ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2006, Vol. 86, No. 5, pp. 610–613. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2006. Original Russian Text © E.P. Nartshuk, 2006, published in Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 2006, Vol. 85, No. 8, pp. 1034–1037. SHORT COMMUNICATIONS A Supplement to the Grassfly Fauna of Japan (Diptera, Chloropidae) E. P. Nartshuk Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia e-mail: chlorops@zin.ru Received June 2, 2005 Abstract—Two new grassfly species, Gampsocera diversicolor closely related to G. tenuisinuosa Kanmiya, 1983 and Conioscinella subdivitis closely related to C. divitis Nartshuk, 1971, are described from Japan. Keys for the new species are given. Oscinisoma ussuriense Nartshuk, 1973, known in Primorskii Territory of Russia and Korea, was found in Japan (Honshu Island) for the first time. The genus Oscinisoma Lioy, 1864 was also first recorded in Japan. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873806050137 The family Chloropidae has been rather well studied (Kanmiya, 1983). A total of 143 species belonging to 53 genera were previously known in Japan. However, one more genus and three species of this family were found in the material collected by Belokobylskij in 1999 in Japan. Thus, the number of the chloropid genera known in Japan has increased up to 54, and that of the species, up to 146. In the present paper, Gampsocera diversicolor and Conioscinella subdivitis are described as species new to science, and the description of Oscinisoma ussuriense Nartshuk, 1973, previously known from the southern part of Primorskii Territory of Russia and Korea, is supplemented. The latter species is added to the group of species common for the Russian Far East and Japan, which also includes Elachiptera insignis (Thomson, 1869), Conioscinella divitis Nartshuk, 1973, Dicraeus nartshukae Kanmiya, 1971, Steleocerellus ensifer (Thomson, 1869), Chlorops (Asianochlorops) leymi Nartshuk, 1979, Cetema (Archicetema) necopinatum Nartshuk, 1973, Lasiosina orientalis Nartshuk, 1973, Semaranga dorsocentralis Becker, 1911, and Centorisoma ussuriense Nartshuk, 1973. The genus Oscinisoma Lioy, 1864 has been found in Japan for the first time. Oscinisoma ussuriense Nartshuk, 1973 Material. Japan, Honshu, “Pref. Jochigi, Nikko,” 02–03.X.1999 (Belokobylskij), 1 ♂, 1 ♀. The species was described from the southern part of Primorskii Territory (as far in the north as Gorno- tayozhnaya Station, 25 km SE Ussuriisk); it was recently found in Korea (Nartshuk, 2005). It is necessary to supplement the description of the species (Nartshuk, 1973). Notopleural setae 1+2. Apical setae of scutellum longer than scutellum. Setae of head black; setae of thorax, including scutellum, yellow. Gampsocera diversicolor Nartshuk sp. n. (figure, 1) Material. Holotype: ♂, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, “Pref. Okinawa, Is. Ishigaki,” forest, 20.X.1999 (Belokobylskij), deposited at Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Description. Body yellow, with black stripes and spots on thorax. Wing with bright yellow and black spots. Head yellow. Frons as long as wide. Ocellar triangle black, shining, with yellow basal stripe reaching anterior margin of posterior ocelli and interrupted by black ocellar tubercle. Setae of head black. Postocular and outer and inner parietal setae of equal length. Orbital setae 5, short, differing from hairs of pubescence of frons only in black coloration. Eye shortly, but densely pubescent. Gena narrower than fore tibia. Face, gena, and palp whitish. Occiput black, bearing triangular yellow spot with base as long as base of ocellar triangle and with apex pointing downwards and reaching middle of length of occiput. Antenna pale yellow. First flagellar segment emarginate at base with angular outer margin, 2.5 times as high as long. Arista slender, with long pubescence, black, with white median area. 610 A SUPPLEMENT TO THE GRASSFLY 611 Species of the genera Gampsocera Schiner and Conioscinella Duda: (1) G. diversicolor sp. n., (2) G. curvinervis (after: Becker, 1911), (3, 4) C. subdivitis, (5, 6) C. divitis [(1, 2) wing, (3, 5) frons, (4, 6) epandrium]. ENTOMOLOGICAL REVIEW Vol. 86 No. 5 2006 612 NARTSHUK Scutum shining, with 3 black longitudinal stripes merging in anterior part; median one nearly reaching scutellum, and distance from lateral ones to posterior margin of scutum about equal to width of scutellum along its anterior margin. Postalary tubercles with black spots. Scutellum and mesophargma black, shining. Abdomen black on segments I–IV; triangular spot at base of abdomen and its apical segments pale yellow. Pleura with 4 shining spots. Notopleural setae 1+2. Pubescence of thorax yellowish, dorsocentral and notopleural setae black. Haltere white. Wing with 1 bright yellow spot with rather smooth borders and with 2 black, sharply outlined spots. Yellow spot situated in middle part of cell r2+3 and adjoining large black spot at bend of vein R2+3. Large black apical spot occupying apical part of cell r4+5 and cells m, not reaching vein M1+2. Second smaller, elongate, black spot adjoining posteriorly vein M1+2 and not reaching vein M3+4. Vein R2+3 sharply curved in apical part and approaching to costal vein. Ratio of sections of costal vein 2 : 3 : 4 equal to 11 : 4 : 5. Apical part of vein M1+2 weakly curved, its apex running into apex of wing. Cross-vein r-m shifted toward base of posterior basal cell. Legs and sternite of prothorax yellow, base of hind tibia with very small darkened area before sensory spot. Body length 1.8 mm, length of wing 2 mm. Differential diagnosis. The species belongs to the G. curvinervis group comprising three species: G. curvinervis Becker, 1911, G. magnisinuosa, Kanmiya 1983, and G. tenuisinuosa Kanmiya, 1983. The males of these species are characterized by a sharp bend of the apical part of the vein R2+3 and by the presence of dark spots on the wings. The new species is most closely related to G. tenuisinuosa and differs from other species of this group in the coloration of the male wing. A Key to Males of Four Species of the G. curvinervis Group 1. Vein R2+3 sharply curved in apical half and approached to costal vein C (figure, 1, 2) ................... ................................. Group G. curvinervis group 2. —Vein R2+3 not bent sharply, smoothly approached to costal vein ............... Other species of Gampsocera. 2. Cell r4+5 with round black spot under bend of vein R2+3 (figure, 2) ..................................................... 3. —Cell r4+5 black in apical part, but without black round spots (figure, 1) ......................................... 4. 3. Vein R2+3 less sharply bent and less strongly approached to costal vein, wing without yellow or pale brown spots, 2 small black isolated spots present behind vein M1+2. Vein M1+2 weakly S-curved in apical part (figure, 2). Taiwan ............................. ................................... G. curvinervis Becker, 1911. —Vein R2+3 sharply bent and strongly approximate to costal vein. Cell r1+2 entirely filled with pale brown spot, black spots behind vein M1+2 absent. Vein M1+2 strongly S-curved in apical part. Japan, Kyushu and Amami Islands ............................................ ........................... G. magnisinuosa Kanmiya, 1983. 4. Apical part of cell r2+3 entirely filled with black spot, yellow spot present before this spot; apical half of cell r4+5 with black spot reaching vein R4+5. Elongate black spot present behind vein M1+2 (figure, 1). Japan, Ryukyu Islands ........................... .............................. G. diversicolor Nartshuk, sp. n. —Black spot in cell r4+5 not reaching vein R4+5. Black and yellow spots in cell r2+3 and black spots behind vein M1+2 as those in the preceding species. Japan, Ryukyu Islands .... G. tenuisinuosa Kanmiya, 1983. Conioscinella subdivitis Nartshuk, sp. n. (figure, 3, 4) Material. Holotype: ♂, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, “Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is.,” forest, 20.X.1999 (Belokobylskij). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 3 ♀, 12–15.X and 20.X.1999, same locality (Belokobylskij). Holotype and paratypes are deposited at the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Description. Head yellow. Frons as long as wide, matte, with short dense black hairs; orbital setae not distinguished by length. Postocular setae twice as long as hairs of pubescence of frons, converging. Outer parietal setae longer than, and inner parietal setae as long as postocular setae. Ocellar triangle small, but distinctly separated from surface of frons, slightly shining, but covered with fine pruinosity, yellow or slightly blackish; its base widely separated from eyes, and apex reaching middle of length of frons. Ocellar tubercle black. Gena narrow in anterior part, only slightly wider than diameter of tibia, slightly widened backwards. Vibrassal angle weakly projecting. Eye densely shortly pubescent. Occiput yellow or slightly blackish, pruinose. First flagellar segment large, rounded, yellow, with black stripe along outer margin. Basal antennal segments yellow. Arista black, shortly pubescent, as long as frons. Palp blackish. ENTOMOLOGICAL REVIEW Vol. 86 No. 5 2006 A SUPPLEMENT TO THE GRASSFLY Thorax mainly yellow, but scutum bearing 3 wide black longitudinal stripes, among which median one twice as wide as lateral ones; only 2 narrow yellowish, slightly deepened stripes remaining between black stripes. Postpronotum yellow. Scutellum blackish on upper side, only with narrow yellow margination. Scutum and scutellum pruinose. Mesophragma black and shining. Pleura with 4 black or brownish shining spots, spot on anepisternum black. Notopleural setae 1 + 2, short. Abdomen yellow at base; other tergites blackish, pruinose. Legs entirely yellow. Wing without pattern, longer than abdomen. Ratio of sections of costal vein 30 : 26 : 14 : 8. Anterior basal cell not widened, crossvein r-m situated behind middle of posterior basal cell. Posterior cross-vein oblique. Male genitalia. Cerci small, widely spaced. Surstyli narrow. Body length 2 mm, length of wing 2 mm. Differential diagnosis. The new species is closely related to C. divitis Nartshuk, 1971 and differs from it in the following characters: 1st flagellar segment larger; ocellar triangle short, but distinctly outlined; thorax mainly yellow, with wide black stripes on scutum; pleura with black spots; palp black; and structure of male genitalia different. C. subdivitis differs from the Oriental C. formosa Becker, 1911 in the short ocellar triangle and darker body. A Key to the Japanese Species of Conioscinella Duda, 1929 1. Ocellar triangle large, yellow, shining, reaching anterior margin of frons. Body yellow, with 3 reddish brown stripes on scutum. Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, Java, Hawaii ......... C. formosa Becker, 1911. —Ocellar triangle small, reaching only middle of length of frons, yellow and slightly darkened, or black, or not differing in coloration from rest surface part of frons (figure, 3, 5) ............................ 2. 2. Body black, shining; scutum uniformly covered with pale setae. Ocellar triangle black, shining; frons black at base. From Europe to Japan ............. ......................................... C. gallarum Duda, 1933. —Thorax mainly yellow, but upper side of scutum entirely gray or with wide gray stripes, not shining .............................................................................. 3. ENTOMOLOGICAL REVIEW Vol. 86 No. 5 2006 View publication stats 613 3. Ocellar triangle yellow or blackish, distinctly separated from rest surface of frons, narrow, reaching middle of length of frons (figure, 3). Scutum with yellowish narrow depressed stripes separating black longitudinal stripes with gray pruinosity. Male genitalia as in figure, 4. Japan, Ryukyu Islands ........................... C. subdivitis Nartshuk sp. n. —Ocellar triangle limited only by ocellar tubercle, black, with gray pruinosity; occipital part of frons with 2 black triangular pruinose spots (figure, 5). Scutum one-color gray. Male genitalia as in figure, 6. Eastern Mongolia, Amur Province, Primorskii Territory, Japan, Taiwan ................................... ........................................ C. divitis Nartshuk, 1971. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author is grateful to S.A. Belokobylskij for the supplied material. The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (05-04-63918, 05.04.48258), Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (NSh 1667–2003.4), the Programs of the Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences “Scientific Foundations of the Maintenance of Biodiversity in Russia” and “Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere,” and by the Program of Division of Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences “Fundamental Foundation for Control of Biological Resources.” REFERENCES 1. Becker, Th., “Chloropidae. Eine monographische Studie: III Teil. Die indo-australische Region,” An. Mus. Nat. hungarici 9, 35–170 (1911). 2. Kanmiya, K., “A Systematic Study of the Japanese Chloropidae (Diptera),” Proc. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 11, 370 (1983). 3. Nartshuk, E.P., “New Grassfly Species (Diptera, Chloropidae) in the Palaearctic Fauna,” Entomol. Obozr. 52 (1), 215–227 (1973). 4. Nartshuk, E.P., Grassflies (Diptera, Chloropidae) of South Korea, with a Review of Species of the Genus Centorisoma Becker,” Entomol. Obozr. 84 (2), 473–490 (2005) [Entomol. Rev. 85 (5), 555–568 (2005)].