©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien
100 B
539 - 594
Wien, Dezember 1998
Checklist and distribution of the free-living copepods
(Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
S. Gaviria*
Abstract
A species list of 109 free-living copepod species (16 calanoids, 48 cyclopoids, 45 harpacticoids) inhabiting
water bodies and semi-terrestrial biotopes from Austria is given. A total of 850 records all around the country
are listed. For each species the following information is presented: synonyms, known localities in Austria,
general distribution in the country and in the world and worldwide types of inhabited biotopes. Distribution
maps for most of the calanoid and cyclopoid species are presented. Four species of cyclopoid species are
new for the country: Paracyclops poppei, Acanthocyclops kieferi, A. rhenanus, Graeteriella laisi, the former from benthos of tributaries of the Danube, the latter three from groundwater. A temorid calanoid,
Eurytemora velox, was found as new immigrant into the Danube.
Key words: Copepoda, Austria, inventory, distribution.
Zusammenfassung
In der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine Liste der 109 freilebenden Copepoden-Arten (16 Calanoida, 48
Cyclopoida, 45 Harpacticoida) aus verschiedenen österreichischen Gewässern angeführt. Es wurden dafür
insgesamt 850 Fundmeldungen berücksichtigt. Für jede Art ist folgende Information angeschlossen: Synonymia, Fundorte in Österreich, allgemeine Verteilung im Land und in der Welt sowie die Typen von Biotopen, in
denen die Art welteit auftritt. Die Verbreitung der Calanoiden- und Cyclopoiden-Arten ist kartographisch dargestellt. Vier Cyclopoiden-Arten (Paracyclops poppei, Acanthocyclops kieferi, A. rhenanus, Graeteriella laisi) sind
neu für Österreich; P. poppei wurde im Benthal von Donauzubringern, die drei anderen Arten im Grundwasser gefunden. Der Calanoide Eurytemora velox ist ein neuer Einwanderer in der österreichischen Donau.
Introduction
Within the 3 orders of Copepoda living in freshwater and semi-terrestrial biotopes in
Austria, only the harpacticoids have been previously inventorised (LÖFFLER & NEUHUBER
1970). Based on 128 records, these authors listed 37 species. Faunistic or ecological surveys
done over the last 3 decades, especially in groundwater (KIEFER 1976; DANIELOPOL 1983;
POSPISIL 1994), Alpine lakes and ponds (REED 1970; JERSABEK & SCHABETSBERGER
1990) and rivers (KOWARC 1992; MOOG & al. 1995; GAVIRIA, 1994 and in press), together with unpublished data (V. Kowarc, "Arge Ökologie", Wien, and the author),
added 103 records for the country and the number of species increased to 45.
The checklist of species of Calanoida and Cyclopoida has been elaborated based on
published and unpublished data as well. Authors who specifically contributed to the survey
of both orders are BREHM (1907, 1909, 1915, 1942), BREHM & RUTTNER (1926), PESTA
Dr. Santiago Gaviria, Institute of Zoology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A- 1090 Vienna, Austria.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
540
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
(1911, 1912, 1915, 1917, 1923, 1924, 1928a, 1931, 1933, 1935, 1937a, 1937b, 1938a,
1938b, 1939, 1952a, 1952b, 1954), FINDENEGG (1938, 1943), PRIESEL-DICHTL (1959),
SAMPL (1967), EINSLE (1971), NAUWERCK (1988), LÖFFLER (1957, 1959, 1960a, 1960b,
1965, 1978, 1979), HERZIG (1979, 1983), FORRÓ (1990, 1992a, 1992b) and POSPISIL
(1989, 1994). Unpublished data on calanoids and cyclopoids have been provided by A.
Herzig (Biologische Station Ilmitz), L. Forró (Museum of Natural History, Budapest),
P. Pospisil (Inst. f. Zoologie, Universität Wien) and the author.
The 16 species of calanoids known from Austria include Eurytemora velox, a new
immigrant into the Austrian Danube. It was collected for the first time in backwaters of
the river in Klosterneuburg in 1993 and today it is known to occur in 8 localities from
Niederösterreich and Wien (S. Gaviria & L. Forró, pers. obs.). Based on more than 400
records, the number of cyclopoid species totals to 48.
Collections made during the last 6 years in benthic habitats of rivers, in lakes and in
ponds increased the knowledge on the distribution of some species. For instance,
Paracyclops poppei collected in the Kamp river and in the Marchfeld Canal near the
Danube, is new for the country, while Eucyclops speratus is new for Niederösterreich.
Intensive groundwater surveys made by P. Pospisil (University of Vienna) also increased
the number of cyclopoid species: two Acanthocyclops species, A. kief eri and A. rhenanus
are now known from groundwaters near the Danube and from Seewinkel respectively.
Graeteriella laisi from groundwater in Taugl/Hallein, Salzburg is new for the country
too (P. Pospisil, unpublished data).
The purpose of this inventory is to identify and publish the list of species found in
Austria and the compilation of the localities where each species occur.
Some problems concerning the correct systematic position of some populations of
Acanthocyclops (vernalis and robustus) from mountain lakes and ponds in the eastern
part of the country still remain. This is also true for populations of Cyclops from some
lakes in the Lower Alps, which were classified as C. strenuus. Due to the discovery of
new taxonomic characters - especially the ornamentation of the coxapodids and coxal
plate of the fourth pair of thoracopods - some species could be C. abyssorum or C. bohater.
Material
Records found by the author ("S. Gaviria, personal observation, year") are supported by
voucher material deposited at the Museum of Natural History, Vienna (NHMW) (Table 1)
and at the author's archive collection.
Checklist
For each species the presence in each federal state (T = Tyrol, S = Salzburg,
K = Carinthia, St = Styria, O = Upper Austria, N = Lower Austria, W = Vienna, B =
Burgenland) and the world distribution is indicated. The type of biotopes inhabited
worldwide by each species is given. Following terms on the listed localities mean: "pers.
obs.", personal observation; "pers. comm.", personal communication.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
541
Tab. 1: Voucher material deposited at the Museum of Natural History, Wien (NHMW).
Inventory Nr. 16708 - 16722 correspond to animals preserved in alcohol, Nr. 16723 - 16742 to
dissected individuals. (S, Salzburg; O, Upper Austria; N, Lower Austria; W, Vienna; B,
Burgenland; f = female; m = male; cop. = copepodite).
Nr.
species
locality
date
collector
individuals
16708
16709
16710
16712
16713
16715
16716
16717
16718
16719
16720
16721
16722
16723
16724
16725
16726
16727
E. gracilis
M. albidus
A. spinosus
M. kupelwieseri
E. serrulatus
E. serrulatus
D. bicuspidatus
M. fuscus
A. robust us
M. gigas
E. serrulatus
E. velox
N. hibernica
A. spinosus
A. spinosus
E. gracilis
E. gracilis
E. gracilis
08-08-1989
08-02-1993
10-10-1996
24-04-1997
24-04-1997
24-04-1997
24-04-1997
24-04-1997
23-09-1997
13-08-1997
13-08-1997
23-09-1997
05-05-1995
10-09-1996
10-09-1996
28-06-1994
28-06-1994
04-04-1996
Reckendorfer
Gaviria
Gaviria
Kovanetz
Kovanetz
Hinteregger
Kovanetz
Hinteregger
Holarek
Jurkowitsch
Jurkowitsch
Holarek
Gaviria, E.
Gaviria
Gaviria
Hinteregger
Hinteregger
Ölzant
10 f, 10 m
15 f
20 f, 19 m
8 f, 2 m, 3 cop
19 f, 1 m
10 f, 5 m
5f, 1 m
3 f, 2 m, 7 cop
1 f, 6 m
5f, 1 m
5f, 1 m
6f, 5 m
10 f, 5 m
1m
1 f
1m
If
1m
16728
E. gracilis
04-04-1996
Ölzant
If
16729
C. strenuus
20-02-1997
Gaviria
1 f
16730
C. strenuus
20-02-1997
Gaviria
If
16731
16732
16733
C. bohater
C. vicinus
D. bicuspidatus
10-11-1989
18-05-1993
14-06-1993
Reckendorfer
Gaviria
Gaviria
If
If
If
16734
D. bicuspidatus
14-06-1993
Gaviria
1 f
16735
M. viridis
07-09-1992
Gaviria
If
16736
16737
T. crassus
E. serrulatus
28-06-1994
24-08-1992
Hinteregger
Gaviria
1 f
If
16738
E. speratus
10-11-1992
Gaviria
1 f
16739
16740
E. speratus
E. macruroides
20-05-1995
02-06-1997
B. equinatus
N. hibernica
Gaviria
Gaviria &
Jobstmann
Kowarc
Flore &
Sageder
1 f
1 f
16741
16742
S, Wallersee
N, Marchfeldkanal
B, Neusiedler See
N, Moosbrunn, pond
N, Moosbrunn, pond
O, Micheldorf, pond
N, Moosbrunn, pond
O, Micheldorf, pond
N, Regelsbrunn
W, Alte Donau
W, Alte Donau, Wasserpark
N, Regelsbrunn
N, Mittehaufen, Donau Au
B, Neusiedler See
B, Neusiedler See
N, Wolkersdorf, castle pond
N, Wolkersdorf, castle pond
N, Weinviertel,
pond at quarry Ölzant
N, Weinviertel,
pond at quarry Ölzant
N, Gießgang Greifenstein,
flooded forest
N, Gießgang Greifenstein,
flooded forest
S, Wallersee
N, Marchfeldkanal, Gerasdorf
N, Marchfeldkanal,
Langenzersdorf
N, Marchfeldkanal,
Langenzersdorf
N, Marchfeldkanal,
Langenzersdorf
N, Wolkersdorf, castle pond
N, Marchfeldkanal,
Deutsch Wagram
N, Marchfeldkanal,
Langenzersdorf
N, Marchfeldkanal, Gerasdorf
N, Gießgang Greifenstein,
flooded forest
N, Lunz, Oberer Seebach
N, Marchfeldkanal, Gerasdorf
09-09-1990
25-05-1995
If
If
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
542
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Order Calanoida SARS, 1903a
Family Diaptomidae SARS, 1903a
Subfamily Diaptominae KIEFER, 1932
Genus Acanthodiaptomus KIEFER, 1932
Acanthodiaptomus denticornis (WIERZEJSKI, 1887)
Diaptomus denticornis WIERZEJSKI, 1887: 9
Localities: Tirol: Lichtsee. Oberberg-Gschnitztal (PESTA 1912, 1926), Piburgersee; (SCHABER 1976, 1985;
S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996; FÜREDER 1995), Loarbecken (PESTA 1938a), Brixlegg-Kramsach (PESTA 1935),
Gschößwand (PESTA 1935), Hintersteinersee (PESTA 1926), Fundustal (REED 1970), Hirschebensee (REED
1970); Salzburg: reservoir Kaprunertal and Stubachtal (PECHLANER 1959), Weißsee (PESTA 1937a),
Dreibrüdersee (JERSABEK & al. 1996); Kärnten: St. Leonard (STEUER 1897), Niedere Tauern (PESTA 1912);
Steiermark: Gwendlingsee (PESTA 1926), Speiksee (PESTA 1911); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Obersee (PESTA
1923; A. Herzig & H. Löffler, pers. comm.).
General distribution: Austria: mountains T, S, K, St, N (Fig. 1); World: Europe, Asia.
Biotope: temporary and perennial ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
Genus Arctodiaptomus KIEFER, 1932
Subgenus Arctodiaptomus s.str. KIEFER, 1932
Arctodiaptomus (Arctodiaptomus) wierzejskii (RICHARD, 1888)
Diaptomus wierzejskii RICHARD, 1888: 43.
D. serricornis LILLJEBORG, 1888: 156.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Schwechat (PESTA 1954); Burgenland: Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: one known locality (pond) south of Vienna N; Seewinkel B (scarce) (Fig. 1); World: Palaearctic region.
Biotope: temporary ponds, pelagic zone of lakes (euryhaline).
Subgenus Rhabdodiaptomus KIEFER, 1932
Arctodiaptomus (Rhabdodiaptomus) alpinus (IMHOF, 1885)
Diaptomus alpinus IMHOF, 1885: 356.
D. montanus WIERZEJSKI, 1887: 6.
D. bacillifer (part.) SCHMEIL, 1893a: 7.
D. bacillifer var. lagoraensis BALDI, 1925: 30.
Localities: Tirol: Gschößwand (PESTA 1935, determined as D. bacillifer), Unterer Wildgerlossee
(STEINBOCK 1949, determined as D. bacillifer); Salzburg: Dreibrüdersee (JERSABEK 1993); Kärnten:
Kreuzsee (S. Gaviria, pers.obs. 1995); Oberösterreich: Feichtauerseen (JERSABEK 1990).
General distribution: Austria: high mountain lakes T, S, K, O (Fig. 1); World: Europe.
Biotope: pelagic zone of lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
543
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
•
A. denticornis
+ A. wierzejskii
# A. alpinus
A
A. bacillifer
A. spinosus
* D. castor
V E. graciloides
o E. vulgaris
•
n
œ
•
T
Y
D
E. zachahasi
H. amblyodon
M. kupelwieseri
M. laciniatus
M. tatricus
E. velox
H. saliens
80 km
Fig. 1 : Distribution map of calanoids (except Eudiaptomus gracilis).
Arctodiaptomus (Rhabdodiaptomus) bacillifer (KOELBEL, 1885)
Diaptomus bacillifer KOELBEL, 1885: 312.
A. natronophilus PONYI, 1956: 262.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Zwingendorfer Eisteich (A. Herzig, pers. comm.); Burgenland: Neusiedler
See (LÖFFLER 1979), well (1) near Alber See, west of Illmitz (LÖFFLER 1960a), ponds (>5) Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959; METZ & FORRÓ 1989; FORRÓ 1992b), ponds Seewinkel (A. Herzig, pers.comm.; S.
GAVIRIA, pers.obs.. 1997).
General distribution: Austria: eastern plains: Neusiedler See, Seewinkel B; Zwingendorfer Eisteich N (Fig. 1); World: Czech Rep., lowlands of the Pannonian region,
Bulgarie, Pontic region, Poland.
Biotope: ponds, shallow lakes, littoral and pelagic zone of lakes (euryhaline).
Arctodiaptomus (Rhabdodiaptomus) spinosus (DADAY, 1891)
Diaptomus spinosus DADAY, 1891: 130.
D.faddeevi RYLOV, 1925: 314.
Localities: Burgenland: Neusiedler See (PESTA 1923. 1954; LÖFFLER 1979; HERZIG 1979; S. Gaviria, pers.
obs. 1996 and 1997); ponds (>5) of the Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959; METZ & FORRÓ 1989, FORRÓ 1992b);
ponds Seewinkel (S.Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996 and 1997; A. Herzig, pers. comm.).
General distribution: Austria: plains B: Neusiedler See, Seewinkel (Fig. 1); World:
Pannonian region, eastern Turkey, Armenia, Iran.
Biotope: pools, pelagic zone of lakes (sodic waters).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
544
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien WO B
Genus Diaptomus WESTWOOD, 1836
Subgenus Diaptomus s. str. WESTWOOD, 1836
Diaptomus (Diaptomus) castor (JURINE, 1820)
Monoculus castor JURINE, 1820: 50.
Diaptomus sovinsky DE GUERNE & RICHARD, 1891: 597.
Localities: Karaten: Millstättersee (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ
1993); Wien: Stadlau (PESTA 1917).
General distribution: Austria: from high mountain lakes to lowlands (scarce) T, K, W
(until 1917) (Fig. 1); World: Europe.
Biotope: temporary ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
Genus Eudiaptomus KIEFER, 1932
Eudiaptomus gracilis (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Diaptomus gracilis SARS, 1863: 218.
D. Westwoodi LÜBBOCK, 1863: 203.
D. pusillus BRADY, 1913: 231.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1917; KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959; EINSLE 1993); Tirol: Reintalersee
(PESTA 1923), Achensee (PESTA 1923); Salzburg: Königssee (PESTA 1923), Kröttensee (PESTA 1923),
Mattsee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Obertrumer See (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Graben See (MOOG & JAGSCH
1980), Faistenauer Hintersee (PESTA 1923), Gründlersee (PESTA 1923), Zellersee (PESTA 1923); Karaten:
Pressegger See (FINDENEGG 1938), Turner See (EINSLE 1971; SAMPL 1970), Keutschacher See (EINSLE
1971), Klopeiner See (EINSLE 1971), Weißensee (EINSLE 1971), Längsee (HERZIG & al. 1973), Jeserzer See
(LÖFFLER 1979), Millstättersee (PESTA 1923; KJEFER 1978; EINSLE 1971), Magdalensee (PESTA 1923),
Faakersee (PESTA 1923), Ossiachersee (PESTA 1923; EINSLE 1971; KIEFER 1978), Wörthersee (PESTA 1923;
EINSLE 1971; KIEFER 1978); Steiermark: Grundlsee (MODER 1986),Weizeldorfer Badesee (FRESNER 1995),
Ratzteich (FRESNER 1995), Ferlacher Badesee (FRESNER 1995), Leopoldsteinersee (PESTA 1923),
Auerlingsee (PESTA 1923); Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923; MOOG 1979; KIEFER 1978), Mondsee
(KIEFER 1978; NAUWERCK 1988), Wolfgangsee (KIEFER 1978), Traunsee (KIEFER 1978), Wallersee
(RECKENDORFER 1992; S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1991), Hallstättersee (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich/Steiermark:
Erlaufsee (PESTA 1923; SAMPL 1967); Niederösterreich/Oberösterreich : Donau (NAIDENOV 1985; HUMPESCH &
MOOG 1994); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee (PESTA 1923; S. GAVIRIA, pers.obs. 1996), Lunzer Obersee
(MIKSCHI 1990), Steinbruchteich Ölzant, Weinviertel (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996), Oberwaltersdorfer
Badeteich (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996 and 1997); Wien/Niederösterreich : Marchfeldkanal (S. GAVIRIA
1994, 1998), Alte Donau (PESTA 1917; STARMÜHLNER & al.. 1972; MIKSCHI & SCHWEIGER 1988; S. Gaviria,
pers.obs. 1997), backwater ponds at Prater (STARMÜHLNER & al., 1972).
General distribution: Austria: lakes of Lower Alps, Waldviertel, Marchfeld, Wienerbecken, plains N, Danube V, T, S, K, St, O, N, W; World: Europe, United States, Siberia,
Israel, Hong Kong.
Biotope: ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
Eudiaptomus graciloides (LILLJEBORG, 1888)
Diaptomus graciloides LILLJEBORG, 1888: 156.
Localities: Salzburg: Mattsee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Obertrumer See (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Grabensee
(MOOG & JAGSCH 1980); Kärnten: Faakersee (EINSLE 1971; KIEFER 1978); Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
545
General distribution: Austria: Faakersee K, Attersee O (1923); lakes in the north of
Salzburg S (Fig. 1); World: Europe, north of Asia, China.
Biotope: pelagic zone of lakes.
Eudiaptomus vulgaris (SCHMEIL, 1898)
Diaptomus vulgaris SCHMEIL, 1898: 168.
Localities: Tirol: "Strad"-Teich near Tarrenz (PESTA 1924), Loarbecken (PESTA 1938b), Krumsee (PESTA 1923).
General distribution: Austria: Lower Alps T (Fig. 1); World: Europe, Asia.
Biotope: ponds, permanent pools, pelagic zone of lakes (scarce).
Eudiaptomus zachariasi (POPPE, 1886)
Diaptomus zachariae POPPE, 1886: 285.
Localities: Steiermark: Botanical Garden, Graz (PESTA 1923), pond near Leoben (PESTA 1923);
Burgenland: fishpond at Güssing (A. Herzig, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: environs of Leoben and Graz St, southern Burgenland
B (scarce) (Fig. 1); World: central and eastern Europe.
Biotope: temporary ponds.
Genus Hemidiaptomus G.O. SARS, 1903b
Subgenus Gigantodiaptomus KIEFER 1932
Hemidiaptomus (Gigantodiaptomus) amblyodon (MARENZELLER, 1873)
Diaptomus amblyodon MARENZELLER, 1873: 593.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Altenberg (PESTA 1917), flood-plain of March river (PESTA 1917; HÖDL &
RIEDER 1993); Marchegg, inundated grassland (S. Gaviria, pers.obs. 1997); Wien: Prater (PESTA 1917).
General distribution: Austria: lowlands N and W (until 1917) (Fig. 1); World: Europe,
Asia (Siberia).
Biotope: inundation plains, temporary ponds.
Genus Mixodiaptomus KIEFER, 1932
Mixodiaptomus kupelwieseri (BREHM, 1907)
Diaptomus kupelwieseri BREHM, 1907: 321.
D. budapestiensis JUNGMAYER, 1914: 95.
D. lamellatus SPANDL, 1924: 93.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Lange Lusse, Hainburger Pforte (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1995); Marchegg,
pond at Pulverturm and inundated grassland (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), Moosbrunn, pond (S. GAVIRIA,
pers. obs. 1997); Burgenland: Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1959), Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959), Lange Lacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), Einsetzlacke (Krötenlacke), Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959), Golser See (LÖFFLER 1959), Dorfsee (LÖFFLER 1959).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
546
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
General distribution: Austria: backwaters of river March and Moosbrunn N, Neusiedler See and Seewinkel B (Fig. 1); World: Austria, Czech Rep., Slovakia, southern
and south-eastern Europe (DUSSART & DEFAYE 1983).
Biotope: ditches, marshes, ponds, pools, inundation plains, shallow lakes (euryhaline).
Mixodiaptomus laciniatus (LILLJEBORG, 1889)
Diaptomus laciniatus LILLJEBORG, 1889: 99.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1923); Kärnten: Millstättersee (EINSLE 1971; KIEFER 1978),
Turracher See (A. Herzig, pers.comm.); Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923; MOOG 1979), Mondsee
(PESTA 1923; KIEFER 1978; NAUWERCK 1988 - found until 1971); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee
(KIEFER 1978).
General distribution: Austria: lakes of the Lower Alps, Lunz Untersee V, K, O, N
(Fig. 1); World: northern Europe from Scotland to Russia, southern Europe from Pyrenees
to Lower Alps.
Biotope: small lakes, pelagic zone of lakes (cold-stenothermic).
Mixodiaptomus tatricus (WIERZEJSKI, 1883)
Diaptomus tatricus WIERZEJSKI, 1883: 24.
D. apenninicus BRIAN, 1927: 30.
Localities: Kärnten: Königsstuhl (PESTA 1924), Saualm (PESTA 1924), Bergtümpel at Saualpe (HONSIGERLENBURG & al. 1988), Klölingtümpelsee (PESTA 1924); Steiermark: environs of Graz (HARTMANN 1915),
Zirbitskogel (BREHM 1915, 1926), region of Hochschwab (PESTA 1938a), region of Admonter Reichenstein
(PESTA 1938a), region of Bösenstein (PESTA 1938a); Niederösterreich: Raxalpe (PESTA 1938a), Lunz,
Almtümpel (BREHM 1907).
General distribution: Austria: from high mountains to lowlands (Fig. 1); World: southern
and eastern Europe, Austria.
Biotope: temporary and permanent Alpine ponds.
Family Temoridae SARS, 1903a
Genus Eurytemora GIESBRECHT, 1881
Eurytemora velox (LILLJEBORG, 1853)
Temora velox LILLJEBORG, 1853: 86.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Greifenstein. Gießgang (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters of Klosterneuburg
(FORRÓ 1993), Regelsbrunn (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996, S. Gaviria & C. Holarek, pers. obs. 1997), Wien:
Alte Donau, Wasserpark (S. Gaviria, pers.obs. 1997). Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.),
Kühwörter Wasser, Lobau (S. Gaviria & C. Holarek, pers.obs. 1997)
General distribution: Austria: backwaters of Danube river N, W (since 1993) (Fig.l);
World: Europe, Iran.
Biotope: ponds, backwaters of rivers, water bodies near the sea.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
547
Genus Heterocope G.O. SARS, 1863
Heterocope saliens (LILLJEBORG, 1863)
Diaptomus saliens LILLJEBORG, 1863: 395.
H. robusta SARS, 1863: 225.
H romana IMHOF, 1888: 451.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Albonalpenmoortiimpel (PESTA 1937a), Maiensee (PESTA 1937a); Tirol: Wildsee
(PESTA 1923), Gschwandkopfsee (PESTA 1924); Salzburg: Lenzenbiihelsee (PESTA 1924), Gerlosplatte
(PESTA 1952a), Kitzbühler Alpen (PESTA 1939); Kärnten: Fresenhalsee (PESTA 1911, 1926), Atzenbergsee
(PESTA 1924), Rosennocksee south of Königsstuhl (PESTA 1924, 1952a), Anderlesee (PESTA 1923), Kleiner
See south of Anderlesee (PESTA 1923), Weißensee (Findenegg 1943); Steiermark: Niedere Tauern (PESTA
1926), Augstsee (PESTA 1923); Oberösterreich: Traunsee (PESTA 1923).
General distribution: Austria: from high mountains to Lower Alps V, T, S, K, St, O
(Fig. 1); World: Europe.
Biotope: ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
Order Cyclopoida SARS, 1918
Family Cyclopidae G.O. SARS, 1913
Subfamily Cyclopinae KIEFER, 1927
Genus Acanthocyclops KIEFER, 1927
Acanthocyclops gmeineri POSPISIL, 1989
Acanthocyclops gmeineri POSPISIL, 1989: 244.
Localities: Niederösterreich: groundwater at Regelsbrunn (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien: groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1989, 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lobau and Regelsbrunn N, W (Fig. 2);
World: Austria.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Acanthocyclops kieferi (CHAPPUIS, 1925)
Cyclops kief eri CHAPPUIS, 1925: 159.
Localities: Niederösterreich: groundwater at Regelsbrunn (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Regelsbrunn N (Fig. 2); World: Central
Europe, Yugoslavia, Ukraine, Spain.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Acanthocyclops rhenanus KIEFER, 1936
Acanthocyclops rhenanus KIEFER, 1936b: 168.
Localities: Burgenland: groundwater near Apetlon, Seewinkel (P. Pospisil, pers. comm.).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
548
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Seewinkel B (Fig. 2); World: Germany,
Austria.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic)
Acanthocyclops robustus (SARS, 1863)
Cyclops robustus SARS, 1863: 245.
Cyclops brevispinosus HERRICK, 1884: 148.
C. americanus MARSH, 1893: 202.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER & MUCKLE 1958; EINSLE 1993); Oberösterreich: Mondsee
(NAUWERCK 1988); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Obersee (MIKSCHI 1990), Waldviertel, pond near Heinreichs
(P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), Waldviertel, pond at Seyfrieds (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), Danube reservoir
Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.), Gießgang Greifenstein, inundated grassland and forest
(GAVIRIA in press), Regelsbrunn (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996; S. Gavina & C. Holarek, pers. obs. 1997), side
branch of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993), Lange Lusse, Hainburger Pforte (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1995),
Danube river (HoNSiG & HUMPESCH 1994); Wien/Niederösterreich : Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998);
Wien: spring at Kreuzeichenwiese (P. P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau
(DANIELOPOL 1983); Burgenland: Seewinkel (METZ & FORRÓ 1989; FORRÓ 1992b), Neusiedler See (S.
Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996; LÖFFLER 1979; HERZIG 1979; PESTA 1954 as A vernalis).
General distribution: Austria: Bodensee V, Mondsee O, Lunzer Obersee N, backwaters of Danube and Thaya rivers, Danube river, lowlands N, W, Seewinkel and
Neusiedler See B; World: Europe, northern Africa, Asia, Neotropical region, New
Zealand.
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, backwaters, littoral of ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
Remarks: Acanthocyclops vernalis reported from Alpine lakes and ponds could be A.
robustus. The species present at Seewinkel was determined by LÖFFLER (1959) as A.
vernalis and by FORRÓ (1992b) as A. robustus. In the past, the spine formula 2:3:3:3 was
used for the determination of A. vernalis and 3:4:4:4 for A. robustus (KIEFER 1978;
DUSSART 1969). Today it is known that animals of both species can have both spine formulas. The morphology of the genital segment, with lateral borders forming chitin-like
corners in A. vernalis and being rounded in A. robustus, should be used to distinguish
between the two species. These determinations should be revised to establish the correct
taxonomic position of the species or to find localities where both species co-exist.
Acanthocyclops sensitivus (GRAETER & CHAPPUIS, 1914)
Cyclops sensitivus GRAETER & CHAPPUIS, 1914: 507.
Localities: Vorarlberg: drill well (1) Lauterach, near Bregenz (PESTA 1934); Tirol: hyporrheal of Lech river
(TILZER 1968); Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959);
Niederösterreich: backwaters of Danube river between Greifenstein and Wien (MOOG & al. 1995); Wien:
well (1) at Maria Grün, Prater (KIEFER 1964), groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983;
POSPISIL 1994); well (1) at Kagran (KIEFER 1964; EINSLE 1993).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of the Alps T, Lower Alps V, S, Kagran,
Lobau and Prater W (Fig. 2); World: Central Europa, Great Britain.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
ffi
•
O
A
ft
a
A. gmeineri
A. kieferi
A. rhenanus
A. sensilivus
A. venustus
D. bicuspidalus
D.
D.
D.
D.
G
G.
bisetosus
crassicaudis
languidoides
languidus
laisi
unisetigera
549
Kagran (gw.) ft A
Prater
a ft A
Eberschüttwasser
(gW.) V + • *. T
D ft A ©
Seewinkel
o w.: + • G O
gw. & surf.iT
80 km
Fig. 2: Distribution maps of species of Acanthocyclops (except A. robustus and A. vernalis),
Diacyclops and Graeteriella (gw, groundwater; surf., surface water).
Acanthocyclops venustus (NORMAN & SCOTT, 1906)
Cyclops venustus NORMAN & SCOTT, 1906: 189.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959);
Niederösterreich: well (1) at Weidling (KIEFER 1964); Wien: well (1) at Kagran (KIEFER 1964; EINSLE
1993), groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1994), well ( 1 ) at Maria Grün,
Prater (KIEFER 1964).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lower Alps S, Wiedling N, Kagran,
Lobau and Prater W (Fig. 2); World: Europe.
Biotope: groundwater, bogs.
Acanthocyclops vernalis (FISCHER, 1853)
Cyclops vernalis, FISCHER 1853: 90.
Cyclops elongatus, CLAUS 1863: 97.
C. luridulus SARS. 1863: 245.
C. parcus HERRICK, 1882: 229.
Localities: Vorarlberg: bog pond, Albonalpe, Arlberg ? (PESTA 1937a), Bodensee ? (PESTA 1923; KIEFER
1978), Lünersee ? (PESTA 1923), Tilisunasee ? (PESTA 1923); Tirol: pond at Laubkogelgrat, Kelchalpe ?
(PESTA 1937b). pond at Gerlosplatte ? (PESTA 1952), Kühbodentümpel, Zillertaler Alpen ? (PESTA 1937a),
Waldtümpel, Brixlegg-Kramsach ? (PESTA 1935), Zireinersee ? (PESTA 1923), Laperlache, Gschößwand ?
(PESTA 1935), Rote Lache, Gschößwand ? (PESTA 1935), alp ponds at Magdeburgerhütte. Solsteingebiet,
Kalkalpen ? (PESTA 1935), Schlickersee. Stubaital ? (PESTA 1915), Kitzbühler Alpen ? (PESTA 1952b),
Schwarzsee ? (STEINBOCK 1949); Salzburg: Weißsee, Großglockner region ? (PESTA 1933), groundwater of
Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps ? (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959), reservoirs Kaprunertal and Stubachtal ?
(PECHLANER 1959); Kärnten: Saureggersee ? (PESTA 1923), Berghaustümpel, Königsstuhl region ? (PESTA
1923), Speiksee ? (PESTA 1911), pond at Unterer Mühldorfersee ? (PESTA 1911); Steiermark: Oberer
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
550
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Giglachsee ? (PESTA 1923), Sonntagskarsee ? (PESTA 1923), Oberer Klaftersee ? (PESTA 1923), Mittlerer
Klippensee ? (PESTA 1923) ; Oberösterreich: Kampspitzsee ? (PESTA 1923), well (1) near Mondsee (P.
Pospisil, pers.comm.); Niederösterreich: Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.),
spring Kreuzeichenwiese, Wienerwald (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Niederösterreich/Wien: Marchfeldkanal
(GAVIRIA 1994 1998); Wien: Hanselgrund-Altarm, Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau ? (DANIELOPOL 1983), Donaukanal ? (DANIELOPOL 1983); Burgenland: ponds (>5)
at Seewinkel ? (LÖFFLER 1957, 1959), drill well (1), Osliper Meierhof ? (LÖFFLER 1960b).
General distribution: Austria: Alps ?, Lower Alps ?, plains N,W and B ? , Danube
river; World: Holarctic.
Biotope: groundwater, bogs, ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
Remarks: Reports of this species done before 1993 are uncertain. See A. robustus.
Genus Cyclops O.F. MÜLLER, 1785
Cyclops abyssorum prealpinus (KIEFER, 1939)
Cyclops abyssorum prealpinus KIEFER, 1939: 94.
Cyclops abyssorum carinthicus LINDBERG, 1955: 99..
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (DUSSART & DEFAYE 1985); Kärnten: Weißensee (LINDBERG 1955),
Faaker See (EINSLE 1971), Klopeiner See (EINSLE 1971), Millstätter See (EINSLE 1971), Ossiacher See
(EINSLE 1971), Turnersee (EINSLE 1971), Goggausee (HERZIG & MOOG 1976); Steiermark: Grundlsee
(MODER 1986); Oberösterreich: Mondsee (NAUWERCK 1988), Attersee (MOOG 1979).
General distribution: Austria: lakes of Lower Alps V, K, St, O (Fig. 3); World: northern
and southern Prealpine lakes.
Biotope: pelagic zone of lakes (oligotrophic to mesotrophic).
Remarks: Cyclops abyssorum carinthicus from Weißensee should be considered a
synonym of C abyssorum prealpinus (EINSLE 1971).
Cyclops abyssorum tatricus (KOZMINSKI, 1927)
Cyclops strenuus f. tatricus KOZMINSKI, 1927: 114.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Kalbelesee (AMANN 1970; GNAIGER 1978); Tirol: Finstertaler Seen (BRETSCHKO
1975), Rotfelssee (REED 1970), Nördersee (REED 1970), Geirneggsee (REED 1970), Oberer Plenderlesee
(REED 1970), Mittlerer Plenderlesee (REED 1970), Gurgler Tümpel (REED 1970), Hirschebensee (REED
1970), Gössenköllesee (GNAIGER 1978; PRAPTOKARDYIO 1979; S. Gaviria, pers. obs.1995), Drachensee
(LÖFFLER 1983); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee (EINSLE 1993; S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996).
General distribution: Austria: high Alpine lakes V, T, Lunzer Untersee N (Fig. 3);
World: Alps, High Tatra, Montenegro.
Biotope: pelagic zone of mountain and high mountain lakes.
Remarks: Several authors recognized this subspecies as the group of C. abyssorum
inhabiting high mountain lakes. EINSLE (1969, 1971, 1993) demostrated the sexual isolation of this subspecies and other groups of Cyclops spp. with chromatin-disminution
experiments
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
•
-f.
#
A
T
551
C. abyssorum tatricus
C. abyssorum prealpinus
C. bohater
C. furcifer
C. vicinus
80 km
Fig. 3: Distribution map of species of Cyclops (except C. stremius).
Cyclops bohater KozMiNSKi, 1933
Cyclops bohater KOZMINSKY, 1933: 105.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER 1954); Salzburg: Wallersee (S. GAVIRIA, pers. obs. 1992;
RECKENDORFER 1992), Mattsee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Obertrumer See (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980); Kärnten:
Afritzer See (EINSLE 1971), Faakersee (EINSLE 1971), Keutschachersee (EINSLE 1971), Ossiachersee
(EINSLE 1971), Wörthersee (LINDBERG 1957; EINSLE 1971); Oberösterreich: Mondsee (NAUWERCK 1988).
General distribution: Austria: Prealpine lakes V, S, K (Fig. 3); World: Central
Europe between France and Estonia, prealpine lakes.
Biotope: littoral and pelagic zone of lakes.
Cyclops furcifer CLAUS, 1857
Cyclops furcifer CLAUS, 1857: 208.
C. minutus LILLJEBORG, 1901: 24.
C. lacunae LOWNDES, 1926: 142.
Localities: Burgenland: Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1957), Salziger See, Tadten (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: just known from the Neusiedler See and from one pond
of the Seewinkel (Fig. 3); World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: temporary ponds, shallow lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
552
Annalen des Natwhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Cyclops strenuus FISCHER, 1851
Cyclops strenuus FISCHER, 1851: 418.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1923 ?; KIEFER 1973; KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959 ?), Lünersee ?
(PESTA 1923), Tilisunasee ? (PESTA 1923); Tirol: Starnbergsee ? (PESTA 1923), Achensee ? (PESTA 1923),
Klamjochsee ? (PESTA 1923), "Hirschlacke", Rofan region, Kalkalpen ? (PESTA 1931), Schwarzensee,
Zillertal ? (PESTA 1915, 1923), Zirmsee ? (PESTA 1915), Großer Dreizinnensee ? (PESTA 1915), Weißsee,
Großglockner ? (PESTA 1933), Reithersee (PESTA 1923), Unterer Torjochsee ? (PESTA 1923), Wolfgangsee
(PESTA 1923), Zellersee ? (PESTA 1923), groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL
1959), Faistenauer Hinterersee ? (PESTA 1923); Kärnten: Fresenhalsee ? (PESTA 1911, 1923), Weissensee ?
(PESTA 1911), Faaker See ? (PESTA 1911), Magdalenensee ? (PESTA 1911), Großer Magdalenensee ? (PESTA
1923), Faakersee ? (PESTA 1923), Kleiner See, southern of Anderlesee ? (PESTA 1923), Millstätter See ?
(PESTA 1923; Findenegg 1943), Ossiacher See ? (PESTA,191 1, 1923; Findenegg 1943), Wörthersee ? (PESTA
1923; Findenegg 1943), Klopeiner See ? (Findenegg 1943), Weißensee ? (PESTA 1923; Findenegg 1943),
Zirmsee ? (PESTA 1923); Pressegger See ? (Findenegg 1938), Keutschacher See (Findenegg 1938),
Turnersee (Findenegg 1938); Steiermark: Leopoldsteiner See ? (PESTA 1923), Grundlsee ? (PESTA 1923),
Schwarzsee, Turracherhöhe ? (PESTA 1923); Oberösterreich: Attersee ? (PESTA 1923), Hallstätter See ?
(PESTA 1923), Traunsee ? (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: Klosterneuburg, backwaters (FORRÓ 1996),
Gießgang Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), side branches of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993), Moosbrunn, pond
(S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), Marchegg, pond, Wienertür (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997); Wien: Obere Lobau
(PFAFFENWIMMER 1986); Burgenland: ponds (>5) at the Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959; METZ & FORRÓ 1989;
FORRÓ 1992b), Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; FORRÓ 1990, 1992a), wells (23) at Seewinkel (LÖFFLER
1960a), well (1) near Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) at Purbach (LÖFFLER 1960a), draw-well (1),
Zurndorf (LÖFFLER 1960b); Danube river (NAIDENOV 1985).
General distribution: Austria: Bodensee V, high Alpine and Prealpine lakes ? V, T, S,
K, St, O, lowlands of eastern Austria N, B; World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, backwaters, periodic ponds, littoral and pelagic zone of
lakes.
Remarks: reports on mountain lakes of the Alps and Lower Alps are uncertain, because
most Cyclops from the area were until 1969 identified as C. strenuus or belonging to the
C. strenuus - group, as it was pointed out by SAMPL (1971) for the Carinthian lakes.
These animals could belong to C. abyssorum, C. bohater or to both of them. For
instance, both species cohabit Faaker See, Ossiacher See and Wörthersee (EINSLE 1971).
Cyclops vicinus ULJANIN, 1875
Cyclops vicinus ULJANIN, 1875: 30.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959); Tirol: Piburgersee (S. Gaviria, pers. obs.
1995; FUREDER 1995); Salzburg: Wallersee (RECKENDORFER 1992); Kärnten: Ferlacher Badesee (FRESNER
1995); Oberösterreich: Mondsee (NAUWERCK 1988); Niederösterreich: Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C.
Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.), Klosterneuburg, backwaters (FORRÓ 1996), side branches of Untere
Thaya (FORRÓ 1993); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998); Wien: Obere Lobau
(PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), Alte Donau (S.Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997); Burgenland: ponds (>5) Seewinkel (METZ
& FORRÓ 1989; FORRÓ 1992b); Danube river (NAIDENOV 1985)
General distribution: Austria: Prealpine lakes V, S, O, Piburger See T, Ferlacher
Badesee K, lowlands N, W, Seewinkel B, Danuber river (Fig. 3); World: Holarctic,
India, Cuba.
Biotope: rivers, backwaters, pelagic zone of eutrophicated lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
e
o
A
ft
D
C. bicolor
M. gigas
M. gracilis
M. minutus
M. planus
Y
•
+
#
553
M rubellus
M. varicans
T. crassus
T. dybowskii
T. oithonoides
Neusiedler See
• + AT e
80 km
Fig. 4: Distribution map of the species of Cryptocydops, Thermocyclops, Metacyclops, Megacydops
gigas, Microcyclops (M. rubellus and M. varicans).
Genus Cryptocydops SARS, 1927a
Cryptocydops bicolor (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Cyclops bicolor CO. SARS, 1863: 253.
C. longicaudatus POGGENPOL, 1874: 72.
C. brevisetosus, C. tenuicaudis DADAY, 1885: 255.
Localities: Tirol: Loarbecken, Brixlegg, Kramsach (PESTA 1938); Kärnten: Turnersee (SAMPL 1970);
Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee (PESTA 1923), backwater of Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996); Wien: Alte
Donau (STEUER 1901; PESTA 1954), backwaters at Stadlau (PESTA 1917), Lusthauswasser, Prater
(VORNATSCHER 1938); Burgenland: Hallabernlacke (Hollabernlacke), Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959),
Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1979).
General distribution: Austria: Loarbecken (Kramsach) T, Turnersee K, Lunzer Untersee,
backwaters at Klosterneuburg N, lowlands W, B (Fig. 4); World: Holarctic, southwestern
Asia, Africa.
Biotope: benthic zone of backwaters of rivers, temporary ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
Genus Diacyclops KIEFER, 1927
Diacyclops bicuspidatus (CLAUS, 1857b)
Cyclops bicuspidatus CLAUS, 1857b: 209.
C. pulchellus SARS, 1863: 246.
C. thomasi FORBES, 1882: 680.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers. obs.), side branches of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993), Marchegg, pond, Wienertür (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), Moosbrunn,
pond (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997); Wien: Alte Donau (PESTA 1928b), Obere Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986),
Lusthauswasser Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938), groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983;
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
554
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien WO B
POSPISIL 1994), pond near Alte Donau (PESTA 1928b), Marchfeldkanal (S. GAVIRIA 1994, 1998);
Burgenland: ponds (7) Seewinkel (FORRÖ 1992b); wells (24) at Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near
Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Rust (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near Tadten (LÖFFLER 1960a),
Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1979; FORRÓ 1990, 1992a), draw-well (I) near Neusiedl (LÖFFLER
1960b), wells (3) near Zurndorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1) near Möchhof (LÖFFLER 1960b),
draw-well (1) near Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960b), wells Radbrunnen (2) near Nikkitsch (LÖFFLER 1960b), tank at
Kroatisch Geresdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1) near Wittmannsdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b); Danube
river (HUMPESCH & MOOG 1994).
General distribution: Austria: eastern lowlands N, W, B, Danube river and tributaries,
backwaters N (Fig. 2); World: Holarctic.
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, periodic and perennial small water bodies, littoral zone of
ponds and lakes, profundal zone of lakes.
Diacyclops bisetosus (REHBERG, 1880)
Cyclops bisetosus REHBERG, 1880: 543.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959); Steiermark:
cave Katerloch at Weiz (KIEFER 1964), cave Lurhöhle at Peggau (KIEFER 1934 pers. comm. P. Pospisil);
Niederösterreich: Moosbrunn, groundwater supplied pond (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), groundwater,
Purkersdorf (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), groundwater St. Polten (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien: groundwater
at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Burgenland: well (1) near Furchslochlacke (LÖFFLER
1960a), well (1) near Gensei steller, lllmitz (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) at Oberer Stinkersee (LÖFFLER 1960a),
well (1) near Luß (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near St. Andrä (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Albrechtsfeld
(LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Lange Lacke (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Meriko psz. (LÖFFLER 1960a), well
Radbrunnen (1) Seemühle, northern of Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960b), ponds (>5) at Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of the Alps T and Lower Alps S, caves
Lurhöhle (Peggau) and Katerloch (Weiz) St, groundwater N, W, B, groundwater of
Seewinkel B (Fig. 2); World: Paelaearctic, Australian region, Cuba.
Biotope: groundwater, interstitial zone, periodic and perennial small water bodies, bogs,
salt-ponds, fitotelms.
Diacyclops crassicaudis (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Cyclops crassicaudis G.O. SARS, 1863: 249.
C.brucei SCOTT, 1899: 93.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (EINSLE 1993); Tirol: Jochberger Ache (S. Gaviria, pers. obs.); Salzburg:
groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL, 1959); Niederösterreich: well (1) at
Fischbach, Waldviertel (A. Fuchs & S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1998); Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser,
Lobau (P. Pospisil, single finding).
General distribution: Austria: Bodensee V, Jochberger Ache T, groundwater of the
Lower Alps S, groundwater of Waldviertel, backwaters of Danube river N (Fig. 2);
World: Holarctic.
Biotope: groundwater, brooks, periodic small water bodies (cold stenothermic).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
555
Diacyclops languidoides (LILLJEBORG, 1901)
Cyclops languidoides LILLJEBORG, 1901: 61.
Localities: Tirol: Moostal (TILZER 1968), Almajurtal (TILZER 1968); Oberösterreich: groundwater near
Ried (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL
1959); Niederösterreich: Mausrodlteich near Lunz (CHAPPUIS 1934); Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1994): Burgenland: pump-well (1), Ostliper Meierhof (LÖFFLER
1960b), well Radbrunnen (1), Lutzmannsburg (LÖFFLER 1960b), well (1) at Albrechtsfeld, St. Andrà
(LÖFFLER 1960a).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lower Alps T and S, cave Mausrodlhöhle (Lunz) N, groundwater of Lobau W and B (Fig. 2); World: Holarctic.
Biotope: groundwater, interstitial zone.
Diacyclops languidus (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Cyclops languidus G.O. SARS, 1863: 249.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959);
Niederösterreich: riparian groundwater of river Ybbs (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien: groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994); Burgenland: well (1) beside of Eiser Kanal (LÖFFLER 1960a),
Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lower Alps S, Ybbs N and Lobau W,
Neusiedler See B (Fig. 2); World: Europe, Iran, Sri Lanka, Japan, Quebec.
Biotope: groundwater, bogs, ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
Genus Graeteriella BREHM, 1926
Graeteriella laisi (KIEFER, 1936a)
Diacyclops laisi KIEFER ,1936a: 85.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Taugl river, Hallein (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: one locality, groundwater of Taugl river (Hallein) S
(Fig. 2); World: France, Austria.
Biotope: karst groundwater (stygobiontic).
Graeteriella unisetigera (GRAETER, 1908)
Cyclops unisetifera GRAETER, 1908: 49.
Localities: Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lobau W (Fig. 2); World: Europe.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
556
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Genus Megacyclops KIEFER, 1927
Megacyclops gigas (CLAUS, 1857b)
Cyclops gigas CLAUS, 1857b: 207.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959); Niederösterreich: pond at Moosbrunn (S.
Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997); Wien: Alte Donau, Wasserpark (S. Gavina, pers. obs. 1997).
General distribution: Austria: Bodensee V, and known from 2 localities in N and W
(Fig. 4); World: Europe, Nearctic, northern Africa.
Biotope: perennial ponds, profundal zone of lakes.
Remarks: The species has not always been recognized. It can be confunded especially with
the big winter-forms of M. viridis (EINSLE 1993). It is widespread in the Prealpine lakes
and ponds in Germany. It probably has a wider distribution at the Austrian Lower Alps.
Megacyclops viridis (JURINE, 1820)
Monoculus quadricornis viridis JURINE, 1820: 46.
Cyclops brevicornis CLAUS, 1857a: 32.
C. vulgar is SARS, 1918: 40.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1923); Tirol: Lansermoorsee (PESTA 1923), Loarbecken,
Brixlegg-Kramsach (PESTA 1938b); Salzburg: Faistenauer Hintersee (PESTA 1923), Zellersee (PESTA 1923);
Karaten: Millstättersee (PESTA 1923); Steiermark: Grundlsee (PESTA 1923), cave Lurhöhle at Peggau
(KIEFER 1964); Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923), Hallstättersee (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich:
Seebach, Lunz (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1986), Lunzer Mittersee (BREHM 1909; PESTA 1923), Lunzer Obersee
(MIKSCHI 1990), cave Mausrodlhöhle near Lunz (CHAPPUIS 1934), cave Hermannshöhle near Kirchberg am
Wechsel (STROUHAL 1954), Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.),
Gießgang, inundated grassland and forest, Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), side branches of Untere Thaya
(FORRÓ 1993), pond at Marchegg, Wienertür (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), pond at Moosbrunn (S. Gaviria,
pers. obs. 1997); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998); Wien: Alte Donau
(STEUER 1901; PESTA 1954; S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), Obere Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), Lusthauswasser, Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938), Laaerberg (PESTA 1917), Hermesteich, Lainz (PESTA 1954), well (1)
Jedlersee (KIEFER 1964), Richardshof at Mödling (KIEFER 1964); Burgenland: Neusiedlersee (PESTA 1954;
LÖFFLER 1959; FORRÓ 1990, 1992a), well Radbrunnen (1), Seemühle, Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960b), ponds (> 5)
at Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959, FORRÓ 1992 b), Halbjochlacke, Seewinkel (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996),
cistern at castle Deutschkreuz (LÖFFLER 1960b), wells (2) near Tadten (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near St.
Andrä (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) at Heid, field (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Pamhagen (LÖFFLER 1960a),
wells (3) at Lange Lacke (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near Obere Stinkerlacken (LÖFFLER 1960a).
General distribution: Austria: Lower Alps V, T, S, K, St, O, N, lowlands N, W, B,
Danube river, backwaters of rivers Danube, March, Thaya N; World: cosmopolitan
except Australian region.
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, periodic ponds, littoral and sublittoral zone of lakes.
Genus Mesocyclops KIEFER, 1927
Mesocyclops leuckarti (CLAUS, 1857a)
Cyclops leuckarti CLAUS, 1857a: 35.
C. simplex POGGENPOOL, 1874: 70.
C. tenuicornis ULJANIN, 1875: 30.
C. pectinatus DADAY, 1885: 223.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
557
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1923; KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959); Tirol: Lansersee (PESTA 1923),
Schwarzsee, Kitzbühl (PESTA 1923), Loarbecken, Brixlegg-Kramsach (PESTA 1938); Salzburg: Zellersee (PESTA
1923), Reithersee (PESTA 1923), Wallersee (RECKENDORFER 1992), Mattsee (PESTA 1923; MOOG & JAGSCH
1980), Wolfgangsee (PESTA 1923), Obertrumer See (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Grabensee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980);
Kämten: Faaker See (PESTA 1923), Ossiacher See (PESTA 1923), Weißensee (PESTA 1923), Goggausee (HERZIG
& MOOG 1976), Jeserzer See (LÖFFLER 1979), Keutschachersee (EINSLE 1971), Klopeiner See (EINSLE 1971),
Millstätter See (EINSLE 1971), Rauschelesee (EINSLE 1971), Turnersee (EINSLE 1971); Oberösterreich: Attersee
(MOOG 1979), Mondsee (NAUWERCK 1988), Traunsee (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: pond at quarry,
Weinviertel (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996), pond near Gerasdorf (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1994), Gießgang
Greifenstein, inundated forest (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996), Danube reservoir
Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.); Wien: Alte Donau (STARMÜHLNER & al.. 1972; S. Gaviria,
pers. obs. 1997), backwaters at Stadlau (PESTA 1917), Obere Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983); Burgenland: Martenthallacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959),
Wörtenlacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), limnocrene near Sieggraben (LÖFFLER 1960b), Neusiedlersee (PESTA
1954; HERZIG 1979; LÖFFLER 1979; FORRÓ 1990, 1992a); Danuberiver(HUMPESCH & MOOG 1994).
General distribution: Austria: from Prealpine lakes to eastern lowlands, Danube river
and backwaters. Known from all the states with exception of Steiermark; World: Europe,
northern Asia.
Biotope: groundwater, backwaters, perennial ponds, littoral and pelagic zone of lakes.
Genus Metacyclops KIEFER, 1927
Metacyclops gracilis (LiLLjEBORG, 1853)
Cyclops gracilis LILLJEBORG, 1853: 208.
Localities: Niederösterreich: backwaters at Klostemeuburg (FORRÓ 1996); Burgenland: Szerdahelyer
Lacke (LÖFFLER 1959), Schwarzer See, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), Dorfsee at Wallern (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: backwaters of the Danube at Klostemeuburg N,
Szerdahelyer Lacke, Dorfsee (Wallern), Schwarzer See B (Fig. 4); World: Palaearctic,
Senegal, Ruanda, India.
Biotope: backwaters, perennial ponds, littoral and pelagic zone of lakes.
Metacyclops minutus (CLAUS, 1863)
Cyclops minutus CLAUS, 1863: 102.
C. longicaudatus BRADY, 1892: 88.
Metacyclops unacanthus LINDBERG, 1936: 9.
Localities: Burgenland: well (1) at Untere Luz, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) western of Illmitz
(LÖFFLER 1960a), Langelacke at Andau (LÖFFLER 1959), northern Krainerlacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959),
southern Krainerlacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: wells and ponds in Seewinkel B (Fig. 4); World:
Palaearctic, Africa, Sri Lanka, Malaysia.
Biotope: groundwater, periodic ponds.
Metacyclops planus (GURNEY, 1909)
Cyclops planus GURNEY, 1909: 293.
Localities: Burgenland: Wörthenlacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), Lange Lacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER
1959), Schwarzer See, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), Huldenlacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
558
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
General distribution: Austria: Seewinkel B (Fig. 4); World: southern and eastern
Europe, Austria, northern Africa, Asia Minor, Iran.
Biotope: perennial, periodic and aperiodic small water bodies.
Genus Microcyclops CLAUS, 1893
Microcyclops rubellus (LILLJEBORG, 1901)
Cyclops rubellus LILLJEBORG, 1901: 75.
Localities: Wien: Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Burgenland: Martenthallacke, Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959), Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979).
General distribution: Austria: Lobau W, Seewinkel and Neudiedler See B (Fig. 4);
World: Holarctic, Cuba, Africa.
Biotope: small water bodies, bogs, littoral zone of lakes.
Microcyclops varicans (G.O. S ARS, 1863)
Cyclops varicans G.O. SARS, 1863: 252.
C. orientalis ULJANIN, 1875: 33.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL, 1959);
Burgenland: Neusiedlersee (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1979a; FORRÓ 1990), Salzsee (METZ & FORRÓ 1989).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lower Alps N, Neusiedler See and
Salzsee B (Fig. 4); World: cosmopolitan.
Biotope: freshwater and salt ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
Genus Thermocyclops KIEFER, 1927
Thermocyclops crassus (FISCHER, 1853)
Cyclops crassus FISCHER, 1853: 92.
C. hyalinus REHBERG, 1880: 542.
Thermocyclops (Thermocyclops) crassus RYLOV, 1948: 305.
Mesocyclops (Thermocyclops) hyalinus KIEFER, 1929b: 52.
Localities: Salzburg: Wallersee (RECKENDORFER 1992); Kärnten: Ossiacher See (PESTA 1923; EINSLE 1971
as Th. hyalinus), Wörthersee (EINSLE 1971 as Th. hyalinus); Oberösterreich: Attersee (U. Einsle,
pers.comm.); Niederösterreich: pond at quarry, Weinviertel (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996), pond near castle,
Wolkersdorf (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1995), backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996), side branch of
Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993 as Th. hyalinus); Wien: Lusthauswasser, Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938), Obere
Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), Alte Donau, Sturzlwasser (PESTA 1928b),
Alte Donau (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997); Burgenland: Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954 as C. hyalinus; LÖFFLER
1959 as Th. hyalinus; HERZIG 1979).
General distribution: Austria: Wallersee S, Attersee O, Wörthersee, Ossiacher See K,
northern N, backwaters at Klosterneuburg N, Alte Donau W, Neusiedler See B (Fig. 4);
World: cosmopolitan (except Australian region).
Biotope: backwaters, perennial ponds, pelagic zone of lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
559
Thermocyclops dybowskii (LANDE, 1890)
Cyclops dybowskii LANDE, 1890: 362.
Localities: Niederösterreich: backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996); Burgenland: Neusiedler See
(LÖFFLER 1979a).
General distribution: Austria: backwaters of the Danube at Klosterneuburg N,
Neusiedler See B (Fig. 4); World: Palaearctic, Cuba.
Biotope: perennial ponds, littoral (occasional) and pelagic zone of ponds and lakes.
Thermocyclops oithonoides (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Cyclops oithonoides G.O. SARS, 1863: 241.
Localities: Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: backwater pond at Greifenstein (S.
Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996), Gießgang Greifenstein, side branch (Gaviria in press); Wien: Lusthauswasser,
Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938), Alte Donau (STARMÜHLNER & al. 1972, S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), Obere
Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), Lobau (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.), backwaters at Stadlau (PESTA 1917), groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: Attersee O, backwaters of the Danube in N and W (Fig. 4);
World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: backwaters, pelagic zone of ponds and lakes.
Genus Speocyclops KIEFER, 1937
Speocyclops cerberus (CHAPPUIS, 1934)
Cyclops (Diacyclops) cerberus CHAPPUIS, 1934: 212.
Localities: Steiermark: cave Kraußhöhle, Gams (CHAPPUIS 1934; EINSLE 1993; P. Pospisil, pers. comm.).
General distribution: Austria: cave Kraußhöhle (Gams) St (Fig. 5); World: Austria.
Biotope: caves (stygobiontic).
Subfamily Eucyclopinae KIEFER, 1927
Genus Austriocyclops KIEFER, 1964
Austriocyclops vindobonae KIEFER, 1964
Austriocyclops vindobonae KIEFER, 1964: 482.
Localities: Niederösterreich: groundwater at St. Polten (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien: well (1) at Kagran
(KIEFER 1964); groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater at St. Polten N, Kagran and Lobau W
(Fig. 5); World: Austria.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
560
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Genus Ectocyclops BRADY, 1904
Ectocyclops phaleratus (KOCH, 1938)
Cyclops phaleratus KOCH, 1938: 9.
C. canthocarpoides FISCHER, 1851: 426.
C. fischen POGGENPOL, 1874: 73.
C. adolescens HERRICK, 1882: 231.
C. perarmatus CRAGIN: 1883: 72.
C. quinquepartitus MARSH, 1913: 17.
Localities: Niederösterreich: backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996), groundwater (pumping tube) in
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (P. Pospisil, singular finding); Burgenland: Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959), Hallabernlacke, Appetlon, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959), Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: one locality in a backwater system of the Danube river
at Kosterneuburg N, two pools (pans) of the Seewinkel and Neusiedler See B (Fig. 5);
World: cosmopolitan.
Biotope: backwaters, littoral (benthic) zone of ponds and lakes.
Genus Eucyclops CLAUS, 1893
Eucyclops denticulatus (GRAETER, 1903)
Cyclops serrulatus var. denticulata GRAETER, 1903: 491.
C. (Leptocyclops) lilljeborgi SARS, 1918: 73.
Localities: Tirol: Mittersee at Fernpaß, Biberwier (PESTA 1923).
General distribution: Austria: Mittersee at Fernpaß (Biberwier), T (Fig. 5); World:
Holarctic.
Biotope: littoral zone of small water bodies with macrophytes.
Eucyclops graeteri (CHAPPUIS, 1927)
Cyclops graeteri CHAPPUIS, 1927: 42.
C. macrurus var. subterranea GRAETER, 1907: 850.
Localities: Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lobau W (Fig. 5); World: Europe, Japan.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Eucyclops macruroides (LILLJEBORG, 1901)
Cyclops macruroides LILLJEBORG, 1901: 85.
Localities: Tirol: Landhausteich, Zillertalereingang (PESTA 1937a); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Obersee (MIKSCHI
1990), Gießgang and inundated forest, Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters at Klosterneuburg
(FORRÓ 1996); Wien: Alte Donau, Stürzlwassers (PESTA 1928b, 1937a; STARMÜHLNER & al. 1972);
Burgenland: Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959); Danube river (HUMPESCH & MOOG 1994).
General distribution: Austria: Zillertaleingang T, Lunzer Obersee, backwaters of the
Danube N, Alte Donau W, one pond at the Seewinkel, B (Fig. 5); World: Palaearctic,
Nigeria.
Biotope: backwaters, perennial ponds, ponds and littoral zone of lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
A. vìndobonae
E. phaleratus
E. denticulatus
E. graeteri
E. macruroides
E. macrurus
E. speratus
561
ft M. distinctus
•
A
O
•
e
M. fuscus
P qffìnis
P. poppei
S. cerberus
T. prasinus
Eberschüttwasser
(gw.)
• # V
80 km
Fig. 5: Distribution map of species of Austriocyclops, Eucyclops (except E. serrulatus), Macrocyclops, (except M. albidus), Paracyclops (except P. fimbriatus), Speocy clops, Tropocyclops and
Ectocyclops phaleratus (gw., groundwater).
Eucyclops macrurus (G.O.SARS, 1863)
Cyclops macrurus S ARS, 1863: 254.
C. maarensis VOSSELER, 1889: 118.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959); Tirol: Krummsee (PESTA 1923); Salzburg:
Zellerse (PESTA 1923), Mattsee (PESTA 1923; MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Faistenauer Hintersee (PESTA 1923),
Wolfgangsee (PESTA 1923), Wallersee (PESTA 1923); Kärnten: Großer Magdalenensee (PESTA 1923),
Ossiachersee (PESTA 1923), Turnersee (SAMPL 1970); Niederösterreich: Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C.
Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.); Wien: Alte Donau, Stürzlwasser (PESTA 1928b); Danube river
(NAIDENOV 1985).
General distribution: Austria: Prealpine lakes V, T, S, K, Danube river N, Alte Donau
W (Fig. 5); World: Holarctic.
Biotope: rivers, perennial ponds, ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
Eucyclops serrulatus (FISCHER, 1851)
Cyclops serrulatus FISCHER, 1851: 423.
C. agilis KOCH, 1838: 3.
C. anophthalmus JOSEPH, 1882: 6.
C. pectinifer CRAGIN, 1883: 71.
C. varius var. proximus var. brachyurus LILLJEBORG, 1901: 89.
C.agiloides S ARS, 1909: 31.
C. serrulatoides LABBE, 1927: 200.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (KIEFER & MUCKLE 1959), Maiensee, Arlberg (PESTA 1937a), Kleinsee,
Albonalpe, Arlberg (PESTA 1937a), Liinersee (PESTA 1923), Tilisunasee (PESTA 1923); Tirol: Unterer
Plenderlesee (PESTA 1915, 1923), Pfitscherjochsee, Pfitschertal (PESTA 1915, 1923), Dreizinnen Seen
(PESTA 1915), Unterer Seebisee (PESTA 1915), Hirschlacke, Nockspitzgebiet (PESTA 1937 a), Lansermoorsee (PESTA 1923), Seebisee (PESTA 1923), Harlosangertümpel, Kitzbühler Alpen (PESTA 1937a), Loar-
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
562
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
becken, Brixlegg-Kramsach (PESTA 1938b), Piburger See (FÜREDER 1995), Gurgler Tümpel (REED 1970),
Pillersee (REED 1970), Rotfelssee (REED 1970), Unterer Schwenzer See (REED 1970), Peilstein (REED
1970), Königstal (REED 1970), Itlsee (REED 1970); Salzburg: Mattsee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Wallersee
(MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Tümpel bei Brück (PESTA 1937a), Weißsee, area of Großglockner (PESTA 1933),
Wolfgangsee (PESTA 1923), Pillersee (PESTA 1923), Weißsee, at Tauernjoch (PESTA 1923), Zellersee (PESTA
1923), Faistenauer Hintersee (PESTA 1923), Mattsee (PESTA 1923), groundwater of Salzburger Becken
(PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959); Kärnten: Wörthersee (PESTA 1911), Magdalenensee (PESTA 1911), pool at St.
Leonard (PESTA 1911), Oberer Mühldorfersee (PESTA 1911 1923), Fresenhalsee (PESTA 1911 1923),
Millstätter See (PESTA 1923), Großer Magdalenensee (PESTA 1923), Anderlesee (PESTA 1923), Kleiner See,
southern of Anderlesee (PESTA 1923), Oberer Lanischsee (PESTA 1923), Lanischsee (PESTA 1923), Jeserzer
See (LÖFFLER 1979); Steiermark: Unterer Sonntagssee (PESTA 1923), Auerlingsee (PESTA 1923), Filssee
(PESTA 1923), Oberer Giglachsee (PESTA 1923), Grundlsee (PESTA 1923), Mittlerer Klippensee (PESTA
1923), Lambrechtersee (PESTA 1923), cave Lurhöhle, Peggau (KIEFER 1934 pers. comm. P. Pospisil),
Weizelsdorfer Badesee (FRESNER 1995); Oberösterreich: reservoir Staning (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1994),
Attersee (PESTA 1923), Hallstättersee (PESTA 1923), Traunsee (PESTA 1923), pond at Mitteldorf (S. Gaviria,
pers. obs. 1997); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Obersee (PESTA 1923; MIKSCHI 1990), Lunzer Mittersee (BREHM
1909; PESTA 1923), Lunzer Untersee (PESTA 1923), Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig,
pers. comm.), Gießgang and backwaters at Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters at Klosterneuburg
(FORRÓ 1996), Rußbach (GAVIRIA 1994), side branches of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993), pond at Moosbrunn
(S. GAVIRIA, pers. obs. 1997); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998; ERNEGGER &
al. 1998); Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994), Hermesteich, Lainz (KIEFER
1964), Alte Donau (PESTA 1954; S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1997), backwaters at Stadlau (PESTA 1917), Obere
Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), Lusthauswasser, Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938); Burgenland: limnocrene near
Sieggraben (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1), Wittmansdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1),
Seemühle, Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960b), wells (2) at Osliper Meierhof (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1)
at Lackendorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), cistern at Kroatisch Geresdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), wells (3) near Halbturm
(LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Tadten (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (8) near Andau (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (7)
near St. Andrä (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (3) near Podersdorf (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Wallern
(LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (12) near Apetlon (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (12) at Lange Lacke (LÖFFLER 1960a),
wells (3) at Unterer and Oberer Stinkersee (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near Gols (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1)
near Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near Rust (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) at Purbach (LÖFFLER 1960a),
pond at Rust (LÖFFLER 1960a), pond at Oberloisdorf (LÖFFLER 1960a), ponds (>5) Seewinkel (LÖFFLER
1959; METZ & FORRÓ 1989), Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1959, 1979a; FORRÓ 1990, 1991);
Danube river (NAIDENOV 1985).
General distribution: Austria: all around the country; World: cosmopolitan.
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, backwaters, all types of small water bodies, benthic zone
of lakes.
Eucyclops speratus (LILLJEBORG, 1901)
Cyclops varius var. speratus LILLJEBORG, 1901: 88.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959); Niederösterreich: Gießgang
Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters at Regelsbrunn (S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996); Wien/Niederösterreich:
Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998); Wien: Lusthauswasser, Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938); Burgenland:
Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954; LÖFFLER 1979a); Weißer See, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lower Alps S, backwaters of Danube
river N, lowlands N, W, B (Fig. 5); World: Holarctic, South Africa, India, Cuba,
Colombia.
Biotope: rivers, backwaters, perennial and periodic (scarce) ponds, littoral zone of lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
563
Genus Macrocyclops CLAUS, 1893
Macrocyclops albidus (JURINE, 1820)
Monoculus quadricornis albidus JURINE, 1820: 44.
Cyclops annulicornis KOCH, 1838: 6.
C. tenuicornis CLAUS, 1857a: 31.
C. pennatus CLAUS, 1857a: 55.
C. clausi POGGENPOL, 1874: 70.
C. signatus ULJANIN, 1875: 29.
C. josephi MONIEZ, 1889: 176.
C. gyrinus FORBES, 1891:707.
C. viridosignatus BYRNES, 1909: 23.
Localities: Tirol: Piburger See (PESTA 1923; FÜREDER 1995), Achensee (PESTA 1923), Loarbecken,
Brixlegg-Kramsach (PESTA 1938b); Salzburg: Mattsee (PESTA 1923), Zellersee (PESTA 1923), Faistenauer
Hintersee (PESTA 1923), Niedertrumer See (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980), Mattsee (MOOG & JAGSCH 1980);
Kärnten: Großer Magdalenensee (PESTA 1923), Ossiacher See (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: Lunzer
Untersee (PESTA 1923); Danube reservoir Altenwörth (C. Jersabek & A. Herzig, pers.comm.); Gießgang
and backwaters, Greifenstein (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1996), side branches of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998); Wien:
groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994), Alte Donau (STARMÜHLNER & al. 1972) Obere
Lobau (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986), backwaters at Stadlau (PESTA 1917); Burgenland: pond near Rust (LÖFFLER
1960a), Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979a); Danube river (HUMPESCH & MOOG 1994).
General distribution: Austria: from the Alps until lowlands T, S, K, St, N, W, B,
Danube river; World: cosmopolitan (except Australian region).
Biotope: groundwater, rivers, backwaters, perennial ponds, littoral zone of ponds and lakes.
Macrocyclops distinctus (RICHARD, 1887)
Cyclops tennuicornis var. distinctus RICHARD, 1887: 162.
C. gracilifornis LANDE, 1890: 345.
C. annulicornis RICHARD, 1891: 225.
C. bistriatus SCOURFIELD, 1898: 325.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (EINSLE 1993).
General distribution: Austria: just known from Bodensee V (Fig. 5); World: Europe,
New Zealand, India.
Biotope: small water bodies with macrophytes, littoral zone of ponds and lakes.
Macrocyclops fuscus (JURINE, 1820)
Monoculus quadricornis fuscus JURINE, 1820: 47.
Cyclops signatus KOCH, 1838: 8.
C. coronatus CLAUS, 1857a: 29.
C. tenuicaudis (part.) HERRICK, 1884: 153..
Localities: Vorarlberg: Bodensee (PESTA 1923); Tirol: Wildsee, Seefeld (PESTA 1923); Salzburg:
Faistenauer Hintersee (PESTA 1923); Kärnten: Berghaustümpelsee, area of Königsstuhl (PESTA 1923),
Großer Magdalenensee (PESTA 1923); Steiermark: Lambrechtersee (PESTA 1923), Grundlsee (PESTA 1923);
Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923), Hallstätter See (PESTA 1923), pond near Micheldorf/Krems (S.
GAVIRIA, pers. obs. 1997); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee (PESTA 1923), Gießgang Greifenstein, inundated
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
564
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
forest (GAVIRIA in press), backwaters of Regelsbrunn (S. GAVIRIA, pers. obs. 1996); Wien: Lusthauswasser,
Prater (VORNATSCHER 1938); Burgenland: pond near Rust (LÖFFLER 1960a), Neusiedler See (PESTA 1954;
LÖFFLER 1979a), limnocrene at Sieggraben (LÖFFLER 1960b).
General distribution: Austria: in the whole country (Fig. 5); World: Palaearctic,
South America, Malaysia.
Biotope: groundwater, backwaters, perennial ponds, littoral and profundal zone of lakes.
Genus Paracyclops CLAUS, 1893
Paracyclops affinis (G.O. SARS, 1863)
Cyclops affinis SARS, 1863: 256.
C. pygmaues REHBERG, 1880: 546.
Localities: Salzburg: groundwater of Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959); Kärnten:
Turnersee (SAMPL 1970); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Untersee (PESTA 1923); Wien: Alte Donau (PESTA
1928b); Burgenland: Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959).
General distribution: Austria: known from 5 sites in the country: 1 lake in the Alps,
1 lake in the southern Lower Alps, 2 sites in the eastern country, 1 site in groundwater
of Salzburg; World: Holarctic, Orientalis, Ethiopie region.
Biotope: groundwater, benthic zone of small water bodies, littoral zone of ponds and lakes.
Paracylops fimbriatus (FISCHER, 1853)
Cyclops fimbriatus FISCHER, 1853: 94.
C. crassicornis SARS, 1863: 256.
C. graedleri HELLER, 1870: 47.
C. pauper FRIC, 1872: 233.
C. magniceps VERNET, 1878: 532.
C. margoi DADAY, 1885: 264.
C. bathybius DADAY, 1897: 167.
Localities: Vorarlberg: Lünersee (PESTA 1923); Tirol: interstitial zone, glacial brook at Obergurgl (KIEFER 1976),
pond at Ampmoosalpe, Rofangruppe, Kalkalpen (PESTA 1935), small pond near Magdeburger Hütte (PESTA
1935), Schwefelsee near Amberger Hütte (PESTA 1935) Piburgersee (FÜREDER 1985) ; Salzburg: groundwater of
Salzburger Becken, Lower Alps (PRIESEL-DICHTL 1959); Kärnten: Jeserzer See (DUDZINSKI 1979), Millstätter See
(PESTA 1923); Steiermark: cave Lurhöhle, Peggau (KIEFER 1934 pers. comm. P. Pospisil), Weizelsdorfer Badesee
(FRESNER 1995), spring at Pinkenkogel, Semmering (KIEFER 1964); Oberösterreich: Attersee (PESTA 1923),
Hallstätter See (PESTA 1923); Niederösterreich: Lunzer Mittersee (PESTA 1923), cave Hermannshöhle, Kirchberg
am Wechsel (KIEFER 1964), Falkensteinhöhle (STROUHAL 1954), well (1) at Langenzersdorf (KIEFER 1964), wells
(2) at Schagges and Harbach, Waldviertel (A. Fuchs & S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1998), groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983), side branches of Untere Thaya (FORRÓ 1993), Danube reservoir
Altenwörth (A. Herzig & Ch. Jersabek, pers. comm.); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994,
1998; ERNEGGER & al. 1998); Wien: spring at Kreuzeichenwiese (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien: backwaters of
Stadlau (PESTA 1917), Alte Donau (STARMÜHLNER & al. 1972); Burgenland: wells (6) near Halbturm (LÖFFLER
1960a), well (1) near Frauenkirchen (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (2) near Wallern (LÖFFLER 1960a), wells (4) near
Illmitz (LÖFFLER 1960a), well (1) near Obere Halbjochlacke (LÖFFLER 1960a), Szerdahelyer Lacke, Seewinkel
(LÖFFLER 1959), well Radbrunnen (1), Gattendorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well (1), Nickelsdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well
Pumpbrunnen (1) at Zurndorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), well Radbrunnen (1) at Mönchhof (LÖFFLER 1960b), draw-wells
(2) at Oggau (LÖFFLER 1960a, b), well Radbrunnen (1), Kroatisch Minihof (LÖFFLER 1960b), cistern at Kroatisch
Geresdorf (LÖFFLER 1960b), Neusiedler See (FORRÓ 1990); Danube river (NAIDENOV 1985).
General distribution: Austria: in the whole country; World: cosmopolitan.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
565
Biotope: groundwater, brooks, benthic zone of perennial ponds, littoral and profundal
zone of lakes.
Paracyclops poppei (REHBERG, 1880)
Cyclops poppei REHBERG, 1880: 550.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Kamp river (P. Pospisil, pers.comm.); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998).
General distribution: Austria: new for the country from benthos of tributaries of the
Danube in N, W (Fig. 5); World: Europe, America, Tunisia, South Africa, Israel.
Biotope: groundwater, brooks, rivers, benthic zone of perennial ponds, littoral and profundal zone of lakes.
Genus Tropocyclops KIEFER 1927
Tropocyclops prasinus (FISCHER, 1860)
Cyclops prasinus FISCHER, 1860: 652.
C. longicornis VERNET, 1871: 44.
C. fluviatilis HERRICK, 1882: 131.
C. magnoctavus CRAGIN, 1883: 70.
C. horvathi DADAY, 1885: 212.
C. pentagonus VOSSELER, 1886: 167.
C.pusillus BRADY, 1904: 124.
C. tenellus SARS, 1909: 52.
Localities: Burgenland: Martenthallacke, Apetlon, Seewinkel (LÖFFLER 1959); limnocrene near Sieggraben
(LÖFFLER 1960b).
General distribution: Austria: known just from 2 sites in B (Fig. 5); World: Palaearctic,
Ethiopian region, Oriental region, America, Philippines.
Biotope: perennial ponds, littoral and pelagic (scarce) zone of ponds.
Order Harpacticoida SARS 1911
(new records after 1970)
The localities compilated by LÖFFLER & NEUHUBER (1970) for each species were not
repeated here. However, they are included in the description of the general distribution
of the species for the country. No distribution maps of the harpacticoids are given.
Family Ameiridae MONARD, 1927
Genus Nitocra BOECK, 1865
Nitocra hibernica (BRADY, 1880)
Canthocamptus hibernicus BRADY, 1880: 52.
Nitocra hibernica SCHMEIL, 1894b: 78.
Nitocra incerta (RICHARD) SARS, 1927b: 328.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
566
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Nitocra inuber (SCHMANKEWITSCH) GURNEY, 1927: 545.
not Dactylopus inuber SCHMANKEWITSCH, 1875: 165.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Melk, Danube river (KIEFER 1976); Danube river, between Greifenstein and Wien
(MOOG & al. 1995); Wien: Danube river, Freudenau (S. Gavina, pers. obs. 1995), groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983); Wien/ Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998).
General distribution: Austria: Danube river and tributaries, backwaters N, W, Neusiedler
See B; World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: benthic zone of rivers, brooks, small water bodies and lakes (from freshwater
to oligohaline).
Genus Nitocrella CHAPPUIS, 1924
Nitocrella hirta tirolensis KIEFER, 1963
Nitocrella hirta tirolensis KIEFER, 1963: 49.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: groundwater at Innsbruck T; World: Austria, Switzerland.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Nitocrella hofmilleri BREHM, 1953
Nitocrella hofmilleri BREHM, 1953: 14.
Localities: no new reports after 1970.
General distribution: Austria: wells near Salzburg S; World: Austria.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Family Canthocamptidae BRADY, 1880
Genus Attheyella BRADY, 1880
Subgenus Attheyella s.str. BRADY, 1880
Attheyella (Attheyella) crassa (SARS, 1863)
Canthocamptus crassus SARS, 1863: 232.
Attheyella crassa CHAPPUIS, 1928 : 46; 1929a : 486.
A. crassa schmeili GAGERN, 1938: 175, 179.
Localities: Oberösterreich: Feichtauerseen (JERSABEK & SCHABETSBERGER 1990); Niederösterreich:
Danube river between Altenwörth and Greifenstein (MOOG & al. 1995), Danube river at Melk (KIEFER
1976), Obererseebach, Lunz (KOWARC 1992); Wien/Niederösterreich: Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1998);
Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983).
General distribution: Austria: from Alps (up to 2500 m) until lowlands V, S, O, N, W,
B, Danube river N; World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: groundwater, benthic zone of rivers, brooks, small water bodies and lakes.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
567
Attheyella (Attheyella) wierzejski (MRÂZEK, 1893b)
Canthocamptus wierzejskii MRÄZEK, 1893B: 121.
Attheyella (Attheyella) wierzejskii CHAPPUIS, 1928: 46; 1929a : 486.
Localities: Oberösterreich: springs at Kalkalpen (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995); Niederösterreich: Danube
river at Melk (KIEFER 1976 - wrong transfer of LÖFFLER & NEUHUBER 1970), Obere Ybbs, at Langau and
Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976), Oberer Seebach, Lunz (KIEFER 1976; KOWARC 1992).
General distribution: Austria: Prealpine springs and lakes O, brooks and lakes near
Lunz N and Mariazeil St, Gründlsee St, Leithagebirge B; World: Europe.
Biotope: groundwater, springs, benthic zone of rivers and brooks, profundal zone of
lakes (summer-cold-stenothermic).
Subgenus Brehmiella CHAPPUIS, 1928
Attheyella (Brehmiella) dentata (POGGENPOOL, 1874)
Canthocamptus dentatus POGGENPOOL, 1874: 73.
Canthocamptus northumbricus BRADY, 1880: 57.
Attheyella (Brehmiella) northumbrica CHAPPUIS, 1928: 48; 1929a : 486.
A. (B.) dentata LANG, 1948: 976.
Brehmiella northumbrica STERBA, 1969: 162.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: Lunzer Untersee N; World: Europe until Caspian Sea,
Mongolia, China.
Biotope: groundwater, benthic zone of small water bodies and lakes.
Attheyella (Brehmiella) trispinosa (BRADY, 1880)
Canthocamptus trispinosus BRADY, 1880: 55.
Attheyella (Brehmiella) trispinosa CHAPPUIS, 1928: 46; 1929a: 488.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Danube river, between Greifenstein and Wien (MOOG & al. 1995).
General distribution: Austria: Faistenauer Hintersee S, Danube river N, Alte Donau
(1928) W, Seewinkel and Neusiedlersee B; World: Europe, northern Africa, Israel, Turkey.
Biotope: benthic zone of small water bodies and lakes.
Genus Bryocamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929b
Subgenus Arcticocamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929a
Bryocamtus (Arcticocamptus) abnobensis KIEFER, 1929a
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) rhaeticus abnobensis KIEFER, 1929a: 321.
B. (A.) abnobensis KIEFER, 1933: 185.
A. abnobensis BORUTZKY, 1952: 219; DAMIAN-GEORGESCU, 1970: 134.
Localities: Tirol: two puddles in Gaißbergtal, Obergurgl (REED, 1970).
General distribution: Austria: Gaißbergtal (2345 - 2340 m), Obergurgl T; World:
Central Europe, Rumania, Yugoslavia.
Biotope: wet mosses in Alpine regions.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
568
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) alpestris (VOGT, 1845)
Cyclopsine alpestris VOGT, 1845: 17.
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) alpestris CHAPPUIS, 1929a : 479.
Arcticocamptus alpestris BORUTZKY, 1952: 222.
Localities: Tirol: Obergurgl, Ötztaler Alpen (KJEFER, 1976).
General distribution: Austria: Moostal, region of Arlberg (1700-2300m), Ötztaler
Alpen (2060-2600m) T; World: Europe (high mountains).
Biotope: groundwater, wet mosses, springs, benthic zone of lakes (cold-stenothermic
alpine form).
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) cuspidatus (SCHMEIL, 1893a)
Canthocamptus cuspidatus SCHMEIL, 1893a: 36.
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) cuspidatus, CHAPPUIS, 1929a : 479.
Arcticocamptus cuspidatus BORUTZKY, 1952: 223; DAMIAN-GEORGESCU, 1970: 127.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, end of the valley and Obergurgl (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, ponds
near Unterer Schwenzersee, Zirbelwald, Gaißbergtal, Auf der Nase (REED 1970), Stubai, Dresdner und
Sulzenauerhütte (KIEFER 1976); Niederösterreich: Oberer Seebach, Lunz (KIEFER 1976; KOWARC 1992),
Obere Ybbs at Langau and Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: high Alps T, K, St, region of Lunz and Waldviertel N;
World: Europe, Greenland, Canada.
Biotope: groundwater, mosses {Sphagnum), littoral and profundal zone of rivers, brooks and lakes.
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) laccophilus (KESSLER, 1914a)
Canthocamptus laccophilus KESSLER, 1914a: 628.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) laccophilus CHAPPUIS, 1929a : 479.
Arcticocamptus (B.) laccophilus PEST'A, 1932: 108.
A. laccophilus BORUTZKY, 1952: 221.
Localities: Tirol: 2 ponds near Soomsee (REED 1970), pond near Tribessee (REED 1970), Unterer
Plenderlesee (REED 1970).
General distribution: Austria: known only from 4 sites: ponds near Soomsee and
Tribessee, Unterer Plenderlesee T; World: Central Europe, France, Poland, Rumania.
Biotope: mosses, helocrenes, benthic zone of ponds.
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) rhaeticus (SCHMEIL, 1893a)
Canthocamptus rhaeticus SCHMEIL, 1893a: 23.
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) rhaeticus CHAPPUIS, 1929a : 479.
Arcticocamptus (Bryocamptus) rhaeticus PESTA, 1932: 110.
A. rhaeticus BORUTZKY, 1952: 220; DAMIAN-GEORGESCU, 1970: 132.
Localities: Ötztaler Alpen (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, Mittlerer Schwenzer See, ponds near Soomsee (REED
1970), Stubai, Dresdner Hütte and Obergurgl (KIEFER 1976); Oberösterreich: Feichtauerseen (JERSABEK &
SCHABETSBERGER 1990); Niederösterreich: Obere Ybbs at Langau (KIEFER 1976), Weißenbach, Obere Ybbs
(KIEFER 1976), Oberer Seebach (KIEFER 1976), Lunzer Obersee (PESTA 1923; KIEFER 1976).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
569
General distribution: Austria: ground water and high Alpine lakes V, T, brooks and
lakes near Lunz, Obere Ybbs N, well at Mattighofen, Feichtenauer Seen O; World:
Central and western Europe.
Biotope: groundwater, benthic zone of small water bodies and lakes (cold-stenothermic).
Bryocamptus (Arcticocamptus) vandouwei (KESSLER, 1914a)
Canthocamptus vandouwei KESSLER, 1914a: 626.
Bryocamptus (B.) vandouwei CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 479.
Arcticocamptus (B.) vandouwei PESTA, 1932: 106.
A. vandouwei BORUTZKY, 1952: 220.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, ponds at Langtal, pond near
Soomsee (REED 1970), Stubai, Dresdner and Sulzenauerhütte (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: high Alps T; World: Pyrenees, Alps, Tatra, Carpathian
Mountains, Island.
Biotope: groundwater, mosses, interstitial zone of brooks, high mountain ponds.
Subgenus Bryocamptus s.str. CHAPPUIS, 1929b
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) minutus (CLAUS, 1863)
Canthocamptus minutus CLAUS, 1863: 122.
Bryocamptus minutus minnesotensis CHAPPUIS, 1929b: 44.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamtus) minutus CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 478.
Localities: Oberösterreich: Feichtenauerseen (JERSABEK & SCHABETSBERGER 1990); Niederösterreich:
Oberer Seebach, Lunz (KOWARC 1992), Danube river between Altenwörth and Greifenstein (MOOG & al.
1995); Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1994); Burgenland:
Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979a).
General distribution: Austria: all around the country, Danube river and backwaters N;
World: holarctic, North America to Yukatân.
Biotope: all types of water bodies, also groundwater and benthic zone of big rivers.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) vejdovskyi (MRÂZEK, 1893a)
Canthocamptus vejdovskyi MRÄZEK, 1893a: 35, 38.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) vejdovskyi CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 478.
Localities: Niederösterreich: periodic water bodies in the region of Lunz (BREHM 1942); Burgenland:
Stooberbach (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: riparian zone of Inn river T, Fresenhalsee K, region of
Lunz (Oberer Seebach, periodic ponds and lakes), Waldviertel (bogs) N, Stooberbach B;
World: Palaearctic.
Biotope: bogs, benthic zone of brooks, periodic and perennial small water bodies, lakes
(prefers oligotrophic and dystrophic water bodies, scarce in eutrophied water bodies).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
570
Annalen des Natur historischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Subgenus Limocamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929b
Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) echinatus (MRÄZEK, 1893b)
Canthocamptus echinatus MRÄZEK, 1893b: 124.
C. (Echinocamptus) luenensis SCHMEIL, 1894a: 343.
Echinocamptus (Echinocamptus) echinatus CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 483; BORUTZKY, 1952: 233.
E. (Echinocamptus) luenensis CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 483.
Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) echinatus LANG, 1948: 1105.
E. (Limocamptus) luenensis BORUTZKY, 1952: 240.
Bryocamptus luenensis LÖFFLER, 1961: 393.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl and end of the valley (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen,
Königstal, Unterer and Mittlerer Schwenzersee (REED 1970), Ötztaler Alpen, Geirneggsee, Rotfelssee,
Berglersee, Oberer Pendlerlesee (REED 1970), Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl, Gurgler Tümpel and Itlsee (REED
1970); Oberösterreich: springs at Kalkalpen (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995); Niederösterreich: Obere Ybbs at
Langau and Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976), brook near Waidhofen a.d.Ybbs (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.),
Nellingbach (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.), Oberer Seebach, Lunz (KIEFER 1976; KOWARC 1992), Lunzer
Obersee, excavations (KIEFER 1976); Burgenland: Leitha river (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.), Stooberbach (V.
Kowarc, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: Lüner See V, Ötztaler Alpen T, springs and wells O,
Lunz (springs, brooks and lakes), brook at Waidhofen a.d. Ybbs, Nellingbach, southwestern
Waldviertel N, Wolfsbrunn, Leitha river B; World: Europe, Iran.
Biotope: groundwater, mosses, springs, benthic zone of rivers and brooks, profundal
zone of lakes (cold-stenothermic)
Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) hoferi (VAN DOUWE, 1908)
Canthocamptus hoferi VAN DOUWE, 1908: 281.
Echinocamptus (Limocamptus) hoferi CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 483, BORUTZKY, 1952: 240.
Limocamptus (Echinocamptus) hoferi PESTA, 1932: 117.
Bryocamptus (Limocamptus) hoferi LANG, 1948: 1107.
Localities: no new reports after 1970.
General distribution: Austria: Prealpine lakes V, O, Gams O, region of Lunz (caves,
springs, wells), brook at Lunz N; World: Central and western Europe.
Biotope: caves, springs, littoral and profundal zone of brooks and lakes.
Subgenus Rheocamptus BORUTZKY, 1948
Bryocamptus (Rheocamptus) pygmaeus (SARS, 1863)
Canthocamptus pygmaeus SARS, 1863: 230.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) pygmaeus CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 479.; LANG, 1948: 1079.
B. (Rheocamptus) pygmaeus BORUTZKY, 1952: 199.
Localities: Oberösterreich: springs at Kalkalpen, O (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995); Niederösterreich: Oberer
Seebach (V. Kowarc pers. comm.).
General distribution: Austria: springs of calcarean Alps 0, brook near Lunz N;
World: Palaearctic, Nearctic ?, New Zealand ?
Biotope: all types of water bodies, also groundwater and brackish water.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
571
Bryocamptus (Rheocamptus) typhlops (MRÄZEK, 1893b)
Canthocamptus typhlops MRÂZEK, 1893b: 119.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) typhlops CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 479; LANG, 1948: 1082.
B. (Rheocamptus) typholps BORUTZKY, 1952: 205.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Oberer Seebach (KIEFER 1976; V. Kowarc, pers.comm.), Obere Ybbs at Langau
and Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976), Lunzer Obersee (KIEFER 1976); Burgenland: Lafnitz at Heiligenkreuz (V.
Kowarc, pers.comm.), Leitha at Zurndorf (Kowarc, pers.comm.), Stooberbach (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: Schneealpen, Karlgraben St, brooks and lakes in the
region of Lunz, Obere Ybbs (groundwater) N, wells at Leithagebirge, Lafnitz, Leitha
and Stooberbach B; World: Europe.
Biotope: groundwater, mosses, bogs, springs, benthic zone of rivers and brooks.
Bryocamptus (Rheocamptus) weberi (KESSLER, 1914b)
Canthocamptus weberi KESSLER, 1914b: 474.
Bryocamptus weberi bisetosus KIEFER, 1929a: 320.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) weberi CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 479; LANG, 1948: 1083.
B. (Rheocamptus) weberi BORUTZKY, 1952: 206.
Localities: Burgenland: Stooberbach (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: Waldviertel (bogs) N, Stooberbach B; World: Europe.
Biotope: caves, bogs, benthic zone of rivers and brooks, ponds.
Bryocamptus (Rheocamptus) zschokkei (SCHMEIL, 1893a)
Canthocamptus zschokkei SCHMEIL, 1893a: 31.
Bryocamptus (Bryocamptus) zschokkeii CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 479; LANG, 1948: 1067.
B. (Rheocamptus) zschokkei zschokkei BORUTZKY, 1952: 191.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl and end of the valley (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl,
pond at Zirbelwald (REED 1970), Ötztaler Alpen, Oberer and Unterer Plenderlesee (REED 1970), Ötztaler
Alpen, Königstal, Mittlerer and Unterer Schwenzer See (REED 1970), Stubai, Dresdner and Sulzenauerhütte
(KIEFER 1976); Oberösterreich: springs at Kalkalpen (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995); Niederösterreich:
Lunzer Obersee (BREHM 1913; KIEFER 1976), Oberer Seebach (KIEFER 1976; V. Kowarc pers. comm.),
Obere Ybbs at Langau and Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: from high mountains to lowlands V, T, S, K, O, N, B;
World: Holarctic.
Biotope: groundwater, caves, bogs, springs, littoral and profundal zone of rivers, brooks, small water bodies and lakes.
Genus Canthocamptus WESTWOOD, 1836
Canthocamptus staphylinus (JURINE, 1820)
Monoculus staphylinus JURINE, 1820: 74.
Canthocamptus minutus BAIRD, 1850: 204; BRADY, 1880: 48.
Canthocamptus staphylinus SCHMEIL, 1894b: 17; LANG, 1948: 923.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
572
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Localities: Tirol: Gurgler Tümpel, Gurgler Tal (REED 1970); Piburgersee (FÜREDER 1995); Kärnten:
Jeserzer See (DUDZINSKI 1979); Niederösterreich: Oberer Seebach, Lunz (V. Kowarc pers. comm.), Danube
river between Rührdorf and Greifenstein (MOOG & al. 1995), Regelsbrunn (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.);
Wien/Niederösterreich : Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1994, 1998); Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser,
Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: all around the country, Alps up to 3000 m, Danube
river N; World: Palaearctic, Borneo, Panama.
Biotope: in all types of surface waters, also in moist soils (prefers small water bodies;
oligohaline, cold-stenothermic).
Canthocamptus staphylinus microsfaphylinus (WOLF, 1905)
Canthocamtus microstaphylinus WOLF, 1905: 199; LANG, 1948: 930.
Localities: no new reports.
General distribution: Austria: all around the country, Alps up to 3000 m; World:
Palaearctic, Venezuela ?
Biotope: in all types of surface waters, also in moist soils (prefers small water bodies;
oligohaline, cold-stenothermic).
Genus Echinocamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929b
Echinocamptus pilosus (VAN DOUWE, 1911)
Canthocamptus pilosus VAN DOUWE, 1911: 475.
Echinocamptus (Echinocamptus) pilosus CHAPPUIS, 1929b: 45; BORUTZKY, 1952: 232.
Echinocamptus pilosus LANG, 1948: 1115.
Localities: Steiermark: cave Lurgrotte (U. Einsle, in JANETZKY & al. 1996); Oberösterreich: springs at
Kalkalpen (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995).
General distribution: Austria: springs, wells, caves K, St, O, N, B; World: Central
Europe, Turkey, Georgia.
Biotope: groundwater, caves, springs (stygobiontic, probably cold-stenothermic).
Genus Elaphoidella CHAPPUIS, 1929b: 49
Elaphoidella bidens (SCHMEIL, 1893b)
Canthocamptus bidens SCHMEIL, 1893b:73.
Attheyella coronata SARS, 1904: 641.
Elaphoidella bidens CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 491.
Elaphoidella bidens coronata CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 491.
Attheyella (Elaphoidella) bidens FRYER, 1957: 62.
Localities: Burgenland: Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979a).
General distribution: Austria: Seewinkel and Neusiedler See B; World: cosmopolitan.
Biotope: thermal springs, lentie water bodies.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
573
Elaphoidella elaphoides (C H APPUIS, 1924)
Canthocamptus elaphoides CHAPPUIS, 1924: 29.
Elaphoidella elaphoides CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 490
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: spring near St. Primus K; World: Central Europe.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Elaphoidella gracilis (SARS, 1863)
Canthocamptus gracilis SARS, 1863: 231.
Elaphoidella gracilis CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 491.
Localities: Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1994); Burgenland: Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979a).
General distribution: Austria: Lunz (Obersee, bogs) N, groundwater of Lobau W,
Neusiedler See B; World: Europe.
Biotope: moist soils, moist leaf litter, mosses, mossgrown riparian zone of lakes.
Elaphoidella plesai PESCE & GALASSI, 1994
Elaphoidella plesai PESCE & GALASSI, 1994: 91.
Localities: Steiermark: cave Lurgrotte (PESCE & GALASSI, 1994).
General distribution: Austria: cave Lurgrotte St; World: Austria.
Biotope: caves (stygobiontic).
Elaphoidella proserpina CHAPPUIS, 1934
Elaphoidellla proserpina CHAPPUIS, 1934: 214.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: cave Wilhelminenhöhle (Lunz) N; World: Austria.
Biotope: groundwater, springs (stygobiontic).
Genus Epactophanes MRÂZEK, 1893
Epactophanes richardi MRÂZEK, 1893
Epacthophanes richardi MRÄZEK, 1893: 108.
E. richardi LANG, 1948: 1026.
E.
E.
E.
E.
richardi
richardi
richardi
richardi
var. aculeatus KULHAVY, 1957: 41.
var. angulatus KULHAVY, 1957: 41.
var. bidens KULHAVY, 1957: 41.
var. incertae KULHAVY, 1957: 41.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl and end of the valley (KIEFER 1976); Wien: groundwater at
Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (DANIELOPOL 1983).
General distribution: Austria: all around the country; World: cosmopolitan.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
574
Annalen des Natur historischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Biotope: groundwater, springs, phytotelmes, moist leaf litter, bogs, mosses, Sphagnum,
benthic zone of rivers and brooks.
Genus Hypocamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929a
Hypocamptus brehmi (VAN DOUWE, 1922)
Maraenobiotus brehmi VAN DOUWE, 1922: 561.
Hypocamptus brehmi CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 482.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl and end of the valley (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl,
pond at Gaißbergtal (REED 1970).
General distribution: Austria: Alpine groundwater, regions of Arlberg and Ötztal T;
World: Central Europe, Spain.
Biotope: groundwater, springs, benthic zone of rivers and brooks, mosses in the littoral
zone of lakes.
Genus Maraenobiotus MRÂZEK, 1893b
Maraenobiotus brucei carpathicus CHAPPUIS, 1928
Maraenobiotus brucei carpathicus CHAPPUIS, 1928: 20.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: Moostal, region of Arlberg T; World: Alps, southeastern Europe.
Biotope: groundwater, caves, springs (cold-stenothermic).
Maraenobiotus insignipes alpinus KEILHACK, 1909
Maraenobiotus alpinus KEILHACK, 1909: 313.
Maraenobiotus insignipes alpinus LANG, 1948: 1021.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: Großfragant, Hohe Tauern K; World: Alpes (France,
Austria).
Biotope: benthic zone of lakes.
Maraenobiotus vejdovskyi zschokkei (KREIS, 1920)
Maraenobiotus zschokkei KREIS, 1920: 3.
Maraenobiotus vejdovskyi zschokkei LANG, 1948: 1017.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Ötztaler Alpen T; World: Alps (Switzerland, Austria).
Biotope: mosses and small accumulations of water in high mountain regions.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
575
Genus Moraria SCOTT, 1893
Moraria brevipes (SARS, 1863)
Canthocamptus brevipes SARS, 1863: 233.
Moraria brevipes GURNEY, 1904: 648, 660; LANG, 1948: 1034; BORUTZKY, 1952: 336.
Moraria sarsi BORUTZKY, 1925: 28, 40.
Localities: Tirol: Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl and end of the valley (KIEFER 1976), Ötztaler Alpen, Obergurgl,
pond at Gaißbergtal (REED 1970).
General distribution: Austria: Alpine groundwater in the regions of Ötztal and Arlberg
T, Waldviertel (bogs), wells near Lunz N; World: Europe.
Biotope: mainly in bogs and mosses, scarcely in groundwater or small accumulations
of water.
Moraria monticola (MENZEL, 1912)
Canthocamptus monticola MENZEL, 1912: 513.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: Sulzfluh (Rhätikon) (2800 m) V; World: Switzerland,
Austria.
Biotope: mosses in high mountain regions.
Moraria poppet (MRÂZEK, 1893b)
Ophiocamptus poppei MRÂZEK, 1893b: 114.
Moraria poppei BREHM, 1913: 578; LANG, 1948: 1036.
Moraria poppei meridionalis CHAPPUIS, 1929C: 101; BORUTZKY, 1952: 336.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Obere Ybbs at Landau and Weißenbach (KIEFER 1976), Oberer Seebach, Lunz
(KIEFER 1976; V. Kowarc pers. comm.), Lunzer Obersee (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: region of Lunz N, springs of Wulka B; World: Europe,
northern Africa.
Biotope: groundwater, mosses, benthic zone of rivers and brooks, ponds.
Moraria varica (GRAETER, 1911)
Canthocamptus variais GRAETER, 1911: 18.
Moraria varica CHAPPUIS, 1922: 15.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: wells near Lunz N; World: Central and western Europe.
Biotope: mainly in groundwater and springs, also in mosses and moist leaf litter.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
576
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Genus Paracamptus CHAPPUIS, 1929a
Paracamptus schmeili (MRÄZEK, 1893b)
Canthocamptus schmeili MRAZEK, 1893b: 116.
Paracamptus schmeili CHAPPUIS, 1929a: 477.
Paracamptus schmeili subterraneus STERBA, 1954: 166.
Localities: Niederösterreich: Oberer Seebach, Lunz (KOWARC 1992).
General distribution: Austria: lakes in the Lower Alps and Alps up to 2600m V, S, K, St,
N, Oberer Seebach (Lunz), Waldviertel N; World: Europe (except the extreme south).
Biotope: moist mosses, littoral and profundal zone of brooks and lakes, mainly in cold
and cool running waters of high mountain regions.
Family Parastenocaridae CHAPPUIS 1940
Genus Parastenocaris KESSLER, 1913
Parastenocaris austrìaca KIEFER, 1976
Parastenocaris (Minutacaris) austriaca KIEFER, 1976: 115.
Localities: Tirol: excavations at Sulzenauer- u. Dresdner Hütte, Stubai (KIEFER 1976).
General distribution: Austria: Alpine groundwater at Stubai (2350m) T; World:
Austria.
Biotope: interstitial zone of an Alpine clearwater-brook below the glacier (approx. 2350 m).
Parastenocarìs brevipes KESSLER, 1913
Parastenocaris brevipes KESSLER, 1913: 514.
Localities: no new reports
General distribution: Austria: Waldviertel (bogs) N; World: northern Europe including northern Germany, Austria.
Biotope: in Sphagnum, bogs, interstitial zone of running waters.
Parastenocarìs fontinalis SCHNITTER & CHAPPUIS, 1915
Parastenocaris fontinalis SCHNITTER & CHAPPUIS, 1915: 291.
Fontinalicaris fontinalis JACOBI, 1972: 139.
Localities: Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lobau W; World: Central and northern
Europe.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic; oligohaline until 4 ppm. salinity).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
577
Parastenocaris notti KIEFER, 1938
Parastenocaris nolli KIEFER, 1938: 144.
Proserpinicaris nolli JACOBI, 1972: 138.
Localities: Obere Ybbs (BREHM 1955; JANETZKY & al. 1996)
General distribution: Austria: Obere Ybbs N; World: Netherlands, Germany, Austria.
Biotope: groundwater (stygobiontic).
Parastenocaris phyllura KIEFER, 1938
Parastenocarisphyllura KIEFER, 1938: 147 (male); KUNZ, 1939: 151 (female); GLATZEL, 1991:
375 (redescription)
Proserpinicaris phyllura JACOBI, 1972: 138.
Localities: Wien: groundwater at Eberschüttwasser, Lobau (POSPISIL 1994).
General distribution: Austria: groundwater of Lobau W; World: Central and northern
Europe.
Biotope: moist sandy soils, limnic groundwater, coastal groundwater (oligohaline until
5-6 ppm. salinity).
Family Phyllognathopodidae GURNEY, 1928
Genus Phyllognathopus MRÂZEK, 1893b
Phyllognathopus viguieri (MAUPAS, 1892)
Belisarius viguieri MAUPAS, 1892: 135.
Phyllognathopus paludosus MRÂZEK, 1893b: 97.
Phyllognathopus viguieri GURNEY, 1932: 8; LANG, 1948: 268.
Viguierella coeca BORUTZKY, 1952: 93.
Localities: Burgenland: Neusiedler See (LÖFFLER 1979a), Stooberbach (V. Kowarc, pers.comm.).
General distribution: Austria: bogs at Lungau S, wells at Klosterneuburg, Kaltenbach N,
Alte Donau, groundwater of Lobau W, Neusiedler See, Stooberbach B; World: cosmopolitan.
Biotope: groundwater, fitotelms, bogs, benthic zone of brooks and lakes.
Notes on general distribution
Among Austrian copepods, the order Calanoida is the best known group (Fig. 1). There is
a clear division of species that live in the Alps e.g. Mixodiaptomus tatricus, Acanthodiaptomus denticornis and Arctodiaptomus alpinus and species restricted to the eastern
lowland e.g. Arctodiaptomus spinosus, Arctodiaptomus bacillifer, Mixodiaptomus
kupelwieseri and Hemidiaptomus amblyodon. Arctodiaptomus alpinus, known from 5
localities, should have a wider distribution in mountain, lakes, comparable to that of
Acanthodiaptomus denticornis. Heterocope saliens, inhabiting many ponds and small
lakes of the Alps, is also known from lakes of the Lower Alps in Kärnten and the
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
578
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien JOO B
Salzkammergut, but has disappeared in the Weissensee (SAMPL 1971); this is probably
a result of fish stocking, although there is not enough evidence for that argument. In the
Bodensee, fish and Cyclops vicinus were in part responsable for the extinction of
Heterocope borealis (LÖFFLER 1983). Some species are truly pelagic like Arctodiaptomus
alpinus and Eudiaptomus graciloides. Most of them also live near the littoral zone of lakes
and in ponds. In the Danube, two species occur mainly in its backwaters, namely
Eudiaptomus gracilis and Eurytemora velox, the latter preferring protected zones near
the littoral and between aquatic plants. Mixodiaptomus laciniatus is known from lakes
of the Lower Alps, and the species seems to be restricted to lakes with lower trophic
conditions. Lake Mondsee suffered increasing eutrophication in the 1960s and that species,
inhabitant of the lake in the past, has not been found there since 1971 (NAUWERCK 1988).
Among calanoids, Eudiaptomus gracilis is distributed all around the country but commonly
below an altitude of 1000 m. Other species are very scarce and restricted to certain
areas. Eudiaptomus vulgaris has been collected in three small water bodies in the Lower
Alps of Tirol, but since 1938 (PESTA 1938) it has not been reported again. It is, however,
widespread in Europe, and even reported recently as a new component of the crustacean
fauna of the Litzelsee near Konstanz in Germany (EINSLE 1993).
Three other species, Arctodiaptomus wierzejskii, Diaptomus castor and Eudiaptomus
zachariasi, are very rare and limited to locations in the south or east of the country.
Arctodiaptomus wierzejskii was collected in two ponds during the 1950s (PESTA 1954;
LÖFFLER 1959) and has not been reported again. The pond in the Seewinkel, Szerdaherlyer
Lacke (= Schwarzsee Lacke) by Angau, was strongly reduced in its surface, the pond near
Schwechat was a temporary waterbody. This species seems to be endangered in Austria.
Diaptomus castor should also be considered as endangered in Austria. This species was
found only until 1923 in the Millstättersee by Pesta. The pond in Stadlau where it lived
in the 1920s (PESTA 1923), seems not to exist anymore. Although Diaptomus castor is
a typical inhabitant of periodic ponds, it is able to live in small permanent water bodies.
It should be present in the Lobau, but it was not found in any of the nine water bodies
studied between 1976 and 1978 (PFAFFENWIMMER 1986). Recently it was collected in the
backwaters of the Danube at Klosterneuburg (FORRÓ 1993). PESTA (1923) reported the
presence of the species in the Haider See (1450 m.a.s.l. of altitude), which is located in
the Italian Alps near the Austrian border.
After its report in 1923 at Graz and Leoben (PESTA 1923), Eudiaptomus zachariasi has
been found again only in a fish-pond at Giissing in southern Burgenland. The species is
very scarce in Central Europe and there is few information about its biology.
Figures 2 - 5 show the distribution of cyclopoids. A clear separation of Cyclops abyssorum
tatricus can be observed from Cyclops abyssorum prealpinus and Cyclops bohater. The
first is distributed in high mountain lakes (eastern Tirol and Vorarlberg, Lunz), in contrast to
Cyclops abyssorum prealpinus and Cyclops bohater in the Lower Alpine lakes (Fig. 3). A
fourth species, Cyclops vicinus, is a new immigrant in Alpine lakes, as it was mentioned
by LÖFFLER (1983). It was reported for the first time in Bodensee in 1954 (KIEFER 1954).
The expansion of this species in the northern Lower Alpine lakes ocurred in Germany
(EINSLE 1993), but also in Austria. The species lives today in Piburger See (FÜREDER
1995; S. Gaviria, pers. obs. 1996), Mondsee (NAUWERCK 1988), Wallersee (RECKENDORFER
1992) and also in the small lake Ferlacher Badesee in the Lower Alps of Kärnten
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
579
(FRESNER 1995). Its expansion was probably caused by increasing eutrophication and
fish transfer from one lake to another. It is also common in the Danube river, the lower
reaches of its tributaries and its backwaters. Reports of this species in the Danube are
known since 1970 (NAIDENOV 1985). Cyclops vicinus coexists in the river with Cyclops
strenuus during summer and autumn, but only the former occurred during spring between 1970 and 1979. No clear explanation can be offered regarding the absence of
Cyclops strenuus during spring. Cyclops vicinus seems to be also a new component of
the copepod fauna of several Seewinkel ponds (METZ & FORRÓ 1989), while it was not
found during the intensive faunistic survey by LÖFFLER in this region between 1957 and
1960. The only Cyclops species found at that time was C. strenuus, which is still more
common than C. vicinus in the Seewinkel (FORRÓ 1992b).
Due to the uncertain taxonomic determination of Cyclops strenuus, specially from small
lakes of the Alps, its distribution is not quite clear. Cyclops furcifer was found by
LÖFFLER (1957) in the Neusiedler See, but no further reports seem to exist. Its second
known locality, the Salziger See near Tadten (LÖFFLER 1959), has dried up completely
in the meantime.
Acanthocyclops vernalis and Acanthocyclops robustus were often confused in the past.
Acanthocyclops robustus seems to be the common and more abundant species in the
backwaters of the Danube river (area of Greifenstein, Regelsbrunn, Marchfeldkanal).
Acanthocyclops vernalis was found at Lobau (Hanselgrund Altarm) (P. Pospisil, pers.
comm.), Marchfeldkanal (GAVIRIA 1998) and Donaukanal (DANIELOPOL 1983). "Pans"
in Burgenland are inhabited today by Acanthocyclops robustus and Hungarian "pans" by
Acanthocyclops vernalis (FORRÓ 1992b). It is not clear which of the two species lived in
the Seewinkel during the 1950s. LÖFFLER (1957, 1959) identified it as Acanthocyclops
vernalis, probably using taxonomic characters like the spine formula of the thoracopods,
but this approach seems not to be valid today. Only one species, Acanthocyclops robustus,
occurs in the Neusiedler See (HERZIG 1979; LÖFFLER 1979a).
The cosmopolitan species Eucyclops serrulatus, Paracyclops fimbriatus and Megacyclops viridis are found all over the country. Macrocyclops fuscus has been reported
from all Austrian districts, but it is not so common as the cosmopolitans.
Some planktonic species like Thermocyclops spp. prefer warm waters and are distributed
outside the Alpine region (Fig. 4). Thermocyclops crassus and Thermocyclops oithonoides
can even live in the same water body, but occupy different niches. The former seems to prefer more eutrophic waters like the Wasser Park at the Alte Donau, while Thermocyclops
oithonoides lives in the open lake. At Neusiedler See, Thermocyclops crassus co-exists
with Thermocyclops dybowsky in the reedbelt, but in contrast to the latter, Thermocyclops crassus can only ocasionally be found in the open lake (LÖFFLER, 1979). Much
more common is Mesocyclops leuckartii, which is also a warm stenothermic species. It
is widely distributed around the country, and forms part of the plankton of many lakes
of the Lower Alps until an altitude of 850 m. It also lives near the littoral zone, as in
Neusiedler See, and is even able to feed on the bottom, as demostrated by PAPINSKA
(1985).
Species of the genus Metacyclops (except Metacyclops varicans) and Microcyclops are
rare and restricted to the eastern region of Austria (Fig. 4). Most of them live in benthic
habitats; only Metacyclops gracilis can be also planktonic.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
580
Annalen des Natur historischen Museums in Wien 100 B
Benthic species such as Tropocyclops prasinus, Paracyclops affinis, Eucyclops denticulatus and Ectocyclops phaleratus are very rare. Macrocyclops distinctus is known only
from the Bodensee.
There is a different distribution of Eucyclops macrurus and Eucyclops macruroides
(Fig. 5). Both of them are adapted to the littoral zone of water bodies. While Eucyclops
macrurus lives in lakes of the Lower Alps, Eucyclops macruroides (with exception of a pond
in Tirol and the Lunzer Obersee?) is restricted to the backwaters of the eastern stretch
of the Danube. Eucyclops speratus has a similar distribution as Eucyclops macruroides,
but it has also been found in groundwaters of the Salzburg basin.
Species of Diacyclops (Fig. 2) show the following distribution: Diacyclops bicuspidatus
is very common in the basin of Wien, eastern Niederösterreich and Burgenland, being
absent in the rest of the country. Although it is known elsewhere as a species of surface
waters, it has been collected in groundwater in Wien (Lobau) too. In contrast, Diacyclops
bisetosus, a species known from surface and groundwaters, is with the exception of the
Seewinkel, limited to subterranean waters in Austria. It is distributed in the eastern part
of the country with a single record from Salzburg in the west. It is not known from the
south (Kärnten). Diacyclops languidoides and Diacyclops crassicaudis are typical coldstenothermic forms that live in surface waters of high mountains and in groundwater
habitats in lower plains of the east.
Although EINSLE (1993) affirmed that Megacyclops gigas lives in most of the lakes of
the Lower Alps, in Austria the species is only known from Bodensee. Additionally it has
been recorded from two localities near Wien. As a common inhabitant of the profundal
zone of lakes and of small ponds, it is expected to be found at much more sites.
Nine cyclopoid species are restricted to groundwaters (stygobiontic species): Austriocyclops
vindobonae, Eucyclops graeteri, Speocyclops cerberus, Graeteriella laisi, Graeteriella
unisetigera, Acanthocyclops gmeineri, Acanthocyclops kieferi, Acanthocyclops sensitivus
and Acanthocyclops rhenanus. Acanthocyclops sensitivus is widely distributed (Fig. 2),
while the others are known mostly from 2 sites (Fig. 2 and 5). Despite intensive groundwater survey in Burgenland in the past, Acanthocyclops sensitivus has not been found in
that region. With exception of Speocyclops cerberus and Graeteriella laisi, these species
are distributed in the eastern lowlands. Wide areas of the country have not been studied
with respect to groundwater cyclopoids (e.g. Kärnten and great part of Steiermark).
The distribution of harpacticoids in Austria was investigated by LÖFFLER & NEUHUBER
(1970). Since that time, eight species have been added to the Austrian fauna. Bryocamptus
laccophilus, Bryocamptus abnobensis and Maraenobiotus vejdovskyi zschokkei were
collected in high mountain water bodies in Tirol. Two species are known from interstitial
waters of Alpine brooks, namely Parastenocaris nolli from Niederösterreich (BREHM 1955)
(not included in the 1970 inventory) and Parastenocaris austriaca described from a brook
in Tirol (KIEFER 1996). The remaining three are typical groundwater species. Parastenocaris
fontinalis and Parastenocaris phyllura are inhabitants of the Lobau (POSPISIL 1994);
Elaphoidella plesai was described recently from a cave in the Steiermark (PESCE &
GALASSI 1994).
New reports of already known species have been made based on surveys done mainly
at the Ötztaler Alps, in bed sediments of the rivers Leitha, Lafnitz and Nellingsbach in
eastern Austria (V. Kowarc, unpublished data), from wells of the National Park Kalk-
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA: Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
581
alpen in Oberösterreich (WEIGAND & TOCKNER 1995) and in groundwater habitats in
Wien and surroundings (DANIELOPOL 1983; POSPISIL 1989, 1994).
It should be noted that within cyclopoids inhabiting groundwater, the genus Diacyclops
(complex languidus / languidoides) seems to occur in more than two different forms.
Moreover, individuals of Megacyclops collected by the author from wells and limnocrens
in Niederösterreich, did not fit with descriptions of the known species. Groundwater
harpacticoids have received less attention compared to cyclopoids in the last 30 years.
Additional species of Parastenocaris, Nitocrella, Moraria and possibly of Elaphoidella
may be found.
Surveys of the meiofauna of bed sediments of rivers and the profundal benthos of lakes
should increase the present inventory.
Acknowledgements
Thanks go to O. Moog (Boku, University of Agricultural Sciences) who encouraged me to compile this
inventory. My thanks are also given to A. Herzig (Biologische Station Ilmitz), L. Forró (Museum of Natural
History, Budapest), P. Pospisil (University of Vienna) and V. Kowarc (Arge Limnologie, Vienna) for supplying unpublished records, to A. Kovanetz (Environmental Authorities, Vienna), B. Tartarotti (University
of Innsbruck), C. Holarek, K. Jurkowitsch, M. Ölzant and W. Reckendorfer (University of Vienna), J.
Hinteregger (Oiko Consulting, Vienna) for supplying samples, to R. Fresner (Institute of Lake Research,
Klagenfurt) for sending publications, to A. Amézquita, D. Berner, L. Flore, J.L.Gaviria, X. Guo, A. Hantschk,
H. Jobstmann, G. Sageder and I. Zweimüller for assistance in the field, to E. Gaviria and L. Mwebaza
(University of Vienna) for helping to type and correct the manuscript.
This work was partially supported by the "Österreichisches Nationalkommitee (ÖN) der Internationale
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Donauforschung (IAD), Societas Internationalis Limnologia (SIL)", the University of
Agricultural Sciencies, Dep. of Hydrobiology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, and the University of Vienna,
Faculty of Natural Sciences.
This paper is dedicated to Roland Albert, Coordination Office for Ecological Studies, University of Vienna.
References
AM ANN, E. 1970: Eine biologische Studie des Kalbelesees mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der
Fischerei. - Jahrbücher des Vorarlberger Landesmuseums Vereins: 1 - 26.
BAIRD, W. 1850: Natural History of the British Entomostraca. - Ray Society, London, 364 pp.
BALDI, E. 1925: I Copepodi lariani.- In: R. MONTI (ed.): La Limnologia del Lario, Rom, 50 pp.
BOECK, A. 1865: Oversigt over de ved Norges Kyster iagttagne Copepoder henhörende til Calani-
dernes, Cyclopidernes og Harpactidernes Falilier. - Vidensk. Selskab. Forhandlinger for
1864: 1 - 57.
BORUTZKY, E.V. 1925: K faune Harpacticidae (Copepoda) Kosinskikh torfyanikov (La faune des
Harpacticides de tourbière près de Kossino). - Trudy Kosinskoi Biologicheskoi Stantsii
2: 25 - 42.
BORUTZKY, E.V. 1948: Material zur Untersuchung der Fauna des Baikalsees: Canthocamptus
WESTWOOD, 1948 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) (in Russian). - Dokl. Akademia Nauk
SSSR 59 (9): 1669 - 1672.
BORUTZKY, E.V. 1952: Fauna of U.S.S.R., Crustacea, Freshwater Harpacticoida. - Izdatel'stvo
Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva, 424pp. (in Russian, english translation by IPST Jerusalem,
1964, 396pp.).
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
582
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
G.S. 1880: A monograph of the free and semi-parasitic Copepoda of the British Islands.
Vol. II. Harpacticidae. - Ray Society, London, 182 pp.
BRADY, G.S. 1892: A revision of the Britisch species of freshwater Cyclopidae and Calanidae .
- Transactions of the Natural History Society, Northcumbria 11: 68 - 120.
BRADY, G.S. 1904: On Entomostraca collected in Natal by M.J. Gibson. - Proceedings of the
Zoological Society, London 2: 121 - 128.
BRADY, G.S. 1913: On two british Entomostraca belonging to the orders Copepoda and Ostracoda {Diaptomus pusillus n. sp. ). - Proceedings of the zoological Society of London 1 :
231-234.
BRIAN, A. 1927: Copepodi raccolti in alcuni laghi della Alpi e dell 'Appennino e descrizione di
nueve forme di Diaptomus. - Memoria de la Società Entomologica Italiana 6: 26 - 36.
BREHM, V. 1907: Über das Vorkommen von Diaptomus tatricus WIERZEJSKI in den Ostalpen und
über Diaptomus kupelwieseri nov. sp. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 31 (9/10): 319 - 328.
BREHM, V. 1909: Charakteristik der Fauna des Lunzer Mittersees. - Sonderabdruck Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie & Hydrographie, Band II (1909): 741 - 748.
BREHM, V. 1913: Über die Harpacticiden Mitteleuropas. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 8: 313-318
& 575 - 588.
BREHM, V. 1915: Zur geographischen Stellung des Diaptomus tatricus. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 10: 405 - 406.
BREHM, V. 1926: Zoologische Ergebnisse der von Prof. Dr. F. Klute nach Nordpatagonien unternommenen Forschungsreise. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 16: 302 - 328.
BREHM, V. 1935: Über die Fauna einiger Hochgebirgsseen in den Hohen Tauern. - Zoologischer
Anzeiger 31: 319-324.
BREHM, V. 1942: Nochmals die Biozönosen der Lunzer Gewässer. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 42:
289-316.
BREHM, V. 1949: Prioritätsbedingte Namensänderung. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 42 (4): 515.
BREHM, V. 1953: Bemerkenswerte Entomostraken aus der Salzburger Brunnenfauna. - Österreichische Zoologische Zeitschrift 4 (1): 9 - 18.
BREHM, V. 1955: Süßwasserfauna und Tiergeographie. - Österreichische Zoologische Zeitung 6
(1/2): 250 - 269.
BREHM, V. & RUTTNER, F. 1926: Die Biozönosen der Lunzer Gewässer. - Internationale Revue
der gesamten Hydrobiologie 16 (5/6): 281 - 391.
BRETSCHKO, G. 1975: Ökosystemstudie Vorderer Finstertaler See. Cyclops abyssorum tatricus.
- Jahresberichte der Abteilung für Limnologie, Innsbruck 1: 134 - 137.
BYRNES, E.F. 1909: The fresh-water Cyclops of Long island. - Cold Spring Harbour Monograph
7, 23 pp.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1922: Die Fauna der unterirdischen Gewässer der Umgebung von Basel. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 14: 1 - 88.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1924 (1923): Descriptions préliminaires de Copépodes nouveaux de Serbie. Bulletin de la Société de Sciences, Cluj 2: 27 - 45.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1925: Sur les Copépodes et les Syncarides des eaux souterraines de Cluj et des
Monts Bihar. - Bulletin de la Société de Sciences, Cluj 2: 157 - 182.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1927: Die Tierwelt der unterirdischen Gewässer. - Die Binnengewässer 3,
Stuttgart, 175 pp.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1928: Nouveaux copépodes cavernicoles. - Bulletin de la Société de Sciences,
Cluj, 4 (1/2): 20 - 46.
BRADY,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
583
P.A. 1929a: Die Unterfamilie der Canthocamptinae - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 20:
471-516.
CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1929b: Révision du genre Canthocamptus WESTWOOD. - Bulletin de la Société
de Sciences, Cluj: 4 (2): 41 - 50.
CHAPPUIS,
P.A. 1929c: Notes sur les Copépodes. 1. Une nouvelle Attheyella du Japon. 2. Moraria
poppet MRAZEK & Moraria brevipes SARS. 3. Copépodes de Grèce. - Bulletin de la
Société de Sciences, Cluj 4 (2): 97 - 106.
CHAPPUIS, P. A. 1934: Ostalpine Höhlencopepoden. - Bulletin de la Société de Sciences, Cluj,
8:211 -217.
CHAPPUIS, P. A. 1940: Die Harpacticoiden des Grundwassers des unteren Maintales. - Archiv für
Hydrobiologie 26: 286 - 305.
CHAPPUIS,
C. 1857a: Das Genus Cyclops und seine einheimischen Arten. - Archiv für Naturgeschichte 23: 1 - 40.
CLAUS, C. 1857b: Weitere Mitteilungen über die einheimischen Cyclopiden. - Archiv für Naturgeschichte 23: 205 - 211.
CLAUS,
C. 1863: Die freilebenden Copepoden mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Fauna
Deutschlands, der Nordsee und des Mittelmeeres. - Leipzig, 230 pp.
CLAUS, C. 1893: Über die Antennen der Cyclopiden und die Auflösung der Gattung Cyclops in
Gattungen und Untergattungen. - Anzeiger der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaftlichen, mathematisch.- und naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Wien 9: 7 9 - 8 3 .
CLAUS,
F.W. 1883: A contribution to the history of the freshwater Copepoda. - Transactions of
the Kansas Academy 8: 66 - 81.
DADAY, E. 1885: Monographia Eucopepodorum liberorum in Hungaria hucusque repertorum. Math. term. Közlem. Magyar. Akad. 19: 115 - 311. (in Hungarian).
DADAY, E. 1891: Conspectus Diaptomorum faunae hungariae. - Termeszet. Füzetek 13,4: 114 - 143.
DADAY, E. 1897: Crustaceen. - Resultate der Erforschung des Balatonsees 2 (1): 163 - 193.
CRAGIN,
A. 1970: Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida (forme de aqua dulce). Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Bucarest 4(11), 250 pp.
DANIELOPOL, D. 1983: Der Einfluss organischer Verschmutzung auf das Grundwasser-Ökosystem
der Donau im Raum Wien und Niederösterreich. - Forschungsbericht Bundesministerium
für Gesundheit und Umweltschutz 5 : 5 - 160.
DAMIAN-GEORGESCU,
C. VAN 1908: Zur Kenntnis der Süßwasser-Copepoden Deutschlands. - Zoologischer
Anzeiger 32: 581 -585.
DOUWE,
C. VAN 1911: Zur Copepodenfauna Deutschlands: Canthocamptus pilosus n.sp. - Archiv
für Hydrobiologie 6: 475 - 477.
DOUWE, C. VAN 1922: Maraenobiotus brehmi, ein neuer moosbewohnender SüßwasserHarpacticide. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 13: 561 - 563.
DUDZINSKY, S. 1979: Das Meiobenthos des Jeserzer oder Saisser Sees, Kärnten. - Carinthia II
169./89.: 335 - 339.
DUSSART, B. 1969: Les copépodes des eaux continentales d'Europe occidentale. Tome II,
Cyclopoides et Biologie. - Edition N. Boubée, Paris, 290 pp.
DUSSART, B. & DEFAYE, D. 1983: Répertoire Mondial des Crustacés Copépodes des Eaux
Intérieures. Calanoides. - Editions C.N.R.S., Paris, 205 pp.
DUSSART, B. & DEFAYE, D. 1985: Répertoire Mondial des Copépodes Cyclopoides. - Editions
C.N.R.S. Paris, 236 pp.
DOUWE,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
584
Armalen des Natur historischen Museums in Wien 100 B
EINSLE,
U. 1969: Untersuchung zur sytematischen Stellung von Cyclops abyssorwn forma tatri-
cus (KOSMINSKI). - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 66 (2): 161 - 168.
U. 1971: Über das Copepoden-Plankton einiger Kärntner Seen. - Carinthia II (Sonderheft 31: Festschrift Findenegg): 6 3 - 7 1 .
EINSLE, U. 1993: Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, Band 8/4-1: Copepoda, Calanoida und
Cyclopoida. - Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 209 pp.
EINSLE,
ERNEGGER, T., H. GRUBINGER, E. VITEK, C. CSEKTITS, J. EITZINGER, S. GAVIRIA, D. KOTEK, H.
KRISA, H.P. NACHTNEBEL, B. PRITZ, T. SABBAS, S. SCHMUTZ, P. SCHREINER, U. STEPHAN,
G. UNFER, U. WYCHERA & W. NEUDORFER 1998: A natural stream created by human
engineering: investigations on the succession of the Marchfeld Canal in Austria. Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 14: 119 - 139.
I. 1938: Drei kleinere Kärntner Seen: Pressegger, Turner- und Keutschacher See. Carinthia II 128: 89-103.
FINDENEGG, I. 1943: Untersuchungen über die Ökologie und die Populationsverhältnisse des
Planktons in Kärntner Seengebieten. - Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie
43: 368 - 429.
FINDENEGG,
, S. 1851: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der in der Umgebung von St. Petersburg sich findenden Cyclopiden. - Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles de Moscou 24:
409 - 438.
FISCHER, S. 1853: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der in der Umgebung von St. Petersburg sich findenden
Cyclopiden. - Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Sciences Naturelles de Moscou 26: 74
- 100.
FISCHER, S. 1860: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entomostraceen. - Abhandlungen der Königlich
Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 8: 652 - 656.
FISCHER
S.A. 1882: On some Entomostraca of Lake Michigan and adjacent waters. - American
Naturalist 16: 640 - 649.
FORBES, S.A. 1891: On some Lake Superior Entomostraca. - Report of the U.S. Fisheries
Commission for 1887: 701 - 718.
FORBES,
L. 1990: Littoral microfauna (Cladocera and Copepoda) in the reedbelt of Neusiedler See
(Austria). - BFB-Bericht 74: 77 - 82.
FORRÓ, L. 1992a: Litorale Gesellschaften von Kleinkrebsen großer Flachgewässer im pannonischen
Raum. - In: A. HAMM (ed.): Erweiterte Zusammenfassung der Jahrestagung 1991 (Mondsee),
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Limnologie: 249 - 253.
FORRÓ, L. 1992b: Microcrustacean communities in sodic waters in the Carpatian Basin: the role
of chemical factors. In: R.D. ROBERTS & M.L. BOTHWELL (eds.). Aquatic Ecosystems in
Semi-arid Regions, Implications for resource management. - Symposium Series 7,
Environment Canada, Saskatoon: 41 - 50.
FORRÓ,
L. 1993: Planktonische Kleinkrebse in der unteren Thaya. - In: G. ZAUNER (ed.).
Fischökologische Studie untere Thaya, im Auftrag der Wasserstraßendirektion. - Bericht
Universität für Bodenkultur, Abteilung für Hydrobiologie, Fischereiwirtschaft und
Aquakultur, 6 pp.
FORRÓ,
L. 1996: Kleinkrebse (Cladocera, Copepoda) einiger ausgewählter Augewässer. - In: O.
MOOG (ed.). Biozönotische Charakteristik der Klosterneuburger und Korneuburger
Augewässer. Band III. Beschreibung der räumlichen und zeitlichen Verteilung der benthischen Lebensgemeinschaften und der Fischbiozönosen im Projektbereich des KW
Freudenau (Limnologische Beweissicherung): 155 - 164.
FORRÓ,
R. 1995: Über das Zooplankton einiger Kärnten Seen. - Dissertation, Universität Graz:
150 pp.
FRESNER,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
585
FRIC, A. 1872: Die Krustentiere Böhmens. - Archiv für naturwissenschaftliche Landesforschung
von Böhmen 2 (2), sect. 4: 201 - 269.
FRYER, G. 1957: Free-living freshwater Crustacea from Lake Nyasa and adjoining waters. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 53 (1): 62 - 86.
FÜREDER, L. 1995: Distribution pattern of epilithic macrozoobenthos in a small meromictic lake
(Piburger See, Tyrol). - Limnologica 25 (2): 129 - 140.
GAGERN, E. 1938: Harpacticoida des Harzes. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 124 (7): 175 - 182.
GAVIRIA, S. 1994: Die Suzessionen von Evertebraten im Marchfeldkanal. - Bericht Projekt FWF
Nr. 6405 Bio: Limnologische Untersuchungen des Marchfeldkanals und des anschließenden Rußbachabschnittes, Wien, 31 pp.
GAVIRIA, S. 1998: Colonization of a man-made river (Marchfeldcanal, Lower Austria) by benthic
copepods. - Journal of Marine Systems 15: 127 - 134.
GAVIRIA, S. (in press): Das Zooplankton verschiedener Biotope des Gießgangs Greifenstein. - In:
J. TAUTMANNSDORF & G. WASSERMANN (eds.) - 10 Jahre Gießgang Greifenstein: Eine
interdisziplinäre Gesamtstudie eines Hinterlandbewässerungs-systems - Serie Forschung
in Verbund, Wien, 49 pp.
W. 1881: Vorläufige Mitteilung über eine Arbeit über die freilebenden Copepoden
des Kieler Hafens. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 14: 254 - 258.
GLATZEL, T. 1991: Neue morphologische Aspekte und die Copepodit-Stadien von Parastenocaris
phyllura KIEFER (Copepoda, Harpacticoida). - Zoologica Scripta 20 (4): 375 - 393.
GNAIGER, E. 1978: Ökosystemstudie Gossenköllesee. Ein mathematisches Modell für die Analyse
der Populationsdynamik von Zooplankton und seine Anwendung auf Cyclops abyssorum
tatricus im Kalbelesee. - Jahresbericht Abteilung für Limnologie, Innsbruck 4: 165 - 170.
GIESBRECHT,
A. 1903: Die Copepoden der Umgebung Basels. - Revue Suisse de Zoologie 11: 419
-541.
GRAETER, A. 1907: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der schweizerischen Höhlenfauna. II. Über
Höhlencopepoden. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 31: 841 - 851.
GRAETER,
A. 1908: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der schweizerischen Höhlenfauna. III. Ein neuer
Höhlencopepode Cyclops crinitus nov. spec. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 33: 45 - 49.
GRAETER, A. 1911: Die Copepoden der unterirdischen Gewässer. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 6:
1 -48 & 111 - 152.
GRAETER, A. & CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1914: Cyclops sensitivus n.sp. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 507
-510.
GUERNE, J. DE & RICHARD, J. 1891: Documents noueveaux sur la distribution de Calanoides
d'eau douce. - Association Française pour l'Avance Scientifique, Congrès Marseille: 595
-599.
GURNEY, J.R. 1904: The fresh- and brackish-water Crustacea of east Norfolk. - Transactions of
Norfolk and Norwich Natural Society 7: 637 - 660.
GURNEY, J.R. 1909: On the freschwater Crustacea from Algeria and Tunesia. - Journal of the
Royal Microscopic Society, London : 273 - 305.
GURNEY, J.R. 1927: Report on the Crustacea Copepoda (littoral and semi-parasitic). Transactions of the Zoological Society, London 22 (33): 451 - 577.
GRAETER,
J.R. 1928: Some Copepoda from Tanganyika collected by Mr. S.R.B. Pask. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 22 (2): 317 - 332.
GURNEY,
GURNEY,
J.R. 1932: British Fresh-water Copepoda. Vol. II. - Ray Society, London 119: 1 - 336.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
586
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
HARTMANN,
O. 1915: Über eine lokale Variation und einen neuen Fundort des Diaptomus tatricus
WIERZEJSKI. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 45: 456 - 460.
C. 1870: Untersuchung über die Crustaceen Tirols. - Berichte des NaturwissenschaftlichMedizinischen Vereins, Innsbruck 1: 67 - 96.
HERRICK, C.L. 1882: Cyclopoida of Minnessota with notes on other Copepoda. - Report of the
Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota 10: 221 - 233.
HELLER,
C.L. 1884: A final report on the Crustacea of Minnesota included in the orders
Cladocera and Copepoda. - 12th Annual Report of the Geological and Natural History
Survey of Minnesota 5, 191 pp.
HERZIG, A. 1979: The zooplankton of the open lake. In: H. LÖFFLER (ed.). The limnology of a
shallow lake in Central Europe. - Monographiae Biologicae 37, The Hague: 281 - 335.
HERRICK,
A. 1983: The ecological significance of the relationship between temperature and duration
of embryonic development in planktonic freshwater copepods. - Hydrobiologia 100: 65-91.
HERZIG, A. & MOOG, O. 1976: Die vertikale Verteilung des Zooplanktons im Goggausee (Der
Einfluß von Algen und Chaoborus flavicans). - Carinthia II 166./86: 373 - 385.
HERZIG, A., NEWRKLA, P. & STRNAD, R. 1973: Zooplankton des Längsees (Arbeitsbericht über
die limnologische Exkursion 1972 zum Längsee). - Carinthia II 163./83: 351 - 357.
HÖDL, W. & RIEDER, E. 1993: Urzeitkrebse an der March. - Distelverein, Deutsch-Wagram,
N.Ö.:3-51.
HONSIG-ERLENBURG, W., DEISINGER, G., KANZ, K., SCHULZ, & TRAER, K. 1988: Limnologische
Untersuchungen dreier Bergtümpel auf der Saualpe (Kärnten, Osterreich). - Carinthia II:
403-410.
HUMPESCH, U. & MOOG, O. 1994: Flora und Flauna der österreichischen Donau. - Limnologie
aktuell, Band/Volume 2. - In: W. KINZELBACH (ed.): Biologie der Donau. - Gustav
Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart: 81 -107.
HERZIG,
IMHOF,
E.O. 1885: Über die "blasen Kolben" an den vorderen Antennen der SüsswasserCalanoiden. - Zoologisches Anzeiger 8: 353 - 356.
IMHOF, E.O.
1888: Über das Calaniden-Genus Heterocope. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 11: 447 - 451.
JACOBI, H. 1972: Trends (Endopodit P4 Männchen) innerhalb der Parastenocariden (Copepoda,
Harpacticoidea). - Crustaceana 22 (2): 127 - 146.
W., ENDERLE, R. & NOODT, W. 1996: Crustacea: Copepoda: Gelyelloida und
Harpacticoida. Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, Band 8, Heft 4, Teil 2. - Gustav
Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 228 pp.
JANETZKY,
C. 1993: Resting egg production and oviducal cycling in two sympatric species of
alpine diaptomids (Copepoda: Calanoida) in relation to temperature and food availability.
- Dissertation Universität Salzburg, 64 pp.
JERSABEK,
C. & R. SCHABETSBERGER, R. 1990: Limnologische Erstcharakterisierung stehender
Gewässer im Nationalpark Kalkalpen. - In: Jahresforschungsbericht Verein Nationalpark
Kalkalpen, Kirchdorf u. Molln: 196 - 200.
JERSABEK, C , GOLDSCHMID, A. & SCHABETSBERGER, R. 1996: Naupliar development of Acanthodiaptomus denticornis (WIERZEJSKI, 1887) and Arctodiaptomus alpinus (IMHOF, 1885)
(Copepoda: Calanoida) and a comparison with other Diaptomidae. - Journal of Plankton
Research 18 (11): 2207 - 2061.
JOSEPH, G. 1882: Systematisches Verzeichnis der in den Tropfstein-Grotten von Krain einheimischen Arthropoden nebst Diagnosen der vom Verfasser endeckten und bisher noch nicht
beschriebenen Arten. - Berliner entomologische Zeitung 26 (1): 1 - 50.
JERSABEK,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
587
JUNGMAYER, M. 1914: Die freilebenden Copepoden von Budapest und Umgebung. - Budapest,
156 pp.
JURINE, L. 1820: Histoire des Monocles qui se trouvent aux environs de Genève. - Genève,
Paschoud , 260 pp.
KEILHACK, L. 1909: Zur Systematik der Gattung Maraenobiotus MRÀZEK. - Archiv für
Hydrobiologie und Planktonologie 4: 311 - 324.
KESSLER, E. 1913: Parastenocaris brevipes nov.gen. & nov.sp., ein neuer SüßwasserHarpacticide. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 42 (11): 514-520.
KESSLER, E. 1914a: Zwei neue Canthocamptus-Airten aus dem Riesengebirge. - Zoologischer
Anzeiger 43 (13): 626-630.
KESSLER, E. 1914b: Zur Kenntnis der Harpacticiden-Fauna Deutschlands: Canthocamptus weberi n.sp. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 44: 474 - 479.
KIEFER, F. 1927: Versuch eines Systems der Cyclopiden. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 73 (11/12):
302 - 308.
KIEFER, F. 1929a: Beiträge zur Copepodenkunde (13). - Zoologischer Anzeiger 83 (11/12): 319
-325.
KIEFER, F. 1929b: Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cycopiden. - Zeitschrift
für wissenschaftliche Zoologie 133 (1 / 2): 1 - 56.
KIEFER, F. 1932: Versuch eines Systems des Diaptomiden (Copepoda Calanoida).- Zoologische
Jahrbücher, Systematik 63 (4): 451 - 520.
KIEFER, F. 1933: Die Entomostraken Fauna des Schluchseemoores und seiner Umgebung. Beiträge der naturwissenschaftlichen Erforschung Badens 11: 173 - 188.
KIEFER, F. 1936a: Ein neuer Cyclopide (Crustacea Copepoda) aus dem Grundwasser der oberrheinischen Tiefebene. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 113: 84 - 87.
KIEFER, F. 1936b: Ein weiterer neuer Cyclopide aus dem Grundwasser der oberrheinischen
Tiefebene. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 115: 168 - 170.
KIEFER, F. 1937: Über Systematik und geographische Verbreitung einiger Gruppen stark verkümmerter Cyclopiden (Crustacea, Copepoda). - Zoologische Jahresbücher, Systematik
70 (5/6): 421 -432.
KIEFER, F. 1938: Neue harpacticoide Ruderfußkrebse (Crustacea, Copepoda) aus dem Grundwasser von Aschaffenburg (Main). - Zoologischer Anzeiger 123: 142 - 147.
KIEFER, F. 1939: Zur Kenntnis des Cyclops "strenuus" aus dem Bodensee. - Archiv für
Hydrobiologie 36: 94-117.
KIEFER, F. 1954: Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Ruderfußkrebse des Bodensees. - Beiträge zur
naturkundlichen Forschung in Südwestdeutschland 13 (2): 86 - 92.
KIEFER, F. 1963: Zwei neue Harpacticoidenformen aus dem Grundwasser. - Schweizer Zeitschrift für Hydrologie 25 (1): 49 - 55.
KIEFER, F. 1964: Zur Kenntnis der subterranen Copepoden (Crustacea) Österreichs. - Annalen
des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 67: 477 - 485.
KIEFER, F. 1973: Ruderfußkrebse (Copepoden). - Kosmos Gesellschaft der Naturfreunde,
Frankh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 2. Auflage, 99pp.
KIEFER, F. 1976: Ruderfußkrebse (Crustacea, Copepoda) aus dem Sandlückensystem einiger
Bäche der Ostalpen. - Beiträge zur naturkundlichen Forschung Südwestdeutschlands 35:
111 - 118.
KIEFER, F. 1978: Freilebende Copepoda. In.: H.-J. ELSTER & W. OHLE (eds.): Die Binnengewässer. 26 (2. Teil). Das Zooplankton der Binnengewässer. - E. Schweizerbart'sche
Verlagshandlung (Nagele & Obermiller), Stuttgart, pp 1- 343.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
588
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
F. & MUCKLE, R. 1959: Beobachtungen am Crustaceenplankton des Überlinger Sees
(Bodensee) 1952 - 1957. I. Das Auftreten der Arten im Jahresverlauf. - Beiträge zur
naturkundlichen Forschung Südwestdeutschlands 28 (1): 5 - 4 1 .
KIEFER,
KOCH, C. L. 1938 (1835 - 1844): Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Ein
Beitrag zur deutschen Fauna 1/ 40, Regensburg, No. 3, No. 6, No. 8, No. 9.
C. 1885: Carcinologisches.- Sitzungsberichte der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien I. 90: 312 - 314.
KOELBEL,
H.A. 1920: Über alpine Harpacticiden. - Festschrift für Zschokke 21: 1 - 12.
KOZMINSKI, Z. 1927: Über die Variabilität der Cyclopiden aus der strenuus-Gmpipe auf Grund
von quantitativen Untesuchungen. - Bulletin de 1' Académie Polonaise des Sciences et
des Lettres, Classe Sciences et Mathématiques, nat. Série B, Suppl. 1: 114.
KOZMINSKY, Z. 1933: Etudes morphométriques et écologiques sur les Cyclopides du groupe
strenuus. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie und Ichtyologie, Suwalki 7: 61 - 140.
KOWARC, V. 1992: Depth distribution and mobility of a harpacticoid copepod within the bed
sediment of an alpine brook. - Regulated Rivers, Research & Management 7: 57 - 63.
KREIS,
KÜHN, G. 1940: Zur Ökologie und Biologie der Gewässer (Quellen und Abflüsse) des Wassersprengs bei Wien. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 36: 157 - 262.
V. 1957: Harpacticoid Copepoda from South Bohemian mosses. - Casopis Nârodniho
Muzea 126(1): 35-43.
KULHAVY,
KUNZ, H. 1939: Harpacticoiden vom Sandstrand der Kurischen Nehrung. - Kieler Meeresforschungen 3: 148 - 157.
LABBE,
A. 1927: Contributions a l'étude de l'allogènèse. 3éme mémoire: l'histoire naturelle des
Copépodes des marais salants du Croisic. Essai de Philogénie expérimentale. - Archive
de zoologie expérimentale générale 66: 135 - 290.
A. 1890: Materyaly do fauny skorupiakow widlonogich Krolestwa Polskiego Widlon
swob Zujace. I Rodzina Cyklopy (Cyclopidae). - Pamietnik Fizjogra-ficzny, Warszawa.
10: 307 - 398.
LANDE,
LANG, K. 1948: Monographie der Harpacticiden. - Vol. I & II, Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp.
(reedited by Otto Koeltz Science Publishers, Koenigstein, 1975).
W. 1853: De crustaceis ex ordinibus tribus: Cladocera, Ostracoda et Copepoda in
Scania occurentibus. - Lund, 222 pp.
LILLJEBORG,
W. 1863: Beskrifning öfver tva Arter Crustaceer af ordingarna Ostracoda och
Copepoda. - Öfvers. af. Könoglich Vatens Akademia Förhandlungen, Stockholm (1862),
19. Jg.: 391 -398.
LILLJEBORG,
W. 1888: Description de deux espèces nouvelles de Diaptomus du Nord de
l'Europe. - Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France 13: 156.
LILLJEBORG,
W. 1889: - In: M.J. DE GUERNE & J. RICHARD (eds.): Révision des Calanoides d'eau
douce. - Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France 2: 53 - 181.
LILLJEBORG, W. 1901: Synopsis specierum hue in Suecia observatorum generis Cyclopis. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapskademiens Handlingar 35: 1 - 118.
LILLJEBORG,
K. 1936: Notes sur les Cyclopides (Crustacés Copépodes) de l'Iran.- Bulletin du
Musée Royale d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 12 (17): 1 - 26.
LINDBERG,
K. 1955: Diagnoses des quelques représentants du groupe Cyclops rubens (JURINE),
syn. Cyclops strenuus FISCHER (Crustacés, Copépodes). - Nytt. Mag. Zool. 3: 99 - 103.
LINDBERG,
LINDBERG,
K. 1957: Le group Cyclops rubens (syn. Cyclops strenuus). - Lund; 335pp.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
589
H. 1957: Vergleichende limnologische Untersuchungen an den Gewässern des Seewinkels
(Burgenland). I. Der winterliche Zustand der Gewässer und deren Entomostrakenfauna. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 97 : 27 - 52.
LÖFFLER,
H. 1959: Zur Limnologie, Entomostraken- und Rotatorienfauna des Seewinkelgebietes
(Burgenland, Österreich). - Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. I, 168 (4/5): 315 - 362.
LÖFFLER, H. 1960a: Die Entomostrakenfauna der Ziehbrunnen und einiger Quellen des nördlichen
Burgenlandes. - Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Heft 24: 1 - 32.
LÖFFLER, H. 1960b: 2. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entomostrakenfauna burgenländischer Brunnen
und Quellen. - Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Heft 26: 1-15.
LÖFFLER, H. 1961: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der iranischen Binnengewässer. II. - Internationale
Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 46 (3): 309 - 406.
LÖFFLER, H. 1965: Die Gattung Elaphoidella (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) in Österreich. - Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. 1, 10: 208 - 220.
LÖFFLER, H. 1979a: The crustacean fauna of the Phragmites belt. - In: H. LÖFFLER (ed.). The limnology of a shallow lake in Central Europe. - Monographiae Biologicae 37: 399 - 410.
LÖFFLER, H. 1979b: Die Entwicklung des Jeserzer Sees (Saisser Sees). - Carinthia II 169./89.:
367 - 370.
LÖFFLER, H. 1983: Aspects of the history and evolution of Alpine lakes in Austria. - Hydrobiologia 100: 143 - 152.
LÖFFLER, H. & NEUHUBER, F. 1970: Catalogus Faunae Austriae. Ein systematisches Verzeichnis
aller auf österreichischem Gebiet festgestellten Tierarten. Teil VIII: Crustacea, Ville
Harpacticoida. - Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 10 pp.
LOWNDES, A.G. 1926: Cyclops lacunae, a new species of Cyclops. - Annales and Magazines of
Natural History 9: 142 - 1440.
LUBBOCK, J. 1863: Notes on some new or little known species of freshwater Entomostraca. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 24: 197 - 210.
MARENZELLER, E. 1873: Über Diaptomus amblyodon n.sp. - Verhandlungen der zoologischbotanischen Gesellschaft Wien 23: 593.
MARSH, CD. 1893: On the Cyclopidae and Calanidae of Central Wisconsin. - Transactions of
the Wisconsin Academy of Science 9: 189 - 224.
MARSH, CD. 1913: Report of freshwater Copepoda from Panama, with descriptions of a new
species. -Smithsonian Miscellaneaneous Collections 61 (3): 1 - 30.
MAUPAS, M. 1892: Sur le Belisarius viguieri, un nouveau copépode d'eau douce. - Cahiers hebdomedaires de l'Académie de Sciences, Paris 115 (2): 135.
MENZEL, R. 1912: Ein neuer Copepode aus dem Rhaetikon. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 39 (17/18):
513-515.
METZ, H. & FORRÖ, L. 1989: Contributions to the knowledge of the chemistry and crustacean
zooplankton of sodic waters: the Seewinkel pans revisited. - BFB (Biologische Forschung Burgenland), Bericht 70, 73 pp.
MiKSCHi, E. & SCHWEIGER, P. 1988: Zooplankton. - In: H. LÖFFLER (ed.). Limnologische Projektstudie Ökosystem Alte Donau. Endbericht, Universität Wien/Wasserstraßendirektion,
Wien, pp. 86 - 93.
LÖFFLER,
E. 1990: Taxonomie und Ökologie des Zooplanktons des Lunzer Obersees. Dissertation, Universität Wien, 143 pp.
MIKSCHI,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
590
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
R. 1986: Das Zooplankton des Grundlsees (Steiermark). Populationsdynamik und
Produktion. - Dissertation, Universität Graz, 172 pp.
MODER,
1927: Synopsis universalis generum Harpaticoidarum. - Zoologische Jahresbücher,
Systematik 54: 139-175.
MONARD,
R. 1889: Faune des eaux souterraines du département du Nord et en particulier de la
ville de Lille. - Revue de Biologie du Nord de la France 1: 170 - 182.
MONIEZ,
MOOG, O. 1979: Das Crustaceensplankton des Attersees - Bemerkungen zur Populationsökologie
und Stellung in der limmischen Nahrungskette. - In: G. MÜLLER (ed.). Jahresbericht 1978,
Arbeiten aus dem Labor Weyregg, Österreichisches Eutrophieprogramm, pp. 178 - 188.
MOOG,
O., HUMPESCH, U. & KONAR, M. 1995: The distribution of benthic invertebrates along the
Austrian stretch of the River Danube and its relevance as an indicator of zoogeographical
and water quality pattern - part 1. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Suppl. 101 (Large Rivers
9) (2): 121 -213.
MOOG,
O. & JAGSCH, A. 1980: Zur Erforschungsgeschichte, Fischerei und limnologischen
Situation der Salzburger Flachgauseen - Wallersee, Mattsee, Obertrumer See und
Grabensee. - Studien und Forschung Salzburg 1980/1: 73 - 103.
A. 1893a: Prispevky k poznani sladkovodnich Copepoda. - Sitzungsberichte der
böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche
Klasse 8: 1 - 74.
MRAZEK,
A. 1893b: Beitrag zur Fauna der Harpacticiden Fauna des Süsswassers. - Zoologische
Jahresbücher, Systematik 7 (1): 89 - 130.
MRAZEK,
R. 1942: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Uferfauna des Bodensees. - Beiträge zur naturkundlichen Forschung im Oberrheingebiet 7 : 5 - 109.
MUCKLE,
O.F. 1785: Entomostraca seu Insecta testacea quae in Aquis Daniae et Norvegiae reperit, descripsit et iconibus illustravit Otho Fridericus Müller. - F.W. Thiele, Lipsiae &
Hafniae, 134pp.
MÜLLER,
W. 1985: Die Auswirkung der Wasserbauten auf das Zooplankton im österreichischen Donauabschnitt. - In: IAAD / SIL (ed.). Die Auswirkung der wasserbaulichen
Maßnahmen und der Belastung auf das Plankton und das Benthos der Donau. - Verlag
der Bulgarischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sofia, pp. 72 - 101.
NAIDENOV,
A. 1988: Veränderungen im Zooplankton des Mondsees 1943 - 1988. - Berichte des
Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins Salzburg 9: 101 - 133.
NAUWERCK,
A.M. & SCOTT, TH. 1906: The Crustaceans of Devon and Cornwall. - W. Wesley &
Son, London, pp. 184-191.
NORMAN,
K. 1985: Carnivorous and detritivorous feeding of Mesocyclops leuckarti
(Cyclopoida, Copepoda). - Hydrobiologia 120: 249 - 257.
PAPINSKA,
CLAUS
R. 1959: Zur Limnologie der Stauseen des Kapruner Tales und des Stubachtales. Österreichische Wasserwirtschaft 11: 185 - 194.
PECHLANER,
PESCE,
G.L. & GALASSI, D.P. 1994: Elaphoidella plesai n. sp., from ground waters of Austria
(Copepoda Harpacticoida: Canthocamptidae). - Annales Limnologiae 30 (2): 91 - 94.
O. 1911: Zur Fauna einiger Gebirgsseen in Kärnten und Tirol. - Verhandlungen der
Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, Jahrgang 1911:
117- 122.
PESTA, O. 1912: Hochgebirgsseen in Tirol und ihre Fauna. I. Beitrag. - Verhandlungen der
Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, Jahrgang 1912:
158- 171.
PESTA,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
591
O. 1915: Hochgebirgsseen in Tirol und ihre Fauna. III. Beitrag. - Verhandlungen der
Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, Jahrgang 1915:
227 - 230.
PESTA, O. 1917: Streifzüge durch die Krebstierfauna der stehenden und fließenden Gewässer
Niederösterreichs. - Blätter für Naturkunde & Naturschutz, 4. Jahrgang, 4. Heft: 113 - 124.
PESTA, O. 1923: Hydrobiologische Studien über Ostalpenseen. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie,
Suppl. Band 3: 384 - 595.
PESTA, O. 1924: Neue Fundorte von Diaptomus tatricus Wierz., Heterocope saliens Lillj.,
Polyphemus pediculus L. und einigen anderen Entomostraken in den Ostalpen. - Annalen
des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 38: 1 - 8.
PESTA, O. 1926: Beiträge zur hydrologischen Erforschung ostalpiner Gewässer. - Zoologischer
Anzeiger 65 (9/10): 249 - 263.
PESTA, O. 1928a: Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise, 9. Teil: Krebstiere oder Crustacea, I: Ruderfüßer oder
Copepoda (1. Calanoida, 2. Cyclopoida ). - Verlag G. Fischer, Jena, 136 pp.
PESTA, O. 1928b: Berichte zur Limnologie der Alten Donau bei Wien. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 19: 301 - 317.
PESTA, O. 1931: Limnologische Beobachtungen an ostalpinen Kleingewässern. - Archiv für
Hydrobiologie 23: 363 - 374.
PESTA, O. 1932: Ruderfüßer oder Copepoda (3. Unterordnung: Harpacticoida). - In: F. DAHL
(ed.): Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren
Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise, 24. Teil. Krebstiere oder Crustacea. Verlag G.
Fischer, Jena, 164 pp.
PESTA, O. 1933: Das Leben in Seen und Tümpeln des Großglocknergebietes. - Zeitschrift des
Deutschen & Österreichischen Alpenvereines 1933: 230 - 239.
PESTA, O. 1934: Eine Wiederentdeckung von Cyclops sensitivus A. GRAETER et CHAPPUIS
(Copepoda Cyclopoida Subterranea). - Zoologischer Anzeiger 106 (5/6): 125 - 127.
PESTA, O. 1935: Kleingewässerstudien in den Ostalpen. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 29: 296 - 345.
PESTA, O. 1937a: Studien über Tümpelgewässer der Ostalpen. - Sitzungberichte der Akademie
der Wissenschaften Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. I, 146
(1/2): 77 - 88.
PESTA, O. 1937b: Tümpeluntersuchungen im Gebiet der Kelchalpe bei Kitzbühel, Tirol. Sitzungberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichte Klasse, Abt. I, 146 (5/6): 243 - 248.
PESTA, O. 1938a: Neue Nachweise bemerkenswerter Diaptomiden (Crust. Copepoda). - Zoologischer Anzeiger 121 (5/6): 150- 155.
PESTA, O. 1938b: Die "Loar" bei Brixlegg-Kramsach (Limnologische Studien an einem temporären Wasserbecken des Unterinntales). - Veröffentlichungen des Museums
Ferdinandeum (Innsbruck) 17 (Jahrgang 1937): 1 - 33.
PESTA, O. 1939: Alpine Tümpel und ihre limnologische Kennzeichnung. - Sitzungsberichte der
Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt.
I, 148 (7-10): 341-352.
PESTA, O. 1952a: Beobachtungen über die Entomostrakenfauna der Tümpel auf der "Gerlosplatte" (1640 m ü. d. Meer.). - Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. I, 161 (4/5): 285 - 289.
PESTA,
PESTA,
O. 1952b: Biologische Beobachtungen an einigen Hochgebirgstümpeln der Kitzbühler
Alpen. - Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,
Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. I, 161 (6): 329 - 342.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
592
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
O. 1954: Studien über die Entomostrakenfauna des Neusiedler Sees. - Wissenschaftliche
Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Heft 2: 1 - 84.
PFAFFENWIMMER, G. 1986: Zur Limnologie einiger ausgewählter Lobau-Altwässer. Dissertation, Universität Wien, 207 pp.
PONYI, E. 1956: Die Diaptomus Arten der Natrongewässer auf der grossen Ungarischen
Tiefebene.- Zoologischer Anzeiger 156 : 257 - 271.
POPPE, S.A. 1886: Ein neuer Diaptomus aus dem Hvischberger Thal. - Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie 43: 285 - 290.
POGGENPOL, M.Y. 1874: Spisok Copepoda, Cladocera i Ostracoda Moskvy i ee blizhaishikh okresnostei [List of Copepoda, Cladocera and Ostracoda of Moscow and Inmediate Vicinity].
- Izvestiya Obshchestva Lyubitelei Estestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii [News
from friends of natural sciences, antropology and etnography], Royal University of
Moskow. 10 (2): 69 - 77.
POSPISIL, P. 1989: Acanthocyclops gmeineri n. sp. (Crustacea, Copepoda) aus dem Gundwasser
von Wien (Österreich): Bemerkungen zur Zoogeographie und zur Sauerstoff situation des
Grundwassers am Fundort. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 223: 220 - 230.
POSPISIL, P. 1994: The Groundwater Fauna of the Danube Aquifer in the "Lobau" wetland in
Vienna, Austria. - In: J. GIBERT, DANIELOPOL, D. & STANFORT, J.A. (eds.). Groundwater
Ecology. - Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 347 - 366.
PRAPTOKARDIYO, K. 1979: Populationsdynamik und Produktion von Cyclops abyssorum tatricus
(KOZMINSKI 1927) im Gössenköllesee (2413 m ü.N.N., Kühtai, Tirol). - Dissertation,
Universität Innsbruck, 83 pp.
PRIESEL-DICHTL, G. 1959: Die Grundwasserfauna im Salzburger Becken und im anschließenden
Alpenvorland. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 55: 281 - 370.
RECKENDORFER, W. 1992: Die saisonale Entwicklung des Crustaceenplanktons im Wallersee. Diplomarbeit, Universität Wien, 55 pp.
REED, E.B. 1970: Copepoden und Cladoceren aus der Umgebung von Obergurgl und Kühtai,
Tirol. - Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins Innsbruck 58: 219 - 248.
REHBERG, H. 1880: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Süsswasser-Copepoden. - Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein, Bremen 6: 533 - 554.
RICHARD, J. 1887: Liste des Cladocères et Copépodes d'eau douce observés en France. - Bulletin
de la Société Zoologique de France 12: 156 - 164.
RICHARD, J. 1888: Entomostracés nouveaux ou peu connus. - Bulletin de la Société zoologique
de France 13:43-48.
RICHARD, J. 1891: Recherches sur le système glandulaire et sur le système nerveux des Copépodes libres d'eau douce . - Annals Sciences naturelles, Zoologie 12: 113 - 270.
RYLOV, W.M. 1925: Zur Copepodenfauna des Ausserstenn Ostens. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 63
(11/12): 307-318.
RYLOV, W.M. 1948: Crustacea, Freshwater Cyclopoida. - Fauna Rossii n.s. 35 (3/3), 318 pp.
SAMPL, H. 1967: Vergleichende limnologische Untersuchungen an zwei benachbarten Ostalpenseen, dem Erlaufsee und dem Lunzer Untersee. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 63: 533 - 556.
SAMPL, H. 1970: Der Turnersee im Jauntal, Südkärnten. - Beiträge zu Geschichte, Kultur und
Landschaft: 103 - 120.
SAMPL, H. 1971: Änderung in der Zusammensetzung des Zooplanktons einiger Kärnter Seen. Carinthia II, Sonderheft 28: 441 - 448.
SARS, G.O. 1863: Oversigt af de indenlandske Ferskvandscopepoder. - Forhandlungen Vidensk.
Selskabet, Christiania (Jahr 1862): 212 - 262.
PESTA,
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
GAVIRIA:
Free-living copepods (Arthropoda: Crustacea) from Austria
593
SARS, G.O. 1903a (1901-1903): An Account of the Crustacea of Norway. IV. Copepoda
Calanoida. - Christiania and Copenhagen, 171 pp.
SARS, G.O. 1903b: On the Crustacean fauna of Central Asia. Part 3. Copepoda & Ostracoda. Ezhegodnik Zoologischeskogo Muszeya Akademii Nauk [Annales of the Museum of
Zoology, Imperial Academy of Sciences], St. Petersburg 8: 195 - 232.
SARS, G.O. 1904: Pazifische Plankton-Crustaceen. I. Plankton aus Salzseen und Süßwasserteichen. - Zoologische Jahrbücher, Systematik 19 (5): 629 - 646.
SARS, G.O. 1909: Zoological results of the Third Tanganyika Expedition, conducted by Dr. W.A.
Cunnington, F.Z.S.., 1904 - 1905. Report on the Copepoda. - Proceedings of the
Zoological Society, London: 31 - 77.
SARS, G.O. 1911 (1903 - 1911): An account of the Crustacea of Norway. V. Copepoda Harpacticoida, Bergen, 14, 449 pp.
SARS, G.O. 1918 (1913-1918): An account of the Crustacea of Norway. VI. Copepoda Cyclopoida. - Bergen, 225 pp.
SARS, G.O. 1927a: The freshwater Entomostraceaca of the Cape Province. Part 3: Copepoda. Annals of the South African Museum, Cape Town 25: 85 - 149.
SARS, G.O. 1927b: Sbornik v chest professora Nikolaya Mikhailovicha Knipovicha (1885 1925): 328.
SCHABER, P. 1976: Ökosystemstudie Piburger See. Rotatorien und Crustaceen. - Jahresbericht
der Abteilung für Limnologie Innsbruck 2: 78 - 94.
SCHMANKEWITSCH, V. 1875: Nekotorye rakoobraznye solyanoozernykh i presnykh vod i otnoshenie ikh k srede [Some Crustacea of salt lakes and freshwaters and their relation to environment]. - Zapiski Novorossiiskogo Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei 3 (2): 1 - 391.
SCHMEIL, O. 1893a: Copepoden des Rhaetikon-Gebirges. - Abhandlungen der naturforschenden
Gesellschaft Halle 19 (1/2): 1 - 40.
SCHMEIL, O. 1893b: Deutschlands freilebende Süßwasser-Copepoden. II. Harpacticidae. Bibliotheca Zoologica 5 (15): 1 - 100.
SCHMEIL, O. 1894a: Einige neue Harpacticiden-Formen des Süßwassers. - Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaften 67: 341 - 350.
SCHMEIL, O. 1894b: Deutschlands freilebende Süßwasser-Copepoden. 2. Harpacticidae. Bibliotheca Zoologica 5 (15), 101 pp.
SCHMEIL, O. 1898: Deutschlands freilebende Süßwasser-Copepoden. Nachtrag. - Bibliotheca
Zoologica 8, 21: 145 - 188, 548 - 549.
SCHNITTER, O. & CHAPPUIS, P.A. 1915: Parastenocaris fontinalis n.sp., ein neuer SüßwasserHarpacticide. - Zoologischer Anzeiger 45: 290 - 291.
SCOURFIELD, DJ. 1898 (1897 - 1898): The Entomostraca of Epping Forest with some remarks on
the group. - Essex Nature 10: 313 - 334.
SCOTT, T. 1899: Report on the marine and fresh-water Crustacea from Franz Josef Land collected
by M. William S. Bruce of the Jackson Harmsworth Expedition. - Journal of the Linnean
Society, London 27: 60 - 126.
SCOTT, T. (1893): On some new and rare Scottish Entomostraca. - Annales and Magazines of
Natural History 6 (11): 210 - 215.
SPANDL, H. 1924: Entomostraken von Borneo. - Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in
Wien 38: 89 - 95.
STARMÜHLNER, F., VORNATSCHER, J. & KUSEL-FETZMANN, E.
1972:
Die
Pflanzen und
der
Tierwelt der Altwasser. - In: Naturgeschichte Wiens, Band 2, Abschnitt Aulandschaft,
Verlag Jugend und Volk Wien, München: 577 - 657.
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at
594
Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 B
O. 1949: Der Schwarzsee ob Sölden im Ötztal. - Verein des Museums
Ferdinandeum (Innsbruck) 26/29: 117 - 146.
STERBA, O. 1954: Bathynella chappuisi DELACHAUX a jini korysi brenenskych studni. - Acta
Museum Moraviae 39: 164 - 173.
STERBA, O. 1969: Über die geographische Verbreitung der Harpacticiden (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) in der Tchechoslovakei. - Vestnik ceské spoletsnosti zool. 33 (2): 257 - 264.
STEINBOCK,
A. 1897: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Cladoceren- und Copepodenfauna Kärntens. - Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft Wien 47: 1 - 49.
STEUER,
A. 1901 : Die Entomostrakenfauna der alten Donau bei Wien. - Zoologische Jahrbücher,
Systematik 15: 1 - 156.
STROUHAL, H. 1954: Tierleben der Unterwelt. Karst und Höhle in Niederösterreich und Wien. Verlag Jugend und Volk, Wien , pp. 63 - 67.
TILZER, M. 1968: Zur Ökologie und Besiedlung des hochalpinen hyporrheischen Interstitials im
Arlberggebiet (Österreich). - Archiv für Hydrobiologie 65 (3): 253 - 308.
STEUER,
V. 1875: Crustacés du Turkestan. - Nouvelle Société des Amis des Sciences Anthropologiques et Ethnographiques, Univ. Moscou 11 (6): 26 - 40.
ULJANIN,
H. 1871 : Observations anatomiques et physiologiques sur le genre Cyclops - Genève,
47pp.
VERNET,
1878: Entomostracés de la faune profonde du lac Léman et description de la Moina
brathycola. - Bulletin de la Société Vandoise de Sciences naturelles 15 (80): 526 - 533.
VOGT, C. 1845: Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Schweizerischen Crustaceen. - Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizer Gesellschaft der gesamten Naturwissenschaften 7
(1): 1 - 19.
VOSSELER, J. 1886: Die freilebenden Copepoden Würthembergs und angrenzender Gegenden. Jahrbuch des Vereines für Naturkunde, Würthemberg. 42: 167 - 204.
VOSSELER, J. 1889: Die Copepoden der Eifelmaare. - Archiv für Naturgeschichte 55: 117 - 122.
VORNATSCHER, J. 1938: Faunistische Untersuchung des Lusthauswassers im Prater. - Internationale Revue für Hydrobiologie 37: 320 - 363.
WEIGAND, E. & TOCKNER, K. 1995: Limnologische Charakterisierung ausgewählter Karstquellen
im Nationalparkgebiet Nördliche Kalkalpen. Jahresbericht 1995. - Verein Nationalpark
Kalkalpen, Mölln, 75 pp.
WESTWOOD, J.O. 1836: Art Cyclops. - In: PARTINGTON, CF. (ed.). The British Cyclopaedia of
Natural History (London) 2: 227 - 228.
WIERZEJSKI,A. 1883: Materialy do fauny jezior tatrzanskich. - Sprawozdanie Komisyi Fizyjograficznéj, Krakow (1882) 16: 1 - 24.
WIERZEJSKI, A. 1887: O krajowich skorupiakach z rodziny Calanidae. - Tozpr. Academia Umiejet,
Krakow 16: 1 - 13.
WOLF, E. 1905: Die Fortpflanzungsverhältnisse unserer einheimischen Copepoden. - Zoologische Jahrbücher, Systematik 22 (1-2): 101 - 280.
VERNET,
View publication stats