of snout to pectoral insertion'........ Point of snout to pelvic insertion . . . . .. Length of base of dorsal fin. . . . . . .. .. Length of base of anal fin .. Length of ciaudal peduncle .. Least depth of caudal peduncle .. .. 23.68 7.40 7 . 40 8.14 9.99 32.19 54.76 63.64 85.8'4 62.16 24.719 46.17 11.77 30.71 14.0.5 9.32 (KNER), 'This species is 'apparently related to B . e t r i a t u i u » from which it differs in the 'weak teeth inthe lower jaw, the smaller head without strongly projecting upper jaw, and in having three lateral series of premaxillary teeth instead of two, not to mention some smaller characteristics. Named t o u a r i tn honour of Dr. Pablo Tovar Borda, of the Universidad N acional de Colombia. . . G. DAHL: FISHES S 1 ~ b -f a m i l y Genus 6. - H e m ib r y c o n FROM COLOMBIA 467 T e tr tu to n o p te r in a e Hemibrycon cOlrri''''oi spec. WESTERN GUNTHER 1864 nov. Native name: «Sardina». HOLOTYPE:A specimen 66.7 mm. skeletal 'length,collected in Quebrada La Noche, tributary to the upper Atrato, Augst2th, 1959. PARATYPES:O ne, skeletal length 48 mm., same local and date as holotype, 3, skeletal lengths 50 mm. 31 mm. and 29 mm., collected at Pavarando, Baudo system, November 23th, 1959. DESCRIPTIONOF HOLOTYPE:Length of head to edge of opercle 4.22 in skeletal length. Greatest depth of body 2.86 in skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 31/3 in length of head, 2/3 in length of snout, 1 1/'8 in interorbital distance. Base of dorsal fin 1.2 times longer than head; base of anal fin 1% times 'longer than base of dorsal fin. Length of maxillary bone equals diameter of eye , Anal fin beginning on a vertical Erne from 4th dorsal ray. Caudal fin scaled with much enlarged, almost flat to slightly cupped scales, on both lobes, to: more than half its length in holotyps (less than 'half its length in smaller specimens). Ventrals not reaching anal by an eye diameter. D. ii,7; A. ii,25; Pect. i,ll - i,12; Pelv . i,7 - i,7; 40 scales along lateral line, 7 between lateral line and dorsal fin, 5 between lateral line and pelvic insertion, 14 between supraoccipital and beginning of dorsal fin. DENTITION:Lower jaw with 4 tricuspid teeth on each side of symphysis, the fourth notably smaller, followed by a series of very smail teeth on the side of the jaw. Maxillary with about 12 tricuspid teeth, the 4 uppermost inside and the ethers on the edge of the bone. Premaxillary bout 5 small teeth om each side in the outer series, and 4 still ones in the inner series. . Gill-rakers on the first branchial arch 7 + 12 (7 + 13 in on the with asmaller one pa- ratype) . Colour in the living specimen: back bluish, sidles brilliant si lvery, with a faint and narrow vertical humeral stripe. Caudal spot beginning on middle of caudal peduncle, brilliant black, broadly continued Q) P.. >, ...., ....... 0 ~ :> 0 >== 0 Q) ;s .'" .s ...., .'"{: es <.;) ~ 8 , ~ s, ..c .'" ~ <l.l ~ G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WEJSTEJRN OOLOMBIA 169 as a band to the ends of the middle caudal rays. Under side white. The following measures were taken on the holotype, here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Length of head to edge of opel'de .. Vertical diameter of eye. . . . .. . . Length of snout . Interorbital distance .. Postorbital length of head . . Greatest depth of body . . Point of snout to origin of dorsal fin . . . . .. . . Point of snout to origin of anal fin . . Point of snout tOOirigen of adipose fin .. . . Point of snout to anus . . Point of snout to pectoral insertion .. Point of snout to pelvic insertion .. Length of base of dorsal fin . . Length of base of anal fin . . Length of caudal peduncle . . Least depth ofcaudal peduncle . . . .. .. . . Reminds to a certain degree of BRAND, from which it differs a) b) c) d) e) f) H. a c t r i e 'r n s i s i 22.50 6.75 4.50 8.25 10.95 36.30 49.9'5 60.00 84.00 57.61 23.98 43.50 27.32 33.90 28.50 27.00 MEEK et HILnE- In tne length of the maxillary bone, 1.0 in eye diameter instead of 0.7, with 12 teeth instead of 6-10; lIn the much narrower interorbital space, 1.22 asagainstz ,8 or more; lin true number of Iongitudinal rows of scales, 15 in c a r r i l l o i as against 17 in d a r i e n s i s , In having the beginning of 'anal ona vertical line from 4th to 6th dorsal ray instead of under posterior rays : In having 12 - 13 gill-rakers on the lower branch'iat arch instead of 10; In the shorter ventrals, not reaching a~nialfin by an eye diameter instead of just reaching it. The specimens from Baudo show certain minor differences. The caudal peduncle is slenderer, the anal begins under the 5th or 6th dorsal ray instead of under the 4th,. Still, these small discrepancies may well be due to differences in size and age, and anyway 'Seem insufficient for the making of any taxonomic distinction between the two populations. -r I Q) A >, ""'"0 ....,. 0 ::r: ~ 0 -=: <:.) Q) ~ "-' OS ....., ~ ."" -e d .... ..., ."" l "-' ;S ~ ."" .... , 'l:l ~ es :;:: 0 Q ~ ~ G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN COLOMBIA Named c a r r i l l o i in honour of Dr. J orga Carrillo, director of the Fisheries Department in the Colombian Ministry of Agriculture, in recognition of his enthusiastic work in defence of the Colombian fauna. Genus !Bry'co,na'me'rj,cus .7., - IBr'Y'cono'mericu,s ,muHira!diia'tuiS spec. EIGENMANN 1907 nov. HOLO'rYPE:A specimen of 27 mm. skeletal length,coUeted in a small brook in front of the village Riosucio, lower Atrato on September 8th, 19'59. PARATYPES: 4, approximately the same size, collected at the me place and date as the holotype . S;t- DESCRIPTIONOF HOLOTYPE:Length of head to edge of opercle 4.15 in skeletal length . Greatest depth of body 3.5 in skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 2.7 in length of head, 0.75 in length of snout, 0.9 in interorbital space. Dorsal base somewhat longer than head, anal base very long, more than 3 times longer than dorsal base, approximately 2 2/3 in standard length. D. ii,S; A. ii,33; Pect . i,9 - i,9; Pelv. i,7 - i,7. Scales along latoral line 35; between lateral line and dorsal fin 6; between lateral line and pelvic insertion 5; between end of supraoccipital and beginning of dorsal fin 16. DENTITION: Lower jaw with 3 large and strong tricuspid teeth on each side of symphysis, abruptly followed by much smaller teeth. Maxillary with one or two small tricuspid teeth near upper angle " Premaxillary with 4 tricuspid teeth in outer and 4 in inner series on each side . Gill-rakers 4+9, on first branchial careh . Colour, in the 'living specimen, silvery, with scattered chromatophores on back and tail. No humeral spot. An horizontafly oblong caudal spot,continued to end of middle caudal rays. The following measures were taken on holotype, and are hen> expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: 24.05 Length of head to edge of opercle . . 8.88 Vertical diameter of eye . . 6.6'6 Length of snout " . 8.14 Interorbital distance. . . . . . .. .. . . 10.00 PostorbitalIength 9f head • . •. ,... . . . . .. .... . " CALDASIA 472 VOL. VIII. No. 39 DICIE,MBRE 20 DE 1960 Greatest depth of body. . . . .. 28.49 Point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin , 48.10 Point of snout to beginning of anal fin .. 54.02 Point of snout to beginning of adipose fin .. 81.40 Point of snout to a,llUS.. . . .. .. 51. 43 Point of snout to pectoral insertion 25 ..90 Point of snout to pelvic insertion 44.77 Length of base of dorsal fin .. 1'1.10 Length of base of anal fin .. 37.37 Length of caudal-peduncle .. .. 14.80 9.25 Least depth of caudal peduncle This species seems to be rather remote from all other members cf the genus hitherto found in Colombia. N amed m u l t i r o d i a t u e by reason of the very large number of rays in the anal fin. S u b -fa m ily Genus a. Vertical diameter of eye 1.8 or more in interorbital distance. Gill-rakers on first branchial arch 6 + 8, thorn-like teeth on siEIGENoMANN of lower jaw 6 P . s a d in a ,Vertical diameter of eye 1.4 or less in interorbital distance. Gill-rakers on f'irst branchial arch -5+ 11, thorn-like teeth on sides of lower jaw 3, scales 12/57 - 59/11 ... P . · a l b , a spec. nov. Gil-rakers '0111. first arch 8 - 13; thorn-like teeth on side of lower jaw 5, scales 11/63-64/8 ... P . p u ic h r o . spec. nov. 8. - of th e 1913 to bb. s p e c ie s EIGENMANN K ey aa. b. th e Parastremma R h o a d s in a e g ,e : n ~ ~ P a r a s ir e m m a : P;a'rastremma 'puJ.chra spec. Native name: nov. «Sardina». HOLOTYPE: a specimen of 100 mm. skeletal lerrgthvcollected Becordo, Rio San Juan, on November 7th, 1959. at one, skeletal length 53 mm., collected at Noanama, San Juan, orr November 8th, 1959. ,FARATYPE: DESCRIPTION 4 .1/16. Greatest OF HOLOTYPE: Length of head in skeletal length depth of body in skeletal length 3. Vertical diame- 474 CALDASIA VOL. VIII. No. 39 DICIEMBRE 20 DE 1960 tisr of eye 3.85 in length of head, 1.23 in length of snout, 1.4 in interorbital distance. Body robust. Dorsal fin rays much prolonged, the 2nd and 3rd longest, reaching 'caudal fin. Adipose well developed, its proximal part a fleshy lobe, its distal part membranaceous, semitransparent. D. ii,8; A. iii,28; Pect , i,13 - i,12; Pelv. i,7 - i,7. Scales along latsralIine 63; scales between lateral line and dorsal 11, between supraoccipital and beginning of dorsal fin 25. Dorsal base short, 1.71 in length of head; anal base rather long, 1.4 times length of head. % of skeletal length. Longest dorsal rayslightly morathan DENTITION:Lower jaw, on each side of symphysis, with 5 welldeveloped, 7-pointed teeth, then one smaller tricuspid tooth, followed en the elevated part of the side of jaw by 5 strong, backward-curved, single-pointed, thorn-like teeth, the third etrongest . Maxillary with 2 small tricuspid teeth at the upper angle and 14 strong, spike-like teeth alcng its edge. Premaxillary on each side with 2single-pointed, slightly backward-curved teeth in outer line, penetrating lip; inn'sr line with 5 seven-pointed teeth on each side. Gill-rakers on first branchial tarch 8+13. Colour, in the living specimen: silvery, back darkish along midline. No humeral spot. No caudal spot. Rays of dorsal, mid-caudal and anal dusky, specially on distal parts. No lateral streak. The para type differs in having 'a well-defined roundish black caudal spot, 'and the fins are not dusky. There are very faint signs of two vertical humeral spots. The dorsal rays are not yet prolonged. This specimen is immature. The holotype isa male. • The following measures were taken on holotype, and are here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Length of 'head to edge of cpercle . . . . .. 'Vertical diameter of eye ........ Length of snout Interorbital distance Postorbital length of head .. . .. : Greatest depth of body Point of snout to dorsal fin beginning . .. Point of snout to beginning of anal fin . . . . .. Point of snout to beginning of adipose fin . . . . .. Point of snout to anus . . . . . . .. Point of snout to pectoral insertion .. Point of snout to pelvic insertion 24.0 6.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 3:4'.0 49.5 60.5 81.5 58.0 25.0 45.1 G. DAHL: FISHES FROM Length of base of dorsal fin Length of base of anal fin Length of caudal peduncle Least depth of caudal peduncle Longest dorsal ray. . . . .. Named 9. - p u lc h r a name: COLOMBIA . . . .. J75 .. .. 14.0 33.7 11.0 11 .0 51.4 because of its elegant form. Pa'ra:stre-mm'c'a!jba spec. Native WESTEIlN nov. «Blanca». HOLOTYPE:A male specimen, skeletal length 95 mm., from Rio Sando, Baudo, collected November 29th, 1959. ALLOTYPE:a female specimen, skeletal length Chigorcdo, Baudo, collected November 24th, 1959. 80 mm., from P ARATYPE:one, skeletal length 93 mm. same place and date as holotype . DESCRIPTIONOF HOLOTYPE:L ength of head to edge opercle 4 1/6 in total length. Greatest depth of body approx , 2 lf2 in total skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 2.86 in length of head, equal to length of snout, 1.11 in interorbital distance. Body much 'compressed laterally. Adipose fin as in P . p u l c h m i , Dorsal rays little prolonged. D. ii,8; A. iii,28; Pect. i,13 - ? (damaged); Pelv. i,7-i,7. Dorsal base short, 1. '64 in length of head 2.35 in length of dorsal base . Scales along lateral line 58, between lateral line and dorsal fin 12, between lateral line and pelvic fin insertion 11, between supraoccipital land beginnning of dorsal fin 24. The slightly prolonged dorsal ray'S do not reach adipose fin. DENTITION: Premaxillary with 2 teeth on each side in outer line. These teeth are curved, 'Single-pointed, penetrating lip. Inner line with 6 rounded seven-pointed teeth on each side of mid-line. Maxillary with 2 smaller, 7-:pointed teeth near upper angle and 10 small, single-pointed teeth along its border Lower jaw with 6 seven-pointed, broad teeth om each side of symphysis, followed by 3 rather strong, backward-curved, single-pointed, thorn-like teeth on raised side of jaw. Coloration; spot irregular, two vertical, extremely faint humeral spots; caudal overlaid. No lateral streak. Unpaired fins dusky. G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN COLOMBIA ALLOTYPE: differs from holotype in the following: eye in interorbital distance 1."2; greatest depth of body 2.35 in skeletal length. The dorsal rays are not prolonged. Pectoral fin rays i,l1 - i.Ll ; lateral line scales 59; predorsal scales 25. Gill-rakers in both specimens 5 + 11. The allotype has We vertical humeral spots somewhat more pronounced, a round blackcaudal spot, not continued on middle caudal rays, and a faint dark lateral streak. Fins hyaline. Dentition as im holotype. The following measures were taken and are here expressed in hundredths of skeletal length: Holotype Allotype Length of head to edge of opercle ..... , 24.05 Vertical diameter of eye . . .. . . .. .. 8.40 Length of snout .. 8.40 Interorbital distance .. 9.35 Postorbital length of head .. 10 . 82 Greatest depth of body .. 40.11 Point of snout to origin dorsal fin 53.03 Point of snout to origin of anal fin 61.58 Point of snout to adipose fin origin .. 82.68 Point of snout to anus 58.21 Point of snout to pectoral fin insertion .. .. 24.84 Point of snout to pelvic fin insertion .... .. 44.63 Length of base of anal fin 34.60 Length of base of dorsal fin . . . . .. 14.70 Length of caudal peduncle 9.45 Least depth of caudal peduncle 11.03 Longest dorsal ray 28 . 35 Named a l b a because of its whitish sheen when taken out water; is is called «blanca» by native fishermen. S u b - f a m ily Genus 10. - N o n o s to m a tm a e C h a r a c id illm IC h a r a lO i'd iu 'm s a .n d jo h a 'n n i 23.75 . 8. 00 8 . 00 9.81 10 . 00 42.51 55.00 55.00 87.50 58.75 25.00 46.00 35.25 15.65 10.25 12.00 27 .50 of the spec. R E IN H A R D T 1866 nov. One specimen of 46.5 mm. skeletal length, collected at Noamama, Rio San Juan, November 3rd, 1959. This is the only specimen as yet known. HOLOTYPE: G. DARt: FISHES FROM WESTERN COLOMBIA DESCRIPTION: Length of head to edge of opercle 4.23 in skeletal length; Greatest depth of body 3.6- in skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 3.3. in head, equal to length of snout, 0.9 in interorbital . Rather robust. Mouth terminal, teeth with a latera'! 'lobe. D. ii,9; A. ii,8; Peet. iii,8 - iii,8; Pelv . 'i,8 - i,8. Scales alorrg lateral lillie 37; between lateraj line and dorsal fin 4 lf2; between lateral line amd pelvic fin insertion 4 %; between supraoccipital and beginning of dorsal fin 11. Gill-rakers obsolete. COLOUR: bade dark, sides yellowish. A rather faint dark longitudinal bar, continued on head; crossed by ten darker vertical stripes. A dark spot on caudaj peduncle, not continued on caudal rays. Dorsal and caudal dusky. The following dredths of skeletal I measures length: were taken, here . Length of head to edge of opercle Vertical diameter of eye . . .. Length of snout Interorbital distance Postorbital length of head . . Greatest depth of body Point of snout to begininng of dorsal fin . . . . .. Point of snout beginning of anal fin . . . . .. . Point of snout to beginning of adipose fin .. Point of snout to anus . . . . .. . Pcint of snout to pectoral insertion .. . . .. .. Point of snout to pelvic insertion . . . . . . .. Length of base of dorsal fin . .. . Length of base of anal fin Length of caudal peduncle .. Least depth of caudal peduncle ,.... :... expressed in 'hun. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . 23.7,6 7.13 7.13 6.26 '12.36 29.Hi 45.79 73.44 82.94 70.85 20.72 53.35 15.36 9.32 19.44 12.10 EIGENMANN, This form is close to C h a r a c i d i u m . c a u e a n u m from which it differs in having more rows of scales ; 37 longitudinal as against 32-35, 9 vertical against 7-7lf2; also in having only 2 undivided rays in dorsal and anal fin instead of 3. The head is also smaller , It is possible that, when a more ample material can be studied, this will be found to represent a g'eographical subspecies of Ch . c ,a ,u c la n u m . .As far as tih,e author is 'aware, 'this is the first time that any member of the genus C h a r o c i d i u m . has been found in the Pacific dra- ,CALDASIA inage of Colombia. C h . Atrato . Named s a m c t i o h a n n i VOL. VIii, No. 39 biciEMBRE 20 DE 1960 LUTKEN is not uncommon in the j1 a s c iJ a tu m for tne San Juan River O IR D O P · E R C O M O R P H O IC E A Genus 11. - S U B -O R D O P E R C O ID E I F a m ily C ic ih lid ;2 e IOi1dhllialsoimo iCic:hl'orso'm'a m'icroll'e-pis 'spec. Native name: «Mojarra SWAINSON 1833 nov. rosada». HOLOTYPE: a specimen, 188 mm. skeletal lengthvcollected at Pavaramdo, Baudo, November 23rd, 1 !}59.. 1 'PARATYPE:One, skeletal length 1'58 mm., same place and date. DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE:Length of head in skeletal length 3. 1. Greatest depth of body 2.33 in skeletal length. Vertical diameter of eye 5 in length of head, 2.44 in llength of snout, 2 in irrterorbita.l distance Body robust, laterally compressed, dorsal profile more convex than ventral. D. XV1,12 (XiV,13); A. V,9 (V,9); Pect . ii,15 - ii,15 - (i,15 i,15) : Pelv, 1,6 - 1,6 0,6 - 1,6). Scales in a latera.l series 52 (50) '; scales between upper lateral line-and soft dorsal 5 (5); scales between bentdown point of upper lateral line and lower lateral line t1 (4) .Numbers within brackets refer to paratype, Pelvic 'spine with a . soft prolongation, somewhat longer than spine. . Teeth conical, those in the middle' of the upper jaw largest, ye[lowish with dark brown points. Gill-raker's 3+9 (3+9) on the first branchial 'arch. Lower lip very broad, reversed, its reversed part about 2/3 as broad as eye, Caudal fin truncate- rounded . Colour, in the living specimen : backand sides mottled bronze, with many narrow, wavy lines of bright red to rose longitudinally along sides" between groups of striae on scales: under parts mostly bright red. Sides with 6 darkish cross-bands, A largo black spot, CO'11siderably larger than eye, under last hard spines of dorsal; in front of jt smaller, part-ly confluent spots to upper edgs of opercle. A 482 CALbASIA VOL. VIII. No. 39 bICIEMBRE 20 DE 1960 small, ill.. defined, vertical black spot at base of caudal. Pectoral fins plain, roseate in the living specimen; all other fins m ottled The following measures were taken on the holotype, here expressed in 'hundredths of skeletal 'length : Length of head to edge of opercle .".... .... 32.24 Vertical diameter of eye. . . . .. "... 6.65 Length of snout. " 16.22 Interorbital distance . . . . . . .. .. 13.40 Postorbital length of head . .. ". . " 13.83 Greatest depth of body. . . . . . .. 42.9'9 Point of snout to beginning of dorsal fin .. 41.76 Point of snout to beginning of anal fin . . . . .. 65.96 Point of snout to anus. . . . .. 61.70 Point of snout to pectoral insertion 33.67 Point of snout to pelvic insertion 40.16 Length of base of dorsal fin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58.51 Length of base of anal fin. . . . .. .23.24 Length of'caudal peduncle ,. 17.87 Least depth of caudal peduncle .. 14.36 .. 4.36 Width of reversed part 'of lower lip Length of soft prolongation of pelvic spine 18.08 This species is very easily distingushed from all other Colombian and Panaman members of the genus C i c h l a e o m a by reason of the very small 'Scales, 50 '0'1'm ore in a longitudinal series. Most of the species have rub-out30-32 scales; only C . t u u r e n s e MEEK et HILDEBRAND, from the Tuyra and Bayano basins of Panama, has a.:a many as 40 scales between the edge of the opercle and the base of the caudal fin. Named m ic r o le p ie by reason of its very smatlscales. R esum en Los peces aqui describes forman parte de una coleccion hecha en los rfos Atrato San Juan y Baudo, en el Departamento del Chod6, durante Ia ssgunda mitad del afio 1959. Varies miles de peces fueron rec01lelctados, como parte de los estudios ictiologicos hechos para el plan decenal del Choco. La coleccion 'S€' halla todavia en estudio, y una obra mas extensa sabre ella se publicara mas tarde. Adurante e1 estuqui se doscriben once f'ormas nuevas, descubiertas dio , EI autor expresa su agradecirniento para con las personas y entidades quienes hicieron posible la investigaciorr cientifica y colabo- G. DAHL: FISHES FROM WESTERN 483 COLOMBIA raron en dif'erentas modes para obtener los resultados. Cuatro de las especies nuevas para 'la ciencia han sido dedieadas aeiudadanos colombismosds notable merito en el avanzamiento de los conocimientos biologicos en :Colombia: D r . Fred Modem, D r . Santiago Rengifo y D r . Pablo Tovar Borda de la Universidad N acionaj de Colombia, y D r . Jorge Carrillo, Director del Departamento de Piscicultura, Pesca y Caza del Ministerio de Agricultura. B ib r io g m p h y BOULENGER. G. A. 1877.- BOULENGER. On New Siluroid Fishes from Colombia. Hist. London, (5) XIX, pp. 348-3150. G. Mag. Nat. A. 19;02.- BOULENGER. Ann. G. Description Mag . Nat. 0.£ Two New Fishes of the Genus L o r i c a r i a . Ann. Hist. London (7) IX, pp. 69-71. A. 1911.- Description of Three New Characinid Fishes from Southrn Colom bia Ann. M ag, Nat. Hist. London (8) VII, pp. 212-213. rweste DAHL. G. EIGENMANN. OGLE 1958.- Los peces del Rio Sinu , In forme preliminar. cultura- Monteria. J unio 1958. C. et H. Secr. Agri- F. 1907.- E:IGENMANN. c. An Annotated List of Characin F'ishes in ,the United States National Museum and in the Museum 0.£ Indiana University, with Descriptions of New Species. Proceedings U. S. Mus. XXXUI, 1907, pp. 1-36. H. 1912.- EIGENMANN. C. H. 1913.- E'IGENMANN. C. C. Some Results of an Ichthyological Reconnaisance of Colombia. P~rt. II. Indiana Univ. Studies No. 18. 1913. H. 1916.- EiIGENMANN. Some Results of an Ichthyological Reconnaisance of Colombia. Part. 1. Indiana Univ. Studies No. 16, 1912. New and Rare Fishes from South American Carnegie Mus. X , 191,6, pp. 77-80. Rivers. Ann. H. 191'7.- Eighteen New Species of Fishes from Northwestern America. Proceedings Arner , Phil. Soc. LVI, 1917, pp. 673-689. CALDASIA 484 EflG EN M AN N , C. VOL. VIII, No. DICIEMBRE 39 20 DE 1960 H. 1'9,2!Q. - The Fishes of the Rivers Draining the Western Slope of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia. Indiana U niv. Studies No. 46, 1920. E'IG EN M AN N , C. H. 19'2;2.- E!IG EN M AN N . The Freshwater Fishes of Northwestern .South America. Memoirs Carnegie Mus. Pittsburg, Vol. IX, No. 1. C. H. G. S. et MYERS. 191'7-19129.- The American Harvard. Vol. XLIII , Parts HILDEBRAND, S. Characidae. I-V. Mem . Mus. Compo Zool. F. 19138.- A New Catalogue 'Field Mus. Nat. No.4. of the Fresh-water Fishes of Panama. Hist. Chicago, ZaoL Series, VoL XXII, MEEK, S. E. et HILDEBRAND, S. 1916.- MILES. F. The Fishes of the F'reshwaters of Panama. Field Mus. Nat. IHist. Chicago, ZooL Series, Vol. X, NO'. 15. CECIL 19'417'.- Los Peces del RIO Magdalena. Bogota, 194'7. R EG AN . C. Min. Economia Naeional, T. 19m.191'4.- The Fishes of the San Juan River, Colombia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. London, (8) XII. Fishes from the Condoto River, Colombia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. London. (8) XIV.